Dear Sir, We read with great interest the recent study by Makovey et al. on outcomes following intra-detrusor botulinum toxin for idiopathic urodynamically-proven detrusor overactivity. Among women with ''treatment-refractory'' DO, they found a lower success rate in women who were genuinely refractory to, on average 4, anti-cholinergic agents (60%) compared to women who simply found the side-effects intolerable (86%). The concept of ''refractory'' DO has not been well studied and no general consensus exists on the most appropriate definition. We previously reported a 2-year prospective study on the prevalence of bacteriuria in women with ''refractory'' DO (defined as ''failure to respond to 2 anti-cholinergic agents coupled with out-patient bladder training for 1 year, with persistent disabling symptoms on frequency-volume chart'') during episodes of acute exacerbation of OAB symptoms. We found that, in non-dysuric women with ''refractory'' DO, the prevalence of bacteriuria 10 CFU/ml, at a time of clinically worsened urgency symptoms, was 39%. Notably, only ''low-count'' bacteriuria (10–10 CFU/ml) was cultured in one-third of positive cases in our study. This is pertinent as the importance of low bacterial counts in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms is increasingly recognized. The study by Makovey et al. used only urinalysis, not formal urine culture, to exclude UTI in women prior to botulinum toxin therapy. We congratulate Makovey et al. on highlighting the clinical challenge in managing women with idiopathic DO who have failed to respond to anti-cholinergic therapy. However we would suggest that bacteriuria in womenwith DO be excluded with formal urine culture and sensitivity. This is especially important in women for whom invasive second-line treatment modalities, such as botulinum toxin and neuromodulation, are being considered. Ideally, the microbiological quantitative threshold in such cases should incorporate ''low-count'' bacteriuria, although this warrants further study.


CHARACTERIZATION OF A MULTIPLE ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANT FACTOR FROM PROTEUS MIRABILIS A Proteus mirabilis isolate associated with nosocomial urinary tract infection was obtained from the clinical microbiology laboratory at Hines Veterans Administration Hospital. The isolate, strain 2138, was resistant to at least ampicillin (Ap), carbenicillin (Cb), gentamicin (Gm), tobramycin (Tm), kanamycin (Km), neomycin (Nm), streptomycin (Sm), colistin (Cs), cephalothin (Cl) and tetracycline (Tc). Neutral sucrose gradient sedimentation of plasmid DNA isolated from strain 2138 revealed the presence of three size classes of plasmids, designated pFLlOOlO, pFL10020, and pFL10030. The molecular weights of the plasmids, calculated from contour length measurements of electronmicrographs, were 90 X 106 , 5 X 106 , and 27 X 106 respectively. A resistance phenotype of Ap, Cb, Gm, Tm, Km, Sm and Cl was transferred to Escherichia coli J53-l via conjugation with strain 2138. A single plasmid species having a molecular weight of 90 X 106 was isolated from the transconjugate J53-l (pFLlOOlO). Isolated plasmid species from strain 2138 were used to transform ~· coli Cl200-l to antibiotic resistance. No detectable transfer of antibiotic resistance occurred with the pFL10030 DNA, and only Ap and Cb resistance was transferred using pFL10020 DNA. Successful transfer of the resistance phenotype of Ap, Cb, Gm, Tm, Km, Sm, and Cl to strain


The ablity to analyze solid sample for direct analysis of agricultural and environmental samples using laser induced breakdown spectroscopy LIBS technique is a well known analysis lechnique il-5]. A high energy laier was urlo to vaporize-and atomize a small amount from the target sample to create plasma. Emission of light produced Ou*rg plasma cooling become signature for each element contain from the samptl. The advantafe of ttris technique are including rapidness, capable to analyze all materials (solid, tiquiO inO gas;, in-situ or real-time and online analyiis, multi-elernental detection, with minimal sample preparation and minor sample damage


Aim: The study was carried out to ascertain whether morphotype of Scomberoides commersonnianus (Talang queenfish) existing along the Indian coast is a new species or not. Methodology: Talang queenfish and the morphotype were tested for their uniqueness using systematic and molecular tools. The morphometric and meristic details including otolith morphometry were analysed and compared for taxonomic divergence and Cytochrome Oxidase I and Cytochrome b gene sequences for quantifying genetic divergences. Results: The systematic analysis indicated significant morphometric differences between both. The otolith morphometry and phylogeny also confirmed the divergence between them, and qualified the morphotype as an independent species status and named Scomberoides pelagicus sp. nov. Interpretation: The new species is distinct by deep ovate body, concave dorsal head profile, anal fin origin anterior to second dorsal fin and pelvic to pectoral fin, helical arrangement of body scale and stout and less numerous gill rakers on the first gill arch. The phylogeny as on Cytochrome b and Cytochrome Oxidase 1 sequences are very distinct, with 11.2% and 2.0% divergence respectively. Their known distributional range are peninsular region of Indian coast, Malaysian region of the South China Sea and Manila Bay, Philippines.


Objective: To investigate the haematopoetic effect of methanol extract of Nigerian honey bee propolis in mice. Methods: Fifteen white Albino mice were grouped into 3(A-C) of 5 animals each. Group A mice serve as control group, while groups B and C received 300 and 600 mL/kg of honey bee propolis respectively, for 21 days. The haematological parameters were determined using the automated haematologic analyzer Sysmex kx21, (product of Sysmex Corporation, Japan) using standard techniques. The data were analyzed using ANOVA and the level of significance was at P 0.05) alteration to the erythrocytic indices like red blood cells, haematocrite, haemoglobin, mean corpuscular haemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume and red cell distribution width, but increase mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration in dose related fashion. Acute oral toxicity showed the extract to be relatively safe at a high dose on acute exposure. However, 21-days of treatment with the extract do neither increase nor decrease the body weight of the mice. Conclusions: Administration of methanol extract of Nigerian honey bee propolis in mice at the doses investigated has brought about leucopoietic and thrombopoietic changes without any significant effect on red blood cells and factors that relate to it, except for the mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration.


The wave-like phenomenon is the primary source of variability in tropical rainfall on time scales of one to two months.


We study 33 pairs of advertising agencies that merged between 1947 and 1985, comparing each merging pair against two controls: (a) a pair of agencies with combined merger-date billings close to the total billings of the merged unit, and (b) a single agency with similar total merger-date billings. Gross revenues are the dependent variable. Results: Merging firms do worse in the short run than controls. Assuming similar subsequent rates of growth for merging and non-merging firms, a loss of 16 percent of firm value due to merging is implied.


Based on the experimental data of 2006 in Chahayang irrigation area of Heilongjiang province,water production function models were established.Through the analysis to the four models,the Jensen model was regard as the most suitable model for Chahayang irrigation area.Besides,sensitive index accumulated function was established based on the Jensen model.This experimental result provides a scientific basis for optimum irrigation schedules of rice under the deficient irrigation of this area.


The piezoelectric ceramic transformer is the latest driver which is not power inversion. It has the strongpoint of small cubage, high efficiency, without electromagnetic interference and easy designed etc. It's unique operating characteristic is very fit to control CCFL drive. A kind of CCFL driver has been devised using piezoelectric ceramic transformer, based on LT1376 and TL494.


The Next Generation Science Standards' three dimensions--disciplinary core ideas (DCIs), science and engineering practices (SEPs), and crosscutting concepts (CCs)--were headliners at NSTA's national conference in Chicago and featured in many of the organization's other professional-development efforts this year (NGSS Lead States 2013). To some, the idea of DCIs, SEPs, and CCs may seem obvious and not all that new (Figure 1, p. 68). Haven't we been doing science inquiry since the release of the National Science Education Standards (NSES) in 1996? What is new and different about the NGSS, and what do these three dimensions mean for curriculum, instruction, and assessment? [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] There are, in fact, several major differences in how the new standards portray science education. These differences call for substantial shifts in terms of our learning goals, instructional strategies, and assessment. In the next sections, we highlight what is new and different about each dimension. We do not address explicitly intertwining the three dimensions; a forthcoming article will discuss their integration. Much of what we discuss below draws directly from A Framework for K--12 Science Education (NRC 2012), which guided the development of the NGSS and is the foundation for the new standards. While the NGSS do provide some information from the Framework (in the blue, orange, and green boxes; see Figure 1) to elaborate on the performance expectations, these are only snippets of the more elaborate descriptions found in the Framework. We therefore urge readers to turn to the Framework when trying to understand the three dimensions and the standards. DCIs There are DCIs for each of the four major disciplines: physical sciences, life sciences, Earth and space sciences, and engineering (engineering, technology, and applications of science). Each of these disciplines includes no more than four DCIs, reflecting a concerted effort to cull the numerous ideas that all students are expected to know. While there are somewhat fewer ideas to teach, each is complex, with ample depth to delve into over the course of schooling. To rise to the level of a DCI, an idea must meet four criteria. First, it must be a key organizing principle within the discipline or across several disciplines; that is, it should be a core idea in the eyes of scientists. Second, it must have broad explanatory power: It should help learners understand and be able to reason about an array of phenomena and problems in the discipline. In this sense, it needs to be a useful thinking tool that is generative for students, and it should help them think about phenomena and problems they may encounter in and out of the classroom, both now and in their future. Third, a DCI needs to be relevant and meaningful for students. It should relate to phenomena and problems that students find intriguing. Fourth, the idea needs to have depth that allows for continued learning over the course of schooling. There are two complementary implications of this last point. First, the DCI, in some basic form, must be accessible to young learners, and, second, it must have enough complexity that it can be unpacked and deepened in higher grades. Many of the concepts (e.g., ionic bonds, mitochondria) and even topics (e.g., volcanoes, taxonomy) currently taught in school do not meet these criteria. As educators, it is incumbent upon us to closely evaluate what we are teaching and to dramatically prune the unwieldy tree of concepts we try to cover. Taken together, the DCIs create a conceptual toolkit that students can use to reason about and explain phenomena. The focus on explaining phenomena represents an important shift in the goals of instruction. Rather than teaching ideas in the abstract or in isolation, the new aim is to engage students in using these ideas to explain interesting phenomena. For example, instead of having students describe the water cycle and its components, students should be explaining cloud formation or precipitation patterns by using understandings about the water cycle and thermal-energy transfer to describe how weather events come about. …


