The present invention relates to a process for the direct electrolytic refining of copper scrap. Stainless steel frame as the anode, placed in an anode box directly mixed copper electrolysis, the electrolysis selected charging mode and the control parameters, so that the stainless steel anode frame from electrochemical corrosion. The method can be employed directly in the electrolytic refining of copper scrap copper content of more than 60%, thereby producing an electrolytic copper quality in line with GB-466-64 standard, a copper recovery of 95% or more, average anode current efficiency of about 99%, the average cathodic current efficiency of about 97%. The same, compared with the current efficiency in fire, and lower total energy consumption is about 30%, non-melting, casting copper burning step.


One of England's largest foundation trusts is on track to save more tha£800,000 through a pioneering online training scheme for nurses.


The market of air transport industry has changed rapidly during the past decade. The airlines spread the business activities with different competition differently with the past by deregulation, progress of the freedom of air transport, new entrance of low cost carriers. It became important task to have intimate relationship with loyal customers in order to gain foothold in the market under non?price competition. It will lead to raise customer satisfaction by offering customized service and improving loyalty by forming close connection with customer. And this will strengthen market by maximizing lock?in effect. In this perspective, Customer Relationship Management will provide opportunity to gain new competitiveness toward airlines. To fulfill Customer Relationship concept in the market it is essential to analyze customer information. Especially, analyzing customer`s loyalty and customer`s life value will provide the basis of differentiated and customized service and customer satisfaction. In this paper, we would like to derive main factor (independent variable) which influence towards airline`s individual customer value and analyze the factors influence towards airline`s customer value(dependent variable). In addition, we will proceed to analyze the difference of customer values among customer groups and to establish business activity strategy for differentiated customer groups.


This paper deals with the way the goddess(es) of ancient Crete and Greece are imagined and reappropriated in the feminist spirituality movement. It offers an overview over the different metamorphoses of these ancient goddesses in the twentieth century, and takes a closer look at the goddess-related work of Carol P. Christ.


The reliability and EMC of the computer control parts in the industrial applications is analyzed and the key points for selecting parts is introduced.


Once an installation has determined that it would be advantageous to be able to internally identify the contents of each reel of tape on hand and to be able to check those identifications by programming, consideration is given to a Tape. Labeling Routine. The parameters of such a routine are limited only by the inventiveness of the programmers of the installation as they request (and frequently demand) that the label on the tape contain block counts, can numbers, pass tallies, messages, reminders, first names, last names, number of tape inches available, security classifications, unit the tape is to be mounted on, and hundreds of other "necessary" pieces of data which will serve to illustrate the complexity of data processing. The routine which is to translate these labels is oftentimes encumbered with brilliant formulas which enable it (if it can ever be completely debugged) to manipulate the information and make decisions of astounding magnitude. What little core memory space remains is then used to process the data in the file which the label identified.


A polyimide mask is used as an undercoat for a standard resist material during the patterning of an underlying thin film layer by plasma etching. The polyimide mask can withstand the conditions of reactive ion (plasma) etching so that it can be used as a protective coating when the thin film is subtractively etched by the plasma etching. The polyimide is particularly useful in processes using either positive or negative electron beam lithography which require sensitive resists.


It provides a method and system for transmitting an electromagnetic signal. Providing a first data signal comprises transmitting the first data, the second data signal the data signal and the third data signal transmitted third data transfer of the second data. Means for transmitting one or more polar line two orthogonal antennas to transmit the first data signal and an inverted signal of the first data signal, to maintain its inverting relationship propagates. Further transmitting means so as to surround the first data signal transmission lines of the polar axis of rotation of 45 degrees to transmit the second data signal. Further transmitting means to said second data signal and the quadrature signal thus offset from the first data lines the polarity of ± 45 degrees to transmit the third data signal. A first data signal or a plurality of receiving stations for receiving the transmitted, the inverted signal of the first data signal, said second data signal and the third data signal.


We would like to thank Drs Lowenthal, Shah, and Bernstein for their interest in our study.1 We agree that there is emerging evidence that serum brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels may be lower in patients with single-ventricle physiology compared with those with biventricular physiology.2,3 In the Pediatric Carvedilol Trial, patients were classified as having congenital heart disease or cardiomyopathy, and ventricular morphology was characterized by the echocardiography core laboratory as a systemic left ventricle (LV) or a systemic non-LV. No further anatomic …


A method that the mobile station receives the control channel in a wireless communication system is disclosed in the present application. More specifically, the method comprising: receiving control information including information about the transmission mode and the antenna port number for the control channels from the base station through the broadcast channel; And characterized by including the step of: based on said control information, receiving the control channel.


... there is one point which has delayed the right conception and understanding of the evolutionary process for a long time. This was the idea that the older the morphological age of the human form is, the more it must approach the living anthropoids. This conclusion did not take into account that the big apes, too, must have undergone essential changes during the same period of time in which man evolved. WEIDENREICH, Apes, Giants, and Man, Chicago, 1946, p. 11/12. CONTENTS Introduction . . . 175 Homo sapiens L. subsp . . . 182 Pongo pygmaeus palaeosumatrensis nov. subsp . . . 187 Incisors . . . 188 Canini . . . 199 Premolars . . . 208 Molars . . . 229 Milk dentition . . . 264 The prehistoric orang-utan population . . . 269 Pongo pygmaeus (Hoppius) subsp. from the Pleistocene of Java . . . 272 Pongo pygmaeus weidenreichi nov. subsp. from the Pleistocene of S. China . . . 280 Summary; the evolution of the dentition of Pongo pygmaeus (Hoppius) . . . 284 INTRODUCTION Man's natural interest in his nearest relatives has built up an enormous


The interaction of organotin(IV) moieties SnIVR2 and SnIVR3(R = Me, Et, Bun, C8H17 or Ph) with calf thymus deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) has been studied. The experimental conditions have been determined for the formation of condensates SnIVR2– and SnIVR3–DNA by the reaction of ethanolic organotins [SnR2Cl2(EtOH)2 and SnR3Cl(EtOH)], as well as aqueous SnIVMe3 species, with aqueous DNA. The nature of the condensates has been investigated by 119Sn Mossbauer spectroscopy. The species SnEt2(DNA phosphate)2 and SnR3(DNA phosphate)(R = Me or Et) have been assumed to occur, where the environment of the tin atoms would be trans octahedral and trigonal bipyramidal respectively. In the reaction with aqueous DNA of SnR2Cl2(EtOH)2 and SnR3Cl(EtOH)(R = Bun, C8H17 or Ph), stannoxanes (SnR2Cl)2O and hydroxides SnR3(OH) would form too, being possibly the main reaction products for the moieties SnIV(C8H17)2, SnIV(C8H17)3 and SnIVPh3. Possible bonding situations have been advanced for SnIVRn–DNA condensates, involving e.g. two vicinal phosphodiester groups (from the DNA double strand)cis-co-ordinated giving an octahedral geometry, as well as a phosphodiester residue axially binding SnIVR3 to give a trigonal-bipyramidal structure.


1 Department of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia 2 Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia 3 School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia 4 Clinical Center "Bezanijska kosa", Belgrade, Serbia 5 Institute of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia


In this study we used the daily activity pattern and use of space as indicators of change in the program of structural enrichment, implemented with 2 subjects of the species Ursus arctos in the Barcelona Zoo. We collected 930 sampling points in each study phase for each of the individuals: The samples were taken in a balanced way at different times of day. We observed a wider range of behavior in the male than the female. With respect to the indicators, we observed statistically significant differences in behavior in both individuals in the 2 study phases. Both individuals showed an increase in vigilance, maintenance, and inactivity when their enclosure was changed. In terms of the subjects' well-being, we considered the percentage of stereotyped behavior within acceptable limits. The percentage of activity observed in the male was very similar to that of individuals of this species in the wild. In terms of the use of space, we observed homogeneity only in the male during the enrichment program. The 2 individuals responded in different ways to the structural enrichment.


The performance of integrated solar collectors with glass cover is compared with the flat solar collectors (employing pumping and thermosyphon circulation) i...


The yellow leaf curl disease caused by a geminivirus is a serious problem to the pepper plantations in Indonesia. The epidemic of the disease which started in 2000 is assumed to have a relationship with the vector activities, that is, tobacco whitefly (Bemisia tabaci Genn.). Basic studies was carried out to elucidate the characteristics of pepper yellow leaf curl virus (PYLCV) transmission by its vector, B. tabaci. It was found that a single whitefly was able to transmit the virus to chili pepper. The insect vector could transmit the virus in a persistent manner, but it is not transovarially transmitted. Acquisition and inoculation feeding period of the whitefly to transmit the virus was identified to be optimum in the range of 3 to 6 hours. The virus needs at least 9 hours in the vector to complete latent period, while the retention period is until the insect dies. The transmission efficiency will increase with longer acquisition and inoculation feeding period of the insect and a higher number of insects per plant. The female tobacco whitefly is more effective in transmitting the virus compared to the males.


Through analyzing the data of K,Li and B in the mining area of Lake Xitaijinair,the study results re- vealed the dynamic changes of K,Li and B and their seasons during early mining(from 2003 to 2004).The results show that the changes of contents of K,Li and B in lake brine mainly are controlled by the seasonal changes of sur- ficial runoff.Three elements' contents in underground brine during recovering are higher than those during mining. But their contents in pore brine are higher than those in intercrystalline brine and three elements'spatial differentia- tion are obviously different.Studies on the phase diagram suggest that the brine during recovering has arrived the step when the sylvite is precipitating.The brine in mining area is basically in stagnation and there was no signifi- cant correlation between water levels and three elements'contents in underground brine.The changes of K,Li and B in underground brine probably are due to the physical and chemical changes of brine itself.And in short time, mining action and surficial runoff can not evidently influence the elements'changes in hydrochemistry.


