Abstract Objective: To develop a semi-quantitative FFQ and to evaluate its validity and reproducibility for the assessment of total dietary intake of Kenyan urban adult population, given its non-existence in Kenya. Design: The current study adopted a cross-sectional design. A culture-sensitive semi-quantitative FFQ was developed and its validity was tested relative to three non-consecutive 24-h recalls (24hR). Reproducibility was tested by the test–retest method, with a 3-week interval. Spearman's correlation coefficients and intra-class correlation coefficients were calculated for several macro- and micronutrients. Cross-classification into quartiles and Bland and Altman plots were analysed. Setting: Nairobi county (Dagoreti South and Starehe constituencies). Participants: A convenient sample was recruited in three different clusters in Nairobi. Results: A culture-sensitive 123-food-item semi-quantitative FFQ showed higher nutrient intakes compared with the 24hR (total energy median 12543·632 v. 8501·888 kJ, P < 0·001). Energy-adjusted and deattenuated Spearman's correlations for macronutrients ranged between 0·21 (total fat) and 0·47 (protein). The agreement in the same quartile varied from 28 % (protein) to 41 % (carbohydrates). Including adjacent quartiles, the range increased: 76 % (protein and fat) to 81 % (carbohydrates). The extreme disagreement was low. The first FFQ application resulted in higher mean values for all nutrients compared with the second FFQ (total energy median 12459·952 v. 10485·104 kJ, P < 0·001). Energy-adjusted correlations for macronutrients ranged from 0·28 (carbohydrates) to 0·61 (protein). Intra-class correlation coefficients for macronutrients were moderate, between 0·6 and 0·7. Conclusions: The developed semi-quantitative FFQ was shown to be a valid and reproducible tool for ranking urban adult Kenyans according to their dietary intake.


Part website, part academic article, the "born-digital" webtext opens new opportunities for interactive, multimodal scholarship that breaks free from the constraints of print, digitally accessible publishing. However, webtext designers and publishers lack feedback on the experiences of born-digital readers: diverse users accustomed to online resources for whom webtexts are ostensibly designed. This paper provides such feedback by using comparative findings from webtext usability tests conducted with academic faculty and graduate students to elaborate seven dimensions of user-centered webtext design. The dimensions and associated usability findings— including affordances and constraints that facilitate skimming scanning, and close reading, signifiers and conceptual models that familiarize users with unfamiliar designs, and feedback and mappings that help users contextualize their reading and understand their reading progress— provide scope and guidance for the design of born-digital webtexts readers find both useful and usable.


Analytical calculating dependences of the temperature fields in the processing detail, instrument, tool holder and current carrying cables, which allow at the design stage to make the selection of detail pairs «instrument-detail» and to predict the properties of the surface layer of the processing details and also the size and durability of instrument material and heat intensity of the tool holder and cables according the calculation of temperature fields in the details and an instrument are received.


Titanium complexes of the general type Ti(η5:η1-C5H4Si-Me2NCH2C6H3X2-2,5)Cl2 (XH, F), containing a linked benzylamido-cyclopentadienyl ligand, were prepared by reaction of Ti(η5-C5H4SiMe2Cl)Cl3 with lithium amide Li(NHCH2C6H3X2-2,5). A single-crystal X-ray structural analysis of Ti(η5: η1-C5H4SiME2NCH2C6H3F2-2,5)Cl2 revealed a conformation in the solid state in which the aryl ring is turned away from the metal center. Ti(η5:η1-C5H4SiMe2NCH2C6H5)Cl2 can be alkylated with a variety of reagents to form extremely sensitive complexes of the type Ti(η5-C5H4SiMe,2NCH2C6H5)R2 (RMe, CH2 C6H5, CH2SiME3, CH2CMe2C6H5). Reaction of Li2[C5Me4SiMe2NCH2C6H5] with TiCl3(THF)3 gave Ti(η5: η1-C5Me4SiMe2NCH2C6H5)Cl2, which can also be alkylated to form dialkyl complexes of the type Ti(η5:η1-C5Me4SiMe2NCH2C6H5)R2(RMe, CH2C6H5, CH2SiMe3, C6H5).A single-crystal X-ray structural analysis of Ti(η5:η1-C5Me4SiMe2NCH2C6H5)(CH2C6H5)2 suggests the presence of α-agostic bonding of one of the titanium-bound CH2C6H5 groups to the titanium center.


In Ukraine, the use of HACCP systems (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points) is mandatory for all enterprises, which are involved in the process of production or penetration of food products in everyday life. This system is based on the analysis of risks and on the analysis of critical identification of control points in order to prevent the emergence of hazardous situations at any technological stage in the production of meat products. Definition of critical control points and their regular monitoring allow to carry out corrective actions at work timely. The types of hazardous factors that arise during the technological process of production of raw meat products are analyzed in the paper. The system of management of dangerous factors and the method of analysis of critical control points in accordance with the HACCP system is proposed. According to the results of the analysis of technological control of the manufacture of row-dried products, it was inserted 5 control critical points, where it is strictly necessary to control the presence of hazardous factors (bacteriological, physical, chemical): the stage of salting of meat pieces, equalizing the concentration of salting mixture in meat, drying or ripening cooling and packaging of finished products. Detailed measures of their management have been developed. Detection and prevention of hazardous factors allow to control the quality and safety of meat products timely and exclude the possibility of their dangerous effects on human health


Aims In intensified insulin therapy, the recent development of short‐acting insulin analogues with a very rapid onset of action forces a new discussion in terms of the optimal injection–meal interval. This study evaluated prandial glycaemia in patients with Type 1 diabetes following the subcutaneous injection of soluble human insulin (HI) and the insulin analogue insulin aspart (IAsp) at different injection–meal intervals and investigated whether administration of IAsp after the meal might provide satisfactory metabolic control.


The immature embryos of loquat were used for explants in the study.The effects of plant growth regulators on in vitro germination of loquat embryos were investigated using orthogonal design method.The best embryo germination was obtained on 1/2 MS+6-BA 2.0 mg/l+IAA 0.5 mg/l+NAA 0.0 mg/l.The effects of sampling time were also studied.The inducation and multiplication of tufty buds were nice on MS+6-BA 1.0 mg/l+NAA 0.2 mg/l-And 6-BA at higher concentration was not suitable for the growth of the plantlets without roots.But NAA did not have the effect.


Produced water is considered the largest waste stream generated in the oil and gas industries, which has a high concentration of hydrocarbons, heavy metals, and other pollutants. As the activity in the industries increases, the generated produced water has also increased worldwide. Therefore, treating it for reusing becomes very important from an environmental point of view. This paper aims to examine the importance of produced water treatment, the capacity of produced water as well as management, the reuse of oilfield-produced water, and some of the current methods available for produced water treatment. Production water treatment could be achieved with different processes or methods including physical, chemical, and biological approaches. The physical method usually involves filtration systems that uses screens, sand, etc to eliminate large suspended materials. The chemical method is a process of decreasing the harmful nature of an effluent by using some particular chemical. It also helps to recover appreciated by-products from harmful wastes, which reduces the general cost of waste disposal. While the biological method is to degrade organic compounds that are existing in the waste by microorganisms (aerobic and/or anaerobic). Raw-produced water is toxic, by using suitable technology, it can be treated for different reuse even as drinking water, especially for countries that suffer from water scarcity.


Abstract In Brazil, albuloid fishes have only been found in the Cretaceous of Chapada do Araripe, Northeastern Brazil, particularly in the Romualdo Member, Santana Formation. In this paper we describe †Farinichthys gigas, gen. et sp. nov., a large albuloid fish from the Paleocene of the Maria Farinha Formation, Pernambuco–Paraíba Basin, based on a large skull, disarticulated suspensorium and isolated vertebrae. The fish is the most complete fossil vertebrate hitherto obtained from that formation and the oldest record of Albulidae in South America. It is preserved in a clay marl in association with bivalve and gastropod shells, brachyuran and echinoid carapaces, and insects, in addition to fish and reptile remains. Regarding other known albulids (e.g., Albula, †Deltaichthys and †Lebonichthys), the new genus differs mainly by the absence of contact between the epioccipital and the parietal bones, a very elongate ventral process of the quadrate, an oblique groove on the external surface of the hyomandibula, and a parietal branch of the supraorbital sensory canal directed towards the parietal without reaching it. The presence of an ossified interorbital septum, an elongate horizontal preopercular arm, and the ascending process of the subopercle reaching the articular facet for the hyomandibula define a clade formed by †Farinichthys gigas plus Albula. It suggests an extension of the minimal age of this clade to the Paleocene (Danian).


Subject
 Implications of US-Kenya trade talks.

 Significance
 US President Donald Trump and Kenyan President Uhuru Kenyatta announced in February that the two countries intend to start negotiations to establish a bilateral free trade agreement (FTA). This would be the United States' first FTA with a Sub-Saharan African country and is the strongest signal yet that the African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA), the main framework governing US-Africa trade since 2000, will not be extended.

 Impacts
 Opening its markets to US goods too quickly could derail Kenya's infant industries, especially agribusiness and apparel manufacturing.
 A deal could spur significant US investment into Kenya, which could help the country integrate into global value chains.
 A deal could be structured to support regional integration, but Trump's 'America first' approach suggests a focus on benefits to US firms.


This proposal is based upon the sustainable development of the economy of a farm, whose agricultural activities might be associated with tourism. The expected result is the use of the resources found in place in order to generate new ways of living, according to agriculture operations that bring visitors to a farm for educational and recreational purposes. We present a description of the general physical, social, economic and cultural characteristics of a farm as well as the benefits and limitations of the site. We also took into account the conventional elements of the tourism system: attractiveness, places, infrastructure and superstructures. Finally, we design a model of an agritourism farm identifying the present conditions and suggesting improvements for more functional and pleasantactivities. The result will be a great opportunity for the farm families to have an additional diversity of offers to increase income, developing agriturism until it will become in the principal activity. This proposal will serve as a model to other farms of the county and other places of similar characteristics.


