Summary The changing aims of psychoanalysis are discussed with reference to Money-Kyrle's paper on the subject. The theory of dammed-up libido, the theory of moral conflict and the theory of misrepresentations and perversion of reality which he described, all imply different aims. It is argued that, in addition, the theory of projective identification leads to a radical change in the aim of treatment which can now be formulated in terms of helping the patient regain lost parts of the self.


Prohexadione-calcium (Regalis) is a shoot growth retardant that inhibits gibberellins biosynthesis The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of applying Regalis by foliar applications in Passe Crassane pear orchards to reduce tree vigor or shoot growth, to improve the structure of the canopy, to accelerate the earliness of fruit bearing and to control the alternate fruit production. Three different dosages were tested: 50ppm, 100ppm 150ppm. Regalis treatments ranging from 50 to 150 ppm were compared with control, without treatments. The first treatment was applied 7days after petal fall and the others every 10 days after the first treatment. The data was collected at the end of the vegetation period on 10 October. The growth vigor of the shoots and the shoot length of node was significantly difference after the treatment of 150 ppm than the application of 100ppm and 50ppm. The mean number of nodes per shoot percentage was not significantly different between different treatment (50ppm, 100ppm and 150ppm). The length of the shoots for non- treated trees was higher than for treated ones.


In this work, a maleinized soybean oil (SOMA) was melt reacted with polyamide 6 and the thermal, rheological, and morphological properties were evaluated. It was observed that the maleinized soybean oil reacted with polyamide chains, increasing the molecular weight of the polymer. Addition of SOMA also promoted an increase in the amount of α crystalline phase as well as in the crystallinity index. The average amorphous layer thickness (La) was enhanced with the addition of 1 wt % of SOMA, while the average crystalline layer thickness (Lc) were significantly enlarged with the increase in SOMA content, indicating that SOMA structures were located at the interfacial region between amorphous and crystalline. The addition of 5 wt % of SOMA plasticized the PA6, reducing its glass transition temperature. However, the sample containing 5 wt % of SOMA showed an accentuated pseudoplastic behavior as compared to other samples. Addition of SOMA also reduced the tensile strength and increased the elongation at break. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43050.


The 17th NPC has raised:the core of scientific oudook on development is putting people first.The Party' s new demand of the central government on the enterprise in the new historical time are to fully implementing scientific outlook on development,to play a full role of grass-root level Party organization as fortresses,to play Party members' role as pioneers, to pay attention to people's livelihood,to put the people first and to build a harmonious enterprise.Only if the enterprise faces to the new context,continuously builds a stronger Party at the grass-root level and serve the people and staff with better spirits,can we make contribution to build a harmonious enterprise and can the enterprise develop faster and healthier.


The design, analysis, fabrication and measurement of a new bulk metamaterial is reported in this paper. The structure of the new medium is made up of left-handed parallel strips. The series capacitors are realized by short circuited parallel strip stubs, and the conducting shunt pins represent parallel inductors. This metamaterial allows the propagation of a left-handed wave in the frequency band from 4.75 to 5.65 GHz, much wider than the frequency band achievable by split-ring resonators. The simple equivalent circuit of the metamaterial is derived. Additional modification of the media structure is proposed.


Fancy being Jeremy Paxman for an evening? An election question time is one of the few occasions when parliamentary candidates in a constituency share the same platform, and is an excellent opportunity to ask candidates about manifesto promises. It's also a good opportunity for the candidates to hear how their proposals will affect health services and the people who work in them.


Background: Prevalency of a pregnant mother having lower back pain during pregnancy in Indonesia reaches 60-80%. One of the ways to handle this problem is by using non-pharmacological methods. Effleurage massage is a nonpharmacological method. This is done by applying gentle pressure to the surface of the body repeatedly to reduce lower back pain. Many pregnant mothers, however, do not know much about how to handle their lower back pain by applying this method. Objective: To provide a care by applying effleurage massage, to know the scale of pain before and after the application, and also to know the effectiveness of effleurage massage. Method:This research uses analytic descriptive methods, by describing facts taken from interview and observation involving 3 participants in 14 days conducted in March-April 2017. Result: After being given effleurage massage to 3 participants for 15 minutes – 7 times, there is a change of pain on the participants. Participant 1 having a change from moderate to mild pain. Participant 2 having a change from mild to no pain. Participant 3 having a change from mild to no pain. Conclusion: Effleurage massage is effective to reduce lower back pain of trimester III pregnant mother in Yuspoeni Midwifery Clinic, Klirong, Kebumen.


Learning will continue to be tiring if educators generally organize learning and teaching exercises. So that in the end Students will experience boredom and lack of enthusiasm enthusiastic to imitate. This arrangement The purpose of this is to show that there is an increase in the learning outcomes of class VI students at SDN Buaran Bambu III Pakuhaji Region, after involving substantial media such as cardboard, wall clocks, three-sided rulers in mathematical illustrations related to the material. Substantial Media for Displaying Level Forms. Basic information acquired in this study expressed that out of 42 understudies, just 25 kids scored over 65 or expressed to have graduated, 17 children had not completed their exams, because the scores obtained were still below 65 in cycle I. The information obtained indicated that the expansion of learning outcomes. student. It was informed that out of 32 students, 27 children had graduated and 15 children had not finished studying. Based on these findings, the second cycle was carried out, Additionally, the outcomes show a huge expansion in understudies' comprehension: 84% of the assignments according to the research findings. Instructors ought to utilize learning media or instructing helps that are genuine on the grounds that they can be utilized as an elective wellspring of advancing by focusing on understudy exercises and custom fitted to their requirements their contents.


Book Title: Birders of Africa: History of a NetworkBook Author: Nancy J. Jacobs2018, UCT Press, 21 Dreyer Street, Sunclare Building, Claremont 7708, Cape Town, South Africa. 340 pages, softcover, illustrations (some colour). ISBN 978-1-77-582251-6. Price R399.


Introduction: Home Economics activities provide a useful framework to reduce inconsistencies of livelihood in development geography. The term 'livelihood' describes the means – 'capabilities, assets (stores, resources, claims and access) and activities – required for living'. Rural women capabilities, assets and activities and the major aspects of family living are the most important means of providing opportunities for rural households to match with their ever changing communities. These assets and activities are known as the means of making a living or surviving and denote the abilities to maintain or build long-term well-being. Rural women as the half of human population in rural areas are the guardians of holding diversified portfolios for rural households and equipping them in the social change process. They play significant role in social and cultural realms along with economic roles in rural areas. Women economic roles indoor their house and applying scientific principles to domestic situations are called home science, domestic economic and later home economics. Home economical activities identify rural women' livelihood aspirations and the barriers that make livelihood creation difficult within the rural context. Home economic activities include all the products and services which produce a community that is healthier, wiser, freer, motivated, challenged and empowered. But the main question here is that what are the home economic competencies of rural women? Do the women in regions with different levels of development experience different home economics competencies? And which factors determine these competencies among rural women? This research aims to investigate the determinants of home economics competencies among rural women in Darian township, Shiraz county, Iran.
Materials and Methods: The study depends on primary data collected from rural women in rural regions of Darian township, Shiraz county, Iran. In this study, a survey was conducted using structural questionnaire. Questionnaire was designed to cover four basic household-based measures of home economics; life competencies and skills; life priorities; family support and home economics competencies. Demographic characteristics of respondents were also questioned. Face validity of questionnaires was confirmed by a panel of experts. The calculated Cronbach's alpha for the different measures of the instrument were 0.69 to 0.94. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS 22) and Super Decision software were used to treat and analyze the obtained data. Multi-stage random cluster sampling technique was used to select 200 rural women from developed and semi developed villages of Darian township.
Results and Discussion: Results revealed that, rural women in developed and semi developed rural areas weren't significantly different regarding their life priorities (child development, family life, etc.). This may imply that rural women living in developed villages tend to experience similar competencies comaring to their counterparts in semi-developed villages. The results showed that while rural women in developed and semi developed villages were significantly different with respect to their family life competencies and skills, home management competencies and home employment activities; there was no significant difference in the mean scores of the other competencies achieved by women living in developed regions. It may be interpreted that most of the women in villages with different levels of development had similar home economics competencies (housing and home furnishing, foods and nutrition, clothing and textile, and child development competencies). However, the results shed light on the impact of development on family life skills, managerial skills and the necessity of earning money in home activities. The other important difference between the study areas was the level of family support. Results revealed that rural women in developed villages experience significantly more family supports in comparison to their counterparts in semi developed regions. The perception of support of family members (spouse, child and other household members) provided a facilitative environment to promote home economics competencies. Hierarchical regression results also indicated that life skills, perceptions of family supports, craft weaving experience and the level of rural development could predict 70 percent of variation in home economics competencies among rural women.
Conclusion: The researchers would like to propose possible suggestions to provide applied opportunities for women in semi developed regions. As indicated by the results, family members couldn't provide necessary support for women to play their economical roles in their homes. Cultural support would be important to provide the supporting context for women in semi and under developed regions.


Using modularized NaI(Tl) detectors, we have carried out a high-statistics measurement of inclusive {gamma}-ray spectra from {ital {bar p}d} annihilation at rest separately for each charge multiplicity of the final state. We have not seen, at statistical significance above 4{sigma}, any monochromatic {gamma}-ray peaks, which may be assigned to baryonium production {ital {bar p}p} or {ital {bar p}n}{r arrow}{gamma}{ital B} or to {ital {bar N}NN} bound-state production {ital {bar p}d}{r arrow}{gamma}({ital {bar N}NN}). The 4{sigma} upper limit for baryonium production per annihilation varied between 10{sup {minus}2} and 10{sup {minus}4} depending on baryonium mass of 1700 to 600 MeV/{ital c}{sup 2} and on the charge multiplicity. At (2--3){sigma} levels, however, five peaks were observed and three of them are located at the same position with the similar (2--3){sigma} peaks observed in {ital {bar p}p}{r arrow}{gamma}{ital B} and {ital {bar p}p}{r arrow}{pi}{sup 0}{ital B}.


