This article focuses on the UC San Diego Edom Lowlands Regional Archaeology Project's (ELRAP) development of a Structure from Motion-Based 3D field recording project. It includes a brief discussion of the relative advantages and disadvantages of this technique over other three-dimensional recording systems. The article also describes in detail the equipment and techniques used to collect the data needed to create 3D models of excavation units and sites to help other researchers interested in applying this methodology. We outline the workflow of processing data into 3D datasets and GIS-compatible georeferenced 2D datasets. Finally, there is a discussion of the practicality of adopting this technology for archaeological purposes.


The Classical Review vol. 62 no. 2 © The Classical Association 2012; all rights reserved one individual? What would drive such an individual, and why would others trust or follow him? Was he like others of his time and place? Some discussion of the bigger questions would go a long way towards making this biography engrossing and giving it a sense of purpose. The book's real contribution relies on a gap in the recent scholarship, but it neither questions nor answers why we need a new biography of Alcibiades. What has changed in the scholarship, sources or interpretations? What is the meaning and signifi cance of Alcibiades and his life and career? What is it about him that so captivates us? For readers energised by the meaning of history and looking to understand and engage with ancient lives and times, this is not the book to use; it should, however, be consulted by those who want a detailed and well-researched narrative account of what happened in the course of Alcibiades' life and career.


SOCIS research scenario is that of scene of crime investigation where, typically, many hundreds of items must be photographed and gathered at each site. Currently these items are described in handwriting by a Scene of Crime officer (SOCO) whose words are later entered into a computer data base. The inefficiency of this procedure is obvious: it fails to link the spoken and the written descriptions to the images in a reliable way.


Michel Foucault's notion of the author function provides a way of describing the practice of attributing works and groups of works to a sole author figure rather than to the co-authors, amanuenses, editors, commentary writers, translators, publishers, and print workers who may in reality have contributed to it. The 'author' is at least to an extent an imaginary construction, to which various powers, intentions, characteristics are attributed by readers. Foucault does not mention another tendency: the attribution of agency in the production of works not to individual authors but to families. This family function, while less widespread than the author function, operated in combination with it or else as an alternative to it. The two functions were not symmetrical. The family function did not on the whole stipulate that a work was 'by Family X' but drew attention to the ways in which the work had emerged from within a family.


cast doubts on the authenticity of a manuscript horoscope for the marriage of the 15-year-old princess Leonore, accepted by Zinner as the hand of the precocious l Syear-old Regiomontanus. It is the most controversial item in the collection, and the only manuscript. It would have been nice to have had an indubitable piece from Regiomontanus's hand, such as a few selected pages from his Vienna notebook, Vienna 5203. This volume would have been vastly more interesting to scholars if it had also contained a facsimile of another Regiomontanus manuscript, Venice Marciana 328, the presentation manuscript to Cardinal Bessarion of the Epitome; the printed edition of this work (reprinted in this collection) is notoriously error-ridden, as was early recognized. Erasmus Reinhold's marginalia in his printed copy, now in the Paris Observatory library, is a case in point. Considering Regiomontanus's role as an early printer, it is a pity that the collection does not include his 1474 Calendarium, the first printed book to contain a movable volvelle. It is also a shame that the interesting piece of Regiomontanus printing, the Disputationes contra Cremonensia, is unnecessarily (and probably unwittingly) reproduced here at a greatly reduced scale. The collection contains Regiomontanus's fascinating printing prospectus; the introduction makes no mention of the fact that Erhard Ratdolt, probably an apprentice of Regiomontanus, later produced many of the proposed editions in Venice. To prepare a convenient set of Regiomontanus facsimiles was basically a fine idea. It is far handier and potentially cheaper to have a nicely bound volume, complete with bibliographical references, than a messy stack of xeroxes. Unfortunately the price of this collection is worse than lamentable, simply placing it beyond the reach of the great majority of scholars, and most libraries as well.


Bersama engleriana Guerke (Melianthaceae ) is the synonym of the Bersama abyssinica. Bark, leaf and root decoctions are widely taken as a purgative to treat a range of stomach disorders, such as abdominal pain, colic, diarrhea, cholera, intes tinal worms, amoebiasis and dysentery. This p lant mainly contains mangiferin, swinniol, Δ4 - stigmaster - 3b - ol, 4 - methylstigmaster - 5, 23 - dien - 3 - b - ol, sterols, flavones, phenols, triterpenes, anthraquinones, Hellebrigenin 3 - acetate, hellebrigenin 3, 5 - diacetat e and bersaldegenin 1, 3, 5 - orthoacetate. Bersama engleriana shows hypoglycemic, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antitumor, anti HIV activities. This review explains various traditional uses as well as phytochemical and pharmacological reports on Bersama engle riana which help th e researcher to explode more potential of this plant .


This chapter presents the hetrodox theory of Islamic finance in regard to the theme of corporate governance in the light of the particular Islamic epistemological premise. A vast social implication of corporate governance is opened by its epistemological inquiry comprehending integrated decision making and systemic complementarities expending across society at large. Thereby, a socio-financial theory of corporate governance in the epistemological context is elaborated upon. This is a path-breaking chapter premised on its epistemological approach of unity of knowledge and learning systems as a distinct contribution to the theory of corporate governance in the field of ethical socio-financial perspective.


Palm oil fly ash (POFA) is the industrial waste which may causes environment problems such as groundwater contamination and spills of bulk storage. Referred to its chemical compositions and oxide percent content, POFA has high potential to be used as a pigment in paint manufacturing process. The utilizes of POFA as a main material in pigment producing is able to reduce the environment problems that occurred, also can produce more cheaper paint and turn the problems into benefits that useful to others. So that, a comprehensive study are planned in order to complete this investigation successive achieved the optimum preparation of POFA as a pigment also optimum composition in paint mixing. Start with pigment preparation, four samples are produced with certain mixing ratio and characterization of pigment is done by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis. Then, paint mixing was prepared by using the pigment that produced from POFA also by added with certain ratio of other components that normally used in paint manufacturing which is binder, solvent and additive. The optimum composition of paint, the ratio is pigment with 27 wt%, binder with 40 wt%, solvent with 27 wt% and additive with 6 wt%. The paint mixing is done with 45 μm of pigment size and the stir machine speed with 750 rpm for 60 minutes of mixing period


In this paper,based on the data from seven representative weather stations in Altay Prefecture from1961 to 2012,the daily minimum air temperature data were studied by using trend coefficient,Morlet wavelet transformation and correlation analysis. Thus,the variation of cold wave was analyzed. It is found that the cold wave frequency was about tw o times of the number of strong cold wave. The monthly variation of cold waves had a unimodal type,concentrating in betw een November and the next February,but less occurring in betw een September and May. In the last 52 years,the numbers of cold wave and strong cold wave have decreased slightly. The anomaly series of cold wave shows multi-time scale structure and appears decadal variation.Correlation analysis demonstrates that there is significant correlation betw een cold wave duration and the characteristic quantity of atmospheric circulation in Altay Prefecture.


The use of a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera together with a Fabry-Perot etalon (FP) to measure neutral winds in the thermosphere using 630 nm airglow has been proposed by Hays [1990]. In principle, the same technique is used for lidar winds with the sole difference being that a lidar provides its own light source, whereas airglow relies on a naturally occurring emission in the atmosphere. Hays [1990] showed that a CCD array detector attached to an etalon has more than an order of magnitude higher sensitivity than a photomultiplier tube (PMT). Particular advantages of using a CCD are: (1) It can record the whole fringe pattern at once, thus retaining the photons from multiple rings. (2) Because the FP etalon is not scanned, drifting of the location of the fringe pattern is eliminated. (3) The CCD has higher sensitivity to red light than a PMT. This paper is a report on the usefulness of a CCD array to record the fringes from a Doppler-Rayleigh lidar Fabry-Perot etalon for measuring winds and to compare the obtained results with those obtained using a scanning etalon and a PMT.


Relative problems in the digital management of medical equipment are explored.Study contents include digital hospital and digital medical equipment,main digital management fields of medical equipment,new progress in technique of digital management.It is pointed out that the digital management of medical equipment is an important part of hospital digital construction,which needs discussion and improvement in practice.


With both the EMD and Matlab to deal with the high-frequency data,we can get the timescale and the frequencies.Here,the high-frequency data is denoised based on EMD for obtaining high signal-to-noise ratio,which can offer some references for the prediction of high-frequency data trend.


The discretization of decision table requests that the original classification property of the decision table is invariable.However, when Naive Scaler does discretization, some certain cuts may be neglected and then the information of decision table may be disappeared.So we researched and improved it.When the original algorithm scans the objects which have the same value of condition attributes but the decision attributes different, the different sort of them may makes different discretization.The main reason is that some certain cuts may be neglected and new conflicts introduced.Therefore the value of the objects which had the same value of condition attributes is examined.If it had different values, we supplemented cuts in here to eliminate its possibility.Then the candidate cut set is more reliable.The illustration results indicate that the improved algorithm is valid.


Ultrafast scattering of highly energetic carriers in semiconductors is of great interest to both basic research and technological development. Using the technique of two-photon photoemission, instead of the more common ultrafast optical spectroscopy, in this study provides the ability to probe the conduction-band electron distributions in energy, momentum, and time on femtosecond to picosecond time scales. Deeper insight is obtained into the physics underlying hot-electron relaxation in InSb, a model system for semiconductors with a narrow band gap.