As a result of the current restructuring procedure in power systems, renewable energy sources (RESs) are increasingly integrated into distribution systems. Respectively, while, the installation of RESs would benefit the system by securing the power supply, decreasing the power losses, and addressing the environmental concerns; their high penetration could cause operational problems in the system. In this regard, the traditional operational procedures seem not to be adequate for ensuring the voltage regulation in active distribution systems. In this respect, efficient scheduling of flexible resources should be taken into account by distribution system operators (DSOs) in order to resolve the potential curtailment of RESs due to voltage problems in the grid. Consequently, this paper aims to develop a hierarchical management scheme to efficiently reschedule the flexible resources in a multi-agent distribution system to address voltage problems raised by the high penetration of RESs. Respectively, Stackelberg game technique is employed to model the interaction between DSO and independent agents in the system, where DSO acts as the leader and agents are conceived as the followers. Finally, the proposed approach is implemented on the 37-bus test system to analyze the effectiveness of the proposed methodology in resolving the voltage problems in the grid.


BACKGROUND
Almost half of the breast cancer patients with positive sentinel lymph nodes have no additional disease in the remaining axillary lymph nodes. This group of patients do not benefit from complete axillary lymph node dissection. This study was designed to assess the clinicopathologic factors that predict non-sentinel lymph node metastasis in Iranian breast cancer patients with positive sentinel lymph nodes.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
The records of patients who underwent sentinel lymph node biopsy, between 2003 and 2012, were reviewed. Patients with at least one positive sentinel lymph node who underwent completion axillary lymph node dissection were enrolled in the present study. Demographic and clinicopathologic characteristics including age, primary tumor size, histological and nuclear grade, lymphovascular invasion, perineural invasion, extracapsular invasion, and number of harvested lymph nodes, were evaluated.

RESULTS
The data of 167 patients were analyzed. A total of 92 (55.1%) had non-sentinel lymph node metastasis. Univariate analysis of data revealed that age, primary tumor size, histological grade, lymphovascular invasion, perineural invasion, extracapsular invasion, and the number of positive sentinel lymph nodes to the total number of harvested sentinel lymph nodes ratio, were associated with non-sentinel lymph node metastasis. After logistic regression analysis, age (OR=0.13; 95% CI, 0.02-0.8), primary tumor size (OR=7.7; 95% CI, 1.4-42.2), lymphovascular invasion (OR=19.4; 95% CI, 1.4- 268.6), extracapsular invasion (OR=13.3; 95% CI, 2.3-76), and the number of positive sentinel lymph nodes to the total number of harvested sentinel lymph nodes ratio (OR=20.2; 95% CI, 3.4-121.9), were significantly associated with non-sentinel lymph node metastasis.

CONCLUSIONS
According to this study, age, primary tumor size, lymphovascular invasion, extracapsular invasion, and the ratio of positive sentinel lymph nodes to the total number of harvested sentinel lymph nodes, were found to be independent predictors of non-sentinel lymph node metastasis.


Pb(Zrx,Ti1-x)O3 thin films of homogeneous composition were synthesized by means of a modified sol-gel route on Pt(111)/TiOx/SiO2/Si substrates. The usually observed gradient in B-site composition could be reduced from plusmn12 to plusmn2.5 at% amplitude in Zr concentration fluctuations. The obtained 2 mum thick, dense and crack free films exhibited a {100}-texture index of 98.4%. Grain diameters increased at the same time by 50%. Dielectric and piezoelectric properties were remarkably improved. The relative dielectric constant epsiv33f was obtained as 1620, and the remanent transverse piezoelectric coefficient e31f-was measured as -17.7 C/m2.


Objective To study the relationship between serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein(hsCRP) level and carotid atherosclerosis in patients with essential hypertension.Methods The serum concentrations of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein(hsCRP) were measured in one hundred and eighty-eight patients with essential hypertension.A Color Doppler Ultrasound system was used to investigate the intimal-medial thickness(IMT) of common carotid artery(CCA) and the plaque of carotid artery.Results ①The serum concentrations of hsCRP in the carotid atherosclerosis group were signicantly higher than that in the carotid artery normal group(P0.01).②The serum concentrations of hsCRP in the carotid artery plaque group were signicantly higher than that in the non-carotid artery plaque group(P0.01). These findings were also present in the group with IMT increasing(P(0.05)). Conclusions Serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level is associated with carotid atherosclerosis in patients with essential hypertension.Inflammatory response might play an important role in the pathogenesis of carotid atherosclerosis with essential hypertension.


PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to investigate the associated between serum total bilirubin (STB) levels and long-term outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

METHODS
A total of 1,273 consecutive patients were enrolled. Patients were grouped according to their baseline STB levels: Group 1 (STB < 3.4 μmol/L), Group 2 (3.4 μmol/L ≤ STB ≤ 10.3 μmol/L), Group 3 (10.3 μmol/L < STB ≤ 17.1 μmol/L), and Group 4 (STB < 17.1 μmol/L) and the rate of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) was determined

RESULTS
A total of 1,152 patients were successfully followed up (90.5%) for a mean period of 30 ± 5 months, including 187 patients experiencing a major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE: death from any cause, myocardial infarction, repeat revascularization or readmission). The MACE rate in Groups 3 and 4 was lower than in Groups 1 and 2 (P < 0.01). After adjusted the confounding factors with Cox regression analysis, the MACE rates in Groups 2-4 were still lower than in Group 1 (Group 2, RR=0.293, 95% CI 0.167-0.517, P < 0.01; Group 3, RR=0.142, 95% CI 0.065-0.312, P < 0.01; Group 4, RR=0.134, 95% CI 0.071-0.252, P < 0.01). The cumulative survival rates of Groups 3 and 4 were higher than that of Groups 1and 2 (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONS
High STB concentration is associated with lower MACE in patients with ACS after PCI.


Background: Flying fish (Hirundichthys oxycephalus) is one type of fish that has a high economic value in Maluku waters. Flying fish (Hirundichthys oxycephalus) are usually consumed in the form of salted fish. However, not all salting techniques in salted fish produce good products and guaranteed quality. This study aims to determine the effect of salt concentration and immersion time on the taste of dried salted (Hirundichthys oxycephalus) flying fish.
Methods: This study was analyzed descriptively to assess organoleptics based on panelists using certain scores for the categories of appearance, aroma and taste. The research was conducted from September 5 to 19 2018.
Results: The study showed that the best products for processing dried salted fish were 40% salt concentration and 3-hour immersion time which obtained an organoleptic value of 5.91.
Conclusion: salt concentration and immersion time did not give a significant effect on the parameters of appearance, aroma, but affect the taste of dried salted flying fish


Objective:To investigate effect of ultrasonic-composite enzyme synergistic method on extraction rate of polysaccharide from Lobelia chinensis.Method:With L.chinensis as raw material,polysaccharide was extracted by ultrasonic-composite enzyme synergistic method,extraction technology of polysaccharide from L.chinensis was optimized by single factor test and orthogonal test.Result:Optimum technology conditions were as follows: pH 4.0,ratio of solid-liquid 1∶40,ultrasonic time 25 min,the amount of enzyme 1.0%.Conclusion:Ultrasonic-composite enzyme synergistic method had features of high extraction ratio,simple process,energy-saving.


This paper presents a referent-tracking and pronoun resolution system for Finnish, a free-word-order, articleless language that poses a challenge for algorithms designed for languages like English that have definite/indefinite articles. To track referents and interpret pronouns in Finnish, this algorithm uses the pragmatically-motivated word order tendencies of Finnish to create an ordered register of pegs (where each peg is associated with an entity in the discourse), ranked according to salience. Pronouns are interpreted as referring to the topmost peg in the register. The algorithm aims to extend and adapt notions from Dynamic Semantics (Groenendijk et al. 1996) and Centering Theory (Grosz et al. 1995) to a typologically different language.


In recent years, large amount of data modeled by graphs, namely graph data, have been collected in various domains. Efficiently processing queries on graph databases has attracted a lot of research attentions. Supergraph query is a kind of new and important queries in practice. A supergraph query, q, on a graph database D is to retrieve all graphs in D such that q is a supergraph of them. Because the number of graphs in databases is large and subgraph isomorphism testing is NP-complete, efficiently processing such queries is a big challenge. This paper first proposes an optimal compact method for organizing graph databases. Common subgraphs of the graphs in a database are stored only once in the compact organization of the database, in order to reduce the overall cost of subgraph isomorphism testings from stored graphs to queries during query processing. Then, an exact algorithm and an approximate algorithm for generating significant feature set with optimal order are proposed to construct indices on graph databases. The optimal order on the feature set is to reduce the number of subgraph isomorphism testings during query processing. Based on the compact organization of graph databases, a novel algorithm of testing subgraph isomorphisms from multiple graphs to one graph is presented. Finally, based on all these techniques, a query processing method is proposed. Analytical and experimental results show that the proposed algorithms outper-form the existing similar algorithms by one to two orders of magnitude.


