The settlement of this research conclude that; the Resolution of Constitutional Council Number 69/PUU-XIII/2015 with regard to nuptial agreements is contradictory to the purpose of the publicity principle. Ratio legis of The authorization related to the publicity of notaries is also contradictory to the obligations of notaries to maintain the confidentiality  of  the  content  of  a  deed  and  the  professional  oath  of  notaries  as regulated  in  Article  16  paragraph  (1)  letter  f  of  the  Amendment  to  UUJN,  in conjunction with Article 4 paragraph (2) of UUJN. The existence of the Letter from the Director General of the Demography and Civil Registry as well as circular letter of the Directorate General of Islamic community guidance (Ditjen Bimasislam) on the registration of Reporting Nuptial Agreements; such letter does not follow up in relation to the resolutions of the Constitutional Council. However, the endeavour made to interpret the resolutions of the Constitutional Council by the Director General of Demography and Civil Registry is inconsistent with the resolution already mentioned by the  Constitutional  Council  (MK).  In  its  first  point  it  is  stated  that  a  nuptial agreement can be made drawn up in a notarized deed, on the other hand, the Constitutional Council, in its resolution, only mentions that a nuptial agreement may be drawn up in writing, which means that it may be executed by the parties only or be drawn up as a notarized deed.


By careful acidification of the aqueous solution of trans-K2[OsO2(OH)4] in the presence of the required amount of cyanide ions with oxalic acid, malonic acid or oxamide the osmyl complexes trans-[OsO2(CN)2(ox)]2- (1), trans-[OsO2(CN)2(mal)]2- (2) und trans-[OsO2(CN)2(N2H2C2O2)]2- (3) are formed. The IR and Raman spectra of the (n-Bu4N) and (Et4N) salts of 1, 2 und 3 were measured at room temperature. Based on the molecular parameters of the X-ray determination of related complexes normal coordinate analyses have been performed and the vibrations were assigned. The valence force constants are fd(C≡N ) = 16.95, fd(Os=O) = 6.68 - 6.70, fd(Os-O) = 2.55 - 2.60, fd(Os-C) = 2.55 and fd(Os-N) = 2.30 mdyn/Å. For the chelate ligands, fd(C =0) ranges from 11.03 - 11.15, fd(C-O/N) from 4.86 - 5.05 and fd(C-C) from 4.07 - 4.70 mdyn/Å.


For centuries it has been known that excised pieces of corneas have a considerable hydration or swelling capacity. During recent years several papers have been published on the hydration of the cornea, and among them contributions from Swedish workers. It is difficult to procure any large numbers of fresh and normal human corneas, whereas it is fairly easy to get corneas from beef cattle, pigs, etc. and from the most frequently used experimental animals. I suppose this is the reason why corneas from oxen or rabbits were used in most of the previous studies. For another purpose I received a great number of monkey corneas from the State Serum Institute in Copenhagen. These corneas are much more like human corneas than those from oxen and rabbits. Curiously enough, the swelling of the monkey cornea was far less pronounced than the swelling observed in oxcorneas, and consequently it might be interesting to examine this difference more closely. I t is peculiar how few species of animals have been used in experiments concerning the hydration of the cornea. Table I presents a survey of previous investigations and shows at the same time that most of the papers previously published are based upon studies of only one single animal species. A more comprehensive review of the literature will be omitted here. Detailed references are given, i.a., by Graubert (1948), Duke-Elder & Perkins ( 1960) and Hedbys (1963).


External shocks, mainly adverse terms of trade movements and slower world trade growth, in 1974-78 contributed to the slowdown in growth experienced by low- and middle-income oil-importing African countries. But other internal shocks also contributed, as did structural constraints and weak economic management. Moreover, several countries experienced favorable terms of trade movements during that period, and aid generally increased. The experience of four countries -- Kenya, Tanzania, Senegal, and Sudan -- illustrates some aspects of managing adjustments to external shocks: successful short-term demand management did not necessarily lead to increased production; over-ambitious investment programs were defended at the expense of ongoing operations; foreign exchange was misallocated; and agricultural exports were neglected.


ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of wilting times and application of an enzymatic-bacterial inoculant on the fermentative profile and nutritional characteristics of BRS capiacu grass silage in a semi-arid region. Four wilting times treatments (control, 6, 24, and 30 h), with or without the addition of an enzymatic-bacterial inoculant, were analyzed as a split-plot completely randomized design with eight replications. Parameters of the rumen degradability test were analyzed using a split-plot completely randomized block [...]


PurposeCreating visibility in the supply chain (SC) helps in making it resilient. Integrating the SC with Industry 4.0 key enabling technologies creates visibility and sustainability in SCs. It also fosters intelligent decision-making, thereby making a SC smart. However, how Industry 4.0 technologies affect key performance indicators (KPIs) of a resilient SC and may help achieve sustainability is rarely studied.Design/methodology/approachSixteen KPIs were identified from the literature review and analyzed using fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) using expert opinions. Further, a sensitivity analysis was conducted for the KPIs by varying the weightage of the criteria. Later, KPIs results were analyzed, and (1) how and which Industry 4.0 technology helps improve the KPI? (2) Resilience relationship with sustainability? were discussed.FindingsThe analyses show that the time-oriented (TO) is an essential criterion and organizational (OR) is the less important comparatively. Lead time, time to market and risk assessment frequency are the top KPIs that need a focus. Blockchain, Big Data and Cyber-physical systems enhance KPI's value and, in turn, foster economic, environmental and social sustainability of the SC and help in better decision making in terms of smart contracts, better forecasting and enhanced real-time information sharing.Originality/valueIdentification of the KPIs, the impact of Industry 4.0 technologies and the impact on sustainability; this kind of interplay is rarely evident in the literature. Understanding the findings of this research will help managers develop smart systems that may work intelligently to overcome risks associated and enhance sustainability. Academicians can use the findings and conduct future research that can overcome the limitations of this research.


Air cooler is one of the effective processes to save water and eneryy and reduce emissions.But it has not been widely applied in cooling of oil products and chemical liquids in petroleum,petrochemical and chemical industy due to the larger temperature differences of cold end of air cooler,inability of ail or chemical product end temperature to meet the process requirement,small total heat transter coefficient and difficulty to be installed in the unit.A finned tube helical heat exchanger and its application in air cooling operation were successful developmented.Two new types of air cooling equipments were introduced.


Competitive adsorption between species of the same backbone chemistry and chain length, but differing in their end groups, has been studied employing the model system of fluorescein dianion terminated PEO (F-PEO) and the corresponding native PEO [poly(ethylene oxide)] onto negatively charged silica glass. Here, one end of each F-PEO chain is electrostatically repelled from the surface. Kinetic and equilibrium measurements in gentle shearing flow were accomplished with a combination of total internal reflectance fluorescence and optical reflectivity. Pure samples of F-PEO and native PEO exhibited identical transport-limited adsorption kinetics and high-affinity isotherms, but remarkable differences became apparent during competitive adsorption from mixtures of the two. The surface selectivity, which favored adsorption of native PEO, was screened as the ionic strength was increased. The selectivity was also reduced for chains of high molecular weight, though the molecular weight effect was not as intense as...


Oil palm ( Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) has benefited little from molecular marker technologies although the long generation time and the unpredictable variations due to allogamy make it a high priority for improving breeding efficiency. Progress would require an efficient, low cost and high-throughput deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) extraction method adapted for oil palm. A method for genomic DNA extraction from oil palm leaves that is simple and cost-effective was developed without the use of liquid nitrogen. A 260/280 ratios between 1.987 and 2.078 were obtained. Furthermore, we could demonstrate that nucleic acid concentration and yield were inversely proportional to the pH and ionic strength of the solvent. The measured values varied significantly between 572 ng/µl and 496 ng/µl. DNA extracted with this method is stable and can be reproducibly amplified by PCR.


The distribution of lectin in various tissues of Phaseolus vulgaris L. (var. red) has been investigated with the use of a sensitive solid phase enzyme immunoassay. Plants were divided into roots, stems and leaves with a further dissection of the stem into internodes. Isolated tissues, from plants 3-10 weeks old, were screened for their lectin content, and the development of the lectin over this period determined. Stems and roots contained significant amounts of lectin, whereas the leaves only exhibited very low levels. Furthermore, a pronounced and differential increase in the biosynthesis of the lectin was observed in stem sections between 6 and 10 weeks, where the third internode displayed the highest lectin level.


Regional surveys of the small cladoceran Bosmina longirostris reveal a com? plex morphological pattern. Body size and shape vary greatly, with the most pronounced differences found in the posterior mucrones and anterior antennules. Some lakes have short-featured clones, most have intermediates, while a few have very long-featured clones. Neighboring lakes of similar morphometry can have short- or long-featured clones. Possible explanations for the geographic patterns include: (1) initial colonization events, (2) com? petitive release following colonization, (3) hybridization between formerly isolated breeding stocks, and (4) natural selection from resident predators, particularly omnivorous copepods. Field translocation experiments demonstrated the importance of Epischura predation in determining the success of long-featured clones. Prey risk was both size- and shape- dependent, with fitness determined largely through the differential survivorship of early instars. Increased fitness associated with longer features was evident at several levels: (1) during clonal recruitment from resting eggs, (2) in the success of translocated stocks, and (3) as developmental responses within exposed prey populations. In long-term exposures to Epischura, feature lengths of short-featured stocks increased by several standard deviations. Mucro length showed the greatest response, although an- tennule lengths and egg lengths also showed significant increases. During the Epischura lacustris-Bosmina longirostris interaction, responses were clearly the joint effect of two separate phenomena: selective responses (due to differential mortality) and chemical in- duction (developmental plasticity). Mucro and antennule responses were accompanied by significant declines in coefficients of variation.


Clare Cooper, ICT co-ordinator at Osbaston Infants School, Monmouth, Monmouthshire, provides insipring ideas of how to bring spirituality into the classroom and encourage children to think deeply.


