Objectives. To investigate the proportion of different genotypes in countryside microregions in southern Brazil, and their association with risk factors. Methods. Cross-sectional study including a convenience sample of patients who tested positive for HCV-RNA and were referred to a regional health center for genotyping, from December 2003 to January 2008. Data were obtained through the National Disease Surveillance Data System, from laboratory registers and from patient charts. Identification of genotypes was carried out using the Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism "in house" technique. Independent associations with genotypes were evaluated in multinomial logistic regression and prevalence rates of genotypes were estimated with modified Poisson regression. Results. The sample consisted of 441 individuals, 41.1 ± 12.0 years old, 56.5% men. Genotype 1 was observed in 41.5% (95% CI 37.9–48.1) of patients, genotype 2 in 19.3% (95% CI 15.0–23.6), and genotype 3 in 39.2% (95% CI 35.6–43.0). HCV genotype was significantly associated with gender and age. Dental procedures were associated with higher proportion of genotype 2 independently of age, education, and patient treatment center. Conclusions. The hepatitis C virus genotype 1 was the most frequent. Genotype 2 was associated with female gender, age, and dental procedure exposition.


The preferential solvation coefficient λ′ has been studied as a function of the molecular weight of the polymers and the composition of the mixed solvents for the following ternary systems: polystyrene/benzene/cyclohexane, poly(2-vinylpyridine)/benzene/cyclohexane, polystyrene/benzene/methanol, polystyrene/carbon tetrachloride/methanol and poly(2-vinylpyridine)/chloroform/ethanol.

It is shown that the extrapolated value λ′∞ for infinite molecular weight better obeys the theoretical expressions established by Read and Pouchly than the value for a finite molecular weight.

When interactions are weak the Read formula can be used, when they are stronger one has to use the formula on Pouchly et al., but all these theories give just a qualitative description of the phenomenon and cannot be used quantitatively in the presence of strong interactions such as hydrogen bonds.


Investigation of the oxidative desulfurization(ODS) process has revealed that the method of using catalyst D061 resin with oxidant(H2O2) can be applied to make a relative high removal of sulfur compounds.The reaction conditions,including temperature,amount of oxidant and reaction time were studied.The best result occurs under mild conditions with respect to room temperature and atmospheric pressure,to remove 74.28% of the totle sulfur content in the presence of H2O2 with n(O)∶n(S)=17.Possible mechanism is also disscussed.


Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease that results in the destruction of supporting periodontal tissues of the teeth, which is primarily initiated by bacterial infection and subsequently modified by anomalous (abnormal, aberrant) host response. As the oxidants and antioxidants are in dynamic equilibrium, any disturbance in one would lead to oxidative Stress. Whenever periodontitis occurs, reactive oxygen species are produced mostly by hyperactive neutrophils that could not be neutralized by antioxidant defense system, cause tissues damage. This tissues damage is mainly characterized by increased lipid peroxidation, DNA damage and protein damage leading to formation of oxidative stress markers. This article focuses on the reactive oxygen species, oxidative stress markers and antioxidant defense system in periodontitis.


By questionnaire,internet,newspaper and telephone,this paper surveys "Rural Bookroom" Project construction in Tibet Autonomous Region and analyzes the existing problem in its implementation.Specific countermeasures are proposed aiming to benefit the future construction.


The object of this communication is to call attention to the frequent mistakes that occur in the terminology of dermatologic literature in this country. Similar mistakes are rare in European medical literature. There are a few simple rules that are helpful in remembering the gender of nouns used in dermatology. Those of the second declension ending in us , such as lupus (genitive singular ending in i), are masculine. Those of the third declension ending in us (genitive singular ending in "is" and containing an added syllable) are neuter. Such are corpus (genitive, corporis) and ulcus (genitive, ulceris.) Corpus luteum is such a well-known combination of words that it could hardly be misspelled, though ulcus durum is at times improperly written ulcus durus or even ulcus dura. Nouns ending in is (such as dermatitis) are almost invariably feminine. Among the rare exceptions may be mentioned a few of dermatologic interest that


In this paper we are going to explain how customer can buy products at most favourable rate. Every customer wants buying products at most favourable cost(rate).And even for International currency transfer also customer needs higher rate. This paper points out how to solve above problems for E-Commerce and fire conversion.


In this paper, we discuss the division of the typical army repair organization's task in wartime, present two distribution models of armored weaponry repairing object, based on repair workload or repair time. Combined with the division of repair time limit of the Russian land force's various repair organizations, we obtain the probability distribution of the repairing objects due to technical failure and battle damage of the typical armored weaponry. It provides us with a new way for the study of battle damage, and it also has a positive function to improve the accuracy of technical support program.


Pericarp anatomy of Fagopyrum was examined on the basis of 12 species and two subspecies to contribute to a better understanding of specific phylogenetic relationships within genus. Examined species have a similar mature pericarp structure, but differences among the species are found with respect to whether or not sclerotic cells are present, and what kind of is the sclerotic cell shape in the exocarp. By the comparisons with pericarp anatomical structures, they are classified into three groups. First clade is composed of F. esculentum, F. esculentum ssp. ancestralis and F. homotropicum; second clade is consisted of F. tataricum, F. tataricum ssp. potanini and F. cymosum; third clade is composed of F. callianthum, F. capillatum, F. gracilipes, F. leptopodum, F. lineare, F. pleioramosum, F. statice and F. urophyllum. The phylogeny based on pericarp characters was considerably consistent with ones proposed by previous authors. It also suggested that pericarp characters are useful information for deduceing phylogenetic relationships within genus Fagopyrum. On the other hand, morphological character evolution indicated that there are two synapomorphies in genus. Therefore, it was suggested that these species having selfing and homostylous characters are evolved from heterostylous and outcrossing species.


Problem statement. At present, the increase in the efficiency of the technology for the production of composite structural elements is associated with high energy costs. In this regard, the implementation of ways to optimize the parameters of the technological process of manufacturing polymer composite materials is of great importance. The purpose of the article is to optimize the modes of impregnation and curing of thermosetting binders and polymer composite materials based on them in combination with the kinetics of gas evolution and control of all stages of the technological process. Results. An energy-saving technology for molding composite structural elements of buildings and structures has been developed, which provides a reduction in the duration of the curing process of polymer materials, depending on the type of binder. The technology makes it possible to control the speed and degree of curing of a thermosetting binder by changing the tangent of the dielectric loss angle and electrical conductivity. Scientific novelty and practical significance. The approach and the electrophysical method for optimizing the modes of impregnation and curing of composite products in combination with the control of all stages of the technological process have been further developed in relation to the elements of composite structures. The permissible values of the curing parameters have been established according to the optimized mode of a number of thermosetting binders: heating rates, isotherm temperatures, and holding time at them. At the same time, the achieved optimal curing times for binders BFOS, LBS-4, ENFB, 5-211B using the new technology is 2.4; 1.8; 3.0; 2.3; 2.0 and 1.2 times less than according to known technologies. The results obtained guarantee the quality of the resulting composite product and are recommended for accelerating the curing process of polymer materials.
Keywords: optimization; technological regime; impregnation; curing; thermosetting binders; gas evolution; stage control


The material model for shape memory alloys was tested and verified by Ansys firstly.Then two nitinol stents′ anti-compression properties were stimulated and tested.The results show that simulations for two nitinol stents conform to those of the experiments,that indicates finite element method(FEM) can be employed in stent testing to some extent.Finally the influence of the stents′ dimension on the stent′s resistance to compression is systematically analyzed.The results show that the stent's radial strength is improved with the increasing of the strut's width or thickness,and their influences are almost equivalent.


As I have stated (p. 90, May, 1885), I had made inquiry of Dr. Anton Dohrn about the existence of the Hessian Fly around Naples, Italy. His kind answer, together with interesting notes by Dr. Paul Mayer, gives the following information. From the two old books quoted by Sir J. Banks (p. 88), Corti is not represented in the library at Naples. Ginnani (Dr. Giuseppe Fatta writes Giannini), Part ii., cap. lx., p. 127-209, gives: "Osservazioni ed esperienze particolari intorno all'infestamente degli insetti." He speaks in this chapter on several flies which attack the grain, among them one which attacks the roots, but his statements do not allow us to decide with certainty whether some of the flies belong to Cecidomyia. Dr. P. Mayer draws my attention to another work which was entirely unknown to me; the copies published are all lithographed: "A. Costa.—Lezioni di Entomologia agraria precedute da un quadro generale della classi del regno animale raccolte ed autografate degli alumni M. Pilato e M. Montanari. Portici R. Scuola Superiore d'Agricoltura 1880, 4to., pg. 528, pl. 9."


PURPOSE: A modified erythropoietin(EPO) polypeptide and a polypeptide for treating are provided to ensure protein stability and improve therapeutic characteristic. CONSTITUTION: A pharmaceutical composition contains a modified polypeptide inside a pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle or an active fragment of the polypeptide. A non-modified polypeptide comprises at least one saccharification site and the saccharification is needed for therapeutic activity of the non-modified polypeptide. At least one modified polypeptide is substituted, inserted and/or deleted in the modified polypeptide comparing to the non-modified polypeptide. The modified polypeptide has enhanced resistance to protein lysis and therapeutic activity without saccharification. The modified polypeptide is cytokine, erythropoietin.


