This article examines the intersection of oil industry interests and the growth strategy of local elites in the wake of Ventura, California's oil boom of the 1920s. It amends urban growth machine and civic boosterism theory by showing why cosmopolitan capital may exert influence over parochial politics even if it does not have a direct interest in population increase. The study also finds that oil development sustained long-term quantitative growth for this coastal community, much as Roger M. Olien and Diana Davids Olien found in their study of five towns in the Permian basin of west Texas. Owing to the influence of outside companies, however, boosters failed to develop Ventura qualitatively as a tourist and recreational destination. Indeed, by the 1950s, Ventura more closely resembled inland California oil towns in terms of place than nearby Santa Barbara, which boosters had hoped to emulate.


This paper presents a new generalized path loss equation that takes in to account both small-scale multipath fading as well as large-scale path loss including lognormal shadowing. The probability density function (pdf) of the signal to interference ratio (SIR) for wireless networks with Nakagami-m channel model is analytically derived using the new path loss equation. We choose the Nakagami-m channel fading model because it encompasses a large class of fading channels. Using convolution, Fourier or Mellin transforms, the results obtained for a single interference scenario can be extended to multiple interference scenario. The results presented show good agreement between the analytical and Monte Carlo based methods.


Iron is an essential cofactor required for several biological functions. The iron content in the body is known to be influenced by several factors including genetic composition. However, there is limited knowledge about potentially functional genes and metabolic pathways related to the iron content in cattle. To identify candidate gene networks associated with muscle iron content, we performed weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) in a Nelore population of 60 steers. Gene expression was measured with RNA-Seq in Longissimus dorsi muscle samples and genomic estimated breeding values for iron content (GEBV-IC) were used as a quantitative trait. After quality control of raw reads and normalization, blockwise modules function was carried out using the 800 highest connected genes, and the signed network was constructed using a β = 14 (R2 = 0.89). From the co-expression modules detected by WGCNA, we found six modules to be significantly correlated with GEBV-IC. Response to the hormone, mRNA metabolic process, and mitochondrial organization were biological process found significantly enriched for the genes presented in the associated modules. We identified as hub Pin1 and MRPL genes which are iron responsive and play a major role in metabolism, cell division, and growth. Genes involved with muscle structure development such as ACTA1, SRF, and GSK3A were identified. The transcription factor SRF stimulates both cell proliferation and differentiation, and it is a master regulator of the actin cytoskeleton. The detected coexpression modules in this study provide evidence for substantial interplay between genes in processes influencing iron content. Further studies will be required to understand the underlying regulatory mechanisms of the observed co-expression networks.


A mutant of Staphylococcus aureus NCTC 8511 (PS 53) which lacks the ability to produce acid from mannitol, fructose, galactose, sucrose, lactose, and maltose has been isolated. The mutant, HS 635, like the parent, is capable of producing acid from glucose. Colonies with the mutant phenotype have been recovered many times following ultraviolet irradiation and have been found as spontaneous variants in stock cul-


Abstract. Dwiati M, Susanto AH, Budisantoso I. 2022. Somatic embryogenesis of the selected intergeneric hybrid between Phalaenopsis 2166 and Vanda' Saint Valentine': Application of NAA and TDZ. Nusantara Bioscience 14: 160-165. Intergeneric hybridization between Phalaenopsis 2166 and Vanda' Saint Valentine' has produced a hybrid seedling with several characters potentially developing into plant individuals with flowers of better performance. Therefore, identical clones of the selected hybrid should be developed into PLBs using an in-vitro culture technique employing somatic embryogenesis supported by the application of plant growth regulators. This study aims to unveil the effect of NAA and TDZ in stimulating the formation of identical clones of the selected intergeneric hybrid between Phalaenopsis 2166 and Vanda' Saint Valentine'. The experiment was arranged in a factorial Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) involving two factors, i.e., types of plant growth regulators and the levels of concentrations of each substance. It was found that the combination of NAA and TDZ significantly affected the growth of the identical clones. Furthermore, the combination of NAA 0.5 mgL-1 and TDZ 1.5 mgL-1 resulted in clones that potentially differentiate into PLBs. This finding indicates that NAA and TDZ should be applied appropriately to stimulate somatic embryogenesis in the intergeneric hybrid.


Objective: To obtain the purified human ovarian normal fibroblasts(NFs) preliminarily.Methods: The ovarian tissues were dissociated by 0.25% trypsin,after overgrowing on the bottom of the culture dish,the cells were adhered to the bottom of the dish repeatedly to depurate them.Then the cells were verified according to its morphology under the inverted-microscope and were further confined by a series of biological markers with immunocytochemistry.And its growth cure was observed.Results: The typical shape of ovarian NFs was fusiform,cords like,triangular,polyangular and irregular.Most of them contain Pseudopods-like structure.The NFs showed positive staining for vimentin,fibroblast specific protein-1,desmin and α-smooth muscle actin,negative staining for cytokeratin pan,cytokeratin 7,cytokeratin 20,CD31,CD90,MMP-2,MMP-3,MMP-9,CA125,CA19-9,CEA,fibroblast activation proteinα(FAP-α) and platelet-derived growth factor receptorα(PDGFR-α).Conclusion: Human ovarian NFs were cultured successfully,which provides a tool for further studies on ovarian cancer and carcinoma associated fibroblasts.


For future liquid rocket engines, advanced cryogenic combustion chambers are needed, both for Expandable Launch Vehicles (ELVs) or Reusable Launch Vehicles (RLVs). As a consequence of higher combustion chamber pressures extreme heat loads to the chamber walls, especially to the throat section, make alternatives to conventional regenerative cooling techniques almost mandatory. Transpiration cooling where a small amount of the fuel passes through porous walls into the combustion chamber is a very promising technique [14], [7]. This contribution summarizes both the experimental and the numerical work in the field of transpiration cooling performed at DLR Lampoldshausen. The experiments presented here have been performed using gaseous hydrogen at ambient temperature as coolant flow. Parallel to the experimental approach, some theoretical and numerical work has been carried out. Transient temperature distributions inside the porous wall are predicted modeling the heat transport problem as onedimensional in cylindrical coordinates. The hot gas side heat transfer is described applying a Bartz equation modified to account for the blowing boundary condition. Furthermore, coolant and wall are handled separately.


The surface of which the equation is f(x, y, z, h, k)= 0, ........ (1) is called for convenience "the surface (h, k)." The space, or solid, included between the surfaces (h1, k), (h2, k), is called "the shell (h2 h2, k); " and that included between the surfaces (h, k2), (h, k2) is called "the shell (h, k2 k2)." [This notation is borrowed, with a slight alteration, from Mr. Cayley.] It is assumed that the equation (1) represents closed surfaces for all values of the parameters h, k, within certain limits, and that (within these limits) the surface (h, k) is not cut by either of the surfaces (h + dh, k), (h, k + dk). It is also supposed that there exists a value h∞ of h, for which the surface (h∞, k) extends to infinity in every direction. Lastly, it is supposed that if k be considered a function of x, y, z, h, by virtue of (1), the two following partial differential equations are satisfied.


Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic unexplained condition characterized by abdominal discomfort or pain that is intimately linked to disturbed defecation; bloating is a common accompanying symptom [1, 2]. Specific symptom-based criteria have been identified for the syndrome, and a positive diagnosis is possible based on taking an adequate medical history [1-3]. Multiple deranged pathophysiological mechanisms have been identified in this condition, including abnormalities of gut transit and sensation, but whether the motility abnormalities arise primarily from within the gastrointestinal tract or in the central nervous system, or both, remains unclear [2, 3]. There is general agreement that the brain/gut axis is disturbed in IBS, and drugs that modulate this axis theoretically may be able to reduce symptomatology [3]. In patients who fail first line gut directed therapy for IBS, a trial of antidepressant treatment is often considered as a reasonable next step in clinical practice [2, 3]. It is established that the tricyclic antidepressants can slow intestinal transit and therefore may be particularly useful in patients with diarrhea-predominant IBS [4]. Alternatively, the selective serotonin reuptaking inhibitor (SSRI) drug class can accelerate colonic transit [4]; this drug class reduces reuptake of serotonin by the gut serotonin transporter, leading to accumulation of serotonin in the neuroenteric system that can stimulates peristalsis. Therefore, pharmacologically it makes sense to consider targeting patients with constipation predominant IBS using the SSRI drug class. The SSRI's are also often better tolerated than the tricyclic antidepressants, and have anxiety reducing benefits that may also be potentially of value in IBS [5]. In this issue of the Journal, Rahimi et al., report the results of a meta-analysis limited to evaluating the efficacy of SSRI's in IBS; overall, SSRIs were not significantly better than placebo for the relief of individual IBS symptoms [6]. Little data have been published on SSRIs in IBS. Despite a comprehensive search, the authors of this meta-analysis found only five randomized placebo-controlled trials that they could include. This resulted Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic Jacksonville, USA


Address correspondence to: James P. AuBuchon, MD, Chair, BEST Collaborative, Department of Pathology, DartmouthHitchcock Medical Center, One Medical Center Drive, Lebanon, NH 03756; e-mail: email@example.com. Received for publication July 16, 2005; revision received September 6, 2005, and accepted September 6, 2005. doi: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2006.01020.x TRANSFUSION 2006;46:59S-66S. Platelet radiolabeling procedure


China's public security authorities are the functional department of the government with dual functions, administrative and judicial, namely making investigations of a great preponderance of criminal cases according to the law. The investigations by the public security authorities may infringe upon the lawful rights and interests of citizens, legal persons and other organizations. In this case, how should actions against the illegal exercise of functions and powers be accepted ? It is one of the toughest problems faced by the people's court of law. The difficulty lies in ascertaining the nature of the investigations. Are they administrative acts or criminal investigation acts ? We seem to be led astray into two wrong understandings : "consequence test" and "form test ". Different views should be put forward on the basis of reflecting upon the two kinds of tests. In order to protect the litigious rights of the litigants, judicial review supervision of the investigations should be strengthened under the prerequisite of complete acceptance of the case by the people's court of law.


