Abstract The cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) surface modified with phenolic and acrylic resins were investigated for different properties such as thermally stability and adhesive property, the mechanical properties of CNCs and interactions of the resulting materials at a micro-level are very important. Phenolic resins are of great interest due to their smooth structure, low thermal conductivity and good thermal insulation. However, the high spray rates and poor mechanical properties limit its use for external insulation of buildings. Acrylic resins are used as a matrix resin for adhesives and composites due to their adhesion, mechanical properties, and their good chemical resistance. The brittleness of acrylic resins makes them less attractive than the structural materials, being much harder. For this reason, most of the resins are modified with suitable elastomers, which act as hardeners. Therefore, treatment of these compounds is necessary. In this research paper, the effect of CNCs surface on phenolic and acrylic resins were investigated to obtain an optimized surface using three different weight (wt%) ratios of CNCs. Scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), X-rays diffraction (XRD), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to characterize the structure, and investigate different properties of CNCs. Furthermore, the Zwick/Roell Z020 model was used to investigate the adhesion properties of the phenolic and acrylic resins with CNCs.


Only the uninformed will be surprised to learn that the provision of (or failure to provide) education is of great political importance in every state which claims to be democratic. Any modern society in which the provision of education is not prioritized by government is well on the way to comprehensive moral collapse as well as social disintegration.


The present study sought to underline the need for expanded transitioning college programming to the 2nd year by examining dysfunctional career thoughts among college students with learning disabilities (LDs). Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used to examine the mean differences between 93 college sophomores and seniors with LD on the three subscales of the Career Thoughts Inventory (CTI). Findings from the MANOVA showed significant mean differences among groups. Follow-up analysis found that sophomores showed significantly higher dysfunctional career thoughts than seniors. Seniors displayed substantially lower mean scores on the CTI subscales than sophomores. Findings support the need to extend transition programming that includes addressing students' dysfunctional career thoughts beyond the 1st year to help ease college transition difficulties and thus promote persistence and retention of students with LD. Research and practice implications are presented for career scholars and practitioners working with college students with LD.


Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of a high carbohydrate diet and a higher protein diet on lipid levels in young, normolipidemic, and previously sedentary participants. Methods: Ninety-sevensedentaryparticipants who had been inactive for theprevious three months were randomly assigned to one offour diet groups andfollowed recommended exercise prescriptions. Results: Significant differences werefiund between diet and HDL levels. Conclusions: The findings of this study demonstrate that a diet with higher levels of protein, lower levels of carbohydrate and fat, when combined with exercise, may help to improve the risk profile of participants.


A biometric system is a pattern-recognition system that recognizes a person based on either physiological or behavioral characteristics. This kind of system is used to provide access control to some valuable assets. In this paper, we proposed a behavioral biometric system that used random mouse movement in identifying a user. We developed a prototype of the proposed system and experiment it with a number of users. The experiment produced 14 matching or equal to 46.67% of successful matching. The results can be a preliminary result in observing the behavior of a user when the user was interacting with a random application by using a mouse.


trials over his weight and his golf game. When reading the letters, the Washington of the early twentieth century comes alive, complete with its social register, changing fashions, and outsized personalities. Taft was remarkably candid with Helen; the correspondence provides an intimate glimpse into their relationship. It is clear that Taft not only loved his wife deeply but also respected her intelligence and insight. The letters present readers with a humanized Taft, far from the caricature that so often pervades images of the man and his presidency. As Gould notes, few of the letters gathered here have been published previously. Unlike the more colorful Theodore Roosevelt or the intellectual Woodrow Wilson, Taft's papers have not been part of a documentary project to publish volumes of his correspondence. This is what makes Gould's book so valuable. The correspondence between the Tafts enriches our knowledge of his presidency and his personality. Gould divided the correspondence into six chapters spanning his tenure in office. The phases correspond with his trips around the country. Gould prefaces each chapter with a short summary of where Taft went on his journeys and the topics he discussed in his letters to Helen. He notes if each letter was typed or handwritten. Gould's footnotes throughout the book are useful in detailing important events and identifying lesser known people. The book is also well illustrated with photographs, which give an added dimension to the story. My Dearest Nellie is a meticulously edited book that enhances not only the story of William Howard and Helen Herron Taft but also gives insight into the inner workings of a president, documenting his evolution in the office and his views on the people and events surrounding him. The William Howard Taft who emerges is a far more complex character than he appears in the popular mythos. As Gould notes, "Taft has been written off as a failed chief executive who was pushed into office by his wife. In fact, as he argued to Mrs. Taft during the summer of 1912, he was a creditable chief executive confronted with a changing political environment, a disappointed and bitter Roosevelt, and a resurgent Democratic Party" (13). Taft's letters help readers understand "how the modern American presidency came into existence at the start of the twentieth century" (13). Donna M. DeBlasio Youngstown State University


The temperature(including annealing temperature and measurement temperature) effects on the structure and optical properties of Eu/TiO2 nanomaterials were studied.It was found that the particle size is increase with the annealing temperatures.The emission intensity of the Eu3+ ions increases with annealing temperature,but decreases when the annealing temperature is over 973 K.Meanwhile,a broad emission band ascribed to defect states associated with Ti3+ ions and oxygen vacancies is intensified with the increasing of annealing temperature.The fluorescence spectra at low measurement temperatures show that the emission intensity of the broad emission band is enhanced while the emission from Eu3+ ions is weaken with the decrease of annealing temperature.The mechanism was discussed in this paper.


The present invention provides a low-dropout linear regulator, the low-dropout linear regulator includes a differential amplifier; and a first inverting amplifier cascade differential amplifier, the output end of the first inverting amplifier having a first inverting amplifier output load; and the last-stage inverter amplifier; LDO wherein further comprises a follower amplifier and the final-stage inverter output load independent of the output load of the first inverting amplifier, wherein the output terminal of the final stage inverter amplifier and follower connected to the input and output of the inverting amplifier final stage output load is connected at the end of the inverting amplifier, and an output terminal of the follower and the output terminal of the first inverting amplifier. The present invention provides a low-dropout linear regulator has a faster response speed and stability, and high current limiting accuracy.


The growth of long line fleets operating in the south of Java resulted in smaller tuna caches both in number and size. Information on species and size composition of tunas is very important. This was done to obtain an overview of long line catch composition and its linear regression. The long liner's cat ch data from south of Java in July, September, October 2005 and January 2006 are processed with a simple linear regression. The result shows that the yellow fin tuna is the dominant catch, where stingrays are the largest in by catch. From length-weight relationship analysis, which is divided into whole length-weight relationship and processed lengthweight relationship, it is shown that the growth of big eye tuna is isometric, where albacore and yellow fin is negative allometric.


The long femoral stump has always caused difficulty in satisfactory limb fitting. The reasons for this are discussed in this paper. An improved method of prosthetic management and design for amputations at this level is put forward. The surgical problems involved at this level are briefly discussed and a different surgical approach is suggested.


If Darwin were to survey the entirety of the biological sciences today, he would be pleased to observe how central phylogenies and "tree thinking" are to integrative research (1). Biologists of all stripes now realize that phylogenies are not exotic, but fundamental and routine tools for understanding not only history but mechanism, organization, and function of biological networks at all levels, from molecular and cellular to ecological. The last two decades have seen an explosion of sophisticated statistical methods for inferring phylogenetic trees (2), and these methods are remarkably robust to a variety of forces that can conceivably derail phylogenetic analysis and lead researchers to incorrect conclusions about phylogenetic relationships—forces such as vagaries of the molecular clock, changing base compositions of DNA sequences, even evolutionary convergence, whether driven by natural selection or simple biases of mutation. Yet some genes in some groups of species exhibit evolutionary convergence on such a vast scale that even the best phylogenetic methods fail and erroneous relationships result. The report by Castoe et al. in this issue of PNAS (3) documents an example of rampant convergence in the mitochondrial DNA of snakes, and it raises intriguing questions as to how widespread such convergence is in molecular data.


The purpose of this research was to study the ocular form and growth status of the Han nationality of Chinese in Sichuan Province.Four indices were determined from anthropometric and photographic methods conducted on Han aged between 2 and 25 years old.The 2154 males and 2154 females were divided into 29 groups according to their ages.The mean and standard deviation of data of each index from all groups were calculated,and the sexual differences and growth status by age were studied.The results showed that the extern-binocular breadth and interpapillary distance of males was greater than females in most groups,with significant differences shown between genders,while the interocular breadth and eyeslit breadth of males were slightly larger than females,with no significant difference between genders.Ocular growth curves increased with increasing age,and one to two peaks occurred.Ocular growth is found within certain stages,and females show faster growth status than males in some certain ages.


Okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench] is an annual vegetable belonging to malvaceae family; it is also known by different names viz., ladies finger, bhindi, bamia, okro or gumbo in different parts of the world. Okra is valued for its tender green fruits. It is cooked in a variety of ways and used as an ingredient in a wide variety of dishes. Young tender leaves are used as a leafy vegetable in some parts of the world. The ripe seeds are roasted, ground and used as substitute for coffee in Turkey (Mehta, 1959). The roots and stem are used for clearing the cane juice from which gur or brown sugar is prepared (Chauhan, 1972). Its medicinal value has also been reported in curing ulcer and relief from haemorrhoids (Adams, 1975). The total area and production under okra in the world is reported to be 1.26 million ha and 22.29 million tonnes, respectively (Anonymous, 2017). It is mainly grown in India, Nigeria, Sudan, Pakistan, Ghana, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Mexico and Cameroon. India ranks first in area and production which followed by Nigeria. In India, it is grown in an area of 0.50 million ha with an annual production of 5.98 International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 7 Number 05 (2018) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com


The vastness of IPv6 address space and rapid spread of its deployment attract us to usage of IPv6 network. Various types of devices, including embedded systems, are ready to use IPv6 addresses and some of them have already been connected directly to the Internet. Such situation entices attackers to change their strategies and choose the embedded systems as their targets. We have to deploy various types of honey pots on IPv6 network to trace his activities and infer his objective. Huge address space and wide variety of devices, however, suggest the limitation of conventional honey pots. In this paper, we propose a system that dynamically assigns an address to a honey pot by detecting an access to an unassigned address. We also present our strategy against IPv6 address scans by making honey pots collaborate each other.


