Cultivating college students' awareness of the community of the Chinese nation is an important part of current ideological education in colleges and universities. It is the emotional support for deepening college students' national identity and national identity. It is an important cornerstone for maintaining the unity of the motherland, safeguarding national security, and accelerating national development. The core goal of integrating the consciousness of the Chinese nation's community into the curriculum ideology and politics is to enhance the recognition of the Chinese nation's community among college students, cultivate the feelings of the Chinese nation's community among college students, and form a behavioral awareness of participating in the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. To this end, we should integrate the awareness of the community of the Chinese nation into the whole process of curriculum and teaching design; dig deep into the awareness of the community of the Chinese nation contained in the subject knowledge; comprehensively improve the awareness and ability of teachers, and expand the awareness of the community of the Chinese nation into the ideological and political aspects of the curriculum; create a good ideological and political atmosphere for the curriculum, and build a teaching environment that cements the sense of community of the Chinese nation.


Solitary plants of Asplenium platyneuron occur disjunctively on recently produced coal spoils in southern Iowa. They are assumed to have been produced by self-fertilization of isolated gametophytes and therefore highly homozygous. Cultures of isolated and paired gametophytes originating from these solitary sporophytes produced second-generation sporophytes with 89 and 93% success, respectively, indicating a low genetic load as expected. The failure of gametophytes from coal-spoil plants to produce sporophytes with even greater success may result from homoeologous chromosome pairing and recombination at meiosis which allows production of variable spores and expression of genetic load from plants produced by self-fertilization of single gametophytes. Cultures of isolated and paired gametophytes originating from sporophytes in populations central to the species' range produced second-generation sporophytes with 83 and 90% success, respectively, indicating a significantly greater genetic load in populations b...


Hypothesis / aims of study In the UK midwives manage the majority of normal vaginal deliveries. Perineal repair of non-complicated tears and episiotomies is an important aspect of their professional role. This study was carried out in order to determine the current level of midwives' skills, knowledge and experience in relation to perineal repair. The audit aimed to provide baseline information for design of further support and training in this important area of maternal care.


Purpose To observe the spatial structure of cuttlebone and to study the biocompatibility of cuttlebone used as scaffolds in tissue engineering. Methods The degreased cuttlebone was examined with light microscope and scanning electron microscope. The porosity rate was calculated. The cuttlebone and polyglycolic acid (PGA) were placed subcutaneously in the mice back. The inflammatory reaction and absorbing degree of cuttlebone were investigated at 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks post-operation. The effect of cuttlebone on cell proliferation was examined by MTT assay. Results Morphological study showed regular network. The porosity rate was 92%. Only a few lymphocytes were infiltrated after 1 to 2 weeks. Cuttlebone was partially absorbed after 4 weeks and fully degraded after 8 weeks. Cell proliferated well on the cuttlebone scaffold. Conclusions Cuttlebone exhibits satisfactory biocompatibility and can be used as suitable three-dimensional porous scaffold.


Traditional bandgap based current references have restricted temperature operating range due to the limited input common mode range of the feedback amplifier. This paper introduces a modified bandgap current reference that overcomes this limitation by placing a natural device (V/sub th/ /spl sim/ 0V) level shift stage between the amplifier and the bandgap. The circuit has been fabricated in a 0.25-/spl mu/m CMOS process. It generates a reference current of 5/spl mu/A with a temperature variation of 7% over an extended temperature range of -40/spl deg/C to 150/spl deg/C. The bandgap occupies approximately 170/spl times/80/spl mu/m/sup 2/ and draws 56/spl mu/A from a 1.5V supply.