As an exploration method that has higher resolution compared to the surface seismic exploration and larger lateral depth of investigation compared to traditional acoustic well logging, acoustic reflection well logging has attracted much attention recently. Under acoustic well logging conditions, the borehole filled with drilling fluid forms a waveguide which trap most the energy triggered by the source, which lead to several periods duration of the waveform. For this reason, we would get several reflect events even there's only one reflector. This problem in acoustic reflection well logging is very similar to the wavelet compression problem in seismic exploration data processing where deconvolution is used to solve it. We find that direct multichannel predictive deconvolution can compress the reflect events effectively in acoustic reflection well logging data after we processed a number data sets. Direct multichannel predictive deconvolution method integrates the adjacent traces to predict the filter operator while the commonly used deconvolution methods only use the single trace which is fit for the few traces (8 traces) in acoustic well logging. Finally the processing examples of synthetic reflection logs by finite difference modeling and field recorded acoustic reflection imaging logs from a Chinese oil field are presented.


. Abstract: The Pirity sub-basin has a series of drilled wells, some of which were selected to describe their litho - logical units for correlation and subsequent contrast with seismic lines in order to determine the lithological arrangement within the Pirity sub-basin, for this purpose the data provided by PETROPAR and CENIHP were accessed and finally processed in specialized programs and through this generate an interpretation and geological relationship which will help to characterize the geology of the sub-basin.


Poutsma (1926: 441–447) says of sentences like: (I) I could have got the money easily enough. that 'the notion of completed action in this combination [is expressed] not in the finite verb, where it logically belongs, but in the following infinitive'. He speaks of this phenomenon as 'tense-shifting'; I have preferred 'past tense transportation' (PTT) in order to make it clear that it is only the Past Tense that is involved, I and to avoid confusion with the quite different but more frequent use of 'tense- shifting' in accounts of the 'sequence of tenses' in indirect speech, etc., where a direct speech non-Past is commonly said to be 'backshifted' to a Past Tense (She is ill ∽ He said she was ill).


Reinforcement learning (RL) and brain-computer interfaces (BCI) have experienced significant growth over the past decade. With rising interest in human-in-the-loop (HITL), incorporating human input with RL algorithms has given rise to the sub-field of interactive RL. Adjacently, the field of BCI has long been interested in extracting informative brain signals from neural activity for use in human-computer interactions. A key link between these fields lies in the interpretation of neural activity as feedback such that interactive RL approaches can be employed. We denote this new and emerging medium of feedback as intrinsic feedback. Despite intrinsic feedback's ability to be conveyed automatically and even unconsciously, proper exploration surrounding this key link has largely gone unaddressed by both communities. Thus, to help facilitate a deeper understanding and a more effective utilization, we provide a tutorial-style review covering the motivations, approaches, and open problems of intrinsic feedback and its foundational concepts.


In 1963 Kay and Egerton 1 and in 1965 Kay, Tsuji, and Redington2 reported on the surgical treatment of mitral insufficiency associated with torn chordae tendineae.


Stunting, adolescent frac- tures, and osteoporosis later in life are all public health problems that may be eradicated with adequate nutrient intake in preschool diets. Preschool children's nutrient consumption was studied using the weighed food intake method. Demographic data were obtained using a questionnaire. A total of 116 preschool children in 9 villages formed the population for the study. Data were analyzed using EPI Info version 3.3.2 and the SPSS software package. The preschoolers' mean intake of protein (17.0 g) and energy (1068 kcal) was lower than Food and Agricul- tural Organization of the United Nations (FAO)/World Health Organiza- tion (WHO)-recommended intake, and calcium (474 mg) was lower than the Food and Nutrition Board-recommended intake. Zinc intake (9.9 mg) marginally met basal dietary requirements for zinc as recommended by WHO in a low-bioavailability diet. When subjects were separated according to age group, the nutrient intake of protein and calcium increased with age, but it was not statistically different (P < .05). Zinc consumption by children between the ages of 2 and 3 years was statisti- cally lower (P < .05) than the con- sumption by the children between the ages of 3 to 4 years and 4 to 5 years. The energy intake in children aged 2 to 4 years was significantly lower (P < .05) than the intake of children aged 4 to 5 years. By the end of preschool age, the consumption of all nutrients was low, except for zinc, which marginally met the basal requirement of the subjects.


The frame element is commonly used for construction stage analysis PSC bridges. However, the frame element does not show sufficient information in the curved PSC box bridges. For the case of curved PSC bridges, the deformations in the inner and outer web are different. In this case, the different jacking forces are required in the inner and outer webs. And it is impossible to calculate different jacking forces in the inner and outer webs if we use the frame element for construction stage analysis. In order to overcome this problem, the use of shell element is essential for a three-dimensional construction stage analysis of PSC bridges. In the following, the formulation of an assumed strain shell element and its application of PSC box girder bridge analysis are presented.


Egg phospholipid prepared through supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of hen egg was modified to methyl esters by means of BF_3-MeOH,and was checked with thin-layer chromatography. Fatty acids and cholesterol were analyzed by GC/MS, and matched with Nist library. Seven compositions in egg phospholipid were characterized and determined.


The study of aircraft communication is both interesting and challenging as not many papers have been published in this area. Communication is the most important thing that an aircraft needs while in flight as well as on the ground or else it would be like a flightless bird. Lack of proper communication is considered as the major factor resulting in aircraft crashes, thus it is important to research into this area to ensure the safety of passengers and pilots on board. This paper surveys the existing communication technologies that serve the aircraft and the future adaptations that may be required in the field of communication for handling large amount of data coming to and from the aircraft. In addition, an alternate low cost technology using Long Range Wi-Fi is proposed to meet the demand for traffic handling.


Two methods for deriving efficient sets involve either the Markowitz [3] approach, where every security can be viewed as being related to an index unique to itself, or the Sharpe [4] single-index model, where every security is related to the same index. Given the extreme differences between these models, Cohen and Pogue [1] developed two intermediate models. They found that the efficient set derived from the Sharpe single-index model came closer to approximating the Markowitz model's efficient set than their models when empirically tested on a sample of common stocks. Subsequently a similar test was performed by Wallingford [6] which yielded contradictory conclusions. The objective of this paper is to locate the major source of the discrepancy between these two studies, allowing a definitive statement to be made regarding the use of these index models to describe ex post common stock returns. The results show that the major source of the discrepancy between the two studies lies in the method of forming indices. There is no need to use a multiple index model described by Cohen and Pogue if an index based on a large population is used for the single-index model. This paper is divided into three parts. Part I describes the methodology used, followed by the observations made in Part II and the conclusions in Part III. I. Methodology Cohen and Pogue (hereafter denoted CP) developed two multiple index models which reduced the computer time and statistics needed by the Markowitz model (but the reduction was not as great as that resulting from Sharpe's approach) while requiring assumptions less questionable than Sharpe's (but more questionable than those of Markowitz). The first multiple index model has been called the covariance form, and


Early identification of the prodrome of schizophrenia is difficult due to the nonspecificity of the symptoms and the limitations of the available tools. In this article, the authors discuss the usefulness of phenomenological and morphoanalytic methods for identification of the prodrome of schizophrenia, and they propose the use of empathy as an additional tool to by-pass same of the difficulties encountered by the previous approaches.


Objective To understand the 12 year old children in Zunyi oral health related knowledge level of dental caries,the basic situation and the related factors,according to the survey of the characteristics of the status quo,analysis of caries and various factors in the association between,for children's oral disease prevention and health care work to provide a scientific basis.Methods The use of " the third national oral health examination sheet ",using a stratified sampling method,the extraction of Zunyi aged 12 children 840,use the CPI probe and a plane mirror examination of dental caries of permanent teeth crown.Random survey for half the parent questionnaire,survey data for t inspection,χ2test and used Logistic regression of multiple factor analysis.Results The permanent teeth caries rate was 17.93%,DMFT of 0.34.Caries incidence in the gender difference was not statistically significant(χ2=0.43,P0.05),between urban and rural areas the difference was statistically significant(χ2=5.32,P0.05);city children caries were higher than rural,urban and rural between DMFT of the differences were statistically significant(t=1.98,P0.05),the differences between the sexes were not statistically significant(t=0.00,P=1.000.05).Frequent consumption of the beverage or dessert,living in the city,bedtime consumption of sweets,within the past 12 months has had a toothache or discomfort symptoms,and childhood caries rate has great relevance.Conclusion Zunyi children's oral health status and behaviors need to be improved,can be enhanced by children and parents ' oral health behaviors of propaganda,enhance children's caries prevention efforts,prompting children to establish proper oral health behavior.


