We construct a laminated metamaterial structure of zipper-type monolayer graphene with silica, which is equipped with a distinctively dual plasmon-induced transparency (PIT) phenomenon. The graphene pattern in this structure craftily connects with the electrode so that we can dynamically control the PIT response (via regulating the bias voltage that applied between the electrode and the substrate to control the graphene Fermi energy), in which the range of voltage-regulate is calculated theoretically, proving to be a feasible measure for PIT response-tune. Then, the tuning discipline for this structure is summarized from the calculated result of the coupled mode theory deduced theoretical model and the simulation result. It is found that the structure possesses a great tuning performance within the tuning range we studied; also, as the structure ameliorates the monolayer graphene absorbance from 2.3% to about 50% within a broad dynamic frequency tuning range, the absorption peak frequency modulation depth is up to 45.46%. Besides, the group refractive index is discussed for reflecting the system capability of slow light, and the maximum of the coefficient can catch up to 595. Even if the impact of dielectric light- absorbance to slow light is taken into account, the slow light index at the transparent window is still as high as 200.


A generalized formula for summing of kinetic resistances for moving and stationary media in a cylindrical reactor has been proposed and analyzed. This formula can be used for the solution of inverse problems and determination of the probability of the heterogeneous decay of a gaseous particle in a single collision with the surface and the diffusion coefficient of the gas, that is, parameters that define the measured index of monoexponential damping of the reactant concentration at any gas flow velocity in a tubular reactor.


Cellular automata are systems composed of two-dimensional cell arrays which change according to specific, pre-determined rules. For this reason, cellular automata were used to illustrate and simulate kinetic processes in a introductory pharmacokinetics course in a four-year PharmD curriculum. Simulations were included in the lectures whenever a new pharmacokinetic model or concept was introduced. Types of simulations performed included zeroand firstorder input, distribution, and elimination from oneor two-compartment body models. Following course completion, seventy two percent of respondants strongly agreed or agreed with the statement: "The kinetic simulations helped me to better understand pharmacokinetic mathematical principles." Incorporation of simulations may also have increased the frequency of correct responses to questions testing pharmacokinetic concepts on mid-semester and final exams. Therefore, cellular automata may provide a useful teaching tool for kinetic simulations in pharmacokinetic courses.


The power of addiction must never be underestimated. Addiction is the key element in an individual's seeking and use of illicit drugs despite the knowledge of the potential harmful consequences. The dentist must be aware of the many oral and dental manifestations of the use of various drugs. Also, the dentist must be aware of the potential systemic manifestations of drugs such as heroin, cannabis, methamphetamines and cocaine in order to make the proper modifications to ensure the safe and effective delivery of dental treatment.


—Bayesian approximate message passing (BAMP) is an efficient method in compressed sensing that is nearly optimal in the minimum mean squared error (MMSE) sense. Multiple Measurement Vector (MMV)-BAMP performs joint recovery of multiple vectors with identical support and accounts for correla- tions in the signal of interest and in the noise. In this paper, we show how to reduce the complexity of vector BAMP via a simple joint decorrelation (diagonalization) transform of the signal and noise vectors, which also facilitates the subsequent performance analysis. We prove that the corresponding state evolution (SE) is equivariant with respect to the joint decorrelation transform and preserves diagonality of the residual noise covariance for the Bernoulli-Gauss (BG) prior. We use these results to analyze the dynamics and the mean squared error (MSE) performance of BAMP via the replica method, and thereby understand the impact of signal correlation and number of jointly sparse signals. Finally, we evaluate an application of MMV-BAMP for single- pixel imaging with correlated color channels and thereby explore the performance gain of joint recovery compared to conventional BAMP reconstruction as well as Group-LASSO.


Abstract In 2004–2005, application of non-amended suspensions of Aureobasidium pullulans conidia to post-harvest chickpea debris resulted in 37.9% fewer Ascochyta blight lesions on chickpea test plants relative to controls. Analogous tests in 2006–2007 resulted in 38.4% fewer lesions. Ascospores released from debris were predominantly Davidiella sp. (anamorph, Cladosporium sp.), followed by Didymella rabiei (anamorph, Ascochyta rabiei, agent of Ascochyta blight).


Objective To discuss the therapeutic effect of high thread-drawing drainage on high complex anal fistula.Methods 90 cases of high complex anal fistula were divided into control group and treatment group.In control group(30 cases),low incision and high thread-drawing therapy was adopted.In treatment group(60 cases),high thread-drawing drainage was applied.Results There was no significant difference in total effective rate in comparison of two groups(P0.05).Concerning to wound healing time and postoperative complications,the results in treatment group were superior to those in control group(P0.05,P0.01).Conclusion High thread-drawing shortens the duration of treatment and decreases the incidence rate of postoperative complications apparently.


This article presents a review of the books "Bargaining: Power, Tactics and Outcomes," by Samuel B. Bacharach and Edward J. Lawler.


The paper describes development of System SMPSL for analog communication. The system consists of hardware and software parts. The system is used for measurement of analog quantities using a computer. Communication is via libraries. System is very cheap to assemble the hardware. Available software is free. The paper describes the basic connections and the source code for creating an analog input and output.


Bipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic and potentially disabling mental disease characterized by episodes of mania or hypomania (BD type I and II, respectively) and episodes of depressed mood. Many dif...


Free-standing CrSi2 nanowires are synthesized by a vapor transport based method for the first time. High-quality CrSi2 nanowires with a hexagonal cross section are produced by the reaction of a CrCl2 precursor and a Si substrate without using any metal catalyst. We have studied the crystal structure and electrical transport properties of CrSi2 nanowires. Transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction studies confirm the single-crystalline nature of the CrSi2 nanowires of a C40 type structure. Four-probe devices were fabricated by the focused ion beam equipped with a nanomanipulator. Measured resistivity of the nanowire is 0.012 Ω·cm, which is close to that of bulk single-crystalline CrSi2.


The utility model relates to an automatic different-specification wafer testing and judging device that is used for testing and judging the wafer with different specifications, and facilitates the test operation results of the wafer conform to the product standard of the wafer, which adopts the technical proposal that a stander is provided with a plate-holding and plate-counting device, and one side, which is provided with the plate-holding and plate-counting device, of the stander is provided with a wafer transmission device; one side of the wafer transmission device is provided with a wafer testing platform device that is matched with the wafer transmission device. The device has high efficiency and good accuracy when in use, and is applicable to the test requirements of the semi-conductor industry wafer.


This paper reports on the lanthanum ion exchange isotherms for NaY at 27 and 60{degrees}C that were obtained and analyzed. Thermodynamic parameters were calculated by assuming that the cation exchanger has two groups of sites in supercages.


A new particle filter algorithm based on new Clone particle swarm optimization(NCPSO-PF) is presented in this paper in order to solve the problem of low precision and complicated calculation of particle filter based on particle swarm optimization algorithm(PSO-PF). The algorithm enables the particles to fit the environment better and then reach the goal of global optimization through orthogonal initialization, clonal selection and local searching of self-learning. Finally different models are used for simulation experiment and the results indicate that this new algorithm improves the operation speed and precision of practical engineering application.


The exact series solution to the scattering from cylindrical cavity-backed aperture with longitudinal corrugations is formulated by using a radial mode matching technique. The scattered and penetrated fields are represented as an infinite series of radial modes. By applying appropriate boundary conditions, the coefficients of the scattered and transmitted fields are obtained.


This study aims to determine the influence of financial ratios and economic value added on stock price of property and real estate companies listed in IDX. There are two independent variables; financial ratios and economic value added (EVA). The dependent variable  is  stock  price.  The  research  uses  purposive sampling  method  for  selecting  the samples resulted in 14 qualified companies during 2012-2014. Analysis of the data in this study using multiple regression analysis. Test results shows the variable that significantly influences the stock price is Financial Ratios. This finding explains that earning per share and price earning ratio is successful for being the proxy of profitability that logically be capable in showing the high value relevance with the expectation of stock price returns to investors also high. It means that EPS and PER have been able to influence the decision of managers or users of other financial statements to support their expectations of the results to be obtained. It can be concluded that the financial manager of the company has been able to fulfill the expectations of shareholders which is to manage the assets optimally so as to produce the desired profit. Meanwhile, Economic Value Added (EVA) has a insignificant influence on stock price. It means that when the EVA value of company increase, not necessarily the return will be received by investors will also rise, and vice versa. This shows that EVA analysis is not used as  a basis for decision making for investors to make purchases or disposals of the company's shares and also not used by the management company in decision- making for dividend. Keywords: financial ratios, economic value added, stock price.


This book provides a step-by-step guide to how predictive analytics is used by some of the world's most influential organizations. This includes international banks, leading insurance providers, credit reference agencies and national governments. It covers all stages of the predictive analytics process, including project management, data collection, sampling, data transformation and pre-processing, model construction, validation, implementation and post-implementation monitoring of the model's performance.


The invention provides a production technology and a production line of a high-strength PET (polyethylene terephthalate) flat yarn for a freight bag. The technology comprises the steps of (1) drying PET raw material, then carrying out pre-crystallization, feeding the product into a screw extruder, and cooling the extruded product by water bath to obtain a diaphragm; (2) drafting: chopping the diaphragm cooled in the step (1) by a chopping device, heating and then carrying out primary drafting; heating again and carrying out secondary drafting; (3) shaping: heating the material obtained by drafting to remove stress, shaping the product by a shaping roller, and then winding to obtain the high-strength PET flat yarn. After the production technology and the production line are adopted, drafting technological parameters are optimized, the problem that the yarn is broken in the drafting process is avoided, and the produced PET flat yarn is high in strength; the process for removing the stress is added, so that the stress generated in the flat yarn drafting process is removed, and the flat yarn fabric is not contracted and deformed due to the existence of stress; a waste PET bottle is also suitable for the production technology and the production line, thus being recovered and utilized.


