The effects of dietary protein and soybean oil on the me tabolism of L-tryptophan through the NAD pathway and the activity of ƒ¿amino-ƒÀ-carboxymuconate-ƒÃ-semialdehyde decarboxylase (ACMSD) [EC 126.96.36.199] in rat liver and kidney were investigated. The animals were fed on the following niacin-free diets for 11 days: group 1, a fat-free 20% casein diet (20% Cas); group 2, a fat-free 40% casein diet (40% Cas);


Multiple quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with fruit size have been reported in apple (Malus domestica Borkh.); however, few have been fully characterized and/or validated. A pedigree-based QTL analysis approach was used to examine the genetic basis of fruit weight in 'Honeycrisp'-derived germplasm. Fourteen breeding parents were represented by 814 offspring from 13 full-sib families with breeding parents 'Honeycrisp' and 'Minneiska' being highly represented. Historical fruit weight data and curated genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data were leveraged to map QTLs to chromosomes (Chrs) 8 and 16, which together accounted for 15% of the phenotypic variation. The Chr 16 QTL colocalized with other important Chr 16 trait loci. 'Honeycrisp' inherited two low fruit weight haplotypes at the Chr 8 QTL from progenitors 'Northern Spy' and 'Grimes Golden'. At the Chr 16 QTL, 'Honeycrisp' inherited a low fruit weight haplotype from 'Frostbite' and a high fruit weight haplotype from 'Duchess of Oldenburg'. The small-fruited 'Honeycrisp' progenitor 'Frostbite' had three low fruit weight haplotypes across the two QTLs. Non-additive interactions were observed at and across QTLs. Results will enable more informed parent selection and/or development of trait-predictive DNA tests for use in apple breeding programs.


Tuvan agitational placards were one of the effective forms of agitation against fascist Germany of Soviet people during Great Patriotic War 1941-1945. Placards urged of workers of Tuvan People's Republic to participate in welfare to Red Army and Soviet people of Ukraine emancipated districts. The huge part in rising of patriotic spirit of tuvan arats played the painters V. Dyomin and V. Tas-ool. More than 20 unique placard-slogans on theme with words «All for the front, all for the victory» are keeping and exhibiting in the National Museum of Tuva Republic. Description of some placards of painters of Tuvan People's Republic has given in this work.


This study compared the developmental outcomes of twin boys (one who is blind and one who is sighted) who were born prematurely and diagnosed with twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) at age 24 months. The results indicate a disparity in the developmental outcomes of the twins. Although the medical risk factors that are associated with TTTS and preterm births, as well as vision loss, appear to have a negative impact on developmental outcomes, it is impossible to determine the degree to which any factor is responsible for this result.


This paper aims to study the relationship between local and foreign macroeconomic variables and Malaysia available Shariah Indices. In our study, we used the Vector Error Correction (VEC) framework by initially looking at the long run and short run relationship between Malaysia available Shariah indices (i.e. KLSI, FTSE Bursa Malaysia EMAS Shariah Index and FTSE Bursa Malaysia Hijrah Shariah Index) and the macroeconomic variables via the Johansen cointegration technique. Monthly data during the twenty two-year period (from January 1990 to December 2011) has been collected from DataStream and tested. The findings show positive relationship between the variables from 1990 to 2006. However, mix results were found after the period till 2011. This study then conclude that the standardized set of macroeconomic variables that specified by earlier researchers still can be relied but in careful policy formulation.


Correspondence: Ruben A Mesa Division of Hematology and Oncology, Mayo Clinic, 13400 East Shea Boulevard, Scottsdale, AZ, USA Tel +1 480 301 4502 Fax +1 480 301 4675 Email email@example.com Abstract: Essential thrombocythemia, polycythemia vera, and myelofibrosis belong to the class of Bcr-Abl negative hematologic neoplasms, which arise in part from varying Janus kinase-2 (JAK2) cellular deregulation. With the development of novel tyrosine kinase inhibitors capable of successfully inhibiting JAK in vivo, an influx of JAK2 inhibitors has come under clinical investigation. Ruxolitinib (Jakafi; Incyte Corporation, Wilmington, DE, USA) was the first of these compounds to gain US Food and Drug Administration approval in late 2011 for the treatment of intermediateand high-risk myelofibrosis. Two Phase III clinical trials – Controlled Myelofibrosis Study with Oral JAK Inhibitor Treatment-I and -II (COMFORT-I and -II) – played key roles in the US Food and Drug Administration approval of ruxolitinib with successful demonstration of spleen reduction and symptom palliation. Well tolerated in most patients, common side effects include cytopenias and gastrointestinal toxicities. The majority of preliminary data appears to suggest that if administered in a dose-titrated fashion, ruxolitinib can be used safely in a clinical practice setting. Additionally, patients most likely to benefit from ruxolitinib treatment are those with moderate to severe constitutional symptoms or splenomegaly. Future studies are ongoing in applying ruxolitinib to other hematologic and solid tumor malignancies. More clinical experience is recommended before the utility of this medication in a routine clinical practice setting can be fully determined.


An attempt has been made to explore Hall and ion‐slip effects on an unsteady magnetohydrodynamic rotating flow of an electrically conducting, viscous, incompressible, and optically thick radiating Jeffrey fluid past an impulsively vertical moving porous plate. Analytical solutions of the governing equations are obtained by Laplace transform technique. The analytical expressions for skin friction, Nusselt number, and Sherwood number are also evaluated. The velocity, temperature, and concentration distributions are displayed graphically in detail. From engineering point of view, the changes in skin friction, Nusselt number, and Sherwood number are observed with the computational results presented in a tabular manner. It is observed that the effects of rotation and Hall current tend to accelerate secondary velocity and decelerate primary velocity throughout the boundary layer region. Thermal and concentration buoyancy forces tend to accelerate both velocity components. Thermal radiation and thermal diffusion tend to enhance fluid temperature throughout the boundary layer region. Rotation and Jeffrey fluid parameters tend to enhance both stress components.


Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus (CONS) were once considered as commensals and their pathogenic potentials have been under debate for a long time. However CONS has been accepted as a potential pathogen, being isolated in various clinical samples from 1980 onwards (Karsten Becker et al., 2014). Today CONS represent one of the major pathogens among immunocompromised and hospitalized individuals, with a considerable impact on morbidity and mortality. Reports on surveillance data taken from the National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System have indicated CONS as one of the five most commonly reported pathogens in hospitals (Christof VonEiff et al., 2008). Common associated risk factors include patients with prosthetic devices, foreign body intravascular catheters, post-operative wounds and immunocompromised status (Sheikh et al., 2012).


HIV-infected patients with low CD4-cell counts have high mortality rates, but evidence is accumulating that untreated patients with higher CD4-cell


In this paper we investigate the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect and the X-ray surface brightness for clusters of galaxies with a non-spherical mass distribution. In particular, we consider the influence of the shape and the finite extension of a cluster as well as of a polytropic thermal profile on the Compton parameter, the X-ray surface brightness and on the determination of the Hubble constant. We find that the the non-inclusion of such effects can induce errors up to 30 per cent in the various parameters and in particular on the Hubble constant value, when compared with results obtained under the isothermal, infinitely extended and spherical shape assumptions.


This is the second of three volumes on the history of the Native people of Canada as revealed by archaeological evidence. Over 12,000 years of Native history preceded the arrival of Europeans.Volume II examines developments across Canada such as the gradual replacement of the earlier spear-thrower by the bow and arrow. Pottery was introduced from the south 3,000 years ago; a thousand years later silver was being fashioned into ornaments. Burial mound ritual spread from the south to eastern Canada, the communal hunting of bison became increasingly important on the Plains, and large pit house village occupied the salmon rivers on the Canadian Plateau. In addition, during this period the first evidence of ranked societies composed of slaves, commoners, and nobles appeared on the West Coast, and the Palaeo-Eskimo art approached its pinnacle.It is hoped that these volumes will contribute to a greater appreciation of Native history prior to the devastating events initiated by the European occupation of Canada.


The article analyzes the impact of sanctions and embargo on the export of oil, gas and other products on the soundness of Russian economy. The strategic issues of reducing the share of raw material exports in budget revenues, increasing the volume of domestic production of high-tech products and services, as well as ensuring the sovereignty of the Russian state and self-reliance of the Russian economy are considered.


T. Yannopoulos & D. Martin — Front Query to Dialogue : Concerning Inquiries in Black Africa. A new consideration of the various problems of the field worker doing research in an alien milieu. Non-directive group dynamics can provide a good means for supplementing interviews and questionaries, especially in an African context — a point discussed and contested in J.-L. A.'s comment.


Over three seasons between 1979 and 1981 the author undertook, on behalf of the then Historic Buildings and Monuments Directorate (Scottish Development Department), the rescue excavation of a 2.4 ha native settlement in advance of land reclamation for upland arable farming. Though limited in extent, the excavations identified a complex sequence of four major phases of occupation. Dating evidence was scarce but occupation appears to have begun as an unenclosed settlement during the Iron Age that was subsequently enclosed within earthen ramparts. Occupation inside the earthworks continued at least until the second century A.D. and a succession of later phases of building indicates that the site may have been settled continually or intermittently until the seventeenth century.


Video forensics keeps developing new technologies to verify the authenticity and the integrity of digital videos. While most of the existing methods rely on the analysis of the video data stream, recently, a new line of research was introduced to investigate video life cycle based on the analysis of the video container. Anyway, existing contributions in this field are based on manual comparison of video container structure and content, which is time demanding and error-prone. In this paper, we introduce a method for unsupervised analysis of video file containers, and present two main forensic applications of such method: the first one deals with video integrity verification, based on the dissimilarity between a reference and a query file container; the second one focuses on the identification and classification of the source device brand, based on the analysis of containers structure and content. Noticeably, the latter application relies on the likelihood-ratio framework, which is more and more approved by the forensic community as the appropriate way to exhibit findings in court. We tested and proved the effectiveness of both applications on a dataset composed by 578 videos taken with modern smartphones from major brands and models. The proposed approaches are proved to be valuable also for requiring an extremely small computational cost as opposed to all available techniques based on the video stream analysis or manual inspection of file containers.