A continuous discussion of which perspectives to include and which to exclude characterises the definition of cultural heritage. After Norway's new Prison Act had been introduced in 1857, the foremost architects in the country were engaged when the decision was made to build a series of regional prisons. Today some of these former bastions of justice need to be accorded new functions. The discussion here is based on an examination of two former prisons that have been turned into cultural institutions. It is a contemporary study primarily based on observations and photographic documentation, supplemented by information from local historical literature and informal conversations (interviews). The research questions are: What processes are put into effect if buildings erected to ensure punishment are regarded as cultural heritage, and what processes of selection of relevant stories take place? Focus is put on how and why certain aspects of the past are highlighted and others are silenced, and several factors are involved here. Ignoring certain elements can be a way to protect individuals from exposure and recognition on purely ethical grounds, but it can also be a way of excluding historical events that do not correspond very well with the new cultural profile. A common mantra in present-day heritage management is preservation through adaptive reuse, and a sub-chapter in the latest White Paper on cultural heritage policy is titled 'Protection, Use and Development' (Meld. St. 35: 41). Yet, what happens to buildings when they have to be adjusted to meet today's needs? Not only is there a series of building regulations to be adhered to, but changes and adjustments have to be made to accommodate the new functions. As new features are added, former connotations disappear. Some of the prison build- ings erected in the late nineteenth century were based on drawings by some of the leading architects of the period, and as former monuments of justice with high architectural value a number of these buildings are listed. Cultural and recreational activities in various forms are functions well suited for this type


New product development (NPD) is a path not a destination; a path that organisations, more than ever, should follow to survive in the present unpredictable and dynamic market. Prospector organisations, especially those whom are leaders in their own industrial sector, implement some factors to improve new product success rate. In this regard, by applying a sequential mixed method approach, 13 key factors are identified and categorised into managerial, structural and organisational, process and environmental factors. Through identifying, analysing and verifying importance of these factors, this research aims to bridge the gap between theoretical studies and practical subjects of NPD.


Recent CuInSe? (CIS) thin film module development emphasized process control and module durability. CIS submodules 0.4 m2 in size with aperture area efficiencies of 9.7% and power outputs of 37.8 W were fabricated using production-compatible processing techniques. Module stability was measured on 0.1 m2 prototypes at several outdoor test sites. Modules changed less than 6% after 17f months of continuous outdoor exposure. Module durability was also evaluated in accelerated life tests based on the Jet Propulsion Laboratory Block V environmental tests. Median module power changed less than 8% after 10 humidity-freeze cycles, provided good mechanical adhesion existed between the CIS layer and the substrate.


Objective:To detect the level of sHLA-G protein in plasma and the expression of its isoforms mRNA in placenta in patients with severe preeclampsia during the third trimester,to explore the origin of sHLA-G and its significance in preeclampsia.Methods:①The level of sHLA-G in plasma was detected by Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)in severe preeclampsia group(n=20),normal pregnancy group(n=20)and unpregnancy group(n=20)from October,2008 to April,2009 in Tangdu hospital;the expression of isoforms mRNA of sHLA-G(HLA-G5,G6)in placenta in severe preeclampsia group and normal pregnancy group was checked by Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(RT-PCR).Results:①The plasma level of sHLA-G in severe preeclampsia group was much lower than that in normal pregnancy group(P 0.05).Maternal plasma HLA-G levels in unpregnancy group were significantly different from those in normal pregnancy and preeclampsia group(P0.05).②The relative expressions of HLA-G5,G6 mRNA in preeclampsia group(0.32)were obviously lower than those in normal pregnancy group(1.0).Conclusions:A decrease of sHLA-G protein in plasma and the low expression of sHLA-G isoform mRNA in placenta of patients with severe preeclampsia may associate with the pathogenesis of preeclampsia,and placenta could be one of the origins of sHLA-G.


"Asia" is the term that we often use in everyday life. But Asia has not the single identity because of a varied ethnic groups, languages and religions. The geographical boundary of Asia is not clear either. Why do Asia not has a specific identity? And yet how do we use generally the term Asia? We have to examine the history of concept of Asia so as to comprehend these problems. The term Asia was made by Europe. There have not been a that term in Asia before Europeans came to this area. Asia was not originally a area represented by one term. But Asians accepted the term Asia as actual state after modern times, and this term produced and diffused the Asian identity in Asia. This article examine the history of concept of Asia made by Europeans first and by Asians second, and verify that the identity of Asia was made in certain historical condition. The purpose is not to deny or to deconstruct the actual reality of Asia, but to create a base of possibility for reconstitute the new identity of Asia.


Laser-enhanced electroless gold plating on polyimide resin plate was conducted in a cyanide-free bath. Electroless gold plating on polyimide resin was possible when a breakage protector such as a ceramic or copper plate was set behind the resin plate. The protector acts as a heat scatterer. Using a copper protector with higher heat conductivity produced a better gold deposit than using the ceramic plate.


1. Facilitation of nerve muscle transmission by repetitive stimulation was usually observed in frog preparation with wide range of stimuli frequencies, while occasionally observed in rat and rabbit muscle in situ only at certain range of frequencies. The facilitation of frog muscle was made more remarkable by reducing Ca concentration in the medium, and was made less remarkable by post-tetanic potentiation and Ca increase in the medium.2. Double shock experiment on frog preparation showed two distinguished kinds and an intermediate of the spike height-interval curve. One curve should be transfered to another by changing the Ca concentration in bathing medium.3. Double shock experiment on single nerve fibre-single muscle fibre preparation showed that there were two modes of transmission; in one, the impulse was transmitted by the first as well as the second shock, but the second shock occasionally failed in some definite shock interval. In the other, the impulse was transmitted only by the second shock, and that only in some limited phase of shock intervals. And the one could be transfered to the other by changing the Ca concentration.4. The various spike-interval relation observed in the whole muscle could be explained by considering the relative composition of these two kinds of synapses.5. The time course of the size of the second e. p.p. did not show two kinds, but the difference of whether it attains the firing level or not would give rise to two kinds of synapse.6. Repetitive stimulation was carried out also on the frog end-plate potential, small nerve junctional potential and the fish muscle, showing facilitation in a certain range of frequencies.This research was supported in part by a research grant from the Educational Ministry.


Our SPECT research has two main areas. One is instrumentation development and the other is image reconstruction development. In instrumentation development, we are working on three projects that develop methods for (1) multi-pinhole small animal SPECT system calibration and normalization, (2) skew-slit collimation for small animal SPECT imaging, and (3) a human stationary cardiac SPECT system. The goals for these designs are to reduce imaging artifacts and improve the system sensitivities while maintaining the system resolution. In algorithm development, we are working on three projects. (1) We are developing fast reconstruction algorithms using non-stationary post-filtering. The filtering has two steps: further blurring to create a shift-invariant point spread function and efficient deblurring with a shift-invariant point spread function. (2) We are developing a noise distribution independent noise model for iterative image reconstruction. Only the data noise variance is used in modeling. (3) We are developing algorithms for SPECT region-of –interest reconstruction with truncated emission and transmission data. Lately, cardiac CT imaging has been a strong focus of attention of CT research at UCAIR. I will review the aims of two NIH grants targeted at developing systems to image the whole heart within a single heartbeat, with high temporal and spatial resolution. One grant investigates complete source-detector trajectories around the patient, that is trajectory that provide sufficient data for reconstruction. The other grant allows for a cheaper design but at the cost of yielding incomplete data that can potentially lead to cone-beam artifacts affecting the image quality. Besides cardiac CT imaging, efforts have also been made at developing technology for extended volume imaging in the interventional room, and technology for efficacious incorporation of redundant data in multi-slice CT with helical data acquisition. These efforts will be briefly reviewed after description of the cardiac CT imaging projects. Introduction Coils with transverse magnetic field profiles having uniform amplitude but linear phase variation across the imaging volume have been demonstrated to be optimal for fidelity of excitation in parallel transmission (1) and are useful for reduced SAR slice selective excitation and for gradient-less imaging (TRASE) (2). Such field profiles have been obtained with twisted birdcage coil designs (2,3). We propose a novel excitation coil design based on a non-resonant microstrip design (4) which achieves very uniform amplitude of transverse magnetic field with linear phase variation along the z axis of the coil. Method The coil design is illustrated in Figure 1. The coil consists …


Resumo Denture Stomatitis (DE) is a multifactorial inflammation of the region of the buccal mucosa associated with the use of total dentures that causes pain, burning and discomfort to the patient. When triggered by Candida spp. infection, the symptoms of the clinical condition are prolonged and aggravated. Candida spp is a dimorphic fungus that lives in symbiosis in the human microbiota and that due to changes in the environment may trigger pathological situations such as that cited. Aminochalcone is a flavonoid that has anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic properties and which, due to the development of resistance to conventional antimicrobials, has become the target of studies for antibacterial and antifungal activity. The objective of this project was the bioprospection of aminochalcones against C. albicans and C tropicalis planktonic, as well as biofilms of C. albicans and C. tropicalis (mono and mixed), human gingival fibroblast (FGH) toxicity (in vitro) and in Galleria mellonella (in vivo) of chalcona with better activity.


