The aim of the paper was determining, on the basis of physicochemical indices, the ecological state and usable values of water inflowing into and flowing away from a small water reservoir, and establishing its effect on the surface quality waters. The research was conducted in the "Nowy Zalew" reservoir in two measurement points situated on the water inflow to and outflow from the reservoir. Water samples were collected at monthly intervals from March to November, 2011. Mean values of 9 indices (the temperature, pH, SO4 2, Cl , Mg, H-NH4 , Mn, Na and K) were almost the same, four (total suspended solids, electrolytic conductivity, dissolved solids and Ca) were slightly lower , whereas for N-NO3 , NO3 , Fe and Ptotal clearly lower on the outflow. Moreover, aerobic conditions were more favourable on the outflow. Water in both measurement points revealed good ecological state (class II), however on the outflow this purity class was influenced by N-NO3 concentrations, whereas on the inflow also by oxygen concentrations. The inflow and outflow waters satisfied the requirements for waters in bathing resorts and those which are the natural habitat of cyprinid fish. Summing up, it may be stated that the water on the outflow reveals better physicochemical parameters than on the inflow, therefore owing to diverse processes occurring in it, the analyzed reservoir has been functioning as a biofilter, which advantageously affects the quality and usable values of surface waters.


Inspired by the activities of the international scientific collective New Keywords Collective, I present mottoes that should accompany a new opening in the design of contemporary urbanized areas. The re-modelling of the dominant spatial planning policies into intersectional and horizontal, should lead to a process of sharing public goods and the inclusion of categories of 'temporariness' and 'disassembling' in the global discourse as inevitable in times of crisis.


Abstract The thorough study on physico-chemical properties of carbon sorbents belonging to different groups of sorbents—activated charcoal, molecular sieves—Carbosieve S-III, Carboxen 1000; porous carbons—Carb I, Carb II; graphitized carbon blacks—Carbopack B. Carbotrap, Carbotrap C is presented in this paper. Measurements of the surface area, pore size and volume on the base of adsorption isotherms and pore distribution measurements, measurement of particle size and evaluation of particle shape by microscopy, searching the sorbent morphology by scanning electron microscopy, evaluation of the quality of surface by 1H MAS-and 13C MAS solid-state NMR spectroscopy and elemental analysis were employed as means for the sorbent materials characterisation. Gas-solid chromatography (GSC) has been utilised to determine the specific retention volumes at 20°C, Vg(20°C), and isosteric heat of adsorption, qst, for organic compounds belonging to various groups-n-alkanes, aromatics, halocarbons, oxygenated compounds. On...


Abstract Demystifying a largely misunderstood chapter in John Cage's biographical narrative, this article explores the pivotal role architect and philanthropist Paul Williams played in Cage's life, and for whom Cage named his famous magnetic tape composition Williams Mix (1952–53). Retracing the activities of both men, beginning with their earliest encounter at the experimental Black Mountain College in North Carolina in 1948, this investigation documents for the first time the extent of their mutually devoted relationship. Newly uncovered source material and photographs also reveal the valuable contributions Williams made as primary benefactor and mastermind of the intentional community called the Gatehill Cooperative (a.k.a. "Stony Point"), a place Cage called home for seventeen years (1954–71). There Cage developed a "hunger for nature," wrote his widely read and influential book Silence (1961), and undertook some of his most significant musical projects.


Objective:The purpose of this study was to determine which factors influence the likelihood of successful trial of labor, to evaluate the risks of VBAC and to evaluate the criteria of dystocia and the safety of VBAC. Methods:This retrospective study was peformed based on 61 pregnant women who succeeded VBAC, 37 VBAC failure women, 100 nulliparas and 100 multiparas. Results:In clinical characteristics, the parity, the number of previous cesarean section, gestational age, estimated fetal body weight by ultrasonography, and neonatal body weight had notable differences between the success and the failure group. In obstetric and historical factors, cervical effacement, dilation, and Bishop score at admission, spontaneous labor and method of induction of labor had differences. Among these factors, estimated fetal body weight by ultrasonography, cervical effacement and augmentation of labor using oxytocin were the most prognostic factors affecting the success of VBAC. In VBAC group, the duration of active-phase, second phase and total duration of labor were 313.5, 36.4 and 350.2 minutes, which were significantly shorter than nulliparas, but longer than multiparas. Conclusion:The trial of labor after cesarean section will decrease repeat operation, if it is performed under exact understanding of successful prognostic factors and the unique time length of labor. It will contribute to increase advantages for mother and economic benefits.


In recent years,some measures related to the promotion of education equalization are made and implemented.However,it faces many difficulties.The analysis of the difficulties and challenges plays an important role in promoting equalization of basic education in Jilin Province.


The Ni-Ti shape memory alloys are able to recover a preset shape by temperature change. When a shape memory material is below its transformation temperature, it can be easily deformed, but when heated, it recovers its original shape exerting considerable strength. This property is exploited in technological applications. A commercial Ni-Ti alloy, about equiatomic, submitted to aging heat-treatment at 500°C was studied. In the as received condition, the alloy showed precipitates and two phase transformations in cooling: from the matrix phase (body-centered cubic - B2) to the trigonal martensitic phase (R) and R phase to monoclinic martensitic phase (B19 '). The material was subdivided into two lots, one was studied at as-received and the other was subjected to heat treatment at 900°C for 30 minutes, aiming to solubilize the precipitates present. Tensile tests were performed at room temperature in specimens of the alloy from the two lots under two conditions: after heating to 80°C and after cooling in liquid nitrogen. Strains of 2, 4, 6 and 8% were used. The techniques of differential scanning calorimetry, electrical resistivity and internal friction were used tomeasure the phase transformation temperatures before and fter deformation. X-ray diffraction was used to identify the phases present in the material in each condition. Metallographic analysis by optical microscopy and atomic force microscopy were used to evaluate the morphology of martensite phases present in the samples. It was observed that the heat treatment solubilized part of the precipitates and caused the deletion of the R-phase. It was found that the deformation reorients the R martensite plates at low stress. The induction or reorientation of variants of existing B19' may also occur, and the amount of B19' increases with the deformation for aged samples. For the as received alloy, the temperatures of beginning and end of the formation of martensite phases were Rs=43°C, Rf =16°C, Ms=-26°C and Mf=-46°C. For the heat-treated alloys, temperatures were Ms =34°C and Mf =13°C. The reverse transformation temperatures of the aged alloy were Rs*=9°C, Rf*/As=37°C, Af=44°C for samples without deformation and occurred between 26°C and 50°C for the deformed ones. For the solubilized samples, the reverse transformation temperatures were: As=37°C and Af=65°C, there was a small increase of these temperatures in the deformed samples.


We find multiplicity results for forced oscillations of a periodically perturbed autonomous second‐order equation, the perturbing term possibly depending on the whole history of the system. The techniques that we use are topological in nature, but the technical details are hidden in the proofs and completely transparent to the reader only interested in the results.


The meanings of words in particular and the linguistic aspects, in general have been studied quite a lot by scientists so far. However, determining the meanings of language units in general and words in particular has proven difficult. The study of meanings of languages has achieved different results. For this reason, research to get into the details still needs to be deeply continued. Besides, ethnic culture is deeply rooted in the subconscious of each member of an ethnic group associated with the language. Because language is a reality of thinking and a means of forming and preserving culture, national thinking and culture are only revealed through speech (language). As a result, language research in terms of cognition and culture is very necessary and urgent in the world at large and Vietnam in particular. The research results show that all words changed their meanings from the animal to the human with regards to semantic field in order to describe the human characteristics of form, personality, etc. When changing their semantic field, these words still brought their original nuances of meaning which combined with the new definitions shaping two socially linguisctic trends - positive and negative. Among them, the number of positive words is only 2 and the negative words are up to 44 cases. Thus, the majority of words were transformed from the animal semantic field to the human one in semantically negative manner. This stems were coined from the cognition about the animals of the Vietnamese people. It is quite interesting to note that whenever Vietnamese people swear profusely, they tend to apply animal-related words, which probably shape a quite special feature of Vietnamese.


Purpose: The hypothesis of this randomized controlled trial is patients undergoing ACL reconstruction using contralateral hamstring harvest will have better quality of life and strength than using ipsilateral graft. Method: One hundred participants were assigned to the ipsilateral (IG) or contralateral (CG) group. Primary and secondary outcomes were ACL Quality of Life (ACL-QOL) and concentric isovelocity knee flexion/extension strength measured on a dynamometer at five speeds. Data was gathered pre-surgery, and at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months post-surgery. Findings to 12 months are presented. Results: ACL-QOL scores and knee flexion/extension strength were not significantly different between groups across time. Comparing side-to-side strength within each group, knee extension strength was consistently higher on the non-reconstructed side. In the IG, there were no side-to-side differences in knee flexion strength. In the CG, flexion on the reconstructed side was stronger than the grafted side early post surgery (3, 6 months) at 60 degrees/s, but this pattern was reversed at 90, 150, and 210 degrees/s. Post-hoc comparisons revealed hamstring/ quadriceps (H/Q) ratios were not different between limbs in the CG or for the uninvolved limb for the IG. However, at most time points and speeds, the H/Q ratio for the involved limb in the IG was higher than the uninvolved limb in the IG and either limb in the CG. Conclusion: This study reveals that ipsilateral graft harvest may alter the H/Q ratio. It was also demonstrated that contralateral graft harvest may normalize this effect. This may have some bearing on function and re-injury risk that should be further investigated.