This paper analyses the long-term dynamics of structure and abundance of bream (Abramis brama L.) population in the Vistula lagoon on the basis of 1959-2010 trawl surveys. The authors emphasise the positive long-term impact of fishing regulation. The current bream stock is estimated as sufficient.


2-Methyltetrahydrofuran (2-MTHF) is a promising fuel additive and renewable solvent. Herein, we report a selective hydrodeoxygenation of cellulose-derived γ-valerolactone (GVL) to 2-MTHF under mild...


The excitation of a Tamm plasmon is established in a structure consisting of a thin layer of dielectric between a metal layer and self-assembled dye-doped three-dimensional photonic crystal. Laser-induced emission from the dye aided by the Tamm plasmon is studied in an angle-resolved measurement.


Background: Managing the donor site after harvesting a skin graft is a chief issue. There are various dressings available for the management of donor sites but there has not been a widely accepted method for these partial thickness grafts. Honey has been found to be useful in the treatment of wounds like burns for thousands of years, but only in recent times that a scientific explanation is available for its effectiveness. Split-thickness skin graft donor sites are comparable to partial thickness burn wounds.Methods: In this study, the effect of honey on skin graft donor sites has been evaluated. 50 patients have undergone skin grafting for various reasons have been randomized into two groups of 25 each in honey-treated group and Vaseline gauze-treated group. In the group A, who were treated with honey, 85% of the patients had nil or only moderate pain, whereas in the group B, who were treated with Vaseline gauze, 80 % had nil or mild pain. On examining the donor site on the 7th day, epithelialization has occurred in 48 patients as compared to 39 in group B. By the 10th day, all the wounds healed in group A who were treated with honey, whereas 66 % of wounds healed in Vaseline gauze-treated group. At 1-month follow-up, the results were comparable in both groups, with regard to patient satisfaction.Conclusion: Honey-impregnated gauze reduces pain and heals donor sites wounds quicker with better cosmetic result.


The very interesting and richly coloured masque or pantomimic play which is here printed in book form for the first time, was invented some time in 1894 or possibly a little earlier. It was written, not for publication, but as a personal gift to the author's friend and friend of his family, Mrs. Chan Toon : : : . For a long while Mrs. Chan Toon, who after her husband's death became Mrs. WoodhousePearse, refused to permit the masque to be printed : : : . An arrangement, however, having been completed, the play is now made public. (Wilde 1922) The Journal of Burma Studies Vol. 25, No. 1 (2021), pp. 135–148 © 2021 Center for Burma Studies


New technology for making ferric oxide yellow pigment by using waste iron scale with medium high carbon instead of low carbon as raw material is stated. The quality of the product can meet the standard HG/T2249 - 91.the recovery rate of iron is over 98%.


Organizational culture is a philosophy, ideology, values, assumptions, beliefs, expectations, attitudes and norms that are shared and binding in a particular community. Specifically, the culture in the organization will be determined by conditions of team work, leaders and characteristic of organization and administration process applicable. In addition to the formation of organizational culture, good leadership will also create good kewargaorganisasian behavior. This study aims to identify and examine the influence of organizational culture, leadership and work stress on Organizational citizenship behavior and job satisfaction as an intervening variable in medical personnel RSU Kaliwates Jember. This type of research can be classified as confirmatory research. The population in this research all medical personnel who are in RSU Kaliwates in Jember Jember. Total population of medical personnel who work in public hospitals in Jember Jember Kaliwates there are 59 employees. The sample in this study were selected using census method, where the population being sampled, as many as 59. The analysis tool used is path analysis. Results of this study states that all hypotheses are acceptable and show significant results


The invention relates to a multipath signal multi-screen splicing processing system. The splicing processing system comprises a DVI signal collecting unit and an FPGA data processing unit connected with the DVI signal collecting unit; the DVI signal collecting unit is composed of a DVI signal converting device and a DVI signal collecting device, and the output end of the DVI signal converting device is connected with the input end of the DVI signal collecting device; the FPGA data processing unit is composed of an FPGA data collecting module, an FPGA data partitioning and transmitting module, an MCU module and a memorizer, and the FPGA data collecting module is connected with the MCU module in a two-way mode. Multiple display and window modes can be preset, and by presetting the multiple modes, the problem of the single output mode of a full-hardware multi-screen splicer is solved to a great extent in the process of designing a multi-screen processor.


This research determined the vapor-liquid equilibrium distribution ratio (K-value) for the refrigerants 22, 123, 134a, 32, 125, 143a, 404A, 407C, 410A, and 507A. These data were derived from measuring the moisture content of the vapor and liquid phases of specifically contaminated refrigerant samples at temperatures of 40°F, 75°F, and 120°F (4°C, 24°C, and 49°C).


Guides to oral history acknowledge the value of this research methodology in enriching published records with memory and personal perceptions, thoughts, feelings and insights. This paper uses oral history to enrich the published record of one of New Zealand's best modern houses – the Rotherham House in the Auckland suburb of Stanley Bay. Bruce Rotherham designed and, with others from the Group Construction Company/Group Architects, built it in 1950–51. He then left the Group in 1952 and left New Zealand in 1955, never to live there again. The house comprises a double-height volume with a brick stair column leading to a mezzanine bedroom without balustrades or handrails, just a floor upturned at the sides. Published records focus on the radical ("experimental") nature of the design. Scholarly attention has also been given to the death of a man there in 1962: Leon Lesnie fell from the mezzanine, having been caught in bed with his lover, by her husband. This paper uses oral history to enhance the knowledge and understanding of the house, particularly its ownership, occupancy and use during the 1950s and 1960s. It presents the recollections of Jeremy Rotherham – son of Bruce – who lived in the house with his mother, Elizabeth, and sister, Ann, on and off until he was fourteen, when his mother sold it. In relating Jeremy's recollections of his childhood home, the paper activates and animates the building and shifts its reputation and associations from death to life. It also reflects on methodology and the specifics of the interviewer-interviewee relationship: Jeremy is my partner; I am entangled in the Rotherham House story. My telling of it does not follow the recommended oral history approach of ethics approval, formal interviews and transcription. Rather, it draws from multiple unplanned conversations and the spontaneous sharing of memory.


Acknowledgements Introduction 1. Colonial companions 2. Residing with begums: William Palmer, James Achilles Kirkpatrick and their 'wives' 3. Good patriarchs, uncommon families 4. Native women, native lives 5. Household order and colonial justice 6. Servicing military families: family labour, pensions and orphans Conclusion Bibliography Index.


We have not found descriptions of such cases of severe deformity of the pelvic ring that developed after a rupture of the pubic symphysis obtained in childhood and subsequent surgical intervention in the available literature, and therefore we consider it appropriate to share our observation.


This article aims to study the transformation of Islamic Shari'a values in the foundation of the law legislation in Indonesia. This study is legal-normative in which, in its analyzing phases, it uses both qualitative techniques of primary and secondary legal materials. The findings of this study indicate that the Islamic Shari'a values have been actualized in the laws and regulations in the elimination of domestic violence in Indonesia. Transformation of Islamic Sharia values is conducted through two approaches, namely through the principles of the content of legislation, and actualization through the material legislation.


With the entry into force of the Code Criminal Integral (COIP), from August 10, 2014, there have been serious changes and modifications regarding the application of the law in criminal matters. Currently we have new procedures seeking to accelerate the proceedings and compliance with constitutional guarantees. One of the benefits clearly evidenced by this law; It is the principle of lenity offense under paragraph 2 of Article 5 of the Code of Criminal Integral (COIP). With the principle of lenity and pursuant to Record No. 288 of July 14, 2014, which was approved scales for illegal possession of narcotics. Nationally several people tried for the crime of drug trafficking gained their freedom, as this table does not sanctioned the micro traffic.
In the years 2014 to 2015, with the previous scale approved by Resolution No. 002 CONSEP CD-2014 there were approximately 2232 released, 99% was serving sentences for drug for the release of detainees no criminal record that could be considered each detainee. The principle pro reo (favorability), aims to protect the citizen who is being investigated by the body of criminal prosecution and therefore it is subject of criminal law and such protection, in the light of this principle is aimed at seeking a solution more favorable to the existence of a conflict of laws, an event in which one should choose the least serious to the interests of the individual law. This has allowed since Aug. 10, 2014, hearings decriminalization in Units Judicial Criminal country are made that result in applying the principle of favorability, the defendants sentenced to imprisonment have benefited from rebates and persons indicted by prison have been released without fulfilling all the years established in the judgments. There are specific cases of people reached by the principle of lenity, who are repeat offenders, i have been arrested for illegal possession of narcotics several times. I have also evidenced by my work as a member of the police force, which in specific cases of those who benefited from the principle of lenity, are again in the streets somehow involved in the sale, distribution or trafficking.
While our social state and constitutional, is based on respect, realization and protection of the rights and guarantees of own citizens, which has involved the search for limits on the exercise of the punitive power of the state, the lesser degree of harmfulness of the rights of citizens and the creation of principles aimed not only to be modulators of judicial and administrative action, but also to lay the foundations or pillars of the criminal proceedings.
The principle criminal favorability has not been oblivious to this change and this has mainly evidenced when applying that principle in the criminal whose execution is permanent in time, questioning the garantista function as a modulator of judicial activity meant its application and giving way to overtake the punitive power of the state. Traditionally, it was understood that against the collision of laws or face regulatory changes, the law that prove to be more beneficial to the interests of the accused applied, which operated automatically, ie without compunction, being this not a benefit but a right of every citizen. The principle of lenity is one of those general principles of penal system from the constitutional orbit forms the structure of due process is oriented to the achievement of the purposes of our legal system and that system operators must go tool set procedural must be subjected to criminal procedural law techniques. But for this principle restrictions that guarantee the rights of the accused must exist, but to the community to ensure that criminals and prisoners are serving criminal conduct appropriate penalties.
Since last August to this month, a considerable percentage of persons detained for illegal drug trafficking have been released, as can be evidenced in the Centers Deprivation of Liberty. It would be necessary to ask how many of these people have been rehabilitated and how many of these people exploiting the principle of favorability are again involved in illegal drug trafficking? In specific cases, who were released had convictions for selling marijuana in educational establishments, one of the major concerns we have had as cops is to protect the safety of teenagers and young people not involved in drugs. To correct and punish the micro traffickers who benefited from the principle of lenity, in 2015 again enters debate at the National Assembly, the adoption of a new table that sanctions more rigorously in low, medium, high and large scale , illegal possession of narcotic substances, achieving this goal with the official record No. 586 of September 14, 2015.