Abstract—We present a simultaneous generalization of thewell-known Karhunen-Lo´eve (PCA) and k-means algorithms.The basic idea lies in approximating the data with k affinesubspaces of a given dimension n. In the case n = 0 we obtainthe classical k-means, while for k = 1 we obtain PCA algorithm.We show that for some data exploration problems this methodgives better result then either of the classical approaches.Index Terms—Karhunen-Loeve Transform, PCA, k-Means,´optimization, compression, data compression, image compression. I. I NTRODUCTION O UR general problem concerns splitting of a given data-set W into clusters with respect to their intrinsic di-mensionality. The motivation to create such an algorithm is adesire to extract parts of data which can be easily describedby a smaller number of parameters. More precisely, we wantto find affine spaces S 1 ;:::;S k such that every element ofW belongs (with certain maximal error) to one of the spacesS 1 ;:::;S k .To explain it graphically, let us consider following example.Figure 1(a) represents three lines in the plane, while Figure1(b) a circle and an orthogonal line in the space. Our goal isto construct an algorithm that will split them into three linesand into a line and a circle.


Objective To study the role of transcranial Doppler (TCD) in early diagnosis of posttraumatic vasospasm in traumatic brain injury patients and in treatment effect monitoring of hyperxia liquid for this condition. Methods Seventy-four patients with posttraumatic vasospasm were divided into two groups. The control group (n=42) received the general treatment, while the treatment group (n=32) received the treatment of hyperxia liquid in addition to the general treatment. Their cerebral blood flow velocities of bilateral MCA and extra-cranial portion of ICA were monitored regularly by TCD, starting from the first day after head injury until 14th day. The changes of physiological and neurofunctional parameters in both groups were compared, including cerebral vasospasm(CVS),arterial blood oxygen pressure (PaO 2),arterial blood oxygen saturation (SaO 2), the Glasgow coma scale (GCS)and the ultimate effects of treatment as indicated by Glasgow outcome scale(GOS). Results Cerebral vasospasm occurred in 1 to 3 days and peaked to the 3 to 7 days after injury, then markedly relieved at 14 days after injury. After infusion of hyperxia liquid, the PaO 2 and SaO 2 in the treatment group were significantly higher than those of the control group. The degree of vasospasm was significantly higher in the control group than that in the treatment group. GCS and GOS of the treatment group were significantly higher than those of the control group. Poor outcome was common in patients with severe cerebral vasospasm. Conclusion Early posttraumatic vasospasm can be detected by TCD. High-oxygen liquid is effective for treating posttraumatic vasospasm.


In the design of port structures, it is important to decide the magnitude of actions rationally. When designing port structures by the reliability design method, it is necessary to evaluate probability distributions of actions. Recently, we observed the surcharge of bulk cargos on mooring facilities and estimated the design value of the surcharge based on the ISO2394. As a result, we took the design value of the surcharge during earthquake as zero. In this study, the design value during earthquake based on the ISO2394 was checked by using the first-order reliability analysis.


Significance 4′-Ethynyl-2-fluoro-2′-deoxyadenosine (EFdA), a potent antiviral with an unusually long half-life, is currently in phase I clinical trials. It inhibits reverse transcriptase (RT) through a mechanism of action different from all approved anti-HIV drugs: After incorporation in the nascent DNA chain, it suppresses the rate of viral replication by diminishing RT translocation on the nucleic acid substrate. Here, we present four crystal structures of various inhibition intermediates. The structures provide insight into the structural basis of the unusual mechanism of inhibition and the exceptional potency of this promising antiviral. 4′-Ethynyl-2-fluoro-2′-deoxyadenosine (EFdA) is the most potent nucleoside analog inhibitor of HIV reverse transcriptase (RT). It retains a 3′-OH yet acts as a chain-terminating agent by diminishing translocation from the pretranslocation nucleotide-binding site (N site) to the posttranslocation primer-binding site (P site). Also, facile misincorporation of EFdA-monophosphate (MP) results in difficult-to-extend mismatched primers. To understand the high potency and unusual inhibition mechanism of EFdA, we solved RT crystal structures (resolutions from 2.4 to 2.9 Å) that include inhibition intermediates (i) before inhibitor incorporation (catalytic complex, RT/DNA/EFdA-triphosphate), (ii) after incorporation of EFdA-MP followed by dT-MP (RT/DNAEFdA-MPP•dT-MPN), or (iii) after incorporation of two EFdA-MPs (RT/DNAEFdA-MPP•EFdA-MPN); (iv) the latter was also solved with EFdA-MP mismatched at the N site (RT/DNAEFdA-MPP•EFdA-MP*N). We report that the inhibition mechanism and potency of EFdA stem from interactions of its 4′-ethynyl at a previously unexploited conserved hydrophobic pocket in the polymerase active site. The high resolution of the catalytic complex structure revealed a network of ordered water molecules at the polymerase active site that stabilize enzyme interactions with nucleotide and DNA substrates. Finally, decreased translocation results from favorable interactions of primer-terminating EFdA-MP at the pretranslocation site and unfavorable posttranslocation interactions that lead to observed localized primer distortions.


In this paper, we describe three tools that facilitate 'crowdsourcing' open source development to help overcome accessibility, usability and productivity issues identified by disabled students.


The author proposed concept s of Operator Fuzzy Logic and X-Resolution in 1984. He and his cooperaters have obtained some theoretical results. This paper introduces λ-par amodulation to handle a set of clauses with the predicate of equality, and thus the equality substitution can be used in fuzzy reasoning. Finally, λ-paramodulation is proved to be complete with λ-lock-semantic resolution method.


Segmented all-electron basis set of triple zeta valence quality plus polarization functions (TZP) for the elements of the fifth row to be used together with the zero-order regular approximation (ZORA) is carefully constructed. To correctly describe electrons distant from atomic nuclei, the basis set is augmented with diffuse functions giving rise to a set designated as ATZP-ZORA. At the ZORA-B3LYP theoretical level, these sets are used to calculate the ionization energy and mean dipole polarizability of some atoms, bond length, dissociation energy, and harmonic vibrational frequency of diatomic molecules. Then, these results are compared with the theoretical and experimental data found in the literature. Even considering that our sets are relatively compact, they are sufficiently accurate and reliable to perform property calculations involving simultaneously electrons from the inner shell and outer shell. The performances of the ZORA and second-order Douglas–Kroll–Hess Hamiltonians are evaluated and the results are also discussed.


A fiber optic sensing demodulation system based on a swept fiber laser was reported.A HCN gas cell was adopted as an embedded wavelength calibrator for the swept laser.The relation between the scanning voltage applied to the fiber Fabry-Perot tunable filter(FF-PTF) and the lasing wavelength was given out by a three order nonlinear fitting.The scanning voltage and multi-channel spectroscopy signal from sensors were sampled simultaneously and calibrated in real time.The interrogation wavelength resolution of 1.4pm and the long term repeatability of 3.2 pm were achieved.Demodulation test results for FBG and F-P sensors show that the system is capable of measuring the reflected peak wavelength of FBG and cavity length of fiber EFPI sensor with high accuracy.


The Meca Sapiens Architecture describes how to build conscious synthetic beings. It is based on the conjecture that consciousness is a cognitive perception triggered by observable capabilities and detectable in human behavior. The architecture is complete and ready for implementation.


Most patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) experience a wearing-off phenomenon in advanced stages of the disease requiring frequent oral administrations of levodopa. In addition, more than 80% of patients with PD develop dysphagia, which is associated with insufficient medication intake, malnutrition, and aspiration pneumonia during disease progression. Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) may be considered in patients who experience dysphagia to ensure intake of sufficient medication and prevent aspiration pneumonia because levodopa is often effective in improving the swallowing function in PD. However, anatomical deformities of the stomach or postural deformities such as severe camptocormia and scoliosis may hinder safe PEG placement. Herein, we present the case of a 71-year-old woman with PD who exhibited the wearing-off phenomenon and was being treated with oral levodopa/carbidopa and entacapone every 3 hours in addition to a rotigotine transdermal patch. She had a Hoehn and Yahr stage of 5 in the off state, and the progression of motor symptoms resulted in difficulty swallowing, thereby affecting her regular oral administration of levodopa, mainly in the off state. Although PEG was considered to ensure sufficient levodopa intake and to improve the swallowing function, a thoracoabdominal computed tomography scan revealed a large sliding hiatal hernia located posterior to the heart, suggesting that safe PEG placement would be impossible (Fig. 1A,B). We proposed percutaneous transesophageal gastro-tubing (PTEG), which was performed safely, by approaching the left side of the neck (Fig. 1C). Subsequently, the patient was able to regularly take the levodopa preparation via the PTEG tube, thereby resulting in a decreased off time. The patient also displayed mild improvement of dysphagia and increased oral food intake. Measurement of plasma levodopa concentrations confirmed satisfactory levodopa absorption (Fig. 1D). PTEG, a minimally invasive technique, was developed in Japan for enteral nutrition and drainage in cases where PEG was considered logistically difficult. The tube is placed into the stomach via the cervical esophagus at the left neck under ultrasonic guidance. Although the procedures of PTEG are less invasive than those of PEG, PTEG remains unknown to most surgeons and gastroenterologists outside of Japan. PEG is commonly used for long-term tube feeding to address dysphagia in patients with advanced PD who experience swallowing problems as the disease progresses. However, PEG is not suitable in some cases, such as gastrectomy, severe ascites, advanced gastric cancer, and interposing organs between the anterior gastric wall and abdominal wall. Moreover, a large hiatal hernia can lead to unsuccessful PEG tube placement. Specifically, our patient could not undergo PEG because the large sliding hiatal hernia hindered the identification of a safe puncture site. Therefore, PTEG was performed successfully without any specific issues and resulted in regular administration of levodopa with satisfactory levodopa pharmacokinetics and amelioration of motor symptoms. Levodopa can lead to improvements in motor and nonmotor symptoms, including dysphagia, when administered at a sufficient dose. This study suggests that PTEG should be considered as an alternative procedure of levodopa administration in patients with advanced PD when PEG is not feasible for reasons such as anatomical abnormalities.■


Master of Science Atmospheric Correction of Brightness Temperatures for Sea Ice Concentration Retrieval using 89 GHz Algorithms by Junshen Lu Sea ice has large impact on climate changes. An accurate retrieval of the spatial and temporal distribution of sea ice is thus essential to understand and predict the weather and climate. Taking advantage of the high resolution of AMSR-E (Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer Earth Observing System) 89 GHz channel, the ASI (Artist Sea Ice) algorithm has a higher spatial resolution, but is more sensitive to the atmospheric impact. In this study, the influence of atmospheric parameters on sea ice concentration retrieval in the Arctic is studied, and a new version of ASI algorithm that includes atmospheric correction is developed. The correction is carried out by simulating TB contributed by atmosphere with a linear forward model developed for the frequencies of AMSR-E. ECMWF data, co-located with AMSR-E measurements, are used as the atmosphere profiles. The included parameters are: total columnar water vapor, wind speed, liquid water path, skin temperature and 2 meter air temperature. The combined correction of TWV, WS, LWP and Tskin effectively screens out most atmospheric influences.


