One of the National Collegiate Honors Council's Basic Characteristics of an Honors Program is that "the program serves as a laboratory within which faculty feel welcome to experiment with new subjects, approaches, and pedagogies. When proven successful, such efforts in curriculum and pedagogical development can serve as prototypes for initiatives that can become institutionalized across the campus." Four faculty members from the departments of nursing and respiratory therapy at Midwestern State University, a public liberal arts university in Wichita Falls, designed and taught a hybrid honors course called Death--Planning for the Inevitable. This course, which combined traditional in-class and online instruction, might pave the way for determining how honors education can evolve to accommodate the needs of not just honors students but the wider campus context and beyond. Death--Planning for the Inevitable (from here on called simply Death) was a three-credit-hour, semester-long course that met for two hours each week in a traditional classroom setting, with the other hour spent on an online component using Blackboard, the university's program for distance education. The MSU College of Health Sciences and Human Services has an extensive program of online coursework and confers degrees on a number of students who rarely, if ever, set foot on campus. Each of the instructors has experience in teaching online courses, and one of the four instructors had previous experience teaching honors classes. This combination of experiences made it reasonable to investigate the direction of online honors instruction. The following study presents background on the merits of online education in honors, including hybrid courses, followed by an exploration of the perceptions of honors students and faculty who participated in the honors hybrid course. We believe this method of teaching successfully enhanced the honors experience and that the hybrid method may be useful in other honors programs as well. THE GROWTH OF ONLINE EDUCATION Traditionally, one assumes that learning is to take place in a classroom or other face-to-face environment where the instructor and students are physically together. However, not all students learn the same way; therefore, the traditional approach is not ideal for all students (Young). The use of the Internet and network technologies to provide a means of communication to learners, regardless of their location, challenges the view that learning requires a face-to-face environment (Stacey, Smith, & Barty). Advances in technology expand the range of educational possibilities and contribute to an increased interest in online education; this results in a growing number of courses being supplemented or completely delivered through distance education (Garrison, Anderson, & Archer). Allen, Seaman, and Garrett reported in a major 2004 study of more than 2,500 colleges and universities in the United States, that 55% of public higher education institutions offered at least one online or hybrid course. That percentage is likely to have increased dramatically over the past seven years and will continue to rise as technology advances. Honors programs and colleges should explore these methods of teaching in order to remain relevant in a connected world. One factor that contributes to the widespread growth of online education is the potential to facilitate learning. online learning may enable constructivist learning strategies such as self-directed, collaborative, and active learning. Gonzales and Sujo de Montes concluded that key themes of online learning include collaboration, student-centered learning, exploration, shared knowledge, community, and authenticity. These types of learning strategies may occur by allowing students increased time and flexibility for student-to-student interaction, as well as student-to-teacher interaction, by expanding the range of resources available. Students also have increased responsibility for their own learning, and an online component allows for the production of an individualized environment to suit students' different needs and learning styles (Ayala; Garrison; Jonassen et al. …


The infrared and Raman spectra of thiocarbohydrazide and deuterated thiocarbohydrazide have been measured between 4000 and 30 cm−1. The force constant calculations for both the molecules have been carried out for in-plane as well as out-of-plane modes. The normal coordinate treatment has also been carried out for the in-plane vibrations of selenocarbohydrazide. Vibrational assignments have been discussed by referring to characteristic group frequencies of related molecules and force constant calculations.


Stroke imaging and intervention are advancing at a dramatic and welcome pace. Triage of acute stroke patients and choice of treatment are increasingly driven by advanced imaging findings. The fresh perspective of new imaging techniques like fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) and diffusion-


Ternary system of Morin-Al(Ⅲ)-Nucleic acids was studied by spectrophotometry.At pH 3.25 Britton-Robinson medium,morin has the absorption peaks at 250,300 and 350*!nm.When Al+{3+} was added,the absorption of morin at 350*!nm decreased and a new absorption peak at 419*!nm appeared.Adding of nucleic acids to the morin-Al(Ⅲ) binary system leads to decrease of the absorption at 350*!nm and great increase at 419*!nm.There is an isochromatic point at 370*!nm.The increase of absorbance at 419*!nm is proportional to the amount of nucleic acids added within certain concentration range.Based on this,a new sensitive nucleic acids analysis method is established.The linear ranges of ct DNA,fs DNA and y RNA are 0.71~35.4,0.64~25.6 and 0.94~28.4*!μg/mL,respectively.


Wavenumber-frequency spectra are obtained by performing a two-dimensional Fourier transform of range-time normalized radar cross-section (NRCS) or Doppler velocity maps. In such diagrams, some energy is present at low space-time frequencies, resulting from the nonlinear behavior of the measured quantity related to the sea surface geometry. This feature is called the group line, since for a narrow-band wave packet the energy is concentrated along a straight line with group velocity as slope. Which physical nonlinear process generates the group line remains an open question. Breaking waves have been proposed as the most probable contributor. However, numerical simulations from weakly nonlinear surfaces without breaking events and experiments performed at low winds also provide such feature. In a companion paper, a theoretical and numerical analysis has permitted to predict the energy distribution of the group line depending on the kind of nonlinearity. It provides some means to characterize a group line in a rigorous way. In this paper, it is used to analyze the group lines derived from the experimental MARLENE data. The group lines computed from the backscattering amplitude behave as the one of the square of sea surface slopes. The analysis of the Doppler velocities provides similar results, which significantly differ from what is expected if breaking waves are the main contributors and do break at velocities reported in the literature. Our results suggest that the group line mainly reflects the asymptotic behavior of the scattering amplitude at grazing incidence, of which the leading nonlinear term is proportional to the square of surface slope.


The Mobile Emergency Care Service (SAMU), a mobile pre-hospital component, aims to comfort the patient in urgent or emergency situations. In December 2019, researchers isolated a new type of coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) that causes COVID-19. In 2020, attention was focused on the development of stages of scientific studies with vaccine candidates against the virus. In January 2021, the emergency use of the vaccine was authorized in the country. Research indicates an encouraging immunizing potential, especially in the prevention of serious clinical conditions. The objective of the research was to establish the influence of vaccination against COVID-19 on the profile of pre-hospital SAMU care in cities in the Northeast. This is a cross-sectional observational analytical study. Samples from secondary data from SAMU daily occurrence reports in the years 2020 and 2021 were analyzed. Of the 819,635 calls analyzed, about half were registered in 2021 and the calls related to COVID-19 added up to 12.5% of the total number of victims met. For the years studied, the Maceió service recorded a reduction in the number of incoming calls, unlike Recife; both services had a reduction in the number of medical orientations. It is concluded that the pandemic changed the profile of services provided by SAMU and that vaccination, in Maceió, reduced the number of monthly calls, the number of calls and the number of calls with respiratory complaints. In this way, immunization appears as a pillar for the prevention of serious clinical conditions and less need for emergency services.


The Bistatic KRAKEN Reverberation (BiKR) model is an active system performance prediction model for bistatic source/receiver geometries based on adiabatic normal mode propagation [W. A. Kuperman, M. B. Porter, J. S. Perkins, and R. B. Evans, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 89, 125–133 (1991)]. By exploiting ray‐mode analogies, it can provide detailed predictions of reverberation, target echo, and signal excess for low‐frequency (<1 kHz) multistatic systems in range‐dependent environments. This paper presents an overview of the models underlying principles and analysis capabilities such as the estimation of signal spreading loss. Data/model comparisons that required the inclusion of losses due to shear will be presented for a recent sea test on the Heceta Bank off the Oregon coast. [Research sponsored by ONR.]


BackgroundShingles, also known as herpes zoster, is a viral infection caused by the varicella zoster virus. The classic feature is a painful dermatomal rash. Although the disease is often self-limiting, complications such as postherpetic neuralgia can cause long-lasting morbidity. Patients who are immunosuppressed are more susceptible to developing shingles, and disease may be more severe. The purpose of this paper is to systematically review the evidence for prophylactic use of the shingles vaccine prior to initiating biological therapy.
Objectives To evaluate the evidence for shingles vaccine prophylaxis prior to initiating biologics therapy.
Methods We performed a comprehensive Boolean search of PubMed and EMBASE for the following terms: prophylaxis, prior, shingles vaccine, varicella zoster, infliximab, biological therapy, guidelines. Eligible studies met the following criteria: published in English, published since 2000, any shingles vaccine type and dose, vaccine monotherapy, autoimmune disease biological therapy. There was no specific target for gender, age or population. Randomised controlled trials, meta analyses and systematic reviews were included. Studies were excluded based on the following criteria: duplicate studies, non-English language papers, papers not addressing autoimmune disease therapy, clinical trials and cohort studies.
Results 32 studies met the search criteria, of which 8 were selected for the literature review. All studies had generally differing conclusions as to whether shingles vaccination in autoimmune patients undertaking biologic therapy was safe and effective.
Conclusions Patients with autoimmune disease should be considered for the herpes zoster vaccine prior to initiating biological therapy, though the specifics of vaccination administration is unclear. Our findings support the use of the live attenuated vaccine, Zostavax or the non-live vaccine, Shingrix. However, further research is required to evaluate specific autoimmune conditions and specific biological agents with a view to the formulation of national clinical guidelines on the use of the herpes zoster vaccine in the immunocompromised.


The bacterial parasite, Pasteuria penetrans (ex Thorne) Sayre & Starr was tested as seed treatment against Meloidogyne javanica (Treub) Chitwood in okra-cowpea-chickpea sequence. In the first crop of okra, yield increase was not significant, but 21 per cent of the juvenile population at the end of the crop carried bacterial infection to the second crop. Yield differences became evident from the second crop of cowpea, which also left 46.5 per cent less juvenile population and the incidence of bacterium increased to 29 per cent. In the third crop of chickpea, besides 52.6 per cent increase in yield, a population reduction of 57.7 per cent was recorded, 50 per cent of which carried bacterial infection.


