Limited research has been conducted to explore the mechanisms through which employee involvement affects organizational performance. This article furthers the research on the mechanisms by testing a new causal model based on the theoretical framework of high-involvement work systems. Based on data collected from a sample of civil servants in China, we used structural equation modeling to find that the direct effect of involvement practices on organizational performance is positive and statistically significant. However, the indirect path mediated by job satisfaction and organizational commitment are not statistically significant. In addition, we found that public service motivation exerts a positive and direct effect on organizational performance. PSM is more prominent than job commitment or satisfaction in motivating public employees to work towards organizational goals and to work harder. Points for practitioners Public managers should pay more attention to involving employees in management, which will not only improve organizational performance but also increase employees' job satisfaction and affective commitment. Involvement can take a variety of forms such as sharing information with subordinates, providing performance evaluation feedback, and involving employees in decision-making.


The chromogenic reaction of 2-[2-(6-chlorobenzothiazolyl) azo]-5-diethylamino benzoic acid (6-Cl-BTAEB) with nickel has been studied in detail. In the presence of sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS), nickel (Ⅱ) reacts with 6-Cl-BTAEB in a buffer solution of pH 4.5~7.6 HAc-NaAc and forms a stable 1:2 complex with blue-violent color. The absorption maximum of the complex lies at 650 nm with an apparent molar absorptivity of 1.59×l0^5L•mol^(-1) cm^(-1). Beer's law is obeyed in the range of 0~400 μg/L for Ni(superscript 2+). The proposed method has been applied to the direct determination of nickel in aluminum alloys and alloy steel. The results are in agreement with the certified values with precision of RSD<2% (n=6).


The invention discloses an unlocking system and a method for electronic equipment. The method comprises the steps as follows: receiving touch signals of a user on a front touch panel and a back touch panel of the electronic equipment; calculating touch sequence numbers of the user on the front touch panel and the back touch panel according to the touch signals on the front touch panel and the back touch panel; and removing the locking state of the electronic equipment when the touch sequence numbers are equal to preset unlocking sequence numbers. The unlocking system and the method can unlock the electronic equipment according to the double sided touch panels of the electronic equipment.


【Objective】 To evaluate the role of LFA-1(lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1) monoclonal antibody on chronic liver rejection in rats.【Methods】 After liver transplantations,the rats were randomly divided into tacrolimus group,LFA-1 monoclonal antibody group and tacrolimus+LFA-1 monoclonal antibody group.100 days after transplantations,the grafts were harvested for histological examination,and the score of chronic rejection was evaluated.At the same time,the hepatic function was measured.【Results】 The score of chronic rejection in tacrolimus+LFA-1 monoclonal antibody group was lower than that in tacrolimus group(P =0.004).The hepatic function has no significant difference(P 0.05).【Conclusions】 LFA-1 monoclonal antibody can prevent chronic allograft rejection in rat liver transplantation.


The paper presents data on the prospects for clinical use of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug Amelotex® (meloxicam) in patients with osteoarthrosis. It also gives the results of a study showing a good efficacy and tolerability of Amelotex® in patients with gonarthrosis.


A failure framework was used to code a sample of 100 recent amusement rides reported in the media and public record. Conventional analysis captures little data about amusement ride accidents; media reports include more. The paper describes the coding of the media dataset on the failure framework, and summarizes the factors mentioned in the sample of accident reports. Accident reports were seen to concentrate on a small number of factors mainly focused on consequences and categories of event rather than on detailed consideration of precursors on the causal chain. Investigations do not explain how rider or operator error was produced or why it was not intercepted, nor do they consider human performance as a precursor of device failure. Future research will include interventions using the framework to increase awareness of human factors principles as accident precursors, and to aid investigators to capturing greater depth of information about the failure sequences.


ABSTRACT The demand for instant nutritious functional foods has been on the rise, due to the increase in the incidence of lifestyle diseases. A dried phytochemical-rich instant soup, developed using a variety of vegetables, may be an attractive food for health-conscious consumers. Therefore, this study aimed at using response surface methodology to develop an instant vegetable soup rich in fiber and phytochemicals, whilst with reduced salt. The independent variables were a green leafy vegetable cocktail, sweet potato flour and pumpkin flour; and the dependent variables were total phenolics and the color of the soup. The soup was acceptable, with an improved in-vitro antioxidant activity, increased β- carotene content, 18 g fiber, 7.74 g proteins, 51.73 g carbohydrates and 1.3 g sodium per 100 g soup powder. The major flavonoid in the soup was catechin, whilst the phenolic acids; ferulic acid, caffeic acid, ellagic acid and luteolin were present in relatively high amounts in the soup. Ellagic acid content in soup was similar to that of strawberry, whilst caffeic acid was lower than levels noted in apples. The developed soup with different vegetables can be of benefit with various phenolic compounds and other phytonutrients.


The product of ideological and political education is a kind of special spiritual "service", with the social demand and the market demand together, the social demand is the core, while the market demand is the foundation. To satisfy these two kinds of demands efficiently, the society needs to invest enough tangible cost in it, and the ideological and political educators need to devote a flood of intangible cost, which characterizes creative labors.


Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT_PCR) was applied to diagnose hog cholera (HC). The result showed that 84 of 135 clinical samples from different places in Guangxi were positive, the rate of positive was 62.2 %. The samples of tonsils and lymph nodes that were collected from healthy pigs from Baise and Liuzhou have been detected. Among 276 tonsil samples of healthy pigs, 37 samples were positive, the rate of positive was 13.4 %. But only one lymph node sample of healthy pig from Yongning indicated positive. In which the samples of tonsil from healthy pigs showed higher rate of positive, 35 of 246 tonsil samples were positive. The rate of positive was 14.2 %. According to the results, RT_PCR is an useful method that can be applied to diagnose HC clinically.


The structure, principles and features of piston nonlubricated air compressor and screw air compressor were introduced. After adopting screw air compressor, maintain cost is decreased. Noise is reduced and working environment is improved.


The article is devoted to the problem of defining the concept ideologem which is extremely meaningful for modern Linguistics, including political linguistics. We try to prove the possibility of considering ideologem as a special type of multi-layer concept, in the structure of which ideologically marked conceptual. Furthermore this article attempts to classify ideologem on different grounds.


We consider an electronic energy transfer from a semiconductor quantum wire to an organic material and discuss the dependence of the energy transfer time on the configuration parameters


Chapter 1 Foreword Chapter 2 Introduction: Hard Choices Chapter 3 Getting Smart on Iran Chapter 4 The Dangers of Deterrence Chapter 5 Getting Outreach Right Chapter 6 The Economics of Confronting Iran Chapter 7 Activating the Human Rights Dimension Chapter 8 The Limits of Allied Action Chapter 9 Counter proliferation Challenges Chapter 10 Planning for Conflict


According to Kadanoff, self-organized criticality (SOC) implies the operation of a feedback mechanism that ensures a steady state in which the system is marginally stable against a disturbance. Here, we extend this idea and propose a picture according to which SOC relies on a non-linear feedback of the order parameter on the control parameter(s), the amplitude of this feedback being tuned by the spatial correlation length ξ. The self-organized nature of the criticality stems from the fact that the limit ξ↦+∞ is attracting the non-linear feedback dynamics. It is applied to known self-organized critical systems such as "sandpile" models as well as to a simple dynamical generalization of the percolation model. Using this feedback mechanism, it is possible in principle to convert standard "unstable" critical phase transitions into self-organized critical dynamics, thereby enlarging considerably the number of models presenting SOC. These ideas are illustrated on the 2D Ising model and the values of the various "avalanche" exponents are expressed in terms of the static and dynamic Ising critical exponents.


Confucianism should be viewed in broader perspectives, in perspectives of sociology, economics, religeology, anthropology, etc. The core of veligeous belief in Confucianism is "respecting divinity and following the examples of ancestry." With the social development and changes in political situation in China, the view regarding religeon as something western has changed. Under monarchical system, Confucianism enjoyed unique privileges and there was a high degree of unity between divine and monarchical rights.


A one week visit was undertaken to the Fertilizer Advisory, Development and Information Network (FADINAP)/ Network of Fertilizer Information Systems (NFIS) National Cooperating Centre (NCC) for Viet Nam, the Information Centre for Food and Agriculture Industry (ICAFI), under the Ministry of Agriculture. The present situation concerning computer resources in Viet Nam was studied together with the state of fertilizer information dissemination services. Training was given in the use of the FADINAP/NFIS database, FADI, running on micro CDS/ISIS (Computerized Documentation Service/Integrated Set of Information Systems) and recommendations were made relating to the exploitation of the FADINAP/NFIS data, including the holding of workshops to promote the use of the FADINAP/NFIS information. (Author's abstract).


This paper discusses the post randomisation method (PRAM) as a method for disclosure control. PRAM protects the privacy of respondent by misclassifying specific variables before data are released to researchers outside the statistical agency. Two variants of the initial idea of PRAM are discussed concerning the information about the misclassification that is given along with the released data. The first variant concerns calibration probabilities and the second variant concerns misclassification proportions. The paper shows that the distinction between the univariate case and multivariate case is important. Additionally, the paper discusses two measures for disclosure risk when PRAM is applied.


Y3+–Mg2+ pairs were incorporated into the Ca3Sc2Si3O12 for Ca2+–Sc3+ sites to investigate their structural and optical properties systematically, their potential applications in white light-emitting diodes, as well as the coexistent shrinkage effects of the first sphere and the second sphere based on the Rietveld refinement analysis of X-ray diffraction data. Due to the substitution of Y3+–Mg2+, an obvious red shift of the emission occurs. CIE chromaticity coordinates, quantum efficiency as well as thermal stability suggest that this double substitution is an efficient way to tune the luminescence properties of phosphors. The white LED devices were also successfully fabricated which demonstrates that such a kind of double substitution will be a promising way to broaden the applications of phosphors in advanced lighting in the future.


