T HE American university "is becoming more and more tumultuous. Our universities have then, I say, increased their genuine facilities and opportunities; they have simultaneously and needlessly cheapened, vulgarized, and mechanized themselves. Perhaps the phenomena I have in mind are transient . . . mere symptoms developed on the way to something better. Suppose they are; for our generation at least they are serious and disquieting."1 Serious and disquieting these phenomena clearly are to Mr. Flexner. They seem to have been much less so to a considerable number of renowned university presidents, past and present, to donors of great gifts for special university purposes, or to legislators fostering those most tumultuous of all higher institutions of learning, the state universities to be found in the North Central and Western states. Mr. Flexner's scholarly and amply documented book of nearly four hundred pages will undoubtedly take a prominent place as a historic milestone in the evolution of higher institutions of learning in America and possibly 1 Flexner, Abraham. Universities: American, English, German. New York: Oxford University Press,


Naively the Hilbert space of a sigma model has to be defined as an L^2 space of functions on the space of free loops of the target. This object is not well defined. In this note we study a finite-dimensional approximations L_N(S^n) of the free loops of the sphere S^n. Spaces L_N(S^n) are defined in terms of finite Fourier series. L_N(S^n) finite-dimensional but singular. We compute Riemann and Ricci curvatures of the smooth locus of this space and study Schrodinger operator in the case of L_1(S^n)


Objective To observe the clinical effects and sytokine of Human Placenta Lipopolysaccharide assisted method in treatment of new smear-positive tuberculosis patients. Methods A total of 60 new diagnosed cases with smear-positive tuberculosis patients were randomly divided into two groups?押 the treatment group(n=30) who received Human Placenta Lipopolysaccharide combined chemotherapy and the control group(n=30) who received combined chemotherapy only. Results The sputum bacteria negtive rate- the pulmonary tuberculosis lesion absorption rate after 2-month treatment for the treatment group were 96.7%- 93.3%; respectively- for the controls the rates were 80%-70%- respectively. The rates between the two groups were significant difference(P0.05). respectively the oneself comparison T lymphocytes and the serum level of IL-4 were significant difference; IFN-γ were significantly higher than the control group(P0.01). However- the side effects between the twogroups were similar. Conclusions Use of Human Placenta Lipopolysaccharide combined with chemotherapy may increase clinical effects in treatment new smear-positive tuberculosis patients- and it is safe- increase the cell immune function. of patients.


This paper analyses how the presence of the HFET transistor modifies the DC operation of a Resonant Tunneling Logic Follower MOBILE, and can prevent its correct operation. The difficulty of an analytical study for the resulting circuit has been overcome by resorting to series expansions for both the RTD and the HFET I-V characteristics in the points of interest. We have obtained analytical expressions describing the regions where a MOBILE follower operates correctly.


To ensure the accuracy of the work capacity of the detonation powerplant, the explosive and shock process of detonation powerplants was simulated with LS-DYNA. Many maximum rising displacements of the cartridge indicating the work capacity of the device were obtained, under different fit clearances of the device. It was proved that fit clearances were the key factors affecting the work capacity of the device, and reasonable range for fit clearances was found. Besides, the objective function, constraint condition, and optimization design variables of the Genetic Algorithm were determined according to the design indicators of the detonation powerplant. The theoretical values of fit clearances of the optimization design of detonation powerplants were obtained. At last, the tests of the work capacity of the detonation powerplant and LS-DYNA simulation proved the rationality of the theoretical values from the Genetic Algorithm, providing an experimental proof for the accuracy design, which could control the service door movement accurately.


An upgrade design up to 40Gb/s (10Gb/s×4-channel WDM) is discussed based on the experimental results using 1570km installed submarine cable for 5Gb/s.


The detection of certain trace gases in the atmosphere of Mars may serve as a possible indicator of microbial life on the surface of Mars. Candidate biogenic gases include methane (CHI), ammonia (NHS), nitrous oxide (N20), and several reduced sulfur species. Chemical thermodynamic equilibrium and photochemical calculations preclude the presence of these gases in any measurable concentrations in the atmosphere of Mars in the absence of biogenic production. A search for these gases utilizing either high resolution (spectral and spatial) spectroscopy from a Mars orbiter, such as the Observer, and/or in situ measurements from a Mars lander or rover, is proposed.


The mechanism of adsorption has been discussed by static adsorption experiment. Check the pH,time,and U( Ⅵ) the influence of initial concentration and temperature on adsorption. Results show that the pH value on the absorption effect of modified HA is larger,the modified humic acid adsorption U( Ⅵ) the best pH value is 6,the maximum removal rate was 99. 37%,the adsorption of basic balance within 60 min. UO22 +adsorption on the modified humic acid is exothermic process,accord with the Freundlich isothermal adsorption equation,the correlation coefficient of 0. 99 above. It shows that IHA for uranium adsorption on the surface as the main adsorption,monolayer adsorption is not uniform. 8figs.,9refs.


In addition to γ-carboxyglutamic acid (Gla)-dependent calcium binding all of the vitamin K-dependent plasma proteins, except prothrombin, have one or two high affinity calcium binding sites that do not require the Gla residues. A common denominator among these proteins (factors IX, X, protein C, protein Z and protein S) is that they have domaines that are homologus to the epidermal growth factor (EGF) precursor. In factors VII,IX,X, protein C and in protein Z the aminoterminal of two EGF homology regions contain one residue of β-hydroxyaspartic acid (Hya) whereas in protein S the aminoterminal EGF homology region contains Hya and the three following contain one β-hydroxyasparagine residue each. In an attempt to elucidate the role of the EGF homology regions in the Gla independent calcium binding we have isolated a tryptic fragment (residue 44-138) from the light chain of human protein C. The fragment was isolated using a monoclonal antibody that recognizes a calcium ion stabilized epitope that is expressed both in intact protein C and in protein C lacking the Gla domaine.The antibody bound the isolated EGF homology region in the presence of calcium ions but not in EDTA containing buffer. A calcium ion titration showed half maximal binding at approximately 200 μM Ca2+. The metal ion induced conformational change in the isolated fragment was also studied with affinity purified rabbit antibodies against Gla domainless protein C. Antibodies that bound in the presence of calcium ions and that could be eluted with EDTA recognized the metal ion induced conformational change in the isolated EGF homology domain. Our results suggest that one or both of the EGF homology regions are involved in the Gla-independent high affinity calcium binding in the vitamin K-dependent plasma proteins.


It has been a century since Chinese people began to explore the paths to modernization. They did not find a suitable way until 1978.Modernization has both a historical sense and a sense of the world. It must be realized by open door practices, which are the inevitable choice of China. China must adapt itself to the trend of economic globalization. The trend offers new opportunities as well as challenges. Therefore, China must take practical measures to deal with the new situation.


T he decision to define or measure diversity in a certain way for conservation or development policy can have unforeseen impacts on other types of diversity. For example, efforts to promote the diversity of one crop in a multi-crop system can lead to a loss or decline of diversity in another crop. A program that enhances the richness of varieties may have unforeseen effects on the evenness in the distribution of those varieties. Similarly, in conserving public-good qualities of diversity, the choice to conserve landraces that are valued by breeders for their rareness may have a negative impact on landraces with other important genetic qualities, such as broad adaptability. Crop diversity may also be affected indirectly by policies that encourage seed interventions to promote another crop. The types of policy and diversity trade-offs described in this brief are context specific , arising from the particular economic and ecological conditions under which crops are grown. However, generalizations can still be made across studies that have implications for conservation programs and seed-system interventions. Not all landraces can be conserved on farms, and not all farmers can conserve them because of the costs involved. The challenge for many developing countries is to create incentives for maintaining diversity that can benefit both current and future farmers. One way of distinguishing those varieties that provide high public value is to classify them in terms of their use for future breeding. This information can then be linked to data about the farmers and environments with high propensities to maintain these varieties , in order to determine where there is overlap between high private and public values for diversity. In Nepal, Gauchan and colleagues (2006) identified geneticists' preferences for lan-draces by classifying them according to three criteria: diversity (a heterogeneous population); rarity (embodying unique or uncommon traits); and adaptability (exhibiting wide adaptation). A farmer decision-making model was developed to identify the factors that influence whether landraces meeting these public-good criteria are grown. Education, labor composition in the household, and livestock assets are all found to be significant predictors that households will grow landraces that are important for future crop improvement. More adult labor engaged in agriculture has a large affect on the probability that adaptive landraces are grown, while the more endowed a household is with livestock assets, the more likely it is to grow genetically diverse landraces. Human capital also appears to be a critical factor. …


This basic computer basic training aims to facilitate students in preparing themselves to welcome the implementation of the Computer-Based National Assessment (ANBK). There are several obstacles from this research because students still do not understand about computers. This implementation method is carried out by direct practicum method and lecture method. The training participants were 12 grade 5 students. The training took place in the class room of SD Negeri 218 Congkoe. Based on the training carried out, the desired results are achieved well, namely students become more skilled in operating computers.


I label myself as neither mathematician nor artist, preferring to place myself on the periphery of many subjects. The advantages of cross-discipline communication are becoming better understood and appreciated, and braiding is an ideal medium for traversing into different realms. It is an ancient technique that can be found in many forms, all over the world. Its chameleon-like ability means it can be found in seemingly diverse spheres: from fashion to warfare, surgery to mechanics, and sports to cuisine. It can, quite literally, include the kitchen sink (with its braided metal pipes). It can be incorporated into the study of disparate disciplines: from maths to art, history to religion, and anthropology to physics. However, in order to bring these worlds together, common ground and more importantly, a common language must be found. Even a simple concept cannot be understood if it is explained in a foreign language. So in order to bridge the gap between disciplines, there is a need to find new ways of communicating. Not only will this give access to new territory, but also the actual search for a new language can widen and enrich our understanding of areas of specialization.


