In the philosophy of Deleuze and Guattari, nomadism works as an approach to the creation of concepts that favour space: geophilosophy. Nomadism is the way in which one crosses the plane of immanence and the many becomings; in fact, nomadism exceeds the ancient rhetoric of the subject because its disposition belongs to the multiple and to the environment in which it can unfold. In this sense, the disorientation in the present appears less disturbing; it is rather a shift in perspective, certainly difficult to understand in the time in which the mega-machine of power is becoming more and more persecutory. Lines of flight, movements of slippage, becoming-woman, becoming-child, becoming-minor refer not only to the exercise of criticism, but also to the production of assemblages that intend to resist the present.


Deposition of zinc oxide thin films onto silicon and thermally oxidized silicon substrates was performed by radio frequency magnetron sputtering. The obtained films were studied in function of percentage of oxygen and argon flow as process gases. Stoichiometric films were obtained in oxygen rich process conditions, which are more suitable to be p-type doped. Growth of zinc oxide films over thermally oxidized substrates resulted in better structural characteristics.


Edible greens, especially wild greens, play an important role in traditional diets and are rich in phenols and other compounds. The purpose of this study was to investigate total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activities of ethanolic extracts from wild and cultivated Rumex acetosella L. The wild sheep sorrel extract inhibited lipid peroxidation and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical with EC50 values of 0.02 and 3.67 mg ml− 1; however, the EC50 values for cultivated sheep sorrel extract were 0.76 and 21.94 mg ml− 1. In the reducing power assay, the values of measured absorbance were 0.723 and 0.430 for wild and cultivated extracts, respectively, at 1 mg ml− 1 concentration. The chelating of ferrous ions by the wild and cultivated sheep sorrel was determined as 59.4% and 56.2%, respectively, at 1 mg ml− 1 concentration. TPC of wild and cultivated sheep sorrel was found to be 69.21 ± 8.5 and 57.57 ± 1.8 mg gallic acid equiv. g− 1 extract, respectively. There is a positive correlation between phenolic content and antioxidant assays. The results obtained in this study indicate that wild R. acetosella could be an important dietary source because of its good antioxidant properties.


This paper presents guidelines to enable a pipeline operator to assess whether the results of a metal loss in-line inspection (ILI) should be deemed acceptable. Acceptance depends on passing two checks, Verification and Validation. Verification is the process which ensures that all planning, preparation, execution, and analysis of the inspection were conducted according to ILI vendor processes to meet specification and prescribed industry standards. It assumes that a successful run is a consequence of good planning, preparation, execution and analysis. Validation is the process by which the results of an ILI run are compared to independent measurements. The Validation process depends on the results of the ILI and available information. Passing both the Verification and Validation checks is required to accept of the ILI run.Copyright © 2012 by ASME


This study aims to investigate the impact of pollution and transportation on public health in Jakarta, Indonesia. Data was collected from a cross-sectional survey of 500 residents in Jakarta, including measurements of exposure to air and noise pollution, transportation behavior, and health status. The results showed that the use of private transportation was associated with higher exposure to air and noise pollution, while the use of public transportation was associated with lower exposure. Exposure to pollution has also been linked to poor health outcomes such as respiratory and cardiovascular diseases and mental health problems. The findings highlight the need for measures to reduce pollution exposure and promote the use of public transport and active modes of transport to improve public health in Jakarta. More research is needed to investigate the long-term impacts of pollution and transport on public health and to identify effective interventions to reduce those impacts.


The aim of this study was to identify whether there is any mutant allele of Bovine leukocyte adhesion deficiency (BLAD), deficiency of uridine monophosphate synthase (DUMPS), complex vertebral malformation (CVM), bovine citrullinaemia (BC) and factor XI deficiency (FXID) in Turkish native cattle breeds or not. These genetic disorders are autosomal recessive hereditary disorders which causes significant economic loses on dairy cattle breeding worldwide. In this study, 200 Anatolian Black, 100 East Anatolian Red, 100 Turkish Grey, 50 Anatolian Southern Yellow, 50 South Anatolian Red and 9 Zavot cattle (total 509 Turkish native cattle) were screened in order to identify BLAD, DUMPS, CVM, BC and FXID genotypes. Genomic DNA was obtained from blood and the amplicons were obtained by using PCR. PCR products were digested with Taq I, Ava I, Eco T22I and Ava II restriction enzymes for BLAD, DUMPS, CVM, and BC, respectively. Digested products and PCR product of FXID were analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis stained with ethidium bromide. The results of this study demonstrated that there was no carrier for these genetic disorders in 509 Turkish native cattle examined. According to the results of this study, it can be clearly said that mutant allele of BLAD, DUMPS, CVM, BC and FXID is absent in Turkish native cattle breeds.


Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is the paradigm of malignancy treated by targeted therapies by the use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI), essentially Imatinib, Dasatinib and Nilotinib. Despite their major efficiency, especially as first line therapies, resistance to these drugs develop partly due to genetic instability inherent to CML. BCR-ABL-kinase mutations remain the first cause of resistance, which appears to be due to clonal selection of cells bearing a given mutation under TKI therapies. Amongst these mutations, the "gatekeeper" T315I mutant is a major concern as it confers resistance to all three TKI clinically used and patients with this mutation have a poor prognosis. The inaccessibility of the TKI to the ABL kinase pocket might not be the only "mechanistic" cause of resistance and it has been suggested that T315I-mutated BCR-ABL (Skaggs BJ et al, 2006) could induce a specific phosphoproteome signature. To evaluate this possibility, we decided to determine if a specific gene expression profiling can be associated with T315I-mutated BCR-ABL, as compared to native BCR-ABL. The human hematopoietic cell line UT7 was transfected with retroviral vectors encoding for native BCR-ABL (UT7.11) or BCR-ABL with the T315I mutation (UT7.T315I). The cell lines were characterized by their cell growth, Western blotting and sequencing. UT7.11 cells were sensitive to Imatinib, Dasatinib and Nilotinib as well as to Ponatinib whereas UT7-T315I cells were resistant to all three TKI except for Ponatinib. Affymetrix microarrays were performed in triplicate on each of three groups (UT7, UT7.11, UT7.T315I). The datas were normalized using the dchip software. Bioinformatics analyzes were performed with R software (packages FactoMineR, limma, PAMR) Mev in TM4 software, enrichment analysis with the GSEA software (Broad institute).

The principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the overall RNA expression of UT7.T315I was different from that of UT7.11 (native BCR-ABL) and parental UT7. On factorial map, UT7.11 was found more distant from parental UT7 than UT7.T315I. The contrast analysis of the linear model by the algorithm limma between the 3 groups, showed a strong differential signature of UT7.11 as compared to parental UT7 and UT7.T315I (respectively 4792 and 4813 genes). Only 800 genes were found to be differentially expressed between UT7.T315I and parental UT7. In hierarchical clustering, the total signature obtained in limma confirmed a closed profile between parental UT7 and UT7.T315I. Among the results of the limma model, we identified a 286 specific genes signature for UT7.T315I (both different from parental UT7 and UT7.11 and also not regulated between UT7.11 and UT7). This specific list of UT7.T315I was validated with the T315I group sample segregation by different multivariate methods: PCA, hierarchical clustering and non-negative matrix factorization. Among this T315I-specific gene list limma, 34 ZNF family genes were found (11.88%). Predicting class algorithm based on shunkren centroid (PAMR) separated the three group samples with low classification error and a global list of 368 genes: only 75 genes predicted UT7.T315I group and from this list 13 were in the ZNF gene family (13.33%). By the method of gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), we explored the top 100 ranked genes as upregulated in UT7.T315I by comparing the two other sample groups. This gene set showed a high representation of ZNF family genes (25%). The design of a gene set with ZNF family genes selected showed a positive enrichment of ZNF (NES = +1.35, p-value <0.001) in the UT7.T315I by comparing the two other groups. The majority of these genes is localized in 19q13.41 (ZNF cluster 282). They exhibit C2H2 and Kruppel-associated box (KRAB) domains in their sequence. Interestingly the overexpression of KRAB-ZNF transcription factors has been recently reported in patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) as conferring resistance to Imatinib Mesylate (Rink L., PLOS One 2013). In conclusion, our work revealed for the first time a specific signature of the T315I mutation which includes a strong representation of the ZNF family. The identification of this signature could be interest for future drug screening strategies in advanced phase CML patients progressing under Ponatinib. Current experiments are underway to validate these results by analyzing the expression of ZNF family of genes in primary CML cells with T315I mutation.

Disclosures: Turhan: Bristol Myers Squibb, Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria.


The body wall of the sea cucumber changes its stiffness by ionic environments. The stiff state can be held for a long time, and the mechanism concerned is known as 'catch mechanism'. In the present study, the direct effects of ions on the mechanism using the glycerinated body wall treated with 50% glycerin to clarify how the ions effect changes of stiffness were examined. The glycerinated body walls contained collagen fibers and some broken cells in the connective tissue ultrastructurally. Cell membranes were not clearly present in the broken cells, and cell organelles were dispersed around the cells. The glycerinated body walls went into a limp state during addition of 10 mM ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), and showed height elongation rate in this study's experimental system. In contrast, the elongation rate decreased by the addition of 10 mM CaCl2, that is, the body wall came to a stiff state. This stiff state could be considered as equivalent to 'catch state' of glycerinated body wall. Collagen fibers in those samples showed more compact arrangements at 10 mM CaCl2 treatment than the one of 10 mM EDTA ultrastructurally. These features and physiological results suggested that EDTA and/or CaCl2 from outside affect directly to the main part of the 'catch' mechanism in the glycerinated body wall.


The invention discloses an ultrahigh vacuum automatic pressure relief valve, which comprises a valve body, a valve plate, a valve stem, a valve cover, an adjusting screw rod and an adjusting spring, wherein the valve body is provided with a valve body tube and a valve seat; the lower end of the valve body tube is connected with the valve seat, and a part of the valve body tube close to the valve seat is provided with holes for pressure relief and evacuation; a sealing member is arranged on the valve seat; the valve plate can move in the valve body; when the bottom of the valve plate is pressed on the sealing member on the valve seat of the valve body, the valve plate and the sealing member are in vacuum seal; the lower end of the valve stem is connected with the upper part of the valve plate so as to drive the valve plate to move in the valve body tube; the valve cover seals the upper end of the valve body tube and has a central hole; the adjusting screw rod is in threaded connection with the central hole of the valve cover and has a central hole; the upper end of the valve stem runs through the central hole of the adjusting screw rod, and the valve stem can move in the central hole of the adjusting screw rod; and the adjusting spring is sleeved on the valve stem and is limited between the valve plate and the adjusting screw rod, so the adjusting screw rod can be rotated to adjust the elasticity of the adjusting spring.