My first meetings with Michael Foot were during the inflationary surge of the 1970s when, as a Treasury official, I occasionally sat in on ministerial meetings. The Secretary of State for Employment was at that time, in effect, the ambassador to Whitehall of the trade unions who, in exchange for giving public support to wage restraint, were consulted across a wide range of government policy. During what was to be Michael's last period of power, his officials were encouraged to adopt a comradely informality: not 'Yes, minister' but 'Yes, Michael'. Denis Healey, the Chancellor, remarked that when the crisis struck in 1976, he was conducting two simultaneous negotiations, one with the IMF, the other with Michael Foot. And we know who won. In his discussions with ministerial colleagues, as in his talks to the Byron Society, Michael seldom followed the protocols: there were the digressions (would he ever get back to the main point?), the pauses in the middle of phrases, the silences that nobody dared to fill and, when someone else was speaking, the occasional disconcerting hmph - was it a contemptuous snort or a way of saying 'good point, I agree'? The expression on Michael's face seldom helped you decide, but the attention had been shifted. Michael's first talk to the Byron Society was billed as an anniversary commemoration of Byron's speech in the House of Lords on the frame breakers bill. If the bill had become law, it would have introduced the death penalty for those handweavers who were smashing the hated frames that were destroying their livelihoods. At the time of Michael's talk, there was much fear of new technology, and we hoped not only for his view on Byron's attitudes to early industrialisation in Nottinghamshire but a comment on the contemporary de-industrialisation. Michael, with no script beyond his usual list of key words, began by describing the Wordsworth-filled life of his father. Every few months, Isaac Foot went to London and came back with several suitcases that he had bought there to bring back books for his collection. They grew, Michael said, 'like erisypelas' on all the walls of the family home. I thought he meant like some kind of ivy, and only later did I understand the boldness of the metaphor for a man troubled by an asthmatic skin condition. His own house was packed with books, old and new. It was only the women, Michael then suddenly declared, who really understood Byron: Lady Melbourne, of course, and Teresa and, among the biographers, Elizabeth Longford, Elma Dangerfield (who had arranged the event) and, above all, Doris Langley Moore, whose many qualities as a writer Michael went through in plentiful detail. I never did find out whether he knew that all three of the women he named were sitting in the front rows - I think not. But from my chairman's seat facing the audience I saw Doris, whose normal expression was a scowl at having to be in the same room with 'that woman', break into a long smile, and soon everyone began to laugh affectionately. That evening we never did get round to the frame breakers, but lasting friendships were made. And so it continued. …


Chaucer's debt to festive culture is by now well documented. Th e eff orts of a number of critics, including Alfred David, Carl Lindahl, John Ganim, and Jon Cook, have done much to reveal the echoes of festive practice and modes of thought found in his work. 1 Most of this scholarship is of course directed at the Canterbury Tales . For example, Laura Kendrick has connected the Tales to "occasions associated with seasonal change," and Arthur Lindley has described the frame narrative itself as a "holiday tale-telling game, a fes-tive activity presided over by a mock-king and leading to a promised feast." 2 However, an interesting and unrecognized allusion to inversion ritual also occurs in one of Chaucer's earlier and ostensibly more formal works, Troilus and Criseyde . 3 Although this reference may seem slight, it carries important repercussions. Not only does it color the conception of love off ered by the romance; it also gives an insight into Chaucer's general view of popular culture at this stage in his career. Th is paper will address these issues in turn. It will fi rst seek to unravel Chaucer's allusion to festivity, pinning down the rituals he evokes, before gauging how such material contributes toward wider patterns of meaning in the poem.


In this article, we consider the relation between such phenomena as supervision and control. The essence of administrative supervision in the sphere of road safety is examined, the goals and objectives of control and supervision in public administration are identified. Particular attention is given to the effectiveness of the regulatory framework from the standpoint of ensuring road safety.


THE GLOBAL CAMPUS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ARKANSAS, on the historic Fayetteville square, hosted the Arkansas Historical Association's seventyfirst annual conference, April 12-14, 2012. Jamie Brandon, station archeologist at the Arkansas Archeological Survey's research station at Southern Arkansas University, served as chair of the Annual Conference Committee and oversaw local arrangements. Carl Carlson-Drexler, station assistant at the same office, served as program chair. Jim Rees and Vince Chadick assisted with local arrangements. Panels this year engaged the theme "A Divided Arkansas." Hoop skirts and top hats abounded at the Thursday evening reception at Headquarters House, generously hosted by the Washington County Historical Society and Special Collections of the University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Libraries. AHA President Laura Miller welcomed guests from both the nineteenth and twenty-first centuries. Friday morning's sessions kicked offwith a welcome by Mayor Lioneld Jordan. Jamie Brandon moderated a session devoted to the ways in which individuals confronted the Civil War in Arkansas. Peggy Lloyd of the Southwest Arkansas Regional Archives told the beginning of the story of Civil War flip-flopper E. W. Gantt. The feisty Solon Borland received plenty of air time through presentations by Steven Teske of the Encyclopedia of Arkansas History and Culture and DeWitt Yingling of Beebe. U.S. Army Command and General StaffCollege's Scott Porter detailed Gen. Joseph O. Shelby's destructive raids through northern Arkansas and southern Missouri in 1864. In the morning's other early panel, Joshua Jenkins of the Department of Arkansas Heritage demonstrated the many resources available for researchers and educators on the Arkansas History Hub collaborative website. Kelly Houston Jones of the University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, sought to complicate familiar understandings of the relationship between geography and slave population in Arkansas to a crowd seeded with loyal Houstons. Independent historian Jo Blatti spoke about the impact of Uncle Tom's Cabin, and the consequent "anti-Tom" literature, on readers in antebellum Arkansas. After this first series of presentations, conference attendees enjoyed a coffee and snack break sponsored by the Shiloh Museum of Ozark History. During the second round of morning sessions, a panel concerning conflicts involving Native Americans began with Thomas DeBlack of Arkansas Tech University's discussion of Cherokee divisions during the Civil War. State Archeologist Ann Early explained tensions between the Cherokees and Osages in Arkansas in the early nineteenth century. Amanda Paige of Little Rock and Tony Rose of the University of Arkansas at Little Rock explored nineteenth-century Arkansans' shifting attitudes toward neighboring Indian Territory. Meanwhile, in a panel titled "Marking the Civil War," S. Charles Bolton, professor emeritus at the University of Arkansas at Little Rock, contrasted reflections on the controversial battle of Poison Spring offered in letters written decades later. Duncan McKinnon and Jason Herrmann of the University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, analyzed the meaning of the spatial layout of Fayetteville's Confederate cemetery. Mark Randall of Arkansas State University told the story of how Civil War veterans on the Arkansas-Missouri line eased back into family and community life after fighting on opposite sides of the war. Conference attendees overcame their differences long enough to enjoy the lunch and business meeting at Fayetteville Town Center. Scott Reynolds Nelson of the College of William and Mary served up a fresh presentation about the interconnection of Civil War logistics and revolutionary methods of food preservation. After lunch, attendees chose between tours of Pea Ridge National Battlefield Park or Prairie Grove Battlefield State Park. Those who took the northern path to Pea Ridge were guided by National Park Service interpreter Virginia Dyer, while William Shea, author of Fields of Blood: The Prairie Grove Campaign, guided the Prairie Grove faction. …


Shale reservoirs are characterized by low porosity and low permeability, and volume fracturing of horizontal wells is a key technology for the benefits development of shale oil resources. The results from laboratory and field tests show that the backflow rate of fracturing fluid is less than 50%, and the storage amount of fracturing fluid after large-scale hydraulic fracturing is positively correlated with the output of single well. The recovery of crude oil is greatly improved by means of shut-in and imbibition, therefore attracting increasing attention from researchers. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in the migration mechanisms and stimulation mechanisms of horizontal well high pressure forced soaking technology in the reservoirs. However, due to the diversity of shale mineral composition and the complexity of crude oil composition, the stimulation mechanism and effect of this technology are not clear in shale reservoir. Therefore, the mechanism of enhanced oil recovery by imbibition and the movable lower limit of imbibition cannot be characterized quantitatively. It is necessary to solve fragmentation research in the full-period fluid transport mechanisms in the follow-up research.


Based on a certain online mall,MVC mode of web representation pattern in software architecture is used to realize an intelligent electronic commerce recommendation system.When customers are shopping,the system can recommend the information which the customers feel interested in.


Commercially important flavor esters of isoamyl alcohol, catalyzed by crude hog pancreas lipase (HPL), were synthesized under solvent-free conditions and in supercritical carbon dioxide. The esters synthesized were isoamyl acetate, isoamyl propionate, isoamyl butyrate, and isoamyl octanoate. Very low yields (3-4%) of isoamyl acetate were obtained, but high yields for the other three esters were obtained under both supercritical and solvent-free conditions. The yields of esters of the even-carbon acids, isoamyl acetate, butyrate, and octanoate, increased with increasing chain length, whereas the yield of isoamyl propionate was higher than that of isoamyl butyrate. The optimum temperature of the reaction was higher under supercritical conditions (45 degreesC) than under solvent-free conditions (35-40 degreesC). The effects of other parameters such as alcohol concentration, water concentration, and enzyme loading were investigated. An increase in the water concentration decreased the conversion significantly in supercritical carbon dioxide but not under solvent-free conditions. The optimum ratio of alcohol to acid was dependent on the extent of inhibition by the acid. Although providing a higher apparent yield by being run in a highly concentrated medium, the overall conversion under solvent-free conditions was lower than that under supercritical conditions for similar enzyme concentrations, indicating that the synthesis of esters in supercritical carbon dioxide might be a viable option.


The PCC pavement built on a large scale in the whole country last century has reached service life basically till now. They need overhauling or renovating. In order to lower costs and resume the demand for every function of use on pavement, more and more practices are to pave the AC pavement on the old PCC pavement. Before the old pavement is added and paved they should be tested and appraised, especially the fast rational appraisal to the surplus intensity of the PCC pavement. And it have important directive significance in the overlay design on the PCC pavement. This paper combine the research project " Research on the Application of the Large Stone Base" and the field project-the reconstruct highway between Jiaozhuo and Boai. The appraisement of old PCC pavement is obtained through the PFWD. And it is comparable with the BB. It is found that there are good relationship between the two kinds of method. So, it is a new method to adopt PFWD to appraise the surplus intensity of old PCC pavement.