A two countries single renewable resource dynamic problem in economics is formulated in a differential game theoretic framework. A competitive market consumer benefit function is used as an objective function to be maximized by each country subject to the resource population-growth-catch dynamics. The optimal competitive catch strategies are derived and their economic implications are discussed. The solution can be written as one of nine different possibilities at every instant of time. In general, it is possible to conclude that competitive optimal catch strategies do not always occur. Possibilities for each country to be idle or to apply an optimal (monopolistic) catch strategy are also feasible. In the paper we show that under competitive conditions, each country must regulate its total catch and that the higher the future discount rates, the higher the catch rate will be, and the slower the convergence of the resource population to the desired level will be.


The covid-19 pandemic since its inception has reshaped many healthcare practices. One of the most severely affected specialty is intensive care and multiple strategies have been applied to deal with the severe covid-19 related pneumonia. This case report focuses on early invasive ventilation strategy versus delayed invasive ventilation strategies and early extubation and subsequent post-extubation support with Non-invasive ventilation strategies.


The layout of Martinique' tropical forests, which is managed by public authorities, is part of the economic development of the French overseas territories. It combines environmental conservation, logging and tourist attraction. This job offers a forestry management' method which links social and environmental functions with wood production. It concerns the regional and state forest of southern Martinique, a forest fragmented into 15 massifs with a total area of 239 ha. The main objective of this study is to suggest a renewal of the ageing plots of Mahogany. First, the study describes the land tenure situation and abiotic conditions of the environment. The silvicultural inventory of the forested areas targeted by logging allows to report on the types of stands present. The regular forest is predominant and has the Mahogany hybrid as its main variety. A series of maps and the route of plots results from inventory analysis. Consideration is then given to the silvicultural management to be adopted. Several silvicultural scenarios are envisaged and compared. The wood production action programme comes directly from this decision support tool. The preparation of an experimental device for a cocoa tree under stand of Mahogany in the Baudelle Prise d'eau forest is constructed too. This system reflects the strong demand from forest owners. At last suggested measures guide the management of some of the regional and state forest of southern Martinique areas towards a maximum protection and a gradual return to a natural forest. The aim is to increase the area of natural formations that are not much represented in the small West Indies and therefore of high world heritage value. Thus, the Dumaine Massif is placed in a directed biological reserve (DBR) and the Epinay Massif in an integral biological reserve (IBR). Key-words : Layout, regional and state forest, Montravail, Mahogany, logging


The objective: to conduct a clinical and statistical analysis of the characteristics of the somatic and reproductive history in women with repeated unsuccessful attempts of assisted reproductive technologies and to determine significant medical and social factors in the formation of chronic endometritis. Materials and methods. A clinical and statistical analysis of 177 outpatient cards was carried out: Group I – 127 women under the age of 45 with a history of two or more ineffective attempts at in vitro fertilization; Group II – there were 50 healthy women without reproductive disorders. The comprehensive examination included data from anamnesis, general clinical and gynecological examination, laboratory and instrumental methods according to the data of outpatient observation cards at the MC LLC «Isida – IVF». The diagnosis of chronic endometritis was verified by the data of the histological examination of the endometrium obtained by the pipel biopsy method on days 4 –9 of the menstrual cycle. Results. The incidence of inflammatory diseases of the uterine appendages in patients of group I was 47.2%, inflammatory diseases of the endometrium – 41.7%; р1.2<0.01. The incidence of acute endometritis among patients of group I was 6.3%; р1.2>0.05 and was due to the implementation of the infectious process after abortion. In the first group, sexually transmitted infections were noted in 67.7% of patients, р1.2>0.05; bacterial vaginosis was recorded 1.5 times more often – 28.4%; р1.2<0.05. In the first group, one-time artificial termination of pregnancy appeared in 15.0%, twice – in 15.7% (р1.2<0.05). Laparoscopies were previously performed in 59.8% of women, laparotomies – in 62.2%, while operations were repeated in 25.4% of women. Unilateral tubectomy for ectopic pregnancy was performed in 25.4% of women, bilateral in 12.7%. Removal of fallopian tubes due to sactosalpinxes in 25.4% of women, unilateral removal of appendages appeared in patients in 3.9% of cases. The most significant risk factors for the development of chronic endometritis in the studied groups are acute post-abortion endometritis VR (relative risk) = 1.439, p=0.029 and postoperative peritonitis, which was caused by complications of appendectomy – RR=1.430, p=0.084. We did not reveal a significant effect of inflammatory diseases of the uterine appendages on the implementation of chronic endometritis (RR=45.132, CI (6.151-31.167), p=0.001. Analysis of reproductive failures as a risk factor for the development of chronic endometritis in women of group I showed a significant relative risk: with a history of PR RR=1.44, p=0.039, with repeated artifactual abortions RR=1.5, p<0.001, SV RR=1.572, p=0.001. A higher relative risk of developing XE was observed during pregnancy – RR=1.597, p=0.001. Conclusions. Clinical and statistical analysis of the reproductive health of women with repeated unsuccessful attempts at ART has shown that these women have a high frequency of intrauterine interventions, a low frequency of using alternative and safe methods of abortion, and there is no system of health measures after reproductive failures. There is a significant increase in spontaneous abortion in the early stages and the absence of a decrease in premature birth. Preserving the reproductive health of women is an important medical and social problem, the solution of which depends on the joint efforts of state and public organizations and health authorities, as well as on the responsibility of the population for their health. The development and implementation of pregravid health improvement and pregnancy planning programs for women with repeated unsuccessful attempts at ART against the background of chronic endometritis should be a priority in the health care system. Keywords: assisted reproductive technologies, chronic endometritis, ineffective attempts at fertilization, reproductive health, pregnancy.


Because of the role of seed dormancy and hard and thick seed coat produced by inhibition of the Clematis manshurica Rupr.slow germination of seeds,germination rate is low.The effect of germination rate,germination energy,germination index of Clematis manshurica Rupr.seed on seed morphology,seed viability and other characteristics of the different temperatures,different days of cold stratification,different chemical reagent Clematis manshurica Rupr.seeds were studied.The results showed that 25℃ cold stratification 140~160 days,95% sulfuric acid immersion treatment was the best 20s,could improve the germination rate of seeds Clematis manshurica Rupr..


In 1943, the name penicillamine was given to an amino acid BB-dimethylcysteine found among the acid penicillin hydrolysates (Abraham et al. 1943). It is now 21 years since J M Walshe first gave penicillamine to a patient with Wilson's disease (Walshe 1956). In the intervening years, penicillamine has found a place in the treatment ofmany diseases, including Wilson's disease, cystinuria (Crawhall et al. 1963), lead poisoning (Boulding & Baker 1957), and morphea (Moynahan 1973). It has been tried in many other diseases, sometimes with promising results, such as chronic active hepatitis (Stern et al. 1976), primary biliary cirrhosis (S Jain 1976, personal communication), and scleroderma (Bluestone et al. 1970). The drug has a variety of biological effects and it is evident that exploration of other applications may prove fruitful., Initially penicillamine was used in rheumatoid arthritis because it dissociates certain macroglobulins in vitro (Deutsch & Morton 1957). Evidence of its clinical efficacy was first published in 1964 (Jaffe 1964). In the next nine years the reports of many workers in uncontrolled studies (Zuckner et al. 1970, Huskisson & Hart 1972), confirmed this initial report. It was not until the Multicentre Trial Group published its results in 1973, that penicillamine was clearly shown to be effective in rheumatoid arthritis. This trial, which used a predetermined and rather high dose of penicillamine, compared its effect in 52 patients with


Stores of apparel brands consider a driving force in boosting business and shaping consumer buying behaviors. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of brand store image on consumer purchasing behavior in Lahore city. This study was conducted by using a mixed-method study design. Two well–known brands of male and female apparel were selected conveniently as a sample of this study. Interviews and focus groups were used for data collection, from managements and stores' staff, which were analyzed thematically. These qualitative results were then used to generate a questionnaire for customers. For this purpose, data were collected from 216 respondents. Quantitative data were analyzed by using SPSS. Results revealed that different strategies used by brand stores for the attraction of their customers while the attributes of stores, elements of the brand, and customer-friendly policies were found important influential factors in determining the purchasing behavior of the customers in this study. The findings of this study can be a source of implications for new store brands and future researchers, by extending the scope of the tool used in this study they can contribute to the literature.