Sarcoidosis was first described in military populations in 1949 (1). It remains a disease of multisystemic nonnecrotizing granulomatous inflammation without a known cause or cure (2). Sarcoidosis most frequently affects the lungs but can impact nearly any other organ depending on the site of granulomatous infiltration. It more frequently afflicts underserved populations, including women and Black Americans (3). Sarcoidosis also associates with patients who report occupational exposures, including insecticides, molds, bioaerosols, and exposures associated with agricultural employment (4). Although studies have previously examined sarcoidosis in the veteran population (5–7), a comprehensive assessment of the epidemiology, risk factors, and geographic distribution of sarcoidosis in veterans remained overdue. The Veterans Health Administration (VHA) is the largest integrated healthcare system in the United States with associated electronic health records (EHRs). In this issue of AnnalsATS, Seedahmed and colleagues (pp. 797–806) use the VHA to report on the epidemiology of sarcoidosis within a population of more than 13 million U.S. veterans served by the VHA system during the past two decades (8). An association between occupational exposures and sarcoidosis has long been debated. Military service and its environmental exposures are complex and vary by service branch, role, era of service, and region of deployment (9). Two large historical cohorts of U.S. Navy personnel (10, 11) demonstrate the complexities of tracking sarcoidosis in the military over time and that environmental exposures and specific military occupational duties associate with increased incidences of sarcoidosis. First, it was demonstrated that, among 1,120 sailors, those assigned to "clean ships" with limited or no industrial activity had a decreased risk of sarcoidosis (10). A subsequent Naval study of 674 hospitalized patients with sarcoidosis identified a decrease in sarcoidosis over time, particularly after 1989. Ship repair or structural mechanic roles were identified as significant risk factors for incident sarcoidosis (11). Recent military conflicts in Iraq, Afghanistan, and other portions of Southwest Asia resulted in new and unique exposures, including high exposure to airborne particulate matter such as geological dust, smoke from burn pits, and heavy metal condensates (12). Increasedmeasurements of metal elements have subsequently been found in the plasma of veterans with pulmonary sarcoidosis compared with controls (5). In veterans registered in the Airborne Hazards and Open Burn Pit Registry who were deployed to Afghanistan or Southwest Asia, self-reported cumulative exposure to convoy activities involving vehicle operations was the only exposure that reached significance for increased sarcoidosis risk in adjusted analysis (6). In 2022, the association of burn pit exposure and sarcoidosis was recognized on a legislative level with the passage of the Honoring Our PACT (Promise to Address Comprehensive Toxics) Act through the U.S. Congress. Title 4, Section 406 of the PACTAct, expands health care coverage to veterans with sarcoidosis and burn pit exposure (13). Seedahmed and colleagues sought to expand this knowledge base by analyzing the VHA EHR data of all veterans who received care at a VA facility or at a non-VA facility that was paid for by VA. The diagnosis of sarcoidosis was established with the presence of either a single inpatient International Classification of Diseases (ICD) code or two outpatient ICD codes for sarcoidosis. Patients with alternative diagnosis codes were excluded if the alternative diagnosis was coded two years before or one year after the index sarcoidosis code. The incidence of sarcoidosis in any organ system after the 1999 first international consensus Statement on Sarcoidosis and between January 1, 2004, and December 31, 2019, was then calculated. Of 13,320,196 veterans screened, 23,747 veterans with sarcoidosis were identified. Propensity-score matching was used to select three control cases for each sarcoidosis case, further strengthening the study. Overall, the veteran population was noted to have twice the annual prevalence and a four to five times higher annual incidence of sarcoidosis compared with the nonveteran population. Incidence and prevalence increased over time. Multivariate analysis by logistic regression was performed to examine factors that influenced incidence. Risk factors significantly associated with a new diagnosis of sarcoidosis included Black race, female sex, living in any continental region of the United States outside the west, history of tobacco use, and having served in the Army, Air Force, or multiple service branches. The greatest regional prevalence


Anti-inflammatory drugs are a widely used class of therapeutic agents, but the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) is hampered by their gastrointestinal side-effects. Recent report ...


This chapter looks at the ways in which findings of unreasonableness inform judgements about the culpability of defendants. The chapter suggests that, even without using tracing strategies, it is possible to defend many of the criminal law's invocations (un)reasonableness in terms of a defendant's blameworthiness. Sometimes the defendant's failure to meet an objective standard does reflect a moral vice on her part. The function of the so-called 'reasonable person' in this context is really to hold the defendant up to an external standard of moral characteristics. Conversely, if it is to comprise a standard of culpability, the 'reasonable person' ought to be personalized to the extent that the defendant's shortcomings do not disclose moral vices. In particular, and alongside physical limitations, that includes shortcomings of intelligence.


This book, with nine chapters and 15 contributing authors, for the most part accomplishes its aim of giving "informed comment in areas where there have been developments, controversy, or where the geriatrician may not be an expert, but where correct management and treatment [are] essential." With so many authors, one could expect some variability in readability and in quality, but in both it is kept to a minimum. The names of drugs will not always be familiar to the American reader, since the trade names of British drugs are often different. To the reader thoroughly familiar with generic names of drugs, this will not present a great problem. However, not all drugs mentioned are available or are commonly known in this country. The first chapter presents an excellent discussion of the complex variables that have impact on the clinical pharmacologic problems of the aged. The following two chapters, while difficult


Due to environment concern, fossil resource exhaustion issue and so forth, an attention on the use of renewable energy is being increased sustainably and various types of renewable energy are being developed. In particular, wind power plant is one of the most used resources among them. The recent trend in development of wind power is the large-scale offshore wind farm. However, the burden of investment for offshore wind power is still considerable so that comprehensive evaluation must be performed in the planning stage. For the evaluation, this paper introduces the concept and method to assess offshore wind farm according to their configurations, in the reliability aspect.


In vitro fertilization in unstimulated cycles: A clinical trial using hCG for timing of follicle aspiration Paulson RJ; Sauer MV; Francis MM; Macaso TM; Lobo RA Women's Hospital, 1240 North Mission Roud, Los Angeles. CA 90033 USA OBSTET GYNECOL 1990, 76/S I (788-791) In vitro fertilization (IVF) was performed in normally ovulatory women after the follicular phase of an unstimulated cycle. Twenty patients initiated 36 cycles of unstimulated IVF, with serial ultrasound examinations and hCG 10,000 IU given when the follicle was mature. Thirty aspirations were carried out under intravenous sedation with transvaginal ultrasound guidance. One or more oocytes were obtained in 29 aspirations (97%~) for a total of 52 oocytes (average I .7); 37 fertilized (71'%,). two were polyspermic. and 35 cleaved (67X). Seventeen aspirations (57X) yielded multiple oocytes. All 25 oocytes obtained from dominant follicles fertilized (lW%,), and I2 of 27 oocytes from secondary follicles fertilized (44X) (P < .OS versus dominant follicles), with one polyspermic fertilization in each group. Sixteen cycles resulted in a single embryo transfer (ET), eight had two embryos, and one had three embryos transferred (36X) multiple ET). Five clinical pregnancies (2O'X per ET. l7'%~ per retrieval) resulted in four ongoing pregnancies (l6'X per ET, 13'%, per retrieval), all singletons. Our results suggest that in selected cases. IVF in unstimulated cycles may be a clinically viable alternative to stimulated cycles. with.preliminary success rates in the range of national averages for stimulated cycles.


This Discussion Paper is issued under the auspices of the Centre's research programme in INTERNATIONAL MACROECONOMICS. Any opinions expressed here are those of the author(s) and not those of the Centre for Economic Policy Research. Research disseminated by CEPR may include views on policy, but the Centre itself takes no institutional policy positions. The Centre for Economic Policy Research was established in 1983 as a private educational charity, to promote independent analysis and public discussion of open economies and the relations among them. It is pluralist and non-partisan, bringing economic research to bear on the analysis of medium-and long-run policy questions. Institutional (core) finance for the Centre has been provided through major grants from the Economic and Social Research Council, under which an ESRC Resource Centre operates within CEPR; the Esmée Fairbairn Charitable Trust; and the Bank of England. These organizations do not give prior review to the Centre's publications, nor do they necessarily endorse the views expressed therein. These Discussion Papers often represent preliminary or incomplete work, circulated to encourage discussion and comment. Citation and use of such a paper should take account of its provisional character. ABSTRACT Trade Openness and Investment Instability* In the presence of lumpy adjustment costs of investment, globalization may have non-conventional effects on the level of investment and its cyclical behaviour. Free trade may lead to a discrete 'jump' in the level of investment, as it triggers discrete terms-of-trade changes which either appreciate or depreciate the setup cost of investment. As a result, the economy may alternate between 'optimistic' and 'pessimistic' expectations and self-validating boom and bust investment cycles. There could be substantial gains from globalization in the investment-boom equilibrium and meagre, or negative, gains in the investment-bust equilibrium. two anonymous referees and Carlos Veogh for useful comments and suggestions. This version was completed while the first two authors were visiting CESifo, Munich. They wish to thank CESifo for its hospitality.


Otitis is an inflammation of acoustical pass; can have a bacterial or fungoid etiology. Otitis meets as an independent disease or as complication of respiratory infection. The most frequent causative agents of otitises in rats are Pasteurella pneumotropica, Staphylococcus sp., Corynebacterium kutscheri и Klebsiella, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Pseudomonas, E. coli, Malassezia, Candida. Otitis in rats is a widespread disease, thus 8,6 % of animals have no clinical signs that does impossible to diagnose otitis at an early stage. The using of otoscope has to be present at the protocol of primary survey of a rat.


