Abstract : An x-ray topographic study is made of three hexagonal SiC crystals, type 6H, of different national origin. All three crystals exhibit a high density of dislocations, many originating at the nucleation edge of the crystal and fanning out to the crystal boundaries. Burgers vectors were identified. Slip in the (1,1,-2,0) direction, characteristic of hexagonal materials, was observed. (Author)


Job satisfaction of the new young teachers in 75 Universities and colleges in Guangdong Province were investigated,which results showed that Job satisfaction influenced by different factors.The pre-service mentality characteristics were the following: 1.New teachers job satisfaction was generally high,which the mental satisfaction was higher than material satisfaction.2.New teachers' job satisfaction was influenced significantly by the employment motivation which individual interest and attention to talents of school was significantly higher than other else.3.Professional counterparts were the only factor significant affecting on job satisfaction,which indicated that,the new teachers has relatively high expectation on the application of the professional knowledge.According to the Mentality of new teachers,higher schools should take corresponding measures,humanistic management,to enhance the organization between the teacher and the psychological understanding,promote the common development of teachers in colleges and universities.


Maximum HRT dome wall temperatures for reactor powers up to 10 Mw were calculated for both an insulated amd uninsulated dome. Temperatures exceeding 315 deg C in the fuel solution flowing through the HRT dome section can cause phase separation which results in excessive corrosion rates. The results, based on very conservative assumptions, inticated wall temperatures exceeding 315 deg C could occur in the insulated dome when operating the reactor at 10 Mw. Using the same conservative assumptions, the analysis of the uninsulated dome indicated wall and bellows temperatures below 300 deg C. (auth)


as the natural philosophy against which such quantum instrumentalities as the laser should be set. Quantum transitions, discrete energy levels, photons, stimulated emission and so on may be regarded both as ingredients of a natural philosophy of the quantum world and as concepts useful to laser makers. Dear gives no extended example of the adaptation or exploitation of a natural-philosophical discovery or innovation into an instrumentality, although that would seem to be the place to investigate whether the circle he describes is vicious. Since, however, he writes with exemplary clarity and thinks carefully about what he writes, whoever takes his investigation further will know exactly where to look. Perhaps, as he hints, the circle will be dissolved by the disappearance of natural philosophy except in cosmology and other useless subjects. I think it more likely that his notion of natural philosophy will be found inadequate. Dear's extended essay is a good, historically based introduction to problems of prime importance for people worried about the increasing closeness of industry, government and academic science. It would make an excellent conversation-starter for students in the history of science and technology or in science studies, and a not-so-easy challenge for their teachers. JOHN L. HEILBRON University of Oxford


A variety of pulses and white noises exist in the low-voltage distributed systems. These noises are obstructive to the accurate extraction of the short-circuit faults. The effective filter ought to be designed to utilize the abrupt change of the current deviation in the fault occurrence for the purpose of the early fault detection. In this way, the characteristics of the fault signal can be preserved and the noise interferences are suppressed. The morphological filter is utilized as the preposed unit of the multi-scale wavelet transform, which are combined as a novel model of the morphology-wavelet filtering algorithm and applied to the ultra-high speed detection of the short-circuit faults of the low-voltage systems. This model incorporates the advantages of morphological filter and multi-scale wavelet transform to extract the feature of faults meanwhile restraining various noises. Besides, it can be implemented in real time using the available hardware. The effectiveness of this model was verified with the simulation results and the tests based on TI TMS320F2812 DSP.


Abstract In any context where a discounted cash flow valuation is required, there is the issue of estimating the continuing value. The most common way to do that is to assume that by the terminal horizon the company is in a steady state and is growing at a constant rate. The issue is how to handle inflation. The problem is that it is often done wrong and the impact is typically material. Because there remains significant confusion, in this paper we simplify the analysis by isolating the two key issues and providing example calculations. We show that even at the current 2% level proper treatment of inflation has a sizeable impact on valuation. If inflation were to accelerate as a result of current monetary and fiscal policies, the significance of this issue will increase.


The invention discloses a preparation method of tobacco-aroma electronic cigarette liquid. The preparation method includes: shredding tobacco leaves, using water and 95% ethanol as solvents for heating and extracting, performing hot filtration, cold storage, sedimentation and filtration to obtain tobacco extract, and concentrating to obtain tobacco leaf concrete; then weighing 5g of tobacco leaf concrete mixture with the weight ratio between the tobacco leaf concrete and amino acids of 10-2:1 and 100g of mixed solvent, putting the tobacco leaf concrete mixture into the solvent, and heating at the temperature of 80-100 DEG C for 3 to 12 hours to obtain a Maillard reaction product of the tobacco leaf extract; measuring the Maillard reaction product of dark red transparent liquid, peppermint oil and glycerin monostearate according to volume percents of 1-25%:0-40%:0-1%, supplying with propylene glycol or polyethylene glycol to the volume of 100%, and uniformly stirring to obtain the electronic cigarette liquid. By the method, aroma components enter the electronic cigarette liquid, tobacco feature aroma is given to the electronic cigarette liquid, irritation brought by an atomization agent is better covered, and the electronic cigarette liquid is closer to smoking feeling of consumers to true cigarettes.


Along with the development of science,the wireless technique has already been an important development derection of electronics technique.This design introduces foundation knowledge of the wireless didital design which constitutes each piece of function of the system,and introduces the structure and the work principles of the main component of the radio frequency chip nRF905.The development includes the hardware electric circuit,the outer circle craft and the procedure of the data wireless to receive and dispatch.Finally carrying on the theories calculation and analysis on the diagraph.


This textual analysis examines news framing of the shooting of Trayvon Martin by George Zimmerman. After studying coverage from The Sanford Herald (North Carolina), The New York Times, the Los Angeles Times and The Denver Post, the authors conclude national media perpetuated racial stereotypes, thus heightening the issue of race and making the case more emotional than factual. Readers outside of Sanford, N.C., had few details about the physical altercation, the heart of Zimmerman's self-defense claim. Disciplines African American Studies | American Politics | Communication | Gender, Race, Sexuality, and Ethnicity in Communication | Social Influence and Political Communication Comments The document available for download is the authors' accepted manuscript, provided in compliance with the publisher's policy on self-archiving. Differences may exist between this document and the published version, which is available using the link provided. Permission documentation is on file. This article is available at eCommons: https://ecommons.udayton.edu/cmm_fac_pub/33 NOT ON MY WATCH: A TEXTUAL ANALYSIS OF LOCAL AND NATIONAL NEWSPAPER COVERAGE OF THE MARTIN-ZIMMERMAN CASE Abstract: The shooting of Trayvon Martin by George Zimmerman made national newspaper headlines. Textual analysis was used to examine news framing of race and crime in news coverage. Five themes are discussed: (1) changing news values to make news, (2) defining the problem, (3) Zimmerman's changing race, (4) using uneven descriptors, and (5) Shooting as platform for political and social debate. The shooting of Trayvon Martin by George Zimmerman made national newspaper headlines. Textual analysis was used to examine news framing of race and crime in news coverage. Five themes are discussed: (1) changing news values to make news, (2) defining the problem, (3) Zimmerman's changing race, (4) using uneven descriptors, and (5) Shooting as platform for political and social debate.


This paper explores the intersection between feminism and agrarian space, following a case study developed in Usurbil (Basque Country). The main objective is to analyze and make visible the experiences, inequities and identities of women farmers in the context of the Global North –an absent social agent in our narratives. It analyses the multiple gender injustices in relation to the sexual division of labor, power relationships, participation and recognition (absent/stereotyped) and concludes with the specificities of these injustices for the agrarian context and the Basque case.


The main goal of this study was to assess how the millennial generation perceives companies that have different social media policies and how such perception influences key variables for job-seeking behaviors, including perceived person-organization fit (POF), organizational attraction, and job pursuit intention. Results from a univariate general linear model and path analysis supported all of the established hypotheses. In particular, the results revealed that millennials perceived higher POF for a company with organizational policies supporting employees' social media use. Further, organizational attractiveness significantly mediated the relationship between communication-oriented POF and job pursuit intention.


Interfacial slippage of a piezoelectric inclusion embedded in an infinite piezoelectric matrix is analyzed. A close form solution is formulated for a circular inclusion subjected to a far field in-plane electric loading and a far field out-of-plane mechanical loading. The resulting mixed boundary value problem leads to a system of dual series equations, which is then reduced to a Fredholm integral equation of the first kind. The extent of slip region along the matrix/inclusion interface, which depends on both mechanical and electrical fields, along with the distribution of shear tractions at the interface can then be determined by solving the integral equations numerically.


Born in the West Indies, raised in England, and now a veteran of American University teaching, Caryl Phillips started out in the mid-1980s as a second-generation chronicler of West Indian emigrant experience.  The novel 'In the Falling Snow' is about Keith Gordon, a social worker in his late 40s, a British-born son of black West Indian immigrants, who was mostly raised by his white, working-class stepmother, Brenda, in a Leeds-like northern city. Within the problems of prejudice and racism lies the question of identity. The bigotry experienced by Keith has connection to his age, ethnicity, gender, identity, race, region and it is against this backdrop that the conditions of ethnic segregation deepen and intensifies. The paper also analyses if in London people from different backgrounds find it easier to integrate when ethnically mixed workplaces, schools and neighbourhoods are the rule, not the exception. The paper analyses themes that are coloured by postmodern traits of fragmentation and rootlessness, focusing on the themes of alienation, multiculturalism, belonging and the immigrant experience.