The presence of riparian vegetation on river bank sides increases the soil reinforcement at the river banks and therefore reduces the river bank erosion. This contribution of vegetation on river bank stability is mainly owing to the specific root architecture which influence for the mechanical and hydraulic properties of soil  –  root interrelationship. Therefore, this study focused on the architectural characteristics of root systems of three selected shrub species: Lagenandra ovata, Spathiphyllum cannifolium and Colocasia esculenta and ultimately rank those species according to the ability of soil reinforcement by establishing soil-root relationship. The natural river bank area with well growing of selected shrub species was selected as study area. Laboratory tests were conducted to measure root tensile strength and to estimate the root density distribution with depth (Root Area Ratio, RAR). And also, the power law relationship between tensile strength and root diameter was obtained. Ultimately, additional soil shear resistance by roots was theoretically calculated with the help of Calculated RAR and root tensile strength values. Based on the results of root tensile strength (power law relationships), all the considered shrub species were significantly correlated (R2>0.5) with power law relationships. In addition, the strongest roots with the maximum a value (3.924) and the lowest b value (decay coefficient) (0.31) was obtained from Lagenandra ovata. Concerning the results of root distribution, the significantl y (p<0.05) highest values for RAR at each depth level were recorded for the same species. In other way, the highest value of RAR indicates the highest reinforcement of soil by roots. This statement has been proven by the theoretical calculation of additional soil shear resistence by roots which have highest values for Lagenandra ovata. So, Lagenandra ovata can be ranked at the first place of soil reinforcement owing to its specific root architecture comparing with other considered species. Key words: Root architecture, soil reinforcement, root area ratio, root tensile strength, soil shear resistance


[Abstract] We previously demonstrated single-laser-shot electronic resonance enhanced (ERE) coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) detection of nitric oxide (NO). The ERE CARS spectra were generated using the 532-nm output of an injection-seeded Nd:YAG laser as the pump beam, a spectrally narrowed 591-nm broadband dye laser for the Stokes beam, and a 236-nm narrowband ultraviolet probe beam. In this paper further experiments on vibrational ERE CARS of NO are discussed. In addition, pure rotational spectra of NO were recorded and the resonant enhancement of the pure rotational NO CARS spectrum was investigated.


1 There are no selective effects of Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+ or Cl− on the binding of antagonists or agonists to muscarinic receptors in rat brain. A decrease in affinity related to ionic strength is found for all these ions. 2 Larger effects were produced by T+, La3+, and some transition metal ions.


Accepting freebies and the consequence of doing so is a long‐standing ethical issue in journalism. Critics argue that freebies corrupt journalists and undercut the integrity of journalism. Working journalists tend to agree. Accepting freebies, however, is widespread in many countries. Why is there such an attitude‐behavior gap? Surveying 771 journalists in Taiwan, we explored the gap from the framework of optimistic bias regarding risk perceptions and risk‐taking behavior. Results reveal that most journalists thought freebies were unacceptable, but they perceived their peers as more vulnerable to the freebies‐accepting situation than themselves. The less vulnerable to such situations those journalists felt, the more tolerant they were toward freebies and the more likely they were to accept them.


Aninonic carrier poly(N‐vinylpyrrolidone‐co‐maleic acid) and its conjugates, prepared with coupling of 2‐cyano‐3‐hydroxy‐5‐amino‐2‐pentenoyc(4‐trifluoromethyl anilide) or (6′,7′‐dimethyl‐1′‐quinoxalinyl)‐4‐(2′ amino) acetanilide to the carrier, were analyzed by capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) and micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) in the following buffers: 0.25N triethylammonium phosphate (TEAP); sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS; 25–150 mM) in TEAP (pH 2.25–6.30); 0.1 M Na‐borate buffer (pH range 7–11) and SDS (25–150 mM) in Na‐borate buffer (pH range 7–11). The presence of strong carboxyl groups (dissociated even at pH 2.25) on the polymer chain was proved by the CZE method. It was also proved by potentometric titration that carboxyls with a wide range of acidity were on the polymer chain. CZE was able to differentiate among the analytes possessing carboxyl groups of different acidic strengths at pH 2.25. These components were not distinguished by CZE at high pH va use (11.0). Interaction between the analyte and SDS affected the separation at this pH, and hence good resolution was obtained by MEKC. Informative separations were achieved both for the carrier and the conjugates in TEAP buffer at pH 2.25 by the CZE method. Optimal separation was achieved in borate buffer containign 75 mM SDS at pH 11.0 for the carrier and at pH 7.7 for the conjugates in MEKC.


(1976). How I got over: Communication dynamics in the black community. Quarterly Journal of Speech: Vol. 62, No. 1, pp. 26-39.


The evolution of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has been previously described either in studies of large patient cohorts with focus on only a restricted number of AML-associated genes or in smaller series of relapsed patients studied by genome-wide techniques. We set out to comprehensively characterize the genetic evolution in a large AML cohort in order to understand molecular mechanisms of relapse and therapy-resistance. We performed exome-sequencing of matched bone marrow or peripheral blood samples taken at diagnosis, complete remission and relapse from 47 patients with cytogenetically normal AML (CN-AML). Samples were collected within the German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) at the partner sites in Berlin and Munich. The median age at diagnosis was 65y (range: 21-89y). FLT3 internal tandem duplication (ITD) and NPM1 mutation status at diagnosis was available for all but one patient (FLT3-ITD-/NPM1-, n=5; FLT3-ITD+/NPM1-, n=9; FLT3-ITD-/NPM1+, n=16; FLT3-ITD+/NPM1+, n=16). On average, 96% of the target sequence was covered at least 10-fold (minimum coverage defined for variant calling). The following criteria were applied for identification of somatic mutations: Variant allele frequency (VAF) ³20% either at diagnosis or at relapse and VAF Based on cytogenetics and copy number alteration (CNA) analysis of exome data, we detected partial or complete gain/loss of chromosomes. Five patients (11%) acquired chromosomal alterations during disease progression. Trisomy 8 was the only recurrent chromosomal abnormality gained in 3 patients (6%) at relapse. To detect pre-leukemic lesions, we evaluated our exome data for the persistence of mutations in 40 AML-associated driver genes during remission. We limited our analysis to mutations previously reported as confirmed somatic (COSMIC annotation) to avoid confounding with private germline variants. Strikingly, 25/47 (53%) of patients carried non-silent mutations in these genes with VAF>5% (median: 31%, range: 9-75%) at remission (30 mutations in total). In contrast, other mutations (e.g. in FLT3 or NRAS) found in these patients could not be detected at remission, consistent with therapy response. Based on VAF, 23/30 (77%) persistent mutations showed a dynamic pattern over the course of disease with a relative change of >20%, likely due to partial eradication/expansion of leukemic or pre-leukemic clones. Persistent mutations in DNMT3A, TET2, RUNX1 and IDH2 were observed in 28%, 11%, 6% and 4% of patients in our cohort, respectively (Figure 1 B). Among patients with DNMT3A mutation at diagnosis, those with persistent mutations tended to relapse earlier (n=13; median time to relapse 270 days; range: 81-586) than patients without detectable DNMT3A mutations at remission (n=7; median time to relapse 508 days; range: 235-1697; p=0.111). Our findings provide insights into the genetic evolution during the course of disease in a large cohort of relapsed CN-AML. Information about the dynamics of genetic lesions (e.g. persistent or relapse-specific mutations) may have prognostic significance and allow for tailored approaches to treat or to prevent relapse of AML. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


In her works,Jane Austen shows us her Manor Complex.Manor is the place where the stories happen—the field of love,the Vanity Fair.The author of this article reveals the complex by analyzing some of her books and also explores why she had such complex.The Manor Complex has something to do with her own experience.She came from a priest family,lived in country for the whole life,and she could not free herself from the influence of her surroundings and the society.So her works bear a marked brand of her times.


Collaborative Decision Making (CDM) is a process of reaching consensus on a potential solution of an issue through the evaluation of the different possible alternatives. The web-based intelligent computational argumen- tation system allows concerned decision making agents to post their arguments on different alternatives, assign degree of strengths to their arguments and identify the most favorable alternative using our system over the internet. Agents are a group of people who participate in the argumentation process for the collaborative decision making process. Our system resolves the conflicts through intelligent argumentation and captures the rationale of the agents from their arguments. The exchange of information among the agents in the form of arguments helps them present their views and opinions and drives the group towards collective intelligence. In this article, we present an approach on how the intelligent argumentation based collaborative decision support system can facilitate the resolution of conflicts in air traffic management. It could enhance the Ground Delay Program (GDP) and help the Air Traffic Control System Com- mand Center (ATCSCC) to take a better decision depending on the argumentation of Air Route Traffic Control Centers (ARTCC) and agents from different airlines.