Monopolar radiofrequency energy, fractional resurfacing and plasma skin resurfacing have all been demonstrated to be effective for the treatment of eyelid skin. Each approach has strengths and weaknesses. One expert discusses maximizing outcomes by matching the device or treatment to the patient's individual needs, and fully understanding the limits of each modality.


This article discusses the conversion of coal to a liquid or gas as an alternative to oil and natural gas which have been declining in supply. Gas from coal is a reliable and economical energy alternative for much of the industrial sector. Fixed bed gasifiers are discussed and the Wellman Thermal Systems Fixed Bed Two-Stage Gasifier is shown. Fixed bed gasifiers are an industrial class of gasifiers capable of producing gas and fuel oils from a wide variety of feedstocks.


Interhemispheric approach is a common route for aneurysmal surgery, such as anterior communicating (A-com) artery and distal anterior cerebral artery (ACA) . There have been some attempts to preserve the bridging vein by mobilization or special dissection technique. Until now, there has been no intraoperative system for monitoring the venous blood flow. In the present study, we used microvascular Doppler sonography for venous blood flow velocity monitoring. Eleven cases of A-com aneurysm or distal ACA aneurysm were investigated in this study. Measurement of the venous blood flow velocity was performed at the following three different steps during the operation: before using the brain retractor (A), during brain retraction with the retractor (B), and after the operation (C) . We used two different techniques to dissect the bridging vein according to the severity of adhesion between the dura and the bridging vein. In 6 cases, the bridging vein was dissected free along the whole length between the cortex and superior sagittal sinus (SSS group) . In 5 cases, the vein was not dissected from the dura intentionally for a length of about 10 to 15 mm at its superior sagittal sinus side (dura group) .There was a strong tendency for decrease in the, venous blood flow velocity during brain retraction in the SSS group. The blood flow velocity was well preserved in the dura group. Two out of 6 cases in the SSS group showed venous occlusion on postoperative angiography and they developed transient or permanent neurological deficit.Our study revealed the importance of monitoring the venous blood flow velocity to minimize postoperative complications due to venous circulation disturbance.


The First Law of Geography states "Everything is related to everything else, but near things are more related than distant things". This spatial significance has implications in various applications, trend detection being one of them. In this paper we propose a new algorithmic tool, GeoScope, to detect geo-trends. GeoScope is a data streams solution that detects correlations between topics and locations in a sliding window, in addition to analyzing topics and locations independently. GeoScope offers theoretical guarantees for detecting all trending correlated pairs while requiring only sub-linear space and running time. We perform various human validation tasks to demonstrate the value of GeoScope. The results show that human judges prefer GeoScope to the best performing baseline solution 4:1 in terms of the geographical significance of the presented information. As the Twitter analysis demonstrates, GeoScope successfully filters out topics without geo-intent and detects various local interests such as emergency events, political demonstrations or cultural events. Experiments on Twitter show that GeoScope has perfect recall and near-perfect precision.


Purpose – This paper aims to point out the vital role an effective regulatory regime can play in any sector of a nation's economy.Design/methodology/approach – The paper uses the regulatory mandate of the Nigerian Copyright Commission on the Nigerian copyright‐based industries as an example.Findings – The paper underscores the vital role of an effective regulatory regime in facilitating the growth, development and crisis prevention in any sector of a nation's economy.Originality/value – The paper advocates an adoption of an effective regulatory regime to prevent a reoccurrence of the global financial crisis.


The advocates of greater taxation of bare-land values have often contended that speculation in land is a serious injury to the community. It causes economic waste, they say, by compelling the walking and riding of longer distances, past vacant lots, and by requiring a greater extent of water mains, gas and sewer pipes, telephone wires, etc. than would otherwise be necessary. It decreases productive efficiency, they contend, and so lowers wages by forcing the use of inferior land when better land would otherwise be available, and, through restricting the amount of land in use, by compelling a more intensive utilization of land than would otherwise be economical. Increased taxation of bareland values, they maintain, would discourage speculative holding of land and would do so in rough proportion to the increase in the tax rate. That there is some land held out of use by persons speculatively inclined everyone knows. Many of the speculators probably do not consider themselves such. They are willing to sell for a "reasonable" price. Some of them want only what the lots they own have "cost" them, including in cost the accumulated taxes and interest on the original price paid. (Since, at 5 per cent interest, compounded, a sum doubles in value approximately every fourteen years, a lot purchased for $i ,ooo and held out of use for ninety-eight years should sell for approximately $I28,000, not allowing taxes, in order to repay to the owning family what the land has "cost" them. This might seem a bit hard on the person wanting to buy the land, and the income to the owning family might not seem to have been paid for by any equivalent service rendered. But all that is aside from our present point.) There appears, however, to be some dissent, among professional economists, from the view that any considerable amount


This article provides highlights of the 9th World Congress on Intelligent Transport Systems, which was held in Chicago in October 2002. ITS International also published the daily news for the event. Refer to PATH Database record 26624 for the CD ROM containing the papers presented at the conference


The binding properties of 72 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) submitted to the Third International IASLC Workshop on Lung Tumor and Differentiation Antigens to Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule (NCAM) were evaluated using the BIAcore analytical system and classical immunoassay techniques: MAbs ITK2, rnl‐1, MB‐2, SEN36 and 735 were found to bind to the extracellular part of NCAM.


The present invention is directed to novel polypeptides of GLM-R polypeptides and variants thereof, and nucleic acid molecules that encode those polypeptides. In the present invention, vectors and host cells having these nucleic acid sequences, chimeric polypeptide molecules having the polypeptides of the present invention fused to heterologous polypeptide sequences, antibodies that bind to the polypeptides of the present invention, and polypeptides of the present invention Is also provided. Also provided are methods for detecting agents that modulate the activity of GLM-R. Furthermore, a method for diagnosing and treating diseases characterized by excessive or insufficient monocytes or macrophages is provided.


: A survey was made to determine the status of formal education in wildland hydrology by colleges and universities in the United States, Canada, and Mexico. As of December 1977 nine institutions offered the B.S. degree, 18 the M.S. degree, and 17 the degree of Ph.D. with a major or minor in watershed management, forest hydrology, or range hydrology. In addition, 8 other schools offer a minor in watershed management. The survey indicated 44 schools in the United States offer a total of 157 courses, five schools in Canada offer 24 courses, and 1 in Mexico offers one course in the related areas. The survey illustrated rapid growth in education programs and it is anticipated that growth will continue.


With the rapid development of campus network application and the great emergence of various departments' website,virtual mainframe technology was fully used for the existing network resources and hardware facilities,which is one of the most effective ways to solve the problem of limited resources.This paper puts forward a series of comprehensive security countermeasures for the Windows virtual host against the current network hackers, Trojans and other offensive means.


The TIHANGE-2 is a three-loop 900 MW(e) Framatome PWR. Two surveillance capsules were unloaded, after 3 reactor operating cycles for the first one (at 19.7{degree} azimuth) and 6 cycles for the second one (at 17{degree} azimuth). A complete set of radiometric (Fe, Ni, Ti and Cu) and fissile (Np-237 and U-238) dosimeters was present in these capsules. The core burn-up and the resulting changes in the fission distribution have been taken into account for the analysis of these capsules. These experimental results provided an opportunity to apply for the first time at SCK/CEN the LEPRICON code system on a real PWR reactor. In this paper the authors are showing the improvements obtained in comparison with the former methodology they were using for the dosimetry analysis but also some problems they encountered when using the LEPRICON methodology.


Constitutional adjudication is as old as democratic constitutionalism. But for a long period of time, the United States of America remained alone in subjecting democratic decision-making to judicial review. While constitutions had become widely accepted already in the 19th century, it took almost two hundred years until constitutional adjudication has gained world-wide recognition. In the 19th century, only Switzerland entrusted its Supreme Court with competencies in the field of constitutional law, yet, not including review of federal legislation. All other attempts to introduce constitutional adjudication failed. This is also true for Germany where the constitution of 1849 had provided for judicial review in an ample manner. But the constitution adopted by the revolutionary Paulskirchen Assembly did not enter into force because the monarchs refused their consent after the revolution had been put down.


With the construction and development of the new power system, the demand for the source network load storage coordinated control business is increasing. There are many kinds of object subjects participating in the power grid operation and power and electricity platform, which brings new challenges to the power grid regulation business. Blockchain technology provides a new idea to solve the problem of power regulation business. This paper studies the block chain cross chain interaction technology in the power dispatching system, analyzes the main block chain cross chain technology and its characteristics, proposes the block chain cross chain technology scheme in the dispatching field, and implements the data cross chain interaction between homogeneous and heterogeneous block chains.


Continuation of application No. 09/805,124, filed on Mar. 8, 2001, which is a continuation of application No. 08/864,750, filed on May 28, 1997, now Pat. No. 6,236.334, which is a continuation of application No. 08/782,513, filed on Jan. 9, 1997, now Pat. No. 5,682, 476, which is a continuation of application No. 08/483, 119, filed on Jun. 7, 1995, now abandoned, which is a continuation-in-part of application No. 08/328,324. filed on Oct. 24, 1994, now abandoned. Int. C. H04B 7/00 (2006.01) U.S. Cl. ........................ 370/310: 370/225; 340/3.1; 34O7825.23 Field of Classification Search ................. 700/241, 700/244; 340/870.02, 825.37, 825.23, 3.1; 345/169; 701/123; 370/347, 338,310, 225; 2197445.1 See application file for complete search history.