FOR MORE THAN HALF A CENTURY, the journal Interpretation has addressed as a matter of central concern the theological interpretation of scripture. At the heart of its mission is the task of forging connections—not only between the work of biblical scholars and the life of the church, but also between the domains of biblical exegesis and constructive theology. The increasing specialization within biblical and theological scholarship and the shift in the location of much biblical scholarship from theological schools to secular academic institutions have driven a wedge between biblical and theological scholarship. It has become increasingly difficult, therefore, to sustain a lively and productive conversation between the two.


We advocate a new approach for addressing hidden structure problems and finding efficient quantum algorithms. We introduce and investigate the hidden symmetry subgroup problem (HSSP), which is a generalization of the well-studied hidden subgroup problem (HSP). Given a group acting on a set and an oracle whose level sets define a partition of the set, the task is to recover the subgroup of symmetries of this partition inside the group. The HSSP provides a unifying framework that, besides the HSP, encompasses a wide range of algebraic oracle problems, including quadratic hidden polynomial problems. While the HSSP can have provably exponential quantum query complexity, we obtain efficient quantum algorithms for various interesting cases. To achieve this, we present a general method for reducing the HSSP to the HSP, which works efficiently in several cases related to symmetries of polynomials. The HSSP therefore connects in a rather surprising way certain hidden polynomial problems with the HSP. Using this co...


Two-must" is a very important component of Mao Zedong's Thoughts, the practical combination of Marxism and Leninism on the building thinking of working Class Party in power in China, and the theoretical foundation of Chinese Communist Party in Power. Therefore, it is of great and magnificent theoretical connotation and is a perpetual historic research topic.


Peripheral motor or sensory disturbances are seen in a wide range of systemic diseases. In the United States the most common of these is diabetes mellitus. The possibility of accidental or intentional poisoning should be considered. Clinical features may be clues to these or other disease states including collagen disease, an infectious process, nutritional deficiency, malignancy, blood dyscrasia, or rare familial disease. A guide to a systematic investigation is presented.


The modern concept of "biorefinery" is dominantly based on chemical pulp mills to create more value than cellulose pulp fibres, and energy from the dissolved lignins and hemicelluloses. This concept is characterized by the conversion of biomass into various bio-based products. It includes thermochemical processes such as gasification and fast pyrolysis. In thermo-mechanical pulp (TMP) mills, the feedstock available to the gasification-based biorefinery is significant, including logging residues, bark, fibre material rejects, bio-sludges and other available fuels such as peat, recycled wood and paper products. On the other hand, mechanical pulping processes consume a great amount of electricity, which may account for up to 40% of the total pulp production cost. The huge amount of purchased electricity can be compensated for by self-production of electricity from gasification, or the involved cost can be compensated for by extra revenue from bio-transport fuel production. This work is to study co-production of bioautomotive fuels, bio-power, and steam via gasification of the waste biomass streams in the context of the mechanical pulp industry. Ethanol and substitute natural gas (SNG) are chosen to be the bio-transport fuels in the study. The production processes of biomass-to-ethanol, SNG, together with heat and power, are simulated with Aspen Plus. Based on the model, the techno-economic analysis is made to evaluate the profitability of bio-transport fuel production when the process is integrated into a TMP mill. The mathematical modelling starts from biomass gasification. Dual fluidized bed gasifier (DFBG) is chosen for syngas production. From the model, the yield and composition of the syngas and the contents of tar and char can be calculated. The model has been evaluated against the experimental results measured on a 150


–CMOL cell assignment Problem (BP) is a telecommunication problem. CMOL cell assignment problem is very complex due to its constraint. In CMOL cell digital circuits are mapped to the CMOL cell. Each component of digital circuit is assigned to a particular cell. For mapping a digital circuit to the CMOL cell we have to first convert the circuit in to NOR gate form. In this paper we have present a CMOL cell assignment using particle swarm optimization algorithm. Our method transforms any logically synthesized circuit based on AND/OR/NOT gates to a NOR gate circuit and maps the NOR gates to CMOL. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is a very popular algorithm and solves many optimization problems very efficiently from the last decades. We have consider all the constraints of CMOL cell assignment problem and tested our method on ISCAS benchmark circuits. We have compared our method with the genetic algorithm method and found that our algorithm works better than the genetic algorithm. Keywords––Field programmable gate array (FPGA), nanodevice, reconfigurable computing, Particle swarm optimization(PSO), Genetic algorithm.


A new unique method for establishing the shoreline of watercourses has been offered. In accordance with the Russian Water code, the border of rivers and streams is the shoreline with a long-term average annual water level for the ice-free period. That level is unknown in advance: it cannot be directly measured afield; it is not given in hydrological directories, as it is not considered to be characteristic, and on cartographic materials the outlines of water bodies are given at the average water level for the summer-autumn low flow period. To determine the desired level, the authors proposed a new method using the example of the Vyatka River. The method is based on a hydrolytic statistical model: the predicted parameter is the value of ΔH (the excess of the long-term average water level for the ice-free period over the average level of the summer-autumn low flow period), and the predictors (factors) of the model are the conditions of flow formation and passage. These factors are connected with ΔH by a power dependence, which has coefficients established by the least squares method from observations at 17 hydrological stations. The average calculation error ΔH was 5.4 ± 2.2 cm (significance level 0.05). The equation allows for any point or segment of the watercourse to calculate the desired level, and then establish a shoreline using large-scale maps. In this case, hydrometric observations are not needed. Mapping of the shoreline of the Vyatka River within the Kirov city and comparison of its position with the shoreline on a detailed space image received on a date close to the calculated level show that the standard error of the planned coastal position does not exceed 1.3 m, which meets the requirements to the accuracy of land boundaries of the water fund.


738 apathetic rank and file. Indeed, I do not find the evidence in this account that the 'flood tide' of militancy was as broad-based across the Australian movement as the author suggests. The historical period Bramble describes in many ways merely resonates with other eras in the long history of Australian trade unionism. There have always been episodes characterized by 'daring and courageous deeds' and unions have historically suffered from 'stifling bureaucracy, passivity and defeats'. Overall, this book promised much more than it delivered. I searched in vain in the final chapter for something new in 'results and prospects' but there are no lessons here for trade unions. We are told Australian unionism's greatest weakness is its leadership's failure to 'channel the latest mass discontent' yet I find no evidence of this 'mass discontent' here or in the industrial world around me. The problems for unions are far broader and more complicated than suggested here. Still, this book does provide a service for readers in drawing together the many strands and threads of the fluctuating fortunes of Australian trade unions over the last 40 years. It is a very readable account with comprehensive references for sources. Inexplicably and annoyingly, Cambridge University Press continues to eschew the provision of a bibliography in its publications.


The monitoring system of power communication network plays an important role in network operation,maintenance,control and management.This paper describes the CORBA interface based on TAO platform,puts forward the process of alarm collection by using network monitoring technology,and introduces protocol conversion and alarm processing.


The IHG index for hydromorphological quality assessment of rivers and streams: updated version An updated version of the IHG index is presented. The index is based on three appraisal parameters: 1) the functional quality of the fluvial system, including a) flow regime naturalness, b) sediment supply and mobility, and c) floodplain functionality; 2) the channel quality, including a) channel morphology and planform naturalness, b) riverbed continuity and naturalness of the longitudinal and vertical processes, and c) riverbank naturalness and lateral mobility; and 3) the riparian corridor quality, including a) longitudinal continuity, b) riparian corridor width, and c) structure, naturalness and cross-sectional connectivity.


To study how to minimize the management risk on the understanding given reward.Establish the risk examining and controlling models and AHP and regression method to calculate the management risk.On the above basis,we probe the feasibility and efficiency for advancing the risk management ability of commercial banks.The commercial banks could consider to use this method urgently,to improve the inflexibility and management levels.


Global sustainability challenges associated with increasing resource demands from a growing population call for resource-efficient land-use strategies that address multiple sustainability issues. Multifunctional agroforestry-based phytoremediation (MAP) is one such strategy that can simultaneously capture carbon, decontaminate soils, and provide diverse incomes for local farmers. Chinandega, Nicaragua, is a densely populated agricultural region with heavily polluted soils. Four different MAP systems scenarios relevant to Chinandega were created and carbon sequestration potentials were calculated using CO2FIX. All scenarios showed the potential to store significantly more carbon than conventional farming practices, ranging from 2.5 to 8.0 Mg CO2eq ha−1 yr−1. Overall, carbon sequestration in crops is relatively small, but results in increased soil organic carbon (SOC), especially in perennials, and the combination of crops and trees provide higher carbon sequestration rates than monoculture. Changes in SOC are crucial for long-term carbon sequestration, here ranging between 0.4 and 0.9 Mg C ha−1 yr−1, with the most given in scenario 4, an alley cropping system with pollarded trees with prunings used as green mulch. The adoption rate of multifunctional strategies providing both commodity and non-commodity outputs, such as carbon sequestration, would likely increase if phytoremediation is included. Well-designed MAP systems could help reduce land-use conflicts, provide healthier soil, act as climate change mitigation, and have positive impacts on local health and economies.


As China's capital market deepens reforms, international investment banks are also seeking further opportunities for business development in China. This article first introduces the corresponding overview of China's investment banking business and international investment banks, and analyzes the development of China's investment banking market from the four markets of IPO, equity refinancing, M&A and restructuring and debt financing, and then from business contract, undertaking and sales, it analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of international investment banks. It is concluded that under the background of the continuous expansion of the China's investment banking business market, there are certain opportunities and development prospects for the development of international investment banks in China, but their operations need to be further improved. Based on this, relevant suggestions are proposed for international investment banks to operate in China.