One of the greatest challenges a clinical microbiologist encounters is identifying and reporting out pathogenic organisms in a timely manner. Physicians want results "stat" in order to prescribe the appropriate antimicrobial and prevent systemic spread of the infectious agent. Although the advent of automation and rapid methods has reduced turn-around times considerably, there are still fastidious organisms that may not grow well on conventional media making identification virtually impossible. These organisms can be extremely pathogenic and unless identified quickly can spread rapidly from person to person. Examples include patients infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), methicillin resistant Staph aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin resistant enterococcus (VRE). Fortunately, molecular diagnostic assays decrease turn around times and provide accurate and sensitive results in the identification of infectious agents. This in turn has allowed for prompt and accurate identification of pathogens, which ultimately improves patient outcomes and patient care. Since the discovery of the DNA molecule in 1953 by James Watson and Francis Crick, the field of molecular biology has accelerated significantly, especially in the last two decades. The reason for this astonishing growth was the contribution of Dr. Kary Banks Mullis. In 1983 while driving one evening through northern California, Dr. Mullis thought of a way to amplify DNA so that billions of copies could be generated in a matter of hours.1 Dr. Mullis, who was working at Cetus Corporation in Emeryville, California at the time invented the technique called the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). PCR has revolutionized the field of molecular biology, biochemistry,… ABBREVIATIONS: bDNA = Branched DNA; DNA = Deoxyribonucleic Acid; dNTP = Deoxyribonucleotides; dATP = Deoxyadenosine Triphosphate; dCTP = Deoxycytidine Triphosphate; dGTP = Deoxyguanosine Triphosphate; dTTP = Deoxythymidine Triphosphate; FDA = Food and Drug Administration; FRET = Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer; MRSA = Methicillin Resistant Staph aureus; MTB = Mycobacterium tuberculosis; NASBA = Nucleic Acid Sequence Based Amplification; PCR = Polymerase Chain Reaction; PFGE = Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis; RT-PCR = Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction; Taq = Thermus aquaticus; TMA = Transcription-Mediated Amplification; VRE = Vancomycin Resistant Enterococcus.


Riemann Zeta function is Sum from s=1 to Infinity =1/1 + 1/2 + 1/3 + 1/4...... All components of the Riemann zeta function can be seen as zeros and on the line 1⁄2 as Lines =1/2 and zeros can be placed anywhere. This 160-year-old Riemann Conjecture problem can be solved by just considering all components and addends as zeros on the 1⁄2 as 1⁄2 lines and zeros can be placed anywhere. Different perspective of zero and 1⁄2 placed anywhere easily solves the supposedly unsolvable problem. Another graph can be set up away from 0 graph which places the same point on the 1⁄2 line. Through this double graphing construction or triple graph construction, we are able to show all points on the zero and also the 1⁄2 line.


The purpose of this study is to determine the structure of the conflict headlines of fake news, placed in print and electronic newspapers. The object of the study are newspaper headings, the subject is the headline structure, which provides a conscious character of the creation or display by the correspondent of the conflict situation. The material was selected from a few Ukrainian-language, Russian-language and English-language newspapers. Methods of cognitive and structural-semantic analysis, as well as a descriptive method, were used. As a result of the research, the structural and semantic priorities of the headlines were acknowledged, in which deliberately false information was created to cause a conflict situation in a modern informational space. We consider the following as the conclusions: 1) the headings of conflict-related newspaper texts do not correspond to the classical requirements of conflict communication, because they do not represent the conflict, but only provoke it; 2) the usual syntactic structure of untruthful headings is a sentence in which the elementary components of its semantic structure are more likely to conflict: subject, predicate, object; 3) the headings in which the journalist manipulates the various components of the semantic structure of the sentence are often represented by constructions of direct speech.


In this paper it is proposed an enhanced simplified control system with good dynamical performances for surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous motors with sinusoidal current control (BLAC), in that to determine the rotor position respectively the speed are used two Hall sensors. The concept of the proposed control system is a speed closed loop. The motor speed is controlled by the voltage amplitude and advance angle of the voltage relative to the vector of rotor permanent magnet flux, while the voltage frequency matches the actual speed of the motor. The voltage amplitude and the advance angle of the voltage are implemented using two tables and taking into account the "dq" model in rotor coordinates of surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous motors with sinusoidal current control (BLAC).


The equations for small amplitude motions of a slender beam with a prescribed axial motion is derived from Hamilton's principle. It is shown that under a particular set of conditions this equation ...


S ince 2001, the local manufacture in Cuba of eight antiretroviral drugs has guaranteed access to effective AIDS therapy to all Cubans who meet the clinical criteria for the disease. Although the incidence of HIV in Cuba has continued to increase, both the number of deaths from AIDS and the incidence of opportunistic infections related to HIV have dropped, as has the number of hospitalized AIDS patients. Cuba has also successfully prevented mother-to-child transmission of HIV: Since 1986, only 29 children have become infected with the virus, either during pregnancy, labor, or breast-feeding. This very low infection rate led UNAIDS in 2006 to call Cuba's program aimed at preventing mother-to-child transmission "among the most effective in the world." Put in its global context, this accomplishment is striking: According to the latest UNAIDS estimates, 420,000 children under 15 were infected with HIV in 2007, 330,000 died of the disease, and 2.5 million were living with HIV. Multiple reasons have been cited to explain Cuba's relative success in this area: the existence of a solid and accessible materGiving Birth, Contesting Stigma: Cuban Women Living With HIV


A belief rule-base inference methodology using the evidential reasoning approach (RIMER) has been developed where a new rule-base designed on the basis of a belief structure forms a basis in the inference mechanism of RIMER. A rule-base with both subjective and analytical elements may be difficult to build in particular for a complex system. A learning method for optimally training the elements of belief rules and other knowledge representation parameters is proposed. Nonlinear multiobjective optimization models are proposed to minimize the differences between the outputs of a belief rule base and given data. The problems are solved using the optimization toolbox provided in MATLAB. The optimization models are extended to hierarchical knowledge based systems. A numerical example for a hierarchical rule-base is examined to demonstrate the new method.


OBJECTIVE To observe the clinical effect of acupuncture at abdomen and loin combined with medium-frequency electrotherapy in the treatment of chronic pelvic inflammation.METHOD Eighty-two patients were randomly divided into a treatment group of 42 patients and a control group of 40 patients,the former treated with acupuncture at the abdomen and loin combined with medium-frequency electrotherapy and the latter,just medium-frequency electrotherapy.RESULT The cure rate,markedly effective rate,effective rate and total effective rate in the treatment group were 47.6%,26.2%,16.7% and 90.5 respectively,while these figures in the control group were 27.5%,20%,15% and 62.5% respectively,with marked difference between the two groups(P0.01).CONCLUSION Better effect was obtained in the treatment group than in the control group.


In rapidly developing Asian countries, food consumption has drastically expanded and diversified. Trends in Malaysian food consumption are typical of those of developing countries. The overriding objective of this article, therefore, was to explore the structural changes in food consumption expenditure in West Malaysia after the early 1970s when its food consumption diversified under rapid economic growth and urbanization. We have estimated Engel's expenditure elasticities for food items using aggregated cross-sectional data from the Household Expenditure Survey. Our estimated results clearly indicate that while the expenditure elasticities of away-from-home food, and the elasticities of at-home expenditures for meat, fruits and vegetables, milk and dairy products are relatively high, those of rice and sugar are low. This suggests that the food expenditure structure in West Malaysia has diversified, adding meat, fruits and vegetables, milk and dairy products to the most dominant food item, rice. Moreover, it is likely that the share of food away from home will increase with income enhancement and urbanization due mainly to economic growth. lEconLit citations: Q11 (Aggregate Demand and Supply)r. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Agribusiness 19: 61-76, 2003.


Objective
To evaluate the effects of ketorolac tromethamine on postoperative analgesia in outpatients undergoing anorectal surgery.

Methods
Two hunderd outpatients scheduled for anorectal surgery under saddle spinal anesthesia were randomly divided into five groups (n=40 each) : group A, B, C, D and E. The patients in group A received oral ibuprofen 300 mg each time after surgery, group B and C ketorolac tromethamine 30 mg and 60 mg intravenously at 10 min before the anesthesia respectively, group D and E ketorolac tromethamine 30 mg and 60 mg at 30 min after the surgery respectively. The patients were given ibuprofen 300 mg orally for complement when VAS>6. VAS at 0, 2, 4, 6, 12, 18, 72 h after the surgery, 4-point verbal rating scale at 18 and 72 h after the surgery were assessed. Side effects, complications, the time and dosage of ibuprofen were noted.

Results
The VAS in group B, C, D, E were significantly lower than that in group A at 4, 6, 12, 18, 72 h after the surgery (P<0.01) . VAS in group C and E were much lower than that in group B and D for postoperative analgesia at 72 h after the surgery. The satisfaction rate in group B, C, D, E was significantly higher than that in group A (P<0.01) , without significantly different between group B, C, D, E at 18 h after the surgery. The satisfaction rate in group C and E was higher than that in group B and D at 72 h after the surgery. Thirty-six of forty patients in group A needed ibuprofen, which was significantly higher than that in group B, C, D, E. There was no significant difference for drug side effects and complications between five groups.

Conclusion
Intravenous ketorolac tromethamine is a safe and effective method for postoperative analgesia in outpatients undergoing anorectal surgery, in which 60 mg is better.