The Courts in England and Wales have been required to give relatively little attention to the interface between the needs of young offenders and the provisions of the Children Act (CA) 1989, notwithstanding the importance of that legislation in meeting the welfare needs of remanded and convicted adolescents with well-established problems in accessing resources that can enable their successful transition to independence.1 Those provisions can offer greater and longer assistance than the alternative 'homelessness' responsibilities falling upon local authorities under the Housing Act (HA) 1996. Recent litigation involving the experience of a girl (J.S.)2 facing family relationship strains and homelessness while on remand and subsequently on release from custody – dealt with fi rst in the Administrative Court and then on appeal (S. (R. on the application of ) v London Borough of Sutton [2007] EWHC 1196 (Admin) (May 2007) and [2007] EWCA Civ 790 (July 2007)) – illustrates the complexities of Part 3 of the Act ('Local Authority Support for Children and Families'). It also points up the responsibilities of local authorities to provide eligible young offenders with accommodation, planning and support into young adulthood through Children's Services, rather than sidestepping their duty of care on the assumption that those needs will be catered for by Housing Departments and/or Youth Offending Teams.3


A confusingly large number of neural, metabolic and endocrine factors are thought to regulate how much an animal eats and how this is varied according to the animal's energy stores. In recent years, peptides with experimental actions which suggest that they may be involved in the control of energy balance have attracted much attention. The list of these peptides is long (Table 1) and continues to lengthen, the main inclusion criterion being the peptide's ability to alter feeding behaviour or energy expenditure, or both, when it is injected into various anatomical sites. Such studies suggest that many peptides may serve to regulate nutritional state throughout a wide range of species, including man and the slug as well as the familiar laboratory rodents (Morley, 1987). The main difficulty in this area, as implied by the subtitle of the present article, is in picking out those peptides with a genuine 'regulatory' function against the noisy background of experimental artefact (Williams, 1991). A peptide with a true regulatory function in the nutritional context must fulfil certain criteria. It must be found in the parts of the central nervous system which control energy balance and, when released thcre, must interact with specific receptors which mediate changes in feeding or thermogenesis. For these events to be physiologically appropriate, the peptidergic system in question must interact with a sensor system which is able to identify and respond to changes in nutritional state, perhaps by recognizing a neural or metabolic signal whose intensity is determined by the size of the body's energy stores. It follows that the activity of the peptidergic system must change in response to alterations in nutritional state, although such changes may be difficult to detect if they are relatively small and involve only localized areas such as individual hypothalamic nuclei. These basic criteria are met by only a few of the peptides listed in Table 1.


Thermal electron Bernstein emission has been observed at the second harmonic of the electron cyclotron frequency at the mid-plane of the Maryland Centrifugal eXperiment. The emission is received in the X-mode polarization and coupled to the Bernstein wave by the B-X mode conversion process. The average B-X coupling efficiency is approximately 20%. The observed emission indicates thermal electron temperatures an excess of 100 eV in the core of the rotating plasma. The measured electron temperature is consistent with recent ion temperature measurements and indicates that the total energy confinement time exceeds 500 μs.


TALUS, the Detroit Regional Transportation and Land Use Study, is a four-year, 4.5-million-dollar study which will produce a comprehensive plan to guide the growth and development of the seven-county, 4500-square-mile southeastern Michigan metropolitan region through 1990. The project is divided into five phases: 1) inventory and data collection, 2) analysis and model development, 3) plan formulation and testing, 4) plan review and adoption, and 5) plan implementation. The eleven substudies in the inventory phase provide both base year and historical data which are analyzed for the purpose of developing five basic models. The models permit the determination of alternative distributions of the projected regional population and activities in response to alternative combinations of facility plans and policies, and they predict future levels of demand for transportation capacity, sewer and water service, housing units, etc. Alternative plans are evaluated from the standpoint of their adequacy in achieving stated regional goals expressed in terms of performance specifications and objectives and their administrative and fiscal feasibility. The process is a methodical, rather than an intuitive one, as required by the masses of data which must be manipulated and the multiplicity of interrelated systems which must be dealt with. The value of the process lies in the extent to which the plan can be implemented and will influence the future development of the region.


Geotourism is relatively new form of sustainable tourism, which is nowadays developing as an idea for protecting valuable geological and geomorphological landscape elements. However, places recognized as geoparks should have been marked as areas with special geological and geomorphological significance. This study presents comparative analysis of two UNESCO geoparks (Rokua Geopark in Finland, Muskau Bend Geopark in Germany and Poland) attractiveness which have different perspectives of development, as they are localized in two dissimilar regions of Europe. Paper considers how geoattractivness differences affected on geoparks popularity and functioning. It also considers the role of geotourism in sustaibnable development and sustainable tourism.


The purpose of this research was to study the attitudes and intentions of children in a sports camp with the use of an intervention program. Three questionnaires were used: Planned Behavior Theory, SelfEfficacy, and of eating habits, which were administered twice, within a 5-week period. The sample was consisted of205 children aged 10-15 years, who attended a summer camp in Grammatiko, Athens, Greece. An intervention program was used. Results revealed differences among age groups, and among sexes. In conclusion, a combination of intervention techniques that included, ongoing information on healthy eating, discussions, and feedback, strengthened children's attitudes, behavior and self-efficacy.


Gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS) evolved from the vision of Lars Leksell as a method of bloodless surgery for treating a wide variety of intracranial pathologies. Since the first GKRS procedure for trigeminal neuralgia (TN) in the early 1970s, thousands of medically refractory patients have been treated, with good results. GKRS has become a first-line treatment for medically refractory TN along with microvascular decompression and percutaneous rhizotomy. GKRS offers the advantages of minimal invasiveness and extremely low risk. When recommending a surgical treatment modality for medically refractory TN, one must consider patient preferences, procedural risks, medical co-morbidities and the success rates of the various approaches. In this context, we review the role of GKRS in the treatment of medically refractory TN.


Tsunamis, despite occurring with low frequency, are permanent hazards for a large number of coastal cities and their consequences are highly devastating in terms of human losses, material damages and urban structure disruptions. It is argued in this paper that the urban structure not only has to be recovered after the tsunami event, but also has to provide an important basis for the continuing activities of the city, playing a fundamental role in the resilience of the whole urban system. By adopting a spatio-configurational approach based on space syntax theories and techniques, this research focuses on the dynamics of urban structures in relation to the different scenarios that tsunami-prone cities must face. The urban resilience process in both soon-after tsunami and post-tsunami scenarios is analysed using a Chilean coastal city located in a seismically active region as case study. The resilience capacity of the city in a soon-after tsunami situation is studied focusing on the influence of the urban layout in the route-finding decision makings during the evacuation process. The analysis reveals a weak correspondence between the existing evacuation plan and natural movement patterns, affecting the process of evacuation-route identification and the capacity to rapidly react to the threat. Additionally, the urban resilience in a post-disaster scenario is analysed regarding the ability of the city to maintain the basic functions and structures in order to be able to recover from tsunami impacts. The findings reveal important disruptions in the urban systems spatial organisation, affecting the distribution of urban centralities and changing the operating patterns of the city after tsunami events. From this, the paper develops a comprehensive understanding of the different phases of the tsunami-prone city from a configurational approach, laying the foundations for evidence-based strategic proposals to enhance urban resilience capacity.


In this study, a methodology has been proposed to identify the origin of animal DNA, employing high throughput extension accessory Fourier transform infrared (HT-FTIR) spectroscopy coupled with chemometrics. Important discriminatory characteristics were identified in the FTIR spectral peaks of 51 standard DNA samples (25 from bovine and 26 from fish origins), including 1710, 1659, 1608, 1531, 1404, 1375, 1248, 1091, 1060, and 966 cm−1. In particular, the bands at 1708 and 1668 cm−1 were higher in fish DNA than in bovine DNA, while the reverse was true for the band at 1530 cm−1 was shown the opposite result. It was also found that the PO2− Vas/Vs ratio (1238/1094 cm−1) was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in bovine DNA than in fish DNA. These discriminatory characteristics were further revealed to be closely related to the base content and base sequences of different samples. Multivariate analyses, such as principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) were conducted, and both the sensitivity and specificity values of PLS-DA model were one. This methodology has been further validated by 20 meat tissue samples (4 from bovine, 5 from ovine, 5 from porcine, and 6 from fish origins), and these were successfully differentiated. This case study demonstrated that FTIR spectroscopy coupled with PLS-DA discriminant model could provide a rapid, sensitive, and reliable approach for the identification of DNA of animal origin. This methodology could be widely applied in food, feed, forensic science, and archaeology studies.


This paper employs the Markov regime switching GARCH model to capture the nature of China's stock market volatility in 2003-2009. We find a significant regime shift in the volatility of the stock market when the People's Bank of China adopted an accommodative monetary policy in response to the global financial crisis of 2007-2008. After the structural change, China's stock market moved into a regime with increased volatility, which appears to be persisting into the near future. This finding suggests that the central bank of China should incorporate stock market volatility into its policy-making process.


This was one of several Bridge Series seminar presentations conducted at the University of Gloucestershire in the 2002-2004 period, delivered in conjunction with Business Link, Gloucestershire. This presentation examines three technologies that were then considered key for organisations wishing to exploit the opportunities of the 'new information age' - XML, Broadband and handheld devices. These three technologies have all evolved considerably since then, but are still central to the IT deployment of most organisations. The key issues discussed are also relevant to the adoption of the newer generation of technologies now being debated in similar manner - the four so-called SMAC technologies (Social, Mobile, Analytics and Cloud), to which one could add a fifth - 3D printing. The issues facing IT managers challenged with adopting and assimilating these technologies are similar to those in evidence over a decade ago.