Basic graphite morphology types of nodular iron were introduced.By collecting morphological features of graphites, the matter element analysis method was adopted to establish the metter-element model of graphite morphology, as well as determine the classical domain and limited domain. The graphite morphologies were identified by using correlated functions and the decision tree method. The experimental result showed that the proposed method is feasible.


In Peer-to-Peer (P2P) overlay networks, a group of multiple peer processes are required to cooperate to make a global decision. Each process takes a value and exchanges values with the other proces...


Rotational distributions vary widely among the different collisional interactions that initiate chemical and physical change, processes that are often regarded as differing in kind. Here the commonality of mechanism among a variety of collision-induced processes is emphasized. This mechanism is the conversion of linear-to-angular momentum at the hard wall of the intermolecular potential. Its operation is constrained by (i) the existence of quantized molecular eigenstates and (ii) boundary conditions set by energy conservation. The wide variation of these boundary conditions under differing kinematic circumstances gives rise to the wide variety of rotational distributions that is observed experimentally. Three cases of vibrotation transfer (VRT), namely Li2−Ne, NO−NO, and HF−H are considered in detail. It is shown that the natural distribution in VRT is best described as "frustrated exponential-like", only recognized as such by observing the development of rotational distribution shape as the vibrational momentum "gap" steadily increases, as in the cases considered. The low Δj region of the distribution becomes severely truncated as this gap increases, giving distribution shapes which are superficially Boltzmann in appearance. The analysis here indicates that derivation of rotational "temperatures" based on this apparent similarity is likely to give misleading results. Velocity−angular momentum diagrams are used to give physical insight into the operation of the mechanism, the effect of energy boundary conditions and to predict rotational distribution shapes and peak values. The analysis also suggests that in determining vibrational transfer cross section, inaccurate results will generally result unless initial rotational state ji 0 and the whole manifold of rotational states in vf is summed.


. We obtain a new upper bound for P h 6 H ∆ k ( N, h ) for 1 6 H 6 N , k ∈ N , k > 3, where ∆ k ( N, h ) is the (expected) error term in the asymptotic formula for P N<n 6 2 N d k ( n ) d k ( n + h ), and d k ( n ) is the divisor function generated by ζ ( s ) k . When k = 3 the result improves, for H > N 1 / 2 , the bound given in the recent work [1] of Baier, Browning, Marasingha and Zhao, who dealt with the case k = 3.


We will present an approach that can be used for the powering of miniaturized and autonomous leadless implants, which could be directly placed inside a human heart. We will discuss the energy content of the heart vibration spectrum in a view of energy harvesting. We will demonstrate, that according to the heart beat acceleration spectrum obtained by placing accelerometers inside several heart cavities, the useful vibration energy is localized at lower frequencies (15 to 30 Hz). We will also detail the dimensional restrictions in the case of a leadless pacemaker. Since it has to be placed into a heart through veins, the device is expected to be of cylindrical shape with a diameter not exceeding 6 mm. We will present an application driven design of a resonant piezoelectric energy scavenger aiming at powering a leadless pacemaker with a useable energy of few micro Joules per a heartbeat.


t is an instructive paradox that in the divisive milieu of the Depression era, the sign of a poem's cultural power lay not in its widespread acclaim, as it does today, but instead in the critical conflict it provoked. Indeed, entire careers of this period record in their twists and turns the historical pressures that writers were compelled to negotiate. Most notably, of course, Archibald MacLeish went the full gamut of interbellum political life. Graduating from Harvard Law School in the early 1920s, he was throughout the next two decades alternately vilified and valorized by such writers on the left as Mike Gold, Stanley Burnshaw, Malcolm Cowley, Rolfe Humphries, and Carl Sandburg. With the publication of "Invocation to the Social Muse" in 1932, the year he was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for Conquistador, MacLeish became something of a lightning rod for the period's turbulent intellectual tempests. His anti-Semitic and anti-proletarian stereotypes portrayed in poems such as "Frescoes for Mr. Rockefeller's City" and "Comrade Levine" drew heavy fire from leftist poets and intellectuals at the time.1 Yet in only one short year, as the Com-


The acceptor stem of tRNA(Ala) from E. coli has been chemically synthesized and crystallized. This duplex contains a G.U base pair in position 3-70, which is the main identity element for alanyl-tRNA synthetase from E. coli. The crystals are stable in the X-ray beam for a long period of time and diffract to 1.7 A resolution. The monoclinic crystals reveal a C2 space group with a = 35.0, b = 47.5, c = 26.2 A, beta = 102.3 degrees and one acceptor stem per asymmetric unit.


To solve the bottleneck produced by the centralized search engines,more and more people are now doing researches by using distributed technologies.A distributed search engine is realized by Hadoop in this paper.Then three key points about distributed search engine are analysed,including the building of index table,the processing of segmentation and preprocessing of index table.Finally,experiments comparing the centralized search engine and distributed search engine shows the strength of distributed search engine based on Hadoop in dealing with data.


Vaccinia virus gene encoding 36K protein was cloned in pUR290 bacterial expressing vector and resulted in the synthesis of a chimeric protein in E. coli. The chimeric protein consists of beta-galactosidase and virus protein in C-termini. It has virus antigen specificity. By monospecific antibody 36K protein of vaccinia virus was determined to be non-virion. It is localized in the cytoplasm of infected cells.


The Compound parabolic concentrator used in the solar collector discussed in this paper is of the novel design, glass encased with 23% truncated reflectors and all glass receiver. Optical modeling was done in Light tools illumination design software to determine the optimum optical efficiency within a range of half acceptance angle and the heat transfer modeling and simulation was done in COMSOL Multiphysics simulation software. The Collector was built, tested and performance characterization was done. The experimental tests performed are stagnation test, water test for optical efficiency at low temperatures and closed loop oil test for thermal efficiency at high temperatures as high as 200°C. For the water and oil test, Flow rate method and Calorimetry method were used. The light tools optical modeling gave the optical efficiency of 64%. The stagnation temperature recorded at the absorber at 0% efficiency was 350°C. The water test at the temperature of 30-40°C gave the efficiency of 59%.


A boost of 20-30 per cent in yield is expected from tissue culture-derived planting materials. Troubled by a shrinking land resource, cloning good performing palms is a well-received sustainable alternative. Cloning of elite oil palms is entrenched in breeding programmes as a way to outpace the long breeding cycle of the oil palm which generally results in slow introduction of new improved planting materials into the commercial pool. However, the emergence of a somaclonal variant known as the mantled phenotype, which drastically reduced yield, caused the industry to relook at the strategy as confidence in the cloning technology of oil palm took a nosedive. Aside from knowing that epigenetics was involved, most of the earlier research was unsuccessful in linking any markers to mantling. Through the big data approach the team finally pinned down the cause of mantling to a B-function MADS-box gene, DEFICIENS. The defect is an epigenetic mark regulated by a transposable element, KARMA that causes the formation of abnormal oil palm fruit with pseudocarpels. The hypomethylation of this element, found in the intron of DEFICIENS, is common to all mantled clones along with alternative splicing and loss of small RNA. These findings have been translated into an assay to allow culling of mantled ramets at the nursery before committing limited plantation resources to clonal propagation, a boon to precision agriculture. The discovery of KARMA will certainly fuel a much wanted growth in the oil palm clonal industry as confidence in this technology is expected to soar, thus altering the current plantation scene which relies heavily on planting materials through conventional breeding. Keywords: Oil palm, tissue culture, epigenetics, mantled, KARMA.


Background: The relative efficacy of antihypertensive drugs/combinations is not well known. Identifying the most effective ones and the patients' characteristics associated with best performance of the drugs will improve management of hypertensive patients. Objective:To assess the blood pressure (BP) reduction attributed to antihypertensive drugs and identify characteristics associated with BP decrease. Data sources:MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from inception through July 2012 and selected papers. Study eligibility criteria: Double-blind, randomized clinical trials whose main result was the reduction in BP by antihypertensive treatment, with study population ≥50 or ≥25 if the study was a crossover, follow-up of at least 8 weeks, and available required data. Studyappraisal andsynthesismethods: Study data were independently extracted by multiple observers and introduced in an electronic database. Inconsistencies were resolved by discussion and referral back to the original articles. Meta-analysis was performed according to PRISMA statement and using a Bayesian framework. Main Outcome(s) and Measure(s): Mean decrease in systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) achieved by each drug or combination. Results: Two hundred eight trials including 94,305 patients were identified. In monotherapy, most drugs achieved 10 to 15mmHg SBP and 8 to 10mm Hg DBP decreases. Olmesartan/amlodipine, olmesartan/hydrochlorothiazide, felodipine/metoprolol, and valsartan/hydrochlorothiazide were the combinations leading to the greatest mean SBP reductions (>20mm Hg). Female sex and body mass index >25kg/m were associated with more pronounced SBP and DBP reductions, whereas Afro-American ethnicity was associated with BP reductions smaller than the median. Results were adjusted by study duration, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes mellitus. Still, the estimation was performed using the mean administered doses, which do not exactly match those of the available drug formats. Limitations:Data corresponded to those obtained in each of the included trials; the analysis of the combinations was limited to the most recent ones; estimations were performed using the mean administered doses. Editor: Jose Zacarias Parra Carrillo. The corresponding author confirms that all persons who have contributed substantially but who are not authors are identified in the Acknowledgment section and that written permission from each person acknowledged has been obtained. Dr. Paz had full access to all the data in the study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. Authors' contributions: conception and design of the study, data collection, interpretation of data, and drafting, revising, and final approval of the manuscript: MAP and GCDT; interpretation of data, and drafting, revising, and final approval of the manuscript: ADLS; statistical analysis, drafting the Forest-Plot of the results, and interpretation of data, and revising and final approval of the manuscript: MS and MAB; data collection, and drafting, revising, and final approval of the manuscript: JJR, SC, CL, JMG, and PV. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript. Funding/support: The research (design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; and preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript) was unfunded. Medical writing support was provided by Almudena Pardo Mateos at Albiotech and was funded by Pfizer. The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose. Supplemental Digital Content is available for this article. a Hospital de Santa Caterina, Girona, Hospital Mutua Terrassa, University of Barcelona-Terrassa (Barcelona), c Research Group on Statistics, Econometrics and Health (GRECS), University of Girona, CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), e Department of Medical Sciences, University of Girona, f CAP Can Gibert del Plà, Girona, g Research Unit, USR Girona, IdIAP Gol i Gorina, ICS, Spain. ∗ Correspondence: Marco A. Paz, Hospital de Santa Caterina, Girona, Spain, C/ Dr. Castany s/n, 17190, Salt, Girona, Spain (e-mail: email@example.com). Copyright © 2016 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CCBY), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Medicine (2016) 95:30(e4071) Received: 9 April 2016 / Received in final form: 17 May 2016 / Accepted: 6 June 2016 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000004071