In this work, threshold mode structures of two- dimensional (2D) photonic crystal (PC) lasers are presented. The subjects of this paper are flnite photonic crystal structures with circular holes arranged in square and triangular lattices. In each case, both transverse magnetic (TM) and transverse electric (TE) polarization are studied. The analysis is based on the coupled-wave equations and analyzes modes' behavior for the wide range of coupling coe-cient values. The laser mode is characterized by threshold gain and frequency deviation, and these quantities depend on coupling constants, which means that the threshold gain of the mode and the mode's frequency deviation depend on the coupling constants. Presented analysis gives an interesting insight into behavior of the modes in photonic crystal lasers.


Multigrid methods (MG) are known to be optimal solvers for large sparse linear systems arising from the finite element, finite difference or finite volume discretization of a partial differential equation (PDE). Algebraic multigrid methods (AMG) extend this approach to wide a class of problems, e.g. anisotropic operators or unstructured grids. However, the parallelization of AMG, especially the construction of the coarse grids, is a challenging task. In this paper, we present an extension of the coarse grid classification scheme (CGC) for parallel AMG coarsening. Our new approach allows coarsening rates that are (essentially) independent of the number of processors. This consequently means that the presented scheme can coarsen a grid down to a single point independent of the number of processors, i.e. our scheme can be interpreted as an automatic coarse grid agglomeration scheme. The results of our numerical experiments in two and three space dimensions indicate that the presented scheme gives robust coarsening rates independent of the number of processors and provides small operator and grid complexities. Supported by Sonderforschungsbereich 611, Singuläre Phänomene und Skalierung in mathematischen Modellen, supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. Michael Griebel Institut für Numerische Simulation Wegelerstraße 6 D-53115 Bonn Germany E-mail: email@example.com Bram Metsch Institut für Numerische Simulation Wegelerstraße 6 D-53115 Bonn Germany E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com Marc Alexander Schweitzer Institut für Numerische Simulation Wegelerstraße 6 D-53115 Bonn Germany E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com


: The Android application for College Magazine is an android app which is useful for students as well as the college faculty member and other academic staff. A college magazine works done manually. Paper based work is so time consuming. The main objective behind the use of Android App for College Magazine Management System is easy supervision of the Institute .Through our application students can search the college magazine using Android mobile. The department magazine coordinator is authorized to log into Magazine Management System database backend through administrator user id and password and update and create the magazine.


The probability of first‐passage failure affected by nonnormality (or non‐Gaussianity) is investigated through approaches that are more accurate than the commonly used analytical methods. The index used to measure the degree of nonnormality of a random process is the coefficient of excess, which is a normalized fourth‐cumulant function. The techniques are illustrated by consideration of the response nonnormality of a linear secondary system, which is mounted on a nonlinear primary structure subjected to a normally distributed ground acceleration. The nonlinearity considered in the primary structure is bilinear hysteretic yielding. It is shown that first‐passage failure can be significantly affected by the nonnormality in some situations. It is also found that the interaction force of the primary‐secondary system can significantly reduce the nonnormality of secondary response, especially when the frequency of the secondary system is tuned to that of the primary system.


Abstract Single-tuned passive filters are considered one of the most effective and economical means of harmonic mitigation. One important factor to consider while designing passive filters is the source voltage harmonics. This article presents a novel approach based on a particle swarm technique to optimize the design of the single-tuned passive filters for industrial plants in distribution networks. The filter design problem is formulated as a non-linear programming problem, where the main objective is to minimize the load voltage total harmonic distortion, taking into account the source voltage harmonics. The optimal filter parameters are determined using particle swarm optimization with the static penalty constraint handling approach. The particle swarm optimization algorithm performance is tested on ten constrained non-linear programming benchmark cases and a previous filter design problem. Initial results show that single-tuned passive filters can fail to maintain harmonic levels within standard levels in the presence of voltage source harmonics. Thus, a new additional problem formulation is presented to determine the maximum allowable source voltage harmonics beyond which a single-tuned passive filter would fail to maintain voltage and current harmonics within the recommended levels. Simulation results are presented to illustrate the importance of taking into account source voltage harmonics in filter design.


After making the laboratory approximation of small magnetic Reynolds number, the steady, axisymmetric and purely azimuthal velocity profile that in principle can be generated in an incompressible viscous electrically conducting fluid contained in a fixed infinitely long circular cylinder by a magnetic field transverse to the cylinder axis and uniformly rotating with low frequency is subjected to infinitesimal axisymmetric perturbations. The principle of the exchange of stabilities is assumed to hold and the marginal-stability problem becomes a sixth-order eigenvalue problem involving the magnetic Taylor number and the axial wavenumber. An asymptotic analysis, based on the assumption that the magnetic Taylor number is large, and using solutions of the comparison equation d6y/dz6 = zy, is presented in order to obtain first approximations to the neutral-stability curves of the first and second eigenmodes, and compared with the results of direct numerical integration. It is found that at the onset of instability the secondary motions have a multi-cell structure, the motions in the region, near the cylinder wall, of adversely distributed angular momentum driving through weak viscous action the cells in the interior.


The structured illumination microscopy using unknown speckle patterns (blind-speckleSIM) has shown the capacity to surpass the Abbes diffraction barrier [1], giving the possibility to design cheap and versatile SIM devices. However, the state-of-the-art joint reconstruction methods in blind-speckleSIM has a relatively low contrast in super-resolution part in comparison to conventional SIM [1][2] and the hyperparameter in this model is not easy to tune. In this paper, a unified joint reconstruction approach is proposed with the hyperparameter proportional to the noise level. The performance of different regularizations could be evaluated under the same model. Numerical simulations show that the `2,1 regularizer gives more satisfactory results than the previously used regularizer terms in joint reconstruction approach. Moreover, the degradation entailed by out-of-focus light in conventional SIM could be solved easily in blind-speckleSIM setup.


It is proven that the two apparently different approaches in domain decomposition, namely the Schwarz-type overlapping domain algorithms and the Schur complement-type nonoverlapping algorithms, are essentially the same: for any given Schwarz algorithm there corresponds a Schur complement algorithm, with a particular preconditioner, which produces the same iterates on the interfaces. This observation was first made by Bjorstad and Widlund [SIAM J. Sci. Statist. Comput., 10 (1989), pp. 1053–1061], who showed that a result of Chan for Schur complement-type preconditioners [T. F. Chan and D. Resasco, Analysis of domain decomposition preconditioners on irregular regions, in Advances in Computer Methods for Partial Differential Equations,VI, R. Vichnevetsky and R. Stepleman, eds., IMACS,1987, pp. 317–322] can be applied to a related Schwarz-type iteration. This paper gives a different proof using a new characterization of the two algorithms as two different methods for solving the reduced interface problem, whi...


The optical member bonded body producing system includes: a display surface side of the element bonded to a first bonding apparatus of the first optical member wafer larger display area than the optical element is an optical display. Further, the manufacturing system includes a first cut-out region and a second region of the cutting means, the first region is a first bonding apparatus after the bonding, the display region of the optical element opposite the first sheet member to the optical display the second region is a region outside the first region of the first sheet of the optical member.


The relationship between humans and the environment in the modern world is challenging. UNESCO Global Geoparks are current holistic approaches for protecting and managing geographical areas that emphasise local communities and sustainability. This paper attempts to review the grey literature of Greek universities through their academic repositories, regarding the research field referred to as Greek UNESCO Global Geoparks from 2000 to 2022 and using the keyword "Geopark" to determine possible future research directions. Through the systematic literature review methodology, from 138 bibliographic sources, 28 were selected, which met the predefined criteria. In general, there is a growing scientific–academic interest in Geoparks, which mainly concerns the aspects of geotourism (n = 7), geology (n = 6), management (n = 4), and education (n = 4). Future research directions may focus on promoting the socio-economic and cultural aspects of Geoparks, investing in collaborative management and governance of Geoparks, facing climate change and environmental challenges in Geoparks, and enhancing Geoenvironmental Education in Geoparks. Such approaches may serve the United Nation's Seventeen Sustainable Development Goals and cultivate cognitive and emotional bonds between local populations and the geoenvironment.


The services of ecological system are critical to the functioning of the Earth's life-support system and they are (fundamental) for the sustainability of humans in the biosphere. In this paper, the authors evaluated the ecosystem services′ value of the coastal zone in Guangdong and Hainan according to the report on the synthetical investigation on the coastal zone and tideland in Guangdong Province in 1987. The total value estimated of the ecosystem services of the coastal zone in Guangdong and Hainan is 316.97 US$/a, among them the value of the terrestrial ecosystem services and the coastal waters account for 187.38 US$/a and 129.59 US$/a, respectively. This value account for 4.07% of that of the whole country in China. In the nutrient cycling, (water) regulation, recreation and water supply have higher values and account for 6.17%, 3.98%, 3.66%, and 3.37% of that of the (whole) country in China, respectively. This value of 316.97 US$/a is just a lower and conservative evaluation and more efforts (should) be done to accurate this evaluation.


The Pmac 801 intelligent protection controller was introduced.According to several accidents occurred in the power plant,the motor control circuit,which includes low voltage 380V molded case circuit breaker plus contactor with Pmac 801 intelligent protection controller,was analyzed theoretically.Some existing problems were pointed out,and the solving methods were put forward.


Red pine (Pinus resinosa AIT.) was a common tree in the original forests of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. It has not reproduced naturally as well as other native pines and large natural stands are rare today in many sections where the species was once common. Plantations, however, are common. This species is well adapted to plantation culture, has excellent form, comparatively few serious pests and is productive on good sites. For example, one 43-year-old plantation in northern Michigan averaged 2% cords per acre per year, a yield which compares favorably with yields of sub-tropical pines. For these reasons, red pine has been planted extensively throughout its natural range and plantations literally Cover millions of acres.