Pure phase LiFePO4 and LiFe0.8Mn0.2PO4 were prepared respectively by co-precipitation method,in order to improve the conductance of LiFePO4 material without reducing the specific capacity.XRD results confirmed that the doping of Mn2+ into LiFePO4 didn′t change the olivine orthogonal crystal structure;SEM results showed that the diameter of LiFe0.8Mn0.2PO4 particles was much smaller than that of LiFePO4,which was conductive to the diffusion of Li+ and thus would help to improve its electrochemical activity;through the comparison of electrochemical performance tests for the two materials,it was found that the material of LiFe0.8Mn0.2PO4 had higher discharge capacity and better cycle capability at high rate.


Summary form only given. The growth and study of self-assembled quantum dots in semiconductors commonly occurs in circumstances where a large lattice mismatch between the constituent materials drives the layered system to form a high density of quantum dots (QD) along a well defined plane (e.g. in the InAs/GaAs system). The case of smaller lattice mismatch is also of contemporary interest since the QD formation in this instance proceeds via a different energetic pathway, leading to a potentially wide range in the control of the QD size, shape, and density. Such "tuning" of quantum dots in wide bandgap semiconductors, in turn, is of potential interest in designing submicron scale high efficiency green and blue light emitters.


As a particular type of artificial neural networks, self-organizing maps (SOMs) are trained using an unsupervised, competitive learning to produce a low-dimensional, discretized representation of the input space of the training samples, called a feature map. Such a map retains principle features of the input data. Self-organizing maps are known for its clustering, visualization and classification capabilities. In this brief review paper basic tenets, including motivation, architecture, math description and applications are reviewed.


The objective of this study was to assess the saving of irrigation water through optimum organic fertilizer application. Water-saving technology is of great interest and concern to crop producers in both humid and semi-arid regions of the tropics. The amount of irrigation water used could be substantially reduced by the application of organic fertilizer. Results show that in both tropical humid and semi-arid regions, organic fertilizer application on some of the "thirstiest" cash crops can save irrigation water needed. The net irrigation depth in organic fertilizer-amended soil was substantially raised, thus reducing the number of irrigation applications required. The reduction in number of irrigation applications ranged from 1 to 2 and 1 to 5 in tropical humid and semi-arid regions, respectively. With rainfall, supplementary irrigation was necessary only for rice and cabbage in tropical humid regions, while in semi-arid regions, irrigation constitutes the main source of crop water supply. Without rainfall, the quantity of water saved was estimated to be 15.4% and 14.5% of the total water required in tropical humid and semi-arid regions respectively; while with rainfall, it was 54.7% and 34.9%, respectively. In Chad (a semi-arid region), this accounted for about 1.6% the total Lake Chad annual inflow.


Basketball is the second most popular international sport in the world. Research in the field of sports and games had proved that variables such as anthropometrical variable, Physical fitness variables, Physiological variables, and Performance variables decide the playing ability of an individual. The purpose of the study was to form the predictive factors associated with basketball performance related variables among school players. To achieve the purpose of this study, school senior 28 basketball players (boys) were selected from 04 best schools of Bangalore district. The subjects were representing school tournament. Their age ranged from 14 to 17 years with mean age of 15.5 years. The research scholar reviewed the available scientific literature pertaining to the problem understanding from books, journals, magazines, research papers and also falling into consideration the feasibility of criteria and availability of Anthropometric, Physical & Physiological variables and also Performance related variables. The results of the study revealed that, 1. The anthropometric characteristics had contributed significantly towards the skills of the players. 2. Speed played a significant role in performing performance related skills in the game.


Background: Substances available for vocal cord augmentation procedure have their own advantages and limitations. Autologous fat is accepted to be one of the safest substance for augmentation. Objective: To evaluate the subjective and objective changes in vocal outcome following fat augmentation surgery for phonatory gaps. Materials and Methods: 30 patients with phonatory gap Results: Patients with early stage sulcus, vocal atrophy and vocal cord palsy, with small vocal gap, showed significantly good results after fat augmentation; however, results of patients with sulcus vocalis of grade II and III were not very satisfactory.


Space charge accumulation in extruded DC cable insulation can cause local electric field enhancement. For subsea cables with polymeric or damaged metallic water barriers, water will migrate into the insulation system. As high water content has been found to increase conductivity, absorbed water is expected to affect the transport and accumulation of charge in XLPE. This paper presents results from pulsed electro-acoustic measurements of space charge accumulation in XLPE insulation with low and high water content. The water content in the samples was controlled by a climate chamber, allowing the water content to vary in the range of 5-95 ppm. The measurements were performed at 20, 40 and 60 °C, with an applied DC voltage of 10 kV. The DC voltage was switched off during the measurements. The results show that increased water content at 20 °C leads to formation of positive hetero space charge near the cathode, while for the dry samples homocharge formed at both electrodes. At higher temperatures, increased water content decreased the magnitude of accumulated charge in the wet samples compared to the dry samples. Both high- and low water content samples showed accumulation of positive charge at both the anode and the cathode. The results could partly be explained by conductivity increasing with increasing water content, but also showed evidence of additional mechanisms occurring.


Abstract Seventy-one patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), most of them (63/71) considered ineligible for conventional allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), were enrolled into a phase II study on reduced intensity myeloablative conditioning with fractionated 8 Gy total body irradiation (TBI) and fludarabine (120 mg/m 2 ). Patients received mobilized peripheral blood stem cells (n=68) or bone marrow (n=3) from siblings (n=39) or unrelated donors (n=32). Thirty-six patients were transplanted in complete remission (CR) and 35 with untreated or refractory disease (non-CR). Median patient age was 51 years (range, 20-66). Sustained engraftment was attained in all evaluable patients. With a median follow-up of 25.9 months (range, 3.7-61.2) in surviving patients, probabilities of overall survival for patients transplanted in CR and non-CR were 81% and 21% at 2 years, respectively. Relapse-free survival rates were 78% and 16%. The cumulative incidence of non-relapse mortality (NRM) in CR patients was 8% at 2 years and beyond, but amounted to 37% at 2 years in non-CR patients. Outcome data in this poor risk population indicate that allogeneic HSCT from related or unrelated donors with 8 Gy TBI/fludarabine conditioning is feasible with low NRM and preserved antileukemic activity in AML patients in first or later CR. From bloodjournal.hematologylibrary.org by guest on June 2, 2013. For personal use only.


The second-order Faddeev-Watson-Lovelace approximation in a modified form is applied to charge transfer from hydrogenlike target atoms by a fully stripped energetic projectile ion. The state-to-state, nlm→nlm, partial transition amplitudes are calculated analytically. The method is specifically applied to the collision of protons with hydrogen atoms, where differential cross sections of different transitions are calculated for incident energies of 2.8 and 5.0 MeV. It is shown that the Thomas peak is present in all transition cross sections. The partial cross sections are then summed and compared with the available forward-angle experimental data, showing good agreement.


The present invention relates to an aromatherapy atomization machine including: an aromatherapy atomizer, an aromatherapy liquid bottle, an air pump, a blowing device, a control circuit board, a housing and a backplane, an aroma nozzle of the aromatherapy atomization machine is provided with a nozzle tube, the nozzle is arranged above the housing, the side wall of the nozzle tube is provided with a hole communicating with a fan cover, the fan cover is in seal connection with an upper plate of the housing, and one side of the fan cover is provided with a fan. The side face of the aromatherapy atomization machine is provided with a blowing hole communicating with the fan cover, so that aroma can be quickly dissipated to the use environment; by arrangement of the control circuit board, the start time of the aromatherapy atomization machine can be controlled according to needs, manual operation can be avoided, the aromatherapy atomization machine is easier to use; the control circuit board is located in an isolation tank for preventing moisture and the aroma to enter a circuit board, and the circuit board is more stable and reliable to work.


Why do languages have such odd and complicated things as negative and positive polarity items? Surely, life would be much easier without them, and to be entirely frank, I have not yet encountered a single such item that I could not do without, if forced to. They appear to be part of the stylistic icing on the linguistic cake, adding color to texts and speech, making our daily conversations not only more complex than they need to be, but perhaps also a bit more fun. The idea that polarity items are primarily rhetorical devices has been put forward by a number of people, starting with Bolinger (e.g. 1972), and culminating in the work of Michael Israel, who has pursued this idea with great vigor in a long series of publications (Israel 1996, 1998a, 2001, 2004, 2008). Other work, with a somewhat different slant, such as Kadmon and Landman's (1993) study of any, also suggests that negative polarity items are primarily intended to add rhetorical spice to a statement ('strengthening'). Much of the work on polarity items has circled around issues of licensing, or triggering as it is often termed. Negative polarity items are licensed in certain environments, such as the scope of negation, and ungrammatical elsewhere, whereas positive polarity items are unwelcome ("anti-licensed" or "anti-triggered") in the scope of (at least) direct negation (cf. Horn 1989, van der Wouden 1994, 1997, Zwarts 1998, Hoeksema 2000, Szabolcsi 2004). Rather less attention has been paid to matters of lexical semantics (what types of expressions, with what kind of lexical semantics, tend to become negative or positive polarity items) and even less to numerous collocation effects that appear to interfere with the licensing of polarity items (but see van der Wouden 1994, 1997, Sailer and Richer 2002). My goal, in this chapter, is to argue that lexical semantics and collocation effects should not be ignored, as they often reveal crucial information about the expressions involved. In particular, I want to make a case for the following claim: The distribution of negative polarity items results from the interplay of lexical meaning with global conditions on the proper use of these items. In addition, I want to argue that some properties of positive and negative polarity items are best understood from the perspective of expression, that is, the mapping from intended meaning to meaningful form. But first let me be a bit more specific about what I mean by global conditions. As a first illustration, let me briefly summarize Kadmon and Landman's (1993) hugely influential analysis of any, without any doubt the world's best-known, and most intensively studied polarity item. According to this analysis, the distribution of any is due to the interaction of its lexical semantics with a global constraint on acceptability. On the lexical semantic level, Kadmon and Landman view any as a domain widener. A combination such as any potato denotes roughly the same thing as a potato, but with a weaker contextual requirement as to what counts as a (relevant) potato, yielding a wider, larger set as the denotation. Hence Any potato will do is a stronger requirement than A potato will do, since it generically quantifies over potatoes of any stripe. If you are just a little bit hungry, a potato might do the trick, but


With the rapid global integration of economic progress, group corporations such as capital as the link through the common wealth's economy continue to optimize the financial management processes and accelerate the management of change, in order to enhance the management performance, thereby enhancing the competitive strength. In this article, we focus on the financial management system's construction in group corporations, and we need to consider the development and the application of the financial management theory in Chinese enterprises. On this basis, we analyze the establishment of financial management system satisfying the future's requirement in group corporations. We will describe the necessity and the main content of financial management system construction under the new market condition.