A new parametric mode in a Josephson tunnel junction biased in the zero‐voltage mode is suggested. It is a nondegenerate parametric excitation where the junction plasma resonance represents the input circuit, and a junction geometrical resonance represents the idler circuit. This nondegenerate mode has been observed in analog experiments. In a real junction the realization of this mode of operation depends on the coupling between the plasma resonance and the geometrical resonance, and it is argued that without an external dc magnetic field the even geometrical resonances are most favorable for such a coupling.


The present study was conducted to screen out six rice genotypes including two course and four fine advanced varieties against Coleopterous insect rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (L.) under laboratory conditions. Weighing 100g sample of each genotype in plastic jars having capacity of 250g. Thirty adult insects of rice weevil, reared in laboratory were released in each jar. Quantitative losses as weight loss, percent damaged grains, progeny development and frass weight was recorded after 90 days of storage at 28oC, 32oC and 35oC. Percentage damage grains, adult emergence and frass weight was significantly high at 32, 28 and 35°C respectively. Maximum infestation in case of percentage damaged grains recorded in course genotype KSK-133(20.58%) and Basmati515(16.90%) followed by Basmati-2006(13.033%), and Super Basmati (12.433%) at 28°C. In a similar way but minimum weight loss (0.5%) was observed in KSK-282 at 35°C and (1%) in Basmati-2006 at 32oC. Overall, low resistance level with highest insect development was counted in KSK-133 (114), (101), (86) and Basmati-515(85), (90), (64.3) at 32, 35 and 28°C respectively. But under similar conditions Basmati-385(53), (43), (42) showed resistance in insect multiplication. Findings should be incorporate in breeding programme and can also be helpful in post-harvest storage.


In Europe development of boilers and steam turbines for plant operating at temperatures in excess of 700°C is being carried out within the EU supported AD700 project. This collaborative project involves all of the major European power plant manufacturers supported by utilities and research institutes. The first phase of the project began in 1998 and has been extended to run until the end of 2003. A second phase began in 2002 and runs until the end of 2005, although it is hoped this phase will also be extended to allow the continuation of longer term creep tests. The objective is the development of all technology necessary for the construction and operation of such plant. This paper describes the development of the high temperature materials technology essential to underpin the development of the AD700 power plant technology. It describes the factors influencing alloy design and selection and the scope and results of investigations on candidate alloys carried out within the project. It then goes on to describe the programme of full-scale prototype component manufacture which is currently in progress. These prototype components are being characterised through extensive long term testing programmes. The development of joining procedures for these materials is also described.


Model Predictive Control is a control strategy which can be used for ships guidance and trajectory tracking problems. Linear multidimensional MPC controller is used to control the transversal, longitudinal and rotational velocities of a ship. Control system based on the MPC algorithms is robust to wind disturbances and thus can be used in real sailing conditions. It is proved by the computer simulations results and described in detail in this publication. Whole control system was designed and simulation studies were carried out on the basis of the real floating training ship model. A Model Predictive Controller synthesis steps, including linearization of the nonlinear ship model in the vicinity of operating point, are shown.


The study tried to use the empirical methods to figure out the relationship between associational strategy and the creativity. It is proved that:(1) the students' creativity can be improved through associational strategy training;and (2) contrast to traditional education means, associational strategy is a more effective way to improve the students' creativity.


From the perspective of knowledge push,it is very necessary to understand the connotation of knowledge service of personnel archives in colleges and universities.In order to meet the needs of the development of the digitization,networking, personalization and specialization of the personnel archives in colleges and universities,we should increase the investment of hardware facilities,strengthen the construction of talents team and accelerate the process of networking and construct knowledge service platform.We should also explore the operation mode to meet the needs of the society′s growing demand for knowledge services and achieve the proper value of the personnel archives in colleges and universities.


Disclosed is a protective case for disc-shaped recording medium such as compact discs, diskettes and the like. The protective case consists of an originally flat blank made of paper, cardboard, synthetic material or a similar sheet-shaped, partially flexible material, which is divided into several sections (10, 12, 14). Said sections can be folded along folding edges (18, 20, 22) in order to form a jacket (36) for the disc-shaped recording medium and can be closed by a cover (16) formed by an additional foldable section. The blank has a length/width ratio of approximately 3 to 1. The folding edges between the reverse side (10) and the front side (12) and a longitudinal side of the blank enclose an acute angle ( alpha ). The same angle ( beta ) is formed between the folding edge in-between the closing strip and the front side (12) and the other folding edge. Both folding edges (18, 20) comprise one common point of intersection in a longitudinal side of the blank.


Aiming at problems of present charging system on highway construction item in our nation,this article discusses about factor influence the charging standard,it also analyzes influences of the charging standard on financial affairs of highway construction item,proposes the function relationship between some factors and charging standard,so as to improve the reliability of financial evaluation for highway construction item.


Synopsis. The elasmobranchs represent a fascinating series of experiments in the evolution of maternal support for developing embryos. In oviparous species, eggs are enclosed in a tough, fibrous capsule. The capsule is very permeable and the embryonic tissues are bathed in a solution ionically similar to sea water within hours of oviposition. In the primitively viviparous species Squalus acanthias, early embryos in egg capsules are retained in utero and are bathed in a solution similar to maternal plasma. Several months into the 22 month gestation period the embryos are capable of independent iono- and osmoregulation in a uterine solution that resembles sea water. Embryos of more advanced viviparous species develop in a solution that is similar to maternal plasma. Iono- and osmoregulation by these embryos would appear to be minimal. It is clear that in the oviparous elasmobranchs, the ability of the egg/embryo to maintain salts and urea at appropriate levels is present at the earliest stage of development. The ability of prenatal elasmobranch embryos to iono- and osmoregulate would allow the evolution of a diverse array of reproductive strategies in the elasmobranchs.


A lot has been written about the interest rates and about discounting processes. Unfortunately, a formal approach still dominates. Any trials of visualization are extremely rare. To fill the existing gaps it has been shown that the simple discounting process is equivalent to the perspective projection. As a hypothesis only, the same can be repeated for the more complex case of the compounding process.