This is an informal explanation of the main concepts and results of Sev96] 1. We consider typed and untyped lambda calculi. For untyped lambda calculus, we give a new method to prove properties on normalisation. For typed lambda calculus, we study the meta-theory of pure type systems with deenitions in detail and we give solutions for the problem of type inference in singly sorted pure type systems with deenitions. 1 Lambda Calculus The lambda calculus is a formal system based on a function notation invented by A. Church Chu41]. The-terms are formed with two constructors, namely the application () and the abstraction. We write (f a) to express that a function f is applied to the argument a. Let b(x) be an expression containing x. A function that assigns the value b(a) to the argument a is denoted by (x: b(x)). This justiies the deenition of a relation on the set of-terms called-reduction. ((x: b(x)) a) ! b(a)-reduction For example the term ((x:x 2) 3)-reduces to 3 2. The equivalence relation generated by the-reduction is called-conversion and is denoted by $ ! and the transitive closure of ! is denoted by ! !. An important property of-reduction is connuence. Since a term may contain several subterms of the form (x: b(x)) a (called redexes), the-reduction is not functional. This is not an obstacle for the theory of the lambda calculus due to the fact that it has the


Periodontal infections are associated with the formation and rupture of intracranial aneurysms (IAs). This study investigated the role of two key periodontal pathogens, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans.


The purpose of this research is to describe women's gender insight from a family perspective through the characterization structure in Fira Basuki's novel Atap. This research uses descriptive qualitative research methods, solving problems in a study by describing or interpreting objects in the form of social phenomena or events that are revealed through expressions. Through this research, researchers can describe data from the object of research related to aspects of women's gender insight from a family perspective through the characterization structure in Fira Basuki's novel Atap. These aspects consist of aspects of socio-cultural change through the family and aspects of violence in the family from a feminist point of view. The source of data in this reseaech is the novel Atap by Fira Basuki. The data in this research were obtained from words, sentences, or expressions contained in the novel which refer to aspects of socio-cultural change through the family and aspects of family violence from a feminist point of view. The results showed that in socio-cultural changes through the family, it was found that there was still a gender bias towards justice that was obtained by women. Gender bias is also found in the female characters Kunti, Jane and Mak Umah as a result of violence in the family from a feminist point of view. Based on the problems that arise in socio-cultural relations through the family, it should be addressed wisely and directed in the form of protection. For example, legal protection is made and the public understands the existing forms of legal protection.


Summary Contribution to the knowledge of Pentatomidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) Fauna of Southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey This study was carried out to determine of Pentatomidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) species and their host plant/ in the 64 locality between 2007 to 2009 years in Adiyaman, Diyarbakir and Şanliurfa provinces of Turkey. As a result of this study 46 species belonging to 28 genera have been determined from Pentatominae, Podopinae and Asopinae subfamilies. In these species; Derula flavoguttata Mulsant & Rey, 1856, Vilpianus galii (Wolff, 1802), Tholagmus flavolineatus (Fabricius, 1798), Dryoderes umbraculatus (Fabricius, 1775), Pausias martini (Puton, 1890), Sciocoris capitatus Jakovlev, 1882, Sciocoris hoberlandti Wagner, 1954, Sciocoris helferii Fieber, 1851, Staria lunata (Hahn, 1835), Stagonomus amoenus (Brulle, 1832) and Leprosoma inaequale Horvath, 1911 have been firstly recorded in the Adiyaman, Diyarbakir and Şanliurfa provinces. Also,


Previous studies have reported that a third dose of the BNT162b2 (Pfizer) COVID-19 vaccine increased antibody titers and protective efficacy. Here we compare humoral and cellular immune responses in 65 individuals who were vaccinated with the BNT162b2 vaccine and were boosted after at least 6 months with either Ad26.COV2.S (Johnson & Johnson; N=41) or BNT162b2 (Pfizer; N=24).


The authors have found that the reaction of glycerol with sulfur tetrafluoride in anhydrous hydrogen fluoride under mild conditions leads unexpectedly to 3-fluoro-1,2-propylene sulfite. This abnormal reaction, which makes it possible to realize selective substitution of only one hydroxyl group by fluorine, evidently takes place through the formation of the intermediate fluorosulfite. The resulting sulfite represents a mixture of the endo and exo forms. Gas-liquid chromatography and NMR spectroscopy, carried out in deuterated acetone, were used to determine the sulfite. Chemical shifts and spin-spin coupling constants are analyzed.


This paper is concerned with the problem min $\{ f(x)\mid x \in X\} $ where X is a convex subset of a linear space H, and f is a smooth real-valued function on H. We propose the class of methods $x_{k + 1} = P(x_k - \alpha _k g_k )$, where P denotes projection on X with respect to a Hilbert space norm $\| \cdot \|$ , $g_k $ denotes the Frechet derivative of f at $x_k $ with respect to another Hilbert space norm $\| \cdot \|_k $ on H, and $\alpha _k $ is a positive scalar stepsize. We thus remove an important restriction in the original proposal of Goldstein [1] and Levitin and Poljak [2], where the norms $\| \cdot \|$ and $\| \cdot \|_k $ must be the same. It is therefore possible to match the norm $\| \cdot \|$ with the structure of X so that the projection operation is simplified while at the same time reserving the option to choose $\| \cdot \|_k $on the basis of approximations to the Hessian of f so as to attain a typically superlinear rate of convergence. The resulting methods are particularly attrac...


Interest in agroforestry as land use practice continues to revive due to it's social, economic, and especially environmental and climate change mitigation benefits. This article encompasses results of productivity of hemiboreal agroforestry system combining rows of wild cherry and small-leaved lime with perennial grasses ( Phalaris arundinacea L. and Festulolium pabulare ) and legumes ( Galega orientalis Lam.). Experimental plot of agroforestry system was established in agricultural land on mineral soil in central part of Latvia in the spring of 2011. Different fertilizers such as by-products of bioenergy production (wood ash, digestate), municipal waste (wastewater sludge) and mineral fertilizers were used to compensate nutrients in the soil and soil buffer capacity. Survival rate of the trees (especially for wild cherry) in agroforestry systems was relatively very low, mostly due to winter frosts and later browsing by hares. Nevertheless, results of our study highlighted that both used fertilizers and interactions between trees and herbaceous plants impact total productivity of system including tree growth, yields of biomass and seeds of herbaceous plants as well as chemical composition of biomass of herbaceous plants. Whereas obtained biomass of herbaceous plants can be used for both forage and energy production purposes, the benefits and risks of fertilization must be assessed on a case-by-case basis depending on the intended use of biomass.


DNA is copied by the replisome, a multi-protein assembly that couples polymerase and helicase activities. In eukaryotes, there are three main replicative polymerases (α, e, δ) and the CMG (Cdc45-MCM-GINS) helicase is a three-member complex, where MCM (minichromosome maintenance) constitutes the motor while Cdc45 (cell division cycle 45) and GINS (go-ichi-ni-san) are essential cofactors. Pol e is unique in that the protein is essential while cells where the catalytic domain is deleted become severely sick yet are still viable. Therefore, it was believed to have an additional role apart from DNA synthesis and proposed to recruit GINS to MCM together with Sld2 (synthetic lethal with Dpb11) and Dpb11 (DNA polymerase B-binding protein subunit 11) as part of the pre-LC (pre-loading complex). The role of Pol e in helicase assembly was investigated by biochemical approaches and its structure was determined by electron microscopy both in isolation and in complex with CMG in order to investigate the helicase-polymerase coupling. The structural part of this work was performed in collaboration with Alessandro Costa's Macromolecular Machines Laboratory and all microscopy work as well as data analysis was performed by the collaborators. The non-catalytic part of Pol e was found to bind Sld2, Dpb11 and GINS while the catalytic domain was found to interact with Sld3. These results support the notion that the essential role of Pol e is to aid CMG assembly. Although the pre-LC was reconstituted in vitro and independently of origins, it is still not clear whether its formation is strictly required. Pol e was found to be made up of two lobes connected by a thin linker, which spatially separates the catalytic and non-catalytic portions of the assembly. The inactive lobe appears anchored at the front of the helicase while the catalytic lobe extends towards the side of CMG and adapts two conformations. Such positioning of the polymerase deviates from the classical model of the replisome, where polymerases trail behind the helicase and raises questions about the path of DNA through this assembly. The role of the conformational switch is not known, but it may be important for substrate engagement by Pol e.


this context, we have found cell block preparation of cytologic material to be extremely beneficial, with the potential for further reducing the need for surgical excision. To illustrate this point, we performed a 10-year retrospective review of all cytologic specimens, including FNAC and body cavity fluids, that were diagnostic of lymphoma and in which a cell block was prepared. We studied 171 specimens from 160 patients (72 male, 88 female) with an age range of 4–92 years (mean 64). Specimens included 138 FNAC and 33 body cavity fluids (24 pleural, 7 peritoneal and 2 pericardial). Cell block morphology was contributory in 162 cases (95%). Immunophenotyping on cell blocks was performed in 91 cases (53%), and yielded interpretable results in 84 (92%). Clinically meaningful lymphoma diagnoses, based solely on cytomorphology (Figure 1) and in some cases cell block immunocytochemistry (Figure 2), were made in 145 cases (85%), with diagnostic groups including large cell (n = 112, 77%), low grade (n = 21, 14%), Hodgkin (n = 8, 5%), lymphoblastic (n = 3, 2%) and anaplastic lymphoma (n = 1, 1%). We therefore conclude that in our laboratory, cell blocks provided contributory morphology (95%) and, when attempted, sufficient material for immunophenotyping (92%), with fixation and processing more akin to routine tissue immunohistochemistry than immunostained preparations of smears, cytospins or monolayer slides. Evaluation of cell block material thereby contributed to a clinically meaningful diagnosis of lymphoma in a high percentage (85%) of our cases. The number of diagnostic cases may have been even greater if, in a subset of cases, ancillary studies were not deferred to concurrent FC or biopsy material. We put forth that cell block preparations are a valuable adjunct in the cytologic diagnosis of lymphoma.