Disclosed are a knot-tying device and a knot-tying system having the knot-tying device. The knot-tying device comprises a shear knife (18) disposed at a front end of the delivery rod (6). A handle of the shear knife (18) is opened by means of an elastic member, and the handle is pressed by the delivery rod (6) to close and cut a suture. The shear knife (18) is used as a substitute for a cutter in the prior art, and the shear knife (18) is driven to close by means of the delivery rod (6) so as to realize a shearing function. When a suture is cut off by the shear knife (18), the requirements for the sharpness of the blade are greatly reduced, and cutting can be realized by common processing methods, thereby greatly reducing costs while ensuring reliability. In addition, the abrasion on the blade from the suture is reduced, thereby greatly prolonging the service life of the product and being able to realize a suture-cutting function in a faster and better manner after knot-tying.


Recently, SUMO protease plays an important role in the purification of SUMO tag fusion protein expression system .In order to obtain a both cheap and high efficient SUMO protease ,a fusion gene Ulp1p , composed of 6xHis tag and Ulp1(Ubiquitin-like-specific protease 1)'s active fragment(403aa-621aa) was amplified by PCR. Importantly ,the synthesized Ulp1p DNA sequence was designed on the basis of preferred codens of E.coli,so it would help increase the expression of Ulp1p potentially in E.coli.The Ulp1p was then cloned into pET3-c to form a expression plasmid pET-Ulp1p,which was transformed into BL21(DE3) subsequently screened by ampicillin. After induction by IPTG for 4h, the expression of fusion protein, Ulp1p,was detected by 12%SDS-PAGE and Western blotting, The fusion prtein was up to 50.8% of total E.coli protein and expressed as supernatant. The fusion prtein was purified by Ni-NTA Resin chromatography.After passing G-25 to desalt, target protein was 12%SDS-PAGE pure. The catalytic reaction of Ulp1p to SUMO-hEGF(human epidermal growth factor) and GST-SUMO-MT(metallothionein) showed that the recombinant protein Ulp1p displays high specificity and activity. The specific activity of Ulp1p is 1.386 ×104U/mg. Therefore, the high expression, specificity and activity of recombinant Ulp1p indicates the constructed genetic engineering E.coli BL21(DE3)/ pET-Ulp1p can be used for the large scale production of recombinant Sumo Protease Ulp1p.


We reported a case of a kidney annulment and bladder stone secondary a foreign body (ureteral stent). We review all the cases of urinary stone secondary a foreign bodies.


This paper derives the three-dimensional lambda-formula tion equations for a general orthogonal curvilinear coordinate system and provides various block-explicit and block-implicit methods for solving them numerically. Three model problems, characterized by subsonic, supersonic, and transonic flow conditions, are used to assess the reliability and compare the efficiency of the proposed methods.


There is an outstanding characteristic in Japan's new commercial law which went into effect from April 1st 2002: the regulation on limiting directors' liability was newly supplemented. This regulation is named The Limitation on Liability. It is closely connected with the legislation on limiting directors' liability, which was implemented by the states of the America from mid-late 1980s.Although the system between these two countries is greatly different by the effects of social, economic, culture influences, one is clear and definite: In the meantime of strengthening directors' liability on compensation, the negative influences to corporate development by the risk of business should be fully recognized. It is worth of being used for references in our legislation.


The uneven friction of brake disk leads to the brake failure, which frequently results in serious traffic accidents. Based on the excellent wear-resisting properties of locust's non-smooth surface structure, bionic brake disc with special surface micro-structure was designed. Utilizing ANSYS Workbench, the braking time and the stress distribution of both the bionic model and the smooth model during the whole process of brake under different initial velocity were analyzed. Compared to the smooth model, results showed that the braking time and contact stress decrease in a certain extent, indicating brake disc with special surface micro-structure exhibits relatively excellent braking performance and wear resistance. The results provided theories for exploring an optimization the method used to design brake discs with excellent braking performance and wear resistance.


The radiation of a loop antenna embedded in a dissipative medium with complex boundaries is analyzed by a perturbation method and an efficient fast multiple-integration technique. But the perturbation method can not be used directly because there is a finite-length metal cylinder in the vicinity of the loop antenna. The prolate ellipsoid equivalence of the metal cylinder is made, then the cylinder may be removed and the perturbation method is valid. Numerical results indicate that the approach is accurate at low frequencies and stable.


One of the most important political trials of the nineteenth century—the so-called "Second First of March" trial—was held 100 years ago between April 15th and 19th in St. Petersburg. The central figure in the trial was A. I. Ul'ianov, V. I. Lenin's older brother. Fourteen other People's Will [Narodnaia volia] revolutionaries were tried with him.


–Complete soil analysis was carried out taking 5 pedons each of five blocks of district Sidhi during cropping season and after harvesting (for summer and Kharif 2010) to establish the status of nutrients, result so obtained clearly showed that the application of recommended dose of N.P. and K increase the crop yield, application of 100% N.P.K. Substantially improved the available N.P.K. over its initial value there by indicating significant contribution towards sustaining the soil health. On the other hand omission of S and Zn in 100% N.P.K. treatment caused a continuous depletion in soil 'S' status over initial value. A declining trend from its initial value of available 'K' status was also observed as a continuous cropping. This indicates considerable mining of available 'K' from the soil. Hence indicating the need to raise the level of 'K' fertilizer application to meet the demand of crops additions of Zn also indicated considerable increase in crop production. However, the fertility of soil appears to be adversely affected due to the imbalanced use of nutrients i.e. N. P. or N, alone. Thus the balanced use of fertilizers continuously necessary for sustaining soil fertility and productivity of crops. However there is an apprehension that the use of chemical fertilizer over the years might may impair the soil fertility. In continuous cropping, use of imbalanced nutrients through inorg. Fertilizer can not only sustain the desired level of crop production (Tiwari et al. 2002) hence integration of inorganic fertilizer with organic manure will not only sustain the crop production but also will be effective in improving soil health and enhancing the nutrient use efficiency (Verma et al. 2005). As information is lacking on the effect of continuous fertilization and cropping on soil properties and crop production on the soil of Sidhi district of eastern M. P. hence the present study was undertaken.


Italian colonialism has long been neglected in the history of European imperialism and colonialism. As Michel-Rolph Trouillot demonstrated, Italy has silenced its colonial past, and at the same time has operated the discursive strategies of difference and exceptionalism. This essay looks into the process of the normalization of relations between Italy and ex-African colonies, in particular Ethiopia and Libya, since the period of colonization. Of interest is that although Italian colonialism was trivialized as poor imperialism, the eventuality of the defeat in the battle of Adwa in 1896, for example, was overemphasized, not denigrated as a non-event. This trivializing led to exceptionalizing by which the Italian case was considered as both an 'anomaly' and 'paradox' in the context of European imperialism and colonialism. In short, exceptionalizing indicates the vulnerability of Italian colonialism outside Italy, while, in Italy, it means that Italian colonialism is more tolerable and humane than other European countries. Therefore, the Italian colonial past was marginalized and even ignored, and this allowed easier silencing of the past. Particularly, discourses of "good colonizers" or "Italian, good people" contributed to the evasion of responsibility of colonialism. Such exceptionalizing led to trivializing in that the discourses about good colonialism were in sharp contrast with its poor outcomes. In summary, relations between Italy and its African colonies have tended toward normalization.


Image Processing has an important role in automation of visual inspection. In Pharmaceutical industry, drugs are to be produced on massive scale. Now-a-days, medicines have an important role in human life. Many diseases should have required proper medication. These drugs may be broken when manufactured. There may be side-effect of these defected drugs when consumed. So, the manufactured drugs should be properly inspected so that they do not cause any side-effect on human bodies. Hand-operated inspection of these drugs that are manufactured on massive scale takes a lot of time and hence a challenging task. So, this paper proposed an idea to inspect damaged tablets and missing capsules. A novel method is introduced i.e. detection of damaged pharmaceutical drugs with Centre of Mass (COM) edge detection method. This method involves finding edges of tablets by knowing their Centre. The missing capsules in the blister are audited by Color Detection Method. Keywords— Pharmaceutical Drugs, Centre of Mass, Broken tablets, Missing Tablets, Missing Capsules, Histogram-Equalization, Color Detection.