Pancreatic stem cells,a multi-functional stem cells,has unlimited differentiation and permanent self-renewal capacities. Under the influence or induction of certain factors,it may differentiate into pancreatic ductal, pancreatic exocrine gland bubble, other specific types of pancreatic tissues, and even liver cells. The pancreatic stem cell has the extremely great significance in curing type I diabetes and correcting type Ⅱ diabetes partly. This article mainly summarized the existing spot, bioactive substances, methods in inducing pancreatic β cells,and the signaling pathway for pancreas differentiation control and so on.


This commentary responds to Chantel Carr's 'Repair and care' through a focus on the vexed question of carbon-intensive worker retraining in the context of urgent and necessary decarbonisation and industry change in Australia. There are many parallels between my research and Carr's, particularly in relation to an understanding of the potential of existing technical skillsets in industrial working populations. Like Carr, I reflect upon my empirical research – over the past decade – with current and former industrial tradespeople. This commentary reflects on what 'retraining' has actually meant, in practice, for industrial workers in deindustrialising Australia. I then identify a key tension that exists in relation to the question of retraining carbon workers. Climate change mitigation calls for the dramatic and wide-ranging transformation of industries, infrastructure, jobs, and skillsets. But the fact remains, humans are complex, with diverse needs, and they are now more likely to articulate these needs on an individual level, not collectively. With this in mind – and in a background in which much academic work draws attention to complexities and institutional shortcomings – how do we balance individualised requirements with the need for dramatic, macro-level transformation?


The reform of cultural system can not be deepened devoid of the support of the strategy for reform development. The difference among different cultural trades is virtually the centralized reflexion of their characteristics. The logical starting point to work out the strategy for reform development of cultural system is to start from the reality and the characteristics of the trades.


The invention relates to a walking stick having a fall alarm function. The walking stick comprises a handle, a hollow vertical rod and a supporting leg, wherein the handle is arranged at the upper end of the hollow vertical rod and the supporting leg is detachably arranged at the lower end of the hollow vertical rod; the walking stick is characterized by further comprising a mercury switch, a circuit board, a battery, a delay switch and an alarm, wherein the mercury switch, the circuit board and the battery are detachably arranged on the mercury switch; the delay switch and the alarm are arranged on the circuit board; the mercury switch, the delay switch and the alarm are sequentially connected in series; and the battery is respectively used for providing DC working power to the mercury switch, the delay switch and the alarm. The walking stick disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the walking stick can send a distress and alarm signal in the case of falling along with a human body; and the walking stick is good in service stability, long in service life, beautiful in appearance and light in weight.


The invention provides a special polymer material for concrete. The material is shaped like a spherical particle, wherein the spherical particle is provided with a retarding water reducer shell; a sphere-like polycarboxylate water reducer core is wrapped in the retarding water reducer shell and is provided with a spherical groove; the spherical groove is sleeved with a multielement admixture ball inside; and the small half part of the multielement admixture ball is arranged outside the polycarboxylate water reducer core. The special polymer material adopts an advanced multielement compound structure, has the advantages of strong matching property, convenience in use, small dosage, high added value, strong effects, long efficacy duration, easiness in storage and the like and is an organic polymer material with special functions.


Nowadays we should be proud because the more Indonesian students have succeeded in International Science Olympic. The Indonesian student team was even once to be overall champion in the International Conference of Young Scientists with participant from 19 countries held in Bali on April 12th-7th 2010. On the other hand, some other Indonesian students have shown their disrespectful attitude to public, they like to brawl or fight with the student from other school, get drunk, drugs or narcotic addiction, wild races along the crowded traffic. The phenomenon is then to be the reason for government to conduct "Piloting Project" in 125 schools in 16 districts/cities in within 16 provinces since September 2010. The Objectives of conducting the "Piloting Projects" is to implement the values of character to the students so they can turn their attitude to the positive one. The implementation of character education does not need to be the typical subject nor additional standard of competence but this is, however, integrated into the existing subject or through the self-development and school culture as well as local content. ABSTRAKSaat ini pelajar Indonesia semakin banyak yang patut dibanggakan, karena telah berhasil menjuarai olimpiade sains di tingkat internasional. Bahkan, pelajar Indonesia menjadi juara umum dalam Konferensi Internasional Ilmuwan Muda se-Dunia yang diikuti ratusan pelajar SMA dari 19 negara di Bali pada 12-17 April 2010. Namun, tidak sedikit pula pelajar yang tidak punya sopan santun, suka tawuran, minum minuman keras, mabok-mabokan, senang narkotika, dan hobi kebut-kebutan mengendarai sepeda motor di jalan raya. Melihat kenyataan ini maka Pemerintah mulai tahun ajaran 2010 telah melakukan piloting penyelenggaraan pendidikan karakter di 125 sekolah yang tersebar di 16 kabupaten/kota dari 16 Propinsi. Implementasi pendidikan karakter di sekolah tidak merupakan mata pelajaran tersendiri, tidak pula merupakan tambahan standar kompetensi (SK) dan kompetensi dasar (KD), tetapi dapat diintegrasikan ke dalam mata pelajaran yang sudah ada, pengembangan diri, dan budaya sekolah, serta muatan lokal.


Risk-based method, which takes into account the probability and severity of contingencies, can be used to quantitatively assess the security level of power system, especially during severe weather. In this paper, a risk-based method to assess the dynamic security level of power system under typhoon weather is presented. The impact of typhoon on operational reliability of transmission lines is modeled firstly. An emergency control optimization problem is then addressed to measure the severity of each contingency, in which the cost of generation/load shedding is minimized and the transient stability constraint and post-contingency overload constraint are considered simultaneously. Case study on the New England system is conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method and the resultant emergency control scheme can provide feasible decision making against potential contingencies.


To solve the problem that current spatial blind watermarking schemes for 3D mesh models are not robust enough to resist noise attack,a novel spatial blind watermarking scheme based on the length of vector is proposed.The scheme embeds watermark into 3D model by modifying the distances from vertices to the model center and realizes the blind detection combing with vertex neighborhood.The robustness against noise attack is achieved by distributing a watermark bit over the entire model.Experiments show that this watermarking scheme is simple,rapid,and robust against attacks such as translation,rotation,uniform scaling and addition of noise.The watermarking scheme is suitable for real-time copyright authentication of 3D models.


This paper analyses fiscal risk to West Virginia's Special Reclamation Fund for abandoned mine lands and AMD water treatment from 1990 through 2003. I find that, despite tightening regulatory restrictions which have led to reductions in bond defaults there are continued risk to both revenue collections and expenditures. These include coal price variability, technological or regulatory change and increased costs of environmental remediation. Risks at the mine level include capital costs, mine age, size and changes to corporate structure. Importantly, it is past compliance history that provides the greatest explanation of coal mine bond defaults.


We present inundation and peak acceleration results for Crete, Greece from a scenario simulation of an earthquake and tsunami similar to the 365 AD event, a disaster that impacted the entire Eastern Mediterranean basin, was widely chronicled and has recently been geologically described fairly comprehensively. The impact of the scenario would be substantial, geographically diverse and spread over 300km along both northern and southern coastlines of Crete, an island with high mountain ranges and roads, which may be impassable in the aftermath of a similar event. The emergency response needs will likely overwhelm the capacity of Greece, and it is possible that help from neighboring non-EU countries will be needed, in addition to the emergency support mechanism hopefully to be activated following by the EU for any disaster of this scale in EU countries. The scenario's objectives are similar to the Great Southern California ShakeOut of 2009 organized by the USGS, i.e., raising public awareness and observing societal responses, in efforts to obtain, whenever possible, quantitative measures of factors that will help better define long term resilience. Similar scenarios and exercises over several decades will help measure any changes that might be adopted as a result of this exercise, always with the objective to reduce vulnerability and improve resilience.