The historical drama series, The Club (2021–22), narrating the story of a nightclub at the centre of Istanbul nightlife during the 1950s, achieved great success by becoming the eighth most-watched non-English-language series on an international digital streaming platform. The significant public affirmation the series gained rose on the representation of the leading character – the nightclub star. He directly refers to respected queer singer Zeki Müren (1931–96). Müren has been credited as the greatest performer in Turkey and a modern male icon with his artistic excellence in singing and his outstanding stage performances for over 40 years. He designed his own costumes as well as those of his musicians, the décor for his performances and the choreography of the dancers. Müren appeared on his stage in black tuxedos, suits with sparkling accessories or even mini-skirts with platform shoes. He was aware of the taboos on homosexuality and how this might have affected him. Although his sexuality was in question, his sex never was. He was, after all, an exemplary male citizen of the Turkish Republic with his kindness to his audience, his charity works, his artistic status. Many fans, including the media, referred to him as a pasha, a heroic military commander, to express that he was the most influential artist in Turkey. The referential association of the fictional character with Zeki Müren will be interpreted in the article to further discuss the portrayal of the queer performance in the series. For this purpose, the article will introduce the conceptualization of nonosh, a polite yet explicit contempt, and present an embraceable form of queer identity in Turkish society to define the common portraiture of queer in Turkish popular films and TV shows.


Large-eddy simulations (LES) of a single-phase, turbulent flow in a 90° pipe bend are performed at three Reynolds numbers (5300, 27 000, and 45 000) to investigate the correlation between secondary flow motion and wall shear stresses, which is suspected to be a potential mechanism responsible for material erosion. The isothermal flows are validated against available experimental and numerical data first. The snapshot proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) is applied for the medium and high Reynolds number flows to identify the secondary flow motions and the oscillation of the Dean vortices that are found to cause swirl-switching. Distinguished frequencies of the POD time coefficients at Strouhal numbers of 0.25 and 0.28 are identified for Reynolds numbers at 27 000 and 45 000, respectively. Moreover, shear stress on the pipe wall and the associated power spectral density are obtained and shown to have the same oscillating frequency as the swirl-switching.


Efficient human-robot collaboration during physical interaction requires estimating the human state for optimal role allocation and load sharing. In this study, we present a transfer learning approach based on convolution neural networks (CNN) to predict motor control difficulty from muscle activities of subject (surface EMG) data in a physical human-robot interaction (pHRI) task. Twenty six individuals participated in a pHRI experiment where a subject guides the end-effector with different levels of motor control difficulty. The motor control difficulty is varied by changing the damping parameter of the robot from low to high and constraining the motion to gross and fine movements. A CNN network with raw EMG as input is used to classify the motor control difficulty. The CNN transfer learning is compared against Riemann geometry-based Procrustes analysis (RPA). With very few labeled samples from new subjects, we demonstrate that the CNN-based transfer learning approach (avg. 69.77%) outperforms the RPA transfer learning (avg. 59.20%). Moreover, we observe that the subject's skill level in the pre-trained model has no significant effect on the transfer learning performance of the new users.


As a prototypical nuclear hormone receptor, the androgen receptor (AR) signals via a sequential cascade triggered by binding to androgenic ligands such as testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT). This cascade includes dimerization of the ligand-receptor complex, nuclear translocation, chromatin binding to response elements, recruitment of TOP2B and co-activator complexes, and induction of an effector transcriptional program. In prostate cancers, this AR signaling cascade is an essential driver of growth and survival, yet its activity confers potential vulnerabilities through transient TOP2B-mediated DNA double strand breaks. We investigated the ability of non-steroidal AR ligands to activate initial steps of the AR signaling cascade up to the point of AR- and TOP2B-mediated double strand breaks, with subsequent arrest of the signaling cascade to prevent induction of pro-growth/survival transcriptional programs in prostate cancer cells. We identified hydroxyflutamide (FLU) as such an androgen receptor arrested agonist; in androgen-deprived conditions, FLU induced AR nuclear translocation, chromatin binding, and TOP2B-mediated double strand breaks, but failed to induce AR target gene expression and prostate cancer cell growth. The FLU-mediated arrest in the signaling cascade could be attributed to the inability of FLU to allow association of AR with SMARCD2, a critical component of the BAF chromatin remodeling complex required for androgen induced AR co-activation. Interestingly, the FLU-induced, AR- and TOP2B-mediated double strand breaks could be used to selectively sensitize AR-positive prostate cancer cells to ionizing radiation in vitro and in vivo. These findings support a novel arrested agonist paradigm for selective radiosensitization of prostate cancer cells without inducing AR-mediated pro-growth and survival transcriptional programs.


A level set formulation in a generalized curvilinear coordinate is developed to simulate the free surface waves generated by moving bodies or the sloshing of fluid in a container. The Reynolds‐averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) equations are modified to account for variable density and viscosity in two‐phase (i.e. water–air) fluid flow systems. A local level set method is used to update the level set function and a least square technique adopted to re‐initialize it at each time step. To assess the developed algorithm and its versatility, a selection of different fluid–structure interaction problems are examined, i.e. an oscillating flow in a two‐dimensional square tank, a breaking dam involving different density fluids, sloshing in a two‐dimensional rectangular tank and a Wigley ship hull travelling in calm water. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Meaning and sense are analyzed in this article as structural and functional units of consciousness. Different interpretations by other researchers are compared, and an interpretation is offered concerning how these units are related to reality and human activity.


The article discusses linguistic aspects of modern political discourse. The research aims at describing the use of discourse markers by American politicians in political debates. The classifications and functions of discourse markers as reflected in linguistic literature are analyzed. Special attention is given to the distribution of the units in question and their intonation characteristics in the speech of American politicians.


The rigid-elastic coupling model of air suspension and the virtual prototype model of the commercial heavy-duty truck are established by means of finite element and multi-body dynamic methods. The virtual prototype model of the truck is validated by experiment and simulation analysis of a pulse excitation response. A digital Belgian block road is modelled based on measured data from a proving ground. Stress-time history of the shoulder pole beam is calculated when the virtual prototype is run on the road. Fatigue analysis of the shoulder pole beam is completed by rainflow counting method and Miner's linear fatigue cumulation damage theory.


The paper contains the results of an exact series of measurements of the absorption-spectra of the vapours of the element bromine and of the compound iodine monochloride, made with the object of ascertaining whether the molecules of these two gases vibrate identically or similarly, their molecular weights and colour of the vapours being almost identical. The two spectra, which are both channelled, were compared simultaneously by means of one of Kirchhoff's 4-prism spectroscopes, the position of the lines being read off by reflection on an arbitrary scale. In order to determine the wave-lengths of these bands, the wave-length of each of 27 air-lines lying between the extremes of the absorption-spectra was ascertained by reference to Thalén's numbers; whilst for the purpose of reducing the readings of the absorption-bands to wave-lengths a graphical method was employed, the details of which are given in the paper. This method appears to be one of general applicability for the plotting of spectra. Tables then follow giving the wave-lengths of 66 bands of each absorption-spectrum; and a map accompanies the text in which the bands are drawn to a scale one half that of Ångström's "Spectre Normal."


Space robot can fly or float in the space to help or replace astronauts to perform space welding task. For a planar free floating dual-arm space robot, the path planning of welding torch position and configuration in tracking space weld is studied. On the basis of kinetic model of dual-arm space robot, the computational approach of robot arm end velocity is discussed and analyzed, and the solution of dual-arm end velocity is defined as a multi-dimentional searching problem, which is solved by introducing Genetic Algrithom to optimize calculation parameter. Finally, an algrithom of path planning of dual-arm space robot tracking space weld is proposed, which is verified and analyzed by two simulation experiments of line and arc welding seam tracking.


Mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties of natural rubber/recycled ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (NR/R-EPDM) blends were simultanoeusly enhanced by electron beam (EB) irradiation. The cross-linking promoter, trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA), was also introduced into the blends to induce the cross-linking. By applying EB irradiation, the tensile modulus, hardness, swelling, cross-link density, and storage modulus increased with increase in the irradiation dose; an irradiation dose of 50 kGy was efficient to gain optimum tensile strength. The formation of irradiation-induced cross-links after EB irradiation is a major concern for the enhancement of mechanical, swelling resistance, and dynamic mechanical properties of the blends.


Wireless technologies employing small sensors are particularly useful since they allow monitoring of kinetic and physiological data without affecting any individual in motion. The primary objective of this collaborative research between the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computing Sciences and the Department of Athletes at the University of Cincinnati is to build a wireless system using a wireless body area sensor network (WBASN) for the overhead squat in assessing one element of human movement and its relationship to the kinematic lower extremity movement and injuries. This research can provide an objective analysis of the pilot data for movement of the human body during regular athletic exercises.


The complete negation of misogynistic hadiths towards women is still not possible due to a textual and non-comprehensive understanding of the hadiths. This article aims to address this issue by presenting an analysis of Quraish Shihab's interpretation of the hadith regarding the creation of Eve from Adam's curved rib bone and differentiating his view from several other commentators. Using a literature review approach, this study shows that the term "curved rib bone" is not intended to disrespect women but merely as an illustration. Philosophically, the curved rib symbolizes women's inherent nature, which, when hardened, makes it difficult for men to straighten it out. This depiction aims to make men aware of and understand women's nature and to develop a wise attitude towards them. Quraish Shihab's ideas can be a recommendation for understanding hadiths with misogynistic nuances so that biases in understanding and actions towards women can be minimized effectively.


The kit fox, Vulpes macrotis nevadensis Goldman, is perhaps the least known of the Canidae found in Utah, and most of the Utah literature on this animal is concerned with taxonomy and distribution. In his revised account of Utah mammals, Barnes (1927) listed the kit fox as Vulpes velox velox and commented on its abundance in the state. Fautin (1946) mentioned it as a major influent in the northern desert shrub biome in western Utah and included some observations on food habits. Durrant (1952) mapped the kit fox distribution for the state and listed Utah specimens examined by him as referable to Vulpes macrotis nevadensis .