15 The integration of surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) with droplet microfluidics has the 16 potential to improve our understanding of cellular systems. Herein, we present the first 17 application of SERS droplet microfluidics for single cell analysis. A microfluidic device was 18 used to encapsulate single prostate cancer cells and wheat germ agglutin (WGA) functionalized 19 SERS nanoprobes in water-in-oil droplets that were subsequently locked into a storage droplet 20 array for spectroscopic investigation. The stationary droplets enabled the rapid identification of 21 SERS regions of interest in live cancer cells by allowing collection of "fast" coarse maps over an 22 area of several mm followed by "slower" detailed interrogation of the identified hotspots. We 23 demonstrate SERS at cellular resolution via a proof-of-concept assay that detects glycan 24 expression on the surface of prostate cancer cells using WGA modified metallic nanoparticles. 25 The data illustrates the potential of SERS optofluidic systems for high-throughput cell screening 26 and illustrates a previously unobserved high degree of cell-to-cell variability in the size and 27 number of glycan islands. 28 29 Introduction 30 Over the past decade, it has become increasingly clear that the genetic and phenotypic 31 characterization of cell populations at the single cell level is a key consideration of fundamental 32 biology research and cell screening. Single-cell droplet microfluidics, combining microfluidic 33 technologies with analytical spectroscopies, presents an exciting opportunity to understand cell34 to-cell variability. Significant developments have been made in single-cell -omics to the point 35 that digital droplet polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) instruments are now commercially 36 available. A smaller fraction of the literature has focused on analyzing the behavior of single 37 cells encapsulated in droplets, from metabolite profiling to growth monitoring. Droplet 38 microfluidics enables the production of thousands of individual microreactors in the form of 39 surfactant stabilized emulsions, which are not subject to 'memory effects' or the adhesion of 40 colloid/analyte conjugates within the microfluidic device. The generation of nanoto femto-liter 41 droplets for live cell studies is typically achieved by entraining aqueous droplets in 42 perfluorochemical (PFC) oils that have a very high gas solubility and thus allow for oxygen 43 exchange. Past studies have shown that organisms can be kept alive in droplets for several 44 days. 45 Surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is a well-established technique that can be 46 used for the detection of trace levels of metals, toxins, pesticides, DNA, proteins, pathogens, and 47 eukaryotic cells. SERS is particularly well suited for bioanalytical applications because it is 48 non-destructive and non-invasive and it provides high molecular specificity and spatial 49 resolution. Importantly, fresh tissues and cells can be interrogated with minimal prior 50 preparation because of the weak Raman signal of water molecules. Additionally, SERS has 51 nearly infinite multiplexing capacity and, unlike fluorescence, tag degradation is not a concern. 52 The integration of SERS with droplet microfluidics has been demonstrated for the detection of 53 crystal violet, potassium ferricyanide, the pharmaceuticals promethazine and mitoxantrone, 54 Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and eukaryotic cell lysate. Using online 55 interrogation (i.e., the collection of SERS spectra from moving droplets), these applications 56 achieved very high-throughput, but collected only one or two spectra per droplet. A benefit of 57 using SERS that was not exploited in these prior studies is the production of high resolution 58 maps. To that end, a different implementation of droplet microfluidics, as popularized by the 59 dropspot device, was used whereby a chamber array was used to keep isolated droplets 60 stationary during SERS interrogation. 61 In this study, we combine droplet microfluidics with SERS to study cell-to-cell and 62 intracellular variability in the expression of glycans on the cell membrane. Cell membrane 63 carbohydrates are an important oncology target because their overexpression by cancerous 64 cells, relative to healthy cells, can provide an early indication of cancer. Previously, we 65 demonstrated that the glycan N-acetyl neuraminic (sialic) acid expressed by cancerous prostate 66 (PC3) cells can be targeted using the lectin wheat germ agglutinin (WGA). This glycan 67 detection assay was selected for three main reasons: first, the sialic acid residues (target) are 68 abundant on the cell membrane; second, the attachment of the recognition element (lectin) to 69 gold nanoparticles via streptavidin-biotin chemistry is a robust and rapid functionalization 70 method; and, finally, the use of a reporter molecule underscores the potential of this technique to 71 be used for multiplex detection. The use of an established assay allowed us to focus this study 72 on the development of an integrated microfluidic system and the associated analysis algorithms. 73 The two major outcomes of this work are the demonstration of the ability to probe the contents 74 of stationary droplets over a variety of scales and the first application of whole cell imaging 75 using SERS microfluidics. 76 Materials and Methods 77 Device Design and Preparation. Microfluidic devices were fabricated using standard photo78 and soft-lithography techniques, as previously described. Briefly, master templates with a final 79 resist thickness of 50 μm were produced on silicon wafers using SU8 photoresist (3000 series, 80 MicroChem, US) following the manufacturer's protocol. The resist was exposed through a 81 photomask (JD Photo-Tools, UK) to UV light and was developed in Micro-Posit EC solvent 82 (Rohm and Haas, US). Finally, the wafer surface was silanized by vapor deposition of 83 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctyltrichlorosilane (Sigma Aldrich, UK) for 1 hour. 84 Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) was poured onto the silicon master at a 10:1 (w:w) ratio of base 85 to curing agent, degassed in a vacuum desiccator chamber, and cured at 80 °C for at least 2 86 hours. The PDMS devices were then peeled from the mold, cut to the desired size, and holes 87 were punched using 1 mm biopsy punches to obtain inlet and outlet ports. Devices were cleaned 88 and irreversibly bonded to glass microscope slides using oxygen plasma and subsequently treated 89 with undiluted Aquapel (PPG Industries) to obtain fluorophilic microchannel surfaces. 90 Nanoparticle Synthesis and Functionalization. Sodium citrate (final concentration 3.88 91 mM) was added to 100 mL of boiling 1 mM tetrachloroauric acid under vigorous mixing 92 conditions. The reaction was allowed to run until the solution color changed to wine red, 93 indicating completion. Gold nanoparticles were functionalized in 5 mL batches and were pH 94 adjusted to circumneutral using 0.1 M potassium carbonate. Next, 2 μM of malachite green 95 isothiocyanate (MGITC), a strong SERS dye with a distinct finger print, was used to pre96 aggregate gold colloid. The colloid was coated with 0.1 mg/mL streptavidin, and it was then 97 mixed with 2% BSA to quench further aggregation. After > 30 minutes, the colloid was 98 centrifuged and biotin functionalized wheat germ agglutinin (WGA; Sigma-Aldrich, UK) was 99 added to the nanoparticle pellet at a concentration of 0.17 mg per mL colloid. Following 100 overnight incubation, the nanoprobes were washed three times with 1% BSA in PBS. The local 101 surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of the probes was between 530 nm and 533 nm as 102 determined by UV-vis and the particle size (z-average) of the probes in 1% BSA was ~130 nm 103 with a polydispersity index between 0.5 and 0.6 as determined by dynamic light scattering 104 (Malvern Nano-ZS, Malvern, UK). 105 Cell Preparation. Tumourigenic (PC-3) human prostate epithelial cell lines were 106 cultured in RPMI 1640 Medium supplemented with HEPES, 10% fetal calf serum, 1% penicillin, 107 1% streptomycin, and 1% fungizone (Gibco, UK). Cells were grown to confluence in an 108 incubator at 37 °C with 5% CO2 and then harvested with trypsin/EDTA. Solutions containing 10 6 109 cells/mL were used for microfluidic experiments to favor single cell encapsulation events. The 110 Poisson distribution dictates that in passive cell encapsulation the majority of droplets generated 111 are empty with between 5% to 37% of the droplets containing cells. 112 Device Loading. Microfluidic devices were connected to 1 mL syringes via 113 polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) tubing (Cole Parmer). Syringe pumps were used to vary the fluid 114 flow rates between 0.16 and 0.21 mL/hour to produce droplets of the appropriate size at the T115 junction. The continuous phase was FC-40 (3M Company) fluorinated oil with 2 wt% block 116 copolymer fluorosurfactant (designed by the Weitz Group at Harvard and supplied by RAN 117 Biotechnologies, catalogue# 008-FluoroSurfactant, Beverly, MA, USA). The dispersed phase 118 was a solution of phosphate buffered saline (PBS) or phenol-free media containing cells that had 119 been incubated with nanoprobes and subsequently washed. 120 SERS Spectroscopy. Two different instruments were used to collect data. All glycan 121 island data was collected with an inverted Renishaw InVia system (Renishaw, Wolton-under122 Edge, UK) employing a 633 nm wavelength excitation laser, 1200 g/mm grating, 20× objective 123 (N.A. 0.40) with incident power of 1 mW and a 0.1 second per pixel collection time. SERS at 124 scale data was also collected with the same Renishaw instrument and a WITec Alpha 300R 125 confocal microscope (WITec, Ulm, Germany) in an upright set-up employing a 633 nm 126 wavelength excitation laser and a 300 g/mm. The SERS at scale data was collected at several 127 different magnification and collection times as outlined i


For students, the individual dialogue-based session with the VT provides the possibility to apply the knowledge acquired in combination with indirect assessment. The VT was further embedded in the web-based online learning environment. The application of expert systems makes it possible to use different knowledge representation and explanation approaches. Independent from the course content, the web-based online learning environment gives support to the students in various ways, such as tools for asynchronous and synchronous communication and collaboration, a search facility within a background library, and so forth.


On 4 / X 1962, in the assembly hall of the Kazan Medical Institute, a conference of doctors from Kazan was held, convened by the city health department and the Council of Scientific and Medical Societies of the TASSR, dedicated to the results of the VIII International Cancer Congress.


The taxonomic status of the monobasic genus Cacoplox Hull, 1970 is discussed and confirmed after comparison with species of Notoschistus Bowden, 1985. The genotype and the type species C. griseatus Hull, 1970 are redescribed. An identification key to separate these two genera is also presented. Cacoplox griseatus is recorded for the first time from Argentina. It was previously known only from Chile, always at altitudes higher than 3,000 meters.


High-resolution IUE spectra of Sk 160, the optical counterpart of the X-ray source SMC X-1, show substantial variations with orbital phase of the resonance P Cygni profiles. These variations are ascribed to the changing ionization state in the stellar wind caused by the X-rays emitted by the companion, as suggested by Hatchett and McCray and first established for the galactic X-ray binary Vela X-1. Furthermore, the profile observed during X-ray eclipse differs significantly from profiles of similar stars in the absence of X-ray ionization.


This paper suggests an efficient reachability analysis method of bounded petri nets. Reachability analysis is a fundamental basis for studying the dynamic properties of any discrete event systems. However, it takes at least exponential execution time and memory space to verify in general petri nets. That is, state space explosion problem may occur. In this paper, we attack problems of previous approaches - state space explosion and restrictions to applicable petri net classes - by formulating the reachability problem as set operation over structural relations among places on an unfolding.


FIELD: physics. SUBSTANCE: frame for glasses comprises the first and second sides, every of which is arranged in the form of shell half with provision of possibility to rotate them by means of the first and second hinge, which are connected to frontal part of frame and/or with at least one lens. At that sides may be joined to each other forming shell, in which frontal part of frame and/or at least one lens are temporarily placed. EFFECT: it is possible to take away the frame for glasses quickly and to store it without application of additional elements for their protection against damage. 23 cl, 14 dwg


IFNb has been the ®rst drug approved for the treatment of multiple sclerosis patients, but we still lack a full understanding of the mechanisms underlying its clinical effects and the great variability of its therapeutic ef®cacy among different patients. Serum levels of the anti-in ̄ammatory cytokine IL-1 receptor antagonist increase after IFNb administration in MS patients. We now report that IFNb induced IL-1ra mRNA and mature protein in three myelomonocytic cell lines. The induction of IL-1ra was already visible after 2 h of stimulation and persisted at least for 24 h. The amounts of induced IL-1ra were equal or higher than those obtained using other IL-1ra stimuli (LPS, IL-1b, IFNg, IL-4, dexamethasone). This prolonged and quantitatively elevated induction of IL1ra may contribute to the anti-in ̄ammatory effect of IFNb and partially account for the reduction of exacerbation rate shown in most IFNb-treated MS patients. Journal of NeuroVirology (2000) 6, S33 ± S37.


The effect of physical activity on the risk of developing knee osteoarthritis (OA) is unclear. We undertook this study to examine the relationship between recreational physical activity and incident knee OA outcomes using comparable physical activity and OA definitions.


(57) Abstract: i) dispersed throughout the powder stream in a high speed mixer having 2 to 30 seconds detergent active paste residence time, ii) medium-speed mixer / Agurome having less than 2 minutes aggregates residence time formed in craters (if may be added finely ground powder by), iii) continuous dry and / or granular detergent composition or component having a high bulk density than 650 g / l, characterized by cooling process. Granular detergent compositions which have excellent solubility with respect to the prepared and in particular dispensing and dissolution rate by this method is also described.


It is very difficult to prepare Sm–Co ferromagnetic film with perpendicular anisotropy, though RE–TM ferrimagnetic films with perpendicular anisotropy are well prepared (RE: rare earth, TM: transition metal). Because of the exceptional magnetic properties of Sm–Co magnetic film as magnetic recording media, we studied to prepare Sm–Co magnetic film with perpendicular magnetization. Films were deposited by a magnetron RF sputtering onto glass substrates (Tsub=80∼-100°C) and with a bias voltage (Vb=-60∼-80 V). The magnetic hysteresis loops, polar Kerr hysteresis loops and torque curves of this film are characterized by a uniaxial perpendicular anisotropy.


International diffusion of wireless telecommunication and mobile e-commerce has increased since the height of the Internet economy, however, there are a number of different managerial, technological and interpretative issues that still require a more careful look by marketing science and information systems researchers. In this research, we put forward a new theoretical perspective to enable policy makers to better understand states of digital wireless phone diffusion and factors that affect their diffusion rates. We use a modified Bass model and a coupled-hazard survival model to test the effects of country environmental factors, digital and analog wireless phone industry environmental factors, and technology policy factors on the speed of diffusion. The results show that multiple standards and high prices slow down the digital wireless phone diffusion process from the introduction state to the partial diffusion state. Competition in both analog and digital wireless phone industry also shapes the growth of digital wireless phone diffusion. In addition, different practices of technology policies influence the digital wireless phone diffusion speed especially during the take-off.


