Before improving the control of a plant, we must make sure of information coherence issued from instrument lines or sensors. In fact, these informations can be corrupted by errors and can also deviate from the optimum functioning range. The operator must make precautions not to be outside of this range. The detection of errors is used to point out the deviations. The detection, the location, the different error characterizations and the estimation of true values are steps in the data reconciliation problem. Process measurements are subject to two types of errors: first random errors generally taken to be independent and gaussian with zero mean and secondly gross errors which are caused by non-random events such as malfunctioning sensors, instrument biases and inexact process models. Various methods for detection and location of gross errors in process data have been proposed in recent years including the parity space approach, the standardized least square residuals approach and the standardized imbalance residuals approach. Process data reconciliation and their relationship to process monotoring have been the subject of many publications. For recent ones, see for example, Mah (1982), Gertler (1988) or Ragot (1990). In this survey, the authors try to summarize the various aspects of data reconciliation, to point out the main diffculties and to present the state of the art in this field. The authors present the steps of the data reconciliation problem in the following order: techniques of data reconciliation, classification of the data by the observability concept, gross error detection and localisation, variance of measurement error estimation.


Background: Nerve blocks may present technical challenges in children of different ages due to growth and developing anato -my. The erector spinae plane block is a versatile technique that can be used as an alternative to paravertebral and epidural blocks to provide postoperative analgesia for truncal surgery. However, there is limited data reporting on the skin to structure distance should this block be performed in children without the use of ultrasound guidance. This study aimed to determine the skin to erector spinae fascial plane space depth using data obtained from one hundred and fifty computer tomography scans to assist in performing an erector spinae plane block in children up to twelve years of age. Methods: Measurements vital to performing an erector spinae plane block were taken from computer tomography scans at two vertebral levels to represent thoracic and abdominal spread, respectively. Statistical analyses were performed to determine whether there was a relationship between age, gender and the measurement in different groups. Groups were divided as follows: group 1 (0 – 2 months), group 2 (2 months – 2 years) and group 3 (2 – 12 years). Results: Results revealed no correlation with sex, age and measurements in group 1 or 2. While a weak to moderate correlation was found between age and measurements in group 3. Conclusion: The erector spinae plane block is a novel interfascial block that can be performed in various age groups. Although the transverse process acts as an anatomical landmark, it is not as evident in young children. Therefore, the optimal success of the block depends on direct visualization using ultrasound. However, should ultrasound guidance not be available, predicted measurements for various age groups may facilitate correct needle placement and potentially reduce the risk of complications.


In this paper we describe the breeding habitat use of amphibians in a wooded pasture between the years 2003 and 2005. The temporary ponds are described using a number of pond variables: area (m2), maximum depth (cm), presence/absence of aquatic invertebrate predators, aquatic macrophyte vegetation, pH and water conductivity (μS). Three temporary pond categories were identified considering their hydroperiod: ephemeral, transient and constant ponds. Eight amphibian species were identified in the area. Three species, Triturus cristatus, Hyla aborea and Pelobates fuscus, breed in the ponds, but not all three breed each year. The number of species breeding in a specific pond is influenced mostly by the type of pond. A switch from ephemeral to transient and finally to constant character leads to an increase in species richness. Neither biotic (vegetation, predators) or abiotic factors other than pond type has a significant effect on the number of breeding amphibian species. Historical data shows that the area was marshy in the past. Maintenance of larger, more stable populations on the Breite plateau could be realized by creating and maintaining a higher diversity of aquatic habitats, regarding both their sizes and hydroperiod.


Quantitative terpene analysis of the leaf oils of 433 wild Douglas-fir trees from 87 northwestern localities, 66 wind-pollinated progenies of 4 trees from Idaho, 100 trees from 5 localities represented in a provenance trial, and 76 trees from four full-sib families of F1 intervarietal crosses allowed assessment of biosynthetic pathways, geographic variation, and modes of inheritance. Hypothetical biosynthetic pathways, derived from the cooccurrence of terpenes implied that the variation in 17 monoterpenes could be represented by three or four biogenetic pathways. As a result, geographic variation between the coastal and Rocky Mountain varieties can be described by the relative percentages of β-pinene, the terpinene–sabinene group of terpenes, the camphene group, and perhaps limonene. An abrupt reduction in the production of the camphene group occurs in going from interior to coastal populations. Moreover, patterns of segregation within four full-sib intervarietal hybrid families suggested that production ...


This paper purports, first, to give a simple economic theory to show why competition policy is important; second, to give an introductory account of competition policy in Japan, both from legal and economic perspectives, and illustrating them with several actual cases; and, third, to show the difficult balance between competition policy, that prohibits monopoly, and intellectual property, that give monopoly rights to inventors to stimulate innovation. Its aim is not to present original research: rather, it aims to give a general introduction to the Japanese competition policy and its law, Anti-Monopoly Act, without going into the legal detail but with an economist"s perspective.


This book examines some of the intriguing notions of the complex antitrust-intellectual property interface, focusing primarily on property and dynamic economic doctrines. The extensive discussion addresses antitrust patterns of unilateral behaviour and the intellectual property (IP) institutions of patents and copyright.


The amino acid sequence of a peptide fragment of a peptide toxin isolated from the blue-green algae, Microcystis aeruginosa, is D-Ala-L Leu-erythro-β-methyl-D-isoAsp-L Ala-Baa-D-Glu, where Baa is a novel β-amino acid; the toxin is monocyclic, and the position of an N-methyldehydroalanine residue has been tentatively established.


Institutions of higher education are operating in an increasingly complex and competitive environment. This paper identifies contemporary challenges facing institutions of higher education worldwide and explores the potential of Big Data in addressing these challenges. The paper then outlines a number of opportunities and challenges associated with the implementation of Big Data in the context of higher education.The paper concludes by outlining future directions relating to the development and implementation of an institutional project on Big Data.


Abstract This article examines the roles of German scholarship in Spanish writing about the Philippines in the two decades following the 1868 Glorious Revolution in Spain. Several Spanish authors used references to German scholars to enhance the credibility of their writings about the Southeast Asian colony. Others also recognized Germany as a national rival that threatened Spanish interests in the Philippines. Both positions ultimately reinforced Spain's grip on the colony and demonstrate the ambivalent nature of incorporating foreign scholarship into a country's imperialist projects. This history further illustrates the growth of science in Spain and attempts to keep its remaining colonies following the loss of the majority of the American possessions earlier in the century.


Complete transmission of an electron beam through a cavity is not possible if the current exceeds the space-charge limited current. The formation of a virtual cathode reflects some of the beam electrons and reduces the current transmitted through the cavity. Transients in the injected current have been shown to lower the transmitted current below the value predicted by the electrostatic Child-Langmuir law. The present work considers the propagation of an electron beam through a nested-well configuration. Electrostatic particle-in-cell simulations are used to demonstrate that ions can be trapped in the electric potential depression of an electron beam. Furthermore, the trapped ions can prevent the formation of a virtual cathode for beam currents exceeding the space-charge limit.


Ganye, or the act of showing one's talents to an influential person in literary form, exerted important influence on Tang literature. Xingjuan, the literary form for Ganye, not only expanded the contents and subject matters of literature, but also stimulated the booming of poetry, prose and novel. However, some essays in this form were done in a boastfully queer way to impress the readers, which imposed negative impact on literature.


This diploma thesis is focused on financial planning. Financial planning is an important component of the management of each company because good financial planning is a pre-requisite for realization of scheduled targets and achievement of future success. The aim of my diploma thesis is to draw up a long-term and short-term financial plan of company XY, s.r.o. The thesis is divided into two main sections. The first - theoretical section summa-rizes all important findings related to financial planning and creation of financial plan. The practical part begins with introduction of company XY, s.r.o., evaluates its position in the market including analysis of financial health and subsequently includes the long-term fi-nancial plan which is worked out in two options for the period 2013 - 2015. These options will be evaluated and I will work out a short-term financial plan for the selected option. Finally I will propose recommendations for the future.


Tightening fiscal monetary policies within the United States Navy has prompted Commanders at all levels of the Naval Establishment to intensify their efforts toward achieving the highest possible efficiency in utilization of the assets under their control. Commander, FIGHTER WING ONE, located at the Oceana Naval Air Station, Virginia Beach, Virginia, established a Management Information Center (MIC) to assist fighter squadron managers in this endeavor by gathering and processing data from aviation activities.
To increase the applicability and usefulness of information available from the MIC, a
correlation analysis was performed on MIC data revealing strongly associative relationships
between OPERATIONAL READINESS and the following three variable ratios:
FSC·HOURS/
Tightening fiscal monetary policies within the United States Navy has prompted Commanders at all
levels of the Naval Establishment to intensify their efforts toward achiev- ing the highest
possible efficiency in utilization of the assets under their control. Commander, FIGHTER WING ONE,
located at the Oceana Naval Air Station, Virginia Beach, Virginia, established a Management
Information Center (MIC) to assist fighter squadron managers in this endeavor by gathering and
processing data from aviation activities.
To increase the applicability and usefullness of informa- tion available from the MIC, a
correlation analysis was per- formed on MIC data revealing strongly associative relationships
between OPERATIONAL READINESS and the following three variable ratios:
FSC·HOURS / HOURS IN RRS
FLIGHT HOURS / TOTAL A799's and FLIGHT HOURS / HOURS IN RRS


A low-power IEEE 802.15.4z high-rate PHY (HRP) compatible coherent transmitter is described. The proposed transmitter uses a digital polar architecture with fixed amplitude steps in the power amplifier and asynchronous time-discrete pulse shaping. The pulse-shaping unit consists of a finite-impulse response (FIR) filter using current-starved inverter-based delay taps that can be calibrated on-chip. An injection-locked ring oscillator (ILRO)-based frequency synthesis enables wideband operation from 3- to 10-GHz frequency bands. The ILRO also allows for duty-cycled coherent mode operation with 2–4-ns phase locking time and binary phase modulation is applied directly on the oscillator. The on-chip digital front end enables duty cycling (DC) of analog front-end modules with a granularity of 2 ns. Implemented in 28-nm CMOS process, this chip is measured to consume 4.9-mW power in nominal mode with IEEE 802.15.4z high pulse repetition frequency (HPRF) compatible data rate of 6.81 Mb/s compliant with major spectrum mask regulations for channels 5 and 9. With DC of the oscillator enabled in the energy-efficient mode, a power consumption of $430~\mu \text{W}$ is achieved for packets compatible with legacy pulse-position-modulated IEEE 802.15.4a standard with a data rate of 27.2 Mb/s.