This paper presents the results of a kit fox study made from July, 1951, to July, 1955, in south-central Tooele County, Utah. More specifically, the study area includes the desert valleys bounded on the west by Granite Peak, on the northwest by the salt flats of the Great Salt Lake Desert, on the northeast by the Cedar Mountains, and on the south by Simpson Mountain and the north end of Dugway Mountains. Elevations along the valley floors range from about 4,300 feet to 4,800 feet.

The principal aim of this study was to determine the natural involvement potential of the kit fox in the epizoology of endemic diseases in the area. In this respect the food habits and host-parasite relationships are of prime importance.

Many members of the staff of Ecological Research, University of Utah, gave assistance or made useful suggestions during this study. Acknowledgment is given to E. A. Shippee for permission to use his unpublished data; to E. Ekker, B. N. Day, J. Smith, W. J. Bacha and E. M. Rosasco for assistance during various phases of the field work; and to C. Jorgensen who identified the specimens of Ixodes texanus , …


Stress-corrosion cracking of steel occurs in the CO-C02-H20 system when these three environmental components are present together. The dissolved carbon monoxide in the water forms an inhibitive layer on the surface of the steel. Rupture of the adsorbed layer by slip steps on the surface of the steel causes the exposure of uninhibited steel if plastic deformation occurs. Dissolved carbon dioxide accelerates the corrosion rate at this location. A crack forms when the corrosion is concentrated to form a crack tip, while corrosion of the crack flanks is inhibited. Due to the conservation of charge, crack growth relies on cathodic processes on the external surfaces. Cathodic reactions need not be confined to the crack tip and crack flanks, but may also occur on the external surfaces. To handle cracking in a practical context, critical stress intensities and corresponding growth rates are necessary for design purposes. The critical stress intensity for stress-corrosion cracking K1scc was determined by measuring the current flow from an external cathode, with comparisons with the crack growth rate. Crack propagation was measured with the potential drop method. The double cantilever beam specimens were coated with silicone rubber to limit corrosion to a small region around the crack. This allowed measuring of the current flow between the crack tip and two steel cathodes at the sides of the specimen. The current responses were correlated with the actual crack propagation. Experiments were conducted by testing C-Mn steel in distilled water with a 50°/o CO 50°/o C02 gas mixture at 45°C and 800 kPa. It was found that K1scc can be predicted by using the current measurements. It appears that with such "electrochemical noise measurements" important factors that influence the cracking process can be investigated. The required inhibitor addition was evaluated and between 200 and 1000 ppm potassium bichromate was required to mitigate stress-corrosion cracks significantly. Constant deflection tests confirmed the low stress threshold of C-Mn steel exposed to industrial environments with carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. Therefore, the ineffectiveness of stress relieving post-weld heat treatments to inhibit cracking is clear.


Tide is one of the most important phenomena in the oceans. In all over the world as well as in Vietnam, the tide has been studied very early and such great achievements have been recorded.However, under the impact of climate changes and sea level rise, the local-to-regional-scalechanges will cause significant changes in the coastal system. This paper gives some results ofresearch on the tidal changes in the central region of Vietnam by using the hydrodynamic modeland data analysing model. The simulation results of the tide in the central coast of Vietnam showthat the tide can change both in the amplitude and phase distribution of the tidal constituents as M2,S2, K1 and O1. Specifically, the results of the average values of M2 are 0.1 m and 10.20; for S2 are0.12 m and 12.50; for K1 are 0.2 m and 17.20; for O1 are 0.21 m and 20.20. Some results of thisstudy showed that the most important contribution to the change of the tide in the region is thechange of topography and the submerged areas.


The well known relief in Naples with a representation of a scene from comedy can be shown to be a copy of an original of the period of Menander. The archetype was probably a painting, but it was copied in a number of media including terracottas, gems and ivories as well as relief sculpture. Points raised include the function of representations of dramatic scenes in the various media, the transmission process, a mistake in the depiction of the Naples version, the evidence archaeological material provides for the popularity of Early Hellenistic comedy at various times and places in the Hellenistic and Roman world, and the apparent importance of this particular scene.


Pelabuhanratu located in strategic coastal area, make it as the Centre of Growth in Sukabumi District. In this regard, landcover changes continue to occur and could trigger unsustainable environmental. The purpose of this study is to analysis the land cover change of Pelabuhanratu city until 2032. The Cellular Automata-Markov is used to identify the spatial growth, several factors that encourage the landcover change used as an input. The driving factor was build based on fuzzy logic, the variables are proximity to road, proximity to river, proximity to coastline proximity to point of interest, elevation, slope and landcover. Then, suitability area for built up area as input for Cellular Automata-Markov tools. Landcover was obtained from google earth in 2002, 2010 and 2017 then used as the basis for model calculation. The prediction result shows that land cover change in Pelabuhanratu city is very significant with the Kappa Standard level reach 91% accuracy. Built up area has extended from the previous condition that coming from agricultural area. Moreover, the area growth with linear pattern at south area, spread pattern at north area and crowded at west area.


Taking K162+625.9 prestress cored slab bridge as example, the calculation methods of post tensioned extension value of prestress steel strands are introduced in this paper. by tension and check design prestress is correctly acted. At the same time the matters paid much attention in construction and calculation are given.


This paper explores how to use "Interactive Innovation"mode of teaching in the class of general volleyball and several points teachers should pay attention to in using the new mode.Compared with the traditional teaching mode,the "Interactive Innovation"mode demonstrates more advantages and effects,and thus it deserves popularization in the university volleyball general lessons.


Michael Sandel sees Rawls' liberal theory of justice as abstractly uncomprehensive of another, republican view of the essential relation of political life to moral culture. But, as reference to the debates of the Civil War and the New Deal show, his own jeremiadic account of American history equally misrepresents the dialectical interplay of liberal and republican moments that is essential in American freedom.


What is backlash, and how might it vary? I view misogyny and backlash as operating on a continuum. Misogyny and backlash are both organized around power that is structured through hierarchy. Backlash is concerned with impeding the exchange of power from those who "should" have it (i.e., the "natural" power holders at the top of the hierarchy) to those who "should not" (i.e., the remaining groups below). Following this, backlash is the moment of revelation. It is the point when a group's treatment signals that a do-not-cross line has been breached. For some, the distance between everyday lived experience and the line of backlash is relatively small; for others, it may be quite significant. Finally, I argue that the backlash spectrum is best understood as multinodal. Such a conception can unpack the hierarchical organization of power as it relates to backlash, and it can capture the interaction of privilege and disadvantage within and among the different groups, especially different groups of women, that experience backlash differently.


A study on urban politics and governance has to take into account the actual urbanisation process and the nature of the urban settlements that exist as objective realities. Urbanisation is generally considered as a matter of physical residence and hence, it is defined as the progressive concentration of people in urban areas. The study of urbanisation thus usually concerns the level and tempo of change in the distribution of population between urban and non-urban areas, the size structure of urban population distribution and the processes that give rise to a typical pattern of urbanisation.1 However, the process of urbanisation also has its socio-anthropological dimensions whereby it is described as a 'way of life'. Accordingly, urban places are distinguished by the life styles of their inhabitants. Affected by the qualities of population size, density and heterogeneity, which typify urban settlements, an urban life-style is characterised by relative anonymity and a lack of face to face interactions than among the ruralites. Residing in cities, in and of itself, tends to alter people's minds and social lives. The differences that exist between ways of life in the city and the countryside also result from different types of people coming to live in each place, and from different economic circumstances in the communities.2 Cities embody the diversity and energy of human pursuits. They are in many ways remarkable engines of economic and social progress. Cities offer employment opportunities, entertainment and other


Human activities in forest areas such as over-harvesting of Begonia species without being balanced with their cultivation activities can threaten the existence of Begonia in nature. Autecological studies of species in their natural habitat are the initial activities for the conservation of plant species. The purpose of this study was to study the distribution of Begonia on Flores and environmental/ microclimate characteristics in several locations on Flores Island. The 10x10 m plots were placed with purposive sampling with a minimum interval of 50 m. Multivariate analysis using Canonical Corespondence Analysis (CCA) was employed to determine the effect of microclimatic factors on the composition of vegetation. Begonia kelimutensis is endemic in Kelimutu National Park, Flores lives at an altitude of 1,527 asl, at soil pH 5,8 and soil moisture of 75%, with a slope of 10 ° on the forest floor and light intensity 4,640 klux. In addition, five types of Begonia that we estimate have not been identified and two of them are identified as Begonia sumbawaensis Girm. and Begonia brangbosangensis Girm. Begonia kelimutuensis is distributed at a higher altitude than Begonia brangbosangensis. B. sumbawaensis is influenced by the slope factor while B. longifolia tends to be related to the air humidity factor. B. kelimutuensis is also often found living with Macaranga sp., and Litsea sp. B. brangbosangensis, also found near Homalanthus sp. and Calliandra callothyrsus.


First, I examine the link between the voter expectation of the 2004 Presidential Election outcome and stock performance before the Election Day, November 2, 2004. I find that the probability of a Bush-win had been capitalized into the returns of the politically sensitive portfolios from 06/01/2004 to 11/02/2004. Second, using the 90 stocks in the Bush and Kerry sectors, I document that, on the day after the Election, individual stock returns are significantly and positively related to the corporation contributions to Bush. The results suggest that the stock market efficiently incorporates information on electoral prospects and campaign contributions.