The following chapter tackles the nonparametric identification and the state estimation for uncertain chaotic systems by the dynamic neural network approach. The developed algorithms consider the presence of additive noise in the state, for the case of identification, and in the measurable output, for the state estimation case. Mathematical model of the chaotic system is considered unknown, only the chaotic behavior as well as the maximal and minimal bound for each one of state variables are taking into account in the algorithm. Mathematical analysis and simulation results are presented. Application considering the so-called electronic Chua's circuit is carried out; particularly a scheme of information encryption by the neural network observer with a noisy transmission is showed. Formal mathematical proofs and figures, illustrate the robustness of proposed algorithms mainly in the presence of noises with high magnitude. DOI: 10.4018/978-1-61520-737-4.ch003


Bans on the sale of tobacco products in pharmacies allow pharmacies to provide health information and services without the conflict of interest posed by concurrent tobacco sales. As health care providers, pharmacies are trusted sources of information for patients. The existence of tobacco products in pharmacies is contrary to their mission as a health care entity. By May 2012, a full 27 Massachusetts municipalities had banned the sale of tobacco products in health care institutions, including pharmacies. These bans covered 30% of the state's population. Key teaching points: • Pharmacies play a key role in dispensing health advice.• Pharmacies are the only remaining health care institutions in Massachusetts that continue to sell tobacco.• Tobacco products in pharmacies send a conflicting message and are likely to discourage smokers who are trying to quit.• Bans on the sale of tobacco in pharmacies enjoy broad support in Massachusetts.• No legal challenges or compliance problems relating to banning the sale of tobacco in pharmacies have been reported in Massachusetts.


The present paper is an attempt to investigate the critical factors that affect the capital structure of forty Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in India. The research study was performed from five year plan 2011 to five year plan 2017. Four different economic sectors (Information Technology, Infrastructure and Automobile) have been considered for the present research. The study examines the effect of factors under study on the capital structure across all given sectors. The management environment was found to relate to all types of capital structure performance. Panel Data regression analysis was performed by applying Statistical package STATA. It reveals that firm size has been emerged as major determinant that affects capital structure of Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises under study. The present results indicate that the MSMEs with sound liquidity positions, exercising the practice of paying high dividends and fall under high tax brackets do not largely depend upon debt financing. The conclusions of this study confirm asset structure came out as the least influenced factor that affect capital structure of MSMEs.


The key challenge of selective inhibition sintering process is to select optimal process parameters to fabricate parts with desired dimensions. Heater power, layer thickness, heater feed rate, roller feed rate, and bed temperature are considered as candidate factors to optimise by using RSM. Face centred composite was employed to plan the experimental design with five factors-three levels. The experiments are performed on polyamide (PA12) material through by a novel SIS process. ANOVA was used to verify the adequacy of the developed models. Experimental results revealed that mechanical properties of fabricated parts increased with the decrease in heater power, layer thickness and with the increase in heater feed rate, roller feed rate. The microstructure evaluation was also performed to justify the surface morphology. Comparative study like sensitivity analysis is carried out to measure the impact of process parameters on mechanical properties and the obtained results are validated to select optimal parameters.


A beam dump transfer line (Main Beam Dump TL) has been designed to transport the electrons from each FERMI radiator to the beam dump. The line matches the e-beam optics from the end of the undulator chains of FEL1 and FEL2 for all photon wavelengths and polarizations required by the FERMI project. The transfer line is also equipped with different types of instrumentation to characterize the beam in terms of emittance, energy spread and jitter of the electron bunches and so demands a flexible optics interchangeable between measurements and normal operations. The line may also accommodate a coherent infrared source with particular requirements on the optics. The beam optics, the line design, and the various operating modes will be presented and discussed.


Objectives The primary objective of this study was to investigate the feasibility of using niosomes as a delivery vehicle for the dermal administration in vitro of black tea extract (BTE) as a sunscreen.


This paper presents a smart battery charger based on the cascaded boost-buck converter supplied by a photovoltaic (PV) panel. This topology offers a great advantage since it operates in boost mode when the battery voltage is higher than the PV output voltage and operates in buck mode when the battery voltage is lower than the PV voltage output. Due to the presence of inductances at input and output of the cascaded boost-buck converter, the currents across the PV panel and the battery presented very low ripples. In this work, the control of the two converters is simplified since they are driven simultaneously within a same duty cycle. This reduces the implementation cost and complexity. The proposed battery charger operates intelligently; depending on the sun irradiance level and the battery state of charge, the algorithm automatically switches to maximum power point tracking mode, constant current mode, constant voltage mode, or floating charging mode. To verify the overall operation of the system, numerical simulations are performed for two battery voltage levels and including the different phases of charges. According to the obtained good results, the suggested smart charger can be inserted as battery management device in PV energy system.


Methods and systems are provided for accelerating EGR deflation in a hybrid vehicle during operational transitions, such as releasing the accelerator pedal to lower load conditions. In response to a decreasing engine torque request, fueling to the engine is deactivated and an engine is used to rotate the engine without fueling until a desired LP EGR rate is achieved. Alternatively, engine operation with EGR deactivated is continued until the desired LP EGR rate is reached and the excess engine torque generated is stored in a system battery.


A hybrid–hybrid relaxation rate matrix refinement of 3D NOESY–NOESY data was tested by simulated refinement calculations on a dodecamer duplex DNA structure. 'Experimental' 3D data sets were generated from the known target structure for the simulated refinement. Theoretical 3D NOE–NOE spectra were then calculated from several model‐built structures. By scaling, the simulated experimental 3D data were merged with the theoretical 3D data to create a hybrid 3D NOESY–NOESY data set. This was then deconvoluted into a partial 2D hybrid volume matrix. The deconvoluted 2D hybrid NOESY data were then merged with the simulated 2D NOESY data (and, if available, additional experimental 2D data) to create a hybrid–hybrid 2D NOE volume matrix. Experimental 2D NOE data are not required for such a calculation. The hybrid–hybrid 2D data set was then used in an established 2D relaxation matrix procedure (MORASS) to produce distance constraints for restrained molecular dynamics refinement. The theoretical 3D data set and the model were refined in each iteration until agreement was obtained between the experimental and theoretical 3D NOESY–NOESY data sets. Two simulated 3D NOESY–NOESY data sets of the dodecamer duplex with 20% and 50% integration errors were used for refinement, containing 1667 and 1472 3D cross peaks, respectively. A total of 478 and 481 2D cross peaks were generated by deconvolution of the two 3D data sets, respectively. A simulated 2D NOE data set with 359 cross peaks (20% integration error) was used for comparison. Refinement calculations from three different models using all three data sets showed that the deconvoluted 3D NOESY–NOESY data can provide accuracy and precision comparable to or even better than those from 2D NOESY data. Importantly, the 3D data reproduced the sequence‐specific variation in the helical parameters much better than the 2D data did. Computationally, this method does not require any significant increase in central processing unit time, storage or computer memory over the MORASS 2D protocol.


Rendering of point scatterer based radar scenes for millimeter wave (mmW) seeker tests in real-time hardware-in-the-loop (HWIL) scene generation requires efficient algorithms and vector-friendly computer architectures for complex signal synthesis. New processor technology from Intel implements an extended 256-bit vector SIMD instruction set (AVX, AVX2) in a multi-core CPU design providing peak execution rates of hundreds of GigaFLOPS (GFLOPS) on one chip. Real world mmW scene generation code can approach peak SIMD execution rates only after careful algorithm and source code design. An effective software design will maintain high computing intensity emphasizing register-to-register SIMD arithmetic operations over data movement between CPU caches or off-chip memories. Engineers at the U.S. Army Aviation and Missile Research, Development and Engineering Center (AMRDEC) applied two basic parallel coding methods to assess new 256-bit SIMD multi-core architectures for mmW scene generation in HWIL. These include use of POSIX threads built on vector library functions and more portable, highlevel parallel code based on compiler technology (e.g. OpenMP pragmas and SIMD autovectorization). Since CPU technology is rapidly advancing toward high processor core counts and TeraFLOPS peak SIMD execution rates, it is imperative that coding methods be identified which produce efficient and maintainable parallel code. This paper describes the algorithms used in point scatterer target model rendering, the parallelization of those algorithms, and the execution performance achieved on an AVX multi-core machine using the two basic parallel coding methods. The paper concludes with estimates for scale-up performance on upcoming multi-core technology.


In this paper,through the research of the static resource management system,the acquisition mode of resource data and the data processing,a set of complete system was formed and an information management for static resource was achieved.


Two physics‐based clutter models were developed for comparison and to study the merits and limitations of both approaches. The stochastic approach [Newhall and Arvelo, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 118, 2041 (2005)] makes use of perturbation theory, to relate the mean seafloor scattering strength to the mean surface wavenumber spectrum, and the extrapolation of this spectrum to the Bragg wavenumber to generate the clutter distribution from the seafloor roughness. The semi‐deterministic approach [Monjo and Arvelo, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 118, 2041 (2005)] is based on 2‐D power‐law fractal realizations of the ocean floor, coherent modal addition, and the microscale bathymetric slopes. Biologic scattering was later included where spatial distribution and nonstationarity of schools of fish and individual marine mammals are realistically represented [Frankel et al. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 119, 3437 (2006)] through individual‐based modeling of their movements, school size, and target strengths. Clutter distributions from both ap...