The double-perovskite A$_2$BB'O$_6$ with heavy transition metal ions on the ordered B' sites is an important family of compounds to study the interplay between electron correlation and spin-orbit coupling (SOC). Here we prepared high-quality Sr$_2$MgReO$_6$ powder and single-crystal samples and performed non-resonant and resonant synchrotron x-ray diffraction experiments to investigate its magnetic ground state. By combining the magnetic susceptibility and heat capacity measurements, we conclude that Sr$_2$MgReO$_6$ exhibits a layered antiferromagnetic (AF) order at temperatures below $\sim$ 55 K with a propagation vector q = (001), which contrasts the previously suspected spin glass state. Our works clarify the magnetic order in Sr$_2$MgReO$_6$ and demonstrate it as a candidate system to look for magnetic octupolar orders and exotic spin dynamics.


THE TRADITIONAL curriculums of many schools of public health tlhroughout the world do not reflect the modern precepts of rational decision making and planning. Courses in planning are given in such schools-indeed, students may be exposed to highly sophisticated techniques of cost-benefit analysis, of information gathering and retrieval systems, and of decisioni-making theory. However, curriculum structure itself usually does not include the fundamental concepts that lead to building a health services system. Curriculum structure too often does not include systematic and comprehensive consideration of health needs, demands, or problems. The usual disciplinary approach does not induce the student to think about the relative significances of these health factors or of their interrelationships in an organized manner. Instead, the approach sets forth primarily instruments or tools from disciplines such as epidemiology, biostatistics, social science, public health, and hospital administration. In proceeding with means without considering ends, the disciplinary approach also creates an atmosplhere of fragmentation. Schools of public health were created specifi-


The present invention relate to a removing method of hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide using photosynthetic microalgae, and, more specifically, to a removing method of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and carbon dioxide (CO2) from exhaust gas using iron, a chelating agent and photosynthetic microalgae. According to the present invention, H2S, or H2S and CO2 are able to be continuously removed at the same time, the greenhouse gas emission is decreased by reducing the CO2 content in biogas, and the additional use of the obtained microalgal biomass is possible.


One of the evolving topics in design research is the study of experience as a source of
inspiration for the design of more enjoyable user-product interactions. An issue that escapes these studies is the way in which human experience and a product's contextual information trigger users' understanding of a product's use. This paper introduces research that investigates how people's experience influence their understanding of a product's use.
Findings of this study are translated into design principles that explain: (i) relationships between aspects of human experience and particular aspects of product usability, and (ii) areas of experience in which designers' and users' concepts of product usability show differences and similarities. The application of these design principles to a design process is trialled with a design tool (ECEDT); the trial verifies that these principles can assist the design of user-product interactions during the early stages of the design process.


1 Research Center of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran. 2 Department of Vector Biology and Control, Faculty of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran. 3 Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran. 4 Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran. 5 Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.


transfer of gases across the respiratory membrane is limited by either perfusion or diffusion ([1][1]). This concept is usually explained in terms of whether a gas reaches its partial pressure equilibrium in the pulmonary capillaries. If it does, the gas is considered to be "perfusion limited,"


To measure the knowledge, attitude and perceived practices about antibiotic usage and antibiotic resistance among Para-medical staffs working in a medical college & tertiary care hospital. This is a cross-sectional quantitative questionnaire based study in which four forty one paramedical staffs were given a 25 item pretested self-administered questionnaire. The survey questions focused on key topics related to antibiotic knowledge, attitude and perceived practices pertaining to antibiotic usage. The response rate was 100%. Majority of participants were less than 30 years of age and graduates. They demonstrated good knowledge of antibiotic resistance (82%) and side effects (91%). However, there was general misconception regarding indication of antibiotic treatment with only 17.1% agreeing that antibiotics have no role against viruses. The overall attitude was poor as 66% expected antibiotic prescription for short duration fever and common cold. An alarming 93% anticipated treatment with antibiotics for ear infection in children. Among the participants nurses and pharmacists had 4 times better knowledge about antibiotics as compared to other paramedical staffs. There was no significant association between antibiotic prescription patterns and trust over doctors. Majority of participants' knowledge towards antibiotic resistance and side effects were above par. Still, their attitude and practices concerning usage is poor and outcome based education like frequent CME's and awareness campaign could be an effective approach to bridge the gap between from knowledge to practice.


The resonance properties of the metasurface were obtained using the pseudo-spectral time domain method. The frequency dependence of transmission and absorption of sub-THz waves passed through metasurface have been measured.


Summary The Mesozoic and Tertiary strata of Hawke's Bay include many sequences of vertically graded, banded sediments, some of which are contemporaneous with sequences of massive sediments deposited in nearby localities. The distribution of the thickness of sediments in Central Hawke's Bay, indicates that a trough-like basin existed in the upper Miocene. Into this basin a thick sequence of banded' sediments was deposited, while at the same time a thin sequence of unstratified beds was laid down in the area surrounding the basin. An investigat10n of the grain sizes in the basin revealed a decrease in grain size in a westerly direction. The sediments were brought in from the east, presumably across a bar which is thought to have separated the basin from the open ocean. Kuenen and Migliorini's theory that graded sediments are deposited by turbidity currents cannot be applied satisfactorily. The banded sequences of the upper Miocene and their massive equivalents show that these beds must have developed by a d...


This paper demonstrates application software streaming video courseware production method,based on the example of "masterCAM 9.0".In production,we take into consideration of students utility,limited teaching schedule,good effect and convenient internet spread and so on and compare different schemes with specific purposes.


Prevention, rather than cure, is the rule with the diseases of peanuts. Some beneficial preventive measures are the application of fungicides to seed to prevent seed rot, the use of fungicidal dusts or sprays on grovv^ing plants to prevent leaf spot, and the treatment of soil with chemicals before planting to control nematodes and soil insects. Prevention involves more than the use of chemicals, however. Management practices that promote vigorous growth enable the plants to escape infection or to survive after infection. Outstanding are rotations that include one or two crops of corn, oats, or similar crops before each peanut crop; adequate mineral fertilization; planting on light-textured, well-drained soils; and reduction of mechanical damage by cultivating implements.


Ecological compensation mechanism of watershed is recognized as an effective way to resolve economic development and environmental protection problems of districts in the watershed.However,the determination of criteria for water quality compensation is very complicated and not yet well-solved.One crucial part in addressing compensation criteria problem is the definition of environmental responsibility among districts of the watershed.In an effort to discern the responsibility of individual districts,this paper determines the optimal allocation strategy of emission permits for districts in the watershed through building an emission permit allocation model.To model the allocation of emission permit,this paper establishes a non-linear programming model seeking for optimal economics earnings based on the fairness among the individual districts,by which the optimal emission permits of each districts could be calculated.The paper takes four provinces in Huaihe watershed as a study case.The results indicated that the allocation program is fairer than previous allocation and have reduced a great deal of abatement cost.


The diversity of myostatin gene(MSTN) were detected by PCR amplification and sequencing in 19 Haizi buffaloes.1 128 base pairs existed in 19 samples,and 3 polymorphic sites were observed with only 2 haplotypes.The findings indicated that MSTN gene of Haizi buffalo had a low level of gene diversity.


A pair of punch and die was often fabricated using subtractive manufacturing processes such as milling and other machining processes. However, additive manufacturing could be used to perform the same processes. This study explored this possibility. In particular, this study fabricated a pair of T-shaped punch and die made of AISI316L austenitic stainless steel using an additive manufacturing process called plasma-assisted 3D printing. Accordingly, T-shaped negative and positive 2D patterns were screen-printed onto the mirror-polished surfaces of the substrates made of AISI316L austenitic stainless steel. The printed film worked like a mask to prevent the printed substrate surfaces from nitriding. In order to form a thick nitrided layer, the unprinted substrate surfaces were selectively nitrided at 673 K for 14.4 ks. The un-nitrided segments of the substrates were uniformly removed by sand-blasting that involved shooting silica particles on the substrate's surfaces. As a result, the substrates printed with negative and positive T-shaped patterns were transformed into the punch head and die cavity. In order to see the efficacy of the fabricated punch and die pair, this pair was used for piercing the electrical steel sheets under a controlled clearance. Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) was used to measure surface topography after piercing. In addition, SEM and a 3D profilometer were used to measure the punch and die profiles after piercing. The abovementioned measurement results showed that the fabricated punch and die exhibited highly accurate piercing behavior. Thus, the plasma-assisted 3D printing was useful for punch and die fabrication.


In order to improve the quality of traditional Chinese medicine gingko leaf,the process parameters were optimized on the drying of gingko leaf in the tunnel-type dryer through regression experiment of the second general rotation design,taking the air temperture,wind speed and tunnel length as the experimental factors,and taking the flavanone content of gingko leaf and drying time as the targets.The research indicated:The optimum parameters were as follous: air temperature 63.8 ℃,wind speed 1.5 m/s,tunnel length 3.46 m,.And the flavanone content of gingko leaf is 2.295 g/100 g for 2.65 h drying.


Summary: The present article relied upon interpersonal theory (Sullivan, 1953), the interpersonal circumplex model (Leary, 1957), resource exchange theory (Foa & Foa, 1974), and the meta-constructs of agency and communion (Bakan, 1966; Wiggins, 1991) in the attempt to explicate a theoretical and measurement model of social support. The Support Actions Scale - Circumplex (SAS-C; Trobst, in press) provides a circumplex measure of social support whose psychometric characteristics are comparable to the best circumplexes reported in the literature. Empirical findings using this recent measure are summarized and interpreted with respect to an interpersonal theory perspective.


