We propose a novel numerical method for the semiclassical limit of the Schrödinger equation. When using deterministic particle methods, point values of the computed solutions have to be recovered from their singular particle approximations by using some smoothing procedure. The choice of the smoothing procedure is rather flexible. Moreover, there is always a parameter associated with the smoothing procedure: if this parameter is too large, the numerical solution loses its accuracy; if it is too small, oscillation appears. No explicit formula has been given on how to choose this parameter. Based on the idea of [30], we develop a particle method in which we use the conservation of charge for the reconstruction of density. This method avoids the recovery step of the previous particle methods, thus it is simpler and more accurate. In particular it gives more accurate field quantities. Consequently, we apply the new method to the Vlasov-Poisson equations, which yields more accurate density and electric filed in each time step. We carry out numerical experiments in both one and two dimensions for the Schrödinger equation and Vlasov-Poisson equations to verify the method. Some comparisons with the other particle methods are also made.


Determinion function of key parameters of water quality representing many parameters can be used to determine the water quality status . The purpose of the study were to analyse water quality status using Water Quality Index from Ministry of Environment of Mongolia and to select key parameter of water quality with discriminant analysis at Bedadung River. This research used 25 parameters (physicochemical and microbiology) were taken from 5 water sampling location at  the period of  2016 to 2019. Location of water quality sampling were in urban area i.e. Patrang, Sumbesari, and Kaliwates Sub-district. The results showed that the water quality status calculation of the Bedadung River in urban area segment was 0.70 - 2.00 in clean and lightly - moderately polluted category. The key parameters from discriminant analysis were TSS, cobalt, sulfide, and chlorine. The most polluted parameters were sulfide and chlorine. The source of chlorine and sulfide pollution in Bedadung River were solid waste domestic exposure. Recommendation to reduce the level of contamination caused by garbage is development of small dam to facilitate the cleaning of garbage on the current season drought and education of the public to not throw garbage or waste in the Bedadung River.


Background: Distributive universal quantifiers (e.g. English each) take as their restrictor the NP denoting what is distributed over (the distributive key in Choe's 1987 terminology) and they involve distribution over individuals. In contrast, distributive markers, such as Serbian po, attach to the NP denoting what is being distributed (the distributive share) and it has been claimed they involve distribution over spatiotemporal units (cf. Balusu 2006, Cable 2014, Knežević 2015). The question at issue in the literature is whether the latter form of distribution involves universal quantification over space/time units. A standard diagnostic for universal quantification is exhaustivity (Mathewson, 2000; Zimmerman, 2002). Take the English sentence in (1) where the distributor each takes as its key (restrictor) monkeys. (1) is judged FALSE in the context depicted in the picture A1: the set of monkeys is not exhausted since there are non-jumping monkeys. Crucially, however, the Serbian sentence in (2) with the distributor-share marker po is judged TRUE with A1 – thus violating the exhaustivity requirement on participants.


The present study presents biological aspects of golden grey mullet, Liza aurata (risso, 1810) from Bardawil lagoon, Egypt. A total of 1329 specimen's individuals of Liza aurata were collected from different landing sites of Bardawil Lagoon in the period from May 2017 to February 2018. Length-weight relationship, condition factor, age composition, and fish growth were studied. The length and weight ranged from 12.2 to 33.6 (cm) and 13.8 to 340 (g) respectively. The Length-Weight relationship (LWR) was determined according to the power regression model. The length-weight relation of Liza aurata in Bardawil Lagoon was found as W= 0.0071 L3.053 (r2 = 0.9756). The highest value of condition factor of the studied species was recorded in May and declined to lowest level in November. Growth and mortality were evaluated based on age estimation from scale readings of total 605 individuals. The Von Bartalanffy growth function to be Lt = 38.51 [1-e -0.2421(t+1.4222)] and Wt = 491.96 [1-e -0.2421(t+1.4222)] 3.053. The total (Z) and natural (M) mortality rates were found to be 0.8865 and 0.3543 years-1 respectively. The estimated exploitation rate was found to be E = 0.60 indicating that the current fishing pressure on L. aurata suffers from overfishing in the area of study.


The seafloor, with its diverse and dynamic benthic habitats varying on meter to centimeter scales, is difficult to accurately monitor with traditional techniques. The technology used to build imaging spectrometers has rapidly advanced in recent years with the advent of smaller sensors and better signal-to-noise capabilities that has facilitated their use in mapping fine-scale benthic features. Here, the use of such sensors for hyperspectral remote sensing of the seafloor from both airborne and underwater platforms is discussed. Benthic constituents provide a so-called optical fingerprint with spectral properties that are often too subtle to be discerned with simple color photographs or multichannel spectrometers. Applications include the recent field validation of the airborne Portable Remote Imaging SpectroMeter (PRISM), a new imaging sensor package optimized for coastal ocean processes in Elkorn Slough California. In these turbid sediment-laden waters, only subtle spectral differences differentiate seafloor with sediment from that with eelgrass. The ultimate goal is to provide robust radiometric approaches that accurately consider light attenuation by the water column and are able to be applied to diverse habitats without considerable foreknowledge.


Background: The excellent method for treating fractures of the tibial shaft was the closed intramedullary nailing technique. But because of limited references related to the results, incidence of infection, non-union of open injury. Hence, it was decided to analyse open tibial fractures treatment by primary interlocking nailing.

Methods: 50 Patients with open fractures of the tibial shaft which were treated with primary interlocking nail were studied in the period of 14 months.

Results: In present study 18 (36%) type I, 22 (44%) type II and 10 (20%) type IIIA Gustilo open fractures were treated. The average duration of time between injury and nailing was 3.5 hours (range was 1.5 hours to 4 hours). After reaming, 40 (80%) fractures were fixed, without reaming, 10 (20%) of fractures were fixed. The average time to union was 27 weeks for type I fractures, 30 weeks for type II fractures and 33 weeks for type IIIA fractures. There was 1 non-union. There were 4 deep infections.

Conclusions: The best mode of therapy was primary interlocking intramedullary nailing for open fractures.


A study was conducted to determine historical atmospheric mercury deposition patterns in the Maritime Provinces. Investigators measured mercury concentrations in peat cores from five ombrotrophic bogs in Kejimkujik, Fundy, Kouchibougouac, and Cape Breton Highlands national parks and in East Baltic Bog, Prince Edward Island. Results presented and discussed include deposition rates calculated using lead-210 date estimates, temporal trends in mercury concentrations, and spatial patterns of mercury deposition.


Ecological strategies related to the adaptation of plants to environmental stress have long been studied by ecologists, but few studies have systematically revealed the ecological process of plant adaptation to herbivores as a whole.

 In this study, Stipa breviflora, the dominant species in the desert steppe of Inner Mongolia, was used to analyse its reproductive individual characteristics and seed traits as well as the soil seed bank and spatial patterns under heavy-grazing and no-grazing treatments.

 The results showed that the number of reproductive branches positively affected the number of vegetative branches. The analysis of the soil seed bank showed that the density of S. breviflora seeds beneath reproductive S. breviflora individuals was significantly higher than that in bare land. The seed density was also significantly negatively correlated with the seed characteristics and the soil seed bank in bare land. The spatial distribution of S. breviflora was aggregated under heavy grazing. Our results suggest that under heavy grazing, reproductive activity plays a key role in resource allocation. Stipa breviflora evolved the ecological strategy of nearby diffusion by regulating the morphological characteristics of the seeds, which promotes a positive spatial correlation between the juvenile and adult populations at a small scale, thus leading to the formation of 'safe islands'.


The utility model relates to an auxiliary slurry pressure maintaining system for an earth pressure balance shield machine and is mainly applicable to a shield machine in the tunnel construction field. Bentonite slurry is conveyed by bentonite slurry conveying equipment to an input port III, a pump set works, the bentonite slurry is conveyed to a grouting port IV through a check valve (17), a flexible connector (16), a flexible connector (14), a pneumatic/electric ball valve (12), a flow meter (10) and a pressure sensor (9), and the bentonite slurry is grouted to the exterior of a shield casing, and certain pressure is maintained. Meanwhile, the bentonite slurry is pumped to a storage tank (2) to be stored via the check valve and the pneumatic/electric ball valve (7). At the moment, a manual ball valve (8) is closed, and an air outlet II exhausts. After the slurry is completely pumped by the bentonite slurry conveying equipment, the pump set stops working. The pneumatic/electric ball valve (7) and (12) are closed, the manual ball valve (8) is opened, air enters an air inlet I, the storage tank (2) is pressurized, the bentonite slurry is grouted to the exterior of the shield casing via the manual ball valve (8), the one-way flow meter (10) and the pressure sensor (9), the radial gap between the exterior of the shield casing and the tunnel work is enabled to be filled with benonite and maintain certain pressure, the soil mass settlement is prevented, and the safety construction is enabled to be smoothly carried out.


Control valve for recirculation of exhaust gas to the fresh gas of an internal combustion engine formed of a fresh gas-side first valve part and an exhaust-side second valve member, each having a number of passage openings and to lock or unlock, depending on their position to each other, the recirculation of exhaust gas to fresh gas, whereby the passage openings (5) of the fresh gas side first valve part (4) a first conduit system (6) connects associated with the individual cylinders of the internal combustion engine separate lines (7) for the recirculated exhaust gas, characterized in that the passage openings (5 ') of the exhaust-side second valve part ( 4 ') a second conduit system (6') is connected upstream of the associated with the individual cylinders of the internal combustion engine separate lines (7 ') for the exhaust gas.