Fatty acid and triacylglycerol compositions of 200 samples of subcutaneous fat from two different anatomical locations (rump and adipose tissue covering the Biceps femoris muscle) of Iberian purebred pigs reared on "Montanera" were determined. Significant differences were found for the majority fatty acids and for some triacylglycerol species (PPS, PLPo + MLO, PLO, PLL + PoLO, SOS, SOL, OLL) among the two anatomical locations, being the rump location less saturated. The activity level of the key enzyme involved in lipogenesis differed (p Biceps femoris , increases faster than that of the subcutaneous fat covering a muscle with low oxidative metabolism, as Longissimus dorsi .


The study aims to apply Fuzzy AHP in TOPSIS to discuss the key factors that foster the success of current third-party online payment platforms. This study organized the quality measurements into four categories and eleven sub-categories. The AHP in TOPSIS is applied to calculate the weighted averages of all categories and sub-categories to measure the quality of third-party online payment platforms. This study finds that "safety quality" is the most emphasized category, "system quality" is the second, "communication quality" is the third, and "service quality" is the least emphasized.


Objective Aiming at solving the problem that students′ cardiopulmonary function and stamina aptitude are weakening gradually,the study searches for a proper physical fitness program suitable for students in order to strengthen their physical fitness.Methods one hundred twenty-five students of grade two in No.6 Senior School are divided into two groups(control group and experimental group) according to natural group,in which the sixty-three students of the experimental group have taken part in the 10-week long orienteering training,and their physical fitness is assessed before and after the program.Results After implementing the orienteering fitness program,the students′ cardiopulmonary function(steps index and lungs),aerobic stamina(1 000 m/800 m) and physical qualities(standing long jump around,stutting across and standing on one feet) have increased significantly.Conclusions As the results shows,the orienteering fitness program contributes a lot to strengthening the students' cardiopulmonary function and stamina aptitude,and other qualities have also improved in varying degree,which reaches the purpose of improving students′ physical,laying the practical basis for arienteering movement as fitness program to enter middle school campus,scientififically and reasonablly guide students to engage in physical exercise.


In the paper a glass microelectrode tip is analysed in terms of an equivalent electrical circuit. It is shown that this electrical circuit, postulated in the literature as an RC circuit, can be verified using the frequency domain methods. Electrodes are placed in feedback with an operational amplifier and subjected to sinusoidal analysis; Bode plots of impedance are generated and used to verify the existence of the parallel RC network at the electrode tip.


Thermodynamic properties of groups II-VI compounds have been  discussed in the light of their structure, bonding, ionicity, energy gap, bond length, molecular weight, etc. An attempt has also been made to correlate various thermodynamic and physical properties of the compounds. The interrelationship between thermodynamic and physical properties have been discussed, wherever possible, with realistic justification.


A medical valve having an open mode that permits fluid flow along an inner delflujo path, wherein the medical valve, likewise, a closed mode that prevents fluid flow through dela path internal flow comprising medical valve comprising: a housing forming an interior containing the flow path, a member fixed upright (20) positioned therein, wherein the post member one quees light part of the flow path, wherein the light an opening ( 34) within the housing; yun gland member (28) circumscribing the post member (20) to form a variable devolumen area, the variable volume region formed at least in part between the miembroprensaestopas (28) and the post member (20) being, being the variable volume part of leg switching flow, wherein the gland member section (38) seal having unahendidura normally closed (40) through the latter ypresentando the variable volume closed volume upon in the closed mode, wherein the variable volume an open volume when in the closed mode, with the open volume not less than the closed volume, characterized in that the gland member (28) further comprises a portion of occlusion queocluye opening ( 34) light amount when in the closed mode, so that elmiembro gland (28) has two seals, one on the openings, to (34) of the light delmontante and another section (38) seal.


Objective To investigate the value of Doppl er tissue imaging (DTI) in detecting chronic ischemic myocardium before and after gene transfer. Methods An Ameroid constrictor was placed around the left circumflex artery of each open-chest pig. After 4 weeks, groupⅠandⅡwere intramyocardially administrated recombinant adenovirus coding for the vascular endothelial growth factors(Ad.VEGF-B) or phosphate buffer(PB). After 4 weeks, their hearts were removed for pathological investigation. Color M-mode, two-dimensional and spectrum DTI of lateral-posterior wall before operation, 2 weeks and 4 weeks after Ameroid placement, 2 weeks and 4 weeks after administration were studied. Results Color of normal myocardium was bright, filling and distinct stratified, and of ischemic myocardium faint, local lost and cloudy stratified. After gene transfer, color filling became better and stratification distinct. Normal V S of apical four chamber view (AP-4CV) was greater than that of left ventricular papillary muscle level short axis view (LVPM-SAM)(P 0.01 ). V E of AP-4CV was lower than that of LVPM-SAM (P 0.05 ). Two weeks after placing Ameroid, V S and V E were all significantly decreased (P 0.01 ). The decrease of V S of AP-4CV was greater than that of LVPM-SAM at 2 weeks and following period. The spectrum of groupⅠbefore administration was the same as that of groupⅡ. After gene transfer, V S and V E were all increased at 2 weeks after administration. The increase of V E in LVPM-SAM and V S in AP-4CV was significantly greater than that of control(P 0.05 ). V S and V E of LVPM-SAM were all increased significantly than that of control at 4 weeks after administration (P 0.01 ). Conclusions DTI can detect myocardium structure and wall motion changes in chronic ischemic myocardium before and after gene transfer rapidly and accurately, and provide reliable index to clinical investigation and treatment of coronary heart disease.


In 1999 the British Government announced its new plans for adult education and personal development in their White Paper - 'Post 16: Learning to Succeed'. Their aim was two-fold: first, to encourage individuals to take an active role in their own personal development; and second, to persuade employers to become involved in improving the skills of their workforce. The British Army was already heavily involved in encouraging and fostering personal development and saw this as an opportunity to enhance their existing schemes with extra support and finance from the government. This paper is a case study of the introduction of the 'Learning Forces' initiative - the Army's attempt to pioneer the new government policy for personal development.


The article considers influence of factors - reasons of origination of crisis phenomena - upon resource potential with the aim of study of management and organisation enterprise development. It identifies that correlation of managed and unmanaged processes at an enterprise is achieved only through correct selection of tactical and strategic orientation, which should take into account specific features of various types of crises, and also the process of their deployment and ways of prevention and elimination. The article generalises influence of factors - reasons of origination of crisis phenomena - upon resource potential with the aim of study of the management and organisation development of an enterprise and building a mechanism. It improves a mechanism of formation of the resource potential of the management and organisation development of an enterprise at tactical and strategic levels. It allowed finding out that managerial impact on formation and maintenance of key factors influences the formation, management and application of the enterprise resource potential.


One of the enigmas of the Gospel of Matthew is the apparent contradiction between Jesus' program not to abolish but to fulfill the law found at the beginning of the Gospel (5:17–18) and the risen Jesus' commission of the disciples to preach all that he has commanded to all nations (28:16–20). The closing scene in the Gospel appears to be a deliberate christological rereading of issues dear to the life and practice of the Judaism of the postwar period: all authority is given to Jesus (see Deut 6:4–9; Dan 7:14). He breaks through national and religious boundaries as he invites his disciples to preach to all nations, replacing circumcision with baptism.1 He teaches the observance of what Jesus has commanded them (πάντα ὅσα ἐνετειλάμην


Sebastian Coe is of that elite band of athletes to know the exultation of winning an Olympic gold medal. In this book he looks back across the 20th century at the men and women who have fired his imagination. The illustrations recall the outstanding performances of the past. Sebastian Coe has also written "The Running Year" and "Running for Fitness".


22 Farmer groups in Jumo District, Temanggung Regency are currently shifting to beneng taro cultivation, collectors and buyers who come to receive the best quality dried taro leaves at a price of IDR 20,000 (twenty thousand rupiah). One farmer group consists of 20 - 30 taro farmers with a total garden area of 14 hectares. Taro belongs to the tuber family, tubers, stems and leaves can be processed into food, medicine and the leaves can be used as a substitute for tobacco leaves as raw material for cigarettes. The obstacle experienced by farmers in beneng taro cultivation is in determining the selling price, especially for mass sales, in this case the taro leaf harvest can be picked once every three months and can be planned every two weeks, due to the nature of taro which grows and develops throughout the year and not too affected by the season, the farmers in Jumo District, Temanggung Regency make taro as an alternative when the tobacco plant is not in the growing season. In this case the author does community service in helping to determine the selling price and bring together buyers/exporters who receive crops with a contract quantity of 8 tons/month. Of course there were many obstacles at the beginning of this service, for this reason, initially a marketing analysis was carried out, followed by cultivation guidance, and standard equipment/machines for processing taro leaves so that the best quality produced was sold at better prices, access to exporters or even overseas buyers was The main objective of this study, while the methodology used in this study is to use descriptive analysis with the conclusion that the cost of goods manufactured and the break-even price are the main factors in determining the selling price and determining the profits of all members of the taro beneng farmer group.


Enantiomeric N-phenethyl-m-hydroxyphenylmorphans with various substituents in the ortho, meta or para positions of the aromatic ring in the phenethylamine side-chain (chloro, hydroxy, methoxy, nitro, methyl), as well as a pyridylethyl and a indolylethyl moiety on the nitrogen atom, were synthesized and their binding affinity to the µ-, δ-, and κ-opioid receptors was examined. The higher affinity ligands were further examined in the [35S]GTPγS assay to study their function and efficacy. 3-((1R,5S)-(−)-2-(4-Nitrophenethyl)-2-aza-bicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-5-yl)phenol ((−)-10m) was found to be a µ-agonist and δ-antagonist in that functional assay and was about 50 fold more potent than morphine in vivo. 3-((1R,5S)-(−)-2-(4-Chlorophenethyl)-2-aza-bicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-5-yl)phenol ((−)-10i) and several other ligands displayed inverse agonist activity at the δ-opioid receptor. The absolute configuration of all of the reported compounds was established by chemical conversion of (−)-6 to 1R,5S-(−)-8b·HBr.