Long Island Sound (LIS) is a marginally marine urban estuary, with Long Island (NY) as its southern coastline, New York and Connecticut along its northern coast. LIS has a narrow opening to the West (East River), but most exchange with the ocean occurs at its eastern end, resulting in an east-west gradient in salinity. There is also an east-west gradient in indicators of contamination in the surface sediments (e.g., trace metals). Western LIS is close to the main population center (New York City), but also is a focusing region for fine-grained sediments. Since the 1970s, western LIS and to a lesser extent, central LIS, suffer summer hypoxia or even anoxia. We used sediment cores in westernmost and central LIS to document environmental changes over the last millennium, including the time of European settlement, using microfossil, geochemical, sedimentological, and trace element proxies. Sediment ages were determined using metal pollution records and radiometric carbon dating. In the marginal marine environment of LIS, benthic foraminiferal faunas are low-diversity, with slightly higher diversity towards its eastern end. Before European settlement, the assemblages were dominated by Elphidium excavatum (feeding on living diatoms) at shallow depths, where the light penetrates to the bottom (10-15 m). At greater depths, faunas in westernmost LIS were dominated by Elphidium incertum and/or Buccella frigida, by Buccella frigida and/or Eggerella advena over most of LIS. In almost all cores, the absolute abundance of benthic foraminifera and the relative abundance of E. excavatum increased from the early-mid 1800s on. In addition, E. excavatum became common at greater depths, where older faunas had been dominated by the agglutinant E. advena. The faunal changes coincided with an increase in contaminant trace metal concentration, with human population growth in the region, with a marked decrease in salinity in westernmost LIS, and with the beginning of low oxygen conditions as indicated by carbon isotope values in foraminiferal tests. Accumulation rates of organic carbon and nitrogen Anuar io do Inst i tu to de Geociencias UFRJ ISSN 0101-9759 Vol. 29 1 / 2006 p. 573-574


Network security has become a very sensitive and important topic for manufacturers and network operators. In opaque optical networks, fault management deals with detection and isolation of faults based on the alarms received from the network components. In WDM networks, faults are difficult to identify due to the huge quantity of alarms generated because of the high number of channels involved in a single fault. In transparent optical networks, where no O/E/O conversion takes place, detecting and isolating faults becomes even more complex, since the optical signal is not regenerated and, therefore, the information reaching the manager is more limited. We define failure management as the prevention of, detection of, and reaction against failures (faults and attacks). Besides faults (accidental interruptions), optical networks can also be subject to attacks (intentional interruptions which can be performed by service disruption or eavesdropping). The paper presents in detail the techniques and methods of fault management. In addition, it covers the challenges associated with failure management in transparent optical networks.


The aim of this work is evaluation of different management options for patients with morbidly adherent placenta and its effect on pregnancy outcomes to find the best method of management to decrease morbidity and mortality. In this prospective study, there were 42 patients diagnosed as having morbidly adherent placenta previa and hospitalized between January 2019 to February 2020. Different management options performed to patients with morbidly adherent placenta previa were recorded, blood loss was estimated for each patient, operative procedures, maternal and fetal outcome was recorded. The results showed the following: Different methods were tried to preserve the uterus including bilateral uterine artery ligation in 13 (59%) cases, bilateral ovarian artery ligation in 3 (13.6%) cases, bilateral internal iliac artery ligation in 3 (13.6%) cases, intrauterine tamponade in 4 (18.1%) cases and hemostatic sutures in placental bed in 11(50%) cases, while B-lynch suture was not done, while procedures which were performed to control pelvic hemorrhage after hysterectomy included internal iliac artery ligation in 8 (27.5%) cases, pelvic packing in 5 (17.2%) cases and internal iliac balloon inflation to control hemorrhage in 1 (3.4%) case. The postoperative complications were DIC occurred in 2 patients (4.8%), ICU admission occurred in 5 cases (11.9%), two cases required reoperations, one patient (2.4%) had wound infection, Postpartum collapse occurred in 2 case (4.8%). Pulmonary embolism occurred in 1 case (2.4%), Median duration of hospital stay was 4 days (range: 2-25).


Transgenic event BPS-CV127-9 (Cultivance – CV) confers tolerance to imidazolinone herbicides in soybean. It was developed by Basf and Embrapa in Brazil and approved for consumption and cultivation in 2009. Tolerance to imidazolinones is conferred by the csr1-2 (or ahas) gene, derived from Arabidopsis thaliana (Roux et al., 2005; ISAAA 2019), which encodes a modified acetohydroxy acid synthase (AHAS) enzyme (or acetolactate synthase–ALS enzyme), insensitive to herbicides due to amino acid substitution, in which serine is replaced by asparagine at position 653 (EFSA, 2014; Albrecht et al., 2018a). The insertion of this gene has no impact on amino acid levels in the plant. Moreover, the nutritional composition of produced grains is equivalent to that of conventional soybean (EFSA, 2018). Imidazolinone herbicides are inhibitors of ALS, inhibit the synthesis of branched amino acids (leucine, isoleucine, and valine). As a result, protein synthesis is disrupted, which interferes with DNA synthesis and cell growth. After absorption, they are translocated to meristems and apexes, which are areas of active growth; susceptible plants have inhibited growth. Sensitive plants become chlorotic, wither, and die within 7 to 14 days after treatment. Examples of these herbicides include imazaquin, imazethapyr, imazamox, imazapic, and imazapyr. They are systemic herbicides recommended for preand post-emergence control of many monocots and eudicots in cereals, soybean, and nonagricultural areas (Oliveira Júnior, 2011; Shaner and O'Connor, 2017; Rodrigues and Almeida, 2018). Among the imidazolinones, herbicides imazapic/imazapyr (formulated premix) can be applied at pre-emergence and initial post-emergence (up to the V1 stage) of soybean (csr12 transformed) up to a rate of 78.75/26.25 g a.e. ha (Rodrigues and Almeida, 2018). However, there are few reports about tolerance and possible effects on chlorophyll indices and agronomic performance of CV soybean under imazapic/imazapyr application. Some undesirable effects arising from the application of this herbicide are reported in other herbicide-tolerant crops (e.g., glyphosate-tolerant Pak. J. Agri. Sci., Vol. 57(5), 1223-1229; 2020 ISSN (Print) 0552-9034, ISSN (Online) 2076-0906 DOI:10.21162/PAKJAS/20.9821 http://www.pakjas.com.pk


1. To the End of the Fourteenth Century2. The Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries3. The Seventeenth Century4. The Eighteenth Century5. Eighteenth Century Social Anthropology: Man's nature6. Eighteenth Century Social Anthropology: Degradation vs. Progress7. Eighteenth Century Social Anthropology: The Institutionalists and the Scotch School


Stromal connective tissue contains mesenchymal cells, including fibroblasts and myofibroblasts, which line the tissue structure. However, it has been identified that the function of mesenchymal cells is not just structural—they also play critical roles in the creation and regulation of intestinal homeostasis. Thus, mucosal mesenchymal cells instruct intestinal immune cell education (or peripheral immune education) and epithelial cell differentiation thereby shaping the local environment of the mucosal immune system. Malfunction of the mesenchymal cell-mediated instruction system (e.g., fibrosis) leads to pathological conditions such as intestinal stricture.


Simultaneous observations of three small radio telescopes RT-3, RT-2 and RTM, covering the range from 0.66 cm to 1.05 m, will allow obtaining information for analysis of energy release in the solar atmosphere, diagnostics of eruptive solar plasma and short-term forecast of solar activity. The implementation of this radio astronomy project allowed Ukraine to enter the international network of the Sun Service. Detected acceleration of growth the surface temperature of the earth in "Nikitsky Botanical Garden" after 1988. Based on the analysis of ground measurements of temperature: the air at a height of 2 m and the Earth's surface for the period from 1930 by 2014, discusses the possible causes of the acceleration. The tendency of variation of the secular variations of the geomagnetic declination in the Kara-Dag point is determined similar to the tendency of the northern component of the velocity of the northern geomagnetic pole to change: reaching a maximum value of about 2000, the trend sign changes to the opposite one.


The paper presents selected results of the survey on academic entrepreneurship which was carried out within the Visegrad Fund Project in four universities in member states between October 2016 and February 2017. The results reveal the level of entrepreneurship's awareness among university employees and students as well as their attitudes towards entrepreneurial activities. The paper also examines the principle incentives and barriers of setting up the business in Visegrad Group (V4) countries. It also discusses the perception of business attractiveness of Visegrad Group countries among surveyed university employees and students. The first part of the paper is dedicated to the theoretical background of the work which includes the concepts of academic entrepreneurship and business attractiveness as well as the macroeconomic environment of the Visegrad Group countries. The second part presents the brief description of the Project, methodology, goals and major assumption of the Project as well as some of the detailed results obtained. The paper ends with brief conclusions.


This paper proposes a linear predictive coding algorithm whereby the quality of the decoded signal is improved to realize a high resolution Digital-to-Analog (D/A) converter and describes the performance of the algorithm using computer simulation. The first discussion is the present problems of the digital audio system, one of which is degradation of decoded signal by quantization noise inherent to D/A conversions. Next, some reports published to date for improving the problems, are evaluated to clarify the limitations of their technical applicability. As a result, by regarding the digital signal decoding system as a single function system, the arithmetic means of the input and output groups of signal components are regarded to be equivalent when those signal groups are seen from the viewpoint of their time averages, and proposed here is a digital signal processing algorithm using a linear predictive coding system. Conceptual circuit diagrams to implement the method are shown. The efficacy of this method has been demonstrated by computer simulation, that is, the method increases in effect resolution of the D/A conversion system by at least 1 to 2 bits.


For the study of phosphorus influencing in water quality, TP and PO₄-P were surveyed a time a month at 18 points of Jungrang stream and downstream in Han river tributary and Jinwi stream in Ansung stream tributary. To study phosphorus improvement in stream resulted from supplying phosphate free detergent on July, 1988 in Korea, 3 points of agriculture, urban, complex area near Jungrang stream were selected and the flowing rates of ABS, phosphorus each point were surveyed for a whole day of April, 1988, supplying phosphate synthetic detergent and August, November, 1988. Supplying phosphate free detergent. By the results, we can know that inflow of phosphorus into stream was caused by other pollutant sources than phosphate detergent, and water quality in stream has been improved by considerable decreasing of phosphorus concentration in domestic wastewater resulted from supplying of phosphate free detergent.