Significance The major portion of hereditary breast cancer still remains unexplained, and many susceptibility loci are yet to be found. Exome sequencing of 24 high-risk familial BRCA1/2-negative breast cancer patients and further genotyping of a large sample set of breast/ovarian cancer cases and controls was used to discover previously unidentified susceptibility alleles and genes. A significant association of a FANCM nonsense mutation with breast cancer, especially triple-negative breast cancer, identifies FANCM as a breast cancer susceptibility gene. Identification of such risk alleles is expected to improve cancer risk assessment for breast cancer patients and families, and may lead to improvements in the prevention, early diagnosis, and treatment of cancer. Inherited predisposition to breast cancer is known to be caused by loss-of-function mutations in BRCA1, BRCA2, PALB2, CHEK2, and other genes involved in DNA repair. However, most families severely affected by breast cancer do not harbor mutations in any of these genes. In Finland, founder mutations have been observed in each of these genes, suggesting that the Finnish population may be an excellent resource for the identification of other such genes. To this end, we carried out exome sequencing of constitutional genomic DNA from 24 breast cancer patients from 11 Finnish breast cancer families. From all rare damaging variants, 22 variants in 21 DNA repair genes were genotyped in 3,166 breast cancer patients, 569 ovarian cancer patients, and 2,090 controls, all from the Helsinki or Tampere regions of Finland. In Fanconi anemia complementation gene M (FANCM), nonsense mutation c.5101C>T (p.Q1701X) was significantly more frequent among breast cancer patients than among controls [odds ratio (OR) = 1.86, 95% CI = 1.26–2.75; P = 0.0018], with particular enrichment among patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC; OR = 3.56, 95% CI = 1.81–6.98, P = 0.0002). In the Helsinki and Tampere regions, respectively, carrier frequencies of FANCM p.Q1701X were 2.9% and 4.0% of breast cancer patients, 5.6% and 6.6% of TNBC patients, 2.2% of ovarian cancer patients (from Helsinki), and 1.4% and 2.5% of controls. These findings identify FANCM as a breast cancer susceptibility gene, mutations in which confer a particularly strong predisposition for TNBC.


Two theories have been proposed to explain the formation of Grassy Lake. One attributes the formation of the swamp to earthquake; the other states that it is one of the many so-called oxbow lakes in the area. A study of aerial photographs showing the absence of fault zones and related sandblows tends to rule out any possibility of an earthquake origin, and in size and shape the swamp in no way resembles an oxbow lake. The aerial photographs reveal instead that the formation of the swamp was due to a natural levee being built up by a river which meandered through the low area now called Grassy Lake. The presence of dense stands of bald cypress (Taxodium distichum (L.) Richard), which grow in abandoned river channels, and a knowledge of the ecology of bald cypress support this hypothesis.


Objective To investigate the performance of triple rule-out with(M-slice spiral CT in the combined examination of pulmonary artery,thoracic aorta and coronary artery for patients with acute chest pain.Methods Seventy patients who presented with acute chest pain were included in the study.All of the patients underwent retrospective ECG-gated 64-slice computed tomography triple rule-out examination to evaluate the pulmonary arteries,thoracic aorta and coronary arteries.Multi-planar reconstruction(MPR), maximum intensity projection(MIP),curved-planar reconstruction(CPR)and volume rendering(VR) were used to display pulmonary arteries,thoracic aorta and coronary arteries.We evaluated the image quality of coronary artery and the enhancement of the pulmonary artery and thoracic aorta to estimate if the examination can fulfill the clinical demand for the differential diagnosis of acute chest pain.Results The mean scan time was(8.5±1.0)s,and the dose of contrast medium injected was 100 ml.There were 95.7%(67/70)of patients whose CT values detected in the pulmonary artery and thoracic aorta after enhancement were ≥200 HU.The image quality of 85.8%(720/839)coronary segments was classified as excellent,8.6%(72/839)as good,and 5.6%(47/839)as poor.There were 20 cases with coronary stenoses≥50%,2 cases with pulmonary embolism,and 2 cases with aortic dissection.Conclusion The triple ride-out examination with 64-slice spiral CT could depict pulmonary artery,thoracic aorta,and coronary artery in 8 s with good image quality.It has great potential in the etiological diagnosis for the patients with acute chest pain.