The article discusses the relation between the paradigmatic status of film
 and use of film analogies in the psychoanalytic discourse on society and
 culture by Slavoj Žižek, which represents the very ground of his
 philosophical discourse in general. In the first part, starting with a recent
 discussion by different English and American scholars on controversial
 aspects of Slavoj Žižek's activity in academia and on a broader public scene,
 the paper discusses on some parallel examples and inherent motivators of the
 form-content controversy in philosophy and pop-culture as well as Žižek's
 interpretation of his position. In the second part, the article discusses
 Žižek's sporadic meta-reflection on exemplification and provides arguments
 for the thesis that, in Žižek, on the ground of his ontology of the virtual,
 one encounters a double conception of 'inherence' (paradigmatic and
 analogical) between instance and principle, its consequence is a shift in the
 use of film examples from analogy of objects to analogy of analyses, which
 invents a typical conflict between the metonymic and metaphorical evasion of
 discourse. On this background, the article reexamines the general contention
 against Žižek of a 'virtual totalitarianism' without contingency of meaning
 and sense, and points to the position of the subject without discourse as
 another ground for the condition of analysis of truth. In the third part, the
 paper analyses and evaluates Žižek's own understanding of his cinematographic
 illustrations and his peculiar, performing and self-referential, method of
 resolving the epistemological problem of film interpretation through
 imaginary identification or 'empathy' with film objects. In the fourth part,
 the paper discusses the apparent asymmetry between Žižek's application of
 psychoanalytic doctrines onto film criticism, on one side, and, on the other,
 his little elaborated apotheosis of so-called 'cinematic materialism'. It is
 argued that this asymmetry ultimately causes what Žižek rejects in principle:
 a substitution of materialism and contingency of truth-search for a holism of
 sense. Consequently this seems to turn the psychoanalytic discourse on
 cinematography into a hermeneutic one.


Using AM and AMPS copolymers and N,N'-methylene bis-ourylamide as cross-linked agent,the system of cross-linked polymer solution was studied for the purpose of water shutoff the well.The result showed that systhetic cross-linked copolymer had good heat and salinity tolerance,the polymer gel I made can resist acid and alkali very well,and its water absorption in the water of 5000 mg/L mineralization was about 22 times.After maturing in 90 ℃,its tenacity and elasticity were also good,and its water absorption was 86.52 times with good strength and elasticity.


Therapeutic insulin analogs, engineered for specific states of self-association, have revolutionized the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Modifications that impact the self-association of these molecules in turn alter their pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, resulting in fast-acting drugs best suited for prandial regimens and insulin pumps or extended-release versions for once daily dosage [1]. Hence the ability to quantify the affinity and stoichiometry of insulin self-association is central to developing efficacious analogs.


This paper presents experiments around the analysis of phase/frequency-modulated signals using digital ATE channels. Based on the concept of zero-crossing detection, the proposed technique relies on the sampling of the analog/RF signal through a 1-bit comparator and the post-processing of the resulting bit stream. Coherent under sampling is used to extend the application range of the method, allowing the analysis of high-speed analog signals using standard test equipment operating with a limited sampling frequency. Simulation results show the viability of the technique. Hardware experiments are presented, which are in good agreement with simulation results.


Surgical afid v i ta l s ta imhg procedures. The sciatic nerve was sectioned on one side by a gluteal approach in 76 young adult mice of the AB (Strong A X Bagg albino) stock. The contralateral unoperated side served as a control. Re-innervation was prevented by excision of about 0.5 cm of the nerve and by turning back the free ends. After operation and until they were killed the mice were permitted free movement in standard wooden mouse boxes. A majority of the mice were injected with trypan blue as described previously (Swigart and Williams, '52). Pour animals were injected with 0.2mg of colchicine (in 0.5 em3 of water) 8 hours before being killed.


CORRECTION ON "CHRONIC INTERMITTENT ANOXIA . . ." THE writer is embarrassed by his discovery that in revising a manuscript entitled '(Chronic Intermittent Anoxia and Impairment of Peripheral Vision," an important paragraph was inadvertently omitted from the version which appeared in SCIENCE for June 15, 1945. I n checking back it becomes evident that the omission arose in the author's final copy, and that the editors of SCIENCEare in no way responsible. The paragraph which should have been inserted between the two paragraphs of column 2, page 615, is as follows:


The development of the ultrapure and highly efficient blue organic light‐emitting diodes is a very critical issue in the organic light‐emitting diodes. As an approach, boron‐nitrogen based multi‐resonance compounds have been developed. In this work, a new class of materials were designed and synthesized as the deep blue organic emitters for high efficiency organic light‐emitting diodes. Only carbon and nitrogen were used to design the materials to induce the multi‐resonance effect in the emitters. A deep blue color, a narrow emission spectrum and high efficiency by thermally activated delayed fluorescence were achieved using the new emitting materials.


The technique of obtaining high resolution, second order, oscillation free (TVD), explicit scalar difference schemes, by the addition of a limited antidiffusive flux to a first order scheme is expl...


Early in 21st century, researches about intelligent service robot that provide various services for a human out of the industrial robot only has simple pattern repetition. It concentrates in the research regarding the URC(Ubiquitous Robotic Companion) robot which connects the network in the intelligent service. This paper proposes the robot system based on network to guide a way. The robot has made by lego brick and used ultrasonic sensor, rotation sensor and RFID tag to recognize external environment. Also, it includes a PDA to process the data between robot and server. The network server transmits information to robot controller by bluetooth and it controls the course movement and evasion of the robot. In this research, the robot system based on network to guide a way is easy to expand service and is able to process a data in real time due to data processing in the server as a part of intelligent robot. And it can reduce the cost to build a robot thank to use cheaper sensor equipment.


■ This is the third of three papers that detail the development and implementation of this alternative approach, and it covers the laboratory and full-scale flexural testing of spliced piles and the comparison to one-piece, unspliced piles. This is the third of three papers describing the development of a new post-tensioning system for splicing prestressed concrete piles. The first paper covered conceptual design of the proposed system and the development of its component parts. The second paper presented findings of a side-by-side comparison of the field driving performance of a full-sized, 100 ft (30 m), post-tensioned, spliced pile with that of a similar one-piece, unspliced pile. This paper describes how the system for fabricating laboratory and full-sized spliced specimens was implemented, as well as how testing was performed to verify bending capacity.


In order to understand the impact on temperature field of single freezing pipe from various factors,a comprehensive study on the temperature field of a single freezing pipe with constant outer surface temperature was conducted using analogue theory,numerical analysis and experimental test methods.The relationships between the radius of dimensionless frozen soil and the various factors were analyzed respectively.Therefore the temperature distribution pattern,the formulas for estimating thickness and mean temperature in frozen soil were obtained.The regression formulas have high accuracy.The results provide a mean to accurately estimate the thickness and average temperature of frozen wall.


2 (HSV-2) in Latin America and the Caribbean. Methods HSV-2 reports were systematically reviewed and synthesized, and findings were reported following PRISMA guidelines. Meta-analyses and meta-regressions were conducted. Results 102 relevant reports were identified including 13 overall incidence measures, 163 overall (and 402 stratified) seroprevalence measures, and 7 and 10 proportions of virus detection in genital ulcer disease (GUD) and in genital herpes, respectively. Pooled mean seroprevalence was 20.6% (95% confidence interval (CI): 18.7–22.5%) in general populations, 33.3% (95% CI: 26.0–41.0%) in intermediate-risk populations, 74.8% (95% CI: 70.6–78.8%) in female sex workers, and 54.6% (95% CI: 47.4–61.7%) in male sex workers, men who have sex with men, and transgender people. In general populations, seroprevalence increased from 9.6% (95% CI: 7.1–12.4%) in those aged <20 years, to 17.9% (95% CI: 13.6–22.5%) in those 20–30, 27.6% (95% CI: 21.4–34.2%) in those 30–40, and 38.4% (95% CI: 32.8–44.2%) in those >40. Compared to women, men had lower seroprevalence with an adjusted relative risk (ARR) of 0.68 (95% CI: 0.60–0.76). Seroprevalence declined by 2% per year over the last three decades [ARR of 0.98 (95% CI: 0.97–0.99)]. Pooled mean proportions of HSV-2 detection in GUD and genital herpes were 41.4% (95% CI: 18.9–67.0%) and 91.1% (95% CI: 82.7–97.2%), respectively. Conclusion One in five adults is HSV-2 infected, a higher level than other world regions, but seroprevalence is declining. Despite this decline, HSV-2 persists as the etiological cause of nearly half of GUD cases and almost all of genital herpes cases.


The presentation of carcinoid involvement of the mesentery is described, with clinical manifestation of severe malabsorption: angiographically it resembled retractile mesenteritis. The special biologic activity of the carcinoid cells inducing fibroblastic activity with secondary alterations of vascular, lymphatic and neural structures of the mesentery is discussed in relation to the altered physiology and morphology of the intestine, causing the clinical picture of sprue.


A connection mechanism for the mode between beam and column is composed of connecting rib, connecting rib with hook and spiral hooping. When beam is connected to column, a "double crosses" structure is formed. For the cross joint, corner, or T-shaped joint of beam and column, 4 connecting ribs or the connecting ribs with hooks are used and surrounded by the spiral hooping. Its advantages are simple and reasonable structure and high durability and safety.


In the method for forming a metal wiring layer disclosed herein, a conductive film is formed on the surface of the wafer, and the formation of the conductive film is stopped once when the reflectance of the surface of the formed conductive film is soaked at least twice that of the silicon wafer. Thereafter, a conductive buffer film is formed on the conductive film to provide nucleation sites of the conductive film, and then a new conductive film is formed again on the buffer film in the same manner as above. This process may be performed repeatedly until a metal wiring layer having a desired thickness is formed. As a result, a metal wiring layer having a smooth and flat surface is formed.


