OF THESIS UNDERWATER EXPLOSION ENERGY DISSIPATION NEAR WATERBORNE INFRASTRUCTURE Underwater explosions pose a significant threat to waterborne infrastructure though destructive pressure waves that can travel significant distances through the water. However, the use of bubble screens can attenuate the peak pressure and energy flux created by explosions to safe levels. This study investigates the prediction of pressure wave characteristics based on accumulated data, the damage potential of underwater explosions based on applied loads and effective material strength, and the bubble screen parameters required to prevent damage. The results were compiled to form a procedure for the design and implementation of a bubble screen the protection of waterborne infrastructure.


Automated epileptic seizure detection in a home environment has been a topic of great interest during the last decade. Normally patient-independent heart rate based seizure detection algorithms are used in practice to avoid the necessity of patient-specific data. They, however, lead to mediocre performance due to the large inter-patient heart rate variability. Therefore these algorithms should be adapted to each patient in an efficient way. In this study, a patient-specific algorithm is constructed with only 1 night of not-annotated patient-specific data by using a transfer learning approach. The algorithm was evaluated on 8 pediatric patients with 25 strong nocturnal convulsive seizures. By using only 1 night of patient-specific data, the false alarm rate dropped by a factor of 4 compared to the patient-independent algorithm, leading to on average 0.76 false alarms per night and 88% sensitivity. The results show that the proposed method can quickly adapt to patient characteristics without the requirement of seizure annotations.


Janssen TWJ. Effects of hybrid cycling on lower-body soft tissue composition, and proximal tibia and distal femur bone mineral density in inactive people with long-term spinal cord injury: a 16-wk randomized controlled trial. PLoS One. Abstract Objective: To investigate the effects of hybrid cycle exercise on soft tissue composition of the legs, proximal tibia and distal femur bone mineral density (BMD), and bone turnover markers in people with long-term spinal cord injury (SCI). Setting: Two rehabilitation centers with a specialized SCI unit. Participants: Physically inactive and wheelchair-dependent individuals with long-term SCI (aged 28–65; time since injury ≥ 8 years; age at onset SCI ≥ 18 years). Interventions: The experimental group received a 16-week hybrid cycle (voluntary arm exercise combined with functional electrical stimulation (FES)-induced leg exercise) training program, while the control group received a 16-week handcycle program. Outcome measures: soft tissue composition of the legs (lean and fat mass), proximal tibia and distal femur BMD, and bone turnover markers (procollagen type 1 amino-terminal propeptide (P1NP) and cross-linked C-telopeptide (CTX)) were obtained in the week before and after the training program. Results: Thirty-six people were included, of which 20 participants (10 hybrid cycle, 10 handcycle) completed the study and were analyzed for all outcome measures. Following the 16-week program, lean mass of the legs was increased with 0.86 ± 0.26 kg (p = 0.029) in the hybrid cycle group, and decreased with 0.78 ± 0.27 kg (p = 0.045) in the handcycle group. For fat mass of the legs, an overall reduction of 0.35 ± 0.13 kg (p = 0.03) was found. For proximal tibia and distal femur BMD, no significant main effects for time were observed. Furthermore, there was an overall reduction of 3.6 ± 1.7 μg/L (p = 0.05) in P1NP, and no significant overall change over time (p = 0.53) for CTX. No significant differences over time between the two training groups were found for leg fat mass, proximal tibia and distal femur BMD, P1NP and CTX. Conclusion: Hybrid cycling leads to improvements in soft-tissue composition of the legs, but does not improve proximal tibia and distal femur BMD, and bone turnover makers.


We have carried out STO-3G minimal basis set ab initio calculations to determine the charge distribution, using the YSP population analysis, of mono- and di-substituted aminopyridines, mono-, di-, and trisubstituted aminopyrimidines, and some mono- and bi-cyclic diazines and their corresponding mono-N-oxides. Our results indicate that the nitrogen charge densities do reflect the trend in the corresponding 15N chemical shifts, provided the nitrogen atoms have similar hybridization and substitution patterns. The amino-substituent effects are fully discussed. We have also shown that there exists a linear correlation between the ring nitrogen charge density of heteroaromatic derivatives and that of the homologous carbon atoms of the corresponding benzene derivatives. We have also studied, using the correlation between 1s orbital energies and gas-phase proton affinities, the intrinsic basicity of amino-pyridines and pyrimidines. Our results indicate that the ring nitrogens are the most basic sites in both families of compounds. In the particular case of aminopyrimidines the intrinsic basicities of both ring nitrogens are practically identical. These results are always in fairly good agreement with the 15N n.m.r. spectra of these molecules in acidic media. The charge distribution of the mono-N-oxide derivatives of diazine confirm the correlation between charge densities and chemical shifts. Their 15N n.m.r. spectra can be explained in terms of the contribution of mesomeric forms, which accumulate electronic charge at ortho- and para-positions, relative to the oxidized nitrogen atom.


In the context of the global epidemic of COVID-19, in order to solve the problems of heavy disinfection and epidemic prevention tasks in densely populated indoor public places and a low degree of automation and intelligence, a smart anti-epidemic disinfection robot solution that integrates multiple disinfection methods is proposed. The solution is designed and developed based on the open-source robot operating system (ROS) with digital intelligent remote disinfection function, micron-level atomization disinfection function, and multi-angle ultraviolet light disinfection function, providing a full range of high-efficiency disinfection and disinfection for the air environment bacteria protection. It has the functions of autonomous positioning and navigation, intelligent path planning, and real-time perception of environmental parameters. It is also equipped with a remote monitoring platform to monitor the status of the disinfection robot itself and task execution in real time to ensure stable operation and to issue disinfection tasks at regular intervals or in certain areas. The practice has proved that this solution can effectively solve the problem of the high labor cost of manual disinfecting so that one person can quickly complete the whole-area disinfecting work, greatly improving work efficiency, and it has good application value and is worth promoting.


This report describes a driving simulator experiment carried out to study the effect of Variable Message Sign (VMS) distance in an Automatic Incident Detection (AID) system on driving behaviour. In a simulated motorway environment, participants were now and then confronted with a stationary traffic queue. Subjects completed several runs with and without AID. The VMS distance (300, 700, 1500 m) and the traffic condition were varied. In runs with AID, subjects first passed a VMS showing '70' (km/h) followed by a VMS showing '50' (km/h) before reaching the queue tail. The results show that the AID system results in the intended changes in driving behaviour when approaching stationary traffic queues. With AID, the speed reduction process starts at a larger distance concerning the queue tail, and the occurring maximum decelerations are smaller. The AID results in an increase of the minimum Time-to-Collision (TTC) in the phase up to the final approach part of the manoeuvre. When comparing the queue approach processes in the separate VMS distance conditions, the behaviour found with 1500 m VMS distance is somewhat less favourable than with 700 or 300 m. When the AID only activates 2 signs upstream of the queue tail, the 700 m VMS distance is preferable over the 300 m VMS distance. Therefore, more than two signs upstream of the incident should be activated in order to fully benefit from an AID with small (300 m) VMS spacing.


There have been recent speculations in the literature about the nature of the trophic mode of Early Paleozoic marine faunas. It has been proposed that lecithotrophy is the primitive trophic mode in Cambrian invertebrates and that a shift to planktotrophy took place during the Late Cambrian–Early Ordovician in response to predation pressure or changes in the plankton (Signor and Vermeij 1994; Peterson 2005). Nützel et al. (2006) attempt to provide empirical evidence for this hypothesis in the Mollusca by analyzing the apices of Cambrian and Ordovician steinkerns (natural casts) representing early ontogenetic stages. They describe the developmental criteria that define lecithotrophy and planktotrophy. In extant molluscs, a small shell is formed during embryogenesis that approximates the size of the egg (protoconch I). Lecithotrophs have only protoconch I; their eggs are larger than planktotrophic ones because they contain a greater amount of yolk to nourish the embryo until metamorphosis. Planktotrophs generally form a smaller protoconch I and an additional shell is laid down during an extended feeding larval phase (protoconch II); together, these two protoconchs will be larger than protoconch I (Jablonski and Lutz 1980). Each phase can usually be identified by changes in ornamentation and a discernable growth discontinuity on the shell. When the larva undergoes metamorphosis, there is yet another discontinuity and change in ornamentation. Nützel et al. use internal casts of the apices of molluscan shells of Cambrian and Ordovician/Silurian age to make inferences about the trophic state of molluscan larvae based on size differences of the protoconchs. The external shell surface that would show details of the actual protoconch has been dissolved away by either diagenetic processes or by acid preparation. To compensate for this loss of detail, they selected a distance of 100mm from the apex of the fossil and measured the diameter of the internal mold at that point. They claim that a diameter measurement at this length reflects the size of the protoconch as well as the amount of yolk and the ontogenetic strategy. No literature is cited to support this statement. They plotted a histogram of these diameters (their Fig. 3C), presumably as an approximation of the size of protoconch I, and concluded that the post-Cambrian protoconch diameters are smaller than the protoconchs of Cambrian specimens and thus represent the eggs of planktotrophs whereas the larger protoconchs of the Cambrian specimens were the consequence of yolkier lecithotrophic eggs. This result would provide factual support for the initial appearance of lecithotrophy in the Mollusca in the fossil record. To make the quantitative comparison that the Nützel et al. conclusion depends on, it is essential that the size comparison be made on equivalent protoconch stages and that the measurements be comparable estimates of protoconch size. Their methodology is problematic for several reasons: (1) Identifying and measuring protoconch I: Although they describe the development of protoconchs I and II and their significance, these distinctions are not used in evaluating their illustrated specimens or the measured samples. If the measurement protocol is applied to the specimen in their Fig. 1C, which has a bulbous apex that is probably protoconch I, there is a roughly 25% disparity between the diameter measurement made through the protoconch itself (59mm) and a diameter measurement made at 100mm from the apex (82mm), which is beyond the area of protoconch I (Fig. 1). A single diameter measurement is not a good approximation of size especially where there are significant differences in protoconch shape. (2) Comparing Cambrian and post-Cambrian samples: The crux of their argument is the diameter data graphed in their Fig. 3C taken from 110 Cambrian and Ordovocian/Silurian steinkerns that shows a significant size distinction between the Cambrian and Ordovician/Silurian specimens. Although they state that the sample is of gastropods and other univalve molluscs, they do not identify the taxa and how these measurements were distributed among the different classes of Lower Paleozoic molluscs. Univalve molluscs included the monoplacophorans Tergomya and Helcionellida, Rostroconchia, Gastropoda, and the closely related Hyolitha (Kouchinsky 2001). These groups had very different shell shapes that become evident at early stages of development. Gastropods and hyoliths have narrow, tubular shells where the aperture expands relatively slowly as the shell grows. The shells of monoplacophorans tend to have a bell shape and the aperture EVOLUTION & DEVELOPMENT 9:4, 307 –310 (2007)


