Co-Interactive Table is a client-server system designed to facilitate collaborative tasks in any kind of meeting such as sharing information and files among the participants using simple, natural and intuitive gestures. We have used technology based on mobile devices and RFID to implement the system. The system is composed of panels (one per user) forming the interactive table. A projector connected to a PC updates instantly the information generated in the meeting such as notes, ideas and the specific information of each participant. All devices used in the meeting room are connected via Wi-Fi to the Co-Interactive Table server. This server is responsible for providing important web services that coordinate and control the system performance. Besides, the system offers the possibility of performing remote meetings without losing functionality. The Co-interactive table client application runs on mobile devices with RFID reader. The system can recognize the service required by the user with a gesture as simple and natural as bringing the mobile device near the interactive table to select the desired action.


Interaction between the lower mantle and core is essential for understanding the nature of D″ layer at the core‐mantle boundary (CMB). Here, we report the reaction between post‐perovskite (PPv) and metallic iron under the condition of the CMB, for example, 139 GPa and 3000 Kelvin. Analytical transmission electron microscope (ATEM) analysis revealed that significant amount of oxygen up to 6.3 weight percent (wt.%) and silicon up to 4.0 wt.% can be dissolved into molten iron. The dihedral angle between PPv and molten iron is 67 degrees. Thus, a small amount of core metal of about 2 volume percent (vol.%) can be trapped without separation in the PPv region at the CMB. The amount of core metal trapped by this mechanism can produce the isotopic signature of the outer core in the plume source at the base of the lower mantle.


CD4CD25Foxp3 regulatory T cells (Treg) are a small subset of CD4 T cells that are crucial in the maintenance of immunological self-tolerance as well as for the active regulation of pathogenic effector T cells in inflammatory responses and after allogeneic transplantation. Mouse and human Treg are characterized by the constitutive high and sustained co-expression of the interleukin (IL)-2 receptor a-chain (CD25), cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA4), and of the transcription factor forkhead box p3 (Foxp3). Besides being used as phenotypic markers to identify Treg, these molecules are critical for their development, homeostasis, and suppressive function. In particular, Foxp3 is a master regulator of Treg function as demonstrated in clinical and experimental conditions in which the gene was mutated, deleted or overexpressed [1,2]. Naturally occurring Treg are selected in the thymus (tTreg), but a subset of Treg can also be induced in vitro or in the periphery in vivo (pTreg) from conventional uncommitted CD4 T cells following antigenic stimulation in the presence of specific immunomodulatory molecules. However, as compared to tTreg, pTreg might represent a less stable lineage, in particular in inflammatory or lymphopenic conditions [3]. Indeed, while a peripheral microenvironment enriched in TGF-b and IL-2 favors pTreg differentiation, the presence of inflammatory cytokines (in particular IL-6) skews na€ıve CD4 T cells toward IL-17-producing T-helper (Th17) cells [4,5] and may even destabilize previously differentiated Treg. Moreover, Treg selected from adult peripheral blood were shown to be heterogeneous, containing a subset of apparently differentiated Treg that can downregulate Foxp3 expression and produce effector cytokines in the absence of TGF-b or in a lymphopenic environment [6]. As Foxp3 constitutes a lineage specification factor for Treg development and suppressive activity, it is critical to understand how its expression is regulated to ensure Treg stability [7]. The specific transcriptional program of Treg is initiated by antigenic stimulation via the T-cell receptor together with CD28 downstream signaling that induce a set of nuclear factors, including Foxp3, that assemble to repress


Test apparatus and method developed to measure ignition capability of percussion primers. Closely simulates actual conditions and interfaces encountered in such applications as in munitions and rocket motors. Ignitability-testing apparatus is small bomb instrumented with pressure transducers. Sizes, shapes, and positions of bomb components and materials under test selected to obtain quantitative data on ignition.


INTRODUCTION: Stroke by definition is a syndrome of rapidly devel oping clinical signs of focal disturbance of cerebral function with symptoms last ing 24 hours or longer or leading to death with no apparent cause other than vascular origin. Recent research has shown that an inflammatory reaction is triggered within the hour in the brain tissue injur ed by an ischemic stroke and continues in the days following the appearance of symptoms and that this reaction contributes to neuronal damage. Increased CRP levels are accepted as a sensitive but non-spec ific marker of the acute inflammatory conditions. Aim of the study : To study the hs CRP level in acute ischemic strok e and its association with short term prognosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS : Totally 52 patients admitted within 48 hours of o nset of first ischemic stroke were included in the study. The det ailed history regarding the risk factors like diabe tes, coronary artery disease, hypertension, hyperlipidae mia, smoking, and alcohol use were elicited from th e patient. Standard approved protocol was used for al l patients to measure the hs-CRP level. Analysis wa s done by Nephelometric method utilizing latex partic les coated with CRP monoclonal antibodies. CONCLUSION : The hs -CRP level is increased in all patients af ter acute ischemic stroke.The hs- CRP level strongly correlates with short term outcome i n patients after first ever ischemic stroke.


The experimental and numerical transitional interactions in hypersonic flow are studied. The experiments were performed on a hollow cylinder-flare model in the ONERA R2Ch wind tunnel at a Mach number of 5 and for varying stagnation pressure. Wall pressure and heat-flux measurements, laser Doppler velocimetry, pitot boundary-layer surveys, surface flow visualizations, and schlieren photographs provide a precise and complete description of the flowfield. In all of the cases examined here, grid-converged axisymmetric mathematical solutions of the problem were obtained by use of the two-dimensional numerical simulation, but it was found that these solutions do not fit experiments when the Reynolds number is increased. A purely three-dimensional organization of the flow then appears, characterized by the Gortler vortices. Two families of solutions were thus evidenced, and the precise calculation of the physical one remains a numerical challenge. The prediction of transition by use of stability calculations is only partly possible because the waves used do not have a sufficiently general form to model such a complex physical problem. New information on the true nature of what is commonly called a transition mechanism in this kind of flow is deduced from these results.


In order to improve the temperature and microstructure uniformity in the thickness direction of online‐quenching 960 MPa high strength steel, the finite element software ADINA and the experiments have been used to analyze the effect of internal air cooling on temperature variation in the thickness direction during the online quenching process. The results showed that the interval air cooling could effectively improve the uniformity of temperature, microstructure and hardness in the direction of thickness of steel plate during the online quenching process. When air cooled for 3.2 s, the temperature difference between the surface and the core of the steel plate could be reduced by 90.13 %, and the cooling rate in the core could be reduced by about 85.20 % compared with continuous water cooling condition. The hardness difference between the surface and the core could reduce from 23 HV 5 to 5 HV 5. The internal air cooling process had an influence on the matensite lath morphology compared with continuous water cooling process. The microstructures with the different cooling conditions were martensite and the properties could still meet the requirements of 960 MPa high strength steel.


In the beverages industry, the stabilizer and emulsifier were used to enhance the quality of Pink Guava Juice Drink (PGJD) in terms of colour, taste, and texture. Thus, the product is favourable and marketable. This study was conducted to find the best emulsifier combination for PGJD. The combination of six different stabilizers such as Guar gum (GG), Carboxyl methyl cellulose (CMC), Arabic gum (AG), Xanthan gum (XG), Propylene glycol alginate (PGA), and Pectin were applied to PGJD formulation. Meanwhile, about three emulsifiers which are Arabic gum (AG), Polysorbate 80 (P80), and Propylene glycol alginate (PGA) were used to emulsify vitamin E in PGJD. The ratio for both stabilizers and emulsifiers varied accordingly. The most stable and suitable combination of stabilizers and emulsifiers was later added to PGJD. The combination of XG and CMC at the concentration of 70:30 with 0.2% (w/v) was the best stabilizer. Meanwhile, P80 was found to be the best emulsifier at a concentration of 0.8% (w/v) and PGJD fortified with 225 mg of vitamin E was chosen as the most acceptable PGJ among panelists. This finding of the present study can be a guideline for beverage manufacturers in selecting the best stabilizers and emulsifiers.


Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), under the direction of the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), has completed a study of the spatial variation in the burnup and resulting source terms in high-burnup pressurized water reactor (PWR) and boiling water reactor (BWR) fuel. In the context of the present study, "source terms" refers to the nuclide concentrations, radionuclide activities, and decay energy release (decay heat) in the spent fuel, and does not apply to the released source terms.


Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health problem. It is reported that, globally, about 9 million people developed tuberculosis and about 1.5 million people died due to tuberculosis across the globe in 2013. Methods:  A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in the Rural Health Training Center, SRM Medical College to assess knowledge and practice regarding tuberculosis using a pretested Interview schedule. Adult population, who are residing in the field practice area were considered as study population. The study period was between August 2013 to February 2014. Results: A total of 246 study subjects were included in the final analysis with the majority of the participants to be between 21 to 40 years (39.40%). Cough and expectoration as symptom of TB was known to 82.5% of study subjects. Only 22.8% of the study subjects are aware of at least one extra pulmonary for of tuberculosis. The proportion of subjects with good overall knowledge about TB was highest in subjects aged 61 and above, lowest in 41 to 60-year age group. The proportion of subjects with good knowledge had gradually increased with increasing socio economic status. Conclusions:  Culture specific IEC interventions and their delivery mechanisms need to be designed, considering the highly heterogeneous nature of population in India.


Burgos, D. (2006). The European Network for Lifelong Competence Development. Presentation at the Professional Training Facts 2006 conference. November 15th, Stuttgart, Germany: TENCompetence. Retrieved November 20th, 2006, from http://dspace.learningnetworks.org


Silicon has a very broad spectrum of usage nowadays and it lies at the heart of much modern technology. It is the most abundant element in the earth's crust after oxygen. Indeed, it's use ranges fr ...