This paper describes the application of brain-based and constructivist learning strategies for teaching a "Science, Technology, and Society (STS)" course. Four professors who teach a "Science, Technology, and Society" course at DeVry University have combined their interdisciplinary backgrounds in engineering, psychology, history, anthropology and sociology, to develop brain-based and constructivist learning/teaching approaches that promote critical, analytical, and expert thinking in students. This STS course introduces students to the influences of technologies on society and explores the relationships between societies and technologies. There are essentially four objectives to this course: (1) developing a strong understanding of local and global forces and issues which affect people and societies, (2) guiding local/global societies to appropriate use of technology, (3) alerting societies to technological risks and failures, and (4) developing informed and encompassing personal decision-making and leadership and providing ways to solve problems in a technological world. It is anticipated that that by using brain-based and constructivist teaching strategies, educators can further promote in students everywhere, the future reality and urgency of technological social leadership to appropriately and responsibly help to develop our global community.


In this paper, we have introduced the deterministic variant of parallel communicating Watson-Crick automata systems. We show that similar to the non-deterministic version, the deterministic version can also recognise some non-regular uniletter languages. We further establish that strongly deterministic Watson-Crick automata systems and deterministic Watson-Crick automata system are incomparable in terms of their computational ability. We have also compared the computational ability of our system with multihead finite automata and parallel communicating finite automata systems.


In this paper,from the ordinary university sports teaching reform as the starting point,the meaning of attack and defense is applied to experimental teaching research on the ordinary college students.The results show that the meaning of attack and defend teaching has certain advantage,is able to improve the teaching effect and the cultural quality of students,is able to better adapt to the teaching reform and improve the ability of students.


Over the past year, much of the tectonic analysis of Venus we have done has centered on global properties of the planet, in order to understand fundamental aspects of the dynamics of the mantle and lithosphere of Venus. We have developed convection models of the Earth and Venus. These models assume whole mantle internally-heated convection. The viscosity is temperature, volatile-content, and stress dependent. An initial temperature and volatile content is assumed, and the thermal evolution is tracked for 4.6 billion years. During this time, heating occurs by decay of radiogenic elements in the mantle, and degassing and regassing of volatiles takes place at the surface. For a model assuming plate tectonics as the primary heat loss mechanism, representing the Earth through most of it's history and perhaps Venus' earlier history, degassing of the mantle was found to occur rapidly (approximately 200 My) over a large range of parameters. Even for parameters chosen to represent extreme cases of an initially cool planet, low radiogenic heating, and large initial volatile complement, the mantle water content was degassed to an equilibrium value in about 2 By. These values may be applicable to the early Venus, if a large, Moon-forming impact on Earth resulted in efficient heating and loss of water, leaving Venus with a comparably greater volatile budget and less vigorous early convection. It may therefore be impossible to retain large amounts of water in the interior of Venus until the planet cools down enough for the 'cold-trap' effect to take place. This effect traps crust forming melts within the mantle due to a cusp in the solidus, causing these melts to refreeze at depth into a dense eclogite phase, which will inhibit ascent of this material to the surface. This effect, however, requires a hydrous mantle, so early loss of water might prevent it from taking place. Since without plate tectonics there is no mechanism for regassing volatiles into the mantle, as occurs on Earth at subduction zones, this means the interior of Venus would at present be almost completely dry. We have also calculated argon degassing, and mantle flow velocities. viscosities, and cooling rates in these models, and these values can provide constraints on present day mantle dynamics.


The article presents detailed description of methods of arrangement and description of archival materials in three community archives from Poland: the Foundation of General Elżbieta Zawacka, the Association "History Tellers from the Lower City in Gdańsk", and the Civic Archive in Podkowa Leśna. Information presented in the article are part of a research project entitled "Community archives in Poland: multiple case study" (2016–2019). Research data was collected during field studies, using methods of semi-structured interviews, on-site direct observations, and desk research. The article also provides information about the context of operation of contemporary community archives in Poland, especially the phenomenon of professionalization of community archives and its impact on methods of their archival work. As a key finding, the study stresses the importance of knowing the community archive's context in understanding its archival practices.


The expected rate of earnings and risk of high-tech projects are very fuzzy, and investors hope to get the expected rate of earnings maximization and risk minimization. Therefore, this paper establishes the model of fuzzy multi-objective programming method to select an optimal portfolio scheme. On the one hand, the objectives risk can be scattered, on the other hand investors can get ideal earnings. The example shows that this method to solve problems of portfolio investment decision is feasible and effective.


Increasing evidence suggests that degeneration of Locus Coeruleus (LC) neurons is a common feature of various neurodegenerative diseases. Including patients neuropathologically diagnosed with frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). Based on the histopathological patterns FTLD has been categorized into three distinct subtypes; FTLD with tau immunoreactivity inclusion (FTLD‐tau), FTLD with TDP‐43 (transactive response DNA‐binding protein 43 kDa) immunoreactivity inclusion (FTLD‐TDP), and FTLD with other than tau and TDP‐43 immunoreactivity inclusion (FTLD‐Others). However, the significance of LC degeneration as a marker of the FTLD subtypes has not been fully explored. The purpose of this study was to investigate if the graded LC hypopigmentation can be used as a biomarker to separate distinct subtypes of FTLD.


Voltage-controlled oscillators (VCOs) are essential components of frequency synthesizers used in space-based applications. Radiation in harsh space environments can cause SEEs (single-event effects) when a charged particle hits the silicon substrate and induces a transient current within the circuit that causes erroneous behavior. Hence, it is essential to understand the radiation sensitivity of a given process in order to design circuits that can tolerate these conditions. An LC-tank VCO is designed in a 22nm FinFET process and achieves 12.5-16.8GHz tuning range and −126dBc/Hz phase noise at a 10MHz offset from a 16.0GHz carrier. SEE sensitivity is quantified with a measured VCO maximum cross-sectional area of 350um2 when testing with heavy ions with a linear energy transfer from 10 to 90 MeV.cm2/mg. These results are pertinent for future radiation-hardened VCO designs in this process.


Paper presented at One day National Seminar on "Academic Libraries of the Future: Opportunities & Challenges" at Guru Nanak College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Sion.


This thesis reports on the first ever measurement of several Lamb shift transitions in the muonic helium-3 ion and on the hitherto most precise extraction of its nuclear charge radius. The measurements have been performed in 2014 by the CREMA collaboration at the Paul Scherrer Institute in Villigen, Switzerland. Due to the large muon mass, hydrogen-like muonic atoms are highly sensitive to nuclear structure contributions like the polarizability. A special attraction to this topic has been created by the so-called proton radius puzzle. In 2010, a predecessor experiment performed by the CREMA collaboration measured the proton charge radius to be more than 5 standard deviations smaller than the average of all previous measurements on electronic hydrogen. After more than six years this problem remains still unresolved. The measurement on muonic helium-3 is therefore a decisive experiment on the way to solve this puzzle. The experiment described in this thesis has the following working principle. Low-energy muons are stopped in a low-pressure gas target filled with 3He gas. Once stopped, a muonic atom in a highly excited state is formed whereupon the muon cascades down to the ground state. Only about 1% of the muons end up in the meta-stable 2S state. After a delay of 1μs a laser is scanned over the transition frequency and, if on resonance, excites these atoms to the 2P state. The 2P state immediately decays to the ground state, emitting a delayed Kα X-ray. The signal is obtained determining the number of delayed Kα X-rays versus the laser frequency. The frequencies of the measured transitions result in ν( 2SF=1 1/2 − 2PF=2 3/2 ) = 347 212(20) GHz ν( 2SF=0 1/2 − 2PF=1 3/2 ) = 312 830(21) GHz ν( 2SF=1 1/2 − 2PF=1 1/2 ) = 310 814(20) GHz with a relative precision better than 70 ppm.


"The murmuring mass of an unknown language constitutes a delicious protection, envelopes the foreigner... in an auditory film which halts at his ears the alienation of the mother tongue: the regional and social origin of whoever is speaking, his degree of culture, of intelligence, of taste, the image by which he constitutes himself as a person and which he asks you to recognize. Hence, in foreign countries, what a respite! Here I am, protected against stupidity, vulgarity, vanity, worldliness, nationality, normality." (Roland Barthes)


Aircraft mix (i.e., the mix of aircraft with different performance characteristics in a sector) has been repeatedly cited as a complexity factor in en route air traffic control. However, little attention has been focused on examining this relationship statistically. The present study is the third in a series of investigations designed to define, quantify, and assess the validity of aircraft mix as a contributor to traffic complexity. Eighteen 30-minute samples of System Analysis Recording (SAR) data were collected from the Fort Worth and Atlanta en route centers. Performance and Objective Workload Evaluation Research (POWER) measures and the Aircraft Mix Index were computed in 6-minute intervals for each of the 36 samples. Principal Components Analysis (PCA) of the combined data sets produced four components with eigenvalues >1 accounting for approximately 71% of the variance. The Aircraft Mix Index was most closely associated with Component 1, which was composed of variables generally associated with traffic complexity. These variables were used as predictors against a criterion of controllers' subjective "Complexity" ratings in multiple regression analyses of lowand high-altitude sector samples. The Aircraft Mix Index failed to contribute significantly to the explained variance in the both the low-altitude (R=.69; R=.47) and highaltitude (R=.57; R=.33) sector models. In the aggregate, the results suggest that although aircraft mix appears to be associated with traffic complexity, it may not be as influential as other complexity factors in the en route environment.