Background: The relative analgesic requirements for tricompartmental (TKA) and unicompartmental (UKA) knee arthroplasty and their effects on discharge readiness remain unexamined when continuous adductor canal and femoral nerve blocks are used for analgesia in the immediate postoperative period. Methods: Data were collected from 2 previously-published clinical trials involving subjects undergoing TKA (n=79) or UKA (n=30) randomized to either an adductor canal or femoral perineural catheter and ropivacaine 0.2% infusion for 2 (UKA) or 3 (TKA) days. Originally, we compared each catheter location (adductor vs. femoral) while holding surgical procedure constant (comparing solely TKAs and solely UKAs). We now compare type of surgical procedure (TKA vs UKA) while holding catheter location (adductor vs. femoral) constant. The primary outcome was the time to attain 4 discharge criteria including pain, opioid requirements, and ambulation/mobilization. Results: For adductor canal catheters, UKA patients reached all 4 discharge criteria in 35 [24—43] hours which was significantly faster than those given TKA who took 55 [43—63] hours (difference: 18h; 95%CI 9 to 28 h; P<0.001). The results were similar for femoral catheters: UKA patients reach all four discharge criteria in 40 [27—58] hours which was significantly faster than those given TKA who took 61 [49—69] hours (difference: 20; 95%CI 4 to 30 h; P=0.009). For both catheter locations, pain scores, opioid requirements, and mobilization endpoints were better with UKA than TKA. Conclusion : UKA induces less pain and requires less opioid than TKA, regardless of perineural catheter location. Consequently, patients who have UKA are ready for discharge sooner.


The article is devoted to the study of the definiti on of startup projects, the main problems and prosp ect of development. Complex analysis of the stages of star tup projects and components is carried out. The ana lysis of institutions that may be investors for start-ups is carried out. Examples of the most famous world and Ukrainian startup projects are given. There was made deep analysis of kraudfanting, as one of the most effective inst itutions for funding. The present situation of startup developme nt in Ukraine is explored. The actions of the state concerning the given sector, occurring in Ukraine are indicated. T he problems and perspectives of development of star tup projects are carried out. The necessary measures to improve the conditions for the existence of startup projects in Ukraine are proposed.


Measurement of partial discharge activities within insulation systems has been extensively performed. It has been widely used in the performance assessment of an insulation system and for insulation diagnostics. Since a void cavity is one of the potential sources of PD activity in insulation which may cause degradation and breakdown, it is very important to study PD events associated with void cavities solid dielectric insulation. In this work, the measurement of PD activity has been performed on test samples consisting of two spherical voids within an epoxy resin. Two voids of same and different sizes are positioned close to each other and in parallel with the direction of the applied field within the epoxy. Through comparison of the experiment data for PD events within a single void in the epoxy, single and multiple discharge sources from different voids can be clearly distinguished.


There is a general trend for Ethnic Fijian students to underachieve in science and science-related subjects as compared to Indo-Fijian students at school levels in Fiji. The trend creates feelings and thoughts amongst people that Ethnic Fijians are not academically as able other races in Fiji. The questions which may direct most people to ask are: Why are Ethnic Fijians not doing so well in science when compared to other races? Do they tend to find the subject difficult or do they tend simply not to find it pertinent or interesting? Either way, what are the reasons? Is their underachievement related to the teaching of the subject at school? Is it related to their cultural up-bringing? Do they have negative or positive perceptions of the value of schooling? If so, why do they have the perceptions they do? Can the situation be improved? If so, in what ways? The Book presents a research done to try and answer some of these questions. The Book is based on the author's PhD study at Canterbury Universioty in New Zealand. Primary level science in Fiji is the focus of this research - not only because it is where science is first taught but it was also chosen because it is the first point of contact between children from the respective cultural backgrounds with formal education per se. The author conducted an intensive study of both Ethnic Fijian and Indo-Fijian schools and communities in Fiji while gathering his data. He employs multiple observations both in the classrooms and the communities. He also used semi-structured interviews with students, parents and community members and analyse prescribed syllabi and selected policy documents. He also uses his own experience of being a student, a parent and a teacher in the Fijian Education system to reflect on the analysed data. He framed his study using Bronfenbrenner's ecological model to undrestand the role of home-school linkages and ecological transition and to promote a context-based approach for understanding human development. The ecological model he uses visualise the developing child as an egg situated in an ecological environment conceived as a set of nested structures of different layers with one placed within the next and ranging from micro to macro settings. In fact, the development of a child as he portrays it is influenced by the interconnection between these settings and the immediate settings of which the child (the egg) is a part. The findings shows that there are various other settings a part from the micro-setting of the classroom alone which influence the differential performance of the two ethnic groups in science at school. These settings constitute the child's direct and indirect experiences both at school and at home.


Conservation tillage can reduce soil wind erosion and control soil degradation in sandy area.The objective of this field experiment was to compare the effects of four tillage measurements(no-till,stalk-mulching,film-mulching and conventional tillage) on soil physical properties the sandy soil region of northern Jingbian County,Shaanxi Province.The experiment began in 2004.A completely randomized design was used.The results showed that at early spring planting,soil temperatures were 0.1oC lower in the stalk-mulching and no-till treatments compared to the conventional tillage treatment.Soil temperatures were highest under film mulch.There was no significant difference in soil bulk density among the treatments before planting;however there was a significant difference among the treatments after harvest.Soil bulk density in the 0~20 cm layer was 2.3% lower in the no-tillage treatment compared to conventional tillage;however the bulk density in the 20~40 cm layer was 1.8% higher in the no-tillage treatment compared to conventional tillage.Soil water content decreased in the order stalk-mulchingfilm-mulchingno-tillconventional tillage.Both initial and equilibrium infiltration rate infiltrate rate are higher in conservation tillage than conventional tillage.In summary,the results show that conservation tillage methods improved soil physical properties and therefore could be implemented in the southern part of Mu Us desert.


In many European and Asian regions the use of autonomous and semi-autonomous power systems is quite useful. Such systems have local generations which, for the most part, are based on both fossil energy sources and renewable energy sources. In such Energy Storages Systems (ESS) are necessary to ensure the supply to the consumers. Considering economic criteria, an optimal storage capacity for each generation mix can be obtained. This study aims firstly to review the ESS technologies and, secondly, to explain a methodology for designing the optimal storage capacity within an autonomous and semi-autonomous power system. A new economic index has been introduced, which summarizes the discount values for not integrating the power generated by RES into the grid. In balance with this discounted value, the discounted energy storage costs have been considered. The calculation shows that in some cases a semi-autonomous operation is quite favorable from an economic point of view.


CCA is an attractive account of harm. It has many virtues and many advantages over its competitors. But I won't explore those features here. Ben Bradley gives a nice summary of them, though he ultimately rejects CCA (2012: 396–7, 401). In this paper, I'll reply to two objections to CCA that haven't been adequately addressed in the literature. Some critics think that certain omission and preemption cases raise obviously fatal problems for it. I'll argue that they're wrong. First, a caveat: CCA is about overall harm, which is different from pro tanto harm. I'll explain this distinction later and use it to show that preemption cases don't raise obviously fatal problems for CCA. Until then, my discussion will be confined to overall harm and I'll leave the "overall" implicit.


Many parents require terminating pregnancy for fetal anomaly in late pregnancy.Some of them may have disputes with hospital for abnormal fetus becoming living infant with physical handicap after induction of labor.In order to decrease disputes and benefit society,the authors suggest to lethal induction of labor to ensure the fetus cardiac arrest before or intra-induction of labor by medical approach.The authors analyze the feasibility of lethal induction of labor in late pregnancy for fetus abnormalities through point of medicine,ethic and law after the demand of parents.


1 Presented at the Second National Symposium on Recent Advances in Antibiotics Research held in Washington, D. C., April 11-12, 1949, under the auspices of the Antibiotics Study Section, National Institutes of Health, Public Health Service, Federal Security Agency. 2 This investigation was supported (in part) by a research grant from the Antibiotics Study Section of the Division of Research Grants and Fellowships of the National Institutes of Health, U. S. Public Health Service and (in part) by the A. B. Kuppenheimer Foundation and the Douglas Smith Foundation of the University of Chicago. 3 Research Fellow, U. S. Public Health Service. 4Douglas Smith Foundation Fellow in Medicine. 5 The crystalline penicillin was supplied by Abbott Laboratories, Commercial Solvents Corporation, Lederle Laboratories, and Schenley Laboratories, Inc. One can imagine this process as taking place through


With a perspective gained during a partial technology assessment of remote sensing of environment, a brief review is presented of the physical and social technologies in this field. The physical technology is shown to continue to have rapid growth with the advent of new sensors such as the ERIM active/passive multispectral scanner systems and with increases in data processing capacity provided by advances such as the Multivariate Interactive Digital Analysis System (MIDAS). The events of 1974 do not show commensurate growth in the social technology. Within the U.S. the initiative has been seen recently in Congressional actions while the leadership internationally may soon pass from the U. S. into other hands.


Background: Nitrated fatty acids (NO2-FA) are termination products of radical chain reactions and have been identified as potent anti-inflammatory signaling mediators. Previously we demonstrated th...


A conceptual model based on the effective voidage around a test particle in a bidisperse solid-liquid fluidized bed has been proposed and has been used to interpret and predict its phase inversion behavior. The model visualizes the test particle to be surrounded by particles of average size. An average size particle has a liquid envelope of average thickness which is different from the thickness of the liquid envelope surrounding the test particle. The effective voidage (e eff ) enjoyed by a particle of this kind has been expressed as a function of the volume fractions of individual particles in the bed. The two equations for the effective voidage (e eff ) for the two types of particles can be solved numerically for the local concentration pairs in the bed. The solution leads to the prediction of the critical velocity or the inversion velocity of the system. It also allows computation of the particle concentration profiles as well as the heights of different sections of the binary solid-liquid fluidized bed. The computed critical velocities for 19 systems studied by different workers are in excellent agreement with reported experimental data. The model is fully predictive and does not necessarily require any experimental bed expansion data for the prediction of the inversion velocity and other parameters.