The paper presents RANS numerical simulations carried out to calibrate the Pitot tube velocity measurements in order to extend the accurate measurement range to high velocities, up to 250 m/s. Three calibration methods are proposed, able to reduce the rms error of the velocity measurement from an initial value of 6.5 m/s, to 3.11 m/s, 2.33 m/s, and 0.08 m/s, respectively. As the accuracy of the calibration method increases, the complexity and the portability of the method for other flows and other Pitot tube dimensions is found to decrease.


This paper presents an alternative method of analyzing analog phased-array (APA )and digital phased-array (DPA) receivers by projecting them into a single-path structure. One more dimension is introduced to the design flow of APA receiver. Threshold conditions are found by comparing the SNR improvement of APA receiver with nonideal phase shifters and DPA receiver. The conclusions are validated through simulations with ADS Ptolemy.


© 2012 de Campos-Takaki et al., licensee InTech. This is an open access chapter distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Antimicrobial and Anti-Adhesive Potential of a Biosurfactants Produced by Candida Species


Interactions of lipids with proteins are essential events in the framework of biological membranes. Assessment of the affinity and specificity of protein-lipid binding can give useful information to elucidate cell membrane functions. Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) is a powerful technology to study macromolecular interactions, allowing direct and rapid determination of association and dissociation rates using small amounts of samples. An extensive range of binding analyses can be performed by SPR such as protein–protein, protein–membrane (lipids), protein–carbohydrate, protein–nucleic acid and even protein-small molecules. This protocol describes the binding of an antimicrobial protein (used as ligand) to a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (used as analyte) after immobilization onto a CM sensor chip by amine coupling.


in an unselfish way (p. 168). With regard to material content that might constitute a remainder, G. is content to say only that Christian transcendentality "might direct action in a distinctive way" and that "obedience unto death," which might be called for at times, "is not easily justified on the basis of rational self-interest, or even on a proper balance of self-regard and other-regard" (p. 168). The question of whether there is a material difference between Christian and non-Christian, secular ethics is thus left in suspension. I find it unfortunate that G. chose not to dialogue with other moralists addressing the same question, especially Josef Fuchs. The remainderapproach to the question was introduced by Fuchs a number of years ago, and an explicit dialogue with him might have uncovered the possibility of a different, holistic, and more adequate approach.


It is shown that quantum nucleardynamics (QND) as an SU(2)_N \times U(1)_Z gauge theory, which is generated from quantum chromodynamics (QCD) as an SU(3)_C gauge theory through dynamical spontaneous symmetry breaking, successfully describes nuclear phenomena at low energies. The proton and neutron assigned as a strong isospin doublet are identified as a colorspin plus weak isospin doublet. Massive gluon mediates strong interactions with the effective coupling constant G_R/\sqrt{2}= g_n^2/8 M_G^2 \approx 10 GeV^{-2} just like Fermi weak constant G_F/\sqrt{2} = g_w^2/8 M_W^2 \approx 10^{-5} GeV^{-2} in the Glashow-Weinberg-Salam model where g_n and g_w are the coupling constants and M_G and M_W are the gauge boson masses. Explicit evidences such as lifetimes and cross sections of nuclear scattering and reaction, nuclear matter and charge densities, nucleon-nucleon scattering, magnetic dipole moment, gamma decay, etc. are shown in support of QND. The baryon number conservation is the consequence of the U(1)_Z gauge theory and the proton number conservation is the consequence of the U(1)_f gauge theory.


The present paper investigates the Luminescent Solar Concentrator (LSC) with single and dual waveguide coated with perylene dye of various concentrations. Monte Carlo simulations are carried out to assess the efficiency of the LSC with the waveguide areas varying from 10 to 110 cm2, and the dye concentration varying from 30 to 800 PPM. The percentage of dye area coated in the waveguides is varied from 20 to 80%. Results indicate that the LSC efficiency increases with dye concentration up to a particular value, and thereafter shows a decreasing trend. Further, LSC efficiency is found to be increasing with a decrease in waveguide size. Experimental and simulation results indicate the maximum efficiency at the dye coverage area of 50%. Simulation results indicate the maximum LSC efficiency of around 9%, while the same is around 6% when examined experimentally.


Abstract Objectives Although neurobiological research has shown that interoception plays a role in the perception of pain and its chronification, the relationship between interoceptive sensitivity and pain has not been definitively confirmed by clinical studies. The aim of this study was therefore to better understand the relationship between interoceptive sensitivity, somatization, and clinical pain, and to identify any differences in the interoceptive sensitivity of patients with recurrent vs. chronic pain. Methods Scores from 43 Chronic pain subjects, assessed using ICD-11 Criteria; 42 healthy subjects (without pain or psychiatric disorders); and 38 recurrent pain subjects on the Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness (MAIA), Body Perception Questionnaire (BPQ-SF), Somatosensory amplification scale (SSAS), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-15), Symptom Checklist-Revised (SCL-90-R), and Italian Pain Questionnaire (IPQ) were compared. Results Negative attention to the body was indicated by higher scores of psychosomatic dimensions as SSAS, SCL90R somatization, and PHQ-15 in recurrent, but especially chronic pain (p<0.000 for all). An increase in psychosomatic dimension scores (i.e., somatization, somatosensory amplification) was associated with an increase in both autonomic nervous system reactivity (ANSR) dimension scores and the negative influence of the Not-worrying, attention regulation and trusting of the MAIA. In contrast, the presence of pain and scores for its dimensions with associated with lower supra-diaphragmatic activity as per the BPQ. Conclusions Pain chronification might depend on both the impairment of interoceptive sensitivity and an increase on psychosomatic dimensions via modification of ANSR hyperactivity and a reduction of the MAIA Not-worrying dimension.


Ultra Wideband (UWB) communication systems have the advantages of very high bandwidth, fading minimization from multipath, and low power requirements. As per the standards of Fedaral Communications Commission (FCC), the UWB range is 3.1 GHz to 10.6 GHz.The Ultra Wideband (UWB) is rapidly advancing as a high data rate wireless communication technology.The Bandwidth of an antenna can be extended to high frequencies by adding an octagonal or hexagonal strip horizontally from the printed antenna and asymmetrically affix a conducting strip to the antenna. The paper describes thedesign of antenna to enhance the bandwidth by increasing the size of the strip monopole by different geometries. Thegeometry of the wide Octagonal strip monopole is a Octagon of side 'a=9mm' where as for the wide Hexagon monopole is a Hexagon of side 'a=10mm'.The stripis designed with a length of 23mm and gap 'd=3mm' between ground planes and strip for both the antenna geometries to achieve matching. The two printed monopole antennas are designed are etched onto a FR-4 epoxy substrate with an overall size of 45mm × 60mm ×1.6 mm.The proposed antennas is simulated by using Ansoft HFSS and tested by Vector Network Analyzer (E5071C) to obtain the results . The Hexagonal strip monopole is resonating at 5.5 GHz and UWB impedance bandwidth (S11 <–10 dB) ranges from 1.54 to 9.41GHz, while the Octagonal strip monopole is resonating at 5.5GHz and UWB impedance bandwidth (S11 <–10 dB) ranges from 1.3 to 5.65 GHz. The VSWR values for Hexagonal is 1.52:1 at 2.09GHz & for Octagonal it is 1.53:1 at 1.78GHz .The Bandwidth for Hexagonal is 7.87GHz, while for Octagonal is 4.35GHz.


This presentation is an overview of JSNA activites across England in support of the Guidance on JSNA published by DH


Abstract Background Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common lethal malignancies worldwide. Signet ring cell carcinoma (SRCC) is a poorly differentiated gastric cancer. The molecular characteristics and prognostic of SRCC are not well studied. Methods Formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) samples of 64 Chinese solid tumor patients were collected for next‐generation sequencing (NGS) based 450 genes panel assay. Genomic alterations including single base substitution, short and long insertions/deletions, copy number variations, gene fusions and rearrangement were assessed. Microsatellite stable (MSS) status and TMB (tumor mutational burden) were also acquired by an NGS algorithm. Results A total of 64 patients were identified as GC-SRCC through SRCC histology. The most frequently mutated genes were TP53(48%), CDH1(31%), ARID1A(14%), CDKN2A(9%), LRP1B(9%), KMT2D(6%), NF1(6%), ERBB2(9%) and GLI3(8%). Meanwhile, the copy numbers of FGFR2(14%), FGF3(8%), FGF19(8%), FGF4(8%), MYC(8%), CCND1(6%) and CDKN2A(9%) were frequently altered in SRCC.FGFR2 and 11q13 amplification is the first time reported in Chinese SRCC. Moreover, FGFR2 rearrangement (FGFR2/VTI1A and FGFR2/TACC2) was detected in 4% tumor samples. 34 cases had received chemotherapy, 4 cases had confirmed partial responses (PR); 14 cases had reached the stability of disease (SD). Noticeably, patients harboring gene rearrangement (N = 9) were observed a much shorter overall survival time (OS) in comparison with patients without any gene rearrangement (N = 14) (13.2 months vs 24.2 months, P  Conclusions Our observation reveals the molecular characteristics of SRCC. Gene rearrangements might associate to shorter OS. FGFR2 and 11q13 region amplification were newly observed in SRCC. It might provide new possibilities for the treatment of SRCC. Due to the limitations of the number of samples, the results may require further research and validation. Legal entity responsible for the study The authors. Funding Has not received any funding. Disclosure All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.


Abstract The effect of chlorine on the survival of E coli and Streptococcus faecalis in water samples collected from one of the water treatment plant in Baghdad city was studied. It was found that, the length of time required for a complete kill of E coli and S faecalis with the highest dose of chlorine used (0.8 mg/l) were 2.0 and 0.5 hrs respectively. However, our results suggest that it is necessary to apply some new treatment techniques to provide safe water for consumption.