Loss of roosting sites is one of the main threats to bat populations and is heightened in species with highly specific roost requirements. Plecotus auritus is common, but in the decline in the UK and although there have been studies of its roost use in Scotland, little is known of its roost biology in the milder south-west of England. This study compared five internal and three landscape features of roosts in stone buildings with those of random and paired unoccupied buildings in Cornwall (UK) in order to determine the roost selectivity of the brown long-eared bat. Bats selected roosts mainly for their vicinity, and connection, to foraging habitat. Occupied buildings were thus more likely to be situated closer to deciduous woodland than random control buildings, and were connected through tree lines. Roosts were also found to have a roof space divided into more compartments than paired and random controls and no insulation These characteristics influence the building microclimate. These findings suggest that P. auritus is selective of its roosts both at the building and the landscape levels.


T he Drosophila gene Posterior Sex Combs (Psc) encodes a ring-type zinc finger DNA binding protein (Polycomb group) involved in negative regulation of expression patterns of the antennapedia and bithorax homeotic selector gene complexes, and hence maintenance of segmental determination. Similar sequences have been identified in Homo sapiens and Mus musculus. Psc interacts genetically with z, brm, Sce, mxc, Asx, and several other genes. Mutations in Psc generate malformations of the longitudinal tracts. (from SWISS-PROT P35820, FlyBase 0005624, and NCI) Qeios · Definition, February 8, 2020


Benzyltriphenylphosphonium peroxymonosulfate 1 could be used for oxidation of sulfides 2 and thiols 4 to their corresponding sulfoxides 3 and disulfides 5 under solid-phase conditions.


The present invention discloses a method and system for resource scheduling, the base station (BS) and a relay node (RN). This, BS is in the uplink sub-frame and the allocation of the downlink sub-frame for performing the downlink transmission of the backhaul link, and the uplink subframes of the backhaul and downlink sub-frame for performing uplink transmission in the backhaul link notifies the allocation information to the RN, or the BS backhaul link of the uplink sub-frame or downlink sub-notify only RN allocation information of the frame and, RN is not BS a notification in accordance with a pre-defined with the received allocation information is the timing relationship it is determined that the uplink sub-frame and a downlink frame of the backhaul link. This is specified by the RN to the MBSFN subframe by the solutions of the invention, the uplink transmission collisions are avoided.


Genetic transformation is considered an important tool to be applied in citrus genetic improvement. However, transformation efficiency may vary according to several factors, including the genetic construction utilized. This work aimed to evaluate the transformation efficiency of 'Carrizo' citrange [Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf. x Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck], containing two different gene constructions including the uidA (GUS) gene controlled by the promoters Arabidopsis thaliana phloem protein 2 (AtPhP2) and Arabidopsis thaliana sucrose transporter 2 (AtSuT2). Epicotil segments from in vitro germinated seedlings were used as explants. The nptII gene, which confers resistance to the antibiotic kanamycin, was used in the constructions as a selection agent to regenerate transgenic plants. X-GLUC histochemical analysis was performed in all regenerated shoots in order to verify the expression of the uidA gene. From the 4790 epicotyl segments utilized, 366 shoots had a positive reaction in the histochemical analysis, and were further grafted on in vitro grown rootstocks. Five out of these shoots, from each gene construction, were selected to perform PCR analysis, with specific primers for uidA gene sequence amplification. All selected plants evaluated by PCR confirmed gene integration. Transformation efficiency and number of non-transformed shoots, evaluated by histochemical analysis, varied among gene constructions utilized


In the last years, Computer Graphics, Imaging Science and technical progress of the acquisition systems have filled incredible gaps becoming, year after year, always more integrated and giving important instruments in measurements processes.
In the last years even the computer process power have improved on the other side allowing to gain a more interdisciplinary use of the resources actually in the hand of Imaging Science.
The work that will be described in this thesis is a result of this process and have to be read in Imaging Measurement techniques evolution.
The field in the vanguard for the application of this new system is obviously the astronautic one where techniques and difficulties are more challenging and complex.
Scope of this thesis is the management of a new algorithm for the 3D reconstruction in the context of the BepiColombo mission, a cornerstone mission of the ESA, oriented to the study of planet Mercury.
Thanks to the interdisciplinary cohesion between ASI Italian Space Agency and INAF National Institute of Astrophysics the mission has given the possibility to obtain great results in the evolution of new methods for the imaging 3D reconstruction.
In the payload of BepiColombo mission there is the brand-new camera instrument STC Stereo Channel. A camera doted of a new design, and which demands new method for the data analysis in particular for the generation of a high resolution 3D characterization of the hermitian surface.
Principal contribution of the work presented in this thesis is, exactly, the description of a new algorithm for stereo reconstruction,the so called SIEM (Stereo Images Evolving Models),which want to be a weapon more adaptable and more extendible of the classical stereo-algorithm to balance the issues around the STC Stereo Channel design and the hermitian environments .
The attempt of this software is to use more kind of information beyond the stereo constraint using multiple integration of different branch of image analysis and computer graphics.
The first two introductive chapters are dedicated to a description of all the imaging knowledge used to the generation of this. The new algorithm is exposed in details in the Chapter 3, giving an idea of all the problems linked to the attempt to integrate branches so distant in a same pipeline process for the 3d reconstruction.
The versatility needed by the algorithm is obviously linked to the optical design of STC instrument.
Chapter 4 will describe the satellite context and the optical design of the instruments showing the problems around a so ambitious project which justifies the actual commitment in the project of the generation of a more robust and adaptable algorithm as the SIEM.
In Chapter 5 the SIEM will be described in detail. The main idea of the algorithm is to use the different information and hypotheses usable or definable in the context of a target-camera system. The algorithm is so described even in its informatics architecture defined to manage all the information at the same time.
In Chapter 6 tests for the validation of the algorithm are presented. In the last years the tests were performed in different contexts giving a strong help to the step evolution of the algorithm both from design and informatic point of view. A brief history of this tests actually still used for the choices linked to the paralleled evolution of STC camera will be so exposed.
On the side of this work will exposed some different application of the knowhow acquired during the CISAS(Interdepartmental Center for Space Studies and Activities) PhD.
Different toolboxes for image analysis were created in the last years of my PhD for the BepiColombo mission. Those toolbox were even used in different contexts as taxonomy in on-ground application and asteroid data analysis still in satellite field.
A pair of this application will be exposed in the seventh chapter.
An overall view of the work is given in a conclusive section together with highlights on the future programs.
Most of the results achieved in the present work have been shown in National and International Meetings in the context of ESA European Space Agency and have brought to publications in astronautic or imaging Journals.
My conclusion could be summarized in saying that a lot of job has been done: a publication for a new stereo algorithm snake based is an important goal reached but a lot of work has still to be done for a robust use of the algorithm; the iteration between this research and the actual needs in the STC on Ground Calibration pipeline will be a strong help for both the contexts: the complete integration of the method SIEM on one side and the validation of an instrument, so complex and challenging, on the other one.


Acid-catalyzed asymmetric allylation of 3-phenylpropanal 2a via an allyl-transfer reaction from a chiral allyl donor, (1R,2S,5R)-1-allylmenthol, gave (R)-1-phenylhex-5-en-3-ol 3b enantioselectively. The optical yield (ee)of (R)-3b, however, decreased with increasing chemical yield, and the chemical yield increased with increasing reaction time. The racemization takes place via an acid-catalyzed allyl-transfer reaction from (R)-3b to 2a.


Antiretroviral treatment(ART) has transformed HIV infection into a manageable chronic disease.It requires long-term treatment,and poor adherence may lead to failure of treatment,and as a result ART adherence is now considered crucial for a successful ART program.The paper reviews international and domestic studies on ART adherence and related impact factors,so as to provide information for further researches.


Many studies of food demand do not use actual prices but unit values, obtained by dividing expenditures by the quantity consumed. This can bias empirical analyses because unit values are not exogenous market prices; they reflect household food quality choices within each food category. This article develops a framework for assessing the resulting bias in income and price elasticities of demand and applies the framework to data for rural China. Empirical results indicate that households in rural China tend to consume higher-quality food as income increases, with a greater sensitivity to income for basic foods than for luxury foods. Copyright 2009, Oxford University Press.


A uranium alloy having small additions of Ti and Nb shows improved strength and ductility in cross section of greater than one inch over prior uranium alloy having only Ti as an alloying element.


3-Alkylated indoles, obtained from a three-component reaction of indole, aldehyde, and N,N-dimethylbarbituric acid, undergo an elimination-addition reaction with another indole molecule or heterocyclic nucleophile giving unsymmetrical diindolylmethanes or heterocyclic(indolyl)alkanes in the absence of a catalyst.


Developing maize genotypes that can perform well under drought is an important goal throughout the world and in Romania, too. It is known that drought tolerance is a complex trait making the search for efficient selection traits, breeding and screening methods difficult. In winter wheat, seedling tests under controlled conditions have been successful in predicting drought or heat tolerance, but similar results have not been enough reported in maize. In this respect, we tried to develop a simple screening method to evaluate drought tolerance of maize seedlings. The experiments were conducted in growth chamber. Eighteen maize genotypes were grown under drought stress induced by polyethylene glycol 10.000 (10% PEG 10.000, inducing an osmotic potential of - 0.30 MPa). Decreasing of leaf area, root length, root volume, and dry matter accumulation showed important metabolism disturbances of maize plants grown under water stress. The possibility of using certain physiological traits as screening criteria in breeding maize programs for drought tolerance is discussed.