Being a small, resource-constrained country, Singapore has been dependent on the import of energy products, such as coal, petroleum, natural gas, etc., since its independence. Specifically, it has relied on natural gas, which is the cleanest form of fossil fuel, for several years. In the past, the natural gas supply came from the neighboring countries of Indonesia and Malaysia through pipelines. However, the construction of the Singapore Liquefied Natural Gas Terminal in 2013 allowed Singapore to import and store liquefied natural gas from many different countries and sources, thus broadening its natural gas supply options. A four-switch approach (see Figure 1) was presented with the aim of having a future where energy is sustainable, reliable, affordable, and produced and consumed efficiently. The four switches mentioned are as follows:


This project is focused on understanding the processes of failure evolution (from triggering to propagation) and deformation mechanisms of Deep Seated Gravitational Movement (DSGSD) and Rock Avalanches (RA) in massive brittle rock slopes. In particular, the focus of this work is directed to the failure mechanism of these phenomena, the influence of failure mechanisms on the slope stability and dynamics of the collapse. This research aims to improve the understanding and modeling of brittle fracture and progressive failure in massive metamorphic rock slopes though a combination of structural geology, geomechanics, geomorphology, numerical and experimental modeling.
Triggering factors and failure mechanisms were study on one mass wasting phenomena in the Easten Alps (Ridnaun Valley Rock Avalanche). The left slope of the Ridnaun Valley (Sterzing/Vipiteno, South Tyrol, Italy), set on the crystalline units of the Austoalpine Nappe of the alpine orogenic wedge, shows evidence of quaternary gravitational evolution which highly depends on the brittle/ductile structural setting of the slope. Detailed field work and LiDAR-derived digital elevation model analysis clearly revealed different gravitational movements. A fully evolved gravitational collapse, having the typical features of a Rock Avalanche (RA), characterizes the central part of the slope; whereas to the east and west of the RA, deep - seated gravitational slope deformations, pointed out for the first time with this research, still involve the slope.
Making use of different approaches, such as geomorphology, structural geology and geomechanical analysis, and numerical modeling, the present work shows how the brittle/ductile tectonic setting acts on one hand as primary controlling factors of the detected large mass movements; on the other hand, can control the evolutionary type of failure (i.e.: rock avalanche).
It is expected that the findings obtained through this investigation will enhance our fundamental knowledge on DSGSD evolutionary type on poly - deformed metamorphic masses, particularly with regard to understanding the key stages of the progressive evolution of rock slope failures from a secondary creep stage to the sudden collapse.


The traditional core hardware power quality monitor has such disadvantages as long development cycle,poor extended performance,and high maintenance costs. Based on LabVIEW software development platform,virtual power quality monitoring system was designed.By means of the simulating grid,power quality index deviations such as bias voltage,frequency,phase imbalance,and harmonic analysis had been achieved and monitored in order to meet the increasing test requirements of electricity system,and improve the operational efficiency of the power grid.


A simple, sensitive, accurate, precise and reproducible extractive spectrophotometric method was developed for estimation of Hydroxychloroquine Sulphate (HCQS) in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form. The method is based on formation of ion pair complex of Hydroxychloroquine Sulphate with Bromocresol green dye in acidic medium. This complex extracted in chloroform and measured quantitatively at 421nm for estimation of Hydroxychloroquine Sulphate present in the sample. In this method estimation was also done by using Smartphone Application known as PhotoMetrix pro. Beer Lambert's law obeyed over a range of 2-10 μg/ml for HCQS by UV spectrophotometric (r²=0.9988) and by SmartPhone Image analysis (r²=0.999) method. The developed method was successfully applied for estimation of Hydroxychloroquine Sulphate in three commercial product tablet dosage form without interference from common additives. The assay was found to be 100.09%, 100.8%, 98.6% by UV and 99.2%, 101.46%, 101.1% using PhotoMetrix for three formulation containing Hydroxychloroquine Sulphate. The developed method was also validated according to ICH Q2 guideline for linearity, range, accuracy, and precision. Comparison for both method UV and PhotoMetrix done by performing t-test, result shows that there is no significant difference between both method so PhotoMetrix can be used as alternative to UV for routine analysis of Hydroxychloroquine Sulphate.
Keywords: Hydroxychloroquine Sulphate, Bromocresol green, Potassium Hydrogen Phthalate buffer, UV spectrophotometric, PhotoMetrix.


The role of sheep in the dispersal of seed of Romulea rosea was examined. It was found that the grazing animals ingested large numbers of seeds, and that although germination of defaecated seed was not high, each sheep dispersed more than 500 viable seeds per day. Under laboratory conditions sheep varied greatly in the rate of passage of seed, but germinability was not greatly reduced, compared with the original sample. Germination of samples of seed was studied on a thermogradient plate. Relative to some other components of pasture, germination was slow, and it was also much more reduced by temperatures above 16.5°C. These features, and perennation through corms, assist Romulea rosea in persisting in areas of variable summer rainfall.


Based on the state-of-art of on-scale trades of transportation agents in China,this paper points out that the management level of transportation agents' on-scale trade is lower than abroad and lacks a powerful competitive ability.It further analyzes the intrinsic reasons.The necessity of changing external environment is illustrated from technological aspect,and the way to improve the low management level is also proposed from the view of enterprise management.The paper deeply analyzes the way of building transportation agents union based on virtual enterprise,which includes the current mode of economic development,the change of transportation agent client's requirement,and the feasibility and theoretical basis of building transportation agents union based on virtual enterprise.Finally,the paper makes the conclusion that building transportation agents union based on virtual enterprise not only meets the requirement of traditional transportation agents industry,but also satisfies the client's changing requirements.


As for People's Liberation Army units of affordable housing in a third phase,large size foundation plane,and the geological conditions and circumstances surrounding the complex characteristics of foundation,through a combination of mixing method,soil nailing,sloping,concrete spray noodles way to obtain a good supporting effect.


"In the present study we evaluated the effect of partial ventricular amputation (PVA) in the heart of the adult urodele amphibian (Ambystoma mexicanum) in vivo on spontaneous heart contractile activity recorded in vitro in association to the structural recovery at one, five, 30 and 90 days after injury. One day after PVA, ventricular-tension (VT) (16 ± 3%), atrium-tension (AT) (46 ± 4%) and heart rate (HR) (58+10%) resulted lower in comparison to control hearts. On days five, 30 and 90 after damage, values achieved a 61 ± 5, 93 ± 3, and 98 ± 5% (VT), 60 ± 4, 96 ± 3 and 99 ± 5% (AT) and 74 ± 5, 84 ± 10 and 95 ± 10% (HR) of the control values, respectively. Associated to contractile activity recovery we corroborated a gradual tissue restoration by cardiomyocyte proliferation. Our results represent the first quantitative evidence about the recovery of heart of A. mexicanum restores its functional capacity concomitantly to the structural recovery of the myocardium by proliferation of cardiomyocytes after PVA. These properties make the heart of A. mexicanum a potential model to study the mechanisms underlying heart regeneration in adult vertebrates in vivo.


Quantum thermodynamics is a promising route to unambiguous detections of Majorana bound states. Being fundamentally different from quantum transport, this approach reveals unique Majorana thermodynamic behavior and deepens our insight into Majorana quantum transport itself. Here we demonstrate that a nanoscopic system with topological superconductors produces a remarkable accumulation of Majorana macroscopic states in wide ranges of Majorana tunneling phases by means of increasing its temperature T . Revealing this physical behavior is twofold beneficial. First, it significantly reduces the dependence of the entropy on the tunneling phases which become almost irrelevant in experiments. Second, the fractional Majorana entropy S (2) M = kB ln(2 3 2 ) may be observed at very high temperatures, up to T ≈ 0.1 K, which substantially facilitates experiments. Analyzing quantum transport, we predict that when the temperature increases, the above thermodynamic behavior will induce an anomalous increase of the linear conductance from vanishing values up to the unitary fractional Majorana plateau GM = e /2h extending to very high temperatures.


The purpose of this research is to improve the quality of the turbine casing product by using the welding fixture. The method used was to design and make welding fixture of turbine casing welding, test the straightness, alignment, straightness, and analyzes the deviation of measurement results. Based on the design result of welding fixture assembling of cross-flow turbine casing component, it had been obtained prototype welding fixture which can facilitate the assembling process of cross-flow turbine casing component. The conclusions of this research are the quality of cross-flow turbine casing products can be increased along with the small geometry deviations in the cross-flow turbine runners by using a fastening tool. The maximum deviation of the straightness of the turbine wall is 1.6 (wall A) and 0.85 (wall B). The process of assembling the components of the turbine runner is shorter by using a faster welding assembly tool with a better level of accuracy.


We present a new population of radio quasars whose X-ray band, unlike previously known sources which have (flat) inverse Compton radiation, is characterized by (steep) synchrotron emission, with a broad-band spectral energy distribution similar to that of BL Lacs with high energy synchrotron peaks. We discuss how this new class was discovered, the class properties, and the implications of its existence for our understanding of jets and active galactic nuclei in general.


It has been possible for some years to rear artificially-fertilized herring eggs through to metamorphosis making experimental studies on the larval phase of the life history practicable (Blaxter, 1968). However, a comprehensive larval staging system has not previously been published.


In our country's colleges and universities,the libraries undertake the important functions due to their own resources advantages.The development of China's higher education and social cultural prosperity cannot do without university library constructions.The information age,our country college library faces many difficulties.The main content of this article is to analyze the development dilemmas of Chinese university library in the information times,and put forward some breach to solve these difficulties.


Purpose
Drawing on the conservation of resources theory, this study aims to identify the mediating effects of depersonalization and resilience on the relationship between customer incivility and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). It further posits that these indirect effects vary depending on the caring climate and achievement orientation.

Design/methodology/approach
A field survey among 622 service employees (Study 1) and a three-wave field survey of 315 service employees and their managers (Study 2) from various service organizations were conducted.

Findings
This study confirms that depersonalization operates as a negative mediator in the relationship between customer incivility and OCB. Simultaneously, resilience emerges as a positive mediator, underscoring the contrasting pathways through which customer incivility affects OCB. Furthermore, a caring climate plays a pivotal role in mitigating the detrimental impact of depersonalization on OCB and weakening the positive impact of resilience on OCB. Additionally, this study identifies achievement orientation as a significant moderator between customer incivility and resilience.