The invention relates to a battery with a degassing system and to a method for dissipating substances emerging from a battery, by which means the gases and electrolytes which result from chemical activity can be dissipated using simple means in this way, and battery cells are protected against damage. The invention provides that the battery with the degassing system comprises a base plate (22) and at least one cell module (12) which is arranged on the base plate (22) and has at least one battery cell (16), wherein the battery cell (16) has an upper face (34), which is provided with cell terminals (14), and a lower face (36), which is provided with at least one degassing opening (18), and the base plate (22) has at least one aperture to a catchment area at the location of the at least one degassing opening (18), wherein the lower face (36) is arranged opposite the upper face (34) and the lower face (36) is arranged below the upper face (34) in the direction of the force of gravity.


Abstract Pentane and hexane hydroisomerization were studied in detail in a microreactor system. This information was very useful for scale-up of catalyst production capaity arid isomerization reactors. In our work, properties of catalysts produced in different amounts were reproduceable and hydroisomerization results in the microrector, lab scale reactor and pilot plant were compatible. It was shown a easy way has been paved to develope a new alkane isomerization catalyst.


Business process management (BPM) tools are categorised as enterprise software, which offers many layers of functionality in producing effective and optimised business processes. One of the most important components of successful business process management is the group of enterprise software users - those people who interact with the workflows at various points in order to enable a certain task or objective to be completed. Good user interface design offers considerable benefits to these users. When user interface design complements the way users think and learn, accommodates their physical needs, and meets their expectations for comfort and convenience, the interaction of human and machine becomes more productive. This paper focuses on factors that impact on the user experience when using business process management tools to complete the tasks in support of business processes.


User identity linkage across online social networks has gained a significant interest in the last few years in diverse applications such as data fusion, de-duplication, personalized advertisement, user profiling, and expert recommendation. Existing techniques investigated the use of personal discrete attributes such as user name, gender, location, and email which are not always available. Other techniques explored the use of network relations. In our proposal, we attempt to design a generic framework for user identity linkage across diverse social networks based exclusively on the widely available textual user generated content. We intentionally selected two social networks, Twitter and Quora, which have different contribution models and serve different purposes, and explore different supervised and unsupervised techniques for matching profiles as well as different language models ranging from simple tf*idf vectorization to more sophisticated BERT embeddings. We discuss the limits of different choices and present some encouraging preliminary results. For example, we find that prolific users can be identified with 84% accuracy. We also present a framework we designed to create the largest publicly available annotated dataset for profile linkage in social networks.


This study aims to produce learning devices based on quantum learning models and learning to improve students' critical thinking skills. Learning tools are developed in the form of Learning Implementation Plans (RPP) and Mathematics Student Worksheets (LKPD) in the eighth grade of SMP. This learning tool refers to the Plomp model which consists of 3 phases, namely the initial research stage, the development phase or the prototyping phase and the assessment phase. The product of learning said to be valid if the resultant learning were valid of content and construct. The instrument used in this research was a validation sheet containing aspects of presentation, content and material feasibility, graphics or display and language. developed Validity of who are called as validator consists of 3 experts in mathematical education, an expert in Indonesian language and an expert in educational technology. Expert validation result show that valid criteria in mathematics learning devices.


This paper, first, expounds the dialectical relations between resources, environment and sustainable social development and then gives a brief account of the characteristics and present situation of natural resources and eco-environment in Anhui province. There are a complete range of abundant natural resources in Anhui province, but the situation is pregnant with grim possibilities. Besides, the eco-environment is very vulnerable. Along with the exploitation of natural resources, many serious eco-environmental problems occur, such as water loss and soil erosion, drought and water loggong, land sinking, water environmental pollution. The paper, finally, puts forward reasonable suggestions and countermeasures of exploiting natural resources, protecting eco-system and achieving sustainable economic and social development in Anhui province.


An analysis is made of the mechanism of operation of an optically controlled liquid-crystal transparency with a semiconducting photosensitive layer, and of ways of increasing its modulation efficiency. Feasibility of wavefront reversal with the aid of low-power cw lasers is considered in the case when such a transparency is used as a thin-film dynamic hologram.


The purpose of this study was to determine the nutrient digestibility and antioxidant activity of mung bean sprout flour. This study was conducted using 12 hours germination and without germination of mung bean, and each treatment was repeated three times. Mung bean flour and mung bean sprouts flour were tested for moisture content, ash content, protein content, fat content, carbohydrate content, protein digestibility, starch digestibility, total phenol, and antioxidant activity. The results showed that germination of mung bean had a very significant effect on moisture content, antioxidant activity (IC50), and total phenol, a significant effect on starch digestibility, and had no significant effect on ash content, protein content, fat content, carbohydrate content, and protein digestibility. The results showed that mung bean sprout flour has a moisture content of 6.74%, ash content 3.39%, protein content 32.13%, fat content 11.33%, carbohydrate content 46.41%, protein digestibility 46.80%, starch digestibility 93.45%, total phenol 22.02 mg/100 g, and antioxidant activity (IC50) 454.50 ppm.
Keywords : mung bean, sprout flour, nutrient digestibility, antioxidant activity


We report the successful treatment of post-abortal pyomyoma, a rare but serious complication of uterine leiomyomata in a 36-year-old woman. She was known to have a sub-mucosal to intramural leiomyoma. She was presented with abdominal pain and fever after miscarriage two weeks later. Pelvic CT-Scan showed a postpartum pyomyoma that was initially managed with intravenous antibiotics to avoid surgery but due to persistent sepsis, she required laparotomy and myomectomy. She had good recovery after operation.


Development does not take place in a vacuum but in a society of people with cultural practices. Culture is an all-embracing entity, a vehicle to total development. The basis of development is culture and any nation that aims at progress without its culture is only deceiving itself by engaging in self -immolation. Culture, when promoted and enhanced becomes the spring board for progress. The present systems of practice of politics with bitterness against certain ethnic groups are inimical to the development of the nation. It is against this background that this paper considers the culture of politics as the bane of development in Nigeria, where we shall adequately analyse our conceptual schemes in the direction of the challenges of our needs and interest. Through critical analysis we are able to subject our beliefs and social practices to the searching light of criticism and thus likely able to promote the kind of self-understanding that would provide some basis for determining the kind of socio-cultural reconstructions that would be required to attune Nigeria to changes in the environment and their existential demand. The primary concern of this paper is to appraise and reconstruct that there is an interface between culture, politics and development using a theoretical skill to elicit changes both in the sociological and mental outlook of Nigerians. This paper employs the analytic and critical method of philosophy with the view of showing the negative influence of culture of politics on the overall development of Nigeria. The central argument of this paper is that culture of politics from a negative standpoint is so high that every policy of government at different levels is assessed from the standpoint of its impacts on the wellbeing of particular ethnic groups rather than on the country as a whole. The paper concludes that Nigeria needs leaders that are sensitive, patriotic, accountable and imbued with demonstrable vision that can harness our cultural diversity for the progress of the nation in all ramifications.


In scientific writing, the author makes a draft design of the WLAN design using Mikrotik operating system and Linux as a server. Perform design (design) from the hardware to be used in the simulation prepaid billing, including determination of hardware and topology to be used, as well as hardware setup tersebutgar accordance with the desired topology. If in a network has a billing application, it is expected to happen for better communication between the client and server. Mikrotik can be used in two types, namely in the form of hardware and software.


Once upon a time, within living memory, the main issues in a private antitrust case were (a) did the defendant violate the antitrust laws? and (b) was the plaintiff injured in its business or property as a result of the defendant's violation?1 No longer. From 1977 through 1990 the Supreme Court, building on prior developments in the lower courts,2 constructed a complex body of case law elaborating on what the word "injury" means in a Clayton Act Section 43 context, and when such "injury" is or is not deemed to occur "by reason of anything forbidden in the antitrust laws."


The article is devoted to the study of the possibility of interception by a potential attacker ofacoustic speech information using MIC-rophones, built-in or connected to a PC, operating systems running Windows 7, Windows 10 and Ub-untu 16.04, as well as the transfer of this information on the local area network. The peculiarities of the functioning of recording devices, andtechnologies about the creation of audible signals used in personal computer, and pathways inthe operating environment, also describes the steps that can capture audio from a microphoneand transmitting audio information over a local area network


Ascaridiasis is a geohelminthiasis with a worldwide distribution, especially occurring in countries with hot-humid climates. The infection occurs most frequently in children between three and nine years of age. We report a case of ascaridiasis regarding a ten-year-old girl born in Bangladesh who arrived in Italy about one year before. During laparotomy for suspected acute appendicitis, a large number of ascaridia nematodes were seen in the small intestine.


Objective\ It is not conclusive whether different methods of myocardial protection have a distinct effect on postoperative atrial arrhythmias(AA). The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of the different methods of myocardial protection on the occurrence of post extracorporeal circulation(ECC)AA.\ Methods Twelve adult mongrel canines were divided into two groups. Group A( n=6) received continuous warm blood cardioplegia and was maintained at a systemic temperature of 38℃ throughout the experiment. Group B ( n=6) received cold crystalloid cardioplegia at 31℃ and topical hypothermia. Anesthesia was induced and maintained by sodium pentobarbital and isoflurane. The heart was exposed through a right thoracotomy. ECC was established by using a single venous cannula. The arterial cannula was placed in the right femoral artery. The crossclamp time for both groups was 30 minutes. Each animal's electrocardiogram(ECG) was continuously recorded for 24 hours before surgery and for the first five postoperative days using a two channel Holter monitor. The data were analyzed for heart rate and arrhythmias. Atrial and ventricular arrhythmias were normalized with one ectopic beat divided per one thousand QRS waves. The mean heart rate at 24 hours was calculated.\ Results\ Postoperative atrial fibrillation(AF) did not appear. Normalized ventricular ectopy and normalized supraventricular ectopy did not increase in either group except for an increase in the values of normalized ventricular ectopy of group A at the 2nd postoperative day ( P 0 05) . Although the values of normalized supraventricular ectopy of group A were higher than those of the group B ( P 0 05) , there were no difference in normalized supraventricular ectopy before or after ECC in the group A ( P 0 05) . In addition mean heart rate increased significantly in both groups, with higher values in the group B ( P 0 05) .\ Conclusion\ The results of the study suggest that ECC with different methods of myocardial protection does not cause postoperative AF and does not seem to be major factor in postoperative AA. However further studies are needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of postoperative AA.