Long cables between a PWM inverter and a motor will result in over-voltage at motor terminals. PWM voltage source inverter generates high d/spl nu//dt and high frequency common-mode voltage, which leads to shaft voltage and bearing current. Conventional inverter output filter may eliminate over-voltage when using very longer cable, but cannot achieve better filtering effects under all kinds of operation conditions for its parameter values are fixed and is useless for decreasing the common-mode voltage. A new common-mode sinusoidal inverter output filter with variable inductors is proposed in this paper to achieve a motor-friendly performance of the PWM voltage source inverter, which can automatically adjust cutoff frequency of the filter and achieve optimizing sinusoidal waveforms when operation conditions are varying, and due to the common-mode connection, common-mode voltage is also reduced significantly. Common-mode and differential-mode problems are solved with the same filter configuration. Simulation and experimental results identify the effectiveness of the proposed filter.


OBJECTIVE Insulin degludec/insulin aspart (IDegAsp) is a soluble coformulation of the novel basal analog insulin degludec (IDeg: 70%) and insulin aspart (IAsp: 30%). We compared the safety and efficacy of IDegAsp, an alternative formulation (AF) (55% IDeg and 45% IAsp), and insulin glargine (IGlar) in insulin-naïve subjects with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with oral antidiabetic drugs. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In this 16-week, open-label trial, subjects (mean age 59.1 years, A1C 8.5%, BMI 30.3 kg/m2) were randomized to once-daily IDegAsp (n = 59), AF (n = 59), or IGlar (n = 60), all in combination with metformin. Insulin was administered before the evening meal and dose-titrated to a fasting plasma glucose (FPG) target of 4.0–6.0 mmol/L. RESULTS After 16 weeks, mean A1C decreased in all groups to comparable levels (IDegAsp: 7.0%; AF: 7.2%; IGlar: 7.1%). A similar proportion of subjects achieved A1C <7.0% without confirmed hypoglycemia in the last 4 weeks of treatment (IDegAsp: 51%; AF: 47%; IGlar: 50%). Mean 2-h postdinner plasma glucose increase was lower for IDegAsp (0.13 mmol/L) and AF (0.24 mmol/L) than IGlar (1.63 mmol/L), whereas mean FPG was similar (IDegAsp: 6.8 mmol/L; AF: 7.4 mmol/L; IGlar: 7.0 mmol/L). Hypoglycemia rates were lower for IDegAsp and IGlar than AF (1.2, 0.7, and 2.4 events/patient year). Nocturnal hypoglycemic events occurred rarely for IDegAsp (1 event) and IGlar (3 events) compared with AF (27 events). CONCLUSIONS In this proof-of-concept trial, once-daily IDegAsp was safe, well tolerated, and provided comparable overall glycemic control to IGlar at similar low rates of hypoglycemia, but better postdinner plasma glucose control.


Companies collect large amounts of various types of sensitive data e.g. user profiles, financial data, contracts, etc. Such a large amount of data and information is becoming increasingly difficult to manage, and even harder to protect against information security threats. Studies show that the gap between the existing security threats and associated response from companies is becoming larger and more over grows at an exponential rate. In other words, information security risks increase significantly as illustrated by the growing numbers and types of security incidents and data breaches. Managing different domains of information security has been in the focus of IT professionals for couple of decades now, resulting in the definition and adoption of international standards in this area. The first standards were created as a compilation of approaches and measures to minimize information security risks. They have been amended since, due to the development of modern technological and organizational solutions providing high level of information security in business settings. Nevertheless, information security initiatives do not require complex technological solutions, but need real leadership commitment and governance. Efficient and effective information security management is not possible without clear delegation of roles and responsibilities, good planning, systematic analyses and risk assessment, as well as determining adequate controls and measures for information security protection, followed by continuous review and performance evaluation of information security related efforts. Many companies have organizational and technological solutions (policies, standards, firewalls, etc.) for managing information security in place, but they are usually fragmented within various departments and on different levels. In such cases, the management is not truly involved, and information security goals are not aligned with corporate strategy. In line with that, this paper explores the importance of information security governance in modern business environment. Namely, the emphasis will be on positioning information security governance to corporate governance in general. Then, modes for implementing information security in corporations will be discussed along with detailing out information security roles and responsibilities across a company. Central part of the paper will analyze ISO/IEC 27001, the most commonly used standard i.e. a best practice approach for managing information security in corporations to ensure confidentiality, availability and integrity of sensitive information.


The design of a 50 Gbit/s master-slave D-type flip-flop for ETDM transmission system is presented. The chip is fabricated in an InP/InGaAs DHBT self-aligned technology with typical Ft and Fmax of about 160 GHz and 210 GHz respectively. We show how our design benefits at best from the available technology. The switching of the transistors is optimised as well as the sizing of basic blocks like emitter-followers or current switches. At this operating frequency, the layout step imposes to take into account propagation phenomena and interconnection parasitic elements, which necessarily degrade the performances. Appropriate methods are systematically applied to evaluate and reduce these effects.


This book is written on the base on Comprehensive disaster management plan by UNDP. Community based environmental risk assessment approach is applied for risk mapping of the union. Opinion of the community people are integrated here with the comprehensive plan. This book highlights the individual hazard risk of an area, which mainly noted from the various key person and primary stakeholders of the area. Data sources are very reliable and data collection process was entirely field base. Scientific methodology applied for the analysis and research designing in this book. Vulnerability of different community are calculated precisely by scientific method. GPS is used for the geographical location and measure for the Hazard extent. A detailed Social map is shown in terms of showing the community. A detailed hazard map is showing where the hazard extent and hazard level are showed precisely. Finally the Risk map showing the risk level and risk extent of the community. Arcview GIS, ArcGIS, Google Earth are used for the mapping. Wholly this book will described Community based risk assessment is that fruitful and effective system of disaster risk assessment.


The study analyzed livestock farmers' willingness to pay for extension services in South East Nigeria. Data were collected with structured and validated questionnaire from 360 randomly selected farmers .Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and a 4-point likert type scale. Results showed that only 35.30% of the farmers were willing to pay for agricultural extension services. The results also showed that farmers were willing to pay for extension services in home stead fish production, improved productions in poultry and piggery, but were not willing to pay for techniques in animal feed formulation and in sheep and goat productions. Farmers agreed that paying for extension services would make extension more need and problem centered and would increase the commitment of extension staff. This study concludes that both private and public extension services should be encouraged to exist side by side. Keywords: Agricultural extension, Livestock Farmers, Questionnaire, South East Nigeria, Willingness to pay.


According to recent insights, the phytoplankton of the eastern Adriatic Sea is composed of 888 determined species. The diatoms were composed of 518 species (330 pennates, 176 centric diatoms), dinoflagellates 254, prymnesiophyceae101, chrysophyceae 2, raphidophyceae 1 and euglenophyceae 2 species. The list is accompanied by data on the general distribution of species in the northern, central and southern part of the eastern Adriatic Sea. The sources of data were samples collected in naturally eutrophic areas (bays, highly stratified karstic estuaries), in areas with antropogenic influence (harbours), as well as in the oligotrophic southern Adriatic: The old published data were supplemented with more recent information from the period 1981-2000.


PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES
Online educational materials are growing in use, and dental students worldwide can benefit from higher quality and more accessible online supplemental resources. This study was created to evaluate the learning resources non-English speaking dental students desire and to pilot My Dental Key (MDK), an English, evidence-based, online dental educational platform.

METHODS
Third to sixth year dental students at the Huế University of Medicine and Pharmacy were asked to pilot MDK over a 5-week period and were invited to answer three surveys throughout the study. A preliminary survey was given to gauge the participants' (n = 209) preferences regarding the use of English-based dental educational resources. Participants (n = 58) completed a presurvey prior to accessing MDK. After the 5-week period, participants (n = 38) were given a postsurvey to evaluate the platform's effectiveness as a supplemental educational resource.

RESULTS
Overall, we found that: (1) students desire credible online supplemental resources in addition to current resources provided by their school, (2) the multimodal content that MDK provides is a strength that bridges language barriers (3) participants perceived that the content on MDK would help them in class and when treating patients.

CONCLUSIONS
Improving the quality of online supplemental dental resources will have the capability to progress the current educational landscape, and further resources should be created to best serve the global dental community.