Originality/value
This study advances theoretical foundations by investigating depersonalization and resilience as critical mediators in the intricate relationship between customer incivility and OCB. It goes beyond the conventional understanding of customer incivility's impact by shedding light on the dual roles of a caring climate, demonstrating its potential to alleviate both positive and negative consequences of customer incivility. Moreover, its identification of achievement orientation as a moderator adds a novel dimension to the discourse, emphasizing the need for tailored strategies to harness employee resilience in the face of customer incivility.


Although the spectral element method (SEM) has been well recognized as an exact continuum element method, its application has been limited mostly to one-dimensional (1D) structures, or plates that can be transformed into 1D-like problems by assuming the displacements in one direction of the plate in terms of known functions. We propose a spectral element model for the transverse vibration of a finite membrane subjected to arbitrary boundary conditions. The proposed model is developed by using the boundary splitting method and the waveguide FEM-based spectral super element method in combination. The performance of the proposed spectral element model is numerically validated by comparison with exact solutions and solutions using the standard finite element method (FEM).


Achieving sustainable development is a target that is now widely seen as important to worldwide public opinion. In this regard, the utilization of renewable energy resources, such as solar, geothermal, and wind energy, appears to be one of the most efficient and effective ways in achieving this target. Recently, wind power as a potential energy has grown at an impressive rate in India. The present paper deals with the technical details involved in the generation of power through wind energy. It discusses the factors responsible for generation of wind power and the limitations of the generator. Various schemes used for production of electricity using wind power are also discussed. The paper also gives insight into energy storage methods, safety precautions and site selection criteria.


We quantise canonical free-field zero modes $p$, $q$ on a half-plane $p>0$ both, for the Liouville field theory and its reduced Liouville particle dynamics. We describe the particle dynamics in detail, calculate one-point functions of particle vertex operators, deduce their zero mode realisation on the half-plane, and prove that the particle vertex operators act self-adjointly on a Hilbert space $L^2(\rr_+)$ on account of symmetries generated by the $S$-matrix. Similarly, self-adjointness of the corresponding vertex operator of Liouville field theory in the zero mode sector is obtained by applying the Liouville reflection amplitude, which is derived by the operator method.


OPTIMIZING THE VILLAGE GOVERNMENT FUNCTIONS IN THE INVENTORY OF PHYSICAL DATA AND THE JURIDICAL DATA TO REALIZE LOCAL REGISTRATION AND LEGAL TERMS ABSTRACT This writing aims to know and analysis about the function of the Village Government in the inventory of physical data and juridical data in realizing the registration of land with justice and legal consent in the Village Bancangan and Demangan Village Ponorogo regency. The function of the Village Government is very important in land registration because the Village Government is entitled to make the initial evidence and the base of the registration of land. This study uses a type of normative legal research. Normative legal research is research conducted by examining the library materials of primary and secondary law materials. The result of this research is less optimal of Bancangan and Demangan Village Government of Ponorogo Regency in inventory of physical data and juridical data of land registration because regulation concerning authority of village government in land registration less strong, weak implementation of safe principle, and lack of awareness of village government about importance of role and optimal village government function in land registration to realize legal certainty and justice. Village government needs to optimize its function in ensuring the correctness of physical data and juridical data. In addition, improved regulation governing the authority of the village government and the need for oversight functions of the Land Office is also important in order to seek the optimization of village government functions. Keywords: Village Government, Physical Data, Juridical Data, Land Registry


Data suggests a 35% rise in teenage suicide during the pandemic. Dr Stephanie Thornton considers the data and offers advice


Nano silver is a single silver particle between certain chemical means and physical means. Its particle size is between 1-100nm. Nano silver is easy to enter the body of pathogens, so as to control infection and promote wound healing. Therefore, nano silver medical devices such as nano silver and nano silver dressing are widely used in clinical medicine. At the same time, nano silver materials also have certain biological characteristics, which may lead to the biological effects of nano silver materials, but so far, no complete conclusion has been reached. In recent years, a large number of cytotoxicity experiments have been carried out on silver nanoparticles in vitro. Therefore, this paper studies and discusses the in vitro cytotoxicity test of nano silver and its pharmaceutical products through the in vitro cytotoxicity test of nano materials, and provides the basis and support for the in vitro cytotoxicity test of nano materials by using the key project indicators in MTT test and LDH test. The selection of MTT test and LDH test is due to the characteristics of MTT method and the cytotoxicity of silver nanoparticles in vitro. The combination of MTT test and LDH test can evaluate the cytotoxicity of nano materials more comprehensively and study the in vitro toxicity of silver nanoparticles to mammalian cells. According to the experimental results in this paper, we can infer the toxicity mechanism of nano silver materials, which has a certain idea for the application of nano silver and nano silver materials. Through the discovery of in vitro cytotoxicity mechanism of nano silver medical devices, nano silver and its medical devices can be used more comprehensively and safely.


DESPITE great differences between mammals and urodele amphibians, the effects of x-rays upon these two groups are similar (Brunst, SheremetievaBrunst, and Figge'). Because their tooth development is also similar, an investigation of the effect of x-rays upon the teeth of urodele amphibians is of interest also in human stomatology. In a previous investigation, Brunst, Sheremetieva-Brunst, and Figge2 found that in young axolotls (the larval form of the Mexican salamanderSiredonn mexicanum) the mechanisms of tooth formation and tooth maintenance are permanently destroyed by local x-ray irradiation. The importance of age as a factor in the radiosensitivity of animals is a well-established fact. In general, the older the organism, the less its radiosensitivity. The radiosensitivity of young axolotls was investigated by Sheremetieva.3 According to this author, 150 r is the lethal dose for freshly hatched axolotls, all of which died within one year; however, some animals irradiated with this dose 6 days after hatching lived 3 years. The lethal dose for 100 per cent of the animals irradiated 20 days after hatching is 300 r, and for animals irradiated 30 days after hatching it is 450 r. An investigation of the x-ray sensitivity of adult axolotls (Brunst4) showed that their mean survival time after total body irradiation was as follows: after 6,000 r, 28 days; after 3,000 r, 44 days; after 1,000 r, 55 days. A dose of 500 r killed about 50 per cent of the animals; their mean survival time was 196 days; the remainder recovered, and some lived more than 2 years after irradiation. An investigation of the effect of x-rays on the head of young axolotls (Brunst5) showed that the dose of 3,000 r was lethal in all cases if the whole head was irradiated (all animals died within 6 months after treatment). However, if only the anterior portion of the head, back to and including the eyes, was irradiated with 3,000 r, some animals lived more than 20 months. The purpose of this work was to investigate the effects of local x-ray irradiation on the teeth of the adult axolotl.


Given a vector $F =(F_1,\ldots,F_m)$ of Poisson functionals $F_1,\ldots,F_m$, we establish quantitative bounds for the proximity between $F$ and an $m$-dimensional centered Gaussian random vector $N_\Sigma$ with covariance matrix $\Sigma\in\mathbb{R}^{m\times m}$. We derive results for the $d_2$- and $d_3$-distances based on smooth test functions as well as for the $d_{convex}$-distance and the $d_{\mathbb{H}_\ell}$-distance given by $d_{\mathbb{H}_\ell}(F,N_\Sigma):=\sup_{h\in\mathbb{H}_\ell} |\mathbb{E} h(F) - \mathbb{E} h(N_\Sigma)|$, a multi-dimensional generalization of the Kolmogorov distance, where $\ell\in\mathbb{N}$ and $\mathbb{H}_{\ell}$ is the set of indicator functions of intersections of $\ell$ closed half-spaces in $\mathbb{R}^m$. The bounds are multivariate counterparts of the second order Poincar\'e inequalities of Last, Peccati, and Schulte (2016) and, as such, are expressed in terms of integrated moments of first and second order difference operators. The derived second order Poincar\'e inequalities for non-smooth test functions, which are of the same order as for smooth test functions, are made possible by new bounds on the derivatives of solutions to the Stein equation for the multivariate normal distribution, which might be of independent interest. We present applications to the multivariate normal approximation of first order Wiener-It\^o integrals and of statistics of Boolean models.


The outbreak of war made the seventy-fifth Academy Awards the most fascinating in living memory. Stars like Susan Sarandon (slated as a presenter), Martin Sheen and Barbara Streisand had all risked their careers to denounce the war, and many of the nominees were known to be antiwar. Was there going to be a scandal, similar to when Vanessa Redgrave denounced the Zionists during her acceptance speech for Best Supporting Actress and was in turn attacked by Paddy Chayevsky when he presented the award for Best Screenplay? Not quite.


The purpose of this study is to develop, and test the validity and reliability of a scale for the use of researchers to determine the accreditation standards of open and distance education based on the views of administrators, teachers, staff and students. This research was designed according to general descriptive survey model since it aims to develop a scale to measure the accreditation standards in open and distance education. The sample of the research comprises 196 students and 19 teachers, administrators and staff studying or working in Private Open education courses in Kadıköy district of İstanbul during 2011-2012 school year. The research data were collected using a scale developed to measure the level of accreditation standards in open and distance education based on the views of stakeholders in open and distance education institutions. The five-point Likert type scale "Acreditation Standards Scale for Open and Distance Education" developed in this research is consist of 47 items under eight factor including Organizational Structure, Students Services, Quality Assurance/Accreditation, Measurement and Assessment, Organization Mission, Distance Education Management, Distance Education Program, Openness/Credibility/Transparency. The Cronbach Alpha internal consistency coefficient was estimated .9683. It was concluded that Open and Distance Education Standards Scale is a valid and reliable instrument developed to measure the open and distance education quality at post-secondary education stages in Turkey. OPEN ACCESS INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL & SCIENCE EDUCATION 6445


On Monday 4 August 2014, Yorkshire Water will start a £2.9 million project in Scotton near Knaresborough to reduce the risk of sewer flooding to local ...