Background: Achieving a professional identity at work ultimately increase the motivation and high participation of nurses in the organization and can lead to nurses' career satisfaction . Aim: To assess the professional identity and career satisfaction among Intensive Care nurses. Subjects and Method: Research design : A descriptive correlational research design was used. Setting: The study was conducted in all Intensive Care Units at Tanta University Main Hospital including Pediatric, Neonatal, Neurological, Cardiac, and Medical Intensive Care Unit. Subjects: All (n= 320) nurses who were working in the same setting and available at the time of data collection. Tools: Two tools were used to collect the data, Nurses' Professional Identity Questionnaire and Career Satisfaction Questionnaire . Results: The majority of nurses had a high level of perception regarding professional identity and career satisfaction where (89.7%, 72.2%) respectively. Conclusion: There was a highly statistically significant positive correlation between nurses' perception of professional identity and their career satisfaction. Recommendation: Provide nurses with workshops, in-service programs, and other nursing education activities in various work settings to improve their development that enhances professional identity.


Long-term preservation of digital data has a very special character in Germany's »museum landscape«. A comparison of the conditions prevailing in museums with those in libraries and archives sheds light on the peculiarities of museum needs. This article highlights those conditions which are the defining factors of concrete solutions. A look beyond national boundaries finds resources such as the UNESCO »Guidelines for the Preservation of Digital Heritage« or the »Digital Preservation for Museums: Recommendations« by the Canadian Heritage Information Network, which are especially suitable as best practice guidelines for stimulating the development of structures and solutions for long-term preservation of digital data in German museums.


Objective To observe the change of oxygen utilization coefficient(O2UC) of internal jugular vein,to investigate arteriovenous difference of lactic acid(VALa) and carbon dioxide(VAPCO2) in the internal jugular vein in early stage of severe brain injury and evaluate their significance in reflecting the oxygen metabolic changes of the brain.Methods To compare the O2UC,VAPCO2 and VALa in internal jugular vein the severity of the disease.Results VAPCO2 in patients with both severe and mild-to-middle brain injury was positive.The net value of difference in mild-to-middle brain injury was greater than that of severe brain injury.The difference was obvious with P0.05.VALa was negative in patients with severe brain injury,while VALa was positive in patients with mild-to-middle brain injury.The difference between the two group was obvious with P0.05.O2UC in mild-to-middle brain injury was greater than that of severe brain injury.The difference was obvious with P0.05.Conclusion Patients with severe brain injury exhibited low O2UC,low VAPCO2 and negative VALa,which are all positively correlated with that of internal jugular vein,which is an indication of serious condition of brain injury in early stage.Blood-gas and lactic acid monitoring of internal jugular vein is an alternative approach in cerebral oxygen metabolism monitoring with clinical value.


In the High Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactor (HTGR) the TRISO particle fuel serves as the primary fission product containment. However the large number of TRISO particles present in proposed HTGRs dictates that there will be a small fraction (~10-4 to 10-5) of as manufactured and in-pile particle failures that will lead to some fission product release. The matrix material surrounding the TRISO particles in fuel compacts and the structural graphite holding the TRISO particles in place can also serve as sinks for containing any released fission products. However data on the migration of solid fission products through these materials is lacking. One of the primary goals of the AGR-3/4 experiment is to study fission product migration from failed TRISO particles in prototypic HTGR components such as structural graphite and compact matrix material. In this work, the potential for a Gamma Emission Computed Tomography (GECT) technique to non-destructively examine the fission product distribution in AGR-3/4 components and other irradiation experiments is explored. Specifically, the feasibility of using the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) Hot Fuels Examination Facility (HFEF) Precision Gamma Scanner (PGS) system for this GECT application is considered. To test the feasibility, the response of the PGS system to idealized fission productmore » distributions has been simulated using Monte Carlo radiation transport simulations. Previous work that applied similar techniques during the AGR-1 experiment will also be discussed as well as planned uses for the GECT technique during the post irradiation examination of the AGR-2 experiment. The GECT technique has also been applied to other irradiated nuclear fuel systems that were currently available in the HFEF hot cell including oxide fuel pins, metallic fuel pins, and monolithic plate fuel.« less


N and P non-point source pollution status of vegetable fields in the suburb of Fuzhou city was evaluated by testing samples of vegetable (120 samples), soil surface water (16 samples) and groundwater (11 samples) collected from 14 pieces of vegetable fields which were located at the suburb of that city according to the related criteria in this paper. Results showed that (1) Proportions of vegetable samples of which nitrate content fell into serious pollution level (NO3- ≥3 100 mg•kg-1), heavy pollution level (NO3- ≥ 1 440 mg•kg-1) and moderate pollution level (NO3- ≥ 785 mg•kg-1) were 13.33%, 32.5% and 50.83%, respectively. (2) Proportions of soil surface water samples of which ammonia nitrogen content was beyond the water quality criteria of Grade Ⅲ (1 mg L-1) and Grade Ⅴ (2 mg L-1) were 62.5% and 56.25% in vegetable field, respectively. The proportion of soil surface water samples of which nitrate nitrogen content was beyond the water quality criterion of the national centralized drinking water standards for surface water (10 mg L-1) was 12.5% in vegetable field. Compared with the surface water quality criteria of Grade Ⅴ (2 mg N L-1, 0.4 mg P L-1), the average and maximal total N, P content of soil surface water samples of vegetable were 10.99 and 33.80 mg L-1, 4.75 and 12.75 mg L-1, respectively. (3) The proportion of vegetable field groundwater samples of which ammonia-N content was beyond the water quality criteria of Grade Ⅴ (0.5 mg•L-1) was 18.18%. Proportions of groundwater samples of which nitrate content was super-scale (≥10 mg L-1) and serious super-scale (≥20 mg L-1) were 54.55% and 27.27%, respectively. The content of total N of all groundwater samples detected was beyond the water quality criteria of Grade Ⅴ (2 mg N L-1, GB3838-2002). And the proportion of vegetable field groundwater samples of which total P content was beyond the water quality criteria of Grade Ⅴ (0.4 mg P L-1, GB3838-2002) was 81.82%.


Purpose: In the growth of family companies, corporate entrepreneurship is very important for the sustainability of family companies that are managed across generations. Sustainability of family companies is more successful in implementing corporate entrepreneurship than other companies. Therefore, researchers study the influence of families on corporate entrepreneurship. This study examines why some families are better at encouraging corporate entrepreneurship in their companies than others.
Design/methodology/approach: The method used in this study uses a qualitative method using a study library. A search was conducted on the Scopus database of 33 articles in publications 2005-2021 published in scientific journals included in the inclusion criteria.
Findings: The results of this Systematic Mapping study can provide an overview of opportunities to explore new topics on mapping corporate entrepreneurship in family businesses. The most discussed topics are HR, strategy and organizational culture in the general industry and manufacturing sectors.
Research limitations/implications: This research is limited to using only one Scopus database.
Practical implications: The implications of the research from a practical point of view are how this research data can be better managed in the future by researchers and professionals engaged in entrepreneurship and family businesses.
Originality/value: This paper provides a clear description of the role of corporate entrepreneurship in family businesses. This brings together and maps for the first time in an integrated manner several topics related to corporate entrepreneurship in family businesses. This leads to the conclusion that topics related to corporate entrepreneurship in successful family businesses refer to the relationship between human resource management and organizational culture
Paper type: Literature review


In the prologue to his Metamorphoses Apuleius has Lucius the narrator declare that he is going to "tie together different sorts of tales for you in that Milesian style of yours" (tibi sermone isto Milesio varias fabulas conseram), namely, that he will expand on the original (Greek) story of Lucius by inserting entertaining "Milesian" narratives. Apuleius seems to have inserted mutatis mutandis some 19 tales in total. Several of them probably derive from the Greek original which is now lost but served as model for both Apuleius' Latin novel and the lesser Greek epitome transmitted among Lucian's works. Identifying and differentiating Apuleius' own literary work from these Greek sources is a delicate proposition. As far as I know, no critic has denied Apuleius the authorship of the longest tale, Amor and Psyche (Met. 4.28‒6.24), even if the adventures of Psyche are not the author's invention. Thus, at least, situated at the exact centre of the novel we have a very long narrative complex. And to the extent that Psyche's story foreshadows at first that of Charite who has listened to


Road friction estimation concerns inference of the coefficient between the tire and road surface to facilitate active safety features. Current state-of-the-art methods lack generalization capability to cope with different tire characteristics and models are restricted when using Bayesian inference in estimation while recent supervised learning methods lack uncertainty prediction on estimates. This paper introduces variational inference to approximate intractable posterior of friction estimates and learns an amortized variational inference model from tire measurement data to facilitate probabilistic estimation while sustaining the flexibility of tire models. As a by-product, a probabilistic tire model can be learned jointly with friction estimator model. Experiments on simulated and field test data show that the learned friction estimator provides accurate estimates with robust uncertainty measures in a wide range of tire excitation levels. Meanwhile, the learned tire model reflects well-studied tire characteristics from field test data.