The increasing concern expressed by building designers in Panama, due to new building-energy regulations, regarding sustainable development goals and energy efficiency, is leading architects to reanalyse their design strategies and evaluate the vernacular architecture. The main implications of the hot-humid climate characteristics stipulate that the need for cooling of indoor environments drives buildings' design and settlements. This work aims to assess the use of bioclimatic architecture strategies in three existing building typologies design in Panama, in terms of thermal comfort performance. The approach adopted here is to compare and analyse the vernacular architecture with current architecture. Besides, to evaluate bioclimatic architecture strategies based on recent investigations and the guidelines proposed by Givony, Olgyay, among others. A numerical assessment was performed on the dynamic simulation software DesignBuilder, where the building's passive strategies are evaluated in terms of operative temperature, relative humidity (rH), PMV, PPD, and discomfort hours (DH). All three houses, the HVA, HCA, and HRES were tested in three different locations within Panama City. Results showed that the strategies in HVA perform best for reducing rH levels, but the HRES performs best in overall thermal comfort performance, apart yet from the high rH levels encountered.


Abstract: This study examines the relationship between the mechanization and the business technical aspects of rice production in Nueva Ecija. The descriptive research method was used in this study to determine the relationship between the mechanical level and the business technical aspect of rice production. This study discovered that farmers only used a tractor for land preparation, and the results revealed that not all farmers use modern machinery for crop care and maintenance, such as an electric sprayer and a grass cutter for clearing the land. In terms of harvesting, the farmers used a harvester to harvest their crop but did not transport the cavans by using truck and the significant relationship between mechanization level and business technical aspects in terms of land preparation, calculated r-value of (0.75) and interpreted as High positive correlation, but the resulting p-value (0.333814) is greater than the critical value of 0.05, revealing that there is no significant relationship between mechanization and business technical aspects. It is due to the farmers' lack of mechanized equipment. As a result of the findings, the researchers advise farmers to use mechanized equipment in order to perform well and increase rice production.


The main objective of this special issue is to portray the diverse efforts made in the application of evolutionary computation techniques, or related methods, to aerospace problems. The issue collects articles, written by researchers from around the globe, for a stimulating and synergetic discussion on recent advances in evolutionary methods for the solution of aerospace problems.


BACKGROUND
Informal carers (carers) support palliative patients to live at home. Most palliative patients require bladder and bowel care (B&BC) at some point, but there is limited evidence about carers providing B&BC and how best to support them.

AIM
To explore carers' experiences of providing B&BC to life-limited young adults.

METHODS
Interpretative phenomenological analysis of five interviews with purposively selected carers.

RESULTS
One overarching theme, 'It is what it is', and three superordinate themes ('Whatever my daughter needs', 'Mum knows best', and 'Coping with caring') emerged. While B&BC could be challenging at times, it was not a major concern. Instead it engendered closeness and opportunities for carers to provide better care than they felt professionals could.

CONCLUSIONS
This study informs how professionals should understand the support carers offer. Professionals should ensure that carer/patient dyads who wish to manage B&BC are supported to do so, and that their support needs are regularly assessed.


We consider schemes which gear service on concessional debt to export earnings and oil import expenditures. The schemes operate by accelerating and retarding debt repayments, and are structured as overlays in which existing debt contracts are augmented by a set of floating for fixed swaps, where the swap prices are defined in terms of the world prices of the export commodities. We analyze the effectiveness of schemes through counterfactual simulation of the debt service of ten moderately or highly indebted commodity-dependent African economies. The results are mixed. The schemes do ease the debt service burden and can also offset the variability of export earnings but only to a limited extent. The explanation for this mixed performance is that changes in export earnings are not highly correlated with changes in world commodity prices – both because of differences between world prices and the prices obtained by individual exporters, and because of quantity variation.


Shale gas has been considered as an unconventional resource to date due to economics and technical challenges encountered. Under current circumstances, shale gas has and is receiving increasing attention as it is being quickly known as a viable energy resource. Countries who have been out of the energy game so far have an opportunity to be key players in the same industry. Current enhancement in technology and improved methods for fracking have proven that recovering shale gas is a viable and economically sound option in this century.


Gas Chromatograph Mass Spectrometer was used to evaluate the efficiency of CO2 sequestration by the blue green algaSpirulina platensis in a closed photobioreactor cascade.It was found that Sp.platensis culture emitted large quantity of CO2 in the first a few days of the experiments,and then started CO2 sequestration process.The emission of CO2 was,presumably,caused by the combination of high concentration of NaHCO3 and a pH value below 10.During the CO2 sequestration process,the single photobioreactor only assimilated ~40% of atmospheric CO2.Sp.platensis grew normally in this photobioreactor cascade with an average productivity of 0.14g/L/d.The technology method provides a theoretical basis for purifing a high concentration of CO2 in the coal-fired industries,and it can also achieve a high economic value of Spirulinaproducts.Therefore,CO2 sequestration by Spirulinais of great significance in the energy industry,environmental protection and recycling economy.


How many NHS managers does it take to change a light bulb? The answer, according to a growing band of politicians, media observers and doctors, is far too many at present.


The invention discloses a method for carrying out a switching exercise of a multiplexing section ring. The method is characterized in that the multiplexing section ring requiring the switching exercise selected by a user can be received; the received multiplexing section ring requiring the switching exercise can be stored in a first data structure; when the first data structure is used to store the multiplexing section ring, the multiplexing section ring can be extracted from the first data structure, and can be used as the multiplexing section ring of the current switching exercise, and all of the network elements of the multiplexing section ring of the current switching exercise can be stored in second data structures corresponding to the multiplexing section ring of the current switching exercise; when at least one of the second data structures is used to store the network elements, one network element can be extracted from the second data structures used for storing the network elements, and can be used as the network element for the current switching exercise. The invention also provides an electronic device used for the switching exercise of the multiplexing section ring. The efficiency and the accuracy of the switching exercise of the multiplexing section ring can be improved, and the omission of the network elements can be prevented.


Unlike most published reports of conferences, which tend to be uneven in quality, I found the style and content of the writings in this book to be of a uniformly high quality (with two minor exceptions). This is not surprising given that most of the contributors are well known authors in the field of psychoanalysis whose writings are noted both for their originality and their clarity of expression. The book is organized logically. It has no obvious typographical or production errors and has an excellent bibliography. The first chapter, by Sandler and Perlow, deals with internalization and externalization, followed by Sandler's in-depth discussion of projective identification. If I were asked by a colleague or a psychiatric resident who was dealing with a transference-countertransference impasse with a borderline patient for a short reference list on projective identification, I would first refer them to Klein's original article, to the chapters by Joseph and by Kernberg and then to this chapter by Sandler. Sandler's discussion of projective identification is divided into background information on the concept and its development in psychoanalytic thinking (in three parts). Sandler points out that the original concept, formulated by Melanie Klein in 1946, was understood to involve strictly intrapsychic processes. Over the years it has been expanded, with Bion's contribution, to include the idea of the "container" and the "contained", which is much more than the originally postulated intrapsychic processes and their accompanying unconcious fanatasies. A chapter by William Meissner entitled "Projection and Projective Identification", follows the chapter by Sandler. Meissner criticizes the expansion of Klein's original term and favours restricting the concept to situations involving a psychotic process. For most situations, he does not think that the concept adds to our clinical or theoretical understanding that could not be explained more simply by the twin processes of projection and introjection. In addition, he emphasizes the need to bear in mind the distinction between a one-body context and a two-body context. For Meissner, discussions of projective identification can lead to considerable confusion between events occurring in one mind (i.e. intrapsychic event) and events occurring between two minds (i.e. interpersonal). The next contribution is from the well known British psychoanalyst, Betty Joseph. This chapter contains a convincing description of the clinical applications of projective identification with three different patients, one of them a child. As Joseph comments, since its introduction, projective identification has been "welcomed, argued about, the name disputed, the links with projection pointed out, and so on; but one aspect seems to stand out above the firing line, and that is its considerable clinical value." Sandler acknowledges that Joseph demonstrates both the clinical value of projective identification and the fact that the concept could have different meanings depending on clinical usage. It is not one process but rather a "constellation" of processes in which one sees different aspects at different times. In his contribution entitled "Projection and Projective Identification: Developmental and Clinical Aspects," Kernberg defines projective identification as "a primitive defence mechanism consisting of (a) projecting intolerable aspects of intrapsychic experience onto an object, (b) maintaining empathy with what is projected, (c) attempting to control the object as a continuation of the defensive efforts against the intolerable intrapsychic experience, and (d) unconsciously inducing in the object what is projected in the actual interaction with the object." With typical precision Kernberg illustrates his theoretical conceptualisations through well chosen clinical examples to demonstrate the differences between projection and projective identification in neurotic and in more primitive personality structures. The remaining two chapters in the book are "Projection, Identification and Projective Identificaticn: Their Relation to Political Process" by Rafael Mosesand and "Dybbuk Possession and Mechanisms of Internalization and Externalization: A Case Study" by Yoram Bilu. They are interesting, but for the average reader with a clinical background they are not as useful as those of the other contributors. After each of the chapters by Meissner, Joseph, Kernberg and Moses there is a separate companion chapter with a verbatim account of the discussion from the other panellists and audience at the original conference. In addition, there is a final chapter containing a report of the concluding discussion of the conference. I found the content of these discussions interesting, but I wonder whether the average reader would not find some of the details of the discussions tedious and repetitious. In summary, I highly recommend this book to any psychiatrist dealing with patients suffering from character pathology. Every psychiatrist should have an understanding of the ways in which such patients communicate in clinical and therapeutic situations. A grasp of the concept of projective identification is essential to such an understanding. This book may not contain the last word about projective identification but in one slim volume the reader will find an up-to-date, comprehensive and authoritative opinion on Melanie Klein's complex and valuable concept.