The invention relates to a preparation method of an epitaxial wafer, in particular to a preparation method of an inverse epitaxial wafer with an N type epitaxial layer prepared on a P type substrate. The method breaks through a preparation method which keeps temperature and hydrogen flow unchanged when the epitaxial wafer is prepared in the traditional process. The temperature inside a monolithic furnace is raised and the flow of hydrogen added to the monolithic furnace is increased when an intrinsic barrier layer is prepared so that a large quantity of system impurities are brought out of a reaction chamber, the system cleanliness is enhanced and the high resistivity of the intrinsic barrier layer is ensured, that is to say, the invention enables the grown intrinsic barrier layer to have higher purity and the external diffusion capacity of barrier substrate impurities to be higher.


Pre-implementation is one of the essential phases for enabling successful implementation of every project in organizations. This becomes more vital when for large-scale projects which bring into play the whole efficiency of an organization. Implementation of Enterprise resource planning systems is example of such projects which impose high costs and long durations of time on organizations. Reports from previous attempts elucidate that close to 70 percent of ERP implementations failed in their execution level. Therefore proposing a systematic approach for achieving a practical ERP will definitely assist its successful implementation. A functional method is to add one more stage called pre-implementation to the overall implementation process of ERP. For increasing efficiency and precision of this method, organization's environmental analytical tools such as CBR model could be utilized. CBR or Case Based Reasoning is a tool by which a new ERP implementation case is compared to previous successfully-implemented cases in order to model some decisions of the old case for the new target case. In this paper we propose a model through which we could plan for better implementation of ERP in organizations.


Titanium and its alloys are widely used as biomaterials and interact well with bone tissue. In order, to evaluate more than just morphological osseointegration by histological slides the work aimed to approach a molecular evaluation of bone-implant using lectinhistochemistry (LHC), which binds with high specificity carbohydrates (sugar residues) presents in membrane glycoproteins with the use of lectins. The implanted samples were obtained by powder metallurgy, Ti-13Nb-13Zr alloy with and without gelatin. Pores were achieved by adding gellatin 5 wt% to the hydrogenated metallic powder, after near net shape processing, the samples were thermal treated in vacuum (300 °C/90min) and sintered in high-vacuum (1150 °C/14h). The samples were characterized for porosity (~30%), and subsequently were implanted in rat's femur bone. After 4 weeks of healing process, bone with implant were sampled to perform LHC in paraffin embedded tissue in histological slides using the lectins PNA, UEA-1, WGA, sWGA and RCA-1. All samples osseointegrated well with the bone, no fibrous capsule was present in the bone which was in contact with the implant. With the molecular approach of osseointegration, adjustments in the processing and structure of macroporous titanium based implants can be performed to achieve friendly structure.


Objective To study the cytotoxicity of three adenosine analogues on different carcinoma cells. Methods Trypan blue dye exclusion assay was utilized to observe the effects of adenosine analogues on cell growth and proliferation. Flow cytometry was used to measure the cells cycle kinetics of the treated cells. Hoechst33258/PI double staining was performed to evaluate the cell morphology. Western blotting was conducted to analyze the expressions of p53, Bcl-2 and Bax. Results 2-ClAdo and 2-CldAdo had different cytotoxicities on the cells, while 2'-dAdo had no cytotoxicity on the cells. 2-CldAdo blocked the cell growth at the phase of S and G 2/M, while 2-ClAdo at the phase of G 0/G 1. 2-CldAdo mainly induced cell necrosis, while 2-ClAdo induced both cell necrosis and apoptosis. Down-regulated Bcl-2 expression and up-regulated p53 and Bax expression were associated with 2-ClAdo, while 2-CldAdo down-regulated Bcl-2 expression and up-regulated mildly p53 expression without any effect on Bax expression.Conclusions Adenosine analogues selectively inhibit cell growth and proliferation. 2-ClAdo and 2-CldAdo have different cytotoxicities on carcinoma cells, which associated with some apoptosis-related factors such as p53, Bcl-2 and Bax.


Over the course of three decades my understanding of Samoa has been profoundly affected by Robert Levy's seminal work on Tahiti. No influence on my thinking has been more compelling. In this article I pay tribute to Levy by tracing the influence of his ideas on my understanding of Samoan ethno-psychology.


Assume that observations are generated from the first‐order autoregressive (AR) model with linear time trend and the unknown model coefficients are estimated by least squares. This article develops an asymptotic expression for the mean squared prediction error (MSPE) of the least squares predictor in the presence of a unit root. As a by‐product, we also obtain a connection between the MSPE and the growth rate of the Fisher information. The key technical tool used to derive these results is the negative moment bound for the minimum eigenvalue of the normalized Fisher information matrix.


We report a case of 61-year-old male who presented with scleral abscess, an unusual complication following intravitreal bevacizumab and triamcinolone injection. Patient was presented with redness, pain, foreign body sensation, and swelling in left eye 1 week post-intravitreal injection for second opinion. We treated him with topical and oral antibiotics. In our case, the small, localized abscess was confined to the site of the intravitreal injection, required no surgical intervention, and resolved on oral and topical antibiotics. To the best of our knowledge, scleral abscess has not been reported in literature as complication post-intravitreal injection, hence we report this case.


Refuse-Derived Fuels (RDFs) are segregated forms of wastes obtained by a combined mechanical–biological processing of municipal solid wastes (MSWs). The narrower characteristics, e.g., high calorific value (18–24 MJ/kg), low moisture content (3–6%) and high volatile (77–84%) and carbon (47–56%) contents, make RDFs more suitable than MSWs for thermochemical valorization purposes. As a matter of fact, EU regulations encourage the use of RDF as a source of energy in the frameworks of sustainability and the circular economy. Pyrolysis and gasification are promising thermochemical processes for RDF treatment, since, compared to incineration, they ensure an increase in energy recovery efficiency, a reduction of pollutant emissions and the production of value-added products as chemical platforms or fuels. Despite the growing interest towards RDFs as feedstock, the literature on the thermochemical treatment of RDFs under pyrolysis and gasification conditions still appears to be limited. In this work, results on pyrolysis and gasification tests on a real RDF are reported and coupled with a detailed characterization of the gaseous, condensable and solid products. Pyrolysis tests have been performed in a tubular reactor up to three different final temperatures (550, 650 and 750 °C) while an air gasification test at 850 °C has been performed in a fluidized bed reactor using sand as the bed material. The results of the two thermochemical processes are analyzed in terms of yield, characteristics and quality of the products to highlight how the two thermochemical conversion processes can be used to accomplish waste-to-materials and waste-to-energy targets. The RDF gasification process leads to the production of a syngas with a H2/CO ratio of 0.51 and a tar concentration of 3.15 g/m3.


As common high precision inertial sensors, quartz flexible accelerometers have wide application prospect in many circumstances such as low cost inertial navigation systems. In order to quickly evaluate magnetic field distribution in air-gap of these accelerometers and provide an insightful knowledge for design optimization, we introduced an analytical method based on scalar magnetic potential to describe their magnetic behaviour. Some related Laplace and Poison equations are solved by separating variables and the parameters of the solutions are calculated by a set of linear vector equations considering boundary conditions. Magnetic field computed with the proposed analytical method is proved effective through finite element method and some preliminary experiments, additionally, the scale factor estimated can be validated by the gravitational field roll-over test.


That trajectories of variables in economic models can become chaotic when natural non-linearities are incorporated, and do so generically, is a fact well established in a great variety of contexts and, presumably, one that is well known. Its implications, however, for empirical modelling and policy analysis seem hardly to have been considered at all. In these remarks I want to suggest what some of these implications are and what they imply for our research agenda. To illustrate the central points at issue three alternative business-cycle models and their implications for monetary policy will be briefly described.


In this article we consider means of positive operators on a Hilbert space. We extend the theory of matrix power means to arbitrary operator means in the sense of Kubo-Ando. The basis of the extension is relying on ideas coming from differential geometry. We consider generalized Karcher equations for positive operators and show that such equations admit unique positive solutions that can be obtained as a limit of one-parameter families of operator means called induced operator means. These means are themselves unique fixed points of one parameter families of strict contractions induced, through Kubo-Ando theory of operator means, by semigroups of holomorphic functions mapping the upper half-plane into itself. These semigroups of holomorphic functions are considered with Koenigs function corresponding to Schroeder's functional equation. Koenigs function in this setting provides us with a logarithm map corresponding to every 2-variable operator mean. The semigroups of 2-variable means behave as geodesics and we exactly classify the cases when they are indeed geodesics of affinely connected manifolds, thereby providing the cases when these generalized Karcher equations are exactly Karcher equations in the geometric sense. This is achieved by studying the arising holonomy groups. The unique solutions of these generalized Karcher equations are called lambda extensions and have numerous desirable properties which are inherited from the induced operator means themselves.


The surface deformation is one of the available indicators for monitoring and analysis of the coalfield fire area.However,it is difficult to extract surface deformation in the coalfield area if serious decorrelation noise exists.Based on analyzing the surface deformation characteristics of the coalfield fire area and comparing a variety of SAR datasets,the authors chose L band ALOS PALSAR dataset to conduct a differential synthetic aperture radar interferometry processing.Interferometric fringe was calculated for estimating the accurate baseline.The adaptive filter method was used to eliminate decorrelation noise after generating interferogram.Then surface deformation in the coal mine fire zone was extracted after two processes,i.e.,flattening and topography phase removal.It is found that surface deformation is correlated with the coal spontaneous combustion zone to some extent,as evidenced by past in situ investigation and data analysis.The surface deformation analysis is helpful to confirming the situation of the underground coal fire burning.The on-site verification proves that detecting surface deformation of the underground coal spontaneous combustion zone by D-InSAR is acceptable.