Within the HORIZON 2020 project ORCHESTRA, patient data from numerous clinical studies in Europe related to COVID-19 were harmonized to create new knowledge on the disease. In this article, we describe the ecosystem that was established for the management of data collected and contributed by project partners. Study protocols elements were mapped to interoperability standards to establish a common terminology. That served as the basis of identifying common concepts used across several studies. Harmonized data were used to perform analysis directly on a central database and also through federated analysis when data was not permitted to leave the local server(s). This ecosystem facilitates the answering of research questions and generation of new knowledge available for the scientific community.


We train a feed forward neural network with increased robustness against adversarial attacks compared to conventional training approaches. This is achieved using a novel pre-trained building block based on a mean field description of a Boltzmann machine. On the MNIST dataset the method achieves strong adversarial resistance without data augmentation or adversarial training. We show that the increased adversarial resistance is correlated with the generative performance of the underlying Boltzmann machine.


In the field of Answer Set Programming (ASP), two logic programs are strongly equivalent if they are ordinarily equivalent under any extensions. This property provides a theoretical foundation for studying many aspects of logic programs such as program simplification and transformation etc. Therefore, strong equivalence has been investigated extensively for ASP and its extensions such as LPMLN. In this paper, we present a syntactic approach to studying the strong equivalence of logic programs, which provides several interesting results and would help us understand the strong equivalence from a new perspective. Firstly, we present the notions of independent sets and five kinds of syntactic transformations (S-* transformations) for logic programs. And we investigate the strong equivalence (SE) and non-strong equivalence (NSE) preserving properties of the S-* transformations in the contexts of ASP and LPMLN. Secondly, based on the properties of the S-* transformations, we present a fully automatic algorithm to discover syntactic conditions that preserve strong equivalences (SE-conditions) of ASP and LPMLN programs. To discover the SE-conditions efficiently, we present four kinds of approaches to improve the algorithm. Thirdly, we present a preliminary method to simplify the discovered SE-conditions and report the simplified SE-conditions of several kinds of LPMLN programs. After that, we present a discussion on the discovered SE-conditions and some existing problems. Finally, we present a comparison between SE-conditions discovering approaches in this paper and in the related work.


A novel dust remover comprises a filtration chamber, an aerodynamic segregator, a filtration core, an ash bucket, a compressed air back blast gun and a clean air channel, wherein the aerodynamic segregator is vertically arranged on one side of the filtration chamber and the filtration core is horizontally or vertically and sideling arranged on the other side of the filtration chamber, and the ash bucket is arranged on the lower part of the filtration chamber, and the compressed air back blast gun is arranged in the clean air channel and is pointed to the center of the filtration core opening. The novel dust remover belongs to the environmental protection dust removal field and is applied to machine work and all dust work stations, in particular to being used to purify air with a plenty of sand, for example a sand blasting operation. The novel dust remover has the advantages of perfect structure, long service life and high dust removal efficiency which reaches as high as 99.99 percent.


Absorption spectra of aggregates of dye Langmuir-Blodgett films were investigated in different conditions. The typical aggregate of dye MOC (1-methyl-l'-octadecyl-2,2'-cyaninpereh-lorate) appears an absorption band (J band) peaking at near 580 nm with absorbanoe of 0.09. The temporal effect of a new sample shows that it takes about 2 hours for the aggregates to be stable. Several parameters of J band of samples were measured, such as absorption peak position, absorbanoe and the width of band, as well as the temperature dependences of their parameters. The invertible variation of the absorbance versus temperature in a physical basic for the aggregate LB layer to be used in optical storage. When the sample was heated at temperature over 100℃ the thermal invertibility of absorption broke down indicating a phase change.


In this paper, we report the first demonstration of the single-electron turnstile, one of the single-charge transfer device, based on Si materials.


The results of dry positive-polarity switching impulse tests on a 4-meter rod-plane gap are reported. The tests were performed using two different shapes for the front of the impulse applied: one shape consisted of the "smooth" front commonly used in switching impulse tests; the second shape was obtained by super- imposing a short "bump" on a very long "smooth" front just before the crest was reached.


An osmium-oxygen thin film was prepared by d.c.-glow-discharge deposition from osmium tetraoxide with a filming rate of 1 nm s−1. The fundamental properties of the films were investigated. The prepared films had a homogeneous amorphous structure and 10−4 Ω cm order of resistivity. Since the transparency of a 20 nm thick film was about 80% for visible light, a transparent conductive film could be obtained on glass or plastic substrates. X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements showed that the film contained 30 at.% of osmium and 70 at.% of oxygen, which might make the film be easily etched by an oxygen-plasma, or be electrically oxidized. Since the osmium film could be patterned by oxygen-plasma etching or by a lift-off method, which are familiar lithography techniques in the field of semiconductor devices, it is expected to be used as micro-electrode or micro-wiring materials. Low-temperature film preparation also makes it possible to be applied as an X-ray mask material for X-ray lithography.


The results of horizontal and vertical comparison show that the proportion of modern service which is technology-intensive and knowledge-intensive has been on the rise in developed countries,however,China is in a reverse situation.Using the data of 1982-2009,the authors adopt the co-integration theory and error correction model to make an empirical analysis of the relationship between the structure of service trade,physical capital accumulation,human capital accumulation and technological progress,put forward some relevant policy recommendations to achieve the transformation from "service quantity" to "service quality".


Dopamine reward pathway projecting from ventral tegmental area to nucleus accumbens is well known as playing an important role in alcohol dependence. It is supposed that this dopamine pathway is modulated by 5-HT₃ nervous system, and it was reported that ondansetron (OND), 5-HT₃ receptor antagonist, reduced drinking amount and increased abstinence rate in alcohol-dependent patients. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of combination of OND and naltrexone (NTX), non-specific opioid receptor antagonist, on alcohol intake in C57BL/6 mice. In 40 C57BL/6 mice in the state of alcohol dependence, vehicle, while OND 0.01 ㎎/㎏, or NTX 1.0 ㎎/㎏ administrated respectively, or OND 0.01 ㎎/㎏ and NTX 1.0 ㎎/㎏ administrated simultaneously for ten days, medication effects on 2-hr alcohol, 22-hr water, 24-hr food intake and body weight were studied. When vehicle group was compared with 3 medication groups respectively, using a repeated measure ANOVA, NTX alone and vehicle groups showed a significant medication by time interaction (p=0.042) in 2-hr alcohol intake, but in the other 2 groups, OND and NTX combination group and OND alone group, there was no significant interaction with vehicle group in 2-hr alcohol intake. From these results, it is suggested that there is no effect on alcohol intake in mice treating with OND, and naltrexone's suppression effect on alcohol intake in mice is attenuated when treating with OND and NTX simultaneously. It is supposed that a further study looking at the interactions of serotonin, dopamine and opioid nerves systems will be needed.


MANY SOCIAL CRITICS AND SOCIOLOGISTS have pointed to the decline of the work ethic in modern industrial society. Both pride in work and the ambition to get ahead by one's own efforts have been adversely affected by the tendencies of large enterprises to monopolize business opportunity, to rationalize production, distribution and consumption processes and to discourage craftsmanship in favor of assembly-line techniques. In the face of these seemingly inexorable forces, which reduce the sphere of initiative and freedom for traditionally skilled or even professional work, the desire for sojourning (Rosengren, 1971), for adventure and for &dquo;action&dquo; (Goffman, 1967) seems to be growing rapidly. Sociological studies of leisure have begun to explore the extent to which non-work


................................................................................................................................ vii Preface .................................................................................................................................... ix Acknowledgements.............................................................................................................. xiii List of Figures ...................................................................................................................... xix List of Tables ...................................................................................................................... xxv List of Abbreviations and Acronyms ............................................................................. xxvii Chapter 1 Introduction. ...................................................................................................... 1 1.1. Purpose of the project ..................................................................................................... 2 1.2. Structure of thesis ........................................................................................................... 3 1.3. Gas sensorgeneral background .................................................................................... 5 1.4. Semiconducting oxide gas sensors ................................................................................. 7 1.5. Operation principles ..................................................................................................... 11 1.6. Advantages of nano-crystalline particles in gas sensing properties ............................. 16 1.7. Strategies of the project ................................................................................................ 18 Chapter 2 Perovskite-based gas sensors. ......................................................................... 19 2.1. Perovskite structure ...................................................................................................... 20 2.2. Perovskite gas sensing materials ................................................................................ 22


In Kenya, beetroot bulbs are occasionally used as a blend in fruit juices and salads, as a livestock feed and for treatment of diseases. Analysis of essential elements in beetroot bulbs was performed using Energy Dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) in order to determine the nutritional content of the bulbs. The beetroot bulbs were sampled from five different geographical regions in Kenya; Karatina, Gilgil, Naivasha, Joska and Kisumu. The results of the concentrations of the essential elements had a range of: 10000 mg kg-1 to 61000 mg kg-1 for potassium, 500 mg kg-1 to 4500 mg kg-1 for calcium, 15.0 mg kg-1 to 230 mg kg-1 for manganese, 24.0 mg kg-1 to 770 mg kg-1 for iron and 16.0 mg kg-1 to 680 mg kg-1 for zinc. In general, the trend in the concentrations of the essential elements was K > Ca > Fe > Mn > Zn. Karatina samples registered the highest concentrations for all the elements of interest in this study. The results of analysis of variance (ANOVA) for all the five sampled regions show that there is a significant difference in the Ca, Fe and Mn concentration levels. Beetroots were found to contain sufficient amounts of the essential elements, therefore, are a suitable vegetable source of essential elements of K, Ca, Mn, Fe and Zn and can be used as an immune system booster. This study is supportive to the Government's efforts of improving health care and in the fight against "hidden hunger-malnutrition" in the country.