France held local elections on 22 and 29 March, with Nicolas Sarkozy's UMP receiving the largest share of the vote ahead of Marine Le Pen's Front National. Francoise Boucek writes that while there is still a long way to go, the UMP's success, combined with disappointing results for Francois Hollande's Socialist Party, sets the stage for the next French presidential election.


In tracking closely-spaced targets, the kinematic information is inadequate to resolve the ambiguity of measure-to-track correspondence, which often leads to track coalescence or mistake association. In this paper, we propose a Fusion Tracking framework to a joint target tracking and recognition problem based on MTI and ESM. According to the time sequence of each sensor measurement, the corresponding point-track association module is carried out. Furthermore, the attribute fusion is performed using the Dempster-Shafer rule of combination and the reliability was also considered. Simulation results demonstrate that a joint framework outperforms the traditional single sensor strategy in terms of both recognition and tracking performances.


Arthritis is estimated to affect over 30% of all adults and all the available drugs add considerable morbidity and mortality of their own. A recent therapeutic approach targets the mast cells that are currently considered critical in a variety of inflammatory diseases, especially arthritis. Mast cells could be activated by many immune and neural triggers, as well as by many food substances and drugs leading to secretion of numerous vasoactive and inflammatory molecules. Recent studies have shown that mast cells can be inhibited by certain naturally occurring flavonoids, such as quercetin, and the sulfated proteoglycan chondroitin sulfate. Glucosamine and chondroitin are present in many dietary supplements, but neither the source nor the purity of the active substances is listed; moreover, these formulations do not permit sufficient absorption, due to the high molecular weight and negative charge. Moreover, a common source of chondroitin sulfate is cow trachea with the risk of spongioform encephalopathy (mad cow disease). A new series of dietary supplements (Algonot-Plus®) are based on published scientific evidence and combine quercetin, glucosamine sulfate and chondroitin sulfate of high purity in formulations that include kernel olive oil to increase absorption of the inhibitory substances.


Do laboratory experiments provide a reliable basis for measuring field preferences? Economists recognize that preferences can differ across individuals, but only a few attempts have been made to elicit individual preferences for representative samples of a population in a particular geographical area, region or country. Our primary objective is to directly compare estimates of preferences elicited from a convenience sample and the estimates for the wider population from which that sample is drawn. We examine the strengths and weaknesses of laboratory and field experiments to detect differences in preferences over risk and time that are associated with standard, observable characteristics of the individual.


To the Editor.— Considerable concern has arisen as a result of Dr. Fred Rapp's comments regarding the use of dye-photoinactivation for the treatment of herpes simplex infections published inJAMA(MEDICAL NEWS 225:459, 1973). He theorizes that photodynamic inactivation of viruses may prove to be oncogenic. Before our professional colleagues condemn and discontinue a potentially beneficial treatment, such as photodynamic inactivation for cutaneous infections, we should like to pass along the following thoughts. During the course of an ordinary untreated recurrent herpesvirus infection of the skin, at least 100 defective virus particles are generated for each infective one. It is defective viral particles produced during the photoinactivation process that Dr. Rapp fears may be oncogenic. We suggest that a continued and repeated assault in the area of a recurrent herpes simplex lesion with an abundance of defective virus produced under natural conditions may well constitute a greater risk of oncogenesis


An Advance ruling development administering give Devices
to applicant in arranging his lawful exercises, which are
obligated for payment of GST, well ahead of time. It
additionally acquires sureness deciding the Tax obligation, as
the decision given by the Authority for Advance ruling is
authoritative on the Applicant just as Government specialists.
Further, it helps in evading since quite a while ago drawn and
costly case sometime in the not too distant future. Looking for
an Advance ruling is reasonable and the strategy is basic and
quick. It hence gives sureness and straightforwardness to a
Taxpayer as for an issue which may conceivably cause a
dispute with the tax administration. A lawfully constituted
body called Authority for Advance Ruling (AAR) can give a
coupling binding ruling to an Applicant who is a registered
person or is desirous of obtaining registration or is covetous
of acquiring enrollment. The advance ruling given by the
Authority can be requested before an Appellate authority for
Advance Ruling (AAAR). There are timetables recommended
for passing a request by AAR and by AAAR.


Aiming at the non-linear characteristics of logistics system,this paper presented and established artificial neutral network model to simulate the history data of logistics system,and drew out to approach the burthen curve to forecast logistics.The advantage of this method is that it doesn't need to suppose the input attributes and know the function relationship of input and output attributes,just needing to train the input and output attributes to get the mapped relation between input and output and to forecast burthen.The forecast model was simulated on Matlab software platform,the results show the validity and practicability of this model.


Isaac et al conducted a ret-rospective of 3,570,378 prescrip-tions written by 2,872 prescribersin 3 states over 9 months in 2006.All the prescribers used an electron-ic prescribing software programmade by the same vendor. Thesoftware generated 233,537 med-ication safety alerts during thisperiod related to 6.6% of allattempted electronic prescriptions.The prescribers overrode 90.8% ofthe drug interaction alerts and 77%of the drug allergy alerts. The ac -ceptance rates of drug interactionalerts varied a little based on thelevel of severity; the acceptance ratefor high-severity alerts was 10.4%,whereas the acceptance rates formoderate-severity (7.3%) and low-severity (7.1%) alerts were slightlylower.A smaller study conducted in2007 over 1 month found that am -bulatory prescribers overrode al -lergy alerts 97% of the time.


This study aims to explore the development of students' epistemological beliefs about mathematics and the differences of mathematical beliefs between students at different performance levels. Seventy-six primary school students, 62 junior high school students, 116 senior high school students and 96 college students were selected to complete a test with 12 hypothetical-situation questions and a questionnaire on mathematical beliefs. The results show that the student's attitude toward mathematics is closely related to the course content of mathematics as well as the implicit beliefs of mathematics that the student has acquired in the long-term learning process. The development of students' mathematical beliefs partially follows a V-shaped pattern. Remarkable differences are found among students at different performance levels.


In order to study method to predict the strain caused by crankshaft rotation, and to discuss the relation between crankshaft rotation vibration and strain, using a V8 diesel engine with sticky rubber shock absorber, rubber strain of damper and crankshaft rotation vibration were measured. Rubber strain of torsion damper and crankshaft rotation vibration were analyzed by test and calculation. Using viscous damping coefficient and hysteresis damping coefficient, rubber strain of torsion damper and crankshaft rotation vibration were calculated. Results show that rubber strain of torsion damper calculated with hysteresis damping coefficient is closer to the measured value than that calculated with viscous damping coefficient.


In this paper we provide an overview of a comprehensive performance evaluation framework for RANs (radio access networks) based on SDR (software defined radio) equipment and corresponding open-source protocol stack implementations. The system setup is combined with radio channel emulations by means of dynamic pathloss adaptation that is controlled by channel quality measurements obtained from a live mobile radio network. The paper addresses LTE performance evaluations. The general framework concept is however not restricted to a specific RAT (radio access technology) due to the inherent flexibility provided by SDR concepts. The paper provides a detailed description of the framework and presents results of an exemplary performance study. We furthermore discuss different use cases for the developed evaluation framework.


ABSTRACT Objectives Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rare rheumatic disease characterized by vascular damage, dysregulated immune response, and fibrosis. Interleukin−11 (IL−11) is upregulated in SSc. This study aimed to investigate the pathological and therapeutic role of the IL−11 trans-signaling pathway in SSc. Methods Plasma IL−11 level was evaluated in 32 patients with SSc and 15 healthy controls, while the expression levels of ADAM10, ADAM17, IL−11, IL−11 Rα, or IL−11 co-stained with CD3 or CD163 in the skin of SSc patients and healthy controls were analyzed. Fibroblasts were treated with IL−11 and ionomycin to evaluate the profibrotic effect of IL−11 trans-signaling pathway. TJ301 (sgp130Fc) and WP1066 (a JAK2/STAT3 inhibitor) intervention groups were set up to investigate the antifibrotic effect of targeting IL−11. Results Levels of plasma IL−11 were extremely low in most SSc patients and healthy controls. In contrast, levels of IL−11, IL−11 Rα, and ADAM10, but not ADAM17, were significantly elevated in the skin of SSc patients. Moreover, the numbers of IL−11+ CD3+ cells and IL−11+ CD163+ cells were increased in the skin of SSc patients. Besides, IL−11 and ADAM10 were also elevated in the skin and pulmonary of bleomycin-induced SSc mouse. Fibroblasts co-stimulated with IL−11 and ionomycin showed increased expression of COL3 and phosphorylation of STAT3, which could be inhibited by TJ301 or WP1066. TJ301 also ameliorated skin and lung fibrosis in BLM-induced SSc mouse. Conclusions IL−11 induces fibrosis in SSc by regulating the trans-signaling pathway. Blockage of sgp130Fc or inhibition of the JAK2/STAT3 pathway could ameliorate the profibrotic effect of IL−11.


The characterization of small objects like nanometric gold nanocrystals on nanowire (NW) surface allowed us to highlight the improvements of new imaging detectors in SEM. We have employed different detectors for both conventional imaging signals (SE and BSE), coupled with analytical techniques. In previous work [3], saw-tooth faceting and non-homogeneous gold repartition have been characterized by coupling Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy High Angle Annular Dark Field (STEM-HAADF), electron tomography and Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS).


Based on the transmission rule of laser in atmosphere,combined with laser active deception equipment' s principle and operational method,the idea of extinction method used in maximum jamming range test of laser active deception is presented.The academic formulas is derived,and the issues to be considered in the test are discussed.