The U.S. Department of Energy's Hydropower Program developed the Hydropower Evaluation Software to model the undeveloped hydropower resources in the United States based on environmental, legal, and institutional constraints. This Hydropower Resource Assessment effort has identified 5,677 sites that have an undeveloped total capacity of about 30,000 megawatts. The Hydropower Evaluation Software uses the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission's Hydroelectric Power Resource Assessment database to identify sites with undeveloped hydropower capacity and the estimated megawatts of undeveloped capacity at each site. The software integrates this information with environmental values from the National Park Service's National Rivers Inventory database. Other constraints to development that are modeled include Federal and state legislative protection for river segments that have been identified as being wild and scenic river segments. River segments containing threatened and/or endangered wildlife and fish are also modeled for their influence on hydropower development. The amount that each attribute affects the likelihood of development is dependent on the prior development of a site.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to utilize the Objective Knowledge Growth Framework (OKGF) to promote a better understanding of the evaluating tenure and promotion processes. Design/methodology/approach – A scenario is created to illustrate the concept of using OKGF. Findings – The framework aims to support decision makers in identifying the challenges they face, encourages them to act on their tentative theories, and to be attentive to the outcomes. It requires a deeper understanding of the problem by shifting the spotlight to the teaching scores; multiple perspectives for reaching a solution; testing different options (solutions/theories) by seeking out information that challenges ones beliefs and biases so as not to overlook a viable solution; and ensuring a fair and just process. Research limitations/implications – Research can be expanded by developing an empirical research study and to validate the findings. Practical implications – It is a high stakes evaluation that may result in unjustifie...


In this report, the writers examined shear characteristic of sliding surface clay and movement mechanism of re-slide type landslides through ring shear test results. Consequently, if sliding force is smaller than residual strength, transformation will not take place and strain will keep null. Because relationship between the ring shear test result (φr', WL, Wp, Ip) and clay fraction is examined by multivariate analysis, φr' can be assumed from WL and WP.


Based on the gray correlation theory, the similar coefficient was introduced to the grey correlation analysis, and then, the gray correlation degree was coupled with the similar coefficient to form the comprehensive correlative degree. The rotor induction motor faults were diagnosed according to the comprehensive correlation degree. According to the typical rotor fault model, some typical fault samples were divided into several sets of induction motor rotor fault reference model. According to the given calculation method for the comprehensive relation degree, the comprehensive relational degree of unidentified induction motor rotor fault model was computed. According to the correlation sequence, the rotor fault was identified for induction motor. The results indicate that the method is available for the induction motor rotor fault diagnosis and has better classified diagnosis ability than BP neural network method.


T he triumph of long-term hemodialysis has been one of the best-kept secrets of 20th-century medical science. About 1 million. people worldwide now receive dialysis.'5 In Canada, as of Jan. 1, 1993, over 14 000 patients who had lost their kidney function long ago were still alive; over half were receiving dialysis. In 1994 almost 3000 patients 1 in 10 000 Canadians will start dialysis, 1 every third hour.' The survival of these patients, if they have no other illnesses, is counted in decades, with some now entering their fourth decade. Dialysis patients have become professors, nephrologists and professional athletes. One dialysis patient outpaced his nephrologist in a 100-km ski race. For most patients dialysis is the final treatment. In Canada fewer than one patient in three who begins dialysis can expect to receive a kidney transplant; the others will spend the rest of their lives receiving dialysis.' In this issue (see pages 1099 to 1105) David C. Mendelssohn, MD, and Anne Chery describe the crisis of hemodialysis in the Toronto region. From 1981 through 1992 the number of patients starting dialysis in Toronto more than doubled, whereas the number of transplants remained steady. The year-end census figures show that the number of dialysis patients almost tripled between 1981 and 1992. These figures mirror the annual incidence and prevalence of dialysis in Canada from 1981 to 1991. The number of patients per million population beginning dialysis has doubled, from 49.3 in 1981 to 95.1 in 1991.' Mendelssohn and Chery point out that the number of available hemodialysis stations has just paralleled the number of patients needing them, but beyond 1994 there are no plans for expanding facilities, despite the ever-increasing need. The authors rightly conclude that new patients needing dialysis will therefore die. There are no waiting lists for uremic patients. The authors' conclusions are incontrovertible; only their claim, that rationing will become necessary, is surprising. Clearly, dialysis has always been rationed. Ever since the technique was perfected, in the late 1970s, resources have never been available to everyone. Patients who could have benefitted from treatment died, and lives continue to be lost. Stopping the development of facilities will only make ongoing, hard-hearted rationing based on age even more draconian.


Science, Class and Society is a sprawling, difficult book. The author wants to touch all bases in his effort to explain the history of bourgeois sociology against the backdrop of its key rival, historical materialism. Therborn is capable of interjecting baseless generalizations which trivialize the data of history, yet in the next phrase he can successfully elicit thoughtful speculation from the same data. From the very beginning it is clear that Therborn is struggling to represent adequately the development of sociology and social thought while also toeing the Althusserian line. For those who value encyclopedic Teutonic workmanship, the book is a must.


The current study aimed to investigate the effects of proving instructions in L2 listening activities on the participants' performance in the classroom and the participants' views regarding the use of L1. The study included 48 students in the preparatory classes in the School of Foreign languages, at a state university in Turkey. Through the post-test, only quasi-experimental research design, the participants' performance was compared in classes with L1 and L2 instructions in the listening activities. The results indicated that the participants in the experimental group scored higher than those in the control group who were exposed to L2 instructions.


The Ask and the Answer by Patrick Ness 22.12 MB Free download The Ask and the Answer book PDF, FB2, EPUB and MOBI. Read online The Ask and the Answer which classified as Other that has 536 pages that contain constructive material with lovely reading experience. Reading online The Ask and the Answer book will be provide using wonderful book reader and it's might gives you some access to identifying the book content before you download the book.


Abstract Responding to Samuel Huntington's argument in Who Are We? The Challenges to America's National Identity, this article explores the problematic character of American national identity. While Huntington presents himself as trying to conserve a traditional American identity based on both political creed and Anglo-Protestant culture, I contend that America's founding political theory and its philosophic sources are ambiguous on the question of culture and national identity. The Declaration of Independence and the social contract theories that helped inform it seem to invite a kind of cosmopolitan commitment to a creedal identity while at the same time leaving open the possibility of a more exclusive cultural identity. In the end, this ambiguity works to undermine a public sense that the political order should try to conserve a particular culture, a tendency that is furthered by a democratic regime's natural inclinations toward universalism and egalitarianism. It seems, then, that the problem of the preservation of American cultural identity is rooted in the very culture that Huntington wishes to preserve.


Introduction During their elementary school years children rapidly grow and develop physically, perceptually, cognitively, socially, and emotionally (Nichols, 1994) . The goal of elementary education is to nurture children by providing a variety of stimulating and growth producing experiences. These experiences are meant to build a foundation of skills and knowledge for lifelong learning and functional living. In this respect, many skills learned in the elementary grades are life skills. One important class (or category) of life skills is intrapersonal skills. Intrapersonal skills (also referred to as mental skills, individual control strategies, or psychological skills) are taught to help students and athletes become more self-regulated learners, that is, to help them take more responsibility for learning and living. Intrapersonal skills include controlling arousal levels by learning how to relax, learning to


Hierarchical analysis of market gets importance since 1960s onwards. Market centres are always a focal point for the economists and geographer which acts as central place in respect of services and functions that provides with various levels like first order, second order, third order and so on to the dependent population. Highest order market centres are much further apart and mostly situated as regional urban centres whereas lowest order centres offering services most frequently occurred and closely spaced. There is a close interrelationship among the markets irrespective of the number, spacing, size and order in hierarchical system. The present study tried to evaluate the hierarchical relationship among 228 markets and its blockwise distribution of Paschim Medinipur district of West Bengal, India. Different statistical methods have been used to find out market hierarchical pattern of Paschim Medinipur such as Centrality index, Threshold population, Combined service index, Yearly tranjection and Average score index. ANOVA technique reveals the similar fashion in ordering pattern of the markets among different techniques and unequal fashion in orderwise spatial distributions of markets in Paschim Medinipur.


I. INTRODUCTION The use of sugar and corn-based ethanol as an alternative fuel is hardly a novel concept. In fact, Henry Ford touted ethanol as the "fuel of the future" in 1925.' Yet in 2007, the majority of Ford's namesake vehicles run solely on petroleum. However, a rising awareness of climate change and concern about reliance on Middle Eastern oil supplies have triggered renewed interest in the development of ethanol as a fuel source. Not only has technology improved so that ethanol is more efficient, society's attitude is ripe to accept the advancement. Although ethanol development is occurring around the world, the method of development varies greatly between countries. The first part of this Comment will briefly address the basic aspects of ethanol production and use. Next, it will contrast the path implemented by Brazil with the ethanol strategy of the United States. Finally, this Comment will consider whether removing the tariff on ethanol will frustrate, rather than further, the purpose of the Energy Policy Act of 2005(EPAct).2 II. Ethanol 101 Ethanol3 is "clean-burning, high-octane fuel that is produced from renewable sources."4 Though the most common feedstocks are sugar cane and corn, any crop that contains abundant sugars can produce ethanol.5 Also, there are several different methods of producing ethanol, though the most common is the "dry mill" process.6 All engines are considered "ethanol-capable" in the United States.7 However, this does not mean that all engines can run on pure ethanol. Rather, the term "ethanol-capable" refers to a vehicle's ability to accept E10,8 the standard blend of 10% ethanol and 90% gasoline.9 While all vehicles can run on E10, flexible fuel engines can accept a blend of up to 85% ethanol and 15% gasoline (E85).10 Only E85 is considered an alternative fuel under current federal statutes,11 and therefore only the use of E10 is covered under the typical car warranty unless it is a flexible fuel vehicle (FFV).12 Nearly every major automaker offers several flexible fuel versions of popular models.1 A versatile alternative fuel, there is no universal system to produce or promote ethanol. In fact, the type of crop used to create ethanol varies from country to country based on feasibility of growth. Additionally, nations use different methods to process ethanol. In addition to climate, factors such as politics and technology will affect ethanol production and use. The ultimate goal, of course, is to implement the most efficient ethanol strategy for that particular country. III. Comparison of Brazilian and U.S. Ethanol Programs Brazil is the top ethanol-producing nation in the world.14 A close second, the United States produced 3.4 billion gallons of ethanol in 2005, just slightly under Brazil's four billion.15 However, fuel consumption varies dramatically between the two countries. Both nations have implemented mechanisms of ethanol mandates and tax incentives in order to increase ethanol production and use. The specific mechanisms used by both nations are worthy of separate consideration since the measurable successes of Brazil overshadow those of the United States.16 A. Brazilian ethanol programs Economists and politicians alike have looked to Brazil as the leader on alternative fuel programs. Based on the statistics, it is easy to see why. For example, more than 50% of vehicles in Brazil, the largest country in South America,17 are flexible fuel.18 Furthermore, many vehicles in Brazil are capable of running on 100% ethanol, unlike the maximum of 85% ethanol capability in the United States.19 This success can be attributed to extensive government action since the 1970s. Much like the United States, Brazil relied upon etanol throughout the twentieth century as a mechanism to supplement gasoline supplies, particularly during wartime. Brazilian ethanol is made from sugar, a plentiful resource in Brazil's tropical climate. …