Guy Simoneau, the new editor-in-chief of the Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy (JOSPT), introduces himself, his new editorial board, and the new JOSPT office staff. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2002;32(1):2. doi:10.2519/jospt.2002.32.1.2


Orthogonal test plan was created,by which the effect of cutting conditions on cutting forces were studied in cutting austenitic stainless steel using 3 different ceramic cutting tools.Then the influence of cutting parameters on cutting forces was researched through experiment.And empirical formula of main cutting forces was deduced through regression analysis.Meanwhile the main cutting forces of the different cutting tools were analyzed comparatively combined with significance analysis of cutting parameters.The results of the experiments indicated that the radial force was greater than the main cutting force when small cutting parameters was adopted;The cutting depth and feedrate affect the main cutting force most;The main cutting force of CT2 is the biggest among 3 kinds of ceramic tools.


Author's Note: An earlier version of this paper was presented at the International Symposium on Maritime History, Pondicherry University, 3-6 February 1989. The history of Portuguese expansion in the East is often regarded as an almost linear process of development, the gradual putting into effect of a pre-existent plan for the economic and political domination of the Indian Ocean. The inflections of such an imperialistic project are seldom noted, and if noted are ascribed to a sort of progressive realisation of the real situation on Asian shores. Moreover, the Portuguese Estado da India is


Orbital tumours in newborns are rare. In most cases they are either solid embryogenic tumours such as dermoid cysts [3] or vascular malformations such as capillary haemangiomas [2]. Common clinical characteristics are exophthalmia, conjunctival injections, periorbital redness, and amblyopia. This clinical picture is also present in patients with retrobulbar abscesses. Since a congenital retrobulbar abscess seems to be a very rare condition a report of a further case may be of interest.


The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic is driving an unprecedented international research mobilization aiming to understand the disease and prevent an ongoing global health disaster (1). Within just 6 months, a record of more than 23,000 publications focusing on COVID-19 have been indexed in PubMed, while more than 2,150 research studies have been registered with the ClinicalTrials.gov database. This corresponds to approximately 13% of all registered studies during the same period. More than 1,200 interventional trials project to recruit more than 2 million participants. These figures highlight an astounding promptitude of the research community but also raise some concerns and methodological riddles. The COVID-19 trial portfolio competes for proportions of the same patient population, which is projected to shrink over the coming months. This could limit individual trials' recruitment rates and delay the revelation of urgently needed safety and efficacy results to inform clinical practice. The "collaborative" approach adopted in many trials that allows for coenrollment of patients into more than one controlled trial in the course of their illness requires close communication between trial teams and a robust analysis plan to minimize the risk of introducing bias. The evaluation of an intervention in numerous independent trials running in parallel is far from ideal. Chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine are included as interventions in 178 registered trials, with a median recruitment target of 392 participants (range, 7–55,000). In contrast to registration trials, in which a pharmaceutical company has an overview of ongoing projects and access to interim results, most of these trials are led by academics who have limited awareness of the other trials' progress and findings. As a result of this data fragmentation, a significantly larger number of patients will need to receive experimental interventions before their efficacy and safety profiles can be confirmed. In brief, this is neither effective nor ethical. Delays in the accumulation of conclusive evidence deprives an immensely higher number of patients of potentially lifesaving treatments. In parallel, this duplication of effort leads to overuse of precious research funding and resources, potentially for very limited benefit. Once conclusive evidence on the efficacy of an intervention is acquired, many of these trials will have to discontinue early, after spending extensive resources, without addingmuch to the evidence base. Because all these issues are obvious to any clinical researcher, or any keen thinker, one would expect global collaboration to conduct a small number of large, well-designed trials. One example hereof is the Solidarity trial, a pragmatic randomized controlled trial with an adaptive design organized by the World Health Organization, evaluating the most promising interventions. However, there are several reasons for conducting multiple trials. First, organizing multinational controlled clinical trials is often challenging as there are different legal requirements, procedures, and data sharing limitations. Second, the COVID-19 pandemic progressed too rapidly to allow for an international coordinated effort. Individual study funding limitations, politics, personal ambition, and pharmaceutical industry interests should also be mentioned here. On the other hand, there are good clinical reasons for conducting more than one trial for the same intervention. In the course of COVID-19, there are several potential indications for pharmacotherapy (i.e., prevention as well as treatment of early disease, hospitalized patients, patients being admitted to the ICU, or those developing specific complications, such as the cytokine storm syndrome or myocarditis). Interventions may exert different behavior for different indications. Our experience from influenza suggests that antiviral treatments are likely to be more effective when administered earlier in the course of the disease (2). On the other hand, the risk of administering antiinflammatory treatments early in the course of a viral infection, such as COVID-19, is likely disproportionate to the anticipated benefit (3). Therefore, patients' safety, resources, and cost implications need to be considered before recommending earlier interventions. Thus, we need safety and efficacy data of the administration of interventions at different time points in the disease course. Furthermore, the susceptibility to the virus and treatment response may vary across different populations, justifying the conduct of trials in more focused patient populations. For all these reasons, the research community is now facing a challenging situation. There is a need to carefully manage the fragmented research data being collected to safely and swiftly draw conclusions. To achieve that, many of the larger trials plan interim analyses, that would offer preliminary data on the safety and efficacy of the interventions. In parallel, multiple living meta-analyses and guidelines are being set up to capture and combine trial reports as soon as they are released. To facilitate combination of emerging results in a meta-analysis, a core outcome set for COVID-19 trials is being developed, aiming to homogenize the outcomes that are evaluated and reported (ongoing). Under normal circumstances, these approaches covering the standard spectrum of evidence-based methods would suffice. However, the daily death toll and incidence of COVID-19 call for an optimization of available methodologies. Moreover, waiting for each trial to report interim or final results may be counterintuitive, given the vast number of trials evaluating the same intervention in parallel. We suggest that interim data meta-analyses (or network meta-analyses) powered to evaluate key outcomes should be organized, as they could minimize the time needed to identify effective treatments and trigger their early introduction to routine care (Figure 1). However, this will be a major undertaking, requiring global, multidisciplinary coordinated efforts. Live recruitment progress updates of all trials should be shared within a


This paper introduces a logistic warehouse information system which could achieve the function of alarming and inventory record management automatically. In this system, the information source is mainly based on RFID techniques. The structure of the system, the hardware design and the flow chart of the software are covered in this paper.


Review of Isabelle Attane and C. Z. Guilmoto, (eds), 'Watering the Neighbour's Garden: The Growing Demographic Deficit in Asia', Paris, CICRED, 2007, 425 pp.


List of Contributors. Acknowledgments. Introduction (Helen Small) 1. The Public Role of Writers and Intellectuals (Edward W. Said) 2. Pre-modern Intellectual Biography (Rita Copeland) 3. Humanism, Slavery, and the Republic of Letters (David Wallace) 4. Hamlet the Intellectual (Margreta de Grazia) 5. Deaths of the Intellectual: A Comparative Autopsy (Jeremy Jennings) 6. New Art, Old Masters, and Masked Passions (Linda S. Kauffman) 7. Apathy and Accountability: The Challenge of South Africa's Truth and Reconciliation Commission to the Intellectual in the Modern World (Jacqueline Rose) 8. The Sweatshop Sublime (Bruce Robbins) 9. "Every Fruit-Juice Drinker, Nudist, Sandal-Wearer...": Intellectuals as Other People (Stefan Collini) Index.


Credibility is the key factor for system simulation.The HLA simulation system based on BOM can promote the reusability and interoperability on the simulation model level.To insure the credibility of this simulation system,it is very necessary to study VVA in modeling and simulation of all the life cycle.Firstly,the FEDEP(Federation Development and Execution Process) model of HLA simulation system based on BOM is introduced,and the VVA process is put forward briefly.Then the research of VV for user model,simulation model component and federate are made.Finally the approach is applied in the anti-ship missile's penetration federation.The result shows that the VVA process is feasible,which can ensure the credibility of the simulation system.


System and method for using the multi-criteria state machine to manage the alarm condition and pre-alarm status of the hazard detection system is described herein. Multi reference state machine may include one or more sensors state machine capable of controlling an alarm condition, and one or more system state machine capable of controlling the pre-alarm condition. Each state machine, the sensor data values, based on the mute event and transition conditions may transition between any one of its states. Transition condition may define how transitions from a state where there is a state machine to another state. Hazard detection system may use a dual-processor configured to perform multi-criteria state machine in accordance with various embodiments. The dual processor configuration, the hazard detection system, while facilitating the reliability in hazard detection and alarm functions, it may be possible to manage the alarm condition and pre-alarm states simultaneously, manner which promotes the minimum power usage.


The development of high resolution structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging, along with the new automatic segmentation procedures for identifying brain regions with high precision and level of detail, has made possible new studies on functional connectivity in the medial temporal lobe and hippocampal subfields, with important applications in the understanding of human memory and psychiatric disorders. Many previous analyses using high resolution data have focused on undirected measures between these subfields. Our work expands this by presenting Dynamic Bayesian Network (DBN) models as an useful tool for mapping directed functional connectivity in the hippocampal subfields. Besides revealing directional connections, DBNs use a model-free approach which also exclude indirect connections between nodes of a graph by means of conditional probability distribution. They also relax the constraint of acyclicity imposed by traditional Bayesian networks (BNs) by considering nodes at different time points through a Markovianity assumption. We apply the GlobalMIT DBN learning algorithm to one subject with fMRI time-series obtained from three regions: the cornu ammonis (CA), dentate gyrus (DG) and entorhinal cortex (ERC), and find an initial network structure, which can be further expanded with the inclusion of new regions and analyzed with a group analysis method.