Abstract: We have begun to identify and characterize brain protease activities separated by and assayed in substrate‐con‐taining polyacrylamide gels. In the present report, we focus on four proteolytic activities identified from rat brain that are dependent on micromolar and millimolar Ca2+ concentrations for activity. In contrast to the previously described Ca2+‐dependent neutral cysteine proteases (calpains), all four activities appear to be metalloproteases based on their inhibition by EDTA, EGTA, and 1,10‐o‐phenanthroline, but not by blockers of serine, cysteine, or aspartic proteases. In the presence of excess Ca2+ and the Zn2+‐chelating inhibitor 1,10‐o‐phenanthroline, activity of the enzymes was reconstituted by addition of lower concentrations of Zn2+, and inhibited by higher Zn2+ concentrations. The four metalloproteases were designated MP‐112, MP‐92, MP‐70, and MP‐65 on the basis of their apparent molecular masses in kilodaltons. MP‐70, the major activity detected, had an apparent Kact for Ca2+ > 100 μM versus 10‐25 μM for MP‐65 and 50‐100 μM for MP‐92. MP‐112 was a minor activity for which Ca2+ activation levels were not determined. MP‐112, MP‐70, and MP‐65 were similar in being most active in the soluble fraction of 7‐day neonate forebrain. In contrast, MP‐92 activity was highest in the particulate fraction of adult forebrain. About half of the MP‐92 activity and lower levels of the other three activities were still detectable in particulate fractions after detergent extraction of membrane, suggesting an association with cytoskeletal or other structural proteins. These results indicate the presence in CNS of a class of Ca2+‐dependent proteases that are distinct from the previously described cal‐pains, and that may be important in Ca2+‐mediated neural events.


We have used the Fourier cross spectra of GRO J1719-24, obtained with BATSE, to estimate the phase lags between the X-ray flux variations in the 20-50 and 50-100 keV energy bands as a function of Fourier frequency in the interval 0.002-0.488 Hz. Our analysis covers the entire ~80 day X-ray outburst of this black hole candidate, following the first X-ray detection on 1993 September 25. The X-ray variations in the 50-100 keV band lag those in the 20-50 keV energy band by an approximately constant phase difference of 0.072 ± 0.010 rad in the frequency interval 0.02-0.20 Hz. The peak phase lags in the interval 0.02-0.20 Hz are about twice those of Cyg X-1 and GRO J0422+32. These results are consistent with models for Comptonization regions composed of extended nonuniform clouds around the central source.


In this study of rural Texas communities, we identify different discursive manifestations of contradictions (DMCs): historically forming disturbances in or long-forming societal tensions that develop in relatively durable activity systems. We contrast C2, which had the highest number of DMCs in our study, to C1, which had the lowest. Based on a detailed analysis of these DMCs, we argue that the high number in C2's interviews reflects C2's readiness to recognize each others' interests and deliberate about a shared future. This analysis suggests that DMCs can help professional communicators to productively analyze discourse to diagnose community concerns—a starting point for constructive community dialogue.


In the classical (Drude) theory of the reflection and transmission of light at a metal surface, the component of electric intensity perpendicular to the surface is discontinuous there, the remaining components of the field vectors being continuous. In a more detailed description the interaction of the light with the metal is expressed as scattering by the conduction electrons according to quantum theory. Those components of the field vectors which were continuous in the classical theory retain very approximately their values in that theory. The electric intensity perpendicular to the surface, though given approximately elsewhere by the classical theory, fluctuates widely within a few electron wavelengths of the surface. If this fluctuating field is used to calculate the surface photoelectric effect by Mitchell's method, the agreement of his result for a clean potassium surface with observation is improved. To a first approximation, the new theory predicts that the frequency at the peak of the spectral distribution curve for a clean surface of a metal depends only on the number $N$ of free electrons per unit volume and for different metals varies approximately as ${N}^{\frac{5}{9}}$; although the experimental results are uncertain, this is roughly the case. No calculations have been made for sensitized surfaces, but arguments based on the use of the Drude form seem to be precarious.


PURPOSE
To describe key developments of optical biometry and optical coherence tomography (OCT) for ophthalmic applications made by one of the pioneering research groups.

METHODS
Partial coherence interferometry (PCI) as the basic ranging technology for modern optical biometry and for OCT was introduced for biomedical applications in the 1980s. Later, Fourier domain (FD) OCT was introduced and demonstrated to provide superior sensitivity as compared to time domain OCT. Further developments comprised ultrahigh-resolution OCT and deep-penetration OCT at wavelengths of approximately 1050 nm. Important functional extensions comprise Doppler OCT/OCT angiography, polarization-sensitive OCT, and adaptive optics OCT.

RESULTS
High-precision PCI biometry has found extensive applications in cataract surgery and in research on intraocular lens design. Optical coherence tomography, especially in the second-generation variant of FD OCT, is now indispensable for ocular diagnostics in general and for retinal diagnostics in particular; 1050 nm OCT shows improved penetration into deeper layers like the choroid.

CONCLUSIONS
The contributions of the Vienna research group helped to establish PCI biometry and FD OCT as the gold standards in their respective fields.


This study discusses the characteristics of the resonant and non-resonant inductive power transfer (IPT) systems based on planar spiral coils. The transfer function and frequency response of the resonant and non-resonant IPT systems are derived. The experimental results under varied air gap, load, and input voltage are presented to validate the performances of the resonant and non-resonant IPT systems. Compared with the resonant IPT systems, the non-resonant IPT system exhibits constant output voltage regardless varied load and switching frequency.


This paper aims to investigate the relationship between the use of information technology in organizations and its impact on the performance of human resource management in terms of their functions, and organizational performance in general. The performance of HRM functions as a mediating variable between the Use of IT and the organizational performance. The hypothesis is: When IT is used in organizations, the HRM functions will be converted to electronic HR and will aff ect positively the performance of HRM function which leads to increased organizational performance.


Rolling element bearings become worn and eventually fail by developing surface defects, such as spalls, dents and pits. Researchers have developed many methods to detect and estimate the size of defects in rolling element bearings. However, these methods do have limitations, such as when a defect with a circumferential length that is larger than the separation angle of the rolling elements cannot be distinguished from a smaller defect, and they cannot be located on the contact surfaces. This work presents a method to detect and locate defects in an operational bearing as it degrades over time, using the time delay between signals from several acoustic emission sensors. Experiments involved putting abrasive garnet into the bearing grease to accelerate the failure of the bearing, which could occur in practice from a defective seal.


The Brief Centrality of the Event Scale developed by Dorthe Berntsen and Donald Rubin (2006) represents one of the most relevant scales to assess the centrality of traumatic events within identity development. In this respect, in cases where memories of traumas are central to the organization of experiences, they tend to give meaning to other ISBN 978-950-34-1601-3


Gaining additional knowledge of sawing methods that produce sawn boards with a radial grain is a significant problem today because such methods are rarely used. The current technology in Croatian sawmills is adapted to the standard live and cant sawing methods. Experimental in-mill sawing studies designed to monitor yield are subject to financial and technological restrictions. Therefore, simulated sawing is often required. This research presents the calculation method used to formulate a mathematical model that simulates sawing. The objective was to produce as many radial sawn boards as possible.


The vehicle front portion structure for a vehicle (10), comprising: a suspension member (14), which is integrally assembled to the vehicle body; a first arm member (16), which connects a suspension member (14) to the wheel assembly (24); and a second arm member (18), which suspension member (14) is connected to a first arm member (16). The front portion of the vehicle structure (10) comprises a projecting portion (36A), said convex portion side sill constituting the suspension member (14) (36) is located for the first arm member (16) connecting portion (22) and between the connecting portion (28) for a second arm member (18), and is configured to abut the second arm member (18) due to the collision of the front portion associated with the vehicle due to input access deformed.


The earliest documented account of transgender people is in the Ramayana: a sacred Indian text written around 5 BCE. When King Rama left for his 14-year exile to the forest, he told his subjects who followed him not to mourn and asked all men and women to go back. On his return, after 14 years, he found transgender people where he had left them as he had asked only 'men and women' to return. Impressed by their devotion, he granted them the boon to bless people. To this day, transgender people in India sing, dance and offer blessings on auspicious occasions.


A rapid and efficient approach to 3-arylated indenes by reactions of indenes with unactivated fluoroarenes with the assistance of lithium diisopropylamide and hexamethylphosphoramide at room temperature was developed.