Th e spatial insurance hypothesis predicts that intermediate rates of dispersal between patches in a metacommunity allow species to track favourable conditions, preserving diversity and stabilizing biomass at local and regional scales. However, theory is unclear as to whether dispersal will provide spatial insurance when environmental conditions are changing directionally. In particular, increased temperatures as a result of climate change are expected to cause synchronous growth or decline across species and communities, and this has the potential to erode the stabilizing compensatory dynamics facilitated by dispersal. Here we report on an experimental test of how dispersal aff ects the diversity and stability of metacommunities under warming using replicate two-patch pond zooplankton metacommunities. Initial diff erences in local community composition and abiotic conditions were established by seeding each patch in the metacommunities with plankton and sediment from one of two natural ponds that diff ered in water chemistry and species composition. We exposed metacommunities to a 2 ° C increase in average ambient temperature, crossed with three rates of dispersal (none, intermediate, high). In ambient conditions, intermediate dispersal rates preserved diversity and stabilized metacommunities by promoting spatially asynchronous fl uctuations in biomass, especially between local populations of the dominant genus, Ceriodaphnia . However, warming synchronized their populations so that these eff ects of dispersal were lost. Furthermore, because the stabilizing eff ect of dispersal was primarily due to asynchronous fl uctuations between populations of a single genus, metacommunity biomass was stabilized, but dispersal did not stabilize local community biomass. Our results show that dispersal can preserve diversity and provide stability to metacommunities, but also show that this benefi t can be eroded when warming is directional and synchronous across patches of a metacommunity, as is expected with climate warming.


We prove that for X Є  ǀ E ǀ, E elementary topos, the following properties are equivalent: (a) X is K-finite, (b) for every upper semilattice B, the diagonal B → B X has a left adjoint.


The Canadian Wildlife Service, Quebec region, of Environment Canada tested a multiscale object-based classification method on two test sites using satellite images to map wetlands in the context of the Canadian Wetland Inventory (CWI). The objective of this study was to assess the method most adapted for the Canadian inventory program to map five wetland classes (bog, fen, swamp, marsh, and shallow water), for a minimal geographical unit of 1 ha, from RADARSAT-1 and Landsat-7 enhanced thematic mapper (ETM) data. The top-down object-based classification selected was based on the Canadian Wetland Classification System and identifies quickly and precisely the ecologically meaningful polygons of wetlands. Validation was done on two levels: (i) between "other" versus "wetland" and (ii) between each class of wetland. Global accuracy values for the first level are greater than 80% for both test sites and about 76% and 67%, respectively, for the two sites for the second level. This approach is well adapted to wetland mapping on both the thematic and the spatial level.


The dataset contains of 21835 150x150 Pixel RGB images of the surface of Ball Screw Drives. 11075 of these images are images without surface defects whereas the rest shows images with surface defects in form of so called pittings. So the dataset is evenly split over the classes. Pittings result from surface disruption and can ultimately lead to the breakdown of the component. To keep the availability of machines high it is important to find surface defects in time. The here presented dataset gives researchers and practitioners the possibility to train and test models for the classification of surface defects on machine tool elements.


1. Dorokhov, R.N. and Guba, V.P. (2000), Somatic type and the existential characteristic of a developing organism", Collection, New methods of research in physical education and sports for children and young people, publishing house "IKA", Smolensk, pp. 20-26. 2. Ilyin, E.P. (2001), Differential psychophysiology, Science, St. Petersburg. 3. Nikityuk, B.A. (2000), Integration of knowledge in sciences about the person (Modern inte-grative anthropology), Sportakademklub, Moscow. 4. Sokratov, N.V., Korneva I.N. (2003), "Influence of choreographic art on health of children", Valeology, No. 1, pp. 10-13. 5. Tkachuk, M.G., Oleynik, E.A., Dyusenova, A.A. and Stradina M.S. (2010), "Interaction of feature of female sportswomen as selection criteria and productivity forecasting in different types of sports", "Urgent problems of sports and clinical anatomy": Materials of IV Int. Scientific Conf., Moscow, pp. 201-203. 6. Tkachuk, M.G., Dyusenova A.A. and Li Hyun Zhu (2004), "Interaction between morphologi-cal and psychological characteristics of athletes", "Modern aspects of fundamental and applied morpholo-gy": Materials of all-Russian scientific conference to the 100 anniversary from the date of birth of prof. M.G. Privesa, St. Petersburg, pp. 230-231.


Objective:To explore the effect of increase of delivery rate in hospital on decrease of mortality of pregnant and lying-in women and children aged less than 5 years old by carrying out mother-infant safety project, eliminating familial delivery and abolishing qualification of healthcenter without accouche requirements.Methods:The death of pregnant and lying-in women and children aged less than 5 years old were monitored according to《The death monitoring scheme of Chinese pregnant women》and《The death monitoring scheme of Chinese children aged less than 5 years old》, the death status before and after carrying out mother-infant safety project in Tangshan were analyzed with random cluster sampling.Results:The mortality of pregnant, lying-in women, neonates, infants and children aged less than 5 years old after carrying out the project respectively decreased 42.86%, 30.37%, 17.01% and 14.00% ( P 0.01) than those before carrying out the project.Conclusion:Carrying out mother-infant safety project and enhancing delivery rate in hospital should be the effective method for decrease of pregnant and lying-in women, infants and children aged less than 5 years old.


Efficient methods for the evaluation of collision, escape, and transmission probabilities in the flat-flux, isotropic approximation have been developed for various heterogeneous pin cells. The cells may be either cylindricalized or square with the moderator treated as either a single region or subdivided into the four segments between the diagonals. The conventional ``Flurig`` scheme by Carlvik is applied to the circular regions and to the four partial surfaces in the cylindricalized cases. For the noncircular regions and surfaces of the square-cell types, the numerical integration in both the radial and the angular direction is based on Gaussian quadrature. The mesh layout is designed with due regard to the directions to corners and vertices to avoid overlap between neighboring regions or surfaces. For rays outside the circular regions, the integration in the radial direction is performed analytically. Furthermore, the symmetry properties as well as the reciprocity and conservation relations are utilized to the maximum possible extent. Thus, high efficiency is achieved, requiring only a few mesh points in both directions as demonstrated by application to various test cases from the literature.


This research aim to described of management of Schools Aid Operational (BOS) in SD Negeri 01 Muara Pawan including of planning, execution, observation and evaluate, and also reporting of BOS. This Research use the approach qualitative by desain is case study. Research location in SD Negeri 01 Muara Pawan which is located in Ketapang-Sukadana street of Muara Pawan Subdistrict Ketapang Regency of West Borneo. Data Source in this research are headmaster, BOS bursar, school committee, and students parent. Data obtained by interview, observation of participle and documentation. Data was analyse through 3 activity path are reducing, data display, and verification.Result of data analysis obtained by node that management of Schools Aid Operational (BOS) in SD Negeri 01 Muara Pawan Kabupaten Ketapang as according to mechanism decanted in BOS guide-book covering planning element, execution, observation and evaluate, and also reporting of BOS fund.


Self-management education is a proven effective way of improving health status and lowering health costs in many chronic diseases such as arthritis, asthma, diabetes, congestive heart failure and mixed chronic diseases. 1-5 Why should it be different in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)? In a recent controlled trial where 248 patients were randomly allocated to either a self-management program or usual care, Monninkhof et al. failed to show measurable effects of the intervention on healthrelated quality of life, symptoms and walking distance in patients with moderate to severe COPD. In this issue of Chronic Respiratory Disease, they reported the economic evaluation of their self-management program.7 They were not able to show cost-effectiveness of their self-management intervention, which consisted of a skill-oriented patient education program, an action plan with short course of prednisolone and antibiotic, follow-up visits and a near-home fitness program. They concluded that self-management is not an efficient treatment option for moderate to severe COPD patients who rate their health-related quality of life relatively highly. These results contrast with those of a multicenter randomized trial8 that was able to demonstrate that a continuum of self-management including communication with a trained health professional over a year can significantly reduce hospitalizations (40%), emergency department visits (41%) and unscheduled physician visits (59%), and improve health status in patients with moderate to severe COPD. In this study, selfmanagement included skill-oriented teaching, an action plan with a customized prescription of antibiotic and prednisone to be used when the patient had exacerbations, monthly telephone follow-up and exercise teaching at home, although this program was not under the guidance of a physiotherapist. Self-management has come to have many meanings. When using the term to include all COPD patient education, we have only limited evidence about effectiveness. Some programs have focused only on specific components such as respiratory medications9 or stress management.10 Although these aspects of the treatment are important, the context of COPD is far more complex. In the present study, Monninkhof et al. 6 cannot be accused of being simplistic in their intervention, since the self-management program that they used addresses the complex physical, as well as the psychosocial needs of patients with advanced COPD. Another important limitation of much of COPD patient education is the poorly documented outcomes or the use of inappropriate outcome measures. Many studies assessing health status have used generic health-related quality of life questionnaires known to be less sensitive to change. 0-13 Other studies have used nonvalidated questionnaires.9'14 Monninkhof et al. have used appropriate outcome measures, including the St George Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), a well-validated diseasespecific health-related quality of life questionnaire. Why is replication of self-management effectiveness a problem in COPD? The two important studies alreadg mentioned, Monninkhof et al. 7 and Bourbeau et al. had different results and conclusions. Although they share similarities in their intervention and outcomes, they are different on other important 6 aspects. In the study by Monninkhof et al., patients in the control group received a standardized treatment for their exacerbation and could call the study office as needed. This upgrading of care could have reduced the chances of finding a treatment effect of the selfmanagement program. Between the two studies, patients were selected on a similar range of airflow obstruction. However, patients in the study by Monninkhof et al. had a relatively high baseline health status (SGRQ total score of 37-38/100) as compared to those in the study by Bourbeau et al. (SGRQ total score of 54-56/100). Consequently, health improvement in response to any intervention may have been limited. Also, the questionnaire may be less accurate than expected when it is used at the extremes of its scaling range.