Introduction. Clustered-Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR), and CRISPR associated (Cas) protein (CRISPR/Cas) structures were first identified in E. coli in 1987 and guard prokaryotic cells from any invading pathogens, harmful events and plasmids by recognizing and cutting foreign nucleic acid sequences that contain short palindromic repeats spacer sequences. Several genome editing approaches have been developed based on these mechanisms; the most recent is known as CRISPR/Cas. Before the CRISPR technique was revealed in 2012, editing the genomes of plants and animals took many years and cost hundreds of thousands of dollars. Thus, CRISPR/Cas has attracted significant interest in the scientific community, especially for disease diagnosis and treatment, as it is quicker, less expensive and more precise than other genome editing approaches. The evidence from gene mutations in specific patients generated using CRISPR/Cas can assist in the prediction of the optimal treatment schedule for individual patients and for innovation purposes in other researches like replication in cell culture of coronaviruses like severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV2 or COVID-19). However, in numerous situations, the effects of the furthermost significant driver mutations are not yet understood and interpretation of the optimal treatment is impossible. CRISPR/Cas classifications feature highly sensitive and selective tools for the detection of various target genes. When we see the next steps of genomic research, it is obvious that genome-wide association studies are relatively new way to identify the genes involved in human disease. Furthermore, CRISPR/Cas provides a tool to manipulate non-coding regions and will thus accelerate examination of these poorly characterized regions of the genome and play a vital role in the progress of whole genome libraries. Aim. We aimed to review the history of CRISPR/Cas, the mechanisms of CRISPR techniques, its current status as a tool for studying both natural mutations and genomic manipulations, and explore how CRISPR/Cas may improve the treatment of diseases. Review Article PII: S225199392000001-10 Rec. 22 December 2019 Rev. 15 January 2020 Pub. 25 January 2020


Introduction: Identification of the NPHS1 gene, which encodes nephrin, was followed by many studies demonstrating its mutation as a frequent cause of congenital nephrotic syndrome (CNS). While this gene is found in 98% of Finnish children with this syndrome, non-Finnish cases have lower level of incidence ranging from 39 to 80%. Case report: This report describes the clinical presentation of a two-week-old neonate who presented with periorbital and lower extremities edema, abdominal distention, heavy proteinuria, serum hypoproteinemia and failure to thrive. Genetic analysis revealed NHPS1 gene mutation leading to CNS-Finnish type diagnosis. Conclusion: Through this case we want to create awareness about diagnosis and treatment challenges in developing countries for rare congenital diseases.


Current measurements were begun on fresh samples within 1.5 h after removal from the plasma generator. These invariably showed a transient which decayed, over a period of a day, to a steady state, as seen in Figure 1. On short circuiting, the current measured was zero. On reapplication of the bias, the current which flowed was transientless and of the same magnitude as the previous steady-state current.


Combining the analysis of mutations with aberrant expression of genes previously related to poorer prognosis in both acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) and acute myeloid leukemia, we propose an integrative score in APL (ISAPL) and demonstrate its relationship with clinical outcomes of patients treated with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) in combination with anthracycline-based chemotherapy. Based on FLT3-ITD mutational status, ΔNp73/TAp73 expression ratio, ID1, BAALC, ERG, and KMT2E gene expression levels, we modeled ISAPL in 159 patients (median ISAPL score: 3, range: 0-10). ISAPL modeling identified two distinct groups of patients, with significant differences in early mortality (P<0.001), remission (P=0.004), overall survival (P<0.001), cumulative incidence of relapse (P=0.028), disease-free survival (P=0.03), and event-free survival (P<0.001). These data were internally validated using a bootstrap resampling procedure. At least for patients treated with ATRA and anthracycline-based chemotherapy, ISAPL modeling may identify those who need to be treated differently to maximize their chances of cure.


It is often observed that private enterprise can produce a commodity at lower cost than can a public agency, and therefore public officials facing a "make it or buy it" decision should choose to purchase the commodity in the marketplace. In the specific case of day care for young children, this paper suggests that the observation can be misleading. Day care is more expensive in publicly-run centers than in either private centers or family day care, but transferring subsidized children from public to private centers is likely to save far less than might be anticipated. Using data from Ontario, Canada, it is suggested that placing subsidized children in private day care tends to raise the costs per child in those centers. As more day care is subsidized, the discipline of the market is eroded, the organization of the work force increases, and political pressure for better day care intensifies, all serving to drive up costs.


OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution causing lower respiratory tract infection and drug resistance of bacteria and the prevalence of the bacteria producing extended spectrum β lactamases ( ESBLs ) . METHODS The susceptibility to antimicrobial agents was studied with diffusion method on Mueller Hinton medium. The double disk test for ESBLs confirmed all putative ESBLs producing strains. RESULTS A total of 598 strains were obtained from lower respiratory tract in senile patients. From them 439 strains were Gram negative bacilli, the predominant pathogens were Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The susceptibility test showed the resistance of bacteria were markedly increased. Twenty nine isolates of 139 strains Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were ESBLs producing(20.9%). CONCLUSIONS The Gram nagative bacilli were the major pathogens isolated from senile patients with lower respiatory tract infection. The monitoring should be enhanced to give suggestions to rational use of antibiotics.


The European Union has embarked on a European Green Deal programme that advocates for a transition from fossil fuels to sustainable production. Attempts are being made to identify biomass sources and bioproducts (pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, or biofuels) that do not compete significantly with food production and have a low environmental impact. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the environmental impact of the supercritical CO2 extraction of poplar biomass in a life cycle assessment (LCA). The production system was examined in a cradle-to-gate approach. In the analysed system, poplar biomass was extracted, and residual biomass was converted to pellets which were used to generate process heat. The functional unit was 1 kg of packaged extract. The results showed that the step of biomass extraction using S-CO2 (in subsystem II) made the greatest contribution to all but two impact categories, with contribution from 25.3% to 93.8% for land use and global warming categories, respectively. In contrast, the whole subsystem I (biomass production and logistics) had a low environmental impact. Heat generation from residual biomass led to a minor decrease in the system's environmental impact. Greenhouse gases emission reached 440 kg of CO2 equivalents per 1 kg of the extract, and they were associated with high electricity consumption and steam production. Despite the application of residual biomass for heat generation, the overall environmental impacts, especially in terms of human health and ecosystem damage, remain significant, indicating the need for further optimisation and mitigation strategies in the production process. Moreover, the share of renewables in the energy mix supplied to biorefineries should mitigate the environmental impact of the extraction process.


Natural fibre, such as sisal hemp fibre, as material after soaking with dilute sodium hydroxide solution is soaking treated with chemical activating reagent 15-50 wt% concentration zinc chloride or phosphoric acid solution for 6-24 hr, carbonizing activated at 350-900 deg. c for 30-90 min, and post-treated to obtain yield of 28-45%. The present invention has low activating temperature and thus greatly reduced power consumption, and the product active carbon fibre has high yield as well as large specific area


This study was carried out in order to determine the effect of seed size on the yield and yield components of chickpea and lentil. Two field experiments, composed of three chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) varieties, four lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) and two seed sizes, were conducted in southeastern Anatolia, Turkey in 2005 and 2006 in randomized complete block designs. The seeds of the three grading sizes used in this study were evaluated for yield and its components in chickpea and lentil. For chickpea, effect of seed size on yield and 100 seed weight were significant, but no difference in seed size affects other yield components, and correlations between seed size and seed yield and 100 seed weight were positive. For lentil, effect of seed size on yield and yield components was not significant.


The present article is focused on firm-level
 entrepreneurship, considering organization's behavior
 (entrepreneurial orientation). The aim of the article is present an
 overview of entrepreneurship in the software industry of Rio Grande
 do Sul, from de point of view of the sector's specialists. After a
 short concept review of the theme, a general characterization of
 the software industry is presented, as well as an specific
 characterization of the software industry in RS, context of this
 study. Information about entrepreneurship in the sector is then
 presented, offering a general view built through specialist's view,
 and the firms from Rio Grande do Sul described as entrepreneur are
 characterized. This study is exploratory, qualitative, data
 collection was carried out through in-depth interviews. In
 conclusion, a continuation of the study is proposed in order to
 deeply know the entrepreneurial orientation of the firms, and how
 this can be facilitated in the software industry.


Privacy-preserving federated learning can accomplish model aggregation without leaking to a local model and avoid the problem of sensitive data exposure caused by model leakage. Even though it protects privacy in the training process, any data analysis task proposed by the initiator and the type of data required for the task contains the research or trade secrets of the organization. Being intercepted in the transmission process or known by other data providers, the disclosure of essential research secrets occurs, leading to the theft of research or business ideas. Therefore, it is a critical issue to achieve data matching between the initiator and the participant under the premise of privacy protection. In this study, we propose a federated learning framework that considers the above security issues. A privacy-preserving federated learning architecture based on homomorphic encryption is designed to protect each participant's data and local model. In addition, encrypted query technology is used in this architecture to provide data privacy matching. The data provider searches the data in ciphertext, finds the encrypted data that meets the conditions, and completes the training process without disclosing any requirements of the task initiator.


The many hypotheses aimed at describing the physiological, morphological, environmental forces contributing to buttress development have not clearly shown definitive evidence regarding what selective forces are responsible for buttress formation. One hypothesis that has little documented research available is that the presence of buttresses allows for an increased abundance of organic matter and inhibits nutrient leaching from the soil, thus providing the tree with a greater quality soil for localized growth. Twenty-five different soil samples were collected and analyzed for potassium, nitrogen, phosphorus, and pH from both the base of buttressed Quercus spp. and a control site in the cloud forest of Monteverde, Costa Rica. No significant difference was found in the relationship between the presence of buttresses and an increased amount of N, P, K, or a more suitable pH. Results found may be due to nutrient use by the roots of buttressed trees or a slower rate of decomposition due to decreased temperatures in lower montane wet forests verses lowland tropical forests.