The sustainability of sports training camps is studied in terms of accommodation  team  travel agent relationships in Hirano District, Yamanakako Village, Yamanashi Prefecture. Relationships among the abovementioned three factors involved in sports training camps in Hirano are analyzed using reservation methods, which are divided into two types: reservations through travel agents and direct reservations with accommodation facilities in Hirano. Intermediaries are divided into two types: travel agents with links to sports training camps and those with links to teachers handling school club activities. Historically, travel agents have been important intermediaries in Hirano: in the 1950s, a young man managing accommodation for those coming to Hirano for fishing established travel agents in Tokyo in order to attract teams to a tennis training camp, leading to the development of Hirano as a tennis training camp area. Regional condi-tions in Hirano, geographical accessibility to the Tokyo metropolitan area, cool summer climate, and accommodation and sports training facilities all contribute to attracting sports teams for a first-time visit. At the same time, travel agents in Tokyo play an important role in attracting not only new guests but also repeat visitors. Thus, trust and cooperation between travel agents and accommodation facilities or teams is of critical importance. Repeat visits through travel agents are based on interdependence and cooperation between accommodation facilities and travel agents for regular visits by teams, as well as trust between travel agents and teams based on the travel agents' sales methods. On the other hand, repeat visits with direct reservations are seen to be based on cooperation between teams and accommodation facilities to facilitate adjustments before training camps are held. In conclusion, there is a strong sense of interdependence, trust, and cooperation among accommodation


Recently, 3D virtual endoscopy has been used as an alternative noninvasive procedure for visualization of a hollow organ. In this paper, we propose a fast volume rendering scheme based on perspective ray casting for virtual endoscopy. As a pre-processing step, the algorithm divides a volume into hierarchical blocks and classifies them into opaque or transparent blocks. Then, the rendering procedure is as follows. In the first step, we perform ray casting only for sub-sampled pixels on the image plane, and determine their pixel values and depth information. In the second step, by reducing the sub-sampling factor by half, we repeat ray casting for newly added pixels, and their pixel values and depth information are determined. Here, the previously obtained depth information is utilized to reduce the processing time. This step is performed recursively until the full-size rendering image is acquired. Experiments conducted on a PC shows that the proposed algorithm can reduce the rendering time by 70-80% for the bronchus and colon endoscopy, compared with the brute-force ray casting scheme. Thereby, interactive rendering becomes more realizable in a PC environment without any specific hardware.


On the basis of serum immunoglobulin levels it has been suggested (NEJM, 293:8, 1975) that INS is caused by an immunologic defect similar to dysgammaglobulinemia with elevated IgM (DYS-M). We therefore compared the in vitro immunoglobulin production of pokeweed mitogen stimulated blood lymphocytes from 7 patients with INS (biopsy or a compatible clinical course) and 2 with DYS-M. All patients with INS were in relapse but had not taken immunosuppressants for the previous 6 months. Serum IgG was low in 6/7 patients with INS, but IgA was normal in all and IgM elevated in only one. Patients with DYS-M had low serum IgG, absent IgA but normal or high IgM. The in vitro immunoglobulin synthesis results were (x ± S.D.):Patients with DYS-M but not INS produced significantly (p<.05) less immunoglobulins of each class than did normals. No suppressor cells were demonstrated. These results indicate that patients with INS do not have the same immunologic defect as patients with DYS-M. The role of soluble inhibitors of synthesis or increased catabolism in the reduction of serum IgG levels remains unknown.


Periprosthetic femur fractures are complex problems. Its incidence is reported to be increasing with the increasing number of total hip replacements. Treatment recommendations are based upon the fracture location and implant fixation stability. Despite improvements in fixation and surgical techniques, clinical outcome remains suboptimal. This review focuses on the discussion of periprosthetic femur fractures around a total hip replacement.


Interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) and tumour necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) are potent bone resorbing cytokines that may contribute to the development of the osteolytic bone disease observed in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). Although these factors have been identified in cultures of bone marrow mononuclear cells isolated from patients, the identity of the cells responsible for producing IL‐1β and TNFα remains unclear. Using a sensitive dual‐colour fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique and a two‐colour immunofluorescence method we have investigated the expression of the mRNA and protein, for IL‐1β and TNFα, by individual bone marrow plasma cells from patients with MM and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). The mRNA for IL‐1β and TNFα was identified in all cells expressing the immunoglobulin light chain from all patients with MM and MGUS. However, the IL‐1β protein could not be detected in cytoplasmic light chain positive cells in any of the patients examined. In contrast, the TNFα protein was detected in clonal plasma cells from patients with both MM and MGUS. Interestingly, the IL‐1β and TNFα mRNA and proteins were readily detected within a small proportion of the non‐plasma cells from patients with both MM and MGUS. These data suggest that myeloma cells in vivo are able to produce TNFα but not IL‐1β. In addition, a small proportion of accessory cells are likely to be able to contribute to the production of both IL‐1β and TNFα.


A mathematical convolution technique that provides simple, rapid detection of ion transport events when applied to the analysis of biological membrane conductance measurements is described. The method offers several advantages over the usual method of threshold detection. These advantages include the ability to detect multiple channel events and selectively remove possible false events whilst using a fast and simple to implement algorithm.


The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of gold prices on profit achievement at PT Pengadaian (Persero) Maros Branch, South Sulawesi. This type of research is quantitative in nature explanatory. The population is the financial statements, and the sample is the profit and loss of PT. Pegadaian Maros Branch during the period 2018 - 2022. The data analysis technique used is simple linear regression with the help of the SPSS program. The results showed that the price of gold had a positive and significant effect on the profit achievement of PT. Pegadaian (Persero) Maros Branch South Sulawesi. This means that the price of gold is able to make a significant contribution to the achievement of the profit of PT. Pegadaian (Persero) Maros Branch South Sulawesi. Given the gold price factor that greatly affects the achievement of profit, PT. Pegadaian Maros Branch Sul-Sel needs to pay attention to pricing activities that will be carried out so that consumers and potential consumers / buyers know and understand the ups and downs of gold prices in PT. Pegadaian Maros Branch so as to increase the achievement of future profits.


To determine the diffusion coefficient of a gas in a liquid the usual procedure is to expose the liquid interface for a period of time, measure the amount of gas absorption, and from this infer the diffusion coefficient. The usual assumption to make at the liquid–gas interface is that equilibrium is established immediately upon exposure of the liquid to the gas. This assumption has led to the illogical consequence of the inferred diffusion coefficient depending upon the period of time for which the liquid interface is exposed to the gas. We use the Einstein expression for the probability of a transition in a system to derive an expression for the rate of gas absorption. When this derived rate is used to infer the diffusion coefficient, the same value is found from experimental techniques with extreme values of the exposure time. The accuracy of the predicted gas absorption rate supports the view that the Einstein relation is not limited to predicting fluctuations about an equilibrium state.


BACKGROUND
Among patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) is a cardiac protective factor. In contrast, body mass index (BMI) is inversely related to mortality, and this is known as the obesity-mortality paradox. The relationship of HDL-C and BMI to mortality, however, has not been clarified well. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of HDL-C and BMI on mortality among CAD patients.

METHODS AND RESULTS
A cohort of 1,114 angiographic CAD patients from the ET-CHD registry during 1997-2003 in Taiwan was studied. The subjects were categorized into 4 groups according to BMI ≥ 25 kg/m(2) (overweight/obese) or BMI <25 kg/m(2) (normal/underweight), and HDL-C higher or lower than the median of 40 mg/dl in men and 45 mg/dl in women. At a mean follow-up of 5.3 years, cardiac and all-cause death were the primary endpoints. On multivariate analysis, low HDL-C predicted higher cardiac and all-cause mortality in normal/underweight patients (hazard ratio [HR], 1.59; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.08-2.33; and 1.65, 95% CI: 1.25-2.19, respectively). In contrast, high BMI predicted lower cardiac and all-cause mortality in patients with low HDL-C (HR, 0.78; 95% CI: 0.54-1.14; and 0.66, 95% CI: 0.49-0.88, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS
Among CAD patients in Taiwan, those with low HDL-C and normal/underweight had higher risk of mortality.


We consider a bilayer quantum Hall system at total filling fraction n =2 in tilted magnetic field allowing for charge imbalance as well as tunneling between the two layers. Using an "unrestricted Hartree Fock," previously discussed by Burkov and MacDonald [ Phys. Rev. B 66 , 115323 ( 2002 )] , we examine the zero-temperature global phase diagrams that would be accessed experimentally by changing the in-plane field and the bias voltage between the layers while keeping the tunneling between the two layers fixed. In accordance with previous work, we find symmetric and ferromagnetic phases as well as a first-order transition between two canted phases with spontaneously broken U ( 1 ) symmetry. We find that these two canted phases are topologically connected in the phase diagram and, reminiscent of a first-order liquid-gas transition, the first-order transition line between these two phases ends in a quantum critical point. We develop a physical picture of these two phases and describe in detail the physics of the transition.


Our knowledge of Giga-electron volt (GeV) radio galaxies has been revolutionized by the Fermi-LAT Telescope, which provides an excellent opportunity to study the physical properties of GeV radio galaxies. According to the radio power and morphology, radio galaxies can be separated into Fanaroff–Riley Type I radio galaxies (FR-Is) and Type II radio galaxies (FR-IIs). In this paper, we consider the unification of FR-Is and BL Lacertae objects (BL Lacs), and assume FR-Is to be a standard candle to discuss the beaming effect for Fermi-LAT-detected FR-Is. Our main conclusions are as follows: (1) The estimated Doppler factors for 30 Fermi-LAT-detected FR-Is are in a range of δ I = 0.88 − 7.49. The average Doppler factor (〈δ I〉 = 2.56 ± 0.30) of the 30 FR-Is is smaller than that (〈δ BL〉 = 10.28 ± 2.03) of the 126 Fermi-LAT-detected BL Lacs, supporting the unification model that FR-Is are regarded as the misaligned BL Lacs with smaller Doppler factors; (2) We propose that different regions of FR-Is in the plot of the γ-ray luminosity against the photon spectral index (logLγ–αph) may indicate the different beaming effects; (3) The average Doppler factor of the 6 TeV FR-Is is similar to that of the 24 non-TeV FR-Is, which implies that the difference between the TeV and GeV emissions is not driven by the beaming effect in the Fermi-LAT-detected FR-I samples.


Addition of either kinetin or abscisic acid (ABA) to the root medium of tobacco plants grown in culture solution greatly modified their response to different types of root stresses that were applied 48 hr after the addition of the hormones.


In connection with the request for DVENET, the design principle for DVENET DIS/HLA Gateway is discussed based on analysis of the various implement ways for the DIS/HLA gateway in this paper. The detailed design analysis of gateway structure , the design of federation object model and the connection between gateway and RTI are given.