Setbacks in the Developmental Process Understanding Crises Assessing and Responding to Risk Crisis Intervention Crises in Therapy Recognizing Impasse Impasse and the Alliance Impasse and the Therapeutic Strategy Impasse in the Interaction Impasse and Resolution Changing the Pattern Understanding Relapse Managing Relapse Responding to Developmental Challenges


The purpose of this study was to determine the trajectory of student learning on ball volume using quaci in Class IX. The research method, using a Validation Study design involving 38 students of class IX SMP Pagaralam PGRI. The stages of design research in learning consist of three phases: preparation for the experiment, design experiment, and retrospective analysis. Learning is carried out through three activities consisting of observing sunflowers, taking sunflower seeds, and wrapping them in accordance with PMRI's approach to ball volume material. The results showed that students could understand the concept of ball volume by completing a series of these activities. In addition, students have their own strategies in solving problems in each activity to express it in abstract form. Conclusion, the use of quaci in learning volumes of ball gives positive results for students in understanding problems related to real life in accordance with the PMRI approach.
Keywords: Design Research, Kuaci, PMRI


The Amyntaion – Ptolemais basin is a NNW – SSE trending graben system that extends over a distance of 250km from Monastiri, in the Former Yugoslavian Republic of Macedonia to Servia, southeast of Kozani Greece. The Neogene basin of Ptolemais is the main energy centre of Greece, hosting one of the biggest lignite centers of the world. The sediments under study are from the areas Notio Field and Tomeas-6 open pits.
Mineralogical analysis of lignite and ashed samples (350oC and 750oC) was carried out using Bruker D8 Advance x-ray diffractometer. Four samples (NP2,NP4, T6-2 and T6-4) analysed in different temperatures to carry out conclusions about the fields of stability of minerals.
Geochemical analysis of the Notio – field and Tomeas -6 field were carried out in order to predict the mode of occurrence of trace elements and their mobility during coal combustion. The lignite and ash samples (350oC, 550oC, 750oC, 950oC) were digested in microwave furnace using acids. The concentrations of Ag, As, B, Ba, Be, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Ga, Se, Sr, U, V, Zn, Hg and Hf were determined using Inductively Coupled Plasma – Mass Spectrometry (ICP – MS).


I use historical analysis to examine the effect of securities regulation on financial reporting relationships in the 1930s. Adopting Edelman's (1964) framework, I posit that the financial reporting provisions of securities regulation were 'symbolic,' i.e., not expected to be implemented, and therefore that passage of regulation did not change financial reporting relationships. I examine the correspondence between the American Institute of Accountants (AIA) and the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), the Minutes of the AIA, and other primary sources to determine the impact of regulation. The historical record shows that the financial reporting objectives (uniform accounting and limiting management's accounting choices) of securities regulation were not implemented during the 1930s. I conclude that regulation did not improve the quality of data provided to investors and that empirical studies that use the pre/post SEC periodization model are not well structured. I also suggest that future historical researchers might adopt a more critical lens, such as Gramsci's corporate hegemony model, to see how passage of legislation masked the continued dominance of the securities markets by a privileged elite and diverted attention from more material questions.


Radon transform is a powerful tool with many applications in different stages of seismic data processing, because of its capability to focus seismic events in the transform domain. Three‐parameter Radon transform can optimally focus and separate different seismic events, if its basis functions accurately match the events. In anisotropic media, the conventional hyperbolic or shifted hyperbolic basis functions lose their accuracy and cannot preserve data fidelity, especially at large offsets. To address this issue, we propose an accurate traveltime approximation for transversely isotropic media with vertical symmetry axis, and derive two versions of Radon basis functions, time‐variant and time‐invariant. A time‐variant basis function can be used in time domain Radon transform algorithms while a time‐invariant version can be used in, generally more efficient, frequency domain algorithms. Comparing the time‐variant and time‐invariant Radon transform by the proposed basis functions, the time‐invariant version can better focus different seismic events; it is also more accurate, especially in presence of vertical heterogeneity. However, the proposed time‐invariant basis functions are suitable for a specific type of layered anisotropic media, known as factorized media. We test the proposed methods and illustrate successful applications of them for trace interpolation and coherent noise attenuation.


Let G =( V, E) be a simple graph,k (1 ≤ k ≤ Δ(G )+1 ) is a positive integer. f is a mapping from V (G) ∪ E(G) to {1, 2, ··· ,k } such that ∀uv ∈ E(G),f (u) �= f (v) and C(u )= C(v) if d(u )= d(v),we say that f is the adjacent vertex reducible vertex-total coloring of G. The maximum number of k is called the adjacent vertex reducible vertextotal chromatic number of G, simply denoted by χavrvt(G). Where C(u )= {f (u)|u ∈ V (G) }∪{ f (uv)|uv ∈ E(G)}. In this paper,the adjacent vertex reducible vertex-total chromatic number of some special graphs are given.


Premature babies are vulnerable to various physiological handicapped conditions with high mortality rate due to their anatomical and functional immaturity. Mortality of preterm low birth weight baby is inversely related to gestation and birth weight and directly to the severity of complication which can be prevented by proper management and care. Pre experimental one group pre test and post test design with evaluative approach was undertaken to assess the effectiveness of information booklet on management of preterm babies among the G.N.M. students of selected School of Nursing, Odisha. Data were collected from 50 G.N.M.third year students selected by purposive sampling through structured questionnaire and observational checklist. Data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. The overall mean post test knowledge score 14.78 was higher than the mean pre-test knowledge score 10.78 and the mean post test practice score 10.56 was higher than mean pre-test practice score 7.8. The computed value of pre and post test knowledge (t=11.51>2.01 at P=0.001) and pre and post-test practice (t=12.6>2.01 at P=0.001) showed that the post test score was significantly increased and the information booklet regarding management of preterm babies was very effective among third year G.N.M. students. The computed value (r=.477, P=0.05) showed that the co-relation among post test knowledge and practice score was positive. The result proved that information booklet on management of preterm babies prepared by the investigator has helped the third year G.N.M. students to improve their knowledge and practice on management of preterm babies.


Abstract The relative effect of 13 anionic species, in conjunction with hydrogen and sodium cations, on the stress corrosion cracking (SCC) behavior of lightly sensitized AISI 304 stainless steel (SS) was investigated in constant extension rate tests (CERTs) at 289 C in water with 0.2 ppm dissolved oxygen at total conductivity values of ≤1 µS/cm. The results show that the sulfur species, either in acid or sodium form, produce the highest degree of intergranular stress corrosion cracking (IGSCC) relative to the other anions. The effect of temperature on SCC behavior was investigated in CERTs over the range of 110 to 320 C in high-purity water and in water containing 0.1 and 1.0 ppm sulfate as H2SO4 at a dissolved oxygen concentration of 0.2 ppm. The CERT parameters were correlated with the electrochemical potential of platinum and AISI 304 SS electrodes in the high-temperature environments. Maximum IGSCC occurred at temperatures between ∼200 and 250 C in high-purity water, and the addition of sulfate incre...


Intimate partner violence is common,
affecting up to 55% of women
at some time in their lives. It is a high-risk factor for the development
of PTSD. PTSD in the setting of IPV is associated
with higher rates of depression
and substance abuse and worse
functioning and quality of life. It is important to screen all women
(including adolescent girls) for IPV. When screening ask direct questions. If a woman is a victim of IPV assess
for PTSD. Management is multidisciplinary
and includes social interventions
and psychotherapy. SSRIs are the first-line medication
agents of choice. Look at confounding issues, e.g.
ongoing violence, co-morbid substance
use and non-compliance
when assessing poor response to
medication.