A new automated AC-DC transfer calibration system based on thin-film multijunction thermal converter as primary standards at low-frequency range 10 Hz to 1 MHz has been designed and developed. Range extension up to 1000 V is achieved using resistive voltage divider. An equally-divided range extension setup which can be self-calibrated under practical working conditions has been proposed and eliminate the need of voltage interpolation.


MANY OBSERVERS have arguedthat the advancedindustrial countriesare undergoinga crisis of democracy.In spiteof the expansionof democracy worldwide (Huntington1991) andincreasedconfidencein this systemof government,someof the establisheddemocraciesin EuropeandNorth America are experiencingdeclinesin both civic participationand confidencein the institutionsof government.In the United Statesa secular trend of decliningconfidencecanbe found in poll data (Dalton 1999) as well as in shiftsof voter turnout over time. In other countriestrendsin confidenceas measuredin polling data are both morevaried andmore difficult to establishbecauseof a lackof reliable time-seriesdata. The mostconvincingandgeneralevidencefor a declinein voter confidencecomesfrom the United States.'Dalton (1999) finds a largeand statisticallysignificant declinein popularconfidencein the institutionsof governmentin the United Statesbetween 1952 and 1994. Although there is some recent evidencethat the decline may have stoppedand perhapsevenreverseditself sincethe early I 990s,othersourcesconfirm this finding. The 1996 Survey of American Political Culture indicated that in 1966,4lpercentof the population had "a greatdeal of confidence"in the presidency;this figure hadfallen to 23 percentin 1976and 13 percentin 1996. For Congressthe figures are 42 percentin 1966, around 15 percentin the 1970s, andonly 5 percentin 1996. Only 32 percentof Americansnow have "a greatdeal" or "quite a lot" of confidencein the federalgovernmentas a whole. Similarly, the Pew Research Centerfor thc Peopleand the Press(1998) reportsthat "just 20 percent of Americansare satisfiedwith the state of the nation and only 34 percent basicallytrust the government." Surveyingdata from varioussources,Dalton (1999) found that confi— dencein governmentin manyotheradvancedindustrialdemocraciesdisplays,if anything,a downwardtrend (seealso Introduction,this volume). Outside of the United States, availablepoii data arc less directly concernedwith confidenceper se, but ratherwith questionssuch as "Do


should, of all people, open their eyes to everything going on in life, and the term ''science'' seemed to Teilhard to be the only one able to carry the weight of a truly wide empiricism. Seeing what goes on in nature, especially its purposeful directionality, requires that true empiricists open their eyes to what Wall translates as the ''withinness'' and Appleton-Weber the ''insideness'' of things. Shouldn't an empirical method, Teilhard is asking, take into account all of the data given to our experience? And among the wide range of data that each of us experiences, why should the experience of ourselves as subjects, as conscious beings, be left out of a richly empirical picture of nature? After all, subjectivity is an objectively real dimension of the world, and this is what allows nature to carry a meaning invisible to ordinary science. So if science professes to be empirical, why does it post a ''no entry'' sign just at those points where the cosmos exposes an interiority to which each of us has immediate access in the experience of ourselves as conscious subjects in a still unfolding world? Ideally, Teilhard assumed, science should consider the full range of experience, leaving nothing out arbitrarily. Were it to restrict its focus only to the ''outside'' of things, an empirical method would remain blind to what is most characteristic of the ''human phenomenon.'' Such inattentiveness distorts not only anthropology but also cosmology. How could true empiricists seriously claim to understand the universe as long as they leave out of their accounts evolution's most impressive achievement: human consciousness and its wondrous planetary unfolding in the form of what Teilhard calls the domain of ''thought''—the ''noosphere''? But does Teilhard's attention to the world's ''insideness'' really deserve to be called science? Probably most readers of the Phenomenon will be reluctant, as I am, to define ''science'' so broadly that it has to take into account the fact of subjectivity, or for that matter any signals of cosmic purpose. Science in the usual sense leaves out any such data, methodologically speaking. But I believe Teilhard is right in calling—in effect—for a wider empiricism that puts our minds and sensibilities in touch with what scientific method deliberately leaves out. To widen our vision in this way, however, requires that we be frank enough to admit that what goes by the name ''science'' is much more limited in its cognitional sweep than many of Teilhard's critics have assumed.


Nanocrystalline PbS films grown by chemical bath at T = 40 ± 2 oC onto glass slides were modified by in situ Co^(2+) -doping and their structural and optical properties were examined. By FT-IR spectra, a sharp stretching mode can be seen at ∼1384 cm^(−1) due to the vibration mode of CO^(2)_(3) ions. XRD patterns shown the growth on the zinc blende crystalline face. The grain size was determined by using X-rays diffractograms and was found at ∼28 nm and ∼13 − 25 nm for undoped and doped samples, respectively. Optical absorption spectra was used for calculating the energy band gap, and displayed a shift in the ∼1.21 − 2.21 eV range, associated with quantum confinement effect. Raman peaks at ∼210, 271, and 451 cm^(−1) , corresponding to a 1LO phonon mode, a two-phonon process, and a 2LO phonon mode respectively were also recorded. The surface and grain size of the films were measured by AFM studies.


This article will mainly illustrate the special sentence patterns containing"Ba"and"Jiang"in Scholars. Moreover, three grammatical usages of "Ba" and "Jiang", as verb, preposition and the transition from verb to preposition, will also be examined in this article.


In this Chapter, the finite element simulations of diffusion processes in homogeneous and polycrystalline materials are presented as well as some analytical solutions and implementations of basic diffusion relations. For the homogeneous materials the presented examples show the changes in time of the concentration of diffusing matter within the semi-infinite system and simulation of anisotropic nature of diffusion processes.The polycrystalline materials have been analysed for three cases, namely influence of average grain size and the homogeneity of grain size on the macroscopic diffusivity as well as simulation of the diffusion strains. The homogenisation technique has been used to estimate the diffusion property of grains aggregates.


This article is devoted to the discovery of long-term cyclic psychophysical pendulum processes in the history of the ethnic groups of the northern hemisphere for the period from about 5500 BC to the 21st century. The discovery was made based on the analysis of related disciplines: DNA genealogy, linguistics, history, mythology, and climatology. And, in particular, my empirical conclusions. The "Theory of wave history " (hereinafter – TWH) is relevant for the study of deep and large-scale processes of history in large periods of time. TWH reveals the cyclical nature of history with a period of approximately 1850 years, in similar phases of which similar or similar psychophysical phenomena occur, which form the general vector of history. On the basis of the TWH, it is possible to resolve issues of white spots of history. TWH is based on the psychophysical feature of a person to create within the current and popular framework of society, because history itself puts its heroes on the lists. This shows its immanence and its worldliness. TWH does not aim to describe history as a collection of accumulated progress, it does not concern the economic and political spheres. TWH is a method of historical research.


Symmetric Searchable Encryption (SSE) allows users to outsource encrypted data to a possibly untrusted remote location while simultaneously being able to perform keyword search directly through the stored ciphertexts. An ideal SSE scheme should reveal no information about the content of the encrypted information nor about the searched keywords and their mapping to the stored les. However, most of the existing SSE schemes fail to ful l this property since in every search query, some information potentially valuable to a malicious adversary is leaked. The leakage becomes even bigger if the underlying SSE scheme is dynamic. In this paper, we minimize the leaked information by proposing a forward and backward private SSE scheme in a multi-client setting. Our construction achieves optimal search and update costs. In contrast to many recent works, each search query only requires one round of interaction between a user and the cloud service provider. In order to guarantee the security and privacy of the scheme and support the multi-client model (i.e. synchronization between users), we exploit the functionality o ered by AMD's Secure Encrypted Virtualization (SEV).


Bartolomeu Fragoso is known form several "denunciations" and "confessions" made during the Visitacao do Santo Oficio de Lisboa as partes da Bahia e Pernambuco (1591-1595). He was a young graduate and master of arts by the College of Baia, the city where he lived. The study of Fragoso's individual case by the Inquisition has made it possible to know what his "faults" were (as well as those of the other defendants), according to the inquiries made by Heitor Furtado de Mendonca (which represents a useful contribution to the reconstitution of the social and cultural milieu of Baia); a study of this case also allows us, more specifically, to identify the intellectual and literary leanings of this ex-student, questioned by the "Mesa" as they were verbalized and externalized.

After the defendant's arrest, his papers were taken. Among the latter were some original poems, which he intended to diffuse in Baia and in Lisbon. We make them available here for further study by historians of Portuguese literature.


To consider the interactions among design variables and the influence of load combinations,a uniform design method is adopted to make the parametric analysis of partially single-layered reticulated shells.Design variables,such as the shell rise,the area of the single-layer region,and the design stress ratio for single-layer members are considered.The approximate response surface functions of the amount of materials,the maximum deflection,the fundamental frequency and the buckling load are gained with a few numbers of computational experiments.The significance orders of design variables and combined variables are also presented.For partially single-layered hexagonal reticulated shells,the area of the single-layer region exerts the most significant influence on the amount of materials and the buckling load.The design stress ratio for single-layer members remarkably changes the amount of materials and the buckling loads of prestressed partially single-layered hexagonal reticulated shells.


In this paper, we consider the contractive real symmetric matrix completion problems motivated in part by studies on sparse (or dense) matrices for weighted sparse recovery problems and rating matrices with rating density in recommender systems. We completely characterize symmetric patterns P with the property (C) that every partially contractive real symmetric matrix with pattern P has a contractive real symmetric completion using graphs.