Within the last decades, there has been an extreme occurrence of natural disasters, especially in urban settlements. Due to this, there have been efforts to advance human understanding of social sources of vulnerability to these disasters in an attempt to reduce the high social and material costs. This study therefore explored social sources of vulnerability to natural disaster with focus on floods in informal settlements of Lagos. Lagos represents one of the cities with the fastest growing urban agglomerations in the world. About half of its population lives in informal settlements thereby exacerbating a high degree of vulnerability especially among slum dwellers. This study is based on a comprehensive household survey and key informants interviews as well as on focus group discussions. It documents the scale and frequency of flooding in informal settlements and the impacts as well as the household and community coping and adaptation mechanisms. It also explores the institutional responses and adaptations measures against the prevailing flood situation. The study also examines how factors such as lack of infrastructure, poor socio-economic and locational disadvantages contributes to the vulnerability of slum dwellers to floods.
The coping and adaptation mechanisms employed in this study depended upon the diversity and accessibility of the available options, economic affordability of the households and level of social networking. From this study, social capital plays a leading role in galvanizing mutual help among neighbours and different networks. Based on the exposures and management capacities identified in this study, recommendations were also made on how to enhance capacities to reduce flood vulnerability in Lagos informal settlements.


Thank you for downloading physical processes in earth and environmental sciences. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have search hundreds times for their favorite readings like this physical processes in earth and environmental sciences, but end up in harmful downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they juggled with some malicious bugs inside their computer.


Finding resources in an indoor facility can be a difficult task, especially for patrons who are not familiar with what the facility has to offer. Current methods of indoor navigation involve the use of static maps, directions posted on walls and other traditional systems. However, as we see greater mobility of always-connected computing devices, we believe a better solution can be developed. As campuses and facilities begin to be covered with wireless internet access, we can access the web seamlessly from any location. In this paper, we explore the possibility of using a handheld device that can leverage that technology to search for and locate services and resources within a library. By displaying maps with directions and introducing several other features to aid library exploration, we believe we can reduce search and retrieval times as well as enrich the user experience.


It would appear from these results that a year is a suitable interval between surveys, thus supporting Reid's findings in America. However, the public must be educated in the advantage to be obtained from a periodic x-ray examination of the chest, as only by an adequate response can the scheme become fully effective. The fact must be stressed that a negative fluorograph is no guarantee that an abnormality will not develop at some future date.


THIS PAPER IS THE FIRST IN A SERIES OF ARTICLES CONCERNING THE ROLE OF THE CLAY FRACTION IN ENGINEERING SOILS, INCLUDING BOTH THE METHODS OF ANALYSIS AND THE APPLICATION OF THE RESULTS OBTAINED TO DETERMINE AND CONTROL THE ENGINEERING BEHAVIOR OF THESE SOILS. THE DIFFERENTIAL THERMAL METHOD OF ANALYSIS IS PRESENTED WITH EMPHASIS ON THE PREPARATION OF SAMPLES FOR ANALYSIS SO AS TO INCREASE THE SENSITIVITY AND ACCURACY OF THIS ANALYTICAL PROCEDURE. PART TWO PRESENTS METHODS FOR THE DETERMINATION OF THE PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION DOWN TO ONE-TENTH MICRON DIAMETER AND BELOW, AND FOR THE RAPID DETERMINATION OF CATION EXCHANGE CAPACITY FOR THE WHOLE SOIL AND FOR THE LESS THAN ONE MICRON FRACTION. THE METHODS PRESENTED ARE SELECTED BECAUSE OF THEIR RAPIDITY AND SIMPLICITY AND BECAUSE THEY EMPLOY EQUIPMENT WHICH IS READILY AVAILABLE. /AUTHOR/


Two-Photon-Polymerization (2PP) is a fast developing method for the microand nanostructuring of three-dimensional parts. The manufacturing of biocompatible structures using this technique is a promising field as it fulfills the demands for parts with high feature resolution. This paper reports the fabrication of scaffolds using photopolymers with embedded living organisms (Caenorhabditis elegans). The structuring was performed with a pulsed near-infrared laser with a wavelength of 810nm and adjustable power up to 160mW. Using a 20x magnification microscope objective with a numerical aperture of 0.4, a high resolution scaffold with a base area of 300x300μm and a height of 80μm could be fabricated. Taking advantage of high laser intensities (writing speed: 300μm/s) the structuring process took only 12 minutes.


MRS can be used non-invasively to study the several trace metabolites and energy metabolism in vivo. By quantitatively analyzing the compounds changes we could detect abnormal metabolism in tumor and its surrounding tissue, and estimate tumor infiltration in vivo and vitro. In recent years, MRS has been applied in cell line research and is becoming a promising method. In this article we summarized the applications of MRS in cell lines in studying diagnosis, treatment, and tumor mechanisms.


OBJECTIVE: Sinus infections are common and represent a high cost to the health care industry. Clinical protocols can be used to develop cost-effective treatment strategies. Our objective was to show that a protocol for rhinosinusitis can change provider practice patterns in primary care. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: We used a literature search, survey of primary caregivers, and chart review from an academic health center to define and document current patterns. A protocol was developed and evaluated using the Rhinosinusitis Disability Index. RESULTS: Survey and chart review identified that primary caregivers do not elicit a detailed history for rhinosinusitis. Protocol use increased this to 100%. First-line antibiotic therapy was used for only 49.4% of the patients before protocol use and for 68.5% after protocol use. Patients felt better after treatment 84.1% of the time; the Rhinosinusitis Disability Index could not measure improvement. CONCLUSION: Provider practice patterns were positively influenced by use of the protocol. SIGNIFICANCE: Clinical protocols should be developed to direct provider treatment practices.


We present an end-to-end neural network-based model for inferring an approximate 3D mesh representation of a human face from single camera input for AR applications. The relatively dense mesh model of 468 vertices is well-suited for face-based AR effects. The proposed model demonstrates super-realtime inference speed on mobile GPUs (100-1000+ FPS, depending on the device and model variant) and a high prediction quality that is comparable to the variance in manual annotations of the same image.


Fourth-, fifth-, and sixth-grade students, representing three classifications—intellectually gifted, learning disabled, and normal-achieving—were compared for their conceptualizations, attributions, and attitudes about school grading practices. Significant differences were found among the three groups, particularly in ability to define grading systems and tendencies to perceive the causes for getting good grades as internal and controllable. Linear trends were found on these variables, with mean scores showing an increase from the learning-disabled, to the normal-achieving, to the gifted group. Results are discussed in terms of psychological theory and issues for educational practice.


We have measured the magnetization and Mossbauer effect on vapor-quenched amorphous Hf 1- x Ta x Fe 2 alloys prepared by sputtering for x =0, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 0.9 and 1 from 4.2 to 300 K. We observed the spontaneous magnetization for all the present samples except for x =1, where the ferromagnetic moment and Curie temperature monotonically decrease with increasing Ta concentration. A comparison between the ferromagnetic and paramagnetic moments suggests that the alloys are an itinerant-electron ferromagnet. The reduced low-temperature magnetization falls characteristically below that of crystalline HfFe 2 and follows a T 3/2 law. From the broad Mossbauer spectrum below the Curie temperature we estimate the average hyperfine field. Ta-concentration and temperature dependence of the average hyperfine field agrees with that of the magnetization.


Abstract Cochlear implantation is currently the intervention option of choice for many children with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD) who are unable to obtain benefit from conventional ...


This paper expounded the realization and application of AC drive technology of the diesel locomotive. on the basis of control block diagram of AC drive diesel locomotion main drive system, we analyzed the principle of AC drive diesel locomotive, and established the control regulation of invector and mathematical models of asynchronous traction motor and train. The steady process of the traction and resistance of AC drive diesel locomotive brake was also simulated.


Strengthening of multilateralism, which in modern conditions is one of the key factors of maintenance of the real sovereignty, became the basic tendency of the expiring year in the foreign policy of our country


In the light of the first remark we could read the second as implying that Nietzsche's own philosophy would be voluntarily and consciously the "personal confession" that other philosophies have unintentionally been. What we would read in Nietzsche's works would be Nietzsche himself, his character and "inward states."9 It would be a mistake, then, to read Nietzsche as he is almost always readfor the system or nonsystem of his "views," "theories," "doctrines." Views and doctrines are merely signs or symptoms of a subjectivity that reveals itself in them. Yet as soon as we begin to read Nietzsche's writings in accord with these hints we are involved in the labyrinth. Nietzsche tells us near the beginning of Beyond Good and Evil that every philosophy is a personal confession, but near the end he says:


Experimental results from an analog scale model and from field tests on two glaciers using radio-frequency interferometry (RFI) are interpreted on the basis of previously described theoretical results. The RFI technique is found to be a practical method with which to study layering in low-loss dielectrics. Three parameters of the upper layer can be estimated from the data: the dielectric constant, the loss tangent, and an estimate of the thickness to a reflector. The method is an inexpensive way to sound ice sheets less than a few hundred meters thick, and could be used to study low-loss layers on the moon.