By using the long-wave approximation, a system of coupled evolution equations for the bulk velocity and the surface perturbations of a B\'enard-Marangoni system is obtained. It includes nonlinearity, dispersion and dissipation, and it can be interpreted as a dissipative generalization of the usual Boussinesq system of equations. As a particular case, a strictly dissipative version of the Boussinesq system is obtained. Finnaly, some speculations are made on the nature of the physical phenomena described by this system of equations.


The present study aims to determine the competitive strategies applicable to tourist accommodation in the Crucita parish in a sector in decline. The methodology was descriptive, and the information was collected through the review of statistical data from the Manabí catastro of the Internal Revenue Service, where it was found that the Crucita parish has 33 accommodation records, 15 of these records have remained in the sector for over 15 years. Based on this, the study population is made up of the owners and / or administrators who work in these 15 accommodation records. By means of the survey technique and the application of the instrument, the information and data that allowed to know the causes of the research problem were obtained. The instrument was a structured interview of mixed questions, and those with a closed option were dichotomous, allowing the competitive environment of the Crucita tourism sector to be determined. The results indicated that the situation of demand and exit barriers were considered an inhospitable environment and that the rivalry factor in 71% of opinions is due to weak and fragmented customers.


Hybrid cars have always held great promise but they've often been a niche choice. The new Honda CR-V may be the model that brings this technology to the mainstream, writes Chris Pickering


The invention is in use for solving issue existed in current technique that in order to obtain newest information about community, user must access community. When user updates information of community, the invention determines informing objects of updating operation from members of the community the user belongs to based on prearranged informing strategy. The method sends notification of updating information of community to instant communication server (ICS). After receiving updating notification, ICS looks up group corresponding to the community. Based on the informing objects, ICS sends prompting message of updating information of community to corresponding group members. Through IM system, user knows newest information of community in time so as to raise efficiency for issuing information of community greatly, and lighten burden for user to look up information of community.


The Vocational Preference Inventory (1) was orally administered to 94 incarcerated male volunteers to determine if this inventory was a legitimate instrument to use in research with male populations in prisons. Holland (1) has indicated that random responses to the inventory can be due to uncooperativeness and chat there are three rules which can be observed to help in depicting random profiles: Infrequency Scale raw scores in the range of 7 to 11; 7 or more scales with raw scores falling between 4 and 10; and Acquiescence Scale scores in the range of 12 to 20. Analysis of the inmates' profiles indicate that 67 inmates (71.28%) had Infrequency Scale scores in the range of 7 ro 11, 29 inmates (30.85%) had 7 or more raw scores falling between 4 and 10, and 35 inmates (37.23%) had Acquiescence Scale scores in the range of 12 to 20. Holland (1) cites random profiles as possibly being due to uncooperative behavior. It is logical to expect inmates to view prison as punishment and, consequently, for uncooperative behaviors to be present in a passive aggressive manner such as not genuinely participating in research. Further, inmates may also be suspicious of the inventory in that they may feel the results in some way could be used against them even if anonymicy is promised.


The structure of rotary joint used for complete set of aluminum plates rolling mill are analysed. The detail introduction of modified structure is given.


The corrosion depths of clubbed and tubular A3 steel in red soil in Lab for 600h and 216h were investigated by monitoring their resistance changes,respectively,and the mass loss for small sized samples of the A3 steel under the same conditions at different intervals was also measured for comparison.The results showed that obvious local corrosions occurred on the clubbed and tubular A3 steel,and their corrosion rate increased at a high rate at initials,and then at a slow rate with time increasing.The corrosion depths resulting from mass loss were consistent with those calculated from resistance changes.Besides,the clubbed and tubular A3 steel in red soil in Lab had coincident corrosion depths evolution,indicating the feasibility of monitoring the corrosion depths of alloys in soils and other special environments by continuously measuring their resistance changes.


SUBTITLE: EVERY NEW TRUCK AND COMPONENT CARRIES A WARRANTY. IT'S A TYPE OF QUALITY INSURANCE. WHETHER YOUR FLEET IS LARGE OR SMALL, HERE ARE SOME TIPS TO HELP ENSURE VTHAT YOUR BUSINESS IS USING THEM CORRECTLY. SIDEBAR: STANDARD CLAIM FROM COMING-SOMETIME. -- WHAT'S AVAILABLE IN WARRANTIES?


This paper will discuss how portland cement manufacturing involves the combustion of fuels with various raw materials at approximately 2,700 °F (1,500 °C) to produce clinker. Fuel costs and environmental concerns have encouraged the cement industry to explore alternatives to the use of only conventional fossil fuels. The key objective of using alternative fuels is to continue to produce high-quality cement while decreasing the use of conventional fuels and minimizing the impact on the environment. In this study, portland cement was produced at a full-scale cement plant during 3-day trial burns of various alternative fuels along with coal. The fuels combinations investigated are: 1) coal only, 2) coal and tires, 3) coal, tires, and waste plastics, and 4) coal, tires, and broiler litter. Samples of raw materials, fuels, cement kiln dust, clinker, cement, and emissions were systematically collected during each trial burn. Chemical compositions, physical characteristics, and mechanical properties were obtained for the samples collected during each burn. Chemical analyses showed that the primary chemical compounds of the cements exhibited no significant changes during the trial burn periods. Various cement and concrete properties for each trial burn were determined. Tests of drying shrinkage development, splitting tensile strength, and permeability of concrete showed no significant changes. The compressive strength of concrete from waste plastics and broiler litter burns showed an increase relative to the other two trial burns, though it is not possible to attribute this result exclusively to the use of these fuels. The NOx emissions were the lowest for the coal only and broiler litter trial burns. The VOC emissions were the lowest for the coal only and waste plastics burns. The CO emissions of the cement plant were lower for all burns that included alternative fuels. It is concluded that scrap tires, waste plastics, and broiler litter are good potential alternative fuels for use during cement production.


The article is devoted to actual issues of the peculiarities of the implementation of innovations in the market of creative industries. The concept of the market of creative industries, as well as innovations, is considered. The importance of innovations for the development of the economy, as well as the sources of their financing, are considered. A comparative analysis of the implementation of innovations in the market of creative industries and in other industries was carried out. The features of innovation implementation at «The Walt Disney Company» were analyzed.


We present a framework to determine subgroups of tetrahedron groups and tetrahedron Kleinian groups, based on tools in color symmetry theory.


Job shop scheduling problems with weighted quadratic tardiness costs are formulated as a class of transition firing problems of timed Petri nets, and a sequential Lagrangian relaxation approach is proposed to solve the scheduling problems. It is shown that the approach can not only avoid the solution oscillation in the Lagrangian relaxation approach proposed by Hoitomt and Luh, but also generate good near-optimal schedules.<<ETX>>


In this paper, a pore-scale network modeling method, based on the flow continuity residual in conjunction with a Newton-Raphson non-linear iterative solving technique, is proposed and used to obtain the pressure and flow fields in a network of interconnected distensible ducts representing, for instance, blood vasculature or deformable porous media. A previously derived analytical expression correlating boundary pressures to volumetric flow rate in compliant tubes for a pressure-area constitutive elastic relation has been used to represent the underlying flow model. Comparison to a preceding equivalent method, the one-dimensional Navier-Stokes finite element, was made and the results were analyzed. The advantages of the new method have been highlighted and practical computational issues, related mainly to the rate and speed of convergence, have been discussed.


Abstract This paper applies a previously developed sensor data qualification technique to a commercial aircraft engine simulation known as the Commercial Modular Aero-Propulsion System Simulation 40,000 (C-MAPSS40k). The sensor data qualification technique is designed to detect, isolate, and accommodate faulty sensor measurements. It features sensor networks, which group various sensors together and relies on an empirically derived analytical model to relate the sensor measurements. Relationships between all member sensors of the network are analyzed to detect and isolate any faulty sensor within the network. I. Introduction Sensor fault detection and isolation algorithms increase the reliability of systems by enabling the early detection and removal of faulty data from the control system. Undetected sensor faults can impact the performance of closed loop systems that rely on these sensor measurements; therefore the ability to remove faulty sensor data prior to control action is desired to preserve the fidelity of the system. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has previously explored sensor fault detection, isolation, and accommodation algorithms for jet engines. A survey of previous techniques has been provided by Merrill (Ref. 1). Fault detection and isolation schemes rely on redundant information to determine if a sensor measurement is valid. The redundant information can be a measurement obtained from a duplicate sensor, known as physical or direct redundancy, current or successive measurement samples from a single sensor, known as temporal redundancy, or estimated measurement information produced by a reference model which describe the expected behavior, known as analytical redundancy (Ref. 2). Common temporal redundancy checks include rate checks, which ensure that the derivative of the sensor data is less than a predetermined maximum value. Analytical redundancy relies on the use of models, such as linear mapping techniques and/or observers, to produce an estimated value that is used to determine if the data is acceptable. The NASA advanced detection, isolation, and accommodation program focused on improving the overall system reliability of aircraft engines through the use of analytical redundancy methods (Refs. 3 and 4). The applied analytical redundancy method, referred to as an accommodation filter, uses a set of optimized engine estimates to isolate the faulty sensor. This approach can remove the faulty measure-ments from further use, and in some cases can replace the faulty measurements with estimated values as part of the accommodation algorithm. The estimated sensor measurements are created from a Kalman filter that incorporates a simplified engine model. Another proposed approach is to simply select a "safe" measurement when two physically redundant channels disagree (Ref. 5). Consider a fan speed controlled engine that includes two physically redundant fan speed sensors, either of which may fail high or low. The existence of a sensor fault can be detected by comparing the measurements from the two sensors, but without an independent third channel it is not possible to isolate which of the two sensors is faulty. In such a scenario, the safe accommodation action would be to select the high sensor measurement for controlling the engine. If the fan speed sensor fails low, and the lower value is selected, the engine could over speed; resulting in a potentially catastrophic turbo machinery failure. However, if the larger value is selected and the fan speed sensor fails high, the engine will decrease its speed and power, but this is not a catastrophic event. It is noted in Reference 5,


In this study we assess the ability of high-density body-surface lead systems to resolve local dominant-frequency (DF) values. In a detailed numerical model of the human thorax, we calculate the measurement sensitivity distribution (MSD) of the 117 unipolar leads of a Dalhousie lead system. Based on the MSD, we compute the lead equivalent volume (LEV) of each unipolar lead and use it to quantify the lead spatial resolution (SR). Anterior leads positioned in columns 4-6 and rows 3-5 of the Dalhousie system have the lowest LEV values (2.4% <; LEV <; 7%) and concentrate their sensitivity mostly in the right myocardium. Higher LEV values are achieved at posterior locations (LEV >; 11%). Optimal lead positioning can increase the resolution of local DF values. However, the ability to resolve local DF values in selected regions is limited by the intrinsic MSD of body-surface leads. Our results indicate that further signal processing stages are needed to improve the SR of body-surface DF maps.


