The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of age, sex, hearing loss, static balance, and dynamic balance on the development of mature form in the skill of jumping. Previous research ( 2 ) demonstrated delayed development in jumping by deaf children. For the present study, a cross-sectional correlation design was used to examine the effects of a set of predictor variables (age, sex, hearing loss, static balance, and dynamic balance) on development of jumping. Seventy-five boys and fifty-seven girls between the ages of 3 and 14 yr. participated. Within this group, 125 ( 9 5 % ) had hearing losses of at least 60 dB in the better ear. The remaining 7 children had hearing losses ranging from 30 dB to 55 dB in the better ear and a mean hearing loss of 46 dB. Development of jumping was assessed by the subjects' performance on the Ohio State University Scale of Intragross Motor Assessment ( 4 ) ; while static and dynamic balance mere measured by Items 2 and 7 of Subtest 2 of the Short Form of the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency ( 1 ) . To examine the relationship between predictor variables and development of jumping (Levels 1, 2, 3, 4 of the OSU scales), linear discriminant analysis ( 3 ) was utilized and structure coefficients were interpreted fot the significant discriminant functions. The result for jumping was significant for the first function (Wilks's h = .58, p < .001). To interpret and name the function, structure coefficients were calculated for each of the predictor variables. A structure coefficient is a measure of the extent of relationship between a variable and a funaion. Consequently, as the magnitude of the coefficient approaches 1.00, the function is carrying nearly the same information as the variable. Only structure coefficients having values greater than .30 were interpreted. For the skill of jumping, age ( .81) , dynamic balance ( .71), and static balance (.57) gave meaning to the function. Sex (-.03) and level of hearing loss ( .28) did not affect the development of mature form in this skill. These results suggest that underlying balance deficiencies may need to be corrected when teaching some deaf children to jump.


The present invention relates to an electrical drive device with a magnetic element (14), a magnetic field sensor (15), an electronic control unit (15) and a drive gear (11) fixed for rotation with a drive shaft (13) is attached. In order to provide an electrical drive device which requires little space, has a low weight and can be assembled relatively quickly, the magnetic element (14) on one side of the drive gear (11) is fixed and the magnetic field sensor (14) and the electronic control unit ( 15) provided laterally from the side.


A wireless local loop access network system comprising: (a) at least one base station (13), for radio communication with a plurality of user terminals; and (b) a base station controller (14), the control station (13) and connected to PSTN. The base station controller (14) therein comprises a memory (16) storing user data. For example, the memory (16) storing identification interface protocol between the wireless local loop access network system and the public switched telephone network in a first user identifier for identifying a wireless local loop access network system of radio correspondence between the data signal interface protocol identifier and a second user related to a first and second identifier.


The manuscript covers the most common errors seen in images submitted for publication and suggests some tips to avoid these errors.


First introduced in 2001, Section 156 (5) of the Taiwan Company Law, also called the share exchange mechanism, presents complex issues. The share exchange mechanism involves the fundamental issue in a company law: the conflict of interests between controlling shareholders and minority shareholders. It also engages in the policy debate between the shareholder primacy and the director primacy, the change of control transactions, the role of preemptive rights in protecting shareholders against dilution, and the directors' fiduciary duty in the context of issuing stock. This paper first classifies the share exchange into four models with respect to the motives that directors carry in each particular model. These four models are: Model Ⅰ share exchange involving change of control transactions; Model Ⅱ share exchange as a defensive tactic; Model Ⅲ share exchange with insiders of the company; Model IV share exchange classified as an ordinary business decision. This paper then proposes a comprehensive statutory reform. The purpose of this paper is to reconsider the role of statutes and the judiciary in the matter of stock issuing, and to establish a framework to encourage value-increasing stock issuing while preventing value-decreasing stock issuing.


With the deepening of China's administrative system reform and the rapid acceleration of social transformation, the traditional unified government management model no longer applies to the rapid development of today's social requirements. The situation of multi-subject collaborative governance has begun to take shape. Thanks to this, China's social organizations have also developed rapidly. Taking Xiaojiahe Street in Chengdu as an example, this paper aims to study the current situation of social organizations participating in community governance, and points out that there are some problems in social organizations participating in community governance, such as unclear status of the main body of social organizations governance, inadequate supply capacity of public services, and low participation of residents. Suggestions and countermeasures are put forward. Keywords—social organization; community governance; multiple subjects


Tissue expanders (TEs) are widely used in plastic and reconstructive surgery. 1 - 3 They can be used to induce new skin production in the treatment of burns and previous mastectomy. In these cases, an expandable balloon is positioned under the skin and gradually filled with fluid to facilitate stretching of the overlying skin and its development, necessary to implant a definite mammary prosthesis or for reconstructive purposes. Tissue expanders are also used in total pneumonectomy in which expansion of the contralateral lung can produce a severe dyspnea by compressing the main airways. ATE of the proper size and shape positioned inside the hemithorax compensates the pressure of the contralateral lung and relieves respiratory symptoms. Tissue expanders are composed of a subcutaneous self-sealing filling port in which the serum is injected, and the intrathoracic expander, a balloonlike bag, is connected by a flexible plastic tube. Complications include mechanical failure (port failure or malrotation, expander rupture, and perforation) as well as infections, hematoma, and suture dehiscence.' We describe a case of twisting of the TE port diagnosed by sonography and comment on the usefulness of sonography in detecting this complication.


Using seedling characters, the relationships of 16 taxa of the informal series Ovatae of Eucaiyptus were investigated. The method of multidimensional unfolding proved useful in determining ancestral states of different characters and testing for conformity amongst characters when outgroup comparison was not possible. The analyses included Wagner trees, a branch and bound algorithm (which produced the shortest trees) and an additive similarity tree. Neighbour relationships were examined using a network procedure (TWONET). The results suggested that series Ovatae is a paraphyletic group, although one subgroup, approximately equivalent to subseries Ovatinae, is probably monophyletic. The biogeography and ecology of the taxa support this conclusion. A broader study of section Maidenaria is recommended before taxonomic revision.


The "Lucky Gold Literature" refers to the cause of casting literary works on metal utensils as well as the field of study in this cause. It stems from the late primitive society, reaches it puberty during the two Song Dynasties, prospers in the Qing Dynasty and matures in the modern age. It boasts of a large number of works in poetry and prose. It also furnishes the academic circle with valuable data on ancient China.


Abstract Aim of the study was to investigate the oxidative status during peripartum period in mares fed high amount of dietary α-tocopherol. α-Tocopherol, ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) and reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROMs) levels were measured in blood samples from 17 Thoroughbred mares at three intervals: (1) 20 days before the expected foaling date; (2) 12 h following parturition; (3) 7 days post-partum. The levels of α-tocopherol, d-ROMs and FRAP were retrospectively analysed in relation to the number of insemination services (Ins) after foaling performed per conception. The parameters α-tocopherol and d-ROMs evidenced minimal fluctuations during peripartum period while FRAP levels showed a linear decrease. The α-tocopherol did not show significant variations and was numerically higher in mares >10 years old while FRAP levels were significantly higher in older mares in the post-partum. Mares receiving three natural insemination services showed higher levels of FRAP in the pre-partum period (p = .009) and lower values of α-tocopherol (p = .015) in the postpartum compared to mares receiving one service. No d-ROMs level differences appeared among service classes. Oxidative stress is not present in periparturient mares fed 2.750 IU of supplementary α-tocopherol. Differences in redox metabolism are detectable between young and old mares. Plasma antioxidant potential is higher in older mares particularly in the post-partum period. Highlights Oxidative stress is not present in periparturient mares fed 2.750 IU of supplementary α-tocopherol. Antioxidant potential of plasma is higher in mares older than 10 years compared to younger mares. The increased plasma antioxidant potential seems related to an increase in services per conception.


An approach for supervision of vehicle dynamics is presented which can be used for intelligent vehicle control and state monitoring. In particular, the task is to determine automatically an altered road surface for vehicles (may be due to weather conditions) with possibly lower adhesion between tires and road. Fault detection methods like the parity space approach, which is here presented for a bilinear system, can be used to detect changes in technical processes. These changes indicate different process behaviour in a new operation range. This may be of special importance when the new behaviour is more dangerous for the driver and the passengers of a car. In a further step, suitable classification algorithms were used to detect the actual driving state by processing the residual output.


The enhancement of English writing skills is essential for academic success, and as one form of alternative assessment, peer feedback implementations are utilized to enrich writing instruction process. The advent of Web 2.0 tools has helped writing practitioners utilize various Cloud-based technologies including Google Docs to encourage learners collaborate and exchange comments on their written products. Responding to the frequent calls to conduct further investigations utilizing diverse e-platforms to find out the most effective ones, thereby helping informed practitioner decisions, the current study examined the opinions of preparatory students enrolled in an English Language and Literature Department towards peer collaboration through Google Docs. Overall, computer-supported collaborative writing process created a sense of community and was found welcoming both for feedback provider and receivers who had diverse gains. Yet, the implementation is not without its limitations with personal and technical dimensions. The findings suggest that for a rewarding online peer editing experience, practitioners need to justify their attempts to extend writing instruction and assessment outside school borders, negotiate the e-platform with learners, and train them about how to comment on written products objectively


Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU) is procaryon micro-organism between bacterium and virus.UU is regarded as common pathogen of female genital tract.UU can be disseminated by sexual intercourse.But UU can be detectd in normal female vagina who even have no sexual life or have no any symptom.So not all UU have pathogenicity.If we detect UU,we cannot confirm that UU is parasitism or infestation.That is the problem.By the paradoxical motion of pathogenicity of UU,we found pathogenicity of UU are affected by serotype,density,host,et al.