The present invention is a copolymer for rheology or cosmetic composition, method of manufacture, the compositions and methods of making the composition. The scope of the present invention, use of the copolymer or the composition is also selected. The copolymer, a) as monomers A, a branched acrylate first acrylic acid ester; as b) monomer B, at least one further acrylic acid ester is a straight-chain acrylic acid ester; c) monomer C a d) monomers D, the radical polymerizable alpha, beta-ethylenically unsaturated double bond and at least one compound having at least one cationic and / or cationogenic groups; cyclic N- vinylamides as e) comprises at least one monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid as monomer E, monomer B of polymerized state has a glass transition temperature of 24 ° C. or less reaches a maximum one-third of the weight of the monomers a.


Polar interactions between liquid crystal molecules and cell surfaces give rise to the surface electroclinic effect. This results in rotation of the layer normal away from the alignment direction near the surface and an interfacial region where the molecular director twists from the alignment direction until it reaches the layer normal direction. We have investigated the molecular orientation within the smectic layer using linear and circular dichroism spectroscopy. Contrary to theoretical predictions, the magnitude of the surface electroclinic tilt is relatively temperature independent, while the bulk electroclinic coefficient strongly depends on temperature.


Objective:To investigate gastric aspiration induced lung injury in severe brain injury.Methods:50 male SD rats were randomly divided into control group(n=10) and experimental group(n=40).The severe brain injury in experimental group was made by an improved method of Marmarou model,and then the aspiration models were made by intratracheal instillation of gastric juice.Each ten rats were killed to collect samples at 2 h,6 h,24 h and 48 h separately after the models were made.Plasma neutrophil elastase(Neutrophil Elastase,NE) content,the NE content and interleukin-8(IL-8) content in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF) were detected by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA);immune turbidimetric determination was used for the albumin concentration in BALF;and optical microscope for pathological changes in lung tissue.Results:BALF and plasma NE levels began to increase at 2 h,which was significant compared with the control group(P0.05).NE in BALF increased at a significantly higher rate than in plasma;IL-8 level in BALF began to increase at 2h,and meanwhile,BALF albumin concentration was significantly increased(P0.05);NE,IL-8 in BALF and albumin concentration had positive correlation(P0.01).Conclusion:Aspiration after severe brain injury can cause inflammation in lung tissue,and NE and IL-8 take part in pulmonary inflammatory response,resulting in lung injury.


How to effectively provide accurate design knowledge service to the designers has decisive influence on enterprises.Design is a knowledge-intensive process.Design knowledge acquisition is significantly yet difficult for the design knowledge service system.In the paper,considering the features of ripple down rules(RDR) method,a model for RDR-based design knowledge service system(RDR-DKSS) is proposed and analyzed.The process of design knowledge acquisition for realizing the system is analyzed further.When the experts solve the problem,the RDR system can process the knowledge at the same time.Finally an example is given to describe the application of the RDR method.


ABORIGINAL FAMILY LIFE Aboriginal adults have a life expectancy approximately 20 years less than that for a non-Aboriginal Australian. While infectious disease is more common than in non-Aboriginal Australia, it is the disease of transition: diabetes, cardiovascular disease and obesity which have a strikingly high prevalence in these communities. 20 years ago the infant mortality rate amongst central Australian Aboriginal children was as high as anywhere in the world. These rates have markedly declined since that time. However, the 'cost' of this decline has been an extremely high rate of hospitalisation for these children. It appears that the attack rate for infectious disease has not declined but some improvement in nutrition as well as improved evacuation services has clearly reduced mortality. Diarrhoeal disease, acute respiratory illness, ear disease, meningitis, skin and eye infection remain the major problems for young Aboriginal children. Data from Alice Springs Hospital demonstrates that in the mid 1980s, approximately 40% of all Aboriginal children had at least one admission to hospital for


This website will serve as a guide for all students enrolled in the Applied Research Project (ARP) course series, DHSC8020 (pre-requisite) and DHSC9015 to 9055. Please refer to the guide often for direction following up with the ARP Facilitator as needed. A brief introduction to the Applied Research Project (ARP), and an overview of the Ewing Model, which serves as the curricular foundation of the ARP.


Aligning business and information systems has been in the scope of research initiatives from decades. Recently, some efforts emerged with a complementary approach focused on the misalignments study. This paper proposes a misalignment approach based on the medical science perspective for nomenclature, classification and detection of misalignments. We show that a metaphor between disease and misalignment is reasonable and we present how a full set of concepts defined by medical science, such as symptom, sign, syndrome, etiology, diagnosis, therapy and prophylaxis, can be used to address the problem of misalignment between business and information systems. Additionally, each proposed concept is instantiated with a set of examples based on both academic research and professional consultancy.


The work is devoted to the search for new effective modifying additives that allow to purposefully regulate the technological properties of rubber compounds and physical-mechanical properties of rubbers based on combinations of non-polar rubbers and at the same time being cheaper and more affordable than traditional products, in particular, with resorcinol -urotropin complex (modifier RU -1). It was proposed to use as a modifier of frame rubbers based on a combination of isoprene (SKI-3) and butadiene-styrene (SCS-30ARKM-15) rubbers, chlorinated atactic polypropylene (CHAPP). It is shown that when the RU-1 modifier is replaced with this compound, the conditional stresses and tensile strength, tearing resistance, rebound elasticity, fatigue resistance in the regime of constant deformation amplitude, heat resistance, resistance to thermal aging of rubbers, as well as the strength of rubber bonding with rubber Textile cord, including at elevated temperatures are observed. Comparison of the CHAPP for the effectiveness of the action in the carcass gum with the previously proposed oligoefirmetacrylate epichlorhydrine , from the point of view of the provided complex of properties, showed the advantage of chlorinated atactic polypropylene for a number of priority indicators . From the comparative analysis of the modifying activity of chlorinated atactic polypropylene and oligoether methacrylate epichlorohydrin, it follows that the vulcanizates of rubber compounds containing instead of RU-1 chlorinated atactic polypropylene CHAPP are characterized by more improved parameters of hardness in TM-2, elasticity by rebound, the strength of the rubber-cord connection. It is also revealed that the main advantage of the proposed modifier is the low cost of the modifier used, as well as the use of secondary raw materials for its production. For citation : Mustafayeva R.E. Technological aspects of production and research of polymers composite materials with increased strength . Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol. 2017. V. 60. N 10. P . 82 - 86


An image-moire method using a simple experimental set-up is suggested to determine refractive indices of transparent materials accurate to five parts in the third decimal place.


Introduction: Temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD) has a significant effect on the sufferer's social behavior, mental state and oral health-related quality of life. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between TMD and oral health-related quality of life and mental health.
Materials and Methods: In this analytical‒descriptive study, of patients with TMD, who referred to Dental School of Khorasgan University in 2016‒2017, 75 patients with TMD were selected for the case group, while 75 patients with the same conditions but without a TMD diagnosis were selected for the control group. The OHIP14 (Oral Health Impact Profile) questionnaire was used to evaluate each patient's oral health and GHQ-28 (General Health Questionnaire) was used to evaluate mental health. Chronic pain was graded with RDC/TMD Axis11 (Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders) questionnaire. Data were analyzed with regression analysis, ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis test, using SPSS 22 (α = 0.05).
Results: OHIP14 indicators (prevalence, intensity and popularity) were significantly different between the case and control groups (p value < 0.0001). These scores were higher in female TMD patients compared to males and were higher in patients with high levels of chronic pain. GHQ-28 mental health indicators (materializing, stress, depression and mental issues) were significantly different between the two groups (p value < 0.0001). An increase in pain severity resulted in deterioration of mental health. Analysis of the relationship between mental health (GHQ-28) and oral health (OHIP14) revealed that patients with lower GHQ-28 scores had lower levels of oral health (p value < 0.05).
Conclusion: TMD negatively affects oral health-related quality of life and mental health. Mental health and oral health levels are highly correlated in TMD patients; patients with mental health issues often score low in OHRQoL.
Key words: Mental health, Oral health, Quality of life, Temporomandibular joint disorders


Abstract : The attacks on the World Trade Center in New York and the Pentagon in Washington, DC, came as a terrible surprise to most Americans-from the upper echelons of political power to the streets of small-town America. Though most Americans do not live in New York or Washington, all were deeply affected by the terrorist attacks. And perhaps for the first time in many Americans' lives, the complex web of interconnected political and social threads in which we live came into specific relief. The new world that we now inhabit comes as a sharp contrast to the heady and seemingly more carefree era of the dot-com economic boom, the Oslo accords, and relative peace. Before the attacks occurred, before they were planned, before some of the participants were even born, chains of events leading to the present situation were already in motion. Officials and strategic advisors over the years have predicted that some day events such as the September 11 attacks would occur, and the federal government responded to those predictions by evaluating, planning, and training. As the documents included in this bibliography attest, that work continues, and will continue into the foreseeable future. This bibliography is intended to serve as a means of access to information produced by the United States Government concerning the events of September 11. Unlike so many of the nations of the world, the United States considers fundamental the right of its citizens to know what their government is doing, the logic behind its actions, and the ramifications of its policies. To this end, our government produces copious quantities of informational materials that are freely accessible to the public through libraries and the Federal Depository Library system. This bibliography presents a sampling of the materials available through the Depository system, via the Internet, or both.