Objective To explore the effect of edaravone on cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2) expression of pancreatic tissues in severe acute pancreatitis(SAP) rats.Methods Sixty Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups of S(sham operated),SAP(SAP model control) and E(treated with edaravone 8 mg/kg at 0 h,6 h and 12 h after SAP model established).The ascites volume,serum amylase activity,COX-2 expression in pancreatc tissues and histopathological changes were determined at 24 h after operation.Results The COX-2 expression in pancreatc tissues,ascites volume,serum amylase activity and histopathological changes were significantly higher in group SAP than those in group S(P0.01),which were lower in group E than those in group SAP(P0.05).The COX-2 expression of pancreatc tissues was positively correlated to the ascites volume,serum amylase activity and histopathological changes(P0.05 or P0.01).Conclusion There is a high expression of COX-2 protein in pancreatc tissues in SAP rats,which can be down-regulated by edaravone with reduced damage of the pancreas.


A hexapod robot is a type of spider robot which uses six mechanical limbs for movements. It is more versatile than wheel robots and it can traverse many critical terrains areas. This robot has been designed to solve some critical problems which are manually very hard and risky for human beings. This robot can pass through any risky slope and terrain areas. It can climb any obstacle or object and balance on rough surfaces as well. By using suction cups, it can climb any buildings. This model has been improved for climbing techniques, camera system (360° view), walking angles and payload. SOC [System on Chip] has been used to control the camera for monitoring the affected earthquake area and give the information by video capturing footage. For instance, when the hexapod robot will climbing and walk through the affected earthquake areas, the camera will be capturing the affecting moment and broadcast by live streaming on YouTube with the help of the MQTT broker. This hexapod can carry the 20 lb load on its top of the body frame. Climbing over an obstacle has been improved for this hexapod model compared to other hexapods. Critical angle climbing is one of the most important improvements for this robot and it can walk smoothly near about 60° angles of the surfaces with a good balance. In risky areas, it can detect dark and light surfaces with the help of infrared sensors, as well as it can detect sound by using the sound sensor module and reach there for human safety purposes where an earthquake, fire incidents will occur. The robot was pragmatically assessed and above 85% efficiency for application, mechanism, and the system has been observed compared with other researches.


The objectives of this study were to determine the ability of a photobiological test to assess the anti-oxidanteffect of a nutritional supplement. The photoprotective effect of Glisodin® was studied by Minimal Erythematous Dose (MED) before and after treatment and its efficacy as a treatment of actinic erythema was assessed by biometrological measurements in 49 healthy subjects (10 phototypeII, 19 /III, 20/IV).


An experiment was conducted at Shambat Agricultural farm to study the effect of pesticides residues on soil and potatoplant. Potato was planted on January, 2009 on ridges with a spacing of 70 cm between rows and 10 cm between plants. Sevin and Malathion pesticides were added at different concentrations to evaluate their effect on the plant growth and soil. The measurement taken was plant height (cm), fresh and dry weight (gm), leaf area (cm2), pH, total nitrogen %, phosphorus (ppm), leaf number and size of tubers. The results revealed that both chemicals affected negatively the vegetative growth of potato and its yield. It was noticed that the yield was generally less due to the effect of the heavy clay soil of Shambat. Addition of Sevin increased the total soil nitrogen and reduced soil organic carbon while the reverse was noticed for Malathion. Both chemicals lowered soil pH, from alkaline to neutral or slightly alkaline. However, they increased soil salinity which in turn affected potato growth and yield.


Summary. A range of herbicides and combinations of herbicides were evaluated for controlling nutgrass (Cyperus rotundus L.) in 5 experiments in irrigated cotton in northern New South Wales. Control was assessed by comparing the density of tubers before and after treatment. Cotton lint yield and ginning percentage were also assessed. Combinations of herbicides, including 2,4-D, were evaluated in an additional experiment in fallow. Multiple in-crop applications of glyphosate reduced tuber density by up to 96% over 2 seasons. This was improved with successive applications of glyphosate. Nutgrass tuber density was also reduced when glyphosate was combined with norflurazon (96%), benfuresate (92%), fluometuron (84%) or EPTC (87%). Similar reductions in nutgrass density were observed with methazole, dimethenamid, atrazine, and the combination of norflurazon + MSMA. Treatments which reduced nutgrass density generally resulted in average or above-average lint yields. From these results, a strategy for controlling nutgrass in cotton can be developed using norflurazon preplanting, and multiple applications of glyphosate and/or MSMA in-crop.


This is a research on the impact of trade facilitation on agricultural products standard compliance in relation to Cameroon's export performance. The background and literature review was based on concepts like the Trade facilitation, Standards, Residual levels and agreement like the Trade Facilitation Agreement. Secondary data was used for this study, precisely a time series data. The OLS technique was used in the data analysis and the null hypothesis was rejected implying that Standards compliance has a positive relationship with Cocoa Export. Even though some initiatives in relation to Trade Facilitation have been implemented to raise these export volumes, a significant effort by the government needs to be addressed. Looking at the advantages of Trade Facilitation in the long run, it is worth necessary to neglect the high cost of its initial implementation and strive towards compliance. There were recommendations made in the areas of Trade Facilitation promotion and Standards compliance.


Piezoelectric microphones with out-of-plane directivity are introduced. Structures are comprised of circular diaphragms suspended on compliant circumferential springs and open to ambient at front and back sides. The springs contain thin piezoelectric films for integrated piezoelectric readout. Prototypes are presented in which diaphragm and springs are etched into a 10-μm-thick epitaxial Si layer with 800-nm-thick lead-zirconate-titanate films on the spring surface. Directivity and frequency response measurement confirm anticipated device functionality. A discussion of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) merits of the approach is presented, concluding that up to 20-dB SNR improvements may be possible beyond what is achievable with present state-of-the-art commercial microphones.


Background  Previous epidemiological studies of rural human populations in Gabon reveal a high prevalence of human hepatitis A, B, C and D viruses. In order to investigate the prevalence of the blood‐born hepatitis viruses in apes and monkeys living in the same area, we performed an epidemiological survey of HBV, HCV and HDV in wild‐born non‐human primates.


The Plain English Guide to the Clean Air Act provides a brief introduction to the 1990 Clean Air Act. This summary covers some of the important provisions of the 1990 Clean Air Act and may help you understand what is in the law and how it may affect you.


The punching shear behavior of slabs reinforced with high-strength steel reinforcement was studied and compared with that of slabs reinforced with conventional steel reinforcement. The high-strength steel selected for this research conforms to ASTM A1035-07. The influences of the flexural reinforcement ratio, concentrating the reinforcement in the immediate column region, and using steel fiber-reinforced concrete (SFRC) in the slab on the punching shear resistance, post-cracking stiffness, strain distribution, and crack control were investigated. In addition, the test results were compared with the predictions using various design codes. The use of high-strength steel reinforcement and SFRC increased the punching shear strength of slabs, and concentrating the top mat of flexural reinforcement showed beneficial effects on post-cracking stiffness, strain distribution, and crack control.


The explicit solutions to the two-dimensional Riemann problems in the angular region with angle α(0 ≤α≤π/2|) for linear hyperbolic systems with real constant coefficients are given.


Fine‐needle aspiration biopsy of spindled mesenchymal lesions, including schwannomas, are challenging because of overlapping cytomorphological features. The objective of the current study was to identify key diagnostic cytological criteria for the diagnosis of schwannoma and to distinguish it from its common mimics.


Cymbopogon citratus is a tropical phytomedicinal plant that is widely known for its hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, anxiolytic, sedative, antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, we have examined the neuroprotective effects of the essential oil (ESO) of Cymbopogon citratus, following aluminum chloride (AlCl3)-induced neurotoxicity within the cerebellum of Wistar rats. A total of 40 adult male Wistar rats were assigned into five groups and treated orally as follows: A–phosphate-buffered saline (1 ml daily for 15 days); B–ESO (50 mg/kg daily for 15 days); C–AlCl3 (100 mg/kg daily for 15 days); D–AlCl3 then ESO (100 mg/kg AlCl3 daily for 15 days followed by 50 mg/kg ESO daily for subsequent 15 days); E–ESO then AlCl3 (50 mg/kg ESO daily for 15 days followed by 100 mg/kg AlCl3 daily for following 15 days). To address our questions, we observed the locomotion and exploratory behavior of the rats in the open field apparatus and subsequently evaluated cerebellar oxidative redox parameters, neural bioenergetics, acetylcholinesterase levels, transferrin receptor protein, and total protein profiles by biochemical assays. Furthermore, we investigated cerebellar histomorphology and Nissl profile by H&E and Cresyl violet Nissl staining procedures. ESO treatment markedly attenuated deficits in exploratory activities and rearing behavior following AlCl3 toxicity, indicating its anxiolytic potentials. Additionally, AlCl3 evokedincrease in malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels, as well as repressed cerebellar catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase profiles were normalised to baseline levels by ESO treatment. Treatment with ESO, ergo, exhibits substantial neuroprotective and modulatory potentials in response to AlCl3 toxicity.


Mortality from the consequences of drug addiction and chronic alcohol intoxication and the health disorder associated with it constitute an increasingly significant proportion of the total mortality rate.