Anticipating an Effect from Predictive Visual Sequences: Development of Infants' Causal Inference from 9 to 18 Months Jeffrey K. Bye 1 (firstname.lastname@example.com), Bryan D. Nguyen 1 (firstname.lastname@example.com), Hongjing Lu 1,2 (firstname.lastname@example.com), Scott P. Johnson 1,3 (email@example.com) Departments of Psychology 1 , Statistics 2 , and Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences 3 University of California, Los Angeles; Los Angeles, CA, USA Abstract Causal Inference in Infants Teinonen et al., 2009) and motion-based causal perception given spatial and temporal contiguity (Leslie & Keeble, 1987). By 18-24 months, children begin to expect predictable effects from learned sequences of discrete causal events (Bonawitz et al., 2010), and by 24-48 months, they routinely use the covariation patterns between actions and state changes to categorize objects by causal power and predict the effects of causal actions (Gopnik & Sobel, 2000). How do infants progress from the perceptual mechanisms of early infancy (statistical and rule-based learning and motion-based causal perception) to the extraction of causal structure from temporal covariation between discrete events? Little is known about learning processes in infancy that support causal inference. Research on causal inference in children under 18 months of age has been limited because the tasks typically used, such as the "blicket" detector paradigm (Gopnik & Sobel, 2000), require vocal ability and/or motor skills. It has been difficult, therefore, to characterize infants' development of causal learning, leaving open the issue of whether early motion-based causal perception is generalized to higher-order causal inference (Michotte, 1946/1963), or whether the former is merely a special case of the latter (Cheng, 1993). Causal inferences are necessarily constrained by limits in perception, attention, and memory. In particular, potential causal cues and their temporal ordering must be determined before statistical computation can proceed. The literature on animal conditioning is consistent with an inherent connection between detection of causal cues and causal inference. For example, Balleine et al. (2005) showed that increased perceptual discriminability of cues enhances rats' ability to acquire cause-effect associations, influencing sophisticated behavior such as retrospective revaluation of cues. We would expect, therefore, that development of causal inference is constrained by infants' perceptual processing maturity and working memory capacity, as well as the identification of conditional probabilities involved in predicting an effect. Our experiment and our model represent a first step in understanding developments in causal inferences from probabilistic information during this important transitional age range, as well as the perceptual and cognitive constraints on the learning process. Previous research has shown that infants make remarkable progress in acquiring sophisticated inferential abilities in the first two years after birth. Within the first few months, for example, infants demonstrate statistical learning in multiple sensory modalities (Frank et al., 2009; Kirkham, Slemmer, & Johnson, 2002; Saffran, Aslin, & Newport, 1996; An experiment by Buchsbaum et al. (2011) with 41- to 70- month-old children provides a paradigm that we adapted to create a causal inference task that can be performed by younger infants. The children in Buchsbaum et al.'s study There has been little research on infants' development of causal inference in the second year after birth. We report an experiment in which 9- to 18-month-old infants viewed visual sequences consisting of three looming shapes, one after another. Half of the sequences (causes) were predictive of an attention-getting reward (effect), and the other half were non- predictive. The statistical complexity of predictive sequences was varied between conditions. We analyzed latencies of infants' eye movements toward the reward location. Older infants yielded more anticipatory eye movements in predictive than non-predictive sequences. Effects of both infant age and complexity of causal sequences were observed. To qualitatively account for these findings, we formulated a Bayesian model based on generic priors favoring simple causal events coupled with noisy shape identification. Keywords: causal inference; modeling; perception; infants development; Bayesian Introduction Understanding cause-effect relations is vital to cognitive development. Imagine, for example, an infant attempting to disambiguate his mother's actions as she starts up the car, adjusts the mirror, scans the surroundings, engages first gear, and turns the steering wheel, at which point the car moves. How do infants make sense of such causal action sequences? How do they determine which actions are necessary, and in which order, to produce an effect? How do they use this knowledge to guide their own actions? We address these questions with a combination of behavioral and computational evidence. We report an experiment in which infants observe causal action sequences for which cause-effect relations are specified by conditional probabilities of varying complexity, and we describe a Bayesian model that simulates the inferences that support identification of causal structure. We reasoned that identifying causal structure incorporates multiple sources of information (e.g., spatiotemporal, statistical) and perceptual/cognitive mechanisms (e.g., visual attention, detection of serial order, working memory, inherent biases) that must operate in concert during the learning process. Paradigm


Policy-makers and analysts are often concerned with the effect of tariff reductions, as part of trade liberalisation, on the volume of imports, and in particular adverse effects on domestic import-competing sectors. While there is limited evidence at an aggregate country level that imports increase following trade liberalisation, there is very little empirical evidence at a sector level. In the 1990's (and 1980's) many African countries reduced tariffs, often significantly, although since the mid 1990s there are countries that did not alter tariffs. This allows us to analyse the effects of tariff reductions on the change in imports using Difference-in-Differences techniques to evaluate the impact at the general and sector-specific level. During the period we study (1996-2004) and countries for which data are available, Algeria, Egypt, Ethiopia, Tanzania and Uganda all reduced tariffs. These countries act as a 'treatment' group. Cameroon, Gabon and Madagascar all left their tariffs unchanged, and act as our 'control' group. We compare the effects on imports for tariff-reducing countries relative to nonliberalising countries, controlling for the timing of tariff reductions, trends in import capacity (country effects) and in sector imports across countries (product market effects). Overall, using value and volume measures of imports, there is little evidence (except for Ethiopia) that suggests imports increased for the treatment group countries relative to the control group countries. This is true at the general and sector-specific levels. JEL Classification: F13, O55


The tracking control problem for a class of partial state constrained nonlinear system is studied in this article. The system is divided into two semistrict feedback nonlinear subsystems, one is state constrained and the other is state free. By means of state transformation, the state constraint problem is transformed into the bounded problem of the transformed function. Compared with the barrier Lyapunov function (BLF) method, it not only solves the state constraint problem but also circumvents the feasibility check on virtual controllers. Based on the cross backstepping control, the constrained controller and unconstrained controller are designed simultaneously. It solves the coupling problem effectively in the design of cross processing control. On the other hand, dynamic surface control is used which effectively avoids "computation explosion" caused by backstepping control. The designed controllers can ensure the error signals converge to a small neighbourhood of zero and keep the asymmetric time‐varying constraints on system partial states are satisfied for all the time. Finally, simulation experiments are carried out on a hyperchaotic Rössler system to verify the efficacy of the control scheme.


Chemical substances, whether naturally occurring or artificially synthesized, continue to play an extremely beneficial role in human life. Life would be unsustainable without the benefits by products of chemical reactions, such as oxygen, water, and various types of nutrient substances. Drugs, foods, fibers, pesticides, etc. have been artificially designed and produced for protecting and improving the quality of human life. Nonetheless, chemical substances have been implicated in the deterioration of human environments and ecosystems. One of the main reasons for this unfair accusation might be inadequate regulations and information due to lack of scientific knowledge based on well founded ecotoxicological and pharmacological researches. Lack of information regarding chemicals has been the major factor that has led to undue credence being given to naturally occurring substances, and social movements, which are propagated by a handful of "fanatics," for resisting artificial chemicals. Biorational and logical approaches by both users and suppliers of chemical substances are therefore required so that humans may continue to benefit from the correct use of chemicals. Developmental research on pesticides of natural origin is believed to be one of the biorational approaches since it may reduce the adverse environmental impact of chemicals to the level of naturally occurring substances. One of the most successful events in the development of pesticide chemicals was the discovery of pyrethrum and the successful synthesis of pyrethroids. For example, one of the most classical synthesized pyrethroids allethrin (Schechter et al., 1948) continues to be used for preventing mosquito bites without any toxicological and operational problems. The use of pyrethroids for preventing mosquito bites is believed to be biorational because this chemical is safe for mammals. The most popular and long-standing formulations using pyrethroids are mosquito coils, mosquito mats, and liquid vaporizers. Pyrethroids belonging to the knockdown agent group, such as allethrin, pyrethrin, and prallethrin, are used in these formulations. In particular, d-allethrin still continues to be used in these types of formulations. Recently, a group of newly developed pyrethroids with high vapor pressure has come to open new era for pyrethroids. Metofluthrin is one of the above promising pyrethroids having high insecticidal activity and high vapor pressure (Ujihara et al., 2004). Metofluthrin belongs to the group of knockdown agents but has a unique


In the present paper I briefly summarize the descriptions of cyber-physical systems considered for overviewing general terms, discovering typical approaches, surveying case study types encountered in the literature, making connections with distributed systems, and using semantical approaches for modeling and design. First,themostcommonnotionsandtermsarepresented for a structural and systematic description of the CPS systems. Second, the survey of some case studies have the goal of looking into methodologies and research evaluations types about CPS systems. Especially the description of fault tolerant systems are important studies regarding the safe behaviour of CPS systems. The description is presented from the perspective of the applicability in designing and coordinating CPS systems. The sections covering the descriptions are pointing to important features considered relevant for defining a prototype of CPS systems. Thepaperincludes theinitialresearchstepstakenfor describing the semantical modeling and designing of CPS systems, with conclusions regarding further deep analysis and considerations on systems' definitions.


As two comprehensive civilizations with deep cultural connotation and unyielding survival capability,both Islamic civilization and Chinese one are showing their own special features and facing similar challenges.It is possible for the two civilizations to communicate with,learn from and co-exit with each other in terms of eco-environment,world peace,and global ethics so as to contribute to new world order of "co-existence with difference" in times of globalization.


colons of short Hebrew poems to validate the need for changes or support for the current text (see pp 136, or 300-301, for example). Sievers counted accented words to establish parallelism in Hebrew lines. Labuschagne and Christensen counted letters through entire Hebrew books. This commentary provides for each pericope a transliteration of the Hebrew text with side-by-side translation, as well as a translation of the Greek text. Each has its own introduction with extended discussion of its structure and form-critical identity. A detailed commentary discusses each verse. The treatment of Micah 1:2-7 alone covers pp. 132-86. Discussions of the history of interpretation are included, especially of the critical era, there are specific interpretations of each verse and unit. The historical background is kept in view, but the early history of interpretation by the scribes is also in view. One may also note some of what is not present. Readers may miss the reference to biblical theology of German Lutheran commentaries or the "canonical interpretation" of Childs. The commentary concentrates on the text of Micah with only very occasional references to Exodus or Amos.


This paper presents a deterministic model developed to calculate instantaneous and time-dependent deflections using a finite element approach. Monte Carlo simulation is performed to evaluate variability of deflections due to uncertainty of material properties and dimensions involved in the computation of deflections. Results of a parametric study are presented showing the effects of design variables on the variability of slab and beam deflections. Results confirm that variability of deflections can be high when the applied moment is close to the cracking moment, the reinforcement ratio is low, and the ratio of live load to dead load increases.


The paper gives a short overview of the history of Hungarian research concerning Africa which has been conducted over the past two centuries, and it concentrates on the activity of the Eötvös Loránd University of Budapest and the University of Pécs, especially on the creation and achievements of the African Research Centre of the latter.


This study investigated extrusion wear mechanisms and transition of wear mechanisms of medium carbon steel by using a pin-on-disc configuration and micro-analyzing the wear surfaces. In an extrusion wear condition, layers of material on the contact surface of the tested pin were extruded continuously from the interface. Under such a condition, the oxides, mainly Fe3O4 and FeO, on the pin contact surface were very thin at about 2 μm, and likely generated during cooling in air after the wear test. The microstructure of the pin very close to the contact surface was fine pearlite, which was transformed from austenite at the end of the wear test. Compared with the microstructures of the same medium carbon steel cooled in air from a melting state, the debris collected from extrusion wear tests had a fine pearlite structure instead of coarse pearlite and ferrite. Thus, the real contact temperature in extrusion wear did not reach the melting point of medium carbon steel. Such changes of microstructures cannot be found in other types of wear.