Understanding viral tropism is critically important now that HIV treatment options include the CCR5 inhibitor maraviroc. To date, however, our knowledge of this topic has remained rudimentary. For example, we know that the presence of CXCR4-using virus is associated with accelerated declines in CD4-cell counts, but we do not know how, when, or why viruses shift from using CCR5 exclusively to also using CXCR4.

To examine the emergence and persistence of CXCR4-using virus among individual patients over time, investigators reviewed long-term follow-up data from …


This paper describes the development and use of a computerized system to facilitate the prioritizing of roadside fixed-object treatments. Developed for the Traffic Engineering Branch of the North Carolina Division of Highways, the system is designed to perform economic analyses of various fixed-object improvements on an areawide, or roadway segment, basis for example, determining the effect of removing all trees with 9 m (30 ft) of the edge of pavement on rural, two-lane, secondary roads in the piedmont area of North Carolina. Developed inputs for the system include: (a) frequency and severity of the most affectable accidents for each given hazard-treatment. System outputs include predicted accident savings, the net discounted present value and benefit-cost ratio for each candidate fixed-object treatment, and a priority ranking based on comparisons of net present value. Initial runs using the system indicated that the use of transition guardrail at hazardous bridge ends and tree removal in certain locations in North Carolina appear promising. System developmental efforts also remphasized the continuing presence of a serious national problem-the lack of sound information concerning effectiveness levels for fixed-object countermeasures. /Author/


One of the key elements of understanding mechanisms of social stratification in job market entry is looking at the ways in which groups learn about careers and seek jobs in early adulthood. Online resources for job seeking are growing, yet we know very little about the nature of young adults' use of the Internet for this purpose. Are there types of people who utilize the Internet more than others? If so, are these patterns unique to the Internet or are they the same as those for other sources of information? We address these questions using survey data of 1,060 college first-years at one of the most ethnically diverse universities in the United States. The survey includes extensive measures of demographics, academic achievement, Internet experiences, as well as job-seeking practices. We find that African Americans, Asians, and Caucasians who grew up speaking a language other than English are more likely than Caucasian native English speakers to use the Internet for investigating jobs and careers. We also look at other sources of information, but only with the Internet do we find significant effects for these groups.


A variety of restoration algorithms for ATM networks have been investigated previously. This paper proposes an efficient spare capacity allocation strategy for ATM survivable networks, to obtain a better cost-performance feature. Spare capacity on every link of the ATM virtual path (VP) based network is taken as the object of manipulation. Three restraint condition formulas are derived for the establishment of a new working VP (W-VP) or a new backup VP (B-VP), with respect to two parameters: the spare capacity ratio and the spare capacity shared ratio of each link. A hybrid self-healing mechanism with priority restoration is deployed to cooperate with the allocation strategy. Through computer simulation, the impact of these two parameters is studied, and the value of them can be adjusted according to the dynamic load of an ATM network. As a result, the optimum amount and location of spare capacity can be achieved in the ATM network, under the required survivability performance (e.g., restoration ratio, restoration time). Thus the total survivability cost of an ATM network can be minimized.


The invention discloses a bridge bearing base of a pelletizer. The bridge bearing base of the pelletizer comprises a bearing base upper cover, a bearing base, bolts and nuts, wherein the bearing base upper cover has a semicircular structure and extends out along the semicircle to form two wing platforms; at least one upper cover hole is formed on each of the two wing platforms; the bearing base comprises a base body and a support; the base body is fixed on the support; the base body has a semicircular structure and extends out along the semicircle to form two wing platforms; base holes with the number corresponding to that of the upper cover holes are formed on each of the two wing platforms; and the bolts penetrate through the upper cover holes and the base holes and are screwed with the nuts to fix the bearing base upper cover and the bearing base so as to form a circular cavity. The bridge bearing base of the pelletizer is convenient to maintain, so that the labor intensity of maintenance staff is reduced; and the time is saved, and the working efficiency is improved.


tinues to grow") (7). I noted that the list of cancer treatments named in the table of "Selected Cancer Spin-offs" correctly cites both immuran and allopurinol as being originally designed and tested for anticancer activity, both of which subsequently found application instead in other areas of medicine. In contrast, no mention was made of the fact that AZT, which was first synthesized under the aegis of grants from the National Cancer Institute (CY-5943 and CA-02903), had also been prepared and tested for anticancer activity (2). Like immuran and allopurinol, AZT failed to manifest the requisite properties to warrant further evaluation as an anti-cancer agent but did find application as an antiretroviral agent in the management of AIDS nearly 25 years later. Moreover, ddC (3) and d4T (4), which belong to the same family of dideoxynucleosides to which AZT belongs and which were synthesized in the same era under corresponding grants to the Michigan Cancer Foundation in the search for new anti-cancer agents, are currently being evaluated in clinical trials for the AIDS program. It is important also to note that the dideoxynucleosides found additional, useful application in the procedure developed by Sanger for sequencing DNA. It is true, of course, that AZT, ddC, and d4T were all synthesized during the period 1964-1966, a few years before the approval of the National Cancer Act. Nonetheless, it lends additional credence to the argument that the investment in cancer research has paid off in "money, treatments, and understanding of basic biology for medicine as a whole."


FIELD: videodisplay systems. SUBSTANCE: circuit transmitting videodata to display has demultiplexing circuit meant to demultiplex group of Y columns of multiplexed input signals of videodata into X groups from Y capacitors of excitation elements and control circuit intended to send voltage of preliminary charge to Y input lines of columns and to transmit videodata to Y input lines of columns later. EFFECT: increased reliability of control circuit thanks to reduced number of required components on glass substrate. 7 cl, 6 dwg


Typically, in the development of industrial systems, i.e. manufacturing and assembly systems, different disciplines are involved, each of them using its own terminology, methods and tools. The resulting procedure is often fragmented by more or less isolated software systems, leading to the need for manual transfer of data and information, respectively, which is not only expensive but error-prone as well. A promising approach to improve the situation is the usage of common information models acting as "lingua franca" of the used software systems, based on ontological approaches. These common information models would not only allow continuous flows of information between the software systems used, but also the application of novel methods and tools such as generative design, cognitive digital twins, etc.


The authors report their technique of primary repair of the ulnar collateral ligament of the metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb. Under loco-regional anaesthesia with a pneumatic tourniquet, the principal band of the ulnar collateral ligament is reinserted by means of Jenning's barb-wire anchored on the proximal phalanx. After 4 weeks' immobilisation, a regime of splintage is used to regain range of movement.


[Objective]To evaluate the effectiveness of posterior lumbar interbody fusion(PLIF) in the treatment of upper lumbar disc herniation.[Method]Twenty six patients of upper lumbar disc herniation underwent posterior lumbar interbody fusion,lumbago VAS and the pain in waist and lower extremities grades were tested before operation,all patients had an average follow-up period of 20.8 months,then lumbago VAS and the pain in waist and lower extremities grades were tested at last follow-up,lumbago VAS and the pain in waist and lower extremities grades were compared through paired t-test.[Result]All 26 patients had a followed-up.Postoperative VAS had significant lower than preoperative,statistical analysis has remarkable significance(P0.03),the pain in waist and lower extremities grades had significantly improved;the function of lower extremities had distinct improvement,statistical analysis has remarkable significance(P0.02).Twenty-two patients had satisfactory operation results,with excellent and good ratio of 84.6%.[Conclusion]Posterior lumbar interbody fusion is a feasible operation to upper lumbar disc herniation,with significant therapeutic effect.Gentle and careful operation,and avoiding the medical inijury is the key to insure suecess of the surgery.


The study concerns a human error recovery function for efficient human/robot collaborative parts conveyance tasks, which has not been discussed so far in construction of human/robot coexistence systems. We propose a human operational intention inference updater which allows a robot to judge whether the goal intended to reach by the operator is correct or not, from incomplete trajectory data sequence of the robot endtip maneuvered by the operator. Experimental results showed that a use of the proposed inference updater reduced the task execution time even when human error occurred in a task, which demonstrate the usefulness of the updater.


This article presents a case report of a 38-year-old man who developed DRESS syndrome 40 days after being prescribed phenytoin
prophylactically for seizures following a bike accident. DRESS syndrome is an uncommon yet potentially lethal drug reaction that can manifest
within 2-6 weeks following medication exposure. Symptoms include fever, rash, and systemic symptoms such as lymphadenopathy, hepatitis, and
interstitial nephritis. The liver is the organ most commonly affected by DRESS syndrome, which can result from over 40 medications, and severe
hepatitis leading to liver failure and myocarditis are the leading causes of mortality in DRESS syndrome. There is no specic diagnostic test for
DRESS syndrome, and clinicians must have a high level of suspicion and exclude other conditions. Treatment includes stopping the offending drug, supportive care, and early initiation of corticosteroids


Public-private partnerships (PPPs) usually involve a government agency contracting with a private company to renovate, construct, operate, maintain, and/or manage a transportation system or facility. This article reports on an open forum hosted by the Transportation Research Board (TRB) to bring together the United States Department of Transportation (DOT) and private-sector representatives involved in project financing and delivery. The forum focused on how the parties can think creatively and strategically to advance critical surface transportation projects through PPPs. The article summarizes the forum's discussion in five areas: the components of successful public-private partnerships; how to establish an environment that is attractive to successful public-private partnerships; the appropriate role of the Federal government in encouraging public-private partnerships; and how to choose partners in a public-private partnership. The author concludes that, to mainstream PPPs in the transportation sector, the Federal government needs to continue removing barriers, sharing experiences, and building expertise. PPPs may lead to dramatic improvements in the roadway systems over the coming decades.


Still fresh and strikingly contemporary, the stark realism of these stories carefully explores the dreams and emotions of Sherwood Anderson's unforgettable characters. In Death in the Woods, we travel deep into the heart of America as Anderson saw it, to find an introspective man, in a desolate landscape, questioning the very meaning of his world.