Off-road robotics have traditionally utilized lidar for local navigation due to its accuracy and high resolution. However, the limitations of lidar, such as reduced performance in harsh environmental conditions and limited range, have prompted the exploration of alternative sensing technologies. This paper investigates the potential of radar for off-road local navigation, as it offers the advantages of a longer range and the ability to penetrate dust and light vegetation. We adapt existing lidar-based methods for radar and evaluate the performance in comparison to lidar under various off-road conditions. We show that radar can provide a significant range advantage over lidar while maintaining accuracy for both ground plane estimation and obstacle detection. And finally, we demonstrate successful autonomous navigation at a speed of 2.5 m/s over a path length of 350 m using only radar for ground plane estimation and obstacle detection.


Fourty seven Enterococcus faecalis isolates were obtained from 300 samples (100 Stool sample, 100 Urine sample, 100 Skin infection sample) at percentages of 28, 15 and 4% respectively. Lipotechoic acid (LTA) was extracted from the isolate Enterococcus faecalis U12.. Extraction was carried out using hot phenol and LTA was partially purified by gel filtration chromatography using Sepharose CL- 4B (1.4×65 cm). The peak of LTA was occupied the fractions from 16-27, the concentration of phosphate was 45.4 μmol ⁄g and the protein percentage was 1.2% of the lyophilized LTA. The sensitizing activity of extracted LTA was 62.5 μg ⁄ml and 15.6 μg ⁄ml for partially purified LTA, with no sensitizing activity for dLTA.


A passive balun using spiral inductors and inter-digital capacitors has been developed for a 2.4 GHz balanced diode mixer on Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ substrates. Using this passive balun on the input port (RF port and LO port) of the mixer circuit and incorporating the Schottky diode, where the I-V model and small signal RF model have been established, a wideband single balanced diode mixer was designed, fabricated and measured.


This paper puts forward a clustering on mass Chinese short message texts technique based on semantic concept.The method starts from the Chinese short message itself,it uses classified hierarchy Subject Word of Thesaurus of Modern Chinese,then abstracts conceptional tuple from short message text,forms clustering result expressed by high-leveled concept,based on which these samples are divided,thus the whole clustering process is completed.Experimental result shows the clustering algorithm achieves a satisfactory clustering result and a better executive efficiency as well.


In this article, I examine how privileged exchange opportunities in parochial corruption in China's courts become marketized and made accessible to those who do not enjoy a relational-tie. To that end, I first analyze the conceptual features of guanxi, a particularistic relationship between two (or more) individuals who share a dyadic non-transferable relational-tie, as well as the operational rationale of guanxi-based exchange. Then I proceed to investigate what has led to the marketization of guanxi-based parochial corruption. The answer lies in the emergence of professional "judicial brokers", particularly lawyers, who are best positioned to broker corrupt deals between judges and litigants. I also explain how a self-executable payment scheme, thanks to the asymmetry of anti-corruption measures, is developed to help solve the enforcement problem of illegal corrupt transactions. Finally, I provide some preliminary comparative reflections on guanxi and informal networks in other legal systems.


Large mining height mining is an important development direction of increasing coal recovery and achieving high production and high efficiency mine,but the destruction in the overlying strata is serious.In this paper,the law of overlying strata movement is researched for the sand covering and extremely thick coal seam in Ningdong coalfield.The simulation and a variety of monitoring instruments are used,the characteristics of overlying strata migration,subsidence and collapse are analysed at the whole process of mining from the simulated phenomenon and force resource on the working face with large mining height.Research shows that: the first weighting step distance is relatively big in large mining height working face,the suddenly collape of immediate roof and main roof can easily occur when the support moves with pressure,frame shift after intense pressure,the behavior of working face is strong,accompanied by obvious support dynamic phenomenon; the cracks extending to the surface have an possibility of inducing sand bending and bursting into the working face mining; 6 crack of running through the surface and having a 60 degree angle with the mining direction of working face; the range of each stratum subsidence expands within model along with the working face advancing and forms a downward trend of "U".