The purpose of this article is to estimate the weighted average cost of capital of an agricultural cooperative located in the northwestern region of the State of Parana, Brazil, using the Aswath Damodaran model. The method used was bibliographical research, to build a theoretical support for the article, as well as documental research, with the purpose of extracting data from the financial statements – balance sheet and statement of surplus for the year – of the cooperative that is the object of this case study. The results obtained lead to the conclusion that the weighted average cost of the cooperative being examined was 14.94% per annum in the fiscal year 2002. Such rate was comprised of the cost of owned funds adjusted to the risk of the activities of the cooperative, the value of which reached 11.58% per annum, and the net cost of third parties' funds, at a rate of 19.05% per annum. It becomes evident that the greatest impact on the weighted average cost of capital resulted from the use of funds raised through currency exchange transactions (24.99%) at a cost of 58.31% per annum. It can be verified that such transactions accounted for 67.92% of the total cost of third parties' funds.


In 1978, on a visit to Mr Arun Maitra, then of Lindfield, Sydney, Australia, my uncle-byaffection (a family friend from the 1940s), I saw on his bookshelves four paper-covered Bengali-language booklets with dark red or grey covers, all obviously from the same press. As I recall, they were unillustrated quartos of approximately 50 pages, certainly no longer than 70 pages, perhaps shorter. They were anonymous 'street-texts', with no publisher or press listed; that is, they were the sort of thing that is bought from an itinerant hawker on the 'footpath', brought out from materials secreted beneath more presentable magazines and books on the steps of a shop, or at the very most, bought from a roadside stall (not a proper bookshop) which carries second-hand or cheap material and offers likely customers 'interesting' materials in whispers—for India was and is still a publicly very puritanical culture. Uncle Arun said that he had acquired the booklets at some time in the 1940s in Calcutta. When I asked him for copies of them in the mid-1990s, he said that he had thrown them away in a clear-out. At the end of more than one of the four was an appended list of similar booklets, including one which I remember for its linguistically hybrid rhyming title Abha-r Labhar; Abha is a girl's name, but 'lover' is not a usual or fully acclimatised loanword in Bengali. I have never seen any other street texts of this sort. Such materials as there are in most collections of erotica/curiosa in the world's great libraries are often largely those amassed by the wealthy elite (the 'Private Cupboard' in the British Library and 'L'Enfer' in the Bibliothèque Nationale are among the best known of these collections). When Karen Sherry (2004) tells of her search for objects at the Winterthur Museum, Delaware, she comments on how collecting practices and moral and aesthetic biases affect the study of erotic materials. She speaks of the 'private case tradition', of erudite gentlemen and expensive items in the early nineteenth-century, of limited availability and the absence of historical documentation, of items 'without a history', of 'low survival rates and persistent reticence about ownership', of materials regarded as 'amusing, yet trivial curiosities from the past, not potential historical documents', of 'one of the chief problems in researching erotica: namely, the absence of a standardised classification system' and taxonomy, and of the 'conundrum for the serious researcher: if one does not know about the existence of pornographic artefacts, how does one find them?' There was also and probably still is extensive production of works for a less wealthy market and one less likely to preserve them (see Lisa Sigel's Governing Pleasures, 2002, which is very good on the conditions of production and distribution). However, we know less about 'mass-market' erotica as it was (a) often in a much more ephemeral form than that from 'high culture' and (b) more likely to be thrown away or passed on until it fell to pieces.


The mechanism of activation of platelets by collagen was examined. Hirudin interfered with the initial collagen-platelet interaction and both hirudin and heparin inhibited collagen-induced release of


Sociocultural, medical, family environment, and cognitive factors predictive of adherence to treatment of epilepsy were analysed in 119 children, age 4 to 14 years, enrolled in a longitudinal study at the first visit to the seizure clinic, Los Angeles Children's Hospital, CA.


Background: There is an increased risk of asthma after viral wheezing episodes in early childhood, but unfortunately, prospective longitudinal data are lacking. The aim of this cohort study was to evaluate the risk of asthma in young adulthood after hospitalization for viral wheezing episodes in early childhood. Methods: The original cohort comprised 100 individuals aged <24 months who were hospitalized for viral wheezing episodes in 1992–1993. After the index episode, data on a diagnosis of asthma 1 year later and at median ages of 4.0, 7.2 and 12.3 years were recorded in follow-up visits. Forty-nine individuals attended the latest follow-up visit at the age of 17-20 years. Current asthma was diagnosed based on symptoms at the time of the last follow-up, use of inhaled corticosteroids and peak expiratory flow (PEF) monitoring. Results: Twenty-six (53%) of the 49 cohort individuals had asthma at a mean age of 18.8 years. In multivariate analyses, a diagnosis of asthma 1 year after index hospitalization and at ages 4.0, 7.2 and 12.3 years were significant risk factors for current asthma (adjusted odds ratios [aORs] of 7.13, 8.86, 8.05 and 21.16, respectively). Atopic dermatitis in infancy (aOR: 4.20) and eosinophilia on admission (5.18) were also significant predictive factors for asthma. Conclusion: Over half (26/49) of the participants who had been hospitalized for viral wheezing episodes in early childhood had asthma in young adulthood. An asthma diagnosis at any age during childhood, as well as eosinophilia in early childhood, were independent significant predictive factors for asthma.


The future 5G mobile networks are expected to provide agile services to users with different requirement levels. These services need isolated and independent lifecycle management. Network slicing is considered as a solution for simultaneous onboarding of these services. The main idea behind the network slicing is the split of the resources of the radio access network (RAN) and core network (CN) between different services while the service requirements are met and service operations are independent. Each slice is composed of a set of RAN and CN resources and is assigned to one or some services. One of the important challenges in a slice-based mobile network is the service (or slice) admission control problem. It is referred to the process of determining the policy of the mobile network operator (MNO) for admitting the service requests. However, most of the conducted studies for service admission control problem in network slicing only considers the resources of the RAN layer. In this paper, we model the problem of service admission control considering the CN and RAN layers resource allocation while maximizing the MNO's profit. Due to the boolean programming nature of the proposed problem, we introduce a two-step sub-optimal algorithm. In each step of the proposed algorithm, a heuristic for a variant form of the knapsack problem is solved. Finally, through simulations, the proximity of the proposed algorithm to the optimal solution is inferred.


Objective:To evaluate new kind superparamagnetic oral MR contrast agent-D98A in the diagnosis of MRI for upper alimentary canal.Methods:To drinking D98A before MRI,scanning upper alimentary canal in 32 cases with age from 21 to 55 years old by using difference field strong machine,analyzing the imaging and case-control study.Results:Filling of upper alimentary canal was 100% after drinking D98A.Upper alimentary canal was grey contrast in all proceedings.Display of retroperitoneum organ was from 25% to 95% after drinking D98A.It was raised a good detail in upper alimentary canal circumstance and between adjacent organs than antithesis group.Conclusion:D98A was taken on patients easy,it showed that this oral contrast agent had a good security,wide application area,and good contrast effect,it could manifested clarity the size and length of the locus.It had high value of clinical application.


As per the observation of teaching and learning outcomes of Drama and Theatre Arts in lower, secondary and higher educational levels, the objectives of the teaching seem to have deviated from the expected outcome of the study. This may be identified by review of the curriculum, discussion with the teachers of the Drama and Theatre Arts and the learners of Drama and Theatre Arts in lower secondary and higher educational levels.


We performed phase-reference very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) observations on five radio-loud narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies (NLS1s) at 8.4 GHz with the Japanese VLBI Network. Each of the five targets (RXS J08066+7248, RXS J16290+4007, RXS J16333+4718, RXS J16446+2619, and B3 1702+457) in milli-Jansky levels were detected and unresolved in milli-arcsecond resolutions, i.e., with brightness temperatures higher than 10 7 K. The nonthermal processes of active galactic nucleus activity, rather than starbursts, are predominantly responsible for the radio emissions from these NLS1s. Out of the nine known radio-loud NLS1s, including those chosen for this study, we found that the four most radio-loud objects exclusively have inverted spectra. This suggests a possibility that these NLS1s are radio-loud due to Doppler beaming, which can apparently enhance both the radio power and the spectral frequency.


Dean of the Graduate College iv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would first like to thank Dr. David Neal, committee chair. Dr. Neal served as my thesis advisor throughout the course of this venture, and guided me through the process from initial concept to the finished thesis. Without his assistance and knowledge, this thesis would not have been possible. I would also like to thank committee members Dr. Anthony Brown and Dr. Gary Webb. Both Dr. Brown and Dr. Webb provided ideas and guidance throughout the thesis process. Their knowledge and expertise helped strengthen my thesis. In addition to my committee, I would like to thank Dr. Brenda Phillips, whose expertise involving qualitative methodology helped shape the design and scope of my thesis. Dr. Phillips was also a tremendous source of support throughout the entire process. I would also like to Dr. William Pessemier for his support during our frequent afternoon meetings and his ability to motivate me throughout this process. I also have to thank Paul Hewett, who was also a source of support. I would be remiss if I did not mention Dr. Henry Fischer. Dr. Fischer inspired my academic interest in this field, and inspired me to challenge myself and strive for excellence. Dr. Fischer also took an active interest in my personal life and was supportive throughout my undergraduate studies. I was among the last group of students who had the privilege of working for Dr. Fischer prior to his retirement. Finally, this thesis would not have been possible without my parents. Both my father John and stepmother Kristie supported me throughout my academic studies. Lastly, I would like to thank my mother Gail, whose untimely passing inspired me to join the emergency services field to help others, and whose memory inspires me to strive for excellence every day.