The vitamin K cycle supports blood coagulation, bone mineralization, and vascular calcium homeostasis. A key enzyme in this cycle, vitamin K epoxide reductase (VKOR), is the target of vitamin K antagonists (VKAs). Despite their extensive clinical use, the dose of VKAs (e.g., warfarin) is hard to regulate and overdose can lead to fatal bleeding. Improving the dose regulation requires understanding how VKAs inhibit VKOR, which is a membrane-embedded enzyme difficult to characterize with structural and biochemical studies. Here we achieve a long-standing goal of obtaining crystal structures of human VKOR with warfarin, which represents coumarin-based VKAs; with phenindione, which represents indandione-based VKAs; with superwarfarins, the most commonly used rodenticides; and with vitamin K epoxide in a reaction intermediate state. We have also solved structures of a VKOR-like homolog with warfarin, with vitamin K substrates, and without ligand. These structures show that human VKOR adopts an overall fold with four transmembrane helices (TM) and a large ER-luminal region. VKAs are bound at the active site of HsVKOR, which is formed by the surrounding four-TM bundle and a cap domain on top. The cap domain is stabilized by a linked anchor domain that interacts with the membrane surface. VKOR binds specifically to VKAs through hydrogen bonding to their diketone groups. Mutating VKOR residues recognizing the diketones render strong warfarin resistance. Except the hydrogen bonds, the binding pocket is largely hydrophobic. This pocket is incompatible with warfarin metabolite, explaining the inactivation of warfarin through CYP2C9 metabolism; CYP2C9 and VKOR genotypes can explain 30-50% of the patient variability in warfarin dose. In addition, the high potency of superwarfarins is due to the interaction of their side group with a tunnel where the isoprenyl chain of vitamin K is bound. For VKOR catalysis, the same residues affording the VKA-binding specificity also facilitate substrate reduction Initiation of the catalysis requires a reactive cysteine to form a substrate adduct. Interactions from this stably bound adduct induces a closed conformation, thereby triggering electron transfer to reduce the substrate. Importantly, the open to closed conformational change during catalysis similar to that induced by the binding of VKAs. Taken together, VKAs achieve inhibition through mimicking key interactions and conformational changes required for VKOR catalytic cycle. Understanding of these mechanisms will enable improved strategy to regulate warfarin dose and have a broad impact on thromboembolic diseases and bone disorders.

 No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


The article is devoted to the fundamental conceptions of perception in pre-Kantian philosophy. The author pays attention to the ideas of these conceptions, showing projection as an element of perception. The author shows different meanings of projection.


—This paper presents a real-time optimization- based algorithm for mapping motion between two kinematically dissimilar serial linkages, such as a human arm and a robot arm. OCRA can be customized based on the target task to weight end-effector orientation versus the configuration of the central line of the arm, which we call the skeleton. A video-watching study (N=70) demonstrated that when this algorithm considers both the hand orientation and the arm skeleton, it creates robot arm motions that users perceive to be highly similar to those of the human operator, indicating OCRA would be suitable for telerobotics and telepresence through avatars.


The increasing demand for more efficient energy harvesting solutions has urged research for better harvesting solutions than the presently-available ones. While p-n junction solar cells have become commercially widespread, they are expensive and suffer from poor efficiency figures hardly reaching 20%. Other radiation-electricity converters such as rectennas have a theoretical limit in excess of 80%. However, no efficient rectenna solution for the terahertz frequency band has been commercialized or presented in the academic literature. In fact, there are many obstructions to an efficient solution. The aim of this paper is to address the key points towards an efficient and commercially-available solution by briefly reviewing the relevant literature and so identifying five factors that should be addressed in order to reach an efficient solution.


Since August 1993, when Morihiro Hosakawa inaugurated his "anti‐LDP" coalition, unstable coalitions have held power in Japan. Popular displeasure with the current state of politics has been evidenced by voter volatility and low electoral turnouts. In two notable cases, "flash candidates " have assumed office, and, in some local elections, candidates have run unopposed. What does this listless version of dissent bode for Japanese politics? IIPS Research Director Seizaburo Sato is Professor at the Saitama University Graduate School of Policy Science. In this article, he maps out the issues that have left post‐Cold War Japanese politics in disarray and examines various potential scenarios, from a "super party " larger than the LDP at its zenith, to the birth of a two‐party system.


We comment on Z. D. Zhang's Response [arXiv:0812.2330] to our recent Comment [arXiv:0811.3876] addressing the conjectured solution of the three-dimensional Ising model reported in [arXiv:0705.1045].


Currency has significance of economical, archaeological, historical, natural and cultural aspects. The main objective of this research paper is to explicate the significance of the currency as a media which transmit the Sri Lankan heritage. The research is based on data collected through field research and library survey methods. Currency is generally defined as a system of money in common use, especially in a country. Sri Lanka has long and rich historical background on currency reign from ancient period. Punched coins, Swastika coins, Lakshmi coins, Ran kahawanuwa and its pieces, Medieval copper Massa coin, Sethu coins of Jaffna, Panama and Angutumassa / Hook coin are some of the local coins used in the ancient period. Apart from that, some of the foreign coins were used in Sri Lanka in the ancient time. Sri Lankan Rupee is the currency of Sri Lanka at present. Coins and Banknotes were frequently introduced to Sri Lankan currency. Moreover, the Central Bank of Sri Lanka has issued commemorative coins and banknotes on several occasions. Those coins and banknotes illustrated several aspects of Sri Lankan heritage such as traditional dance, traditional events, heritage sites, landscapes, industries, achievements, fauna and flora. Both cultural and natural aspects of heritage in Sri Lanka are transmitted through currency. Hence, there are several benefits in promoting this function as tourist attraction through museums, cultural events, culture based tours, nature based tours and heritage tours. Among these, currency museums are vital as an establishment of heritage. This research will propose cultural events as well as culture and nature based heritage tours focusing on the illustrated aspects of Sri Lankan coins and banknotes. Cultural and natural aspects of heritage in Sri Lanka, the significance of Sri Lankan currency, historical background of currency and heritage of Sri Lanka are also be discussed through this research.


We present the results of exploratory research on the fast synthesis of few‐layered graphite via a self‐propagating high‐temperature synthesis (SHS). We reported previously that different solid carbonates and gaseous carbon oxides could be directly converted into novel nanocarbons using strong reducers and SHS approach. In the current work, such combustion synthesis (CS) is extended toward the direct and efficient reduction and exfoliation of graphite oxide (GO) or fluorinated graphite (CFx) using different reducers (Si, Mg, NaN3, Li3N) into few‐layered graphene (FLG).


The latest report of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) on Iran's alleged nuclear weapons programme, released on November 8, 2011, has effectively raised the global threat level. The agency faced the daunting challenge of making a judgement on how far Iran's nuclear programme has advanced and its potential for weaponisation on the basis of suggestive but dated, inconclusive and possibly fake evidence (hundreds of pages of evidence have been sourced to one laptop of unproven provenance given to the IAEA by a Western intelligence agency). The IAEA is the UN's technical but neutral nuclear watchdog. The IAEA director general Mohamed ElBaradei, the head of the IAEA during the 2002–2003 Iraq crisis, successfully protected the agency's independence and credibility and was awarded the Nobel peace prize for his international public service and courage in resisting national agendas. The agency faced three difficult dilemmas in the preparation of the 2011 report. If indeed Iran is weaponising and the IAEA failed to detect this in time and register its suspicions, the credibility of the agency would be seriously damaged on the criterion of effectiveness. But if the report were to exaggerate the threat from Iran, it would risk playing into the hands of those hawks in Israel and Washington who favour a military attack on Iran in order to terminate its nuclear programme. The agency's credibility would be damaged by the perceptions of the political bias of the new director general. In time, the report would rebound on the IAEA itself, cross-infect it with the slow but steady erosion of US credibility in the Middle East, and discredit it as an impartial agency serving the international community. At the end of ElBaradei's term in December 2009, we know, courtesy of WikiLeaks, that Japanese career diplomat Yukio Amano was Washington's and the West's choice to succeed him. Although acknowledging the need for concessions to developing countries for political reasons, Amano was reported as being 'solidly in the US court on every strategic decision, from high-level personnel appointments to the handling of Iran's alleged nuclear weapons program'.1 Without solid and reliable evidence, suspicions would arise that the damning conclusion is explained more by the change of leadership at the IAEA than by fresh evidence.


Fluorine doped zinc oxide thin films, ZnO:F, were deposited on sodocalcic glass substrates, starting from zinc pentanedionate and hydrofluoric acid, by the chemical spray technique. The effect of the aging time of the starting solution on the electrical, structural, morphological and optical characteristics of the ZnO thin films was studied. Uniform, adherent, and mirror-like films were deposited at different days. A high electrical resistivity, was found in the films deposited the first day. However, a decrease in the resistivity,


In this paper, we demonstrate a new three dimensional (3D) randomly distributed antenna array for microwave staring correlated imaging. Its construction method is presented and the imaging model based on it is established; In order to characterize its random spatial arrangement of array antennas quantitatively, 3D random distributed entropy is defined; Based on the optimal model of maximizing the distribution entropy, optimal random distribution of 3D antenna array can be obtained by using genetic algorithm. Numerical simulation confirms its validity of the proposed 3D antenna array in improving its stochastic characteristics of radiation fields and achieving better imaging results.


Let $F$ be a unramified finite extension of $\mathbb{Q}_{p}$ and $\overline{\unicode[STIX]{x1D70C}}$ be an irreducible mod $p$ two-dimensional representation of the absolute Galois group of $F$ . The aim of this article is the explicit computation of the Kisin variety parameterizing the Breuil–Kisin modules associated to certain families of potentially Barsotti–Tate deformations of $\overline{\unicode[STIX]{x1D70C}}$ . We prove that this variety is a finite union of products of $\mathbb{P}^{1}$ . Moreover, it appears as an explicit closed connected subvariety of $(\mathbb{P}^{1})^{[F:\mathbb{Q}_{p}]}$ . We define a stratification of the Kisin variety by locally closed subschemes and explain how the Kisin variety equipped with its stratification may help in determining the ring of Barsotti–Tate deformations of $\overline{\unicode[STIX]{x1D70C}}$ .