Market Structure and Economic Behaviour.- Heterogeneous Beliefs Under Different Market Architectures.- The Allocative Effectiveness of Market Protocols Under Intelligent Trading.- Strategic Behaviour in Continuous Double Auction.- Market Efficiency and the Role of Speculation.- A Broad-Spectrum Computational Approach for Market Efficiency.- The Dynamics of Quote Prices in an Artificial Financial Market with Learning Effects.- Reduction of the Bullwhip Effect in Supply Chains Through Speculation.- Firm-Consumer Dynamics.- Co-evolutionary Market Dynamics in a Peaked Resource Space.- E-Consumers' Search and Emerging Structure of Web-Sites Coalitions.- Agent Based Modeling of Trust Between Firms in Markets.- Investigations into Schumpeterian Economic Behaviour Using Swarm.- Social Interaction - Network Effects.- The Wisdom of Networked Evolving Agents.- Artificial Multi-Agent Stock Markets: Simple Strategies, Complex Outcomes.- Market Polarization in Presence of Individual Choice Volatility.- Is Ignoring Public Information Best Policy? Reinforcement Learning in Information Cascade.- Social Interaction - Connectivity.- Complex Behaviours in Binary Choice Model with Global or Local Social Influence.- Dynamics of a Public Investment Game: from Nearest-Neighbor Lattices to Small-World Networks.- Social Norms, Cognitive Dissonance and Broadcasting: How to Influence Economic Agents.- Methodological Issues and Their Application.- Confronting Agent-Based Models with Data: Methodological Issues and Open Problems.- Equilibrium Return and Agents' Survival in a Multiperiod Asset Market: Analytic Support of a Simulation Model.- Explaining the Statistical Features of the Spanish Stock Market from the Bottom-Up.


Discloses a method of addressing a print job to be printed to a virtual identity management. The virtual printing associated with a first user identity, and is not tied to a specific user equipment, and the identity of the virtual printing should have at least one parameter regarding the print job in the print where.


A shaft fixing clip that is fitted into a groove of a shaft, the shaft fixing clip includes: a shaft clamping portion that is formed by a metal wire member; and a pinch portion that is monolithically formed with the shaft clamping portion, wherein: the metal wire member is bent into an 8-like shape; both end portions of the metal wire member are crossed in an end portion of one of loops to respectively protrude toward both sides; tip ends of the both end portions are bent; the loop that is positioned on a side of the both end portions is configured as the shaft clamping portion; and bent portions of the tip ends of the both end portions are configured as the pinch portion.


In this paper, we propose a new and simple method for filling complex holes in surfaces. To fill a hole, locally uniform points are added to the hole by creating contour curves inside the boundary edges of the hole. A set of contour curves is created by shortening the flow of the boundary edges of the hole. The Delaunay triangulation method in a local area is applied for creating new meshes. The direction of the shortening flow is changed to satisfy the convergence of the curve shortening flow. It enables the filling of a complex hole, such as a hole with an island and a hole with highly curved boundary edges. In addition, the method can be used to fill a hole by preserving the sharp features of the model.


Electromigration (EM) is a key limiting factor for designing lateral power devices. The metal interconnect for power devices features multiple fingers with strapped metal layers to carry large current, which leads to unique EM behaviors. In this paper, we present a new EM methodology for power device interconnects to account for these effects. The new model features circuit performance based failure criteria and allows more EM current limit for power devices with multiple fingers than the conventional rule. This provides relaxed EM rules for more efficient power device design.


Continuing improvements in pediatric cancer care suggest the need to change attitudes about the psychological consequences of cancer and its treatment. Older textbooks once spoke of life spans of a few weeks to six months for the acute leukemias; emotional support under such circumstances was in essence terminal care. Now, by contrast, we are optimistic respecting many or most pediatric cancers. Have our expectations for their psychological consequences adjusted accordingly? Here the evidence seems to suggest that the oncologist and the psychiatrist may be at inappropriately polar extremes. On the one hand, the oncologist is likely to focus on the positive, noting that most patients surmount the challenge of pediatric cancer successfully. Furthermore, "looking for psychological trouble" may be seen as an unjustifiable burden on a patient and family already facing a life-threatening condition. By contrast, the mental health expert may emphasize psychopathology in the assumption that a diagnosis of cancer is more likely than not to be emotionally challenging if not disastrous. In such an instance, not to investigate psychological responses to cancer may be viewed as unwarranted denial. Patients and families are likely to agree with the oncologist that avoiding negative feelings is advisable, and indeed it is now well established that "letting it all hang out" is generally not as helpful in most cases as salutary suppression. Nevertheless, patients and families learn to read the cues of professional caretakers who are responsible for success in life-threatening situations. It is easiest for the pediatrician to encourage suppression, and many studies have found that adolescent patients and their parents leave appointments with questions unasked, issues unexplored. More studies of how youths do cope with pediatric cancer and its emotional consequences are in order. The problem arises when one attempts to ask about potential consequences. If the emphasis of the treatment team is on the positive—as it certainly needs to be— patients are likely to feel that they should respond to questions positively. If, by contrast, caregivers expect to uncover psychopathology, they often can. Instead, the emphasis needs to be on coping skills and likely areas where patients may need more support. Most teenagers, physically healthy or not, surmount adolescence with less difficulty than is often anticipated; the common assumption that adolescence is a time of sturm und drang—storm and stress—is not supported by observation of the majority of adolescents. This is apparently true for cancer patients as well. An intriguing view is that surviving cancer can even create "psychosocial thriving"1 Perhaps survival leads to feelings of invulnerability—where ordinary rules do not apply, and the patient is an "exception" However, the assumption that survivors of pediatric cancer are exempt even from the ordinary vicissitudes of adolescent psychosocial development seems inherently doubtful. The current report by Gerhardt2 is useful because its patients were all older adolescents from one geographical region, exposed to comparable treatments by a single group of pediatric oncologists. They were compared to an admirably-matched control group. Patients and controls completed well-replicated paper-and-pencil instruments, presumably responding favorably to the anonymity and objectivity of such tests. At the same time, Gerhardt notes that the study population excluded those with central nervous system tumors, thus lacking the neuropsychological effects of brain trauma and treatment. Youths in special education were also excluded; both these exclusions may have resulted in more positive outcomes. The patients generally received extra attention and support in school. How much attention was required we do not know; objective data from schools or employers were not provided. The effect of observable physical lesions or consequences was not examined. Only one point in time was viewed in a situation which inevitably evolves over time. Finally, open-ended interviews were not undertaken, so exploration of more complicated feelings and thoughts was not encouraged. Given all these caveats, it is nonetheless notable that a See related article on page 448.


In ITS (Intelligent Transportation System), automatic drive is a popular topic. This paper describes an algorithm using the predictive eontrol theory based on a vebide systematic dydd model described in [l]. Under our simulation environment, one automatie car NDS on the virtusl roads. The car can change its velodty and other parametem to saw the need of sale automatic drive in time afforcUng to the circums- of the fore road. The simulating results at the end of the paper show that this algorithm is suitable and the status of the moving car is accepted.


Redaelli 6 × 36 type independent steel core marine rope,the code is Red1,the diameter is 40 ~ 140 mm,has 65 specifications,and use tensile strength to assign grade for wire rope. Research shows: use broken force calculation formula of normal diameter wire rope,the wire rope broken force coefficient decrease obviously with the increase of rope diameter,rope broken force is not proportional to the square of rope diameter; rope broken force exists fitting mathematical relationship with rope diameter,broken force can be fitted into quadratic function or cubic function of the rope diameter,and the error value of obtained broken force according to the fitted relationship is smaller when using cubic function pattern; rope broken force is equal to the product of coefficient and square of rope diameter,and choose cubic function as the fitted relationship,broken force coefficient decrease with the rope diameter increase,obvious liner relationship exists between them,and in accordance with the rope broken force calculation formula provided by BS 302 / P7 ― 1989,ISO 8369 ― 1986 and EN 12385-4: 2002.


This study was focused on the oxidation of organic matter in phosphoric acid 54% by ozone. In order to understand the mechanisms involved in this process, the identification of this matter upstream and downstream of the ozonation was necessary. For the identification, after an extraction by a mixture (dichloro-methanol), the organic phase was divided into two parts: the residue and the extract:-The residue was studied by infrared spectroscopy Fourier Transform (IR-TF). It contains Kérogène which is a mixture of saturated hydrocarbons with high molecular weights. The absorption bands of the FT-IR showed that the residue contains also quantities of amino that correspond to the remains of dinoflagellate cysts, which are abundant in sediments.-The extract has been the subject of a detailed study by, chromatography on silica column, IR-TF spectroscopy and CG-SM. The passage of this extract on a silica column yielded two fractions (saturated fraction and polar fraction). Both of these fractions were analyzed by CG-SM. The yield of the reduction of the organic matter content in the phosphoric acid 54% could not exceed 29%. Therefore, we can conclude that the reduction in the rate of organic matter remains limited by the fact that some compounds are inert towards ozone.


This research aim to know the influence of compensation and work discipline on employee performance on Inspired27 Store Malang. This analysis have been done with simultan test that is F Test and Parsial Test that is T Test. There are three variables which is used to measure that analysis among others compensation, work discipline and employee performance. This research done to 37 employees in shopkeeper and warehouse. Based on the 3 variables used in the study of 37 employees using F test shows the compensation and work dicipline affect the employee's perfomance, while T test shows that the most influental compensation on employee performance.