It is well-recognized that human beings will face a serious energy crisis due to a shortage of fossil fuels within several decades. Today, much research is focused on developing alternative and renewable energy sources. Among various candidates for solving this problem, artificial photosynthesis utilizing the sunlight is one of the most probable. Artificial photosynthesis can be defined as a light-driven system that transports electron from a water molecule to an appropriate electron-accepting system and consist of a photo-induced substrate conversion reaction system and a light-harvesting system. One of the bottlenecks for a realization of artificial photosynthesis including multi-electron conversion reaction, such as O2 evolution from water splitting via four-electron conversion, is to overcome a limitation of low photon-flux density of sunlight. Because the lifetimes of oxidized or reduced species of catalyst are typically short such as microsecond to millisecond time scales and they will decompose or be deactivated before accepting or donating the next electron, the objective multi-electron conversion reaction should be impossible under the normal sunlight condition and thus a light-harvesting system is essential.


Abstract This paper aims to explore how sensitive care in pregnancy, labour and birth may influence a mother's emotional availability to her newborn infant. At a micro level, using extracts from close clinical observations the paper investigates how anxieties and defences from previous grief and trauma are revisited and reworked particularly during the intense emotional event of labour and birth. The paper highlights the nature of the relationship between mother and midwife and proposes the development of a containing partnership. At a macro level, the evolution of an increasingly empathic and relational quality of midwifery practice as a result of infant mental health training will also be explored.


The method changing non-coherent integration to coherent integration is proposed to increase the sensitivity of signal acquisition. A phase jump occurs between the consecutive blocks when the carrier frequency is circularly shifted and this leads to the problem of direct accumulation. A compensation factor is exploited to solve the problem. Monte Carlo simulation results show that the method can improve the sensitivity of acquiring weak signals.


Every coast shows diversity of the seashore like, rocky, sandy, reefs, etc., which harbours various life forms including algae. Many researchers constrained their work by describing the location of marine algae along the seashores and studies of a strip of seashore or the rock pool were undertaken for the distribution of marine algae along the rocky seashores. The distribution and zonation pattern of the marine algae has not been studied along the entire west coast of Maharashtra except Mumbai (Deodhar H.D., 1987). At present, the North Ratnagiri district has very few industries that influence the marine flora and fauna. One of them is Ratnagiri Gas and Power Pvt. Ltd. located near Dabhol, and another O. P. Jindal's JSW Power project at Jaigad near Hedavi. Many more industries, particularly in power sector are likely to be established along the coast of Ratnagiri district. These industries may have impact on the algal flora of this coast.


This paper reports on a stereo vision technique for use in a driver assistance system. In the detection of obstacles using the stereo vision technique, it is required to both reduce the computational load of stereo matching and improve reliability of detection. Furthermore in the process of detection, another challenge is to distinguish the road surface from three-dimensional objects. These problems have been solved using stereo matching with multi-resolution images and the segmentation of disparity in local regions to separate the road surface from three-dimensional objects. Experiments, performed on video sequences, have confirmed that the stereo vision can detect obstacles with low false positive detection and high true positive detection. For the covering abstract see ITRD E134653.


Results of a two year survey of forage sorghum crops in New South Wales are presented. About nine out of ten of the samples analysed contained less sodium than recommended for animal production and from a third to a quarter contained insufficient sulfur. Salt licks containing 5% sulfur are cheap and their routine use with animals grazing forage sorghum is recommended


The study of spatial distribution of insects is fundamental to elaborate sampling plans with potential to use in integrated pest management. The spatial distribution of Toxoptera citricida was studied in plots of commercial orchards of orange (Citrus sinensis) of the variety 'Pera' with 5, 9 and 15 years of age, during the period of September of 2004 and April of 2005. Fourteen samples of the number of Toxoptera citricida was performed each 15d approximately, using yellow adhesive traps fixed at 1,5 m of height each 5 plants in alternated lines, summing 137 traps in the 5-years plot, 140 traps in the 9-years plot and 80 traps in the 15-years plot. The dispersion indexes used were: variance/mean relationship (I), index of Morisita (Iδ), coefficient of Green (Cx) and exponent k of negative binomial distribution. The majority of samplings showed aggregate distribution. The best models fitted the distribution of population were the Taylor Law and negative binomial distribution, which were used to elaborate the sampling plans.


The stochastic automaton is a simple and easy to handle type of model that has been used successfully in model-based process supervision and diagnosis. For large systems the automaton has a high complexity which can be reduced by structuring this model as an automaton network. For coupled systems the automaton network is directly obtained by compositional modelling. This paper starts with a review of how the single stochastic automaton can be used for diagnosis. This method will then be extended to stochastic automata networks. It is further extended to distributed diagnosis, where the main result is a necessary and sufficient condition for a complete decomposition of the diagnostic task.


The conformational properties of the free and methylated 2-amino group in benzimidazole, 1-methyl-benzimidazole, benzo-oxazole, and benzothiazole were studied, as well as the modifications induced by N-protonation and N-methylation at the heterocyclic ring. Both 1H n.m.r. spectra and X-ray analysis show that in the ground state of the molecules examined the amino group is coplanar with respect to the plane of the rings. The NN-dimethylamino group tends to be distorted from coplanarity when a methyl group is present at the heterocyclic nitrogen: the degree of distortion determined experimentally compares satisfactorily with that corresponding to the energy minimum of the molecules calculated by semi-empirical methods. For the benzoxazole and benzothiazole derivatives it was also possible through 1H dynamic n.m.r. measurements to determine the thermodynamic parameters for the internal rotation of the NN-dimethylamino group; and in the N-protonated forms the free energy of activation turns out to be higher than that in the free bases.


The possibility of using replacement hormonal therapy for rehabilitation of patients suffering from postovariectomic syndrome in consequence of radical treatment of endometrial carcinoma was considered. Data of the own investigation to appraise the admissibility and efficiency of various RHT preparations aimed at correction of postovariectomic syndrome in patients with endometrial carcinoma are presented.


Farmers are affected by a lot of factors when they transform to migrant workers, of which the income is of most important. This paper tries to make sure the critical income when farmers transform to migrant workers through investigation and analysis. It gets two main conclusions: one is the critical income of farmers transformation to migrant workers who just "leave home and go into a city" is 4.65 times than their income per month in their village; another is the critical income of the farmers who transform right on the spot is 2.52 times than their income per month. It is hoped that it can help the governments and enterprises to establish reasonable salary for migrant workers and promote the transformation of rural surplus labor force in our country.


Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) of the elbow most commonly involves the capitellum where there is risk of disruption of a segment of articular cartilage from the subchondral bone. For unstable lesions with large, deep, and/or uncontained defects, restorative procedures such as osteochondral autograft transplantation (OAT) and osteochondral allograft (OCA) transplantation have been recommended. However, most studies using OCA have involved multiple plugs, and the literature describing singleplug OCA transplantation in adolescents is limited. This is a report a case of OCA transplantation of the capitellum in an adolescent male patient using a fresh precut OCA core to fill the cartilage defect and loss of subchondral bone. This study was exempt by our institutional review board, and informed consent was not required for subject inclusion.


This work evaluated the efficiency and workability manteinance of a polyfunctional (lignosulfonate-based) and a superplasticizer (polycarboxylate-based) admixture in high-performance pastes (water/cement ratios of 0.30, 0.33 and 0.36) produced with two types of Portland cement (one pozzolanic and one high early strength). The workability of the pastes was evaluated by the mini slump test immediately after mixing, and after 20 and 40 minutes. Furthermore, the mechanical strength of pastes with fixed w/c ratio (0.36) and mini slump (130 mm), produced with the different combinations of cements and admixtures, was evaluated. The results showed that the CP IV+lignosulfonate and CP V-ARI+polycarboxylate mixes presented the best workability maintenance over time. The pastes produced with CP V-ARI presented 28-day strengths about 22% higher than those produced with CP IV, for both admixtures. In turn, the lignosulfonate-containing pastes showed strengths about 10% higher than those produced with the polycarboxylate-based admixture. Overall, it was possible to obtain the same workability for high-performance Portland cement pastes produced with both admixtures and cements; however, the workability mantainance and mechanical strength highly depends on the combination of cement and admixture used.  Keywords: Cement paste; Workability maintenance; Polyfunctional; Superplasticizers; Mini slump.


Based on the land use data and other correlative statistic materials from 1996-2004,this paper focuses on the research of land use change and its driving forces in Yangzhou City during past 8 years.Conclusions are drawn as follows: ①The tendency of land use change is that the amount of cultivated land and garden plot are decreasing largely,and most construction land are rapidly increasing;② Building the driving force model of land use change with 11 indicators,the paper,adopting "Principle Component Analysis" and SPSS13.0,shows it is the increase of population and economy that influences the whole land use change most;③ Having analyzed the impact of economic factor with Eviews3.1 software,results are deduced that it needs about new construction land 15.36 hm2 with the occupation of arable land 17.53 hm2,while the city's GDP rises 100million;Meanwhile,with the increase of 1% urbanization,266.17 hm2 city land has to be extended and 389.3 hm2 arable land has been shrinked.