Scalar input or scalar output systems two or three input, two output systems - some examples the transfer and Hankel matrices polynomial matrices projective space projective algebraic geometry I - basic concepts projective algebraic geometry II - regular functions, local rings, morphisms exterior algebra and grassmannians the Laurent isomorphism theorem I projective algebraic geometric III - products, projections, degree the Laurent isomorphism theorem II projective algebraic geometry IV - families, projections, degree the state space - realizations, controllability, observability, equivalence projective algebraic geometry V - fibres of morphisms projective algebraic geometry VI - tangents, differentials, simple subvarieties the geometry quotient theorem projective algebraic geometry VII -divisors projective algebraic geometry VIII - intersections state feedback output feedback formal power series, completions, regular local rings, and Hilbert polynomials specialization, generic points and spectra differentials the space nm review of affine algebraic geometry.


Summary. Withania somnifera (WS) and Tinospora cordifolia (TC) have been used in the traditional system of medicine in India (Ayurveda) for the treatment of cancer. The current study investigated the cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of extracts of WS and TC on human breast cancer cells (MCF7 and MDA MB 231). MTT-based assays revealed dose-dependent cytotoxic effects of the ethanolic extracts of WS and TC in human breast cancer cells, while the aqueous extracts failed to induce significant cytotoxicity. Hoechst 33342 staining and DNA fragmentation assays revealed hallmark properties of apoptosis such as membrane blebbing, nuclear condensation, and DNA fragmentation. The ethanolic extracts of both WS and TC also increased the sub-G 0 content, further confirming induction of apoptosis, while WS extracts additionally caused cell cycle arrest in the G 2 /M phase. Further, the current study also evaluated the cytotoxic effects of WS and TC extracts on human immortalized but, 'non-cancerous' cell line (HaCaT). Significantly, the extracts failed to show cytotoxicity or apoptosis in HaCaT cells at the concentration that was cytotoxic to breast cancer cells, indicating less cytotoxic effects of WS and TC against human 'non-cancerous' cells. Thus, our study reveals potential anti-cancer activities of the ethanolic and extracts of TC and WS against human breast cancer cells. Industrial relevance. The uses of WS and TC in traditional system of medicine for the management and treatment of cancer have drawn considerable attention. Varieties of pytochemicals and herbal formulations have been developed from plant sources, leading to the scientific interest in the discovery of anticancer agents from crude plant extracts. Medicinal plant extracts have played a significant role in the development of several clinically useful anti-cancer agents. Herbal formulations of the crude extracts could be useful for the treatment of breast cancer with less toxic effects against 'non-cancerous' cells. The identification of biologically active crude extracts possessing anti-apoptotic activities against breast cancer cells shows their potential for drug discovery. Key words. Withania somnifera; Tinospora cordifolia; Cytotoxicity; Apoptosis; Human breast cancer cells.


A series of itaconate monomers, e.g. 4 Methyl 1 (2 pyrrolidinonylethyl) itaconate (PyEMI), 4 i Propyl 1 (2 pyrrolidinonylethyl) itaconate (PyEPrI), 4 n Butyl 1 (2 pyrrolidinonylethyl) itaconate (PyEBuI),4 Benzyl 1 (2 pyrrlolidinonylethyl) itaconate (PyEBzI) and 4 (2 Phenylethyl) 1 (2 pyrrlolidinonylethyl) itaconate (PyEPhEI)) were synthesized by reaction of 1 (2 hydroxyethyl) 2 pyrrolidinone with corresponding itaconic monoester chlorides. They were polymerized by photo initiated free radical polymerization. The properties of the monomers and polymers were characterized by GPC, DSC, TGA, swelling ratio and refractive indices. The molecular weights of the polymers may reach 1~2×104. The refractive indexes of P(PyEBzI), P(PyEPhEI) are larger then those of P(PyEMI),P(PyEPrI) and P(PyEBuI). The EWC values of P(PyEBzI), P(PyEPhEI) are also higher than those of P(PyEPrI) and P(PyEBuI) but The EWC value of P(PyEMI) is up to 89%. The decomposition temperatures of P(PyEMI),P(PyEEI),P(PyEBuI) and P(PyEpHEI) are higher than those of p(PyEPrI) and P(PyEBzI), due to the steric hindrance effect.


Functors from (co)operads to bialgebras relate Hopf algebras that occur in renormalisation to operads, which simplifies the proof of the Hopf algebra axioms, and induces a characterisation of the corresponding group of characters and Lie algebra of primitives of the dual in terms of the operad. In addition, it is shown that the Wick rotation formula leads to canonical algebras for one of these operads.


The invention discloses a management method for the operation of charging electric automobile batteries by three-wire double-ammeter low-price electricity. Electric automobile battery-charging stations (1) are built at anywhere that the electric automobile battery-charging stations (1) can be built and roads are paved in such an interval arrangement that automotive service stations are built; the used card type watt-hour meter which is manufactured to be a three-wire double-ammeter type watt-hour meter (14) is provided with a charging card-inserting groove, integrally manufactured by two ammeters, provided with a timing device and an electromagnetic valve shifting device, and respectively connected with two live wires and uses two watt-hour meter cards and two different electricity prices for discharging; and the three-wire double-ammeter type of the three-wire double-ammeter type watt-hour meter (14) means three wires, i.e. two live wires and one zero wire.


High temperature continuous-wave (CW) operation of a distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) quantum cascade laser is demonstrated up to a heat sink temperature of 80 °C. A CW output power of 2 W and a single mode operation with side mode suppression ratio of 30 dB around wavelength of 4.48 μm were achieved at 20 °C. The maximum pulsed and CW wall-plug-efficiencies reached 14.7% and 10.3% at 20 °C, respectively. A large tuning range of 5 cm−1 between mode hopping was observed and attributed to the thermal cross-talk from the gain section to the DBR section.


*Department of Anesthesiology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Evanston; †Department of Anesthesiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago; ‡Department of Anesthesiology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago; and §Department of Anesthesiology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL. Copyright © 2016 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. DOI: 10.1097/SA.0000000000000223


The more parameters in a rheological constitutive model, the better it tends to reproduce available data, though this does not mean that it is necessarily better justified. Good fits to data are only part of model selection. We develop a Bayesian inference approach that rigorously balances closeness to data against both the number of model parameters and their a priori uncertainty. The analysis reflects a basic principle: Models grounded in physics will enjoy greater generality and perform better away from where they are calibrated. In contrast, relatively empirical models can provide comparable fits, but their a priori uncertainty is penalized. We demonstrate the approach by computing the best-justified number of modes for a multimode Maxwell model (MMM) to describe the dynamic shear moduli G′(ω), G″(ω) of a synthetic polymer network with transient crosslinks (polyvinyl alcohol with sodium tetra-borate). It is shown that a corresponding array of spring-pots, arranged as a parallel array of fractional-Maxwell model elements, is less credible. In contrast, for a biopolymer gluten dough we show that the MMM, irrespective of number of modes, is far less credible than a critical-gel/Rouse model (CGRM), which with its firmer physical basis provides a more credible model. This is true even though the MMM provides a closer fit to the data than the CGRM for the gluten system. Though quantitative, this formulation does not fully supplant user judgment. However, unlike most model fitting/selection approaches, it requires specific, quantifiable, and potentially debatable quantification of this judgment, and thus it provides a rigorous, repeatable assessment of model viability. Models are supported (or not) given numerical input, not vague assertions.The more parameters in a rheological constitutive model, the better it tends to reproduce available data, though this does not mean that it is necessarily better justified. Good fits to data are only part of model selection. We develop a Bayesian inference approach that rigorously balances closeness to data against both the number of model parameters and their a priori uncertainty. The analysis reflects a basic principle: Models grounded in physics will enjoy greater generality and perform better away from where they are calibrated. In contrast, relatively empirical models can provide comparable fits, but their a priori uncertainty is penalized. We demonstrate the approach by computing the best-justified number of modes for a multimode Maxwell model (MMM) to describe the dynamic shear moduli G′(ω), G″(ω) of a synthetic polymer network with transient crosslinks (polyvinyl alcohol with sodium tetra-borate). It is shown that a corresponding array of spring-pots, arranged as a parallel array of fractional-M...


Genre-based teaching approach is based on genre analysis, which applies the theory of genre and genre analysis to the classroom, and develops teaching activities revolving around the schematic structure of a text. This paper constructed an experiment based on the graduate English reading courses of China University of Geosciences and graduate English self-access learning system. The experiment selected two groups of nonEnglish majors, within 62 people for each group. The whole experiment lasted for a semester, implementing traditional teaching approach to the control group while genre-based teaching approaches to the experimental group. Through analyzing the pretest and posttest data, it proves that genre-based teaching approach is superior to traditional teaching approach. Keywords—genre; genre analysis; genre-based teaching approach; graduate English reading


This chapter examines reproductive liberty and autonomy and considers whether constraints on either can be justified. Reproductive liberty is the view that people should be free to make their own, unfettered choices about reproduction insofar as these do not have unreasonable harmful impacts on others. This includes choosing to have children and choosing to avoid doing so. Those afflicted by infertility or inherited conditions, those who wish to create a saviour sibling, and those who prefer to use a surrogate cannot achieve their reproductive goals without Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ARTs). If there is a lack of choices, or those choices are restricted (such as by restricting access to ARTs), then they may not be able to achieve their goals. The concept of reproductive autonomy comes into play at this point. Reproductive autonomy goes beyond the notion of merely permitting choice and demands more: that people's choices about reproduction are facilitated.