The rapid increase and use of educational technologies have a significant impact on students' privacy, personal information and metadata in higher education. The past two decades have also witnessed the process where information about students is stored and handled outside premises and control of learning institutions. The personal information about students and their activity while they interact with learning management systems (LMS) and online learning tools is increasing and is stored in cloud computing platforms, software‐as‐a‐service providers and other vendors. There are reported cases where students' personal data and information have been leaked, with possible privacy violations. Although this issue affects all students, it is important to understand the perspectives of culturally diverse students on the balancing of personal data/information and the use of technology integration in higher education. The purpose of this research was to investigate diverse students' perspectives on privacy, control of personal information, confidentiality and technology integration. The study also aimed to examine the challenges and experiences of loss of control over personal data and metadata encroachment, and protection of privacy in online education. Data were collected following a qualitative research design. Forty in‐depth and semi‐structured focus‐group interviews (26 female and 24 male students) from four academic disciplines (Education, Social Sciences, Business, and Health Sciences) in a public university in the United States were obtained and analysed following a constant comparative analysis approach. Findings show evidence of fear and anxiety about data encroachment, challenges from bureaucratic procedures and lack of educational awareness, privacy concerns about LMS and social media. These results contribute to a new understanding regarding diverse students' knowledge, challenges and experiences on how to balance privacy, confidentiality and technology integration in higher education.
What is already known about this topic

Considering the increasing Internet world, where new technologies and mobile computing are interwoven in the use of digital technologies and access to information, balancing students' privacy and technology integration is essential in providing students assurance of their data security and privacy.
Few studies have explored diverse students' perspectives on privacy and technology integration that include control of personal information, confidentiality and technology integration. Further, there is a dearth of studies on the challenges and experiences of diverse students regarding the loss of control over personal data and metadata encroachment, and protection of privacy in online education.
Although rapid digitalization sparked studies about privacy and data usage, such as the perception of privacy breaches for the purpose of COVID‐19 pandemic control, few studies have also raised privacy issues related to student data usage in higher education institutions (HEIs) in the post‐COVID‐19 context. To realise justice technology integration and data usage in HEIs, students' perspectives on privacy should be examined.
What this paper adds

The results show the following: fear and anxiety about data encroachment, challenges from bureaucratic procedures and lack of educational awareness, privacy concerns about LMS and social media.
The result from this work also illustrates that it would be hard for students to evaluate their privacy risk due to lack of educational opportunity to balance privacy and technologies usage, and the blurred boundaries between LMS and third parties including social media in technology integration.
Implications for practice and/or policy

The paper identifies how the rapid increase and use of educational technologies have, in many ways, influenced diverse students' personal information and metadata in higher education.
The paper makes detail recommendations on how HEIs can address the issue of balancing privacy and technology integration as an essential strategy by providing students assurance of their data security and privacy.


Report presents the results of normal-pressure tests made of 56 rectangular plates with clamped edges and of 5 plates with freely supported edges. Pressure was applied and the center deflection and the permanent set at the center were measured. For some of the plates, in addition, strains and contours were measured.


A method for detecting and locating leaks in the plastic liner of a waste disposal pond has been implemented and tested at a site near Budmerice in Slovakia. The method is based on detecting electric current flowing through holes in the insulating lining membrane. Unlike similar methods employed elsewhere, this implementation allows monitoring for leaks that may develop during and after filling the pond with electrically inhomogeneous solid waste. To accomplish this goal, sensing electrodes were placed below the membrane during construction. In operation, current was passed between an electrode inside the pond and another outside; the voltage caused by this current was observed on the buried sensing electrodes. The data were then processed to detect and locate any leaks in the membrane. An important practical concern is achieving acceptable detectability and location accuracy while using a sufficiently sparse grid of sensing electrodes. This problem was overcome by two processing steps: (1) calculating el...


In this article we are going to study the influence graphene oxide and graphite have on thermal characteristics of polyester composites with the previously mentioned additives. By using the TMA method we managed to determine the coefficient of linear thermal expansion (CLTE) as well as the Tg of polyester composites with graphene oxide and graphite. We also calculated the average value of CLTE for the entire temperature interval studied, for temperatures below Tg in the 30-50 0 C interval and temperatures higher than Tg, in 70-190 0 C interval. For each of these values it has been noticed a significant decrease of CLET. The influence of the additives on Tg of the polyester composites additivated with graphene oxide and graphite has resulted in its increase


Cobalt ferrite and magnetite nanoparticles are superparamagnetic materials. Stable suspensions of superparamagnetic nanoparticles are magnetic fluids. Stable magnetic fluids are prepared by the addition of surfactants to supporting polar or nonpolar media. We have studied the preparation of magnetic nanoparticles based on cobalt ferrite or magnetite, and stabilized the obtained product in an aqueous suspension. We found the optimal co-precipitation time for cobalt ferrite at 90 °C to be 2 h. Under such conditions the product exhibited the lowest amount of amorphous phase (46.2 %), average particle diameter 10.2 nm and a relatively high proportion of agglomerated particles ( 30 %). The product is therefore destabilized in an aqueous solution of polyvinylpyrrolidone K. The optimal co-precipitation time for magnetite at 90 °C is 30 min. After 30 min the product has no amorphous phase, average particle diameter is 6.8 nm and the proportion of agglomerated particles is low ( 3 %). The product is poorly stabilized because the proportion of agglomerated particles increases when the magnetite is re-dispersed in an aqueous solution of polyvinylpyrrolidone K. Magnetite prepared with the Massart method has a small amount of amorphous phase ( 4 %), average particle diameter is 6 nm and a low proportion of agglomerated particles (4.5 %) and is therefore well stabilized in an aqueous solution of polyvinylpyrrolidone K.


Serving as chair is a significant point in the career of any faculty member who inhabits the office. It is a position with high highs and low lows, significant stressors and some perks, the chance to have a positive impact on a program, and the near certainty that at some point you will generate disagreement with almost everyone in the department. The department chair is a boundary position between the university administration and the faculty; a chair inhabits both worlds, but resides fully in neither. Chairs are charged with numerous responsibilities and often lack full authority needed to accomplish their mission. In short, the department chair is a position unlike any other, and time spent in that role will not be soon forgotten. ... Why would anyone want to be a department chair? There are many answers, but for me, it is the opportunity to make a positive impact on a larger scale than is possible as a non-administrative faculty member. If you have a concern for the common good, an insightful sense of vision, a love of making things better, and tenacity in pursuing those goals in the face of obstacle's, the chair's office offers a unique opportunity to contribute. Not only can you make the department better, but the work as chair also is central to the well-being of our discipline, as I'll explain later. This is important work that affects individuals at your institution and the


Right sided transdiaphragmatic liver herniation is a rare type of diaphragmatic hernia. Three such cases in adults are reported. A localized hepatic herniation (type III) masquerading as pulmonary neoplasm was revealed in one, while in the other two cases liver herniation was accompanied by herniation of bowel (type III). A history of trauma was present in all three patients with a latent period between injury and discovery of diaphragmatic hernia ranging from 10–20 years. The role of current imaging modalities in arriving at the correct diagnosis is emphasized.


"House of Maze" is a survival horror video game. The game is created with the purpose of providing a game that can create a sense of fear and shocking. Where the player also think looking for a way out the maze with various challenges, provide new experiences maze with three-dimensional view and the new feature virtual reality with Oculus Rift. Users positioned as a player who got stuck in a maze with a dog house and ghosts in it. Player must find a way out but can only walk and needed a candle as illumination. This Game created by game engine Unity with C# as programming language.


Ralph Henstock (1923 - 2007), with (independently) Jaroslav Kurzweil, was the originator of the Riemann-complete or generalized Riemann integral. This material consists of four chapters of a book proposal to Cambridge University Press, which remained unpublished in the Henstock Archive at the University of Ulster. Section 5 presents a novel approach to taking limits under the integral sign, and goes on to place the traditional monotone and dominated convergence theorems of Lebesgue in this new context.