Hybrid inorganic-organic solar cells are an attractive alternative energy source because of their low-cost production and ability to make use of a large amount of solar radiation available. This work aims to evaluate different solar cells composed of TiO2 and ZnO with P3OT/P3MT copolymer. Layers of semiconductor oxides were deposited on transparent fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) by spin coating and adsorption in the polymer solution. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), were used to characterize the fabricated semiconductors and curves of current density vs. potential (j-V), photochronoamperometry (j-t) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were used to determine their electrical characteristics. The XRD analyses confirmed the crystalline nature of the oxide materials. SEM micrographs showed the spherical morphology of ZnO and the poorly defined agglomerate morphology of TiO2. The electrochemical measurements proved that the best cell was produced with P3OT/P3MT copolymer and TiO2, owing to its lower charge transfer resistance, with the following photovoltaic parameters: Voc = 0.615 V ± 0.004, jsc = 1.545 mA cm ± 0.240, FF = 0.637 ± 0.003, and η = 0.617% ± 0.117.


The invention relates to an energy dissipation fender of a stable structure. The fender comprises a shell, the shell is provided with a collision surface, one or more groups of frames are arranged inside the shell, the cross section of each frame is shaped like a Chinese character 'ba', the smaller opening of the 'ba' shape is close to and faces to the collision surface of the shell, and the larger opening of the 'ba' shape is far away from the collision surface of the shell. According to the energy dissipation fender of the stable structure, the theory that a triangle is stable in structure is utilized, the frames in the 'ba' shapes are added, and therefore the whole fender is kept stable.


Though Canadian economists and sociologists both examine the nature of regional dependency in Canada, they have radically different interpretations of the nature of that dependency. This paper contrasts the economic theory of 'transfer dependency' developed by economist Thomas J. Courchene, with the sociological approach known as 'dependency theory.' The transfer dependency approach is criticized for its emphasis on economic factors at the expense of social and cultural considerations. It is argued that policies based on that theory may have deleterious social consequences. The dependency theory perspective is seen as providing greater insight into the nature of the social and economic structures which create and sustain regional underdevelopment.


Abstract We combine ideas from types for continuations, effect systems and monads in a very simple setting by defining a version of classical propositional logic in which double-negation elimination is combined with a modality. The modality corresponds to control effects, and it includes a form of effect masking. Erasing the modality from formulas gives classical logic. On the other hand, the logic is conservative over intuitionistic logic.


Objective: to investigate the degradation of human-hair artificial tendon(HHKAT) material and evaluate its biocompatibility in body. Methods: the HHKAT materials were divided into two groups: Z and F according to disposed time, normal human hair used as control group. The Z, F and O samples were implanted into the two sides of spine muscle in 12 rabbits. The rabbits were killed 2,6,12,24 weeks after operation and the degradation progress of HHKAT and its tissue reaction were observed. Results: the degradation time of HHKAT was different according to disposed time, complete absorption for the F group, little absorption in 24 weeks for the Z group, no absorption for O group. Histologic investigation showed that HHKAT and normal human hair did not evoke apparent inflammatory reaction, and the histologic reaction decreases as degradation of HHKAT. Conclusion: HHKAT is a kind of material with good biocompatibility and can degradation according to requirement.


The main development modes of video websites in China are "legal copy + free + Advertisement" and "Hulu + UGC".Based on the analysis of the latest data and websites developments,several profit modes are concluded.Various types of advertising and charge modes are proposed;movie investment are expanded into upstream industry;e-commerce is adopted;commercial network video platform is built;mobile value-added service is provided;as regards to the low profit of video websites,contents optimization is the key to raising the core competitiveness of video websites in order to realize its profit development in the long run.


This study examined utilisation problems of community forest products (firewood and timber quantity harvested, and fodder collection days) on an institutional model. The data for this study were collected from forest user groups of three mid hill districts in Nepal. The results showed that the problems and practices of product utilization were determined by many factors of forest user group institutions. This study identified that the forest product utilisation is a double hurdle decision process. The first hurdle is to decide whether or not to utilize the products. The second hurdle is how much to utilize for those who decide to utilize. Some factors played a positive role in the first decision step and for some products and a negative role in the second decision step and for other products, or vice versa. Some institutional factors exhibited endogenous roles in determining the outcomes of other institutional factors. The findings imply that improvement of institutional factors can increase in some extent, the rural households' access to forest products in Nepal. Improvements of the determinants for better utilization of the forest products require technical supports specific to the conditions of each decision step.


The forming mechanism of manganese subgroup nonmagnetic cast iron is analyzed and the action of manganese and other elements were shown.Further,the composition of this alloy is optimized,the metal graphic structure feature,mechanical and electric properties of this alloy are determined..


ABSTRACT Steady-state concentration in lake water is determined by the rate of input, residence time of water, and rate of removal into lake floor sediments. For a given input (loading) rate, a steady-state concentration is a 'warning sign' or a limit to which the lake will tend. For 22 lakes in North America and Western Europe, the upper limits of steady-state concentrations of phosphorus are in the 'eutrophic' range from 0·03 to 0·3 mg P/l., at the existing input rates of 10−2 to 10−1 mg 1.−1 year−1. A natural baseline input of phosphorus to lakes, owing to the chemical weathering of continents, is lower, 10−4 to 10−3 mg 1.−1 year−1. The rates of removal of phosphorus to lake floor sediments are of the order of 25–50 per cent of input load. For sodium and chloride, mean rate of removal into sediment is less than 0·5 per cent of input load; for Sr90, 1–4 per cent; and for Cs137, 25–65 per cent or higher. The higher rates of removal into sediments result in lower concentration in lake water.


An experimental study shows that 2 percent by weight ozone in oxygen has little effect on overall reactivity for a range of oxidant-fuel weight ratios from 1 to 6. This conclusion is based on characteristic-velocity measurements in 200-pound-thrust chambers at a pressure of 300 pounds per square inch absolute with low-efficiency injectors. The presence of 9 percent ozone in oxygen also did not affect performance in an efficient chamber. Explosions were encountered when equipment or procedure permitted ozone to concentrate locally. These experiments indicate that even small amounts of ozone in oxygen can cause operational problems.


Objective To systematically examine the association between metformin and abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and provide a basis for the treatment of AAA. Methods Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Ovid databases were searched by computer to identify the literature related to metformin and AAA published until February 2022. The literature was screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, data were extracted, and a quality assessment was conducted. The meta-analysis was performed using Stata 16.0 and RevMan 5.3 software. Results Seven articles containing a total of 10 cohort studies (85,050 patients) met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. Meta-analysis showed that metformin can limit the expansion of AAA (MD = – 0.72, 95% CI: – 1.08 ~ −0.37, P < 0.00001), as well as reduce AAA repair or AAA rupture-related mortality (OR = 0.80, 95% CI:0.66 ~ 0.96, P = 0.02). The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion Metformin can limit the expansion of AAA and reduce the incidence of AAA and postoperative mortality. However, further biological experiments and clinical trials still need to be conducted to support this.


The approach to development of triggered multigap gas switches with radial arrangement of electrodes is described. Gaps switching process is based on self-propagation of overvoltage along the chain of these gaps. Basic features of such type of gap switches were investigated. Switching processes of radial gas switch in nitrogen and SF6 were researched, including dynamics properties, triggering ability, delay of switching process and spatial switch channels distribution. The ability of using these types of devices as the switches of coaxial double forming lines in highcurrent a nanosecond highvoltage pulse generators is shown.


In 2017–2019, the authors studied the influence of the meadow clover on the density, soil structure and biotic activity of sod-podzolic medium loamy lightly-eroded soil under plowing and minimal tillage in a stationary field experiment in the fourth rotation in the conditions of the Udmurt Republic. During the period of clover growth with minimal tillage, the topsoil density was reduced to the optimal parameters for cereal crops (1.29 g/cm3) and overcompaction of the uncultivated soil layer (1.59 g/cm3). Under these conditions, the clover formed a reliable increase in the yield of green mass of 8.9 t/ha relative to the yield obtained during plowing. The structural condition of the soil was described as good. A year later after the application of clover green mass, an aggregate analysis showed an improvement in the structure of the plough layer. The content of the lumpy fraction by plowing decreased by 6.0% in the 0–10 cm layer and 3.0% in the 10–20 cm layer, with minimal tillage of 7.6 and 16.0%, respectively. This made a positive effect on the biotic soil activity. Also, the decomposition level of cotton cloths was in a close positive relationship with the accumulation of small mesoaggregates of 0.5–1 mm in size (in topsoil r = 0.83, in the lower layer r = 0.80). An increase in the fine structure content of 0.25–0.5 and 0.5–1 mm was observed in both versions of soil tillage. As a result, the plow layer acquired an excellent structural condition. The barley of the 2019 yield on clover manure formed 3.70 t/ha of grain during plowing and 3.82 t/ha under the minimum tillage. The obtained results indicate the formation of optimal growing conditions for grain crops with minimal tillage of sodpodzolic medium loamy lightly-eroded soil of the Udmurt Republic due to the environment-improving properties of clover with the application of its green mass for green manure production.


: As one of the traditional theories of traditional Chinese medicine, the theory of collaterals has a significant effect in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. According to the initial link of atherosclerosis -- vascular endothelial damage, guided by the theory of collaterals disease, from the two perspectives of the vein vacuity and vein obstruction, Buyang Huanwu Decoction of tonifying Qi and promoting blood circulation and collaterals and Gualsankyx Baibanxia Decoction of eliminating phlegm and removing blood stasis and collaterals and Xuefuzhuyu Decoction are respectively given.Based on the past experimental demonstration, this paper aims to provide new ideas for clinical diagnosis and treatment.