Any equestrian activity requires horses with proper fitness, which can be identified through body conformation (BC), calculated by combined biometric measurements. The objective of this study was to evaluate the BC of 86 horses belonging to genetic groups (GG): Crioulo (CR), Brazilian Equestrian (BE), Arabian (ARB), Quarter Horse (QH), Thoroughbred (THO), and a crossbred group with small stature, named as Petico (PE). We evaluated the relationship between shoulder and withers, estimated body weight, length, weight, weight relative, conformation, compactness and load 1 and 2, load on leg and dactyl-thoracic. The variation sources in the model were the effects of gender, GG, and the interaction GG*gender; the correlation between BC; principal components analysis, preparing a scatter plot with biplot to verify the distribution of GG in relation to the BC; cluster to check distance between GG. The variation sources affected BC (P<0.05). PE was considered elipometric, while the others were eumetric. THO was considered of medium shape, and the others as having small shape. Horses THO, QH, PE were qualified for activities with saddle up to light traction, and the rest of horses from saddle to heavy traction. Horses BE and ARB had greater capacity to support weight without overexertion on the back, working step and gallop. There were greater similarities between QM and CR, and lower among PE and the other GGs. Keywords: diversity; equines; phenotypic; skills.


The direct synthesis of β-NH2 alcohols via flexible ammonolysis of epoxides is still a challenging and unsolved problem. Herein, we present a strategy of "trading space for time under weakly...


Since chromosome microdissection and microcloning technique was developed in 1981,it has been widely used in many fields. In this paper, the principle of chromosome microdissection and microcloning technique was reviewed, some major technical problems such as chromosome identification, microdissection and microcloning were discussed and the progress of this technique in the field of plants was illustrated.


One of the cardinal rules of business is, "Listen to your customers". The notion that success also depends on listening to your employees is just as basic. All organizations that strive to improve performance and effectiveness are constantly faced by questions such as: 'Are our methods, working?" "Are our products and services meeting the market's expectations?" or "Why weren't we the first to launch the latest version of the product?" One of the most cost effective sources of advice is close at hand: THE WORKFORCE.
Apart from asking employees as to what is working and what isn't, managements are also acutely aware of the relationship between employee satisfaction levels and customer satisfaction. This link has been validated by research studies as well as experienced by each one of us in everyday life. Most of us can vividly recall our feelings of apprehension whenever we have to visit an organization, be it a bank, a retail outlet or a restaurant where the employees look miserable and unhappy in their jobs. Each time we enter such an organization, we get an uncomfortable feeling that its employees are annoyed at us for walking in and causing them to do work.


Many readers will already be familiar with Professor Alistair Burns and colleagues' Assessment Scales in Old Age Psychiatry. I am sure I am not the only academic who has read this book and found proper scales for contemporary research. Reviewing this new edition of a compendium of scales in old age psychiatry, I felt the need to comment on the limitation of current rating scales and their impact on clinical practice. In spite of widespread knowledge about rating scales, most authors have not clearly mentioned the fallacies inherent in most rating scales. Strictly speaking, we have no ways to interpret rating scale scores properly, despite the fact that standardized psychiatric assessments bring a measure of reliability and validity to clinical judgment. This is for the following reasons. First, using a cut-off score may not accurately reflect the true condition of an individual, because the rated score may be greatly influenced by other factors, including age, education, medical care, cultural background, nutrition, and protection from adverse environmental exposure, as well as target diseases. For example, a cut-off score of 23/24 on the Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE) (Folstein et al., 1975), perhaps the most frequently-used and bestknown of all rating scales, has been widely accepted as indicating cognitive impairment. A cut-off score of 11/12 on the MMSE has been adopted in the NICE guidelines for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, clinicians frequently have seen exceptional cases, such as AD patients with perfect MMSE scores and very old, illiterate patients without dementia whose MMSE score is less than 10 points. All the reports using a constant cut-off score have the same problem to some extent. Second, there is no clinical or statistical evidence that a rated score can be treated as ratio scale or interval scale in character, although mostly it has been accepted as a continuous variable in the field of psychiatry. In other words, a patient whose score is twice as high as another's on the same scale is not necessarily twice as ill. In clinical trials, clinical effectiveness frequently has been defined arbitrarily as 30% or 50% reduction from the baseline score. However, complex human experience such as effectiveness cannot be reduced to a score on a rating scale. Whenever we arbitrarily set a point or a score to delineate one from the other, the same fallacy may occur. Perhaps a better alternative way that we can choose is to adopt the


A demountable design of duoplasmatron is presented. A simple evaluation of energy spread of electron beams from this source indicates that the parameters, viz. the filament, the magnet and the arc currents, have considerable influence over the energy spread of the final beam, and consequently the probable causes are proposed qualitatively. Finally, it is indicated that lower values of the above three parameters would be conducive for monoenergetic beams in low energy experiments


Plasma nitride SiON films have been widely used as gate dielectric in advanced CMOS device fabrication since 90 nm technology node. As a replacement material for conventional silicon dioxide, it can provide increased dielectric constant and serve as an effective boron barrier. PNA(Post nitridation anneal), a critical step for plasma nitride SiON formation, is used to stabilize plasma incorporated nitrogen radicals and ions through form thermal stable Si-N banding. Furthermore, PNA can repair the damaged Si/SiO2interface by interface substrate re-oxidation under oxygen contained ambient. The article provided a method to improve the gate oxide nitrogen concentration and dielectric constant through optimizing the process temperature and progress gas ambient of the traditional PNA process. The experimental results show that the nitrogen concentration of gate oxide after optimized the PNA process temperature and progress gas ambient can be increased by 30% or so, the total charge of the interface can decrease an order of magnitude, the PMOS NBTI(Negative Bias Temperature Instability)lifetime of t0.1% and t50% can be increased by 15.3% and 32.4% respectively.


In four interspecies crossing combinations of grapevine (Seedling 108 x Muscat Hamburg, Muscat Hamburg x Seedling 108, S.V. 18315 x Muscat Hamburg and Muscat Hamburg x S.V. 12375) during three years period, important phenological phases (bud burst, blooming time, veraison and ripening time) were examined. Based on results of analysis of variance, for all investigated characteristics, components of variability, coefficients of genetic and phenotypic variation and coefficient of heritability in a broader sense were calculated. Values of these parameters depended a lot on examined crossing combination. In majority of all investigated characteristics and almost for ail crossing combinations, genetic variability took the biggest part in total variability. Only for blooming time, in crossing combinations Seedling 108 x Muscat Hamburg and Muscat Hamburg x S.V. 12375, year variability participated the most in total variability. The lowest coefficients of genetic and phenotypic variation were established for blooming time (4.01%; 4.86%), and the largest for veraison (36.43%; 38.81%). Considering examined crossing combination, coefficient of heritability was from 63.08% up to 70.76% for bud burst, from 60.61% up to 87.71% for blooming time, from 84.58% up to 88.14% for verasion and from 56.86% up to 89.29% for ripening time.


The authors have analyzed a large series of patients suffering from the effects of external endometriosis. The symptoms and the results of surgical treatment have been evaluated.


Object: To compare the clinical data of sternotomy and left intercostals
incision, combined with the literature, to provide the best surgical
incision for committed subarterial ventricular septal defect(DCS-VSD).
Methods: From July 2016 to July 2020, a total of 117 cases of occlusion
surgeries for DCSVSD, which guided by transoesophagel
echocardiography(TEE) were completed, including 34 cases with sternotomy
incision and 83 cases with left intercostal incision. Statistics and
analysis of the operation and follow-up. Results: 115 cases successfully
occluded, the successful rate was 98.29%, and 1 case failed in each
group. Pericardial effusion occurred in 5 children after the drainage
device was removed, and the pericardial effusion disappeared after
diuretic treatment. There was no statistical difference between the two
groups in operation time, occlusion time, thoracotomy time and
postoperative hospital stay. All the children recovered and were
discharged from the hospital, and were followed up for 2-30 months after
operation. Conclusion: TEE-guided intercostal DCS-VSD occlusion is safe
and effective. There is no statistical difference between two approach
with the operation time, chest opening and closing time, occluder
placing time, and postoperative hospital staying. At the same time, the
surgical incision by intercostal incisionis smaller and the operation
invasion is less, it is a surgical approach which worth to develop.


This article explores the possibilities of philosophical pragmatism for critical theory in urban studies. It points to the philosophical connections between pragmatism and the mainstay of critical theory in urban studies — Marxism. The article suggests how these philosophical roots as well as contemporary developments of pragmatism in social science (and in critical theory) open out the terrain of critical urban studies to make it more pluralist and democratic, theoretically and politically. The article concludes by looking at some of the consequences of this pragmatic turn for critical urban theory.


six weeks. They continued their usual diets during this period. Cholesterol, triglycerides, lipoproteins, and triglyceride fatty acids were measured by methods described elsewhere.4 Mean cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations of the patients on the diet are shown in the table. Linoleic acid as a percentage of total triglyceride fatty acids increased in seven of the ten patients after four weeks on the diet and tended to decrease after they reverted to their old diets. Persistent flushing caused two of the six patients taking slow-release nicotinic acid to discontinue treatment shortly after starting. The other four had minor side effects at first, and two continued to have some flushing and gastrointestinal symptoms. The predominantly raised lipid concentration fell appreciably in all four (mean percentage fall: cholesterol 20 %, triglyceride 35 '(), and rose again to pretreatment values one month after stopping treatment. No appreciable differences in body weight occurred in either group of patients during the experiment.