Railways are one of the most important means of transportation, allowing people and goods to move quickly, environmentally beneficially, and efficiently over long distances. To ensure safe and reliable operations, regular condition-based assessments of trains and track are of paramount importance. Drive-by methodologies, which utilize data collected by onboard monitoring systems as the vehicle travels over the track, have gained popularity as an economically viable strategy for monitoring extensive track networks as well as vehicles traveling on them. This paper presents a critical review of these methodologies applied to railway tracks and vehicles. It assesses research on track irregularities, rail conditions, and the condition of rail supporting elements, highlighting important early developments and recent papers that provide insights into future practical applications. Additionally, the paper explores works related to global vehicle condition evaluation, focusing on the identification of suspension and wheelset element damage and also discussing challenges towards commercial application. The findings suggest that drive-by methodologies have several promising future applications. These include track maintenance optimization, proactive fault detection, predictive maintenance, track performance evaluation, vehicle health monitoring, and data-driven decision-making. By leveraging drive-by assessments, railway operators can optimize maintenance efforts, detect faults early, predict remaining component life, evaluate track performance, monitor vehicle health, and make informed decisions based on data analysis. Finally, a comprehensive conclusion summarizes the achievements thus far and provides perspectives for forthcoming developments. The future practical applications of drive-by methodologies discussed in this review have the potential to revolutionize railway track and vehicle assessments, leading to safer and more efficient railway operations in the days to come.


In this note, we prove that the alternating group A4 is a CI-group and that all disconnected Cayley graphs of A5 are CI-graphs. As a corollary, we conclude that there are exactly 22 non-isomorphic Cayley graphs of A4 • Let G be a finite group and set G# = G \ {I}. For a subset S ~ G# with S = S-l := {S-l Is E S}, the Cayley graph is the graph Cay(G, S) with vertex set G and with x and y adjacent if and only if yxE S. For an automorphism ()" of G, it easily follows that Cay(G, S) 9E Cay(G, S'"), The graph Cay(G, S) is called a CI-graph of G if, whenever Cay(G, S) 9E Cay(G, T), there is an element ()" E Aut(G) such that So= T (CI stands for Cayley Isomorphism). A finite group G is called a CI-group if all Cayley graphs of G are CI-graphs. Adam (1967) conjectured that all finite cyclic groups were CI-groups, and this conjecture was disproved by Elspas and Turner (1970). Since then, a lot of work has been devoted to seeking CI-groups in the literature (see for example [2, 3, 9]). So far, the known CI-groups are the following groups: (1) Zs, Zg, Zn, Z2n and Z4n, where n is odd square-free, see [9, 10]; (2) Qs, Z;, Z~, where p is a prime, see [3, 5, ll]; (3) D2p , F3p (the Frobenius group of order 3p), where p is a prime, see [2, 6]. Recently, an explicit list of groups which contains all finite CI-groups was produced by C. E. Praeger and the second author in [8] (also see [6]). Unfortunately, even with this knowledge, it is still a very hard problem to obtain a complete classification of finite CI-groups. By [6], the candidates of indecomposable CI-groups may be divided into three classes, two of them consist of infinite families, and the other contains 9 "sporadic" groups: Zs, Zg, Zg ><l Z2, Zg ><l Z4, Z~ ><l Z3, Z~ ><l Zg, Q8, Australasian Journal of Combinatorics 17(1998), pp.229-233 Q8 ~ Z3 and Q8 ~ Zg. With the assistance of computer, B. D. McKay determined cyclic CI-groups of order at most 37, and in particular proved that Za and Zg are CI-groups (unpublished). By [11], Qa is a CI-group. In this note, we shall prove that Z~ ~ Z3 (~ A4) is a CI-group. However, it is not known which of the other sporadic candidates (that is, Zg ~ Z2, Zg ~ Z4, Z~ ~ Zg, Q8 ~ Z3 and Q8 ~ Zg) are CI-groups. One of interests of studying CI-groups is to classify Cayley graphs of the corresponding groups. As an application of the result that A4 is a CI-group, we shall give a classification of Cayley graphs of A4. For a positive integer m, a group G is called an m-CI-group if all Cayley graphs of G of valency at most mare CI-graphs. In [7], it is proved that a nonabelian simple group is a 3-CI-group if and only if it is As. However, it is still an open question whether As is a 4-CI-group (see [7]). We shall prove that all disconnected Cayley graphs of As are CI-graphs. Theorem 1 The alternating group A4 of order 12 is a CI-group. Proof. For a positive integer m, a group G is said to have the m-CI property if all Cayley graphs of G of valency mare CI-graphs. Clearly, the group G has the m-CI property if and only if G has the (IG#I m)-CI property. Therefore, to prove that A4 is a CI-group, we only need to prove that A4 has the m-CI property for m ::; 5. Let G = A4 ~ Z~ ~ Z3. Then G contains three involutions (elements of order 2): aI, a2, a3, and four subgroups of order 3: (Xi) (i = 1,2,3,4). Let Sy13(G) be the set of Sylow 3-subgroups of G. It is easily checked that the following properties are true: (a) (Xi) acts (by conjugation) transitively on the set {al,a2,a3}; (b) Z~ = {I, all a2, a3} acts (by conjugation) regularly on the set SyI3(G); (c) G acts (by conjugation) 2-transitively on Sy13(G). (If a Cayley graph Cay(G, 8) is a CI-graph, S is called a CI-subset.) By (a), we know that G has the 1-CI property. By (a) and (b), it follows that G has the 2-CI property. Let 8 be a subset of G# of size 3 with S = S-1. If 8 consists of three involutions, then (8) Z~. Noting that G has the unique subgroup (S) of order 4, 8 contains all the involutions of G. For any T E G# such that Cay(G,8) ~ Cay(G,T), we have that I (S) I = I (T) I and so S = T. Thus 8 is a CI-subset. Let 8 = {x, x-I, a} and T {x', X,-1, al}, where o(x) = o(x') = 3 and o(a) = o(a') = 2, such that Cay(G,S) ~ Cay(G,T). Since (x) is conjugate to (x'), there exists an element y E G such that {x,x-1}y = {XI,XII }, so SY = {x',x'-\aY }. Further, as (Xl) is transitive on the set of all involutions of G, tl.tere exists an integer j such that x,j maps aY to a', and so 8 yx'J = {x',x'-\ayy'J = {xl,xl-l,a'} = T. Thus 8 is a CI-subset, and so G has the 3-CI property. (For s E 8, an edge {u, v} of Cay(G, 8) is called an s-edge if vu-1 = s.) Let S be a subset of G# of size 4 with 8 = S-1, and let Rl = {al,a2,x1,x1 } and R2 = {Xl,X1\X2,X2 }.


Explores the development of jazz from its nineteenth-century roots in ragtime and blues through swing and bebop to fusion and contemporary jazz styles. Unique in its up-to-date coverage, JAZZ: THE FIRST 100 YEARS devotes a full third of its length to performers of the 1960s to the present day. The book's flexible organization and clear, interesting presentation appeal to both music majors and general students. Extensive, accessible Listening Guides tie the history of jazz music directly to the CD selections, giving newcomers and aficionados alike a true feel for the vibrant, ever-changing sound of jazz. Free with every book, the Audio Jazz Primer CD allows sudents to hear the key terms, basic music concepts, and jazz instruments discussed in the book.


The results of full-displacement pressuremeter tests in beds of sand, clay, and layered soil have been used to estimate the lateral soil pressures, ultimate capacity, and displacements of instrumented rigid model piles under eccentric and inclined loads. Comparisons of these estimates with observations on the piles under horizontal load and pure moment have been made and reasonable agreement is found. The analyses are also compared with some field case records. Key words: bearing capacity, clay, displacements, horizontal load, lateral pressure, layered soil, model test, moment, pile, pressuremeter, sand.


From the theory of covering surfaces by L.V. Ahlfors follows a pointwise defect relation for meromorphic functions in the plane. The rst part of the article contains a proof of a counterpart of Ahlfors' result for quasiregular mappings in all dimensions. The obtained defect relation is an improvement of an earlier version by the author. In the second part the sharpness of the defect relation is proved in dimension three. In this part the method is a modiication of the author's proof of the sharpness of an analog of Picard's theorem.


The purpose of this paper is to compare the efficacy of two algorithms used for denoising underwater acoustic signals affected by ambient noise. The two denoising techniques are, (i) Fourier Bessel (FB) expansion based denoising algorithm and (ii) Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD)-Fourier Bessel (FB) based denoising algorithm. Sea water normally contains unwanted background noise called ambient noise which is non-stationary produced by man-made or natural sources. In practical applications it is absolutely necessary to denoise underwater acoustic signals. The information that will be received through hydrophones shall be unaffected, pristine and original. In this paper, initially the two techniques are applied to a stationary input and the outcomes of both the techniques are compared. Later the two methods are once again applied to anon-stationary input and the results are then compared.


Highlights What are the main finding? Higher serum levels of total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol are associated with the severity of AP, while the persistent inflammation of AP is linked with decreased serum levels of cholesterol-related lipids. What is the implication of the main finding? Cholesterol-related lipids should be recommended both as risk factors and early predictors for studying the severity of AP. Cholesterol-lowering drugs may play a role in the treatment and prevention of AP with hypercholesterolemia. Abstract It is well known that hypercholesterolemia in the body has pro-inflammatory effects through the formation of inflammasomes and augmentation of TLR (Toll-like receptor) signaling, which gives rise to cardiovascular disease and neurodegenerative diseases. However, the interaction between cholesterol-related lipids and acute pancreatitis (AP) has not yet been summarized before. This hinders the consensus on the existence and clinical importance of cholesterol-associated AP. This review focuses on the possible interaction between AP and cholesterol-related lipids, which include total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and apolipoprotein (Apo) A1, from the bench to the bedside. With a higher serum level of total cholesterol, LDL-C is associated with the severity of AP, while the persistent inflammation of AP is allied with a decrease in serum levels of cholesterol-related lipids. Therefore, an interaction between cholesterol-related lipids and AP is postulated. Cholesterol-related lipids should be recommended as risk factors and early predictors for measuring the severity of AP. Cholesterol-lowering drugs may play a role in the treatment and prevention of AP with hypercholesterolemia.