Introduction:Care for older adults should preferably be provided in a person-centred way that includes goal planning, a method to enhance patient involvement. However, little is known about the functioning of goal planning within person-centred care. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to gain insight into the processes and results of goal planning using VAS-scores, in a person-centred care setting for community-living older adults of 75-years or older. Methods:  We performed a pretest-posttest study within Embrace1, a person-centred and integrated care service. First, a comprehensive geriatric assessment was performed by case managers using the GeriatrICS 2, an ICF-based assessment tool. Next goals were set and goal plans were formulated for those health-related problems that were selected by the older adult, with the aim to improve these problems. For each goal, a severity score and an intended goal score were determined by the older adult. Within one year, these goals were evaluated and an obtained goal score given, again by the older adult. The characteristics of goal plans were identified, the percentage of goals attained was calculated and the results for older adults with different frailty levels and differences within goal domains were compared. Results: In total 233 older adults were included in the study. Mean age of participants was 81.5 years SD 4.7, 68% was women, 47% was living alone, and 54% had a lower education level. In total, 836 goal plans were formulated among 233 older adults. Most prevalent were goal plans in the domains Physical health 64%, Mobility 50%, and Support 49%. Unexpected was the high prevalence of goal plans related to pain 25%. Of the goals set, 74% were fully attained, while the mean differences between intended goal scores and obtained goal scores were trivial. No difference for goal attainment was found between older adults with different frailty levels. Goals related to physical health were more likely to be attained, while goals for mobility and pain were the least likely to be attained. Conclusion:This study showed that older adults are able to formulate and attain health-related goals through collaborative goal planning. We would recommend that future integrated care programmes for older adults incorporate goal planning methods to achieve person-centred care. Lessons learned: Allowing the older adult to take a central role in the goal-planning process, especially in selecting the health-related problems and formulating goal plans to address these problems, and rating the VAS-scores, seems promising. Limitations:The lack of a control group in this study might be seen as a limitation, as we were not able to account for the possibility of response shift, an adaptive strategy that allows someone to feel good about their actual health status despite deteriorating health. Suggestions for future research: Future research should examine the effect of goal planning with VAS in person-centred care on person-reported outcome measures such as quality of life, or healthcare consumption and costs.


Large-scale assessment programs are beginning to design group assessment tasks in which small groups of students collaborate to solve problems or complete projects. Little is known, however, about the effects of collaboration on students' cognitive processes and performance on such tests. The present study compared, student performance on language arts tests in which they either were or were not permitted to discuss the story they were required to read and interpret. The analyses compared the quality of student responses on test forms with and without collaboration, examined qualitative changes in students' responses before and after collaboration, and examined students' reflections about the impact of collaboration on their understanding of the story. The results show that a 10-min discussion of the story in three-person groups had a substantial impact on students' understanding of the story. Implications for the design of instructional and assessment contexts with peer collaboration are discussed.


The ability of Na+ ions to modulate coupling of α2B- and α2D-adrenergic receptors to G proteins was investigated in isolated membranes from transfected PC12 and NIH 3T3 fibroblast cells. The initial rate of epinephrine-stimulated [35S]GTPγS binding was higher for α2D-receptors (the rat homolog of the α2A-receptor) in both cell types, whereas both α2B- and α2D-receptor responses were higher in PC12 cell membranes. Pertussis toxin completely blocked agonist-stimulated binding. Graded increases in Na+ caused a progressive loss of basal GTP binding, indicative of its ability to reduce the level of the active R* state of the receptor. This inhibitory effect of Na+ was more pronounced in PC12/α2B than PC12/α2D membranes. Epinephrine-stimulated GTP binding in PC12/α2B membranes was also more sensitive to Na+ inhibition than in PC12/α2D membranes. In saturation [35S]GTPγS binding studies, the presence of Na+ reduced apparent GTP affinity, and its effect was greater in PC12/ α2B membranes, consistent with a greater reduction in the active R* conformation of the receptor. The higher efficacy of epinephrine at α2D receptors and their lesser sensitivity to Na+ are both indicative of a more stable R* state. Together these results suggest that differences in the modulatory influence of Na+ within a family of Gi-coupled receptors may reflect differences in the stability of the active R* state.


The research on attendance system have been going on for a very long time, many solution have been proposed to make this system smart, but all those system have several weaknesses. In this paper we introduced Smart attendance system based on face recognition that can be used to take attendance of the students sitting in a classroom all at once. Our proposed system of smart Attendance System is divided into four steps. First, face detection is done based on Histogram of Orientation Gradient (HOG) algorithm. Second, face alignment is done based on face landmark estimation algorithm. Third, face encoding, Facenet algorithmbased approach is used for face encoding, it has an accuracy of 99.63% on LFW dataset. Each face is encoded with unique 128 values. Finally, SVM classifier is trained with these 128 dimension values for each face. Our system also makes a report of attendance with date and it is automatically mailed to the faculty. Keywords— Face Recognition, Histogram of gradient, Facenet, Attendance database


Abstract Drawing on ethnographic and activist work in New York, I analyze three contemporary cases of mentally ill people charged violent crimes. State violence against them can be characterized as a differential and differentiated set of racial and gendered practices. The case studies offer something between a parable, a field report, and a cautionary tale of the dystopian tendencies already embedded within the criminal justice system in the United States. Based on these cases, I will argue that despite recent liberal reform, scant evidence suggests any deep shift in the web of agencies that pipe people, especially the mentally ill, into prison and jail, or a shift in the cruel and humiliating practices these agencies embody. For the society to achieve what Du Bois called an abolition democracy, the affective infrastructure and psychic investment in debasing subordinated others would have to be abolished.


Abstract
Purpose
The demographics of rural America are rapidly changing and concerns about mental health are growing. This study examined relationships between individual, family, and community factors and depressive symptomology among rural low-income Latina and non-Latina White mothers.

Design
The sample for this study was drawn from the study, Rural Families Speak about Health. Data from interviews with 371 rural low-income mothers (36% Latina; 64% non-Latina White) were analyzed and descriptive and multivariate analyses were performed.

Findings
One-third of mothers experienced clinically significant depressive symptomology; non-Latinas experienced twice the rate as Latinas. Limitation in daily activities due to poor physical health predicted clinically significant depressive symptomology among both groups. Among non-Latinas, high levels of financial distress and lack of healthcare insurance predicted clinically significant depressive symptomology, and use of WIC and high levels of healthful eating and physical activity routines were protective factors. Age, single marital status, unemployment, transportation barriers, food insecurity, and inadequate health insurance predicted clinically significant depressive symptomology among Latinas.

Practical implications
Program administrators should consider factors associated with depression among specific populations as they design programs and services.

Research limitations
Factors not accounted (e.g., nativity of mothers) should be explored to more fully understand predictors of depressive symptomology among rural Latina and non-Latina mothers.

Value
This original research considers how the relationships between individual, family, and community factors and depressive symptomology differ between rural low-income Latina and non-Latina White mothers. The authors discuss potential factors and outcomes related to depressive symptomology and provide suggestions for research, programs and services.


Saphenous vein graft pseudoaneurysms are usually treated with surgery. We present images of a saphenous vein graft pseudoaneurysm treated with a covered stent. A 55-year-old femalewas seenwith fatigue and dyspnea 3months following concomitant aortic valve replacement and coronary artery bypass grafting. A contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan (CT) revealed a mass compressing the right ventricular outflow tract (Figure 1A). Coronary angiography demonstrated that this mass was a pseudoaneurysm which originated from a side branch of a sequential saphenous vein graft to first and second obtuse marginal branches of


Discusses the concept of strategic composites, based upon the linkage of domestic and export marketing strategies of small, medium sized manufacturing firms. Four distinct composites are derived empirically for each of two national groups of exporters (Canadian and UK firms). With some minor variations, three particular composites are shown to be common to both Canadian and UK exporters. Concludes by examining the association between the export environment and the selected composite, and the effect that this has upon export performance.


Beam-column finite elements in conjunction with transfer matrices and an incremental loading procedure are used to directly generate the total moments, and axial and transverse displacements of a stack or tower structure having a stepped or tapered cross section. The structure may be subjected to any number of concentrated shears, axial forces, and moments, as well as any number of piece-wise constant distributed transverse and longitudinal forces. By additional use of a standard Southwell plot, the transverse deflections generated by compressive axial loads may be plotted to yield the critical buckling load. Solution of the internal forces and deflections proceeds serially from the free end of the stack or tower structure, without the necessity of computing global elastic and geometric stiffness matrices. Computer storage therefore varies linearly rather than to the square of the number of finite elements used to model the stack or tower configuration.


In this paper, combined with the current situation of the copyright management of the micro-video and how to visually show the management system design of the micro-video cinema, and make the research and design based on the existing micro-video collaboration and exchange platform which name is called China VEC. It gives a functional requirements analysis and design of the overall structure of cinema management system from the global level, combined with the application and implementation of micro-video licensing deals and eventually made a complete design. The core part of this paper was the system design and development of nine function modules, including access to the latitude and longitude of the address information under the line of micro-video which has been authorized, the timing crawl homepage data and praise amount updated and reordered regularly, the circular scrolling display of the information of authorized micro-video purchased by the user. Finally, combining with the logical relationship between the general functional requirements and modules, the whole micro cinema management system on OTO was tested and the running result analysis were included and also put forward the improvement of the system deficiencies.


The aims of this work is to develop and validate an alternative analytic method by spectrofluorometry for the quality control of Furosemide in solid pharmaceutical forms based on the native fluorescence of the molecule in acidic medium (?Exc.= 280nm and ?Emi.= 410nm). This method allows to determine Furosemide in a buffer solution of potassium chloride-hydrochloric acid 50 mM (pH 2.0) in a range of 1.45x10-7 to 1.51x10-5 mol L-1 (4.5 to 5000 ng mL-1), with an estimated detection limit of 4.84x10-8 -mol L-1 (1.5 ng mL-1). The proposed method offers, as competitive advantages comparing to the official method reported in the United States Pharmacopeia (USP 29), its simplicity, low cost and frequency of analysis, around 20 samples per hour.


A method to improve the quality of separate grid flash-storing oxidation layer includes the following steps: providing silicon substrate and forming a tunneling oxidation layer on the substrate, floating a grid and an oxidation layer of compound-crystal silicon on the silicon substrate; and furthermore, carrying out heat oxidation steps as forming oxidation gap wall on the side wall of floating grid as well as increasing the thickness of the oxidation layers of compound crystal silicon and the tunneling oxidation layer, the thickened tunneling oxidation layer used as thick oxidation layer forperipheral high-pressure component grid; and subsequently, forming nitration gap wall on the side wall of oxidation gap wall, removing the thick oxidation layer uncovered by nitration gap wall by using nitration gap well as a cover curtain for exposing the silicon substrate.