Key words:
Ketorolac tromethamine; Ambulatory surgical procedures; Outpatient surgery; Analgesia


• Cyberbullying is a stressful event which can lead to a variety of consequences that may range from short-term distress to long-term harm (Beran & Li, 2005; Campfield, 2006; Price & Dalgleish, 2010; Sourander et al., 2010; Dehue, Bolman & Vollink, 2008; Slonje & Smith, 2008). Being exposed to such stressful situations requires the engagement of coping strategies which reduce the level of stress and prevent a repetition of the stressful event (Riebel, Jager, & Fischer, 2009; Price & Dalgleish, 2010). • To date, several dimensions of coping strategies were identified in the research of cyberbullying (Tenenbaum, Varjas, Meyers & Parris , 2011; Parris, Varjas, Meyers & Cutts, 2011; Price & Dalgleish, 2010; Sleglova & Cerna, 2011). For the purposes of this study, the strategies were characterized as technological coping, seeking support, reframing, retaliation, confronting the bully, avoidance, and dissociation. • Although research of coping strategies has lead to important findings regarding the frequencies of their use, much less is known about their effectiveness, especially from the point of view of the victims (Riebel, Jager & Fisher, 2009; Price & Dalgleish, 2010; Sleglova & Cerna, 2011). Thus, the present study aims to examine not only which coping strategies are used most frequently by the victims of cyberbullying, but also which strategies are assessed as most effective with respect to emotional help, and which actually helped the victim stop the bullying. The Effectiveness of Coping Strategies Used by Cyberbullying Victims


The article is inspired by the declared excessive optimism of the adherents of the Higher School of Economics about the successful passage of the crisis in modern Russia for the first time in the post-Soviet period, optimism that causes Cartesian doubts. If, for example, we consider the dynamics of the basic foundation – the Russian economy, then its growth potential, even according to official Rosstat data, was exhausted back in 2008, which caused a chronic decline in disposable income of the population. of course, we will support the optimists, Russia has been in a crisis since the beginning of the coronavirus pandemic in a more favorable position compared to countries with more deve- loped economies «due to» the deformed structure compared to the Soviet period of the national economy, its raw materials orientation. There are very few reasons for optimism, if we take into account the art of Rosstat, as servants of two «masters– - the government and the people, to underestimate the scale of the fall in the real sector of the economy, rising prices and, what is very important and alarming for households, inflation rates, especially food, according to national statistics, exceeding 20% year-on-year. Statistics, the authors believe, should be independent and therefore Rosstat should be reassigned to the State Duma. Neither is the direction in which Russia is moving, the direction indicated by teachers from the International Monetary Fund/ IMF/ and other global organizations, encouraging. For which the country deserves their generous praise. A number of conditions imposed on Russia and recommendations of the IMF are being considered, including a reduction in the number of Russian banks, inflation targe- ting, a flexible exchange rate and the so-called budget rule, a possible further increase in the retirement age, etc. The article analyzes the current socio-economic reality in Russia, adequately reflected in quantifiable macroeconomic, social and demographic indicators, significantly «undermined" by the coronavirus pandemic in 2020. The dynamics of the growth of prices and incomes of the population (who "ran faster" from 2013 to 2020 and why) are presented as the main arguments of the welfare function of the country's population. The underlying causes of the record price growth in Russia for socially significant food products are revealed and the main directions of not only their taming, but also their stabilization and even reduction are substantiated.


Loss of green space in our suburban environment is contributing to increased urban heat. The material properties of surface treatments or landscape elements (LEs) are a determining factor in the amount, timing, and type of radiation present in the local environment. Landscape designers can use this information to better design for urban heat management, as emitted and reflected radiation (radiosity) from LEs can affect pedestrians via heat stress and glare and affect energy usage in buildings and houses if the landscape sky view factor is low. Low-cost black painted iButton temperature sensors were successfully used as radiometers to concurrently measure the daytime radiosity from 19 LEs samples located on an oval in the warm temperate climate of Perth, (Australia). Normalisation against gloss white paint on polystyrene removed the effect of varying weather conditions. Each LE had the same normalised average radiosity (DRav) between seasons (within ±5%), meaning the relative radiosity of new LEs can be measured on any day. White and lighter coloured LEs had the highest DRav and would have the most detrimental effect on nearby objects. Plants and moist LEs had the least DRav and would be most beneficial for managing local daytime urban heat. Measuring relative radiosity with iButtons presents a new way to examine the effect of LEs on the urban environment.


We present a rest-UV selected sample of 32 lensed galaxies at 𝑧 ∼ 2 observed with joint Keck/LRIS rest-UV and Keck/MOSFIRE rest-optical spectra behind the clusters Abell 1689, MACS J0717, and MACS J1149. The sample pushes towards the faintest UV luminosities observed ( − 19 ≤ M UV ≤ − 17) at this redshift. The fraction of dwarf galaxies identified as Ly 𝛼 emitters (EW ≥ 20 ) is X LAE = 25 + 15 − 10 %. We use the Balmer lines and UV continuum to estimate the intrinsic EW allowing us to distinguish the effects of the ionizing spectra and escape fraction on the observed EW distribution. Fainter galaxies (M UV > − 19) show larger intrinsic EWs and escape fractions than brighter galaxies. Only galaxies with intrinsic EWs greater than 40 have escape fractions larger than 0.05. We find an anti-correlation between the escape fraction and A V as well as UV spectral slope. The volumetric escape fraction of our sample is 𝑓 Ly 𝛼 esc = 4 . 59 + 2 . 0 − 1 . 4 % in agreement with measurements found elsewhere in the literature. About half of the total integrated Ly 𝛼 luminosity density comes from galaxies with EW obs > 20 Å.


Abstract Approximately 30% of cancer patients suffer from psychological distress, and psychotherapy has been shown to be effective in alleviating it. Based on the 'Behavioral Model of Health Service Use', we investigated equity in the use of publicly subsidized psychotherapy in a cohort of Danish cancer patients. We present descriptive data on patients' use of psychotherapy and examine characteristics of those who used this service. Material and methods. The study population comprised 3646 participants in the prospective Diet, Cancer and Health cohort, diagnosed with a first cancer between 2003 and 2009, aged 56–80 years. Data on cancer diagnosis, psychotherapy use and comorbid conditions were obtained from registers, whereas data on demographics, social support and health status were obtained from questionnaires. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to identify factors related to use, which were subsequently evaluated with regard to equity. Results. Subsidized psychotherapy was used by 2.3% of the cancer patients. Longer education (> 10 years compared to < 8) was associated with greater likelihood of initiating psychotherapy [hazard ratio (HR), 1.97; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.06–3.65], as was previous psychotherapy use compared to no previous use (2.86; 1.32–6.20). Patients with partners who did not reliably provide emotional support were significantly more likely to use psychotherapy than those without a partner (2.36; 1.05–5.30), a difference not found for those with partners who did provide support. Further, a higher SF-36 mental component score (0.96; 0.94–0.98, per point increase), and older age were associated with less use (65–69 years: 0.43; 0.21–0.89, 70–74 years: 0.17, 0.07–0.41; > 74 years: 0.07, 0.01–0.57, compared to < 60 years). Conclusions. The results allow several possible interpretations. We found that mental health plays a role for accessing subsidized psychotherapy, suggesting that use of psychotherapy is predicted by need and thus characterized by equity. However, education and previous psychotherapy use also play a role, suggesting elements of inequity.


This article proposes a novel model-based synthetic data learning approach to suppress the multipath interference (MPI) in the amplitude-modulated continuous wave (AMCW) coaxial-scanning LiDAR. Previous works have focused on the MPI suppression in conventional AMCW time-of-flight (ToF) sensors with flash-type illumination sources based on the various MPI assumptions, whose MPI errors still remain in cm-scale. To achieve mm-scale MPI error suppression, this article proposes a novel learning-based MPI error suppression method implemented in a coaxial type AMCW scanning LiDAR in which the MPI phenomenon can be precisely modeled. Specifically, to model the MPI-generating mechanism in the AMCW coaxial-scanning LiDAR, a novel dedicated light transport model is designed at the simulation level. Using this precise MPI simulation model, the synthetic dataset reflecting the MPI mechanism in coaxial scanning LiDAR is generated and used for the training of the Bayesian-optimized eXtreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) ensemble. This trained XGBoost is then used for the MPI error suppression of the AMCW coaxial-scanning LiDAR. Experimental validation showed that the mean absolute error (MAE) of MPI error can be reduced to less than 2 mm by the proposed method. Such precise MPI suppression results are also maintained in real object scenes. Specifically, the MAE of MPI error in an object scene with a sharp corner is reduced to 2.8 mm, which is extremely low compared to previous works.


A new electron gun has been developed for large perfectly flat color monitor tubes by redesigning the DQ-DAF (double quadrupole-dynamic astigmatism and focus) electron gun. The new electron gun features a rectangular G 1-aperture, a newly developed main lens with a large effective diameter, and a new lens system using a static quadrupole lens immediately behind the main lens. The effect of the static quadrupole lens was investigated by analyzing the spot. It was found to reduce lens magnification in the horizontal direction and enlarged it in the vertical direction. As a result, spot distortion at the screen periphery was clearly reduced due to the smaller horizontal spot size. The dynamic voltage was also reduced.


Dangerous Children. Changes in the Nature of an Approach to Youth Criminality, 1960-1995.
Examines changes in the severity of youth crime and how juvenile judges and welfare workers have tried to control the behavior of delinquent juveniles in the Netherlands, drawing on 1960s-1990s file data on 206 adolescents and children in the Dordrecht district. It is found that both the number and the severity of crimes committed by children increased significantly, whereas external constraints by parents and juvenile justice workers decreased. A figuration-sociological perspective suggests that the transition toward more equal, negotiation-based, rather than command-based, power relations between adults and children requires a level of self-control and self-discipline that tends to be underdeveloped in children who grow up without adequate parental supervision. Further research is required regarding circumstances that are conducive to the development of insufficient self-control; gender- and ethnicity-related factors are also discussed. 61 References. Adapted from the source document.


The energetic electrons and ions generated by the interaction of an intense, ultrashort laser pulse with a finite scale-length dense plasma were investigated for various laser wavelengths using particle-in-cell simulation. The hot-electron temperature for the density scale-length L = 2.5 μm is not governed by the Iλ2-scaling laws, where I is the laser intensity and λ is the laser wavelength. The maximum energy of the energetic ions is not only proportional to the hot-electron temperature but depends on the electron density.