The first practical uses of polytetrafluoroethylene in medicine date back to 1972, when Soyer et al.1 introduced a new biocompatible polymer designed to serve as the next generation of vascular graft technology. Since then, the long-term safety and efficacy of the substance have been well documented, and the use of polytetrafluoroethylene grafts has extended to the realm of facial plastic surgery, with promising results. Currently, two formulations of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene are typically used in facial reconstruction today. Pure e-polytetrafluoroethylene is an expanded, strongly hydrophobic, fibrillated polymer that can be produced in sheets, three-dimensional strands, and suture material. It is composed of nodules of polytetrafluoroethylene interconnected through a fibrous mesh network, creating a three-dimensionally amorphous structure.2 Fluorinated e-polytetrafluoroethylene is based on the standard architecture of e-polytetrafluoroethylene with the addition of reinforcing fluorinated ethylene propylene bonds.3 This allows for sturdier sheets of e-polytetrafluoroethylene and the ability to create threedimensional shapes, which are useful for facial soft-tissue suspension, augmentation, and correction of contour deformities. Traditionally, an alloplastic implant is deemed "biocompatible" if it invokes a typical foreign-body reaction that concludes in the formation of a thin, avascular, fibrous capsule.4 Nearly all configurations of e-polytetrafluoroethylene that are manufactured have shown excellent biocompatibility with a low incidence of infection, extrusion, or foreign-body reaction. In addition, the porous microgeometry plays an important role in tissue ingrowth characteristics and cellular adhesion, which are critical in preventing migration of the implant.5 However, this property must be balanced with easy removal of the implant in the event of complications. Currently, e-polytetrafluoroethylene has 85 percent porosity, with a pore size ranging from 0.5 to 30 m.6 Newer formulations with pore sizes up to 100 m are slowly emerging.7 This porosity allows for adequate tissue fixation without compromising the ability to easily remove the implant when necessary. Current uses of e-polytetrafluoroethylene include cosmetic lip augmentation, facial contouring, reanimation procedures for facial paralysis, malarplasty, mentoplasty, rhinoplasty, and filling of soft-tissue defects. The Food and Drug Administration has approved most uses of e-polytetrafluoroethylene in facial plastic surgery, and new applications are constantly on the horizon. However, the use of Proplast (a polytetrafluoroethylene-based material) in temporomandibular joint surgery has been abandoned secondary to destruction of the substance under high shearing forces encountered within the joint.8 This has resulted in a significant inflammatory response and joint destruction. Other complications related to the use of e-polytetrafluoroethylene have also been documented.9 In a 3-year retrospective review, Sherris and Larrabee6 examined 41 patients who underwent e-polytetrafluoroethylene softtissue patch augmentation of the lower face. Up to 4 years after the procedure, four patients


Several dyes containing the azomethine moiety have been synthesized and evaluated as photoinitiators for free radical polymerization induced with the argon-ion or He−Ne lasers. Two methods of dye modification are applied in the study. The first method is a change in the type of the substituent in the pyrazolone skeleton:  methyl group (a weak electron donor) and ester group (an electron acceptor). The replacement of the substituent causes a significant red shift in the electronic absorption spectra but does not affect photoinitiation ability. Elimination or limitation of the rotation of the phenyl group (PBAD-1 and PBAD-2) causes an additional red shift and a change of the shape of the electronic absorption curve. The coplanarization of the azomethine part (ChAD) shifts to the red an absorption maximum of about 200 nm and also decreases the molar absorption coefficient. A change in the dye structure caused by the opening of the pyrazolone skeleton causes a blue shift in the absorption spectra but does not...


A fundamental problem of graph databases is subgraph isomorphism query (a.k.a subgraph query): given a query graph Q and a graph database, it retrieves the graphs Gs from the database that contain Q. Due to the cost of managing massive data coupled with the computational hardness of subgraph isomorphism testing, outsourcing the computations to a third-party provider is an appealing alternative. However, confidentiality has been a critical attribute of quality of service (QoS) in query services. To the best of our knowledge, subgraph query services with tunable preservation of privacy of structural information have never been addressed. In this paper, we present the first work on structure-preserving subIso (SPsubIso). A crucial step of our work is to transform subIso-the seminal subgraph isomorphism algorithm (the Ullmann's algorithm)-into a series of matrix operations. We propose a novel cyclic group based encryption (CGBE) method for private matrix operations. We propose a protocol that involves the query client and static indexes to optimize SPsubIso. We prove that the structural information of both Q and G are preserved under CGBE and analyze the privacy preservation in the presence of the optimizations. Our extensive experiments on both real and synthetic datasets verify that SPsubIso is efficient and the optimizations are effective.


A blocking set S in a projective plane w is a subset of the points of 7T such that every line of ir contains at least one point of 5 and at least one point which is not in S. Denoting the number of points in S by \S\ our main result, obtained by purely combinatorial means, is the following: If ir is finite of square order, say m then | S| ^ m 2 + m + 1 and if | S\ = ra+m + l then the points of S are the points of a subplane of ir of order m (a Baer subplane). In this connection we first of all prove the following


Introduction. The purpose of this article is to verify the assertion of most foreign modern authors that the introduction of ESG principles leads to improved competitiveness of modern corporations. The analysis is based on the most relevant theories of competitiveness in terms of intangible factors of competition. In order to test the hypothesis of the impact of ESG principles on competitiveness, the authors have analysed the correlation between companies' revenues and their S&P Global ESG score. The analysis was based on 87 ESG-leaders operating in different industries. Materials and methods. The analysis is based on the theories of competitiveness set out in the works of P. Sraffa and M. Porter. Results of the research. As the potential of tangible factors of competition is next to exhausted, the focus is shifting to intangible factors, i.e. to meeting specific consumers' demands, taking into account social and environmental factors in the process of production. In accordance with current trends, satisfying these needs is achieved by implementing ESG principles. However, it remains an open question whether this enhances the competitiveness of the company. According to the results of the study, implementing ESG principles in the activities of companies is not a guarantee of increasing the competitiveness of the company. Discussion. Despite the results obtained, the authors argue that companies should not abandon the implementation of ESG principles. Companies may receive some benefits by luring investors who adhere to the principles of responsible investing, or by being listed on stock exchanges that require ESG disclosures, which allows companies to demonstrate to stakeholders their commitment to ESG or simply to be listed on some stock exchanges. Implementing ESG factors and initiatives does not in itself lead to an increase in a company's competitiveness. However, non-participation in this process in today's environment puts the company at risk of underinvestment and lower consumer demand.


The aim of the investigation was to study how speech signals are influenced by the angle of incidence of the sound towards the head, i.e. azimuth. The study was made by means of an artificial head with condenser microphones at the site of the eardrums. Speech signals were recorded via these microphones and were then subjected to spectrographic analysis. PB lists of Swedish monosyllables were also recorded via the head and their intelligibility was investigated. It was shown that azimuth has a substantial influence on speech signals. The intelligibility for binaural listening is significantly better than for monaural listening at all azimuths tested. The information reaching the ear turned towards the sound source is markedly better than at the ear turned away from the sound source.


From the current development of Guangxi Beibu Gulf Economic Zone, to be a new one pole in economic growth area needs to display own superiority fully,which needs to make best use of the advantage to achieve with the policy as an intermediary.As an effective policy means of changing area advantage into the developing advantage, the policy innovation can break the difficulties in the development of Guangxi Beibu Gulf Economic Zone.Promoting the regional competitiveness needs to develop the policy innovation resources, establishes the policy innovation mechanism, grasps the freedom degree for policy innovation, attains the development goal by using a variety of innovative forces.


A set of two coupled nonlinear Schr\"odinger equations is systematically analyzed by means of Lie group technique. The physical situations under consideration include nonlinear propagation in strongly birefringent and multimode optical fibers. The most general Lie group of point symmetries, its Lie algebra, and a group of adjoint representations that correspond to the Lie algebra are identified. As a result, a complete list of group-invariant exact solutions is obtained and compared with earlier results. The corresponding laws of conservation are derived employing Noether's theorem.


Cancers are among the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in the world. The National Cancer Screening Program is carried out in Turkey since 2008. However, studies show that participation rates in the screening program are not sufficient. This study aims to determine the variables that affect the awareness of individuals about the tests within the scope of the National Cancer Screening Program and their status of having these tests. In the cross-sectional study, 449 people were administered a face-to-face questionnaire. The rates of having breast, cervical and colorectal cancer screening tests were quite low compared to the rates of having heard of these tests. The most important reasons for non-participation in all three screening programs were identified as lack of knowledge. Eliminating the lack of information in the society through healthcare personnel, media and other health literacy activities and replacing erroneous information with correct information are recommended as studies to increase participation in screening tests.


When there is no obstruction in the urinary out-flow tract, the third phase of the renogram indicates the rate at which the 131I Hippuran is removed by the kidneys. Retention of Hippuran in the pelvis and ureteric peristalsis do not affect the third phase in normal cases. The shape of the third phase depends on the shape of the input of Hippuran and the spectrum of transit times through the kidneys (Britton and Brown 1971).


In the U.S. there are 830 railroads comprised of more than 130,000 miles of track with more than 200,000 railroad crossings. Approximately 46% of these crossing points are passive, meaning they don't have any active warning/control system or gates. Every year within the last decade, more than 400 rail-related fatalities occur, in which grade crossing accidents make up the majority. The lack of unsignalized intersections, active signage, and sustainable power at rural railway intersections (to warn vehicles to slow down before a train approaches) is the major cause of these crashes. The goal of this project is to develop and implement a novel low cost, low power rural railway intersection detection and warning system for monitoring railway traffic and increase motorist safety by activating warning signs to alert of danger ahead (i.e., when the train is approaching the intersection). The type of sensor that is proposed in the detection module is a multiple pixel passive infrared sensor due to the low cost, low power consumption, large field of view and ability to collect a wide range of data. The warning module will be responsible for alerting motorist that a train is approaching the intersection when a signal is received from the detection module. The warning module will be attached on the railroad crossing sign infrastructure. Both the detection and warning module will be powered by solar energy since the system will not have access to the power grid. The detection module will be designed to be an offrailway detection system that could be quickly and easily installed on pre-existing infrastructure with little to no specialized training.