Dengue is a disease of worldwide importance. To understand more about the pathogenesis of dengue the interest in the search for genetic factors in the host has recently increased. We investigated whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes coding for DC-SIGN, Fc receptor (FcyRIIA) and vitamin D receptor (VDR) are associated with severe dengue and whether in this study group the severity of dengue is associated with secondary infections. A total of 200 cases of dengue patients were investigated in Tegucigalpa, Honduras, 100 cases of classic dengue and 100 cases of dengue hemorrhagic classified according to 2007 WHO criteria. Genotyping was performed using PCR-RFLP and additionally this technique was compare to the iPLEX assay (SEQUENOM ® Inc. USA). A significantly increased risk of severe disease was observed in FcyRIIA in carriers of genotype CC versus TC (Chi2 = 5.29, P = 0.02, OR = 2.22). The G allele variant of the DC-SIGN1-336 was not associated with severe dengue disease. The VDR genotype frequency of CC genotype compared whit CT scan shows a tendency to increase in severe forms compared to mild forms of the disease (Chi2= 3.36, P= 0.06, OR= 0.35). These preliminary data provide new insights into the role of genetic factors in dengue; knowledge of more SNPs associated with dengue will provide information on possible mechanisms of pathogenesis and protection. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/rct.v0i13.1714 Revista Ciencia y Tecnologia, No. 13, diciembre 2013: 67-80


Food purchase capacity is related to socioeconomic level, and it influences dietary quality and quantity. Changes on diet may cause alterations of nutritional status. In order to evaluate the association between socioeco- nomic and anthropometrics indicators to dietary adequacy in children from a poverty area, 257 children and adolescents randomly selected, from Valencia, Venezuela (2004) were assessed. Socioeconomic status was deter- mined (SES, Graffar-Mendez), dietary adequacy (24h recalls, n=97) and anthropometrical indicators (W/A, H/A, W/H, arm circumference, fat and muscular area, tricipital skinfold and BMI) were measured. Statistical Analysis by frequency distribution, Chi2 test and Pearson correlation was performed. Boys, school children; families in poverty (IV and V stratum) and one family/home were highly prevalent. Nutritional diagnosis consisted of: 36.6% of deficit, 54.8% of normality and 8.6% of excess. Mean caloric and protein intake and adequacy were acceptable, but fiber adequacy was excessive. 41.2% of subjects had inadequate energy intake and 45.3% inadequate protein intake. Energy intake was deficient in 58.3% of normal subjects and also in those in excess, and in 46.5% of undernour- ished children, 52.1% of the undernourished children had excessive adequacy for fiber. There was association between fiber adequacy to energy and protein intake, age; height and muscular area, but not between energy and protein intake to socioeconomic condition. It is concluded that there was an important association between dietary intake and nutritional status but only a weak relation to SES. Evaluation of dietary intake and adequacy is useful to complement anthropometric and socioeconomic information; but care has to be taken for the possibility of under or overestimation of data reported by the interviewed. An Venez Nutr 2009;22 (1): 5-11.


AbstractThe calculation of energy flux in coastal trapped wave modes is reviewed in the context of tidal energy pathways near the coast. The significant barotropic pressures and currents associated...


The muscarinic cholinergic receptor (MAChR) blockade with scopolamine either extended or restricted to the hippocampus, before or after training in inhibitory avoidance (IA) caused anterograde or retrograde amnesia, respectively, in the rat, because there was no long-term memory (LTM) expression. Adult Wistar rats previously exposed to one or two open-field (OF) sessions of 3 min each (habituated), behaved as control animals after a weak though over-threshold training in IA. However, after OF exposure, IA LTM was formed and expressed in spite of an extensive or restricted to the hippocampus MAChR blockade. It was reported that during and after OF exposure and reexposure there was an increase in both hippocampal and cortical ACh release that would contribute to "prime the substrate," e.g., by lowering the synaptic threshold for plasticity, leading to LTM consolidation. In the frame of the "synaptic tagging and capture" hypothesis, plasticity-related proteins synthesized during/after the previous OF could facilitate synaptic plasticity for IA in the same structure. However, IA anterograde amnesia by hippocampal protein synthesis inhibition with anisomycin was also prevented by two OF exposures, strongly suggesting that there would be alternative interpretations for the role of protein synthesis in memory formation and that another structure could also be involved in this "OF effect."


This paper compares the iron losses generated by the concentrated excitation windings of an axial-flux permanent-magnet synchronous machine (AFPMSM) in the stator core elements constructed with laminated silicon steel sheets (LSSS) or with soft magnetic composite (SMC). As the flux mainly flows in one direction, we use grain-oriented LSSS. In order to provide a very accurate comparison, individual laminations are modeled in the 3-D finite-element model, including the coating layer. The model accounts for the magnetic stray field (fringing field) that causes eddy currents in the plane of the sheets, in addition to the main flux causing the classical eddy-current loss. The losses caused by the 3-D eddy-current pattern, as well as hysteresis and excess losses, are computed and measured for a test setup. A comparison of losses is made for the SMC mounted in the same setup. SMC does not suffer from eddy currents due to fringing flux. Although SMC has a 16 times higher loss than the LSSS at 1 T and 50 Hz as measured with an Epstein frame, it was shown that the iron losses in the SMC in the AFPMSM setup are only 1.5 times higher than for the LSSS.


Effects of five proportions of nitrogen forms(NH4+-N:NO3--N were 0∶100,25∶75,50∶50,75∶25,100∶0,denoted as N1、N2、 N3、N4、N5,respectively) on winter wheat(cv.strong gluten wheat Zhengmai 366 and weak gluten wheat Zhengmai 004) rhizosphere soil protease,urease,invertase and amylase activities were investigated under field condition.The results showed as following,N2 treatment(NH4+-N:NO3--N was 25:75) could effectively improve the rhizosphere soil enzyme activities of Zhengmai 366.Compared with N1 treatment,protease,invertase and amylase activities were improved by 19.85%,4.78% and 15.92% in the N2 treatment.And compared with N5 treatment,they were improved by 57.28%,5.89% and 25.16% in the N2 treatment.While the N3 treatment(NH4+-N:NO3--N was 50:50) was more favorable to increase the rhizosphere soil enzyme activities of Zhengmai 004,compared with N1 treatment,invertase and amylase activities were improved by 16.89% and 11.01% in the N2 treatment.And compared with N5 treatment,they were improved by 8.06% and 28.99% in the N2 treatment.Comprehensive comparison analysis showed that,different ratios of nitrogen forms can effectively regulated the soil activities in wheat's rhizosphere,and then improved the soil environment where the winter wheat would better growth and development.


Recent advances of diagnosis and therapy have been promoting the improvement of clinical outcomes in stroke patients. However, procedures for diagnosis and therapy have been complicated according to the advance, and the sufficient knowledge and medical ability are required in the stroke treatment. Stroke care unit (SCU) has been introduced to emergency medical centers in Japan, but its criterion has not been fully established especially for medical staffs. The guideline for stroke management will be published by the joint committee in the next year. For acute stroke patients, it is desirable that the medical specialist carry out the treatment according to the established guideline in SCU. Applying SCU for the improvement of the clinical outcome, the medical specialist is necessary for carrying out the complicated stroke treatment and the management of medical team in SCU.For the stroke management in a local community, the medical specialist in SCU is suitable for the role of establishing the cooperative medical care system with hospitals and pre-hospital teams.In the present time, stroke patients are treated in neurosurgical department, neurological department, cardiological department, emergency medical department or other departments. Only a small number of hospitals have SCU. Therefore, the level of stroke treatment should be standardized between those departments. For this purpose, the system of medical specialist for stroke treatment is available.The establishment of the board qualified system for medical specialist for stroke treatment is required to improve the clinical outcome of stroke patients and necessary in the effective management of SCU. The name of board qualified strokologist is appropriate for such a medical specialist.