Aim. This study is an ethnomathematical study that aims to describe and interpret the philosophical value and geometrical patterns of the famous architecture and ornament of the Indonesian traditional Mosque.
Methods. This report subsequently used an ethnographic method, with data being obtained through observation, documentation, and Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Furthermore, the study subjects were a cultural practitioner and a group of educators, containing five primary school teachers in Central Java, Indonesia. Interviews, observation, and documentation were conducted during the research. The data was analysed qualitatively.
Results. First, from the data analysis, it was found that there are several philosophical values contained in the architecture and ornaments of a Javanese traditional mosque such as the relationship that must always exist between humans and God and fellow human beings, Islam, iman (faith), Ihsan (kindness), openness, honesty, obedience, and humility. The second indicates the relationship between the Javanese architecture and ornament of the Indonesian traditional Mosque and the geometrical patterns (the cuboid, and cylinder), symmetrical patterns, and geometry transformation (rotation) used as the source of learning and starting point to the mathematical learning process.
Conclusions. These results were specifically useful to primary school teachers when teaching geometry. Through culture as a context or starting point, the new mathematical learning resource was also used for geometric learning. In addition, the philosophical significance of these artifacts fostered an interest in the indigenous culture and good character values.


Currently, high spatial density/high resolution data bases of the deformation of structures are available using Computer Aided Holometry (CAH) for (1) static deformation, (2) periodic motion and (3) dynamic deformation at widely separated instances of time. However, many practical structures are nonlinear and there exists a need to measure how a surface moves as a function of time. This paper presents a high frame rate, shifted phase video holographic method for measuring surface motion as a function of time. The theory, hardware, simulation results and limitations are discussed.


Now a day's wireless sensor network is most important technology for transferring data through network with secure manner. Before transferring message from source node to destination node we can find out path consisting of connected links. To identify the routing from source node to destination node so many end to end routing protocols are existing in the world. In this paper we are implementing a novel design secure end to end routing protocol for transfer data with securely. Before performing data transformation process we can implement two more fundamental concepts are user authentication and key establishment. The user authentication process enables for identify users by group key manager. After completion of authentication process the group key manager will generate polynomial equation for establishing secret session key and shared that key to all communication entities. Such that all communication entities will exchange information can be protected using this secret key. Before transferring data to destination node the source will send ids to group key manager. The group key manager will find routing from source node to destination node, using that path data will be transferred to destination node. Before transferring message the source node will encrypt the message and send to destination node. By performing data encryption and decryption process we are using cryptography technique. So that by implementing those concepts we can improve efficiency of network and also provide more security of transferred message.


Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) has two forms in the avian, xanthine dehydrogenase (XD) and xanthine oxidase (XO). The purpose of these studies was to determine the effects of allopurinol and inosine on plasma uric acid and enzyme activity. In the first study, Cobb × Cobb (n=25; 7 weeks old) broilers were assigned to five treatments (n=5). Treatments included: Group 1 (control, no allopurinol), Group 2 (allopurinol addition), Group 3(allopurinol and osmotic pump), Group 4 (allopurinol, dietary uric acid addition), and Group 5 (allopurinol, uric acid injection). PUA was measured before the addition of allopurinol and weekly after the onset of the 3 week study. Total XO+XD in the liver was significantly higher (p=0.012) in group1 as compared to group 3 birds. Birds in group 2, group 4, and group 5 had significantly lower (p≤ 0.001) uric acid concentrations in the liver. In the second study, Cobb × Cobb (n=15; 5 weeks old) were separated into three treatments (n=5); control (CON), INO (inosine at 161g/kg feed), or INOAL ( inosine and allopurinol 50mg/kgBW). There was a significant increase (p=0.005) in total enzyme activity of the liver in the INO birds. INOAL birds had a significantly lower (p=0.005) uric acid concentration in the liver. The reduced uric acid concentration in the liver suggests that there is a residual effect of allopurinol, which potentially results in lowered antioxidant activity in this tissue.


Two 2 × 4 factorial experiments each involved 8 litters of 8 pigs, one pig from each litter being allocated to each treatment. Diets containing supplements of a commercial grade of copper sulphate were compared with others containing Analar (Experiment 1) or micro-analytical reagent grade copper sulphate (Experiment 2). Four levels of each of two grades of CuSO 4 .5H 2 O, providing 16, 62, 125 or 250 p.p.m. Cu in the diets, were given in each experiment. The pigs were put on experiment at 8—9 weeks of age and most were slaughtered as their individual weights reached about 200 lb. The exceptions were 4 litters in Experiment 1 which were taken off experiment at that weight but not slaughtered. The pigs were fed in individual compartments, meal allowances being determined from a fixed scale based on live-weight. Purity of copper sulphate did not affect growth rate, feed conversion efficiency or carcass measurements in either experiment. Response to level of copper sulphate between about 45 and 100 lb. liveweight differed somewhat between experiments. In Experiment 1 pigs receiving 125 or 250 p.p.m. in the diet grew 4 or 9% faster and had better feed conversion efficiencies than those receiving 16 or 62 p.p.m. Cu. In Experiment 2, pigs receiving 62, 125 or 250 p.p.m. Cu all grew about 4–5% faster and had 1–5 % better feed conversion efficiencies than those receiving 16 p.p.m. Cu, but the effect on feed conversion efficiency was not statistically significant. Increase in copper sulphate above the trace level supplying 16 p.p.m. Cu in the diet had no effect on growth rate or feed conversion efficiency between 100 and 202 lb. live-weight or on killing-out percentage or carcass measurements. Comparison of the results with those from a previous experiment showed that in pigs fed according to a fixed scale the greatest consistent increases in growth rate and feed conversion efficiency have occurred with copper sulphate as 0·1% of the diet, giving 250 p.p.m. Cu. This supplement has only improved performance between 100 and 200 lb. live-weight in one experiment out of five.


With the electronic book a rapidly growing alternative to the traditional book in reading programs, there is an increasing need for classroom-based tools that support e-book selection for use in literacy instruction. This study continues the technical development of an e-book quality-rating tool (EQRT) for teachers, testing its technical adequacy and usability with primary grade teachers. This investigation focused on (1) the reliability of the EQRT on a sample of e-books rated by primary grade teachers, (2) the types of e-books primary grade level teachers select for use in the classroom, and (3) the quality ratings of e-books by primary grade level teachers. Results indicated strong reliability of the tool when teachers were provided access and instruction and a preference towards informational text e-book titles.


A strong polarization of the residual nucleus along an axis perpendicular to the reaction plane was found in the ..cap alpha.. transfer reaction /sup 16/O(/sup 16/O, /sup 12/C)/sup 20/Ne at 68 MeV. The polarization remains constant for a wide span of /sup 12/C angles. 7 references.


Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis and a leading cause of chronic disability, in large part due to lower extremity involvement. The knee is one of the most common joints involved in OA. The prevalence of symptomatic knee OA (KOA) is reported to be as high as 16% in the elderly population [1,2]. Notwithstanding that the diagnosis of KOA is based on symptoms and clinical findings, most cases require the assessment of structural damage through an imaging technique [3]. As in other joints, conventional radiography (CR), hitherto the primary imaging tool in OA, shows late and indirect findings related to joint damage; what's more, it has been long recognized that clinical symptoms do not correlate with CR changes in OA [4]. Joint space narrowing used in CR as a surrogate of cartilage thickness, probably reveals little about cartilage health in early stages of the disease. More to the point, cartilage is not the only anatomic structure involved in the disease: the capsule, ligaments, synovial membrane and bursae may show structural abnormalities that are invisible in CR. Thus, CR is far from an ideal assessment tool of disease status and outcome measure in OA [5]. Ultrasound (US), on the other hand, offers the possibility to depict different structures within the knee in their finest details, including the synovium, synovial f luid, menisci, joint capsule, cartilage and bone cortex [6]. This endows US with exciting possibilities in KOA, from outcome assessment and monitoring therapeutic response, to understanding pathogenesis and the role of inflammation. Notwithstanding this, there is still a long way to go. The recent systematic review in which Keen et al. analyzed the overall usefulness of US as an assessment tool in OA, arrived at two important conclusions [7]. First, the lack of accepted definitions of US pathology in OA results in considerable heterogeneity between studies and suboptimal quality regarding reports of the abnormal findings, their definitions and scoring. Also, data on validity of US as a tool for assessment in OA is scarce. This is particularly true in the structural assessment of bone and cartilage components of OA pathology. Box 1 shows the current indications, advantages and disadvantages of US as an assessment device in KOA. The main purpose of this special report is to provide updated information about the value and current place of US in the assessment of OA of the knee. To accomplish this, pertinent literature published in the last 5 years was reviewed.


Objective: American College of Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) recommends ongoing care of 10 patients per resident however its implication is unclear. We hypothesized EMR quality to vary based on patient load and call status. Methods: We conducted a double-blind, single-center, retrospective observational study between 2017 and 2019 to investigate the quality and accuracy of resident documentation using the Responsible Electronic Documentation (RED) Checklist, a validated scoring system. Results: A total of 234 independent charts were analyzed and 80 met scoring criteria. Average patients per residents was 4, 9.1, 7.2, and 5.5 on "call" day (D0), "post-call" day (D1), "mid-call" day (D2), and "pre-call" day (D3), respectively. Mean RED checklist scores were 68.1%, 57%, 68.6%, and 72.1% on the above call status. The difference in score between D3 and D1 was statistically significant (P = .00042). There was a negative correlation between score and number of patients per resident (r = −0.286, P = .010). Conclusion: EMR documentation quality is directly impacted by patient load and resident call status with the lowest documentation quality on post-call day, correlating with patient load.