The following requirements are established by the University for all undergraduate degrees. The student also must complete additional requirements for each specific degree; these are established by each college and school within the University and are described elsewhere in this catalog. University Core Curriculum • All baccalaureate degree programs offered by The University of Mississippi require the satisfactory completion of 6 hours of English composition*, 3 hours of college algebra or quantitative reasoning or a more advanced mathematics course, 6 hours of laboratory science, and 15 hours of humanities, social/behavioral sciences, and fine arts (to include at least 3 hours of course work from each area). The mathematics core course may not be taken by correspondence. The curricula for the various degree programs in the college and schools include these core requirements. * Honors students may satisfy English composition requirements by taking English 207H and 208H. Minimum Credit Hours • All baccalaureate degree programs require at least 126 semester hours with passing grades. Students who take more than the required number of hours will designate on a Degree Application Form which courses are to be applied towards the degree. Minimum Grade Point Average • For the award of a bachelor's degree from any school or college of The University of Mississippi, a student must earn a GPA of at least 2.00 on all course work submitted in fulfillment of the course requirements for the degree. In addition, the student must earn a minimum GPA of 2.00 on all course work attempted at The University of Mississippi. Finally, the student must have a minimum 2.00 GPA on all college work attempted at any institution of higher learning. There may be additional grade requirements for the College of Liberal Arts or the professional schools. It is the student's responsibility to check on the requirements applicable to the specific degree for which he or she is a candidate. Academic Residency Requirements • All courses taken at The University of Mississippi Oxford campus, at any of the University's resident centers in Tupelo, Jackson, Southaven, or other locations in Mississippi, through the University's Department of Independent Study by a University of Mississippi student, or through approved study abroad and exchange programs where the student is registered in University of Mississippi courses, are considered to be courses taken in residence. At least 25 percent of the semester credit hours required for an undergraduate degree (e.g., 32 …


A kinematical study of the galaxy NGC 3504 (Hubble type SABab) finds that the velocity field is dominated by circular motions, with no evidence (within the observational error) of noncircular gas streaming motions of the type suggested by barred galaxy models. The rotation curve shows the characteristic spiral galaxy pattern of a rapid central rise to a radius of 6 arc seconds beyond which point the velocity continues to rise but at a smaller rate; these new data do not confirm the form of the rotation curve found in the prior study by Burbidge, Burbidge, and Prendergast (1961).


Period 2001-11 has been to Spain a time of significant demographic and social changes in urbanism and housing. In this national context, the Region of Murcia has presented larger changes, if possible, in these aspects. An analysis is presented through the study of the evolution and influence of the System of Regional Planning in the changes in housing in the Region of Murcia, and the socioterritorial dynamic processes that have led to these, the current context and perspectives and proposals for the future which should arise from what happened.


The invention concerns a method for removing ice crystals which are formed on the surface of the heat-exchanging walls (2) of a generator (1), in contact with a diphasic liquid-solid refrigerant fluid. In order to remove the ice crystals formed, it consists in intermittently circulating in the generator (1) the refrigerant fluid at a speed higher than the nominal speed so as to generate turbulent flows which cause the formed ice crystals to be detached, by being pulled off and by heating the heat-exchanging walls. Preferably the rotational speed of the pump (8) circulating the refrigerant fluid is increased intermittently.


the framework to bear in a systematic way on some contemporary and enduring issues. What light, for example, does Holy's perspective shed on fringe phenomena such as the contemporary right-wing extremist Czech Republicans (who have, after all, received up to 10 percent of the vote, and capture mainstream intolerances worth exploring, particularly of the Roma); on the question of Moravian identity and its engagement with the themes of the study (one of the ways that the core sample of opinion makers could profitably have been enlarged); and on broad historical debates such as the Munich syndrome? Even as it stands, however, this is a valuable and suggestive study that should encourage more focused attempts at cross-regional comparisons of the way discourses of identity shaped postcommunist politics in neighboring states— extending studies such as this one and Katherine Verdery's seminal work. Fuller crossregional comparative work of this kind not only promises to enrich our understanding of the domestic transitions from communism but of the diverse understandings of a "return to Europe."


Objectives To explore the relationship between carotid atherosclerosis and hypersensitive C reaction protein(hs- CRP), and the significance of hs- CRP in the onset and early diagnosis of cerebral infarction. Methods A total of 130 cerebral infarction patients were recruited into the case group, 32 TIA patients into control group 1, and 53 vertebrobasilar insufficient blood- supply patients into control group 2. Color doppler ultrasonography was employed to measure plaques in bilateral common carotid arteries and external and internal carotid arteries. Blood hs- CRP was measured within 24 hours of disease onset with immunodiffusion turbidimetry. Blood glucose, white blood cells and serum lipid concentrations were also tested. Results Plaques were detected in 61.54% of patients in the case group, 59.38% in control group 1 and 32.08% in control group 2. There was a significant difference in the plaque positive rates among these three groups(P=0.001). Plaques were frequently detected in the common carotid arteries (80.30% , 83.33% and 100% for the case group, control group 1 and control group 2, respectively). Plaques located in the bifurcation of the carotid artery accounted for 73.48% , 83.33% and 96.55% in the case group, control group 1 and control group 2, respectively. The level of hs- CRP were (13.06± 1.14) mg/L,(5.60± 1.97) mg/L and (4.18± 0.96) mg/L in the case group, control group 1 and control group 2, respectively, and there were significant differences in the levels of hs- CRP among these three groups (P=0.000), between the case group and control group 1 (P=0.013), the case group and control group 2 (P=0.000), but there was no significant difference between control group 1 and control group 2 (P=0.675). In respect of blood glucose, white blood cells and serum lipid concentrations, there were no significant differences among the three groups (P 0.05). In the case group, hs- CRP was (17.20± 2.37) mg/L in the plaque positive subgroup and (5.35± 1.02) mg/L in the plaque negative subgroup and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.001). Conclusions hs- CRP takes in the formation of atheroaclerosis. Increased hs- CRP may be a single high- risk factor in the formation and development of carotid arteries atherosclerosis in cerebral ischemic patients.


This paper finds that the implementation of the Volcker Rule (section 619 of the 2010 Dodd-Frank Act) profoundly impacts overall equity market liquidity, the funding liquidity of hedge funds, and their liquidity provision to the market. Analysis of a sample of 8,686 hedge funds reveals that subsequent to the Volcker Rule, funding flows to hedge funds decline, and their flow-performance sensitivity increases. Hedge funds also reduce their exposure to market liquidity and realign their market-making activities to the most liquid segment of stocks. The impact appears more pronounced for those funds with business connections to systemically important US banks, weak past performance, and adopting non-directional investment strategies.


Hydrogen production is mainly based on the use of fossil fuels, but currently, many alternative routes are being developed, among which the photo-reforming of oxygenated organic compounds stands out. Recently, several studies have been carried out in order to develop new techniques to create bio-inspired TiO2 structures. One of these is 'biotemplating', a process that replicates a biological system in an inorganic TiO2-based structure. In this study, olive by-products—olive leaves—are valorized as a biotemplate for the synthesis of new Fe-TiO2- and Cu-TiO2-based photocatalysts with the aim of improving the replication of the leaf structure and enhancing hydrogen photoproduction. In conclusion, the incorporation of iron and copper decreases the band gap and increases the energetic disorder at the band edges. Moreover, it is verified by SEM and TEM that the metals are not found forming particles but are introduced into the formed TiO2 structure. The accuracy of the internal and external structure replication is improved with the incorporation of Fe in the synthesis, while the incorporation of Cu substantially improves the production of hydrogen, which is multiplied 14 times under UV light and 6 times under sunlight, as compared to a pure TiO2 structure.


Aim of the present work was to develop simple, shorter and effective UPLC method with UV detection (245nm) and subsequent validation for the content uniformity determination of alfuzosin hydrochloride in tablets. The method uses isocratic the mobile phase mixture of tetrahydrofuran, acetonitrile, water and perchloric acid in the ratio of 10:220:770:1 (v/v) on Inertsil ODS-3, 3.0 x 50 mm, 2μ column. The RSD for five injections was observed to 0.1 percentage and linearity range of (LOQ) 10 – 300 percentage of label claim established with 0.9998 correlation. The observed result shows that the method was rapid, precise, accurate and simple. The method was validated as per ICH guidelines.


To review the current situation of m-xylene production,process technology,major endues at home and abroad.To forecast the demand for m-xylene in the near future.To provide the information of m-xylene for marketing and comprehensive utilization.


In response to the increasing waiting times for appointments at genitourinary (GU) medicine clinics1,2, the Department of Health has made three targeted funding allocations to improve access consisting of a non-recurrent allocation of £5 million in 2002–03, followed by an £8 million recurrent and a further £5 million non-recurrent allocation in 2003–04. The British Association for Sexual Health and HIV (BASHH) conducted a survey of lead consultants for GU medicine clinics in March 2004 to determine if they could confirm whether all of the targeted funding had been allocated to their budgets. A total of 122 individuals representing 132 (65%) clinics in England, responded to the questionnaire for either calendar year. Of the first £5 million non-recurrent allocation, made in January 2003, the number and percentage of the 117 respondents who had received their full allocation was 96 (82%) compared to 13 (11%) who received less than the allocated amount and 8 (7%) who were uncertain. These individuals were able to confirm that £3,155,000 (92%) of the £3,424,500 allocation to their clinics had reached its intended target. Of the second £8 million recurrent allocation in financial year 2003–04, 76 (64%) of 119 respondents received their full allocation, 30 (25%) respondents received less than the allocated amount, and 13 (11%) respondents were uncertain. The total amount of the allocation for the clinics represented by these 106 recipients was £4,566,500 of which £3,619,663 (79%) had reached their clinic budgets. Of the final non-recurrent £5 million allocation in financial year 2003–04, 61 (51%) respondents received their full allocation, 49 (41%) respondents received less than their allocated amount, and nine (8%) respondents remained uncertain. The total amount of the allocation for the clinics represented by these 110 recipients was £3,258,000 of which £1,638,000 (50%) had reached their clinic budgets. Thus, of the total £7,824,500 allocation to the Primary Care Trusts (PCTs) with lead sexual health responsibilities for the GU medicine clinics of recipients in 2003–04, only £5,257,663 (67%) was confirmed to have reached clinic budgets. Overall, only 51 (43%) of 119 respondents could confirm having received all of their recurrent and non-recurrent allocations, 58 (49%) had received either a reduced allocation or none at all and 10 (8%) were uncertain. This survey suggests that a significant proportion of the additional funding to improve access to GU medicine clinics failed to reach its intended target. The deficit between the amounts allocated and received by clinics was larger in financial year 2003–04, when the funding was given to PCTs with lead roles for sexual health, as compared with the preceding year when it was allocated directly to clinics. Moreover, the late allocation of non-recurrent funding and the inability of many clinics to arrange for this funding to be carried forward at year-end may have further prevented its intended use to increase service capacity and reduce waiting times.


There were stories of silly sausages, grumpy wolves and greedy pigs when author Liz Million dropped into Harrogate independent prep school Belmont ...