The contents of hyperoside, isoquercitrin, rutin and total quercetin in different parts of Poacynum hendersonii(Hook.f.) Woodson from Xinjiang were determined by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC), and the total flavoniods content was determined by spectrophotometry at 420 nm. The results showed that the total flavoniod content was 1.39% in leaves, 0.89% in flowers, 0.30% in roots, and 0.13% in stems. Among three major flavonoids identified in this plant, isoquercitrin was the most abundant and showed detectable levels(0.4%, 0.15% and 0.07% in leaves, flowers and stems, respectively) in all three other parts except for roots, along with very small amounts of hyperoside and rutin. The total quercetin content in leaves and flowers was 0.63% and 0.34% by HPLC following acidic hydrolysis, respectively.


The sensor is an important part of the active magnetic bearing system, which directly affects the performance of the entire system. Compared with the eddy current sensor, inductive sensor has the advantages of low cost, high sensitivity, and is not sensitive to the electromagnetic environment; Influenced by the ambient temperature is small. In this paper, design research from two aspects of the sensor structure and circuit, and the sensor was simulation analysis, which laid the foundation in the application of magnetic bearing systems.


Tourism development in prefecture of Southeast Qian is relatively delayed.But the person-time of foreign Chinese tourists reached 2.418 8 million in 2004,net increasing 42.1% compared with that at the same period of last year, by means of recommendation activities in First International Lusheng Festival in 1999 and strategy for building top quality articles.This paper introduces the abundant tourism resources and analyzes the existent problems,and proposes the developmental ideas,principles as well as suggestions.


The effects of the treatment of niobic acid with phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, and hydrofluoric acid on its surface area, structure, acidic property, and catalytic activity have been studied. The treatment with phosphoric acid was found to be most effective for maintaining a large surface area and a large amount of strong acid sites and for preventing niobic acid from crystallizing even after the heat treatment at higher temperatures above 600 °C. The XPS study revealed that a large amount of phosphorous exists on niobic acid after high temperature heat treatment. In accordance with these results, niobic acid treated with phosphoric acid and heat-treated at higher temperatures exhibited high catalytic activities for methanol conversion and ethylene hydration, whereas the activities of niobic acid containing no phophoric acid were very low when heat-treated at high temperatures.


International custody disputes involving parents and children from Islamic nations and the United States have yielded a spectrum of interpretation of Islamic Shari'a law and the best interests of the child. The lack of a determinative treaty between the United States and all but one Islamic nation has led to an inconsistency of criterion in determining whether to extend comity to a custody decree from a court of an Islamic nation. The domestic law statutes, which determine jurisdiction in these matters, have provisions for international application and recognition of foreign custody decrees. The recognition of custody decrees from the courts of Islamic nations is contingent upon the satisfying of procedural and substantive thresholds. Focusing on the substantive, the author opines that American courts have a responsibility to understand certain aspects of the law, culture, and religion of Islam in order to accurately determine if the threshold has been meet.


A research project submitted to the department of educational management, policy and curriculum studies in partial fulfilment of the award of master of education degree of Kenyatta University, November, 2015


The popularity and adoption of Android smartphones has attracted malware authors to spread the malware to smartphone users. The malware on smartphone comes in various forms such as Trojans, viruses, worms and mobile botnet. However, mobile botnet or Android botnet are more dangerous since they pose serious threats by stealing user credential information, distributing spam and sending distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks. Mobile botnet is defined as a collection of compromised mobile smartphones and controlled by a botmaster through a command and control (C&C) channel to serve a malicious purpose. Current research is still lacking in terms of their low detection rate due to their selected features. It is expected that a hybrid analysis could improve the detection rate. Therefore, machine learning methods and hybrid analysis which combines static and dynamic analyses were used to analyse and classify system calls, permission and API calls. The objective of this paper is to leverage machine learning techniques to classify the Android applications (apps) as botnet or benign. The experiment used malware dataset from the Drebin for the training and mobile applications from Google Play Store for testing. The results showed that Random Forest Algorithm achieved the highest accuracy rate of 97.9%. In future, more significant approach by using different feature selection such as intent, string and system component will be further explored for a better detection and accuracy rate.


Sand production from hydrocarbon wells is known not to have any economic value. Hydroxyethyl cellulose is one of the polymers of choice used to formulate gravel carrier fluids used to transport proppants to the desired intervals in hydrocarbon wells, drilled in unconsolidated formations, to stop or minimize sand production. Viscous polymeric fluids must be degraded to ensure good wellbore cleanout and good hydrocarbon production. Polymer Degradation is a function of several variables such as temperature, pH, salinity, type and concentration of gel breakers and polymers. The success of gravel pack operations in the field depends greatly on the fluid design, which must first be qualified in the laboratory. It is often difficult to predict the degradation time of polymer fluids used in gravel pack operations because it's a function of many variables. Therefore, in this study, a more detailed study of the effect of temperature, sodium persulfate breaker concentration and hydroxyethyl cellulose polymer concentration were performed. A model equation, capable of predicting the break time of hydroxyethyl cellulose-based polymeric fluid mixed in 2% by weight of potassium chloride brine, at various temperatures for different concentrations of sodium persulfate breaker, was developed based on data from laboratory experiments with the aid of Mini tab 17 software using factorial regression analysis. From the analysis, temperature has the highest impact on the degradation rate of hydroxyethyl cellulose with an effect estimate of -281.7, while breaker concentration and polymer concentration have an effect estimate of -113.4 and 128.8 respectively. From the analysis of variance, the coefficient of determination, R Squared, was 0.8792. The process of degradation of hydroxyethyl cellulose-based fluid similar composition can be more easily and faster optimized using this model.


CIGS (copper indium gallium diselenide) is a semiconductor used in high efficiency thin film solar cells. Several of these elements are considered to be fairly rare and thus expensive. In order to ensure future supply of the metals, an efficient recycling process for CIGS is needed. We have previously published a process for the separation of high purity selenium from CIGS solar cell waste materials. In the present paper we evaluate the possibility of using high-temperature chlorination to separate copper, indium, and gallium from the residue obtained in the selenium separation process. The chlorination agents used were chlorine gas, hydrogen chloride gas, and ammonium chloride. The goal was to use different temperatures to separate the metal chlorides formed. Ammonium chloride was shown to be the most promising chlorination agent for future process optimization.


Abstract Objectives The improvement in the quality of CT imaging in recent years has led to increasing use in the preoperative workup before primary stapedotomy. The aim of this study is to determine whether routine CT scanning is justified by analysing whether the detectability of otoclerotic foci in the CT imaging is associated with a different clinical picture or surgical outcome. Methods Retrospective analysis of patient charts, CT data sets, preoperative and postoperative audiograms of 41 patients who underwent 47 primary stapedotomies. The preoperative and short-term postoperative audiometric thresholds were analysed at 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 kHz. Results In 36 of 47 ears (76.5%), fenestral otosclerosis was observed in the CT scans. Among those 36 'CT-positive' ears, five ears (13.8%) showed additional signs of retrofenestral (cochlear) otosclerosis. The preoperative audiogram results showed no significant differences in the air conduction threshold, bone conduction threshold or air-bone gap between the CT-positive and CT-negative groups. The overall average preoperative air-bone gap (26.4 dB ± 8.3 dB) improved to 12 dB (±7.6 dB) postoperatively, without a significant difference between the CT-positive and CT-negative groups. Conclusion The detectability of otosclerotic foci on CT scans did not correlate with the preoperative audiogram or the ability to close the air-bone gap postoperatively. The CT scans did not reveal new information that influenced the decision to operate or which side to operate. The findings do not support routine preoperative CT scanning in suspected otosclerosis cases. CT imaging may complement audiological tests in atypical cases. Even in straightforward cases, preoperative CT scanning may be offered to patients in order to guide the preoperative counselling. However, the patients should be made aware of the associated radiation risks.


Twelve 6-month-old growing female goats and sheep were used in this study. Blood samples were obtained in the morning before goats and sheep were given food and then at 2-h intervals for 24 h (part I). This procedure was repeated 2 weeks later (part II). Concentrations of osteocalcin (OC), activities of total (tAP) and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (bAP), degradation products of C-terminal telopeptide of type-I collagen (CrossLaps™ CL), and carboxyterminal telopeptide of type-I collagen (ICTP) were measured in serum. In both parts of the study, all bone marker concentrations were significantly higher in goats than in sheep. The OC concentrations in goats increased in the late afternoon/evening and decreased thereafter to reach values similar to those obtained at the beginning. The ICTP concentrations in goats slowly decreased until 14:00 h, increased, and decreased again. The concentrations in sheep decreased continuously but not significantly, towards the morning sampling. The CL concentrations increased in both sheep and goats during the night but at 06:00 h started to decrease to levels found at the beginning of testing. The bAP activities decreased in goats from 20:00 to 22:00 h. Changes in the concentrations of bone markers were mainly observed in goats of this study. As documented for bone resorption and formation in other species, circadian rhythms were evident for concentrations of ICTP, CL, bAP and OC. The present study indicates that growing goats may have a physiologically higher bone turn-over than growing sheep, because the bone marker concentrations were always higher.


An "arc of instability" stretching from the European Union's (EU) eastern borders down to the Mediterranean basin has undermined its flagship European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP). This policy was designed to deliver prosperity, stability and democracy to countries surrounding the EU. It has manifestly failed and needs to be radically rethought.


Taxithelium kerianum(Broth.)Broth.(Pylaisiadelphaceae,Bryophyta)from Guangxi was found and firstly recorded in China.Morphological descriptions and illustrations of T.kerianum were provided.Key to the species of Taxithelium was given and differences between T.kerianumand other species of the genus Taxitheliumdistributed in China were discussed.As a typical tropic mosses,T.kerianum mainly distributes in South Asia and its nearby areas.