The ESENA Policy Forum Online is intended to provide expert analysis of contemporary energy, security and environmental issues in Northeast Asia, and an opportunity to participate in discussion of the analysis. A set of questions based on the following work is appended below. The Nautilus Institute invites your responses, based either on these questions or on any other thoughts you have after reading the work. We will post selected responses on our Web site.


related costs of 10 climate-sensitive U.S. events during 2012. GeoHealth. 2019;3(9):245-265. Accessed May 1, 2020. https:// doi.org/10.1029/2019GH000202 28. Kjellstrom T, Maı̂tre N, Sagat C, et al. Working on a warmer planet: The impact of heat stress on labour productivity and decent work. International Labour Organization. Published 2019. Accessed May 1, 2020. https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/ groups/public/—dgreports/—dcomm/—publ/documents/publica tion/wcms_711919.pdf 29. Salas RN, Knappenberger P, Hess JJ. 2019 Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: Policy brief for the United States of America. Lancet Countdown. Published November 2019. Accessed October 28, 2020. https://www.lancetcountdownu s.org/2019-lancet-countdown-us-brief 30. Pensa MA, Shugart JM, Guidotti T, et al. How does a changing climate impact the health of workers? Part 2: weather and climate disasters, worker health, and occupational resiliency. J Occup Environ Med. 2018;60(8):e426-e428. Accessed October 28, 2020. https://journals.lww.com/joem/Citation/2018/08000/How_ Does_a_Changing_Climate_Impact_the_Health_of.22.aspx 31. Tyler J, Sadiq A-A. Business continuity and disaster recovery in the aftermath of Hurricane Irma: exploring whether communitylevel mitigation activities make a difference. Nat Hazards Rev. 2019;20(1):04018026. Accessed May 1, 2020. https://doi.org/ 10.1061/(ASCE)NH.1527-6996.0000323 32. McCarthy RB, Shofer FS, Green-McKenzie J. Outcomes of a heat stress awareness program on heat-related illness in municipal outdoor workers. J Occup Environ Med. 2019;61(9):724-728. Accessed May 1, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.000000 0000001639 33. Martinich J, Crimmins A. Multi-model framework for quantitative sectoral impacts analysis: a technical report for the Fourth National Climate Assessment. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Published May 2017. Accessed May 1, 2020. https:// doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.14466.79045 34. Michaels D, Barab J. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration at 50: protecting workers in a changing economy. Am J Public Health. 2020;110(5):631-635. Accessed May 1, 2020. https://ajph.aphapublications.org/doi/full/10.2105/AJPH.2020.3 05597 35. Rebmann T, Wang J, Swick Z, et al. Business continuity and pandemic preparedness: US health care versus non-health care agencies. Am J Infect Control 2013;41(4):e27-e33. Accessed May 1, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2012.09.010 36. Tyler J, Sadiq A-A, Chikoto-Schultz GL. Variations in employees' perceptions of organizational disaster preparedness. J Contingencies and Crisis Manag. 2020;28(1):2-18. Accessed May 1, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5973.12281 37. Henkel PJ, Marvanova M. Basic disaster preparedness of rural community pharmacies in 5 states. Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2019. Accessed May 1, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1017/ dmp.2019.57 38. Josephson A, Schrank H, Marshall M. Assessing preparedness of small businesses for hurricane disasters: analysis of pre-disaster owner, business and location characteristics. Int J Disaster Risk Reduct. 2017;23:25-35. Accessed October 29, 2020. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2017.03.013 39. Vano JA, Miller K, Dettinger MD, et al. Hydroclimatic extremes as challenges for the water management community: lessons from Oroville Dam and Hurricane Harvey. Bull Am Meteorol Soc. 2019;100(1):S9-S14. Accessed May 1, 2020. https://doi.org/ 10.1175/BAMS-D-18-0219.1 40. Chambers KA, Husain I, Chathampally Y, et al. Impact of Hurricane Harvey on healthcare utilization and emergency department operations. West J Emerg Medicine. 2020;21(3):586-594. Accessed October 28, 2020. https://doi.org/10.5811/ westjem.2020.1.41055


The nonlinear second order differential equation
$$
\frac{d}{dt} h(t,x'(t))+g(t,x(t))=0, \quad t\in[0,T] \text{ a.e. } \quad
x'(0)=x'(T)=0
$$
with superlinear function $g$ is investigated. Based on dual variational method the
existence of solution is proved. Dependence on parameters and approximation
method are also presented.


Congenital anomalies that arediagnosed inat least120,000USinfants everyyearare the leading cause of infant death and contribute to disability and pediatric hospitalizations. Several large-scale epidemiologic studies have provided substantial evidence of an association between congenital anomalies and cancer risk in children, suggesting potential underlying cancer-predisposing conditions and the involvement of developmental genetic pathways. Electronic medical records from 1,107 pediatric, adolescent, and young adult oncology patients were reviewed. The observed number (O) of congenital anomalies among children with a specific pediatric cancer subtype was compared tothe expectednumber (E)of anomaliesbasedon the frequency of congenital anomaliesintheentirestudypopulation.TheO/Eratiosweretestedforsignificanceusing Fisher ' s exact test. The Kaplan – Meier method was used to compare overall and neurological malignancy survival rates following tumor diagnosis. Thirteen percent of patients had a congenital anomaly diagnosis prior to their cancer diagnosis. When stratified by congenital anomaly subtype, there was an excess of neurological anomalies amongchildrenwithcentralnervoussystemtumors(O/E = 1.56,95%CI1.13 – 2.09).Male pediatric cancer patients were more likely than females to have a congenital anomaly, particularly those <5 years of age (O/E 1.35, 95%CI 0.97 – 1.82). Our study provides additional insight into the association between specific congenital anomaly types and pediatric cancer development. Moreover, it may help to inform the development of new screening policies and support hypothesis-driven research investigating mechanisms underlying tumor predisposition in children with congenital anomalies.


A comprehensive analysis of the effectiveness of speed enforcement by camera as a tool in decreasing the accident rate on high accident risk roads in the City of Johannesburg. The analysis indicates a significant reduction in accident rates on roads where speed enforcement by camera operations was conducted. A more in-depth analysis determined that, of all the factors playing a role in the reduction of the accident rate, a reduction in the average infringement vehicle speed is the fundamental factor that is most effective in reducing the accident rate. 1 BACKGROUND For the purpose of this paper, the accident rate was referred to as the total number of accidents (fatal injury + serious injury +damage only accidents) per month that happened on the 12 specific roads or road sections as identified for this study. Accident data covering the entire City of Johannesburg Metropolitan area were obtained from the JMPD (Johannesburg Metropolitan Police Department) Accident Bureau and analysed over a period of two years (01 January 2008 to 31 December 2009). Scientists in Adelaide estimated that the relative risk of a vehicle travelling at or above 60km/h, becoming involved in a casualty crash – a vehicle crash in which people are killed or hospitalized – double for every 5km/h above 60km/h. One reason for this increased risk is reaction time – the time it takes between a person perceiving a danger and reacting to it. The braking distance is proportional to the square of the speed – which means that the breaking distance increases considerably as speed increases. Kloeden, C.N, A.J. McLean, V.M. Moore and G. Ponte. 1997. In 2008, TMT Services & Supplies was awarded a Speed Enforcement by Camera tender for the City of Johannesburg under the jurisdiction of the Johannesburg Metropolitan Police (JMPD). TMT supplied JMPD with a comprehensive Accident Analysis Database paid for by TMT from funds generated from the above Speed Enforcement by Camera project. Statistical data on speed enforcement were recorded on the iForce database which was first used in the Ventersdorp TMT branch in 2000. This contract was similar to the current JMPD contract. The accident data was combined with the speed enforcement data and analysed. This paper form part of a long term, in-depth study to be completed in the next 3 to 5 years and would also include municipalities in other provinces.


Objective To explore the clinical value of magnetic resonance hydrography(MRH) technology in optic nerve scanning. Methods 35 patients performed orbit magnetic resonance imaging from June 2013 to May 2014 in our hospital were selected. All the patients were performed 2D and 3D same direction T2 weighted rapid spin echo sequences scanning. Results Compared with 2D-173-200 sequence and 2D-173-330 sequence, when performed with 3D-173 sequence, the value of SNR was significantly higher(t=4.5, P0.001; t=7.2, P0.001). When bandwidth was set as 330 or 200, the values of SNR in 2D-80, 2D-100 and 2D-173 sequences were significantly different(X2=30.4, P0.001; X2=30.4, P0.001). When field of view(FOV) was set as 173, the values of SNR in the bandwidths of 200 were significantly higher than that in 330. No statistical differences were found in SNR when FOV set as 80 and 100(Z=-0.3, P=0.756; Z=-1.4, P=0.159). Conclusion MRH could make clear optic nerve image; the wider of FOV, the larger of pixels, and the higher quality of image; compared with 2D sequence, 3D sequence could have higher SNR value and higher quality of image.


Objective To investigate stroke prevention knowledge among primary hypertension stroke patients.Methods The survey was conducted among 100 primary hypertensive stroke patients older than 35 years old for sociodemographic information,and stroke prevention knowledge.Results The stroke prevention knowledge score of 100 patients was (63.22 ± 20.68) points,diet dimension got the best score,came in first,to master the knowledge of the incidence of stroke signs was the worst,came in last.Blood pressure medication,coronary heart disease were stroke-related knowledge influencing factors.Conclusions The level of stroke prevention knowledge among primary hypertension stroke patients is low.In order to help hypertensive stroke patients improve their stroke prevention knowledge,health education should be promoted.

Key words:
Primary hypertension;  Stroke prevention knowledge;  Stroke


The rotation biogas digesters is based on the techniques of detaining sludge and attaching film,and according to the material and running mechanism. It adopts new technics to resolve some questions ,such as self-inputing stuff without impetus, spining-flow, circumfluence with mixing, fixing bacterium to form membrane. Through applying and checking in practice,the dynamic digesters service and technics can grow 31%~72.4% more than that of static digesters,and performed objectives of yield gas all year,constant utilization,and simple management.


Summary Urinary calculi occurred in 33.1% of the 151 strain C3H male mice treated with estogren, and in 4.1% of 96 controls. The highest incidence was noted in mice 5 months of age or older, which had received from 9 to 20 weekly injections of 100 rat units. The calculi appeared at an earlier age in the treated animals.


A METHOD FOR CONTROLLING BRAKING SYSTEM CONTROL SLIP FOR MOTOR VEHICLES WHICH ALL WHEELS ARE DRIVING IN WHICH ARE MADE OF ELECTRIC SIGNALS THAT MATCH THE BEHAVIOR ROTATION WHEEL VEHICLE AND WHO, AFTER BEING eLECTRONICALLY PROCESSED AND COMBINED lOGICALLY, ALLOW TO OBTAIN SIGNALS CONTROL BRAKE PRESSURE SERVING TO REDUCE THE BRAKE PRESSURE OR MAINTAIN CONSTANT AND THE TIMELY increase again DURING THE APPEARANCE OF A TREND IN BLOCKING AND THAT THE sLIP, aCCELERATION AND dECELERATION WHEELS ARE TESTING AS A CRITERIA REGULATING THE SPEED OF DIFFERENT WHEELS BEING COMPARED WITH REFERENCE SPEED VEHICLE IS CALCULATED BY REFERENCE TO THE BEHAVIOR ROTATION OF ALL WHEELS WHICH REFERENCE VALUE OF USED FOR REGULATING THE BRAKE PRESSURE DIFFERENT WHEELS CHARACTERIZED IN THAT IF BEHAVIOR ROTATION WHEEL IS TYPICAL OF SKATING OR TREND IN SKATING, THE REGULATION IS AMENDED TO TYPE ONE TIME SLIDING WHEELS INSTANT NOT BEING CONSIDERED AS REGULATORY CRITERIA DURING THIS PERIOD AND REGULATING THE BRAKE PRESSURE IS ONLY MADE BASED ACCELERATION OR dECELERATION WHEELS.