This paper analyzes a recombination/mutation/selection genetic algorithm that uses gene pool recombination. For linear fitness functions, the infinite population model can be described by l equations where l is the string length. For linear fitness functions, we show that there is a single fixed point and that this fixed point is stable. For the ONEMAX fitness function, the model reduces to a linear recurrence in a single variable which can be explicitly solved. The time-to-convergence for ONEMAX is given.


Angola's electricity supply deficit has led its government to assess the prospects for developing renewable power sources in the form of hydro-electric schemes along about 200 km of the Kwanza River. The projects are expected to more than double Angola's power generation capacity within the next four to five years, boosting development efforts and relieving an electricity-starved economy. While hydropower is a popular renewable resource globally, it is not without its environmental and social impacts; not least among these are the consequences of inundation to create the dams that feed hydro-electric turbines. SRK Consulting has been contracted by lenders to conduct the environmental and social due diligence for three of the dams being planned, to ensure compliance with Good International Industry Practice (GIIP).


The crystallization of long-chain n-paraffins and their binary mixtures from model waxy oils with decane as the solvent has been studied as a function of cooling rates by rheology, optical microscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The yield stresses of the gels formed upon cooling solutions of n-hexatriacontane (C36) and n-dotriacontane (C32) in decane increase with faster cooling rate, while for n-octacosane (C28) they decrease. DSC shows that the pure C28 wax precipitated from solution comprises multiple metastable phases as has been shown previously by X-ray scattering. Crystallization of C36 + C32 mixtures gives solid solutions with the yield stresses increasing with cooling rate, similar to the behavior of the pure component waxes. C36 and C28 crystallize separately from their mixed solution as observed by DSC. Addition of microcrystalline poly(ethylene butene) (PEB) wax crystal modifiers to single or mixed solutions greatly reduces the gel yield stress. The PEBs reduce crystal sizes a...


Contents: 1. Introduction: Diversity Management Travels to Under-explored Territories Mustafa A-zbilgin and Jawad Syed 2. Cultural Diversity Management in Malaysia: A Perspective of Communication Management Zulhamri Abdullah 3. Identity Salience, Occupational Commitment and Organizational Citizenship Behaviour in Multinational Teams: An Exploratory Study from the Turkish Context F. Pinar Acar 4. Religious Diversity in Lebanon: Lessons from a Small Country to the Global World Akram Al-Ariss 5. Diverse Discretionary Effort in Workplace Networks: Serving Self Over Community in China Kurt April and Eon Smit 6. The Diversity Scenario in Pakistani Organizations Nailah Ayub and Karen Jehn 7. Diversity in Russia Moira Calveley and Graham Hollinshead 8. The Main Problems of the Cultural Diversity Management in Turkish Companies which Operate in Central Asian Countries Beliz Dereli 9. Caste Based Quotas: India's Reservation Policy Rana Haq 10. Intercultural Competencies Across Cultures: Same or Different? Charmine Hartel, Shannon Lloyd and Divya Singhal 11. When East Meets West: A Conceptual Analysis of Managing Chinese Enterprise Relationships through Guanxi-based Diversity Management Charmine Hartel, Ruby M.M. Ma and Sharif As-Saber 12. A Comparison of the Japanese and South Korean Mindset: Similar but Different Management Approaches Yang-Im Lee 13. Confronting Discrimination through Affirmative Action in India: Playing the Right Music with the Wrong Instrument? Taran Patel 14. Demographic Profile of Economic Resources and Environment in South Asia Jalandhar Pradhan 15. Transplanting the Meritocracy in India: Creating a Shared Corporate Vision at the Local and Global Level Nicholas P. Robinson and Prescott C. Ensign 16. Workforce Diversity in Iran: Some Case Study Evidence of Private Sector Organisations Ebrahim Soltani 17. Is Diversity Management Relevant for Turkey? Evaluation of Some Factors Leading to Diversity Management in the Context of Turkey Olca Surgevil 18. Ethical and Cultural Aspects of Diversity and Unicity in the Arab Middle East: Managing Diverse Knowledge in a Culturally Unicist Environment David Weir 19. Diversity Management in Thailand Daungdauwn Younsamart, Greg Fisher and Charmine Hartel 20. Islamic Civil Society and Social Capital in Turkey: The Gulen Community Ahmet Yukleyen 21. Asian and Other Immigrant Entrepreneurs in the United States Robert Fairlie 22. Nuzzling Nuances: Asian Diaspora in New Zealand Edwina Pio 23. Israel-Indian Teams in the Israeli High Tech: Diversity Perspective Nurit Zaidman and Ayala Malach-Pines


The mechanism of IR multiple photon excitation through the dense manifold of vibrational
states, usually called the quasicontinuum, of a vibrationally excited molecule is one of the
unresolved issues in the field of laser chemistry. The effects of deuterium substitution on
propylene IR multiple photon excitation are used to identify the vibrational modes leading to efficient excitation. Optoacoustic energy deposition data show that for propylene, 3 μm
multiple photon excitation occurs most efficiently at the methyl group, and furthermore that efficient methyl group excitation requires the CH group on the adjacent carbon. Thus 3 μm multiple photon excitation of propylene, while involving energy deposition directly into several spatially discrete intramolecular groups, is found to be enhanced by specific intramolecular couplings. Implications of this result for mechanisms of IR multiple photon excitation are discussed.


It is important to establish and screen the systematic feature index of freezing resistance of B.napus for freezing-resistance breeding and cultivation.We used 15 winter rapeseed as materials,studied the relationship between freezing damage index and photosynthesis,biological characteristics,etc.The results showed that,there was significant difference of freezing resistance among cultivars.The cultivars such as Zhongshuang No.9,Wanyou No.18 etc.were strong freezing resistance,while cultivars such as Zhongyouza No.5,Xiangyou No.17 etc.were weak freezing resistance.The order of the correlation degree between freezing resistance and photosynthesis and biological characteristics analyzed by grey correlation degree was: shoot water contentshoot masstranspiration rate(Tr)plant hightstomatal conductance(Gs)leaf expansionnet photosynthetic rate(Pn)number of green leavesSPAD valueroot water contentmole fraction of intercellular CO2(Ci).Among them,a significant positive correlation existed between freezing damage index and shoot water content,shoot mass and transpiration rate(Tr),while the significant positive correlation between freezing damage index and plant height and stomatal conductance(Gs) was at a level of 0.05.Other characteristics such as leaf expansion,Pn,number of green leaves,etc.were non-significant.Therefore,shoot water content,shoot mass,transpiration rate(Tr) and plant height could be the evaluation indexes for freezing resistance screening.


Standard software supplied to decrypt the atomic force scanning (AFM), based mainly on the models using a classical solution of the Hertz contact of two linearly elastic spheres (or a sphere and a flat half, if one of them has infinite radius). In most cases this is enough. However, there are situations where the Hertz solution should be used with great caution. This work is devoted to the theoretical study of these versions. The results of numerical modeling of contact interaction of the probe of an atomic force microscope and the surface with complex nanostructure are presented. Research was conducted for two types of materials: 1) anisotropic elastic medium (tooth enamel), 2) non-linear elastic finite deformable polymer. These are two classes of materials that are fundamentally different in their mechanical behavior. Respectively different theoretical models are needed for the correct interpretation of experimental data. The problem indentation an AFM probe in a transversally isotropic elastic surface is solved for the materials of the first type. Computational dependencies of reaction force in the probe on the depth of indentation and the degree of anisotropy of the material is built. Computer modeling of AFM probe contact interaction with elastomeric nano strands, which can be formed in the polymer at the crack tip, are carried out for the materials of the second type (elastomers). nanostrand is represented as a long longitudinal convexity, lying on a flat elastic surface. The problem was solved in a three-dimensional formulation.


Local lawmaking is an important part of our socialistic legislation system, and its core is to improve the local lawmaking quality. Only by improving the local lawmaking quality can the local lawmaking value be upgraded, its benefit be increased, and the authority of law be established, therefore making way for the legislation of the central government. The key to improving the local lawmaking quality lies in its scientific orientation, displaying its local features and strengthening its maneuverability. Reasonable legal liability items should be set up in local laws to safeguard their proper application.


Community redress is a type of executions just opposite to prison redress.Since the community redress system in our country still lies in its early stage,there remains many problems worth probing both in theory and practice.It means a lot to the society,and we should carry out research into its principles and improvement.


72.5kV double-break vacuum circuit breakers based on rapid repulsion actuator remain blank in China. Based on the theoretical analysis and experimental results from researchers, the design of 72.5kV double-break vacuum circuit breakers based on rapid repulsion actuator was presented. It takes the form of double-break, using two standard 40.5kV vacuum interrupter in series at the bottom, which adopt a permanent magnetic repulsion actuator. The permanent magnetic repulsion actuator consists of rapid repulsion actuator and magnetic retentivity actuator. On the basis above, we produced the prototype, and the superiority of the design was verified through the experiments.


This research presents the main methods of database fragmentation in distributed systems. First, the steps of the distributed database design are presented. Then the fragmentation rules and the fragmentation types is described followed by the presentation of a mixed fragmentation methodology for initial distributed database design based on a graphical algorithm. The research ends with presentation of some aspects of fragmentation methods.