Queue processors are a novel alternative of superscalar processors designed for the execution of highly parallel programs. The queue processor uses a first-in-first-out data structure for expression evaluation, therefore the instruction set has no register references. This research presents a new queue compiler, named QRP-GCC for a Parallel Queue Processor enhanced with a set of random access registers. QRP-GCC uses GCC infrastructure for queue program generation. GCC compiler was developed for conventional register architectures, the intermediate representation has register references and the expression evaluation is done through a depthfirst pre-order traversal over the abstract syntax trees (ASTs). The queue compiler requires to make expression evaluation and code generation using breadth-first traversal over the ASTs. We also propose a new algorithm to extract maximum parallelism within basic blocks by merging expression ASTs. The QRP-GCC compiler has been successfully completed. Static evaluation of the QRP-GCC compiler is made in terms of parallelism, program size, and execution time.


Abstract A full thermal study of the antiferroelectric liquid crystal (R)-1-methylheptyl 4′-(4″-decyloxybenzoyloxy)- biphenyl-4-carboxylate (MHDOBBC) has been carried out by high resolution ac calorimetry, DSC and the analysis of the implemented and denoted "thermistor The". method melting and the freezing transitions of Sc*A have been studied using the latter method, with regard to pre-transitional effects, conversion rates, metastability and latent heat ratio. A new monotropic phase has been detected following investigations by ac calorimetry, X-rays, dielectric measurements and optical observation and its possible identity is discussed. The SA-SC* transition is well described by the extended Landau model and a comparative analysis is performed with the related compounds MHPOBC and MHPOCBC. No clear evidence of phase restructuring appears in ac calorimetry and DSC measurements, except for an anomaly close to the Sc*γ-Sc*A transition.


Housing projects in Colombia mostly consist in multiple-family (apartment) or single-family (house) housing. The former restricts the possibility of spatial expansion and its built-up area is usually smaller than that of their former type of house (informal). In the case of single-family housing (houses), expansions made by the owner — which are proportional to the economic resources that are available to him (progressive housing) — are assumed not to adhere to the plans and instructions of the basic unit constructor under the provisions of seismic regulations. This paper proposes an implosive, single-family social interest housing model that delivers a fully closed, double height structure with the minimum room facilities. Progressive development consists in the staircase structure and mezzanine in a lightweight and low cost material in order to facilitate and speed up the construction process, significantly decreasing the house's risk of collapse in the event of a natural event. It also offers the advantage of extending the useful area of the house.


Soluble tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) receptors contain two receptors: soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor (sTNFR) 1 and 2, and the aim of our study was to discover their concentration and diagnostic value for idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN). In total, 58 patients with IMN, 51 patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), and 30 healthy volunteers were enrolled in this study. Levels of serum sTNFR1 and sTNFR2 were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Serum cystatin C (CysC), urea, creatinine (CREA), uric acid (UA), total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), and 24-h urinary protein (proteinuria, PRO) were examined by automatic biochemical analyzer. Levels of sTNFR1 and sTNFR2 were significantly higher in IMN group than CKD and control group (P < 0.05). In IMN group, there were significant correlation between sTNFR1 and sTNFR2 (P < 0.01). Both sTNFR1 and sTNFR2 were positively related to serum urea, CREA, CysC, UA, 24-h PRO (P < 0.05) and negatively related to ALB (P < 0.01). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of sTNFR1 and sTNFR2 were 0.997 and 0.993, respectively, when control was healthy volunteers. When sTNFR1 cut-off was 959.15 pg/mL, the sensitivity and specificity were 96.6% and 100%, respectively. When sTNFR2 cut-off was 2449.43 pg/mL, the sensitivity and specificity were 93.1% and 100%, respectively. While the control was CKD group, AUC of sTNFR1 and sTNFR2 were 0.647 and 0.626, respectively. When sTNFR1 cut-off was 3356.57 pg/mL, the sensitivity and specificity were 72.4% and 60.8%, respectively. When sTNFR2 cut-off was 6497.34 pg/mL, the sensitivity and specificity were 72.4% and 58.8%, respectively. This is the first study to show that both levels of sTNFR1 and sTNFR2 increased and correlated with serum urea, CREA, CysC, UA, ALB, 24-h PRO and could be usable for IMN diagnosis and differential diagnosis between IMN and CKD.


DURING THE past decade, and especiallyduring the past two years, startling and amazing progress has been made in the field of mental retardation. Seeing how far the field has come from the outmoded concepts of segregation and control of the mentally retarded, we can indeed be proud. But pride should not blind us to the needs yet to be met, the facts yet to be discovered, the personnel yet to be recruited and trained, and the plans yet to be formulated and carried out. There is every indication that in the years ahead advances will be made in the field of human relations that will be equal to, though perhaps less dramatic than, the advances we can anticipate in the field of astrophysics. The nation stands today on the threshold of an enlightened humanitarianism. Not for some time has the social climate been so favorable for the reinforcement of democratic values, for the realization of personal dignity and integrity, for the conservation of human resources, and for the full acceptance of the retarded as members of society. Whether these goals will be fulfilled depends on the extent to which all the nation's resources can be mobilized: the excellence and dedication of its leadership; the financial and staff resources we are willing to commit to the battle and the efficiency with which they are deployed; the convictions and cooperation of the professional community; and-perhaps most important of all-the understanding, acceptance, and support of the general public. The tremendous contribution of President Kennedy in placing the problem of mental retardation in the public spotlight and in launching measures for its resolution is a significant milestone. The stimulus from the federal legislationenacted last year should do much to promote biomedical, behavioral, and social research; to expand services and facilities; and to enlarge the manpower pool. Also significant are the potentials in this program for preventing mental retardation. The movement to cope with the problem of mental retardation was not sidetracked by the death of John F. Kennedy. President Johnson has expressed his firm intent to continue working for advances in this field, and legislationis now pending that willstrengthen and expand vocational rehabilitation services. The dimensions of the national program have, in fact, been broadened by the national attack on poverty, which will be directed against many of the adverse environmental conditions that are so highly correlated with mental retardation.


Authors introduce a series of tests of impact compaction, and create the equipment model that impact technology can be used in large bound and continuous compaction machine. There are a lot of model compare tests and get a good result.


Experiments were conducted in a detachable vacuum chamber for Cu vacuum arc with arc current in the range of 19-24A. Experimental results indicated that the gap distance had distinct influence on the characteristics of the random walk of cathode spot at least for the gap distance adopted, i.e., d=4.8mm, and d=6.8mm. It was found that the increase of gap distance could lead to larger diffusion parameter. Based on the dynamic of fragments constituting cathode spot, it was qualitatively analyzed and proposed that with longer gap distance, the average separation between fragments would increase. It would result in the increase of the mean step length of cathode spot, and to the decrease of mean step time, which would lead to larger diffusion parameter as observed.


Rationale: Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is a vasoactive enzyme involved in regulation of vascular tone and blood pressure by reducing angiotensin II and increasing ang(1-7). It is also implicated in the pathogenesis of coronaviruses including SARS-CoV-2. Epidemiological reports differ in implicating cigarette smoking as a risk factor for SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19). Previous studies have been conflicting regarding the implications of cigarette smoke exposure on ACE2 signaling. We hypothesized that cigarette smoke exposure will increase ACE2 expression and impair endothelial cell function. Methods: Female 8-week-old A/J mice were randomly assigned to either air exposure or 48 minutes per day, 5 days per week of cigarette smoke exposure. Mainstream whole-body cigarette smoke exposure was delivered by the SCIREQ "InExpose" smoking system with standard 3R4F research cigarettes. Mouse were sacrificed at 1 and 12 weeks of smoke exposure, and lungs were homogenized and subjected to ACE2 ELISA (Abcam). To investigate the effect of smoking on ACE2 expression and endothelial barrier function, serum starved human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMVECs) were exposed to cigarette smoke extract (CSE). CSE was prepared at a concentration of 1 cigarette/5 ml in serumfree DMEM and quiescent PMVECs were treated with 1% CSE, 3% CSE or vehicle. Cells were processed for real-time RT-PCR and ELISA 4 hours later, assessment of apoptosis, or underwent TEER to assess endothelial cell barrier function. Results: Lung tissue ACE2 levels were significantly elevated following 1-week of cigarette smoke-exposure. This increase was accompanied by increased macrophage count in bronchoalveolar lavage. Interestingly, at 12-weeks of cigarette smoke-exposure, lung ACE2 was reduced by 15% response. Chronic cigarette smoke-exposure was accompanied by increased right ventricular systolic pressure and Fulton index. In PMVEC models, CSE dose-dependently increased ACE2 mRNA and protein expression. This was accompanied by altered EC barrier function and EC apoptosis. Conclusions: The dose and duration of cigarette smoke exposure affects ACE2 signaling, leading to altered apoptosis and endothelial cell barrier function. These findings have implications for SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis as well as for furthering our understanding of the effects of smoking on vascular health.


The effects of sodium nitropprusside(SNP),an exogenous nitric oxide donor,at the concentration of 0.05 mmol/L,0.10 mmol/L and 0.80 mmol/L on the oxidative damage in tomato(Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) seedling leaves under 100 mmol/L NaCl stress were studied.The results showed that after the treatment of NaCl stress for 8 h and 24 h.SNP at the concentration of 0.05 mmol/ L and 0.10 mmol/L significantly increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes(including SOD,POD,CAT and APX) and the contents of proline and soluble sugar in leaves,while significantly decreased malondialdehyde(MDA) content and active oxygen(O_2·~-) producing rate in leaves.SNP concentration of 0.10 mmol/L was better than that of 0.05 mmol/L in the alleviation of NaCl stress.However,SNP concentration of 0.80 mmol/L had no significant effects.The above results indicated that effect of exogenous nitric oxide donor(SNP) existed in a dose-dependent manner in the alleviation of NaCl stress,and the effect of 0.10 mmol/L SNP was the best of all SNP concentrations in elevating the leaf antioxidation ability of tomato seedlings.