1Department of Radiation Oncology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, People's Republic of China; 2Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China; 3Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China


Research on the economics of software maintenance has concentrated on software maintenance productivity. More often than not, maintenance productivity is measured by the number of hours spent in servicing a maintenance request. While this measure captures the cost of an information systems (IS) department, it ignores a potential opportunity cost to the users that is better captured by the lead time taken to fulfil a request. Using detailed data of more than 1000 maintenance projects collected at a field site over a 6-year period, we examine how the lead time of a request is affected by factors such as the characteristics of the system, the request, and the maintainer responsible for the request. We found that the complexity of a request significantly postpones its lead time. The lead time is also increased by the internal lead time target set by the IS department based on staff availability. We also divided the lead time into the queuing time and the service time components and study how they are influenced by the same factors.


This state-of-the-art volume features fourteen contributions by internationally renowned scholars covering three areas of contact linguistics: (1) Creolistics, beginning with an essay on the rise of the meaning and use of the word


This paper examines a collective identity shift among unionizing art museum workers. Pulling data from an action research study of museum union members, I argue that museum workers today are explicitly aligning themselves with working classes in building wall‐to‐wall labor unions and embracing the collective identity, or membership within the group, of "museum worker." In analyzing this identity label, I draw from Bruce Lincoln's theories on discourse as a mechanism for constructing or dismantling affective social boundaries. The shift from "museum professional" to "museum worker" signifies a redefinition of creative labor and museum work rooted in cross‐class solidarity and bears implications for effective grassroots organizing and coalition‐building for institutional and social change.


We consider admissibility of generalized Bayes estimators of the mean of a p-variate normal distribution when the scale is unknown, and the loss is quadratic. The priors considered put the improper invariant prior on the scale while the prior on the mean has a hierarchical normal structure conditional on the scale. This conditional hierarchical prior is indexed by a hyperparameter, a. In earlier studies, the authors established admissibility/inadmissibility of the generalized Bayes estimator under the proper/improper conditional prior (a >−1 / a <−2), respectively. In this paper we complete the admissibility/inadmissibility characterization for this class of priors by establishing admissibility for the improper conditional prior (−2 ≤ a ≤ −1). This boundary, a = −2, with admissibility for a≥−2 and inadmissibility for a <−2 corresponds exactly to that in the known scale case for this class of conditional priors, and which follows from Brown's 1971 paper. As a notable benefit of this enlargement of the class of admissible generalized Bayes estimators, we give admissible and minimax estimators for p≥ 3 as opposed to an earlier study which required p≥ 5. In one particularly interesting special case, we establish that the joint Stein prior for the unknown scale case leads to a minimax admissible estimator for p≥ 3.


Background. Nowadays, population generally has high contamination with herpes virus infections. Infection commonly is asymptomatic, and the virus persists in the human body over a lifetime. Excessive diagnosis of herpes virus infections as well as overestimation of their role in the genesis of various diseases in immunocompetent people are common in Russian pediatrics.Objective. The aim of the study is to assess the frequency and efficacy of serological testing in the suspected correlation of herpes virus infections and infectious and somatic diseases in a multidisciplinary hospital.Methods. The study included patients hospitalized in the multidisciplinary hospital in Moscow, who were assigned serological examination for herpes viruses. The laboratory study was carried out by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with the revealing the markers of herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2, Epstein-Barr virus, and cytomegalovirus. The results of the examination were analyzed according to the nosology and their role in diagnosis and management.Results. The identification of herpes virus infections' markers was performed for 996 patients undergoing medical treatment in 17 different hospital departments within 2 months. Most commonly the examination was prescribed in infectious disease, pediatric, and hematological departments and covered more than 140 different nosologies. Acute respiratory infection, reactive arthritis, thrombocytopenia, infectious mononucleosis, acute tonsillitis, gastrointestinal pathology, acute bronchitis, and pneumonia were the most common nosologies. Positive markers of acute infection were revealed in 1.71% of cases for HSV-1/HSV-2, in 4.89% — for EBV, in 3.81% — for CMV. Moreover, positive results of serological examination were mostly noted in the cases of infectious diseases: infectious mononucleosis, tonsillitis, or acute respiratory infections. Tests were assigned for all three infections at the same time in most cases.Conclusion. Widespread examination for herpes virus infections is the typical variant of overdiagnosis and it is usually less informative. Generally positive markers are observed in typical course of herpes virus infections when clinical picture is enough for diagnosis verification.