The extremely high species diversity of soil bacterial community has fascinated and puzzled community ecologists. Although theory predicts that fluctuations in environments can facilitate diversity maintenance, the effects of fluctuating temperature on species diversity have rarely been investigated in species‐rich microbial communities. Here, we examined whether fluctuating temperature had positive effects on species diversity relative to constant temperatures in soil bacterial communities, and investigated the effects of fluctuating temperature on bacterial performances (changes in relative abundance). We performed a temperature manipulation experiment with soils collected from temperate and subtropical zones, where the soils were subjected to constant high, low or fluctuating temperatures. We found that fluctuating temperatures showed significant positive effects on species diversity. The time‐averaged effect of fluctuating temperatures (i.e., averaging out the differences between species in their environment‐dependent performances) appeared to delay species loss in both the temperate and the subtropical communities. In addition, we found that the performances of temperature‐responsive species at fluctuating temperatures significantly deviated from their time‐weighted average performances at constant high and low temperatures, which was defined as fluctuation‐dependent effects in our study. Intriguingly, fluctuation‐dependent effects beyond time‐averaged effect led to an opposite trend: differences in temperature‐responsive species' performances decreased in the temperate communities, but increased in the subtropical communities. Our findings provide new insights into diversity maintenance in soil bacterial communities, and imply that the effects of fluctuating temperature on species diversity in soil bacterial community might vary across latitude.


An anomalous geographical region refers to a collection of spatially aggregated objects whose non‐spatial attribute values are significantly inconsistent with those of their spatial neighbors. The detection of anomalous regions plays an important role in spatial data mining. However, the requirement of user‐specified parameters for spatial neighborhood construction and anomalous region discovery will inevitably result in the omission or misjudgment of spatial anomalies; it is still challenging to detect arbitrarily shaped anomalous regions in an objective way. Inspired by the data field theory, this study models spatial anomaly degree by considering the distance decay effect and develops an approach for the objective detection of significantly anomalous regions from spatial sampling points. First, constrained Delaunay triangulation is employed to construct reasonable and stable spatial neighborhoods by quantifying the spatial distribution characteristics of sampling points. On this basis, a Gaussian function is adopted for the measurement of spatial anomaly degree considering both distance decay effect and non‐spatial attribute value differences, based upon which anomalous objects can be captured. Finally, treating each anomalous object as a seed, a multidirectional optimization method is developed to identify arbitrarily shaped anomalous regions, and a Monte Carlo simulation is employed to further test the statistical significance of anomalous regions. Experiments on both simulated and real‐world datasets demonstrate that the proposed approach outperforms existing methods in terms of both accuracy and sufficiency for anomalous region detection.


The present invention provides an ultra-stable Y zeolite preparation, the method comprising the NaY zeolite in a conventional manner once ammonium ion exchange, after the cake was filtered into the roaster at 500 ~ 700 ℃, 100% water vapor firing under an atmosphere of 1 to 4 hours, 10 to 40% calcined product loops back the next batch of ammonium exchange slurry continues to operate as described above, so continuously; the method of the present invention is to shorten the process steps, reduces costs and the resulting product was crystallized retention is high and reached the ultra-stable Y zeolite lattice contraction level.


Context: Prior investigations using ice, massage, or exercise have not shown efficacy in relieving delayed-onset muscle soreness. Objectives: To determine whether a compression sleeve worn immediately after maximal eccentric exercise enhances recovery. Design: Randomized, controlled clinical study. Setting: University sports medicine laboratory. Participants: Fifteen healthy, non-strength-trained men, matched for physical criteria, randomly placed in a control group or a continuous compression-sleeve group (CS). Methods and Measures: Subjects performed 2 sets of 50 arm curls. 1RM elbow flexion at 60°/s, upper-arm circumference, resting-elbow angle, serum creatine kinase (CK), and perception-of-soreness data were collected before exercise and for 3 days. Results: CK was significantly (P < .05) elevated from the baseline value in both groups, although the elevation in the CS group was less. CS prevented loss of elbow extension, decreased subjects' perception of soreness, reduced swelling, and promoted recov...


Grey literature is occasionally the first and sole source for specific research topics. It may contain comprehensive, concrete, and up-to-date information on research findings. Despite the importance of grey literature, it is often one of the resources in libraries that is neglected, because it has historically been difficult to identify and obtain. In the case of conference proceedings, it is simpler to obtain in libraries than other types of grey literature such as preprints because it has a certain possibility of further publication. There can be two simple ways of obtaining conference proceedings in libraries. The first one is to receive the materials directly from the researchers who participate in the conference. The other is to subscribe to published conference proceedings. This is a much easier way for libraries to build their collections. Most libraries and information centers in Korea have subscribed to foreign digital resources including conference proceedings through a purchasing consortium called KESLI (Korean Electronic Site License Initiative). It allows scholars to get the information as soon as it is published and thus reduces librarians' efforts of collecting and cataloging. In spite of the many advantages, subscribing to foreign digital conference proceedings through a consortium still has some issues to be discussed. This study first introduces the KESLI consortium and then describes how to develop foreign digital conference proceedings through KESLI and reviews some issues encountered in the subscription process.


This book explores the theme of language usage in its widest sense - usage as what we say or write; usage as a social question; usage as a literary convention; usage and creativity. Walter Nash reflects on the world and the demands it makes on its academic disciplines. The argument develops from the notion of Standard English and the individual user, through technical questions of usage, to considerations of composition and literary creativity, with a concluding chapter on English as a world language. Nash argues that the study of usage transcends both the "prescriptive" and "descriptive" and is ultimately "constructive", displaying the resources of language and exploring their use. This book should be of interest to undergraduates, postgraduates and academics.


PURPOSE
Dual inhibition of glucose and glutamine metabolism results in synergistic anti-cancer effects in solid tumor models. Telaglenastat, an investigational, small molecule, glutaminase inhibitor, exhibits modest single agent activity in RCC patients. This phase 1b trial evaluated telaglenastat plus cabozantinib or everolimus, agents known to impair glucose metabolism in patients with metastatic RCC (mRCC).

EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
mRCC patients received escalating doses of telaglenastat (400-800mg per os [PO] twice daily) in a 3+3 design, plus either everolimus (10mg daily PO; TelaE) or cabozantinib (60mg daily PO; TelaC). Tumor response (RECISTv1.1) was assessed every 8 weeks. Endpoints included safety (primary) and anti-tumor activity.

RESULTS
27 patients received TelaE, 13 received TelaC, with median 2 and 3 prior therapies, respectively. Treatment-related adverse events were mostly grade 1-2, most common including decreased appetite, anemia, elevated transaminases, and diarrhea with TelaE, and diarrhea, decreased appetite, elevated transaminases, and fatigue with TelaC. One dose-limiting toxicity occurred per cohort: grade 3 pruritic rash with TelaE and thrombocytopenia with TelaC. No MTD was reached for either combination, leading to a recommended phase 2 dose of 800mg telaglenastat BID with standard doses of E or C. TelaE disease control rate (DCR; response rate + stable disease) was 95.2% (20/21, including 1 partial response [PR]) among 21 patients with clear cell histology and 66.7% (2/3) for papillary. TelaC DCR was 100% (12/12) for both histologies (5/10 PRs as best response [3 confirmed] in clear cell).

CONCLUSIONS
TelaE and TelaC showed encouraging clinical activity and tolerability in heavily pre-treated mRCC patients.


Background Gastric cancer remains the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Significant number of gastric cancer patients presented with bleeding. Objective This study aimed to identify risk factors and overall survival rates of bleeding gastric cancer patients. Methods This retrospective cohort study was conducted between 2007–2022 at tertiary care center in Thailand. Clinical information, endoscopic findings and histological type were extensively reviewed and were compared between bleeders and non-bleeders. Patients were monitored for at least 5 years. Results There were 20,981 patients who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy during study period. Total of 201 gastric cancer patients were included in this study, 21 were excluded due to incomplete medical records. 180 gastric cancer patients were included with mean age of 60.5±14.3 years. There were 65 (36.1%) patients with gastrointestinal bleeding. Hypertension and chronic kidney disease were significantly more common in bleeders than non-bleeders (43.1% vs 23.5%, OR2.51, 95%CI 1.14.-5.52, p = 0.022; and 16.9% vs 5.2%, OR2.00, 95%CI 1.56–6.63, p = 0.025, respectively). current H. pylori infection was also significantly more common in bleeders than non-bleeders (84.6% vs. 55.7%, OR 4.39, 95%CI 1.90–10.12, p<0.001). Median overall survival of bleeders was significantly lower than non-bleeders (7±0.93 vs 10±2.10 months, p = 0.001). Conclusions Bleeding gastric cancer was not an uncommon condition. Majority of patients presented at advanced stage with grave prognosis. Male gender, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, and current H. pylori infection were reliable predictors for bleeding. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment are the key to improve clinical outcome.


A brief history of the Mellon Institute and a description and listing of the materials held in the library's special collection. A listing of reports available for viewing at the Mellon Institute Library


Raman spectroscopy has been used to distinguish structural differences between α-12-heteropoly anions and β-12-heteropoly anions in solution. The results are consistent with the Keggin structure for the α-isomers and a modified Keggin structure for the β-isomers. Reduced 12-molybdophosphates and molybdovanadophosphates in solution have also been characterized by Raman spectroscopy; the results are consistent with a retention of the Keggin structure.


It is the demand of the Holy Qur'an from the believer that the communication between Humanbeings and the Holy Qur'an be constructed with the act of tilawat (good deeds) with reading-thinking-understanding- acting upon it. At the end of this action this practice of tProphet Muhammad who said "Sadaqallah'ul-'Azim " is applied as the noble sunnah. This practice of the Prophet's qira'at and tilawat of the Qur'an were the basis for how to establish human-Quran communication in history, and related narratives were compiled in hadith studies under the headings of Fedailu'l-Qur'ân"," Sevâbu'l-Qurʾân", "Menâfiʿu'l-Qur'ân" or works on the subject of fedailu'l-Qur'ân. Also, the field of the etiquette of recitation (tilawat) was established. On the basis of the aforementioned ground, an interdisciplinary approach has been adopted with the principle of information integrity and the following questions have been tried to be answered: What does tilawat mean in essence? What is in the meaning of the word sidq,an infinitive of the root s-d-q? According to this, is it appropriate to give the meaning of " Sadaqallah'ul-'Azim" as "Almighty Allah told the truth " or " Allah who is almightly told the truth"? How should we make sense of the phrase " Sadaqallah'ul-'Azim" in the semantic sciences built with the Qur'an-sunnah? When we end the tilawat up with the phrase "Sadaqallah'ul-'Azim", we mean that it is essential to work with sidq to show "awe and honor as both the reader and the listener of the Qur'an"; the only tilawat aspect of communication with the Qur'an is not completed with an insant interruption; at the earliest opportunity/as soon as possible, the tilawat resume or will continue from a specially selected passage; by expressing respect/ power-strength to our Holy Book: "O Qur'an! I am not interrupting my current relationship with you; I will continue to consider the commands of my Almighty God."