The present invention relates to new use of water extract of plant. The leaves of Sibiraea angustata and Sibiraea laevigata of Sibiraea in Rosaceae are prepared into health tea and medicine capable of reducing blood fat, promoting digestion, eliminating constipation and slimming.


In this paper we examine the lead–lag interaction between the futures and spot markets of the S&P500 using the threshold regression model on intraday data. The use of threshold variables to model the changes in the regression structure with respect to different market conditions enables us to investigate the lead–lag interaction in a data-based approach and avoid stratifying the data arbitrarily. Using the basis as the threshold variable, we find that the short-selling restrictions in the spot market reduce the effect of the spot index as the leading variable. To study the effect of market-wide information on the interaction between the spot and futures markets, we use the coefficient of determination in the regression of the S&P500 on the Morgan–Stanley Composite Index-US and the Major Market Index as the threshold variable. We find that the lead effect of the futures market over the spot market is stronger when there is more market-wide information. On the other hand, the lead effect of the cash market over the futures market is weaker when there is more market-wide information. In addition, we also use the lagged 45-min return of the spot market as the threshold variable. We find that the lead effect of the spot market is stronger in periods of directionless trading than in periods of good or bad markets.


This paper deals with all the vascular plants of Sultan's Battery and Chedaleth ranges, Kozhikode Dt., Kerala collected during the year 1964-65. The ranges lie between 8° & 12°N and 76° & 80°E. Various types of vegetation ranging from tropical evergreen, semi-evergreen, moist and dry deciduous to scrub are seen. Altogether 528 plants, spread over 87 families and 370 taxa are enumerated. From a careful study of literature and collections made earlier by others and presently kept in the herbarium of the Southern Circle, Botanical Survey of India, twelve new records for the area are discovered.


The ethanolic extract of Calocybe indica was studied for its free radical scavenging property on different in vitro models like 1, 1-diphenyl-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) Assay, Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) assay and in vitro antilipidperoxidative assay using goat liver homogenate and RBC Ghost model. The in vitro Lipid peroxidation (LPO) was inhibited to a good extent by the Calocybe indica ethanolic extract and the extent of inhibition being higher in the RBC membrane model than the liver homogenate model. The mushroom extract showed good dose-dependent free radical scavenging property in both the models.


A study of ScS-S and PcP-P differential travel times and absolute S wave travel times from two deep focus South American earthquakes indicates that the scatter observed in ScS-S times by Hales and Roberts (1970) and Jordan (1972) results from lateral heterogeneities in the lower mantle along the path of the S phase. Both ScS-S and PcP-P times delineate a region of anomalously high velocity in the lower mantle beneath the Caribbean, which may be responsible for some observations of body wave multipathing at Lasa. The total velocity variation associated with this anomaly is estimated to be 1% or greater, and the ratio of P velocity variation to S velocity variation is about 1:1. The observed velocity contrasts may be due to a thermal anomaly, in which case lateral temperature differences of at least 200°–300°C are required. We suggest that the high-velocity anomaly beneath the Caribbean marks a site of descending material in the convecting mantle.


While concrete structures will normally provide long service life, certain problems are associated with these types of materials. One area of major concern is degradation of concrete structures due to sulphate attack. This form of degradation of the concrete occurs due to selective attack of specific constituents within the cement structure. In determining the life expectancy of these structures, developing laboratory investigations simulating the deterioration process can be quite challenging. First, the determination of the level of sulphate concentration requires careful analysis. Secondly, the development and calibration of an accelerated testing method is required to measure deterioration in the laboratory within a reasonable time period. The research work presented here covers the development of a method for accelerated testing of concrete exposed to sulphate attack. Specimens were immersed in three solutions, 500, 5000 and 50000 ppm Sodium and Magnesium Suphate. Investigations have been conducted over approximately a 18 month period to date. Susceptibility to sulphate attack was monitored using weight change (discontinuous gravimetric) measurements as a function of time, as well as elongation m,easurements, on the immersed samples. In addition the strength of the concrete was monitored at fixed intervals.


textual criticism gives to the book a special importance for students of Varro. The attempt to find the empirical method in Crates' studies of the Attic dialect and of Homeric diction is the least convincing part of the book. From the passages adduced in evidence there emerges no clear contrast in method between Crates and the other scholars whose views they reproduce. It is true that Trapar-qpTiais—the 'Stichwort' of empiricism, as Mette calls it in his preface— appears in one quotation from the critical works of Crates, iraparqpeiv in another; but 77-apcmjpi)<7iy is not in itself a technical term but simply a word which, if indispensable for the empiricist, is also very useful for the philologist of any school. The Kpirtjs irapaTTjpetv a£u>Z of the scholium on Aristophanes, Peace 259 (= F 76a Mette) may be capped, for example, by On the Sublime 23. 2 eVciva /toAAov Traparrjpiqacws a£ia.


Three unusual terms describe their father, with each making its earliest attested appearance in the present passage: βο1μασγοΚ, τυατ ασγοΚ and πεττοξον*ξ. The first and second, translated here by LSJ as 'adviser of a plan' and 'chief of a band or company', relate directly to the play's background.3 Danaus has literally orchestrated4 his family's flight to Argos. The participle πεττοξον*ξ comments on how he has done so.5 The verb from which it is formed appears in only one other place in Greek literature,6 and has the primary meaning of 'set the πεττο in order for playing; play at πεττο '.7 In short, Danaus is like someone playing a board game, and SHORTER NOTES 303


Freedom and Responsibility: A Search for Harmony—Human Rights and Personal Dignity Patriarch Kirill of Moscow London: Darton, Longman, and Todd, 2011 (136 pages)


The change in electric resistance of alloys of the iron-nickel system at various temperatures, ranging from -190° to 850°, is measured up to 1600 oersteds in the longitudinal magnetic field. The specimen used is a fine wire, 0.22_??_0.61mm in diameter and cm in length. The change in resistance of alloys, being face-centered cubic solid solution, on the nickel side, is far remarkable than alloys being body-centered cubic solid solution, on the iron side, -especially at lower temperature. The isotheimal curves of concentration of magneto-resistance consist of two portions, separating each other at concentration of nickel slightly more than 30%, and each curve forms a hollow to the concentration axis. Two solid diagrams are constructed from magneto-resistance in 1500 oersteds, and from electric resistance at various temperatures in iron-nickel alloys.


The fundamental mathematical and mechanical knowledge systems of the mechanics were concluded as calculus and modern tensor analysis with continuum mechanics based on it.As referred to the related national and international textbooks and monographs with the first levels,the fundamental constitutions of the above mentioned knowledge systems are presented.It was put forward that the knowledge points with the corresponding knowledge elements are suitable to recognize one knowledge system,and the radical development property of the knowledge system of calculus is expressed.The concept termed as "Mathematical Generality" was put forward that are just some mathematical structures or forms as the so-called knowledge elements of some knowledge points with respect even to different knowledge systems.Mathematics is taken as the systematic ideas and methods to recognize the natural and unnatural worlds in the present paper,and the relationships between mathematical knowledge system and mechanical knowledge system are represented to some extents.Some cases originated from the knowledge systems of calculus,tensor analysis,differential geometry and continuum mechanics are adopted to expound the arguments that are raised in the present paper.The related proof of the Stokes formula in calculus in the unified form,the interpretation of the tensor field's gradient in tensor analysis in the point of view of differential and the definitions of the Lie-derivative in differential geometry viewed from field argument with the related results are our own cognitions.


Voice assistants have become a common part of our lives and can help us convey commands conveniently. However, in a noisy environment, their microphones cannot clearly distinguish human voice commands. Some works use millimeter wave radars to detect the vibration of the human throat to recognize voice commands so that the background noise can be reduced, but they require people to be still at a fixed position in front of the radar. In this poster, we found that when the human speaks, the objects around the human body will produce vibration signals, which also contain human voice information. These vibration signals can be utilized to extract the voice while people can move freely. We first detect the vibrations of objects around human body. Then the common components of these vibration signals can be extracted to recover voices. We evaluate this method on several short sentences and the results show that there is a high correlation between the recovered voice signal and the corresponding original voice signal.


Logic system Hα is a parametric system.Given parameter α different values,different many-valued logic systems can be obtained.By the subalgebra theory classification theorem of tautology in Many-valued Logic System Hα has been discussed,which has laid a foundation for the systemHα in its further research.


Peripheral nerve conduction velocity and cortical evoked potentials were investigated in 48 patients with Friedreich's disease and in 35 relatives. There were 14 patients and 2 relatives who underwent sural nerve biopsy.


The main purpose of the present work was to study the dynamic instability of a three-layered, thick composite sandwich beam with the functionally graded (FG) flexible core subjected to an axial compressive follower force. Flutter instability of a sandwich cantilever beam was analyzed using the high-order theory of sandwich beams, for the first time. The governing equations in general for sandwich beams with an FG core were extracted and could be used for all types of sandwich beams with any types of face sheets and cores. A polynomial function is considered for the vertical distribution of the displacement field in the core layer along the thickness, based on the results of the first Frosting's higher order model. The governing partial differential equations and the equations of boundary conditions of the dynamic system are derived using Hamilton's principle. By applying the boundary conditions and numerical solution methods of squares quadrature, the beam flutter phenomenon is studied. In addition, the effects of different geometrical and material parameters on the flutter threshold were investigated. The results showed that the responses of the dynamic instability of the system were influenced by the follower force, the coefficients of FGs and the geometrical parameters like the core thickness. Comparison of the present results with the published results in the literature for the special case confirmed the accuracy of the proposed theory. The results showed that the follower force of the flutter phenomenon threshold for long beams tends to the corresponding results in the Timoshenko beam.