infection. Data were collected through a survey that was administered via telephone or in the outpatient clinic by rheumatologists. We also did a case–control study of all patients with confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia and rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases who were admitted to the ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia during the study period. Cases were matched by age, sex, and month of hospital admission to at least two controls admitted to the same hospital for COVID-19 pneumonia during the study period. Findings Between Feb 24 and May 1, 2020, we collected data from 1525 patients with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases: 117 (8%) presented with symptoms that were compatible with COVID-19. 65 patients had a swab confirmation of SARS-CoV-2 infection, whereas 52 presented with a spectrum of symptoms indicative of COVID-19 but were not swab tested. Patients with confirmed COVID-19 were older than those with suspected COVID-19 (median age 68 [IQR 55–76] years vs 57 [49–67] years; p=0·0010) and more likely to have arterial hypertension (33 [51%] vs 14 [27%] patients; odds ratio [OR] 2·8 [95% CI 1·3–6·1]; p=0·031) and obesity (11 [17%] vs 1 [2%]; OR 11·0 [1·3–83·4]; p=0·0059). We found no differences in rheumatological disease or background therapy between confirmed and suspected COVID-19 cases. 47 (72%) of the 65 patients with confirmed COVID-19 developed pneumonia that required admission to hospital. 12 (10%) deaths occurred among the 117 patients with confirmed or suspected COVID-19 (ten in those with confirmed COVID-19 and two in those with suspected COVID-19). Deceased patients with confirmed COVID-19 older than survivors (median age 78·8 years [IQR 75·3–81·3] vs 65·5 years [53·3–74·0]; p=0·0002). We observed no differences in sex, comorbidities, or therapies between the deceased patients and survivors. The case–control study comprised 26 patients with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases and COVID-19 pneumonia and 62 matched controls. We found no significant differences between cases and controls in duration of COVID-19 symptoms before admission, duration of stay in hospital, or the local chest X-ray scoring system. Glucocorticoids were used for severe respiratory manifestations related to lung involvement in 17 (65%) of 26 cases and tocilizumab in six (23%) of 26; thrombotic events occurred in four (15%) of 26 cases. Four (15%) of 26 cases and six (10%) of 62 controls died during the study period.


We investigated the anisotropy in the thermal conductivities of π-conjugated polymer films of poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl), poly[2-methoxy-5-(2′-ethylhexyloxy)-p-phenylenevinylene], poly(2,5-bis(3-tetradecylthiophen-2-yl)thieno[3,2-b]thiophene), and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):tosylate (PEDOT:Tos). It was found that the in-plane thermal conductivity of the films, measured by membrane-based ac calorimetry, was approximately two times higher than the through-plane one measured by the 3ω method. We also found that the anisotropy of the electronic contribution is not negligible for the PEDOT:Tos films.


A quantitative understanding of transmission electron microscopic (TEM) images usually involves simulations as a central part. In the TEM community, the Bloch wave approach is frequently applied to simulate diffracted beam amplitudes in crystalline specimen. For example, the CELFA [1] technique compares the composition-dependent contrast in experimental (200) lattice fringe images with Bloch wave simulations to derive the local chemical composition x in InxGa1-xAs alloys. However, prior knowledge on the scattering properties of a crystal enters the Bloch wave method by means of structure factors (SF). Commonly, SF are calculated from isolated atom scattering data [2], so that the effect of a redistribution of electrons due to chemical bonding is neglected. Recent theoretical approaches overcome this problem by defining modified atomic scattering amplitudes (MASA [3]) which are calculated by density functional theory (DFT) methods. In this work, we introduce a new technique to measure SF from TEM spot diffraction patterns acquired under parallel illumination. Starting with the SF for isolated atoms, Bloch wave refinement routines have been developed to minimize the R-value defined by


This paper clarifies the construction techniques of stone masonry based on rubble-core system, in Armenian churches from the fourth to the seventh centuries. As can be considered from observation of the horizontal joints of stone masonry, each height of well-cut stone at the surface of wall seems to be utilized for attainment of stable constructing of wall. Furthermore, this technique was applied to make an unified and stable wall of the monument, which is necessary to set up stone vault and dome, new vaulting elements introduced during the second half of the centuries.