Assembled 2018 Part Two includes, once again, five remarkable studies demonstrating rigor over a vast variety of themes tethered to Virtual World use. The five articles highlight new findings and pave the way for future research.


When performing Monte Carlo simulation in finance, mixture models are probabilistic models that can be used to represent subpopulations within a population. In order to simulate extreme events which can occur in the various financial markets, the subpopulations can be jumps or crashes in the market. While applying a non-Gaussian distribution is common practice for introducing these jumps, it is also reasonable to use two or more single-variate Gaussian distributions and combine them into a mixture model. We apply it to simulations from the foreign exchange markets. Generating Prices from Log Returns Performing financial analytics is now easier than ever before due to the sophistication of open source toolkits such as RStudio and web-available market datasets. When forecasting and predicting future outcomes using such data, measuring the uncertainty and risk is important. We start with the most basic properties of mixture models and then work our way into actual market events. Whether the log returns are Gaussian or normally distributed (the theoretical assumption), or not really normally distributed (the practical reality), simulating prices from log returns is important. Once we know the distribution of the log returns, simulating realistic prices allows one to go back and forth between simulated and actual market prices without losing much accuracy. R has such convenient functional programming syntax that it can really save, at times, the analyst a lot of programming. The best trick in the book for quantitative finance is the idiom Ylogrets = diff(log(Y)) Being able to apply the log() function to the vector and then feed the results into the diff() function is quite powerful. Imagine how unwieldy this is in a spreadsheet by comparison. Let's see: we must find the top and bottom of the row with the prices and create a column with the logs, now another column with the differences of the logs which is one row fewer in length. In any case, whether in a spreadsheet program or R, finding the inverse to the above equation is not quite so obvious! A little algebra will get us there, though.


Five nuts, namely almond, cashew nuts, peanuts, pine nuts and pistachio, commonly consumed in Pakistan, were analyzed for their inorganic element contents. Instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) methodology, using different irradiation, cooling and counting protocols, was adopted to determine Al, Br, Ca, Cl, Co, Cs, Eu, Fe, Hg, K, La, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Rb, Sc, Se, Sr and Zn. The investigated nuts were found to contain substantial amounts of Ca, Cl, Fe, Mg, K, Na and Zn. Dietary intake of the essential inorganic elements present in these nuts, as compared to the recommended dietary allowance, has also been calculated. This has further substantiated the nutrient role of nuts in the prevention of cardiovascular disease, as in addition to their established efficacy in improving the lipid profile, they are a rich source of cardioprotective trace elements such as magnesium, zinc, iron and calcium. Toxic elements were present in very low concentrations in nuts.


In today's competitive world, every institute needs to keep their academic standard as high as possible. It becomes mandatory for all most all the institutes to maintain the quality in technical education as well as to produce the skilled graduates. In order to produce the skill graduates, the Institute always rely on different programs which is responsible for producing the high calibre graduate. As of now, there is no such application available which will automate at least the process of reducing the clerical work required for preparing the course file to evaluate the Course Outcome with Program Outcome .NBA has laid down the guidelines for each program through the means of rubrics to undergo this evaluation process which implies the accreditation grade to be given from NBA committee. This application allows the faculty to enter the details about their courses in terms of mapping with PO, PSO and Bloom's Taxonomy. The application calculates the PO attainment which helps the faculty about the existing gap which further can be improved in the next semester.Hence such type of application will assist the faculty to reduce their workload regarding the individual course.


Pulp and paper process residuals are primarily made up of lignin, cellulose and semicellulose. In this study we attempted to apply environmentally friendly and economically feasible technologies to separate and utilize those components for beneficial purposes. Biological acid precipitation was shown to be suitable for the separation of lignin from the process wastewater. In the case of cellulose and semicellulose, bioconversion was explored to produce fuel ethanol using simultaneous saccharification and cofermentation (SSCF). The organic acids (mainly citric acid and acetic acid) produced from Saccharomycopsis Lipolytic can be achieved at the lowest pH (3.6) and in this situation the maximum lignin precipitation (78.6%) occurred. Biological acid precipitation also leads to good removal of COD and color, reaching 87.6% and 68.4%, respectively. Bioconversion of pulp and paper sludge by SSCF resulted in maximum ethanol concentration of 5.69g/L using mixed cultures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Escherichia coli KO11.


As an introduction to the works presented inthis issue, author discusses the differences between thetwo disciplines, shared concepts and ideas, and howthe works represent ways that architects and artistsinteract with their respective cultural heritage and reality.


Production and purification process of pigmented epithelium-derived retinal in a yeast system factor. The present invention relates to a process for producing and purifying molecules PEDF and mutated versions and / or truncated said molecule in a yeast expression system. It also aims to protect the molecules themselves PEDF directly obtained and the use thereof in the preparation of pharmaceutical compositions. The method comprises the steps of obtaining the DNA of PEDF at least from cells pigment epithelium retina, obtain mutant versions and / or truncated clone constructions in an expression vector yeast, transform and select clones of yeast inoculate with the clones obtained, the growth medium of yeast induce PEDF full or truncated yeast factor, removing cells from the culture by centrifugation, change the culture medium in which the entire PEDF are present and / or truncated, purified and isolated.


BACKGROUND
Wine polyphenols have antioxidant properties. Different polyphenols have various biological activities on atherogenesis and carcinogenesis.

MATERIAL AND METHODS
The composition on 5 polyphenols of 16 wines of Castilla (Spain) is determined by HPLC.

RESULTS
Polyphenols concentrations varied largely among the different wines. Most red wines had higher amounts of polyphenols than white wines.

CONCLUSIONS
The diverse composition on polyphenols of each wine allows to suggest different biological effects.


In this paper, a real‐time tracking/synthesis loop is proposed to animate the eye texture of a 3D head model using a video camera. The user's eyes, captured by a video camera, are tracked by means of a frame‐rate pupil detector technique, based on an active illumination scheme. A small area of interest is selected around each pupil detected in the video. These areas contain the eye and eyebrow features. Substituting the captured areas on the texture of the 3D model, animation of the eyes and eyebrows is created. To avoid the 'collage' effect, the extracted areas are colour‐corrected, stretched and blended with the texture. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Online Shop Shaqueena is an independent business sector engaged in selling beauty masks and various types of skincare products. For the sake of smooth business, the Shaqueena Store maintains good relations with consumers. One of the things that is done to establish good relations with consumers is to provide rewards or awards to the best customers. Based on observations, the process of selecting and recommending the best customers at the Shaqueena store is still done manually and randomly without using the help of the system. This manual and random selection is ineffective because the selection process itself is time-consuming and results in a lack of accuracy on which customers will be rewarded. This study aims to implement the SMART method in the reward system for customers. In its application the system is built using web-based programming and the PHP programming language with MySQL as the storage database. The method used in this study is the SMART method. Where SMART has flexibility in weighting, so it is suitable to be applied to the selection of rewards where there is no assessment weight. The result of this research is a website-based decision support system.


Ground response to the construction of the Crossrail tunnels in London Clay beneath Hyde Park has been modelled numerically using advanced finite-element analyses. The soil model used for modelling the London Clay was a kinematic hardening soil model (named M2-SKH). This model, when used for the St James's Park greenfield site, provided excellent predictions of tunnelling-induced ground movements. Comparison of the results from the analysis of the Hyde Park greenfield site with associated field monitoring data also suggests excellent predictions, even though in this case the tunnels were: of larger diameter; deeper in the London Clay; and constructed with earth-pressure-balance machines. The influence of lining permeability was found to influence significantly short- and longer-term predictions. Interpretation of the predicted surface and subsurface vertical and horizontal displacements due to the construction of the Crossrail tunnels exemplifies how numerical analysis can assist in explaining and identif...


primary adaptations for enhanced signal detection but also as byproducts of anatomical and physiological adaptations. For example, anatomical changes to auditory structures that may be related to withstanding pressure effects in diving mammals may have indirect effects on hearing capabilities. Consideration of hearing capabilities provides important insight into the evolutionary, ecological, and behavioural significance of sound in the lives of animals. Although recent progress has been made in our understanding of sound detection in some marine mammals, a good deal remains to be learned about hearing in marine carnivores. Such knowledge will improve our ability to mitigate the effects of human disturbance in marine coastal habitats.


Abstract: As the custodian of the National Measurement Standards (NMS), the vibration laboratory of the National Metrology Institute of South Africa (NMISA) has developed a mechanical shock calibration system in response to the requirements of industry. This project was an extension of the recently implemented dynamic force calibration system. This paper discusses the measurement system and its components, as well as the calibration procedure to be followed. The determination of the peak acceleration as a result of the generation of the shock pulse is discussed, indicating the chain of traceability to the International System of units (SI). The paper concludes with a discussion of the calibration results and an overview of the measurement uncertainty.


This study aimed to evaluate the factors used for develop a best model of multigroup moderator-mediator effect on motivation among youth in higher education institution towards volunteerism program. The data be collected through questionnaires distributed at four higher education institution. This questionnaire is constructed based on five dimension which is motivation, benefits, goverment support, barrier and challenges. The data were distributed by using stratified sampling technique and involving 453 respodents . In this case, the data were analyzed through Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) by using Analysis Moment of Structural (AMOS) 18.0 to examine the influence of exogenous and endogenous variables. As a result showed that the goverment support is significant and direct influences on motivation, benefits, challenges and barrier. Moreover, the benefits and barrier is significant and direct influence on motivation while the challenges is insignificant influence on motivation. In generals, the findings revealed that benefits influence is most crucial for motivation of volunteerism. Next, moderation procedure is apply to examine the strength of influence of relationship between these variables. The findings suggest all path are insignificant unless goverment support on benefits.