The branching fraction for the decay of the UPSILON(1S) into tau pairs has been measured to be 3.4 +- 0.4 +- 0.4%. This result agrees with the previously measured branching ratio of the decay into muon pairs.


Objective:To explore the effect of Qingfeng capsule,a traditional Chinese medicine with the function of detoxification,on changes of body weight and blood of rats,that cause by the long-time morphine-dependence and withdrawal.Methods:We constructed a rat model of morphine-dependence and precipitated withdrawal followed by the observation on body weight,erythrocytes and hemorheology to estimate the function of Qingfeng capsule on body weight and blood of exposed rat.Results:Qingfeng capsule at various concentrations is significantly able to alleviate the decrease of the body weight,reduce blood and plasma viscosity in rats with morphine-dependence and precipitated withdrawal compared with positive drug group.Conclusion:The hematological index conjunction with the body weight lose of rats with morphine-dependence and precipitated withdrawal are unequivocally refined by Qingfeng capsule.


The research of photosynthesis physiological characteristic and the water use efficiency of one-year-old Gymnema sylvestre growing in the soil under two water contents was conducted by using the portable LI-6400 photosynthesis determining system.The results were showed:(1)The light saturation point,the compensation point,and the apparent quantum use efficiency for the leaf of G.sylvestre were 200~400 μmol·m-2·s-1,12.188 0~12.559 3 μmol·m-2·s-1,0.047 2~0.050 8 mol·mol-1 respectively,indicating G.sylvestre to be heliophyte,but with strong ability to use weak light.(2)The CO2 compensation point is 70.97~73.75 μmol·mol-1,the CO2 saturation point is 1 115.51~1 687.99 μmol·mol-1,the carboxyl efficiency is 7.35×10-3~8.64×10-3 μmol·m-2·s-1,indicating G.sylvestre to be C3 plant.(3)The most effective time to use water is 10:00 am and 4:00 pm.(4)G.sylvestre had higher Pm,α and LSP but a lower LCP in high water content soil than in low water content soil indicated the fact that,when the water content was higher,G.sylvestre had stronger ability to use weak light and could effectively use the entire sunshine,well grown and with a strong photosynthesis power;when the water content was lower,with a small CO2 compensation point,it could use the low CO2 concentration and had a high efficiency to absorb water.


Recently, alcohol fermentation has gained considerable attention with the aim of lowering its production cost in the production processes of both fuel ethanol and alcoholic beverages. The over-all cost is a summation of costs of various subsystems such as raw material (sugar, starch, and cellulosic substances) treatment, fermentation process, and alcohol separation from water solutions; lowering the cost of the fermentation process is very important in lowering the total cost. Several new techniques have been developed for economic continuous ethanol production. These include the slow growth of highly flocculent yeasts in a tower fermentor for beer production, use of a continuous wine fermentor with no mechanical stirring, cell recycle combined with continuous removal of ethanol under vacuum, a technique involving a bed of yeast admixed with an inert carrier, and use of immobilized yeast reactors in packed-bed column and in a three-stage double conical fluidized-bed bioreactor. All these techniques lead to increases, more or less, in reactor productivity, which in turn result in the reduction of the reactor size for a given production rate and a particular conversion. Since an improvement in the fermentation process often leads to a reduction of fermentor size and hence, a lowering of the initialmore » construction cost, it is important to theoretically arrive at a solution to what is the minimum-size setup of ideal reactors from the viewpoint of liquid backmixing. In this short communication, the minimum-sized ideal reactor for a continuous alcohol fermentation using immobilized cells will be specifically discussed on the basis of a mathematical model. The solution will service for designing an optimal bioreactor. (Refs. 26).« less


Arterial blood pressure was recorded directly in 11 normotensive subjects, in 11 patients with essential hypertension and in 10 patients with renovascular hypertension. The pressor response to intravenous injections of norepinephrine, tyramine, angiotensin and ephedrine was compared in these three groups. An infusion of angiotensin was then given and the pressor response to injections of norepinephrine, tyramine, and ephedrine was again measured; in some cases, a comparison of the effects of the cold pressor test was made. In normotensive subjects, angiotensin infusion caused a significant increase in the responses to tyramine and ephedrine but not to norepinephrine; this occurred with subpressor doses and was unrelated to the level of blood pressure. In patients with renovascular hypertension, the mean pressor responses to injections of tyramine and ephedrine and the ratio of response to tyramine to that to norepinephrine were significantly increased, and the infusion of angiotensin failed to cause any further increase in these responses. In contrast, in patients with essential hypertension, the average response to injections of tyramine was not significantly increased, but during angiotensin infusion the response to tyramine increased as in normotensive subjects. It is proposed that increased response to tyramine, and lack of the potentiating effect of angiotensin demonstrated in renovascular hypertension, may be caused by increased formation of endogenous angiotensin due to renin secretion in this disease. ADDITIONAL KEY WORDS diagnosis of hypertension sympathetic nervous system cold pressor test hypertension with renal artery stenosis norepinephrine release ephedrine renin essential hypertension • McCubbin and Page (1) recently found in dogs that angiotensin increases their response to tyramine and other agents that cause release of endogenous norepinephrine and they suggested that angiotensin has an indirect effect on the sympathetic nervous system. Subsequently, Page et al. (2) found in dogs that the pressor response to tyramine is augmented in both the acute and chronic phases of experimental renal hypertension. The findings appear to be important in clarifying the mechanism of experimental hyper-tension. It is not yet known, however, wheth


The developmentally regulated appearance of surface immuno‐reactivity of proligodendroblasts [oligodendrocyte progenitors reacting with monoclonal antibodies A007 and O4, but not anti‐galactocerebroside (GalC), i.e., A007/O4+ GalC−] to monoclonal antibodies R‐mAb and O1 was studied both in culture and in vivo. In both cases staining with R‐mAb shortly preceded that with O1; that is, a transient population of R‐mAb+ O1− cells was observed. R‐mAb− O1+ cells were not detected. Differential staining with R‐mAb and O1 was also noted at the subcellular level. In younger cultures in which R‐mAb+ cells were first acquiring O1 immunoreactivity, many of these cells were stained by O1 only on the cell bodies and proximal portions of the processes, whereas in contrast R‐mAb stained the whole cell, including the distal portions of the processes. Only in older, more mature R‐mAb+ cells did O1 also stain the distal portions of processes. The expression of reactivity to R‐mAb and O1 was compared to the proliferative capacity of the cells. Proliferation [assessed by bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation] of both R‐mAb+ and O1+ cells was negligible both in culture and in vivo. However, treatment of cells in culture with 10 ng/ml basic fibroblast growth factor resulted in an enhancement of proliferation of the R‐mAb+ cells. Within the proliferating R‐mAb+BrdU+ population, 80% of the cells were O1− (i.e., anti‐galactocerebroside negative). These events occur during a critical period of development when A007/O4+ proligodendroblasts begin to become post‐mitotic and express surface galactocerebroside. The data demonstrate that the use of R‐mAb as an "anti‐GalC" must be interpreted with caution, and indicate the utility of dual staining with R‐mAb and O1 to (1) further subdivide the oligodendrocyte lineage, thus identifying an additional, GalC− developmental compartment, and (2) observe the distribution of R‐mAb and O1 immunoreactivity at a subcellular level. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Arrangement between the government of the federal republic of germany and the government of the dominican republic concerning technical cooperation in the project "crafts and trades chamber partnership between the instituto nacional de formacion tecnico profesional (infotep) and the handwerkskamer niederbayern/oberpfalz (hwk-n/o)". Santo domingo, 19 february 1985 and 29 may 1985


A high-pressure natural gas-pipe-line runs underground a valley of a river in a geological unstable area on the northern outskirts of the Alps. To get the permission to establish and to operate the pipe-line, the local authorities demanded for an information system which makes it possible to detect additional mechanical stresses in the pipe-line due to unspecified bending moments caused by the sudden gliding of the soil stratum. It was decided to use strain-gages as stress-transducers. They were bonded 20 years ago to the surface of the pipe at 8 important areas, protected against humidity and damage, wired to a measuring station on an island in the river and connected with a telephone modem to the control station of the gas company. The strains were monitored continuously, recorded and so available for assuring structural integrity of the pipe-line. When maximum allowable strains (stresses) would be exceeded there was a chance to close two pipeline valves at both sides of the river. The experiences showed, that long-time monitoring of strain-gage- signals can be used as cost-effective inspection tool for older equipment to detect possible environmentally induced damage, to assess the life integrity of the pipeline.


In this paper, we report an original method to immobilize gold nanorods onto mixed self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of Mercaptoundecanoic Acid (MUA), Mercaptohexanol (MOH) and cysteamine (CYS) onto planar gold surface. Polarization modulation infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (PM-IRRAS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images revealed a remarkable shape and size narrow distribution on well functionalized gold surfaces, as well as a tendency to form linear assemblies after immobilization. The results highlight the good distribution of gold nanorods with an average length of 32.6 ± 0.9 nm and width of 13 ± 1.8 nm, the simplicity of the immobilization procedure of gold nanorods and the interest of using them as labels to enhance the sensitivity of FT-SPR-based sensors. gold nanostructured surface FT-SPR measurements of biorecognition using gold nanorods immobilized onto gold surfaces were performed at various prostatic antigen specific (PSA) concentrations, from 5 mg/L to 0.5 mg/L reaching a system sensitivity of 37 ± 2 cm-1/ mgL-1.


We examine the impact of productivity increases in a setting where wealth-constrained entrepreneurs are privately informed about whether their project will succeed with high (pH) or low (pL) probability. Not surprisingly, many productivity increases (e.g., an increase in pH) generate gains for entrepreneurs and/or venture capitalists. However, some productivity increases (e.g., an increase in pL) can generate widespread losses. Furthermore, entrepreneurs with low-productivity projects can benefit more from policies that increase the productivity of high-quality projects than from policies that increase their own productivity. Therefore, the design of policy to enhance welfare in the entrepreneurial sector can entail important subtleties.