Naturally fluorescent proteins have been widely used in biological research. In this study, we found that the simple and effective way to obtain enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) nude mice is to cross transgenic EGFP C57BL/6J mice with nude (nu/nu) mice. EGFP expression is identified by tail genotyping. Establishment of the orthotopic EGFP nude mouse model used surgical orthotopic implantation. The morphology and human glioma cell markers, such as glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and S‐100, remain unchanged in this mouse model. The tumor blood vessels obtained from the orthotopic model show brilliant EGFP fluorescence as observed by fluorescence microscopy. These findings suggested that this is an ideal mouse model with which to study interaction among host, tumor, and tumor microenvironment; the findings also suggested that the host (EGFP nude mouse) was involved in tumor angiogenesis. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


Percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy (PDT) is a tracheostomy technique by making a minimal incision to insert a guide wire in bedridden patients. Weaning is a series of processes of releasing mechanical ventilation assistance from the patient's body and takes place gradually, the culminating point of which is the process of extubation / release of artificial airways. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the installation of a percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy and the process of weaning a ventilator in the ICU room of Awal Bros Hospital, Pekanbaru. This study used an analytic observational method using a cross sectional design with a total sample of 25 people using a total sampling technique. The results of this study used the chi square test and obtained a p value of 0.001 where the value is less than 0.05 (0.01 <0.05), so that means there is a relationship between Percutaneous Dilatational Tracheostomy (PDT) placement and the Weaning process, PDT is faster in the weaning process. This research is expected to be useful for patients who have Percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy installed so that they can quickly complete the ventilator weaning process.


The insistence by certain modern-day philosophers that we live in a ¿Chicken Little¿ world is overdrawn, but the exaggeration surely contains a degree of truth. Why is this? Those of conservative bent ¿ frequently members of the ¿establishment¿ ¿ are traditionally inclined toward caution where risks are involved. But evidence of the trend is seen in liberal camps as well. It is apparent in the institutionalization of discontent that manifests itself in anti-technology movements.


In this thesis, a novel approach to the use of dissolvable material is proposed: rather than 3D printing support structures strictly for supporting overhangs, we explore use cases derived from its ability to be dissolved when placed in a solvent, such as water. This enables a range of new use cases, such as quickly dissolving and replacing parts of a prototype during design iteration, printing temporary assembly labels directly onto objects that leave no visual artifacts once dissolved, and creating time-dependent mechanisms, such as fading in parts of an image in a shadow art piece or releasing scents from a 3D printed structure sequentially overnight. We use commercially available support material, rendering the approach usable on consumer 3D printers without any further modifications. To facilitate the design of objects that leverage dissolvable support, a custom 3D editor plugin is built that includes a simulation showing how support material dissolves over time. In our evaluation, our simulation predicted geometries that are statistically similar to the physically dissolved samples within 10% error across all samples. Thesis Supervisor: Stefanie Mueller Title: Assistant Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science


Quantitative analyses suggest that the increase in global warming by about 1°C over the last century is related to the increase in geomagnetic activity. Maintained small increases in dynamic pressure in the order of a nanoPascal from the solar wind due to the expansion of the solar magnetic corona may be sufficient to produce the energy that has resulted in the increase of surface temperatures on the Earth and Mars. A 1 nPa increase in dynamic pressure is equivalent to the increase of about 16 nT in aa (average antipodal index) values observed over the last 100 years. The results support the hypothesis of El-Borie and Al-Thoyaib that geomagnetic activity can partially predict global mean temperatures.


This paper describes a graphics-based software development environment that takes advantage of the visual nature of the Object Modeling Technique (OMT) notation and the benefits of formal methods. We have developed a prototype environment, VISUALSPECS, which enables a user to perform object-oriented analysis graphically using the OMT notation. VISUALSPECS generates a formal specification of the object-model, which can be systematically analyzed for completeness and consistency prior to implementation. The formal specifications can be used to guide the formal software. This graphical environment facilitates the development of reliable software using formal methods, enables automated of requirements and design information, and promotes software design reuse based on graphical notations.<<ETX>>


Symmetry is the most common attribute present in many of the real world and engineering 3D models. Organizing, managing, and retrieving the 3D Computer-Aided Design (CAD) models for engineering applications is tedious and time-consuming. To simplify the procedure, this work proposes the detection of rotational and reflectional symmetries of CAD models based on point cloud data processing. With the support of view-based shape classification at three orthogonal axes and at regular intervals of rotation, the symmetry of the model is determined. Experiments are performed on the 3D Shape Net benchmark dataset with different labels. Recall, Precision, and F-score are measured for the performance of the methodology applied. Four categories of CAD models are applied for the symmetry detection and a 0.95 F-score is obtained as maximum. As a future scope, the identification and classification of scan models of the reverse-engineered objects will be performed with the application of 3D deep learning of point clouds.


This paper presents the design of a fault-tolerant universal asynchronous receiver transmitter (UART) called micro-FT-UART for safety-critical SoC-based applications. This UART exploits advantages of three fault-tolerant techniques to tolerate soft errors. The three techniques are triple modular redundancy (TMR), Hamming code and a new technique called correction by parity storing (CPS). An VHDL model of a micro-UART is simulated by the ModelSim v.6.0 and synthesized by the Synopsys Design Compiler v.X-2005.09-SP2. About 1000 single-bit errors and 1000 multiple-bit errors are injected into different parts of the micro-UART to find out the error sensitivity of each specific part. Considering tradeoff between reliability and power consumption, an optimum fault-tolerant technique is assigned to each part to design the micro-FT-UART. This UART corrects all single-bit errors and on average 24% of multiple-bit errors with about 81% power consumption overhead and 152% area overhead.


Performance is the response or success of the work actually achieved by individuals in an organization. Agricultural extension workers have basic tasks and functions that must be carried out to achieve good performance. The instructor who performs well can position himself as a motivator, educator, facilitator and dynamicator that has an impact on changes in farmer's behavior in farming. The specific goal of this study is to 1) identify the internal factors influencing the performance of agricultural extension agents in corn farming in Gorontalo Province and 2) analyze the extent to which the internal factors influence the performance of agricultural extension agents in corn farming in Gorontalo Province. This study employed a survey method and involved 123 extension agents as the sample. The data were analyzed using the multiple linear regression analysis. The results show that variables of agricultural extension agents' characteristics, work ability, and motivation are the internal factors that partially and simultaneously provide a significant effect on the performance of agricultural extension agents in Gorontalo Province. The extent to which internal factors influence the performance mentioned above is 52.7%.


The hotel is perfectly located in the heart of Bangkok on Surawongse Road. The ideal location offer quick and easy access to the BTS Sky train, subway, major business hub-silom road and shopping center.Whether on business or pleasure, the hotel ensure..


This paper focused on the treatment of supply disruptions in the production and procurement systems. By treating inventory as real options, a contract portfolio can be generated to hedge the supply disruptions with minimal costs. This paper proposed a collaborative production-procurement system with contract portfolio approach to smooth supply disruptions incurred from supply chain. The collaborative production-procurement system provided a strategic flexibility and adopted for a real-life production-procurement problem which was faced by a food processing industry in Asia and turns out to be very efficient. The proposed contract portfolio approach has provided evidence of better results than the traditional operational techniques in this paper.

 Key words: Supply disruption, contract portfolio approach, real option.


Abstract:Critics regularly note that sanguine sudare, "to sweat with blood," appearing twice in DRN, is striking and they offer some verbal parallels in other texts. The phrase and these parallels have not been investigated beyond these passing comments. In this article I examine Lucretius' use of the phrase within his poem and in other sources. I argue that the phrase, as Lucretius employs it, is multivalent in meaning and is a signal to his audience that evils are threatening Rome. By placing the phrase in conversation with similar and identical locutions found in war and teratological contexts, I show that Lucretius uses the phrase to induce his audience to consider the causes and consequences of violence and looming societal collapse. The phrase is more than a fine expression, it is for Lucretius another method to stimulate introspection and radical change among Rome's elite.


Structurally ordered intermetallic structure is an efficient catalyst design strategy to significantly improve the catalytic performance of Pt alloy electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction in fuel cells. However, a high structural ordering degree generally relies on high-temperature annealing, which results in detrimental catalyst particle sintering. Herein, we reveal that the incompatibility between high ordering degree and minimum particle sintering during thermal annealing can be resolved through rational development of structurally ordered Pt ternary alloys. Ordering transformation mediated by high-temperature annealing of three representative Pt ternary alloys (Pt–Fe–Co, Pt–Ni–Co and Pt–Fe–Ni) at a similar Pt composition was systematically studied. It was found that Fe can significantly promote the structural ordering due to a faster atomic diffusion, whereas Co can effectively inhibit the particle sintering. As a result of the synergy between Co and Fe, the ordered PtCoFe catalyst exhibited the highest ordering degree after thermal annealing at 600 °C with the minimum nanoparticle growth, leading to the highest catalytic activity (0.65 A/mgPt at 0.9 V, 4 times that of pure Pt catalyst) and best stability (16% drop after 10,000 potential cycles). This study provides important clues for the rational design of high-performance structurally ordered ternary Pt alloys.