In this editorial, I trace the events following the tragic and racist shootings that occurred at the A.M.E. church in Charleston, South Carolina on June 17, 2015. Drawing upon anti-racist scholars and musical activists, I make a case for getting political and for cultivating activism in our classrooms. I ask our field to critically reflect upon our participation in a system that advantages Whites. I suggest that one possibility to engage in dialogue around issues of race is to encourage an environment of musical creativity where—together with students—teachers study and write music that speaks to our times and addresses issues of social justice within our local communities and across the globe.


In some applications, such as image recognition or compression, segmentation refers to the process of partitioning a digital image into multiple segments. Image segmentation is typically used to locate objects and boundaries (lines, curves, etc.) in images. Image segmentation is to classify or cluster an image into several parts (regions) according to the feature of image, for example, the pixel value or the frequency response. More precisely, image segmentation is the process of assigning a label to every pixel in an image such that pixels with the same label share certain visual characteristics. The result of image segmentation is a set of segments that collectively cover the entire image, or a set of contours extracted from the image. Several image segmentation algorithms were proposed to segment an image before recognition or compression. Up to now, many image segmentation algorithms exist and be extensively applied in science and daily life. According to their segmentation method, we can approximately categorize them into region-based segmentation, data clustering, and edge-base segmentation. In this paper, we give a study of several popular image segmentation algorithms that are available. Keywords—Image Segmentation, hierarchical segmentation, partitional segmentation, density estimation.


Thin-fi lm multiphase fl ows are present in numerous tribological applications such as chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) and artifi cial hip joints. Traditionally, there have been two ways to model multiphase fl ows. The fi rst of these approaches is the Eulerian-Eulerian approach, in which the phases are modeled as interpenetrating continua. This approach is computationally effi cient but does not provide discrete particle locations. It has been applied to many engineering problems such as fl uidized beds. The other approach, known as the Eulerian-Lagrangian approach, treats the dispersed phase as individual particles interacting with a fl uid continuum. This approach, which typically uses the discrete element method (DEM) to model the particle phase, becomes computationally demanding, especially for high particle counts. The Eulerian-Lagrangian approach has also been applied to several engineering applications such as CMP and artifi cial hip joints. This work aims to produce a computationally fast, fi rst-order, Eulerian-Lagrangian multiphase fl ow modeling technique through the combination of computational fl uid dynamics (CFD) and lattice-based cellular automata (CA). Additionally, this work aims to demonstrate the tribological capabilities of this approach by extending it to perform wear analysis.


Body weight and adipose mass are thought to be tightly regulated by homeostatic mechanisms, in which leptin, an adipocyte secreted hormone, circulates in concentrations proportional to body fat content and thereby regulates body weight through hypothalamic pathways in a bi-directional manner. However, obesity has become global epidemic over the past several decades, despite of high circulating leptin levels among the obese population. This phenomenon was considered as a result of "leptin resistance" in the central nervous system. Intriguingly, recent evidences show that leptin is still functional under the obese condition, therefore the development of obesity is not due to "leptin resistance". To date, whether body weight is homeostatically regulated is still controversial. Recently, we found that Rcan2 regulated food intake via a leptin-independent pathway, and could promote a rapid weight gain in mice when fed with a high-fat diet, which provides a novel insight into the mechanisms of obesity epidemic.


Psychiatria Danubina, 2022; Vol. 34, Suppl. 1, pp 26-888 S522 psychological education management system. In view of this, this paper explores the guiding role of social psychology in college students' ideological and political education, and expands the educational object from students with psychological barriers to all students, so as to promote the development of college students' mental health education and ensure the scientization, standardization and systematization of modern ideological and political education. Objective: To explore the guiding role of social psychology in modern ideological and political education, in order to solve the common mental health problems of modern college students, so as to ensure the scientization, standardization and systematization of modern ideological and political education. Research objects and methods: 500 ideological and political students in our school were randomly divided into control group and experimental group, with 250 students in each group. The mental health problems of college students were measured with the mental health Self-Rating Scale (SCL-90), which includes 10 factors such as somatization, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, paranoia and anxiety. Each factor item is evaluated with a five-level scoring standard of 1-5 points. Among them, the control group adopted the conventional ideological and political teaching mode, and the experimental group implemented the ideological and political teaching mode based on social psychology for 6 months. The changes of mental health of college students in the two groups were compared and analyzed. Methods: SPSS22.0 statistical software was used to analyze the data. Results: Table 1 shows the changes of mental health of college students in the two groups after the implementation of the ideological and political teaching mode of social psychology. As shown in Table 1, compared with the control group adopting the conventional teaching mode, after the implementation of the social psychology ideological and political teaching mode, the improvement of students' mental health in the experimental group is more significant, and there is a statistical difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). Table 1. Changes of mental health status of college students in the two groups after 6 months of intervention (n=500) Project Control group (n=250) Experience group (n=250) P Somatization 2.35 1.28 0.00 Obsession 2.03 1.85 0.00 Sensitive 2.85 1.70 0.00 Depressed 2.65 1.51 0.00 Anxious 2.55 1.40 0.00 Hostile 2.51 1.45 0.00


Modern large scale multi-station manufacturing systems require effective variation reduction to improve the final assembly dimensional quality. One critical measure is to diagnose the fault in the process using knowledge-based root cause identification, which can be very challenging due to the complexity of the system. The paper investigates the need of data-driven fault localization to enhance the diagnosability within the context of multiple-fault scenario(s) in multi-station assembly processes where multivariate measurements are used. The paper proposes three types of fault-signal transmission in assembly system and illustrates the nature of structured noise. Moreover, the impact of structured noise on the diagnosability is illustrated on two major fault isolation methods, namely, Principal Component Analysis and Independent Component Analysis. We then propose to use data-driven fault localization to reduce the structured noise effect and enhance the diagnosability. A simulation case study based on automotive panel assembly model is provided to illustrate the impact of structured noise and the need for data-driven localization.© 2007 ASME


This paper studies the problem of jamming-resistant spectrum aggregation and access (SAA) for energy-efficiency (EE) cognitive radio communications. We consider various jamming behaviors, where jammers may attack all available channels with arbitrarily changing strategies over time, attack a subset of the channels at certain time slots, or have different intelligence, i.e., oblivious or adaptive adversary, and so on. Without any priori knowledge about the channels and jammers, it is very challenging to design an efficient and practical jamming-resistant SAA algorithm to reach the optimal EE goal. In this paper, we utilize the advanced martingale concentration inequalities in an multi-armed bandits-based online learning framework to facilitate the optimal detection of various jamming behaviors. We first define a novel EE model for discontiguous orthogonal frequency division multiplexing to facilitate scalable SAA over distributed spectrum pools in practice. Then, the jamming-resistant dynamic channel access problem is formulated as a regret minimization problem. Meanwhile, an online stochastic gradient descent with bandit feedback procedure is adopted to allocate the transmit power. The proposed algorithm can autonomously detect the environmental features and find a near-optimal solution in each attacking scenario. Our algorithm is implemented with low complexity and with multiple users under some practical jamming scenarios. Extensive numerical studies show that under some practical jamming scenarios, our algorithm has an EE improvement of 45.3% over a fixed learning period, and an improvement of 82.5% in terms of learning duration compared with existing approaches.


ABSTRACT HAMSTRING STRAINS ARE A COMMON SOFT TISSUE INJURY IN ELITE SOCCER. THE INJURY AND REINJURY RATES FOR THIS ARE HIGH, AND EFFICACIOUS PREVENTION STRATEGIES ARE YET TO BE STANDARDIZED. AFTER THE RESEARCH HEREIN, TRAINING MODALITIES EMPHASIZING HAMSTRING ECCENTRIC STRENGTH TRAINING PROGRESSING FROM LOW-VELOCITY TO HIGH-VELOCITY ACTIVITIES AND THE PREVENTION OF FATIGUE (I.E., CONDITIONING DRILLS) ARE RECOMMENDED.


We propose a deep floating guard ring (DFGR) structure which effectively prevents the curvature breakdown of a central junction in a planar InGaAs∕InP avalanche photodiode (APD). In order to investigate the DFGR APD performance, the dark current, photocurrent, and radial dependence of gain were measured and analyzed. In addition, the relation between breakdown voltage and multiplication layer thickness was calculated using a nonlocal history-dependent model. Reliable operation in the device center region was examined by measuring the radial gain. As a result, it has been confirmed that the DFGR is very useful for an APD with a very thin multiplication layer.