In this paper we define anti fuzzy left (right, lateral) ideals, anti fuzzy quasi-ideals, anti fuzzy bi-ideals and anti fuzzy generalized bi-ideals in ternary semigroups. We also characterize different classes of ternary semigroups by the properties of these ideals. 2010 AMS Classification: 03E72, 20N10


Some of the most important country residences of the Bolognese nobility, which can be found in the area between Bologna, theriver Reno and the province of Ferrara, often evolved in the 15th century from previous small fortified settlements. In EgnazioDanti's book of drawings, which he produced in 1578 for what was later to become the Gallery of Maps of the Vatican, what isstriking is the permanence of the fortified nature of the settlements, something that had, however, already been considered asindispensable for life in a villa by Pier de' Crescenzi in the early 14th century. The disappearance of many of the buildings hasnot allowed as yet the writing of a satisfactory history of the original pre-renaissance villa settlements, nor the carrying out of aproper census of them in the region. From this point of view, the complex at San Martino in Soverzano represents a particularlysignificant case for establishing a first well-documented interpretative framework on the phenomenon of pre-renaissance countrymanors in the province of Bologna.


that in which somebody, usually a dis-, tinguished somebody, steps forward to the lectern, speaks for an hour or so with clarity and, perhaps, wit, and sits down again; and subsequently what he has said is published in a distinguished journal and no doubt eventually included in a collection of his essays. Listening to such a lecture may require a great deal of concentration, even if the speaker's delivery is good; but there are certain assumptions that one can make and certain expectations that one can bring to the task, and normally those expectations will be satisfied. Which is to say that good lecturers of the kind I am describing normally behave in similar ways. Such a lecturer has his subject, the thing to which he points, whether it


Volunteer cotton (VC) plants growing in fields of inter-seasonal crop like corn can act as host for the boll weevil pests; therefore, they need to be detected, located, and sprayed to prevent reinfestation of the pest in the following season. However, detecting the VC plants in corn fields has always been challenging as they remain hidden under the canopy and appear spectrally similar during the early growth phase. In this paper, we show that deep learning based YOLOv3 model can be used to detect VC plants in early growth corn field on RGB aerial images collected remotely by unmanned aircraft system (UAS) at a mean average precision (mAP) of 90.60% and F1-score of 86.35%. The approach of using deep learning to detect VC plants demonstrates its ability to be used for near real-time detection thereby expediting the management aspects of Texas Boll Weevil Eradication Program.


We propose a DUV LED device architecture with band-engineered quantum barriers (QBs) to "serve" as an alternative approach to suppress the electron leakage and facilitate the electron and hole injection efficiency for efficient radiative recombination.


A – Study Design, B – Data Collection, C – Statistical Analysis, D – Data Interpretation, E – Manuscript Preparation, F – literature search, G – Funds Collection Background. A smoke-free environment regional regulation is expected to greatly decrease the negative impact of ciga rette smoking in public places; however, community perception of the regulation prior to its implementation remains unclear. Objectives. This research aims to determine community perception and support for the implementation of a smoke-free environment regional regulation in the Tegal municipality. Material and methods. A quantitative study with a cross-sectional approach was conducted in seven zones identified as smoke-free environments under Government Act No. 36 of 2009. Perception and support were determined through surveys using an accidental sampling framework. A total of 226 samples were collected to explore community perception of the demands, obstacles and opportu nities surrounding the implementation of a smoke-free environment regional regulation in the Tegal municipality. Results. This study shows that 84.50% of the respondents agreed with (84.50%) and completely (84.96%) supported the implementa tion of a smoke-free environment regulation in the Tegal municipality. In fact, most of the respondents with an active smoking status (62.50%) also agreed with and supported this regulation. Support for implementation of a smoke-free environment regional regulation was mainly determined by age group. The elderly and adult age group supported the implementation of such a regulation more than the adolescent age group. Furthermore, respondents with fair knowledge, attitude and commitment were 14 times more supportive of the implementation than those with poorer knowledge, attitude and commitment. Conclusions. This research shows that those with an active smoking status also support this regional regulation, which indicates that active smokers understand the importance of protecting people around them from cigarette smoking.


. We obtain weighted uniform estimates for the gradient of the solutions to a class of linear parabolic Cauchy problems with unbounded coefficients. Such estimates are then used to prove existence and uniqueness of the mild solution to a semi-linear backward parabolic Cauchy problem, where the differential equation is the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation of a suitable optimal control problem. Via backward stochastic differential equations, we show that the mild solution is indeed the Value Function of the controlled equation and that the feedback law is verified.


The nonlinear Poisson–Boltzmann equation for the spatial distribution of counterions and coions around thin cylindrical polyelectrolytes is studied. We give a perturbative treatment of the distribution functions when a small amount of salt is added. Activity coefficients for ions of different valencies are computed explicitly to dominant order in the salt concentration.In excess salt, and with equal valencies, the distribution functions are determined numerically for selected polyion charge densities. For line charge densities beyond a critical value these distributions are universal functions.


As the first multimeric protein whose structure was determined by X-ray crystallography, hemoglobin became a paradigm for how complex proteins are built and function. Hemoglobin's compact, unitary structure with extensive and complicated interfaces between the subunits suggested that proteins would be globular, and that mechanisms for responding to the presence of ligands would be most intricate. Therefore, less than a decade ago many of us were surprised to learn that proteins frequently consist of functionally independent domains. Now, as we probe deeply into the regulation of protein function and activity will we be surprised once again? Perhaps so, for somewhere between needing the involved intersubunit interfaces of hemoglobin and needing only the entropic effects of tethering domains to be near one another lies an intermediate situation. Apparently proteins or domains of proteins can communicate by means of arms or tails, stretches of five to twenty or more amino acid residues, often at the Nor C-terminus, that under certain conditions extend from one domain and make specific contacts with another domain. In contrast to domains, which fold and assume defined structures on their own, arm regions are unstructured until the arm makes specific contact with a domain. The general motif of an arm interacting with a globular domain has been known for many years. Such an interaction was reported in 1970 in the structure of lactate dehydrogenase.1 Since then, many other examples of such static, structural arm-domain interactions have been observed, including enzymes,2–6 the linking of capsid subunits in viruses,7 and even a heat shock protein.8 For the most part, these arm-domain interactions appear to augment domain-domain interactions between structured interfaces. They also appear to be static in the sense that the arms remain in place during the functioning of the proteins. More interesting, however, are the cases in which arm-domain interactions are not permanent, are made with multiple partners, constitute the entire interaction between two proteins or domains, or are regulated. An early example of a transient arm-domain interaction, although extending the definition of domain to include a sequence of DNA, is the N-terminal arm of the lambda phage repressor. When the protein binds to DNA, the first three residues of the eight residue N-terminal arm bind in the major groove on the back face of the DNA.9,10 A much more complex DNA binding entity, the nucleosome also behaves similarly. The arms of the eight histone proteins in a nucleosome can also contact DNA11 and also interact with adjacent nucleosomes and other chromosomal proteins.12,13 Acetylation of the N-terminal arms of the core histones reduces their stability with DNA and allows greater access of transcription factors and facilitates transcription.14 Arm-domain interactions are particularly useful in the formation of hetero-oligomeric families. One such class are the homeodomain proteins that activate transcription of developmental genes in higher organisms. In these proteins, the residues flanking the conserved homeodomain DNA binding region are variable and help the proteins interact with appropriate coactivator proteins or DNA or both. For example, the Hox and Engrailed homeodomain proteins interact with the Pbx and Extradenticle homeodomain proteins. In HOXD-4, the sequence YPWMK that lies N-terminal to the homeodomain is required for the interaction.15 The extradenticle EXD protein also uses the YPWM motif to bind to another protein. Here, the conserved residues also may be involved with reading the DNA sequence, and thus may simultaneously contact DNA and protein.16 Arg3 and Arg5 of the N-terminal arm of the Engrailed homeodomain protein contact the minor groove of DNA.17 The Nterminal arms of a number of other homeodomain proteins are known to contact the minor groove as well.15,18–21 On the other side of the homeodomain region, residues of the MATa2 homeoprotein that lie C-terminal to the homeodomain are unstructured in the absence of MATa1. In the presence of MATa1, 16 residues of MATa2 bind to a1 and hold the two proteins together.22 By virtue of their arm-domain interactions, many of the homeodomain proteins are able to function with a number of different protein partners. The regulatory region of a gene possessing appropriately located binding sites for the two transcriptional activator proteins would be significantly occupied and hence expressed only when both of the two appropriate partner proteins are present in the cell and can form the correct functional heterodimer by proteinprotein interactions. That is, homeoproteins are readily capable of combinatorial gene regulation. For example, a set of ten different homeodomain proteins, each capable of binding the same arm sequence of amino acids, and ten different coactivators, each with the same arm sequence, would be theoretically capable of generating 10 3 10 different patterns of gene regulation with only 20 proteins. Such a scheme allows cells to function with a minimum number and minimum amounts of transcription factors. Similar combinatorics can be achieved without the use of protein-protein interactions, but at the loss of cooperativity in DNA binding, necessitating higher concentrations of the proteins. Arm-domain interactions are thus an efficient way to generate promiscuous oligomerization, for it is PROTEINS: Structure, Function, and Genetics 34:1–3 (1999)


Unlike most of the leadership literature, which focuses on the leaders themselves, the point of departure in this paper is that the psychology of the followers is the key to understanding the leaders' influence. Followers' attraction to leaders is analyzed from three theoretical perspectives: (a) psychodynamic, according to which the leader represents a protective parental figure; (b) psycho-cognitive, in which the leader serves as a convenient explanation for a complex reality; and (c) social-psychological, in which the leader becomes a kind of narrative that grants meaning and strengthens social identity. The article illustrates how these perspectives can help in the choice of concepts and models of leadership and in examining their validity in predicting and explaining leaders' influence in various contexts.