REVIEW OF BIRTH ON THE THRESHOLD: CHILDBIRTH AND MODERNITY IN SOUTH INDIA BY CECILIA VAN HOLLEN. BERKELEY, CA. UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS, 2003. In her book Birth on the Threshold, Cecilia Van Hollen describes the modernization of childbirth among poor women of Southern India. The author begins the book with the birth story of Mumtaz, a Tamil Nadu woman who delivered her baby "right in the doorway (vacal) of the house." The author elucidates the importance of the doorway as the threshold between the private (home) and public (the world) space as a metaphor "for a shift from one institutional site (i.e., the family and the midwife) to another institutional site (i.e., the public hospital as a site of both the state and biomedicine)" and "a shift in systems of knowledge about the body in general and women's reproductive bodies in particular" (p. 3). In the book's Introduction, Van Hollen describes Tamil women adorning this sacred space with intricate geometric designs made of rice flour called kolams which bring blessing to all who pass through the threshold. She artistically uses the metaphor of kolams to describe the individual processes of change that "loop and swirl" to pull together the transformation and modernization of childbirth in Southern India (p. 6). Although Van Hollen rarely compares the Southern Indian cultural experiences to those of Western cultures, in Chapter 1, The Professionalization of Obstetrics, she enlightens the reader on the colonial history of obstetrics in India via cultural and gender variations. Obstetrics had long been a female dominated field in India due to cultural taboos that did not allow women to be seen by male doctors. This push also came from a disdain for midwives (dais) who had always been responsible for non-institutionalized births. Van Hollen describes the hierarchy of midwives and reveals the low class status of the profession and how they are thought to clean the pollution of birth. In Chapter 2, Maternal and Child Health Services in the Postcolonial Era, Van Hollen thoroughly describes the postcolonial structures of maternal and child health (MCH) services in both rural and urban Tamil Nadu from a social, familial and institutional perspective. She found that in urban Madras, most women give birth in a hospital setting whereas in the rural Kaanathur-Reddikappam region, about half of the women chose to give birth at home. Throughout the book, Van Hollen skillfully interweaves Tamil women's stories together to describe the childbirth experience from pregnancy through the postpartum period. In Chapter 3, Bangles of Neem, Bangles of Gold, she beautifully describes cimantam (the ritual celebration of first pregnancy) and pregnant women as "auspicious burdens" (p.77). She describes the reinvention of the cimantam tradition from a ritual of preparation for a woman's first birth, to a more consumer centered celebration where the mother-in-law is portrayed as materialistic and greedy. It is in this section of the book that the author meticulously describes the concepts of acai ("a combination of food cravings, an increase in 'heat,' the demands of the fetus (cul), and a desire to return to the maternal home to be cared for" (p.87)) and sakti ("divine female power associated with actions and the generative force of the universe" (p. 240)". In relation to pregnancy, when a woman's acai, is met (she is given gifts of bangles or gold), this gives her sakti. If she has sakti, she will have a positive delivery experience and healthy baby. In Chapter 4, Invoking Vali, the author describes how rather than decreasing the pain of childbirth by use of analgesic drugs as in western cultures, women of Tamil Nadu have come to expect an acceleration of the experience using oxytocin drugs such as pitocin. To Tamil women, a prolonged labor connotes danger to the mother and the baby. In addition, Van Hollen describes the concept of invoking vali: pain or suffering. …


Evaporation of a nanoscale meniscus on a nano-heater array surface via pulsed heating is simulated using molecular dynamics. The nano-heaters, each of width 2.56 nm, are evenly spaced on the 28.22 nm wide surface. The temperature of the nano-heaters is increased for a short time period in regular intervals to mimic pulse heating. The simulation results show that the non-evaporating film breaks during the early stages of evaporation due to the pulse heating (unlike a previous simulation performed in absence of pulse heating where non-evaporating film forms). Thus, heat transfer rates can be significantly increased during bubble nucleation and growth by using nano-heater arrays with pulsed heating as it breaks the formation of non-evaporating film allowing the surrounding cooler liquid to come in contact with the surface enhancing heat transfer.Copyright © 2012 by ASME


Described five cases (4 out- and 1 inpatient) in which biofeedback was employed as treatment. Emphasis was placed on the history of the problem, the amount of biofeedback training, and the individual patient's response to treatment. Several suggestions for routine clinical practice and future work were offered.


A sorting system for aluminum scrap using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) has been developed, which employs the sequential sample cells that are moved by the electric actuator in order to carry scrap pieces. A combination of a Q-switched Nd: YAG laser (30mJ, 10ns) with an objective lens having a long focal length of 600 mm were used to generate plasmas, and the emitted light was analyzed spectroscopically by a compact fiber-optic spectrometer having a CCD array detector. A pulse generator was constructed in order to synchronize the laser pulse, the CCD spectrometer and the electric actuator. The elemental composition of aluminum alloy scrap was determined by the calibration curves obtained by analyzing the standard aluminum alloy samples. The sorting algorithm based on the difference of the concentration of main additional elements of aluminum alloy was proposed. The developed LIBS sorting system was applied for the analysis of aluminum alloy samples and complete classification and separation of cast and wrought aluminum alloys into specific alloy groups was achieved.


The applications development for Android platform differs from traditional software development. These applications are usually complex, due to the characteristics imposed by the platform, thereby increasing the design complexity. Moreover, the designer has to worry about a reduced time to market. This way, approaches to accelerate the development and deal with complex systems are required. UML models are used in whole conventional software design process to provide abstraction. Allied to Model-driven Engineering (MDE), it provides also automation, through model transformations. Thus, this paper presents a UML-based modeling approach for Android applications, which allows designer have benefits from usage of UML and represents the first step to apply MDE on its development.


The conversational interface Siri enables users to perform tasks on a smart device through natural language voice commands (such as sending a message, setting an alarm, getting targeted information). In addition to a vocal reply, Siri simultaneously provides a transcription of the user's and its 'own' oral speech (as well as access, where appropriate, to relevant websites). Moreover, the written utterances are delivered with respect to the lexical and grammatical spelling rules of the operating language, and punctuation marks are made in accordance with syntactical structure. Through the visuospatial display, language performing and hence understanding are laid out before the user's eyes and become a potential object of reflection. As the user gets situated visual access to his vocal command i.e. to Siri's 'doing understanding' of the command, he has the opportunity to monitor and to assess this understanding as well as to make assumptions about next steps (repair, repetition, different pronunciation). The written text 'seen' as an object of investigation invites the user to initiate (or not) a new vocal command. We consider Siri as a tool to elicit and enhance language performing as well as to trigger reflection on the written word. From a social scientist perspective, we will point out how human-Siri talk raises conceptual challenges relevant to the interface between the oral and the written language. Furthermore, our paper seeks to take a closer look at the potential of the conversational interface Siri to support knowing a natural language.


This study performed external characteristics, dynamic pressure, and vibration tests on the closed impeller model, semi-open type impeller model, and open impeller model in order to study the influence of the impeller structure on the operational stability of the pump. According to the research findings, the external characteristics of the three impellers enjoyed favorable stability with flat curves under low flow rates. As the flow increases, the stability of the external characteristics weakens, and the poorest stability can be observed in the open impeller, while the enclosed impeller has the best stability under a large flow rate. In addition, intense pressure fluctuations arise near the casing tongue due to the dynamic and static interference between the blade and the casing tongue, causing a large amplitude of pressure pulsation near the casing tongue and the pump outlet. It can be seen that the stability of pressure pulsation of the closed impeller in the casing tongue area was the best, whereas the stability of pressure pulsation of the open impeller was the poorest. The minimum casing vibration can be found in the closed impeller, followed by the semi-open impeller, and the open impeller, with the maximum vibration. In addition, the optimum stability of rotor vibration can be observed in the closed impeller, semi-open impeller, and open impeller with similar stability of rotor vibration.


Follicular function was estimated by radioimmunoassay of estradiol-1 713in jugular vein plasma of female cats. The mean base level of estradiol-1 713in plasma was 11.7 pg/mI (SD = 4.8; n = 106). The follicular phase, defined as the time interval when estradiol-17j3 levels were >20 pg/mI plasma, was 7.4 days (SD = 2.3; n = 108), range 3-16 days. The duration of follicular function was not affected by the occurrence of coitus or ovulation. Estradiol-1713 fell from peak levels to <20 pg/mb plasma within a mean of 2.6 days (SD = 1.1; n = 105). The interval between follicular phases was 8.1 days (SD = 3.1; n = 41), ranging from 3-15 days. Proestrus was not observed with regularity and was seen in only 27/168 cycles, averaging 1.2 days (SD = 0.8). Duration of estrous behavior without regard for coitus was 7.4 days (SD = 3.7; n = 168; range 2-19 days). Duration of estrus in cats that experienced coitus and ovulation was 8.6 days (SD = 4.1; n = 32), in those that had coital contact but failed to ovulate, it was 8.3 days (SD = 4.3; n = 43), but in those without coital contact, it was 6.2 days (SD = 2.9; n 93) (coitus vs no coitus, P<0.01). Estrous behavior was seen in 8, 36, 52, 80 and 85% of cats on follicular phase Days 1-5, respectively. All cats were in estrus by follicular phase Day 6. The interval between estrous periods was 9.0 days (SD 7.6; n = 162; range 4-22 days) if ovulation did not occur. Ovulation and the subsequent pseudopregnancy prolonged return to estrus for 45.0 days (SD = 10.3; n = 32). No conspicuous changes in size and appearance of external genitalia were observed. Clearing of the vaginal smear (absence of noncellular debris) was the earliest sign of follicular activity. Vaginal epithelial changes were characterized as follows: Anuclear cells (fully cornified) increased from %5% to "40% of total cell population and intermediate cells (partially comified with intact nucleus) decreased from �45% to 6% progressively from the first to the fourth day of the follicular phase; parabasal cells (noncornified), generally low throughout a cycle (1-6%), were absent on follicular phase Days 4-7 and the following day; superficial cells (partially cornified with signs of degeneration of the nucleus) did not change much during the cycle (range, 40-50%) except for a slight increase during the follicular phase (range, 50-60%).


Clinical stroke research is typically performed within the domain of large academic medical centers led by stroke specialists generally well versed in clinical trial methodology and performance. Practitioners who see and treat patients with stroke on a regular basis, either as inpatients acutely or as outpatients after the acute hospitalization, have the opportunity to help advance stroke care by testing the same new and promising therapies that are being employed at academic medical centers. This chapter provides an overview of clinical trial structure and implementation that we hope will provide impetus to the practitioner to consider becoming involved in stroke clinical trials. The benefits to practitioners include providing the same promising treatments that patients receive at tertiary care stroke centers, greater patient satisfaction in knowing they are getting state-of-the-art care, enhanced referral patterns, and financial remuneration, among others. Topics covered include resources needed, relationship to academic medical centers, ethical and institutional review board issues, patient perspective, budget, recruitment, informed consent, data collection and management, safety, outcome measures, and lessons from other diseases.


Towards the end of 2005 LSE decided to clean up the inconsistencies that had developed in the Library catalogue records over the previous 70 years. Three years and many hours work later, this presentation details the planning, technical processes, problems and outcomes of both the outsourced and in-house authority control work that was undertaken to achieve this.