With the development of andit, the characteristics of universities in new period give more requirements to internal audit of universities. Its exploitation and utilization should be improved further. From the point of view of the importance of internal a udit,the individual quality of the audit institution and staff,the paper discusses how to exploit and utilize internal audit records and to display the value of these records fully.


In this paper, we report the optical and thermal effects of filling the air gap between a ceramic plate phosphor (CPP) and a cup-type light-emitting diode (LED) in a white phosphor-converted LED (pc-LED) package. The aim of our work was to improve extraction efficiency fully, as well as to enhance heat dissipation; and in this case, the CPP was a two-dimensional (2D) TiO2 nanobowl photonic crystal layer (PCL)-assisted Y3Al5O12: Ce3 +(YAG: Ce). By adding a 2D TiO2 PCL and eliminating the air gap between the CPP and the LED cup, our package exhibited better luminous efficacy, more uniform optical properties, and higher thermal conductivity than those of a 2D TiO2 PCL-assisted CPP-capped LED with an air gap and a conventional phosphor powder dispersed in an LED package.


Computational modelling of dynamical systems often involves many free parameters estimated from experimental data. The information gained from an experiment plays a crucial role in the goodness of predictions and parameter estimates. Optimal Experiment Design (OED) is being used to choose an experiment containing maximum information from a set of possible experiments. This work presents a novel Bayesian Optimal Experiment Design principle for generalised parameter distributions. The generalization is archived by extending the β-information gain to the discrete distributions. The β-information gain is based on what is known as the Bhattacharyya coefficient. We show that maximising the β-information gain is equivalent to maximising the angle between the prior and posterior distributions, reducing the posterior's uncertainty. Further, we apply the proposed BOED criteria for two realistic experiment designs in systems biology. Firstly, we use the β information gain to choose the best measurement method for parameter estimation in a Hes1 transcription model. The measurement method selected by the β-information gain results in the minimum mean square error of the parameter estimates. In the second case, we employ the proposed information gained to select an optimal sampling schedule for HIV 1 2 LTR model. The sampling schedule chosen by the presented method reduces both prediction and parameter uncertainty. Finally, we propose a novel method for model selection using β information gain and demonstrate the working of the proposed method in the model selection in compartmental models.


PURPOSE: To inexpensively produce a color filter array by depositing a liquid drop of a color filter material on a receptor by using converged acoustic energy, and to change planning of color filter array comparatively easily. CONSTITUTION: Some of individual liquid drop ejectors 102 eject a liquid drop 52 of polyimide 54 to the surface of a receptor 104 during the production of a color filter array. In acoustic printing, one of the individual liquid drop ejectors 102 or a group of them can be controlled by a control electronic circuit 106 and a color filter material is deposited on a receptor 104 in a predetermined pattern. The control electronic circuit is one similar to or the same as one used in acoustic printing. COPYRIGHT: (C)1995,JPO


Higher-speed signal transmission is increasingly required on a printed circuit board to handle massive data in electronic systems. So, signal transmission loss of copper wiring on a printed circuit board has been studied. First, total signal loss was divided into dielectric loss and conductor loss quantitatively based on electromagnetic theory. In particular, the scattering loss due to surface roughness of copper foil has been examined in detail. And the usefulness of the copper foil with low surface roughness has been demonstrated. Introduction Higher performance IT electronic systems are strongly required to handle huge amount of data in a shorter time in recent years. Transmission speed of the signals propagating inside the equipment has been increasing. Signal loss becomes remarkable on a printed circuit board in the GHz frequency range. It causes many problems, such as rising edge degradation of signals, or resulting higher bit error rate, and so on. Then, reducing the signal loss on a printed circuit board has become more important. Therefore, in this study, measurement of S21 has been carried out by fabricating various evaluation boards combining different copper foils with low roughness and low dielectric materials. And they were compared with the transmission loss of the commonly used material, FR-4. In particular, the reduction effect of signal loss has been demonstrated quantitatively by using copper foil with smooth surface roughness along with low dielectric loss material. Signal transmission loss Signal transmission loss on printed circuit boards can be classified into conductor loss due to the conductor and dielectric loss due to the dielectric. Then, total signal transmission loss can be expressed by two loss factors.