The process of catalytic oxidation of SO2 by pyrolusite and manganese bacterium, thiobacillus ferrooxidans was studied. The effect of bacteria in the desulphurisation system of pyrolusite was discussed. Results showed that manganese bacterium was adhered on the pyrolusite and oxidized Mn (II) to Mn (III) and Mn (IV), and pyrolusite catalytic oxidation of SO2 was intensified. There was an adapting period of the effect, and catalytic oxidation of SO2 was intensified along with the reaction liquid; there was a symplastic effect between manganese bacterium and thiobacillus ferrooxidans that related to the composition of them.


Very recently boron/nitrogen codoped titanium dioxide (B/N@TiO2) has been synthesized and the crystals are red in color with excellent absorption over the full visible spectrum. In this report, the geometries and electronic states of B/N@TiO2 have been investigated using density functional theory plus Hubbard U contributions. It is found that (i) the net charges introduced by the dopants can be fully compensated when the B/N ratio is 1/3; (ii) when B-doping and B/N-codoping coexist, the electronic states associated with unbalanced B-dopants can form impurity bands; and (iii) the electron excitation from the impurity bands to conduction bands can lead to the optical absorption at ∼2.0 eV, which has been proposed as the origin of the excellent absorption of visible light offered by red TiO2.


This study focuses on migratory experiences in the locality situated in the North of England. This medium-sized town since the late 1990s became a destination for international migrants. Contemporary migration to this locality has been associated with two structural policies: the dispersal of refugees and asylum seekers by UK government and the opening of the UK labour market to the new EU citizens from Central Eastern Europe. The study's sample has included migrant participants coming both from EU and non EU (dispersed) backgrounds. This piece of research is explorative and inductive in nature. Its ontological and epistemological stances are influenced by intepretivism. The data has been gathered through biographical and semi-structured interviews, focus group interviews and ethnographic observations. The data and its interpretations contributed to the understanding of the following aspects of migrant living in this locality: the motives of migration, the arrival mechanisms, the experiences of paid employment and informal work. The study also examines the local dynamics of ethnic intolerance and individual experiences of housing provision. The interpretation of empirical data is used to construct a theoretical analysis exploring the migration process in the locality which has a particular set of social and labour market characteristics.


At the end of April, you would have been paid to receive a barrel of oil, and futures suggest that prices are unlikely to rise above $50/barrel for the next 2 years. Purely for nearterm economics, there is no incentive to pursue biofuels. Does this mean renewable bioenergy and bioproducts need to drop from the agenda? Absolutely not! There is a reason why our journal title begins with, "Global Change Biology." The Paris Accord was a watershed international agreement to prevent warming of the globe exceeding 2°C. If not obtained, then flooding of low lying major cities, disruption of food supply, and large increases in the incidence of forest fires, among other calamities, become inevitable. Global change is not just climatic and atmospheric change but also other pervasive effects on Earth's environment, such as plastics in our rivers and oceans, and continued accumulation of nondegradable wastes (Duncan et al., 2019, Machado et al., 2018). Low-carbon renewable fuels and bioproducts are a key part of the solution, and one which consumers, especially young consumers, are demanding (Thackeray et al., 2020). And, as the effects of global change become ever-more evident, this demand can only grow, as businesses respond with or without government support or legislation. Longer term, electric vehicles promise a means to reduce the carbon footprint of the light vehicle fleet; however, the assumption that they will be carbon neutral can only be true once electricity generation from coal, oil, and natural gas ceases (Shafiei, Davidsdottir, Leaver, Stefansson, & Asgeirsson, 2017). Here, energy produced from biomass can play a large role, and also be carbon negative when combined with carbon capture and storage (Albanito et al., 2019). There is great potential in the short term to expand sugarcane ethanol production, providing an 85% well-to-wheel improvement in net carbon emissions over gasoline (Jaiswal et al., 2019). A greater challenge is in replacing liquid fuel use where electrification is unlikely: long distance trucking and aviation. Technologies exist and are progressing for effective conversion of vegetable oils to biodiesel and jet fuel. At present, the challenge is obtaining sufficient vegetable oil per unit land area, without impacting food oil supplies or driving deforestation in the tropics. Algal systems and the bioengineering of highly productive crops, such as sugarcane and sweet sorghum to accumulate oils, provide such solutions (Kumar, Long, & Singh, 2018; Parajuli et al., 2020). Upgrading oils derived from pyrolysis of biomass have also progressed in meeting this need (Sorunmu et al., 2020). An added benefit of producing biofuel by this route is the byproduct, biochar. Biochar when used as a soil amendment delivers both longterm carbon sequestration and improved fertility (Sarauer, Page-Dumroese, & Coleman, 2019). Low-carbon renewable bioenergy is only a part of the equation. Many of today's consumer products are derived from fossil oil resulting in emissions in their production and disposal, and often adding to global pollution (Duncan et al., 2019, Machado et al., 2018). Here, plant-derived bioproducts have the potential to replace all of today's fossil oil-derived plastics, fabrics, rubber, lubricants and multiple other green chemicals (Gosch, Magnusson, Paul, & De Nys, 2012; Juneja & Singh, 2020). Already, many companies are exploring the business potential of using plants to make biodegradable and compostable plastics while an increasing number of countries are banning or taxing single-use plastics. Bioproducts that can substitute for nonrenewable sources, for example in construction, similarly make a large difference to net emissions, while providing a long-term carbon store (Smyth, Rampley, Lempriere, Schwab, & Kurz, 2017). Key to guiding the transition to a bio-based economy are life cycle assessments and techno-economic analyses that can quantify both the gain a technology represents in terms of reduced greenhouse gas emissions, as well as its technical and economic feasibility, and how all of these fit with policy and legal frameworks (Jiang, Zipp, Langholtz, & Jacobson, 2019, Kumar et al., 2018, Norton et al., 2019, Sorunmu et al., 2020). Bioproducts and a sustainable bioeconomy have been a part of the mission of GCB Bioenergy from day one, but today we are giving this renewed emphasis in our new journal masthead—Global Change Biology—Bioenergy Bioproducts for a Sustainable Bioeconomy.


Objective: To discuss the incidence of iatrogenic risk of intussusception and pathogenesis,its percentage of the etiology of pediatvic intussusception.Methods: The clinical data of 448 pediatric intussusception cases of etiology and inasie procedure were retrospectively analyzed and discussed.Results: 448 cases of pediatric intussusception in 442 patients with primary intussusception(accounting for 98.66%),where a history of back within a week with oral laxatives,gastrointestinal drugs and therapeutic drugs such as enema history of patients with suspected intussusception in 76 cases of iatrogenic;secondary intussusception in 6 cases,of which Meckel's diverticulum 2 cases,3 cases of polyps cecum,ileocecal hematoma in 1 case.Conclusion: Pediatvic intussusception is primary-based,including the incidence of iatrogenic risk of intussusception can not be ignored.


When the case-based reasoning system learns new cases,the size of the case base will increase,and lead to the problem of more retrieving time and low efficiency in case retrieval.Multi-layer feed-forward neural network is a constructive neural network,which can be easily constructed and understood with features of the training examples and has lower complexity of time or space.The covering algorithm of the multi-layer feed-forward neural network has high reorganization of the test set besides recognizing the whole training data,and has been used to classify many difficult problems effectively and rapidly.The case base is partitioned to several sub-case bases by a multi-layer forward neural networks as well as covering algorithm,and a new problem can be retrieved only in a special sub-case base.These can be used to deal with the problem of CBR system performance especially in large scale of case base,which can guarantee the two all,competence and efficiency.


An experiment was designed to evaluate the effect of the time of removal of an intravaginal progesterone (P4) releasing device and GnRH treatment on the interval to and the distribution of ovulations in beef cows superstimulated with Folltropin-V (Bioniche Animal Health, Belleville, Ontario, Canada). Red Angus donors (22 cows and 12 heifers) with a body condition score between 2.5 to 3.5 out of 5 were blocked by parity and randomly assigned to one of four treatment groups in a 2 × 2 factorial design. On Day 0, all donors received an i.m. DIB vaginal device (Syntex, Argentina) plus 2.5 mg estradiol-17β and 50 mg P4 (Laboritorio Rio de Janeiro, Argentina). Superstimulatory treatments were initiated on Day 4, with a total dose of 320 mg (cows) or 200 mg (heifers) NIH-FSH-P1 (Folltropin-V; Bioniche Animal Health, Inc., Belleville, Ontario, Canada) in twice daily i.m. injections over 4 days. All cows received PGF treatment (150 μD(+)cloprostenol: Ciclase; Syntex) in the morning and afternoon of Day 6 and were randomly divided to have DIB devices removed at the time of the second PGF treatment (Day 6.5) or 12 h later (Day 7). On Day 8, donors were further subdivided to receive GnRH (0.050 mg Lecirelina, Gonasyn; Syntex) or no further treatment, and all cows were fixed-time AI either 60 and 72 h after the first PGF injection (0 h). All cows and heifers were examined by ultrasonography every 8 h for a period of 120 h commencing at the time of DIB removal, to determine the time and distribution of ovulations. For each cow, mean time of ovulation was used for the statistical analysis. The distributions of ovulations were compared among groups by Levene's test, and then by ANOVA (equal variances) or Friedman two-way non-parametric ANOVA (unequal variances). No significant differences were detected between cows and heifers (P > 0.13) for the parameters evaluated, and data were combined. There was no effect (P > 0.22) of treatment on the number of ovulations (GnRH: 12.6 ± 1.6 vs. no GnRH: 15.1 ± 1.1 and Day 6.5: 13.7 ± 1.3 vs. Day 7: 14.3 ± 1.5), or numbers of transferable embryos (GnRH: 5.1 ± 1.1 vs. no GnRH: 3.1 ± 0.8 and Day 6.5: 3.5 ± 0.8 vs. Day 7: 4.81 ± 0.1). However, there was a significant effect of GnRH treatment and a GnRH-by-time-of-DIB-removal interaction on the distribution of ovulations (P < 0.05; Table 1). The administration of GnRH in a superstimulatory protocol using P4 releasing devices results in earlier and more synchronous ovulations than when GnRH is not used. Table 1. Distribution of ovulations (hours after the first PGF) in superstimulated Red Angus donors treated with progesterone-releasing devices (DIB) for 6.5 or 7 days with and without GnRH treatment on Day 8


The results of an analysis of two target surfaces used in a bouncing ball experiment are presented. It is shown that if a ball is dropped onto a flat surface with an initial spin, or component of velocity horizontal to the surface, the ball will travel horizontally in ''one direction'' while it executes multiple bounces. Because of this phenomenon, the ball will eventually fall off any reasonably sized flat target surface. To overcome this, we consider a surface with a conical depression in it so as to ''focus'' or localize the bouncing ball. Equations that describe the motion on such a surface are presented.