267 Background: Clinical information management is a burdensome process for oncology providers owing to the complexity of modern cancer data. The results that a clinician needs to review are often spread across several areas within the EHR, making it cumbersome to sense a broad overview of patient status. The purpose of this study is to describe a framework for oncologist-driven development of a data visualization tool to trend cancer biomarkers and assess the feasibility of this tool to query and display EHR data relevant for the treatment of prostate cancer. Methods: A clinical sponsor is selected to identify data elements necessary to make treatment decisions for patients receiving therapy for prostate cancer and to provide rapid feedback for the clinical tool interface. The commercial EHR database is queried to determine identifying codes for relevant laboratory tests, medications, and procedures. Data elements are assembled using the EHR platform for clinical synopsis and the clinical tool is made available to five genitourinary medical oncologists for initial pilot. Results: Oral prostate cancer medications were queried based on medication therapeutic and pharmaceutical class. In addition, androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) injections were separately identified based on route of administration. Prostate specific antigen (PSA) and testosterone result values were queried using laboratory base and/or common name codes. However, many duplicate entities are found varying by hospital/laboratory site and test assay. The assembled clinical data visualization tool can overlay temporal trends in PSA and testosterone over medication start/stop dates to convey treatment response and signs of early medication resistance. The clinician also has the option to overlay vital signs or other laboratory information to visualize treatment related adverse events (ex. weight gain related to ADT, anemia related to PARP inhibitor therapy, etc.) Lastly, the tool can also highlight the dates of the patient's last imaging tests to allow clinicians to determine if the patient is due for any follow up imaging. Conclusions: The EHR can support novel data visualization tools for cancer biomarkers that can reasonably support clinical workflows. Development requires an intimate knowledge of EHR data but may still be limited by duplicate or erroneous codes for laboratory results. This issue may be addressed by using standard nomenclature for laboratory results such as LOINC codes but is not currently supported by the commercial EHR. Future work in this area will include formal usability testing from the perspective of oncology providers and patients.


The key points in present fisheries work are:propagandizing and carrying out the new edited'Fisheries Law'so that all the aspects of the fisheries work can be promoted;adopting effective method to increase the income of fishermen;establishing and improving a brand new fisheries management system and strengthening the conservation of fisheries resource and the protection of fisheries environment;strengthening fisheries basic work and heightening the scientific level and perspective level in management.


The utility model discloses a robot stirring friction welding device. The robot stirring friction welding device comprises a robot body, a stirring friction welding machine head, a stirring needle, a fixing platform, a displacement sensor and a vision sensor. The stirring friction welding machine head is arranged below the robot body and fixedly connected with a mechanical arm of the robot body, the robot body controls the movement of the stirring friction welding machine head, the stirring needle is arranged at the lower portion of the stirring friction welding machine head, and the stirring needle moves along with the stirring friction welding machine head. The displacement sensor and the vision sensor are arranged on the fixing platform, and the fixing platform is used for carrying a workpiece to be welded. The contact force of the stirring needle of the stirring friction welding machine head and the workpiece to be welded is constant, the stirring needle moves according to the ideal welding track, welding is even, the welding depth is consistent, the welding track is obtained according to the inverse kinematics or kinetic model control algorithm, the welding track is accurate, and the robot stirring friction welding device is convenient to use and practical.


An artificial intelligence system is capable of elucidating and representing knowledge along with storing and manipulating data. Knowledge could be a collection of facts and principles build up by human. It is the refined form of information. Knowledge representation is to represent knowledge in a manner that facilitates the power to draw conclusions from knowledge. Knowledge representation is a good approach as conventional procedural code is not the best way to use for solving complex problems. Frames, Semantic Nets, Systems Architecture, Rules, and Ontology are its techniques to represent knowledge. Forward and backward chaining are the two main methods of reasoning used in an inference engine. It is a very common approach for "expert systems", business and systems. This paper focus on the concept of knowledge representation in artificial intelligence and the elaborating the comparison of forward and backward chaining.


In this paper we consider the consistency problem of temporal or spatial qualitive constraint networks. A new encoding making it possible to represent and solve this problem in the framework of the prepositional logic is proposed. The definition of this encoding presupposes the existence of a particular order on the basic relations of the qualitative calculus such as that of the conceptual lattice of the interval algebra of Allen.


Based on analyses of the defficiency of the current communication sub-system used in integration platform of coal mine monitoring system,the improvement principle is put forward which designed a new communication sub-system.The new system,combining TCP with UDP,is more stable,intelligent and efficient.


The possibility to fulfill the lack of studies comparing methods for financial assets accounting at fair value in terms of value relevance for investors is the main contribution of this research. Such contribution is emphasized by the importance of assessing how well accounting amounts reflect information used by investors. This study compares available for sale financial assets with financial assets at fair value through profit or loss in terms of value relevance for investors. The results evidence that although accounting differently both methods provide equally strong explanatory power of security prices which favors fair value accounting.


A novel application of artificial neural networks (NNs) to modeling biomedical systems from the time series data that the systems generate is proposed. The systems are allowed to be nonlinear and/or nonstationary. The method consists of training a NN by error backpropagation algorithm for the prediction of a biomedical time series signal, and then examining the connection-weight-space (CWS) of the NN to extract information about the signal generator mechanism. A novel feature, "normalized vector separation" (NVS) is also proposed to measure the separation of two arbitrary states in the CWS and use it to track the state changes of the system. A new method to estimate the order of the system from the time series data including noise by calculating degree of randomness is also proposed. The performance of the methods is examined with synthetic signals, and then successfully applied to sleep-wake rhythm and clinical EEG. Analysis of synthetic data indicates that the NVS can track the system down to a signal-to-noise ratio of 3.5dB. Sleep-wake hour data for three months from normal subjects were analyzed. The underlying system was modeled by NNs and dynamic changes of the model were captured. Secondly, clinical data obtained from three patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy of the brain showed that EEG could be modeled with a small root-means-squared-error by the proposed method, and the blood perfusion state of the brain could be monitored via NVS. Correspondence to:


This report presents a general theory of contract-impact problems cast in a variational theorem suitable for implementation with the finite element method. The numerical scheme is described as is the structural analysis computer code in which it is contained.


The public transportation service quality continues to be one of the challenges for authorities and transportation stakeholders around the world. In this study, the researchers confront this challenge by identifying key attributes that affect the users' perceptions on bus service quality in Phnom Penh City. Questionnaire surveys were collected from bus users to measure their perceptions of the bus service quality. After that, data were analyzed using Factor analysis. Twenty-four quality attributes were analyzed utilizing exploratory factor analysis (EFA). This has led to the conclusion that five main factors affecting the perceptions of users regarding the quality of bus services. They are Bus Stop Facilities, Bus Services, Driver Attitude, Bus Capacity, as well as Vehicle Condition. To check whether factor structure is acceptable, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was applied. In this context, the high factor loading of CFA means those attributes had forceful beneficial effectiveness on city bus service quality. The results of this study will help the authorities and involved stakeholders gain a depth of understanding of the underlying problems of city bus service and consequently will enhance the city bus service quality.


Thanks to the editorial board members, the managing team and the contributing authors, we are now putting forth the first issue of AIMS Environmental Science, a significant milestone accomplished for this newly launched open-access journal. When I was invited to serve as the editor of this journal about five months ago, I started to ask myself: Since there are already a few journals in this area, why do we bother to launch another one? In other words, what makes this new journal unique and differentiated from others? First of all, AIMS Environmental Science is an open-access journal. Here I would like to share a bit of my personal experience with open access publications. About a year ago, I had one paper published in an open-access book. To my surprise, the number of downloads of the paper over the last twelve months is well beyond what I can anticipate from any non-open access publications. Accessibility is an important factor affecting information dissemination in environmental research. I strongly believe that barrier-free information dissemination to both the scientific community and the public is critical for environmental research, because one noble goal of our research is to inform the public and to help them to reach their own objective decisions and opinions about specific environmental issues. In this sense, open-access publishing certainly has its own merit. Secondly, addressing environmental issues we are currently facing, such as global climate changes, requires our holistic understanding of complex systems involved, in which our human society is often an important component to be considered. The existing publications in environmental research are rather segmented and scattered, often leading to a situation of nine blind men and an elephant when referred to a specific issue. From the very beginning, this journal is intended to provide a needed platform for effective information dissemination across existing and extremely diverse knowledge domains in environmental research. We have intentionally made the scope of this journal as inclusive as possible:


Attack payloads are often short segments hidden in HTTP requests; thus they can be found by HTTP payload anomaly detection. Deep learning models learn data features during training without manual feature extraction, and better performance has received more attention. Recurrent Neural Network models process sequences directly, which are widely used in payload anomaly detection. However, due to the gradient vanishing problem, RNN has limits on processing the long sequences. Meanwhile, RNN uses its final hidden state for detection and pays more attention to the content of the end of the payload. Besides, deep learning generally lacks interpretability. The paper proposes an unsupervised deep learning model for HTTP payload Anomaly Detection, namely Attention-based Encoder-Decoder Recurrent Neural Networks Anomaly Detection model (AEDRAD). AEDRAD utilizes the encoder-decoder RNN and attention mechanism to detect anomalies by reconstructing the original sequences. AEDRAD filters the fields of HTTP protocol that cannot exist anomalies, focusing on the suspicious segments. Through the encoder-decoder network, the normal payload can be well-reconstructed while the anomaly payload fails. With the attention mechanism, AEDRAD generates practical features for further anomaly detection from a global perspective. Meanwhile, it marks abnormal fragments visually, which is conducive to a subsequent analysis by experts. The experimental results show that AEDRAD significantly outperforms three state-of-the-art unsupervised algorithms on two real datasets.