Science is indeed a maze of possibilities; it has taken many turns in trying to explain observations in nature. Only after traversing the maze for a while are we able to detect if we have taken the right turn or not. A point of interest is regarding the nature of light. Is it a wave disturbance in space (read, ether) or does it consist of photons, a stream of particles traveling in vacuum? Does it matter one way or other? If the depiction of nature (of light, in this case) varies depending on the situation, is it a good modeling? What if the value of the numeral 2 changes depending on the situation!


This study examined how a career calling is linked to life satisfaction among undergraduate students in the United States and South Korea. Using structural equation modeling, we tested the mediating role of core self-evaluations, work volition, and work hope on the calling-satisfaction link. Supporting prior research, perceiving a calling was positively correlated with life satisfaction in both groups. However, we found that work volition was a dominant mediator for South Koreans, whereas work hope was a significant mediator for Americans. These findings suggest that a sense of calling links to well-being, but the underlying mechanism of how a calling beneficially functions may differ across culture and situational contexts. Practical implications are suggested for each group and recommendations are provided for further cross-cultural research.


Abstract : Summarized herein are the results of a three-year research program, encompassing the period from 1 July 1977 through 30 June 1980, that focused upon an experimental analysis of the interacting motivational and social factors which influence performance effectiveness in small groups under conditions of continuous residence and observation in a closed ecological environment. Studies were conducted with three-person groups of human volunteers over extended periods in a residential laboratory which provided for programmable work and recreational opportunities within the context of a biologically and behaviorally supportive environmental setting. Investigative emphasis was directed toward (1) the motivational effects on team participants produced by the programmed consequences of individual and group work tasks, and (2) the impact on established and novitiate team participants of a change in group composition and size. Performance effectiveness was evaluated in terms of group productivity and individual accuracy on a multiple-task-performance-battery developed during the course of the research program. The significance of these investigative endeavors is to be understood in terms of the emerging motivational and social-interaction principles having practical relevance to the establishment and maintenance of operational team performance effectiveness. (Author)


Biometric identification is an important security application that requires non-intrusive capture and real-time processing. Security systems based on fingerprints and retina patterns have been widely developed, but can be easily falsified. Recently, identification by vein patterns has been practiced as a promising alternative. The paper presents a CNN-based system, realized on an FPGA that is able to perform all three recognition methods. The focus is on the vein recognition algorithm whose detection quality is sufficient for person identification but scalable for authentication.


This paper presents an analytical method for calculating the electric field in arrangements of dielectric particles. Unlike the existing methods, our method repetitively inserts monopoles and multipoles until all the boundary conditions are satisfied, which does not require setting up a linear equation system in the calculation. It can be applied to various types of energization such as a uniform field, spherical electrodes, or planar electrodes. The method and the boundary element method, a numerical method, have been utilized to investigate the effects of the particle number and particle permittivity. The results show that the accuracy of the numerical method greatly varies from less than 10/sup -4/% to more than 2%, depending on the condition of the calculation arrangements.


Louis I. Kahn, architect of the Yale University Art Gallery and the Yale Center for British Art and British Studies, was born on the Estonian island of Osel, in 190 1; he died of a heart attack in Pennsylvania Station, New York, on March 17, 1974. Owing to an error on the part of the police, his wife was not notified for two days. Mr. Kahn and I were friends from 1947 until his death, but I do not wish to apostrophize him here in excessively personal terms. Various memorials in the popular press, referring to him as "Lou" and written by people who did not know him very well, have already done that sufficiently. I would instead like to try to assess the major historical truths about him in a few words, if I can. I think that there were five such truths:


These twins of carefully established monozygosity both displayed classic stigmata of the Turner syndrome, but with probably closely related discordance between clinical, gonadal and cytogenetic components. Although clitoridal hypertrophy was an additional feature in each, it was of only slight degree in Twin I, yet penile with hooded prepuce in Twin II, in whom it was found to be associated with a testis opposite to unilateral "gonadal streak." In Twin I, "streaks" were bilateral, and an XO/45 constitution was denned in different tissues. In Twin II, however, extensive exploration of blood, skin, fallopian tube, testis and streak exposed the Ychromosome in somatic and gonosomic mosaicism of XO/XY type, although XY cells were sparse (2–18%). Therefore, these twins represent a significant illustration of the transition between classic gonadal dysgenesis of 45/XO constitution and more advanced male intersexuality, presumably stemming from the XO/XY mosaicism. The chromosomal situation and discordance may be ...


Abstract : The Corrosion Rate Evaluation Procedure (CREP) was first designed as a screening test for corrosion inhibited aerospace gas turbine engine oils as a substitute for the Humidity Cabinet corrosion Test (ASTM D1748) in order to screen large numbers of oils in a short period of time for their ability to prevent rust. The CREP was later adapted for hydraulic fluids and greases because of its simplicity, low cost, and speed. For greases it is an alternate method to ASTM D1743 and can evaluate corrosion protection in 1.5 to 2 hours using only 2-4 milligrams of grease. The metal coupons, used in the CREP test, are low cost and available in a variety of metallurgies. The CREP is convenient, reliable, adaptable, cost effective, and usable with greases, liquid lubricants, or hydraulic fluids and various metals as desired.


B12(cobalamin)-dependent enzymes catalyze various molecular transformations that are of particular interest from the viewpoint of biological chemistry as well as organometallic and catalytic chemistry. One of the most significant properties of B12 is the high nucleophilicity toward various alkyl halides (electrophile) in its Co(I) state to form an alkylated complex with dehalogenation. Our research interest is focused on the application of this catalytic system to various molecular transformations. Recently, we reported a B12-dependent catalytic system using TiO2 as photosensitizer. In this system, the Co(III) or Co(II) form of B12 derivative immobilized on TiO2 was reduced to Co(I) form by electron transfer from TiO2 under irradiation by UV light (365 nm). Thus formed supernucleophilic Co(I) species was applied for dechlorination of various organic halides such as 1,1-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trichloroethane (DDT). In the course of these studies, small amount of ester was formed as minor product in the alcohol under nitrogen. To clarify the mechanism for ester formation, we carried out the dechlorination reaction under O2 using B12-TiO2 (Figure 1). As a result, corresponding ester compounds were selectively formed as for declrorinated products from trichloromethyl compounds, DDT and trichloromethylbenzene under O2 (Table 1). The proposed mechanism was shown in Figure 1. Dichloromethyl benzene radical formed by B12-TiO2 catalyst may reacts with O2 to form peroxy compound. Coupling of this radical followed by oxygen elimination to form acyl chloride. This acyl chloride should reacts with solvent methanol to form corresponding ester product.


OBJECTIVE To establish the method of microbial limit test for compound sulfamethoxazole tablets.METHODS To determine the antimicrobial effect of compound sulfamethoxazole tablets by recovery with five control strains.RESULTS Dilution method was used for compound sulfamethoxazole tablets,the recovery of the control group and the tested group were higher than 70%.CONCLUSION The methods of microbial limit test of Compound sulfamethoxazole tablets is recommended as that,dilution method is used for bacilli;the common method is used for fungi and yeast;membrane-filter procedure is used for control of bacilli.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present the outline of a methodological approach to help address ten key challenges for the implementation of Recovery‐orientated services.Design/methodology/approach – At the onset of the project the authors produced a policy paper, Making Recovery a Reality. This formed the basis of a series of workshops on implementing Recovery in organisations that were held in five mental health trusts in 2008 and 2009.Findings – A key element driving the transformation of Recovery‐orientated mental health services will be the joint work of local systems, setting priorities, agreeing goals and contracts and then monitoring progress and reviewing.Originality/value – The impetus for the project arose out of the increasing attention being given to the principles of recovery in government policy and in local mental health services, combined with an increasing frustration that there was little to guide how these principles could be put into practice.


Recognizing business opportunities in a timely and accurate way is crucial for business operation today. Due to steadily improving technologies in almost all areas relevant for organizations, organizational actors need multifaceted support when digital transformation processes are instantiated, targeting technology utilization for business opportunities. Although initial triggers enable a quick start of transformation processes, requirements evolve over time whenever stakeholders adopt novel organizational practices and technologies to achieve business objectives according to recognized opportunities. Consequently, requirements need to be refined by the time of emergence, and handled step-by-step to implement respective digital transformation steps. For structuring this socio-technical, and thus, complex endeavor, we suggest and introduce a design science approach for methodology development. The initial development step has its focus on relevant knowledge items and relations guiding organizational actors when elaborating on digital transformation processes. Streamlining technology, technical and organizational issues when recognizing transformation potential facilitates the exploration of corresponding business practices.


We numerically study the synchronization or entrainment of two unidirectional coupled single-mode semiconductor lasers in a master-slave configuration. The emitter laser is an external-cavity laser subject to optical feedback that operates in a chaotic regime. The receiver can either operate at a chaotic regime similar to the emitter (closed-loop configuration) or without optical feedback and consequently under continuous-wave conditions when it is uncoupled (open-loop configuration). We compute the degree of synchronization of the two lasers as a function of the emitter-receiver coupling constant, the feedback rate of the receiver, and the detuning. We find that the closed-loop scheme has, in general, a larger region of synchronization when compared with the open loop. We also study the possibility of message encoding and decoding in both open and closed loops and their robustness against parameter mismatch. Finally, we compute the time it takes the system to recover the synchronization or entrainment state when the coupling between the two subsystems is lost. We find that this time is much larger in the closed loop than in the open one.