The competitive business environment today is something that has never been seen before, as technology continues to challenge the way in which business has been done. As profit margins continue to shrink, it is imperative that companies have robust methods of process management to ensure peak efficiency. Continuous improvement, known as Kaizen in Japanese, is a natural step forward that is informed by the decisions made using risk management. The purpose of this article is to study the relationship between continuous improvement and risk management. In order to accomplish this task, proper definitions will be established, and proof will be provided of their relationship in real-world examples. This article represents the ideas of Lean Six Sigma and Kaizen as methods to improve the processes in many different settings, as they become excellent tools for the continuous improvement phase. Six Sigma is a set of techniques that can detect and improve defects to reduce the variability in processes that may lead to undesirable inconsistencies. Moreover, the article looks at the barriers that stop companies from adopting these methodologies. Finally, the article discusses a method for the implementation of Kaizen and Lean Six Sigma in the form of A3.


The seismic responses of multi-storey shear type buildings isolated by rolling rods were studied.Through taking the characteristics of pure rolling into account based on the sliding isolation,the equation of rolling isolation was proposed.The responses of the rolling isolation structure were compared with the corresponding fixed base structure in order to investigate the effectiveness of the rolling rods.The results demonstrate that the method of rolling rods is effective in reducing the response of the super-structure against strong earthquake excitation.When the rolling friction coefficient is great than 0.15 cm,the limited device can be cancelled.The effectiveness of the rolling rods in reducing the seismic response of the structure decreases with an increase in the rolling friction coefficient.In addition,the storey-shift and whip-tip effect of the upper-structure become unremarkable with decreasing the rolling friction coefficient.


ABSTRACT This article offers an investigation of social policy discourse with specific regard to the ways in which interventions aimed at addressing poverty and social inequality have conceptualised welfare, social assistance and social security. It argues that the post-1994 African National Congress (ANC)-led government has placed a priority on waged employment and labour market participation as the preferred route to social inclusion and social security, to the detriment of universal redistributive programmes not associated with paid work. The state's promotion of a form of social disciplining centred on wage labour has clashed with the material reality of spiralling unemployment and the proliferation of precarious and unprotected occupations. This disjuncture raises important questions concerning the capacity of the new institutional dispensation to govern South Africa's long transition – or even the ability of the ANC to justify their policy decisions to their core constituency.


Practice has shown that prices, an important economic factor, have a signifi cant effect on the choice of tourist destination, i.e. they have a direct impact on the tourism demand and add to its elasticity. More often than not, the connection between the "prices in the hospitality industry and tourism demand dynamics" is not a simple one. Many various factors besides prices in the hospitality industry infl uence the decision on a tourism trip, rendering this connection very complex. The effect of prices on domestic tourism demand is particularly evident in developing countries with low avarage salaries. To be better able to objectively perceive the effect of price growth in the hospitality industry, in addition to the basic parameters (prices in hospitality services, domestic arrivals and overnight stays of domestic tourists), we also analysed the cost of life, average salaries and changes in the euro exhange rate. All the parameters are for Serbia and they cover a period of fi fteen years, 2002-2016. The principal method used in the research is the statistical method of linear correlation analysis, where the linear correlation coeffi cient was taken as an indicator.


This study examines the relationship between business ethics and tax aggressiveness. Building on the conceptual model of corporate moral development, we hypothesize and find a negative association between the level of business ethics and tax aggressiveness. For our sample of U.S. firms, companies with a higher level of business ethics are less likely to be tax aggressive. Our results are robust to the use of two proxies for tax aggressiveness: the 'mainstream' effective-tax-rate measure and the unrecognized tax benefit, which have been identified as capturing the least and the most aggressive tax positions respectively. While we support our business ethics prediction in both our models, we also find a positive relationship between the quality of corporate governance (measured without ethical characteristics generally associated with good corporate governance) and tax aggressiveness. Our interpretation of these results is that, while ethical firms are concerned about paying their fair share of taxes, shareholders' interest still comes first.


Indonesia, virtually alone among post-colonial nations, has been successful at promoting an indigenous language as its national language. The Indonesian language was developed as a national language from the Malay language in what has been seen by some as a daring decision. In truth, it was the only logical choice, and the lack of a major international language playing a role in Indonesia may actually be a detriment. In this study, Indonesia's language situation is compared to that of its neighbors Malaysia and the Philippines.


The dependence of allowing to determine the optimal mode of reducing speed when approaching trains to areas with restrictions to ensure maximum road conditions on the average speed. The presented method will accelerate and refine the calculations in modeling the movement of logging trucks.


We evaluated a cable neck-restraint for live capture of coyotes (Canis latrans) in Michigan, USA, from 6 January to 22 March 2011. We documented capture efficiency, selectivity, and animal welfare using criteria developed by the Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies Best Management Practices and the International Organization for Standardization. We constructed cable restraints with an 8.9-cm-diameter minimum loop stop and reverse bend washer locks drilled to 4.8 mm, to more readily relax on 2.4-mm-diameter steel cable. Cable restraints were set for 938 trap-nights during January–March 2011. Capture efficiency was 71.4% (n = 20 coyotes) and selectivity 95.0%. We performed necropsies (n = 11) or external examinations (n = 9) to evaluate capture-related injuries and released coyotes fitted with Global Positioning System collars (n = 5) to estimate home-range size. Mean individual injury score of necropsied coyotes was 5.0 ± SD 8.9 and mean total injury score was 7.3 ± SD 9.8; we observed no mortality of coyotes due to capture. Home range sizes of 2 coyotes (8.9 km2 and 16.6 km2) were within the 95% confidence interval of mean home-range size of resident coyotes captured in foothold traps (16.0 km2 ± SD 5.7, n = 11). Our findings indicate this cable restraint configuration exceeds all Best Management Practices criteria and is suitable for the capture of coyotes in both wildlife management and research arenas. © 2014 The Wildlife Society.


Based on the deep influence of grassland culture,the urban mentality of Inner Mongolia is to be cultivated through some effective approaches.The humanistic environment needs to be a system constructed in scientific and rational ways.Urban residents are to be educated persistently to be carriers of high-quality urban mentality.Cultural industries embodying urban mentality are expected to be developed with down-to-earth efforts.Consequently,competitive cities within Inner Mongolia are bound to be developed with unique cultural characteristics and rich ethical implications.


The demonstrations of Wigner and others, that observables which do not commute with additive conserved quantities cannot be measured precisely, are reexamined. A proposed new formulation of the claim is shown to be valid for observables with a continuous spectrum whenever the conserved quantities are bounded. However, a counter model is constructed, and it suggests that the position can be measured as precisely as the momentum even though the measuring interaction conserves the total linear momentum


'Hardt and Negri' are familiar names for those interested in contemporary Marxist theory, social movements, and social change.1 Drawing on the traditions of autonomist Marxism, Italian operaismo, Foucauldian and Deleuzian poststructuralism, and Spinozian philosophy, their previous works, Empire, Multitude, and Commonwealth, advanced a unique reading of contemporary capitalism and the collective subject that could transform it.2 While it is not possible to give a full summary of the trilogy here, to provide a basis for the present review of Assembly, it is useful to briefly outline the central concepts developed in these books. Empire develops a reading of contemporary capitalism as a system of decentralised political and economic power, a network-based global 'empire' in which capital has subsumed life such that there is no outside point from which it can be apprehended or contested. Multitude details the new revolutionary subjectivity that Hardt and Negri argue has immanently emerged from within Empire, a collective subject defined by its capacity for creativity, innovation,


According to the latest data, in Italy 200.000 patients are affected by the Parkinson's Disease, and the trend is bound to go up. Generally the diagnosis, crucial in this pathology, is based on the clinic observation. But the absence of typical signs or symptoms increases the possibility of diagnostic mistakes. Ioflupane (DATSCAN ®) is a new diagnostic agent indicated for detecting loss of functional dopaminergic neuron terminals in the striatum of patients with clinically uncertain Parkinsonian Syndromes. The use of Ioflupane (DATSCAN ®) in association with the single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) allows to improve the diagnosis. Applying systematically this diagnostic model could cause a significant reduction in hospedalization cost, with less trouble for patients and a better quality of life. Aim of this study is to show the clinical and economic consequences of the use of Ioflupane (DATSCAN â) in association with SPECT as a new standard for the diagnosis of Parkinson's Disease, considering the perspective of the National Heath System (NHS) and a single hospital structure.


Energy reduction serves as an essential part of demand-side solutions to address the challenges of energy security and carbon emission, and ensure a reliable, affordable and sustainable energy system. In this paper, a behind-the-meter transactive market is proposed for the home energy management system to achieve energy reduction by coordinating home appliances through market bidding and clearing. The proposed approach can achieve the optimal coordination by taking into account the home owner's preferences of energy reduction over different appliances. Thermostatically controlled loads (TCLs) including air conditioner and water heater are considered as the example to illustrate the controller design. The proposed controllers for TCLs can translate the trade-off between energy saving and temperature discomfort into the bidding information. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed behind-the-meter transactive design for energy reduction.


This study aims to determine the implementation of authentic portfolio assessment in science learning. This research is descriptive qualitative. Methods used for data collection include observation, interviews, and documentation. Data reduction, data presentation, and data verification are theoretical techniques used in data analysis by Miles and Huberman. The results showed that the implementation of authentic portfolio assessment in science learning has gone well, this is in accordance with the authentic portfolio steps, if it is in accordance with the authentic portfolio steps, then the implementation of the authentic portfolio has gone well.