One of the reasons for the low completion rate in distance courses is that students cannot identify themselves as being part of the context, in which the knowledge is being taught. The on-campus co ...


We use a novel approach to explore how people sort into different careers based on their personality skills. We link genetic data from individuals in the Swedish Twin Registry to government register data, making use of new polygenic indices that capture the genetic predispositions of individuals towards a range of relevant cognitive skills, personality traits, and economic preferences. We first present a detailed mapping of these genetic tendencies by occupation and study major. We show that – conditional on their socio-economic background – people who sort into different study majors and occupations differ significantly in their genetic predispositions. We then take advantage of random genetic variation between siblings to show that this sorting is at least partially due to a causal effect of genetic tendencies on career choices. Our results shed new light on the determinants of some of the most impactful decisions people must make in their lives.


Question Answering (QA) is one of the branches of Artificial Intelligence (AI) that involves the processing of human language by computer. QA systems accept questions in natural language and generate answers often in natural language. The answers are derived from databases, text collections, and knowledge bases. The main aim of QA systems is to generate a short answer to a question rather than a list of possibly relevant documents. As it becomes more and more difficult to find answers on the World Wide Web (WWW) using standard search engines, the technology of QA systems will become increasingly important. A series of systems that can answer questions from various data or knowledge sources are briefly described. These systems provide a friendly interface to the user of information systems that is particularly important for users who are not computer experts. The line of development of ideas starts with procedural semantics and leads to interfaces that support researchers for the discovery of parameter values of causal models of systems under scientific study. QA systems historically developed roughly during the 1960-1970 decade (Simmons, 1970). A few of the QA systems that were implemented during this decade are:


We present a near-infrared image of UY Aur, a 0.9″ separated binary system, using the Coronagraphic Imager with Adaptive Optics on the Subaru Telescope. Thanks to adaptive optics, the spatial resolution of our image was ∼0.1″ in the full width at half-maximum of the point-spread function, the highest achieved. By comparison with previous measurements, we estimated that the orbital period is ∼1640 ± 90 yr and the total mass of the binary is ∼1.73 ± 0.29 M⊙. The observed H-band magnitude of the secondary varies by as much as 1.3 mag within a decade, while that of the primary is rather stable. This inconstancy may arise from photospheric variability caused by an uneven accretion rate or from the rotation of the secondary. We detected a half-ring-shaped circumbinary disk around the binary with a bright southwestern part but a barely detectable northeastern portion. The brightness ratio is ≳57 ± 5. Its inner radius and inclination are about 520 AU and 42° ± 3°, respectively. The disk is not uniform but has remarkable features, including a clumpy structure along the disk, circumstellar material inside the inner cavity, and an extended armlike structure. The circumstellar material inside the cavity probably corresponds to a clump or material accreting from the disk onto the binary. The armlike structure is part of the disk, created by accretion from the outer region of the disk or encounters with other stellar systems.


This document shows an analysis of the behavior of the voltage profile in the distribution network by the insertion of charge of different Electric Vehicles (EVs) in different periods of time and amount of load, it is analyzed the voltage profiles since they are an indicator of The reliability of an electrical system.
Based on several recharge scenarios, it is possible to determine the percentage of affectation to the current distribution network and whether the network can supply the load of the EVs.
By means of a heuristic based on the Hungarian algorithm it is possible to estimate the behavior of the demand of the distribution networks and the variation of the voltage profiles, and it is possible to discriminate the optimum hours for the recharge of the batteries of the EVs. The analysis is associated with the prediction of the maximum power that a four-bay charging station can have at different times, considering slow, fast and super fast load, each of them with different level of affectation to the network, also looking for the Correct load management of EVs to increase the efficiency, quality and reliability of distribution networks.


The chronological and morphological changes of the nucleus during mouse oocyte maturation and fertilization were systematically studied. Although most oocytes went through GVBD 2-4 hrs after culture, 13.6% remained at GV stage 8 hrs after culture.TEM observation revealed that nucleoli of oocytes which failed to go through GVBD were composed of fibrillar-granular component,small vacuoles and fibrillar centers or showed small vacuoles on nuclear surface. During GVBD, the nucleoli became smaller and smaller and finally disappeared with the nuclear-associated chromatin dislocated to the periphery. Nuclear membrane with attached chromatin became folded and electronic dense cores appeared in the center of chromatin clumps at the same time.The last event of GVBD was the disruption of nuclear membrane.At the end of the 5th hr after culture, meiosis progressed to prometaphase I.Chromosomes,distributed in the original GV area free of organelles,were surrounded by large quantity of mitochondria and small SER vesicles. At the end of the 12th hr after culture,48. 1% of the oocytes emitted PB1.Decondensing sperm head and early male pronuclcus(mPN)with condensed nucleoli were found 1-2 hrs after insemination.The formation and enlargement of female PN(fPN) occurred a little earlier than that of mPN. 33.3% finished syngamy at 8-9 hrs after insemination.The process of nucleolus formation was reverse to that in GVBD. The oolemma modification caused by cortical reaction could effectively inhibit polyspermy.in contrast,there were sperm binding to the oolemma where CGs failed to be released. In addition, PB2 was emitted 2-5 hrs after insemination. The difference between PB1 and PB2 as well as the abstriction of polar body were also discussed.


The study examined the moderating effect of corporate governance mechanism on the relationship between firm attributes and corporate performance in emerging economy. Firm attributes was proxy using firm assets tangibility (FAT) and firm foreign listing (FFL); corporate performance was measured using Tobin's Q while the moderating variable of corporate governance mechanism was proxy using board size. The ex post facto design was adopted and the data for the study was collected from the annual reports and accounts of the 66 manufacturing companies listed under consumer goods sector, industrial goods sector oil & gas sector, ICT sector, healthcare sector and conglomerate sector of the Nigeria Exchange Group (NGX) as of December 31, 2022 for the period of 2016-2022. Panel Least squares model was used in the data analysis and the results of the study show a significant and positive association between firm assets tangibility, firm foreign listing and performance of listed manufacturing firms in Nigeria at 1% significant level. Corporate governance mechanism was also found to moderate the relationship between the firm assets tangibility, firm foreign listing and corporate performance at 1%-5% level of significance. The study therefore concludes that firm attributes ensure corporate performance. The study recommends that firms should find a way to ensure an optimal use of their tangible assets and also have a foreign stock listing as it ensures corporate performance. In addition, firms should ensure that they have effective corporate governance mechanism in place as it moderates the relationship between firm attributes and corporate performance.


The Torremar Hotel is located close to the Promenade of Torre del Mar, 50 m from the beach, 2 km from the port, 15 km from golf course, 30 km from Malaga city and 45 km from the Pablo Ruiz Picasso Airport. The hotel facilities include 24h reception, restaurant,..


Inventory management control is a tool that ensures the availability of marketable assets, by measuring the operational results of a given period. The research proposes procedures that establish tools for the company Emelnorte S.A., which will allow the optimization of costs, and therefore, improve its profitability. As an objective, the analysis of the inventory control model of the material used in the units owned by Empresa Electrica Regional Norte S.A. was drawn up, through risk management matrices, which allow defining a proposal to improve the inventory control model. The study defines risk classification standards, probability levels, operational impact, strategy, monitoring and risk response.