This study examines the analgesic activities and phytochemical constituents of aqueous leaf extract of Greenwayodendron suaveolens (Engl. and Diels) Verdc. Analgesic activities were evaluated by means of acetic acidinduced writhing reflex and hot plate nociception models. The extract was also screened for presence of secondary metabolites. The plant extract caused 4.21%, 14.00%, 21.10% and 19.10% inhibition to acetic acid induced writhing in a graded dose dependent manner of 100, 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg respectively. It also protected the mice significantly (P<0.05) against thermal induced pain stimulus at a temperature of 55±1 C. The activity of the extract appears to be mediated by both peripheral and, especially, central routes. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of saponins, phenols and flavonoids, which may be responsible for the activities of the extract. The study validates the therapeutic use of the plant in the management of pain. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v23i4.9 Copyright: Copyright © 2019 Timothy and Sobotie. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License (CCL), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Dates: Received: 13 March2019; Revised: 19 April 2019; Accepted 21 April 2019


One daunting challenge of Content Based Image Retrieval systems is the requirement of annotated databases. To limit the burden of annotation, this thesis proposes a system of image annotation based on gaze data. The purpose is to classify a small set of images according to a target category (binary classification) in order to classify a set of unseen images. First, we have designed a protocol based on visual preference paradigm in order to collect gaze data from different groups of participants during a category identification task. Among the gaze features known to be informative about the intentions of the participants, we have determined a Gaze-Based Intention Estimator (GBIE), computable in real-time; independent from both the participant and the target category. This implicit annotation is better than random annotation but is inherently uncertain. In a second part, the images annotated by the GBIE from the participants' gaze data are used to classify a bigger set of images with an algorithm that handles label uncertainty: P-SM combining classification and regression SVM. We have determined among different strategies a criterion of relevance in order to discriminate the most reliable labels, involved in the classification part, from the most uncertain labels, involved in the regression part. The average accuracy of P-SVM is evaluated in different contexts and can compete with the performances of standard classification algorithm trained with true-class labels. These evaluations were first conducted on a standard benchmark for comparing with state-of-the-art results and later conducted on food image dataset.


The introduction of Transformer neural networks has changed the landscape of Natural Language Processing (NLP) during the last years. So far, none of the visualization systems has yet managed to examine all the facets of the Transformers. This gave us the motivation of the current work. We propose a novel NLP Transformer context-sensitive visualization method that leverages existing NLP tools to find the most significant groups of tokens (words) that have the greatest effect on the output, thus preserving some context from the original text. The original contribution is a context-aware visualization method of the most influential word combinations with respect to a classifier. This context-sensitive approach leads to heatmaps that include more of the relevant information pertaining to the classification, as well as more accurately highlighting the most important words from the input text. The proposed method uses a dependency parser, a BERT model, and the leave-n-out technique. Experimental results suggest that improved visualizations increase the understanding of the model, and help design models that perform closer to the human level of understanding for these problems.


6LoWPAN is a widely used protocol in IoT communication. Internet Protocol version 6 Low power Wireless Personal Area Network (6LoWPAN) devices operate with very limited resources such as limited energy, low computation power and low memory etc. Security functions which work in traditional internet are not suitable for these resource constrained devices. Many researchers are working for secure communication between 6LoWPAN devices. Still 6LoWPAN has security vulnerabilities which explodes many kinds of network attack. In this work the security solutions for 6LoWPAN have been investigated. The advantages and disadvantages of existing solutions are also presented. The paper also mentions the security gaps in the existing solutions.


The detection of tetracyclines-resistance of 16 Samonella isolates showed the resistance rate was 100%. The tetC gene of 16 salmonella strains was amplified by polymerase chain reaction. 12 strains with this gene were located on plasmids. Compared with the result of the drug-susceptibility tests, the method of PCR showed 75% concordance in positive rate. The probe of tetC gene was labelled with photobiotin,and 16 pathogenic Salmonella strains from swine were detected by colony hybridization in situ. The result indicated that 13 strains were positive, 3 strains were negative. Compared with the result of PCR, the method of the tetC probe showed 93.75% concordance in positive rate. In this study, two methods for detecting tetC gene were established by using PCR and nucleic acid probe, and they could be applied to the molecular epidemiology surveillance of tetracyclines-resistance.


This paper explores perspectives and methodologies that linguistics, via sociolinguistics, brings to ethnographic research in schools. In reviewing work of the last thirty years in the ethnography of communication, interactional sociolinguistics, and microethnography, as applied to school settings, it identifies the methodological contributions arising from linguistics that these approaches have in common, such as the emic/etic dialectic, the use of naturally occurring language data, the consultation of native intuition, and the tool of discourse analysis. Woven through the discussion are fundamental perspectives these approaches hold in common—the focus on situated discourse, or language use in context, and the recognition of multiple and alternative social roles and identities. Differences among the approaches in both methodology and perspectives are also brought out.


SummaryPMMA coatings have been applied to steel by plasma spraying. The work shows that the polymer decomposition temperature is a function of the particle residence time in the plasma and is much higher than in conventional polymer processing. The analysis indicates that realistic prediction of the temperature profiles of in-flight polymer particles can only be obtained by using this dynamic decomposition temperature. The process model predicts that only the surface layers of the polymer feedstock particles undergo significant decomposition under optimized spraying conditions.


The thesis analyzed the influence of deadtime on the performance of voltage-source PWM inverter.A novel PWM control method is proposed.By usage of the mentioned method the dead time was extended to form a new space voltage vector so that the deadtime negative affect could be weakened.The effective result was got through the comparative experiment on Direct Torque Control(DTC).


Integrated flight/propulsion control systems have been designed for operation of STOVL aircraft over the low speed powered-lift flight envelope. The control system employs command modes for attitude, flightpath angle and flightpath acceleration during transition, and translational velocity command for hover and vertical landing. The command modes and feedback control are implemented in the form of a state-rate feedback implicit model follower to achieve the desired flying qualities and to suppress the effects of external disturbances and variations in the aircraft characteristics over the low speed envelope. A nonlinear inverse system was used to translate the output from these commands and feedback control into commands for the various aerodynamic and propulsion control effectors that are employed in powered-lift flight. Piloted evaluations of these STOVL integrated control designs have been conducted on Ames Research Center's Vertical Motion Simulator to assess flying qualities over the low-speed flight envelope. Results indicate that Level 1 flying qualities are achieved with this control system concept for each of these low-speed operations over a wide range of wind, atmospheric turbulence, and visibility conditions.


We describe a prototype system that analyzes video from a camera mounted on a TV receiver or set-top-box, showing viewers watching the TV. The system recognizes the faces of registered viewers, and estimates the level of interest that each viewer displays in the program being viewed. This information, along with receiver operation history, can be used to build viewer profiles and to offer personalized program recommendations reflecting each viewer's perceived interests.


—Recently, numerous studies have investigated coop- erative traffic systems using the communication between vehicle-to-everything (V2X). Unfortunately, when multiple autonomous vehicles are deployed while exposing communication failure, there might be a conflict of optimal conditions between various autonomous vehicles leading to adversarial situation on the roads. In South Korea, virtual and live urban autonomous multi-vehicle races were held in March and November of 2021, respectively. In this study, we introduce a full autonomous driving software stack to deploy a competitive driving model, which enabled us to win the urban autonomous multi-vehicle races. We evaluate module-based systems such as navigation, perception, and planning in real and virtual environments. Additionally, an analysis of traffic is performed after collecting multiple vehicle position data over communication to gain additional insight into a multi-agent autonomous driving scenario. Finally, we propose a method for analyzing traffic in order to compare the spatial distribution of multiple autonomous vehicles. We studied the similarity distribution between each team's driving log data to determine the impact of competitive autonomous driving on the traffic environment.


A low-permittivity dielectric ceramic Li2GeO3 was prepared by the solid-state reaction route. Single phase Li2GeO3 crystallized in an orthorhombic structure. Dense ceramics with high relative density and homogeneous microstructure were obtained as sintered at 1000-1100 o C. The optimum microwave dielectric properties were achieved in the sample sintered at 1080 o C with a high relative density ~ 96%, a relative permittivity εr ~ 6.36, a quality factor Q×f ~ 29,000 GHz (at 14.5 GHz), and a temperature coefficient of resonance  Corresponding Author, firstname.lastname@example.com; email@example.com ┼ These authors contributed equally to this work. A cc ep te d A rt ic le This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. frequency f ~ -72 ppm/ o C. The sintering temperature of Li2GeO3 was successfully lowered via the appropriate addition of B2O3. Only 2 wt.% B2O3 addition contributed to a 21.2% decrease in sintering temperature to 850 o C without deteriorating the dielectric properties. The temperature dependence of the resonance frequency was successfully suppressed by the addition of TiO2 to form Li2TiO3 with a positive f value. These results demonstrate potential applications of Li2GeO3 in low-temperature cofiring ceramics technology.


When Mouth left, darkness returned less punishingly. Composed sounds of wind howled softly in the interludes; light stole across the theatre like car headlights passing a darkened house. With Footfalls Dwan's body appeared with her voice and some degree of order was restored to the theatre. Costumed in a floor-length ivory dress and lit in a strip of ethereal blue-gray light, ballet-trained Dwan delivered the rhythmic footfalls of Footfalls with unearthly grace and precision. She performed both roles: daughter (May) and mother (Voice). Making little effort to hide her beauty, Dwan intoned the grotesque that other Mays have worn. She taped mother's part in a guttural, menacing tone and mouthed it facing the audience, forcing May to mouth mother, heightening the uncanny doubling. If Not I sundered the orders of the visible and the sayable, Dwan's Footfalls invited a partial working-through of that shattering by joining two voices in one radiant body harboring a strange and foreign entity.


We propose a model for the study of ablation fronts encountered in inertial confinement fusion flows. Following the ideas of physicists specially Sanz's ones, we try to justify the modeling of this problem by a Hele–Shaw equation posed in the complement of a bounded domain the boundary of which is evolving with time. This equation is coupled with an advection equation for the vorticity of the fluid. We propose a numerical strategy based on the fat boundary method to discretize the system and we present some numerical results which show that the numerical method is feasible to simulate ablative Raleigh–Taylor instabilities in the context of these plasma flows.