To provide a lighting device capable of simplifying a structure and reducing a load to structural components such as a circuit board and a circuit element or the like, and a projector. The lighting device 6 lights up a discharge lamp by supplying power to an electrode E of the discharge lamp. The lighting device 6 is provided with a pulse generating circuit 64 for generating high voltage pulses and impressing the high voltage pulses on the electrode of the discharge lamp. The pulse generating circuit 64 is provided with an inductor (a secondary winding 6422 of a transformer 642) of which the output terminal is connected with the electrode of the discharge lamp through a lead wire, and capacitors 643, 644 which are connected to the output terminal in series and make a current to be impressed on the electrode E to generate free vibration together with the inductor.


Interpersonal communication is the starting point and the only way for individual's socialization.Middle school students' social interaction mainly refers to communication with peer groups,teachers,parents,and network.It has an important influence on the growth of the teenagers who are to deal correctly with the relationship between different groups.This study reveals the situation of middle school students' interpersonal relationships from different perspectives,including high school students' self-perception of the present situation,different communication characteristics when faced with the different objects,conflict cognition in the interaction and so on.Finally it puts forward four countermeasures: building positive cognition of communication,highlighting students' right to speak,guiding moral education of network communication,and upbringing democratization.


We have investigated the relationship between the expression of the p47‐phox and p67‐phox cytosolic components of the NADPH oxidase and priming of the macrophage respiratory burst. Western blot analysis revealed that murine bone marrow‐derived macrophages (BMM) contain immunoreactive proteins detected by antisera raised against recombinant human p47‐phox and p67‐phox. Priming BMM by exposure to tumor necrosis factor or (TNF‐α) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) increased the levels of p47‐phox and p67‐phox. Colony‐stimulating factor 1 (CSF‐1), which we previously found to have a negative effect on the priming of murine macrophages, had no effect on the level of p47‐phox but down‐regulated that of p67‐phox. Our results suggest that the regulatory effects of LPS, TNF‐α, and CSF‐1 on the respiratory burst of BMM may be due to modulation of the expression of the p47‐phox and p67‐phox cytosolic components of the NADPH oxidase. J. Leukoc. Biol. 55: 530–535; 1994.


In video-judging,we can't get the undershoot exactly because the target lost frequently.By the use of multi-sen-sor,we can get various images.In this paper,The variety of multi-sensor images has been used by video-judging.So in the observing equipment with multi-sensor,image fusion method aims at multi-source image information of different sen-sors,used by the collection and integration of the image information,to get more accurate,comprehensive,reliable de-scription,so as to local the target exactly and judge normally when the target of one sensor lost.


The analysis of transients in intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]) has a long and – unfortunately – not so bright history. Although it was recognized early on that Ca2+-indicator dyes act as Ca2+ buffers and distort the dynamical aspects of [Ca2+] transients (Timmerman & Ashley, 1986), this was largely neglected in the relevant literature. Researchers got away with ignoring such distortions, because of a peculiar property of Ca2+ buffers with respect to rapid [Ca2+] transients induced by action potentials: buffers reduce the amplitudes of such transients, but at the same time lengthen them by about the same factor. Therefore, the area under transients (or the integral over the deviation in [Ca2+] throughout the transient) is unchanged by buffers. Consequently, any Ca2+-sensing effector process is unaffected by their presence, provided that it is linear in [Ca2+] (Neher, 1998). However, many processes in biology are non-linear, which means that quite often the details of the [Ca2+] signal are relevant. The paper by Aponte et al. (2008) in this issue of The Journal of Physiology is an excellent example of a growing list of studies, in which investigators have made serious and successful attempts to measure unperturbed Ca2+ signals. Not surprisingly, it turned out that the signals reveal detail and allow conclusions about roles of [Ca2+] in synaptic transmission that go far beyond those seen with normal (i.e. distorted) Ca2+ imaging.

Early work on several types of neurons and chromaffin cells was restricted to measurement of [Ca2+] by fura-2, a high-affinity Ca2+ buffer. When such a dye is infused into cells via patch pipettes the endogenous properties of cells are overridden by the buffering action of the dye, but they can be estimated by extrapolation of a concentration series to zero buffer concentration (Neher & Augustine, 1992; Helmchen et al. 1997; Lee et al. 2000). Using this approach, the buffering ratio (i.e. the incremental ratio of bound Ca2+ to free Ca2+) of the cytoplasm of several cell types was found to be 40 or somewhat larger (see Neher, 1995 for review of early work). Fura-2 at 100 μm, which is often considered to be a low concentration of indicator dye, has a buffering ratio of approximately 330 at low [Ca2+]. Therefore, the buffering by the indicator dye dominates the Ca2+ dynamics; in fact, a Ca2+ transient following an action potential is attenuated by the dye by almost a factor of 10. More recently, low-affinity indicator dyes have become available, allowing researchers to better match the affinity of the dye to the amplitude of the expected signal (The Handbook, Invitrogen; http://probes.invitrogen.com/handbook/). Thus, complications by saturation of the dye are avoided and buffering effects of the indicator dye can be minimized.

In their current study (this issue) Aponte et al. first used fura-2 to carefully estimate the endogenous buffering ratio (κs) in apical dendrites of fast spiking hippocampal basket cells. They found a relatively large value of 202, meaning that upon the entry of 203 Ca2+ ions, 202 will be bound to endogenous Ca2+-binding sites and 1 will remain free. By extrapolation to zero fura-2 concentration they found the [Ca2+] increment during an action potential (AP) to be 43 nm and the unperturbed decay time constant of that signal to be 360 ms. The high value of κs made it relatively easy to also measure these properties directly, since the low-affinity dye fura-FF at 100 μm concentration has a Ca2+-binding ratio of only 24. Analysing averages from 10 single AP responses, Aponte et al. arrived at a peak excursion value of 39 nm for a single AP, which appropriately is about 10% lower than the value obtained by extrapolation. The [Ca2+] increment increased linearly with the number of action potentials for short high-frequency trains, while during intense stimulation [Ca2+] signalling was shifted into a non-linear range. The relatively long duration of the transient was implied to set the time window for coincidence detection during LTP.

In contrast, a recent study on the calyx of Held (a giant, calyx-like nerve terminal in the brainstem) showed large transients and quite non-linear behaviour, even at the single-spike level (Muller et al. 2007). The calyx has a low intrinsic buffering ratio of 40, AP-induced Ca2+ transients of 400 nm, and a biphasic decay of the Ca2+ transient, which is governed both by Ca2+-removal mechanisms and by slow binding of Ca2+ to the Ca2+-binding protein parvalbumin. This decay correlates with a rapid decay of paired-pulse facilitation (see also Atluri & Regehr, 1996; Caillard et al. 2000). However, these properties can be observed only when extreme care is taken not to override the intrinsic buffers by the dye and not to 'washout' endogenous mobile buffers by diffusional loss through the patch pipette.

Both recent studies, discussed here, stress the importance of a subtler handling of Ca2+ signals. Only when care is taken not to overwhelm the cell by Ca2+ buffering of indicators can one reveal important dynamic aspects, which govern the kinetics of paired-pulse synaptic facilitation or the fine-tuning of LTP induction.


Taking the advanced design course Oracle experiment of the computer science of the non-government-run colleges as the research object, this paper mainly discusses the design features of the experiment course of computer science of the non-government-run colleges and universities. Practical computer talents with professional difficulty and practical ability are designed according to the ability of the computer majors of the non-government-run colleges and universities.


The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between manager's leadership style and employee job satisfaction in Beijing computer software companies. Specifically, this research identified how the authoritarian, benevolent, or moral leadership style measured by Paternalistic Leadership Scale (PLS) relates to employees' satisfaction with work, pay, opportunities for promotion, supervision, coworkers, and the job in general as measured by Job Descriptive Index (JDI) and demographic characteristics including gender, age, educational background, and work experience.
Survey packages containing the PLS, the JDI, and a demographic questionnaire were distributed to 200 managers and employees who had worked at least 6 months in 10 selected Beijing computer software companies. Of these surveys, 107 survey packages (53.50%) were returned and 103 were valid including 19 managers and 84 employees. Descriptive and inferential statistical techniques, including means, frequencies, percentages, Cronbach alpha coefficients, Chi-Square Goodness of Fit test, Simple and Canonical Correlation, Pearson Chi-Square Test of Independence were used for analysis by using SPSS. The .05 level of statistical significance was set for all the statistical computation.
The results indicated that moral leadership was perceived as the dominant leadership style in the 10 Beijing computer software companies, and benevolent leadership was perceived as the least significant one. The finding of this study revealed that the level of employees' job satisfaction in Beijing computer software companies was high on the six factors of Job Descriptive Index (JDI). Specifically, the employees were very satisfied with their current jobs on work, pay, supervision, coworker, and job in general. The only factor of job satisfaction at medium level was satisfaction with opportunities for promotion. The perceptions of moral and benevolent leadership showed strongest correlation with satisfaction with opportunities for promotion in both Pearson and canonical correlations. Perception of authoritarian leadership was negatively correlated with satisfaction with both supervision and coworker in both Pearson and canonical correlations. Perception of moral leadership correlated with the most satisfaction factors.


Yeasts were isolated from all of 100 patients with generalized simple or granular denture stomatitis. Cultures on agar models of the upper denture and the palate and direct microscopic examination of denture and tissue smears demonstrated that the largest quantities of fungi reside on the fitting surface of the denture. Eight different yeasts species were identified, of which Candida albicans and Torulopsis glabrata were the most frequent.