The study is oriented to synthesize some new thiosemicarbo- zones and thiocarbohydrazones and their reactions with diethyl malonate, ethyl acetoacetate, ethyl benzoylacetate .The products were reacted with palladium chloride, nickel acetate, mercuric acet


This study aimed to reveal the drug repurposing candidates for colorectal cancer (CRC) via drug repurposing methods and network biology approaches. A novel, differentially co-expressed, highly interconnected, and co-regulated prognostic gene module was identified for CRC. Based on the gene module, polyethylene glycol, gallic acid, pyrazole, cordycepin, phenothiazine, pantoprazole, cysteamine, indisulam, valinomycin, trametinib, BRD-K81473043, AZD8055, dovitinib, BRD-A17065207, and tyrphostin AG1478 presented as drugs and small molecule candidates previously studied in the CRC. Lornoxicam, suxamethonium, oprelvekin, sirukumab, levetiracetam, sulpiride, NVP-TAE684, AS605240, 480743.cdx, HDAC6 inhibitor ISOX, BRD-K03829970, and L-6307 are proposed as novel drugs and small molecule candidates for CRC.


Effects of ion strength and ion types on desorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) were examined.Based on Pearson principle,the basic characteristics of phenanthrene(PHE),fluoranthene(FLU),pyrene(PYR) and benzo[k]fluoranthene(B[k]Fl) were calculated to determine their acidic-basic types.The experimental results indicated that ion strength was not the key controlling factor on PAHs desorption.The acidic-basic interaction between metallic ions with different hardness and PAHs was the key influencing point on the PAHs desorption level variation from the contaminated soil.Hard acidic metallic cations,such as Ba2+,Al3+ and Ca2+,can expedite PAHs desorption.In contrast,acidic cations,such as Hg2+ and Ag+,played an inhibition role.The borderline acidic cations,such as Cu2+,Fe2+ and Zn2+,can enhance PAHs desorption more significantly.


A symmetrical thick teardrop airfoil was investigated in this work. A numerical simulation was performed with a laminar flow, using the Implicit Large Eddy Simulation method. The fields of flow parameters in the vicinity of the airfoil were obtained for Reynolds numbers 3.5e+4 and 6.9 e+4.


Recently, Selhub et al (1) pointed out the importance of the B vitamins folic acid, vitamin B-6, and vitamin B-12 for the well-being and normal functioning of the brain. They also mentioned that the status of these vitamins is frequently inadequate in the elderly and that these inadequacies can result in hyperhomocysteinemia, a recently identified risk factor for atherosclerosis (2, 3) and Alzheimer disease (AD; 4). The authors further stated that these inadequacies can result in brain ischemia by way of occlusive vascular disease, stroke, or thrombosis. Vascular disease risk factors such as hypertension are well recognized in AD (5). In our own series of 31 patients with cognitive decline (6), 7 of 19 AD patients had one or more vascular disease risk factors (hypertension, generalized atherosclerosis, atrial fibrillation, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia). When we measured serum concentrations of vitamin B-12, folic acid, and homocysteine in these patients, both AD patients and those with vascular dementia had similarly elevated homocysteine compared with concentrations in healthy control subjects of similar age (Table 1), indicating that vascular disease risk factors may contribute to the pathophysiology of AD. We found an inverse correlation between the degree of cognitive impairment as determined by the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and homocysteine (r = 0.43; Spearman rank correlation), an inverse correlation between folic acid and homocysteine (r = 0.36), a correlation between MMSE and folic acid (r = 0.37), and a correlation between folic acid and vitamin B-12 (r = 0.60) (all P < 0.05). These results agree well with recent data reported by Nourhashemi et al (7), who also found a correlation between cognitive skills and B vitamins including folic acid and homocysteine. In our study, 9 of 31 patients with dementia and hyperhomocysteinemia were treated with 50 mg vitamin B-1, 50 mg vitamin B-6, 5 mg folic acid, and 0.05 mg vitamin B-12 (Beneuran compositum TM; Nycomed Austria GmBH, Linz, Austria). After 4 wk of treatment, serum homocysteine concentrations had returned to normal in all 9 patients, dropping from 17.3 ± 1.9 to 10.7 ± 3.5 mol/L (t = 7.72, P < 0.0001; paired t test). These data suggest that homocysteine, identified as an independent risk factor for vascular diseases (3) may also be of relevance in AD (4) and in vascular dementia, and that folic acid would be an additional therapeutic option in patients with dementia. We agree with the conclusion of Nourhashemi et al (7) that further studies must be performed to elucidate the association between vitamin status and homocysteine concentrations and the possible role of immune activation, free radicals, and oxidative stress in dementia (8).


This article attempts to understand Émile Durkheim's 1913–14 lectures on pragmatism and sociology by situating them in the socio-intellectual context of the time. An analysis of books and journal articles from the period reveals that the ideas of the Anglo-American pragmatic philosophers Charles Peirce, William James, John Dewey, and F.C.S. Schiller were very popular in pre-World War I France. The French term le pragmatisme, however, was used to refer not only to the thought of these philosophers, but also to the work of French thinkers, such as Henri Bergson and the Catholic Modernists Maurice Blondel and Edouard Le Roy, who wrote extensively about human action. Pragmatism, because of its associations with Bergsonian spiritualism and the theology of the Modernists, came to have religious connotations for many French intellectuals. Durkheim had a similar understanding of pragmatism and his critique of the pragmatists cannot be fully grasped unless these religious connotations are considered. The article concludes by discussing several implications of this interpretation for sociological theory.


The purpose of this article is to present the issue of 'lifelong learning' to public discussion, from the aspects of right and duty and the benefit and the responsibility; and to promote progression towards a national policy in this field. In the early 21st century, in the era of information and knowledge, the all encompassing definition of 'lifelong learning' seems to be a central motif in the micro level of the lives of the individual and the citizens, and in the macro level of the existence of the state and society. The UNESCO report on education in the dawn of the 21st century, states that 'the concept of lifelong learning seems to be one of the key elements to the 21st century...it provides solutions for the challenges set by the rapidly changing world' (Delrs, p.21). On the basis of this concept, the report states that 'the committee is adamant in its position that education is a public product that must be accessible to all (p.27). On this matter, the committee points out that the role of the public authorities is that: 'they must set policy guidelines...they are the ones who must outline the path, mold the foundations of the system, propel its main resources towards this aim, and adjust the system to the current reality... all the choices in any of the cases will be done on the basis of equal


G enerations of legal researchers have relied on headnotes to identify the legal principles within a case. Like a movie trailer intent on spoilers, headnotes seek to show legal researchers, attorneys, judges, and even legal scholars what a case is about before they begin reading it. West, now owned by Thomson Reuters, has incorporated headnotes into its published cases for more than a century. Indeed, Thompson Reuters has included headnotes in its print reporters since the 1880s and introduced its key number classification system in the early 1900s. Lexis Advance users have also had access to headnotes for years, and now Bloomberg Law is adding a similar feature to its online legal research database. This new feature, called "Points of Law," uses machine learning to highlight important parts of cases and guide researchers to other cases containing similar legal phrases. This article explores Bloomberg Law's new product and compares it to Westlaw and Lexis Advance's headnote systems.


Hydrogen bond energies of the protonated bases (OH3+, CH3OH2+, and (CH3)2OH+) with one water molecule were computed using the Hartree-Fock MO method with the 6-31G* basis set. The corrections due to the electron correlation and zero-point vibrational energies were performed. In the relationship between the hydrogen bond energies and the hydration energies of the protonated bases, methyl-substituted-OH3+ and -NH4+, a single straight-line was obtained, although some deviations from the line were observed in the data on the fully methylated protonated bases, (CH3)2OH+ and (CH3)3NH+.


The object of this research was to determine how the nitrogenous matter excreted by marine animals into the water is removed, and what parts the various forms of vegetable life play in the process. Thus this subject is of interest from its practical bearing on questions relating to the efficient maintenance of marine aquaria, as well as from the theoretical standpoint of the changes taking place under natural conditions in the open sea. The method of investigation was a triple one, viz., chemical, physiological, and bacteriological.


The Video Event Awareness System (VEAS) analyzes surveillance video streams from thousands of video cameras and automatically detects complex events in near real-time - at pace with their input video streams. For events of interest to security personnel, VEAS generates and routes alerts and related video evidence to subscribing security personnel.


In this paper a simulation of the cam actuator of a robotized
gearbox is presented. The actuator is a barrel cam which
moves a pin according to a prescribed motion law. The model of
contact, between cam and follower, is based on a finite elements
approach of the theory of beam on continuous elastic foundation,
modified by the authors to include the effect of shear on
the deformation and dynamic effects. The foundation modulus is
computed using Hertz theory taking also into account the change
of principal curvature values during the relative motion between
cam and follower. This model has been embodied in a complete
gear shifting simulation in order to compare the effects on contact
forces, wear actions and shifting time of different cam profiles.