The purpose of this study was to extend previous literature on student-athlete college choice by examining part of the recruitment process as a precursor to student-athlete decision-making. More specifically, this exploratory study aimed to empirically examine the extent to which apparel sponsorships affect student-athlete recruitment. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with ten football players at a state-supported NCAA Football Championship Subdivision (FCS) institution in the Rocky Mountain region. An inductive approach was used in identifying three emergent themes. These themes suggest that football players at this institution did not hold the apparel and equipment sponsorship as a deciding factor for the commitment to a school, though they did hold strong opinions towards New Balance, and the other three brands referenced during the interviews. The values expressed by these participants can provide a basis for future apparel and equipment contracts at this institution. As this study was exploratory in nature, the findings lay the framework for similar research across gender, sport, school, and conference. Keywords: NCAA, Student-Athlete, Recruitment, Apparel, Brand, QualitativeAs a result of the economic downturn in the United States, college athletic administrators face the challenge of balancing a high level of competition with cost-cutting measures (DeSchriver, 2009; Fort, 2010; Lapchick, 2010). There is a substantial amount of pressure on athletic departments to produce conference and national championships, particularly in revenue-generating sports such as men's basketball and football, as a means to garner attention and build upon the reputation of their entire institution. Athletic departments act as brand ambassadors by being one of the most visible departments and as substantial revenue generators. Colleges and universities sponsor Nation Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) athletics as a means to compete for athletic achievement, gain national recognition, sell tickets, increase revenues, fundraise (Martinez, Stinson, Kang, & Jubenville, 2010; Meer & Rosen, 2009), and improve the quality of university admissions (Chressanthis & Grimes, 1993; Jones, 2009; Judson, 2004; Letawsky, Schneider, Pedersen, & Palmer, 2003; McEvoy, 2006; Toma & Cross, 1998). However, despite substantial budgets, most athletic departments operate in a deficit in order to achieve these operational benefits. The latest NCAA report indicated that only 23 Division I institutions generated an overall profit (Brown, 2012).Athletic departments face pressure to realize the financial and reputational benefits of winning at the national level. In order to compete at this high level, a substantial amount of money is dedicated to recruiting blue-chip student-athletes. The top 35 spenders on studentathlete recruitment at the Division I level all spent between $1,000,000 and $2,229,600 for the 2011 recruitment year (Jessop, 2012). Undoubtedly, the many programs outside of this small group of high spenders cannot allocate similar funds to their recruiting efforts, which put them at a distinct competitive disadvantage. The rewards earned from winning programs are fostered by a variety of elements including coaches, facilities, and financial support, but successful recruiting is the lifeline to an athletic program. Furthermore, "without gifted athletes, even the most talented strategist or motivator will be rendered ineffective as a coach" (Judson, 2004, p. 24). Judson's statement emphasizes the importance for athletic departments to recruit effectively, but for the departments with tight budgets, this must also be done efficiently.A substantial gap exists in the student-athlete recruitment literature. Researchers have investigated the college choice of general freshmen (Hossler, Schmit, & Vesper, 1999; Kaufman & Creamer, 1991; Servier, 1993), as well as the unique factors that affect studentathlete choice (Garbert, Hale, & Montalvo, 1999; Judson, James, & Aurand, 2004; Letawsky et al. …


This article focuses on the issue of options, respectively the scope of application of the tax authorities' discretion in the use of available instruments to ensure the objective of tax administration, i.e. the correct identification and determination of the tax and its payment. The article is based on a case study of the decision of the Supreme Administrative Court of the Czech Republic.


The method of boring front exploring roof bolter controls the draw and leak of roof along 18 layer baseplat in thick coal seam is introduced.The succesful experiment of quick driving is reached and its effect is also analysed.A fairly good economic effect is qot.


First published in 1974, this text is written in a direct way by Harry Braverman, whose years spent as an industrial worker gave him insight into the labour process and the conviction to reject the reigning wisdoms of academic sociology. Here, he analyzes the division of labour between the design and execution of industrial production, which underlies all our social arrangements. This new edition features a new introduction by John Bellamy Foster, setting the work in historical and theoretical context, as well as two more articles by Harry Braverman.


An ICP-AES method for the determination of Cr,Fe,Mn,Al,Cd,Cu,Zn,Ni in human urine was developed,and the differences between ages was study.The result showed,that the standard curves were linear over working ranges and gave average correlation coefficients between 0.999 0~0.999 8.The limits of determination(LOD) were 0.000 4~0.029 5 μg/mL.The precisions were between 1.9%~6.3%,and the recoveries were between 80%~120%.There were obvious differences between ages in the urine Cd concerntration(P=0.01).


Searching the web is a vital role in human life in last two decades. The users either search for exact information or just surf topics which interest them. A topic is defined as a seminal event or activity along with all directly related events and activities. It is represented by a chronological sequence of documents published by different authors on the Internet. An anatomy-based summarization method called Topic Summarization and Content Anatomy (TSCAN) was proposed to summarize the content of a temporal topic. TSCAN models the documents as a symmetric block association matrix, in which each block is a portion of a document, and treats each eigenvector of the matrix as a theme embedded in the topic. Temporal Similarity (TS) function is applied to generate the event dependencies and context similarity to form an evolution graph of the topic. A unique feature of TSCAN is the introduction of the event segmentation process to extract the semantic construct event before summarization. In addition, we use an ontology based approach to improve the TSCAN. The idea of using ontology is to analyze documents and obtain semantic information. Before constructing symmetric block association matrix, we construct an ontology database for analyzing the main topics of the document. After recognizing the main topics and determining their relative significance, we rank the paragraphs based on the relevance between main topics and each individual paragraph. Depending on the ranks, we decide preferred proportion of paragraphs as summary. Normal 0 false false false EN-IN X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */
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The 1993 building program of Lincoln-Way Community High School District 210, Frankfort, Ill., included additions to the East and Central Campuses. As part of this project, the original building was converted from all-electric space and domestic water heating to natural gas-fired boilers and water heaters. A cogeneration plant was also added to reduce the electrical demand charges and save the school district additional money. This article focuses on the heating conversions and cogeneration installation. The cost of increasing the new building services to accommodate the existing building was much less than if this work had been completed for each building separately. This made the payback time of these items more acceptable.


This article analyses France's security policy in the Western part of the Sahel and Sahara, from Tchad to Mauritania. It shows that it lies on three principles: an overestimated importance of Islam in the production of revolts that are qualified of jihadists; a very military vision of gigantic interconnected spaces; an assimilation of the war on terrorism to war on poverty and illegal emigration.


Abstract Universities are constituted in generating sources of knowledge whose main role is to form thoughtful and skillful human beings for a qualified professional performance. That requires professors skilled in key competencies and concrete actions by universities in order to develop them. This research aims to analyze the role of the human resources professionals at private higher education institutions in Sao Paulo State, Brazil, for verifying their contribution to make these institutions more competitive. An exploratory and qualitative research was accomplished. The research was implemented through the Delphi method applied to a sample of eighteen experts in Human Resources. The result showed a prevalence of the traditional and operational functions, a weak strategic performance, a strong concentration of power in the owner's hands and a little sharing of responsibilities among the major university manager (faculty director).


A 2.9 kb DNA fragment carrying the Escherichia coll proBA region, which encodes the first two enzymes of the proline biosynthetic pathway, was subcloned onto an expression plasmid carrying both the bacteriophage lambda P promoter (XP ) and the lambda gene encoding a thermolabile cl repressor protein (cI857). Derepression of the XP promoter by thermal inactivation of the cI857 repressor protein resulted in the simultaneous overproduction of the proB (y-glutamyl kinase) and proA (y-glutamyl phosphate reductase) gene products. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the proBA locus allowed gene assignments consistent with the NH and COOH-terminal analyses and amino acid compositions of homogeneous preparations of the proB and proA proteins. The contiguous nature of the proB and proA genes suggests that the two genes constitute an operon in which proB precedes proA. INTRODUCTION In Escherichia coli, conversion of glutamate to proline is mediated by the sequential action of three enzymes; Y-glutamyl kinase (ATP: L-glutamate 5-phosphotransferase; EC 22.214.171.124), y-glutamyl phosphate reductase [L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde: NADP oxidoreductase (phosphorylating); EC 188.8.131.52], and A -pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase (L-proline: NAD(P) 5-oxidoreductase; EC 220.127.116.11). These enzymes are the gene products of the proB, proA and proC loci, respectively (1,2). The first enzyme in the proline biosynthetic pathway, y-glutamyl kinase (GK), catalyzes the ATP-dependent y-phosphorylation of glutamate to form y-glutamyl phosphate and ADP (3). The second enzyme of the proline pathway, y-glutamyl phosphate reductase (GPR) , catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of y-glutamyl phosphate to glutamate 5-semialdehyde and NADP (4). L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde undergoes a spontaneous cyclization to form A -pyrroline-5-carboxylate which is then converted to proline through the action of the third enzyme in the proline pathway, A -pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase (2,5). The primary goal of our research efforts has been to genetically engineer the Gram-negative bacterium, E. coli, to overproduce free amino acids such as ©IRL Press Umited, Oxford, England. 6337 Nucleic Acids Research proline. The overproduction of amino acids via fermentation is partially dependent upon overcoming the normal cellular regulatory circuits such as feedback inhibition and repression. Only GK, the first enzyme in the proline biosynthetic pathway, is subject to allosteric feedback inhibition by proline (3). Although it is unclear from the literature whether proB is subject to repression (1,6,10), neither proA nor proC appear to be regulated in this fashion. In a previous publication (7), we reported the nucleotide sequence of the proC gene, and the overproduction, purification to homogeneity and characterization of the corresponding gene product, A -pyrroline-5-carboxylate reducta6e. Evidence presented suggested that transcriptional control of the proC gene might occur by either autogenous regulation or by positive activation. As part of our continuing studies concerning the regulation of the proline biosynthetic pathway, we now report the overproduction, purification to homogeneity and partial characterization of the gene products of the proB and proA loci, as well as the nucleotide sequence of the proBA region. The proB gene we describe encodes a GK enzyme which is resistant to feedback inhibition by proline. MATERIALS AND METHODS Enzymes Restriction endonucleases, T,-polynucleotide kinase, bacterial-alkaline phosphatase, T.-DNA ligase, terminal transferase, and _E. coli DNA polymerase I (large fragment) were all supplied by Bethesda Research Laboratories, Inc., and were used as suggested by the manufacturer. Bacterial Strains and Plasmids E_. coli K12 strain K802 (hsd̂ R j3up_E 2f£Y £al.K metA) and the ColEI hybrid plasmid pLC7-19 were obtained from the E_. coli Genetic Stock Center (Yale University). The expression plasmid pGW7 has already been described (7). Construction and Screening of pGW7-proBA Recomblnants Plasmid pLC7-19 was obtained from the Clarke and Carbon collection of hybrid plasmids (8). We selected for a spontaneous mutation, mapping within the proB locus of pLC7-19, which conferred cellular resistance to 100 ug/ml of DHP. GK activity, from strains harboring plasmids which conferred DHP resistance, was considerably more resistant to the inhibitory effects of proline than the GK activity from wild-type strains (9). A 3.0 kb Pstl DNA fragment, isolated from the modified pLC7-19 plasmid, was identified as encoding both the affected proB locus and the wild-type proA locus (10). The 3.0 kb Pstl DNA fragment was subcloned onto the plasmid


Yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) is the most common material used as a thermal barrier in several engineering applications. In order to improve the insulator potential of these thin films, an oblique-angle deposition approach was used to grow YSZ with tilted columnar structures. Initially, the period (n) was defined as the repetition unit composed of two layers each with different columnar growth directions, and then, n was increased (n = 1, 2, 10, 30, and 50), keeping constant the total thickness (∼3.50 μm). The influence of (n) on the structure, roughness, grain size, microstructure, and thermal conductivity (κ) of thin films deposited was determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy, and hot-plate technique, respectively. For all the samples, XRD patterns indicate the presence of the characteristic 8YSZ tetragonal phase peaks. Through AFM analysis, it was established that the roughness of the films deposited d...


The subject, "Studies On Sialidases", is introduced In Chapter 1 by a review of the history, biological functions and properties of sialidases.

The development of a rapid and sensitive (detection limit 10-⁶ units) assay system for sialidase, using tritiated fetuin labelled at C-8 of its N-acetylneuraminic acid (NANA) units, is discussed in Chapter 2. Included In this chapter, is the design and application of a radioimmunoassay for sialidases, in which antibodies specific for (NANA) have been obtained. These antibodies were raised in sheep challenged with BSA-colominic acid (the colominic acid was hydrolysed to a chain length of approximately 3 NANA units) conjugate. Further, an attempt has been made to determine the mole to mole ratio of NANA units per sialic acid-containing macromolecule.

The extensive purification of the three sialidases is discussed in Chapter 3, using a double "affinity" column system and hydroxylapatite with which it was possible to separate the two forms of sialidases found in S. griseus and V. cholerae.

The main body of the thesis (Chapter 4), reports on the work undertaken to resolve the controversy pertaining to which amino acids are, or are not, involved in the active centre of sialidases obtained from pathogenic (C. perfringens and V. cholerae) and non-pathogenic (S. griseus) sources. It was found, by chemical modification, that cysteine and lysine amino acid residues do not participate in the catalytic process, whereas on the other hand, arginine, tryptophan and carboxylic amino acid residues have been found to participate in or near the active centre, either by binding or by actual catalysis, during the catalytic process. Further, the involvement of arginine has been confirmed by differential labelling, isolation of the radiolabelled "active site peptide" and amino acid analysis, using phenyl(³H]glyoxal. The synthesis of the latter, via an inexpensive method, is elaborated upon as well. Preliminary chemical modification studies directed at the carbohydrate residues, covalently attached to these enzymes, reveal the possibility of these moieties participating in the maintenance of the three-dimensional structure of sialidase.

With the aforegoing information, it is concluded that there is no difference between the active centres of sialidases obtained from pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacterial sources. Further, a catalytic mechanism involving the essential amino acid residues in or near the active site of the sialidases is speculated upon.


To investigate the guide of examination and clinic teaching each other in pediatrics, we analyse 108 examination papers that were taken When the students hadfinished the exercitation at 8 times. The attainment was 73,6±4.4 points. A-mong the 400 selective: questions, the difficult questions which were concentrated only in a fewdiseases accounted for 35. 3%. There was mush difference between the proportion of the selective questions and that of the demands of the teaching program during different system of diseases. There was few or no selective question in the important diseases of the teaching program. It is' suggested that the proposition of difficult questions must include the important diseases in the teaching program. The parasitic disease, gasp bronchitis, poliomyelitis, acute hemorrhagic enteritis and scarlatina may be deleted from the teaching program because they are rot commonly encountered diseases. The acute nephritis, neonatal asphyxia, sepsis and hyaloid membrane disease must be put in the teaching program because they are commonly encountered diseases. It is necessary to reinforce the ability of students to analyse andresolve problems.


Background. A routine health information system (RHIS) is a system that records, stores, and processes health data in order to enhance healthcare decision-making. However, systematic use of health information is still not used for program decisions in developing nations, particularly in Ethiopia. Objective. Identifying regular utilization of health information systems and related factors among healthcare workers in Debre Berhan Town health facilities, North Shoa, Amhara, Ethiopia, 2022. Methods. A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from February 22 to September 22, 2022 in Debre Berhan Town, Ethiopia. Data from participants were gathered using a self-administered, pretested structured questionnaire by employing a systematic random sample technique among healthcare workers at public health facilities. Data were entered into EpiData version 3.1 and analyzed using SPSS. We employed multivariable logistic regression and descriptive statistics. Variables with a p-value < 0.05 were considered statistically significant factors. Hosmer–Lemeshow goodness of fit was used to check the adequacy of the model. Result. A total of 383 workers were study participants with 100% response rate. The mean age was 32 (±5.23). Utilization of routine health information among health professionals was 42.6%. Type of institution (AOR = 0.56), complexity of RHIS) (AOR = 2.19), training on HMIS (AOR = 9.35), and feeling guilty of not accomplishing their performance (AOR = 2.96) were found significantly associated with routine health information utilization (RHIU). Conclusion. Utilization of RHIS among the health professionals was low. Type of institution, complexity of RHIS, data management skills, training on HMIS, and feeling guilty of not accomplishing their target performance were factors related to RHIS utilization. Comprehensive training and improve data management skills are highly recommended for improving RHIU.


The invention discloses a synthesis method for aromatic hydrazine sulfate. The synthesis method includes the steps that firstly, aromatic amine is added in sulfuric acid with the mass fraction ranging from 15% to 65%, the temperature is lowered to -5-15 DEG C, a diazotization reagent is dropwise added in the reaction liquid, and diazonium salt is obtained after reaction; secondly, a reducing agent is prepared into a solution, a reducing solution is obtained, the diazonium salt obtained in the first step is dropwise added in the reducing solution, heating reduction is conducted after drop-by-drop addition is completed, and reducing material liquid is obtained through filtration; and thirdly, the reducing material liquid obtained in the second step is heated, dilute sulphuric acid is dropwise added in the reducing material liquid to conduct the acidolysis reaction, the temperature is lowered after the reaction is finished, the aromatic hydrazine sulfate is separated out, a filter cake and filtrate are obtained through filtration, the filter cake is washed with dilute sulphuric acid, and an aromatic hydrazine sulfate product is obtained, and sodium sulfate salt is recycled after the filtrate is preprocessed. Compared with a traditional process, the obtained aromatic hydrazine sulfate is high in yield and purity, the purity reaches 97% or above, the yield is higher than 91%, salt in the wastewater obtained through the reaction is the simplex sodium sulfate salt, and the recycling value is high.


For patients requiring intervention because of progressive disease of the aortic valve, the perfect palliation will provide a valve that produces normal dynamics of flow, will not require anti-coagulation, will grow with the patient, and have long term durability. Current surgical interventions include aortic valvoplasty, or replacement with either a mechanical or tissue prosthesis. Options for tissue valves include insertion of a pulmonary autograft in the Ross procedure, a cadaveric homograft, or porcine or bovine xenograft valves. The optimal option is still debated.


In this study, we propose a method of classifying a spontaneous electroencephalogram (EEG) approach to a brain-computer interface. Ten subjects, aged 21–32 years, volunteered to imagine left-and right-hand movements. An independent component analysis based on a fixed-point algorithm is used to eliminate the activities found in the EEG signals. We use a fractal dimension value to reveal the embedded potential responses in the human brain. The different fractal dimension values between the relaxing and imaging periods are computed. Featured data is classified by a three-layer feed-forward neural network based on a simple backpropagation algorithm. Two conventional methods, namely, the use of the autoregressive (AR) model and the band power estimation (BPE) as features, and the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) as a classifier, are selected for comparison in this study. Experimental results show that the proposed method is more effective than the conventional methods.


In this paper, statistical analysis of received signal to noise ratio (SNR) properties is carried out under Nakagami fading with space-time transmit diversity (STTD) and new closed-form expression for the probability density function (pdf) of received SNR is obtained. Exact bit error rate (BER) expressions of MQAM and MPSK under Nakagami fading with STTD are acquired through numerical computation. It is shown in our performance illustrations that BER performance is improved significantly with the increase of average SNR and m. At the same time, the simulation results achieved in [S. Alamouti, 1998] can be included as a special case of our analytical results.