The diffusion-limited reaction rate is determined on an approximately self-affine corrugated (random) surface fractal. We obtain the exact result for the low roughness and the asymptotic results (in three time regions) for the arbitrary and large roughness surfaces. These results show the anomalous time dependence for the mean flux and the mean excess flux for the large and small roughness surfaces, respectively. The intermediate time behavior of the reaction flux for the small roughness interface has the form 〈J〉 ∼ t-1/2 + const t-3/2+H, but for the large roughness interfaces it has same form as predicted earlier, 〈J〉 ∼ t-1+H/2, where H is Hurst's exponent. This nonuniversality and dependence of intermediate time behavior on the strength of fractality of the interface is not conceived by earlier works. We also show the localization of the active zones in the presence of roughness. Finally, these results unravel the connection between the total reaction flux and the crossover times to the roughness charac...


Based on the characteristics of two-way incline and triangle structure load-bearing system and much construction difficulty especially the construction of super-weight super-high-level cantilever structure on the new CCTV Headquarters steel structure,engineers develop some series of advanced construction technologies to construct the new CCTV Headquarters which are the climbing construction technology of super-large tower crane in steel structure,construction technology of large temporary landing stage to solve limited hoisting,tension technology of prestressed anchors and installation technology of super-weight super-high-level cantilever steel structure,etc.


The paper concerns effects obtained as the result of cast iron coating with copper using different methods. Authors studied the influence of the high-temperature oxidation, as the preliminary stage previous to coating with copper on the change of surface layer structure as well as subsurface layer of cast iron with flake graphite. Received effects were compared to these obtained during cast iron coating in liquid copper without preliminary thermal processing, as well as coating with copper during turning. As the consequence of conducted high-temperature oxidation in subsurface layer of cast iron pores have been created, that in result of coating in liquid copper were filled with new phase and in this way the new zone with different properties was obtained. It was additionally stated that the cast iron layer enriched in copper is considerably thicker than layers got with application of other methods.


High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with diode array detector (DAD) was applied to determine water-soluble organic acids (malic acid,citric acid and succinic acid) and vitamins (Vc,VB1 and VB2) in strawberries.0.5 mmol/L H3PO4 -acetonitrile was use as the mobile phase,with different ratio and different ? ow rate at different time.Several wavelengths (210,254 and 270 nm) were adopted in this study simultaneously.The substances mentioned above were isolated in 13 min efficiently.The stability of the method ranged 0.72%~2.35%.The precisions were between 0.96% and 1.84% and the result of recoveries was 96.00%~103.46%.Cheng'an strawberries and the similar products have been investigated and compared,the study provides a theory base to the fidelity of Cheng'an strawberries.


The aim of this study was to investigate the growth, fattening characteristics and veal quality of MLT from Holstein calves (total number of 40 heads) produced from 4 slaughter weight groups (130, 150, 180 and 210 kg). Calves were fed in the same conditions. Average daily gains ranged from 660 g in slaughter weight 130 kg to 840 g in weight 210 kg (P < 0.001). The most important changes of linear body measurements were revealed in hip height and withers height (P < 0.001). Slaughter weight had strong impact on average daily gain and most of body measurements (P < 0.01). Slaughter weight influenced proportion of kidney, rumen and intestinal fat, while highest proportion was found in the group of 180 kg (P < 0.001). Calves of slaughter weight 180 kg had lowest proportion of bones (P < 0.001) and highest proportion of meat (P < 0.001) from right – half carcass. Highest proportion of separable fat had calves of 210 kg as well as 150 kg. In terms of nutritional quality of veal, we found significant and high individual differences in intramuscular fat content (P < 0.01) as well as between monitored groups. The lightness of the meat was highest in the group of 180 kg (P < 0.05). Protein content of the loin muscle had negative impact on intramuscular and moisture content (P < 0.001). Parameter pH strongly positively influenced drip loss value and negatively electrical conductivity.


In many real time control applications, the task periods are typically fixed and worst case execution times are used in schedulability analysis. With the advancement of robotics, flexible visual sensing using cameras has become a popular alternative to the use of embedded sensors. Unfortunately, the execution time of visual tracking varies greatly. In such environments, control tasks have a normally short computation time but also an occasional long computation time; therefore, the use of worst case execution time is inefficient for controlling performance optimization. Nevertheless, to maintain the control stability, we still need to guarantee the task set, even if the worst case arises. We propose an integrated approach to control performance optimization and task scheduling for control applications where the execution time of each task can vary greatly. We create an innovative approach to elastic control that allows us to fully utilize the processor to optimize the control performance and yet guarantee the schedulability of all tasks under worst case conditions.


The physical and electrical properties as well as thermal stability of reactively sputtered titanium nitride (TiN) film serving as a diffusion barrier was studied for silver (Ag) metallization. The thermal stability of Ag/TiN metallizations on Si with 12-nm-thick TiN barriers, as-deposited and after annealing at 300-650°C in N 2 /H 2 for 30 min, was investigated with sheet resistance measurement, X-ray diffraction, focused ion beam-scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. According to electrical measurement no change of sheet resistance was found after annealing at 600°C, but an abrupt rise appeared at 650°C annealing. There are two causes by which the Ag/TiN/Si structure became degraded. One is agglomeration of the silver layer, and the other is oxidation and diffusion which are also associated problems during thermal annealing.


The number of Regional Trade Agreements (RTAs) have increased markedly over the last decade, with many addressing market openness and rule-making for services trade. Recent RTAs are breaking down existing barriers: on average, removing between 10% and 40% of services restrictions present in the multilateral regime, and going significantly further in binding applied services regimes. When measured against the benchmark of commitments in the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS), binding commitments in RTAs eliminate between 40% and 70% of the "water" in the GATS – although low levels of "water" are not necessarily synonymous with high levels of openness. Ultimately, national and collective services reforms and liberalisation will best drive inclusive and sustainable economic growth.


A GREAT deal has been written about the requirements of neurosurgical anaesthesia, but little about the use of controlled respiration for these cases. It appears, however, that the use of controlled respiration in neurosurgery has spread throughout various centres in Australia. It is intended here to describe a technique for neurosurgical anaesthesia using controlled positive and negative pressure respiration. Prior to April 1956, an open technique was invariably used at St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, which appeared to give better operating conditions than controlled respiration with intermittent positive pressure. However, since obtaining a Harrington-James respirator an increasing number of cases has been done with controlled positive and negative pressure, until the present when the majority of cases are anaesthetized by this method. It is considered that a soft brain and good operating conditions are more consistently achieved.


Split-pool synthesis was used to prepare large numbers of spatially-separated molecules and thereby to investigate the specificity pockets of similar SH3 domains found in the tyrosine kinases Src and Hck. By taking into account the structure of the Src SH3 domain complexed to a ligand containing non-peptide-binding elements, the molecules were designed to complement the topography of the protein's binding pocket. This procedure led to the discovery of ligands having greater affinity and enhanced selectivity for the Src SH3 domain. It also yielded non-natural ligands that bind selectively to the Hck SH3 domain. Insights gained from this strategy may facilitate the discovery of molecules useful for evaluating the cellular function of SH3 domain-containing proteins.


In a series of production experiments, the speaking F0 profiles (e.g. F0 range, mean, standard deviation) of English and Mandarin were compared for different kinds of speech samples: tone sweeps, isolated words, neutral prose passages, and lively reading of story character dialog. Whether the two languages differed depended on the particular speech samples being compared. Most notably, the physiological F0 ranges of the speakers, determined from tone sweeps, hardly differed between the two languages, indicating that the English and Mandarin speakers' voices are comparable. Their use of F0 in single-word utterances was, however, quite different, with the Mandarin speakers having higher maximums and means, and larger ranges, even when only the Mandarin high falling tone was compared with English. In contrast, in the prose passage the two languages were more similar, differing only in the mean F0, Mandarin again being higher, and in the story dialog English had a larger range. The study thus contributes to the growing literature showing that languages can differ in their F0 profile, but highlights the fact that the choice of speech materials to compare can be critical.


Adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) aspire to work, though they are often excluded from the workforce. However, little is known about the perspectives and work experiences of adults with IDD viewed through a vocational psychology lens. Our study focused on the Psychology of Working theoretical (PWT) framework, which is anchored in inclusivity, lived experiences, and equity. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 18 adults with IDD across the United States to understand how they make meaning of work and the extent to which their lived experiences aligned with the PWT taxonomy. We employed consensual qualitative research to analyze participants' views within the three functions of the PWT taxonomy (i.e., power and survival, social connection, and self-determination). Our findings affirm the taxonomy as an appropriate framework to apply to the working experiences of adults with IDD. We discuss implications of this study for research and practice in vocational psychology.


In the paper we give a complete classification of 2-dimensional evolution algebras over algebraically closed fields, we compare the list of representatives of the isomorphism classes with that of obtained earlier by the other authors. Also we describe their groups of automorphisms and derivation algebras.


Depression is a common complication after stroke. It is often associated with disability and increased mortality. This article reviews the pathophysiology mechanisms of poststroke depression.

Key words:
Stroke;  Depressive Disorder


Taking the fresh pig skin as material,the pig skin fat was removed by the method of two step-organic solvents and then extracted by dichloromethane.At last,the liquid of skin was hydrolyed by the method of acid treatment to get the collagen protein.The best optimization condition of hydrolyzed is as follows: the ultrasonic time is 2h,the ratio of hydrochloride is 10%,the temprature is 30℃,the liquid ratio is 1∶3.5,a good spiral structure with the single-factor experiment is obtained.