Summary:  Purpose: The ketogenic diet (KD) is an effective treatment for intractable epilepsy. However, little is known about its underlying mechanisms.


Most hash-based peer-to-peer(HS-P2P) networks proposed previously focus on stationary peer nodes.When peers move to new locations in the network,these schemes become inefficient in delivering messages.This paper proposes a hash-based structured P2P overlay in mobile environment called H-MP2P,which allows nodes to move freely.A node can disseminate its location information through the P2P network,and other nodes can learn its movement or query its location also through the P2P network.It is known that the H-MP2P has better performance in the scalability,reliability and efficiency by the theory analysis and experiments.So,it can be applied to mobile environment.


BACKGROUND
In equine skeletal scintigraphy, there is no information about the possible influence of different phosphonate compounds on image quality.

METHODS
This prospective randomised study determined bone uptake changes and image quality for hydroxymethylene diphosphonate (HDP) and methylene diphosphonate (MDP) in equine patients at different time points. Scintigraphic images of the radius and the tibia of 20 horses were acquired at 2 and 4 hours after injection of either technetium-labelled HDP or MDP. Three regions of interest were identified-in the bone diaphysis, adjacent soft tissue and background area-to determine the normal bone-to-soft tissue ratio (BSR). Qualitative analysis was performed using a modified scoring system.

RESULTS
In terms of BSR and count rates, HDP showed a slightly better incorporation into bone compared to MDP, but significant differences were only detected for count rates at 4 hours after injection (p = 0.048). The radiopharmaceutical used did not influence qualitative image scoring, which was correlated with the BSR (ρ = 0.49; p ≤ 0.001).

CONCLUSION
The choice of HDP or MDP for equine skeletal scintigraphy does not seem to substantially affect BSR and qualitative image scoring. Further studies with a larger sample size, including the evaluation of lesion detection ability for both bone-seeking agents, are needed.


Processes such as economic polarization, social disparities and the asymmetric distribution of natural capital are becoming progressively more interlinked in developed countries and may reflect the uneven decline of the 'centre-periphery' model. The assessment of regional disparities and spatial heterogeneity in socioeconomic phenomena is a key issue in regional studies and takes advantage of the use of multi-domain frameworks and decision support systems. We performed an exploratory analysis of 133 indicators assessing seven thematic domains (demography/settlements, labour market, economic structure, quality of life, agriculture/rural development, landscape/water, environment/soil resources) with the aim of investigating regional disparities in Italy in the light of territorial changes driven by urbanization, industrial decentralization, agricultural intensification and land abandonment. The results of our study indicate that latitude, elevation and urban gradients have determined a complex spatial pattern in both socioeconomic and environmental variables in Italy. The proposed approach provides an overall assessment of the intensity of territorial disparities on a regional scale for each thematic domain, and of intra-region spatial heterogeneity for each indicator, representing a decision-making tool for policies targeting a sustainable and spatially balanced development.


Edmund, who died last year, was a local character. He was 93, and his family had once owned half the town. But what I remember most about Edmund was his dog.


The Linear Transformer Driver (LTD) technology is a new approach to construct high-voltage, high-current pulsed-power accelerators. Linear Transformer drivers, however, place stringent demands on synchronous trigger system. The paper proposes a new synchronous triggering technology, which is named as LTD-trigger. The LTDtrigger divides a pulse to a number of synchronous pulses through inductive transformer. Hence, the LTD-trigger is a kind of induction voltage divider and it operates like a reversed-LTD. The configuration of LTD-trigger is similar to LTD and the output port and input port is opposite to LTD. In order to analyze the working principle of LTDtrigger, an equivalent circuit model and an experimental prototype are established. The LTD-trigger experimental prototype can generate 20 synchronous trigger pulses with voltage amplitude of 23 kV and rise time of about 70 ns. The simulation and experimental results show a good performance of synchronization among the output trigger pulses. The stability of LTD-trigger is tested while some circuit faults occur.


We demonstrate a SOA-UTC receiver PIC in O-band with up to 90 A/W responsivity, NF below 8-dB, >−10 dBm saturation input power and 33 GHz bandwidth which shows a 10<sup>−9</sup> sensitivity at 32 Gb/s of −20.5 dBm.


Several low-dimensional systems show a crossover from diffusive to ballistic heat transport when system size is decreased. Although there is some phenomenological understanding of this crossover phenomenon at the coarse-grained level, a microscopic picture that consistently describes both the ballistic and the diffusive transport regimes has been lacking. In this work we derive a scaling form for the thermal current in a class of one dimensional systems attached to heat baths at boundaries and rigorously show that the crossover occurs when the characteristic length scale of the system competes with the system size.


Through real-time monitoring police system log,the detail data of operational data store ODS are real-time elicited from system log to ODS,meanwhile this mechanism synchronizes the ODS data and business system database in second grade.Real-time ODS based mechanism establishes a Log-ODS-DW three-level model Police DW system,real-time OLAP based query,the cubes of ODS and DW fresh data dynamically,serving real-time OLAP service.The authors put forward a dynamic DW infrastructure which can offer real-time police decision analysis with the features of little burthen on business system,real time,rapid query and meet a need of police system.


The administration of municipal tort liability in Cleveland is unique. Where other Ohio municipalities administer such liability by one agency in the municipal government, the City of Cleveland has two independent agencies: (1) the Law Department of the city, and (2) the legal division of the Cleveland Transit System, the municipally owned and operated mass transportation system for Cleveland and its environs. The city charter provides: The director . . . of law . . . shall prosecute or defend all suits for and in behalf of the city .... ' In the same charter the legal division of the Cleveland Transit System is authorized to: . . . prosecute and defend, settle or compromise, all suits for and on behalf of the city of Cleveland arising out of the operation of the transit system. 2 As the charter provides for separate administrations, it is wise to consider the two administrative agencies individually.


The evolution of the velocity-of-sound rocket experiment to measure temperatures, wind speed and direction, and densities at elevations 30 to 80 kilometers is described. Rocket soundings of the atmosphere were made at three locations: White Sands Missile Range, New Mexico; Fort Churchill, Canada; and Guam. Results from White Sands and Fort Churchill are presented. Miniaturization of the equipment and changes in techniques resulted in an all-weather capability which is enabling meteorological agencies to formulate plans to carry out synoptic meteorological and other interesting investigations, using for the first time in the history of meteorology the rocket as a routine instrument carrier. The tracking of X or S band by radars to determine high-elevation winds is described briefly.


A chemoheterotrophic bacterium was isolated from wastewater of a textile factory for dyeing and printing in Egypt. The isolate was gram positive, rod shaped, facultative anaerobe with a central spore. The phenotypic identification showed 98% similarity to "Bacillus maroccanus" type strain. The isolate was extremly halotolerant, facultative psychrophilic and facultative alkaloalophilic and exhibited tolerance to H2O2 treatment up to 442 mM in comparison to 145 mM for its standard ATCC strain.The colony forming ability decreased by increasing the H2O2 concentration. These characterized traits could be useful for using such isolate in various biotechnological applications.


During recent in-house research and development activities, the Compressor Aero Research Lab (CARL) of the Turbomachinery Branch, Turbine Engine Division conducted a tip clearance study to determine the performance impact of three different tip clearances on the Stage Matching Investigation (SMI) Fan single stage test article. The overall performance map for each clearance was obtained experimentally along with detailed discharge plane and over-the-rotor unsteady pressure measurements at selected operating conditions. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations were performed at design speed for each clearance configuration. In general, the computational predictions of overall stage performance agreed well with the experimental measurements, except for a difference in massflow rate. Results from the CFD and experiment indicated that the flow rate, pressure ratio, and efficiency were reduced when tip clearance was increased. The choked flow difference between the small and medium clearance varied significantly less than that between the medium and large clearances.


It is observable, that the analogies of spherical trigonometry, exclusive of the terms co-fine and co-tangent, are applicable to plane, by only changing the expression, sine or tangent of side, into the single word, side: so that the business of plane trigonometry, like a corollary to the other, is thence to be inferr'd.


With the extending of the scope of information sharing and data exchange, semantic data integration is becoming the hot spot in the research of database technology. Ontology, by way of formal specification of share concepts, provides a method to resolve the semantic heterogeneous, since it can be used to express the semantics of data sources, identify and construct the semantic relationship of the concepts, compass the sematic consistency.Traditional relational databases is still the main means to store data for its characteristic of mature technique, widely used applications, powerful data management and security. However, relational data only express the "attribute/value" relation, it doesn't have the semantic describing ability. Therefore, it is an important research orientation that how to take out the semantics in the relational data directly, refine the rich semantic information, construct the ontology, make up the defect of relational data schema.This paper discusses the technique of using formal concept analysis in combination with data model and the data information for ontology construction. On the basis of analyzing present status about building ontology,introduces the formal concept analysis method concerned. Finally, under given data model and data information,demonstrates how to construct an ontology.