In order to establish higher levels of instructional technology use in public schools, the Enhancing Education through Technology (EETT) program under the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) provided competitive grants to help teachers integrate technology into their curricula. This study investigated the effects of a teacher professional development institute funded by the NCLB-EETT grant on the participants' classroom technology integration. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected through classroom observations. The results showed that the program had positive impacts on the participants' effective and efficient use of instructional technology: most participants successfully transferred the program content to their classroom practice. This study also explored the barriers that K-12 teachers were likely to encounter in their technology implementation endeavors.


The immune information processing mechanism is involved into original particle swarm optimizer,and the particle swarm option algorithms with immunity are proposed for router problem.The proposed algorithms have both the properties of the original particle swarm optimization algorithm and the immune mechanism of immune system,so as to improve the abilities of seeking the global excellent result and evolution speed.


The conformation of the antibiotic ureido‐balhimycin has been investigated by proton nmr and refined with computer simulations. The dimeric structure cj ureido‐balhimycin was established by unambiguous identification of 6 nuclear Overhauser effects (NOEs) as intermonomeric, out of the total of 186 NOEs observed. Via distance geometry calculations the antiparallel orientation of the two monomers was demonstrated. Further refinement by molecular dynamics simulations provided the essential hydrogen bonds and aromatic interactions responsible for interfacial stabilization. The computational protocol illustrated here (distance geometry to define the coarse topology and molecular dynamics for refinement) should find general applicability in the study of homodimers. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


Contents: Preface Introduction: Why sacrifice? Why the body? Part I Explorations: The economic body: communion sacrifice and the kingdom of God The purified body: expiatory sacrifice and justification The generative body: covenant sacrifice and the resurrection of the body Recapitulation: on theological interpretation. Part II Dialogues: The victimized body: a dialogue with Rene Girard The abused body: a dialogue with feminist theology The atoning body: dialogue with Anselm and his followers. Conclusion: Towards the convivial body: a Eucharistic Trinitarian theology of sacrifice Bibliography Indexes.


Objective To investigate the prognostic value of lymph node ratio(LNR) in predicting overall survival and disease-free survival in colorectal cancer(CRC) patients with metatastic lymph nodes.Methods From July 2003 to December 2007,data from a total of 102 patients who underwent radical operation for CRC with lymph node metastases were analyzed.The patients were stratified into four groups according to LNR quartiles: LNR 1(LNR≤Q 1),LNR 2(Q 1 LNR≤Q 2),LNR 3(Q 2 LNR Q 3) and LNR 4(LNR≥Q 3).Kaplan-Meier method was used to evaluate the survival.A Cox regression model was used for multivariate analyses.Results The 3-year overall survival rate and disease-free survival rate were 72.5% and 61.8% in CRC patients with stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ.The 3-year overall survival rate in patients with adenocarcinoma and low grade differentiation was higher(P 0.05).The 3-year overall survival rates of patients with LNR 1,LNR 2,LNR 3 and LNR 4 were 100.0%,76.9%,68.0% and 42.3%,respectively(P 0.001).The 3-year disease-free survival rates of patients with LNR 1,LNR 2,LNR 3 and LNR 4 were 92.0%,61.5%,68.0% and 26.9%,respectively(P 0.001).Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the prognosis in LNR 1 + LNR 2 group was superior to LNR 3 + LNR 4 group(P 0.05).Cox proportional hazards regression analysis revealed that LNR was an independent significant factor in predicting 3-year overall and disease-free survival for CRC patients(P = 0.036).Conclusion The LNR is a major independent prognostic factor for the CRC patients with node-positive.


ABSTRACT Solar heating techniques were tested to enhance the dissipation of eight herbicides belonging to four different chemical families (phenylurea, triazine, dinitroaniline and diphenylether derivatives). Guano, vermicompost, green manure, and goat manure were used as biofumigants for biosolarization. In all experiments, the soil was covered with high-density polyethylene (HDPE) film along 60 d after treatment and the results were compared with control plots. A significant increase in the soil temperature from 2 to 6 °C was detected in solarized soils as compared to control plots being probably the direct hydrothermal effect the most important factor on herbicide degradation. The behaviour of herbicides in mulched soils presents a faster phase of disappearance (15 d) followed by a slower phase (15–60 d). The mean half-lives ranged from 98 d in control plots to 17 d in the solarized soil amended with goat excrements manure being isoproturon and trifluralin the more and the less persistent herbicides, respectively. In all cases, significant differences (p < 0.05) in the persistence were observed between control soil and solarized soils for all herbicides. Therefore, the use of solar heating techniques, especially biosolarization can be considered as an environmentally friendly tool to enhance herbicide disappearance from the soil. Abbreviations: Aclonifen (AF); Biosolarized soil (BS); Chlorotoluron (CL); Control soil (CS); Goat manure (GTM); Green manure (GRM); Guano (GAN); Half-life time (t½); High-density polyethylene (HDPE); Isoproturon (IR); Metribuzin (MZ); Organic amendment (OA); Organic matter (OM); Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD); Oxyfluorfen (OF); Pendimethalin (PL); Relative humidity (RH); Single first-order (SFO); Solarized soil (SS); Terbuthylazine (TZ); Trifluralin (TL); Vermicompost (VRC).


This article reports on a domain‐specific software development venture at Nordea. We explore organizational constraints, challenges, and corrective actions undertaken when scaling the agile development approach of their Core Banking Platform program. The fit and required customizations of the rather complex and rigid SAFe framework in a policy‐heavy financial institution are audited against the organic growth of the program. In a qualitative study with three cycles using the Action Research method, both organizational and technical restrictions were tackled jointly with the company employees. Thirty‐four potential solutions were developed—some of which turned out to be dead‐ends. Ultimately, the effectiveness of prior recommendations was tested in a highly challenging implementation environment, and the list of guidelines was extended. We discovered several meeting and collaboration schemes that are not fully aligned with previous reports.


▪ Abstract Geological investigations of major fault scarps ("tectonic windows") and DSDP/ODP Drill Holes provide direct views of the uppermost oceanic crust generated at fast- to intermediate-rate spreading centers. These areas reveal a consistent upper crustal structural geometry with basaltic lava flows defining a pattern of downward increasing ("inward") dip toward the spreading center at which they formed and dikes in the lavas and underlying sheeted dike complex showing a similar degree of "outward" dip. Widespread fracturing, faulting, and hydrothermal metamorphism accompanied magmatic construction. These geological relationships can be interpreted in terms of dramatic, asymmetrical, subaxial subsidence of upper crustal rock units that diminishes across the very narrow (few kilometers wide) zone of lava accumulation and dike intrusion at the ridge axis. This type of crustal structure is in accord with some existing models of spreading but augments these idealized views with more realistic geological...


The dynamic stability of an elastic column subjected to random or deterministic support motion is studied via the Liapunov method. The definitions of mean square stability and the related theorems are presented. Several criteria regarding the stability of the equilibrium state of the column are established. It is shown that if the static axial loading is less than the Euler critical load and the base acceleration is absolute integrable in the mean for random motion of the support or simply absolute integrable for deterministic motion of the base, the equilibrium state of the column is stable.


Abstract Plasma levels of the hormones insulin and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) were assessed as indices of growth for individual juvenile coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch. Smolts were tagged in April, introduced to seawater in May, and reared at two different feeding levels. Fish lengths and weights were obtained in June, August, September, and November. Plasma samples were obtained in September and November. There was a consistent, robust relation (over both feeding rates and sampling dates) between plasma IGF-I and the instantaneous growth in length of individual fish when growth was measured over a 6-week period. There was no consistent association between plasma insulin level and growth, size, or condition factor. Plasma IGF-I levels were also measured in postsmolt coho salmon captured in September from the Strait of Georgia and Puget Sound and were found to be similar to those in laboratory fish.


The concatenation of the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) linear precoder with an outer forward error correction (FEC) code at the transmitter is investigated in this paper. At the receiver side, the turbo detection is taken into account. It iteratively exchanges the extrinsic information between a soft-demapper and a FEC soft-decoder. We firstly propose a new precoder named FI1 designed from an extrinsic information transfer (EXIT) chart analysis. The proposed precoder aims to optimize the iterative receiver convergence by maximizing the ending point I1 of the soft-demapper EXIT function. For the sake of low-complexity, FI1 is designed for two data streams MIMO transmission with 4-QAM only. Secondly, to cope with the higher data streams transmission, a global b = 2K data streams system is split into K two data streams subsystems. FI1 is then applied at each subsystem. Finally, we propose a new algorithm to optimize the inter-subsystems power allocation by maximizing the I1 of the global system.


The pancreas fat content has been poorly investigated in essential hypertension. The authors aim to relate pancreas and liver fat content with parameters measuring insulin resistance, beta‐cell function and also with markers of endothelial dysfunction and platelet or endothelial cell destruction. The authors studied a group of 40 male hypertensive patients with well‐controlled blood pressure, maintaining a stable weight, and having not changed their medication during the last year. Pancreas fat content was correlated with HOMA‐IR (r = .616, p < .001), HOMA‐S (r = −.439, p < .005), beta cell function parameter (r = .457, p < .005), and QUICKI (r = .412, p < .01), whereas liver fat was not patients in the highest quartile of pancreas fat content had more circulating endothelial microparticles than patients in the other quartiles (median 129 [94.3–200] vs. 60.9 [49.4–88.8], p = .002). However, patients in the highest quartile of the pancreas fat content distribution did not differ from the lowest in hyperemic response after ischemia nor circulating platelet microparticles count. Liver fat content was not related to any of the parameters studied. In a multivariate stepwise binary logistic regression analysis (Wald Method) circulating endothelial microparticles remain significantly associated with pancreas fat content after adjusting for confounding factors, such as tobacco, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, or metabolic syndrome. Our results reflect that in essential hypertension, pancreas fat content is superior to liver fat to study beta‐cell functionality and insulin resistance. Moreover, the authors described for the first time that pancreas fat content is related to endothelial cell destruction. Further studies are needed to confirm this point.