This thesis analyzes Bram Stoker's Dracula in Victorian cultural and social contexts, and reads Dracula as the Other. Besides, Dracula is interpreted as "the uncanny," which arouses Victorians' anxiety and fascination. Chapter One mainly clarifies the psychoanalytic concepts, which are applied in the following chapters.
 Chapter Two discusses the issues of gender and sexuality, which are controlled by the patriarchal society or "the Symbolic" in psychoanalytic terms. The issues are explored through parental roles: the Father and the (m)Other. Dracula and Van Helsing are both paternal figures in the novel while the women, including the three female vampires, Lucy, and Mina, are represented as maternal figures and "New Woman." What is the difference of Dracula's and Van Helsing's paternal identities? Is Dracula another incarnation of the patriarchal Father? What is the insinuation of women's role simultaneously as the (m)Other and the New Woman in this novel? Do these women represent a transgressive power or a stabilizing force for the symbolic order? This chapter combines the social contexts with the textual discussions and expects to find the answers to the above questions.
 Chapter Three carries on the discussion of the Self and the Other in the relationship between the East and the West. The analysis is developed from three aspects. The first is how the novel divulges the British imperialist ideology, (which also corresponds to its historical background), and how the Victorians' anxiety and fear stem from the "reverse-colonisation" of the East. Then, the discussion shifts to how the imperialist ideology is revealed through Britain's "double." Finally, the issues in this chapter are centered on how the imperial fantasy functions through the struggle between the Subject (the vampire hunters) and the Other (vampires), and whether the fantasy maintains the symbolic order.
 In Conclusion, traversing the vampiric fantasy is the ultimate goal for this thesis. Yet, the discussion of Dracula does not end but, in contrast, more reading possibilities based on my reading of the Other develop. The metaphors of dis-ease and virus are applied to characterize Dracula and offer a direction for future research.


Monetary policy since the Second World War has always been a politically and socially sensitive issue in France. It reflected the peculiar strength of the French Communist Party (PCF) in the unions and working class. Postwar governments relied upon monetary inflation, devaluation and administered credit to sustain growth and guarantee social peace. With the exception of the period following General de Gaulle's seizure of power in 1958, there was little choice for governments faced with weak, divided and conflicting unions, a volatile work force, and a united left threatening radical change. Where German governments responded to union challenges and the oil shock of 1974 with deflation, the French expanded the money supply. The divergence of French policy from German after 1968 made European economic and monetary union impossible.


Rats were injected with 40 μCi (±)‐[1‐3H]noradrenaline and 10 μCi ±‐[1‐14C]noradrenaline. Three fractions with a decreased 3H:14C ratio were isolated from the urine by a combined alumina adsorption‐ethyl acetate extraction procedure. Two of the fractions were identified as [14C]vanillic acid and 3,4‐dihydroxy[14C]benzoic acid, respectively. Vanillic acid represented between 1.5 and 3.0% of the total [14C]activity excreted within 24 h and the contribution of dihydroxybenzoic acid was 0·2‐0·5%. The third fraction with a decreased 3H: 14C ratio has not been identified and represented about 2% of the total [14C]activity excreted within 24 h. After monoamine oxidase blockade with 100 mg/kg of iproniazid, the excretion of vanillic acid, 3,4‐dihydroxybenzoic acid and the unknown fraction was greatly diminished. The probability that these three substances represent those metabolites arising simultaneously with the formation of tritium water from (±)‐[1‐3H]noradrenaline is discussed.


We report on high quality planar junctions fabricated from well characterized c-axis quasi-homoepitaxial NdB/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7-/spl delta///PrB/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7-/spl delta/// NdBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7-/spl delta//(NBCO/PBCO/NBCO) multilayers. C-axis axis tunneling spectroscopy investigations provide evidence of quasiparticle tunneling that is commonly observed for superconductor-insulator-superconductor (SIS) junctions. The tunneling conductance dI/dV of the junctions in parallel magnetic field reveals an anomalous splitting of the superconducting quasiparticle density of states. The magnitude of the splitting was found to be proportional to /spl mu//sub B/H and may be related to the magnetic moment of the quasiparticles.


In 1989 I reviewed the then published evidence relating to the case for the short Synacthen test to diagnose secondary adrenal insufficiency and concluded that, 'the short tetracosactrin test can almost always replace the insulin stress test' to determine whether patients, particularly those with suspected secondary adrenal insufficiency, require hydrocortisone replacement (Clayton, 1989). At that time fewer than 25% of UK endocrinologists were convinced the statement (Stewart et al., 1988) was valid and used the short Synacthen test routinely to assess the hypothalamo–pituitary–adrenal axis. By 1994 when the results of a postal questionnaire of 73 UK endocrinologists were reported, that figure had risen to about 50% (Davies & Howlett, 1995). So in the intervening 5 years it seemed that some endocrinologists may have become convinced and changed their practice. Are they justified or should we still retain the insulin stress test for routine use? There has been considerable interest in the question in the last 6 years and I now review recently published evidence and whether it reinforces or detracts from my 1989 conclusion. In this debate I emphasize that my remarks apply to patients with hypothalamo–pituitary disease, or those on long-term suppressive doses of glucocorticoids. Although the latter patient category is numerically greater it does not represent the major question facing clinical endocrinologists. Nevertheless, to deal with this group first I refer the readers to the paper by Kane and colleagues (1995). This study consisted of paired IST and SSTs in a group of 22 patients receiving longterm prednisolone therapy (mean duration 5 years) for rheumatological diseases. They were receiving between 5 and 10 mg prednisolone/day. Of the 22 patients, 5 passed both tests and 9 failed both; the remaining 8 had discordant results, failing the SST but passing the IST. In the situation of deciding whether such patients require additional steroid at the time of stress or it is safe to stop long-term steroid therapy the SST performs well since it errs on the side of caution by giving 'false-negative'results, that is, a fail instead of a pass by the gold standard IST. Turning to patients with hypothalamo–pituitary disease there are reports going back over a decade and sporadically since that time (Cunninghamet al., 1983, and cited in myBMJ editorial) of normal cortisol responses to Synacthen in patients with secondary adrenal failure. Many experienced endocrinologists will also have anecdotal experience of patients where the SST has failed them. But have the patients come to any great harm as a consequence? Potentially undiagnosed hypoadrenalism could be disastrous when a patient is stressed by intercurrent illness or surgery. However, it remains to be demonstrated that the few false positive SSTs (i.e. giving a sense of security regarding the state of the HPA axis) has serious consequences. This is a study awaiting publication. We are, however, again reminded of the failing of the SST in a case report of a 51-year-old woman presenting with an acute confusional state with hypotonic hyponatraemia. (Soule et al., 1996). However, the situation was complicated by the recent introduction of lofepramine, a recognized cause of inappropriate vasopressin secretion. There was initial spontaneous clinical resolution and restoration of normal osmolality and plasma sodium soon after stopping the antidepressant. However, there were indications of pituitary disease both clinically and biochemically, with gonadotroph, lactotroph and thyrotroph failure. Initially the short Synacthen test was interpreted as normal (basal cortisol 353 nmol/l, 30 minutes 572 nmol/l). However, 14 months later during a second episode of acute hyponatraemia, and intervening complaints of malaise, the short Synacthen test was interpreted as equivocal. The basal cortisol was 179 nmol/l and the 30minute value 454 nmol/l. The patient went on to an IST, lost consciousness during the procedure, and had a peak cortisol of only 260 nmol/l. A metyrapone test confirmed secondary adrenal insufficiency. This case illustrates two points very clearly: (i) that if there is clinical or other biochemical evidence of hypopituitarism the cortisol response to Synacthen should be interpreted on the side of safety and the patient started on replacement hydrocortisone. A 30minute value of 454 nmol/l on SST in this clinical context would probably be interpreted by most as an indication for glucocorticoid treatment. The test can always be repeated at a later date, following hydrocortisone withdrawal, to gain further evidence for or against continuing therapy. (ii) The IST is dangerous. Fortunately, this patient recovered completely, but there have been fatalities. Commentary


Rice lines were screened in the field for resistance to Oebalus pugnax (F.) by caging the rice stink bug nymphs on panicles. Lines differed significantly from each other for weight loss per kernel because of stink bug feeding. Weight per kernel of selection numbers Stg 709494, Stg 70M7046, and Stg 69M5164 was reduced 10, 12, and 14%, respectively, compared to lines PI 277244, PI 291504, and variety 'Colusa', in which reductions in kernel weight were 64, 66, and 76%, respectively. Infested panicles of selection numbers Stg 70L1188 and Stg 70L1217 had significantly fewer pecky kernels than 14 commercial varieties. Nymphal development was significantly longer on 6 lines than on the commercial variety 'Starbonnet'.