The Bank of Academic Credits( BAC) is an important measure and effective method in the process of constructing lifelong learning system and learning society. It can provide important support for building a lifelong learning overpass. To speed BAC construction is one of the important actions for Radio and TV University strategically transferring into Open University. The Branch BAC of Jiangsu lifelong learning has done some researches,trials and practices on learners register,system organization, academic credits management and academic credits transfer,and has met problems in the development as well. Establishing norms and developing platforms are the focuses of promoting the provincial BAC construction.


Using the snow pear as raw materials,the effect of different color fixatives(Vitamin C,NaHSO3,citric acid)on color of pear juice were studied. And the influences of clarifying agent(pectic enzyme,PVPP,chitosan)on charity of pear juice were investigated by orthogonal test. The results showed that browning of fruit juice was inhibited significantly soaking in 0.8g/L Vitamin C,5g/L citric acid and 0.2g/L NaHSO3 during snow pear processing. The suitable clarification technology was that snow pear juice were treated by 0.2mL/L pectic enzyme,0.3g/L PVPP and 0.4g/L chitosan in raw snow pear juice.


One of the development trends of protected horticulture is to increase the production area, which can save material, lower construction cost and improve culture effects. Farmers can't afford to build multi-span constructed mainly by steel because of high cost. Based on the reality of countryside and cultivation habit, we design wide-span plastic greenhouse constructed by bamboo. It's span is 20m, length 100m , the production area of single plastic tunnel greenhouse 2000m2 and the construction cost 5384 yuan/hm2. Under the condition of single layer, the harvesting period can last till the last ten days of November and the safe transplanting period is during the middle ten days of March. The air and 10cm soil temperature are enhanced 1~2℃ in plastic greenhouse with simple thermal screen compared with single layer plastic greenhouse.


During a mass survey for coronary heart disease in Tromsö, Norway, in 1974, 385 men aged 20 to 50 from one particular electoral district completed an additional questionnaire concerning the intake of vitamin D from all sources (natural food, fortified food and vitamin D preparations). The average daily intake of vitamin D during the preceding 12 months was later related to the respective serum cholesterol levels. For the whole material, no association was found. When the men were grouped according to vitamin D intake above and below 2.5 μg and serum cholesterol levels above or below 250 mg%, a significant relationship appeared (using Yates's correction χ2=10.3, P=0.0013 and the correlation coefficient 0.001


Production of femJ transport Merak-Bakauheni from year to year has increased, especially for autonwbiles- 4, but for lowering the passenger experience related to government polia; in 2005, which is to charge on both passenger and goods z:ehicles not subject to tariffs. 77te problem faced btj Merak - Bakaulteni todm; is the absence of data based on fluctuations in freight rem; transport at peak and off peak. Fluctuations in transport arrangements will lun:e an impact on femJ scltedule arrangement, number and mpnci~/ of n.>ssels, number of dermnga and parking area 4- wheeled nwtor z:ehicle prmiided. 77re metlwd used in forecasting tlrere are two, tire first nwdel I was multi regression and a linear trend. The forecasting results on Merak femJ - Bakaulreni to 2050 wlten the peak for 4-wheeled nwtor vehicle, namely in the Model I = 3.2 million units and Trend = 3 million units and to Bakauheni Model I= 3.55 million units dan Trend= 3.5 million units Key Words: Peramalan angkutnn penyeberangnn"


In the first of two articles, Richard Griffith outlines how the law seeks to minimize harm from medicines by imposing a duty on care staff in four legal areas.


This paper introduce a new type wireless monitor system which applied in industrial field. In the system, the main hardware includes the S3C2410 microprocessor in ARM920T core, and the software adopts Linux which is an embedded operating system, communicate by GPRS wireless transmission service. We can get real-time video data through USB camera firstly, compress and encode it with MPEG-4, ultimately complete the wireless remote monitor system with PPP dial-up and socket communication's mechanism. It is low-cost, has a small size and fast speed of transmitting data, and is easy to carry, so it is suitable for the situation of remote real-time monitor, industry control field. Keywords-S3C2410; Linux; GPRS; Wireless Monitor; MPEG-4


ABSTRACT We propose an extension of Diggle's nonparametric edge-corrected kernel-based intensity estimator to the case of events coming from an inhomogenous point pattern on a linear network. We analyze its statistical properties, showing that it is an unbiased estimator of the first-order intensity; we also provide an expression for the variance, and comment on the appropriate bandwidth selection. Our estimator is compared with the current existing equal-split discontinuous kernel density estimator in terms of the mean integrated squared error (MISE). We then use our estimator on two real datasets. We first revisit street crimes in an area of Chicago, obtaining similar results to previously published ones based on a parametric intensity function. Then, we study network-based spatial events consisting of calls to the Police department reporting anti-social behavior in the city of Castellon (Spain).


2 groups of 10 rats were trained in a runway with consistent reward and intermittent punishment. One group received the shocks according to a single alternation schedule and the second group was trained with an irregular schedule. The animals in the alternating schedule, but not the irregular schedule, learned a pattern discrimination suggesting that punishment produces a unique stimulus aftereffect.


In practical settings, most athletes drink about 400 mL/hr during exercise. It is questionable whether they would gain performance benefits from liquid carbohydrate (CHO) feeding with such small volumes. It also has been well established that energy supplementation during exercise improves endurance performance. Yet, little is known about the role of energy supplementation and high intensity exercise performance. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate if ingestion of an energy gel with a 4:1 CHO/Protein ratio will confer performance benefits during high intensity swim training.


By the end of this century important krill habitats in the Southern Ocean off East Antarctica are likely to be unsuitable for krill reproduction, if carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions continue unabated.


In 2020, the UK and Ireland, and indeed most countries across the globe, found themselves unprepared to deal with a worldwide pandemic (BASW, 2020; Mellish et al., 2020).  Indeed, in the UK and Ireland, health and social care workers had to respond to unprecedented situations and adapt quickly and extensively to the health, social and economic dimensions of the crisis (Egan et al., 2020; BASW,2020).  It is timely, then, to consider the role of the social worker and the impact on social work training for undergraduate students in light of the changes that have taken place as a result of the global pandemic.  The COVID-19 restrictions led to the rise of new forms of social engagement and interaction, as well as the need for professionals, including social workers, to develop new digital skills. This paper will draw on the findings from an online survey (using qualitative and quantitative question sets) conducted with 30 undergraduate social work students in 2021.  The survey explored student experiences of online teaching during their 'preparation for practice learning' module and the extent to which this online teaching prepared them for their practice learning opportunity (PLO) that followed during a time of strict COVID-19 measures, including social distancing.  Recent research has been conducted that highlights the benefits of blended learning (online and face-to-face) as a strong pedagogical approach (Finlay et al., 2022; Karma et al., 2021).  As we transition back to face-to-face teaching and learning, this paper will consider the implications of online learning for social work students, analyse the benefits and limitations of this to the learning and practice environment and capture the lessons to hold on to for the future.


Home network system which is installed outside the three doors to allow visitors to call between landlords and capture external video and audio through a front door that group only landlord in the absence server according to the present invention connects between the landlord and the visitor; HomNet to control the generation of an image and the entrance and delivery voice only to the server and to supply power for turning on (ON) an the entrance generation server; And only a built-in information of the respective shops (including private homes) within, by the HomNet server and the landlord role of the portable terminal period of the relay and transmit the video and audio to the homeowner of a portable terminal, relates to a cost-family entrance transferred from the landlord's portable terminal sikimyeo passes control signals to the HomNet servers, just the server that includes a function of managing the mobile terminal about the landlord and the login authentication by the home server; And the only accept a login from the authentication server, and passes the control signal groups for generation only entrance to the server, and a landlord of a mobile terminal that receives the output the video and audio signal from a server only. In addition, the landlord and the visitor calls over the way between the landlord absence of a home network according to the invention comprising the steps of: (a) where visitors are hitting the bell of the entrance-family group, the information related to the server HomNet sent to the server only; (B) only the server checking whether or not the homeowner of the mobile terminal login; (C) If the homeowner of a mobile terminal is just logged in to the server only server requesting information of a visitor to HomNet server; (D) HomNet server is transmitted to the visitor's information only to the server and the information is transmitted in the end stage of a portable homeowner; And (e) the landlord check the information, and a step that calls made with the visitor. Further, a visitor to make way through the landlord absence of a home network according to the invention (A) the step of requesting the landlord view generation porch period (camera) to the server only; (B) only the server requesting the driving of the three entrance group in HomNet server; And (C) HomNet server by turning on (ON) is applied to the entrance-family group (camera), the power generation entrance groups and a step for observing the outside. Home Network, vestibule three groups, only the server


The Internet and World Wide Web provide new ways to create and store information. From the literature, there are several reasons why people annotate documents. Some people use annotation as a reminder of an interesting or important part in a document. Annotation can be used to support collaborative work and discussion. It can also be viewed as additional information to the whole document or selected parts for some purposes such as classification. Annotation can be created in different forms e.g. highlight, note and etc. People use different forms of annotation for different functions. This paper proposed a conceptual framework for a development of digital annotation system on WWW. The framework depicts the structural components for digital annotation system. Last but not lease we used the proposed framework to develop a digital annotation system on WWW. This system allows users to create annotations on any web pages. Users can add notes and tag and create highlight on web pages.


In this paper we begin with the analysis of the current situation of industrial Anhui three times.Through statistical analysis shows that for a specific period of three changes in the industrial structure and tertiary industries Anhui labor productivity change by the analysis of the four key elements of the composition of the GDP.Three specific study of the production elements for a period of time changes.Reveals the three industries,and to formulate a specific policy provides a basis for industrial development.