Background: significance of facial and dental midline symmetries has been arch dentition. Aim: The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the extent of deviation of dental midline from the facial soft tissue midline and its association Materials and Methods: sample of 500 children of 12 noted. Impressions of both maxilla and mandibular arches were made in each subject and study cast were prepared. The following three points were marked on the face: bridge of the nose, base of the upper lip and chin to determine the facial midline. The de the vertical lines between the central incisors in the maxillary and mandibular arch. Results: population consisted of 500 subjects, for statistical convenience the group of the subjects were divided into three groups 12 was found to be statistically significant in 12 significance was found in 16 2mm should be considered as normal and an important objective in orthodontic treatment planning.


The problem of finding an optimal bipartition of a rectangle set has a direct impact on query performance of dynamic R-trees. During update operations, overflowed nodes need to be split (bipartitioned) with the goal of minimizing resultant expected query time. The previous algorithm for optimal node splitting requires exponential time. One contribution of this paper is a polynomial time algorithm for finding optimal bipartitions for any objective function whose value depends exclusively on the bounding hyper-rectangles of the ensuing partitions. The algorithm runs in O(nd) time where d > 1 is the number of dimensions of the input. Experimental studies indicate that the use of optimal splits alone results in improvements of query performance of only between 5% and 15% when compared to other heuristics. Thus, a second contribution is to demonstrate the near optimality of previous split heuristics, a fact that suggests that research should focus on global rather than local optimization issues. Finally, we propose a new dynamic R-tree insertion method that uses a more global restructuring heuristic when processing node overflows. When coupled with This work has been partially supported by the National Science Foundation under grant IRI-9610240 and by the Colorado Advanced Software Institute under grants m-96-05 and 'IT-9706. Permission to copy without fee all or part of this material is granted provided that the copies are not made or distributed for direct commercial advantage, the VLDB copyright notice and the title of the publication and its date appear, and notice is given that copying is by permission of the Very Large Data Base Endowment. To copy othemise, or to republish, requires a fee and/or special permission from the Endowment. Proceedings of the 24th VLDB Conference New York, USA, 1998 optimal splits our method results in improvements of up to 120% over the leading stan-


The present study investigated the effect of anterior and posterior hypothalamic lesions on lethal anaphylaxis in the rat. Three groups of animals—control, posterior hypothalamic lesioned, and ante...


Surface glow discharge in the abnormal mode of its burning at pressure 5 Torr is numerically studied at a voltage drop of ∼650 V between electrodes, located on plate surface at a distance of 2 cm. The drift-diffusion two-dimensional model of gas discharge plasma is used for the description of electrodynamic parameters of the discharge. It is shown that external transverse magnetic field of induction about 0.2 T occurs significant influence on the gas discharge plasma configuration, squeezing or expanding electric current channel between electrodes depending on the magnetic field polarization. Two-dimensional fields of electrodynamic functions, such as the volume concentrations of charged particles, electric potential and the force lines of electric field strength without and with external magnetic field are presented and analyzed.


In the design of millimeter wave voltage control oscillators (VCOs), it is fairly important to establish the relationship between load impedance looking outward from active device and the impedance of varactor diode, so that load impedance can be related to the variation of varactor diode's impedance due to changing its dc bias voltage. In this paper, self impedance of radial line transformer (RLT) mounted on Gunn device has been calculated with mode matching methods at first. Numerical results of self impedance with respect to various circuit parameters are presented. General rules concerning self impedance by virtue of various structural parameters of the VCO have been deduced. Furthermore, an equivalent two-port network is presented in terms of impedance matrix, which is constructed by self impedance embedded on Gunn device and mutual impedance of two RLTs which has been calculated previously. The equivalent two-port network, which describes the relationship between load impedance and impedance of the varactor diode, is useful for the design and testing of the millimeter wave varactor VCO with two in-line RLTs.


Can we assign attitudes to a computer based on its beeps? If so, which kinds of beeps are perceived as specific attitudes, such as "disagreement", "hesitation" or "agreement"? To examine this issue, I carried out an experiment to observe how participants perceive or assign an attitude to a computer according to beeps of different durations and F0 contour's slopes. The results revealed that 1) beeps with increasing intonation regardless of duration were perceived by participants as "disagreement", 2) flat sounds with longer duration were interpreted as "hesitation", and 3) decreasing intonations with shorter duration were as "agreement."


This paper analyses the international spill-overs of uncertainty shocks originating in the US. We estimate an open economy, structural factor-augmented vector autoregression (FAVAR) model that identifies US uncertainty shocks and estimates the impact of these uncertainty shocks on the US economy, major world economies and a small open economy, namely New Zealand. The data-rich nature of our model allows us to investigate different transmission channels from the US to the rest of the world. We find the confidence channels, measured by the expectations surveys, are particularly important in the transmission of the uncertainty shock to a small open economy.


Fire characteristics were analyzed in this paper,constructing methods of shelterbelts of biological fire control and fire suppression technique of eucalypt plantation were discussed.


Abstract : An experimental and analytical investigation has been made of the anomalous behavior of an electron beam in the presence of dielectrics. The configuration considered is an internal cavity, with electron beam anode on one end and a Faraday cup on the other. Experiments were performed for an empty cavity (vacuum case) and also with a thin dielectric sheet immediately adjacent to the cylinder wall. Variations include the type of dielectric and the use of a screen at the vacuum-dielectric interface. The experimental evidence is that, while transmitted current is very low for the empty cavity, the presence of dielectric causes considerable enhancement in transmission. This experiment was modelled analytically using MAD2, a 2-D SGEMP code, to determine the cause of this behavior. Low transmission for the vacuum case is shown due initially to beam spreading (coulomb repulsion) and at later stages to extreme space-charge limiting. It is also demonstrated that enhancement is not due to the electromagnetic effect of dielectric charging. Rather, creation of a plasma at the dielectric surface is hypothesized as the probable effect, with plasma electrons providing breakdown of the space-charge barrier, and positive ions providing charge neutralization and pinching of the beam. Detailed calculations using a simple plasma model give good agreement with experimental data. However, no physical mechanism for the plasma creation process is suggested.


A modified thickened flame (TF) model based on large eddy simulation (LES) methodology is used to investigate premixed combustion, and the model predictions are evaluated by comparing with the piloted premixed stoichiometric methane-air flame data for Reynolds numbers Re = 24,000 (flame F3) and Re = 52,000 (flame F1). The basic idea of the TF approach is that the flame front is artificially thickened to resolve on the computational LES grid while keeping the laminar flame speed ( ) constant. The artificially thickening of the flame front is obtained by enhancing the molecular diffusion and decreasing the pre-exponential factor of the Arrhenius law. Because the flame front is artificially thickened, the response of the thickened flame to turbulence is affected and taken care of by incorporating an efficiency function (E) in the governing equations. The efficiency function (E) in the modified TF model is proposed based on the direct numerical simulations (DNS) data set of flame-vortex interactions. The predicted simulation results are compared with the experimental data and with computations reported using a Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS)-based probability distribution function (PDF) modeling approach and RANS-based G-equation approach. It is shown that the results with the modified TF model are generally in good agreement with the data, with the TF predictions consistently comparable to the PDF model predictions and superior to the results with the G-equation approach.


A device that enables acceleration scan time without compromising security, program products, and methods to provide. A computer system includes any file or security subsystem that can reliably keep track of storage has changed in the last virus scan after the storage device. In that case, it is possible to use reliable information to accelerate the scanning related undesirable code or data, as well as disabled or impaired registry items such as viruses. In the case of virus, file or storage area has been changed, it is scanned against the super set of virus definitions. No files or storage of modifications are scanned against a subset of virus definition. .FIELD 1


T‐cell activation is associated with an adverse outcome in COVID‐19, but whether T‐cell activation and exhaustion relate to persistent respiratory dysfunction and death is unknown.


The Event-B method, and supporting tools have been developed during the DEPLOY project. A number of the industrial partners, are interested in the formal development of multi-tasking, embedded control systems. During the project, work has been undertaken to investigate automatic generation, from Event-B models, for these type of systems. Initially, we chose to translate to the Ada programming language, and use it as a basis for the abstractions used in our approach. The first version of the code generator supported translation to Ada, and the current version also has limited support for C. We released a new version of the code generator on 14-12-2011. The presentation will give details of the the enhancements that have been made. We have made changes to the methodology, user interface, and tooling. The code generators have been completely re-written. The translators are now implemented using Java only. In our previous work we attempted to make use of the latest model-to-model transformation technology, available in the Epsilon tool set, but we decided to revert to Java since Epsilon lacked the debugging and productivity features of the Eclipse Java editor. We have also updated the documentation, including the Tasking Event-B Overview, and Tutorial materials. We described our previous code generation feature as a demonstrator tool; chiefly a tool designed as a proof of concept, used by us to validate the approach. In this sense, the tool as it stands now, is the first prototype intended to be used by developers. However, we can use the demonstrator as a baseline, and describe the new features as follows:


This paper is to explore the similar and different syntactic linear patterns and thought modals among English, Chinese and the Shui language, discussing this topic from microscopic, giving a much detailed contrast and comparison on microscopic English, Chinese and the Shui language syntactic.