A minimum weight flexural actuator comprising a triangular truss core and Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) actuation elements is designed. The two-way actuation element design is described. The actuation force and strain of SMA actuation elements are obtained by solving a coupled problem that combines a thermomechanical constitutive model of SMAs, heat conduction equation and the spring response. The optimal algorithms are developed to obtain the optimal design parameters and the minimum weight, subject to multiple nonlinear constraints.


Background and Objectives HBV and HCV are the most common types of viral hepatitis in thalassemia and hemdialysis patients. The most important risk factor in these two groups of patients is blood transfusion. This descriptive study was aimed to determine the prevalence rate of hepatitis B and C among dialysis and thalassemic patients. Materials and Methods This prospective cross-sectional study was performed on all thalassemic patients in South Khorasan and dialyzed patients in Birjand city. A questionnaire aimed to retrieve information about age, sex, frequency of annual blood transfusion, time of diagnosis, and history of vaccination was prepared. Their sera were tested for HBs Ag, anti-HBc, anti-HBs, and antiHCV Ab by using Elisa third generation. SPSS software was finally used for data analysis. Results Out of 38 thalassemic patients, 21 (54.1%) were male and 17 (45.9%) female. All of them had been vaccinated for HBV. Out of thalassemics, 56.8% were anti-HBs positive (CI 95% = 40.872.8). We also studied 30 dialyzed patients 66.7% of whom male. Out of the 30 dialyzed patients, 36.7% had been vaccinated for HBV with 26.7% being anti-HBs positive, 6.7% HBs Ag positive (CI 95% = 3.4-30) and 16.7% anti-HBc positive and statistical analysis showed no significant correlation between HBs Ag positivity and anti-HBs positivity (p= 0.36). Conclusions Our results showed that prevalence of HCV in thalassemic and dialysis patients was zero, while prevalence of HBV in multitransfused patients in this study was 3%. It is a reemphasis on the role of effective blood donor selection and screening in decreasing prevalence and incidence of infection.


Disclosed is an impeller device of an outer rotor axial flow fan with a heat dissipation structure, comprising an impeller body (2) and an intermediate body (3). The impeller body (2) consists of several fan blades (1) and an outer circular ring body (11), and the intermediate body (3) consists of an inner circular ring body (12) and engagement bodies evenly distributed on the inner circular ring body. A protrusion is provided on an inner surface of the outer circular ring body (11) towards at least one end face of the outer circular ring body. A starting position of the protrusion is located on one end face of the engagement body, and the protrusion ends on the end face of the outer circular ring body (11) higher than the intermediate body (3). The inner circular ring body (12) and the outer circular ring body (11) are fixedly connected to each other by means of injection moulding or die casting in hollowed-out portions formed in the engagement bodies. The device has the following beneficial effects: increasing the strength of a blade root part of an impeller body; and enhancing air flow, facilitating the heat dissipation of the blade root part and the electric motor body, thereby guaranteeing that the fan runs well.


Abstract The circadian rhythm in the level of activity of rat hepatic β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (EC 18.104.22.168) is characterized by a rapid, 5- to 8-fold increase in activity from the basal level (9 a.m. to 4 p.m.) to a peak at midnight followed by a rapid decrease back to the basal level. In this study actinomycin D, even in high doses (400 µg/100 g), was found to have no effect on the basal enzyme level or on the rate of decline from the peak but did partially suppress the increase. Epinephrine administration during the period of basal or declining enzyme activity elicited a marked increase in reductase activity which could be prevented by concurrent actinomycin D treatment. Administration of cholesterol in corn oil by stomach tube at the time of peak reductase level produced decreases in activity 4 to 8 hours later to levels less than 50% of those in controls given oil alone. Since previous evidence indicates little or no synthesis of reductase during this period in normal rats, these results suggest that cholesterol may be stimulating the rate of breakdown or inactivation of the reductase. Cholesterol administration during the basal level period gave a 50% reduction of enzyme activity 5 hours later. Preliminary results on microsomal-free and esterfied cholesterol indicated that 4 to 7 hours after cholesterol feeding a decrease in microsomal reductase activity was correlated with an increase in the ester fraction. It is at present not clearly established whether an increase in concentration of microsomal cholesterol esters must precede the inhibition of reductase activity brought about by dietary cholesterol.


.......................................................................................................... i Acknowledgements..................................................................................... iii Table of contents ........................................................................................ iv Table of figures .......................................................................................... xii Table of tables ........................................................................................ xviii Nomenclature ........................................................................................... xix Chapter


The quadratic general rotation unitized design was used to study effects of combined application of nitrogen and potassium on plant fresh weight(PFW) and raw fiber yield(RFY) of ramie variety Zhongzhu NO.2.The results showed that the order of PFW in one year was the same as RFY: first harvestthird harvest second harvest;the order of ratio of RFY to PFW was second harvestthird harvestfirst harvest.There were significant regression relation between PFW and RFY.The analyzing results of software DPSv7.05 indicated that the optimal combination of nitrogen and potassium for PFW was 300 kg/hm2 of N and 406.065 kg/hm2of K2O;the optimal combination of nitrogen and potassium for RFY was 268.8 kg/hm2 of N and 406.065 kg/hm2 of K2O.


Most multiple object tracking methods rely on object detection methods in order to initialize new tracks and to update existing tracks. Although strongly interconnected, tracking and detection are usually addressed as separate building blocks. However both parts can benefit from each other, e.g. the affinity model from the tracking method can reuse appearance features already calculated by the detector, and the detector can use object information from past in order to avoid missed detection. Towards this end, we propose a multiple object tracking method that jointly performs detection and tracking in a single neural network architecture. By training both parts together, we can use optimized parameters instead of heuristic decisions over the track lifetime. We adapt the Single Shot MultiBox Detector (SSD)[14] to serve single frame detection to a recurrent neural network (RNN), which combines detections into tracks. We show initial prove of concept on the DETRAC[26] benchmark with competitive results, illustrating the feasibility of learnable track management. We conclude with a discussion of open problems on the MOT16[15] benchmark.


Objective To prepare polyvinyl alcohol eye drops,establish its quality control and determine its stability and safety.Methods We optimized the prescription and preparation technology.The character,identification and examination were tested.The content of polyvinyl alcohol eye drops was determined by UV.Stress testing,accelerated testing and long-term testing were used to study its stability.The safety was evaluated by local irritation test.ResultsThe linear relation of polyvinyl alcohol was excellent within 12.0-28.0 μg·mL-1(r=0.999 9),and the mean recovery was 99.4% with RSD was 0.85%.No obvious changes were observed in the 6 month an accelerated test or 12 month long-term storage test.Conclusion The preparation is reasonable in formulation,simple and convenient in preparation technique,accurate in quality control,good in stablility,and safe in application.


Purpose: Discuss key issues and considerations about correlational research and put forward suggestions for averting potential problems during preparation and application of the design. Background and Discussion: The importance of correlational research has been reported in the literature yet many research texts including nursing books offer little discussion on the design; with several providing approximately one to three pages in chapters entitled, for example, quantitative designs. This article targets this gap by focusing key considerations for planning a correlational study. Specifically, it discusses the importance and purpose of correlational research, its application, analysis and interpretation with contextualisations to nursing and health research. Review Methods and Data Sources: Materials were sourced primarily from books on research and statistics as few relevant research papers were located. Several databases were used and the date range for searches was 1980-2015. Conclusion: Findings from correlational research can be used to determine prevalence, relationships among variables and to forecast events from current data and knowledge. In spite of its many uses however, prudence is required when using the design and analysing data. To assist researchers in reducing mistakes key issues were singled out for discussion and several options put forward for analysing data. Implications for Healthcare Practice: Correlational research is used widely by nurses and other health professionals therefore this article should be particularly useful for novice researchers from these disciplines. Furthermore, findings generated from such research have utility for healthcare practice: they can be used for example, to inform decision-making in nursing/healthcare and improve or initiate health related activities/changes.


Perception of self-efficacy is the judgment of ability, while self-esteem is judgment about self-worth (Bandura, 1993). Self-efficacy beliefs play a key role in shaping one's life by influencing the environment and activities in which a person wishes to enter. This study tests the relationship between the personal values of adolescents and their self-efficacy levels. In addition, the predictive power of self-efficacy on personal values is also investigated. In the study, the Personal Values Scale and the Self-Efficacy Scale for Children were administered to 390 high school adolescents. Hierarchical regression analysis, t-test, and ANOVA were used in the study. As a result, positive correlations were found between self-efficacy and the sub-dimensions of personal values. It is seen that these relations are between academic and social self-efficacy and discipline-responsibility, honesty-sharing, respect-accuracy, and sharing-respect values. On the other hand, significant relationships were found between personal values and self-efficacy, and it was seen that self-efficacy predicted personal values positively. In addition, it showed that self-efficacy and personal values differed in terms of gender, perception of academic achievement, class, and parental attitudes. These versatile results obtained from the study serve as a guide for psychological counselors to reach more descriptive data for adolescents in cooperation with their colleagues and management.