Conversion from another language to native language is highly demanding due to increasing the usage of web based application. Firstly, the respective sentence of a native language is converted to Universal Networking Language (UNL) expressions and then UNL expressions can be converted to any native language. Already UNL system is developed for most of the languages, but there are no algorithms to convert Bangla sentence to UNL expressions. This paper presents newly developed algorithms for conversion of Bangla sentence into UNL expressions. Theoretically it proves its ability to convert from Bangla sentence to UNL expression.


The invention relates to a method for extracting the regions of interest (ROIs) of a pedestrian by using an image segmentation method on the basis of road restriction and belongs to the field of vehicular pedestrian detection ROIs extraction. The method comprises steps of: reading an image I to be detected; determining whether the image I is a grayscale image; performing median filtering on the image I in order to obtain an image I ; performing grayscale enhancement on the image I by using histogram equalization; training an optimal grayscale image segmentation threshold value of a common driving image by using a fuzzy C-means clustering algorithm; obtaining a binary image; performing edge detection on an image I ; performing Hough transformation on an image I in order to obtain a linear equation for cutting pavements; marking the communication regions of an image I ; extracting possibly-existing ROIs of the pedestrian; performing HOG+SVM on the extracted ROIs in order to perform accurate pedestrian detection; and drawing a rectangular frame with a size of 128*64 pixel2 on the original image I. The method effectively decreases the number of traversal windows so as to improve detection speed and detection precision.


Intramolecular dehydro Diels–Alder reactions between acetylenes and phenylacetylenes have been known since the 19th century and are well documented.1 The intermediates in these reactions are 1,2,4-cyclohexatrienes,2 strained cyclic allenes that normally evolve to aromatic products by cyclohexatriene isomerization, which in the presence of protic solvents occurs preferentially by an intermolecular ionic pathway.3 We have previously shown that thermal cyclization of N-propargylphenylpropiolamides 1 in the absence of a proton source give a mixture of isomeric benzo[f]and benzo[e]isoindol-1-ones 2 and 3, respectively (Scheme 1).4 The unexpected major product 3 probably arises from rearrangement of the initial cyclic allene intermediate 4. The same rearrangement also seems to occur in the thermolysis of 3-aryl5and 3-(trimethylsilyl)propynones,6 though in these cases it leads to minor products. We report herein the results of the cyclization of the related N-(3-aryl)propargyl-3-(trimethylsilyl)propiolamides 6a–c. The synthesis of 6a–c was accomplished by a straightforward two-step sequence starting from commercially available cyclohexyl isocyanate (Scheme 2).7 Addition of lithium trimethylsilylacetylide and entrapment of the resulting amidate intermediate with propargyl bromide allowed isolation of the 3-(trimethylsilyl)propiolamide 5 in rather good yield (81%). Subsequent palladium-catalyzed coupling of 5 with aryl iodides led to the 3-(trimethylsilyl)propiolamides 6a–c. The presence of the protecting trimethylsilyl group in the propiolamide is essential; the products of its removal were unstable.8


Rocky S. TuanDegenerative joint diseases such as osteoarthritiscause pain and compromise mobility, thus posing asignificant disease burden. Articular cartilage, the load-bearing tissue of the joint, has limited potential forrepair and regeneration. An attractive approach is todevelop engineered cartilage constructs for the repair oflarge chondral defects (1). Cartilage tissue engineeringrequires 3 components: cells, scaffold, and environment.Adult stem cells, specifically mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs), are often considered a promising candidate cellsource because of the ease with which they can beisolated and expanded and their chondrogenic differen-tiation capabilities.MSCs are isolated from many adult tissue types,such as bone marrow, skin, muscle, and trabecular bone,and are characterized by their ability to undergo exten-sive self-renewal in vitro and to assume multilineagedifferentiation, including osteogenesis, chondrogenesis,and adipogenesis (2). Commonly selected by differentialsubstrate adhesion, MSCs exhibit surface epitopes suchas Stro1 and CD105, although no MSC-specific molec-ular marker(s) have been identified. The chondrogenicactivity of MSCs has been demonstrated in vitro inhigh-density pellet cultures treated with transforminggrowth factor (TGF ) (3). The appearance of acartilage phenotype is accompanied by characteristichistologicfeatures,theexpressionofcartilage-associatedgenes such as types II and IX collagen as well asaggrecan and dermatopontin, and the biosynthesis ofsulfated proteoglycans. Translating the micro-scale car-tilage formation by MSCs in vitro to larger-scale carti-lage tissue engineering ex vivo and/or in vivo is a currentchallenge of musculoskeletal regenerative medicine.Developmentally, there are 2 main types of car-tilageinthemammalianskeleton(4).Transientcartilageis found in the cartilage anlage of endochondral bones,such as the growth plate of the long bones of the limbwherein mesenchymal cells condense and differentiateinto chondrocytes that proliferate, undergo maturation,hypertrophy, and apoptosis, calcify, and are then re-placed by osteoblasts. In contrast, permanent, hyalinecartilage is found on the articular joint surface. Thechallenge in using MSCs as a cell source for articularcartilage tissue engineering is therefore to maintain theMSC-derived chondrocytes in the prehypertrophic stateand prevent them from undergoing terminal differenti-ation as seen in the growth plate.Currently, the only cell-based articular cartilagerepair procedure approved by the US Food and DrugAdministration is autologous chondrocyte implantation,which was first developed by Brittberg et al (5) and iscurrently marketed as the Carticel procedure. In thisprocedure, articular cartilage plugs are surgically har-vested from the patient's own joint, and chondrocytesare isolated and cultured as expanded chondrocytes exvivo. Subsequently, in a separate surgery, these autolo-gous cells are implanted in the form of a suspension incollagen-containing medium into the lesion site; the siteis then suture-covered with an autologous periosteumflap. More than 10,000 autologous chondrocyte implan-tation procedures have been performed, and althoughthe results are generally considered acceptable forlimited-size lesions, the effectiveness of the procedure isstill under debate (6,7). What is clearly indicated is thepotential of articular chondrocytes as a cell source forcell-based repair of cartilage defects.In comparison with autologous chondrocytes,MSCs represent a promising cell source that may beconveniently manipulated to become chondrocytes forthe purpose of cartilage repair. However, several pub-lished studies have shown that long-term pellet cul-tures of MSCs in TGF -containing chondrogenic me-dium display signs consistent with chondrocyte hyper-


Changing life-style patterns in urban and rural environment has been a perennial topic in social science research. The differences between urban and rural gained different meaning and different significance today then they has have during industrial urbanization characterized with strong outmigration from rural to urban areas. This article is focused on counterurbanization defined as a migration from urban areas to remote rural areas. The overall aim is explore values, perceptions and motivation which have effect on counterurban migration; and thus contribute to our understanding of counterurbanization in the Czech Republic as a post-socialist country. Firstly, perceptions of positives and negatives of urban as well as rural environments as they are reflected in counterurban migrant's narratives are explored in detail. Secondly, differences between life-styles in urban and rural environments are discussed with special attention to discrepancies between expectation the migrants had and the reality they have faced. It is argued that counterurban migrant´s seek better environment for life rather than revival of rural community. The research is based on own qualitative survey conducted in selected rural regions from 2010 to 2011.


Speed reading is a method of improving a reader's ability to read and comprehend a text quickly. To help students learn to accelerate their reading, the techniques of prediction, skimming and scanning were employed in this study. The findings show that the use of these techniques improved students' comprehension capabilities. The students in this study expressed positive attitudes towards the development of their skills, both in increasing reading speed and in motivating reading with a purpose.


Rotylenchus arsenjevi are reported for the first time in Korea. The Korean species differs slightly by having a hemispherical lip region and a slightly shorter tail than the original description (c=38.2-68.7 vs 36-41). Male was founded firstly from Korea and described. Geocenamus adakensis were collected a second time from Korea at a different locality and habitat. The measurements were compared with original description and the firstly collected specimen in Korea.


Introduction: In the aftermath of occurring events or crises, the outbreak of many unfavorable disorders is common and inevitable in society. This study deals with the analysis of the long-term effects of the crisis of quake on children's mental health. Methodology: It is a descriptive study and it simple random sampling procedure. The device of data collection is a standardized questionnaire of the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R).The samples are selected by referring to the girls'- and boys' high school between the ages of 14 and 18 in Bam city, and the choice of samples volume among the students are selected on the proviso that they give affirmative answer to the three questions in the form, which include: (1) Residing in Bam city in the period of quake, (2) having experience of quake, and (3) having the ages of 5–7 at that time. Results: The findings of this study showed that the most prevalent susceptible experience is related to those who confronting with losing one of their relatives ( n = 188, 79/7%), and also the findings of the study in relation to the frequency of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), 95 of participants had a higher score of IES-R, can be recognized as the "PTSD probable cases." Conclusion: The findings indicate that mental health problems and traumatic for a long period of time remains. Proper planning authorities must take in order to protect vulnerable groups.


Using posterior probability based features to segment an audio signal as speech and music has been commonly used method In this study Hidden-Markov-Model (HMM) based acoustic models are used to calculate posterior probabilities. Acoustic Models includes states of context-independent phones as modeling unit. Entropy and Dynamism are found using via the posterior probabilities and these values are used as feature for speech-music discrimination. An HMM based classifier that uses Viterbi decoding is implemented and using discriminative features, audio signals are segmented as speech and music. As a result of the tests, it was found that applied speech-music segmentation method decreasesWord-Error-Rate and increases the speed of recognition.