LATS and TSH are chemically different thyroid-stimulating agents. To compare their early actions, we examined the effects in mice of LATS and TSH upon 2 thyroidal reresponses related to hormone secretion, namely, intracellular appearance of colloid droplets and release into the blood of preformed colloidstored radioiodine. Intracellular colloid droplets were induced by LATS in a manner qualitatively indistinguishable from the effect of TSH, but with a longer latency. In mice injected with 0.5 mU of TSH, a marked increase in the number of colloid droplets was observed in 10 min and a maximum was reached in 30 min. A dose of LATS which was chosen to match 0.5 mU of TSH in its radioiodine-releasing effect (at 2 hr) caused no increase in colloid droplets in 10 min, a small but significant increase in 30 min, and a maximal increase in 2 hr. When 16 times as much LATS was injected and shorter time intervals were examined, there was a slight increase in colloid droplets at 10 min, but the shape of the time-respo...


The ever-growing capabilities of computers have enabled pursuing Computer Vision through Machine Learning (i.e., MLCV). ML tools require large amounts of information to learn from (ML datasets). These are costly to produce but have received reduced attention regarding standardization. This prevents the cooperative production and exploitation of these resources, impedes countless synergies, and hinders ML research. No global view exists of the MLCV dataset tissue. Acquiring it is fundamental to enable standardization. We provide an extensive survey of the evolution and current state of MLCV datasets (1994 to 2019) for a set of specific CV areas as well as a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the results. Data were gathered from online scientific databases (e.g., Google Scholar, CiteSeerX). We reveal the heterogeneous plethora that comprises the MLCV dataset tissue; their continuous growth in volume and complexity; the specificities of the evolution of their media and metadata components regarding a range of aspects; and that MLCV progress requires the construction of a global standardized (structuring, manipulating, and sharing) MLCV "library". Accordingly, we formulate a novel interpretation of this dataset collective as a global tissue of synthetic cognitive visual memories and define the immediately necessary steps to advance its standardization and integration.


Aim: Autoantibodies to ribosomal P proteins are highly specific for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). An immunodominant epitope common to the P0, P1 and P2 proteins has been mapped to the carboxy-terminal 11 amino acids (C11). The aim of the present study was to determine the clonality and variable (V) region usage of the humoral response against this clinically important determinant by direct spectrometry-based autoantibody sequencing. Methods: Affinity-purified anti-C11 IgGs were prepared from ELISA plates coated with a 4-branched C11 MAP peptide. Monospecificity was confirmed by immunoblot. De novo sequencing of anti-C11 V regions was carried out by high mass accuracy, high resolution orbitrap mass spectrometry. VH and VL assignments were determined by combined IMGT and the Uniprot databases. Results: The humoral anti-C11 response comprised an IgG1 kappa (K) public clonotypic autoantibody specified by a unique VH1-/VK1- chain pairing, which was further characterised by extensive V-region somatic mutations in both H and L chains. Discussion: The presence of a public clonotypic autoantibody against an immunodominant determinant on a key lupus autoantigen provides a rare example of a forbidden clone in human systemic autoimmunity. The V-region molecular signatures, performed here for the first time by mass spectrometric sequencing of purified autoantibody, can be used to track the fate of this pathogenic autoantibody species in longitudinal patient samples.


Partial discharges (PD) measurements provide an estimation of the severity of the insulation degradation; additionally, it is used as a unit of standardization. Up to now, only the IEC 62478 briefly mentions partial discharge measurements using electromagnetic sensors in gas-insulated substations (GIS). The IEC60270 standard provides a method for PD charge measurement when the test object approximates to a lumped element; PD in SF6 are in the range of nanosecond, and given the GIS length, it behaves as a transmission line. This work compares different sensors (commercially available and developed by the authors) used for measuring PD charge magnitude in GIS. The sensors' sensitivity, time resolution, and charge estimation accuracy are tested in a full-scale 420 kV GIS. A nanosecond rise time pulse was connected to the GIS through a transition cone to provide a good PD representation. The pulse was measured by electric and magnetic sensors installed in mounting holes located in different sections of the GIS, and a directional coupler was used as a reference to the injected pulse. This work demonstrates that the charge magnitude can be extracted using different sensors, harmonizing the reading from different measuring systems. The results show the possibility of a standardized method for on-line PD measurements and routine and after-installation tests.


We propose iterative algorithms to solve adversarial problems in a variety of supervised learning settings of interest. Our algorithms, which can be interpreted as suitable ascent-descent dynamics in Wasserstein spaces, take the form of a system of interacting particles. These interacting particle dynamics are shown to converge toward appropriate mean-field limit equations in certain large number of particles regimes. In turn, we prove that, under certain regularity assumptions, these mean-field equations converge, in the large time limit, toward approximate Nash equilibria of the original adversarial learning problems. We present results for nonconvex-nonconcave settings, as well as for nonconvex-concave ones. Numerical experiments illustrate our results.


The method to define strain characteristics of soil under dynamic loading is proposed based on the results of experiments on dynamic compression of soils on the device for dynamic loading in laboratory conditions; the method allows solving wave problems with the statement similar to the statement of experiments. Using the proposed method, the modulus of dynamic and static compression, the modulus of unloading, the coefficient of viscosity of loess soil in the range of seismic loads are determined in accordance with elastic-visco-plastic model of soil developed by G.M.Lyakhov.


The mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins; MPB) infestation has altered forests of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud. var. latifolia Engelm.) to an unprecedented extent in British Columbia. After an MPB outbreak, advance regeneration significantly contributed to form a new canopy and stand; however, the time needed to form a new stand depends on site-specific conditions. Assessment of regeneration and the growth of residual trees in stands after MPB attack are critical for three purposes: (1) forecasting long-term development (yield) of attacked stands; (2) selecting stands for growth-improving silvicultural treatments; and (3) forecasting impacts to ecological attributes such as hydrology, habitat, and vegetation types. This article reviews and synthesizes recent research concerning lodgepole pine stand performance after MPB attack in British Columbia. Species composition, abundance, spatial distribution, and overall stand health are described. This information is important for forest managers or practitioners who make decisions regarding management of MPB-attacked stands. Moreover, a number of key gaps exist in our knowledge about factors affecting advance regeneration and the residual trees of MPB-attacked stands. This article presents a list of knowledge gaps for management information and further research initiatives.


Many factors are associated with mathematics learning outcomes. Numerical ability, mathematical connections ability and classmates learning interactions were related to student learning outcomes. Therefore, this study aimed to determine whether there is a relationship between the numerical ability, mathematical connections ability, and classmates learning interactions with math learning outcomes of students class XI IPA in even semester of SMAN 2 Banguntapan in Academic Year 2015/2016. The population in this study were students of class XI IPA at SMAN 2 Banguntapan Bantul in Academic Year 2015/2016 consisting of four classes, are class XI IPA 1, XI IPA 2 IPA 3 XI, and XI IPA 4 by the total of students by 100 students. Class XI IPA 3 was selected as a sample class using random sampling techniques, consisting of 27 students. Data collection techniques are done with the test method to determine the numerical ability, mathematical connections ability, and mathematics learning outcomes, the questionnaire method to determine the classmates learning interactions. To test instruments using validity, reliability and power difference. After the data collected, analyze prerequisite tests including normality test, independence, and linearity. Data analysis for hypothesis testing using product-moment correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that there is a positive and significant correlation between the numerical ability, mathematical connections ability, and classmates learning interactions with math learning outcomes by 𝐹 𝑐𝑎𝑙 = 3,327 and 𝐹 𝑡𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 = 3,028 , so 𝐹 𝑐𝑎𝑙 > 𝐹 𝑡𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 . Multiple correlation coefficient of the regression equation Y ˆ =29,3747+0,6820 X 1 +0,2357 X 2 -0,3449 X 3. The relative contribution of variable X 1 by 70.2356%, of the variable X 2 by 11.6737% and of the variable X 3 by 18.0907%. The coefficient of multiple determination by 0.3026 with the effective contribution of variable X 1 by 21.25667%, of variable X 2 by 3.53303% and of the variable X 3 by 5.47512%.


SUMMARY Voltage instability is widely recognized as a significant threat of power system blackout. As far as real-time operation is concerned, there is a need for appropriate tools to identify dangerous contingencies and assess security margins. The Hellenic Interconnected System presents a structural geographical imbalance between the main generation site and the main load center. This imbalance leads to bulk power transfers over long distances leading to voltage stability problems in areas of the southern system during heavy load conditions. In order to improve the operational practices, a realtime Voltage Security Assessment (VSA) tool has been installed at the National Control Center of the Hellenic Transmission System Operator (HTSO). The scope of VSA is the analysis of the impact of significant contingencies and the determination of security margins in terms of power transfers or power consumption in load areas. The computations performed within the VSA tool are based on a Quasi-Steady-State simulation, a fast time-domain method well suited to the analysis of long-term voltage stability phenomena. VSA is performed on the current system state, provided by the Energy Management System (EMS) state estimator. The VSA application incorporates functions for filtering the contingencies, determining secure operation limits, and deriving post-contingency PV curves for the identified dangerous contingencies. This paper is a description of the experience and the added value gained by the application of the real-time VSA, in parallel with the existing EMS, at the control center of HTSO.