James March, Martin Schulz, and Xueguang Zhou address the fascinating question of how rules evolve in a complex organization with a unique data set. Stanford University was founded in the decades before the turn of the last century. The authors searched and coded a vast Stanford archive of materials on rules related to student contact, the student honor system, faculty appointment and tenure procedures, faculty governance, and finally rules related to accounting, purchasing, and other administrative functions of a university. They are able to examine questions concerning the external and internal stimulants to rule creation, change, and suspension. No other book equals this one in regard to the breadth of the questions asked and the mode of analysis.


The adhesion of diamond films deposited by microwave plasma-enhanced CVD on various substrates can be quantitatively determined by an indentation method. The friction behaviors of diamond-coated cemented carbides sliding against a brass ring were studied. The wear resistance of the diamond-coated cemented carbide inserts and the commercial inserts with the other ceramic coatings were compared and directly evaluated by turning tests. Effects of the coating conditions, the substrate materials, and the surface pretreatments of the substrate on adhesion, friction, and wear properties are discussed.


Ontology as a branch of philosophy is the science of what is, of the kinds and structures of objects, properties, events, processes and relations in every area of reality. 'Ontology' is often used by philosophers as a synonym for 'metaphysics' (literally: 'what comes after the Physics'), a term which was used by early students of Aristotle to refer to what Aristotle himself called 'first philosophy'. The term 'ontology' (or ontologia) was itself coined in 1613, independently, by two philosophers, Rudolf Göckel (Goclenius), in his Lexicon philosophicum and Jacob Lorhard (Lorhardus), in his Theatrum philosophicum. The first occurrence in English recorded by the OED appears in Bailey's dictionary of 1721, which defines ontology as 'an Account of being in the Abstract'.


We present a shell-model calculation for the $\ensuremath{\beta}$ decay of $^{14}\mathrm{C}$ to the $^{14}\mathrm{N}$ ground state, treating the relevant nuclear states as two $0p$ holes in an $^{16}\mathrm{O}$ core. Employing the universal low-momentum nucleon-nucleon potential ${V}_{\mathrm{low} k}$ only, one finds that the Gamow-Teller matrix element is too large to describe the known (very long) lifetime of $^{14}\mathrm{C}$. As a novel approach to this problem, we invoke the chiral three-nucleon force (3NF) at leading order and derive from it a density-dependent in-medium $\mathit{NN}$ interaction. By including this effective in-medium $\mathit{NN}$ interaction, the Gamow-Teller matrix element vanishes for a nuclear density close to that of saturated nuclear matter, ${\ensuremath{\rho}}_{0}=0.16 {\mathrm{fm}}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$. The genuine short-range part of the three-nucleon interaction plays a particularly important role in this context, since the medium modifications to the pion propagator and pion-nucleon vertex (owing to the long-range 3NF) tend to cancel out in the relevant observable. We discuss also uncertainties related to the off-shell extrapolation of the in-medium $\mathit{NN}$ interaction. Using the off-shell behavior of ${V}_{\mathrm{low} k}$ as a guide, we find that these uncertainties are rather small.


Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) has implemented a computer control system for operation of an FN tandem accelerator. The control software utilized is the Thaumaturgic Automated Control Logic (TACL) written by the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility and co-developed with LLNL. Details of the design philosophy, hardware configuration, control software, and special control algorithms will be presented. 2 refs., 4 figs.


Correspondence Brijesh Kumbhani, Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab, 140001, India. Email: email@example.com Abstract Coordinated Multi-Point (CoMP) transmission in Cloud Radio Access Network (CRAN) requires a large amount of data transmission and processing within a coherence time window. Hence, CoMP transmission puts a lot of burden on the central processor and backhaul unit. Also, establishing CoMP for high-mobility users is challenging due to small coherence window and large beamforming overhead over mm-Wave transmission. This paper proposes a two-layer CRAN architecture with intelligent mm-Wave and micro-Wave allocation. A dual connectivity framework has been introduced to increase the coverage of high-mobility users. Further, it is shown that the proposed scenario reduces the load on the central processor and central back-haul. To avoid unnecessary handoffs, a mobility management algorithm is also proposed, which can provide seamless connectivity to the users irrespective of their velocity. Further, through simulation results, it is shown that the proposed network outperforms the existing CRAN framework.


The first electron back-scattered diffraction Kikuchi patterns and grain orientation maps were captured for pure n-phase (fcc) Ce. The sample preparation technique used for electron back-scattered diffraction orientation mapping of this surface-reactive metal included ion sputtering the surface using a scanning Auger microprobe followed by vacuum transfer of the sample from the scanning Auger microprobe to the scanning electron microscope. The effect of ion sputtering on the microstructure as well as preliminary electron back-scattered diffraction microstructural characterization is presented. Based on the sputtering data, the room-temperature diffusivity of O in n-Ce was estimated.


Severe lost circulation events have been observed from various assets across our global portfolio while drilling and completing through fault damage zones in recent years. Common characteristics of these events include: (1) pressures at which losses occurred in the proximity of fault zones appear to be significantly lower than the estimated lost circulation threshold (or fracture gradient, FG) for tensile failure of the intact formation; (2) most of these lost circulation events are dynamic in nature; (3) the more severe loss events happened when crossing fault damage zones in the more permeable reservoir rocks; and (4) Loss Circulation Material (LCM) have been deployed in attempts to cure these losses with minimal success when drilling resumed. In this paper, we will present a few examples of our more severe fault-related lost circulation events from assets in the North Sea and the South China Sea where LCM had been used with various degrees of success in curing these losses. At first glance through the drilling reports, it appears that LCM deployments had only temporarily cured the losses and the improvements disappeared as soon as drilling resumed. However, closer examinations of real-time and memory pressure-time data reveal that several phenomena somewhat similar to our extensive wellbore strengthening experience from depleted drilling can be made. Our detailed investigations also illustrated some of the potential root causes behind the apparent failure in various LCM deployment techniques in curing losses associated with fault damage zones. Based on these new insights, a pragmatic LCM deployment strategy has been developed in combating future lost circulation events while drilling (and completing) through fault damage zones.

 Lost circulation events due to reactivation of fault damage zones have been observed and reported more frequently in recent years. Prior to these sudden loss events when the well intersected the fault damage zones, drilling through the intact formation is typically uneventful with steady drilling parameters and Equivalent Circulation Density (or ECD) well within the predicted lost circulation threshold of the intact formation (or Fracture Gradient, FG). As noted by Abd Rahim et al. (2019) and Brem et al. (2019), some of these sudden drops in ECD can be quite significant and the stabilizing pressure can be up to 20 to 30% below the FG of intact formation. While the losses can be quite severe (above 200 to 300 barrels per hour, bbl/hr), they are typically dynamic in nature (i.e., the well is static when pumps are off). Based on additional observations from our global portfolio, Chan et al. (2022) proposed an integrated framework to de-risk fluid loss potential for well planning and fluid design when penetrating faults is unavoidable (Figure 1). While the framework provides a key tool for planning and mitigates the potential impacts of faults presented to drilling and completion operation, the large subsurface uncertainties (e.g., presence of faults, geometry of faults, stress characterizations) can still result in a relatively large range in FG estimates related to faults. An efficient and robust recovery measure should still be in place. Lost circulation material (LCM) pills are typically used to treat losses and most pills are designed against slot tests in attempts to plug up fractures with a given aperture (typically 2000μm to 6000μm's). The design of these LCM pills focus primarily on their de-fluidizing nature, particle sizes and/or inclusion of bridging materials such as fibers. However, our global experience suggested that the results from application of various LCM pills against fault-related losses are mixed at best. In other words, losses appear to be cured but resumed as soon as drilling started. In this paper, we will present some of our key observations from a detailed review on the effectiveness of LCM treatments against fault-induced losses based on a few more severe lost circulation events in the North Sea and the South China Sea. These new insights provided the basis to update our LCM deployment strategy and also feedback to our de-risking framework via the dynamic considerations (figure 1) in planning and combating future lost events while drilling through fault damage zones.


The dual-side control (DSC) of inductive power transfer (IPT) generally requires communication between the system sides to coordinate the local controllers. For the reduction of component count and operation in challenging environments, such as underwater, communicationless DSC is beneficial. This article investigates if and how asymmetric modulations, known for their improved performance in IPT, can be applied to phase cooperative communicationless DSC. A per side separate steady-state model is derived, and the selection criteria for modulation schemes to be suitable for phase cooperative control are determined. The crucial importance of bijective or unique phase behavior in modulations for this control scheme is identified and demonstrated. In comparison with phase modulation, it is shown that the asymmetric voltage cancelation of full-bridges is not reliably applicable to phase cooperative DSC, but the asymmetrical modulation of half-bridges is. Therefore, a phase cooperative half-bridge DSC system as a simplified low-complexity DSC scheme is further investigated, and the load step regulation boundary is derived. Analysis is verified in experiment and simulation, demonstrating zero-voltage-switching behavior, dynamic load step regulation, the impact of harmonics on magnetics losses for high coupling, and the impact of variable voltage ratio.