This paper deals with the analytical investigations of a nonstationary Darcy-Nernst-PlanckPoisson-type system which is a mathematical model describing electrolyte solutions. For this nonlinear fully coupled system of partial differential equations we proof existence and uniqueness of global weak solutions. Furthermore, we establish physical properties for the number densities such as nonnegativity and boundedness in L((0, T )× Ω).


This paper investigates the concept of decoupling in neo- institu- tional theory. Through a case analysis of the development of a Management Information System (MIS) in a local health care organization in Norway, I ana- lyzed processes of coupling-decoupling occurring during the process of devel- opment. I found that the theoretical dichotomy between the symbolic and technological inherent in the concept of decoupling conceals the relational connections between them. Using Actor-Network Theory I argue that decou- pling can be considered a special case of coupling. I conclude, that to under- stand e-government reforms, we have to move beyond the dominant notion of IT as an enabling role. Power and politics are involved in the process of devel- opment and use. We have to take seriously that the recognition of IT as a tool is a very dominant notion and that in practice it is not easily considered as a resource invested in and used by the actors within their ongoing power game. This should be an element in our analysis. If it is not, we turn into researchers in the hand of those who need IT to enhance their interests.


A balanced combination of heat flows creates suitable conditions for thermal comfort—a factor contributing to the quality of the internal environment of buildings. The presented analysis of selected thermal-technical parameters is up-to-date and suitable for verifying the parameters of building constructions. The research also applied a methodology for examining the acoustic parameters of structural parts of buildings in laboratory conditions. In this research, selected variant solutions of perimeter walls based on prefab cross laminated timber were investigated in terms of acoustic and thermal-technical properties. The variants structures were investigated in laboratory but also in model conditions. The results of the analyses show significant differences between the theoretical or declared parameters and the values measured in laboratory conditions. The deviations of experimental measurements from the calculated or declared parameters were not as significant for variant B as they were for variant A. These findings show that for these analyzed sandwich structures based on wood, it is not always possible to reliably declare calculated values of thermal-technical and acoustic parameters. It is necessary to thoroughly examine such design variants, which would contribute to the knowledge in this field of research of construction systems based on wood.


Several approaches have been used to solve the timetabling problem. Among those approaches the Genetic Algorithms (GAs) and the conventional graph colouring algorithms are found. This article presents a comparison between the performance of GAs and the conventional algorithms for solving the problem when only edge constraints are considered. The work reported also presents results after comparing the pure genetic algorithm when using several variations in its parameters and other heuristics based on nding the clique of a graph. Finally, other types of constraints, speciically near-clash constraints, are considered in the conventional algorithm using a heuristic for solving the traveling salesman problem (TSP). The criteria for comparison used is the number of constraint checks done in each approach.


Abstract In this study, the properties of nitrided electroless Ni–B coating prepared by conventional plasma nitriding (CPN), were compared with those of annealed one. For this purpose, electroless Ni–B coatings were deposited from an alkaline bath on AISI 4140 substrates. Then some of the prepared coatings were annealed under controlled atmosphere and the other ones were plasma nitrided at the same conditions. Microstructure, morphology, microhardness and wear resistance of the coatings were evaluated. Based on the results, under the experimental conditions, plasma nitriding increases surface roughness; meanwhile, it improves wear resistance and microhardness of the coatings. The sputtering of iron atoms during CPN process could be the main reason for these results.


This lecture discusses the validation of a new scale, the Trust of Automated Systems Test (TOAST). As we increasingly rely on automated systems to perform tasks, it becomes ever more important to understand the ways in which real operators will use these systems. Trust is a critical determinant of this use. Previous efforts to translate trust, typically an interpersonal human experience, into the domain of artificial cognition and inanimate objects, has met with mixed success. Existing scales tend to anthropomorphize systems and attribute intent to relatively simplistic decision processes. This anthropomorphization has led to operator dissatisfaction with these scales and, consequently, poor data quality. In two studies, I present the validation effort for a scale that avoids anthropomorphizing while still assessing the theoretically-driven underlying dimensions of trust formation. Confirmatory Factor Analyses provide evidence that the TOAST, a nine-item scale measuring operator Understanding of the system and belief in its Efficacy is a valid metric of operator trust of both military and civilian systems.


Genetic diversity was assessed in a collection of 81 true breeding advanced generation lines/varieties of Indian mustard on the basis of yield and yield related traits. The study revealed enormous diversity in the material as indicated by the wide range of D2 value from 7.51 (between the genotypes PBR 253 and RGN-74) to 2116.02 (between the genotypes PHJ-04-401 and Narendra rai). The genotypes fell in thirteen clusters when grouped using the Tocher's method. Cluster/had the highest number of genotypes. The inter cluster distances ranged from 102.93 between cluster V and VIII to 2072.84 between XI and XII. Cluster III was most divergent. The clustering pattern of different genotypes did not follow their geographical distribution. Test weight, plant height and number of siliquae/plant contributed most towards the total divergence. These characters could, therefore, form the basis for selection of parents for distantly placed clusters to obtain high heterotic combinations.


Abstract This is an academic review of Lesa Scholl's groundbreaking work Food Restraint and Fasting in Victorian Religion and Literature (2022), which examines the theological, political and socio-economic motivations which underpin food restraint and fasting in Victorian England.


This work investigates the effects of further neighbor exchange and cubic anisotropy on the magnetic excitations of the fcc kagome antiferromagnet IrMn 3 . Spin wave frequencies are calculated using the torque equation and the dynamical structure factor S ( Q , ω ) is determined by a Green's function method as an extension of our previous work, LeBlanc et al. Phys. Rev. B 90 , 144403 (2014). These spin wave calculations are compared with inelastic neutron scattering data of poly-crystalline IrMn 3 , where magnetic Mn ions occupy lattice sites of ABC-stacked kagome planes. The data is best explained by a spin wave model including exchange interactions up to fourth nearest neighbor and strong cubic anisotropy, as previously predicted by density functional theory calculations.


Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to engage some of the central themes of Gayatri Spivak's seminal essay, "Can the Subaltern Speak? (CSS)" In particular, her criticisms of post-structuralism's treatment of the "subject" as well as its privileging of "discourse" and micrological analyses of power vis-a-vis her discussion of Foucault and Deleuze.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper also draws on a historical materialist approach to examine how Spivak's own work often reinscribes the discursive and politically pusillanimous tendencies of both post-structuralist and post-colonialist thought.

Findings

This lends itself to the "complexification" of capitalism – a bourgeois form of mystification of capital's essential workings and the underlying class structure of the globalized economy, inclusive of "postcolonial" societies.

Originality/value

The authors conclude that CSS – while an important question – is ultimately a misdirected one that, in effect, mistakes discursive empowerment for social and economic enablement.


Linear Approximate Dynamic Programming (LADP) and Incremental Approximate Dynamic Programming (IADP) are Reinforcement Learning methods that seek to contribute to the field of Adaptive Flight Control. This paper assesses their performance and convergence, as well as the impact of sensor noise on policy convergence, online system identification, performance and control surface deflection. After summarising their theory and derivation with full state (FS) and output feedback (OPFB), they are implemented on the linearised longitudinal F-16 model. In order to establish an objective performance comparison, their hyper-parameters were tuned with an evolutionary algorithm: Particle Swarm Optimisation (PSO). Results show that LADP and IADP have the same performance in the presence of FS feedback, whereas LADP outperforms IADP when only OPFB is available. Output noise causes LADP based on OPFB to diverge. In the case of IADP based on OPFB, sensor noise improves the performance due to a better exploration of the solution space. The present research aims at bridging the gap between the discussed ADP algorithms and real world systems.


Present invention relates to a sensing unit and measuring method for on-line monitoring liquid viscosity and granule quantity. It features utilizing piezoelectricity sensing device contacting with sensing device, controlling magnetic field penetrating said sensing device surface in order to adsorb ferromagnetism granule in liquid, measuring piezoelectric device parametric variation in order to obtain liquid viscosity and particulate loading variational information in liquid. Present invention provides not only has simple structure, usableness, and fast response but also can measure small granule and small concentration sample. According to actual application, said invented sensing unit not only can simultaneously on-line measure liquid viscosity and granule quantity information in liquid but also can be independent used as sensing unit to measure liquid viscosity or granule quantity in liquid.


Smoke flavorings are complex mixtures of components of smoke which obtained by subjecting chemically untreated hardwoods or similar materials through pyrolysis,dry distillation or superheated steam treatment.Smoke flavorings are widely used in or on food,so their safety has been seriously concerned.This paper proposed the regulation for preparation and use of smoke flavorings based on the concerned international regulations and standards.In order to protect human health,smoke flavorings should undergo a safety assessment procedure before being used.


This study investigated the effect of goal specificity and goal difficulty upon skill acquisition of a selected shooting task Utilizing a two-stage sampling technique, nine classes (90 subjects) were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: specific difficult goals, specific moderate goals, and generalized "do your best" goals. Following a pretest trial under a "do your best" condition, subjects performed five skill acquisition trials on a kneeling task under their assigned conditions. A 3×2×5 (Goal Groups × Sex × Trials) multivariate analysis of covariance with repeated measures on the last factor and pretest performance as the covariate indicated that the group with a specific difficult goal was significantly superior to the "do your best" group. There was also a significant main effect for trials, however, none of interactions were significant. The results are discussed as they relate to existing investigations in industrial, laboratory, and physical education situations.