In April–May 1974, the Polish Centre for Mediterranean Archaeology (director Professor Dr. K. Michalowski) carried out a first season of excavations on the central part of the citadel at Nimrud. The work was directed by the author of this article. For introductory information on this work, the reader is referred to a preliminary report on the results of this first season now in press, and to a summary communication by J. N. Postgate which has already appeared in this Journal. M. Falkner has published an account of previous work on the site by Layard, Rassam, Loftus and Mallowan, and J. E. Reade, in a very important contribution, published for the first time two of the colossi which reappear here. One of the main results of the work of the Polish expedition was the discovery of Neo-Assyrian colossi and reliefs, some of them with types of representation previously unknown. Most of these monuments formed the decoration of a building, till now only partly excavated, which was built by Aššurnaṣirpal II and restored by Shalmaneser III. To avoid confusion with the so-called Centre and Central Palaces, I propose provisionally to refer to this as the Central Building. For an over-all view of the excavations, see Plate VII. The photographs for the present study are all the work of Mr. Waldemar Jerke. It is too early to make specific statements on the function of this building and its relationship to the NW Palace, but I hope that it will become possible after the excavation seasons projected for Autumn 1975 and Spring 1976. At present one feature of this building at least is clear, its similarity in plan (so far as rediscovered) with the NW wing of Sargon's Palace at Khorsabad, and with the wings of some other Assyrian state buildings designated by G. Turner as "Reception Suite, Type F".


School Leaders' Perceptions of Caribbean Students' English Language Needs by Erica P. Williams-Pike MS, Walden University, 2004 BS, Nyack College, 2000 Doctoral Study Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of


A method was developed to determine the edge position of uranium blocks embedded in concrete, using Muon Scattering Tomography. This method is useful for nuclear waste management, as it provides a precise image of high-Z materials inside nuclear waste drums. Simulations were performed of uranium blocks with different sizes, encased in a concrete tube, and their lengths were reconstructed. The resolution obtained for the reconstructed lengths was 2.9 ± 0.5 mm and the method works down to a smallest size of 5 mm. This result was obtained without including the muon momentum. The same method was then applied including the momentum information, resulting in a better resolution of 0.96 ± 0.03 mm, and works down to a smallest size of 2 mm.


This paper discusses the complexities involved in managing and monitoring the delivery of IT services in a multiparty outsourcing environment. The complexities identified are grouped into four categories and are tabulated. A discussion on an attempt to model a multiparty outsourcing scenario using UML is also presented and explained using an illustration. Such a model when supplemented by a performance evaluation tool can enable an organization to manage the provision of IT services in a multiparty outsourcing environment more effectively.


(57) Abstract: polymer chain one and A polymer which is an addition polymer having 3.5 or more reactive functional groups per functional group of the polymer chain is a reactive functional group and coreactive of A Polymer 1 It describes an aqueous polymer dispersion comprising at least one substantially polymeric composition ungelled and aqueous solvents comprising the reaction product from the per about 2 and about 3 Yes to B polymer. Specifically, the aqueous polymer dispersions, overprint varnishes, inks, pigment dispersions, paints, adhesives, coatings, carrier resin, such as in an emulsion polymer, or useful as they.


The theory of motivation is a theory which takes the executora's motivation as the basis of moral judgment. One presupposition of the theory is that motivation can be a common object of understanding. However, motivation exists only in the heart of the executor, and cannot be known exactly by others, so motivation cannot be perceived like a common object, and thus, logically, cannot be the basis of moral judgment. Even if the executor's motivation is accepted by others and turned into a common object, the motivation still cannot become the valid basis of a moral judgment. This is the dilemma of the theory of motivation. In practice, the dilemma appears as follows: if one insists on the theory of motivation, one can be led to the result that people do evil with good intentions. However, just because motivation cannot be the basis of moral judgment does not mean that motivation is of no significance. Good motivation is always better than evil motivation. Therefore, in moral education we should carry out motivation education and teach people to strive to have good motivations for their behavior. This is the value of motivation theory.


A method for determining the fusel oil content of kaffir beer, based on the A.O.A.C. method for alcoholic beverages, was developed. The average fusel oil content of kaffer beer is high, 227 ppm in comparison with European type beer (average 110 ppm). The increase of fusel oil and ethanol content with time (0-72 h after seeding) was studied. Abnormally heavy yeast seedings reduced the fusel oil content from 290 to 190 ppm without affecting alcohol production. Combination of heavy seeding and ammonium phosphate reduced the fusel oil to 90 ppm, the level found in many European type beers. The ethanol content was reduced from 3·5 to 2·5% (v/v). Fusel oil produced relative to the amount of ethanol formed revealed that heavy seeding, with and without the addition of ammonium salts, reduced the amount of fusel oil formation by 2/3 and 1/3 respectively.


In this study, an attempt has been made for making financial decisions such as stock market prediction, to predict the potential prices of a company's stock. To serve the need of this, Twitter data and Stock market data have been considered for scoring the impression that is carried for a particular firm. These behaviours and sentiments are then used to predict the rise and drop of market value of each stock. Streaming data prove to be a perennial source of data analysis collected in real-time, which basically deals with the continuous flow of data carrying information from sources like websites, mobile phone applications, server logs, social websites, trading floors, etc. The major characteristics of such data being its accessibility and availability, help in proper analysis and prediction of user behavior in a ceaseless manner. The classifying model made out of historical data can be relentlessly honed to give even more accurate results since its outcome is always compared to the next tick of the clock. Spark streaming has been considered for the processing of humongous data and data ingestion tools like Twitter API and NodeJS have been further implemented for analysis. There have been researches made on the same concept but the present goal is to develop such a model which is scalable, fault tolerant and has a lower latency. The model rests on a distributed computing architecture called the "Lambda Architecture" which helps in attaining the goals as intended. Upon analysis, it was found that prediction of stock values is accurate when support vector regression through the help of Spark's MLlib is used and historical stock values are considered as datasets for training the models.


Purpose Traumatic kidney injury can be treated surgically or nonsurgically. Nonsurgical treatment options include angiography, embolization, and conservative treatment. We aimed to identify factors that help in making clinical decisions on treatment plans for patients with traumatic kidney injury caused by blunt trauma. Methods The study included 377 patients aged ≥18 years with traumatic kidney injury caused by blunt abdominal trauma admitted to the emergency room of Wonju Severance Christian Hospital between January 2008 and July 2020. Medical records, laboratory test results, and computed tomography results were retrospectively reviewed. Results Multivariable logistic analysis showed diastolic blood pressure at admission and disruption of Gerota's fascia were significantly associated with surgical treatment, and that perinephric hematoma rim distance was the only significant indicator favoring embolization. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that angiography and embolization should be considered when hematoma size exceeds 2.97 cm. Conclusion When a patient with traumatic kidney injury due to blunt trauma visits an emergency room, even when vital signs are stable, Gerota's fascia should be checked by computed tomography prior to deciding on surgical treatment, and angiographic embolization should be considered if perinephric hematoma rim distance exceeds 2.97 cm.


The objective of this research are to analize the influence of physical capital and human capital on the economic growth of  Indonesia. The data processed and analyzed were secondary data consisted of time series data during the period of 1990 – 2004 gathered from Statistics of Indonesia collected by the Statistic Centre Institution (BPS) including output (GDP), physical capital (proxied by gross domestic fixed capital) and human capital (proxied by the number of workers which is grouped by level of formal education). Then regression calculation was done by using the Endogen Economic Growth Model. To know whether it was statistically influential or not, the Classic Asumption test and Statistics test were done by using the assistance of SPSS computer program. From the results of this research, it can be concluded that : Although the 3 rd Level Effective Labor (Labor with Academy or University education level) (Ln Pkj E 3 )  variable has the most little elasticity coefficient (0,289),  it really has a positive and most significant influence to the economic growth in Indonesia than the elasticity coefficient of 2 nd Effective Labor (0,437) and 1 st Effective Labor (-1,796). The Annual Gross Domestic Fixed Capital (Ln M t )  variable elasticity coefficient is  0,381 and it has a positive and significant influence too, but the Gross Domestic Fixed Capital A Year Ago variable is not. The result of Adjusted R 2 value is 0,955, which is means 95,5% of  the variation of tied variable (Economic Growth in Indonesia) in the model mentioned above are able to explain by the variation of, while the rest  of  free variable used (3 rd Level Effective Labor and Gross Domestic Fixed Capital) while the 0,05% residual variation are explained by another variables which are not used in this research model.   Keywords: physical capital, human capital, economic growth


Abstract. The research is devoted to the problem of the ruminant bulky feed market formation in Ukraine in conditions of the world economic integration processes. The dynamics of bulk feed production in Ukraine, supply and demand in the domestic market have been studied. By means of benchmarking price trends in the hay market in Ukraine and England are analyzed. The study found that feeding ruminants will be complete only if all nutrients and biologically active substances are available in the diet in optimal quantities and ratios. Regression analysis proved the direct dependence of cow productivity on production and supply of bulk feed. It is established that Ukraine has favorable natural and economic conditions to meet domestic demand for bulk feed and for the formation of significant export potential. It was found that the integration process of Ukrainian agricultural producers into the world market requires constant analytical study of the sectorial market changes, considering peculiarities of domestic production of bulk feed, highlighting key factors of Ukraine's presence and potential in the agricultural market of Europe and Asia with account of safety and quality criteria of feed, environmental, social and economic sustainability of feed suppliers. Among the main factors improving the situation on the market of bulky feed are the following: introduction of new technologies for hay and pelleted feed production; creation of feed centers for the industrialized high-quality feed procurement and composing rational mixed diets for various farm animals; development of state programs to support feed production; formation of the legislative basis for the feed industry development; further standardization and certification of its products in accordance with international and European requirements, aimed at promoting integration in the world market and achieving sustainable competitive advantages.
Keywords: bulky feed market, export, hay, silage, price, benchmarking analysis, feed quality.
JEL Classification Q11, Q12, Q13, Q17
Formulas: 0; fig.: 3; tabl.: 3; bibl.: 18.