Calcium phosphate glasses and glass ceramics in the systemxCaO. (1-x)P 2 O 5 (0.50≤x≤0.72) have been prepared for the first time and studied by Roman and infrared spectroscopy. Glass preparation was also obtained for x=0.75 with the addition of about 10 mol% B 2 O 3 . Glasses were prepared from melts using a twin roller device and the glass ceramics after their appropriate two-step heat treatment for nucleation and crystallisation. Raman Spectra have shown the presence of phosphate chains with one or two NBOs at CaO contents around the metaphosphale composition. Very high calcium contents (x>0.60) cause the depolymerisation of the network, which is finally disrupted and consists of pyrophosphate and orthophosphate units. The infrared spectrum of the glass containing boron revealed the presence of BO 3 and BO 4 units in the phosphate network. The x-ray diffraction patterns of the thermally treated glasses show precipitation of bioresorbable crystalline phases, such as β-Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 (β TCP) and β-Ca 2 P 2 O 7 (β DCP). The glasses were exposed to a stimulated body fluid solution (SBF) for several time periods and then examined by means of Rαman micro-spectroscopy. In the glass surface of 0.75CaO.0.25P 2 O 5 -10%B 2 O 3 glass the development of hydroxyapatite microcrystals was observed.


Recent advances in decentralized configurations and perfect communication collaborate in order to ac-accomplish the Turing machine. Such a hypothesis is largely an important intent but fell in line with our expectations. In this paper, confirm the emulation of telephony, which embodies the typical principles of complexity theory. In this work propose an analysis of context-free grammar (Seg), which uses to demonstrate that the World Wide Web and IPv7 can agree to realize this intent.


NURBS has become only way in describing free curve and surface of product modeling because of its rich expression and flexible design characteristics.In this paper,matching measured data of free surface of product in RE with NURBS is put forward and NURBS model of product is set.On this basis,NC machining of free surface of product is discussed and algorithm of cutter trail data is proposed.Thus,the coordinate of needed points and core trail of cutter in surface machining could be acquired.The free surfaces of product can be easily machined with simple NC codes.The machining quality and efficiency is good,and the requirement of machining accuracy can be met.At the end of the paper,an application example is given.


Summary Male undergraduates (N = 126) with either low, medium, or high levels of experimentally induced anxiety were exposed to either no distracting material, nonhumorous distracting material (interesting but neutral quotations), or humorous distracting material (jokes). Jokes were more effective in reducing anxiety than either quotations or no distractions. Anxiety reduction was related to the degree to which Ss perceived the jokes as funny.


Background: NF-B is a characteristic transcriptional factor whose functional activity is determined by post-translational modification of protein and subsequent change of subcellular localization. The involvement of the NF-B family of the transcription factors in the control of such vital cellular functions as immune response, acute phase reaction, replication of certain viruses and development and differentiation of cells has been clearly documented in many previous studies. Several recent observations have suggested that the NF-B might also be involved in the carcinogenesis of some hematological and solid tumors. Investigating the possibility that members of the NF-B family participate in the molecular control of malignant cell transformation could provide invaluable information on both molecular pathogenesis and cancer-related gene therapy. Method: To determine the expression patterns and functional roles of NF-B family transcription factors in human lung cancer cell lines NCI-H792, NCI-H709, NCI-H226 and NCI-H157 were analysed by western blot, using their respective antibodies. The nuclear and the cytoplasmic fraction of protein extract of these cell lines were subsequently obtained and NF-B expression in each fraction was again determined by western blot analysis. The type of NF-B complex present in the cells was determined by immunoprecipitation. To detect the binding ability of cell-line nuclear extracts to the KB consensus oligonucleotide, electrophoretic mobility shift assay(EMSA) was performed. Results: In the cultured human lung cancer cell lines tested, transcription factors of the NF-B family, namely the p50 and p65 subunit were expressed and localized in the nuclear fraction of the cellular extract by western blot analysis and immunocytochemistry. Immunoprecipitation assay showed that in the cell, the p50 and p65 subunits made NF-B complex. Finally it was shown by Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay(EMSA) that nuclear extracts of lung cancer cell lines are able to bind to NF-B consensus DNA sequences. Conclusion: These data suggest that in human lung cancer cell lines the NF-B p50/p65 complex might be activated. and strengthen the hypothesis that NF-B family transcription factors might be involved in the carcinogenesis of human lung cancer.


its music. A survey of the profusion of "goofs" listed on the Internet Movie Data base (http://www.imdb.com [accessed 19 August 2009]), with their delight in anachronisms involving uniforms, firearms, haberdashery, and the like, will yield scarcely a single music item comparable to, say, the case of "10,000 Cattle Gone Astray" sung by Chihuahua in My Darling Clemen tine. According to the film's press book, Ford was so concerned about musical authenticity that at his behest Twentieth Century-Fox dispatched researchers to Arizona to interview residents of Tomb stone and Tucson about authentic tunes for the film, and that "10,000 Cattle" was among the yield. "Interesting, because it wasn't written until 1904," muses Kalinak, "but perhaps those old-timers in Tomb stone remembered Chihuahua singing it" (p. 79), which strikes a reader as a bit of a stretch, since presumably the press book research preceded release of the film. The important thing, it seems, is that music doesn't have to be period music to sound like period music. The issue is made more complex by the role music plays within and without a film's diegesis. Claudia Gorbman's terminology for this distinction has become well-nigh standard among scholars of film music: diegetic for "music that (apparently) issues from a source within the narrative" and nondiegetic for any music lacking such a narrative source (Unheard Melodies: Narrative Film Music [Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1987], 22–3). The distinction oversimplifies a relationship that Gorbman herself acknowledges is inherently ambiguous. As with the example of "10,000 Cattle," music enters the time of a film (both the time of the story and the time of its telling) in a way different from image, sound, and dialogue. Music being tenseless, no one cares whether Rick Blaine hears the strains of the orchestra that Steiner slips beneath Sam's piano as the music migrates from diegesis to narrative in Casablanca, but we distinguish clearly and for good reason between the youthful protagonist and the older narrator in To Kill a Mockingbird or Angela's Ashes, even though they are the same person. As her thesis demands, Kalinak is sensitive to the subtleties of deploying Gorb man's terminology. Especially commendable is her analysis of the musical differences between the pre-release and release versions of Clementine. The first reel, she notes, is identical, and includes nondiegetic cues different from the rest of the film in its pre-release version, notably "The Prairie" and "Elegy," both composed not by the film's credited composer, Cyril Mockridge, but by David Bottolph. Kalinak surmises, persuasively in my view, that these were added at the behest of Darryl Zanuck and stand out from the rest of the score as "un-Fordian." Why is this? Not because they are nondiegetic, but because they disturb both the otherwise pervasive period flavor in the film and, Kalinak argues, how Ford throughout his career believed the West ought to be sung. Serious students of music and film, either singly or together, will want to read and study this impressive book carefully not only for the skill with which it illuminates its immediate subject, but also for the example it sets in applying close cultural analysis and thoroughgoing archival research to music's singular role in films and filmmaking.


The Drung, or Dulong, are a social group of a few thousand people living mainly in the Dulong River valley of Southwest China at the frontiers of Myanmar and Tibet. There are still a few elderly Drung women alive today whose faces were tattooed when they were girls, and for the Chinese, photographs of these tattoos have come to symbolise the "savage" and "exotic" (p. 42) character of the remote borderlands of Yunnan Province. Until the 1960s, the valley did not have a road connecting it to th...


This report views the application of generally accepted accounting principles to life insurance financial reporting from the point of view of risk theory. It outlines the problem and the unique urgency that characterizes it. The nature of the solutions being developed is not yet known even though deadlines are fast approaching. When the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, the AICPA, issued its Audit Guide for Stock Life Insurance Companies, the Audit Guidel very early in 1973, it did not represent the end point of a long and difficult course. Rather it represented only a way station or perhaps a temporary stopping point in a long and difficult course that is far from completed. It took about six years of very intensive effort on the part of the AICPA Committee to produce this Audit Guide. This effort was paralleled by an equally intensive and fully cooperative effort on the part of representatives of the life insurance industry2 and in the later years on the part of the Actuarial Profession.3 There are many important questions that have not been resolved, such as the application of generally accepted accounting principles to Mutual Life Insurance. In fact, there was a large amount of faith involved in the issuance of the Audit Guide because the principles articulated in the Dale R. Gustafson, F.S.A., is Actuary in the Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Company. Before going to the Northwestern, Mr. Gustafson was Vice PresidentAdministration for the American Life Insurance Association (1973), Actuary for the American Life Convention (1965-72), and Vice President and Chief Actuary for United Benefit Life Insurance Company (1963-65). He served for four years as a Director of ARIA. This paper was presented at the 1973 Annual Meeting of ARIA. lAudits of Stock Life Insurance Companies, prepared by the Committee on Insurance Accounting and Auditing of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, released in early 1973. 2joint Committee on Financial Reporting Principles of the American Life Convention and the Life Insurance Association of America, (merged into the American Life Insurance Association on January 2, 1973.) 3 The Joint Actuarial Committee on Financial Reporting, formed in 1970 by the American Academy of Actuaries, the Canadian Institute of Actuaries, the Casualty Actuarial Society, the Conference of Actuaries in Public Practice and the Society of Actuaries and the Committee on Financial Reporting Principles formed in 1972 by the American Academy of Actuaries.


The present invention belongs to the field of microbial testing, discloses a rapid and accurate detection of live food production methods did not produce DON and DON of Bacillus cereus. DON coding for Bacillus cereus and Bacillus cereus cesB the 16S rRNA primers were designed, propidium bromide using azide (PMA) to eliminate the interference of Bacillus cereus in food dead cells, boiling water bath method of extracting food in viable DNA, multiplex PCR. Add internal amplification noncompetitive (IAC) indicative of false negative results in the PCR system that may be present. This method avoids the common molecular biology methods detecting false negative and false positive results interference, so that more accurate detection result, while the present method compared with the conventional culturing methods, the detection time is shorter.