To assess the expression and regulation of adenosine receptors in unstimulated, uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC)‐infected and cytokine‐stimulated human urinary tract epithelial cells, and to examine the regulation of interleukin (IL)‐6 secretion in response to A2A receptor activation.


The device exhibits a vibration pick-up for each cylinder head and a phase transmitter (10) in the area of the crank drive which detects the respective position of the crank angle. In addition, a multiplexer (33), a detector (38) for the pulse duration and a logic element (40) are provided. The detector (38) picks up the signal output by the vibration pick-up instantaneously switched on via the multiplexer (33). The logic element (40) receives the signal coming from the phase transmitter (10) and the signal processed in the detector (38). The pulse duration of the vibration signal and its phase angle result in output signals in the logic element (40) which are displayed in a recording device (42). The curves shown in the recording device show whether the valves of the compressor are "blowing" or "chattering" so that the compressor can be switched off, if necessary.


In this paper, a fuzzy rule-based system with final evidential aggregation is proposed to perform the relative quality assessment of drinking water in the water distribution network (WDN). Partially reliable sensor measurements, incomplete assessments as well as subjective information on water quality parameters (WQP) introduce uncertainty to the water quality assessment process. Historical data recorded in a network are categorized into two groups including microbial and physicochemical parameters. Then, separate rule bases are developed to define microbial and physicochemical aspects of water quality. The distributed assessments of the water quality that result from two rule bases are aggregated using a fuzzy evidential reasoning algorithm. The proposed inference engine provides a decision support tool, which aids the decision makers to come up with management policies based on hundreds of water quality monitoring records. Statistical data on WQPs at fifty-two sampling locations of Quebec City main WDN were used to test the performance of the proposed framework.


Emancipation or Exploitation? A study of women in Mexico's maquiladora industry. Processes of economic globalization have caused the proliferation of export-processing zones in developing countries, as multinational corporations outsource production to low-wage areas in the Third World. This has reshaped the world patterns of production, and transformed South-North trade relations. Another effect is that Third World women in different comers of the globe have been drawn into the industrial workforce, thereby entering the public sphere of paid production from which they have traditionally been excluded. This case study of women in the Mexican maquiladora industry seeks to find out whether this work should be considered as conducive to the emancipation of these women, or whether it merely signifies an exploitation of the same. When comparing the findings with the two ideal types 'the integration thesis' and 'the exploitation thesis', it is found that the work in the maquiladora industry could most aptly be described as exploitative. However, when aspects of the feminist notion of empowerment are taken into account, the results are modified somewhat: the emancipating effects can be obtained, although in another way than predicted by the liberal 'integration thesis'.


[Objective]To investigate the effect of long-term exposure to dust and noise on workers' health.[Methods]The health status of 240 foundry workers were analyzed in a foundry factory, and 160 workers without dust and noise exposure in the same factory were selected and the comparative analysis was carried out.[Results]The abnormal ECG rate was higher in foundry workers than the control group.There were significant difference of sinus bradycardia, sinus arrhythmia, left ventricular high voltage and ST-T wave changes between 2 groups.(P0.01,P0.05). The foundry workers' ECG rate of abnormality had nothing to do with the length of service.[Conclusion]The environment of foundry work can generate a series of harm to the production workers' cardiovascular system. It is necessary to prevent the dust, eliminate the noise and strengthen the individual protection.


Dilational rheology method was used to study the interfacial rheology properties of Branch-Preformed Particle Gel (PPG) and its interaction with Shengli crude oil fractions at the kerosene/water interface. The results showed that the interfacial dilational modulus increased monotonously with increasing PPG concentration, the high values of the modulus could be due to the formation of multilayer near the interface. Study on the interaction between PPG and crude oil components showed that different crude oil components have different interactions with PPG molecules at the oil/water interface. The acidic components can adsorb onto the interface and form mixed adsorption film by replacing the PPG molecules at the interface because of their smaller molecular size and stronger interfacial activity, which results in a dramatic reduction in dilational modulus, while asphaltenes have little effect on the dilational rheological behavior of PPG solution due to their lager molecular sizes. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41337.


Bio-based nanocomposite films were obtained from fish gelatin (FG) and different amounts of chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) (0, 2, 6 and 8% w/w) with diameters ranging from 40 to 80 nm. The influence of nanoparticles on the surface morphology, physicochemical properties, crystalline structure and thermal stability of FG was investigated. The surface morphology assay showed a considerable increase in roughness parameters by incorporating the nanoparticles in FG matrix. Contact angle measurements ranged from about 45C to 60–97C as filler concentration increased, indicating that reinforced films had higher superficial hydrophobicity than neat FG ones. The X-ray diffraction results also suggested a higher crystallinity in FG matrix due to CSNPs nucleating effect. The glass transition of the nanocomposites was shifted to lower temperatures with respect to the pure FG. Thermal stability tended to increase in accordance with CSNPs content, in which the highest shift of degradation temperature was observed at 6% (w/w) loading content.

Practical Applications

In recent years, bio-based polymers have attracted more and more attention due to growing environmental concern and decreasing reserve of fossil fuel. This recent evolution encourages researchers and industries to develop novel materials labeled as "environment friendly." This study investigates the preparation and characterization of eco-friendly fish gelatin-based composite reinforced with chitosan nanoparticles, as a substitution of plastic packaging materials with the goal of decreasing environmental pollution.


Cathodic protection used in conjunction with surface coatings is now an accepted part of the engineering world, yet relatively little has been done to produce new types of coatings suitable for this important application. The author, who gives here a summary of the information at present available, hopes that some fundamental research can soon be started.


In order to overcome the drawbacks in the construction of Coifman-like wavelet,in which the length and the vanishing moment are strictly restricted, as in Coifman and Tian′s methods, we discussed the relationship between the length of Coifman wavelet with orthogonality and its vanishing moment, and then proposed an efficient construction method for Cofiman-like wavelet. In our method, the wavelet coefficients contained free variables, and the existing Cofiman-like biorthogonal wavelets were achieved by taking the special length of wavelet filters and parameters. Therefore, our results have developed those of Coifman's and Tian's.


The article deals with theatrical and pedagogical processes of improving the technological and methodological training of future actors in conditions of modern educational progress, the problems of training the future actor, the development of his personality, taking into account the individual characteristics, the issues of transformation of the modern theatrical and pedagogical education from the process of learning to the process of education, there are selected the basic requirements of modern theatrical pedagogy in Russia in XXI century.


tion of carcinoma and cirrhosis has been pointed out by Finley, Adami, and others. Rolleston40 reports another instance recently where the cells were formed into twisting tubules. He regards the growth as secondary to the cirrhosis, and as possibly due to a mis-development of the new bile ducts. William Hunter in discussing two other cases takes the view that the cancer arises by direct change of the liver cells themselves. Shattock points out that one class of hepatic cancer arises from the ducts and one from the cells. A. E. Thayer showed at New York47


The research presents the development of ceramic material that can be used for fluoride and phosphate ions removal from natural water. The composition and the production technology of ceramic material containing lanthanum compound have been developed. Its physical and mechanical characteristics have been determined, and its binding capacity for fluoride and phosphate ions has been studied. The process of fluoride and phosphate ions binding in the developed ceramic material is shown to occur because of ionicinteraction forces, where the ceramic material serves as a matrix with the fixed lanthanum ions with the increased chemical affinity for fluoride and phosphate ions. The microporous structure of the developed ceramic material facilitates ionic interaction of fluoride and phosphate ions with lanthanum ions throughout the entire material. The addition of 6 wt.% lanthanum carbonate into the charge might help producing an effective ceramic material used for the natural water treatment containing up to 5 mg/l of phosphate ions and up to 13 mg/l of fluoride ions. Environmental safety of the material has been proved experimentally.


Motivated by new storage technologies where the errors in data writing and retention tend to be of limited magnitude and localized, we present new code constructions capable of correcting limited-magnitude asymmetric errors that are within pairwise bounded distance of each other. To account for the dynamic nature of the errors across a Flash device's lifetime, another construction is given that corrects unidirectional errors. The proposed constructions offer substantial savings in rate over the conventional error correction schemes, and are particularly amenable for emerging dense storage technologies such as Flash.


When an acoustic wave is present in a solid propellant combustion environment, the mass flux from the combustion zone oscillates at the same frequency as the acoustics. The acoustic wave is either amplified or attenuated by the response of the combustion to the acoustic disturbance. When the acoustic wave is amplified, this process is called combustion instability. The amplification is quantitatively measured by a response function. The ability to predict combustion stability for a solid propellant formulation is essential to the formulator to prevent or minimize the effects of instabilities, such as an oscillatory thrust. Unfortunately, the prediction of response values for a particular propellant remains a technical challenge. Most predictions of the response of propellants are based on test data, but there are a number of questions about the reliability of the standard test method, the T-burner. Alternate methods have been developed to measure the response of a propellant, including the ultrasound burner, the magnetic flowmeter and the rotating valve burner, but there are still inconsistencies between the results obtained by these different methods. Aside from the experimental differences, the values of the pressure-coupled responses obtained by different researchers are often compared erroneously, for the simple reason that inconsistencies in the definitions of the responses and admittances are not considered. The use of different definitions has led to substantial confusion since the first theoretical treatments of the problem by Hart and McClure in 1959. The definitions and relations derived here seek to alleviate this problem.