Using a SQUID magnetometer, the diamagnetic susceptibility of NaCl aqueous solution was measured with high accuracy in a magnetic field of up to 6 Tat 25. The NaCl concentrations adopted in this experiment were 0 (water), 7.5, 15, 23, 26.2, 26.6 and 100% (crystal) with the concentration error of 0.04%. Experimental data was compared with the calculated value of susceptibility derived from dependence of the vapor pressure on NaCl concentration As a result, our measured value was almost in accordance with the calculated value. It was found that the diamagnetic susceptibility shows a decrease of approximately 10% within the saturated concentration (26.2%) and that the susceptibility is one of the effective cause for the concentration dependence in the gas-liquid interface deformation of the NaCl solution.


Twenty years on, Ardila (2010) is proposing a new system for classifying aphasic syndromes. This response will consider the benefits of his proposal, particularly with respect to clinical practice, and whether the objections of commentators like Caramazza and McCloskey still stand. Ardila's system draws a distinction between primary aphasias, where language skills are directly affected, and secondary aphasias, where symptoms arise from impairments outside the language system. An example of the latter is transcortical motor aphasia, which is deemed to be an executive problem affecting language use. The two primary forms of aphasia in Ardila's system are not new at all, but are the highly familiar and long-established Broca's and Wernicke's types. Ardila argues that in these forms of aphasia we see impairments to the fundamental components of language, with Broca's aphasia affecting the grammatical system and Wernicke's aphasia the lexical/semantic system. The neuro-anatomy of aphasia suggests that these systems call upon distinct brain circuits. Ardila adds the interesting suggestion that the grammatical system, impaired in Broca's aphasia, may have evolved from a single genetic mutation crucial for the evolution of language. Although much of Ardila's argument is familiar, the fact that aphasias fall so pervasively into these broad descriptive categories is remarkable. For example, these categories appear across all languages including sign languages (Poizner, Klima, & Belugi, 1987), and show a robust correlation with frontal and posterior lesion sites (Kreisler et al., 2000). The lexical/grammatical dissociation between categories is also


Abstract. Cholesterol in plasma high density lipoproteins (HDL) has been proposed to serve as preferential precursor for bile acid biosynthesis in the liver. Furthermore, a negative relationship between plasma levels of HDL cholesterol and biliary saturation with cholesterol has been reported in healthy females. We have performed metabolic studies on a female patient with fish eye disease, a familial condition where plasma HDL levels are reduced by 90% and the concentration of plasma triglycerides is moderately increased. Both the total production of bile acids and the net steroid 'balance' (reflecting total body cholesterol synthesis) were within the range seen in normolipidaemic as well as in hypertriglyceridaemic females. Also the biliary lipid composition and cholesterol saturation of bile were normal. A qualitative abnormality in the bile acid pattern was observed, however, in that the ratio between the synthesis of cholic acid and chenodeoxy‐cholic acid was reduced. It is concluded that a low HDL cholesterol level is not necessarily associated with quantitative abnormalities of biliary lipid metabolism. The abnormal bile acid synthesis ratio may reflect changes in the hepatic precursor pools of cholesterol as the consequence of HDL deficiency, however.


We investigate the informational content of prices in financial asset markets. To do so, we use a large number of market experiments in which the amount of information held by traders is precisely observed. We derive a new method to estimate how much of this information is incorporated into market prices. We find that public information is almost completely reflected in prices but that surprisingly little private information—less than 50%—is incorporated into prices. Our estimates therefore suggest that, while semistrong informational efficiency is consistent with the data, financial market prices may be very far from strong-form efficiency.


This study aims to analyze the determination of the cost of production of tea drinks that have been carried out by UMKM HOLA and to compare and explain with the results of the calculation of the cost of goods manufactured by the researcher. The type of research used is quantitative descriptive research. This research is a research which intends to provide an overview of the calculation of the cost of goods manufactured by UMKM and provides solutions to the problems found in these UMKM.Based on the results of the analysis and discussion that has been carried out, it can be concluded that the calculation of the cost of goods manufactured by UMKM is still said to be less precise and accurate, which will later result in the determination of the selling price is too high or too low. Calculation of the cost of production is one of the important things to be done for every business because it is one of the determinants of the selling price of products that will be sold.


The beginning of the new century has been marked by a new wave of migration activity of population. Against the background of globalization of economy for the national states this process has both, negative and positive consequences. For Ukraine, that for a long time already has been in the state of permanent social-economic transformations and within two last decades has turned into a potent donor of labor force for foreign labor markets, the need for taking special decisions in the sphere of regulation of migration activity of population is becoming more and more evident.


Objective:To explore the relationship between polymorphism of angiopoietin-2 (Ang2) gene and ovarian carcinoma.Methods:Genotypes of 1087G/A sites in Ang2 gene from 158 patients with ovarian carcinoma and 160 healthy women were detected by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).Results:There was no significant difference in frequency of genotypes and alleles of 1087G/A sites in Ang2 gene between ovarian carcinoma patients and healthy women (P0.05).Conclusion:There is no correlation between polymorphism of1087G/A sites in Ang2 gene and ovarian carcinoma possibly.


Hypermotility in rats produced by various subcutaneous doses of apomorphine (ap) was studied. The neuroleptics chlorpromazine, perphenazine, thioridazine and melperone were administered subcutaneously 30 minutes before ap. The four neuroleptics were found to inhibit ap-induced hypermotility. When the dose of ap was increased, higher doses of the neuroleptics were required to inhibit the hypermotility. By varying the dose of chlorpromazine, thioridazine and melperone partial ap-antagonism was found, but increase of the perphenazine-dose resulted in complete ap-inhibition. Hypermotility produced by ap is presumably dependent on direct stimulation of dopamine (DA)-receptors. Neuroleptics blocking some, but not all, DA-receptors may cause no, or weak parkinsonian side effects.


By analyzing the data waveforms of weighing signal,it is not difficult to find that data are mixed with a lot of noise signal,which affects the weighing results to a great extent. The commonly used filtering methods are to eliminate noise signal within a certain range,but because of uneven road and vehicle vibration factors,the result is instability. This paper introduced a wavelet neural network algorithm to de- noise in processing of the weighing signal. Through experimental and simulation results,the weighing signal which is processed by the WNN,can reach more ideal waveform and gettmore accurate weighing results comparing with the traditional method of de- noising filter,and the error of the weighing results and the actual value is within ± 2%.


Coordination polymers of 1,4-bis(2'-hydroxyphenylazornethine) phenylene have been prepared with the metal ions Ti(III), Cr(III), Fe(III), Mn(II), Ni(II), and Cu(I1). They were characterized by elemental analysis, IR, and electronic spectra. The metal contents in all polymers were found to be consistent with a 1:l (meta1:ligand) stoichiometry. The thermal behavior of these coordination polymers has been studied by thermogravimetric analysis in air up to 750"C, and the data showed that they are thermally stable up to 200°C. Physical properties such as the solubility and viscosity of the polymer complexes were also determined. Electrical conductivity measurements of the synthesized polychelated polymers showed that they are insulators except for the Ni(I1) complex which shows a semiconducting character. Mossbauer data clearly establish the 3 + oxidation state for the iron complex polymer.


Background: TNFα and other pro-inflammatory cytokines activate the canonical NF-kB pathway through the IkBa kinase (IKK) signaling complex. IKKβ kinase is also critical for Akt-mediated NF-κB activ...


The invention relates to a fresh-tea solid beverage of green tea and a production technology thereof and belongs to the technical field of the solid tea beverage. The invention is characterized by consisting of the following components by weight ratio: 50-100 percent of solid of squeezing infusion of green tea leaves after deactivation of enzymes and 0-50 percent of maltodextrin. The production technology comprises the steps of removing impurities, spreading out, deactivating of enzymes, laying out and airing, juicing processing, collecting tea infusion juiced by leaves after deactivation of enzymes, mixing tea infusion, rough filtering, purifying, concentrating, being added with maltodextrin in formula ratio, stirred to be fully dissolved, dried and processed for packaging. The fresh-tea solid beverage of green tea and the production method directly take tea leaves after deactivation of enzymes as raw material, which simplifies production technology of tea beverage and shortens production flow, effectively reduces energy and cost, improves economy benefit and saves effective components contained in tea leaves such as tea polyphenol and amino acid at uttermost. The invention has multiple functions of health care such as antioxidation, and is unique in flavor, fresh and cool in taste and fragrant in sense.


In the study, Polytirmehtylene Terephthalate(PTT) is synthesized by means of the transesterification and polycondensation using dimethyl terephthalate(DMT) and 1,3-propanedio(PDO)as material. The analysis of transesterification kinetics shows that the transesterification obeys a second-order reaction kinetics model when the transform ratio is under 95%. Using traditional catalyst system, the experiment results show that when the proportion of n(PDO)/n(DMT) is 2.2/1, the dosage of (AcO)_2Zn between 400~600 μg, reaction temperature at 220 ℃,the transesterification is faster while when the dosage of Sb_2O_3 about 500 μg, reaction temperature at 265 ℃, under high vacuum, the molecular mass of PTT is much better.