HE Fifth World Health Assembly, meeting in Geneva in May T1I952, approved a program of activities for the World Health Organization (WHO) for I953 which includes a comprehensive range of projects for the countries of Southern Asia and the Western Pacific. Their cost will be approximately US$9oo,ooo out of a total working budget for the Organization of about 9V2 million dollars.' In terms of the population of Asia (excluding the Soviet Union and continental China) and the countries of the Western Pacific, the field budget for these areas represents a per capita expenditure of about one-seventh of a cent for the year. Expressed in these terms, the program seems hopelessly inadequate-or might it be that this method of measuring the work of WHO is wrong? To answer this question, it is necessary to know how WHO goes about its work in relation to the problems confronting it in these two regions. The scientific activities of WHO fall within two major categoriescentral technical services and advisory services to governments. The former include the collection and dissemination of intelligence regarding epidemic diseases and the standardization of biological products, such as insulin, the hormones, the vitamins, vaccines and sera. These activities entail the pooling of knowledge and experience obtained from various countries, which are then available on an equal basis to all countries through WHO publications. The advisory services to governments are specific services provided in response to requests for assistance. The latest knowledge and skills needed for the solution of particular health problems or for general strengthening and improvement of local health or medical services can be placed at the disposal of governments. The advisory services are provided through the regional staffs of the Organization. Unlike the United Nations and the other Specialized Agencies, WHO now operates through six regional offices in


In the present paper we determine the composition of dense beryllium, boron and carbon plasma by solving the Saha equations with corrections due to non‐ideality. The lowering of the ionization potentials is calculated on the basis of effective potentials by taking into account screening and quantum diffraction effects. The considered range of density and temperature covers plasmas with a very low degree of ionization up to full ionization with ions having the maximum ionization state. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


AbstractThis paper presents a design methodology for constructing Tainter gate models using finite-element software. Each step of the model's construction is given a detailed description and is supplemented with multiple illustrations that show good modeling techniques and pitfalls to avoid. Recommendations on how to attach various structural elements to each other, what boundary conditions to use, and verifying the accuracy of the model through hand methods have been provided.


Right ventricular (RV) failure is the ultimate cause of death in patients with severe pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) (1, 2). RV dysfunction has long been ascribed primarily to an increase in the RV afterload, and treatments to diminish pulmonary vascular resistance were therefore considered key to improving RV function. However, progressive RV dysfunction despite improvements in pulmonary hemodynamics was reported recently in some patients (3). Moreover, differences in the severity of RV dysfunction have been demonstrated across patients with similar pulmonary hemodynamics (2, 4). For instance, among patients with similar hemodynamics, those with idiopathic PAH usually have better RV function than those with systemic sclerosis, and the prognosis also differs between these two PAH etiologies (1, 4). Thus, differences in the modalities of RV adaptation to pressure overload across PAH types may influence the prognosis. An improved understanding of these modalities would appear to be crucial to prevent loss of RV adaptation leading to RV failure. In this issue of the Journal, Pena and colleagues (pp. 615–625) provide insight into RV adaptation modalities by investigating the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway during SU5416/hypoxia-induced PAH in rats (5). This study builds on a growing body of literature concerning the role of mTOR in experimental and human PAH. An important finding reported previously by this group (6, 7) and others (8–10) is that mTOR activation is involved in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell proliferation and pulmonary vessel remodeling. In the current study, mTOR signaling, particularly from mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1), was associated with RV dysfunction in SU5416/hypoxic rats, and treatment with the dual mTORC1/mTORC2 inhibitor PP242 improved pulmonary hemodynamics, RV function, and RV structure. The authors concluded that the improvement in RV function resulted in part from direct cardiac mTORC1 inhibition by the drug. This finding suggests that mTOR activation might constitute a shared, targetable cellular process underlying both pulmonary vascular remodeling and RV dysfunction in patients with PAH. This attractive possibility is worth discussing in the light of the results reported by Pena and colleagues. The mechanisms by which mTOR activation could directly alter both the pulmonary arterial tree and RV function deserve discussion. The fact that mTOR activation stimulates vascular cell proliferation during PAH development is consistent with the role of mTOR in protein synthesis, cell growth, and cell survival (Figure 1). The effects of mTOR on cardiac dysfunction, however, are more complex. Thus, mTOR contributes to both embryonic cardiac development and cardiac adaptation to pressure overload with the development of compensatory myocardial hypertrophy, in keeping with the ability of mTOR to increase the synthesis of proteins, including those needed to build striated muscle (Figure 1). However, studies also suggest that prolonged mTOR activation (e.g., as induced genetically in mice) may promote abnormal cardiac hypertrophy with fibrosis, enlargement, and impaired contractility together with increased cellular apoptosis, autophagy, and mitochondrial dysfunction (11, 12). In line with these effects of prolonged mTOR activation is recent evidence that mTOR activation is also involved in cellular senescence (13). In addition, mTOR inhibition by rapamycin was shown to improve cardiac function in mice with decompensated cardiac hypertrophy (11, 14, 15). Thus, the suggestion by Pena and colleagues that mTOR inhibition may improve RV function agrees with the concept that mTOR activation may play a key role in abnormal cardiac hypertrophy (Figure 1). A limitation of this study is the issue of whether the model used by Pena and colleagues is suitable for investigating RV dysfunction. Translating data from experimental PAH models into human applications is difficult given the differences in disease progression and cardiac consequences, which unfold over years in humans and weeks in murine models. Another limitation is that PAH is usually far less severe in murine models than in patients with severe PAH and RV pressure overload. To overcome this limitation, Pena and colleagues studied rats exposed to SU5416 and hypoxia, a combination that induced higher pulmonary artery pressure levels than were observed in rats or mice subjected to hypoxia alone or in transgenic mouse models. The SU5416/hypoxia combination induced some degree of RV dysfunction measurable by echocardiography. The ability of Pena and colleagues to separate a specific effect of the TOR inhibitor on RV function from secondary changes in RV function due to protection against PAH may be in question. PP242 treatment reduced pulmonary vascular remodeling, as was also shown previously with rapamycin, and therefore diminished the RV afterload. Separating this secondary cardiac effect of the drug from a potential primary effect on the heart is not possible using this model. Studies in models such as pulmonary artery banding, designed to specifically assess the effects of mTOR on RV function at different stages of the RV adaptation process, would be useful to clarify this point. Therefore, further studies are needed to determine whether mTOR inhibition directly protects RV function during PAH progression. Inhibition of mTOR as a treatment for PAH could target both mTORC1 and mTORC2 or preferentially mTORC1. Pena and colleagues consider various patterns of mTORC1 and mTORC2 activation in the pulmonary vasculature and right ventricle of rats with SU5416/hypoxia-induced PAH. It is now well established that activation of both mTORC1 and mTORC2 in remodeled pulmonary vessels contributes to vascular cell proliferation in various types of experimental and human PAH (7, 8). In contrast, whether predominant mTORC1 activation in the right ventricle underlies RV dysfunction is still under study. Deregulation of cardiac mTORC1 activation may be a pathophysiological mediator of cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction in different types of left-sided cardiomyopathy (11). On the other


This paper reports a new shape-memory-alloy (SMA) micro-positioning stage. The device has been monolithically micro-machined with a single fabrication step. The design comprises a moving stage that is manipulated by six SMA planar springs actuators to generate movements with three degrees of freedom. The overall design is square in shape and has dimensions of 12 mm × 12 mm × 0.25 mm. Localized thermomechanical training for shape setting of SMA planar springs was performed using electrical current induced heating at restrained condition to individually train each of the six actuators to memorize a predetermined shape. For actuation, each SMA actuator is individually driven using Joule heating induced by an electrical current. The current flow is controlled by an external pulse-width modulation signal. The thermal response and heat distribution were simulated and experimentally verified using infrared imaging. The micro-positioning results indicated maximum stage movements of 1.2 and 1.6 mm along the x- and y-directions, respectively. Rotational movements were also demonstrated with a total range of 20°. The developed micro-positioning device has been successfully used to move a small object for microscopic scanning applications.


In contrast to steam generator tube degradation problems that have been widel y encountered worldwide, steam generators of the Siemens/KWU design have prove n by operating experience that they are very efficient in minimizing tube corrosion or any other SG related problems . The paper will substantiate thi s statement by addressing the performance characteristics of nearly 20 years o f operation experience . Emphasis is put on evaluations comparing the heat transfer capacity of Incoloy 800 with that of Inconel 690 TT . Various tube suppor t designs are discussed with respect to hide-out behaviour . Recent evaluations confirm the superiority of grid type tube support designs compared to tub e support plates . Anti vibration bars acc . to Siemens/KWU design allow proper support even of the innermost U-tubes, by which excessive vibration induce d tube failures due to fatigue are ruled-out .


Three new sesquiterpenes, isozedoarondiol (8), methylzedoarondiol (9) and neocurdione (10), were isolated along with germacrone (1), curdione (2), (4S, 5S) -germacrone 4, 5-epoxide (3), dehydrocurdione (4), procurcumenol (5), zedoarondiol (6) and curcumenone (7) from Curcuma aromatica SALISB. The absolute configuration of 6 was determined by X-ray analysis and chemical correlation with 3. The structures of 8, 9 and 10 were also determined.