Composite Higgs loop effects in the top mode standard model are discussed by using the Miransky-Tanabashi-Yamawaki (MTY) approach based on the Schwinger-Dyson equation. The top mass is obtained as 179 GeV for the Planck scale cutoff (A::::, 10 19 GeV). This result is different from that of the Bardeen-Hill-Lindner (BHL) approach based on the renormalization group equation (RGE), with QCD plus Higgs loop effects included (mt ::::' 205 GeV). Detailed comparison of the MTY approach with the BHL approach is made. We derive the "RGE" from the Pagels-Stokar formula by considering the infrared mass as the "renormalization point" . Then, it is found that the MTY approach including the composite Higgs loop effects is only partially equivalent to the BHL approach with QCD plus Higgs loop effects. The difference essentially results from the treatment of the composite Higgs propagator, or more precisely, of Zi/. Our results can be summarized as mt (Ours) ::::' 1/V2mt (MTY),


Surge protective devices (SPDs) are installed at the boundaries of lightning protection zones to damp the surges to the protection level of the SPD. If the circuit between the SPD and the apparatus to be protected is too long, the propagation of the surges leads to oscillation phenomenon. In this case, the overvoltage can be increased at the apparatus terminals. The increase is taken into account by an enhancement factor which gives the ratio of the maximum overvoltage at the apparatus terminals to the SPD protective level. According to IEC 62305-4, the maximum enhancement factor is considered to be equal to two in the worst case of the open-circuit condition. The objective of this paper is to check this relation for equipment connected to low-voltage (LV) power systems. The LV power system is considered as a TN-S system with different routings in three- and six-story buildings. The terminals of apparatus are substituted by a variety of different loads. All Maxwell's equations are solved by the method of moments and the voltage is calculated at the apparatus terminals. The SPD itself is simulated by a voltage source at the ground floor of the building. The results reveal that the voltage at the apparatus terminals may overshoot the SPD protection level by a factor of 3.


1. Almost all of small seeds set on the tetraplold radish in the free pollination of 2x- and x-pollen grains were found cytologically to be triploid hybrids.2. The triploid hybrid showed a variation of chromosome configuration at meiosis from 9III to 3III+6II+6I, with 6III+3II+3I as the mode. The frequency of appearance of univalents is 25.7% at metaphase I of PMC-s. About half of lagging univalents at anaphase I divided longitudinally and their halves went to opposite daughter nuclei. The elimination of univalents at telophase II was found to be about 15.4% of the theoretical total number of univalents.3. It is especially noted that triploid plants have unexpectedly high percentage of good pollen grains and of set seeds, that is 72.3% of normal pollen grains and 1.87 seeds per capsule as compared with 98.0% of normal pollen grains and 3.50 seeds per capsule in the diploid variety.


The background of this study was the importance of the role of spirituality for students as the young generation. Nowadays, students experience academic stress, reducing academic achievement, reducing motivation, and increasing the risk of dropping out of school. This study was conducted to obtain an overview of the influence of mindfulness and Buddhist religious rituals on students' spirituality. The sample for this study was 106 students at STAB Maitreyawira Pekanbaru, which consisted of 3 batches, namely 2020, 2019, and 2018 batches. The data collection instrument was a closed questionnaire. This study was done quantitatively and analyzed by Pearson correlation test and multiple regression analysis. The results of data analysis showed that the higher the awareness and the higher the Buddhist religious rituals, the higher the spirituality of students at STAB Maitreyawira Pekanbaru and vice versa. This study concluded that students' spirituality could be improved through increased mindfulness and Buddhist religious rituals, either individually (alone) or jointly (together).


Patients with Down's syndrome and shunt lesions have an increased risk (10 times) for developing pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH). Underlying pathogenesis is often multifactorial (altered pulmonary vascular structure, unfavourable anatomic characteristics of both upper and lower airway, respiratory comorbidity, angiogenic genetic factors related to chromosome 21) leading to the high risk for PAH during infancy. Typically, early repair of the particular lesion in the first 4–6 months is necessary to prevent patients from severe pulmonary vascular disease with persisting PAH. The case described by Arvanitaki et al. reports a 3-year-old patient with Down syndrome and an unrepaired large perimembranous ventricular septal defect, a large persistent ductus arteriosus, and an atrial septal defect. Interestingly, haemodynamic assessment with acute vasodilator testing suggested operability and after thorough multidisciplinary team discussion, the patient underwent successful surgical repair. As pointed out by the authors, with the rising immigration from developing countries, more patients with unrepaired or a late diagnosis of congenital heart lesions are presented to our hospitals and clinics. Their treatment is often difficult and in particular large shunt lesions are a therapeutic challenge. The decision for permanent closure of the shunt lesion is often not easy and should be made with caution. A standardized and thorough preoperative and multidisciplinary workup is a key factor which is nicely presented by the authors. It is remarkable that the presented patient did not show clinical signs of PAH after surgical repair. However, it is known that even those who undergo successful repair of congenital heart disease can develop PAH later in life with poorer outcome than patients with Eisenmenger syndrome. Latus et al. have even shown a worse response to acute vasodilator testing in PAH patients with operated congenital heart disease compared to patients with idiopathic PAH. They speculated that the significantly impaired pulmonary vasoreactivity in operated congenital heart disease patients might negatively impact on the long-term outcome and suggested that these patients should be treated with a targeted drug therapy similar to patients with idiopathic PAH. The authors of the present case report discussed this nicely and recommended a regular long-term follow-up which we believe should be lifelong. As acknowledged by the authors, assessment of the reversibility of PAH plays a major role for the management of patients with congenital heart disease and large shunt lesions. The current decision process is largely based on the clinical findings and haemodynamic results from heart catheterization and leaves a grey zone in some patients. However, beside data from cardiac catheterization and vasodilator testing, other indices such as biomarkers, genetic variants, and vascular stiffness markers (distensibility, compliance) could be important for the detection of irreversible pulmonary vascular disease. Although they are typically not part of the routine investigations at this stage, they might help improve the decision-making process in future. In summary, Arvanitaki et al. deserve credit for their report which not only present a rare case but also excellently demonstrates and discusses the decision-making and treatment process in patients with a late presentation of large shunt lesions.


(Here, N is Avogadro's number, .P and . P the distortion and electronic polarizations, k is Boltzmann's constant, and T the absolute temperature.) A number of such situations have been noted before,,-4 and possible sources of a third relationship examined. The present communication concerns diphenyl, and illustrates the usefulness of measurements of diamagnetic anisotropies in problems of the above type. For this hydrocarbon a molar Kerr constant of 40.5 x 10-I, a t infinite dilution in carbon tetrachloride a t 25' has been r e ~ o r d e d ; ~ the electronic polarization is 49.5 C . C . ~ and the distortion polarization is 52.0, 0 . 0 . ~ From (1) and (2) we obtain:


Till date Nigeria still carries the highest burden of malaria globally. The sustenance of the disease in the country could be due to the fact that there
are asymptomatic individuals that act as reservoir host. This study determined the prevalence of asymptomatic malaria in Aguleri community
during the low transmission season. Random sampling technique was applied in this study. This study was carried out during early January which
was during the dry season. All individuals of both sexes, residing in the study location who presented themselves were consented and included in
the study. Venous blood was collected in EDTA bottles after administration of informed consent. Rapid Diagnostic test (RDT) and malaria
microscopy was done on the samples collected. Thick and thin lms were prepared on the same slide and stained with 3% Giemsa working solution.
The study included 195 participants which consisted a total of 105(54.1%) males and 89 (45.9%) females from community who consented to the
study. The malaria prevalence for the study was 9.8%. Microscopy prevalence among different age groups included 0-5 years, 2(10.5%); >5-10
years, 9(47.4%); >10-15, 7(36.8%); >15-20 years, 0(0%), >20 years, 1 (5.3%). Infected individuals were all single species infection of
Plasmodium falciparum alone with parasitaemia ranging from 63 – 13,084 with a gross mean parasite density (GMPD) of 953. The stages of the
parasite found were 4(21.1%) for gametocytes only, 14(73.7%) for trophozoites only and 1(5.3%) for throphozoites and gametocyte stages. This
study conrms asymptomatic malaria cases even during low transmission period in Aguleri comunity, Anambra state


ABSTRACT This paper presents a newly developed compressive sensing (CS), maximum likelihood (ML), and rule-based method for classification of power quality disturbances (PQDs). The first PQD signals are sampled using compressive sampling method and reduced PQD signal dimensionally, and then the data are directly used as features for the classification. PQD signals are divided into two groups: at first, impulsive, oscillatory, harmonics notch, flicker and DC offset, and the second, sag, swell, and interruption. Compressive sensing maximum likelihood (CSML) classifier is used for the classification of the first group and the rule-based method is used for the classification of the second group. CSML classifier and the rule-based method are tested utilizing 1000 PQD events under noiseless and noisy environment. About 100% correct classification rate is achieved without noise and 99.8% correct classification result is obtained with noise. In both methods, noise was considered from 20 to 40 dB. Results show that the proposed CS and ML algorithms and rule-based method can be efficiently used for PQD classification.


Government surveys often accept reports from proxy respondents. For example, the Current Population Survey (CPS), used to measure unemployment, uses proxy information about the employment status of other household members. The Consumer Expenditure Program, which provides the cost weights in the Consumer Price Index, accepts proxy reports about the expenditures of other family members. Because many govemment surveys rely on proxy reporting, the accuracy of important estimates from Federal surveys often depend on how much information family members communicate to one another. Recent work by Tanur (1990) on the problems of proxy reporting in the Current Population Survey (CPS), particularly with respect to the activities of young adults, has led to an interest at the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) in the pattems of communications within families. It is neither reasonable to expect nor practical to seek individual reports from each family member in every household. Some members cannot be contacted, others would refuse, and all of these individual reports would require a much greater expenditure of resources, especially interviewer time. Instead, it might be wise to find some method for estimating the accuracy of proxy responses from specific households. Interviews with every family member would only be attempted in those households with a very low probability of act~urate proxy knowledge. Even if this information were not used to screen families, it would provide a means of evaluating the quality of survey estimates. In order to explore the possibility of collecting such information, BLS contracted with Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) to conduct an experimental study of the level of proxy knowledge and the communication pattems within selected households conceming the employment history and expenditures of individual members. The project is called the Intrahousehold Communications Study (IHCS). Miller and Tucker (1993) developed a typology of family cohesion using data from the IHCS, and examined the relationships between cohesion and family characteristics. This paper uses the typology of cohesion, as well as information about the family characteristics, to better understand the causal process leading to proxy knowledge about expenditures. No attempt will be made to explain the creation of the cohesion measure. For a detailed account of the creation of the cohesion measure refer to Miller and Tucker (1993).