We investigate the extent to which the subsidy for children's healthcare in Japan affects children's healthcare use and outcomes using multiple nationally representative data sources. The subsidy, which made children's healthcare services essentially free for patients, was introduced and expanded to preschoolage children in the 1990s. We use a difference-in-differences framework by exploiting unique variations in subsidy status, as the introduction timing and age of eligibility differ across municipalities. We find that the subsidy significantly increased the use of outpatient care measured by visit intervals, the number of repeat patients, and monthly spending. However, we find little evidence on the overall use of inpatient care, while we observe a significant increase in the length of stay only for infants under the age of one who undergo surgery. Further, we find that the subsidy significantly improves children's subjective health (i.e., the probability of having symptoms, such as fever, cough, and nasal discharge, as measured by parents). However, we find little evidence regarding its effect on overall objective health (i.e., cured outcomes, as evaluated by a physician at discharge, and the mortality rate), while we observe significant improvements in these objective health outcomes only for infants under the age of one. The subsidy may significantly contributes to reducing the mortality rate for infants under the age of one by 0.79 per 1,000 individuals. In summary, this study indicates that free healthcare for children improves their access to healthcare as well as health outcomes, thus prioritizing this investment as part of national healthcare plans.


In the United States today we have a remarkable society in which astro nauts are conquering outer space, scientists are rearranging the atom, and half of the children under 15 have never seen a dentist. We are the wealthiest nation on earth— and we are the only major industrial country in the world with out a coordinated national dental care program for children. Our industry is a marvel of pro ductive efficiency— and yet industry loses an estimates 85 million man hours per year, valued at $250 mil lion, because of toothaches and other dental ills. We know perfectly well that with in a single generation we could virtu ally eliminate decay as a cause of tooth loss if all of our children were assured just two basic forms of den tal health protection— regular dental care plus fluoridation of drinking water. At long last the federal govern ment is moving forward with the den tal profession to achieve the goal of good dental health for all Americans. The first priority must go to children. In his message to Congress on Febru ary 8, 1967, President Johnson noted: Nearly two out of three disadvan taged children between the ages of five and fourteen have never visited a dentist. They have five times more decayed teeth than their more fortu nate classmates. To begin meeting the dental needs of poor children, I recommend legis lation to: Authorize a pilot program of den tal care for 100,000 children in areas of acute poverty. Provide training for dental assis tants to help bring health care to schools and other community agen cies. Explore better methods of furnish ing care. In accordance with the President's request, legislation has been proposed to authorize special project grants for dental health of children by amend ing Title V of the Social Security Act. This legislation would authorize financial support to state and local health agencies, and other public or nonprofit private agencies, institu tions or organizations for pilot proj ects providing comprehensive dental care for preschool and school-age children. This is the program I want to dis cuss with you in detail today because I believe it will finally set us on the road to good dental health for all of the American people. Let me digress a moment to point out to you that this is the logical out growth of a progressive series of leg islative actions in the past. These mea sures have set up and strengthened a system of federal-state and federalstate-local partnerships for the pro vision of various forms of health ser vices and facilities to the American people. The President voiced this partner ship philosophy in his "Great Society" speech at the University of Michigan when he said:


The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in the presence of the crude oil derived substances in the Bilina River sediments and to verify explanatory abilities of the used analytical methods. The Bilina River has its source on the slopes of Krusne hory and flows to the east through surface pits in an artificial corridor in its upper stream and further continues through the open landscape of the North Bohemian brown coal basin. The primary factor determining the current appearance of the landscape is human activity and anthropogenic embankments. The area along the Bilina River is loaded by the opencast brown coal mining and coal processing, petroleum refineries, and chemical plants. There are major industrial operations in the basin of the River Bilina which are particularly co-responsible over a long term for high levels of persistent organic pollutants and inorganic pollutants in the river sediments. Twenty samples of river sediments were collected along the Bilina River. All samples were subjected to the determination of the total extractable hydrocarbons, the total organic carbon, the total sulphur, and the sum of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAH). According to Herron (1988) most of the analysed samples belong to the shales or Fe-shales where a great possibility of sorption of inorganic or organic pollutants is expected. To distinguish the river segments with the prevailing input of the petrogenic from pyrogenic substances, correlation of the total extractable hydrocarbons and PAH were applied. The ratio fluoranthen / pyren, whose value from the anthropogenically modified flow in the segment Zaluži - Bilina did not go beyond 0.5 which is significant for the presence of the emissions from the transport or the petroleum industry, has been proved superior to the other currently recommended ratios of PAH. The evaluation of the archival TEH data did not show any improvement of the water and sediment quality along the Bilina river profile.


A cigarette filtering unit comprises a filtering cotton body, a filtering material and a pushing rod. The filtering cotton body comprises a passage formed in the inside. The passage is provided with a containing portion and a scattering portion. The containing portion is provided with an open end communicated with the outside and a connecting end communicated with the scattering portion. The filtering material and the pushing rod are arranged in the containing portion, and a part of the pushing rod extends out of the open end in a protruding mode, and at least a part of the filtering material can be forced to enter the scattering portion by pressing the pushing rod. When a smoker smokes a cigarette, the filtering material can be made to be scattered inside the scattering portion just by pressing the protruding extension part of the pushing rod, the shape of the filtering cotton body is not damaged, then airflow passing the filtering cotton body is made to forcedly pass the filtering material, and therefore the effects of filtering and generation of special flavor are achieved.


Experimental results are presented following point grinding of Ti-6Al-4V, gamma-TiAl and Udimet 720 nickel based superalloy using plain 15 mm diameter electroplated superabrasive (CBN and diamond) wheels employing 46 μm grit. Surface roughness (Ra) was typically higher by up to ~36% on Ti-6Al-4V due to greater wheel wear and workpiece smearing/re-deposited material, corresponding to significant levels of wheel loading. While Udimet 720 exhibited minimal variation in microhardness parallel to the feed direction, strain hardened surfaces of up to ~100 HK0.025 above the bulk value were -TiAl. In contrast, ground Ti-6Al-4V workpieces showed minor softening at the surface. Subsurface microstructural deformation was evident in both the Ti-6Al-TiAl samples, which extended to a depth of ~10 μm. © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the 3rd CIRP Conference on Surface Integrity (CIRP CSI)


Reactive powder concrete(RPC) is a new kind of ultra-high-performance concrete materials.In order to study the flexural performance of its components,two crane beams are test.By analyzing the beam's performance of the whole loading process till failure,strains along the height distribution for the most unfavorable section of the crane beam are obtained at all loading levels.The cracking moment and ultimate moment formulas are established with the tensile stress contribution considered.The research results show that before cracking the flexural member of prestressed reactive powder concrete can be calculated according to the elastic method,the compression zone is taken as a triangle the tensile stress diagram of concrete can be simplified as the trapezoidal.In the calculation of the plastic influence coefficient of the section resistance moment,the greater the longitudinal reinforcement ratio and longitudinal steel ratio,the higher the cracking moment of the beams.For the prestressed T section of RPC,the plastic influence coefficient γm can be taken as 2.1 approximately;considering concrete tensile strength contribution,for the tension area of concrete the equivalent coefficient k can be taken as 0.34 approximately.


Quinolone antibacterial activity is related to its chemical structure, a synthetic fluorinated analog of nalidixic acid. Cataract surgery is responsible for visual improvement having a major positive impact on the quality of patients� lives. According to the international guidelines, the administration of levofloxacin after cataract surgery decreases the incidence of postoperatively endophthalmitis. In this context we aimed to study the impact of adding topical fluoroquinolones to the conventional treatment after cataract surgery on the ocular surface and tear film. 125 of eyes of 125 patients with cataract were included. The enrolled patients were divided into three groups, a control group of patients that received topical Tobramycin, Dexamethasone and Indomethacin, a second group where moxifloxacin was added and a third group with levofloxacin instead of moxifloxacin. For all the patients, tear film breakup time, Schirmer II test, slit lamp examination preoperatively and postoperatively at one week were performed together with individual Ocular Surface Disease Index at one week after cataract surgery. The test results revealed that 52% of our studied patients had an abnormal preoperatively tear film breakup time, and 76.8% after cataract surgery, with a statistically significant decrease of the measured values. The preoperatively measured quantity of tears presented a no statistically significant decrease one week after cataract surgery. Also, we found an increase in the percentage of patients with punctate epithelial erosions. It is important and useful to identify prior to surgery patients with ocular surface disease and the ones at risk to develop clinical manifestations in order to treat them accordingly because, cataract surgery exacerbates the preexistent ocular symptoms. The addition of topical fluoroquinolones after cataract surgery in patients with dry eye is safe, with minimal alterations of the ocular surface and tear production, without statistically significant differences as compared to the control group.


The graph of the psychoanalytical act. The article analyzes the graph of the analytic act introduced by Lacan in his 15th Seminar from the perspective of the mathematical group of Klein and the particular Lacanian interpretation of Cartesian philosophy. Initially the article presents the Lacanian interpretation of the Cartesian cogito introduced in his 11th seminary, in order to highlight the alterations made in his second interpretation performed in 1967. We will present Klein's scheme proposed by Barbut, the mathematician, which provides the graph of the act's structure and then we will discuss the operations designated here as alienation, truth and transfer. We will demonstrate the appropriation made by Lacan of this scheme, relating it to the several steps of a psychoanalytical cure and linking it to the Cartesian terms found in the commentary about cogito: being and thought.