Publications on anatomy in medical education appear to be largely anecdotal. To explore this, we investigated the literature on anatomy in medical education, aiming first to evaluate the contribution of the literature on anatomy in medical education to "best evidence medical education" (BEME) and second to evaluate the development of this literature toward more "best evidence" between 1985 and 2009. Four databases were searched for publications on anatomy in medical education published between 1985 and 2009, resulting in 525 references. Hundred publications were characterized by five variables (journal category, paper subject, paper category, author perspective, and paper perspective). Statements from these publications were characterized by two variables (category and foundation). The publications contained 797 statements that involved the words "anatomy," "anatomical," or "anatomist." Forty‐five percent of the publications contained no explicit research question. Forty percent of the statements made were about "teaching methods" and 17% about "teaching content," 8% referred to "practical value," and 10% to "side effects" of anatomy education. Ten percent of the statements were "positional," five percent "traditional," four percent "self‐evident," and two percent referred to "quality of care." Fifty‐six percent of the statements had no foundation, 17% were founded on empirical data, and 27% by references. These results substantiated the critical comments about the anecdotal nature of the literature. However, it is encouraging to see that between 1985 and 2009 the number of publications is rising that these publications increasingly focus on teaching methods and that an academic writing style is developing. This suggests a growing body of empirical literature about anatomy education. Anat Sci Educ 4: 105–114, 2011. © 2011 American Association of Anatomists


Cold stress at seedling stage is a serious concern to the sustainable rice production in some regions of the world. A field experiment was carried out to investigate the physiological parameters of seedlings of selected five rice cultivars, namely Binadhan-6, BR-26, BRRI dhan28, BRRI dhan29, and BRRI dhan50 (Banglamoti) for cold survival mechanism during low temperature in the Northwest Bangladesh. The field experiment was arranged following Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The physiological parameters such as leaf proline, chlorophyll, total carotenoid content, relative water content (RWC) and starch were determined. In this study, the rice cultivars showed significant variation of physiological activities at low temperature. BRRI dhan28 synthesized the highest amount of proline (1.25 mg g-1), chlorophyll-a (2.63 mg g-1), chlorophyll-b (0.85 mg g-1), relative water content (93.33%) and starch (28.21%) content. Significant variability was observed among the cultivars during the experiment time for their survivability. The sequence of survival potentiality was observed as BRRI dhan28> BRRI dhan29> BR-26> BINA dhan-6> BRRI dhan50. The present finding infers that BRRI dhan28 showed the best survival potentiality based on the synthesis of proline, chlorophyll and other physiological parameters.


The Izu Peninsula, central Japan, is situated in a zone where the active intra-oceanic Izu-Bonin arc has been colliding with the Honshu arc for the past 15 million years. As a result of this arc-arc collision, parts of the Izu-Bonin upper crustal sequences have been accreted and uplifted to form the Izu Peninsula, exposing seafloor volcaniclastic deposits, associated lava flows, and coeval intrusive bodies. Parts of this sequence, the Yugashima Group, have been subjected to extensive hydrothermal alteration, and these altered rocks have previously been interpreted as representative of hypothetical widespread Middle Miocene basement that presumably underlay northern Izu-Bonin arc volcanoes. New zircon U-Pb ages presented here, however, show that both fresh and altered volcanic sequences exposed in Izu Peninsula are broadly contemporaneous and were products of the same Late Miocene to Pleistocene magmatism. Geochemical characteristics of these sequences show them to have formed in the Izu-Bonin rear-arc environment, providing an unusual opportunity to investigate in detail the growth and architecture of a rear-arc region in an active intra-oceanic arc. Moreover, zircon ages from altered basal units of Kozushima and Niijima, Quaternary volcanic islands in the northern Izu-Bonin rear-arc, show that these islands rest on units only slightly older ( < 1 Ma) than the main body of these subaerial edifices, not, as previously believed, part of a regional older Miocene basement, suggesting the near-continuum growth of these arc volcanoes and their underlying successions. The newly obtained ages and reinterpretation of the geochemical characteristic of the volcanic rocks revealed the nature of the key on the tectonic interpretation of the Quaternary volcanism in the


N an article published in I955,1 Professor Bernard Knox suggests that the design of The Tempest is founded on certain of the stock patterns of Greek and Latin New Comedy. He says: "Below the strange and brilliant surface composed of medieval magic and Renaissance travel-tales, the initial situation, the nature and relationships of most of the characters, the development of the action, and its final solution are all conjugations of the basic paradigms of classical comedy." Mr. Knox argues forcefully, but one or two of his assumptions about the tradition of classical comedy are open to question, and he tends, I believe, to oversimplify the situations of Shakespeare's play. Mr. Knox's suggestion seems essentially sound. His insights certainly establish a relationship between The Tempest and New Comedy. He aptly points out, for example, that a phrase which R. A. Brower uses in The Fields of Light to describe one component of The Tempest, the "slavery-freedom continuity", applies to New Comedy as well as to Shakespeare. Brower's point is that in The Tempest nearly every nominally free character is in some sense enslaved for a time whereas the real slave, Caliban, fancies himself free. In New Comedy one also finds slaves acting as if they were free and free men temporarily enslaved. And, as The Tempest ends with a restoration of all men to their proper natures (on a complex level), so are the slaves and masters of an ancient comedy returned finally to their right spheres. Mr. Knox points out that the relationship of Prospero and Ariel is reminiscent of that of master and intriguing slave in Plautus and Terence. Ariel's first speech to Prospero is "comparable to many a hyperbolic declaration of availability made by Roman comic slaves." And it is also true, as Mr. Knox makes clear, that Caliban and Gripus, a slave in Plautus' play, the Rudens, share several characteristics, chiefly sullenness and dissatisfaction. Mr. Knox does not mention some other elements which the Rudens and The Tempest have in common. For example, each play contains a figure with supernatural powers. With an eye to restoring the proper order of things, the magician Prospero (by means of Ariel) and the god Arcturus each raises a storm at sea, providentially sending certain shipwrecked victims to their punishment or release from bondage. There is also a parallel between the settings of the two plays. A rural scene is definitely unusual in New Comedy (one exception is the Dyskolos of Menander), and an enchanted island is a new arena for Shakespeare's action. It is true that in The Winter's Tale Shakespeare uses a remote setting, the seacoast of Bohemia, on which to pre-


Financial support: None. Conflicts of interest: No conflicts of interest declared concerning the publication of this article. Submitted: November 25, 2017. Accepted: July 13, 2018. The study was carried out at School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto and Division of Head and Neck Surgery, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil abstract Introduction: Head and neck cancer presents a high rate of recurrence and mortality, considering the sites affected. The use of primary culture allows pre-clinical trials that would not be possible in humans or would require a long time until the initial tests were approved. Objective: To establish primary culture of carcinomas and the disease-free surgical margin of individuals affected by neck cancer. Methods: Fragments of 6 cases of oral cavity carcinoma and 2 cases of non-malignant tissue (surgical margin) of patients with oral cancer were collected immediately after surgical resection. These specimens were packed in complete DMEM (Dulbecco Modified Eagle's Medium, SIGMA) supplemented with 10% inactivated Bovine Fetal Serum (BFSi) and 5% antibiotic / antimycotic and kept on ice for transportation to the Molecular Marker Laboratory And Cancer Cell Signaling in FCFRP-USP. Processing was carried out in a biosafety booth in a cell culture room, 2 hours after collection maximum. All specimens collected were advanced tumors of the oral cavity. Results: From the 6 cases collected and kept in culture, only 2 presented uncontrollable bacterial contamination and were discarded. Two other cases released fibroblasts in the first 3 to 5 days and the observation of neoplastic cells (keratinocytes) was only possible after seven to ten days. Both cell types exhibited monolayer expansion. Conclusion: The use of explants to establish the initial stages of primary culture of head and neck cancer is a viable and easily reproducible alternative. The effective success rate is achieved in 20-30% of the cases and the control of the contamination presents itself as one of the biggest obstacles to be surpassed in the initial stages of cultivation.


Many applications, such as computer-aided design and game rendering, need to reproduce realistic material appearance in complex light environment and different visual conditions. The authenticity of the three-dimensional object or the scene is heavily depended on the representation and rendering of textures, where the Bidirectional Texture Function (BTF) is one of the most widely-used texture models. In this paper, we proposed a neural network to learn the representation of the BTF data for predicting new texture images under novel conditions. The proposed method was tested on a public BTF dataset and was shown to produce satisfactory synthetic results. c © 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) eer-revie under responsibility of the scientific co mittee of the 2018 International Conference on Identification, Information and Knowledge in th Internet of Things.


glucotoxicity will do well theoretically with basal insulin replacement and a prandial regulator. We can all define other patterns of causation in which such an intervention is bound to fail and a similar argument can be constructed for a whole range of combinations of insulin and oral agents. One further thought: unlike pancreatic secretion, injected insulin goes predominantly to peripheral tissues and not in physiological concentrations to the liver. This may well have subtle but important implications for risk of hypoglycaemia or in the context of lipid metabolism. There is, therefore, a good theoretical basis to try to inhibit insulin resistance or to excite pancreatic secretion even after insulin inadequacy makes direct supplementation inescapable. There is, however, another possibility well worth testing. It is possible that removing glucose toxicity to the beta-cell at a very early stage may preserve and prolong residual insulin secretion. Early insulin may be best. The dread of the needle has a major role here. I would guess that, if we do get a rugged and safe preparation of insulin for inhalation, all might change in this regard. In the meantime, I commend to you Anthony Dixon's review of the present state of the 'evidence' for combination therapy in type 2 diabetes.


Hospitalization in childhood represents facing the strangeness and the absence of the inner world, a rupture in any children's daily activities. In order to understand the importance of the built environment in the humanization of pediatric procedures, we decided to analyze the perception of these patients over this kind of space through the use of a tool named 'Wish Poem'. The results showed the need for elements that refer to identity and territoritorial notions in architectural design. The conclusion is that architecture should contribute to everybody's welfare, self-respect, dignity and comfort during illness. The challenge is to propose pediatric atmospheres as places that reflect meanings that estimulate the same habits in daily life.