Effects of treating early rice straw returning to field with two types of decomposition accelerant,Fuganling and straw-decomposition microbe,on yield formation of late rice were studied in double cropping rice field in Changsha,Hunan.The results showed the decomposition accelerant treated early rice straw had significant promoting effect on rice yield by promoting tillering and differentiation of spike and increasing leaf area thus enhancing effective-panicle number,grain number per panicle and ratio of grain number to leaf area and dry matter accumulation correspondingly,and the yield of late rice increased 8%-12%.Compared to Fuganling treatment,effective panicle number,grain number per panicle,leaf area index(LAI) at booting stage,yield and output percent of dry matter in stem and sheath(OPDS) in treatment applied straw-decomposition microbe were increased by 1.7%,1.5%,4.3%,3.9% and 17.45% respectively,and the differences in LAI at booting stage and OPDS between the two treatments were significant.


There is a growing demand for liquid oxygen. In order to reduce the cost of its production in an air separation unit (ASU) of medium productivity a two-shaft expander-compressor unit (ECU) is proposed to use. To increase its effectiveness in ECU a turbo reducer  is used which reduces the rotation frequency of the compressor stage (CS) up to its optimal value comparatively to the rotation frequency of the expander stage (ES). The results of a modal and structural optimization of ASU and ECU used in it have been presented. As a result, the specific energy consumption for the production of liquid oxygen can be reduced from 1,17 to 1,06 kWh/kg compared to the basic ASU. 3D-models of CS and ES  impellers forming part of the two-shaft ECU have been presented.


Methods: From a consecutive case series of 1283 patients who underwent arthroscopic ACL reconstruction between January 1997 and May 2008, we report on 3 patients (0.23%) with postoperative septic arthritis. All patients had acute infection (≤2 weeks), bacterial cultures showed Staphylococcus species in two patients, while the bacterial culture was negative in the third. All of them underwent immediate arthroscopic debridement and lavage with continuous irrigation, as well as antibiotic treatment. The results were evaluated with physical and radiographic examination, functional testing, KT-2000, Lysholm and Tegner scales.


This thesis introduces briefly physical processes operating in the ISM around massive stars and focuses on the impact strong stellar feedback has in creating large-scale structures in a galaxy. Stellar feedback is ubiquitous in star forming galaxies and its effect on the ISM depends strongly on the energy output from the most massive stars (M≥7 M ) and the properties of the surrounding gas. Starburst galaxies are among the most active in producing large amount of massive star clusters with stellar populations up to thousands of massive stars. In the first 4 Myr of the star clusters evolution, radiative feedback of the most massive stars (M≥30 M ) are at work. Large amount of ionizing photons are released to the ambient medium while radiative pressure compress the surrounding gas. At the same time their stellar winds inject continuously mechanical energy and momentum in their surrounding. This mechanical feedback is then at later ages, until ∼ 40 Myrs, maintained by supernova explosions from the less massive stars. Strong stellar feedback tends to develop large-scale structures such as bubbles, loops, filaments and outflows. These are transient structures and can be seen as imprints of how the released energy is clearing or has cleared paths in the ISM. Strong stellar feedback can have devastating consequences in dwarf galaxies due to their shallow gravitational potential. It can accelerate outflows with velocities larger than their escape velocities. In this way, dwarf galaxies can lose a large fraction of their gas mass, which will be crucial in their subsequent evolution. On the other hand, galactic winds might be responsible to create holes in the ISM, allowing the easily-absorbed ionizing photons (Lyman continuum photons, LyC) to escape the galaxy. Studies on a few LyC leaking galaxies have shown that this mechanisms might have preference from a density-bound scenario, which takes place in galaxies with a highly ionized halo. In my paper I used deep MUSE observations to analyse the impact strong stellar feedback has in the starburst and Lyman continuum emitting galaxy: Haro 11. The paper presents three emission line diagnostics aiming to analyse the condition of the warm ionized gas in this galaxy, which are the Hα emission, the level of ionization in gas and the presence of fast shocks. These diagnostics are presented in maps of 50 kms−1 bins in a velocity range from -400 to 350 kms−1. Haro 11 shows a violent ISM whose warm ionized gas is almost completely shaped by effect of stellar feedback from the most massive star forming regions in the centre. Arcs, shells, outflows paths and galactic scale ionizing cones are imprinted in ISM of Haro 11. Our analysis suggests the presence of a kpc-scale superbubble which might have created galactic holes in the ISM. Beside of that, Haro 11 shows a highly ionized halo. Both mechanisms appear to facilitate the escape of LyC in this galaxy. Finally the paper presents estimates of the gas mass fraction that could escape the gravitational potential of the galaxy.


Ultrafine particles (Dp < 100 nm) are suspected to have considerably stronger impacts on human health in recent studies, and the coal-fired power plants are one of the major anthropogenic sources of the ultrafine particles. In order to characterize the ultrafine particles emitted from power plants, comprehensive field research on the number size distribution for boilers with and without low NOx burners (LNBs) was conducted online in a pulverized coal-fired power plant in China. With the use of an engine exhaust particle sizer (EEPS) and an aerodynamic particle sizer (APS), the lower limit of particles measured is extended to 5.6 nm. The particle number concentrations decrease with increasing size, and the nucleation mode particles are dominant in the number concentration. Additionally, the size distributions for boilers with or without LNBs are compared. Results show that the concentrations of ultrafine particles are notably higher for the boiler with LNBs than those for the boiler without LNBs. In additi...


Despite the prevalence of the National Do Not Call Registry, telemarketing still plagues millions of Americans. "Rachel" from "Cardholder Services" has a constant presence in American homes. Inevitably, "Rachel," a theoretical representative from "Cardholder Services" or a "government agency," will call families with a prerecorded telemarketing message just as a family is sitting down to dinner. Some consumers attempt to report these "robocalls," but the callers are persistent. Even if a phone number is on the Do Not Call Registry, Rachel and Ann keep calling back, night after night. Because "Cardholder Services" or another similar company has spoofed, or faked, the number, the calls are hard to trace and even harder to stop. The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Chairman Jon Leibowitz claimed, "[a]t the FTC, Rachel from Cardholder Services is public enemy number one." Although


Objective To investigate the skinfold growth and the thickness changes with aging in Chinese Dong ethnic group in Guangxi province.Methods The skinfold thickness in four locations of the adults from Chinese Dong ethnic group in Guangxi province were measured and the changing characteristics with aging were also analyzed.Results The female subcutaneous fat was thicker than that in male,the subcutaneous fat in soma was thicker than that in the extremities.The male skinfold thickness grew slowly with aging.While the female skinfold reached to a maximum,it would decrease with the aging(P0.01),in comparison of the male and the female,there were statistically significant differences(P0.01).Conclusion The skinfold thickness of Chinese Dong ethnic group in Guangxi province has a wavy change,it is thinner than that in Chinese BuYi ethnic group and thicker than those in WuZhiBieKe group and DaWoEr group,respectively.


Quality is the soul and life of the periodicals,which is the premise and guarantee of basing periodicals upon the market and participating in the competition and obtaining further development.The Department of Journals of Huazhong Agricultural University attaches much importance on the academic quality,the editing quality,exerts the superiority of periodical community and tries to improve the quality of periodicals.The practice shows that the measurements above have obtained certain results.


Much evidence has been adduced to support the view, originally proposed by Kraepelin, that mania increases creativity Examples of supporting evidence are findings of similarity in thought between creative persons and manic-depressives and high creativity in normal relatives of manic-depressives However, such data are correlational and are therefore equivocal concerning the hypothesis that mania is a cause of increased creativity The present study analyzed the relationship between mood and productivity in the career of composer Robert Schumann, who has been diagnosed as bipolar Schumann's positive mood was related to increased quantity of his work but not to increased quality, indicating that mania did not increase creativity of thought processes


Systems integration (SI) has revolutionized and i mproved the way we use computers and conduct business. Companies are increasingl y employing systems integration methodologies and approaches to design products, services and technolog y. This paper notes the trend away from conventional s ystems development and details systems integration approache s for designing digital textile printing processes. The experience, methods and practice of co mputer systems integration suggest models for guiding digital textil e printing technology development toward market acceptance. The development experience of existing digital textile printing devices provides additional useful models. This paper reviews the development models of four digital equipment companies, Canon, Seiren, Stork, and Toxot and evaluates their ability to meet market requirements and changing de mand. Drawing on the successful aspects of these models, the author suggests issues to consider in designing a model for integrating digital textile printing s y tems. It considers technological develop ments and market forces which are driving the adoption of digital technology for textiles.


The present invention, by interposing a buffer layer on a low heat resistant support substrate such as a glass substrate to produce a semiconductor substrate fixing the single crystal semiconductor layer. Irradiating the accelerated protons into the semiconductor substrate to form an injury (損傷) region including a large amount of hydrogen. After bonding the single crystal semiconductor substrate and the supporting substrate, heating the semiconductor substrate to separate a single crystal semiconductor substrate at the damaged area. It irradiates a laser beam on a single crystal semiconductor layer separated from the single crystal semiconductor substrate. By melting a single crystal semiconductor layer by irradiation with a laser beam, by recrystallization and recovery of the crystallinity and thereby also planarize the surface of the single crystal semiconductor layer. Was irradiated by the laser beam, it is heated to a temperature that does not melt the single crystal semiconductor layer, thereby improving the life time (life time). A single crystal semiconductor, the strain point, a glass substrate, heat, laser annealing


Based on the mathematic theory and foundation,the reasoning model of OTC intelligence consulting system in the network was built based on the fuzzy,and this reasoning model was analysed and validated by the instance.The keys of affecting the veracity of the fuzzy reasoning were brought forward resting with selecting the subjection function and making certain the fuzzy matrix.