The Karnataka Fertility Survey (India) covered about 3000 households in the rural areas of Dharwad Dakshina Kannada and Mandya districts in an effort to investigate the extent of decline in marital fertility. During 1960-69 to 1975-79 the total fertility rate (TFR) in the 3 districts combined declined by about 40% from 6.8 to 4.1 and marital fertility by about 28% from 7.8 to 5.7. Decline in the proportion married and increase in the percent sterilized would account for a substantial portion of the observed decline in TFR. Roughly 1/3 of the declined in TFR could be attributed to the decline in the proportion married and the remaining 2/3 to the decline in marital fertility. Fertility has declined in each of the 3 districts but the decline particularly in marital fertility has been more rapid in Dharwad and Mandya than in Dakshina Kannada. Infant and childhood mortality declined from 292/1000 live births during 1950-54 to 146/1000 during 1970-74. Mortality levels and relatively lower in Dakshina Kannada than in Dharwad and Mandya. The mean age at marrage of females is 16.1 years. Marriage age since 1950-59 has increased from 14.8 to 15.5 in Dharwad from 14.7 to 16.0 in Mandya and from 17.5 to 20.5 in Dakshina Kannada. The mean desired family size is 3.6 lower than the 4.7 observed in the Mysore Population Study around 1952. Knowledge of family planning methods particularly sterilization is widespread. Among currently married women 24% are current users of contraception with sterilization accounting for 22% and the remaining 2% using other methods. During 1965-69 contraceptive use was negligible but increased rapidly during the subsequent decade; e.g. the percent sterilized increased from less than 1 to nearly 8% in the 20-24 age group from 2 to 19% in the 25-29 age group and from 1 to 28% in the 30-34 age group. Inter-district variations have been observed. Even when controlling for socioeconomic characteristics Dakshina Kannada has higher age at marriage and Mandyalower marital fertility. Regression analysis indicates that the total explained variation is 45% for age at marriage 15% for desired family size 9% for contraceptive use and 58-66% for childred ever born. The district variables haave a strong effect particularly as regards age at marriage desired family size and contraceptive use. A significant finding is that fertility decline is possible even in conditions of poverty and illiteracy. Marital fertility has declined substantially among illiterate women as well as in the lowest income group. The levels of development in the 3 districts are far short of the threshold levels generally associated with fertility decline.


This paper explores the bureaucratized research activities (1929-1931) of the National Commission on Law Observance and Enforcement (NCLOE) from the perspective of Hattie Plum Williams' sociobiographical experience. Williams was a doctoral student of George E. Howard and earned her Ph.D. in 1915 — the first doctorate in sociology awarded by the University of Nebraska. That same year, she joined the Nebraska faculty and eventually became Chair of the Department (1922-1928).2 In 1931, at age 53, this fuU professor was called upon be an unpaid fieldworker, gathering data accord ing to rigid protocols stipulated by the NCLOE. Archival reconstruction of Williams' "view from the bottom" of the university and NCLOE bureauc racies is the special focus of this paper. This perspective purposefully opens the disciplinary record to examine a neglected woman's work in sociology (Long 1987). Max Weber (1958) astutely saw that bureaucratic organization gives maximum instrumentality to occupants of top positions in hierarchical structures. Universities and and national crime commissions are not exempt from this insight. Weber also asserted that modern bureaucracies move increasingly toward legal-rational norms of conduct. Rosabeth Moss Kanter (1979) observes, however, that Weber's thesis was true for men but not for women. Women in bureaucracies, she demonstrated, were more likely to be treated under paternal norms. This result is doubly problematic for women scholars conducting sociological investigations in large, patriarchal, bureaucratically-organized universities. Hierarchical structures shape not only their day-to-day ex perience as researchers, but also pattern the subsequent historical accounts (if any) of their scholarly labors. Too frequently, women's experiences in educational bureaucracies and the published disciplinary accounts of their work — follow anything but legal-rational norms. The story of Hattie Plum Williams' efforts on behalf of the NCLOE is a dramatic illustration of burcaucratically-generated slights and inequities in the everyday lives of many women sociologists.


In order to limit heating capacity degradation at -25 C (-13 F) ambient to 25%, compared to the nominal rating point capacity at 8.3 C (47 F), an extensive array of design and sizing options were investigated, based on fundamental equipment system modeling and building energy simulation. Sixteen equipment design options were evaluated in one commercial building and one residential building, respectively in seven cities. The energy simulation results were compared to three baseline cases: 100% electric resistance heating, a 9.6 HSPF single-speed heat pump unit, and 90% AFUE gas heating system. The general recommendation is that variable-speed compressors and tandem compressors, sized such that their rated heating capacity at a low speed matching the building design cooling load, are able to achieve the capacity goal at low ambient temperatures by over-speeding, for example, a home with a 3.0 ton design cooling load, a tandem heat pump could meet this cooling load running a single compressor, while running both compressors to meet heating load at low ambient temperatures in a cold climate. Energy savings and electric resistance heat reductions vary with building types, energy codes and climate zones. Oversizing a heat pump can result in larger energy saving in amore » less energy efficient building and colder regions due to reducing electric resistance heating. However, in a more energy-efficient building or for buildings in warmer climates, one has to consider balance between reduction of resistance heat and addition of cyclic loss.« less


Reciprocal pairs of quantum channels are defined as completely positive transformations which admit a rigid, distance-preserving, yet not completely-positive transformation that allows to reproduce the outcome of one from the corresponding outcome of the other. From a classical perspective these transmission lines should exhibit the same communication efficiency. This is no longer the case in the quantum setting: explicit asymmetric behaviours are reported studying the classical communication capacities of reciprocal pairs of depolarizing and Weyl-covariant channels.


Increasing demand of high speed in data and image processing; optical computing has been proved its inevitability through its inherent properties. Different logic gates are the essential part of the processing unit. Semiconductor optical amplifier properties have created a new interest in the field of construction of the all optical logic gates with various encoding techniques. Phase encoding drew more attention to the researchers as it shows extended tolerance limit in long-haul fiber transmission system with higher receiver sensitivity. Thus phase encoding gives high spectral efficiency in optical computing and communication both. Four wave mixing (FWM) in semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) is an intra band non linear process so it requires very short switching time. Thus phase encoding with FWM in SOA for the construction of the all optical logic processor gives very high-speed operation. Some optical logic gates already proposed and demonstrated experimentally by some research groups using phase encoding with the help of FWM in SOA. Here in this communication the


Modern world with its interactional and structural complexity and high dynamics requires a use of efficient and effective educational environments and particular tools, enabling descriptive, visualized and convincing educational experiences for both parties of the educational process: students and teachers. The purpose of the article is to describe in detail the specifics of using «Economics games» business simulations in the educational process of higher education establishments. Preliminary theoretical analysis, experimentation, observation, induction and post-experiment analysis of the results and life-related implications have been used in the research. The research examines the process of using «The Red/Green Simulation» from «Economic games» catalogue to visualize and describe problems of public goods and personal gains balancing in the society. The concept and the simulation give possibility to examine the participants' behavior towards public goods and personal gains concept, separated from their life-related values, believes, and domain-specific knowledge. This approach enables studying the outcome of the interaction when the common result of the group deviates from that, favorable for each member. The research presents a new approach of using business simulations of economic concept in the educational process of higher education establishments. The research results give the evidence of possibility, efficiency and effectiveness of using business simulations in the educational process of higher education establishments for introduction to the critical real-world interactions, leaving individual perceptions, believes and domain-related knowledge out of the scope of learning experience. Future research needs to be conducted to explore possibility to use this particular simulation and other similar simulations in the other areas and on the other levels of education.


cc X T HEN forced, therefore, to resort to arms for redress," wrote A/1I Thomas Jefferson in explaining what his most famous vY s work was designed to do, "an appeal to the tribunal of the world was deemed proper for our justification. This was the object of the Declaration of Independence. Not to find out new principles, or new arguments, never before thought of, not merely to say things which had never been said before; but to place before mankind the common sense of the subject, in terms so plain and firm as to command their assent, and to justify ourselves in the independent stand we are compelled to take. Neither aiming at originality of principle or sentiment, nor yet copied from any particular and previous writing, it was intended to be an expression of the American mind, and to give to that expression the proper tone and spirit called for by the occasion. All its authority rests then on the harmonizing sentiments of the day, whether expressed in conversation, in letters, printed essays, or in the elementary books of public right, as Aristotle, Cicero, Locke, Sidney, &c."1 These serene and judicious words have been on occasion invoked not only to prove Jefferson's own full awareness that the Declaration of Independence made use of familiar ideas but also to provide the opportunity to assert that the greatness of that document lies in its being a true and living reflection of what the men of its time accepted and believed. Thus Carl Becker, as he prepares to examine the antecedents of Jefferson's philosophy of natural rights, quotes part of the passage just cited to give weight to his own belief that Jefferson was right in drawing upon familiar


This paper proposes fusion analysis of high-resolution multispectral and panchromatic satellite imageries for forest type classification. We have shown the performance of forest type classification using panchromatic and multispectral high-resolution QuickBird satellite imageries separately. With texture features obtained from a panchromatic imagery, forest was classified into two types, such as coniferous and broad-leaved forests. On the other hand, with spectral features obtained from a multispectral imagery, forest was classified into six types, such as three coniferous, one broad-leaved and two mixed forests. These results showed that both texture and spectral features are effective for classification of forest types. In this paper, we apply the object-based classification using the common segments obtained from a pansharpen imagery to fusion and single imagery analysis in order to compare the difference only between texture and spectral features. The mean value of each texture and spectral feature from a segment is adopted in the supervised classification, the standard nearest neighbor method, using radiometrically corrected satellite imageries. We selected the contrast as texture feature, and normalized band values and differences between normalized band values as spectral features. From the comparison of the result with ones obtained from a single imagery analysis, we demonstrated that data fusion analysis exceeds a single imagery analysis in accuracy.


This report describes work done to develop a method for the determination of low-level mercury in organics from a chemical plant. The method developed is based on heating the sample with phosphoric acid, collecting the atomic mercury produced on a gold-plated Nichrome wire, followed by thermally releasing the mercury through a UV spectrophotometer. The method is useful down to a few ppb mercury.