Genetic diversity analysis is a fundamental work for effective management and utilization of plant germplasm. Brassica juncea is an economically important crop, including both oilseed and vegetable types. In the present study, a total of 99 accessions of Brassicaceae family, including 84 mustard (50 oilseed and 34 vegetable types) in China and 15 other Brassicaceae accessions were evaluated for their genetic diversity using nuclear and mitochondrial molecular markers. All accessions were evaluated using 18 simple sequence repeats, 20 sequence related amplified polymorphisms, and 7 intron-exon splice junction primers, and in total, 232 polymorphic fragments were obtained. The unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic mean cluster analysis indicated that all accessions could be divided into three major clusters, with cluster I including all 50 oilseed mustard, cluster II including 34 vegetable mustard, and cluster III containing 15 other Brassicaceae accessions. The results of principal component analysis and population structure analysis were in accordance with the cluster result. Molecular variance analysis revealed that the genetic variation was 34.07% among populations and 65.93% within Brassica species, which indicates existence of considerable genetic variation among oilseed and vegetable B. juncea species. Based on an InDel and a SNP locus reported in B. juncea mitochondrial genome, all the 84 B. juncea mitochondrial genomes were divided into three mitotypes (MTs1-3), 22 accessions of MT1, 20 accessions of MT2, and 42 accessions of MT3. In addition, the results of the modified multiplex PCR, Indel and SNP could identify pol-, cam-, nap- (or MT4), Bol-, Bni-, Esa-, and In-cytoplasmic types in 15 other Brassicaceae accessions. Together, oilseed and vegetable B. juncea can be used for broadening the genetic background for each other.


Thirteen chickpea germplasm(Cicer arietinum) provided by INRAA/URO (Sidi Bel Abbes, Algeria), were screened for resistance to ascochyta blight disease caused by Ascochyta rabiei, by artificially inoculating the germplasm under glass-house at temperature 20±2 °c and humidity was maintained above 80% by sprinkling fresh water. Highly significant effect (P<0.01) was observed on chickpea germplasm reaction to three pathotypes of Ascochyta rabiei (Mos02 'pathotype III: highly aggressive', At02 'pathotype II: moderate aggressive' and Sba02 'pathotype I: least aggressive').Three chickpea germplasm exhibited highly resistant response (Flip 4107, Flip 1025 and Flip 10511), two lines weresusceptible (ILC263 and ILC1929) and anothereight chickpea germplasm (ILC3279, ILC7795, ILC482, ILC483, Flip9393, ILC8068, ICC3996 and INRA199), displayed tolerant reaction.


In this study, we have developed a DNA vaccine encoding viral envelope protein VP28 of penaeid rod-shaped DNA virus (PRDV, = WSSV). Protective efficacy of the DNA vaccine against PRDV was confirmed at 7 days post vaccination in kuruma shrimp Penaeus japonicus. The VP28 transcript derived from the vaccine was detected in various tissues at 1, 3 and 7 days post vaccination. Moreover, notable up-regulated expression of Rab7, penaeidin, lysozyme and crustin genes was observed upon DNA vaccination. These results suggest that the DNA vaccine significantly increased the protection and innate immune responses in kuruma shrimp against PRDV.


Human face segmentation have drawn much attention over the years and many techniques have been used. Seeing that it has many potential applications in computer science vision and automatic access control system, its research domain has promptly broadened not only in engineer but also in the neuroscience. Particularly, face segmentation is a needed step for face recognition system. In this paper, we are going to present a new approach based on color segmentation by exploiting the Delaunay triangulation generated by Voronoi diagram and some feature points from 2D histogram. As for face detection we have used a distance transformation and selected the region of interest. For this work, we have used Georgia Tech face database. The results are quiet satisfying as the success rate reaches 92% for face detection.


PATRICK MOYNIHAN's retirement from the United States Senate indisputably deprived it of an enormous share of its intellectual power. His imposing presence combined the fervor of an idealist, the ability to focus upon and analyze the major and enduring issues of the day, and a huge measure of the political instincts that served him so well, not only in repeated reelection, but also in securing benefits for his constituents and his country. Perhaps most remarkable of all was his personality, which only those who knew him could appreciate fully. His wit, his incredible erudition, and his markedly Irish repartee all added up to an unforgettable presence that could only be savored and admired. Born in Oklahoma, with an academic career centered primarily in Cambridge, Massachusetts, he was, nevertheless, indisputably a genuine New Yorker. His family moved to New York City when he was one year old, and he spent his less than affluent boyhood in the "Hell's Kitchen" neighborhood, where he contributed to the family finances by shoeshining and newspaper delivery. He loved both the city and its surrounding countryside and was deeply dedicated to promotion of their welfare. Highly memorable is his successful battle to save the Post Office Building to make it into the new Penn Station and a true gateway to the city. He truly represented New York State in the nation's Senate, but he was never a parochial advocate of its interests alone, thinking primarily of the needs of the nation and even of the world. And unlike garden-variety politicians, his horizons were not confined to the short term, on whose behalf he was unwilling to sacrifice the society's future. His career spanned two arenas, academic and political. From his chair at Harvard University, he achieved the reputation as a scholar and an analyst of social issues. After serving President Nixon as assistant to the president for urban affairs, he assumed the post of ambassador to India, and later that of ambassador to the United Nations, before running for the Senate, to which he was twice reelected by landslide margins. He was the author of eighteen books, several of them written while he served in the Senate, despite the heavy demands on his time imposed by his office. The topics ranged from social issues and race relations, to the role and misuse of secrecy in the operations of government. Above all, he was concerned about issues of poverty and economic and social disadvantage. He sought ways to improve the opportunities of black Americans, and to overcome the handicaps imposed by slum habitation and broken families. Extension of health care was another of the subjects to which he assigned priority. Over the years he had also been concerned with the nation's intelligence services, their shortcomings and their abuses. A subject that always aroused him was architecture, in particular the once deplorable state of Pennsylvania Avenue in the nation's capital, and the central post office in New York City. In the first of these causes, he is credited with the transformation of Washington's principal thoroughfare from a shabby avenue surrounded by decaying structures to a splendid boulevard that today can be shown to visitors with pride. In New York City, among those who continued to be distressed by the casual destruction of the monumental Pennsylvania Station, he leaped at the opportunity offered by the U.S. Postal Service's planned abandonment of its classic building near the site of the old railroad station to demand that this structure be saved and transformed into a renewed rail terminal. He managed to obtain the federal funds necessary to carry out the project, an undertaking to which his city still looks forward. On the intelligence services and the associated issue of secrecy, he frequently expressed indignation about their continued insistence in the late 1980s upon what they claimed to be the mortal dangers posed for the U.S. by the monstrous powers of the Soviet Union. …


The volume contains papers presented at COSPAR symposia in October 2002 about radiation risk assessment and radiation measurements in low Earth orbit. The risk assessment symposium brought together multidisciplinary expertise including physicists, biologists, and theoretical modelers. Topics included current knowledge about known and predicted radiation environments, radiation shielding, physics cross section models, improved ion beam transport codes, biological demonstrations of specific shielding materials and applications to a manned mission to Mars, advancements in biological measurement of radiation-induced protein expression profiles, and integration of physical and biological parameters to assess key elements of radiation risk. Papers from the radiation measurements in low Earth orbit symposium included data about dose, linear energy transfer spectra, and charge spectra from recent measurements on the International Space Station (ISS), comparison between calculations and measurements of dose distribution inside a human phantom and the neutron component inside the ISS; and reviews of trapped antiprotons and positrons inside the Earth's magnetosphere.


One of the most undesirable properties of concrete is that the concrete cracks due to many reasons including shrinkage and applied loads. Normal concrete has the tendency to seal these cracks on its own utilizing the un-hydrated cement particles and the deposited fine particles. This tendency has a very limited success to deal with live expanding cracks. This study helps the concrete to seal these cracks by using the Ultra-High Absorbent Polymer (UHAP). This polymer absorbs large quantity of water to form gel-like material. The moisture content of that polymer can reach up 99%. The volume of the polymer increases with the increase in the amount of water absorbed. The gel has the tendency to fill out any surrounding void in the concrete mass including the cracks when subjected to moisture. This phenomenon helps in preventing water leaks and water flow though the concrete mass. At the same time the gel releases water slowly with time in a process considered helpful for the internal curing of the new concrete. This study will explore the ability of the UHAP to stop the water flow through an artificially created crack in the concrete samples subjected to constant (constant head). Several cubes of 5 cm side length were prepared.


In this paper we have developed an ultrafast pulse generator to turn on a Single Photon Avalanche Diode (SPAD) sensor with picosecond resolution, at specific time windows. The pulse amplitude and duration is user tunable to provide a variable excess bias voltage to the detector. The transition times (rise and fall time) of the pulse is in the range of 250 to 550 ps depending on the amplitude. The generator was designed to be applied in reflectance optical spectroscopy measurements where the diffusive medium is illuminated from a point source and diffused photons are collected at a given distance from the source. To increase the sensitivity to higher penetration depth of investigation, the source and the detector separation should be small which in turn increases the number of unwanted early arriving photons. This system will keep the detector off for the first 500-600ps, thus rejecting the early arriving photons, and will only turn-ON the detector when it is expected to detect the late photons coming from the deeper regions. The proposed fully CMOS integrated system is the first of its kind to be introduced for the ultra-fast gating of the single photon detectors.


Governance in a specific organization is an iterative process that starts with the assignment of roles and decision rights as per goals that are set, continues with the establishment of a set of mechanisms to be activated on a specific scope within the organization, and ends with the assessment that leads to the refinement of the goals accordingly. This one-day workshop focuses on software development governance and deals with the issues that are special to software organizations.