We present an epi-detected quadruple-modal nonlinear optical microscopic imaging technique (i.e., coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS), second-harmonic generation (SHG), third-harmonic generation (THG), and two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF)) based on a picosecond (ps) laser-pumped optical parametric oscillator system for label-free imaging of the tooth. We demonstrate that high contrast ps-CARS images covering both the fingerprint (500–1800 cm−1) and high-wavenumber (2500–3800 cm−1) regions can be acquired to uncover the distributions of mineral and organic biomaterials in the tooth, while high quality TPEF, SHG, and THG images of the tooth can also be acquired under ps laser excitation without damaging the samples. The quadruple-modal nonlinear microscopic images (CARS/SHG/THG/TPEF) acquired provide better understanding of morphological structures and biochemical/biomolecular distributions in the dentin, enamel, and the dentin-enamel junction of the tooth without labeling, facilitating optical diagnosis and characterization of the tooth in dentistry.


In this article, two main requirements on medical documentation in the field of assisted technologies at home (so called AAL) and a process model are introduced. For an integrated health care, the medical documents make interoper- ability possible. These document formats should be able to be at least structured for further information processing. In the field of AAL it is important to store functional aspects of human ac- tivities and data containing uncertainty because patient's health state is measured in a different way than in hospitals. Unknown states of circumstances and context, bad quality sensors and 24/7 measurements can be made. This leads to data containing uncertainty and trends (e.g fitness trend). This data can be stored in structured medical documents though data types and code systems. CDA documents are a medical standard format with a machine-processable and human-readable part. CDA has to be extended in order to be able to represent functional data through equation and data with uncertainty. A process model supports the creation of structured medical documents with AAL-specific data. It supports the mapping of AAL data into a structured document by an application flow. This process is supported by a model-driven technique which makes data description and transformation possible.


Companies making initial public offerings in Greece were obliged to include next year"s profit in the new issue prospectuses until the regulations changed to voluntary status. This study takes advantage of these two regulatory regimes and compares the accuracy of earnings forecasts under both mandatory and voluntary disclosure environments. Findings indicate behavioural change, as pessimistic earnings forecasts during the mandatory era turn optimistic in the voluntary period. The comparison of these two regimes suggests that mandatory earnings forecasts can force firms to forecast that have neither the incentives nor the ability to do so. Instead, the results imply that regulations penalizing IPOs for providing highly inaccurate forecasts appear to be a more appropriate regulatory strategy. Accuracy of earnings improves after the introduction of voluntary disclosures where firms that provide forecasts are characterized as mature, with high demand multiple and low retained ownership.


Virtual assistants have proprietary third-party skill platforms; they train and own the voice interface to websites based on their submit-ted skill information. This paper proposes Schema2QA, an open-source toolkit that leverages the Schema.org markup found in many websites to automatically build skills. Schema2QA has several ad-vantages: (1) Schema2QA is more accurate than commercial assistants in answering compositional queries involving multiple properties; (2) it has a low-cost training data acquisition methodol-ogy that requires only writing a small number of annotations per domain and paraphrasing a small number of sentences. Schema2QA uses a novel neural model that combines the BERT pretrained model with an LSTM; the model can generalize a training set containing only synthesized and paraphrase data to understand real-world crowdsourced questions. We apply Schema2QA to two different domains, showing that the skills we built can answer useful queries with little manual effort. Our skills achieve an overall accuracy between 73% and 81%. With transfer learning, we show that a new domain can achieve a 59% accuracy without manual effort. The open-source Schema2QA lets each website create and own its linguistic interface.


Arnim [Leipzig, 1927, Teubner. Pp. viii + 90] (Ammon). Accurate and serviceable index to Books IV. and V.—Dionysii Byzantii Anaplus Bospori, una cum scholiis X. saeculi. Ed. et illustr. R. Gungerich [Berlin, 1927, Weidmann. Pp. lxxvi + 95] (Sykutris). Few editions of ancient geographers show so much carefulness and good judgment.— J. L. Heiberg, Theodosius Sphaerica and R. Fecht, Theodosii de habilitationibus liber, de diebus et noctibus libri duo [Abhandl. Ld. Ges. d. Wiss. zu Gottingen, N.F. XIX., 3 and 4. Pp. xvi+ 199 and 176] (Gohlke). The first edition of Th., who deserves to be more widely known. Variant readings of six MSS. given in full; new Latin translation opposite Greek text. Reviewer thanks editors for their patience and skill. LATIN LITERATURE. — Albii Tibulli aliorumgue carminum libri IV. Rec, praef., app. crit. instr. F. Calonghi [Turin, 1928, Paravia. Pp. viii + 93] (F. Levy). Welcomed by reviewer as a substantial achievement, in spite of differences of opinion about MS. tradition. In general C.'s apparatus is most reliable, and he is cautious in admitting emendations in the text.—T. Frank, Catullus and Horace. Two poets in their environment [New York, 1928, Holt and Co. Pp. 291] (Helm). Unites philological exactness with strong powers of combination and skill in presentation.—Fragmenta Poetarum Latinorum. Ed.W. Morel [Leipzig, 1927, Teubner. Pp. vi+190] (F. Levy). Intended to take place of Baehrens' edition (1886). Careful collection with short textual and exegetical notes.—K. Strecker, Einfiihrung in das Mittellatein [Berlin, 1928, Weidmann. Pp. 42] (Manitius). Contains great variety of information, and entirely serves its purpose. Very warmly recommended. HISTORY.—W. Schur, Scipio Africanus und die Begriindung der romischen Weltherrschaft [Leipzig, 1927, Dieterich. Pp. 144] (Lenschau). Portrait of Scipio that differs in many points from previous sketches. Tendency to over-estimate, but good observations. RELIGION.—H. M. R. Leopold, De ontwikkeling van het heidendom in Rome [Rotterdam, 1918, W. and J. Brusse. Pp. xvi +162] (Kraemer). This most valuable, full, and clearly arranged book is very warmly recommended by reviewer, who gives detailed summary of contents. ARCHAEOLOGY.—The Erechtheum. Measured, drawn, and restored by G. T. Stevens; text by L. D. Caskey, H. N. Fowler, J. M. Paton, G. P. Stevens [Cambridge, Mass., 1927, Harvard Univ. Press] (Dorpfeld). In very lengthy discussion reviewer praises drawings and chapters containing detailed descriptions of Erechtheum, but disagrees with P.'s account of history of building.—A. J. B. Wace, A CretanStatuette in the Fitzwilliam Museum. A study in Minoan costume [Cambridge Univ. Press, 1927. Pp. ix+49, with 13 plates and 2 figures] (Bieber). Reviewer gives reasons for regarding statuette as forgery, but commends W.'s treatment of Minoan drapery from textile side.—F. Hertlein, O. Paret, P. Gossler, DieRomerin Wiirttemberg. Teill. F. Hertlein, Die Geschichte der Besetzung des romischen Wiirttembergs [Stuttgart, 1928, Kohlhammer. With 14 plates, 3 maps, and 5 figures] (Giindel). Important addition to our knowledge of Roman frontier works in South Germany from Augustan age to fifth century.


Current State-of-the-Art image captioning systems that can read and integrate read text into the generated descriptions need high processing power and memory usage, which limits the sustainability and usability of the models (as they require expensive and very specialized hardware). The present work introduces two alternative versions (L-M4C and L-CNMT) of top architectures (on the TextCaps challenge), which were mainly adapted to achieve near-State-of-The-Art performance while being memory-lighter when compared to the original architectures, this is mainly achieved by using distilled or smaller pre-trained models on the text-and-OCR embedding modules. On the one hand, a distilled version of BERT was used in order to reduce the size of the text-embedding module (the distilled model has 59% fewer parameters), on the other hand, the OCR context processor on both architectures was replaced by Global Vectors (GloVe), instead of using FastText pre-trained vectors, this can reduce the memory used by the OCR-embedding module up to a 94% . Two of the three models presented in this work surpassed the baseline (M4C-Captioner) of the challenge on the evaluation and test sets, also, our best lighter architecture reached a CIDEr score of 88.24 on the test set, which is 7.25 points above the baseline model.


The article starts with a brief description of the multiscale numerical terrain-induced turbulence prediction system developed and implemented at 20 Norwegian airports located in hilly areas. The brief description is followed by a quantitative description of the computational demand and robustness of the model. In the following section, results from the numerical model is compared against synoptic data obtained from airports and Flight Data Recorder (FDR) of some aircrafts. Finally, a strategy to communicate the predictions of the numerical tool to the Air Traffic Management in real time is explained. The tool has been approved by the Norwegian Civil Aviation Authority (NCAA) and has been fully operational since 1st July 2009.


The House of Lords has confirmed that the law of confidential information confers rights on a third party who enters into an exclusive contract with celebrities regarding the exploitation of their images or other confidential or private information about them.


If a gas has long-range Coulomb interactions and shortrange interaction, e.g., hard core repulsions, three lengths enter the problem: the radius of the repulsive core, d, the mean interparticle distance, r/sub 0/, and lambda /sub D/ the Debye-Huckel radius, (8 pi Ne/sup 2//VkT)/sup -1/2/. A method was presented of obtaining the equation of state when, in the first instance lambda >> r/sub 0/>> d, which enables one to obtain higher-order terms in a simple way, and these are calculated. In order to relax the condition lambda /sub D/>>r/sub 0/, a variational method is employed which shows that the usual Debye-Huckel theory makes the grand thermodynamic potential an extremum, the exact result lying between the perfect gas and the Debye- Huckel gas. The results enable one to estimate the contributions to the virial expansion of collective oscillations and of shielded particle encounters, while avoiding difficulties such as are associated with redundant coordinates. The extension of the results to the quantum mechanical case are briefly commented upon. (auth)


Understanding the social processes that support innovations in new biotechnologies presents an interesting challenge. Evidence from the Australian bioindustry reveals how the development and integration of new biotechnologies is a dynamic social process. Our findings highlight how new technology acceptance and integration rested on the micro-politics of sense-making and relational networking.


Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) played a key role in the immune system to destroy the tumor cells. Although some mechanisms of CTLs killing the tumor cells are revealed already, the dynamic information of CTLs interaction with tumor cells are still not known very clearly. Here we used confocal microscopy to visualize the whole process of CTLs killing the tumor cells in vitro. The imaging data showed that CTLs destroyed the target tumor cells rapidly and efficiently. Several CTLs surrounded one or some tumor cells and the average time for CTLs destroying one tumor cell is just a few minutes in vitro. The study displayed the temporal events of CTLs interacting with tumor cells at the beginning and finally killing them and directly presented the efficient tumor cell cytotoxicity of the CTLs. The results helped us to deeply understand the mechanism of the CTLs destroying the tumor cells and to develop the cancer immunotherapy.


Cardiovascular decision support is one area of increasing research interest. On-going collaborations between clinicians and computer scientists are looking at the application of knowledge discovery in databases to the area of patient diagnosis, based on clinical records. A fuzzy rule-based system for risk estimation of cardiovascular patients is proposed. It uses a group of fuzzy rules as a knowledge representation about data pertaining to cardiovascular patients. Several algorithms for the discovery of an easily readable and understandable group of fuzzy rules are formalized and analysed. The accuracy of risk estimation and the interpretability of fuzzy rules are discussed. Our study shows, in comparison to other algorithms used in knowledge discovery, that classification with a group of fuzzy rules is a useful technique for risk estimation of cardiovascular patients.


We propose single jet triggers for CMS and simulate an analysis of the dijet mass distribution based on these triggers. A full trigger table for single jets is developed, including thresholds and prescales at L1 and HLT. The evolution of the table with instantaneous luminosity is presented, and the rates expected from the trigger are estimated. We present an analysis of the QCD dijet mass distribution that would result from taking data with this trigger. For three different samples of data corresponding to 100 pb−1, 1 fb−1, and 10 fb−1we estimate the expected statistical and systematic uncertainty on the cross section versus dijet mass.


Summary

Immunostimulants activate nonspecific defence mechanisms, cell-mediated immunity and specific immune responses. Immunostimulants can be administered before, with, or after vaccines to amplify the specific immune response in generating elevations of humoral antibody levels and the number of antibody-secreting cells (ASC). Special applications of immunostimulants include assisting spray or other regimens to increase the topical uptake of vaccines. In the present study, the influence of dimerized lysozyme (KLP-602) and inosine pranobex (gro-prinosin) on the cellular and humoral immune response after in vitro and in vivo immunization of rainbow trout with Yersinia ruckeri vaccine (Yersivax) was determined. Immunostimulants were administered by injection before, with, or after the vaccine applied by immersion. ELISPOT assays were used for the quantification of total and specific ASC after in vitro and in vivo immunization. Also, the specific immune response was determined 7, 14, 18, 21, 28, 35 and 45 days after in vivo immunization. Immunostimulants administered before, with, or after the vaccine increased cell-mediated immunity and the specific immune response, compared with the control groups (vaccine only). The higher responses (adjuvant effect) after the application of dimerized lysozyme (KLP-602) were observed in each experimental study.


The Lacq gas field, a large scale fractured reservoir subjected to a significant dep- letion in its production life, has been investigated. A fully coupled model - two phase fluid flow in deformable fractured porous media - has been utilised in the investigation. Spatial discretisation of the governing equations has been achieved using the standard Galerkin me- thod while the finite difference technique is employed for the discretisation of the time do- main. A three dimensional finite element model representing a quarter of the reservoir and surrounding rock layers has been created and subjected to the actual course of field produc- tion from 1957 to 1989. A good agreement has been found between simulation results and field data on reservoir pressure evolution, maximum ground settlement and subsidence profile along the northwest-southeast direction.


A communication terminal is described comprising a transceiver configured to communicate using carrier aggregation according to a first carrier aggregation setting, a detector configured to detect a need for the communication terminal to reduce its power consumption and a controller configured to initiate a switch from the first carrier aggregation setting to a second carrier aggregation setting with reduced power consumption compared to the first carrier aggregation setting if the detector has detected a need for the communication terminal to reduce its power consumption.


During the cable TV digitalization conversion,operation and maintenance,which are based on the integrated platform of city-country level,and combining with full understanding of Wujin overall management characteristics and individual needs,this paper gives many innovative approaches implemented in sub-front construction,network transformation,high-power medium-wave radio station interference,program authorization,STB and Card Match,overall conversion,STB maintenance and etc.The overall conversion,operation and maintenance for 300,000 customers of the entire region have been efficiently,smoothly and safely completed.


Objective To study the relationship between congenital cleft lip/palate and maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy. Documents about the relationship between congenital cleft lip/palate and maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy were collected. Synthetic quantitative and qualitative analysis were used to analyze these documents by means of meta-analysis. Results Statistically significant association between maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy and congenital cleft lip/palate was found. The overall odds ratio was 1.369 for CLP (cleft lip/palate)?1.387 for CL±P (cleft lip with or without cleft palate) and 1.269 for CP(cleft palate). [Conclusion] Maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy increase the risk of having a child with CLP.


A field experiment was conducted during the 2018 and 2019 rice growing seasons at The Experimental Farm of Rice Research and Training Center, Sakha, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt, to study the effect of foliar application of NPK (20:20:20) or urea combined with different nitrogen levels on grain yield and quality of Sakha 109 rice variety. Urea (46.5% N) and complex paste water-soluble NPK fertilizer (20:20:20) were used as the nutrient sources for the experimental treatments. For foliar application, NPK was used at the rate of 2 gm per liter of water and nitrogen used was at the concentration of 2% as urea. The field experiments were laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with four replications. The studied characteristics were chlorophyll content (SPAD value) at 55 days after transplanting, plant height at harvest, number of panicles per hill, panicle length, panicle weight, number of filled grains per panicle, unfilled grains percentage, 1000-grain weight, grain yield, straw yield and grain quality characteristics (hulling, milling and head rice percentages). N and K uptake (kg ha-1) were also determined. All studied characteristics were significantly influenced by the foliar fertilizer application in the two seasons. Application of NPK or N alone twice might improve rice grain yield and quality. The economic feasibility indicated that the application of 123.75 kg N ha-1 combined with foliar application of NPK or 2% nitrogen twice recorded the highest values of gross return and net return as well as a benefit-cost ratio.


For the first time, short-chain organic acids are described from serpentine-associated interstitial waters. In this geologic setting, formate typically dominates the organic acid assemblage. Within the forearc setting, the organic acids are associated only with unconsolidated serpentine. Their existence may be the result of alkaline hydrolysis of ester linkages in organic matter that has been entrained in the serpentine diapir.


Abstract Background The global effort to vaccinate people against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) during an ongoing pandemic has raised questions about how vaccine breakthrough infections compare with infections in immunologically naive individuals and the potential for vaccinated individuals to transmit the virus. Methods We examined viral dynamics and infectious virus shedding through daily longitudinal sampling in 23 adults infected with SARS-CoV-2 at varying stages of vaccination, including 6 fully vaccinated individuals. Results The durations of both infectious virus shedding and symptoms were significantly reduced in vaccinated individuals compared with unvaccinated individuals. We also observed that breakthrough infections are associated with strong tissue compartmentalization and are only detectable in saliva in some cases. Conclusions Vaccination shortens the duration of time of high transmission potential, minimizes symptom duration, and may restrict tissue dissemination.


Herein we describe the presentation of drug‐induced lupus in an 89‐year‐old woman with end‐stage kidney disease (estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) 11 mL/min per 1.73 m2) who had chosen a conservative non‐dialysis pathway of care, and highlight the role of a pharmacist in identifying drug‐related problems.


(A) MACROSCOPIC (EXTRA-TISSULAR) VASCULARIZATION OF THE PRIMARY OPTIC PATHWAYS The central retinal artery, though making use of the optic nerve to reach the retina, supplies only the latter. The optic nerve itself is supplied on the one hand by the central artery of the optic nerve-an axial system derived from the ophthalmic artery-and on the other hand by peripheral vessels localized in the pia mater and dependent not only on the ophthalmic artery but also on the ciliary arteries and sometimes even on the extra-optical part of the central retinal artery (Fig. 1).


There has been a paradigm shift in web browsing with the advent of mobile devices. More people now browse the internet from their smart phones and tablets than ever before. At the same time the web is evolving and web pages are becoming more complicated in terms of both layout and content. The intersection of the two, that is, viewing these web pages on mobile devices poses serious challenges due to the severely constrained screen dimensions of these devices. Newer websites have started to provide mobile versions of their sites that are adapted for viewing on mobile devices. However, most of the content on the web remains unsuitable for viewing on mobile devices, especially static HTML pages that precede CSS3. This paper presents an approach to solve this problem by considering each web page as a composition of content blocks. It attempts to identify blocks most relevant to the content of the page and the relationships between them. It then rearranges these blocks in a way that preserves their prominence and the relationships between them. Displaying relevant content blocks prominently would preserve the intent of the author.