In Quebec, the use of post-fabrication asphalt shingles in pavement construction has been permitted since 2005. The percentage of asphalt shingles is limited to 3 percent by weight for surface courses and to 5 percent for base courses. In addition, the use of Stone Matrix Asphalt with a Nominal Maximum Aggregate Size of 10 mm (SMA-10) has recently been standardized in Quebec. MTQ Standard LC-4202 describes the mix design criteria for SMA-10, which usually contains asbestos fibres. An SMA-10 mix containing 4 percent post-fabrication asphalt shingles designed according to MTQ Standard LC-4202 has been characterized in the laboratory. The experimental study included testing for fatigue, rutting, low-temperature cracking, and complex modulus. The preliminary results show that asphalt shingles may successfully replace asbestos fibres in SMA-10 and reduce the percentage of virgin binder in the mix. In 2006, a test road section using SMA-10 with shingles was constructed on Autoroute 20 near Drummondville. After two years of service, the test section exhibits good behaviour based on various service criteria, such as rutting, cracking, ravelling, and weathering. This paper will present and discuss the results of the experimental work, including issues pertaining to mix design, production, construction, field observations, and measurements.


We attempt to take a journey with the guidance of his suggestions in a dynamic learning environment, Geogebra. Geogebra is a dynamic learning environment which allows users to create mathematical objects and to interact with these objects. The users of Geogebra, either teachers or students, can use this environment to explain, to explore, and to model mathematical concepts and the relationships between mathematical concepts, or mathematics in general.


This article reviews the main physical properties of atomically thin semiconductors and the electronic devices based on them. We start with graphene, describing its physical properties and growth methods, followed by a discussion of its electronic device applications. Then, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are analyzed as a prototype of atomically thin semiconductors, their physical properties, growth methods, and electronic devices are discussed in detail. Finally, non-layered semiconducting membranes with thicknesses ranging from a few nanometers to about 50 nm, and considered as counterparts of atomically thin semiconductors, are analyzed, and their applications presented.


Recently anthropologists concerned with the analysis of culture as a symbolic system have taken up the "self' as an important issue. They recognize the self as a cultural construct, expressed through symbols, images and metaphors that are socially shared and publicly communicated (Geertz 1974; Marriott 1976, 1980; Levy 1973; Rosaldo 1983). They have captured some of the underlying, organizing principles of such indigenous theories of the self, but have had difficulty in capturing the ambiguity and creativity of ongoing social processes, particularly in explaining how inconsistent concepts of the world and self are used, juxtaposed, and modified during social interaction. Anthropological studies of the self generally focus on the content, what linguists would call the referential meanings, of informants' accounts about themselves and their culturally organized world. The "self' that is referentially encoded, that is, the self that informants can explicitly talk about, can be understood as an indigenous theory, an ethnopsychology. Many of these studies of ethnopsychology imply an overall coherence of the culture and of the ex-


Abstract Conserving resources and reducing the volume of garbage that must be incinerated or stored in landfills through recycling has become a major priority for many communities. Educational campaigns are often used to inform the public and induce recycling behavior. However, research evaluating the success of these campaigns has focused primarily on recycling behavior and not on cognitive factors such as awareness or motivation which may precede or accompany the behavior. This study evaluated the effects of a recycling education campaign on residents' knowledge of recycling issues, motives to recycle, and recycling behavior. Residents of a Midwestern community were surveyed before and after implementation of a three‐year recycling education program. A comparison of pre‐ and post‐program survey results indicated that residents' knowledge of recycling issues was more accurate, their motives reflected greater concern for the environment, and their recycling behavior increased after the education campaign.


An accurate, inexpensive, small-orifice rain gage (modified Victor-rain gage) with an orifice diameter of 29.2 mm was developed for use in rainfall networks and in agrometeorological and hydrological studies. It has a large capacity and can be installed and read easily. Comparison with standard rain gages showed good agreement under various conditions of exposure and with different observation techniques. Small amounts of rainfall are likely to be overestimated, owing to a film of water adhering to the glass water container of the gage, whereas hail tends to be underestimated. If the gage is intended for storage, the funnel tube has to reach nearly to the bottom of the inner vessel.


The major of Internet of things is a rising and hot specialized field. Based on the architecture and educational mission of the Internet of things, the curricula and construction of the IoT major are discussed, and the course setting is proposed according to different directions. The progress of the IoT is improved.


through which academic librarians develop a cohesive identity. Previous research has shown that a professional identity is missing from the field of librarianship (Davis, Lundstrom, & Martin, 2011; Freedman, 2014; Walter, 2008). Often, librarians are viewed as caretakers of resources. In the past, this view of librarians was in keeping with the responsibilities of the job. Since Alexandria, librarians have housed, preserved, and made the written word available (Battles, 2003). With the advent of the Information Age, though, librarians' roles have evolved. Specifically, in higher education, the role of librarians has changed tremendously (Drabinski, 2016; Ellis, Rosenblum, Stratton, & Ames-Stratton, 2014). Today, as part of their job responsibilities, many librarians in colleges and universities teach (Bewick & Corrall, 2010; Davies-Hoffman, Alvarez, Costello, & Emerson, 2013). Despite librarians teaching for over 100 years, the past few decades have led to changes in the skills librarians instruct on and the type of educating librarians conduct (Walter, 2005; Warner & Seamans, 2004). Indeed, the teaching of information literacy skills is a main job requirement for many academic librarians (Houtman, 2010; Julien, Gross, & Latham, 2018). However, the responsibility of instruction is only one of the many roles librarians must adopt. The traditional job functions of collection manager and reference work remain a requirement for many academic librarians working today, and library schools still teach those traditional skills (Freedman, 2014; Westbrock & Fabian, 2010). Therefore, academic librarians struggle with their professional identity due to the numerous roles they must fulfill. Librarians use the services they provide as a marker of their professional identity and altering their professional persona is difficult because librarians are connected to their traditional work responsibilities (Freedman, 2014; Hicks, 2016; Zai, 2014). As a result, the adopted career characteristics of librarians does not always include the role of teacher, despite the fact that teaching is an important requirement for many academic librarians' jobs (Austin & Bhandol, 2013; Wheeler & McKinney, 2015). In this explanatory sequential mixed methods study of how involvement in SoTL impacted academic instruction librarians' teacher identity, the results aid in understanding the value of SoTL as a professional development tool and support the understanding of how involvement in SoTL affects professional identities. A deeper grasp of SoTL's impact on professional identities is a valuable outcome for the broad higher education community and more specifically for academic developers. Gaps still exist in the literature on how SoTL interplays with and influences educational development.


The current study evaluated the unique associations between three dimensions of emotional security in the family system (security, disengagement, and preoccupation) and problem drinking among romantically partnered males aged 18–30 years. The sample consisted of 49 males who were recruited with their partners as part of a broader study on substance behaviors. It was hypothesized that security in the family system (i.e., secure appraisals) would be negatively related to problematic drinking, whereas insecure appraisals (i.e., preoccupation and disengagement) would be positively related to problematic drinking. It was also hypothesized that living with a substance abuser during childhood would moderate family security–problem drinking associations. Regression analyses were used to test the hypotheses. Disengagement from the family system uniquely predicted higher levels of problematic drinking, accounting for participant age and partner drinking levels. Moderating results showed that the link between disengagement and drinking behaviors was significantly stronger among males who had lived in childhood with someone who abused substances compared to those who did not. The findings encourage consideration of family and romantic relationship contexts as future research and intervention targets for understanding problematic drinking behaviors in young adulthood.


W.'s method, which derives from his studies in the philosophical eclecticism of the late Hellenistic period in his classic monograph Philo (1947), yields interesting results. He feels that Origen adapted the Aristotelian categories of genus and species for the framework of divine substance (ousia) and person (hypostasis). And of the five types of union which he has discovered in philosophers of the early Christian period, he is convinced that the primary patristic model for the hypostatic union was (in his terms) the "union of predominance," the union which Aristotle mentions in De generatione and elsewhere in connection with the bond between bronze and tin, fire and wood, wine and water (p. 385). It should be recalled once again that W. has a valuable discussion of circumincession (pp. 418-28), set against the background of Stoic and Philonian doctrine, supplementing G. L. Prestige's treatment in God in Patristic Thought (1936). W.'s bold suggestion that the Holy Spirit in Pauline doctrine is to be identified with the pre-existent Logos (pp. 161-67) goes far beyond the obscurity and lack of development in Paul's Trinitarian doctrine as admitted, e.g., by J. Fitzmyer, S.J., in his account in the Jerome Biblical Commentary (Newark, 1969) pp. 810-14. The confusion, which is well known in Hermas and Arnobius, on the relationship between the Spirit and the Logos is extended by W. to Ignatius of Antioch, 1 and 2 Clement, and Barnabas. Despite the inevitable disagreements it will arouse, it must be confessed that the new Wolfson edition is a volume written with the author's usual care and attention to detail, with a wealth of supportive evidence, and every patristic scholar will profit from the author's sharp discussions and the broad background which he has brought to his task.


Background: Lichenoid tissue reaction/Interface dermatitis (LTR/ID) refers to a number of clinically diverse, poorly understood and relatively uncommon inflammatory skin diseases. This study was done to understand the histopathological features of lichenoid tissue reactions in skin biopsies and to assess the concordance and disparity between the clinical and histopathological diagnosis of variants of the same.Methods: It was a 3½ years study from January 2014 to June 2017 in the department of Pathology, KIMS, Hubballi. The present study included skin biopsies of clinically diagnosed and suspected cases and histologically diagnosed cases of LTRs. Skin biopsies received were routinely paraffin processed and H&E stained to study the microscopic features.Results: Out of 166 skin biopsies studied, 148 were histologically confirmed as LTR with majority being of lichen planus (LP) (91.22%). Classical lichen planus was the most common variant of lichen planus among lichen planus cases. Male:female ratio was 1.2:1. Clinico-pathological concordance was seen in 88.55% of the cases.Conclusions: Though definite diagnosis can be made on histopathological examination, size of specimen, site of biopsy, nature and depth of biopsy, quality of sections, treatment history and inter-observer variation (both clinically and histologically) should be kept in mind which may lead to clinicopathological discordance.