Can muscle or myofascial pain in muscular dystrophies be relieved by muscle-centred acupuncture? After a discussion of the key notions of "myofascial trigger points" and specific acupuncture needle manipulations, we report some complex clinical cases among patients with NeuroMuscular Diseases (NMD) and Charcot Marie Tooth (CMT) in whom myofascial pain could not be controlled by drug treatments and/or physical techniques. They were seen on outpatient basis between 2010 and 2017 at the Rothschild Hospital (Paris), in the Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine (PRM) department. After the initial medical appointment, several care strategies were proposed, including neuro-acupuncture performed by a PRM physician. This department was linked to the Expert Center for Rare NMD "Paris-Nord-Est-Ile-de- France"


The roles of six carnivores as potential sources to sheep of the sarcosporidial parasites causing cysts in meat were compared in a series of experiments carried out between 1973 and 1980. The research was concomitant with other studies that confirmed the prey-predator-prey-predator cycle of transmission. Infected carnivores act as vectors, excreting in their faeces coccidial sporocysts infective to the meat animal. For 60 experimental infections, sheep meat containing sarcocysts or sarcocysts removed from sheep meat were fed to experimental carnivores. Faecal samples were examined for sporocysts over 60 days post infection. Neither macroscopic (visible) sarcocysts nor microscopic sarcocysts from sheep carcasses were transmissible by humans or by ferrets (domestic polecats). Microscopic sarcocysts were readily infective to dogs, both domestic and dingo, as well as to foxes, but not to cats. Large numbers of sporocysts that could contaminate the environment were excreted. Both fat and thin visible sarcocysts were transmitted exclusively to cats. Although cats responded with relatively low levels of sporocysts, these were considered adequate to provide sufficient pasture contamination for the life cycle to be perpetuated. It is concluded that, while domestic dogs may be the greatest source of infection for sheep with microscopic sarcocysts, foxes as vectors also pose a threat to sheep production. Similarly, due to their widespread presence, feral cats play a role as well as domestic or semi-domestic cats in the spread of sarcocysts causing visible carcass lesions.


By using image processing,in this paper,a method to quickly segment plant leaf image with frame was provided.By comparing local threshold segmentation and optimal threshold segmentation to gain the frame image and the binary leaf image,the experiment data showed that local threshold segmentation can better solve the segmentation problem,which provided good foundation for the further image processing.


The dynamic mechanism of the ferroelectric phase transition in SrTi(16O1-x18Ox)3induced by the isotope exchange of18O for16O is proposed. This mechanism is based on the electron-lattice p-d coupling, TO and TA phonon-phonon interactions and the quantum fluctuations (zero-point motion). The lowest zone center modeF1u(Γ) in the cubic phase splits intoA2u+Eumodes in the tetragonal phase and theEumode is the ferroelectric soft mode in SrTi18O3. It is shown that the application of hydrostatic pressure on the ferroelectric SrTi18O3depresses the transition temperature down to 0 K abovepc≈0.7 kbar through the electron-lattice strain coupling.∗Paper Originally Presented at 10th European Meeting on Ferroelectricity, Cambridge, U.K., August 3–8, 2003. E-mail:email@example.com


After qualifying David Turner followed the nomadic life of a junior doctor until his appointment to consultant anaesthetist, serving the then five hospitals of the Lowestoft and Great Yarmouth area. …


We have synthesized and studied the boron doped ZnO nanostructure thin films. The crystallinity of undoped and boron (B) doped ZnO (BZO) has been studied from XRD results. Using the Debye-Scherrer Formula, the grain size has been evaluated, which was found to decrease with increased doping concentration. The optical and electrical properties of (1, 3, 5 wt%) B-doped ZnO (BZO) has been investigated with reference to the undoped counterpart. The UV-VIS spectroscopic analysis revealed that the transmittance for undoped ZnO is maximum and it decreases with doping up to 3% but increases for 5% BZO. The dark as well as photo current–voltage (I–V) characteristics have been investigated in details and the changes occurred in the I-V characteristics with doping concentration as well as under illumination are also quite significant.


In recent years, with the rising demands one indoor comfort, the use of air conditioners is becoming more and more widespread. The energy consumption of air conditioners is rising, accounting for about 40%-60% of the total building energy consumption[1]. During the use of air conditioner in summer, the disordered discharge of condensate water and the excessive temperature of external machine are two major problems that need to be improved. In view of these above problems, we have designed a new type of self_powered external cooling shell of air conditioner. It includes condensate water collection subsystem, solar panel cover subsystem, energy storage subsystem, intelligent control and ultrasonic atomization subsystem. The purpose of this device is to collect the useless air conditioner condensate water and cool down the air conditioner external machine. This device can not only save water, but also enhance the effect of air conditioner refrigeration, save electric energy and enhance the service life of air conditioner.


This article discusses some of the complexities inherent in evaluating human rights education programs. The author argues that such evaluations need to be conscious and respectful of human rights values. In particular, it must be recognised that there are many different conceptions of human rights and different aims for human rights programs. Evaluators need to be sensitive to this diversity and respectful of different approaches to human rights when undertaking evaluations.


A way of improvement of operational properties of three-single-phase induction electric drives through application of combination cirсuits is introduced, a mathematical model is developed to analyze dynamic processes resulting from circuit switching in such electric drives.


Services are based on the needs of the clients. The needs are satisfied by the activities implemented in service processes, which have service interfaces with the client, service actors and process flow as their components. Service actors may be human or information systems. The service flow connects the service actors to each other and the connection between two actors has a similar kind of interface as the interface between the client and the service. Process analysis is used to recognize the weak points of the process. In service processes these may be in the operations or capabilities of the actors or in the interfaces, which are unable to implement reliable transfer of information without the possibility of misunderstanding or erroneous interpretations. This paper analyzes service processes based on real cases. The aim is to point out the importance of the adaptive and learning organization culture in the implementation of high service quality. The structure of the service process is simplified to cover the client as the service user and human actors or information systems as service providers. Generalization is made by allowing different combinations of the basic service situations. The paper provides an introduction to the central concepts and underlying assumptions related to the study concepts and also the means and methodology to be used in the analysis. The cases introduced are analyzed and a summary of the main findings is given at the end of the paper.


Despite dramatic increases in the rate at which bipolar disorder is being diagnosed in children and adolescents, there remain several outstanding questions regarding definitional issues, valid assessment procedures, effective treatment approaches, and the degree of continuity between early-onset bipolar disorder phenotypes and adult forms of the illness. In the present article, the authors provide a historical context for the current interest in early-onset bipolar spectrum conditions, followed by a discussion of phenomenology, definitional issues, prevalence rates, common comorbidities, differential diagnosis, course of illness, assessment, and treatment. The value of maintaining a multidisciplinary approach is emphasized, as well as the importance of going beyond standardized diagnostic criteria to understand the current and developmental contexts in which behaviors are being expressed.


The paper considers the possibility of using neural networks in solving differential equations and systems. The paper investigates the influence of various basic neural network topologies, various optimizers, activation functions, fast access links and some heuristic methods on the quality of neural network training and the accuracy of solving the differential equation.


The degradation of a polycarbonate by electron irradiation in oxygen and in vacuum has been examined. It was found that the polymer undergoes chain scission and that crosslinking apparently did not occur, the molecular weights of irradiated specimens were therefore determined from the intrinsic viscosity of methylene chloride solutions. From the relationship of molecular weight to radiation dose the value of G (scissions per 100 e.v. of energy absorbed) was found to be 0.14 in oxygen and 0.09 in vacuum. The effect of both molecular weight and radiation dose on the mechanical properties of polycarbonate irradiated in vacuum was studied. Conventional tensile properties were examined, and fracture energies were also obtained by use of a tensile impact apparatus based on the flywheel principle which was used to strain the speciments at 340 in./sec. With increase in radiation dose the maximum yield strength and extension fall slowly at first and then rapidly at a dose of approximately 100 Mrad. The elastic modulus is, however, virtually unaffected by irradiation and the attendant changes in molecular weight. The fracture energy falls steadily with radiation dose, and from the results a linear relationship, F = 0.0044 Mv − 59, between fracture energy F and molecular weight Mv has been obtained over the range examined, the energy, becoming immeasurably small at molecular weight below 13,500. The results suggested that in this case fracture energy was a better measure of residual strength after irradiation than other tensile properties. The chemical changes caused by radiation lead to greatly enhanced ultraviolet light absorption with a maximum at 305 mμ and a shoulder at 320 mμ. The absorption (E; 1%, 1 cm.), in oxygen and in vacuum was shown to be a linear function, E = 0.020 R + 0.32 of the radiation dose R. The changes in the infrared spectrum, in particular the carbonyl absorption, of irradiated specimens have been discussed. Mass spectrographic measurements showed that degradation proceeded with evolution of H2, CO, and CO2, both in oxygen and in vacuum.


This paper is a suggestion to reinforce Korean education at the organization the author is concerned. First of all, to identify actual Korean skills of students, evaluation over two times have been done objectively. And to solve real problems such as this evaluation and students` Korean skills improvement, school started to run research team about it. Number of students in classes was adjusted and gradual education has been improved. Next, for effective education in ``speaking``, ``listening``, ``reading`` and ``writing`` new curriculum which reinforces connectivity was made. For intensive Korean education, expanding class number was featured. In addition, education which has been done in many previous departments converged in Korean education department at International Language Institute, which made it possible to manage curriculum efficiently. At the same time, education, entrance, and international student administration have been able to be managed more closely, Finally, various system improvement and new curriculum settlement can be appraised as students Korean skill improvement, A variety of implementation drafts have been arranged, Based on intensive and systematic education, it is about improving Korean skill and acquiring various reeducation opportunity for unskilled students.


There are considered the peculiarities of electoral behavior of modern Russian youth depending on social origin, income level, social environment, education, age, and also analyzes the readiness of the youth electorate motivated to implement electoral activities.


Description of the two major funding streams used for statutory assessments for children and young people with special educational needs and assessment descriptors document.


Title of Thesis: RESEARCH ON MUSIC AND HEALING IN ETHNOMUSICOLOGY AND MUSIC THERAPY May May Chiang, Master of Arts, 2008 Directed By: Professor J. Lawrence Witzleben Department of Musicology and Ethnomusicology, Chair. This thesis examines current developments in the research and discourse on music and healing. Ethnomusicology has involved extensive work on documenting traditional music and healing traditions; however, ethnomusicologists have neglected to contribute their knowledge and effort to healthcare-oriented research. Music therapy, on the other hand, has been focusing on the benefit of the patient, but rarely relates its practices to traditional music and healing traditions or non-Western music. Despite the recent establishment of the Medical Ethnomusicology Special Interest Group in the Society for Ethnomusicology and increasing awareness of world music and cultural diversity in music therapy, scholars in the two fields have not yet collaborated with each other extensively. The motivations for this thesis are: to review previous developments in research on music and healing, to find out the reasons for the changes in the research trends of the past decade, and to see possible research directions in the future.