Aims: The study focuses on an empirical analysis of a macroeconomic indicators system, that reflect the level and pace of a country's socio-economic development, such as CPI, PPI, GDP per capita, exchange rate, taking into account the consequences of the COVID19 pandemic and oil prices on the example Republic of Azerbaijan. Study Design: The study consists of four sections. It includes Introduction, Literature Review, Methodology, Results and Discussion and Conclusion. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted for 4 months of 2020 in the department of "Mathematical support of economic research" of the Institute of Economics of Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences. Methodology: Within the dynamic VEC model, taking into account the COVID19 pandemic and oil prices, the long-run and short-run effects of macro indicators system on each other were studied by means of causality, impulse responses and variance decomposition on the monthly statistics covering the period 2015M01-2020M07 for the Republic of Azerbaijan. Results: Calculations based on the established stable VEC (5) model revealed that there is a longterm causal relationship from the triad (CPI, PPI, Ex_Rate) to all endogenous variables. There are a short-term bi-directional causal relationship between CPI and GDP_Per_Capita and between PPI Original Research Article Davudova; AJEBA, 19(3): 22-46, 2020; Article no.AJEBA.62139 23 and Ex_Rate. From PPI and Ex_Rate to GDP_Per_Capita; from Ex_Rate to CPI, there are a unidirectional short-term causal relationship. Conclusion: Summarizing the results, we can write the following long-term expressions: the change a) in the GDP_per_Cap is influenced by the PPI and CPI variables negatively, and Ex_Rate – positively; b) in the CPI is influenced by the GDP_per_Cap and PPI variables negatively, and Ex_Rate – positively; c) in the PPI is influenced by the Ex_Rate and CPI variables negatively, and GDP_per_Cap – positively, so that the negative influence of the CPI is greater; d) in the Ex_Rate is influenced by the PPI and CPI variables negatively, and GDP_per_Cap – positively. Has been also identified that the indicator PPI has a more negative effect on changes in GDP_per_Cap, CPI and Ex_Rate.


Sport value is not only the effective basis and social premise of sport existence, but also the fundamental motive force of sport development. And the value nature of sport wealth: health, fitness, education, relax entertainment, fashion, exercise experience, pressure release, human intercourse are the 8 essential functions of sport and the value source of modern wealthy sports. To develop sport industry and unearth sport wealth means to design and develop varied and individualized sport service products and items based on the essential functions of sport and to encourage and guide people to make sport consumption substantially, symbolically and positionally.


The task of defining the concept of 'disability' has proven to be surprisingly difficult. The way disability is assessed in the world suggests that very different conceptions of disability are being presumed. It is very hard to suggest appropriate criteria for assessing a disability that accurately demonstrates the presence and measures the severity of the disability, with proven consistency and validity provided by the assessors consuming the time and cost that the society can afford. When a rigorous framework in disability assessment procedures is used, discretion is then considerably restricted. Limited discretion tends to produce more consistency and validity in the assessment but at the cost of ignoring the individual differences or exceptional circumstances. The disability approach among the categories of the disability assessment is both the oldest and the most commonly used strategy of disability assessment around the world. Most of the criteria of disability assessment in Korea belongs to this. The McBride's criteria for disability evaluations can be used to obtain the ratio of body impairment and work disability without spending too much time and is being applied in court. Nevertheless, there are many errors and controversies, and corrections are required. On the other hand, an improvement plan for a disability evaluation method in Korea is to supplement and use the McBride's disability assessment method, which is currently the most widely used. This review article describes the conception of disability and the assessment of disability, and introduces the models of the assessment of disability to determine if the application of the McBride's criteria of disability evaluation can be justified.


A sampling exercise is described which has proved effective for both undergraduate and graduate sections of marketing research. The goal of this sampling exercise is to give students experience in drawing various types of samples, including simple random, systematic, cluster, and snowball samples. In addition, this exercise enables students to appreciate, perhaps for the first time, some of the underlying theories and benefits of probability-based sampling methods.


The article analyses technical literature on route taxis in Volgograd comprised of local engineers' publications (architects, urban planners, transport workers). The authors consider engineers as unacknowledged sociologists who make descriptions of contemporary Russian society in terms of their own public transport surveys. Therefore technical literature is regarded not as an object of analysis, but as analytical tool that helps to pose research questions and hypotheses for proper sociological study. Formal analysis of the literature gives some suggestions about the social structure of local community of public transport technical researchers. The content-analysis of the publications helps to highlight "common places" of technical discourse on route taxis such as: 1) increasing number of route taxis and routes as a part of automobilization in contemporary Russia and 2) problems of route taxis' safety.


The use of two antipsychotics simultaneously, sometimes called antipsychotic polypharmacy, is a debatable contemporary practice in psychiatry, based more upon experience than evidence (1, 2). Whereas antipsychotic monotherapies are well accepted for the treatment of psychosis because of compelling evidence from numerous large randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses (3, 4), antipsychotic polypharmacy is a growing practice that is derived from clinical experience, small trials and case reports (2, 5). Should treatment decisions with these important drugs be based upon evidence, experience or both (3, 6, 7)? Some argue that the practice of medicine is an art, and clinical trial evidence needs to be balanced with descriptive experiences from cases (6). Others worry that too much faith in clinical experience is nothing more than eminence-based medicine (7) that can lead to making the same mistakes with increasing confidence over an impressive number of years (8). The case of antipsychotic polypharmacy is especially problematic in terms of the evidence versus the experience and also the costs of this practice. The new generation antipsychotics, known as atypical antipsychotics , and exemplified by risperidone, olanzapine, quetiapine and ziprasidone, are rapidly replacing early generation conventional antipsychotics in clinical practice because their incremental benefits are well documented in numerous evidence-based studies that compare monotherapies to each other and ⁄or to placebo (3, 4). This evidence is good as far as it goes, but often fails to address certain patients of great concern to clinicians, namely those who do not respond to antipsychotic monotherapies and those for whom a greater than median improvement of psychosis (usually defined as >30% reduction of symptoms in randomized controlled trials) is sought. For these patients, there is a growing body of experience that antipsychotic polypharmacy may be useful. Freudenreich and Goff (2) in this issue present a much needed review of the evidence that does exist for the risks and benefits of this practice and propose testable hypotheses that might provide a rationale for prescribers to use antipsychotic polypharmacy. There is good news and bad news to this approach. The good news is that symptom-focused studies can be designed with adequate power and sample sizes to determine whether antipsychotic polypharmacy is useful and safe. The bad news is that antipsychotic combination treatment clearly requires further studies before clinical recommendations can be made (2). This leaves the prescriber in a dilemma: what do you do now when there is no compelling evidence on which to base a clinical decision to use antipsychotic polypharmacy? Freudenreich and Goff (2) propose some useful clinical tips and also point out some potential pitfalls for how to deal with the complex issue of antipsychotic polypharmacy while compelling evidence for or against this practice is being generated. First, prescribers must optimize monotherapies prior to attempting polypharmacy. Too often monotherapies are tried for only 4–8 weeks, but the evidence suggests that it can take 16 weeks or longer for the majority of patients to improve symptoms by 30% (9) and up to a year for some patients to improve by 60% (10). Secondly, a pitfall to avoid is the common fallacy that improvement after adding drug B to drug A is because of synergy between them. It is also possible that the improvement is because of drug B alone, and that drug A should be discontinued. It is even possible that the improvement is because of more time on drug A alone, and that drug B should be discontinued. Another issue of growing concern is how much of our limited resources to allocate to polypharmacy. A recent study of polypharmacy within the California Medicaid program showed that 11% of patients received two antipsychotics for more than 60 consecutive days (5) and about half of these, orapproximately 5000 patients, received two of the first-line agents risperidone, olanzapine or This issue of Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica also includes a short biography of Stephen M. Stahl. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2002: 106: 321–322 Printed in UK. All rights reserved Copyright a Blackwell Munksgaard 2002


Traditional model of cellular automata is implemented by the software.Subject to the characteristic of a processor which executes instructions sequentially and the special data structure of the cellular automata,it's hard to achieve both high speed and high precision.In this paper,we have implemented the model on a FPGA device.The hardware model can compute concurrently,and then significantly improve the computing speed.The rapid expansion of FPGA chips offers possibility for the realization of high precision.We designed a cellular automata hardware model and embedded it on a SOPC system as an IP core.Then we simulated the model under the control of a host computer.Hardware model can correctly perform the evolution algorithm in a clock period.Compared with the software model,the hardware model can significantly improve the efficiency of the simulation.


The paper evaluates similarity of transmission mechanisms of the CEE countries and the Euro zone. Comparison of transmission mechanisms is conducted using VAR model and impulse response functions of main economic variables to an unexpected monetary policy tightening. An unexpected rise in interest rates is followed by a fall in output, other reactions usually differ for CEECs and the Euro zone members. The price puzzle still occurs in the CEE economies. Different reactions are reason for careful consideration of the Euro adoption.


Funding information Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR), Grant/Award Number: 22(0753)/17/EMR-II) Abstract In this paper, an advanced integrator is proposed for the estimation of stator flux in a direct torque control (DTC) drive. A two-level lookup table-based direct torque-controlled interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) drive is implemented. DTC has the inherent disadvantage of DC drift and saturation in stator flux estimation due to a pure integrator. In the proposed work, a different approach to estimate stator flux is reported overcoming the constraints of a pure integrator in DTC. An advanced integrator with an adaptive controller is implemented to determine the stator flux and enrich the performance of the drive. A comparison of transient and steady-state analysis is carried out when IPMSM is fed by a low-pass filter-based DTC and proposed stator flux estimatorbased DTC. To make the system mechanically robust, stator current-based model reference adaptive control is executed to estimate the motor speed. A mathematical derivation for the stability study of the adaptation mechanism is carried out using Popov's hyperstability criteria. The proposed algorithm is implemented in the MATLAB/Simulink environment and the soundness of the proposed work is presented by simulation results. Moreover, the experimental analysis using dSPACE1104 justifies the simulation results of the proposed system.