The Design Specifications for Highway Bridges in Japan were revised in March 2002. The most important change regarding seismic design in this revision is the adoption of performance-based design criteria. Although Japan had similar design concepts in the previous specifications, they are systematically arranged in the newly revised specifications. Two levels of design ground motions, which are further classified into three kinds of ground motions, three levels of seismic performance criteria and corresponding limit states are prescribed. A new concept has also been introduced to the provision of design earthquake motion, and a site-specific ground motion can be conditionally employed for design practice.


Approximately 1.4 million single mothers have substantial health problems. Single mothers who have a disabled child are at an additional disadvantage, because these children may require increased time from an adult and are likely to have considerable medical care needs and expenditures. We explore the impact of health on single-mother families as follows. First, we examine the health status of single mothers compared to other women using the March 1989 Current Population Survey. We next estimate the earnings capacity of single mothers-the amount they would earn were they to join the work force on a full-time basis, taking into account their health status and that of their children. For this estimation we use the Survey of Income and Program Participation, and we estimate a tobit two-stage model of hours worked and wages, which allows for a clear, direct representation of the influence of health on hours worked. We then use the results to investigate the percentage of single mothers and their children who would be poor if they had to rely on the earnings capacity of the women. We find that all single-mother families in which the woman is in poor or fair health or has two or more functional disabilities would live below the poverty line. For families with a disabled child, we expect that more than half would live below the poverty line. Finally, we explore the policy implications of our findings, which suggest that labor force participation by itself may not raise a single-mother family above the poverty line. Approximately 1.4 million single mothers have substantial health problems. Even if they were to work full-time, they would be unlikely to earn enough to adequately provide for themselves and their children. Many of these women are not likely to find employment that offers health insurance coverage for themselves or their children. Employment is thus not an option that would provide sufficient resources-in terms of income or insurance-for them to live at or above the poverty line. Those single mothers who have a disabled child are at additional disadvantage. These children may require increased time from an adult and are likely to have considerable medical care needs and expenditures. For these families, employment of the mother may not provide adequate resources in terms of either time available to meet the disabled child's special needs, income, or adequate health insurance. We explore these issues, first examining the health status of …


In this paper, we bring forward a completely perturbed nuclear norm minimization method to tackle a formulation of completely perturbed low-rank matrices recovery. In view of the matrix version of the restricted isometry property (RIP) and the Frobenius-robust rank null space property (FRNSP), this paper extends the investigation to a completely perturbed model taking into consideration not only noise but also perturbation, derives sufficient conditions guaranteeing that low-rank matrices can be robustly and stably reconstructed under the completely perturbed scenario, as well as finally presents an upper bound estimation of recovery error. The upper bound estimation can be described by two terms, one concerning the total noise, and another regarding the best $r$-approximation error. Specially, we not only improve the condition corresponding with RIP, but also ameliorate the upper bound estimation in case the results reduce to the general case. Furthermore, in the case of $\mathcal{E}=0$, the obtaining conditions are optimal.


According to SEBRAE (2009), Small Business Enterprises (SBE) or small companies act as the fundamental link between micro and large companies, often buying products and services from microcompanies and also as being providers for medium and large companies. The automotive workshop, the focus on this study, started its activities in 1969, in Joao Monlevade, a city in the state of Minas Gerais, relying only on one employee, the company was developed over the last few years until reaching the structure of a small company, according to SEBRAE's (2009) framework. The present study aims to perform the cost analysis of the services performed by the supradite company of electrical and mechanical maintenance of small cars. Bearing in mind the difficulty of the company managers in adjusting equivalent values of labor in expected profit margin, the research aims to better understand the activities performed by the organization with the aid of activity-based costing (ABC) by measuring the time spent by its professionals in each activity. The ABC method has as its caracteristic to assists the allocation of direct and indirect costs. Finally, we have as a result of the application of the costing, the times of each activity and the impact that each causes in its cost and consequently in its price charged to the clients.


Carbon-doped InAs samples grown by organometallic vapor phase epitaxy were studied by Raman spectroscopy. A local vibrational mode (LVM) identified at 527cm−1 correlated with carbon concentration from secondary ion mass spectroscopy measurements, and based on LVM trends in other III-Vs, appears to be consistent with substitutional acceptors. On the other hand, an increase in n-type doping is observed with increasing carbon concentration, which suggests that carbon also generates donors, either substitutional point defects, or complexes. An additional LVM at 386cm−1 is present in as-grown samples, and can be eliminated by annealing under nitrogen. This mode is attributed to a carbon-hydrogen complex.


Thermal control tape flown on the Long Duration Exposure Facility (LDEF) experiment A0171 has shown to be effective in protecting epoxy fiberglass composites from atomic oxygen and ultraviolet degradation. The tape adhesive performed well. The aluminum, however, appeared to have become embrittled by the 5.8 years of space radiation exposure.


Problems of improvement of a potato harvester elevator performance are considered. Performance quality is determined by the intensity of the separation of soil and degree of preservation of the tubers. Application of cam rapping device can improve a quality of soil separation in primary elevator as well as in the harvester as a whole.


This paper presents a distributed power supply-demand management method based on negawatt trading including charge or discharge power from energy storage systems. In the negawatt trading, power consumers reduce their own power demand and receive monetary reward from the market operator. In order to derive appropriate electricity incentive prices for consumers and to use energy storage systems in power grids efficiently, we deal with a power adjustment problem using some future power supply information in this paper. We then show a novel market algorithm to solve this problem in a distributed manner through market trading among the market operator and consumers. Finally, we verify the effectiveness of our proposed method with numerical simulation results.


In this manuscript, high gain metasurface antenna is designed using hybrid Atomic orbital search and human mental search optimization algorithm (Hyb-AOSAHMSOA) for IoT applications. Here, the proposed HybAOSA-HMSOA is used to optimize the antenna parameters like radiation efficiency, bandwidth, gain, and return loss. Therefore, the proposed approach has achieved metasurface antenna with high efficiency, and high gain. The simulation of this methodology is done in MATLAB and the performance metrics are analysed. Thus, the proposed approach has attained 23.4%, 20.7% high gain and17.85%, 11.6% lower return loss than the existing methods like design of MS Antenna using genetic algorithm (MSA-GA), and design of MS Antenna using Random Hm Climbing optimization algorithm (MSA-RHCOA) methods respectively.


Platelet-derived growth factor-C (PDGF-C) is known to promote angiogenesis independently of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), although its significance in postnatal angiogenesis
 in vivo
 remains poorly understood.

 We employed murine model of hind limb ischemia and found that expression of PDGF-C and its receptor PDGFR-alpha were markedly up-regulated in ischemic limbs. Treatment with a neutralizing antibody against PDGF-C significantly impaired blood flow recovery and neovascularization after ischemia almost to the same extent as treatment with a VEGF neutralizing antibody. Moreover, PDGF-C- deficient mice showed a reduced blood flow recovery after ischemia compared to wild-type mice, confirming a strong pro-angiogenic activity of PDGF-C.
 Next we injected an expression vector encoding the PDGF-C gene into ischemic limbs. Blood flow recovery and neovascularization after ischemia were significantly improved in the PDGF-C-treated group compared with the control group.
 It has been reported that angiogenic response to ischemia is attenuated in diabetes even after VEGF treatment, although a precise mechanism remains unknown. We hypothesized that PDGF-C might relate to the impaired angiogenesis of diabetes. To test this hypothesis, we created murine model of diabetes by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ). We found that expression levels of PDGF-C at baseline and after ischemia were both significantly lower in limb tissues of diabetic mice than in those of control mice, while expression levels of VEGF and other members of the PDGF family were not changed or even higher in diabetic mice. Unlike in non-diabetic mice, introduction of VEGF gene into ischemic limbs did not improve blood flow recovery in diabetic mice. On the other hand, these changes were effectively reversed by introduction of the PDGF-C gene.

 These results indicate that down-regulation of PDGF-C expression in limb tissues of diabetic mice contribute to impaired angiogenesis and suggest that introduction of PDGF-C would be a novel strategy for therapeutic angiogenesis, especially when VEGF treatment is ineffective, such as in the diabetic state.


This study explores the concept of hemispheric intersection by analyzing language ideologies that have shaped the linguistic construct of the Judeo-Spanish language. Given the abundance of languages that have influenced the overall linguistic strata of Judeo-Spanish over the past five centuries, the primary questions of this study are: (1) what are the hegemonic factors that have been imposed on Judeo-Spanish speaking communities and (2) how are such factors representative of linguistic change within the language? This article, therefore, commences by providing a brief historical development of the Judeo-Spanish language so that readers understand how this language may be considered a language rich in global interaction and construction. In order to address the main questions of this study, I describe a similar phenomenon occurring in three Judeo-Spanish communities worldwide: Israel, Turkey and the United States. I then describe what are to be considered the reasons for linguistic assimilation, language modification and language shift in the context of each setting. Analysis of these dynamics will guide the examination of Judeo-Spanish metalinguistic practices and choices based on the global dwelling of the language and its speaker. I then conclude by reviewing the central elements that are factored into contemporary Judeo-Spanish linguistic constructs and suggest expansion of this research.


Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC) becomes more and more interesting since a huge variety of dyes included. The natural dyes can be used as light-harvesting elements which provide the charge carriers. This contribution research on the possibility of using natural dye Areca catechu from a local Malaysian Palm tree, namely Pinang fruit, extracted by using Acetonitrile as an extracted solvent for DSSC application. This study focuses on the properties of natural dye from Areca catechu, extracted with highly acidic media. Ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier Transforms Infrared (FTIR), and Photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL) have been investigated for characterized dye. The natural dye extracted from Areca catechu has interesting properties due to the high degree of molecule conjugation. This dye is capable of absorbing light quantum, at low and high energies ranging from the infrared to the Ultraviolet (UV) region. The presence of natural dye in Areca catechu crust was reported by both UV-Vis and FTIR. While the intensity of Photoluminescence emissions reported a bandgap of 1.85 eV. Areca catechu as a natural dye for DSSC sensitization, promising to achieve high cell performance, low-cost production, and non-toxicity for future applications in dye-sensitized solar cell devices.


We note that the diffraction cone shrinkage might result from unitarization only, i.e. there is no need to introduce it into an input amplitude ab initio.


Objective To explore the method of permeability for skin protective materials of rocket propellant based on the design and make of sealing container. Methods The propellant mass permeated per minute and per square centimeter was calculated by testing the mass through the sample at the fixed time in the sealing container. Results The method of permeability for skin protective materials against rocket propellant was developed by the mass variation of propellant in the sealing container. The limits of 100μg /(cm2·min) was raised to assess if the material had the protection ability. In the meantime, the reliability of material protection behavior was improved. Conclusion The science of the method developed is confirmed by comparing the permeation performance of protection materials at home and abroad, and the method can be the basis to assess the ability of protection materials.


The properties of two SIS types (1209 and 1105)made in China were measured and the application of the SIS in solvent-base adhesive,hot melt pressure sensitive adhesive for sanitary towel and adhesive tape is also described.


The present invention belongs to the field of nutrition and health foods, particularly relates to a method for making skin smooth and elastic holder having a beverage, a certain amount weighed lemon, papaya, tomato juice, filtered to obtain juice A; re-weighed amount of green tea, aloe vera, grape seed, uniformly mixed to obtain mixture B; a certain proportion, the mixture B was added to boiling water, filtered, and the residue juice, mixed juice to obtain filtrate with the filtrate C; A juice mixed with the filtrate C, was added bee pollen and quantitation of sucrose, mixing, deaeration, sterilization packaging product is obtained. The present invention is a composite effect of several raw materials, can effectively remove free radicals, repair damaged collagen, prevent lipid peroxidation, while promoting metabolism and impurities within the discharge cells, inhibit pigmentation, skin retention smooth and elastic.


This volume explores the various 'labyrinths' of Leibniz's philosophy, that is, hard-to-solve problems in which the human mind becomes entangled. Although the Hanoverian explicitly distinguished two such labyrinths (freedom and continuum), one may notice that in his theory there are more intricate issues the thinker can resolve with the help of the 'Ariadne's thread' – a certain principle to be followed by the reflecting mind. In the perspective of the mazes of theodicy, consciousness and absolute and relative differences, the authors try to unravel issues such as: the etymology of 'theodicée', the concepts of freedom and metaphysical evil, the reception of monadology by Olivier Sacks, the understanding of 'panpsychism', the similarity between jurisprudence and theology, and many others.


This article examines how an American preschool teacher's practice and her views of her practice for children considered at-risk for later academic failure are constrained by her cultural contexts. The research is framed by a cultural psychology and draws on an 18-month ethnographic and interpretive biographic study of Anita, an experienced preschool teacher. Anita emphasized: providing a controlled and predictable environment; helping children succeed in kindergarten; and promoting children's ability to take care of themselves. Her practice and her discussion on her practice reflected European-American cultural beliefs about the independent self. We discuss how these cultural beliefs both enhance and restrict the teacher's views of children from underprivileged families and of their development.


The marine natural product tambjamine E (5) has been found to efficiently bind DNA and carry out DNA cleavage in the presence of Cu(II) and molecular oxygen without addition of an external reducing agent. DNA cleavage studies utilizing supercoiled plasmid DNA showed that the cleavage is inhibited by the enzyme catalase, which lowers solution concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), but not superoxide dismutase (SOD), which converts the superoxide radical (O2•-) into H2O2. The cleavage is also dependent on salt concentration and is not efficiently inhibited by hydroxyl radical scavengers. Evidence from UV−vis spectroscopy and electrospray mass spectrometry indicates that tambjamine E (5) binds Cu(II) to form a dimeric complex with 2:2 stoichiometry. Once bound to Cu(II), the bipyrrole nucleus of 5 is envisioned to reduce Cu(II) → Cu(I), while it is oxidized to a π-radical cation. Evidence in favor of this hypothesis was derived from the finding that generation of the dimeric copper complex of 5 in metha...


19 Adaptation of crops to an increasing range of environmental conditions will be substantial for 20 future plant breeding. EARLY FLOWERING 3 ( ELF3 ) is an important regulator of various 21 physiological and developmental processes and hence may serve to improve plant adaptation. 22 To expand the limited knowledge on barley ELF3 in determining yield formation, we 23 conducted field studies with heterogeneous inbred families (HIFs) derived from selected lines 24


ABSTRACT South Africa is burdened by twin epidemics of HIV and tuberculosis (TB) in which men are less likely than their female counterparts to engage with prevention, treatment and care. In some Cape Flats communities in Cape Town, South Africa, the challenge to men is compounded by high levels of gang violence. This study investigates the role of gang violence as a barrier to men's entry and retention in the HIV/TB care cascade. Data for this study drew from six weeks of participant observation and eleven in-depth interviews in Hanover Park, a largely Coloured township of Cape Town. Key findings concerned men's restricted mobility due to gang violence as a result of conflict over gang territory. Men both inside and outside gangs are affected by this violence, with men in gangs, in most cases, being totally cut off from healthcare services. Men in gangs are a key risk population group for both HIV and TB programming. Community-based interventions that address the effects of violence on health services should be designed for the communities on the Cape Flats. Findings could potentially be extrapolated to other settings affected by gang violence, both within South Africa and abroad.


Abstract A design for the one-zero-hot controller based upon ternary flip-flops is proposed. Since the ternary flip-flops proposed have a binary construction, this one-zero-hot controller is totally compatible with the one-zero-hot controller based on binary flip-flops (Prosser and Wu 1988), but has all the advantages of the one-zero-hot controller based on binary flip-flops, and has much simpler circuits. With fewer redundant states, this one-zero-hot controller is more reliable than the one-zero-hot controller based on binary flip-flops.


Objectives Cilnidipine, an L-/N-type calcium channel blocker (CCB), has unique organ-protective properties due to suppression of hyperactivity in the sympathetic nervous system and renin-angiotensin system (RAS). In this study, we hypothesized that cilnidipine might exert a renoprotective effect by suppressing the RAS. Methods A total of 25 hypertensive patients receiving a RAS inhibitor were randomly assigned to a cilnidipine (n = 12) or amlodipine (n = 13) group. The effects of cilnidipine on proteinuria and angiotensin II–renin feedback were assessed. Results After 6 months of treatment, both systolic and diastolic blood pressures were significantly reduced to a similar extent in both groups. The urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio was significantly lower in the cilnidipine group (p < 0.05) than in the amlodipine group. Amlodipine increased plasma angiotensin I and angiotensin II levels (p < 0.05), whereas cilnidipine did not. Interestingly, the cilnidipine group had a higher ratio of angiotensin-(1–7) (Ang-(1–7)) to angiotensin II in plasma than the amlodipine group (p < 0.05). Conclusions The L-/N-type CCB cilnidipine, but not amlodipine, decreased urinary albumin excretion in hypertensive patients. Cilnidipine also increased the ratio of Ang-(1–7) to angiotensin II in plasma, which might be one factor underlying its beneficial effects.


It PRESENTS A METHOD FOR PROMOTING WOUND HEALING WITH A COMPOSITION CONTAINING PROTEASE nexin-I (PN-I). ARISE compositions comprising PN-I uniformly dispersed THROUGH A pharmacologically acceptable carrier.


Abstract Most of the loads connected to the existing AC distribution system operate with low voltage DC power. Hence, there is a requirement to convert AC into DC power. Often there are many inefficiencies associated with AC to DC power conversion. To enhance the energy conservation, low voltage DC distribution system (LVDCDS) is suggested in this paper. Forty percent of the total power consumed in India is by lighting loads which make use of DC power. LVDCDS is an ideal choice to power lighting loads in residential and commercial buildings. This paper presents a detailed study of four different single stage, interleaved, non-isolated light emitting diode (LED) drivers for lighting load. All the topologies are developed in hardware and tested experimentally with controller implementation to provide a constant power of 70 W to power LED lights in the campus building. The installation cost, payback period, and energy savings for the converters connected to LVDCDS are analyzed and discussed in particular.


A compact planar multiband four-unit multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna system with high isolation is developed. At VSWR ≤ 2.75, the proposed MIMO antenna operates in the frequency range of LTE Band-1, 2, 3, 7, 40 and WLAN 2.4 GHz band. A T-strip and dumbbell shaped slots are studied to mitigate mutual coupling effects. The measured worst case isolation is better that 15.3 dB and envelope correlation coefficient is less than 0.01. The received signals satisfy the equal power gain condition and radiation patterns confirm the pattern diversity to combat multipath fading effects. At 29 dB SNR, the achieved MIMO channel capacity is about 22.2 b/s/Hz. These results infer that the proposed MIMO antenna is an attractive candidate for 4G-LTE mobile phone applications.