Driven by digitalization, convergence within the telecommunication and media sector is not only a today's phenomena, but will even become more important in the future. One of the most important dimensions of convergence is vertical integration, i.e. the merging of formerly independent firms along the value chain. Analyzing the economic aspects of vertical integration in the media and telecommunication sector, it is argued in this paper that convergence is clearly positive for the merging firms themselves. However, from the consumer perspective, there are positive as well as negative effects which do not allow for an unambiguous conclusion about convergence. The expected decrease in market prices due to a vanishing double monopoly markup is in favor of the demand side. On the other side, a vertical integrated firm will probably be able to foreclosure the access to the consumers against upstream firms (e.g. content producers), thus reducing the variety of media content. In the long run, this negative effect on product differentiation may even be strengthened by building up strategic entry barriers.


A complete low-power front end for particle detection applications is proposed. The front end integrates a charge sensitive amplifier with a novel adaptive biasing scheme which allows the DC bias currents to be scaled below conventional limits. A peak detector circuit obtains a peak value for each detection event which is then converted to digital via an 8 bit charge-redistribution successive approximation analog to digital converter. The ADC is shut off in between detection events to further reduce power consumption. The entire circuit consumes between 39muW and 400muW of power depending on the particle detection rate. This low power operation enables the development of compact, long-life, battery powered, remote particle sensors.


Previous data models of road networks include planar and non-planar models. In planar models, intersections of road networks are transformed into arcs, sections into nodes, and sequential pairs are used to represent arcs between nodes, which can simulate traffic direction of sections and turning limitation at intersections well, but fail to define the granularity of lane and the node height difference. Non-planar data models provide the data of node height difference, which avoid impossible turning in three-dimensional road networks, but shortages as lack of detailed information of road intersections and node height difference and the curtly defined granularity of lanes lead to the low efficiency of analysis of road networks. This paper proposes an NA+ model of road networks based on non-planar structure and combined node height difference with direction lane to describe non-planar structure of road networks. Node height difference is denoted as Arabic numerals, the granularity of lane is specified as direction lane. In GIS-T database, the intersection table and the direction lane table are used to describe node height difference and direction respectively. The model consists with the circumstance of road networks; it is proved to be applicable and feasible to the applications of GIS-T.


In a recent paper [2] Bott has proved that if a connected compact complex manifold admits a nonvanishing holomorphic vector field, then all the Chern numbers of M vanish. In this paper we first prove the following theorem. Theorem 1. Let M be a connected Hodge manifold, and suppose that there exists a nonvanishing holomorphic vector field X in M. Then there exists a nonvanishing holomorphic l-form ω in M such that ω{X) Φ 0. In particular, the first Betti number bx(M) of M is different from zero. We shall then study the structure of a Hodge manifold with zero first Chern class. We denote by cx(M) and q(M) the first Chern class and the irregularity (i.e., one half of the first Betti number) of M respectively, and by G the identity component of the group of all holomorphic transformations of hi. The group G is a connected complex Lie group. We shall prove the following two theorems which sharpen some of the recent results of Lichnerowicz [5]. Theorem 2. Let M be a connected Hodge manifold such that cλ(M) — 0. Then the group G is an abelian variety of dimension q(JM) and the isotropy subgroup of G at any point in M is a finite group. Theorem 3. Let M be a connected Hodge manifold and assume that cx{M) = 0 and q{M) > 0. Then there exist an abelian variety A and a connected Hodge manifold F with the following properties. a) cx(F) = 0 and q{F) = 0; b) A X F is a finite regular covering space of M and the group of covering transformations is solvable. After having finished this work, the author learned that Calabi stated these two theorems in his paper [4] as his well-known conjecture, and proved them under the assumption that M is a connected compact Kahler manifold with vanishing Ricci curvature tensor. 1. Let M be a connected compact Kahler manifold, and § and Q denote, respectively, the complex vector space of all holomorphic 1-forms and the complex Lie algebra of all holomorphic vector fields in M. Then dim I) = q(M) and we can identify g with the Lie algebra of the group G. If ω e Ij and X e g, then


that the fine detail needed to be left to local discussion. TheMedical school curricula are rapidly changing across the UK GMC also suggested that specialist groups might define thein response to the calls from the General Medical Council core content of courses [1].(GMC) for a more student centred approach [1]. This These gave an impetus to the development of a coreapproach should place less emphasis on acquisition of curriculum for the UK, for which the American coreknowledge and more on establishing lifelong patterns of self curriculum might provide a useful starting point. A furtherdirected learning. Such new courses are less subject based impetus to this approach was given by the establishment ofthan traditional courses, which may lead to concern on the a review committee of the Royal College of Physicians topart of traditional teachers that their subject is no longer review the current status and role of clinical pharmacologyconsidered important or even relevant. and therapeutics in the UK. A working party of theThe GMC identified the 'principles of therapy' as a key committee of the Clinical Section of the Britishcomponent of what should constitute a core curriculum for Pharmacological Society was therefore established to assistundergraduate training, implicitlyrecognising theimportance this review by developing the core course content.of clinical pharmacology and therapeutics [1]. But academicclinical pharmacologists have little room for complacency:flaws in the traditional teaching of clinical pharmacology


Electrochemical reactions mostly take place at a constant potential, but traditional DFT calculations operate at a neutral charge state. In order to really model experimental conditions, we developed a fixed-potential simulation framework via the iterated optimization and self-consistence of the required Fermi level. The B-doped graphene-based FeN4 sites for oxygen reduction reaction were chosen as the model to evaluate the accuracy of the fixed-potential simulation. The results demonstrate that *OH hydrogenation gets facile while O2 adsorption or hydrogenation becomes thermodynamically unfavorable due to the lower d-band center of Fe atoms in the constant potential state than the neutral charge state. The ORR overpotential obtained at a constant potential of 1.23 V agrees well with the experimental values. This work indicates that the fixed-potential simulation can provide a reasonable and accurate description on electrochemical reactions.


Chinese is one of the oldest and most widely used languages with an ideographic writing system. It is curious to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of Chinese in cognitive linguistics, cognitive informatics, and knowledge science. This paper presents a comparative study on the fundamental theories and formal models of Chinese and other languages. A number of interesting findings on the cognitive and social impacts of the widely used Chinese language are revealed. It is found that, although the idiographic languages are more efficient in language manipulation, the alphabetic languages contributed more to the development of the knowledge processing power of the brain. A set of fundamental properties of knowledge is elicited, which reveals that the knowledge space of an individual is proportional to both the number of concepts and the number of their relations developed in long-term memory of the brain. Toward a more powerful and efficient scientific language for rigorous inference, the expression means of the Chinese language may yet need to be extended in its abstraction mechanisms and a convergent approach to integrate and synergize observations and truths in order to form rigorous theories and a formal knowledge framework. The findings of this work provide a foundation for comparative studies on Chinese and other languages in particular, and for cognitive linguistics and knowledge science in general.


Traces are the records of the program executions, and for most programs a few of short hot traces affect the overall performance. In this paper, we propose a hardware/software partitioning method to extract the hardware acceleration modules based on traces. With the algorithm presented, hot traces are identified and transformed to atomic execution units using branch assertions to get high speedup at low cost. Experiment result shows that compared with annealing partitioning in granularity of instruction, the trace based method produces higher performance by average 9.6% and the hardware area is reduced by 29%.


Vibration dynamic absorber is in use to reduce machinery vibrations. This paper presents a novel idea for using the mass-spring absorber as an energy harvester. The aim is to tune the absorber to cancel the machine vibration and produce maximum vibration of the absorber mass to act as an energy harvester. The main vibrating system is damped and assumed as a SDOF. A new frequency is defined called harvesting frequency at which the amplitude of the absorber mass vibration is maximum. It is shown that his frequency is dependent only on the mass ratio of the absorber and independent of the main system damping ratio. The optimal operation of the proposed system is investigated for damping ratio between 0.1 and 0.4 and mass ratio between 0.05 and 4.5. The absorber succeeds to eliminate completely the main system vibrations at a tuning condition and provides high vibration amplitude at the absorber mass at the new defined harvesting frequency..


ARGO-M is a satellite laser ranging (SLR) system developed by the Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute with the consideration of mobility and daytime and nighttime satellite observation. The ARGO-M optical system consists of 40 cm receiving telescope, 10 cm transmitting telescope, and detecting optics. For the development of ARGO-M optical system, the structural analysis was performed with regard to the optics and optomechanics design and the optical components. To ensure the optical performance, the quality was tested at the level of parts using the laser interferometer and ultra-high-precision measuring instruments. The assembly and alignment of ARGO-M optical system were conducted at an auto-collimation facility. As the transmission and reception are separated in the ARGO-M optical system, the pointing alignment between the transmitting telescope and receiving telescope is critical for precise target pointing. Thus, the alignment using the ground target and the radiant point observation of transmitting laser beam was carried out, and the lines of sight for the two telescopes were aligned within the required pointing precision. This paper describes the design, structural analysis, manufacture and assembly of parts, and entire process related with the alignment for the ARGO-M optical system.


Following extraction of a symptomatic mandibular premolar which had been subjected to two periradicular surgical procedures, significant apical healing was identified histologically. The implications of these findings are discussed in relation to contemporary advocated treatment regimens, case assessment, and interpretation for success and failure.