When asked to review the third edition of Dr. avid Brown's Atlas of Regional Anesthesia, I was leased to be chosen. As a student and teacher of egional anesthesia, I have recommended the preious editions of this book as the best choice for a ovice who wants a practical approach to the "how o's" for any given block. It is also the best starting oint for experienced staff who want to refresh or xpand their technical portfolio for regional aneshesia. Improving something that is excellent is difcult, and one of the golden rules of anesthesiology s "the enemy of good is better." Dr. Brown demnstrates with this work that even the best rule has xceptions. The excellence of the previous editions remains ndiminished. The artwork is aesthetically pleasing nd presented in the text in an ergonomically conenient manner for readers planning to use the text nd illustrations in tandem. The vast majority of the llustrations have a practical value, with minimal edundancy. Most important, the eyes of the artist ere obviously guided by the hands of an expert in he use of regional anesthesia for surgery and the elief of pain. The illustrations reflect the experince of the author in getting the block done and, erhaps more important, communicating this skill o a novice who has never even seen the block one. The text is carefully created to serve the urpose of an atlas—to get the block done. It resists he temptation to teach comprehensively, leaving hat to other definitive references, such as Dr. rown's own textbook. Indications for blocks and hoice of local anesthetics are presented concisely n the practical manner that is the hallmark of this ext. Many students of regional anesthesia who have ecome teachers have adopted Dr. Brown's "three 's"—patient selection, pharmacologic choices, and earls—as a means of presenting blocks to novices. his approach is consistently followed throughout the tlas. In contrast with others, Dr. Brown does not esitate to offer his expert opinion about how to do hings, even in the few instances where other experts isagree. Dr. Brown does not digress into these deates, which would detract from the purpose of this tlas. o


Field experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of time of planting (July 14, August 11 and September 8) and varying nitrogen levels (0, 80 and 160 N/ha) on infestation of rice by African rice gall midge and grain yield. The experiments were conducted at West African Rice Development Association (WARDA) research farm at Ogidiga near Abakaliki during the wet seasons of 2002 and 2003 farming seasons. The rice variety used for the experiments was ITA 306. Percentage infestations of rice by African rice gall midge were significantly highest on rice planted on July 14. Percentage infestations by African rice gall midge also significantly increased with the increasing levels of nitrogen up to 160 kg N/ha irrespective of time of planting. Results show that grain yields were highest on rice planted on August 14 for both seasons. However, the response of grain yield to nitrogen was optimum at 80 kg N/ha. Further increase in nitrogen did not cause any significant different in grain yield for both seasons. Keywords : Time of planting, Nitrogen levels, Infestation, Rice, African Rice Gall Midge Journal of Technology and Education in Nigeria Vol. 10 (1) 2005: pp. 39-45


Animal studies have reported dietary salt‐induced reductions in vascular function without an increase in blood pressure (BP). The purpose of this study was to determine if acute dietary salt loading impairs cutaneous microvascular function in normotensive adults with salt‐resistant BP. Following a control run‐in diet, 10 normotensive salt‐resistant subjects (31±3 yr) were randomized to a 7 day high salt (HS; 350 mmol/day) and 7 day low salt (LS; 20 mmol/day) diet (controlled feeding study). Salt‐resistant BP was defined as a change in 24‐hour mean BP of ≤ 5 mmHg from the LS to the HS diet. On the last day of each diet, subjects were instrumented with three microdialysis fibers for the local delivery of Ringer's solution (R), 10 mM L‐NAME, and 20 mM ascorbic acid (AA). Laser Doppler flowmetry was used to measure red blood cell flux during local heating (42□). All data were expressed as a percentage of the maximum cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC) at each site (28 mM SNP; 43□). The plateau %CVCmax was reduced during HS (LS 93±1 v. HS 80±2, P<0.05), as was the nitric oxide (NO) contribution to the plateau (LS 55±5 v. HS 46±3, P=0.075). During HS, AA improved the plateau %CVCmax (R 80±2 v. AA 89±3, P<0.05) and restored the NO contribution (R 46±3 v. AA 60±7, P<0.05). These data suggest that acute dietary salt loading impairs cutaneous microvascular function in normotensive salt‐resistant adults and indicate a role for oxidative stress.


ABSTRACT This case study examines how three science teachers in a secondary school attended to the language demands of science through oral interactions in classes of multilingual students with diverse English proficiencies. It specifically unpacks the intricate role of language in science education, where teachers must address disciplinary-specific language demands as well as build academic language, within a policy environment that stresses English as medium-of-instruction for science education. Thirty-nine video recordings, comprising three full sets of lessons on the topic Human Circulatory System, were analysed. Instances of whole-class discussion during which an aspect of language (e.g. form, meaning or type) was addressed were the focus of analysis. The analysis shows some common features of language support across teachers, especially in terms of teaching scientific terminology, as well as features that provided additional support from one teacher. These features included unpacking the language demands of science beyond discrete terminology and use of students' language. The article highlights interactions which can contribute to student opportunities for meaning-making in science.


9 In the paper a mathematical method, originated from studies of nonlinear partial differential equations, is applied to the He approximation of outer electron chemical bonds. The results can be used in the study of large molecules like RNA and proteins. We follow a pairwise atom by atom coordinates approximation. Coordinates can be obtained from crystallography or electron microscopy. The present paper solely presents the proof of concept of the existence of an algorithm. It is expected that such algorithm can be employed in studies of larger molecules.


A historical view of the socialism with Chinese characteristics calls for a profound study of DENG Xiao-ping's theory,which for the first time in history solves many issues such as how to build socialism,how to consolidate and develop socialism and brings Marxism into a new realm.


Data were collected from a sample of 270 college students with the Working Motivation Inventory(WMI) and General and Domain-Special Self-Efficacy Scale.Firstly WMI was revised and its reliability and validity were tested;then the relationship of self-efficacy and learning motivation was examined.The results showed:(1) the revised WMI had a good construct validity and reliability;(2) there were gender differences on challenge and depending on others' evaluation: the males challenged more difficulties than the females,and the females more depended on others' evaluation than the males;(3) both general and domain-special self-efficacy positively correlated with intrinsic motivation,challenge and enjoyment;negatively correlated with selection of simple task.


The odd-even staggering of the differential radii of Fr and Ra and the Cs and Ba nuclei is compared. This staggering is inverted in the region of known octupole deformation in the Fr and Ra nuclei. The normal staggering is eliminated in the Cs nuclei and attenuated in the Ba nuclei for neutron numbers 85--88. This fact is used to suggest the possible existence of octupole deformation and its neutron number range in the Cs and Ba nuclear ground states.


The article examines the popularity of marmalade products in Russia and the desire of the population to a healthy diet. The results of research of new types of marmalade as a functional source of minerals and soluble dietary fibers are presented


The aim of this study was to verify the influence of the apparent molecular size of aquatic humic substances on the effectiveness of coagulation with ferric chloride. Coagulation-filtration tests using jar test and bench-scale sand filters were carried out on samples of water with true color of approximately 100 Hazen units, prepared with aquatic humic substances of different molecular sizes (F1: < 0.45 µm, F2: 100 kDa - 0.45 µm, F3: 30 - 100 kDa and F4': < 30 kDa). For the water samples with lower apparent molecular size fractions, greater dosages of coagulant was needed to remove the color around 5.0 Hanzen units, mainly because these water samples contain higher concentrations of fulvic acids, which exhibited a larger number of negatively-charged groups.


Objective To investigate the clinical application and the short-term effect of stereotactic radiotherapy in the patients with adrenal metastasis.Methods Forty-three patients with adrenal metastasis were treated with the stereotactic R-ray radiotherapy system.The radiotherapeutic planning and setting of dosage distribution were worked out on the basis of the carcinoma location,clinical target volume,therapeutic aim and health conditions of patients.The tumor volumes were 7-1362 cm3,the isodosge curve were 50%~80%,and the fractional doses were 400~600 cGy.The therapy was repeated 6~9 times for each patient,once in alternative days.Results In 28 patients with dorsoventral pain,3 months after treatment the symptom disappeared completely in 16 patients(57.1%),partial remittance in 10(35.7%),and no change in 2(7.1%) with a remission rate of 92.9%.In forty-three patients with 53 metastatic lesions,the tumor disappeared in 17 patients(32.1%),reduced in 27(50.9%),unchanged in 7(13.2%),and increased in 2(3.8%) with a response rate of 96.2%.Conclusion The clinical results of stereotactic radiotherapy for adrenal gland metastasis are definitive with mild side effect.


The attention is paid to the Constitution of Austrian state which guaranteed equal rights in education and public life to all people of the Monarchy. The attempts of "Main Ruska Council" to introduce Ruska language in school are shown. Certain appeals of the society concerning Ruska language learning in schools of Western Galychyna are presented. The attention is paid to the Austrian government reaction to such attempts of Galychyna intellectuals


The paper uses Ordinary Least Squares(OLS),Bivariate Vector Autoregressive(B-VAR),Error Correction Mechanism(ECM) and Bivariate Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity(B-GARCH) models to analyze the hedge ratio of China's cotton futures market,and studies the hedging function of China's cotton futures market with hedging performance index.The results indicate that hedge ratio and hedging performance of OLS and B-VAR models are better than those of ECM and B-GARCH models taking cointegration into account.In general,the hedging performance is shown more efficiently with the hedging period being prolonged.


Protecting the environment by saving energy and thus reducing carbon dioxide is one of today's hottest topics and is of a rapidly growing importance in the computing domain. In addition, to ecological reasons here issues such as the up-time of mobile or embedded devices, battery charge cycles etc. are key problems. Recent studies have shown that software has a major impact onto the energy consumption of the device it is executed on. Thus, intelligent selection and assembly of software components promises significant savings. However, this requires knowledge about how much energy a (software) component consumes. In other words, a classification scheme following the idea of the European Union energy label is required. This paper discusses recent findings and first ideas of establishing an energy classification scheme for software, using the 'bigO' notation as its general metaphor. The scheme is motivated, introduced and validated by using resource substitution strategies, as one means for optimizing energy consumption via software adaptation. We demonstrate that the classification scheme can be used to characterize the fitness of a strategy and/or algorithm. Furthermore, we discuss to use such energy labels/classes when estimating the energy consumption of systems assembled from different components.


Soybean Mosaic Virus(SMV) is one of the most serious diseases in soybean production all over the world.Different SMV cultivars show different pathogenicity,and resistance of the soybean breeding to SMV cultivars show significant diversity.Total 237 soybean cultivars were identified for resistance to SMV by inoculation with SMV3 and SC7.The results showed that 3 materials were highly resistant to SMV3,5 were highly resistant to SC7.The resistant materials were mainly from Hebei,Shandong and Beijing.In wild soybeans,4 materials were highly resistant to SMV3,2 of them were highly resistant to SC7.The resistant materials were mainly from Shanxi,Gansu,Henan and Hebei.