Helium-neon (HeNe) laser radiation is usually utilized in dentistry for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, principally in Europe. No studies on the ultrastructural effects of HeNe laser irradiation of the periodontal tissues have been reported. This study shows the ultrastructural effects of HeNe laser radiation in mouse periodontium in two different conditions of irradiation. Twenty-four forty days old albino mice were irradiated with a HeNe laser source. They were divided into two groups according to dosage and time (two and six minutes of irradiation. 10.50566J/cm2 and 51.51698 J/cm2 respectively . Each group was subdivided depending on the time of animal sacrifice (immediately after irradiation or 10 days later, respectively). A further 12 mice served as controls using the same handling procedures and times as the experimental groups, but without radiation. In transmission electron microscopy (T.E.M.) ultrathin sections showed epithelial alterations only in the group irradiated for six minutes, and was more manifested in the sacrificed animals ten days after the irradiation. In the low dose irradiated animals, the bone showed two osteocyte populations according to their response to radiation. The connective tissue also showed two types of fibroblast population. This study showed abnormal cellular effects after HeNe laser irradiation in healthy rat periodontium, being more predominant at higher doses, although also present at doses usually utilized in clinical practice.


A design layout optimization for deformable trimaran with the basis of DTMB5415 based on BP neural network is presented. With taking CFD software calculated results for its sample values, BP neural network can predict resistances of the unit displacement under different layout and speed through trained. From above, the best layout of the ship adjusted with the speed can be drawn on the basis of ensuring the calculation accuracy. Compared to traditional CFD method, BP neural network can not only greatly reduce the computational time but also search for the optimal layout corresponding to any speed quickly and reliably. CFD method limited the layout and speed to obtain the minimum resistance value, and BP neural network method broke this inherent mode above and it really play the "deformable" advantage. It can be better applied to engineering practice and provides a new idea for computer-aided layout optimization of triamran.


Photosynthesising cyanobacteria breathed life into what was, until 1500 million years ago (Mya), a planet virtually devoid of oxygen (O2), splitting water to obtain the hydrogen required to drive metabolic reactions (2H2O → 4H + O2↑). The inexorable rise in atmospheric O2 during the Proterozoic aeon of the Precambrian period 2500–540 Mya saw the emergence of aerobic respiration following a symbiotic merger with the once free-living α-proteobacteria that subsequently gave way to the more sophisticated energy powerhouse, the mitochondrion. Chemical reduction by the mitochondrial electron transport chain favoured O2 as the (ideal) terminal electron acceptor, reducing it to water, providing more efficient, regulated metabolic support that signalled the development of more complex structures including the early brain in bilateri. Today's 'modern' brain exemplifies our reliance on O2 because, unlike most other organs, an evolutionary 'drive for size' has meant that it is now committed to a continually active state, demanding a disproportionate 20–25% of the body's basal O2 budget, more than 10 times that expected from its mass alone (Bailey, 2019). Simply put, O2 is the molecule that made our world, our brains and us; without it, we wouldn't be here! However, our basic need for O2 obscures a fascinating paradox; it is a toxic, mutagenic gas that is deadly to the CNS when in excess! So how can too much of a good thing be so bad? Delving deep into O2's molecular orbital structure reveals that the triplet ground state (most stable) diatomic O2 molecule exists in air as a free radical since it has two unpaired electrons with parallel spins in opposing orbitals. Thankfully for the brain, which is peculiarly susceptible to the ravages of free radical-induced membrane peroxidation (Bailey et al. 2018), this configuration means that O2 is 'spin-restricted', forcing it to accept electrons one at a time to yield the superoxide anion (O2•−), which means that, despite its powerful oxidising nature (it is highly explosive rocket fuel after all!), O2 at normal concentrations reacts sluggishly with the brain's organic biomolecules, protecting them from spontaneous combustion! But at higher PO2 values, the story is quite different, with univalent formation of O2•− increasing, catalysing downstream formation of hydrogen peroxide (yet another rocket fuel!) and the hydroxyl radical, infamous for its unrivalled ability to cause indiscriminate membrane damage that lies at the very heart (and brain!) of O2 toxicity. Rising atmospheric O2 levels probably signalled a death sentence to anaerobes, favouring the survival of organisms that could cope with free radical-mediated O2 toxicity and control oxidative processes to harness energy, including cellular protection through evolution of antioxidant defence that even the Last Universal Common Ancestor was equipped with (Weiss et al. 2016). However, emerging evidence suggests that over billions of years of evolution, life has changed from simply eliminating free radicals and associated reactive oxygen species (ROS) to utilising them for selective advantage; indeed rather than being simply labelled as toxic, mutagenic 'accidents' of in vivo chemistry constrained to cellular oxidative damage and pathophysiology, it is becoming increasingly clear that at physiological, albeit undefined, concentrations, free radicals and ROS can equally serve as important signal transductants regulating gene expression and vasomotor tone that collectively serve to defend cerebral O2 homeostasis (Bailey, 2019). The findings published in this issue of The Journal of Physiology by Mattos et al. (2019) speak to these potentially neuroprotective mechanisms providing much-needed human insight into the redox-regulation of 'cerebral O2-sensing'. By combining paired sampling of arterial and jugular venous blood to assess trans-cerebral metabolic exchange with regional assessment of CBF, the authors demonstrated that acute isocapnic hyperoxia decreased CBF and cerebral metabolic rate of O2 (CMRO2) subsequent to increased systemic and cerebral oxidative-nitrosative stress confirmed by a free radical-mediated reduction in nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. These changes were restored following intravenous infusion of vitamin C, the primary water-soluble chain-breaking antioxidant, at supraphysiological concentrations sufficient to outcompete O2•−-mediated NO inactivation, thereby conserving its vasoactive function. Importantly, albeit contrary to the original working hypothesis, hyperoxia failed to cause structural neuronal-parenchymal damage as indicated by stable exchange of neuron-specific enolase. Interestingly and quite unlike skeletal muscle, the observed increase in arterial O2 content would typically be associated with a reciprocal reduction in CBF to 'maintain' CMRO2 at its normoxic baseline value. Yet CMRO2 in the present study was shown to decrease, similar in magnitude to reductions observed in hypoxaemic-hypercapneic freedivers during prolonged apnoea, which was taken to reflect cerebral O2-conservation (Bain et al. 2016). Thus, could it simply be that oxidative-nitrosative stress signals (cerebral) arterial vasoconstriction and associated cerebral hypoperfusion helping titrate the delivery of excess O2 (and ROS) to protect the cerebrovasculature from potential damage? Antioxidant supplementation clearly upset this equilibrium, exposing the brain to additional, arguably needless O2. Why there isn't a negative feedback system triggering a compensatory reduction in O2 extraction to offset increased delivery is puzzling. Given that the brain's O2 supply is so delicate, walking the tightrope between too much or too little of this rocket fuel, it would seem intuitive for evolution to favour feedback mechanisms capable of sensing subtle changes in blood O2 concentration and transmitting signals to the cerebrovasculature coupling local cerebral O2 delivery to tissue metabolic demand. The new information presented by Mattos et al. (2019) adds to an emerging, albeit limited, body of human evidence, indicating that free radicals may well fulfil such a role in preserving cellular O2 homeostasis.


This presentation briefly eneumerates some of the lessons learned from the Berkeley and Madison experiences. Discuss the concept with community leaders and local media representatives good at communicating potentially controversial ideas on a one to one basis before holding larger meetings to avoid public misurderstandings. Have a good ombudsman or "ligtning rod person" to answer citizens' questions. Be open to making changes in a concept as a result of feedback from the community. In addition to the usual citizen participation and transportation literature, policy analysis journals have had articles on Washington based health, education and housing projects which flounder on the local level which would be useful.


The BBC micro:bit is a pocket-sized electronic development platform built with education in mind. It was developed by the BBC in partnership with major tech companies, communities, and educational organisations to provide children around the world with a fun, practical and inexpensive way to develop their digital skills with no pre-existing knowledge of computers, electronics or programming required. With comprehensive coverage and easy-to-follow instructions, The Official BBC micro:bit User Guide contains everything budding coders – whether children or adults need to know to start building right away. More experienced programmers can dive straight in to writing their own code and customising their BBC micro:bit with add-ons. Written by internationally bestselling tech author Gareth Halfacree, the book is divided into four main parts beginning with an introduction to the BBC micro:bit. Part II helps the user to get started writing their own programs, with a chapter dedicated to each of the three main programming languages used with the BBC micro:bit (JavaScript Blocks, JavaScript and Python®). The third part, covers 'Advanced BBC micro:bit Projects', whilst the final part contains the appendices with full program listings for every program in the book. As well as explaining how the BBC micro:bit works and what it can do, The Official BBC micro:bit User Guide will help readers to: master basic programming concepts communicate wirelessly between BBC micro:bits build their own wearable BBC micro:bit build circuits and add extensions integrate the BBC micro:bit with the Raspberry Pi® In addition to the code recipes in the book which will help readers get started immediately, circuit diagrams, code downloads and more are available at the companion website: www.wiley.com/go/bbcmicrobituserguide. More information about the BBC micro:bit can be found on The micro:bit Educational Foundation website. The Official BBC micro:bit User Guide will be available wherever books and ebooks are sold.


Simulation of forming processes usually involves large transformations and/or stain localization. In the context of the finite element method (FEM), a common approach to deal with such phenomena is the use of continuous adaptive remeshing. Nevertheless, constructing a quality mesh is a delicate task, especially for complex 3D problems. The natural element meshfree method is a recent numerical technique which uses the features of the Delaunay triangulation of the set of nodes, providing an accuracy equivalent to the quadrilateral/hexahedral finite elements, even if the Delaunay triangles are very distorted. In this context, inserting or removing nodes is an easy task, as no special geometrical criterion is imposed on the relative position of the nodes. Furthermore, the use of a stabilized conforming nodal integration allows to define nodal internal variables, which simplifies transfer of these data through successive updates of the reference configuration in a Lagrangian procedure. In this paper, a framework for practical implementation of the NEM in the context of explicit thermo-elasto-plasticity at finite strains is provided, and an adaptive strategy, based on the attractive features of the NEM is developped. The proposed technique for forming processes simulation is illustrated in the context of dynamic shear bands propagation after impact.