This paper takes the crank-rocker mechanism as the research object, purposed for the simulation of the motion pair with clearance utilizing the contact force model and the coulomb friction model, we build the virtual prototype of four-bar mechanism with clearance joints in the ADAMS. The article mainly contrasts the influence dynamics characteristics towards the mechanism multi-joint clearance between the rigid rocker and the flexible rocker. Considering the jointed arm's flexibility, the four, five and six order modal of the rocker, generated by ANSYS as a neutral document, were imported into ADAMS for simulation. The result shows that Mechanism with four joint clearance increased the impact on the speed and the acceleration appeared greater fluctuation, the flexible rod has a buffer effect to the contact-impact forces, and the dynamic characteristics of fluctuations are improved.


The development of faculty compensation in American institutions of higher learning has gone through the early stage with low income and the constant increase stage after World War II.Up to the year of 2000,the payment of an assistant professor had been equal to 97% of the income of the American middle-income families and 1.09 times as much as the average payment of American teachers in primary and secondary schools.Due to the correlation between American higher education and American society and economy,the development of faculty payment in American institutions of higher learning will be greatly affected by both the demand for higher education and the financial situation of American institutions of higher learning.


Email of the presenting author: firstname.lastname@example.com Fe and Fe-oxide nanoparticles have a series of promising potential applications in physical and medical sciences. These include magnetic storage devices, catalysis, sensing, contrast enhancement in magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic hyperthermia [1-3]. Understanding of the Fe-Oxide NPs reduction to metal and the oxidation processes down to atomic scale is paramount for the control of the quality and the optimization of their applications. A recently modified double aberration corrected JEOL 2200FS (S)TEM [4] has demonstrated the possibility of the analysis of metallic nanoparticles in gas environment at temperature allowing single atom visualisation by HAADF STEM in controlled gas reaction environment [5]. In this study, thin films of iron were deposited by sputtering on C films supported by standard TEM Cu grids as in Figure 1a). Nanoparticles were produced by annealing in-vacuum the films within the microscope column (pressure ~1.0 * 10-5 Pa) at temperatures from room temperature to up to 600 °C using an in-house designed Gatan heating holder (Fig 1b). Nanoparticle formation and size distribution was monitored in-situ as a function of time and temperature by HAADF STEM imaging. After annealing nanoparticles were shown to consist of single crystal metallic Fe, composition confirmed by EDX analysis. The Fe nanoparticle samples interaction with Hydrogen (Fig 2a) and Oxygen (Fig 2b) gases were studied in-situ at 300 °C with a differential pressure at the specimen in the range of 2.5-3.0 Pa. The interaction of the nanoparticles with the gases, as well as the substrate, will be discussed in terms of the changes in nanoparticle geometry, composition, size distribution, crystallinity and microstructural defects. Fe to FexOy phase change was identified by HAADF/BF STEM imaging, and EDX line scans (Fig 3). These show uniform Fe/O composition within each particle with comparable particle sizes, but complex morphologies for the metallic and the oxide phases. The mechanism is being developed with single atom sensitivity. References: [1] B D Terris and T Thomson, J. Phys. D 38, R199–R222 (2005) [2] H. Galvis et al. Science 335, 835–838 (2012) [3] Q A Pankhurst, N T K Thanh, S K Jones, and J Dobson, J. Phys. D 42, 224001 (2009) [4] P L Gai and E D Boyes, Microscopy Research and Technique 72, 153 (2009) [5] E D Boyes, M R Ward, L Lari, and P L Gai, Annalen der Physik 525, 423 (2013)


Hydrometeor type and Drop Size Distribution (DSD) in cloud are the fundamental properties that may help explain the rain formation processes and determine the parameters of radar meteorology. This study presents a preliminary analysis of hydrometeor types and DSD data of cloud measured with a PARSIVEL (PARticle SIze and VELocity) optical disdrometer at the site of Cloud Physics Observation System (CPOS, 37˚41′N, 128˚45′E, 843 m from sea level) in Daegwallyeong mountainside of Korea. The method has been validated by comparing the observed rainfall rates with the computed ones from the fitted distribution, using the physical data such as DSD, terminal velocity, and rain intensity which were measured by a Micro-Rain Radar (MRR) and a PARSIVEL optical disdrometer. The analysis period started in three cases: on rainy days with light rain (15.5 mm), moderate rain (76 mm), and heavy rain (121 mm), from March to November 2007, respectively.


Abstract We demonstrated an ultra-sensitive terahertz virus detection method combined with virus-sized gold nanogaps filled with Al2O3. Large-area high-density 20 nm-gap rectangular loop structures, containing a resonant frequency in the terahertz range, were fabricated on a 4-inch wafer using atomic layer lithography. When target viruses with a 60 nm diameter were located on the nanogaps, we observed a significant redshift of the resonant peak already with an average number of about 100 viruses per unit loop due to the strong field confinement and enhancement near the gap. Furthermore, when the virus was tightly attached to an etched gap like a bridge connecting metals, its sensitivity is doubled compared to the unetched gap, which resulted in 400% more resonance frequency shift per single virus particle than our previous work. Full-wave simulations and theoretical calculations based on modal expansions were in good agreement with the experiments, revealing that the resonant transmission spectrum was mostly determined by the change in refractive index in a two-dimensional-like optical hotspot near the nanogap. A further step could be taken to increase sensitivity by tuning nanogap-loops to the absorption frequencies associated with the intermolecular vibrational modes of the viruses and fingerprinting them as well.


We consider the Banach space consisting of real-valued continuous functions on an arbitrary compact metric space. We prove that for a prevalent set of functions in this space, the Hausdorff and packing dimensions of the image is as large as possible, namely 1. We then use this fact to obtain results on the prevalent dimensions of graphs of real-valued continuous functions on compact metric spaces. A particular case complements a result of Bayart and Heurteaux.


Humans are exposed to many physical or chemical genotoxic agents that can increase the probability of mutation. On the other hand, there are possible ways to prevent this effect. One of them is to prevent cellular injury by augmenting endogenous oxidative defences through the dietary intake of antioxidants such as vitamin C or vitamin E. Also olive oil has proved to have potent antioxidant properties. Several studies have been conducted during the last ten years to demonstrate the genotoxic effect of these environmental pollutants, and to investigate possible protective effects. In one of these studies, we investigated the mutagenic effects of two commonly used pyrethroid pesticides, cypermethrin and fenvalerateon, on bone marrow cells of adult male rats and the possible protective role played by olive oil and vitamin C. Results revealed that cypermethrin and fenvalerate induced a significant increase in the total number of chromosomal aberrations, and that more were observed with fenvalerate. Olive oil and vitamin C induced significant improvement of total aberrant cells at high doses (1/10 LD50). Aflatoxins contaminate many food products and are consequently of worldwide heath concern. Prevention of exposure to aflatoxins can be achieved either at community (via good agriculture practices) or individual levels (treatment or dietary interventions). Several trials were carried out to evaluate the effect of the processing steps of corn products on the destruction of aflatoxins in popcorn. The results of the trial indicated that the processing of popcorn had a significant effect on aflatoxin destruction. High temperature of preparation and treatment with 5% salt (sodium chloride) yielded the highest destruction rate. Several probiotic bacteria are able to bind aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in vitro, including Lactobacillus rhamnosus LC-705 and Propionibacterium freudenreichii subsp. shermanii JS. A mixture of these two probiotics is used by the food and feed industry as biopreservative (Bioprofit), making it a promising candidate for future applications. A recent study was carried out to determine whether administration of probiotic bacteria could block the intestinal absorption of aflatoxin B1. Probiotic administration led to a statistically significant decrease in the urinary excretion of AFB-N7-guanine. Probiotic supplement reduces the biologically effective dose of aflatoxin exposure, and may thereby offer an effective dietary approach to prevent the development of liver cancer. An other example of these studies is that on the radioprotective role of vitamin C and E against gamma radiation-induced depletion in relative testicular weight and sperm shape abnormalities.


The Longdongwan polymetallic ore deposit geostructure is in middle the Kunlun Mountains Qinling folded region Qinling system of fold Li xian-Zashui Haixi geosyncline belt of folded strata.Is the Qinling thing to east the structural system and the Wudu arc structure wing's compound spot,it's east mine field of Xicheng,the Wujiashan anticline northern,the Changba,Lijiagou two large-scale lead-zinc mine bed's north west lengthens the spot.The geostructure position is extremely special,has the good mineralization environment and the mineralization condition.The article through to the home court ore deposit geological feature,the ore body characteristic,the ore characteristic and so on elaboration and the ore deposit origin shallow must analyze,thought that the deterioration hydrothermal filling metasomatosis is the mineralization primary factor,the faulted structure is controls the ore,mineralization the primary factor.The ore deposit strictly the contact strip,the rock association,the angle lithification belt,north to west,near thing the control which breaks to opens curving,has the multi-mineralization material to originate,characteristics and so on many phase of mineralization,pointed out that the ore deposit type is with the magmatic intrusion related deterioration hydrothermal filling confession ore deposit.


A subgroup of nine patients, five women and four men, who received lumbar disc prostheses in a segment adjacent to previous posterolateral instrumented fusions (one or two levels) is reviewed. Two patients underwent double-level disc replacement. The mean age was 46.1 years (33 to 62). All patients had marked flattening of the lumbar spine before the operation. One patient developed subsidence within two weeks of the procedure but went on to a satisfactory result. One patient with a double-level disc replacement needed another operation because of a missed far out lateral disc. On day five after the procedure, the top-level disc was removed, the level properly decompressed and the disc reinserted, with good results. The mean postoperative hospital stay was 3.9 days (3 to 8). Within a mean time of 32 days (21 to 42), all patients returned to their previous occupations. Follow-up ranged from 3 to 19 months. At the latest follow-up, four of the patients were satisfied and five were very satisfied. Disc replacement seems an ideal salvage procedure for junctional failure after previous fusions. The short-term clinical results are good.