Recent experiments have revealed attosecond delays in the emission of electrons from atoms ionized by extreme UV light, offering a glimpse into the ultrafast nature of light-induced electron dynamics. In this work, we extend these measurements to the strong-field above-threshold ionization (ATI) regime, by measuring delays in the photoemission of electrons from argon in the presence of an intense laser field. We probe the ATI process with a weak coherent reference, at half the laser frequency. The interfering ionization signal reveals the relative spectral phase of adjacent ATI channels, with an equivalent resolution of a few attoseconds. These relative delays depend on the strong field, and approach zero at higher intensity. Our phase measurements of ATI electrons show how strong fields alter ionization dynamics in atoms.


This paper is devoted to the problem of determining intraparticle transport coefficients for multicomponent adsorption from experimental kinetic curves. Due to thermodynamic and kinetic interactions between the mixture's components, this task is more difficult than for single component systems. As an example, the kinetics of adsorption on activated carbon of binary mixtures of phenol and indole from aqueous solutions was studied in a continuous stirred tank adsorber (CSTA). To describe the intraparticle transport of this system, the surface diffusion model using a linear driving force (LDF) was applied. For determining the matrix of the unknown kinetic parameters of the LDF-model, the application of three independent mathematical methods is discussed. Firstly, a semi-analytical calculation (SA) of the intraparticle transport parameters by solving a system of linear equations on the basis of an empirical description of experimental kinetic curves is put forward. Secondly, a non-linear regression (NR) method for parameter estimation was applied. The third method is a non-linear regression which, in contrast to the SA and NR methods, guarantees the stability of the system of differential equations in the steady state of the process (NRS).


The typical quantum spin Hall (QSH) insulator acquires its band gap through spin–orbit coupling (SOC). However, the intrinsic SOC in most materials is rather weak and creates small band gaps comparable to kBT. Here, we present a method to open a giant band gap (>1 eV) in a QSH phase with a weak SOC, employing the tight‐binding (TB) Kane–Mele model for the QSH insulator with the additional feature of periodic defects. By tuning the periodicity of structural defects, one can induce the intervalley scattering to open a large band gap, and we show that the characteristic metallic edge modes of a QSH phase persist even with the inclusion of such periodic defects. Our TB calculations show the existence of a Z2 odd QSH phase in a Kane–Mele model modified to include periodic defects, demonstrating the coexistence of a giant band gap and the QSH effect with weak SOC.


PURPOSE: To obtain the subject derivative useful as an intermediate for amino acid, etc., simply, safely, efficiently and in high yield by reducing a specific alkylidene hydantoin derivative with formic acid (salt) in the presence of a palladium catalyst. CONSTITUTION: A 5-alkylidenehydantoin derivative of formula I [R 1 and R 2 are H, (substituted) alkyl, (substituted) aryl or (substituted) heterocyclic] is reduced with formic acid or its salt in the presence of a palladium catalyst such as palladium carbon to give the objective derivative. COPYRIGHT: (C)1993,JPO&Japio


Abstract Primary Sjogren's syndrome (SS) is a systemic autoimmune disease that primarily affects the exocrine glands, resulting in dryness of the mucosal membranes, particularly of the eyes and mouth. Considerable advance has been made for the classification and treatment of primary SS in the past few years. This article reviews the recent classification criteria for primary SS and briefly discusses the conventional and novel therapies of the disease.


The orientation, moving and operation of geodetic, land surveyors, geophysical, government agencies, civil engineers, and other field teams in a trackless region is facilitated by the application of the Global Positioning System, (GPS). Also, the portable GPS receiver helps co-ordinate «earth-to-air» a,d «earth-to-earth» operations. Errors of the GPS in positioning by co-ordinates and direction are nowadays relatively minimal, for the obtained satellite information on stand-point co-ordinates or the sketch of the passed course is instantaneous, disregarding the field configuration and visibility. After thorough scientific and military research, the GPS is becoming more widely applied


The present invention, while the optical properties are excellent, and simply relates to an optical film that can be manufactured at low cost. Transparent polymer film layer and a non-liquid crystal polymer in the optical film of the birefringent layer is formed by laminating the birefringent layers are nx≥ny> nz satisfying the condition of, and further 50㎚ the in-plane retardation of the transparent polymer film layer below It shall be. In the formula, nx, ny, and nz represents the X-axis direction, Y axis direction and the refractive index of Z-axis direction in the birefringent layer, respectively. And the X-axis direction is a direction of axis showing a maximum refractive index in the plane direction of the birefringent layer, and the Y-axis direction perpendicular to the axial direction with respect to the X-axis direction in the plane, the Z-axis direction is the X-axis direction and it represents a thickness direction perpendicular to the Y-axis direction. The optical film, the birefringent layer, phase difference, non-liquid crystalline polymer, refractive index, polarization plate


A newly developed rapid coagglutination test for identifying Haemophilus influenzae type b organisms isolated from clinical specimens correlated 100% with the slide agglutination test but was 100- to 200-fold more sensitive.


In this paper, we first develop a one-factor diffusion model for electricity prices, which is based on a power transformation of CIR process. We show that the new model is tractable and we are able to derive the analytical solutions for future and future option prices. To enhance the model's ability to capture the prices spikes, we extend it to a time-changed model where the price is modelled by a nonlinear CIR process time changed by Levy subordinators. We employ the eigenfunction expansion methods to obtain the closed-form solutions for the derivatives. Our empirical study indicates the new models have the potential to capture the main features of electricity data better than the competing models.


The dynamic scheduling system for steel-making in MES has been discussed. Based on the detailed analysis of the control of this problem, an inspired algorithm has been put forward, which includes the steps of dividing and ruling, and then those of searching fields. At the same time, the dynamic assigning schemes for various disturbances have been described. The application of the method in the stainless steel plant has obtained great effects


Process Hazards Analysis (PHA) is a systematic identification, evaluation and
mitigation of potential process hazards, which could endanger the health and safety of
humans and cause serious economic losses. PHA is often solely relied on expert
imaginative thinking in simulating hazard conditions. Especially in Hazard and operability
study (HAZOP), where intensive human resources involving time and high cost required. A
risk managing virtual reality simulation supported by automated HAZOP proposed to
eliminate analysis redundancies and bring static 'paper-base' analysis to more dynamic and
interactive virtual analysis simulation. However, the efficiency of VR simulator depends on
the scenario accuracy to the real world that can be simulated. In this paper, we introduce
the system's artificial intelligent engine responsible for generating the most accurate and
highest possibility to happen scenario case. A fuzzy – CBR method enables the engine to
classify and used real past scenario combining with suitable parameters to create a defined
scenario. This method resolves issues in balancing between computational complexity and
knowledge elicitation. A reactor section of a VGO hydrodesulphurization process is used to
illustrate proposed method.


Abstract : The in Tactical Emergency Medical Support interested but civilian anaesthetist author tried to create an algorithm for the management of casualties in tactical setting. During this work was he confined over the current civilian pre-hospital trauma textbooks only to the freely accessible printed and electronic military sources. An electronic correspondence with two experts of this topic [Col.(ret.) Clifford C. Cloonan MD, FACEP and Capt. Frank K. Butler, Jr., MD] pointed out that the traditional civilian emergency medical approach is suitable for this case only with important restrictions and modifications due to necessities of the special operations. Their advises have changed from an originally pathophysiologically oriented, strictly designed, and slightly complicated algorithm to a more practical, loose and simple flowchart. Unfortunately there is not any official and organized interest in Hungary for TEMS, therefore the author can t report concrete results but he would get gratefully any feedback from the professional providers.


Low leakage circuit may include a first, second, and third transistors are P-channel or N-channel FET. The first transistor provides an output current when enabled and presents low leakage current when disabled. A second transistor to enable or disable the first transistor. A third transistor of the first transistor is connected to a predetermined voltage (e.g., V DD or V SS ), or isolated from the predetermined voltage. The circuit may further include a first transistor is disabled when the electrode provides a reference voltage pass transistor (pass transistor) to the source of the first transistor. In an ON state, the first transistor provides an output current, and the second and third transistors do not impact performance. In the OFF state, the second and third transistors are used to provide a suitable voltage to the first transistor to place it in a low leakage state. The first, second, and third transistors may be used for low-leakage current source within a current mirror, an amplifier stage and the like.


Wireless network intrusion detection model and safety enhancement framework for campus network is designed in this manuscript. The security design of the campus network should meet the characteristics of the high performance, high reliability, and high security. At first, the initial antibody gene library is extracted and constructed by analyzing known network intrusion behaviors, and then a set of genes from the antibody gene library is randomly selected to simulate the traditional gene expression process for recombination. By binary encoding each attribute feature forms a random binary string as the detection element. In the negative selection process, the intrusion detection system randomly selects the continuous bit matching rule or the Hamming matching rule to generate the various novel models. These new models are simulated to verify the performance.


Todorov et al (2005) demonstrated that people could make competence judgments about faces with only 100 millisecond exposures that were predictive of electoral victories. Others have since shown that Swiss children can predict the outcome of French elections when they pick which face they would want to be the 'captain of the boat' in an adventure game. And, Indians and Americans can pick the winners of Mexican and Brazilian political contests just by looking at their faces. The automaticity, early development, and universality of this ability suggests it is likely instantiated in a basic cognitive process. We show that a computer model of the V1 region of the primate visual cortex that has performed very well in prior object recognition tasks can predict winners of elections based purely on candidate appearance and at a rate comparable to human subjects.