Solar resource assessment by clear sky models is of great importance in the solar energy field: verifying the performance of photovoltaic systems during stable conditions, clouds effects evaluation, the determination of geographical areas where irradiation is more uncertain and the preparation of forecasts with sky cameras. But before using these models they must be validated against high performances soil measurements. Since there is no radiometric sensor that measures clear-sky radiation, then historical clear-sky time periods must be identified only from long-term allsky irradiation records. The contribution of this study is to exploit the ground measurements, analyze them and retrieve the information they contain concerning the clear sky instants. The study will be performed by comparing the clear sky instants identified by an algorithm proposed by Reno and Hansen with a physical clear sky model. This comparison is made using high frequency global horizontal irradiation (GHI) data from high performances meteorological station installed at Benguerir in Morocco.


Previously we have analyzed the political trajectory of a letter sent in 1865 by Antonio, a "patagon" cacique, to the authorities of the Welsh colony on the banks of the Chubut River. In this paper we think about Antonio again and in other caciques related to him by a network of alliances, based in new sources from 1865 to 1883 -when the zone was militarized by the National Government-. Correspondence, treatises, and chronicles of travelers and  colonist were analyzed to shed light into the relationship between these chiefs, since they seemed to depend on caciques principales of northern Patagonia but actually kept certain degree of autonomy in their decisions. The frontier advance through colonization and new treaties boosted not only interethnic power relations but those among new authorities of the colony and the national government. Thus, we can continue revising the great ethnic complex of Patagonia, providing less essentialist interpretations of these identities.


Computer activity at Manchester University began in 1946 with the construction of a CRT-based memory, which was followed by a series of prototype computers. The work culminated in the Ferranti Mark I, completed in early 1951. This paper describes the programming systems devised, first for the prototype and then for the production Mark I, and includes an account of two novel automatic coding schemes developed during 1952 and 1954.The paper concludes with an assessment of the programming activity.


Although intestinal strictures have been described in association with potassium chloride and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, fibrosing colonopathy (figure) appears to be a new entity in cystic fibrosis children.' In the absence of effective pancreatic enzyme supplements, the intestinal malabsorption associated with cystic fibrosis is severe when compared to that associated with other conditions such as coeliac disease. Prior to the introduction of acid-resistant enzyme preparations in the UK in the early 1980s (Pancrease in 1983 and Creon in 1985) there were many cystic fibrosis patients who had persisting distressing gastrointestinal symptoms and signs associated with severe intestinal malabsorption. It was impossible to control the intestinal malabsorption of these patients, even with large doses of the older unprotected enzyme preparations and with the addition of additional strategies including gastric acid suppression using alkalis and H2 blockers. The quality of life of many of these patients was severely impaired; some had to restrict their fat intake in an attempt to reduce their unpleasant bowel symptoms. In doing so they reduced their energy intake and compromised their nutritional state. The introduction of the acid-resistant enzyme preparations in the early 1980s improved the control of the


Forex Trading is familiar to ordinary people as a way of investing, many of investor buying and selling transactions of foreign exchange or stocks using the MetaTrader software as a direct bridge to the forex or stock market. One method to find out the trends in the capital market is to use pre-installed indicator or directly listen to economic news. Linear Weighted Moving Average as one of the favorite indicators in forex or stock traders as it for individuals or bank managers, it is the most widely used for analyzing the direction of the capital market. The Linear Weighted Moving Average is not a holy grail whose are one hundred percent correct, it is because the volatile of forex and stock changes. The auto trading script (expert advisor) provided by Metatrader still has weaknesses due to incorrect predictions and resulting in reducing balance from investors' capital. The expectations from this research that martingale technique to optimize Linear Weighted Moving Average indicator in every forex transaction to increase profits in forex or stock trading.Keywords: Forex Trading, Martingale, Linear Weighted Moving Average


We evaluated the ability of G-CSF to increase the number of hematopoietic stem cells obtained by "delayed" BM harvest for allogeneic transplantation. Five normal donors received G-CSF @ 10 mcg/kg/day x 5 followed by repeat PB and BM assays at day 6 and 16, and BM harvest at day 16. Stem cells were not increased in the BM at day 16. Five patients underwent BMT and engrafted at +10 to +19 days. While the tested strategy offers no intrinsic advantages, its potential cannot be evaluated fully without alternative timing and/or additional, "early acting" growth factors.


Studies show that students in general have higher expectations or optimism towards their final course grade. This higher expectation leads to dissatisfaction and grade dispute. A survey of students from four business courses at a mid-sized public institution in Mid-Atlantic region is utilized to draw inferences between grade expectation and achievement. This research effort utilizes empirical probabilities of achieving a specific grade based on their grade expectation on the first day of class. The statistical difference in grade expectation and achievement between student's gender, residency and sport involvement is also explored.


A discussion of a paper with the aforementioned title by K. Wiegrink, S. Marikunte, and S.P. Shah, published in this journal (Volume 93, Number 5, September-October 1996), is presented. The discussion maintains that, in addition to factors such as higher free shrinkage, lower specific creep, higher modulus of elasticity, and lower aggregate interlock along crack faces, microcracking as a result of self-desiccation may also be an important factor in the higher rate of increase of crack width during the first few days for high-strength concrete compared with normal strength concrete.


The immunosignature technology uses microarray chips of random amino acid sequence peptides to detect diseases based on the change in the profile of circulating antibodies. Diseases are detected using classification algorithms trained on a reduced sample of immunosignature patterns of patients with known diagnoses. The aim of the study was to develop a new method of missing value imputation in immunosignature data, which allows maintaining sufficient accuracy of classification. Methods. study was carried out using immunosignature data obtained by utilizing a high-resolution peptide microarray chip with nearly ten thousand peptide cells. The applicability of various missing value imputation methods such as simple imputation, weighted k-nearest neighbors and machine learning techniques (linear regression, random forest, gradient boosting) was evaluated. Results. Missing value imputation method based on gradient boosting has been developed in the framework of the study. Its operating principle implies iterating through all features (attributes) and training on examples (samples) whose values are present in the feature, followed by clarification of missing feature values. This process is repeated until the total training error for all features stops decreasing or until the maximum number of iterations is reached. The root mean squared error is employed as a training error metric. To assess the quality of missing value imputation, classification results based on the data obtained after imputation procedure are used in our investigation.The proposed missing value imputation algorithm based on linear gradient boosting proves to be effective under conditions of a high proportion of missing values as compared to other methods under consideration. The results of the investigation demonstrate the viability of using machine learning techniques for missing value imputation in immunosignature data.


EXPERIMENTAL COMPARISON OF LOAD SHARING TECHNIQUES FOR FAST MOTION IN INDUSTRIAL MACHINES by Eike Marten Hillrichs The University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 2022 Under the Supervision of Professor Wilkistar Otieno And Dr. Aderiano da Silva, Principal Engineer, Rockwell Automation Load sharing and synchronization techniques are essential for modern automation applications where single motor systems cannot meet the application requirements. Evenly sharing the load between multiple motors can increase the output of processes and reduce maintenance efforts due to uneven wear and tear. Rockwell Automation has developed two load sharing techniques for fast motion control applications. In this Thesis, the two load sharing techniques are experimentally compared regarding their ability to evenly share loads and control synchronized motions in a multi motor setup for fast motion. The techniques are compared using a setup with two motors coupled by a timing belt and performing fast motion with moves times of 50ms, 100ms, and 200ms, with and without disturbance. The first load sharing Method utilizes the leader-follower method, where two drives are connected to two motors. In the second Method, one drive controls two motors. The challenge of load control in the single drive multi motor setup is solved by magnetically aligning the motors.


The invention relates to a control device for variably setting at least a compression ratio of an internal combustion engine, in particular a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine, with at least one transmission means via which the compression ratio is variably adjustable, wherein at least a slack is provided by means of which a play of the transmission device is adjustable.


Abstract How does a self‐managing school meet the needs and aspirations of the most disenfranchised members of its community? What responsibilities should reside with the state and the education system in the quest for more equitable schooling outcomes? In the neo‐liberal state, responsibility for addressing educational disadvantage has largely been devolved to schools within centrally determined curriculum frameworks and accountability mechanisms. But there are disturbing signs that these new arrangements are not working in the interests of the most marginalised students and their families. This article explores the nexus between school‐based management and educational equality with particular reference to Indigenous students in a disadvantaged Australian school community. It reaffirms the need for well‐resourced and vibrant education bureaucracies as an integral component of a responsible approach to school‐based management.


After the auricular cartilage of 5‐week‐old rabbits was bent and fixed by suture, the cartilage increased in thickness in a short period of time. The thickness was maximal 6 weeks later and slightly greater than that of the control cartilage 12 weeks later. At this stage, the auricle was fixed in curved form. There was no difference in the morphology of cartilage cells between the bent group and the control.


Thomas Bodley is well known for his bibliographical activities and his benefaction of the Bodleian Library, Oxford, but his prior career as a diplomat has been largely overlooked, despite being celebrated by his contemporaries. A large and comprehensive corpus of letters survives from the twelve years he was on diplomatic business, during initial extraordinary missions as a special envoy to various European sovereigns between 1585-88, and then his long residence in The Hague during his post as English representative on the Council of State for the United Provinces (Netherlands) from 1588-97. These letters, previously unedited and unpublished, are a valuable interdisciplinary resource to scholars of religious, social, cultural, geographical, military and political history. The letters also offer an important understanding of the information networks and patronage structures between official and semi-official diplomatic agents and their patrons in the later sixteenth-century.


Abstract : Three criterion measures were constructed and administered at two Air Force bases to airmen selected from three career areas which correspond to three aptitude groups defined by Air Force classification tests. Each of the three instruments was subjected to a factor analysis; the resulting factor scores, in combination with test scores and operationally derived performance ratings, were also factor analyzed. Six factors were identified, with each factor defined by at least two of the major variables. Short forms of two of the criterion instruments were prepared for further use. The results suggest suitability of these scales across the three job areas. (Author)