District wise picture with regard to changes in available sulphur over a cycle of ten years in the soils of Saurashtra region of Gujarat was studied by collecting 169 surface soil samples (0-15 cm) from tagged cultivated farmer's field during the year 1990 and 2000. All the district in the year 1990 exhibited high levels of available S but after a span of 10 years different districts registered depletion of available S. Overall, the available S status was declined from 24.4 to 14.5 ppm in soils of Saurashtra region during a span of 10 years. See end of the article for authors' affiliations


In order to study the mechanism of squeal of water lubrication stern tube rubber bearing,the experiment has been carried out to study the mechanism of squeal of water lubrication stern tube rubber bearing.Combined with the friction property of water lubrication stern tube rubber bearing the rustle is analyzed.The result shows that the appearance of the squeal depends on the contact area between bearing and journal and negative slope of the friction-speed curve of the rubber bearing.


Loss of Crew (LOC) and Loss of Mission (LOM) are two key requirements the Constellation Program (CxP) measure against. To date, one of the top risk drivers for both LOC and LOM has been Orion's Crew Exploration Vehicle (CEV) Parachute Assembly System (CPAS). Even though the Orion CPAS is one of the top risk drivers of CxP, it has been very difficult to obtain any relevant data to accurately quantify the risk. At first glance, it would seem that a parachute system would be very reliable given the track record of Apollo and Soyuz. Given the success of those two programs, the amount of data is considered to be statistically insignificant. However, due to CxP having LOC/LOM as key design requirements, it was necessary for Orion to generate a valid prior to begin the Risk Informed Design process. To do so, the Safety & Mission Assurance (S&MA) Space Shuttle & Exploration Analysis Section generated an initial failure probability for Orion to use in preparation for the Orion Systems Requirements Review (SRR).


A series of 3,7-bis(9,9-di-n-hexylfluoren-2-yl)-N-aryl- phenothiazine-S,S-dioxide trimers and (9,9-di-n-octylfluorene- 2,7-diyl-co-N-arylphenothiazine-S,S-dioxide) co-polymers, with varying ratios of phenothiazine-S,S-dioxide units, have been prepared in good yields by palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions. The materials are deep blue emitters and show no solvatochromism or evidence for an intramolecular charge- transfer state. The photoluminescence quantum yields of the trimers are UPL 15-30% in solution and 14-25% in films. The polymers demonstrated very high values in solution (UPL 74- 84%) and UPL values in films of 28-47%. The estimated HOMO energy levels are between � 5.64 and � 5.62 eV for the poly- mers with 15% incorporation of the phenothiazine-S,S-dioxide units. An analogous N-arylphenothiazine co-polymer shows significantly red shifted absorption and emission. Solution electrochemical data and density functional theory calculations are also presented. V C 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 49: 1129-1137, 2011


Background: A wide range of techniques has been developed over the past decades to characterize amyloid-β (Aβ) pathology in mice. Until now, no method has been established to quantify spatial changes in Aβ plaque deposition due to targeted delivery of substances using ALZET® pumps. Objective: Development of a methodology to quantify the local distribution of Aβ plaques after intracerebral infusion of compounds. Methods: We have developed a toolbox to quantify Aβ plaques in relation to intracerebral injection channels using Zeiss AxioVision® and Microsoft Excel® software. For the proof of concept, intracerebral stereotactic surgery was performed in 50-day-old APP-transgenic mice injected with PBS. At the age of 100 days, brains were collected for immunhistological analysis. Results: The toolbox can be used to analyze and evaluate Aβ plaques (number, size, and coverage) in specific brain areas based on their location relative to the point of the injection or the injection channel. The tool provides classification of Aβ plaques in pre-defined distance groups using two different approaches. Conclusion: This new analytic toolbox facilitates the analysis of long-term continuous intracerebral experimental compound infusions using ALZET® pumps. This method generates reliable data for Aβ deposition characterization in relation to the distribution of experimental compounds.


Using data on a student group project in which groups are exogenously formed, we examine the potential productivity gains from employing work-teams which are diverse in terms of gender, nationality and ability. We find no significant effect of diversity on overall team performance, except when the team members are from different socio-cultural backgrounds. More importantly, we find that students who have worked in more diverse teams experience a subsequent improvement in individual productivity. These individual productivity gains hold for both domestic and foreign students, and for students of different levels of ability. Our results suggest a mechanism by which diversity enhances individual and collective performance.


This study presents a fast orthogonal search (FOS) method for modeling fMRI time series. Based on the system identification theory, an orthogonalization procedure to model the fMRI time series is described. FOS method does not require equally space data, and can resolve sinusoidal frequencies much more closely than Fourier transform method. After the time series are modeled by means of the FOS, F-test is employed to detect the activation regions. Eight volunteers' data were collected to validate the proposed method. The results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method.


The purpose of this study is to establish the database that could be applied to the building LCA Firstly, in this paper, the methodologies of building LCA and energy based I/O model for estimating embodied energy of building materials were examined Then, the intensity of energy consumption and CO₂ emission for building materials and construction stage were estimated
The intensity database for building materials calculated by the I/O table published in 2000 was compared with the database by the I/O table published in 1995 According to the result of comparison, there were a little differences between the results calculated by the new and the previous data, and two results showed nearly the same patterns So, it could be said that the industrial activity change has little effect on the energy intensity of building materials during the past 5 years For the calculation of the energy intensity in the construction stages, the payment documents of an ad and electricity consumptions during construction for the sample buildings were surveyed and the intensity per a building gross area were calculated
The database presented in this paper could be applied to the building LCA process as the basic data for analysing global worming effect caused by building construction


The article substantiates the relevance of the problem of developing the social competence of junior. The most recent scientific psychological and pedagogical research on the problem is analysed. The etymology of the concept of «competence» and «social competence» is clarified. Different approaches to the interpretation of the definition of the components of the concept of "social competence" are revealed. The structural analysis of social competence is carried out and its components are defined. The signs of socially competent junior schoolchildren are determined. The levels of formation of social competence of primary school students (cognitive, motivational, pragmatic) are analyzed and the main characteristics of each of them are analyzed. It was found that the primary school age is a period that is considered sensitive for the formation of social competence, as its important feature is the change of social position of the child, when it expands and deepens the system of relations with the surrounding reality. The article considers the issue of formation of social competence of junior schoolchildren. It is established that the formation of social competence occurs in the process of socially significant activities, in particular, during the educational process at school. The role of modern primary school in the development of a child's personality is justified. The article presents the results of diagnosing the levels of social competence of junior schoolchildren. In particular, it was found that the majority of the surveyed primary school students have an middle level of social competence. According to the results of the research, the main types and forms of work on the formation of social competence of junior schoolchildren in the educational process are formulated. The prospects of further research on the problem raised in the article are formulated.


Petroleum refining is the separation, and upgrading, of components of petroleum crude. In the upgrading of resid, now as in the early days of petroleum, characterization techniques are critical. Unlike with distillate fractions, for which routine analyses as gas chromatography (GC), mass spectrometry (MS), and liquid-phase nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) are available, the resid fraction is not highly volatile nor necessarily fully soluble in typical organic solvents. Furthermore, the molecules in resid are large (molecular weights by vapor pressure osmometry ca. 300-1000), typically containing not only hydrogen and carbon but also nitrogen, sulfur,f and oxygen. To deal with this complex nature, there has been much comparison of resid to better defined, but much smaller, molecules. They will discuss issues relevant to this comparison, using reductive chemistry with potassium metal as a probe of both model compounds and resid. Their emphasis here will be on sulfur chemistry, and they discuss pertinent literature in the next section.


ABSTRACT Background: To analyse the presentation of ocular firecracker injuries during a festival celebration in five consecutive years. Methods: We retrospectively analysed 541 patients with cracker injuries who presented to a tertiary eye care hospital during the fortnight of Deepavali for five consecutive years. The parameters studied were the age and sex, environmental factors, type of firework, eye involved and whether the involved person was a passer-by or actively involved. Results: Children up to 15 years, males and bystanders were seen to be affected more frequently. The most common firework involved was the flower pots. Conclusions: Fire cracker related ocular injuries are an important public health problem in India where celebrations are not complete without lighting crackers. This study brings to light the importance of safety measures and emphasises the need for restrictive firework legislation which has proved to reduce such injuries in countries across the world.


Recently, an internal mode converter system has been installed in a 1.5 MW, 110 GHz gyrotron at MIT. We achieved an output power of 1.5 MW, corresponding to an efficiency of 37 % at a beam voltage of 96.6 kV and a beam current of 42 A. A Gaussian output beam was measured and the beam waist was determined. The depressed collector has been also setup. With a depressed collector, the efficiency was 50 % at an output power of 1.5 MW with a depressed voltage of 25 kV


In vivo experiments in zebrafish determine that CNS-derived glial cells contribute to the myelinating population of cells in the PNS and ensure that CNS and PNS glia remain segregated.


Dynamic soaring is an emerging flight range-extension technology that effectively reduces UAV's energy consumption by deriving wind energy from lateral gradient wind fields. Comparing with the small UAV's near the surface, the application of dynamic soaring technology in the high-altitude long-endurance flight requires the additional consideration of the influence of sustained side wind, the influence of the sideslip angle cannot be ignored. This puts higher requirements on the flight dynamics model. In this paper, the dynamic model for the high-altitude dynamic soaring based on the six-degree-of-freedom equation is modeled to replace the traditional mass point model; the energy change principle of the high-altitude dynamic gliding is derived; the effect of the high-altitude wind field on the dynamic soaring UAV is analyzed; and the way to get optimal wind field energy acquisition and energy saving efficiency are analyzed. The results show that the dynamics model based on the six-degree-of-freedom equation can more realistically reflect at high altitude; the application of dynamic soaring can effectively improve the range of the high-altitude UAV; the wind direction at high-altitude wind field has a significant effect on the dynamic soaring efficiency.