In this presentation, we summarize the main results of Shima et al. (2019). The super-droplet method (SDM) is a particle-based numerical algorithm that enables accurate cloud microphysics simulation with lower computational demand than multi-dimensional bin schemes. Using SDM, we developed a detailed numerical model of mixed-phase clouds in which ice morphologies are explicitly predicted without assuming ice categories or mass-dimension relationships. Ice particles are approximated as porous spheroids. The elementary cloud microphysics processes considered are advection and sedimentation; immersion/condensation and homogeneous freezing; melting; condensation and evaporation including cloud condensation nuclei activation and deactivation; deposition and sublimation; collision-coalescence, -riming, and -aggregation. To evaluate the model's performance, we conducted a 2D large-eddy simulation of a cumulonimbus. The results well capture characteristics of a real cumulonimbus. The mass-dimension and velocity-dimension relationships the model predicted show a reasonable agreement with existing formulas. Numerical convergence is achieved at a super-particle number concentration as low as 128/cell, which consumes 30 times more computational time than a two-moment bulk model. Although the model still has room for improvement, these results strongly support the efficacy of the particle-based modeling methodology to simulate mixed-phase clouds.

Shima, S., Sato, Y., Hashimoto, A., and Misumi, R.: Predicting the morphology of ice particles in deep convection using the super-droplet method: development and evaluation of SCALE-SDM 0.2.5-2.2.0/2.2.1, Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2019-294, 1-83, 2019.


First order Doppler effects are usually ignored in laser driven trapped ions when the recoil frequency is much smaller than the trapping frequency (Lamb-Dicke regime). This means that the central, carrier excitation band is supposed to be unaffected by vibronic transitions in which the vibrational number changes. While this is strictly true in the Lamb-Dicke limit (infinitely tight confinement), the vibronic transitions do play a role in the Lamb-Dicke regime. In this paper we quantify the asymptotic behavior of their effect with respect to the Lamb-Dicke parameter. In particular, we give analytical expressions for the frequency shift, ``pulling'' or ``pushing,'' produced in the carrier absorption band by the vibronic transitions both for Rabi and Ramsey schemes. This shift is shown to be independent of the initial vibrational state.


Carbon sequestration is the long term isolation of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere through physical, chemical, biological, or engineered processes. The largest potential reservoirs for storing carbon are the deep oceans and geological reservoirs in the earth's upper crust. This chapter focuses on geological sequestration because it appears to be the most promising large-scale approach for the 2050 timeframe. It does not discuss ocean or terrestrial sequestration. In order to achieve substantial GHG reductions, geological storage needs to be deployed at a large scale. For example, 1 Gt C/yr (3.6 Gt CO{sub 2}/yr) abatement, requires carbon capture and storage (CCS) from 600 large pulverized coal plants ({approx}1000 MW each) or 3600 injection projects at the scale of Statoil's Sleipner project. At present, global carbon emissions from coal approximate 2.5 Gt C. However, given reasonable economic and demand growth projections in a business-as-usual context, global coal emissions could account for 9 Gt C. These volumes highlight the need to develop rapidly an understanding of typical crustal response to such large projects, and the magnitude of the effort prompts certain concerns regarding implementation, efficiency, and risk of the enterprise. The key questions of subsurface engineering and surface safety associated with carbon sequestrationmore » are: (1) Subsurface issues: (a) Is there enough capacity to store CO{sub 2} where needed? (b) Do we understand storage mechanisms well enough? (c) Could we establish a process to certify injection sites with our current level of understanding? (d) Once injected, can we monitor and verify the movement of subsurface CO{sub 2}? (2) Near surface issues: (a) How might the siting of new coal plants be influenced by the distribution of storage sites? (b) What is the probability of CO{sub 2} escaping from injection sites? What are the attendant risks? Can we detect leakage if it occurs? (3) Will surface leakage negate or reduce the benefits of CCS? Importantly, there do not appear to be unresolvable open technical issues underlying these questions. Of equal importance, the hurdles to answering these technical questions well appear manageable and surmountable. As such, it appears that geological carbon sequestration is likely to be safe, effective, and competitive with many other options on an economic basis. This chapter explains the technical basis for these statements, and makes recommendations about ways of achieving early resolution of these broad concerns.« less


investigators found no differences between the two groups in patient characteristics, obstetric and neonatal outcome, or sensory or motor block. However, 60% of the patients in the continuous group required one or more additional boluses, compared with only 20% in the intermittent group. In addition, time to first rescue bolus was longer in the intermittent group (P<0.02), and the intermittent group received a lower total drug dose than the continuous infusion group (P<0.02). Continual infusions tend to result in progressive regression in the epidural block, with resultant failure of pain control and an increase in anesthetic workload. Fettes found that regular intermittent epidural injections resulted in reduced need for rescue medication and less epidural drug use. In cadavers, Hogan1 has shown that epidural spread is much more uniform when larger volumes are given with corresponding higher injectate pressures (as is the case with an intermittent bolus dose). Likewise, Hogan also demonstrated that low pressure continuous infusions are associated with uneven distribution in the epidural space.1 It seems obvious, given the study results, that continuous epidural infusion is not as advantageous as patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) with a continuous background infusion. The patient-controlled bolus dose of analgesic can provide a more uniform distribution of medication in the epidural space, while a low background continuous infusion can maintain a more therapeutic level of analgesia.


Applying the model of `recognition politics' to international relations can help to explain the identity-based elements of international conflicts that rationalist models leave out. This article uses psychological theories of identity formation to critically assess the recent move by constructivist scholars (most notably Alexander Wendt) to bring the Hegelian idea of the `struggle for recognition' into the study of IR. Examining recognition theory in this way shows that while the insights of `identity theory' developed in the symbolic interactionist tradition lend support to the idea that recognition of the `other' is essential to constituting the identity of the `self', much of the experimental work carried out within Social Identity Theory and its related fields fails to support the claim that recognition leads to the formation of an over-arching collective identity. Without a credible mechanism for collective identity formation, recognition theory fails to predict fundamental change in the international system.


ions as well as to hypotheses hands, feet, wings, to images and signs spirit, life, and tongue." And the most radical, most scandalizing formulation of all: "My crude imagination his never been able to imagine a creative spirit without genitals."27 Also language Hamann regards as God-given. It, too, rests on a divine sanction and is ultimately of a sacramental nature. Speaking is translating, from angelic (i.e., transcendental) into human speech. And, man being an emotional and imaginative being (rather than the rational one as which the Enlightenment conceived him), the whole treasure of human cognition and bliss consists not of concepts but of images.28 Thus poetry emerges as "the mother tongue of the human race"-"die Muttersprache des menschlichen Geschlechts" -not a dispensable luxury, not a social embellishment, not a vehicle for moral truths, not a game played according to a set of rules, not clever acrobatics of human wit, but rather: the basic idiom of


My proposal provides for the meaning of all the word of 'truth' in "wen shin tiu loan • original truth", that's testified to belong to the Heavenly things, the metaphysical subjectivity, and the origin under heaven, so as to become a specific term in the book. Liu Si derived the Chinese classics from the Heavenly things with which he made to be a subjectivity of his lit theory, a level of his criticizing, and as the first principle. The other principles came to the nine points.


The further development of Australian multiculturalism must squarely address racism, and a primary step must be the acknowledgement of racism. The Challenging Racism Project (2001–2008) data provide a clear picture of the acknowledgement of racism and of Anglo cultural privilege among Australians. Encouragingly, most Australians recognise that racism is a problem in Australian society. A little under half, however, deny that there is Anglo cultural privilege. Perhaps surprisingly, respondents from non-Anglo-Australian backgrounds, including those born in the Middle East and South Asia, were significantly more likely than those from Anglo backgrounds and Australian-born respondents to deny that racial prejudice exists in Australia. Cultural hierarchies of citizenship regulate the acknowledgement of racism, encouraging denial and deflection, and punishing 'complaint' from those more exposed to racism. The broader social pathology identified by this paper is an unevenness in the sense of citizenship across ethnic groups, and addressing this social weakness must be a macro-level ambition for the further development of Australian multiculturalism.


We exploit a quasi-experiment in the province of Alberta, Canada, to identify how changes in the schedule of medical bene fits affected the provision of primary care services to patients with multiple co-morbidities. Speci cally, Alberta introduced a new fee code to compensate physicians for completing a comprehensive annual care plan (CACP) for qualifying patients. During the period of study, primary care physicians could practice in two settings: (i) solo practice; or (ii) primary care networks (i.e., team based care). This paper asks how the policy change affected physician-billing patterns and whether delivery structure affected physician- billing. Data come from Alberta's administrative physician claims data, covering the full population of Alberta and all services provided by primary care physicians, for one year before and two years after the policy change. We employ a difference-in-differences methodology and implement a set of robustness checks to control for confounding from other contemporaneous changes that may have occurred in Alberta as well as unobserved physician heterogeneity. Our results suggest the new fee code became the sixth most billed code in its first year (totalling $17.9 million), but was billed by only a small proportion of physicians (roughly 2% of physicians accounted for 20% of total billings). The fee code was disproportionately billed by physicians in team-based care (PCNs), and increased the billing of other complementary fee codes by 5%-10% (or roughly $80 million). The results suggest the unintended consequences of a well-intentioned policy can be costly.


This study defines team learning as one which is complete when the team encounters and drives environmental constituents towards the path of achieving its assigned goal. Based upon fit to both external and internal environments, four types of team learning are proposed: synergistic, isolated, alienated, and destructive. Case studies of team projects in Korean and Japanese companies show that team projects with high evaluation from the top manager and/or customer succeed in dealing with both external and internal environmental factors, while team projects with low evaluations fail to meet the demands of internal environmental constituents. Some theoretical and practical implications are suggested in the conclusion.