The present invention provides a preparation method for a nitrogen-doped graphene hydrogel. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) adding an oxidized graphite to water according to a certain ratio, and carrying out ultrasonic dispersion to obtain an oxidized graphene aqueous solution; (2) adding an organic amine to the oxidized graphene aqueous solution obtained from the step (1) in a dropwise manner, and stirring for a certain time to form an oxidized graphene and organic amine compounded intermediate product; and (3) carrying out a hydrothermal synthesis reaction on the intermediate product obtained from the step (2) to obtain the nitrogen-doped graphene hydrogel. The method of the present invention is a new and easy method for synthesis and regulation of the three dimensional structure of the graphene, and has characteristics of simple operation, easy control, low cost, no pollution and easy industrialization. With application of the graphene hydrogel of the present invention as a super-capacitor electrode material, results show that good specific capacitance and high power density are provided under the very high charge and discharge current circumstance.


Based on the variational principle in a general manifold in the Hilbert space and the principle of gauge invariance, the general gauge invariant periodic quantization method is formulated. This method, which is a direct generalization of the one previously obtained in the case of time-dependent Hartree-Fock, leads to a quantization rule which takes the Bohr-Sommerfeld form when the variational parameters are transformed to canonical variables. The method is illustrated by applying it to the manifold of minimum wave packets for a simple harmonic oscillator. It leads to the exact energy spectrum and a discrete set of wave packets which have maximum overlap with the exact eigenstates. The method is also applied to the exact Schroedinger dynamics where it exposes some open questions of the method.


The Jacobi elliptic function expansion (JEFE) method is applied to construct the exact periodic solutions to two kinds of nonlinear wave equations, such as BBM equation, fifth-order dispersive equation, Kawahara equation, modified Kawahara equation, second-order BO equation and symmetrical-regular long wave equation. The corresponding shock wave solutions or solitary wave solutions are obtained as special cases of the periodic solutions. It is shown that this method is very powerful for some nonlinear wave equations, and its applying domain is given. 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. PACS: 01.55.+b; 04.20.Jb; 05.45.Yv


The objective of this research is the Rural Housing in the Desaguadero ¨River basin and Lake Poopo that includes two provinces in the departments of La Paz and Oruro in the central high plateau of Bolivia, where most of the indigenous native people settled with high poverty rates. Within this reality, housing is one of the most important cultural expression and one of the most representative variables that shows the existing development level in the area. The problem is studied starting from socio-cultural, physical-space and technological phenomenon's point of view linked to the dynamic space conception and housing material. It mainly values the liveable place articulation with its dwellers, its culture, and its productive area to identify and systematize the set of endogenous resources of the social habitat production and housing to find new paradigms that include aspects such as social capital, cultural rooting, space perception, its use preferences and construction possibilities. These aspects are involved, contrasted or identified with contemporary transformations. As a result the research proposes a set of outlines, programs, actions, and projects to build and revert the precarious housing situation and its negative impact in its inhabitants well-being. It shows that it is possible to have housing improvement public policies recreating their own paradigms, adopting endogenous dynamics that include cultural adaptation and adjusting to current challenges as foundations of their own local development.


Senile plaques consisting largely of extracellular deposits of a 38–42 residue peptide, amyloid β protein (Aβ) and intraneuronal deposits of the microtubule‐associated protein, tau, as neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) are defining features of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Aβ is produced after cleavage of a larger Aβ protein precursor (APP) by β‐secretase to the secreted sAPPβ and cell‐associated CTFβ followed by cleavage of CTFβ by γ‐secretase to secreted Aβ and the cognate cytoplasmic fragment, CTFγ. Most Aβ is 40 residues long, but a small fraction is 42–43 residues in length. A currently favored hypothesis is that Aβ42 forms toxic aggregates that induce NFT formation and ultimately the neuronal dysfunction characteristic of AD. Based on this hypothesis, the popular targets for drug development are the enzymes that generate or degrade Aβ42, block Aβ aggregation or toxicity and other factors that regulate these pathways in the brain. This article examines the evidence supporting the amyloid hypothesis and alternative hypotheses based on APP metabolism. In addition, the current drug targets for modifying APP metabolism to reduce Aβ42 are discussed. We further discuss evidence that suggests that other APP fragments such as CTFγ are altered by tested familial AD mutations and their role in AD pathogenesis needs to be carefully examined. We conclude that it is important to develop drugs based on alternative APP fragments (i.e., CTFγ) as well as the other identified pathways (i.e., oxidative stress) to provide alternatives if antiamyloid drugs fail to treat AD. Drug Dev. Res. 56:211–227, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Laser or the white light speckle photograph method is one of the techniques used to measure the velocity field. The speckle photographs are usually lit by fine laser beams and generate Young's fringes. Velocity vectors are analysed by counting the fringe spacings and directions using The Fourier Transform method. In this paper, the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) method is applied to analyze the speckle photographs directly. Two kinds of simplifying methods, one the dimensional FFT method and the other the dimensional compressing method are also introduced to shorten the analysing time. Three methods are applied to analyze the flow field around a circular cylinder. Good agreement was obtained between the three methods except in the separated flow region. The one dimensional compressing method had a significantly shorter analysing time, around 1/10 less than the others.


Abstract : Requirements for test and evaluation in the weapons system acquisition process have become increasingly formalized and management of the test and evaluation activities has become more centralized, particularly with the formation of the Major Range and Test Facility Base and establishment of the Uniform Funding Policy. Management of the Navy portion of the Major Range and Test Facility Base has been delegated to the Naval Air Systems Command Test and Evaluation Group; however, most of the use of these facilities comes from the Systems and Engineering Group. Some of the problems resulting from this divided responsibility are discussed here and recommendations for improvements are presented. (Author)


In this final contribution to the Special Review Series on basic mechanisms of cancer pain, Rosemary Polomano and I review recent progress in developing animal models of chemotherapy-evoked painful peripheral neuropathy. We now …


Objective To develop the medical equipment maintenance whole process management software,thus to realize whole process management of installation,maintenance,report for repairs,examination and approval,and scrapping.Methods According to the equipment maintenance process,using network database and client development tool to develop the software.Results We have realized medical equipment maintenance whole process management.The management directors can identify and deal with the problems in time.Conclusion Using the software,we have realized effective control for medical equipment maintenance,and provided the data support for medical equipment scientific management.


As a part of the overarching publication "Willingness to Defend Own Country in the Baltic States: Implications for National Security and NATO's Collective Defence" (2021), author of this chapter analyses policies and measures of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) in fostering societal resilience and willingness to defend own country. The author underlines that the concept of resilience has gained additional foothold in the recent years in NATO. Notwithstanding that, interaction with the member states' societies and resilience thereof primarily remains the responsibility of NATO member states themselves.


: Network broadcast is a new thing formed by the rapid development of Internet technology. In the information age of the 21st century, network broadcast has the advantages of convenience, strong entertainment and high interactivity. Compared with other activities, it is a popular form of entertainment. While bringing huge traffic and economic benefits, legal disputes in the network broadcast industry are also on the rise. Due to the different opinions on the identification of online broadcast reward behavior, the result of the trial of such disputes is different. Therefore, the study of this phenomenon is conducive to standardizing live broadcast behavior and creating a clean and pleasant network space.


This paper focuses on retrofitting measures as vehicle to reduce heating energy consumption in the domestic sector. It reports on the potential energy savings yielded by common upgrading strategies in relation to the original constructive systems and building typologies. The investigation starts from a thorough study of the context which comprises the climate analysis, urban environment and constructive typologies. The basic thermal principles of each retrofitting technique are then explored to find out the patterns which allow the attainment of their optimum output in every situation. These patterns are confirmed by computer simulations which state different efficiency depending on the typology of the building subjected. The research provides also an estimation of the embodied energy of every system as further indicators on how to optimize resources in an energy retrofitting project.


(1) The reasons for various failures to observe the absorption spectrum of free hydroxyl radicals are discussed. (2) The absorption spectrum of OH in the electric discharge through water vapor is observed with a spectrograph of high resolving power. After interrupting the discharge, the presence of OH is traced by its absorption spectrum over time intervals up to 1/8 sec. (3) With alternating half‐periods of 60 cycle a.c. cut out by a switch, the emission of OH vanishes almost entirely with the current whereas the absorption persists rather uniformly. It is concluded that the persistence of the absorption spectrum is to be attributed to a long life of OH radicals rather than a long life of O and H atoms furnishing a fresh supply of short life OH radicals. (4) The rotational intensity distribution within the OH band at strong currents (being anomalous to a lesser extent than at faint currents) indicates the presence of free OH in the discharge. (5) For a comparison of the present result with previous estim...