Referee #1: This is a generally well written and interesting manuscript describing novel measurements of Dimethylsulfide (DMS, DMSPd and DMSPp) concentrations and dynamics (derived from labelled DMSP and DMSO isotopic marker incubations) in Arctic sea ice melt ponds. A shortcoming of the paper is that it is based on a rather limited dataset with consequent problems for statistical analyses. Only two (brackish) melt ponds were sampled for incubations in this study, and statistics are based on an N=2 (with additional duplicate but apparently dependent samples taken from each incubation). While a t-test can be employed for a dataset with an N=2(4), the dataset


This study presents an integrated work alienation model that includes a number of relevant exogenous antecedents from the task, supervisory, and organizational structure domains. The study hypothesizes that these antecedents influence work alienation of marketing employees both directly and indirectly because of the effects they have on employees' role stress and commitment to the organization. Simultaneous inclusion of relevant antecedents enables the study to establish the relative importance of each antecedent for work alienation of employees. The study also includes a comparative evaluation of the applicability of the proposed model for subgroups of employees stratified by gender.


Great Salt Lake is the largest lake west of the Mississippi River. It is one of the saltiest bodies of water in the world, and a remnant of the ancient freshwater Lake Bonneville. At the average level (4,200 ft above sea level) Great Salt Lake is 75 miles long and 35 miles wide at its widest point. The lake is quite shallow, with an average depth of only 14 feet. At its greatest depth the lake is approximately 34 feet deep.


The purpose of this study is to examine the translation patterns of affirmative English sentences into negative Korean sentences. In this way, negative words are inserted when translated into Korean. This study was conducted by classifying and analyzing the addition of negatives to English-Korean translation into four types of English-Korean parallel corpus. First, when stative verbs are translated, negatives can be found inserted in the sentence to reveal the opposite of the will of the subject. Second, negative words are inserted when translating gradable adjectives in English into Korean to reveal the speaker''s intentions through the effect of semantic dilution. Third, not only verbs or prepositions that already imply negation but adverbs with limited meaning in the source language are translated with negatives. Lastly, characteristics of result-oriented Korean language, the more specific explanation of semantic implication, and clarification of the main meaning lead to the insertion of the negatives in the process of translating. (Busan institute of science and technology)


Reflecting on their experiences of change within the English higher education sector, the authors provide several essays that relate to the slippery concept of 'teaching excellence' and its achievement. The discussion builds on narratives engendered by the contemporary political and regulatory landscape, emphasising the role of the Office for Students (OfS), the UK Department of Education, and the impact of the Teaching Excellence Framework (TEF). HE practitioners may find some close parallels between the discourses presented across the five chapters of this slim volume and those they encounter day-to-day with colleagues.


Background: Because the worldwide spread of coronavirus disease 2019 has forced a moratorium on student sports activity in Japan, reports on its impact on sports injuries are limited given its novelty. This study aimed to determine the characteristics and gender differences of injuries in adolescent athletes after returning to sport following restriction of club activities due to the coronavirus pandemic. Methods: An online retrospective questionnaire was distributed to 500 adolescent athletes who belong to school sports clubs in Japan from March 1–19, 2021. An anonymous questionnaire was created before and after the restriction of sports activities following the declaration of the first state of emergency of the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan. Subsequently, 258 valid responses were obtained, and injury-related characteristics were compared between injured and non-injured athletes after returning to sports and between genders for injured athletes. There were no differences in the body areas of sports injuries between males and females. Result: We found that injury experience before club activity restriction was significantly associated with injury after returning to sports (p < 0.001). Moreover, practice time increased before and after the restriction in the injury group (p = 0.038). The injury rate was higher in females (p < 0.024), and the trauma rate was higher among males (p = 0.016). There were no differences in the body areas of sports injuries between males and females. Conclusions: Our results provide gender-differentiated ideas and suggestions as they relate to injury prevention once in adolescent athletes returning to sports after the coronavirus disease 2019 induced restriction of club activities. We show the need for injury rehabilitation and practice time control in adolescent athletes in the coronavirus disease 2019 setting.


A new method to compute registration error from the slanted die-fit-monitor (DFM)-type test structures using an on-line calibration curve has been presented. The method is suitable for use in Keithley 350, parametric measurement systems for estimation of registration error during measurement where available computing power is limited. The results obtained from this method are compared with the registration errors calculated from the standard DFM structure. >


The invention relates to a three-plate die, comprising an upper fixed plate, a stripper plate, a female die plate, a male die plate and a first cylinder, wherein the upper fixed plate, the stripper plate, the female die plate and the male die plate are successively arranged, the upper fixed plate is provided with a sprue puller pin penetrating the stripper plate and used for fixing a stub bar, and the first cylinder is used for pushing the stripper plate to move and comprises a fixed end connected with the upper fixed plate and a movable end connected with the stripper plate. Compared with the prior art, the three-plate die provided by the invention does not need a spring and a draw-in bar and realizes separation of the stub bar from the sprue puller pin through arrangement of a cylinder between the upper fixed plate and the stripper plate, so working efficiency is improved and production stability is ensured.


This study aimed to determine whether athletic mental energy played a mediating role between sports mental training and sports courage in rugby players. The study developed an original theoretical model, which was tested using the Sobel test. The sample consisted of 309 rugby players in the 15 men's, 7's women-men, U18 7's men's-women's rugby leagues of the 2021-2022 Turkish Rugby Federation. The sample consisted of rugby players aged 18 to 35 years of age. Data were collected using a sociodemographic characteristics questionnaire, the Sports Mental Training Questionnaire (SMTQ), the Sports Courage Scale-31 (SCS-31), and the Athletic Mental Energy Scale (AMES). There was a positive correlation between mental training and athletic mental energy. There was a positive correlation between athletic mental energy and sports courage. There was a positive correlation between mental training and sports courage. Moreover, athletic mental energy played a fully mediating role between sports courage and mental training. The results confirmed the theoretical model. These results will pave the way for further research and contribute to the literature as they are a reflection of the cycle in the model. Authorities should inform rugby players about the relationship between athletic mental energy, mental training, and sports courage.


We use a purely data-driven rectified factor analysis to identify early-type galaxies with recent star formation in Data Release 4 of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Spectroscopic Catalogue. We compare the spectra and environment of these galaxies with those of 'normal' early-type galaxies, and a sample of independently selected E+A galaxies. We calculate the projected local galaxy surface density from the nearest five and 10 neighbours (Σ 5 and Σ 10 ) for each galaxy in our sample, and find that the dependence on projected local density, of the properties of E+A galaxies, is not significantly different from that of early-type galaxies with young stellar populations, dropping off rapidly towards denser environments, and flattening off at densities ≤0.1-0.3 Mpc -2 . The dearth of E+A galaxies in dense environments confirms that E+A galaxies are most likely the products of galaxy-galaxy merging or interactions, rather than star-forming galaxies whose star formation has been quenched by processes unique to dense environments, such as ram-pressure stripping or galaxy harassment. We see a tentative peak in the number of E+A galaxies at E 10 ∼ 0.1-0.3 Mpc -2 , which may represent the local galaxy density at which the rate of galaxy-galaxy merging or interaction rate peaks. Analysis of the spectra of our early-type galaxies with young stellar populations suggests that they have a stellar component dominated by F stars, ∼ 1-4 Gyr old, together with a mature, metal-rich population characteristic of 'typical' early-type galaxies. The young stars represent ≥10 per cent of the stellar mass in these galaxies. This, together with the similarity of the environments in which this 'E+F' population and the E+A galaxy sample are found, suggests that E+F galaxies used to be E+A galaxies, but have evolved by a further ∼ one to a few Gyr. Our rectified factor analysis is sensitive enough to identify this hidden population, which allows us to study the global and intrinsic properties of early-type galaxies created in major mergers or interactions, and compare them with those early-types which have had the bulk of their stars in place since a much earlier epoch.


When the coal face is mined in the high gas area of the special thick seam,the high gas drainage way is constructed.The gas in the mined-out area of the coal face is drained by the high gas drainage way.The gas quantity drained by wind is reduced.The safe and high effective production is realized.


The issue of energy saving in workplaces where multiple machines are in use, and consequently there is high energy consumption, is discussed in this paper.


Due to the little variation in defect points, tile block defect detection typically detects subtle defects in large-format images, allowing defective characteristics to be displayed regionally. Traditional convolutional neural network architectures that extract regional features take into account the connection between regional features simply, resulting in the presence of region-specific bias, which makes tile block defect detection still a challenging task. To address this challenge, this paper divides feature information into patches that can represent different regional features. Additionally, the relationship between different patches and tile block defects is studied; as a result, this paper proposes a new attention mechanism called the Cross Patch Attention Module (CPAM). Since the regional performance of patches is consistent with the tile block defect characteristics, CPAM can distinguish various regional features by patches. Then, in order to create reliable one-dimensional patch information, CPAM provides a method to connect patches linearly in two spatial directions. This takes into account the correlation of adjacent patches in various spatial directions. Finally, by extracting the regional characteristics of patches, CPAM can successfully assist the model in distinguishing the importance of different patches. The experimental results demonstrate that CPAM has excellent performance for tile block defect detection, and plugging CPAM into different end-to-end models can have a good gain effect, which can effectively and stably help the model to complete the task of tile block defect detection.


Feeling like crying is a common response to music. Recent work suggests two forms of aesthetic crying: an awe-inspired, positive kind and a distressed, sad kind. Besides their emotional tone, what differentiates these experiences? The present research examined the context and subjective musical content of aesthetic crying. A sample of 961 adults described the emotional tone, musical features, and social and environmental contexts of a feeling like crying experience. Awe experiences more often involved religious or classical music that was complex and beautiful, and people were often with others and hearing the music live. Sad experiences more often involved popular genres (e.g., Pop, Soul or R&B, Country) that were cold and unpleasant, and people often noted that the music reminded them of someone or that they already felt like crying before listening to the music. The distinctions between these two kinds of experiences suggest that current theories of aesthetic crying could be fruitfully expanded.