Keywords: Team Learning, Environmental Fit, Team Project


Online videos explaining cancer treatment to young people have been launched by the Children and Teenagers Scottish Cancer Network and NHS Education for Scotland.


IT has been sho-wn by a quantitative technique (Harris, Herdan, Ancill and Yoffey, 1954) that lymphocytes form an important group amongst the marrow nucleated cells of the normal young guinea-pig. In a later series approximately 25 per cent of the total nucleated cells in the marrow were lymphocytes (Harris and Harris, 1956, unpublished). From these normal findings it was thought that quantitative study of the various marrow cell groups at close intervals during recovery from whole body irradiation might reveal significant changes in the marrow lymphocyte population if these cells have an important role in haemopoiesis. The pattern of recovery in the main cell groups and their temporal relationships could also be studied. A preliminary note on this subject has been published (Harris, 1956) and further experiments have substantiated these results. The purpose of this paper is to draw attention to 3 features emerging from the experiments. Firstly, that up to the 18th day after irradiation changes in thymic w-eight, which histologically appeared to be due to a variation in lymphocyte content of the cortex, can be statistically correlated with changes in marrow lymphocyte levels. Thus during the first 18 days after irradiation the increase in the bone marrow lymphocytes occurred concurrently with their increase in the cortex of the thymus. The significance of this will be considered. Secondly, that although the lymphocyte is very sensitive to irradiation, recovery of lymphocytopoiesis in the thymus and mesenteric lymph node, followNing the dose of irradiation used in these experiments was relatively rapid. This recovery and the restorationi of imarrow lymphocyte levels preceded the recovery of granulocyte and erythroid cells in the marrow-. Thirdly, that the blood lymphocyte levels occurring during recovery from irradiation wiere not necessarily good indices of the underlying state of activity in the lymphoid tissues examined, particularly the thymus.


This work seeks to demonstrate the advantages in functional software test automation using Sikuli tool, which uses image recognition to find the graphical elements of a system, in addition to using a custom library with methods made to automate the summarization of obtained results through the tests and their evidence. Key-words: Software testing, automated tests, Sikuli. LISTA DE ILUSTRACOES Figura 1 Processo de avaliacao 27 Figura 2 Sikuli IDE 28 Figura 3 Como o sikuli funciona 30 Figura 4 Script do caso de teste 33 Figura 5 Script de execucao 34 Figura 6 Exemplo de caso de teste Erro! Indicador nao definido. Figura 7 Grafico de resultados gerais com uma execucao 38 Figura 8 Grafico de resultados gerais com tres execucoes 39


Non-von-Neumann computing architectures and deep learning training models have sparked a new computational era where neurons are forming the main architectural backbone and vector, matrix and tensor multiplications comprise the basic mathematical toolbox. This paradigm shift has triggered a new race among hardware technology candidates; within this frame, the field of neuromorphic photonics promises to convolve the targeted algebraic portfolio along a computational circuitry with unique speed, parallelization, and energy efficiency advantages. Fueled by the inherent energy efficient analog matrix multiply operations of optics, the staggering advances of photonic integration and the enhanced multiplexing degrees offered by light, neuromorphic photonics has stamped the resurgence of optical computing brining a unique perspective in low-energy and ultra-fast linear algebra functions. However, the field of neuromorphic photonics has relied so far on two basic architectural schemes, i.e., coherent linear optical circuits and incoherent WDM approaches, where wavelengths have still not been exploited as a new mathematical dimension. In this paper, we present a radically new approach for promoting the synergy of WDM with universal linear optics and demonstrate a new, high-fidelity crossbar-based neuromorphic photonic platform, able to support matmul with multidimensional operands. Going a step further, we introduce the concept of programmable input and weight banks, supporting in situ reconfigurability, forming in this way the first WDM-equipped universal linear optical operator and demonstrating different operational modes like matrix-by-matrix and vector-by-tensor multiplication. The benefits of our platform are highlighted in a fully convolutional neural network layout that is responsible for parity identification in the MNIST handwritten digit dataset, with physical layer simulations revealing an accuracy of ∼94%, degraded by only 2% compared to respective results obtained when executed entirely by software. Finally, our in-depth analysis provides the guidelines for neuromorphic photonic processor performance improvement, revealing along the way that 4 bit quantization is sufficient for inputs, whereas the weights can be implemented with as low as 2 bits of precision, offering substantial benefits in terms of driving circuitry complexity and energy savings.


"Cancel culture" is a significant phenomenon of modern digital communication, which has not been sufficiently studied due to its relative novelty. In this article operationalisation of the term "cancel culture" is carried out, and results of an empirical study conducted by means of a questionnaire, an expert poll and the theoretical analysis method were presented. The goal of the study was to assess social effects of the phenomenon using the example of generations Y and Z. To achieve this goal, elements of the external world that likely served as ideological origins of the phenomenon; its social purpose, value and establishment in the Internet environment; aspects of online communication that form "cancel culture"; as well as specific characteristics of groups that use it as an instrument of social control were studied. The conducted study supports the suggested hypothesis that "cancel culture" is a dysfunctional social regulation mechanism that is being formed for the following reasons: users' pathological self-righteousness, tendency to jump to superficial conclusions, and inadequate and explicit aggression often manifesting itself as stigmatisation and bullying. Coupled with a binary perception of human behaviour, these factors cause the main problem of the "cancel culture" phenomenon – the imbalance of stimuli.


Every large sporting event can be used as a metaphor to convey various meanings in sports field. This study aimed to explore the core thoughts, feelings and expectations of athletes throughout the course of an overseas competition. Therefore, narrative inquiry methods and the Zaltman Metaphor Elicitation Technique (ZMET) were employed to identify the key constructs formulated in the athletes' minds and to create a consensus map. The results indicated that 43 key constructs were identified, including 10 originator constructs, 25 connector constructs and 8 destination constructs. The final values comprised professional attitude, athletic goals, training concepts, coach behavior, ties of affection, cultural confusion, self-learning, and self-reflection. This study concluded that athletes produced their experiences, combining the 2 abilities of determination and action to sustain selfexploration during the sporting event journey. The dynamic process of self-integration involving the 3 elements of consciousness, activation, and reflection was a learning continuum of learning-by-doing, thinking-by-learning, and changing-by-thinking. Finally, it is suggested that the findings derived from this study verify that the consensus map created through the ZMET can be used as a reference for designing the athletic training programs, marketing strategies for cities sponsoring major events, and government policies.


In this paper, we establish some fixed point theorems for two pairs of compatible mappings of type (B) and for two pairs of weakly compatible mappings in Banach spaces.


In this letter, a design method of a simple decoupling network (DN), which decouples adjacent antenna ports for n-element linear array antenna, is presented and evaluated based on simulation and measurements. In our technique, microstrip line (MSL) is used to configure DN. MSLs work as bridge susceptances and are connected between two adjacent antenna ports, and they decouple the antenna ports by means of cancelling the mutual admittance. From the experimental results, it is found that the mutual coupling less than −30 dB between adjacent antenna elements is achieved by using proposed design method.


Based on constant-heat equivalent enthalpy drop method and matrix method,constant-heat equivalent enthalpy drop matrix equation for power unit with double reheat was derived from strict mathematics deduction and demonstration.Using this matrix without power equation and heat absorption equation,the thermal economic analysis of double reheat unit can be completed well.In this way,a new method of thermal economic quantitative analysis was provided,so the scope of application of constant-heat equivalent enthalpy drop method was extended.Through some case calculations,the reliability of the model proved that it is common,accuracy and suitable for computer calculation.


The article dwells on the issues of translation of belles-letress texts. Translation was and still is one of the most important means of interaction between nations with different languages which promotes mutual enrichment of national literatures. The author of the article proceeds from fundamental works of the scientists-linguists and points that "during translation a translator should use those language elements which would fulfill an analogical expressive function in the whole system, not necessarily coinciding with the elements of the original by their formal character, i. e. he (she) should take into consideration not separate details, but the whole spirit of literary production ".


This Article is a attempt to understand the effectiveness of human rights in North-Korean constitution. Generally speaking, the concept of human...


The efficiency of a natural gas-fired aluminum melting furnace in a die-casting plant is examined using energy and exergy methods, to improve understanding of the burner system in the furnace and so that potential improvements can be identified. Such improvements not only reduce fuel consumption, but also mitigate environmental emissions and impacts such as climate change. The insights gained through the assessments into the melting furnace are described and potential improvements indicated are discussed. The results confirm that exergy analysis can be used beneficially to analyze and improve the furnace efficiency and that exergy efficiency is a more practical measure in reality. It is anticipated that the results will be of interest and benefit to designers of new and retrofit systems.


The pump for unvulcanized rubber includes a propeller 21 a stuffing cylinder 11 through slots 12, and a delivery piston 10 pushing the rubber through a check valve 16. Such a pump is volumetric.


The dispute between The Republic of Malawi ("Malawi") and The United Republic of Tanzania ("Tanzania") concerns the location of the border between the two States on, or at the perimeter of Lake Nyasa/Malawi ("the Lake"). The Lake is the third largest in Africa, sitting at the bottom of the Great African Rift Valley and covering approxiamately 29,600 square kilometers. The Lake's shoreline runs around western Mozambique, eastern Malawi, and southern Tanzania. The contestation relates to whether the boundary demarcating the parties' sovereign territory or territorial waters runs along the middle of the Lake, or along the Lake's eastern shoreline of the territory of Tanzania. The dispute, therefore, relates to whether Tanzania or Malawi exercise sovereignty over the eastern half of the northern part of the Lake separating Tanzania and Malawi.