Nephrotic syndrome and hypereosinophilic syndrome both are uncommon causes of arterial stroke. We had a young patient with internal carotid artery occlusion, who had both these rare associations and was found to have membranous nephropathy. Idiopathic hypereosinophilia was treated with corticosteroids and conventional parasiticidal therapy with the intention of bringing down the eosinophil count. Nephrotic syndrome was also treated with corticosteroids and immunosuppression with cyclophosphamide. Hematologic abnormalities are an important cause of arterial thrombosis with effective secondary prevention strategies. Similarly, nephrotic syndrome is not to be missed as early treatment may prevent vascular complications. While cause-effect associations remained presumptive and a single diagnostic label elusive, the patient was recognized and treated early and had a good prognosis. However, other common causes of stroke should always be worked up for, and vigilant follow-up mandatory for prevention and treatment of recurrences which can have devastating sequelae such as total blindness and other vascular outcomes.


The WISC-III and Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-Revised (Form M) were given to 84 students ranging in age from 6 to 16 years (M = 9.7 yr.; SD = 2.3 yr.). Correlations of .50 to .65 were found between the scores of the two tests with the exception of WISC-III Processing Speed and PPVT-R (.33). Differences between the means of the WISC-III scales and PPVT-R were not significant except for WISC-III Processing Speed and PPVT-R.


For more than 60 years sociologists have examined public attitudes toward persons with alcohol use disorders (AUDs), but there is little recent data on this topic. Using responses to vignettes administered in a 2003 national computer-assisted telephone survey (N = 1394) of employed Americans, this paper examines three research questions: (1) How willing are Americans to interact with persons with AUDs? (2) How are preferences for social distance shaped by known contact with a problem drinker? (3) How does treatment-seeking behavior of a known problem drinker influence such preferences? Results indicate that respondents are reluctant to interact with persons with AUDs, especially in the context of work and family life. Multivariate analyses reveal that respondents who knew a relative or coworker with a drinking problem were more likely to desire social distance from the alcohol dependent vignette person. Consistent with the social contact thesis, respondents who reported spending more time with a known problem drinker, were less likely to desire social distance from persons with AUDs, as were respondents who reported that the known problem drinker received treatment from a counselor, psychiatrist, or physician. These results suggest that stigma associated with AUDs may be decreased through formal treatment for AUDs, as well as by greater diffusion of knowledge about the positive effects of treatment.


This paper presents a new classification method for single person's motion, which is represented by Haar wavelet transform and classified by Hidden Markov Models. What it solves is that the feature points are detected by Haar wavelet transform. We extract binary silhouette and segment them by cycle after creating the background model. Then the low-level features are detected by Haar wavelet transform and principal vectors are determined by Principal Component Analysis. We utilize Hidden Markov Models to train and classify cycle sequences, and demonstrate the usability. Compared with others, our approach is simple and effective in feature point detection, as the advantages of Haar wavelet transform detector lying in computational complexity. So the video surveillance based on these is practicable in (but not limited to) many scenarios where the background is known.


Adenylate cyclase (AC) activity in vessels is associated with vasodilation. The AC family includes 10 members of which AC9 is the least studied. We recently demonstrated that Adcy9 inactivation in mice protects from atherosclerosis in the aorta and potentiates endothelium-dependent vasodilation (EDV) to acetylcholine (ACh) in femoral arteries (FA). Our objectives were 1) to determine Adcy9 expression in FA; 2) investigate endothelial signalling pathways associated with Adcy9 inactivation-induced potentiation of ACh-induced EDV; and 3) to assess the effect of Adcy9 inactivation on EDV during flow-mediated dilation (FMD). FA were isolated from 8 to 13 week-old Adcy9- inactivated ( Adcy9 Gt ) and wild-type (WT) littermate mice. Adcy9 expression was studied in WT FA tissue section by in situ hybridization (ISH) using Adcy9 and negative control probes. Diameter of pressurized (80 mmHg) FA (internal diameter 288±3 μm) was studied in response to ACh (n=7-14) and shear stress (n=12) up to 20 dynes/cm 2 after preconstriction with phenylephrine. To study the role of endothelial signalling pathways in response to ACh-induced EDV, FA were incubated in absence or presence of inhibitors for nitric oxide (NO) synthase (L-NNA 0.1 μM), cyclooxygenase (meclofenamate 1 μM) and endothelial hyperpolarization (TRAM-34 10 μM plus apamin 0.1 μM). ISH with Adcy9 probe resulted in numerous dots in the vascular wall of the FA. Meclofenamate and the combination of TRAM-34 plus apamin decreased maximal (E max ) EDV to ACh, respectively, by 40 and 17% in Adcy9 Gt (P max to ACh by 26% in WT (P Adcy9 Gt (P Adcy9 inactivation tended to increase FMD to shear stress ranging from 6 to 20 dynes/cm 2 : At 10 dynes/cm 2 , FMD was increased from 25.4±4.9% in WT to 37.4±4.9% in Adcy9 Gt mice (P=0.083, n=12 per group). In conclusion, our data show that FA express Adcy9 and that Adcy9 inactivation increases the effects of endothelial NO, hyperpolarization and cyclooxygenase pathways in EDV. A numerical increase in FMD in Adcy9 Gt compared to WT confirms the potentiating effect of Adcy9 inactivation on EDV. The potentiation of endothelial dilatory pathways appears to be associated with the anti-atherosclerotic effects of Adcy9 inactivation.


Introduction: Coronary revascularization via coronary arterial bypass grafting (CABG) or percutaneous coronary intervention/stents (PCI) is rarely required in children. We report frequency, indications, in-hospital mortality and follow-up of coronary revascularization procedures from a registry of pediatric cardiac centers. Methods: Retrospective cohort study (1982-2007) from the Pediatric Cardiac Care Consortium for CABG or PCI in children (<18 years). We collected age at procedure, primary diagnosis, indication, timing relative to other procedures, in-hospital mortality, and long term follow up data. Results: We identified 109 patients with coronary revascularization procedures (males 64, females 45). Of them, 92 were primary CABG (median age 8.4 years, range 3 days - 17.4 years) and 17 primary PCI (median age 10.2 years, range 77 days-17.0 years). In total, 79 were performed for surgical heart diseases and 30 for various medical conditions (e.g. Kawasaki disease, heart transplantation). The most common...


The invention provides a method for measuring volatility phenol compound in white wine and belongs to the field of researching the white wine flavor. The method of the invention qualitatively and quantitatively analyzes the volatility phenol compound in white wine by combining the dipping solid phase micro-extraction technique (DI-SPEM) with gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer technique (GC-MS). The method of the invention can rapidly detect and accurately quantify the volatility phenol compound in the white wine by using the dipping solid phase micro-extraction technique without fussy pre-treating process. The method is rapid and simple. The accuracy of the result is promoted by using the gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer technique to detect the volatility phenol compound in the white wine. Seven phenol compounds in the measured scope have an excellent linear relationship that R2 is more than 0.99; the limit of the detection of the seven phenol compounds I is less than 7 ug/L; the relative standard deviation is less than 15%; the recovery rate is ranged between 85% and 115%. The invention provides a base for further researching the forming principle of the volatility phenol compound and has a significance to improve the quality of the white wine.


As debate continues1 we hope to shed some light on the development of Sartre's thought by returning to his philosophical beginnings, to his phenomenology, confident that it is here, in its origins, that we will find what has always been the very center of his thought.


Hydraulic fracturing in tight, naturally fractured reservoirs is a difficult process and qualifying effectiveness in such an environment is complicated. Through evaluation of naturally fractured shale and naturally fractured sandstone case studies, we will show how hydraulic fracturing effectiveness in naturally fractured reservoirs can be qualified. For this evaluation, we will use lumped and fully three-dimensional (3D) hydraulic fracturing models, analytic bottomhole treating pressure analysis techniques, analytical reservoir models, and finite-difference reservoir simulation. When used together, these techniques can characterize negative effects that can occur to the natural fracture system during the hydraulic fracturing process. These effects relate to the extent of natural fracturing, permeability anisotropy, pressure dependent leakoff, and natural fracture damage.


Laboratory tests were conducted to evaluate the performance of cement stabilized "skeleton-dense structure" aggregate and conventional "suspended-dense structure" aggregate. In this study, both of the aggregates above were stabilized by cement with different cement content (2%, 3%, 4%, 5% and 6%). Performances of the prepared specimens were studied in terms of compaction property, 7 day unconfined compressive strength (UCS), thermal shrinkage coefficient and 30 min erosion quantity. Results indicated that the maximum dry density of cement stabilized "skeleton-dense structure" aggregate is bigger than that of cement stabilized "suspended-dense structure" aggregate slightly. On the contrary, the optimum moisture content of the former is slightly smaller than that of the latter one. Along with the increase of cement content, the 7 day UCS and thermal shrinkage coefficient of cement stabilized two aggregates were all increase, and 30 min erosion quantity of cement stabilized two aggregates were all decrease. At the same cement content level, the 7 day UCS of cement stabilized "skeleton-dense structure" aggregate is greater than that of cement stabilized "suspended-dense structure" aggregate, and the thermal shrinkage coefficient and erosion quantity in 30 min of the former is smaller than that of the latter.


Introduction: We have developed the first international evidence‐based guideline for the diagnosis and management of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), with an integrated translation program incorporating resources for health professionals and consumers. The development process involved an extensive Australian‐led international and multidisciplinary collaboration of health professionals and consumers over 2 years. The guideline is approved by the National Health and Medical Research Council and aims to support both health professionals and women with PCOS in improving care, health outcomes and quality of life. A robust evaluation process will enable practice benchmarking and feedback to further inform evidence‐based practice. We propose that this methodology could be used in developing and implementing guidelines for other women's health conditions and beyond.