INTRODUCTION. Receptor-ligand molecular docking is a structure-based approach widely used by the scientific community in Medicinal Chemistry. The main objective is to assist the process of drug discovery, searching for new lead compounds against relevant therapeutic targets with known three-dimensional structures [1]. The program DockThor [2,3], developed by the group GMMSB/LNCC, has obtained promising results in comparative studies with other well-established docking programs for predicting experimental binding modes, considering several molecular targets and chemical classes of ligands. The first version of the DockThor portal was firstly available for binding mode prediction and was strict to the docking of a single ligand at a time. Despite useful for pose prediction, the scoring function implemented in the first version of the DockThor portal was not suitable for predicting binding affinities, which is crucial for virtual screening studies. Recently, our research group developed new empirical scoring functions to predict protein-ligand binding affinities that demonstrated to be competitive with the best scoring functions reported in the literature [4]. Such encouraging results motivated the development of a new version of the Web server for virtual screening. The DockThor 2.0 portal utilizes the computational facilities provided by the SINAPAD Brazilian high-performance platform (www.lncc.br/sinapad) and the Santos Dumont supercomputer. MATERIALS AND METHODS. The DockThor program has implemented a grid-based method that employs a steady-state genetic algorithm for multiple solutions as the search engine and the MMFF94S force field as the scoring function for pose evaluation. The web server provides the major steps of ligand and protein preparation, being possible to change the residues protonation states and to define the degree of flexibility of the ligand. It is possible to perform virtual screening experiments with a maximum of 100 compounds as a guest user or 1000 compounds for registered users with an approved project. The main parameters of the grid box and the genetic algorithm can also be customized. We recently developed general and specific scoring functions for target-classes, the last to account for binding characteristics associated with a target class of interest, focusing on proteases, kinases and protein-protein interactions complexes (PPIs). The scoring functions were derived using linear regression (MLR) and more sophisticated machine learning techniques for nonlinear problems using the PDBbind refined set 2013 (N = 2959) for training and 12 a 17/Nov, 2017, Águas de Lindóia/SP, Brasil testing. We also trained and evaluated general scoring functions using docking results obtained with DockThor. DISCUSSION AND RESULTS. The DockThor program has obtained very satisfactory results in redocking experiments using benchmarking datasets considering diverse RMSD values as success criterion, achieving performances of 78%, 83.33% and 78% in the Astext diverse (N = 85), Iridium-HT (N = 120) and PDBbind 2013 core set (N = 195), respectively, for the top-ranked energy pose. Furthermore, our scoring functions obtained promising performances when evaluated in both experimental and docking structures, indicating that they are reliable to be applied in both cases, with the best one achieving a high correlation with measured binding data (R = 0.705) from the PDBbind core set v2013. In the DockThor portal, docking results are automatically clustered and ordered by an internal analyses tool. The parameters of the analysis step may also be customized by the user, as the number of different binding modes and compare them with a reference conformation of the ligand through the RMSD calculation. Compounds docked in virtual screening studies are ranked according to the score provided by the general and linear scoring function developed by our research group specifically for the DockThor program. Such scoring function was also validated for virtual screening using the DUD-E dataset for several protein targets with active and decoy compounds. For example, the scoring function developed for the DockThor program obtained an AUC = 0.722 when evaluated on a set of 976 active and 25980 inactive compounds for the protease Trypsin [5]. CONCLUSION. The new version of the DockThor Portal is a free Web server for protein-ligand docking and virtual screening experiments available for the scientific community at the address www.dockthor.lncc.br/v2. Key-words: virtual screening, protein-ligand docking, drug design. Support: This work has been supported by FAPERJ, CNPq and CAPES. References: [1] I. A. Guedes, C. S. de Magalhães, and L. E. Dardenne, "Receptor–ligand molecular docking," Biophys. Rev., vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 75–87, Mar. 2014. [2] C. S. de Magalhães, H. J. C. Barbosa, and L. E. Dardenne, "Selection-Insertion Schemes in Genetic Algorithms for the Flexible Ligand Docking Problem," in Genetic and Evolutionary Computation – GECCO 2004, vol. 3102, K. Deb, Ed. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004, pp. 368–379. [3] C. S. de Magalhães, D. M. Almeida, H. J. C. Barbosa, and L. E. Dardenne, "A dynamic niching genetic algorithm strategy for docking highly flexible ligands," Inf. Sci., vol. 289, pp. 206–224, Dec. 2014. [4] I. A. Guedes, A. M. S. Barreto, M. A. Miteva, and L. E. Dardenne, "Development of Empirical Scoring Functions for Predicting Protein-Ligand Binding Affinity," Laboratório Nacional de Computação Científica, Petrópolis RJ, 2016. [5] F. S. S. Pereira, I. A. Guedes, and L. E. Dardenne, "Avaliação de Funções Empíricas de Scoring em Experimentos de Triagem Virtual em Larga Escala," 2017.


Treatment of TINO3 with an excess of 1,4,7-trithiacyclononane ([9]aneS3) in MeCN followed by addition of NH4PF6 affords the 1 : 1 complex [Tl([9]aneS3)]PF6, which crystallises in the orthorhombic space group P212121 with a= 7.7655(11), b= 8.3767(18), c= 20.838(4)A and Z= 4 as determined by X-ray crystallography. The structure shows the trithia ligand bound facially to the TlI centre, Tl–S(1) 3.114(3), Tl–S(4) 3.092(3) and Tl–S(7) 3.110(3)A. A secondary interaction between the thallium and S(7′){in a neighbouring [Tl([9]aneS3)]+ unit at (½+x, ½–y, ½–z)}, Tl–S(7′) 3.431(3)A, gives overall [3 + 1] thioether co-ordination at TlI. These contacts between cations related by the 21 screw axis parallel to a link [Tl([9]aneS3)]+ fragments to form infinite helices running in that direction. Further secondary interactions occur between the TlI centre and the fluorines of three different PF6– counter ions, Tl ⋯ F(2) 3.228(8), Tl ⋯ F(4) 3.389(8), Tl ⋯ F(3) 3.246(8) and Tl ⋯ F(5) 3.272(9)A, to give formally an eight-co-ordinate metal complex.


Corporate governance has been become an important issue for both Vietnamese firms and government. This study examines the effects of corporate governance on firm performance in Vietnam using the 2009 Survey of Corporate Governance Practices, which surveyed a sample of 100 large, publicly traded Vietnamese companies on the Hanoi Stock Exchange (HSE) and the Ho Chi Minh Stock Exchange (HOSE) on 1 st January 2009. The research results show that corporate governance has an impact on firm performance. More specifically, corporate governance practices have impacted on firm profitability and market performance. The article concludes with some recommendations for management and directions for future research.


The Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT) is increasingly committed to the pavement management system. For this reason, updated simple pavement performance prediction models with the least number of explanatory variables are required to predict the performance of various pavement types for future planning of rehabilitation or replacement. In Indiana, the two main pavement types are jointed concrete pavement and bituminous pavement. 1999 and 2000 year data were used to develop regression models for different pavement types for the interstate and non-interstate roads system. The international roughness index, in inches over mile, was mainly used for dependent variables while the age of pavement and the current average annual daily traffic were used as independent variables in best model searching. The data from the road test sections, which were randomly selected for this study, did not yield statistically strong pavement performance prediction models more probably due to non-uniform construction and foundation of the test sections. The rutting is recommended to be used as safety factor along with the pavement prediction models.


The equilibrium properties of nearest‐neighbor Ising spin glasses on hypercubic lattices are studied as a function of d, the dimensionality. An expansion of Tc(d) to fifth order in inverse powers of d, augmented by high‐temperature series estimates for d=3 and 4, yields the critical temperature for all d and for general, symmetric distributions of coupling strengths, Jij. By extrapolation of Tc to zero, the lower borderline dimensionality is estimated as dl ≂2.5. High‐temperature expansions for the spin‐glass susceptibility of the ±J model in powers of w=tanh2(J/kBT) and u=tanh2(H/kBT), where H is the magnetic field, yield estimates of the magnetic field crossover exponent Δ for d=3 to 8.


Hans Clevers explains his ground-breaking work with adult stem cells and organoids. David Ranson urges you to talk to your family about becoming a tissue donor.


In conversation with Kathryn Tanner's Christology, I argue that Jesus' receptivity matters. He is who he is, and his story goes the way it goes, only because of what he receives and goes on receiving from all that surrounds him. Similarly, Jesus' church grows and learns by what it encounters in the world. These encounters can be occasions for the work of the Spirit upon it, drawing it into the life that God has established in the world in Jesus. Neither Jesus' incarnate life nor the life of the church should be conceived as involving preservation from creaturely interaction and dependence.


Partial defoliation of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) during early to mid-June followed by a regrowth period can provide high yields of quality forage for midsummer grazing. No information is available on effects of partial spring defoliation on subsquent same-year seef yields. The objective was to determine the effect of spring defoliation and N fertilization on spring herbage yield and quality and fall seed yield and quality of switchgrass cultivars


The advanced compatible television (ACTV) system is a proposal for the single-channel transmission of widescreen enhanced-definition television (EDTV) images. A widescreen high-definition source is encoded into a signal that is NTSC-compatible. Existing NTSC receivers display a selected 4:3 portion of the widescreen image with standard NTSC resolution. A new widescreen receiver is proposed, tuned to the same 6 MHz RF channel, that displays a widescreen image with a resolution in excess of 400 lines/picture height in both spatial dimensions. The encoding process is reviewed and the recovery of various signal components to produce the widescreen image in the ACTV receiver is discussed. >


Dividend Decision one of the important aspects as the primary goal of corporate finance is to maximize shareholder value thereby of corporate finance. Corporate finance deals with longterm and short-term decisions and techniques relating to monetary decisions that business enterprises make and the tools and analysis used to make these decisions, making Dividend Decision one of the important aspects as the primary goal of corporate finance is to maximize shareholder value thereby of corporate finance. In the above context I have studied the relationship between the Dividend per share, EPS, Operating Profit per share,aFree Reserves per share of Tata Steel over a period of 2008 to 2012. The study is based on secondary data collected from the authentic websites of these companies. I have used Pearson's Correlation Coefficient (2 Tailed test, 5% Level of Significance) to see whether there is any significant correlation between the above mentioned variables. It also needs to be seen whether there are any major fluctuations in the above variables over the period of study and to what extent.


The tricyclic core of 5a-capnellenols was synthesized using an asymmetric Heck reaction-carbanion capture process and an intramolecular nitrile oxide cycloaddition as key ring construction steps. Moreover, the desired C5-α-OH product was obtained through a retroaldol and aldol epimerization process of the C5-β-OH tricyclic compound.


This study aims to examine the effect of profitability, dividend policy, firm size, and capital structure variables on enterprise value in Indonesia Stock Exchange- or IDX-listed companies for 2011-2015 period. The population in this study were 37 IDX-listed companies for 2011-2015 period. 12 companies were sampled purposively. The data were analyzed using multiple regression. The results show that probability, dividend policy, firm size and capital structure simultaneously have an effect on enterprise value. Partially, profitability and dividend policy have a significant positive effect on enterprise value, capital structure has a significant negative effect on enterprise value, and firm size has a negative, yet statistically insignificant effect. From the results of this study, it is expected that any company management pays attention to their profitability, dividend policy, and capital structure as these factors have a significant effect on enterprise value and thus they need to be maximized to make the enterprise value greater.


Photoelectrochemical cells have been constructed with SnO2/ZnO, SnO2, ZnO and TiO2 films sensitized with eosin Y (sodium salt and triethyl ammonium salt). SnO2/ZnO composite system gives a significantly high short-circuit photocurrent and an efficiency compared to the cells made from SnO2, ZnO or TiO2. It is suggested that the recombination is better suppressed in the composite system and a possible mechanism involved is discussed.