In this paper we investigate the functional equation n i=1 �iA(�ix) = 0 which holds for all x 2 R with an unknown additive function A : R ! R and fixed real parametersi, �i, where i = 1,...,n. The case n = 2 is discussed by Z. Dar´ (1). Here we formulate sufficient conditions for the existence of nontrivial solutions in terms of the parameters � 1


This paper is concerned with supply chain competition and capacity optimization under the assumptions that consumer demands in both online and offline markets are relative to each other.It focuses on "leader-follower"game model under supply chain framework of "one strong traditional manufacturer and one traditional retailer as its follower,one online manufacturer whose status is weaker,and the strong traditional manufacturer competes with the weak online manufacturer in online markets".The paper emphases the strong traditional manufacturer's optimal capacity decision and distribution by numerical analysis.Further it discusses how to deal with stock-out,overcapacity lack of capacity,etc.It could be concluded that:Firstly,if the strong traditional manufacturer improves its brand promotion in online market,the weak online manufacturer could achieve"free ride effect"obviously;Secondly,when the development level of industry electronic commerce is low,some industries with higher market capacity in offline market have superior forces to compete in online market.Thirdly,the more market capacity there is in offline market,the stronger the competitive power is in online market when the development level of industry electronic commerce is high.That is,there is an"positive effect"between market capacity in offline market and competitive power in online market.Fourthly,the bigger online promotion level,the stronger power the weak online manufacturer has to capacity expansion,so that it lightens supply shortage because of stock-out of the strong traditional manufacturer.And if stock-out level is too high,the online markets price will be high,too.Finally,the lack of short capacity will force the strong manufacturer to expand the scale of capacity to lighten its production cost unit,etc.


One of the frustrating things about trying to teach treaty-making as an element of Canadian history is that one's audience, like the country itself, is highly regionalized. On the prairies, students come to the class knowing there are "Numbered Treaties" and resistant to the idea that there are any other treaties, or any other categories of treaties, than those made in their own region. I suspect that students in the Maritimes fixate on eighteenth-century treaties, Quebec students focus on treaties between 1701 and the 1760s, and Ontario students have an unhealthy fascination with treaties of the first half of the nineteenth century. Happiest of all are students in British Columbia, who have been raised to believe that "B.C. doesn't have treaties." The reality is, of course, that the history of Aboriginal-Crown treaty-making in Canada is far richer and more diversified than the treaty history of any one region. There have been four phases of treaty-making: commercial compacts, peace and friendship treaties, territorial treaties, and modern treaties that are either comprehensive claims settlements or separately negotiated agreements of recent decades. Moreover, there is another vast field of treaties between First Nations of which non-Native students and scholars are almost totally ignorant. And, as I will argue later, there is further complexity in the fact that historical writing about treaties and other matters can vary widely from discipline to discipline. It is worth taking a few minutes to explore the richness of this many-splendoured thing—treatymaking in Canada. Commercial compacts, which were once thought to be the vanished artifacts of a bygone era when fur was king, have in fact been with us through Canadian history and are found among us still. It is true that commercial agreements of a unique character did spring from economic ties in the fur trade, beginning as early as the 1670s. Both French and English fur traders understood that their small numbers and lack of expertise made them dependent on First Nations to locate, take, process, and bring to market the furs that the newcomers sought. For example, as early as 1680, Hudson's Bay Company (HBC) officials in London issued orders to their representative in Hudson Bay concerning how he was to conduct his dealings with First Nations who controlled the area in which he hoped


The invention discloses an air-entraining cement column material composition and a preparation method of an air-entraining cement column, wherein the composition comprises the following materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of cement, 10-50 parts of river sand, 10-30 parts of xanthan gum, 1-10 parts of curdlan, 1-10 parts of calcium oxide, 5-30 parts of silicon dioxide and 30-70 parts of water; the cement column is prepared through mold forming after mixing cement, river sand, xanthan gum, curdlan, calcium oxide, silicon dioxide and water according to a certain proportion. According to the air-entraining cement column material composition and the preparation method of the air-entraining cement column, provided by the invention, the cement column prepared through mold forming after mixing the materials according to a certain proportion not only has lower density, but also has higher utilization strength during use.


One of the key principles of state environmental safety is the efficient waste management. A significant factor in the impact on the environment is the presence of hazardous waste in the household materials. There is a tendency to accumulate hazardous waste in containers together with household ones in Ukraine's settlements. Hazardous waste in the composition of household waste is collected separately from other types of household waste; it should be also separated at the stage of collection or sorting and passed by consumers and operators of household waste disposal services to specialized enterprises having licenses for operations in the field of hazardous waste management. This situation is primarily due to the lack of specialized containers for hazardous waste and specialized equipment. Therefore, the purpose of the research is to define technical and operational indicators of specialized vehicles for hazardous substances transportation and to choose the most optimal model. The authors used mathematical and statistical methods in the course of the study. We present the results of investigation of efficiency of operation of the specialized equipment for transportation of hazardous waste in household waste composition. The issue of the efficiency of the operation of specialized equipment for the transportation of hazardous waste in the household waste composition is extremely relevant; hence it is being researched by many scientists. However, the study of the efficiency of modern vehicles operation requires in-depth research and calculations. Consequently, the best indicators of the overall operational and technical characteristics of the vehicles for the transportation of hazardous stuff are as follows: according to the specific weight of specialized vehicle equipment: KRAZ K16.2–0.4 tons; for specific engine power: OT-20 (ISUZU NQR 71P) – 30.7 kW; by the coefficient of compactness: OT-20 (ZIL-433360) – 3.04. The highest annual average productivity for OT-20 (ZIL-433360) is 96780.2 t km/year. By the load capacity (16 tons) and the volume of the container for hazardous waste in the solid household waste (30 m3), a specialized KRAZ K16.2 has the best technical characteristics.


A surfactant-free solvothermal combined with precursor thermal transformation method has been developed for the preparation of α-Fe2O3 hierarchically hollow microspheres assembled with nanosheets. First, a solvothermal treatment is employed to prepare the precursor consisting of hierarchically hollow microspheres assembled with nanosheets using Fe(NO3)3 as the only inorganic reactant without any other additive in mixed solvents of dimethylformamide and ethylene glycol, and α-Fe2O3 hierarchically hollow microspheres assembled with nanosheets are subsequently obtained by thermal treatment of the precursor powder in air at 450 °C for 2 h. The morphology of the precursor can be well preserved during thermal transformation from the precursor to α-Fe2O3 hierarchically hollow microspheres. The samples are characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), nitrogen absorption-desorption isotherm, and thermogravimetric (TG) analysis. The effect of the solvent on the morphology of precursors as well as the formation process of the hierarchically hollow microspheres are investigated. The magnetic properties and photocatalytic activity of α-Fe2O3 hierarchically hollow microspheres assembled with nanosheets are discussed.


Spheroids encapsulated within alginate capsules are emerging as suitable in vitro tools to investigate the impact of mechanical forces on tumor growth since the internal tumor pressure can be retrieved from the deformation of the capsule. Here we focus in particular on the Cellular Capsule Technology (CCT). We show that a modeling approach accounting for the triphasic nature of the spheroid (it consists of extracellular matrix, tumor cells and interstitial fluid) offers a new perspective of analysis revealing that the pressure retrieved experimentally is representative of the average stress state in the multiphase continuum, so it cannot be interpreted as a direct picture of the pressure sustained by the tumor cells. A multiphase reactive poro-mechanical model is cross-validated and proposed here as a suitable digital twin of the CCT experiment. Parameter sensitivity analyses on the digital twin allows us to show that the main parameters determining the encapsulated growth configuration are different from those which drive growth in free condition, confirming that radically different phenomena are at play. Multiphase reactive poro-mechanics emerges here as an exceptional theoretical framework to deeply understand CCT experiments, to confirm their hypotheses or further improve their design.


Background: Despite the development of several relatively safe and effective medications to treat alcohol use disorder (AUD), underutilization of these medications continues to be a challenge. With other factors, judgments about medications' risks and benefits can influence prescribers' practices and patients' acceptance of these medications. Objective: Describe how behavioral economic principles and presentation of risks/benefits of AUD medications can impact these medications' utilization and suggest guidelines for how prescribers should describe these medications to patients. Methods: Literature selected by the authors was used in this commentary and formulation of guidelines. Results: Behavioral economic principles relevant to judging risks and benefits of AUD medications include salience, recency, the halo effect, narrative thinking, avoiding cognitive dissonance, and patients' interoceptive effects. Benefits of reduced alcohol use may be too abstract without elaboration. Medications are more likely to be taken by patients who envision their benefits as salient, prompt, and consistent with other ideas they have about their alcohol use and/or tailored to their psychological state. Explaining risks and benefits using established quantitative and qualitative terms has predictable effects on patients' perceptions. Risk/benefit discussion should be bi-directional between patient and provider, personalized to issues valued by each patient, and tailored to the individual's alcoholinduced state. We propose methods to improve information transfer and reduce biased decision making. Conclusion: Whether and how a risk/benefit discussion of AUD medications is conducted can influence utilization of these medications.


Lattice reduction is a powerful concept for solving diverse problems involving point lattices. Lattice reduction has been successfully utilizing in Number Theory, Linear algebra and Cryptology. Not only the existence of lattice based cryptosystems of hard in nature, but also has vulnerabilities by lattice reduction techniques. In this paper, we show that Wiener's small private exponent attack, when viewed as a heuristic lattice based attack, is extended to attack many instances of RSA when they have the same small private exponent.


Amorphous alloys were formed by room‐temperature 200 keV xenon ion mixing of multilayered films in the Zr‐Nb system that has a positive heat of formation (+6 kJ mol−1) and the ion‐induced amorphization was found to be discontinuous in the composition range. Thermodynamic calculation was conducted and a free‐energy diagram, which concerns free‐energy curves of the amorphous phase and the initial state of the multilayered films with excess interfacial energy, was constructed. An interpretation to the observed discontinuity of amorphization range was presented based on the calculated free‐energy diagram. In addition, two new metastable crystalline phases both of fcc structure with different lattice parameters were formed in the composition range close to pure zirconium and niobium, respectively.


The fundamental set theory (FST) is defined as an axiomatic set theory using nonclassical three-valued logic in the foundation and classical two-valued logic in its applications. In this way the nonclassical logic becomes encapsulated and is only used for resolving inconsistencies such as Russell's paradox.