In order to reduce NOx and the ignition loss generated by the pulverized coal combustion, the secondary gas fuel injection method is investigated at the pulveried coal combustion test facility (standard load: 6.54×105kcal/h). The secondary gas fuel injection method is to inject the gas fuel (H2, CH4, C3H8) in the flame for the NOx reduction.In the case of using CH4 or C3H8 as a secondary fuel, the NOx concentration is reduced for both combustion conditions of non-two stage combustion and stage combustion. But, H2 doesn't have any effect for NOx reduction.For CH4 or C3H8 injection, the NOx reduction effect is different for the location of the injection point. At the case of non-two stage combustion condition, the better injection location for Nox reduction is distant from the burner and C3H8 is more effective at many points for injection than CH4. On the contrary, at the case of two stage combustion the location near the burner is suitable for NOx reduction in both CH4 and C3H8 injection.


This paper had as main objectives in the aquifer locate in Corpoica Tibaitatá zone, in order to define the toxicologic risk zones, from the toxicological characterization and the hazard aquifer identification present in the study area; develop the local hydrogeological model supported by the ModelMuse tool of MODFLOW® to identify the mobility of agrochemicals used in the sector; and formulate environmental management measures for the pollutants evaluated, in order to prevent adverse effects on the health and the local aquifer. The results allowed us to identify the potential mobility of the active ingredient, which belongs to each insecticide Epingle®, Roxion® and Furadan® towards the northwest and north sectors, as allowed by the La Sabana de Bogotá aquifer configuration, consisting mainly of the Sabana formation and classified as a Pleistocene quaternary. With the model, areas of potential recharge, which have two types of flux distribution, the first one in north direction where converges in the Funza northwest limit and the second one in the direction of east-northwest and east-southwest, whit that, the mobility of pollutants was evaluate. The understanding of the toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic factors of the aforementioned insecticides, allowed determining preventive strategies, in order to generate good agricultural practices avoiding the use of high toxicity agrochemicals and mitigate adverse effects on the settler's health who are supplied by artisan wells present in the study area.


The answer to the question posed in the recent editorial (Pediatrics, 23:253, 1959), "Can the New Pediatrics Be Practiced?" may be conveniently divided into three parts:
 1) What is the job of the pediatrician?
 2) Do present training programs in pediatrics prepare their graduates for the "new pediatrics?"
 3) Can the "new pediatrics" be practiced under the present set-up of medical economics?
 What is the job of the pediatrician? Names compartmentalize our thinking processes and terms sometimes restrict our ability to think. Thus the term specialist, which now lumps the pediatricians, internist, general surgeon, cardiovascular surgeon, ophthalmologist, psychiatrist, etc., etc. into one big compartment, should be limited to those physicians who specialize in treating a part of the patient, on the whole patient for a very limited period of time or when he has a particular illness.


The structure of decagonal Al–Ni–Co, superstructure type I (the so-called Edagawa phase), was refined in physical space. A statistical approach was used to calculate the structure factors based on a rhombic Penrose tiling, with tile edge length 12.1 Å, as reference frame. A total number of 691 parameters was refined against 6843 structure amplitudes, merged in Laue group 10/m.


The Caja Municipal de Ahorro y Credito Arequipa (presented as Caja Arequipa
onwards) is the leader in the microfinance system of Peru, has presence in almost all the
country´s regions and has reached, at December 2018, 4,699 million soles in placements,
among other achievements in more than 30 years in the sector, this situation requires a
permanent review of their strategies and processes. That is the reason for this document to
propose a strategic plan, in a five years horizon, in order to consolidate this leadership. This
proposal has determined a new vision and mission, also stablished to adjust the values, while
maintaining the code of ethics that was strengthened by the Corporate Governance
Committee of the organization.
Then, the external analysis concluded that the greater access to technology and the
high concentration of microenterprises are among the main opportunities, its use should allow
the strengthening of products for small and micro enterprises, main tools of economic success
and social inclusion. In the internal analysis, Caja Arequipa is in a slightly stronger position
due to the management staff with know-how of the financial sector, the relationship with
clients and the growth in market share; however must still improve in their processes,
conditions to grant credits, and other aspects. With these two analyzes, nine strategies were
determined to fulfill the vision based on five long-term objectives for the year 2023: obtain a
15% market share in microfinance, lead in the experience of customer service in the
microfinance sector, maintain an arrearage rate below the system average, reach 70% of the
portfolio of the MYPE segment and obtain a ROE of 25%. Finally, it was established twelve
short-term objectives, their resources and key indicators to periodically measure the results.


Denosumab is an antiresorptive drug that blocks osteoclast maturation, function and survival, improving bone mineral density and reducing the probability of fracture. It has adverse effects and can be the cause of hypocalcemia and osteonecrosis of the jaw. This report describes the case of a 59-year-old woman with hypothyroidism, antecedents of breast cancer, two strokes, and severe bone osteoporosis. Extraction of tooth 3.6 was performed, and within a month she was administered with a denosumab injection. One month later maxillary osteonecrosis appeared in the lingual distal area of the extraction site. Four months later the case was resolved by means of non-surgical treatment.


. Arthropods serve as complex linkages between plants and higher-level predators in Arctic ecosystems and provide key ecosystem services such as pollination and nutrient cycling. Arctic plant communities are changing as tall woody shrubs expand onto tundra, but potential effects on arthropod abundance and food web structure remain unclear. Changes in vegetation structure can alter the physical habitat, thermal environment, and food available to arthropods, thereby having the potential to induce cascading effects throughout the ecosystem. We evaluated relationships between the abundance, biomass, and community composition of arthropods and the cover of several shrub taxa across tundra – shrub gradi-ents in northwestern Alaska. While previous research had found a general positive association between arthropod biomass and shrub cover, we found heterogeneity in this relationship with fi ner-scale examina-tion of (1) shrub taxa, (2) arthropod taxa, and (3) arthropod guilds. Abundance and biomass of arthropods showed strong, positive associations with the amount of cover of willow ( Salix spp.) but were not signi fi cantly in fl uenced by shrub birch ( Betula spp.) or ericaceous (Ericaceae) vegetation. Signi fi cant shifts in arthropod community composition were also associated with willows. Among trophic groups of arthropods, herbivores and pollinators were most positively associated with willow cover. Due to geographical variation in both dominant shrub taxa and their rates of expansion, effects on arthropod communities are likely to be heterogeneous across the Arctic. Taken together, our results suggest that shrub expansion could increase food availability for higher-level insectivores and shift Arctic food web structure.


An adhoc network is a group of mobile nodes that communicates through a wireless medium over another node. It is remained supremacy over the years since there is no demand for the establishment of infrastructure. Since it is an infrastructure-less network there exists many attacks like DoS, DDoS, sybil, man in the middle, black hole, gray hole, flooding, wormhole, jamming, security issues, threats, and vulnerabilities. To shield the network against those loopholes is a challenging task. Contribution towards these gap decreases to a certain extent, provides a way to an intelligent attacker to bypass the security and targets the system with the shrewd mind to execute the attack. Many techniques like intrusion detection system, trust models, game theory, cryptographic were proposed to identify, defend, mitigate but they were not effective still now. The attacker moves in a much smarter way and prevails the entire security system. This paper presents a review on existing mechanisms that has been adopted for misbehavior attacks as a summary.


The utility model relates to a high neck flange formed steel like Chinese character 'chang' used as a tank mouth material in chemical reaction devices, pickling devices, and pressure vessels such as glass-lined steel open and close reaction tanks, glass-lined steel storage tanks, glass-lined steel heat exchangers, etc. Also the utility model can be used for petrochemical industry, medicine, metallurgy, agricultural chemical, colorant, rubber, food, etc., adopts ordinary carbon constructional steel for processing and forming by hot rolling, and the high neck flange formed steel like the Chinese character 'chang' whose manufacturing technology is simple, is composed of a neck, the upper part of the neck edge, the thick part of the neck, and the lower part of the neck. After rolling, a steel user of vertical stripe type can weld according to the size of the tank mouth diameter, and then can mould by a small amount of cutting processing; the mechanical processing can save a great amount of metallic materials, and the usage rate of the steel is high.


A gradation correction circuit comprises: an arithmetic means (101~104, 106, 108~110) for operating an output value corresponding to each broken point of a broken line in a vertical blanking period; a level detection circuit 107 for identifying a size relation between each broken line point which is an input value corresponding to each broken point and an input video signal, and calculating a difference between the input video signal and each broken line point; and a correction means (101~102, 104, 107, 109~111) for selecting a gradient of the broken line on the basis of the result identified by the level detection circuit 107, and performing gradation correction of the input video signal on the basis of the selected gradient of the broken line, the output value calculated by the arithmetic means, and the difference calculated by the level detection circuit, wherein the arithmetic means and the correction means share a number of circuits (102, 109, 110). Therefore, there is provided a gradation correction circuit where video correction with high precision can be realized without using a memory storing a lookup table, or without increasing a circuit scale.


A real-time application is assumed to be constructed from transactions manipulating a set of structured data. The performance measure for real-time systems is not given by the mean transaction duration but by the number of transactions that meet their deadline. Consequently, performance modelling must include the transaction response time distribution. A few application domains are considered and some of their characteristics are discussed. Analysable database schedulers are proposed. The analysis techniques are discussed and recent results are presented.


We previously reported purification, characterization, and cDNA cloning of a onion (Allium cepa L.) trypsin inhibitor (OTI). To investigate its inhibitory mechanism, we have developed bacterial expression system of recombinant OTI. Among three different bacterial strains examined, Rosetta-gami B strain, which has mutations in genes for thioredoxin reductase and glutathione reductase, showed a prominent result in the functional expression of recombinant OTI. Using this bacterial strain with expression plasmid for thioredoxin (TrxA)-OTI fusion protein, the recombinant protein in soluble form was yielded up to 10 mg per 100-ml bacterial culture. This recombinant OTI showed trypsin inhibition to a similar extent as inhibitor purified from onion tissue. Utilizing present expression system, several mutant proteins of OTI can be produced in order to elucidate its inhibitory mechanism.