The paper gives out an introduction to the evolution, benefits and development experience of CALS; makes a study of strict challenge of weaponry informative management in our country at present; makes an analysis of the feasibility and the necessary of implementing CALS in weaponry management according to Chinese military conditions; and provides the suggestions of paying attention to the weaponry management and strengthening its applications in our country. Improvements significance of weaponry application and maintenance efficiency to speed up military normalization establishment and increase military battle effectiveness are also described in the paper.


This panel presentation attempts to demystify the intricate and specialized Article 9 rules for taking and perfecting security interests in deposit accounts, commercial tort claims, and intellectual property.


Problems with mortgage financing are widely considered to be a major cause of the recent financial meltdown. Several modern programs have been designed to mimic the Home Owners' Loan Corporation of the 1930s. The HOLC replaced the toxic assets on the balance sheets of financial institutions by buying troubled mortgages and then refinanced the mortgages to allow home owners to avoid losing their homes. We analyze the impact of the HOLC on the nonfarm rental and owned home markets after developing a new data set for over 2800 counties in the United States. In counties with fewer than 50,000 people, where financial markets were not as well developed as in larger cities, the HOLC's financial interventions helped stimulate the demand for owned housing more than it influenced the supply. In rental markets the HOLC appears to have contributed to an increase in the supply of rental housing that was likely associated the improvement of the balance sheets of lending institutions.


Through the analysis of common mistake and its reason during the calculation of derivative of piecewise functions, we discuss how to teach the calculation of derivative of piecewise function. Some suggestions are also given in the paper.


The emergence in 1886-87 of the political conflict between freetrade and protection marked the beginning of a period of far-reaching change in the politics of New South Wales. The basic change that was initiated was the transit ion from unprincipled personal factions to modern principled political parties. Although this transition had not been completed by the end of 1891? the five years after 1886 wit nessed steady progress in the gradual evolution of the char acteristics of modern political parties. Sophisticated party structures were constructed; modern methods of elect oral management were formulated and put into operation; and the basic elements of the 'caucus system' of party discipline were introduced into the political system. Underlying all these developments was a new concern for political philos ophy and principle as the chief determinant of political act ion and behaviour, rep3.acing the 'old order' standards of personal prejudice and unprincipled opportunism. Political change, however, was neither smooth nor swift, and the residual strength and influence of 'old order' values and politicians acted to slow down the rate of change and to undermine its consolidation. Many of the changes and developments effected prior to 1892 proved insubstantial and short-lived. The most basic reason for this was the pres ence of deep-seated * principled disunity and doctrinal diss ension within each fiscal 'party*. Not until these destruct ive internal 'party' conflicts had been eradicated could pol itical change proceed smoothly and be permanently consolid ated. The creation of that principled cohesion basic to a true political party also depended upon the eradication of internal tension and disunity. At the end of 1891> this was still to be achieved.


The case for the use of biochar has seen much discussion over the last five years, with some in the organic movement and beyond making the case for its benefits enthusiastically. This is no surprise given the concept promises to add fertility and life to soil while simultaneously locking up carbon that would otherwise be emitted into the atmosphere. However, others are more cautious, and point to the many unanswered questions in relation to biochar that are worthy of further study before they can be answered with any certainty. In this piece the author argues that the organic movement would do well to heed the precautionary principle in relation to biochar before we jump in 'boots and all'. Dr Charles Merfield is head of Science and Extension at the Biological Husbandry Unit Organic Trust: see www.bhu.co.nz for details. His personal website is www.merfield.com


OBJECTIVE To investigate the drug resistance of nosocomial infection pathogens.METHODS The analysis of drug resistant pathogens isolated from all hospital infections from 2007 to 2009 was carried out.RESULTS The Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 64.4%,and the Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 24.6%,and the fungi accounted for 11.0%.The first place in the detection rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistant to imipenem was close to 16.0%(149 strains),and the second place of the detection rate of the ESBLs-producing Escherichia coli was 13.0%(121 strains) and the detection resistance rate of quinolone increased year by year.The detection rate of MRSA was 73.3%.Enterococcus faecium has shown high resistance to the majority of monitored antimicrobial agents.The detection rate of VRE was 5.2%.CONCLUSION The drug resistance of hospital infection pathogens is significant.Some important means to slow down the emergence and spread of drug resistant should be adopted,such as strengthening the monitoring of drug resistance,rational use of antimicrobial agents and improving the hand hygiene compliance of the medical staff.


The investigation of metal oxide/water interfaces at the molecular level represents a fundamental issue for the understanding of chemical, physical, and biological processes involved in several fields such as erosion, heterogeneous catalysis, prebiotic chemistry, corrosion, hygiene, or biocompatibility. In this context we have studied the mineral (101) γ-AlOOH (boehmite) surface/water interface by means of density functional theory based molecular dynamics (DFT-MD). Boehmite (101) is a stepped surface, covered with monocoordinated (μ1) OH groups placed at the step edge and dicoordinated (μ2) OH groups placed along the terraces. At the surface, the respective concentrations of different OH species are found as 0.48 μ2-OH + 0.26 μ1-OH2 + 0.24 μ1-OH + 0.02 μ2-OH2. We show that the interfacial water molecules are somehow frozen in specific orientations, with 60% having one proton pointing to the surface (water is a H-bond donor to the surface) and 40% with one proton directed away from the surface (water is a...


The national conditions should be taken into full account in the formulating of the language policy.Australia is the first English country that makes and implements multi-lingual and plural culture in the world.The formulation and implementation of its language policy have got high evaluation of linguists and politicians in the world.Studying Australian conditions and the development of its language policy has extremely important practical meaning to the formulation of Chinese language policy which is suitable to Chinese situation.


description based on various documentary materials (including archive documents) of Miliukov's formative years and, using him as an example, has illustrated the fate of the Russian liberal intelligentsia. She also has showed in extensive detail the development of Miliukov as a scholar. The book tells about the career of a historian and researcher which began brilliantly in the late 1880s. In a mere decade and a half at the turn of the century, Miliukov was already a mature professional, the prominent historian of his generation. Having published a number of major works on Russian history (Dumova gives a consistent and systematic description of their origin, content and significance), Miliukov became an internationally known figure. Already at the beginning of the twentieth century his magnum opus, Ocherki po istorii russkoi kul'tury (Essays on the History of Russian Culture) was translated in Germany and France, and later in England and the US. Dumova is correct in ending the first book at the eve of the 1905 Russian revolution. That moment marked a turning point in Miliukov's biography, the essence of which may be reduced to a short and imprecise formula: a disgraced historian and scholar became a political figure (par excellence). The two subsequent books of Dumova's trilogy, now in preparation, have the following subtitles: A Life in Politics (1905-1918) and A Life in Emigration (1919-1943). As was noted, Dumova has analyzed thoroughly the development of Miliukov's major works during the period under consideration. She has ample grounds for the statement that Miliukov's history studies "...reflected not only his scholarly interests, but also his political convictions." Dumova has described in less detail some significant works of Miliukov on the historiography and historiosophy of Russia, in particular, his most important historiographic work, Glaxmye techeniia russkoi istoricheskoi mysli (Main Currents of Russian Historical Thought). One hopes that in the two subsequent books (it is highly desirable, more than that, necessary, that they be published soon) Dumova will offset this shortcoming. As an incentive to do so, one might mention the fact that there have appeared new editions of Miliukov's works which chronologically surpass the boundaries of the period considered in the first book. The book is written in vivid and imaginative language and is easy to read. It undoubtedly will attract the attention not only of specialists but of general readers as well.


Collaboration between chemists and physicists has been essential in the history of scientific discovery. In order to make the discovery more convincible to the main stream of science,we have to have the theoretical prediction verified by the various independent experimental results. The splendid goal of nuclear energy without nuclear contamination has been the motivation of this untiring worldwide effort. The decisive steps are a self-sustaining reactor and the detection of the neutrino emission from the metal-hydrides(deuterides).


AbstractIn recent years, a variety of tools have been developed to assist in the analysis of flexible pavement service life in the United States. Although the output from many of the approaches is similar, each tool varies in the amount of testing effort, materials, and equipment necessary to arrive at the resulting predictions. Building upon the findings from research conducted in the National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Project 9-22B, this study focused on comparing flexible pavement performance predictions using three emerging analysis tools. One of the pavement analysis software packages, which considered the standard of, predicts performance in terms of incremental distresses and damage accumulation during a pavement's service life. The other two programs are performance-related specification (PRS) tools that predict pavement performance in terms of service life factors. Three different asphalt mixtures were evaluated including a conventional mixture and two unconventional mixtures m...


Abstract : The benefits of clustering organizations into types were discussed and a method for clustering life insurance agencies by climate profiles was presented. Clusters of life insurance agencies were identified on the basis of manager, assistant manager, and already-employed ('old') agents' climate perceptions. Agency success, including production of old agents, production ranking of agencies and success probability (turnover and production) of newly contracted agents, was examined in the different clusters. The effects of climate as a moderator of new agent aptitude - new agent performance relationships were also explored. For each agency success variable and in the moderator variable analyses, some differences between agency clusters were found. Implications of these results for a taxonomic approach to defining organizations, for research on organizational climate and for personnel selection practices were discussed. (Author)