Algorithmic methods for gene prediction have been developed and successfully applied to many different prokaryotic genome sequences. As the set of genes in a particular genome is not homogeneous with respect to DNA sequence composition features, the GeneMark.hmm program utilizes two Markov models representing distinct classes of protein coding genes denoted "typical" and "atypical". Atypical genes are those whose DNA features deviate significantly from those classified as typical and they represent approximately 10% of any given genome. In addition to the inherent interest of more accurately predicting genes, the atypical status of these genes may also reflect their separate evolutionary ancestry from other genes in that genome. We hypothesize that atypical genes are largely comprised of those genes that have been relatively recently acquired through lateral gene transfer (LGT). If so, what fraction of atypical genes are such bona fide LGTs? We have made atypical gene predictions for all fully completed prokaryotic genomes; we have been able to compare these results to other "surrogate" methods of LGT prediction. Specific Aim 1. Improving accuracy of atypical gene prediction. In the paper published in Bioinformatics entitled "Effects of choice of DNA sequence model structure on gene identification accuracy" (by Rajeev K. Azad and Mark Borodovsky, full citation: Bioinformatics, 2004, Vol. 20, No. 7, pp. 993-1005) we have explored the issue of improving the gene finding accuracy in prokaryotic genomes. Gene finding methods based on Markov models are known to perform consistently well for prokaryotic genomes. GeneMark, a frequently used gene finding algorithm, uses fixed order homogeneous and inhomogeneous Markov models to locate genes in genomic sequences. While for a limited training data set one can select the best performing order of the Markov model, it has been suggested that interpolation methods which combine models of different orders can produce even better accuracy. It is thus desirable to analyze the performance of such methods in the context of gene finding. In this work, we implement several variants of interpolation technique in the Markov model training and present a comparative analysis of results produced by the GeneMark algorithms using interpolated Markov models and fixed order Markov models. For genomes with a midrange GC content, the model built by deleted interpolation slightly outperformed other models under some conditions. For genomes with high or low GC content, we observed that, in several important cases, a fixed order model performs better in detecting the coding potential of a sequence segment as compared to other types of models. In many cases, similar results were observed when accuracy was measured by ability of an algorithm to identify genes in real genomes as compared with annotated genes. In another paper, with the title "GeneMark: web software for gene finding in prokaryotes, eukaryotes and viruses" (by John Besemer and Mark Borodovsky), we describe several versions of GeneMark software, including versions is to derive models and analyze nearly sequenced (but not complete) genomes. Many such "draft" genome sequences are available at the DOE Joint Genome Institute (http://www.jgi.doe.gov/JGI_microbial/ html). Our initial runs have shown a reasonable match between our predictions and those made by other programs currently in use at JGI. Most of the differences are seen in the annotation of translation starts and short genes and also in "atypical genes" which could be laterally transferred genes. Still the previous version of GeneMarkS was successfully used for annotation of many DOE genomes including the Shewanella genome (Daraselia, N. , Dernovoy, D., Tian, Y., Borodovsky, M. , Tatusov, R., and Tatusova, T. "Re-annotation of Shewanella oneidensis genome"; paper submitted to OMICS A Journal of Integrative Biology), though we were not able yet to confidently identify the fraction of predicted atypical genes which are LTGs . This could be done after completion of the second part of the project (specific aim 2) Specific aim 2. Predicting the functions and evolutionary relationships of atypical


Corn Silk (CS), the silky hair-like structures protruding from the tip of the ear of corn, is essentially the elongated stigma of the female flower of corn. Although often discarded as an agricultural waste or by-product of corn cultivation, CS has also been used as traditional remedies in different parts of the world for the treatment of kidney stones, diuretic, prostate disorders, urinary infections and obesity [1,2]. Much research has attributed the bioactivities and health-promoting potential of CS to its phenolic compounds, in particular flavonoids and terpenoids. Various CS-based teas and other commercial products with claimed health-promoting benefits are available in the market [1]. CS contains 9–22% protein content on a dry mass basis, depending on its stage of maturity and corn variety [3,4]. Thus CS may be a promising source of food proteins for the discovery of bioactive peptides.


In the past few years there has been a significant increase in the number of carnelian adornments documented in Late Bronze Age and Iron Age sites of southern Portugal, with more than fifty beads and pendants made from this material being currently known. We present a first synthesis regarding these pieces, which aims to discuss their typology, chronology and distribution, but also their possible origin, which is most likely to be found in the Eastern Mediterranean.


The utility model relates to a whole vehicle integrated control system for the composite power electrical automobile which mainly comprises a multi energy source power assembly control system and a whole vehicle control system assembled by a light current control, strong current management, whole vehicle malfunction protection, whole vehicle ordination, and an apparatus information management in the traditional whole vehicle control, wherein, the multi energy source power assembly mainly controls the power distribution to the engine and the motor. The system possesses the function of the whole vehicle control and the multi energy source power assembly control. Compared with the prior art, the whole vehicle integrated control system for the composite power electrical automobile achieves improved function, greatly reduced volume, improved stability, remarkably improved controllable efficiency and economy.


The reliability of k-out-of-n:G systems subject to common cause failures is analyzed based on Markov process.The Markov models of k-out-of-n:G non-repairable and repairable systems are built when all the components fail simultaneously and when two or more components fail simultaneously.System reliability is analyzed in the situation that some components in the system are not subject to common cause failures.Examples are given to illustrate the advantages of the Markov models.The results show that the Markov models are very convenient and useful.


The changing of national curriculum from KTSP to K13 caused changes the way in assessment, from cognitive that focused in the result became authentic assessment (affective, psychomotor, and cognitive) that focused on process until got the result. But, there are still many obstacles in the implementation of K13. Many teachers have difficulty in understanding this authentic assessment. SABS Elementary School (School of Natural Solo) located at Bengawan Solo riverbank, Gondangsari village, Juwiring, Klaten, Central Java . It has been implementing the authentic assessment and has been using diary book as assessment media. Teachers observe and then record each student activities in a diary to determine student progress in terms of affective, psychomotor and cognitive. But the implementation of diary has not well structured. There is not clear guidelines for writing and there are differences form inter the teacher. Based on these problems, the authors are interested to having research about how the implementation of diary as assessment media of learning in the School of Natural Solo through qualitative research using case studies method. The purpose of this paper is develop writing guidance and the structure of diary book so it can be implemented in elementary schools in Indonesia to demands of authentic assessment in the curriculum 2013.
Field of Research : Authentic Assesment, Natural school of Bengawan Solo, Teacher's diary book


Several families of two-dimensional lattices are discussed for which the critical percolation density (pc) can be calculated exactly. The lattices are obtained by decorating lattices for which the value of the critical density for bond percolation is already known. It is shown that finite decorations of this type do not change the value of a critical exponent. By a sequence of decorations and lattice transformations the authors obtain a set of lattices of increasing coordination number q, and calculate the limit qpc for q to infinity for this family. The value of this limit is close to the numerical estimate of the corresponding critical density for continuum percolation.


Influence of the structural parameters (namely, angle of rise, half structural period, volume fraction of metal inclusion, columns shape factor, thickness) and the dielectric dispersion function on the optical activity of axially excited chiral nano-sculptured copper thin films are investigated for both s and p linearly polarized lights, using Bruggeman homogenization formalism in conjunction with the experimentally available relative dielectric constants for the bulk copper. It is observed that for both s and p polarizations the maximum of optical activity shifts towards longer wavelengths with increasing the half structural period, volume fraction of metal inclusion and the film thickness, while it shifts towards shorter wavelengths with increasing the transverse aspect ratio of the columns. The circular Bragg phenomenon is clearly observed when the angle of rise increased from 20° to 45°. Comparison of spectral results shows that the dispersion of the dielectric function has a considerable effect on the results. PACs: 68.35.bt; 68.37.Ps; 61.46.Hk; 68.35.Ct; 61.46.Df


The impressive growth in international tourism and tourist expenditures during the last two decades compared to world exports has attracted the interest of governments seeking to expand their foreign exchange earnings. This is particularly true for many developing countries with a limited potential for augmenting other exports. As a result, tourist resort complexes financed by public agencies are becoming more frequent; international lending agencies, such as the Inter-American Development Bank and World Bank, have also initiated special tourism lending programs for projects catering to the international tourism market.


Aqueous gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) without surfactant protection undergo irreversible aggregation upon a cryogenic treatment. However, a cryogenic process on aqueous gold nanoparticle solution containing tannic acid did not lead to nanoparticle aggregation. The tannic acid serves as surfactant to prevent aggregation of gold nanoparticles. In contrast, a reduction in the particle size in this solution containing tannic acid was observed upon the cryogenic treatment with good reproducibility and uniformity. D 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.