India is of the world's largest republic in the world with a population of nearly 1.25billion. As an independent group, women constitute 48% of the total population of India. And alsoconstitute valuable human resource of the country. Higher and Technical education of girls in Indiaplays a significant role in improving living standards and prosperity of the country. But, presentlywe are facing an unequal ratio of girl's enrollment in higher technical education. Persistence ofgender gap in education is the most bulging characteristics of Indian education structure. In highertechnical education, this gender disparity has intensified several times due to so many factors. It isrenowned that women are still considered as pioneer gender in Indian society. During their highereducation females face many complications and challenges in their families, society as well as incolleges. Sometimes these problems may result in discontinuation of women's higher education. Itis therefore a requirement that these problems should be discussed and controlled to increase thecontribution of women in higher education as well as higher technical education. In this paper, weevaluated the consent of the students of engineering college for the factors behind the unequal ratioof girls and boys in


A control method to form relative fly-orbit directly under finite thrust while the chaser was arriving at the vicinity of the target was put forward in this paper.Based on the modified equinoctial elements,the control problem was converted into a classical optimal control by variation.The terminal dynamic constraints were derived from relative dynamics,which was solved by the nonlinear programming.The model was established.The theoretical analysis and simulation results showed that this method was feasible.But to reduce the error caused by the disturbance,the guidance law during the forming of the relative flying should be studied.


Worldwide, diabetic nephropathy (DN) persists as a major complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), affecting approximately one-third of DM patients [1]. DN is characterized by development of progressive glomerulosclerotic and tubulointerstitial kidney lesions gradually leading to an increasing loss of functioning kidney parenchyma [2]. As therapeutic intervention is frequently insufficient to prevent development of DN and its progression to end-stage renal 1695


The corrosion detection technology based on wave propagation method for bottom plate of oil tank was studied.Using an array of PZT wafers affixed to tank bottom plate,some wafers acted as elastic wave generators,others receive the structural response information,then location the corrosion by this information.It will provide a new technical which can detect the corrosion in oil tank bottom plate rapidly,and this technology would lay a solid technical foundation for the health monitoring system of tank bottom plate.


Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have an excess risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), including stroke [1]. After the introduction of biological DMARDs in 1999 and the treat to target strategy, more patients reach low disease activity and remission, which is associated with lower CVD risk [2]. Few previous studies have examined stroke occurrence in RA patients before and after these improvements in RA management.To investigate stroke events in RA patients diagnosed before and after 1999 compared with the total population.We included 771 RA patients diagnosed during 1972-1998 and 1050 during 1999-2013 at the main rheumatological department of Hordaland county, Norway. The total population of the same county and time period were used as a comparison cohort. Data on stroke events were obtained from regional cardiovascular registries or hospital patient administrative systems during 1972-2014. Aggregated counts of stroke events and population counts from the comparison cohort were used to estimate expected counts of stroke hospitalisation in the RA cohort per 5-year age group, sex and calendar year. We then estimated standardised event ratios (SERs) by Poisson regression as a measure of excess stroke events in RA patients compared with the total population.In total, 152 stroke events occurred in 112 RA patients diagnosed during 1972-1998 over 15137 person-years of follow-up and 86 stroke events in 70 RA patients diagnosed during 1999-2013 over 8672 person-years of follow-up. RA patients diagnosed in the later period were on average 2.1 years older (56 years) at RA diagnosis, but the proportion of women was similar in both groups.Both RA patients diagnosed before and after 1998 had an excess of stroke events compared with the total population (SER 1.20, 95% CI 1.00-1.44 and SER 1.22, 95% CI 1.05-1.42 respectively). RA patients younger than 60 years of age did not appear to have significant excess stroke events in either group.These results indicate a similar excess of stroke events in RA patients diagnosed before and after 1999. This warrants continued awareness regarding stroke prevention in RA patients, even after the recent improvements in RA treatment.[1]Wiseman SJ, Ralston SH, Wardlaw JM. Cerebrovascular Disease in Rheumatic Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Stroke 2016;47:943–50.[2]Myasoedova E, Chandran A, Ilhan B, et al. The role of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) flare and cumulative burden of RA severity in the risk of cardiovascular disease. Ann Rheum Dis 2016;75:560–5.Figure 1.Standardised event ratios (SER) comparing stroke events in RA patients with the total population of Hordaland, Norway, given with 95% robust confidence intervals. Seperate estimates were calculated for the entire RA cohort and 6 RA subcohorts defined by age, sex, positive rheumatoid factor or ACPA and arthritis on x-ray during follow-up. ACPA, anti-citrullinated protein antibodies; ACR, American College of Rheumatology; EULAR, European League against Rheumatism; RA, rheumatoid arthritis; RF, rheumatoid factor.This work was funded by the Western Norway Regional Health Authority, Marit Hansen's Memorial fund and Aslaug Andersen's Memorial fund.Christian Lillebø Alsing: None declared, Jannicke Igland: None declared, Grethe S. Tell: None declared, Halvor Næss Speakers bureau: Pfizer, BMS, Tone Wikene Nystad: None declared, Bjørg Tilde Svanes Fevang Speakers bureau: Part of discussion board at UCB conference on spondyloarthritis, Consultant of: Part of advisory board Lilly


The research project introduces an efficient HMI-based digitally controlled electric bike hardware model. Thesystem is designed using power electronics and LCD touch control. A low-cost model with regenerative features increases the acceptance of electric vehicles in Pakistan. The country is facing grave environmental issues and the transport sector has a major role in polluting the environment. Technology also promotes the environment-friendly electric vehicles Industry and reduces the growing pollution problem of the country. Economical transport with feasible milage is an essential need of the current time. Research provides the effective Electric-bike with digital security and improved mileage. A Six-Step DC/AC power converter drives the low consumption BLDC motor. The project analyzed the real-time performance of the electric vehicle on HMI. A regenerative braking system generates power while reducing the speed of a moving electric bike. The modeling andsimulation are performed using Proteus/Multisim simulating software. Results are verified using a hardware test model. The results will be helpful for design commercial advance HMI-based electric bikes in terms of motor requirement, machine behaviour, charging/discharging analysis at a different speed and torque, charging the battery while driving, and their limitations.


Photovoltaic (PV) and wind-based intermittent dis-tributed energy resources have a negative impact on the quality of the power supply of the DC microgrid-oriented electric vehicle charging station, resulting in numerous control issues. The DC link voltage of the DC microgrid can be automatically balanced and monitored by properly coordinating the operation of each energy source and storage device. In this paper, the converter controller parameters of the individual subsystems of the DC microgrid (i.e., wind, PV system, battery, fuel cell, and electrolyzer) are designed using the state-space transfer function tool to solve system complexity and handle the intermittent nature of renewable energy. Firefly algorithm combined with particle swarm optimization (FA-PSO) is used to design the DC microgrid controller to reduce/mitigate DC voltage fluctuations. The ability of the proposed control strategy to withstand changes in solar in-solation, wind speed, and load perturbation is evaluated. For the DC microgrid controller design, TS-fuzzy, gray wolf optimization (GWO), and an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system assisted by particle swarm optimization (ANFIS-PSO) controllers are all compared and validated through hardware implementation. The results show that the proposed FA - PSO controller outperforms the other control strategies in terms of performance.


Many commonplace stories, including the authors and those they have heard, substantiate a critical and undeniable truth: marginalized and underrepresented students' development through the science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) pipeline is centered on race and gender and is impacted by (un)intentional and (in)formal interactions with other variables. A noticeable issue in STEM and gifted education is the poor presence of Black girls. We contend that for females, the disconnect between grades, class performance, and interest is all too familiar. This is true even if they are gifted, and especially for Black girls. This article is written with the resolve to address the underpinning complexity of contemporary challenges of underrepresentation of gifted Black girls in STEM, which are rooted in intersectional issues of race and sex discrimination. We address barriers and offer recommendations for change, mostly grounded in relevant theories.


During the early 1990s, emergence of patients' suicide receiving antidepressant, especially in children was reported [1]. By enter into this millennium, the US and European regulatory agencies began implementing verification programs to assess the influence on suicidal behavior from the use of antidepressants such as SSRIs [2-4], drug's safety in patients has renewed as a criteria indispensable for approving or withdrawing a new drug. Just following this dilemma, we hypothesized that human's genetic makeup might affect the occurrence of suicide in patients receiving antidepressants [5]. Now many reports support the argument that human's genetic makeup also decides antidepressant-induced suicide [6,7]. The question is how to pinpoint genetic involvement in antidepressant-induced suicide. There are many controversial in solving this technical problem.


Benefits of Remote Access Laboratory technology have been widely acknowledged in engineering education literature. This paper introduces a cross disciplinary project involving academic from the Faculty of Engineering & Surveying and the Faculty of Education and demonstrates how the benefit of remote access technologies can be extended to other non engineering disciplines. Remote access technology was employed in a workshop for primary school children called Robot RAL-ly. The participants designed a racing course for remote-control robots, and then moved to a different room to manoeuvre the robots through other teams" courses using the RAL technology. At the end of the workshop, the children participated in a co-constructed focus group discussion. The key focus of this paper is to describe the Robot RAL-ly initiative from a multi-disciplinary perspective and highlight positive outcomes for both disciplines. The project demonstrates that cross disciplinary projects benefit all parties. Engaging primary school children with Engineering topics not only provides valuable insights for engineering education but also helps to make engineering more accessible to potential future students.


Recipe and-the component control module (RACCM) is provided. RACCM is a server that performs data management in a plasma processing system having a plurality of components. RACCM includes a plurality of intelligent agents. Each intelligent agent of the plurality of intelligent agent is configured to interact with each component of the plurality of components. RACCM further includes adjusting agent configured to receive the processed data from a plurality of intelligent agents. RACCM, intelligent agent, a plasma processing system, components, recipe, adjusting agents