The machines in the shop roar so wildly that often I forget in the roar that I am; I am lost in the terrible tumult, my ego disappears, I am a machine. I work, and work, and work without end; I am busy, and busy, and busy at all time. For what? and for whom? I know not, I ask not! How should a machine ever come to think? Morris Rosenfeld, 'In the Sweat-shop', from Songs from the Ghetto, trans. Leo Wiener (Norbert Wiener's father)


Abstract There are many digital transformation challenges going forward towards Industry 4.0 in Thailand, especially for the traditional manufacturing firms that have been operating without digital technologies. The paper presents a case study of a safety shoe manufacturer, CPL Group Public Company Limited, adopting digital technologies to transform its production system of 40 years. It presents a conceptual design for production tracking based on IoT technologies for productivity improvement. This research uses inductive case study research design by interviewing executives and participating in the digital tracking development project using IoT sensors and image processing. The findings show the key success factors of digital transformation in manufacturing, strategies required for development, and the conceptual design of the production tracking system.


To compare in controlled cardiovascular autonomic function tests the effects of hormone therapy (HT) on heart rate variability (HRV) responses in postmenopausal women with and without pretreatment hot flushes.


The present investigation entitled Effect of plant geometry and nutrition on yield and quality parameters of transplanted ajowan (Trachyspermum ammi L. Sprague) in the red loamy soils of Andhra Pradesh. was carried out at College of Horticulture, Venkataramannagudem, West Godavari district of Andhra Pradesh during Rabi 2017-2018. The experiment was laid out in a factorial randomized block design with 18 treatments replicated thrice. The treatments include plant geometries 30 cm x 20 cm, 45 cm x 20 cm and 30 cm x 30 cm at six fertilizer levels i.e. 75% RDF (15: 30:15 NPK kg hectare-1), 100% RDF (20: 40:20 NPK kg hectare-1), 125% RDF (25: 50 :25 NPK kg hectare-1), 150% RDF (30: 60: 30 NPK kg hectare-1), 175% RDF (35: 70: 35 NPK kg hectare-1), and 200% RDF (40: 80: 40 NPK kg hectare-1). Among the different fertilizer levels and plant geometry more number of umbels per plant (189.33), number of umbellate per plant (20.00), number of seeds per umbel (165.67), number of seeds per umbellate (19.00), number of seeds per plant (24.05 thousand) at 200% RDF with plant geometry 45 cm x 20 cm. However, the number of days taken to 50% flowering (55), days taken from flowering to transplanting (115), test weight (1.50 g) and seed yield per plant (7.40 g) were found significant and also maximum with the fertilizer levels 200% RDF with plant geometry 30 cm x 30 cm, but seed yield per hectare (1150.86 kg ha-1) found significant at 200% RDF with plant geometry 30 cm x 20 cm. Among the quality parameters essential oil content (3.25%) was found significantly more with 200% RDF with plant geometry 45 cm x 20 cm. Protein content (19.03%) was found significantly higher at 200% RDF with plant geometry 30 cm x 20 cm.


In the title compound, C14H11N3OS·C2H5OH, the dihedral angle between the pyridine N—Cfused—Cfused—C(thiophene) plane and the plane of the thiophene ring is 81.9 (3)°, indicating that they are close to perpendicular. The dihedral angle between this pyridine plane and the benzene ring is 1.3 (3)°. The thiophene ring is disordered over two coplanar orientations with an occupancy ratio of 0.692 (7):0.308 (7), while the ethanol solvent molecule is also disordered over two sets of site in a 0.66 (4):0.34 (4) ratio. In the crystal, chains are formed along the b axis by N—H⋯O and O—H⋯N interactions with adjacent chains being connected through C—H⋯N and C—H⋯S interactions.


Hypoxia‐inducible factor 1α (HIF‐1α) plays a central role in regulating oxygen‐dependent gene expression and is involved in a range of pathways implicated in cellular survival, proliferation, and development. While the posttranslational regulation of HIF‐1α is well characterized, the relative importance of its control at the transcriptional level during development remains less clear. Although the mouse and human promoter regions have been analyzed in vitro, to date, there has been no in vivo analysis of any vertebrate HIF‐1α promoter. To investigate the transcriptional regulation of HIF‐1α during development of the amphibian Xenopus laevis, we have described the gene's expression pattern and isolated the xHIF‐1α upstream regulatory regions. We show xHIF‐1α mRNA to be constitutively expressed at low levels throughout embryogenesis, but with significant up‐regulation during gastrula stages, and subsequently, in specific regions of the central nervous system and axial tissues. Our functional analysis using a series of truncated xHIF‐1α promoter constructs demonstrates that a 173‐bp region of the proximal promoter, which is 100% conserved among five allelic variants, is sufficient to drive correct expression in transgenic embryos. Although these results are corroborated by a parallel set of in vitro transfection experiments in a Xenopus cell line, some key differences suggest the importance of using transgenic methods in conjunction with in vitro assays. Developmental Dynamics 230:229–238, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Although there have been many reports on the synthesis of NaLnF4 nanoparticles (NPs), in particular ones that show upconversion luminescence, there is still an insufficient understanding of the mechanism to design the set of reaction conditions that will result in NPs of a particular diameter with a narrow size distribution. Here, we describe experiments that lead to the synthesis of uniform NaLnF4 (Ln = Sm, Eu, Tb, Ho) nanoparticles (NPs) with diameters between 4 and 30 nm. NPs, in this size range, are particularly important as potential reagents for mass cytometry. The effects of varying the amount of ligand (oleic acid), precursor ratios, heating time, and temperature are discussed. In general, we found that identical reaction conditions cannot be used to synthesize NPs of identical sizes for different lanthanide elements. We found that to obtain larger uniform NaLnF4 NPs, conditions should be found such that the NPs initially nucleate in the cubic phase and undergo a subsequent phase change to the hex...


Essential oils obtained from fifteen different plant species (Achillea biserrata M. Bieb., Achillea coarctata Poir., Achillea gypsicola Hub-Mor., Achillea wilhemsii C. Koch, Artemisia santonicum L., Hypericum perforatum L., Melilotus officinalis (L.) Lam., Origanum acutidens (Hand.-Mazz), Origanum onites L., Origanum rotundifolium L., Origanum syriacum L., Satureja hortensis L., Satureja spicigera (C. Koch)., Salvia nemorosa L., and Tanacetum agrophyllum (L.) C. Koch were tested against adults of Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Obtained results showed that the tested essential oils isolated from all plant species, except that from S. nemorosa had significant insecticidal effects against S. zeamais adults, compared with the control. Mortality rate of S. zeamais adults increased significantly (p < 0.01), as the concentration (µl/L air) level and/or exposure time increased. Treatments with the essential oils of A. coarctata, A. gypsicola, O. onites, S. hortensis, and S. spicigera showed highest percentages of adult mortalities, when they were applied at the high concentrations (10 & 20 µl/L air) and at all the post treatment periods or at a moderate concentration (5 µl/L air) with long exposure periods (48 or 96 hs). The essential oil of S. nemorosa had lowest effect. After 96 h of exposure, at the maximum concentration (20 µl/L air essential oil) of A. biserrata, A. coarctata, A. gypsicola, A. santonicum, H. perforatum, M. officinalis, O. onites, O. rotundifolium, S. hortensis, S. spicigera, T. agrophyllum recorded 100% mortality, while O. syriacum, O. acutidens, A. wilhemsii, and S. nemorosa attained 99-76.77 mortality. After 96 h of treatment, 100% mortality was achieved at the concentration of 5 µl/L air essential oil of A. gypsicola. Essential oils of M. officinalis, H. perforatum, and O. rotundifolium possessed the most effective fumigant toxicity against S. zeamais adults, with LC50 values of 0.289, 0.526, and 0.573 µl/L air, respectively.


To the Editor: We appreciate the data shared by Tragiannidis et al. from their experience with a cohort of patients treated per ALL BFM-95 in Northern Greece. It is very interesting that despite having a much leaner baseline population ( 0.4 median baseline BMI z-score vs. 0.64 in our cohort), their ALL patients also demonstrated increased weight gain over the course of therapy [1]. They report a similar initial increase in BMI z-score; however, this decreased as the patients progressed further into therapy. While it is reported that the median z-scores decreased at 12 and 24 months post-diagnosis, more detail regarding the actual values and statistical methodology may help understand these trends. However, from these data as well as other published data, the trajectory of BMI change during ALL therapy does differ to some degree across populations, for which there are likely treatment, host and environment-related risk factors. While we agree with Tragiannidis et al. that the obesity or an overweight state is reversible for some patients post-chemotherapy, there are extensive data that shows obesity persists for many, extending into the long-term survivorship period and increasing risk for longterm cardiac and metabolic complications [2]. In our study, the use of corticosteroids during maintenance therapy is one of a number of potential etiological risk factors for worsened obesity, recognizing that there are likely psychological factors that motivate parents to restrict physical activity, including concern for injury or illness. We propose that a family-based diet and exercise intervention may mitigate excessive weight gain and address physiologic and psychosocial risk factors for obesity. As the literature has shown, cranial radiation at 18–24 Gy is an important predisposing factor to obesity in long-term survivors [2,3]. However, this may not be true of patients on active therapy; in our cohort, all patients received <24 Gy of cranial radiation therapy, and radiation was actually associated with decreased BMI [1]. There is emerging evidence that patient's with ALL are also at increased risk for other components of the metabolic syndrome (hypertension, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance), and we plan to continue to work to further delineate this association [4,5]. There is some evidence that polymorphisms in the leptin receptor are associated with obesity in females who received cranial radiation, and additional research in this area may permit more targeted interventions in those at highest risk [6].


Anthropologists' understandings of cultural factors affecting behavior can assist in the development of criminal defenses as a basis for establishing exculpating, extenuating, and mitigating circumstances. While the cultural defense is generally not recognized as a specific defense, cultural factors are admissible within traditional defenses. This article orients anthropologists to their potential contributions in criminal defenses by reviewing the legal context for establishing the relevance of cultural factors, with specific reference to the Model Penal Code. The article also reviews case materials where the author was appointed as an expert witness to illustrate how cultural factors may serve to establish mitigating circumstances during the preliminary, guilt and penalty phases of trials.