Mechanical properties of brain tissue in high strain region are indispensable for the analysis of brain damage during traffic accidents. However, accurate data on the mechanical behavior of brain tissue under impact loading condition are sparse. In this study, mechanical properties of porcine brain tissues were characterized in their cylindrical samples cored out from their surface. The samples were compressed in their axial direction at strain rates ranging from 1 to 50 s-1. Stress relaxation test was also conducted following rapid compression with a rise time of ∼30 ms to different strain levels (20-70%). Brain tissue exhibited stiffer responses under higher impact rates: initial elastic modulus was 5.7±1.6, 11.9±3.3, 23.8±10.5 kPa (mean±SD) for strain rate of 1, 10, 50 s-1, respectively. We found that stress relaxation K(t,e) could be analysed in time and strain domains separately. The relaxation response could be expressed as the product of two mutually independent functions of time and strain as: K(t,e)=G(t)σe(e), where σe(e) is an elastic response, i.e., the peak stress in response to a step input of strain e, and G(t) is a reduced relaxation function: G(t)=0.642e-t/0.0207+0.142e-t/0.482+0.216e-t/18.9, i.e., the time-dependent stress response normalized by the peak stress. The reduced relaxation function obtained here will serve as a useful tool to predict mechanical behavior of brain tissue in compression with strain rate greater than 10 s-1.


Modular multi-level converters are the new "hearts" of future high-voltage direct current transmission (HVDC) systems since they are able to "pump" output voltage level to a large number effectively as compared to what current voltage sourced converters in HVDC can offer. The cascaded submodules of the converter perform self-contained functions of being inserted or being bypassed. Such a sequence of insert or bypass actions is resulted from modulation techniques applied to the converter. A summarization of modulation techniques that have been used for voltage-sourced converters is presented first. Then two modulation techniques—a sinusoidal pulse-width modulation and a staircase modulation—are further examined and extended to modulate and control modular multi-level converters. In addition, simulation studies are conducted to prove an improvement of the output voltage quality benefited from using the staircase modulation over the sinusoidal pulse width modulation on both standalone voltage-sourced converter applications and applications in high-voltage direct current transmission systems.


We introduce a novel framework for computing optimal randomized security policies in networked domains which extends previous approaches in several ways. First, we extend previous linear programming techniques for Stackelberg security games to incorporate benefits and costs of arbitrary security configurations on individual assets. Second, we offer a principled model of failure cascades that allows us to capture both the direct and indirect value of assets, and extend this model to capture uncertainty about the structure of the interdependency network. Third, we extend the linear programming formulation to account for exogenous (random) failures in addition to targeted attacks. Fourth, we allow the attacker to choose among several capabilities in attacking a target, and, in a limited way, allow the attacker to attack multiple targets simultaneously. The goal of our work is two-fold. First, we offer techniques to compute optimal security strategies in realistic settings involving interdependent security. Second, our computational framework enables us to attain theoretical insights about security on networks.


This chapter begins with an analysis of the slogan 'breast is best', which is considered a universal refrain that captures state and public attitudes towards breastfeeding. It looks at the interviews with women that expressed broad support for breastfeeding in varying degrees of individual success and described it as the normative practice of the good mother. It also examines the support for breastfeeding and the tensions it creates for women as they invoke the language of nature to justify its superiority, account for breastfeeding failures, and risk breastfeeding for too long. The chapter explores women's experiences of breastfeeding as evidence of the diversity of socioeconomic circumstances. It expands the predominant thinking around black women's breastfeeding experiences beyond claims that they reject breastfeeding for its risky proximity to nature.


This minitrack highlights applications of systems sciences to the management of technology (MOT). It is intended as a forum for the exchange of new research findings and concepts related to MOT and organizational change. The scope includes both systems for management of technology (cases and models of success, the identification of critical success factors in MOT) and social andpsychological factors, models, andprocesses of organizational change and technology implementation. The unifying theme is that of managing technology so that an organization learns from its implementation of technologies, particularly information technologies. This year, we have several papers that illustrate this theme.


Abstract At temperatures below zero in winter months, a total of 202 spiders was collected by pitfall traps from a snow-covered grassland in eastern Turkey. 16 genera and 20 species were recorded, belonging to the families Gnaphosidae, Lycosidae, Linyphiidae, Thomisidae, Theridiidae, Philodromidae, Salticidae, and Tetragnathidae.


Objective To investigate the effect of anti interleukin 2 receptor monoclonal antibody (anti IL 2R Mab) administration at different time points on the rejection following liver transplantation. Methods Twenty one consecutive liver transplant patients were divided into two groups. There was no difference in patient's demographics and indications between the two groups. They all received 20 mg of anti IL 2R Mab on day 0 and day 4 in addition to CsA and steroids as induction therapy. The first 10 patients (Intraop.Group) received the first dose of anti IL 2R Mab immediately after the reperfusion of the implanted liver. While the latter 11 patients (Preop.Group) received the first dose of anti IL 2R Mab 2?h before the operation. Follow up was 3 months. Results No acute side effects were found during the admini stration of anti IL 2R Mab. The biopsy confirmed acute rejection episodes in the Intraop.Group was 5/10 (50%) versus 3/11 (27%) in the Preop.Group. There were three further cases of clinical rejection episodes in the Intraop.Group who had no biopsy performed due to logistic reasons. However, there were no such cases in the Preop.Group. If both biopsy confirmed and clinical rejection episodes were considered, the rejection episodes in the Preop.Group were significantly lower than in the Intraop.Group ( P = 0.03 ).Conclusion The application of anti IL 2R Mab in liver transplant patients was safe and well tolerated. There were less acute rejection episodes when the first dose of anti IL 2R Mab was given before operation than after reperfusion. The same dosing regimen in kidney transplant recipients appeared to be sufficient and effective in preventing the incidence of acute rejections also in liver transplant recipients.


Species secondary container for a fluid, such as a deformable bags, having one or more inlets and one or more outlets, and said container is located in the wheel assembly, are used to cause mixing, dispensing, and homogenized / or recycle or add to the vessel receiving the one or more components. Region within the vessel capable of containing a liquid is a funnel shape, which allows mixing low level of distribution during mixing and reduces or eliminates the formation of vortices.


In the mining industry, stockpiles and bins are very common, and their design can play a significant
role in circuit performance. A typical dry comminution circuit includes crushing, screening,
stockpiles, bins, conveyors and transfer chutes. Design of stockpiles and bins plays an important role
in the performance of the comminution process. However, in process modelling and optimisation,
materials handling and storage does not receive as much attention as comminution and classification
units. Size segregation, which means particles with different sizes seating apart in a bin or stockpile,
is an important phenomenon in the materials handling process. In mineral processing, the size
segregation occurs throughout the whole process from the load and haul at the mine to waste disposal.
However, this issue in bins and stockpiles, in particular, during the filling and discharging affects the
performance of downstream processes. Therefore, modelling the size segregation is important for
addressing operational challenges. This paper presents the structure of a 3-D bin and stockpile model,
which is developed to model the size segregation. The model is validated using data from a laboratory
scale test. The structure and details of materials storage models with size segregation and the
application of these model are presented in this paper. The simulation of the size segregation
phenomena could improve the understanding of materials flow and help designers to optimise the
design of equipment and circuits.


One hundred and forty-seven patients requiring a hypnotic, took soft gelatine capsules containing 10 mg temazepam (Euhypnos®), 10-30 mg at night, for up to twelve weeks. One hundred and thirty-three patients (90·5%) completed twelve weeks on drug. Hypnotic performance was rated Good or Very Good in 90% of their assessments and 93·2% of the assessments recorded no hangover effect. Adverse reactions were occasional headaches and nausea. There were no drug-related accidents. One hundred and forty-two patients (96·6%) said there was no adverse effect on their work. Seven patients who did not complete twelve weeks resumed normal sleep patterns and had no further need for hypnotics.


The aim of the present study is to unravel the concealed attributes of the Love-type wave propagating in a composite of CoFe2O4 laden with Newtonian viscous liquid (VL), resting over Aluminium-Epoxy as a semi-infinite micropolar (MP) substrate bearing size dependent properties. The admissible boundary conditions are used to obtain the dispersion relations for both magnetically open and short cases. To support the findings and reverberations of affecting parameters, graphical representations are provided. Probable particular cases are deduced and matched with the existing result. It can be perceived from graphical representations that phase velocity of Love-type wave is remarkably affected by these parameters. Findings may have meaningful practical applications towards the optimization of magnetic sensors and transducers working in liquid environment.


Estimating ocean flow fields in 3D is a critical step in enabling the reliable operation of underwater gliders and other small, low-powered autonomous marine vehicles. Existing methods produce depth-averaged 2D layers arranged at discrete vertical intervals, but this type of estimation can lead to severe navigation errors. Based on the observation that real-world ocean currents exhibit relatively low vertical velocity components, we propose an accurate 3D estimator that extends our previous work in estimating 2D flow fields as a linear combination of basis flows. The proposed algorithm uses data from ensemble forecasting to build a set of 3D basis flows, and then iteratively updates basis coefficients using point measurements of underwater currents. We report results from experiments using actual ensemble forecasts and synthetic measurements to compare the performance of our method to the direct 3D extension of the previous work. These results show that our method produces estimates with dramatically lower error metrics, with and without measurement noise.