1. My sources for biography are many. Particularly helpful have been K. J. Kutsch and Leo Riemens, A Concise Biographical Dictionary of Singers, trans. H. E. Jones (Philadelphia: Chilton Book Co., 1969); and Michael Scott, The Record of Singing (Boston: Northeastern University Press, 1993). 2. Renata Scotto and Octavio Roca, Scotto, More Than a Diva (Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1984), p. 86. 3. Paul Jackson, Saturday Afternoons at the Old Met (Portland, Ore.: Amadeus Press, 1992), p. 81. 4. Mary Watkins Cushing, The Rainbow Bridge (New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1954), pp. 196–98. 5. Lanfranco Rasponi, The Last Prima Donnas (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1982), p. 358. 6. LP album note, Rubini gv905, Germaine Martinelli. 7. Jules Massenet, My Recollections (Freeport, N.Y.: Books for Libraries, 1970), pp. 169–70. 8. Quoted in Scott, The Record of Singing, vol. 1, p. 197.


explanted fetal mouse trachea, and, since this hyperpolarization persisted in the presence of bumetanide, the observation provided evidence that edema fluid could stimulate Na absorption. Further support for this interpretation came from studies of lung tissues explanted from fetal mice. It is well established that such explants normally expand into fluid-filled cysts when maintained in primary culture and that this expansion reflects the active secretion of liquid into the explant lumen (2). However, when treated with edema fluid, the explants displayed a net reduction in volume, indicating that the fluid had induced an absorptive phenotype. Perhaps the most surprising outcome of these studies of Rafii and colleagues (13) was that this stimulatory effect of edema fluid was resistant to amiloride, suggesting that it was not dependent on ENaC. Further evidence supporting this conclusion came from the observation that the absorptive effect of edema fluid on fetal distal lung cysts persisted in tissues removed from -ENaC knockout mice. Although -ENaC is clearly important for the clearance of liquid from the neonatal lung (8), these results appear to show that edema fluid can induce an absorptive phenotype independently of this channel subunit. The identity of the cation channel involved in this response was not determined, but cyclic nucleotide-gated cat


Techniques have been developed to mitigate many of the issues associated with underwater imaging in turbid environments. However, as targets get smaller and better camouflaged, new techniques are needed to enhance system sensitivity. Researchers at NAVAIR have been developing several techniques that use RF modulation to suppress background clutter and enhance target detection. One approach in particular uses modulation to encode a pulse in a synchronous line scan configuration. Previous results have shown this technique to be effective at both forward and backscatter suppression. Nearly a perfect analog to modulated pulse radar, this technique can leverage additional signal processing and pulse encoding schemes to further suppress background clutter, pull signals out of noise, and improve image resolution. Additionally, using a software controlled transmitter, we can exploit this flexibility without the need to change out expensive hardware. Various types of encoding schemes were tested and compared. We report on their comparative effectiveness relative to a more conventional non-coded pulse scheme to suppress background clutter and improved target detection.


Five spirocyclic acylphloroglucinol derivatives (1–5) have been isolated from a hexanes extract of the leaves of Hypericum pyramidatum. Pyramidatones A-D (1–3, 5) are new, and chipericumin C (4) has been previously reported. The acylphloroglucinols were characterized based on spectroscopic (NMR, IR, UV-VIS) and mass spectrometric data.


Optical fibers are susceptible to catastrophic damage at relatively low optical powers of less than 1 watt. This threshold, exceeded by several times, and in some instances by a factor of ten in today's amplified wavelength division multiplexed optical communication systems, poses a dormant problem for many optical devices, fiber-connectors and optical fiber links. This paper presents perspectives on this issue based on research performed on the subject.


Annually, more than 16 billion medical needles are consumed worldwide. However, the functions of the medical needle are still limited to cutting and delivering or drawing material through the needle to a target site. Ultrasound combined with hypodermic needle could potentially add value to many medical applications such as pain reduction, adding precision, deflection reduction in tissues and even improve tissue collection. In this study we introduce a waveguide construct enabling an efficient way to convert a longitudinal wave mode to flexural mode and to couple the converted wave mode to a conventional medial needle, while maintaining high electric-to-acoustic power efficiency. The structural optimization of the waveguide was realized in silico using the finite element method followed by prototyping the construct and experimental characterization of the prototypes. The experiments at 30 kHz demonstrate flexural tip displacement up to 200 µ m, at low electrical power consumption (under 5 W), with up to 69% of efficiency. The high electric-to-acoustic efficiency and small size of the transducer would facilitate design of medical needle and biopsy devices, potentially enabling portability, batterization and high patient safety with low electric powers.


Healthy Buildings America: Innovation in a Time of Energy Uncertainty and Climate Adaptation, 19-22 July 2015, University of Colorado, Boulder Colorado, USA. Due to copyright restrictions, the attached PDF file only contains the abstract of the full text item. For access to the full text item, please consult the publisher's website


There has been strong advocate that through effective inter-organizational learning (inter-OL), construction project efficiency and effectiveness can be improved. In this regard, some researchers recommended exploring the possible ways to facilitate interOL. It has been suggested that project team members may have different learning styles that shape how they imbibe knowledge, communicate, solve problems and make decisions. Through understanding the learning styles, members can realize each others' strengths and weaknesses in learning. Thus, appropriate strategies can be adopted for facilitating others' learning. Some researchers have used the Learning Style Questionnaire (LSQ) developed by Honey and Mumford (1982) to measure the learning styles of the individuals. Nevertheless, the reliability of the LSQ in measuring the learning styles of the project team members has yet been examined. This paper reports a study that aims to examine the use of the LSQ in identifying the learning styles of members from two types of firms: the contractor firms and the consultant firms. Data were obtained from a questionnaire survey in Hong Kong and were analyzed by using Cronbach alphas reliability testing, Pearson correlation Analysis and Analysis of Variance. The results suggested that LSQ is reliable in identifying the learning styles of the respondents. Furthermore, the respondents from the consultant firms are found to be flexible in adopting different learning styles to grasp experience and transform it to knowledge. In contrast, respondents from the contractor firms are oriented towards a Reflector learning style when transforming experience to knowledge. This suggests that longer time is needed when actions are required to be taken in response to environmental change.


C. C. Otnes, L. T. Zayer, Preface. Part 1. Feminist Theory and Discourse. C. Coleman, Construction of Consumer Vulnerability by Gender and Ethics of Empowerment. H. Jensen Schau, M. Buchanan-Oliver, The Creation of Inspired Lives: Female Fan Engagement with the Twilight Saga. Part 2. Media, Advertising and Gender. L. Stevens, P. Maclaran, The Carnal Feminine: Consuming Representations of Womanhood in a Contemporary Media Text. L. T. Zayer, C. C. Otnes, Climbing the Ladder or Chasing a Dream? Men's Responses to Idealized Portrayals of Masculinity in Advertising. M. R. Nelson, A. M. Vilela, Is the Selectivity Hypothesis Still Relevant? A Review of Gendered Persuasion and Processing of Advertising Messages. J. Lambiase, T. Reichart, M. Adkins, M. LaTour, Gender and Media Literacy: Women and Men Try on Responses to Objectification in Fashion Advertising. Part 3. Gender, Culture and the Market. G. Coskuner-Balli, B. Ertimur, Viewing Gender as a Value-Creative Resource. H. Woodruffe-Burton, K. Ireland, Lived Consumer Bodies: Narcissism, Bodily Discourse and Women's Pursuit of the Body Beautiful. A. G. Close, Escalated Expectations and Expanded Gender Roles: Females' Gift-Giving Rituals and Resistance for Valentine's Day Events. Part 4. Masculine Discourses. J. Ostberg, Masculinity and Fashion. S. Chen, The Rise of (Soushokukei Danshi) Masculinity and Consumption in Contemporary Japan. N. Ourahmoune, Masculinity, Intimacy and Consumption. R. L. Harrison, J. W. Gentry, S. Commuri, A Grounded Theory of Transition to Involved Parenting: The Role of Household Production and Consumption in the Lives of Single Fathers. Part 5. New Directions. S. Dobscha, A. Prothero, (Re)Igniting Sustainable Consumption and Production Research Through Feminist Connections. A. Gopaldas, E. Fischer, Beyond Gender: Intersectionality, Culture and Consumer Bahavior. J. A. Costa, G. J. Bamossy, Gender Research as the Ingenue of Marketing and Consumer Behavior.


Personal data security is a cybersecurity trend that has captured the world's attention. Governments, practitioners and academics are jointly building personal data security in various communication systems, including IoT. The protocol that is widely used in IoT implementation is MQTT. By default, MQTT does not provide data security features in the form of data encryption. Therefore, this research was carried out on the design of Secure End-to-End Encryption MQTT with Block Cipher-Based Lightweight Cryptography. The protocol is designed by utilizing the Galantucci secret sharing scheme and a lightweight cryptographic algorithm based on a block cipher. The algorithms used include AES-128 GCM mode, GIFT-COFB, Romulus N1, and Tiny JAMBU. We tested the Secure End-to-End for MQTT protocol on the ARM M4 and ESP8266 processors. Our testing results on NodeMCU board, Tiny JAMBU have an average encryption time of 313 and an average decryption time of 327 . AES-128 GCM mode has an average encryption time of 572 and an average decryption time of 584 . GIFT-COFB has an average encryption time of 1094 and an average decryption time of 1110 . Meanwhile, Romulus N1 has an average encryption time of 2157 and an average decryption time of 2180 . On STM32L4 discovery, Tiny JAMBU had average encryption of 82 and an average decryption time of 85 . AES-128 GCM mode has an average encryption time of 163 and an average decryption time of 164 . GIFT-COFB has an average encryption time of 164 and an average decryption time of 165 . Meanwhile, Romulus N1 has an average encryption time of 605 and an average decryption time of 607 . Our experiment shows that the fastest performance is produced by Tiny JAMBU, followed by AES-128 Mode GCM, GIFT-COFB and Romulus N1.


AS A RESULT of the recommendations of the Police Post-War Committee, the Police College was established in 1948, in temporary premises at Ryton-on-Dunsmore near Coventry. Next year it will move to a beautiful and dignified permanent home at Bramshill House near Basingstoke. The objects of the training carried out at the College, as given in the White Paper on Higher Training for the Police Service in England and Wales, are to broaden the outlook, to improve the professional knowledge and to stimulate the energies of men who have reached, or are reaching, the middle and higher ranks of the Service. The original courses were confined to men from the Police Forces of England and Wales: soon, however, they were opened to Police Officers from Colonial and Overseas Territories. Since then, some seven hundred overseas students from all parts of the Commonwealth have passed through the College. Two main courses are held at the College. The Junior Course of six months duration for 180 students consists of Sergeants from the forces at home, who are about to be promoted to the rank of Inspector, together with officers of equivalent rank or experience from overseas. The Senior Course of three months duration for 40 students comprises in the main officers in the rank of Chief Inspector, also with a proportion of overseas students. This course is designed primarily for officers likely to reach the ranks of Superin. tendent and Chief Superintendent. Shorter courses for more senior officers are held from time to time.