The purpose of this study is three-fold: 1) to analyze teachers' actions when they identify bullying behaviors at school; 2) to study the punishing actions carried out in the educational centers the previous course; and 3) to identify activities to prevent conflicts among the students that were carried out at the schools. Moreover, analyses were performed to determine whether there were differences between the educational stages (PE-Primary Education / ESO-Secondary Education) or between networks (public/private). This study uses a descriptive, epidemiological,  crosssectional methodology. The sample comprised 169 headmasters of 169 educational centers of the Autonomous Community of the Basque Country. A questionnaire with three questions was administered, one for each goal study. The results showed that: 1) when bullying behaviors are identified, the level of actions of the teachers of ESO and of the private network was superior; 2) in the previous school course, a higher level of punishments was found in ESO and also in the private network; and 3) in the preventive activities carried out by the teachers on peer conflicts, there were very few differences between the educational cycles (PE-ESO) and between networks (public/private).


This study seeks to analyze the common usage of Korean quantifiers written by Korean and foreign undergraduates and recommend the educational contents for teaching the use of a quantifier. For this purpose, 362 examination answers written by 62 Korean and 356 examination answers written by 62 foreigners were collected for two semesters. Based on the analysis of examination answers, quantifiers, numeral classifiers, numeral determiners, and numeral phrases were analyzed by group. The study found that 263 of the 1,027 numeral phrases written by foreigners contained errors. The usage of several quantifiers such as "hana, han," "cheosjjae, cheos beonjjae," "uli, jeohui," "modeun, modu," "geujung, jung," "deul, manhda, yeoleo,", "deung, deungdeung," and "gak, gakgak" were analyzed in detail. Through this analysis, four types of educational contents for teaching quantifiers were set up: specifying quantifiers and numeral determiners, teaching how to create the noun phrase, presenting the co-occurrence between the quantifier and others, and teaching quantifiers through the spoken or written language.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the leadership styles of police chiefs and how these styles related to demographic, personality, and effectiveness. Design/methodology/approach – Participants included 161 police chiefs in Texas who completed the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ 5X-Short) leader form, the NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI), and a background characteristics form. Findings – Results indicate that the police chiefs were fairly evenly classified across leadership styles with the Transformational leaders rated as most effective. Transformational leaders are characterized as confident, energetic, and open-minded. Although few of the demographic variables predicted leadership styles, several of the personality characteristics were significant predictors. Originality/value – Few previous studies have reported the relationship between police leadership style, personality, and effectiveness. This study adds to the body of knowledge regarding the relationship between these ...


The following is a translation from Bifo's recent book Il Sapiente, Il Mercante, Il Guerriero [The Sage, the Merchant, and the Warrior] (Rome: DeriveApprodi, 2004). This book is, as Bifo says, really two books in one. It is both a genealogy of power and resistance since the 1960s (and in this sense, a rewriting of Bifo's earlier La Nefasta Utopia di Potere Operaio) and an analysis of contemporary capitalism. The passage excerpted below examines the transformations of capitalism during the 1990s, and in particular the division of the world into a virtual sphere of hyperdevelopment and a physical sphere of permanent warfare. The 1990s saw the emergence of a utopianism comparable to that of the 1960s. This utopianism, associated with the proliferation of electronic technology and cyber culture, was far removed from the autonomist program of the reduction of work. It was in fact accompanied by a neoliberal economy of hyper-work. What is striking about Bifo's analysis is its insistence on the interrelatedness of the monetary economy and the global economy of the mind and affects. What the euphoria expressed so adamantly in the journal Wired's celebration of cyberculture never took into account was the incapacity of human beings to adapt to a suddenly changed environment. The new proliferation of information has a catastrophic effect on human affect. Updating Virilio, Bifo analyses the gap between the infinite speed of the infosphere (the mediascape, or cyberspace) and the slowness of the human organism. Human beings respond to their new state of hyper-stimulation by a panic reaction only partially alleviated through pharmacology. Bifo links the economic crises of the late 1990s to the new demand for pharmaceutical drugs—cocaine, amphetamines, Prozac —and the multiplication of psychic disorders such as depression, attention deficit disorder, and dyslexia. Disturbing as it is, this symptomatology of the present does not result in despair. Rather, Bifo outlines strategies against what he describes as the totalitarian mechanisms of contemporary power, mechanisms that directly activate and stimulate the human nervous system, bypassing the level of discursive political choices. Bifo discusses forms of resistance—such as media activism—that subvert the specific techno-social interfaces through which these mechanisms function. To use the language of the website created by Bifo and Matteo Pasqunelli, Bifo examines the possibilities for creative "rekombination" and the invention of other possible futures. Michael Goddard, translator


The pertinence of a documentary as an option for the preservation and divulgation of the Zulia identity based on the theoretical positions of Biiri, Garcia Espinosa, Flaherty, Calonico, Getino y Solanas is analyzed.. In the same manner we reflect on the necessity of conceiving the cinematography genre in a more reflexive manner and to open to the multiple alternatives of narration, style and structure, beyond the media conventions that have limited it and which refuse its dramatic and aesthetic possibilities in the reconstruction and expression of culture the imaginary. Likewise, through the positions of Urrusti, Altamirano, Morales and Ortega we identify and reaffirm the importance of audiovisual testimony in the process of development of collections in documentary organizations. We remark on the criterion in the methodological approach to audiovisual registers inserted in the Audiovisual Series of the Zulia Collection (SACZ). Among the conclusions, the relevance of the audiovisual story in historical diffusion in order to preserve in time the events that establish landmarks in the construction and reconstruction of Zulia society stands out, and the circulation of documentaries generated by SACZ is reinforced in order to support cultural dialogues, comprehension and the reciprocal knowledge sharing between Latin Americans cultures, and its circulation.


Various diseases causing fever-like germinal infection, viral infection, mononucleosis, epidemic catarrh, acute inflammatory disease is a neurodegenerative illness that manifests itself in a range of motor and non-motor symptoms. Patients with various diseases frequently experience difficulties in the initial stages of the condition. Patients with other diseases have often symptoms like cough, cold, headache, and fever. Research provides machine learning algorithms for classifying various diseases utilizing data that are built on machine learning algorithm. This paper describes the diverse technique of supervised machine learning classification that determines the best magnificence algorithm based on statistics set, quantity of cases, and variability (features). To implement the algorithms, Fever data set was used for the classification with no of instances with attributes as independent variable and one as dependent variable for the analysis. Therefore, ML algorithms requires precision, accuracy and minimum error to have supervised predictive machine learning.


The exact wavefunctions for a particle trapped by oscillating fields are obtained in terms of Mathieu functions with the help of linear invariants and the dynamical invariant method. In addition, we construct Gaussian wave packet solutions and calculate the quantum fluctuations in the coordinate and momentum as well as the quantum correlations between coordinate and momentum.


A system using artificial neural networks to identify types of pavement marks and to rank their recognizabilities is proposed.The system stores different types of traffic marks; associates the original traffic mark to the distorted input mark; and finally, gives an index indicating the recognizability of the input traffic mark. Along with the developments of the system, the capabilities of neural networks in storing and generalizing common sense knowledge is also discussed.


Abstract : UXO characterization is an important and yet challenging task for the reduction of UXO clearance cost due to the large number of false targets that often appear at UXO sites. Only metallic false targets are considered here since non-metallic objects could be easily screened out with advanced magnetic sensors which have been applied effectively in detecting UXO s up to 12 meter depth. Previous attempts from various groups in applying GPR systems for UXO classification were not satisfactory due to excessive clutter resulting either from site characteristics or inadequate antenna designs. The use of surface-based full-polarimetric GPR for UXO characterization was almost nonexistent. Most UXO's have elongated bodies that generate strong electromagnetic resonance and unique polarimetric scattering properties compared to most false-alarm targets. Theoretical aspects of using these two signatures for UXO classification have been discussed in the 1999 UXO Forum [1]. Although the resonance concept has been demonstrated to be quite feasible in a previous effort supported by NAVEODTECHDIV [2], the use of the polarization signature has not been demonstrated from field data. Therefore a UXO test site was setup at Tyndall AFB, Florida, in 1999 for this purpose under the support of ESTCP program. This site contains only metallic objects at known locations to simulate a field presurveyed by advanced magnetic sensors. Many UXO and non-UXO objects were buried at various depth and orientations. Initial measurements were conducted in January 2000, by the CRREL-OSU team using an ultra-wide bandwidth full-polarization (UWBFP) GPR system developed at OSU.


Aiming at the main factors influencing the location allocation of national strategic depots for refined oil products,the paper establishes a comparatively comprehensive index system for their location evaluation,and,in view of the hierarchical structure of the system,formulates the multiple fuzzy evaluation model,whose viability and effectiveness are verified through a case study.


In this paper, the freedom of expression in the arts is expanded, the emergence of various genres were imposed while the social function of art, abstract art is also always insisted that they realize the social function of these arts. This abstract art is a subjective expression of the artist based on the theory of social sculpture of Joseph Beuys as well, abstraction and expressiveness that can communicate with the social been strengthened. While listing the social abstraction of the highest step in the social abstraction of the lowest step through each of the four artist's work, with contemporary abstraction to try to introduce what came played a role as a social sculpture. 1) Their work actively reflect the nature and the everyday lives of, and 2) public areas take advantage of the work inspired by ingredients from dairy products and 3) personal emotion, expressing the voice of the heart works. 4) Landscape based in the area called St. Ivis abstract group activities. It will be introduced step-by-step abstract as social. Consequently, the social function of abstraction has been expanded as the age advances, the function can be found in the abstraction and expressiveness.