The invention discloses a method for preparing a copper-zinc-tin-sulfur-selenium film based on an aqueous solution, and belongs to the technical field of solar battery materials and devices. The method comprises the steps that a chemical bath technology is adopted for depositing stannous sulfide, copper sulphide and zinc sulfide on a substrate plated with a molybdenum electrode in sequence to obtain a precursor film, and then the precursor film is annealed at the sulfur/selenium atmosphere to obtain a copper-zinc-tin-sulfur-selenium film material. The method has the beneficial effects that the preparation technology is simple, no complex device is needed, the preparation cost is low, and ingredients of the copper-zinc-tin-sulfur-selenium film are easy to control.


Through this paper there is an attempt to present the most significant outcomes of a research project designed for Emotional Education in young children with autism spectrum disorders. The role of ICT was essential not only for the design of the project but also for its effectiveness. The sample of the research consisted of 5 participants who unsuccessfully struggled to identify emotional expressions in their everyday life. Their mental age ranged between 5 and 7 years. The program's duration was 10 weeks (October 2014 – December 2015). Two, 30 minutes, sessions were conducted during each week. The assessment included differentiated teaching through drawing emotions, recognizing emotions from photographs, choosing the emotion according to the situation depicted and the use of the open access software Mood Maker. Results depict a clear improvement in children's social skills. Both educators and parents, stated a clear differentiation in children's reactions in specific emotional situations. They were also more capable to understand basic expressions such as crying or laughing. © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of Universal Society for Applied Research.


Usual food consumption patterns and nutrient intakes were estimated by food frequency questionnaire in the urban Wanigela people of Koki in Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea (PNG). This group is characterised by a high prevalence of non‐insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Dietary data were available for 285 subjects, 38% of subjects attending a larger health survey: the study group was considered representative of the Koki population. Mean energy intakes, 11.5 mJ in men and 10.5 mJ in women, were in excess of estimated requirements, especially in women. Fat intake was predominantly saturated and although the percentage contribution was relatively low, the absolute intake was close to the level estimated for individuals consuming the recommended proportion of fat at an energy intake to maintain a healthy weight. Levels of body mass index (BMI), waist/hip ratio (WHR), fasting and 2‐hour glucose and insulin, triglycerides, cholesterol, systolic and dias...


Background: It is necessary to establish therapeutic regimens for patients with nonresectable hepatic metastases of colorectal carcinoma. A new regional chemotherapy regimen was tested in a prospective study in three centers. Patients and Methods: An arterial port system was implanted in 95 patients. From January 1994 to March 1999, intra-arterial treatment was applied via the hepatic artery using 450 mg starch microspheres with 5 million IU recombinant interferon-· 2B, 500 mg/m 2 folinic acid and 600 mg/m 2 5-FU body surface for 5 days with a 14-day interval. Results: The tumor response rate was 70%. Median disease progression was 17 months, median survival 24 months. The subgroup analysis shows a significant advantage (p 50% (14 months). Major toxicity problems were observed in 11%. However, there was no termination of therapy on account of these problems. Conclusion: Intra-arterial chemotherapy with our new regimen was useful in patients with colorectal liver metastases who had only an intrahepatic tumor burden of <50%. Based on the annual rate of cancer-related deaths in Europe and North America, colorectal cancer is the second most frequent cause of death in men and women (1,2). Germany has an incidence of 40,000 - 47,000 new cases per year (3). Fifty percent of these patients have synchronous or metachronous liver metastases (4-6). The only chance for cure is surgery with a 30% 5-year survival rate and a 15% (5- year) recurrence-free survival rate (7). This potentially curative intervention can only be performed in 25% of the patients (8-10). The remaining patients must be considered


Introduction. One of the main factors shaping the health of the working population is occupation conditions. According to official statistics, about a quarter of employees are exposed to production factors that do not meet sanitary standards. Materials and methods. A study of the working conditions and health of workers of the leading professional groups of mining and mechanical engineering enterprises, including an assessment of the occupational doses of noise and vibration, was conducted; morbidity with a temporary disability (TDA), occupational morbidity, clinical and laboratory indicators, including the leading indicators of hemodynamics, integral indicators of the cardiovascular system, the rate of acceleration of ageing, types of adaptive reactions of the body, the analysis of endothelin concentration, the state of the antioxidant status and lipid spectrum, indicators of rheovasography and stimulation electroneuromyography of the extremities, bone-dystrophic changes according to radiography and ultrasound bone sonometry, psychological testing data. Results. The main harmful factors of working conditions of workers of the leading professional groups of mining and machine-building enterprises are noise, vibration (general and local), and the labour process's severity. According to the results of the analysis of the incidence of TDA, diseases of risk at all studied enterprises are the pathology of the respiratory and musculoskeletal systems. The first rank place in the structure of occupational pathology is occupied by vibration disease. An increase in the integral indicators of the cardiovascular system activity, characterizing the tension of adaptive mechanisms in the group of trained workers, was revealed. According to the study, the characteristic early signs of markers of the risk of developing occupational diseases are an increase in the concentration of endothelin and a decrease in the rate of excitation along with the motor and sensory fibres of the peripheral nerves. Conclusion. Based on the results obtained, prevention and rehabilitation programs have been developed, taking into account the calculated probationary doses of noise and vibration, the detected early signs of occupational diseases, aimed at preventing the development of health disorders and restoring damaged functions in workers exposed to physical factors of the production environment.


Introduction: Asthma is a common chronic complex inflammatory airway disorder characterized by variable degrees of recurring symptoms of airflow obstruction and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. The prevalence of symptoms of gastro esophageal reflux among individuals with asthma is substantially higher than in normal population and similarly the prevalence of asthma in individuals with gastro esophageal reflux is also higher than in normal population. Objectives: To identify role of adding proton pump inhibitor to asthma medications of uncontrolled asthmatic children on the level of asthma control. Method: one hundered children with uncontrolled asthma (5 year to 12 years of age), included in our study in the period from october 2014 to june 2016 all of them were regularly followed up in the allergy clinic of alhussien university hospital and devided into to equal groups (study and control) with adding proton pump inhibitor to the study group with asthma medications and follow up the level of asthma control within 3monthes .Results: 28 patient of the 50 study group taken proton pump inhibitor with asthma medications show significant improvement in the level of asthma control and school achievement and the rest is un affected while only 22 of the 50 control group show improvement by usual ashma medicayions without adding proton pump inhibitor while the rest show deterioration of the level of their control Conclusion: we can add proton pump inhibitor with usual ashma medications to children wih difficulty in controlling asthma recommendation: we recommend futher wider studies wih proton pump inhibitor and other anti reflux medications.


Qualification Test Results of a Low Phase Noise Master Oscillator (LNMO) developped in the frame of an ESA ARTES project. After a short overview of the LNMO design, this paper presents the test results of the qualification tests conducted at the end of the development in 2012/2013. The objective was to validate the design of the Low Noise Master Oscillator versus space environment.


Image processing based system have been proposed for size analysis of iron ore pellets in real-time. One such commercial system named as Eye-On-Pellet is introduced by CSIR-IMMT, India which is being used in pelletization industries. Further improvement in this system by using machine learning algorithms is proposed in this paper. Two locations of image capture to derive pellet size information is dealt in this work. Eye-On-Pellet system captures the pellet size information from the disc discharge point which uses traditional image processing algorithms. In addition to this, a new approach is proposed where the image of pellets inside the disc can be used to qualitatively know if the size is small, big or normal using convolutional neural network.


In this paper, we draw on evidence from a case study to explore how to enable organizational creativity within a centralised information system. We argue that, even if the project leaders were seeking to enable organizational creativity using a centralized system they overlooked organizational climate factors. To understand these issues, we used the componential creativity theory to explain the influence of creativity encouragements, resources and management practice) toward organizational creativity. We conclude by suggesting that the case described might be an example of the actions to avoid when an organization wants to enable its creativity within a centralized


The present study was an attempt to investigate the potential advantage of using picture books to help young children's English acquisition by examining the corpora in the 65 storybooks read to a group of EFL children in Wang & Lee (2007). Our analysis included five categories: (a) total number of word tokens, (b) total number of headwords, (c) parts of speech, (d) theme related word usage, and (e) frequency of word recurrence in the stories. The results of this corpus analysis were compared with the vocabulary provided by three representative textbook series used in the Taipei area. The results show that children listening to the 65 books obtained vocabulary input that was far larger than that provided by any textbook series used in public schools, with more overall words and more different headwords. More content words (nouns, adjectives, and verbs) recycled three or more times within the 65 books than in the text series designed for the six elementary years. Also, the number of words that appeared in the books with a common theme was about two thirds of the vocabulary requirement set by the Ministry of Education. These results explain Wang & Lee's finding that EFL children who hear stories become independent readers after only four years, while most students cannot reach this level after six years of instruction.


In the electric motor industry, applications for electric motors are growing from the effect of 'modernisation', 'electrification' and 'automation'. However, the problem facing electric motor manufacturers are not limited to the technical aspect. One must resolve to build up the support from Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) of application products so as to boost the product capability for competitiveness. This paper proposes an innovative approach to identify the value proposition of an organisation and to formulate a strategy in order to sustain its leading position in the marketplace. The strategy is called technology innovation on Product Integration (PI). This paper explains how an electric motor manufacturer can use the strategy to differentiate its competence from competitors by applying innovation in the use of technology–PI platform that can transform the company from a Tier 2 supplier into a Tier 1.5 supplier or better.