Every introductory course in molecular spectroscopy treats the process of assigning spectra as trivial or automatic. At chemically significant levels of vibrational excitation, spectral assignment is certainly not trivial. In fact, the inference of molecular structure from a spectrum may become intrinsically impossible. We deal in this article with spectra far from the textbook limit of small amplitude motions and ask questions of these spectra that are not the traditional ones of equilibrium structure. The task would have been impossible without a technique that offers maximum spectral simplification. In conventional absorption or emission spectroscopy, transitions ema nate from a large number of states; thus, the spectra tend to be quite congested and tedious to assign. One is often limited to investigating the low energy region of a particular potential energy surface, usually because this is the only region where transitions are sufficiently strong and the spectra still remain sufficiently free of congestion to be interpretable. The topic of this review, Stimulated Emission Pumping (SEP), is a new.tech nique for studying an extraordinarily wide range of rotation-vibration levels in the ground electronic states or other low-lying electronic states of diatomic and small polyatomic molecules. The literature has been covered up to January I, 1 986. SEP is a folded variant of optical-optical double resonancec(OODR),


Objective: This study assessed homeostatic reserves which frailty includes through the differences in physical performances by elderly women affected by Metabolic Syndrome. Design and method: We examined 32 women (mean age 68+ 3) with Metabolic Syndrome.Metabolic Syndrome was assessed through the NCEP standards: 1) obesity (waist>cm 88 for women and> 102 cm for men); 2) high values of triglyceride (>150 mg/dl); 3) low values of HDL cholesterol (>40 mg/dl for men and 50 mg/dl for women);4) high levels of blood pressure (> 130/85 mmHg) or antihypertensive treatment; 5) high glycemia at awakening (110–126 mg/dl). The design of the study included: 1) blood tests; 2) clinical measurement of blood pressure.Blood Pressure was under control when< 140/90 mmHg and > 130/80 mmHg in patients affected by diabetes mellitus.The Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) combines a balance test following 3 different positions on increasing difficulty, a 4-metre walking path and a repeated stand-up exercise from a chair.Self-sufficient elderly women with reduced physical performance and with a reported SPPB score comprised between 5 and 9 can be considered frail and at high risk of disability. Results: Among all subjects 16 had a < 9 SPPB score (group A); while 18 had a > 9 score (group B). We did not detect considerable differences in the 2 groups considering age, waist length, glycemia, cholesterol, triglyceride, while we detected an uncontrolled hypertension (SBP 154 + 3 and DBP 90 + 4 mmHg, p< 0.005) in group A. A substantial connection between reduced physical performance (SPPB < 9) and uncontrolled hypertension in group A (p < 0.01) was noted. The latter was administered a 6 month program of home adapted workout supervised by an occupational therapist every 2 months. Conclusions: In elderly women affected by Metabolic Syndrome, the study assesses a relationship between uncontrolled hypertension and a reduced physical performance. Evaluation through SPPB is able to assess specific features in elderly patients' health beyond the clinical evaluation and the specific markers for disease gravity, therefore indicating the reduced homeostatic reserves included in frailty. A combination of pharmacological therapy with occupational therapy is able to empower physical performance in frail elderly patients.


Masculinity has been such a central vehicle for the critique and re-presentation of individual subjectivity, ideals of being and acting, and national identity in Spanish Cinema that none of the major writers on the subject has been able to ignore it. In Live Flesh: The Male Body in Contemporary Spanish Cinema, Santiago Fouz-Hernández and Alfredo Martı́nez-Expósito carefully build on existing scholarship on Spanish Cinema in general and the representation of masculinity in particular (systematically and generously annotated throughout the work) by narrowing the focus, at least initially, to the body whilst simultaneously widening the scope of genres, films and representations discussed, and applying an admirable range of methodologies to their analysis. The authors begin with two central questions: how are the bodies of male characters represented in Spanish cinema of the last three decades? And how do these representations ''mediate the perceptions that different audiences obtain of Spanish masculinities'' (p. 3)? The book is then divided into eight chapters which examine these issues through different types of bodies: stereotypical bodies, young bodies, muscular bodies, (dis)abled bodies, homosexual bodies, transformed bodies, foreign bodies, and the representation of male genitals. Readers familiar with Spanish cinema will find it hard to argue with the selection of types and I for one was impressed with the range and depth of knowledge brought to the analysis. Thus, for example, in the chapter on stereotypical bodies we get a discussion of an Iberian Macho of the 1990s as seen in Bigas Luna's ''Iberian trilogy'' and a discussion of the Torrente films but this time read in the light of the comedia celtibérica and the destape films of the apertura. We also get an exposition of landismo, a discussion of how national stereotypes which were the subject of Landa films such as No desearás al vecino del quinto are filtered through and simultaneously construct the star personas of Javier Bardem and Santiago Segura (the latter not only as evidenced through his films but also through his television appearances) as well as how these stereotypes are conveyed through traditional cultural modes such as esperpento and the picaresque. It is a complex and convincing analysis and one learns as much from how the authors study their object and the array of knowledge they bring to their analysis as from the their stated aims and focus (in this chapter, to demonstrate that, in spite of various challenges and changes to traditional hegemonic masculinity, there are also surprising continuities over the last three decades). This type of richly textured analysis is characteristic of all eight chapters, and because each of them brings to bear a different array of methods (queer theory, genre theory, star studies, cultural studies, textual analysis etc) to a different


The government debt issues have received extensive attention around the world. Basing on endogenous growth theory, this study uses the Hamilton function method to obtain the explicit solution of fiscal revenue decentralization, fiscal expenditure decentralization, and local government debt. Through partial derivative, our findings demonstrate the following: fiscal revenue decentralization has a negative effect on local government debt; fiscal expenditure decentralization has a positive effect on local government debt. Finally, policies and recommendations are proposed.


T here are few complications that are more compromising of patient well-being and quality of living than anorectal fistulous Crohn's disease (CD). Up to 40% of CD patients will have this complication and of those only about 60% can expect complete healing, and then only in expert hands using a multidisciplinary approach coordinating careful surgery with near artful use of biologic and immunosuppressive therapy. Failures result in either long-term indwelling Seton drains or proctectomy/diversion with what is effectively a permanent stoma. This enigmatic complication frequently confounds the most experienced IBD caregivers. There have been in the past the regular arrival of newer treatments and techniques that unfortunately continue to fall short of definitive cure. However, how often is such failure due to inaccurate staging or a lack of true understanding of the anatomic complexity of the individual fistulous process? Blind or ancillary tracts, underappreciated subtleties of local anatomy, or proximity to sphincteric structures can compromise the surgeon's approach and complicate deciding between various surgical and medical therapies. In addition, often the patients themselves do not appreciate the complexity or difficulty of the issue, especially the critical anatomic issues that relate to sphincter function and continence. It is exceedingly difficult to convey to the patient the relevant considerations


We propose a method and algorithm for lossless compression of tabular data – including, for example, machine learning datasets, server logs and genomic datasets. Superior compression ratios are achieved by exploiting dependencies between the fields (or "features") in the dataset. The algorithm compresses the records w.r.t. a probabilistic graphical model – specifically an optimized forest, where each feature is a node. The work extends a method known as a Chow-Liu tree by incorporating a more accurate correction term to the cost function, which corresponds to the size required to describe the model itself. Additional features of the algorithm are efficient coding of the metadata (such as probability distributions), as well as data relabeling in order to cope with large datasets and alphabets. We test the algorithm on several datasets, and demonstrate an improvement in the compression rates of between 2X and 5X compared to gzip. The larger improvements are observed for very large datasets, such as the Criteo click prediction dataset which was published as part of a recent Kaggle competition.


American cabotage laws are part of a protectionist shelter for the U.S. sea transport industry. In spite of subsidies, ownership restrictions, flag requirements, and construction standards, American-flag merchant marine and domestic coastwise trade has withered over this century. These government measures, which were originally designed to promote and support a merchant marine for military purposes, have failed to create the thriving private sea carriage business which they sought. In fact, the industrial policy goal of supporting this U.S. industry has also clearly failed, with little intercoastal sea trade actually occurring at this time. Assuming that there is an appropriate way to meet the defense needs of this country without resorting to economic protectionism, cabotage laws and shipbuilding subsidies have no more place in this economy than colonial land grants and Marxist management techniques. Unfortunately, they have become such an integral part of the transportation sector that they cannot be swept away by a simple repeal without doing great damage to parts of the country's economy. To eliminate the pre-industrial relic that is the American cabotage regime requires considering in advance the effects of doing so. The laws which generally guide commerce and enterprise in this nation must also be assessed. This paper outlines the American cabotage laws and briefly considers their limits on U.S. shipping. It then analyzes how their repeal would affect five American legal regimes: the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, the National Labor Relations Act of 1947, the Longshoreman and Harborworkers Act, Section 33 of the Jones Act, and the United States immigration laws. With each, the paper recommends legislative amendments needed to accompany the Act's repeal to ensure as smooth a transition as possible between protectionism and economic growth.


This short paper provides an overview of some of Richard Thaler's research findings and applications to the field of financial planning.


German utility Kraftwerke Mainz-Wiesbaden is commissioning a new gas fired combined cycle power plant, designed to meet its power, heat and process steam load. With a net efficiency of over 58 per cent and a high fuel utilization factor, the plant will be one of the cleanest and most efficient power plants in Germany.


Abstract: This minireview highlights the scope of 4-πphotocyclizations (photoinduced electrocyclizations that involve 4 pi electrons and generate bicyclic cyclobutenes from 1,3-dienes), including an overview of the historical progressions as well as recent developments. A range of 1,3-diene substrates is covered, including cycloheptatrienes, tropones, tropolones, cyclic 1,3-dienes, 2-pyrones, 2-pyridones, pyrimidines, 1,2-dihydropyridines and 1,2-dihydropyridazines. The bicyclic cyclobutene products formed through the photocyclizations are highly versatile synthetic intermediates, and examples of the application of these building blocks in the context of synthetic methodology development, natural product synthesis, medicinal chemistry and materials chemistry are featured throughout.


The dual-active-bridge (DAB) converter has extended its use due to the important features that make it suitable for a wide range of applications. The Solid-State Transformer (SST) in Smart Transformer (ST) application uses the DAB converter as the core of the system. One of the most important features is reactive power management because it allows the system to control the input voltage amplitude. In this paper, an ac/dc converter based on the DAB converter with reactive power management is described. The first stage is comprised of a synchronous rectifier, reducing the system complexity in comparison with its PWM rectifier counterpart. The DAB converter comprises the second stage and it draws or delivers current, allowing a low input current THD and variable power factor. The design procedure is shown as well as simulation results.