The bridge structures should have stricter monitoring once the importance of bridges in region development as flow of people, products and medicines, providing to society a quality of life. This paper presents the criteria used to assessment of the timber structural elements of the roundwood composite stringers bridge with transverse roundwood deck and concrete as wearing surface, situated on the Yolanda Farm, in Sao Carlos, Brazil. The structural system of the bridge consists of two roundwood composite stringers of Eucaliptus citriodora ( Corymbia citriodora ) timber, where each stringer section is composed by two roundwood arranged at the ends interconnected by metal rings, with 10.20 meters of free span and a transversal roundwood 4.20 meters wide deck. The aim of this paper is to identify and assess the main pathologies presented in each structural element. For this evaluation, was used the non-destructive technique (NDT) technique for visual inspection. During the inspection, were evaluated the structural elements of the bridge, after 30 years of service and deterioration as biological attaches and fire. The main problems observed in the structures were: the stringers have already reach in serviceability limit state; the ultimate limit state have already reached in one of stringers and also a fire compromised it; the transverse roundwood deck elements were attached by xylophages organisms, mainly in its heartwood; the metal rings are rusty and deteriorated by fire; and finally, the foundations are cracked. It is concluded that the bridge is condemned and is in a precarious situation for rehabilitation. In general, there is a deficiency of preventive maintenance on rural and low-traffic bridges in Brazil. In this context, it is evident that it is essential to perform preventive maintenance on structures of timber bridges, with expert qualified professionals accompanying.


Purpose: To assess whether the changes in Swedish sickness insurance in 2008 were associated with termination of benefits (TOB) or transition to disability pension (DP) for individuals in compensated sick leave of varying duration. Changes were (1) introduction of sick-listing guidelines and (2) stricter criteria for eligibility to disability pension and sickness cash benefit and time limits for the latter. Methods: The study population consisted of 2 556 211 cases of compensated sick leave with onset during 2006–2010 from the Swedish national social insurance registers. TOB and DP were analysed with Cox-proportional hazard regression. Results: After the introduction of sick-listing guidelines, TOB increased for both women [hazard ratio (HR) 1.10] and men (HR 1.07). The additional introduction of stricter rules 4 months later were modestly associated with TOB (HR: women 1.01, men 0.99) and transition to DP among men decreased with stronger associations for spells exceeding 180 days (HR 0.86). For women transition to DP surprisingly increased with stricter criteria (HR 1.09), although this pattern was reversed in sick leave spells exceeding 1 year (HR 0.90). Conclusions: Introducing sick-listing guidelines for different illnesses and diseases could have had a considerable impact on TOB. The additional introduction of stricter eligibility rules and time limits seem to have contributed less to TOB but clearly reduced DP in longer sickness spells. Implications for Rehabilitation Sick-listing guidelines could be a supportive tool for doctors and sickness insurance administrators in the sick-listing process and reduce unnecessary prolongation of sick leave. Specific time limits in sickness insurance and stricter eligibility rules for disability pensions have an impact on compensated sick leave and the welfare of individuals. This has to be considered in the vocational rehabilitation process in order to enhance sustainable return to work. Changes in sickness insurance could influence the duration and exit from compensated sick leave and such changes needs to be considered in studies of vocational rehabilitation, return to work and disability pension.


Problem-based learning ( PBL ) has become the major teaching method to cultivate medical student's autonomous learning and their ability to solve problems.It's basic elements are the scene authenticity and problem construction.Thoratic surgery clinical probation is the most important part of clinical teaching.The author summerized and analysized the PBL teaching experience in thoratic surgery and had some new understanding and experience on the problem construction,and therefore made some exploration and improvement to it and got some good teaching effect.

Key words:
Problem-based learning;  Clinical probation;  Problem construction


Continuous growth in the number of immigrant students has changed the Finnish school environment. The resulting multicultural school environment is new for both teachers and students. In order to develop multicultural learning environments, there is a need to understand immigrant students' everyday lives in school. In this study, home economics is seen as a fruitful school subject area for understanding these immigrant students' lives as they cope with school and home cultures that may be very different from each other. Home economics includes a great deal of knowledge and skills that immigrant students need during their everyday activities outside of school. The main aim of the study is to clarify the characteristics of multicultural home economics classroom practices and the multicultural contacts and interaction that take place between the students and the teacher. The study includes four parts. The first part, an ethnographical prestudy, aims to understand the challenges of multicultural schoolwork with the aid of ethnographical fieldwork done in one multicultural school. The second part outlines the theoretical frames of the study and focuses on the sociocultural approach. The third part of the study presents an analysis of videodata collected in a multicultural home economics classroom. The teacher's and students' interaction in the home economics classroom is analyzed through the concepts of the sociocultural approach and the cultural-historical activity theory. Firstly, this is done by analyzing the focusedness of the teacher's and the students' actions as well as the questions presented and apparent disturbances during classroom interaction. Secondly, the immigrant students' everyday experiences and cultural background are examined as they appear during discussions in the home economics lessons. Thirdly, the teacher's tool-use and actions as a human mediator are clarified during interaction in the classroom. The fourth part presents the results, according to which a practice-based approach in the multicultural classroom situation is a prerequisite for the teacher's and the students' shared object during classroom interaction. Also, the practice-based approach facilitates students' understanding during teaching and learning situations. Practice in this study is understood as collaborative teaching and learning situations that include 1) guided activating learning, 2) establishing connections with students' everyday lives and 3) multiple tool-use. Guided activating learning in the classroom is defined as situations that occur and assignments that are done with a knowledgeable adult or peer and include action. The teacher's demonstrations during the practical part of the lessons seemed to be fruitful in the teaching and learning situations in the multicultural classroom. Establishing connections with students' everyday lives motivated students to follow the lesson and supported understanding of meaning. Furthermore, if multiple tools (both psychological and material) were used, the students managed better with new and sometimes difficult concepts and different working habits, and accomplished the practical work more smoothly . The teacher's tool-use and role as a mediator of meaning are also highlighted in the data analysis. Hopefully, this study can provide a seedbed for situations in which knowledge produced together, as well as horizontally oriented tool-use, can make school-learned knowledge more relevant to immigrant students' everyday lives, and help students to better cope with both classroom work and outside activities.


The MALTA team is developing the MALTA chip, a depleted monolithic active pixel sensor (DMAPS) implemented in the TowerJazz 180 nm modified CMOS process for tracking applications in high energy particle physics experiments such as the ATLAS experiment at the LHC . At the INFIERI school in Wuhan, China, I presented results on what was then the latest prototype of the chip, the MiniMALTA. So far measurements have shown promising that suggest that the chip is operational after irradiation doses comparable to those predicted for the outer pixel layers of the proposed inner tracker (ITk) upgrade in ATLAS.


After harvesting the medicinal parts of Curcuma longa, the remaining underground parts were discarded. From the remaining underground parts of Curcuma longa quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (Q37) was isolated. The antioxidant activities in vitro and lifespan-extension effect of Q37 were elucidated using the Caenorhabditis elegans. The 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging effect of Q37 showed similar potent activities in comparison with vitamin C. Q37 also showed potent superoxide quenching activities as measured by the riboflavin- and xanthineoriginated superoxide quenching activity tests. Q37 prolonged lifespan of worms under normal culture condition. In terms of protective effect of Q37 on the stress conditions such as thermal and oxidative stresses, Q37-treated worms exhibited enhanced survival rate, as compared to control worms. To know the possible mechanism of Q37-mediated increased lifespan and stress resistance of worms, we examined the activities of Q37on superoxide dismutase (SOD), and invested intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. The results revealed that Q37 was able to elevate SOD activity of worms and reduce intracellular ROS accumulation in a dose-dependent manner.


Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has created unprecedented challenges for first responders (eg, police, fire, and emergency medical services) and nonmedical essential workers (eg, workers in food, transportation, and other industries). Health systems may be uniquely suited to support these workers given their medical expertise


The driving load of cassava feed in the cutting process has an influence on the result of cuts cassava chips. This study aims to get a load of cassava feed right that the thickness of cassava cutting results obtained homogeneous and maximum capacity. This study to use the machine design result dimensions of 600 mm x 455mm x 505 mm, blade shaft speed 310 rpm at the Maintenance and Repair Laboratory of Polytechnic Jambi. The data taken is the thickness and when the results of cutting using a plunger load of bait 300 g, 600 g and 900 g. From the research results obtained thickness cuts for all homogeneous load is 1 mm, while for the cutting time with a load of 300 g, 600 g and 900 g respectively take 10.53 seconds, 8.63 seconds and 8.05 seconds. It is concluded that cutting the right time to get the homogeneous and the shortest time possible using the driving load of 900g.
Keywords: cutting, driving load, homogeneous


Biogas comprehensive utilization is significant to improving the rural ecological environment,raising farmer's income and realizing sustainable development.This article introduced the current situation of biogas comprehensive utilization in China,analyzed the economic and ecological benefits,and estimated the potentiality of biogas comprehensive utilization.The results showed that the biogas comprehensive utilization has remarkable economic and ecological benefits in China.It increased income by 4.36 billion yuan(RMB)in 2004,protected 1.67 million hectares forest,and reduced 6.55 million tons of CO2 and 59.4 thousand tons of SO2.However,the application rate of anaerobic fermentation of rural waste is still low.The exploiture rate of biogas economic potential is less than 1% and that of ecological potentiality is about 4%,the prospect of biogas comprehensive utilization in China is broad.


Recently, a state space identification method was developed for linear periodic parameter-varying systems in the frequency domain. The proposed algorithm required the input and scheduling signals to be periodic and synchronized. In this paper, we extend the existing approach to handle transient behavior with respect to the input. Because the system is no longer required to be in steady state, non-periodic inputs can now be used as well. We illustrate the extended identification technique on a discrete time SIMO simulation example.