Lake Itasca, Minnesota, is cutrophic with a clinograclc oxygen profile. The profundal and sublittoral bottom fauna is dominated by Chironomus plumosus and Chnohorzls punctipennis. ProcZ~~tlius sp. and Pdpomyia sp. are next in abundance. Pisidit~m and oligochactcs, cspccially, arc rare. From 27 Ekman dredge samples taken from depths of 5.5-10.2 m in the north arm during the period 10-22 July 1964, a total macrobenthic fauna of 16,165,30O/ha in the sublittoral zone and 14,843,57O/ha in the profundal zone was cstimatcd. The total formalin weights were 418.8 kg/ha and 265.3 kg/ha in the sublittoral and profundal zones, respcctivcly; for the entire area sampled this amounted to 300.3 kg/ha. The peak of the biomass was 56.7.5 kg/ha at the sublittoral-profundal boundary. Over 90% of the weight was contributed by C. plumosus. Lnkc Itasca may bc the third richest lake in the United States in benthic standing crop.


We conducted a case–control study to evaluate the relationship between ischemic stroke in young adults (<45 years of age) and plasma homocysteine (Hcy), plasma folate and vitamin B12, after a methionine load. We studied 42 patients with a history of ischemic stroke and 29 controls with a negative clinical history of cardio‐ or cerebrovascular diseases, venous thrombosis and renal disease. A fasting blood sample was drawn from each participant; the second and third samples were collected, respectively, 120 and 240 min after the methionine load. Whilst there was no difference between controls and patients in basal total homocysteine (tHcy), we found a statistically significant difference in both the 120‐ and 240‐min samples. We compared the basal and 240‐min tHcy in patients and controls. We obtained a median value of 17.8 and 11.6 μmol/l in patients and controls, respectively. The difference between these two values was highly significant. The methionine loading test (MLT) reveals Hcy metabolism abnormalities that were not revealed by the basal sample. MLT may help identify and treat this new risk factor, which seems to be both atherogenic and prothrombotic, and is hypothesized to operate through various mechanisms.


Torsion pendulum experiments in which the A-phase orbital relaxation times is comparable with the oscillation period show strong amplitude dependent damping in 3He-A that is absent in 3He-B. At large amplitudes the apparent superfluid density decreases towards zero, suggesting collapse of superflow as discussed by Bhattacharyya, Ho and Mermin (1977). A simple model is proposed to describe such collapse, at a rate limited by the Cross-Anderson orbital viscosity. This model accounts satisfactorily for the main features of the present experimental results.


AutoCAD provides a lot of second developing tools.The latest package based on.NET framework makes it possible to second develop AutoCAD using.NET support programming language such as C#,etc.For using the defined command the second developing package,Developers always have to load the package manually when AutoCAD has started.Automatic loading.NET program assembly can improve efficiency obviously.Three automatic loading method of.NET program assembly is presented,and fully discussed either in advantages or disadvantages,and examples and some source code are companied with each method.


Increasing efficiency of power transmission lines is an important factor for providing agricultural objects with electric power. During the development power transmission systems, lines direct current, lines alternating voltage of industrial frequency and lines of alternating voltage high frequency have appeared. The author considers some features of operation power transmission systems over single-wire transmission lines operating at high frequency in range of 5-20 kHz. The system allows to transmit electrical energy on one wire with return through low-conductivity grounds due to the high frequency. To operate a single-wire power transmission system, it is necessary to arrange grounding. A distinctive feature work of grounding at a high frequency is that in addition to conductivity of soil, dielectric permittivity of soil layers also works. This makes it possible to reduce size of switches earthing or to transmit electrical energy through low-conductivity grounds with small losses. Calculations of efficiency of electric energy transfer are given. Efficiency of transmission electric power of 10 kW at a frequency 10 kHz through dry silica can be 96.5 percent. When the frequency is 50 Hz, so efficiency of transmission electric power will tend toward zero. Corrosion damages of the steel electrodes placed in an electrolyte on currents of various frequency were estimated. Effect of high frequency on circuit of grounding switches was studied. If the high frequency equals 2.6 and 100 kHz, so the corrosion of electrodes decreases by 15-20 percent compared to the frequency of 50 Hz, and by 60 times in comparison with a constant current. Therefore as grounding conductors of a single-wire power line it is possible to use not only special electrodes, but also agricultural objects.


We have developed a mid-infrared femtosecond laser source with high stability and optical system for glycol-protein structure analysis. The DFG (difference frequency generation) light was irradiated to the SLeX proton added ion to a photo-dissociate it


The Supreme Court's decision in Kelo v. City of New London led to widespread condemnation of the Court's apparent indifference to property rights. In particular, the decision was attacked by the property rights movement. Members of that movement have advocated the passage of new state laws that would constrain the exercise of eminent domain by local government entities. They have also sharply criticized states that either did not pass post-Kelo reform laws or passed reform laws that they deem "ineffective." In this paper, I argue that the critique of post-Kelo reform laws advanced by the property rights movement is flawed because it only looks at the text of those laws, without looking at how state courts have interpreted their states' eminent domain legislation. By closely examining how courts in two prominent states have dealt with one important aspect of eminent domain – i.e., the findings of blight which must be reached before a redevelopment project can go forward – I show that broad generalizations about how all courts behave when confronted with such issues are inaccurate. The paper demonstrates that the property rights critique of post-Kelo reform laws is incomplete, and that a more accurate assessment of both the necessity and effectiveness of such laws can only be achieved by examining a state's judicial practice.


Over the past four decades, Zimbabwe redistributed vast quantities of arable land to the landless, women and poor communal farmers to reduce inequality. Yet poverty and gender disparity in land ownership have continued to be discernible. It is against this background that this article explores the relationship between poverty, gender disparity and land inequality using household survey data. First, the article assesses the state of inequality and gender disparity using descriptive statistics. Second, a regression discontinuity design is applied to evaluate the poverty impact of a marginal increase in plot size of a female-headed household from the existing mean of all women-headed households. Third, a simple regression is estimated to investigate the impact of land inequality and gender disparity on regional poverty levels. The results reveal a gender gap in landownership and a higher level of land inequality among female-headed households. But in the sub-sample of female-headed households, per capita consumption is larger and the proportion of poor households is smaller than in the sub-sample of male-headed households. The results further reveal that a transfer of arable land to women will only reduce poverty and promote equality if it targets women without land and those with less than 3 Acres. Spatially, poverty can be reduced by increasing the share of women owning arable land in regional districts. The major policy implication of the findings is that any land redistribution policy aiming at achieving gender equality in land ownership and reducing poverty must pay attention to women at the lower end of plot size distribution. There are substantial spillover benefits from addressing gender inequality in land ownership.


Serum amyloid P component (SAP) binds to amyloid fibrils in vitro, is a universal constituent of amyloid deposits in vivo (1), and contributes to their pathogenesis (2). We have previously proposed (3) that SAP recognizes exposed beta-turns connecting the beta-strands of the cross-beta core structure that is common to all amyloid fibrils, regardless of the native fold of their respective precursor proteins (4). Here we show that SAP binds equally well to ex vivo amyloid fibrils of amyloid A protein (AA), monoclonal light chain (AL) and apolipoprotein A-1 type. and to amyloid fibrils produced in vitro from pure natural or synthetic proteins or peptides, including Alzheimer's disease A beta, transthyretin (TTR), insulin and islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP). Binding was inhibited by amyloid fibrils composed of full length proteins or peptides but not by either the same proteins in native soluble form or by amyloid fibrils composed of shea synthetic peptides, including fragments of TTR and IAPP, that are unlikely to form beta-turns. The experimental evidence for recognition of beta-turns by SAP is supported by our capacity to precisely model the binding, in the calcium dependent ligand binding pocket of SAP, of a beta-turn with an apical aspartate residue.


Better energy efficiency can be acquired by an appropriate shift operation during the regenerative braking process. In this work, an electric vehicle equipped with a two-speed automated transmission was used as the target vehicle. The transmission consists of two-stage planetary gear sets, a helical gear set, and two brakes. A hierarchical algorithm is presented for the electric vehicle. The upper-level algorithm was synthesized to assign braking force among regenerative braking, friction braking, front axle braking, and rear axle braking. Based on the motor external characteristic and ECE-R13 regulations, the work designed the dynamic distribution strategy for maximum use of regenerative braking. In the medium-level algorithm, the motor speed, efficiency characteristics, and assigned regenerative braking torque from upper-level algorithm were used to analyze the optimal shift points for improving regenerative efficiency. Then, a shift points table was drawn. In the lower-level algorithm, the linear control for the transmission was given to ensure seamless and smooth shifting. Finally, hardware-in-loop simulations were carried out. The results show that the proposed algorithm can improve performance in energy efficiency in the experimental braking events.


A planar light source unit having flexibility using a film type light guide plate and a display device using the same are provided to reduce the thickness of the planar light source and supply a light corresponding to the decreased thickness by forming a lens reflecting and emitting light and a planar light source having a thickness thinner than a light source and coupled to the lens to perform planar light emission upon receiving light emitted from the lens. A light source(10) generates and emits light. A lens(20) is coupled to the light source, reflects therein light emitted from the light source, and then emits the light to the outside. A planar light source(30) has a thinner thickness than the light source, is coupled with the lens, and receives light emitted from the lens to perform planar light emission. The planar light source has an end portion inserted into the lens.


In this article, the author analyzes the noise of the hydraulic drive resulted from hole of the hydraulic system by combining theory with practice Measures are also proposed to control the noise


REPORT OF A CASE A 43-year-old man was admitted to the Brooklyn (NY) Veterans Administration Medical Center for workup of anorexia, 18-kg weight loss, anemia, and a rash. His dermatosis had begun two months earlier on his soles, with subsequent spread to his palms, periungual region of multiple nails, groin, lower back, and flexor surface of the lower extremities. Previous treatment with topical steroids and antifungal creams had been unsuccessful. Physical examination revealed markedly hyperkeratotic soles with some pustules (Fig 1). The palms had several discrete, red, scaly papules and pustules. All ten toes and several fingers showed periungual violaceous erythema and scaling (Figs 2 and 3). The involved digits showed hyperkeratosis and dystrophy of the nails. Onycholysis was present along with loss of several nails. There were erythematous, scaly, sharply demarcated plaques on the inner thighs, lower back, and buttocks. Additional physical findings included a 1 × 0.5-cm ulcer