OBJECTIVE The posttranslational regulation of glucokinase (GK) differs in hepatocytes and pancreatic β-cells. We tested the hypothesis that GK mutants that cause maturity-onset diabetes of the young (GK-MODY) show compromised activity and posttranslational regulation in β-cells. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Activity and protein expression of GK-MODY and persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy (PHHI) mutants were studied in β-cell (MIN6) and non–β-cell (H4IIE) models. Binding of GK to phosphofructo-2-kinase, fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase (PFK2/FBPase2) was studied by bimolecular fluorescence complementation in cell-based models. RESULTS Nine of 11 GK-MODY mutants that have minimal effect on enzyme kinetics in vitro showed decreased specific activity relative to wild type when expressed in β-cells. A subset of these were stable in non–β-cells but showed increased inactivation in conditions of oxidative stress and partial reversal of inactivation by dithiothreitol. Unlike the GK-MODY mutants, four of five GK-PHHI mutants had similar specific activity to wild type and Y214C had higher activity than wild type. The GK-binding protein PFK2/FBPase2 protected wild-type GK from oxidative inactivation and the decreased stability of GK-MODY mutants correlated with decreased interaction with PFK2/FBPase2. CONCLUSIONS Several GK-MODY mutants show posttranslational defects in β-cells characterized by increased susceptibility to oxidative stress and/or protein instability. Regulation of GK activity through modulation of thiol status may be a physiological regulatory mechanism for the control of GK activity in β-cells.


Experiments were conducted to determine the relative magnitude of lift and drag on small spheres, similar to soil grains, at different heights in a fluid boundary surface and to determine if these forces are related to movement of soil grains in saltation. Lift on the average was about 75% that of drag when a sphere was at zero height. Lift decreased with height and virtually ceased a short distance above ground. The greater the ground roughness and drag velocity, and therefore the steeper the velocity gradient, the higher lift extended. It is concluded that lift is caused by a steep wind velocity gradient near the ground. Drag on the spheres was generally much greater than lift. Drag increased directly with an increase in wind velocity and was apparently due to direct pressure of the wind against the sphere. It is evident from these experiments that lift alone is too small to cause the saltating grains to rise, as they do, essentially vertically. The predominantly vertical rise apparently is the way the saltating grains rebound from the ground.


The haptic interfaces were developed and applied to freeform surface CAD/CAM systems to improve the user interaction with geometric models. Two types of haptic interfaces were designed; a passive force feedback device and an active force feedback device. Two application systems were developed with these devices; the surface modeling system by the passive force feedback device, and the NC programming system by the active force feedback device. In the surface modeling system, the operator can generate the surface geometry by cutting the virtual clay model. In the NC programming system, the operator can directly teach the NC program by tracing the model with active force feedback device. The structure, control method, simulation software and representation of the geometric model in these systems are discussed. The performance and operating efficiency and accuracy of the systems are experimentally examined.


Hyperphosphorylated tau is an integral part of the neurofibrillary tangles that form within neuronal cell bodies, and tau protein kinase II is reported to play a role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Recently, we reported that tau protein kinase II (cdk5/p20)‐phosphorylated human tau inhibits microtubule assembly, and tau protein kinase II (cdk5/p20) phosphorylation of microtubule‐associated tau results in dissociation of phosphorylated tau from the microtubules and tubulin depolymerization. In the studies reported here, a combination of mass spectrometric techniques was used to study the phosphorylation of human recombinant tau by recombinant tau protein kinase II (cdk5/p20) in vitro. The extent of phosphorylation was determined by measuring the molecular mass of phosphorylated tau using mass spectrometry. Reaction of human recombinant tau with tau protein kinase II (cdk5/p20) resulted in the formation of two major species containing either five or six phosphate groups. The specific amino acid residues phosphorylated were determined by analyzing tryptic peptides by tandem mass spectrometry via either MALDI/TOF post‐source decay or by electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. Based on these experiments, we conclude that tau protein kinase II (cdk5/p20) can phosphorylate human tau at Thr181, Thr205, Thr212, Thr217, Ser396 and Ser404.


The combination of laser diffraction with upstream sampling realized a break-through for the in-and on-line particles size analysis in industrial applications. Today, the combination of representative sampling, dry dispersion, particle size analysis by laser diffraction and integrated feedback of the sample is well accepted in many industrial applications. No more interactions of the user are required, and for standard applications the on-line monitoring of particle sizes became nearly as simple as the rnonitodng of any other process parameter. The increase of inspection interval from 24-hour operation to months has increased user confidence in this technology, and industries with more demanding measurement requirements are seeking to benefit from this performance. This challenge could not be solved with simple scale-ups or scale-do,he. New solutions had to be found for the sampling system, the measuring sensor, the adaptation to the environmental conditions and the processing of fesl growing volume of data.


Materials with asymmetric nanostructures have attracted tremendous research attention due to their unique structural characteristics, excellent physicochemical properties, and promising prospects. However, it is still difficult to design and fabricate bullet‐shaped nanostructure due to its structural complexity. Herein, for the first time, we successfully constructed NIR light‐propelled bullet‐shaped hollow carbon nanomotors (BHCNs) with an open mouth on the bottom of nano‐bullet for the enhanced dye removal, by employing bullet‐shaped silica nanoparticles (B‐SiO2 NPs) as a hard template. BHCNs were formed by the growth of polydopamine (PDA) layer on the heterogeneous surface of B‐SiO2 NPs, followed by the carbonization of PDA and subsequent selective etching of SiO2. The shell thickness of BHCNs was able to be facilely controlled from ≈ 14 to 30 nm by tuning the added amount of dopamine. The combination of streamlined bullet‐shaped nanostructure with good photothermal conversion efficiency of carbon materials facilitated the generation of asymmetric thermal gradient field around itself, thus driving the motion of BHCNs by self‐thermophoresis. Noteworthily, the diffusion coefficient (De) and velocity of BCHNs with shell thickness of 15 nm (BHCNs‐15) reached to 43.8 μm⋅cm−2 and 11.4 μm⋅s−1, respectively, under the illumination of 808 nm NIR laser with the power density of 1.5 W⋅cm−2. The NIR laser propulsion caused BCHNs‐15 to enhance the removal efficiency (53.4% vs. 25.4%) of methylene blue (MB) as a typical dye because the faster velocity could produce the higher micromixing role between carbon adsorbent and MB. Such a smart design of the streamlined nanomotors may provide a promising potential in environmental treatment, biomedical and biosensing applications.


The supported Ni-B/SiO 2 amorphous catalyst prepare d by chemical reduction exhibited the highest catalytic activity and stability in the hydrogenation of acetophenone in comparison with Raney Ni and U-Ni-A cata lysts.The structure of catalyst was characterized by XRD and SEM.


The goal of this paper is to find the conditions for the kernel of the integral operator, under which the integral operator satisfies the correct boundary conditions for the corresponding differential equation.


Author(s): Missakian, Ilona Virginia | Abstract: Thank you to the authors and reviewers for their contributions to the 2020 Journal of Learning through the Arts.


In this paper, the peak finding algorithms corresponding to the Autocorrelation Function (ACF), which are widely exploited for detecting the pitch of voiced signal, are proposed. According to various researchers, it is well known fact that the estimation of fundamental frequency (F0) in speech signal is not only very important task but quite difficult mission. The proposed algorithms, presented in this paper, are implemented by using many characteristics – such as monotonic increasing function of ACF function. Thus, the proposed algorithms may be able to estimate both reliable and correct the fundamental frequency as long as the autocorrelation function of speech signal is accurate. Since the proposed algorithms may reduce the computational complexity it can be applied to the real-time processing. The speech data, is composed of Korean emotion expressed words, is used for evaluation of their performance. The pitches are measured to compare the performance of proposed algorithms. ▸ Keyword: peak finding algorithms, autocorrelation function, fundamental frequency (F0), monotonic increasing function, speech signal


Using sounding data,surface meteorological data and particle size concentration,the planetary boundary layer height( PBLH) was calculated and its change characteristic with particle size concentration were compared. Diurnal and seasonal PBLH variation characteristics are based on Nozaki method which is evaluated by Liu method,daily maximum and minimum PBLH are determined by Holzworth method. Results show that:Nozaki method is valuable for the diurnal and seasonal variation of PBLH though substantially overestimate stable boundary layer which can be compensate by Holzworth method. Daily maximum PBLH occurs during 11: 00( Beijing Time,hereafter the same) to 16:00,and seasonal maximum PBLH is during spring attributing to annual maximum wind speed. PM2. 5,PM1. 0and PM10 mass concentrations are negatively correlated with PBLH for interannual,annual,and seasonal time scale. Content of PM2. 5in PM10,PM1. 0in PM2. 5and PM1. 0in PM10 show notable monthly variations indicating Xi' an city also affects by upwind windy and dusty weather besides local pollution sources.


This is a review of studies from the years 2010 to 2021 on the use of robotics to improve the independent living skills of adolescents and young adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Individuals with ASD experience a wide range of challenges, including difficulties in social functioning, one of the core features of the disorder. Rapid progress in technology during recent years, especially in the field of robotics, offers new possibilities of training and education for individuals with ASD. This review addresses specific research questions on the use of robotics in ASD, related to the characteristics of the participants, skills, settings, technologies, data collection methods, evaluation parameters, intervention outcomes, generalization, maintenance, and research rigor. Social skills were the main target in the interventions for adolescents and young adults with ASD. Most of the studies reviewed used questionnaires, and observation as the data collection methods, and the classroom environment and a controlled research environment were the most common settings. Most of the evaluation parameters included the frequency, duration, and number of specific responses. All the studies in the review reported positive results in independent living skills of young people with ASD, but none had conducted generalization and/or maintenance probes. In terms of research rigor, the studies were generally rated as having adequate strength. Robotics appears to be an intervention that shows potential for the enhancement of independent living skills of adolescents and young adults with ASD. Future research should focus on the improvement of work-related social skills of adolescents and young adults with ASD. Exploration of the generalization and the maintenance of the acquired skills should be part of the study protocol.