Jacques Ellul's book, The Meaning of the City(1970), a biblical study of cities from Genesis to Revelation and widely recognized as one of the most important twentieth century theological reflections on the city, was one of his most controversial scholarly contributions. Many urbanists interpreted the book as demeaning the city and diminishing the importance of urban policy, planning, design, architecture, and activism at a time when cities around the world had experience profound crises. But following Ellul's critique of New Urbanism on the grounds of technology, I show how his work also critiques New Urbanism on the grounds of theology.
New Urbanism is by far the most significant theory of town planning since Modernist visions of urban form in the early 20th century. Here, I assess New Urbanism through the lens of Jacques Ellul's The Technological Society(1954) and The Meaning of the City. This article reexamines The Meaning of the City and its relevance to twenty-first century urbanism.


The kinetics of the photodecomposition of 2-pyrazinecarboxylic acid adsorbed on colloidal silver is investigated using SERS as a probe. Analysis of the rate of formation of surface carbon as a function of laser fluence and wavelength indicates that the rate-determining step in the photoprocess involves two-photon excitation of the arene to a π * excited state. At high laser fluences, both the SERS signal and the apparent photodecomposition rate appear to decrease with time. This is ascribed to thermal fragmentation of the colloidal aggegates responsible for SERS


Midodrine (MD) is a prodrug which is converted into Desglymidodrine
(DMD) after oral administration.

Objective: The aim of the present study is to develop and validate a precise, accurate liquid chromatography-
tandem mass spectroscopy (LC-MS/MS) method for the separation and detection of Midodrine
and Desglymidodrine.

 The quantification of prodrug Midodrine (MD) and its active metabolite Desglymidodrine
(DMD) in human plasma was performed using simple and economical protein precipitation method.
Caffeine was used as an internal standard (IS). LC separation was carried out using Jones C18 column
(4.6mm x 150mm, 3µm). Isocratic elution was performed using 10mM ammonium formate (pH 4.0
adjusted with formic acid): methanol 30:70, v/v as a mobile phase, at a constant of flow of 0.5 ml/min.

 Mass spectrometric detection was carried out at positive electrospray ionization with proton
adducts at m/z 255.0˃237.1, 198.1˃180.2 and 195.0˃138.1 for Midodrine, Desglymidodrine and caffeine
(IS) respectively, in MRM mode. The method was validated over a linear concentration range of
0.3-110 ng/ml (r2 =0.996 and r2 =0.9988) for both Midodrine and Desglymidodrine. The recovery of
Midodrine and Desglymidodrine were found to be 99 ± 0.12%. The precision (intra-day and inter-day)
and accuracy studies fulfilled the acceptance criteria.

 The method shows to be stable for the studied stability parameters and was successfully
applied for clinical pharmacokinetic studies.


In the modern, extant world of practical history, the dominant "democratic" tradition splits sharply into three, often hostile strands. These strands are liberal democracy, social revolutionary democracy, and participatory democracy. Especially for analytical purposes, it is important to see these strands as distinct sharing only the vaguest general commitment to government by and for broad reaches of the population (the demos). However, the three strands, for all their differences—and hostilities—should be seen historically as standing in profound and significant dialectical relationship with each other. In this light, liberal and social revolutionary democracy are opposites in an antithetical tension that is increasingly extreme. Participatory democracy will then appear as a third term, a still emerging synthetical response arising out of attempts to resolve the tension between the two earlier democratic variants, and clearly showing marks of its inheritance from them.


With fast pace of increase in vehicular population, even the small towns in India are facing serious traffic and parking problems. So, traffic planning from modern perspectives becomes the need of the hour. Today, the much-adopted transport planning tool for urban centres has been the simulation models and there are many such models that are available for the purpose. But, while many resources have been devoted to the development of more complex computer modelling tools (e.g., UrbanSim and TRANSIMS etc.), less attention is focused on simpler modelling approaches. In the case of the small towns of India, it is next to impossible to think for a modern and sophisticated method of transportation planning, not only because they are too expensive, time consuming, but also from the view point of expertise and other managerial constraints. So, this paper preferred to take the help of the approach suggested in famous 'Traffic in Towns', 1963 (popularly known as Buchanan Report after Professor Colin Buchanan). To illustrate the role of the adopted approach, the present work uses a descriptive case study of Tezpur town. More specifically, this case study provides a practical study to suggest that this simpler approach can be a cost-effective approach to support certain aspects of the urban planning decision-making process.


AbstractThis paper examines the history and current dilemmas of commissioners of social care. It reflects on the development of markets in the social care field and how this has impacted on commissioners and providers alike. It considers the aims and impact of the Government's White Paper 'Our Health, Our Care, Our say' on commissioning, including the dilemmas of individualisation of budgets and greater user control, and the need for market development. It also considers outcomes, whole systems approaches, community involvement and the development of longer term commissioning strategies through improved demand forecasting. It concludes that service redesign will be key to moving towards the position the Government envisages.


The effects of different stem parts and different cutting mediums on the rooting of the cutting of everlasting pea(Lathyrus latifolius L.) were studied.The result showed that the top part of stem of everlasting pea had the best rooting capacity.In the stem cutting experiment,it had better effects on rooting rate(66.67%) and the length,surface area and and volume of root.All index of root system was extremely significant compared with other parts(P0.01);In the growth performance of overground part,no significant difference was observed on the average new leaves of stem cutting,but new shoot length was different(P0.05).The mixed media had the best rooting capacity in different medium experiments,in which the rooting rate was 65.3% that was better than others,and the surface area of root and root volume of root system index were significantly different from other mediums(P0.01);but the growth status of overground part was not as well as the mixed media,and there was a significant difference in new leaves(P0.05),but no difference in new shoot lengh.


The optical properties of self-assembled InAs dots on InP have been measured by photoluminescence, and using a selective chemical etching of the InP cap layer, the geometrical properties of the same dots have been determined by atomic force microscopy. From the dot dimensions, the calculated (n=1) electron to heavy hole transition energies with a simple model are strongly correlated to the measured photoluminescence spectra. This technique allows a better understanding of the correlation between structural and optical properties of self-assembled dots.


The dental professionals including dental X-ray technicians compass a variety of occupational risks including X-ray radiation. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine the effects of X-ray radiations on the phagocytic activity of Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) in dental X-ray technicians. The present pilot study was conducted in the Department ofPhysiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia during the year of 2003. A group of 8 apparently healthy dental X-ray technicians were recruited with age ranging from 22-49 years. They were matched with another group of8 control healthy subjects in terms ofage, sex and ethnic variation. Phagocytic activity of whole blood and PMNs was determined by measuring chemiluminescence (CL) response through a chemiluminescence luminometer. The mean values for chemiluminescence (CL) response was not decreased in dental X-ray technicians compared to their controls. A better protection and low dose exposure to X-ray radiation does not affects the physiological functions of PMNs by means of chemiluminescence response. However, a large size studies are further required to confirm the affects of Dental X ray radiation on the phagocytic activity of Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) in dental X-ray technicians.


Lock-free data structures provide a progress guarantee and are known for facilitating scalability, avoiding deadlocks and livelocks, and providing guaranteed system responsiveness. In this paper we present a design for a lock-free balanced tree, specifically, a Btree. The Btree data structure has an important practical applications, and is used in various storage-system products. As far as we know this is the first design of a lock-free, dynamic, and balanced tree, that employs standard compare-and-swap operations. ∗Supported by THE ISRAEL SCIENCE FOUNDATION (grant No. 283/10). †Dept. of Computer Science, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel email@example.com ‡Dept. of Computer Science, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel email@example.com


A number of calix[4]arene-azacrowns with variation in ring size and substituents at the upper and lower rims have been synthesized to investigate the effect of steric crowding towards ion selectivity. The structural elucidation of these ionophores has been carried out mainly by 1H NMR and ES-MS in solution and by single crystal X-ray study in the solid state. Interaction of these ionophores with a large number of cations has been investigated by NMR studies. The ionophore with tert-butyl at the upper rim (3) exhibits selectivity towards Na+ only whereas an ionophore of the same size but without tert-butyl at the upper rim (1) shows selectivity towards both Na+ and K+. An ionophore of the same size but with three tosyl substituents at the lower rim (4) exhibits no complexation with any cation. The ionophore with the larger crown ring and without tert-butyl at the upper rim (2) exhibits complexation with K+, Rb+, Ba2+ and weak interaction with Na+. Binding constants with these metal ions have been determined by NMR titration. Molecular modeling studies performed by a molecular mechanics force field (MMFF94) using the Monte Carlo search method and DFT calculations predicted the observed higher selectivity for sterically crowded receptor.


In the world of growing uncertainty, a change is the road without real purpose. Upcoming events can be successfully planned and controlled in a shorter time perspective. With time distance from the current standing point, the level of uncertainty increases while probability of outcomes of events that occurred with an effect of change decrease. Dominant challengers of changes in the enterprises are the technical progress and competition. Reaction of an enterprise is its answer on challenges of changes. At the beginning, we think that we know where the change will take us, and expressed if it will be a fact for us to last as long as possible, because of the fact that at some point end will come to the existing, because a change with some other working change is inevitable. Ability to understand changes is a condition to its implementation. Changes in terms of development require an adaptation and active recurrent action, and who manages to adapt to the developing trends and conditions of environment will last and exist, who does not, will disappear.


The galaxy merging is investigated with hydrodynamical processes taken into account. For this purpose, the 3D calculations are performed by the use of a smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) scheme combined with an N-body scheme. In these calculations, we find a new merging criterion and the dependence of the central phase space density of merger remnants upon the gas fraction in progenitors. It is concluded that ellipticals can be formed just by merging of fairly gas-rich primordial galaxies, not ordinary spiral galaxies.


There was a misplaced reference in the original article in the first paragraph of Section 6 "Clinical Trials with CBD" [...].