A 60-year-old woman presented with difficulty in breathing due to tracheal compression from limited stage small cell lung cancer (Fig. 1A). A prophylactic Niti-S stent (Taewoong Medical, Seoul, Korea) was deployed in the distal trachea before chemoradiotherapy. She then completed six cycles of carboplatin/etoposide chemotherapy over 5 months and mediastinal radiotherapy to a dose of 40 Gy in 15 fractions over 3 weeks. Three months after completion of her chemoradiotherapy, she developed irritating persistent cough. Computed tomography examination demonstrated a large tracheoesophageal fistula at the distal end of the stent (Fig. 1B) with bilateral consolidation due to aspiration. The fistula was bypassed by a 20/30 mm carinal Y Nitinol stent (Micro-Tech Europe, Nanjing, China; Fig. 1C) across the carina but the patient died due to worsening of acute respiratory distress syndrome. Iatrogenic tracheoesophageal fistula can be a fatal complication of endobnting, especially in patients having chemoradiotherapy. Papworth Hospital NHS Trust, Papworth Everard, Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom. Disclosure: The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Address for correspondence: Deepa Gopalan, MBBS, MSC, MRCP, FRCR, Papworth Hospital NHS Trust, Papworth Everard, Cambridgeshire CB23 3RE, United Kingdom. E-mail: email@example.com Copyright © 2009 by the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer ISSN: 1556-0864/09/0412-1572


When is the impact of a sloping base large enough to justify more complex models for an unconfined aquifer? The intuitive answer that "it depends on the magnitude of the slope" is not wholly correct. Using recent mathematical results (the Lambert W function), we explicitly solve the simple sloping base problem. This explicit solution offers insights beyond those possible using Dupuit's, Polubarinov‐Kochina's, Harr's, Child's, and others' implicit solutions. Specifically, it shows that the impact of the sloping base is best characterized by the saturated thickness divided by the change in base elevation, not by the slope.


In this paper, the buckling analysis of circular, solid and annular functionally graded thin plates under uniform radial compression loads is studied. The material properties through the thickness are assumed to be power functions of the thickness. Moreover, the stability equations based on the classical plate theory (CPT), are derived by using the Hamilton 's principle. The obtained coupled-PDEs are difficult to be used for evaluation of the buckling loads of annular plates with various boundary conditions. To resolve this difficulty, a coordinate transformation from the middle plane to a new position is done and as consequence the equations are decoupled. By using the forgoing equations, the buckling loads are determined. The procedure is done for both circular and annular FGM plates of various boundary conditions under uniform radial loads on the edges and the results are validated with one of references. Key Words: Buckling analysis; solid plate; annular plate; functionally graded materials. DOI: 10.3329/jme.v41i1.5357 Journal of Mechanical Engineering , Vol. ME 41, No. 1, June 2010 7-14


In the present work the textural properties of onion, fresh and after freeze-drying, were studied, to understand how this drying treatment influences the texture of this food product. The fresh product had an average moisture content of 90.02 % and the freeze-dried onion had a moisture content of 5.19 %. From the TPA to the fresh samples and to the freeze-dried samples it was possible to conclude that the hardness of the onions decreased very much from the fresh to the dried state. A similar behaviour was observed for the chewiness, which also decreased, but in a much less extent. On the other hand, cohesiveness increased slightly with drying. In relation to springiness, this property was not affected from drying, being the value in the fresh state quite similar to the value in the freeze-dried state.


. In this paper, the Author gives an account of the French perspective on the debate between an "individualist" and a "communitarian" conception of liberty. He argues that, despite the dominant tendency within recent French political philosophy to assume that the individualist conception of liberty is the only truly modern form of liberty, communitarian principles are present within the Enlightenment tradition. He demonstrates the inadequacies of the individualist approach in an analysis of Rawls, and also rejects the type of communitarianism developed by MacIntyre, which depends upon a substantive concept of the community. With reference to theories of communication, he describes how we can elaborate a cornmunitarian approach to individual freedom.


Urban mobility, especially in Metropolitan Areas has drawn the attention of scientists for many decades. As increasing volumes of urban data are captured and become available, new opportunities arise for data-driven analysis that can lead to improvements in the lives of citizens through evidence-based decision support systems and policies. Sensing and wireless networking technologies are increasingly deployed in transportation systems due to the fact that they provide updated and reliable information. In this study, Taxi demand profiles are monitored from data that offer the real-time occupancy status and Global Positioning System (GPS) location for three taxi fleets, during the New Year's day. This dataset provides rich spatiotemporal information about customers demand and their mobility patterns. However, analyzing these data presents many challenges. The data are complex, containing geographical and temporal components in addition to multiple variables associated with each trip. Despite all these, real-time information gives us the opportunity to export variety of `heatmaps', providing evidence relating to the mobility of the day. Furthermore, the conclusions of this study should help improve coordination of taxi services quality and increasing taxi fleet utilization.


ABSTRACT The modern sport of athletics emphasizes its 'Olympian' ideals and its origins in the public schools, universities and amateur clubs of the late Victorian era. Ironically for a sport that has so successfully commercialized itself and boasts many highly paid professionals, its debt to its predecessor, pedestrianism, the name for running for money, has been relatively neglected. Pedestrianism was a major sporting interest and an abiding part of popular culture in the nineteenth century. This paper, using the example of the West Midlands, traces how the sport adapted itself to urbanization and the leisure industry, encompassed disciplines as varied as sprints and walks of a thousand miles, how it was involved in the growth of the specialist sporting press, pioneered sports arenas and, not least, provided opportunities for female athletes.


The purpose of this study was to analyze the architectural planning characteristics of street environment around the main gate of Chungbuk National...


thought to have invented his evidence rather than found it. Freud apparently copied his ideas for the mechanisms of defence from Nietzsche, seriously misinterpreted his own data, and misrepresented his alleged rejection by his contemporaries. McHugh's book will survive attacks by analysts that have already begun and Canadian readers can enjoy his writing as a superb account of the false memory moral panic by one who was greatly instrumental in ending it.


In this paper, we establish the existence of at least four distinct solutions to an elliptic problem with singular cylindrical potential, a concave term, and critical Caffarelli-Kohn-Nirenberg exponent, by using the Nehari manifold and mountain pass theorem.


The novels of Thomas Hardy (1840-1928) are rightly considered both rich and complex in themes and characters, having the inherent potential to be evaluated and re-evaluated in accordance with emerging standards of literary criticism. This paper builds on the aforementioned qualities, contending that the existence of archetypal pattern in Hardy's art of characterization brings to limelight his affinity with psychologists, particularly Freud and Carl Jung. Though these 'archetypes'i exist in both male and female characters, our focus here is on exploring and analyzing these unconscious complexes with particular reference to women. These complexes have been presented here as the motives due to which they behave in a particular way and which render them as a markedly distinct species in the works of art and worlds of literature, probably in line with their actual roles in life.


The article presents the issues of repair works in a multi-family residential building, whose structural and non – structural elements have been damaged and destroyed by a gas explosion and the fire. Gas explosions in residential buildings constitute a small percentage of the total number of building disasters, however, due to the relatively large number of injured people, these incidents are very dangerous [1]. Moreover, the gas explosion often leads to significant material losses and fatalities. Proper assessment of the load-bearing structure after such incident requires an extensive knowledge of the behaviour of structures. The first authority, that issues a decision regarding further use is Construction Supervision Inspector. Until the demolition of the object is ordered, the next step is to provide expert report made by an authorized construction expert, whose aim is to assess the technical condition of the elements of the structure and to determine the scope of necessary repair works. Construction expert, who give such opinion during the assessment of objects immediately after such incident, often has limited access to structural elements, moreover these elements often are covered. Hence, the recommendations contained in these reports often do not include all of required construction works.


Recent studies indicate that cardiac transfer of adult stem cells can have a favorable impact on tissue perfusion and contractile performance of the infarcted heart. Several cell sources are being explored in an effort to regenerate infarcted myocardium, including hematopoietic stem cells, endothelial progenitor cells, cardiac resident stem cells, bone marrow–derived multipotent stem cells, and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Each of these cell types may have its own profile of advantages, limitations, and practicability issues in specific settings. Studies comparing the regenerative capacity of distinct cell populations are scarce. Most clinical investigators have therefore chosen a pragmatic approach by using unselected bone marrow cells that contain different stem cell populations. Basic scientists, by contrast, are focusing more on specific cell populations in a quest to understand the biological foundations of cell therapy and to identify the most promising stem cells for cardiac regeneration.1

See p 214

MSCs are a rare population of self-renewing, multipotent cells present in adult bone marrow. Although MSCs represent <0.01% of all nucleated bone marrow cells, they can be readily expanded in vitro. In defined culture media, MSCs differentiate into several mesenchymal cell lineages, including cardiomyocytes.2,3 When injected into normal adult myocardium, MSCs differentiate into cardiomyocyte-like cells with sarcomeric organization.4 In an earlier study in pigs with myocardial infarction (MI), MSCs grafted into the infarcted area were shown to express muscle-specific markers and to improve regional wall motion.5 Ease of isolation, high expansion capability, and cardiomyogenic potential have led to the proposition that MSCs may be a good choice for cell-based therapies of MI.6

In a report published in this issue of Circulation , Dai et al7 have …


The river reach roughness is a important parameter for calculating reservoir and hydropower station backwater and determining submerge and move line. Using the Jingnan hydropower station for example, by analyzing the river reach roughness features, the water level roughness relation of all river reach were built for backwater calculation and it is able to be taken for reference of the similar hydraulic calculation and river water surface curve analysis.


This paper presents a new routing protocol which is dedicated for Smart Grid communication solution. This protocol is an adaptation of the flooding protocol, which was needed to work in the point-to-point transmission mode. The presented protocol is intended for the same hardware solution as in sensor networks but with a dif- ferent approach to the energy efficiency, it is why this protocol was called energy greedy quasi-flooding. The presented protocol can be used in the communication network independently from a media type.