The letter is addressed from Elise Geis in Berlin to her daughter Fanny Rosenbaum, dated November 1912. An English translation of this letter, provided by Sonja Keschner, is available. To see this translation please contact the University of Cape Town Libraries' Special Collections.


Abstract We have developed a tandem reaction of N′-(2-alkynylbenzylidene)hydrazides with propargyl amine derivatives catalyzed by silver triflate to provide 2-(aminomethyl)-H-pyrazolo[5,1-a]isoquinolines. This reaction proceeds through a tandem 6-endo-cyclization, nucleophilic addition, 5-endo-cyclization and aromatization, leading to the cycloadducts in moderate to good yields with exclusive regioselectivity.


The 1,2-migration reaction of cyclohexadienyl radicals was examined on the basis of an open-shell restricted self-consistent field (SCF) MINDO/3 calculation. For the NO2- and OH-substituted cyclohexadienyl radicals, the 6-substituted isomers (1; X=H, Y=NO2 or OH) were calculated to be the least stable and apt to undergo a 1,2-hydrogen shift. The electron-withdrawing groups were predicted to have high migratory aptitude.


In this paper we demonstrate how error-correcting addition and multiplication can be performed using self-checking modules. Our technique is based on the observation that a suitably designed full adder under the presence of any single stuck-at fault produces the fault-free complement of the desired output when fed by the complement of its functional input. We initially apply conventional parity-based error detection in arithmetic modules; upon detection of a fault, this is followed by input inversion, recomputation, and suitable output inversion. We present adder, register and multiplier designs that can be used in this context. We also design a large-scale circuit using this technique (an elliptical filter), outlining the area savings with respect to traditional triple modular redundancy


The present invention provides a method for regenerating composition for color filter and the color filter release. According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention the release composition comprises a color filter glycol and potassium hydroxide (KOH), wherein the concentration of (a) the diol is in the range of 83wt% to 91wt%, and hydroxide concentration of potassium satisfy the condition: (wt% KOH in) ≥6- (0.065 × (diol wt%)), or (b) the concentration of the diol is greater than 91wt%, and the concentration of potassium hydroxide (KOH) is greater than 0.2 wt%.


Foreword by Edward J. MaderaIntroduction: How to Use This Book The BasicsGoing Online the Easy WayWhat Youll Find When You Get ThereThe Human Side of E-MailCyberspace Friends and Online Angels The Commercial Computer NetworksAmerican OnlineCompuserveProdigyThe Best of the Other Commercial Services The Internet And BeyondInternet Mailing ListsInternet NewsgroupsThe World Wide WebOther Online ResourcesEpilogue: The Healing Computer


A series of alloys was prepared to investigate the crystallization of Co-rich HiTPerm-type alloys Co 1�x Fe x88 Zr 7 B 4 Cu 1 with Fe:Co ratios within or near the two-phase bcc+ fcc region of the binary phase diagram. The goal of this work is to better understand the phase evolution and crystallization of alloys in which the Fe–Co binary phase diagram predicts more than one transition metal rich primary crystalline phase to be present in equilibrium at the primary crystallization temperature. X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and high-temperature vibrating-sample magnetometry have been performed to identify the first phase to crystallize and to follow the evolution of phases during crystallization. The bcc phase appears to be the primary crystalline phase that forms first after annealing at 450 ° C for 1 h, in agreement with previous work on Co-rich nanocomposite alloys. We observe that as the Co concentration is increased, the fcc crystalline phase forms at lower annealing temperatures and its volume fraction increases for a given annealing temperature. © 2007 American Institute of Physics. DOI: 10.1063/1.2711283


perspectives and results that could be developed into further and broader interdisciplinary studies with comparisons of different kinds. Examples of this are works by two historians: Johansson's institutional perspective on the administration of social reforms and Lundberg's ideological political analysis of policymaking and the concept of justice. Another important subject that connects several studies in this volume is work and its ethical importance. Especially the following contributions could be mentioned: the above-mentioned study by the historian Birgitta Plymoth, the study of work policy in Sweden from the late 19 century to the 1980s by the historians Lena Eriksson and Johan Edman, and the sociologist Ingrid Esser's study of employment commitment in twelve mature welfare and production regimes. This volume raises many questions about interdisciplinary collaboration and its benefits. To compare such a collaboration with a shark on an elephant's back (p. 20) indicates more problems than benefits. Anyhow, this volume is a promising contribution for future interdisciplinary welfare research especially among historians and sociologists. But then one should get rid of the shark on the elephant's back, and instead of ''eclectical'' it is better to use the concept ''pluralistic'', because ''eclectical'' often has a pejorative meaning alluding to a lack of originality or a critical mind.


Cancer is a chronic disease which can cause death. In traditional chemotherapycytotoxic drugs are used to kill proliferating cancer cells. The cytotoxic agent exhibits less specificity, less biological activity, causes sys-temic toxicity and undesirable side effects. Each year, about 1.8 million of the population are infected and die due to tuberculosis infection. An increase of drug resistance during the tuberculosis treatment is a significant concern. So, it is necessary to develop a new approach or therapies to resolve drug resistance, drug selectivity in tuberculosis infection and the reduction of the side effects of cytotoxic agents and anti-tubercular drugs. This review describes the newly emerging concept of «vitamin drug conjugate». Vitamin-drug conjugate is a specifically carried drug toward the target site, is one of the promising ways to treat chronic diseases like can-cer and tuberculosis and enhance the therapeutic outcome. The purpose of this review is to explore vitamin as a targeting moiety for new anticancer and anti-tubercular drug to overcome challenges, such as non-selectivity, systemic toxicity and multidrug resistance. This approach is beneficial in the treatment of life-threatening disease like cancer, tuberculosis and also in many viral infections.


Objective: amount observation of pupillary light reflex test in mornal people Method: pupil diameters were measured by automatic pupil diameter recorder and analyzer- every 1/10 second for 10 seconds- 127 mornal peoples were studied- those are devided into ten ages group. Results: there are differently distribution range in differently ages group- the higher ages is- the slower pupil shrink speed ratio; the lower ages is- the shorter pupil shrink time- Conclusion: automatic pupil diameter recorder and analyze might be used as a amount tool for pupillary light reflex test.


The utility model discloses a water supply and drainage system of a toilet. The water supply and drainage system comprises a water closet and a hand wash basin arranged higher than the water closet, wherein the water closet is provided with a main water tank and an auxiliary water tank; the main water tank is connected with a tap water pipeline; the auxiliary water tank is connected with a water drainage pipeline of the hand wash basin; the side wall of the auxiliary water tank is provided with a water level display tube communicated with the auxiliary water tank; the cover of the water closet is a rubber cover with elasticity; and the upper surface of the cover is provided with a handle. According to the water supply and drainage system, waste water for hand washing is used for flushing the water closest so as to realized the secondary utilization of the waste water for hand washing and achieve the purpose of saving water; and meanwhile, the water closet can be dredged by the cover of the water closet in virtue of air pressure.


The present invention discloses a N, N'- disubstituted dithiooxamides its preparation and use, generates N oxalic acid diesters or oxalyl chloride and an amine, N'- di-substituted oxamide, and then curing generating agent under the action of N, N'- di-substituted dithiooxamide. N, N'- di-substituted dithiooxamide Preparation generates N oxalic acid diesters or oxalyl chloride and an amine, N'- di-substituted oxamide, and N generated under the action of the vulcanizing agent, N ' - di-substituted dithiooxamide. The above-described N, N'- di-substituted dithiooxamide as an antioxidant, herbicide, fungicide, analgesics, anti-tuberculosis agents, noble metals like platinum, palladium, analytical reagent. Material of the present invention is readily available, inexpensive, easy to operate to atmospheric pressure, can be produced without special equipment, high reaction yield, low raw material and manufacturing costs, without separating column, simple recrystallization can achieve 99% purity.


We report the magnetic and electron spin resonance (ESR) properties of W doped CoFe2O4 polycrystalline materials, prepared by standard solid-state reaction method. W was doped (0-15%) in CFO lattice on Fe site. Isothermal magnetization measurements reveal that the coercive field (Hc) (1300-2200 Oe) and saturation magnetization MS (35-82 emu/g) vary strongly as a function of W doping at all the temperatures (4-300 K) measured. We believe that a strong decrease in magnetic anisotropy in CFO after doping with W could cause a decrease in Hc. Up on doping CFO with W in place of Fe, the process transforms part of Fe3+ into Fe2+ due to the creation of more oxygen vacancies. This hinders the super-exchange interaction between Fe3+ and Fe2+, which causes a decrease in MS. Zero-field cooled (ZFC) and field cooled (FC, 1000 Oe) magnetization responses measured at 4 K on 1% W doped CFO show no indication of exchange bias, inferring that there are no other microscopic secondary magnetic phases (no segregation). This o...


A scientific collaboration between the Warsaw Academy of Science, (Poland) and the National Institute of Geophysics (Italy), gave rise to the installation of few stations for the long term measurement of magnetotelluric fields in central Italy. The selection of investigation sites was determined by the individual seismic interest of each location. The project began in the summer of 1991, with the installation of 2 magnetotelluric stations in the province of Isernia, (Collemeluccio and Montedimezzo). In 1992, 2 more stations became operative, one in the province of Rieti, (Fassinoro), the other in the province of L'Aquila, (S. Vittoria). For the purpose of this project, the magnetic observatory in L'Aquila was also equipped with electric lines, for the measurement of the telluric field. The aim of the analysis here presented, is to show that is possible to follow the temporal evolution of magnetotelluric characteristic parameters. At Collemeluccio this evolution was compared with the seismic released energy for events recorded within the study area.