This paper considers the eect of police enforcement on roadway safety. Because of simultaneity, estimating the causal eect of police on crime is often di¢ cult. We overcome this obstacle by focusing on a mass layoof the Oregon State Police in February of 2003, stemming from Measure 28. Due solely to budget cuts, 35 percent of the roadway troopers were laid o¤. The decrease in enforcement, de…ned by either troopers employed or citations given, is strongly correlated with a substantial increase in injuries and fatalities on highways. Our estimates link the mass layoof police to a 10-20 percent increase in injuries and fatalities, with the strongest eects under fair weather conditions outside of city-limits where state police employment levels are most relevant. To further corroborate our …ndings, we also estimate the relationship between trooper employment levels and fatalities over the period 1979-2005 for Oregon, Idaho, and Washington, …nding a 10 percent increase in trooper employment per vehicle mile traveled reduces fatalities per vehicle mile traveled on all roads by 1.8 percent and on highways outside of city of limits under fair weather conditions by 4.9 percent.


The purpose of this document is to establish a concept for test and evaluation (T&E) for the Defense Data Network (DDN) as a whole. This concept is based on the requirements of the DDN in its evolving configurations (e.g., MILNET, SACDIN, DODIIS, ..., DDN); the goals and priorities of the DDN DCS DSD; the needs of the various DDN user communities; knowledge of the ARPANET technology; and experience in T&E of systems and independent verification, validation, and test (IVV&T) of software and hardware. Since 1983 Intermetrics has been a contractor for Independent Validation and Verification (IV&V) support to the Testing branch of the Defense Data Network Defense Communications System Data Systems Directorate (DDN DCS DSD).


Media investor Peter 'Big Brother' Bazalgette hopes that online behavioural advertising can fund content in the future. At his Polis speech he was challenged by LSE Privacy expert Gus Hosein who warned that allowing your data to be stored by others is a slippery slope to state surveillance.


Graphene, a 2D material, has been used for generation of pulse lasers due to the presence of its various fascinating optical properties compared to other materials. Hence in this paper, we report the first demonstration of a thulium doped fiber laser with a wavelength-tunable, passive Q-switched output using a graphene-polyvinyl-alcohol composite film for operation in the 2.0 µm region. The proposed laser has a wavelength-tunable output spanning from 1932.0 nm to 1946.0 nm, giving a total tuning range of 14.0 nm. The generated pulse has a maximum repetition rate and average output power of 36.29 kHz and 0.394 mW at the maximum pump power of 130.87 mW, as well as a pulse width of 6.8 µs at this pump power. The generated pulses have a stable output, having a signal-to-noise ratio of 31.75 dB, and the laser output is stable when tested over a period of 60 min. The proposed laser would have multiple applications for operation near the 2.0 micron region, especially for bio-medical applications and range-finding.


Iurii Lotman authored nearly forty books and articles about Aleksandr Pushkin's works, life, and personality; there is little doubt, therefore, that the poet was central to Lotman's scholarly interests. Nonetheless, Lotman turned to Pushkin's legacy relatively late in his scholarly career: while his first article was published in 1949, his first article on Pushkin appeared only in 1960. Both Lotman's kandidatskaia and doktorskaia dissertations were devoted to far more marginal figures and issues of Russian literary development: the former to Aleksandr Radishchev and Nikolai Karamzin, and the latter to early nineteenth-century literature.


The proteasome is a multi-catalytic protease complex that is involved in protein quality control via three proteolytic activities (i.e., caspase-, trypsin-, and chymotrypsin-like activities). Most cellular proteins are selectively degraded by the proteasome via ubiquitination. Moreover, the ubiquitin–proteasome system is a critical process for maintaining protein homeostasis. Here, we briefly summarize the structure of the proteasome, its regulatory mechanisms, proteins that regulate proteasome activity, and alterations to proteasome activity found in diverse diseases, chemoresistant cells, and cancer stem cells. Finally, we describe potential therapeutic modalities that use the ubiquitin–proteasome system.


There is provided a defect detection apparatus capable of highly accurately detecting a defect of a size not larger than a size desired by the user, in which the size setting device sets the defect size, the reduction ratio setting device sets an image reduction ratio based on the set defect size, the image reduction device generates a reduced image obtained by reducing the original multi-valued image, the filter processing device performs filter processing on the reduced image for removing a defect in the reduced image, the image enlarging device generates an enlarged image obtained by enlarging the reduced image, subjected to the filter processing, at an image enlargement ratio corresponding to the reciprocal of the image reduction ratio, and the difference calculating device generates a difference image obtained by performing a calculation of a difference between the original multi-valued image and the enlarged image.


abstracte feasibility of a thermal energy is discussed in which the temperature of heat source equal to the surrounding temperature and the exhaust temperature colder than the surrounding temperature. Because of many space bodies have the large different temperature batwing of the cold range and the heat range and batwing of the cold time and the heat time, since this reran the cold engine is fit for energy source of the space base.


Background: The benefits and risks of administering intravenous unfractionated heparin (UFH) before fibrinolytic therapy in the treatment of patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) remain unclear. This study investigated the effectiveness and safety of intravenous UFH before fibrinolytic therapy in STEMI patients.Methods: A total of 260 STEMI patients were divided into a no-heparin group (n=130) and UFH group (n=130) according to whether they received intravenous UFH before fibrinolytic therapy. The infarction related artery (IRA) patency rate was determined by echocardiography. The primary end point was the clinical patency rate within 120 min after thrombolysis. The safety end point was the occurrence of a severe bleeding event such as gastrointestinal bleeding or stroke. Covariates were balanced by propensity score matching, and the effectiveness of the treatment strategies was compared using a Cox proportional hazard model and subgroup analysis. The safety of intravenous UFH treatment was evaluated using a Cox proportional hazard model.Results: The IRA patency rate was higher in the UFH group than in the no-heparin group. Additionally, UFH as pre-thrombolytic therapy was associated with a significantly lower risk of composite effectiveness outcomes but not a significantly lower risk of composite safety outcomes compared with the no-heparin therapy. Moreover, the 7- and 12-day survival rates were higher in the UFH group than in the no-heparin group. No significant difference in bleeding risk was observed between the two groups.Conclusion: Intravenous UFH administered before fibrinolytic therapy improved the IRA patency rate in STEMI patients with appreciable safety.


As the world is becoming technology advanced and fossil fuel depletion has become the main concern to transform our country to a developed nation, load analysis and forecast play an important role in levelling down the demand and improving the energy efficiency. In this project, load analysis has been carried out at one of the buildings of Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR) Kuala Lumpur (KL) campus, namely SE block. Real time load data is collected in the main switch room at ground floor using two TES-3600 power analyzers. Data is recorded every minute by the power analyzer and being processed in spreadsheet program, namely Microsoft Office Excel. All the data collected is sorted in 15 minutes interval for the ease of data analysis. Correlation for the same weekdays and different weekdays are compared to have a better understanding between the loads as well. Then, the data processed is used for load forecasting. The methods being applied in this project are exponential smoothing and Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA). Both methods are used for short-term load forecasting. Every nine past weekdays will be collected for predicting the tenth weekdays. For instance, nine past Mondays are used to forecast the tenth Monday by using both the forecasting methods. Results obtained are then compared for their efficiency by correlation, Mean Absolute Error (MAE), and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE). The comparison shows the result of the exponential smoothing method has slightly higher correlation over the ARIMA method. However, the MAPE of the exponential smoothing method is much lower than the ARIMA method.


heating (SWH) industry started in the 1980s, the market was initially focused on low income families in the countryside or in small towns at that time. The technology was simple, supplying hot water at low cost for domestic use. From the 1990s, the market developed along with the technology into three types of SWH: evacuated tube SWH, flat plate SWH and combined storage SWH. The more technically advanced evacuated tube and flat plate water heaters were aimed at comparably higher income inhabitants in small and mediumscale cities during that period. In the late 1990s, along with the development of people's quality of living, the increase of hot water demand provided the market space for further SWH development with production expanding, thus bringing a broader awareness of the various SWH technologies and brands. Since 2002, integration of SWH into buildings has become a new hot spot of development, some major SWH enterprises have begun to develop full time supply SWH systems which are higher quality and more efficient systems that are easy to integrate with buildings. Several SWH pilot projects in which systems have been integrated more seamlessly into buildings have been constructed, and present excellent examples for demonstration and promotion.


Let us define SmWn as a set of operationally defined homonyms of the word Wn the list Sm: one of the five lists studied. The set SHWn ≡∩m = 1m = 5SmWn contains homonyms of Wn in every one of these lists. Any word in SUWn ≡∪m = 1m = 5SmWn is a homonym of Wn, in at least one of these lists. (X)* indicates words not in X. A word in SPWn ≡ SUWn∩ (SHWn)* is a homonym of Wn in some list(s) but not in all lists. For a word Wn1 in Sg ≡ SmWn1⊂SUWn1, i.e., SPWn1≠Φ, the set Q = SPWn1∩ (SPWn1∩Sg)* primarily contains minimal pairs of words in Sg or in SPWn1 that are suitable for definition of phonemes according to Sm. Any word in Q is also a homonym of Wn1eSg according to at least one word list. The sum of all words that can be either homonyms or minimal pairs exceeds 37% of the above mentioned homonyms: a measure of the differences in dialects, or of imprecisions of phonetic transcriptions, or of requirements in phoneme definition? [Work supported by Lockheed Independent Research.]


Field experiments were conducted during kharif seasons of 1996 and 1997 to find out the effective dose and time of application of ethoxysulfuron to control broad-leaved weeds and sedges in direct seeded puddled rice. Ethoxysulfuron 30 g/ha resulted in significantly lower population of broad-leaved weeds in sedges and hence lower total weed dry weight which ultimately resulted in significantly higher yield attributes and grain yield of rice over other treatments at both the times of application (15 and 20 DAS). However, ethoxysulfuron 30 g/ha was at par with ethoxysulfuron 20 g/ha (15 DAS) during both the years of study.