In this paper we investigate the effect of labor income uncertainty on the probability of homeownership in Germany and Spain. This study is motivated by two facts. Firstly, theoretical models tend to provide ambiguous results in this issue. Secondly, there is limited previous empirical evidence and the existing focuses exclusively on the US housing market. We claim that more international evidence is necessary in order to disentangle this puzzle. We develop a simple theoretical formula that highlights the pivotal role of risk attitudes in the housing tenure decisions that also allow us to introduce the concept of "skewness affection" as a relevant phenomenon. To carry out this test we propose an income uncertainty measure based on panel data labor income equations. We observe that households facing increasing income uncertainty display preference for renting while those located in a positively skewed income distribution show a greater propensity for homeownership.


Initialization, an outcome of language contact common to signed languages, has become a global phenomenon. I define initialization as the incorporation of the orthography of a word of a dominant spoken language via the cultural construct of a manual orthography into signs with a semantic correspondence to that word. Despite its being very common within (relatively) well-documented sign languages such as American Sign Language (Padden & Brentari, 2001), Australian Sign Language (Schembri & Johnston, 2007) and Quebec Sign Language (Machabee, 1995), the literature on the subject is very small. To assist in expanding the nascent fields of sociolinguistics and anthropology of Deaf communities, ethnographic research involving primarily corpus building, interviews and participant observation was performed within the Deaf community of central Honduras to offer preliminary insights into how the personal and group identities of the Honduran Deaf are negotiated through linguistic interactions. Variable initialization is quite a salient marker because of its use in the diverging sociolects of Deaf Honduras. This poses the questions: what instances of variable initialization exist in the community; how are these variable forms manipulated to construct identities; how does variant initialization mark social differentiation in the community? How are linguistic variation and social differentiation intertwined? Social relationships and individual identity are studied by means of this linguistic marker as language is used to build social meaning. In particular, I argue that linguistic variation is polarizing as variant initialization is used to both reflect and justify the social division of the community into central and peripheral.


Radicals generated in linoleic acid and deuterated linoleic acid have been trapped by the spin trap 2-methyl-2-nitroso-propane (MNP) and identified by electron spin resonance (ESR) and ENDOR spectroscopy. The formation of two distinct secondary alkyl radical adducts (one conjugated, the other non-conjugated, as shown by their UV absorption spectra) was demonstrated by 11, 11-dideuterio-9-cis-12-cis-linoleic acid using HPLC and ESR spectroscopy.


We report the case of 66-year-old male with episodic ataxia type 2 carrying a novel CACNA1A gene mutation affected with a new and heterogeneous phenotype. The patient presented with intermittent episodes of ataxia, dysarthria, and vertigo since childhood. The patient also had atypical features of perioral numbness, right facial drooling, and bilateral upper limb action tremor. The cerebellar ataxia episodes significantly increased in frequency with age, but entirely remitted with acetazolamide treatment.


The mechanism underlying the mediation of the behavior and fitness of non-vector herbivores by fungal pathogen-infected host plants is still unclear. In this study, we experimentally assessed the effects of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) plant infection status on non-vector herbivores using tomato powdery mildew disease fungus (Oidium lycopersici) and the greenhouse whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum as a model multitrophic plant-pathogen, non-vector herbivore interaction. In behavioral bioassays, powdery mildew-infected plants (PM) and plants damaged by combined attack of powdery mildew and whiteflies (PMWF) attracted significantly more whiteflies (32.6% and 58.1% for PM and PMWF, respectively) than control (Con) plants (16.5%) or plants damaged only by whiteflies (WF) (24.2%). Whiteflies feeding on PM or PMWF plants secreted almost twice as much honeydew as on the Con or WF plants. This indicated that whiteflies fed more on diseased plants than healthy plants. However, the preferences and increased feeding did not increase the fitness and immature growth of T. vaporariorum, but significantly prolonged their immature developmental durations, compared with those of whiteflies that developed on Con plants or WF plants. The results showed that powdery mildew infestation attracted more whiteflies but reduced their development and fitness.


The cuneiform tablet here edited belongs to the Museum of Natural History at Torquay, and I am greatly indebted to the Curator who has kindly submitted it to me for study and publication. Whence it comes is unfortunately unknown, but it seems to be of the same class as the large number of commercial documents from Nippur in middle Babylonia which now belong to the University of Pennsylvania and have been published in four volumes by the late Professor A. T. Clay. This suggestion is made especially probable by the Aramaic endorsement or summary of the Babylonian text which closely resembles those found on some of the tablets in that collection. It appears to be the only one of its class in England, so far as published collections go, since the tablets in the British Museum which bear Aramaic notes are Assyrian texts of the seventh century B.C.


Extensive efforts have been made to develop anti-HIV drugs from potential HIV-1 protease inhibitor1'2) since the protease inhibitors have been proven to produce immature and non-infectious viruses3'4). In order to find HIV-1 protease inhibitors and study the kinetics of inhibition of the protease, many assay methods have been devised using the protease produced by genetic engineering techniques. These assay methods have used a variety of substrates such as peptides analogous to the natural polyprotein substrate of HIV-1 with chromogenic, fluorometric, or radiometric modifications5 ~ 8), or a


Human lymphocytes obtained from donors exhibiting different allotypes were separated into B‐ and T‐enriched subpopulations and cultured in the presence or absence of Herpes simplex virus inactivated by U.V. Isolated B or T cell suspensions did not produce any antiherpetic activity. The B lymphocytes cultruredl in the presence of the supernatant collected from virus‐exposed T cells or in the presence of DNA extracted from this supernatant, synthesized an antiherpetic antibody carrying allotypic marker of the T cell donor.


[Objective]The aim was to explore the active compound of Morus alba leaves with the analysis of active components of hexane extractives of M.alba leaves.[Method]Antibacterial assays of hexane extractives of M.alba leaves were done and the volatile components of hexane extractives of M.alba leaves with the strongest antibacterial activity were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).[Result]The results of inhibitory effect of hexane extractives of M.alba leaves on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli showed that hexane extractives of M.alba leaves collected in June,July and August had antibacterial activity against S.aureus and had no antibacterial effect against E.coli.Furthermore,hexane extractives of M.alba leaves collected in June had the strongest antibacterial activity against S.aureus(inhibition diameter 10.95 mm).The hexane extractives of M.alba leaves collected in June was analyzed by GC-MS,the main volatile components were tetradecane(16.76%),dodecane(13.20%),diisobutyl phthalate(10.26%),decane(9.10%),hexadecane(8.71%),linolenyl alcohol(7.25%),octadecane(5.88%),eicosane(3.26%),dibutyl phthalate(2.59%).[Conclusion]Linolenyl alcohol was the potential antibacterial compound.


Based on the sociality characteristics of construction project organizations,this paper firstly analyses the advantages and main domains of applying social network analysis(SNA)to the research on the construction project organizations.A qualitative social network model for construction project organization is established,and then this model is quantitatively analyzed with the help of UCINET 6.0.This paper represents the main process of applying SNA to the research on the construction project organizations,and demonstrates the feasibility of the application of SNA.


Sarcasm detection is used to single out natural language statements where intended meaning differs from what the surface meaning implies. A number of tasks in natural language processing areas like sentiment analysis and also mining of opinions use sarcasm detection underneath. Many of the key research in the area of sarcasm detection primarily focus on only text-based input. In the present day scenario , there has been a sudden explosion in the amount of multimodal data mainly due to social media. As a result of that, users these days are not just limited to text while expressing themselves , but also make heavy use of visuals like in images and videos. The objective of our paper is to incorporate multimodal data so as to enhance the performance of present sarcasm detection algorithms. Multiple methods that leverage data in the form of image and text, and also as a combination of both, have been presented thus far.We present a unique architecture which works on the Robustly Optimized BERT pre-training approach(RoBERTa) which is a facebook modified version of well known model BERT with a co¬attention layer on the top for including the context incongruency between input text and attributes of the image. Using Gated Recurrent Unit(GRU), the text-based features are extracted and the features of the image are retrieved by conditioning the image through Feature-wise Linearly Modulated ResNet Blocks. These combined with CLS token from the model RoBERTa are used to obtain the final predictions. In the end, we show performance enhancements from our model when it is stacked against the other latest models with competitive results which make use of the same publicly available Twitter dataset.


In the present study, the prevalence of ticks infesting livestock of Kashmir valley was carried out from March to August 2016. A total of 479 animals (including 230 sheep, 112 equines, 70 goats, 61 cattle and 6 dogs) were screened out of which, 200 (41.75%) animals were found infested with ticks which included 121 sheep (52.61%), 23 equines (20.53%), 38 goats (54.28%), 15 cattle (24.59%) and 3 dogs (50.00%). The different genera of ticks encountered during this study were Haemaphysalis, Rhipicephalus and Ornithodoros. The sheep were found to be infested with Haemaphysalis spp. (73.68%) and Ornithodoros spp. (26.32%); goats with Haemaphysalis spp. (85.74%) and Rhipicephalus spp. (14.26%); cattle and equines with Haemaphysalis spp. only (100%) and dogs with Haemaphysalis spp. (88.88%) and Rhipicephalus spp. (11.12%).