In a typical waterflooding philosophy, water injection is often constrained by the in-situ stress of the overlying geological seal, in order to avoid out-of-zone injection and ensure reservoir fluid containment. Direct measurement of in-situ stress from wireline Micro-frac testing is insightful as compared to a conventional leak-off test (LOT) conducted at the casing shoe, due to the smaller volume and lower injection rate used. Unlike the conventional LOT, Micro-frac tests can be performed at discrete and multiple intervals in one wireline run, away from the casing shoe.
 In 2017, Shell Malaysia Exploration and Production (SMEP) conducted the first wireline Micro-frac test in a caprock shale, in a deepwater injector well, offshore Malaysia. The job was successfully executed with an improved design of the flowback mechanism, using a combination of a small volume pump and a drawdown chamber. While the small volume pump provided the advantage of accurate volume/rate measurement, the modified drawdown chamber setup provided a constant flow rate, to aid in a more accurate fracture closure pressure interpretation. The improved setup was the first successful application of this device for the purpose of Micro-frac. Both the methodologies showed good and comparable results, thereby adding higher confidence to the interpretation of fracture closure pressure.
 A workflow has been developed to ensure successful execution of the logging job. Pre-job modeling was completed using offset well data to derive formation mechanical properties as well as in-situ stress profile. This information was then used to characterize formation breakdown pressure, selection of test intervals and optimum straddle packer positioning. Learnings from the test conducted at the first depth station were used to optimize the number of cycles for the subsequent stations. In addition, an operational decision tree was developed to assess the number of cycles required and contingency criteria.
 The paper presents an improved flowback design using the drawdown chamber as well as the operational challenges in a deepwater environment. The methodology provided a reliable estimate of fracture closure pressure in a non-permeable formation. Results have been used to update the water injection envelope, in an effort to avoid undesired out-of-zone injection.


How Australians combine and balance their working lives, family, caring commitments and recreation is a strongly debated issue in the media and academia. Volunteering Australia conducted survey consulting volunteers and not profit organisations involved in volunteering organisations, which showed that the volunteering is vulnerable to pressure form the demands of paid work and caring that many prospective and current volunteers experience.


Review(s) of: Back from the Brink: How Australia's Landscapes Can Be Saved, by Peter Andrews, published by ABC Books, October 2006. Forewords by John Williams and Gerry Harvey and comment by John Anderson.


Rochester, NY, May 23, 2018 — The Memorial Art Gallery of the University of Rochester (MAG) is pleased to announce The Surreal Visions of Josephine Tota. The exhibition will be on view at MAG from July 15 through September 9, 2018. With this exhibition and its accompanying catalog, The Memorial Art Gallery forges new territory in the introduction and exploration of a little-known and unconventional artist of significant talent.


Part 1: The Problem Definition of the Problem Alienation and Burnout Shape of the Work Problem Cynicism: The Human Equation Part 2: The Prospect The Notion of "Job Enrichment": From Chores to Challenges Job Enrichment in the Human Services The Notion of "Quality of Work Life": Humanizing the Assembly Line Humanizing Client Assembly Lines Part 3: The Prescription The Notion of Participation Participation and Change Receptivity to Change Research, Action and Action Research Part 4: The Demonstration Grass-Roots Management The New York Prison Survey The Correction Officer Teams Team Proposals From Cup to Lip: Implementation of Proposals Epilogue: Where Do We Go From Here?


Background: Multiple ligament knee injuries (MLKI) are usually the result of knee dislocations following either high energy motor vehicle accidents or low velocity sport injuries. Hence; we planned the present study to assess and compare two different management protocols for treating patients with multiple knee ligament injuries.
Methods: The present study involved comparison of two different methods of management of multiple knee ligament injuries. A total of 20 patients with multiple ligament injured knee were included in the present study. All the patients were broadly divided into two study groups as follows: Group 1: Included patients who were treated with one-stage process .i.e. all ruptured ligaments were repaired or reconstructed at a single stage of operation. Group 2: Included patients who were treated with staged processes .i.e. the entire surgical procedure was carried out in multiple stages Complete follow-up details of all the subjects were obtained. Knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score during follow-up was used for assessment of results.
Results: Mean age of the subjects of group 1 and group 2 was 39.5 years and 36.4 years respectively. While comparing the sports and knee symptoms of the knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score during follow-up, significant results were obtained.Conclusion: Surgical treatment protocol is reliable mode of treatment for treating multiple ligament injury patients.


Background:Individuals with large Hill-Sachs lesions may be prone to failure and reoccurrence following standard arthroscopic Bankart repair. Here, the Remplissage procedure may promote shoulder st...


A majority coloring of a digraph is a vertex coloring such that for every vertex, the number of vertices with the same color in the out-neighborhood does not exceed half of its out-degree. Kreutzer, Oum, Seymour and van der Zyper proved that every digraph is majority 4-colorable and conjecture that every digraph has a majority 3-coloring. This paper mainly studies the majority coloring of the joint and Cartesian product of some special digraphs and proved the conjecture is true for the join graph and the Cartesian product. According to the influence of the number of vertices in digraph, we prove the majority coloring of the joint and Cartesian product of some digraph.


The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of Brain-Based Teaching with i-Think Maps and the Brain Gym Approach (BBT-iTBA) compared to the conventional teaching approach (CTA) towards Physics' conceptual understanding amongst male and female matriculation students in the north of Peninsular Malaysia. 180 students (83 were male and 97 were female), aged around 19 years old, from two Matriculation Colleges, were involved as research sample for the targeted population. The effects of the BBT-iTBA compared to the CTA towards Physics' conceptual understanding amongst students were determined using a quasi-experimental non-equivalent group design, involving an experimental group of students (exposed to BBT-iTBA) and a control group of students (received CTA). Data gathered from the Physics Conceptual Understanding Test (PCUT), administered on the sample before and after the intervention of both teaching approaches, were then analyzed statistically. The two way ANOVA analysis results indicated that after the intervention, students' Physics conceptual understanding differ significantly due to the implementation of the different teaching approaches, with a great size effect. Students who were exposed to BBT-iTBA performed significantly better in the PCUT than students who received CTA. Although gender alone did not affect students' Physics conceptual understanding, the results obtained revealed that the effects of the interaction between the implementation of the teaching approaches and gender on the attainment of students' Physics conceptual understanding were significant, with a simple size effect. The main features of the BBT-iTBA, which are: focusing on the optimum function of the brain; promoting and enhancing the skills of thinking; and creating a relaxed and fun learning environment; are found to be the significant triggers for students to better understand Physics conceptually and excel in the subject.


The following question-and-answer interview with Paul Sweezy was conducted by a representative of the Spanish publishing house of Salvat Editores of Barcelona for inclusion in a book on current world economic problems. Since many MR readers may have similar questions in mind, it seemed useful to include a transcript of the interview in MR. The reader should note that the date of the interview was the summer of 1973, before the October War, the energy crisis, and the beginning of the current crisis of the global capitalist economy. Publication is by permission of Salvat Editores. —The EditorsThis article can also be found at the Monthly Review website, where most recent articles are published in full.Click here to purchase a PDF version of this article at the Monthly Review website.


ABSTRACT Currently, a large number of industrial robots have been deployed to replace or assist humans to perform various repetitive and dangerous manufacturing tasks. However, based on current technological capabilities, such robotics field is rapidly evolving so that humans are not only sharing the same workspace with robots, but also are using robots as useful assistants. Consequently, due to this new type of emerging robotic systems, industrial collaborative robots or cobots, human and robot co-workers have been able to work side-by-side as collaborators to accomplish tasks in industrial environments. Therefore, new human–robot interaction systems have been developed for such systems to be able to utilize the capabilities of both humans and robots. Accordingly, this article presents a literature review of major recent works on human–robot interactions in industrial collaborative robots, conducted during the last decade (between 2008 and 2017). Additionally, the article proposes a tentative classification of the content of these works into several categories and sub-categories. Finally, this paper addresses some challenges of industrial collaborative robotics and explores future research issues. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT


With the popularization of higher education in recent years, the admission requirements are decreasing year by year, the background of students in colleges and universities is more complicated, and the gap in learning English is widening. Among them, cross-cultural communication can be read out. In addition to requiring students to master language knowledge and skills, students should also be taught English cultural background knowledge, so that students can have a deeper understanding of social and cultural knowledge, customs, local conditions and customs of English-speaking countries, enhance their sensitivity to cultural differences, improve their reading comprehension ability and cultivate their analysis, reasoning and judgment ability. This article briefly analyzes the current status of English teaching, focusing on how to combine teaching materials in college English classroom teaching and how to combine English teaching with local culture to help students learn English better, so as to truly realize college English teaching Target.


Background: The clergy plays an important role in the care of mentally ill people in developing countries because of the predominant belief that supernatural factors are responsible for mental illness and spiritual healers are sought by the mentally ill and/or their relatives for treatment. This study aimed to assess clergymen's beliefs about the etiology and treatment of mental illnesses in southwest Nigeria.
Methods: The study was qualitative design and ethnographic in nature, conducted on one hundred and forty-eight clergymen at the Nigerian Baptist Theological Seminary, Ogbomoso, Nigeria. A convenient sampling technique was used and Self-administered questionnaires to obtain sociodemographic details. An In-depth/Semi-structured interview involving Focus group discussions (FGD) and key informant interviews (KII) was used for the study. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. The sociodemographic variables were presented on a frequency table.
Results: The study involved hundred and forty-eight respondents with male preponderance. From the focus group discussion and key informant interview, respondents believed that mental illness depends on the victim's predispositions and could as well result from spiritual attacks directly or indirectly through or from ancestral lineage, genetic factors, or evil forces. Although most of the respondents argued that mental illness is caused solely by spiritual attacks and can only be treated by spiritual means like an exorcism.  However, the majority believed that a holistic approach to treatment must involve the spiritual, psychological and medical.
Conclusion: The factor of theological education shines through in the definition, recognition, treatment, the concept of cure and clergy role in the management and community advocacy for mental illness although within the context of cultural beliefs of supernatural etiology of mental illness. With improved knowledge and their holistic approach to care, the clergymen will be able to effectively work with the orthodox medical practitioners in a wholesome way through an effective referral system, ensuring compliance, rehabilitation and banishing discrimination.