The changes do not affect the interpretation of the data or the conclusions of the study. Citation Wang J, Chen S, Liao Y, Zhang E, Feng S, Yu S, Li L-F, He W-R, Li Y, Luo Y, Sun Y, Zhou M, Wang X, Munir M, Li S, Qiu H-J. 2017. Correction for Wang et al., "Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2, a novel E2-interacting protein, promotes the growth of classical swine fever virus via attenuation of the JAKSTAT signaling pathway." J Virol 91:e01523-17. https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.01523-17. Copyright © 2017 American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. AUTHOR CORRECTION


Two immiscible fluids flows are materialized in science and technology; the combined convection of the two immiscible fluids in a square conduit is reviewed in this study. The nanofluid and pure viscous fluid which do not mix are discussed, and both layers saturated with a porous matrix have different permeabilities. The Dupuit–Forchheimer and Tiwari–Das models are applied to outline the permeability of the layer and nanofluids, respectively. The finite difference method is utilized to find the solutions of conservation equations along with suitable boundary and interface conditions. The boundary condition for the velocity is no slip at all the boundaries, while continuity of velocity and shear stress are used at the interface. The left and right walls are kept at constant but different temperatures, the top and bottom walls are isolated, and the continuity of temperature and heat flux is assumed at the interface. Grashof number, Brinkman number, Darcy number, inertia parameter, permeability ratio, solid volume fraction, thermal conductivity and viscosity ratios, different nanoparticles, and various base liquids of the two-layered fluids are engaged. The velocity is depleted by the inertia and viscosity ratio while it is accelerated with the Darcy and Grashof numbers. The energy distribution was not modulated significantly with any of the dimensionless numbers. Using copper nanoparticles doped in mineral oil and ethylene glycol produced the peak momentum. Diamond nanoparticles dropped in water catalysis showed the best heat transfer rate.


Researchers have long been curious about the mismatch between women's fear of crime and their objective risk of victimization. The present research, which examines fear of terrorism, provides a unique opportunity to explore gender differences in reactions to a specific type of violent victimization, terrorism. The article analyzes data collected from a telephone survey of 532 inhabitants from New York and Washington on the topic of reactions to terrorism-related information. Analysis of these data finds that women are more fearful, engage in more avoidance behaviors, and are more likely to seek information in response to terrorism-related information. Moreover, women differ from men in predictors of their terrorism fears as well as engagement in terrorism-related avoidance and information-seeking behaviors. Possible explanations for these results are discussed.


It is an interesting paradox that on the one hand intemperate enthusiasm greets new medical discoveries. On the other hand, the lack of science in medicine is paraded from time to time, usually as a matter of apologetics, as, when a physician wishes to excuse an error, a lawyer to discredit a physician, or a jury to render a verdict contrary to medical evidence. Philosophers who insist on the mathematical or quantitative aspects in any definition of science ascribe very little that is truly scientific to biology in general or to its daughter medicine in particular. Jerome Frank comments approvingly that "many scientific-minded physicians today deny that medicine is, or is likely ever to be, a science." (4) Articulate physicians themselves may be highly critical. Dr. Ian Stevenson, for example, declares, "Medicine will not achieve the status of a science until the basic laws of health and disease have been disclosed. But the search for these laws has hardly begun." (10) Stevenson goes on to point out that instead of seeking basic laws, medicine is concentrating on facts, from which no laws emerge. The definition of a science has intrigued philosophers as well as scientists. Concern with definitions can be taken as a sign of partial decadence, indicative at least of loss of youthful vigor, dimunition in creative energy. Critical and selfconscious reflection is an indication of difficulties from the standpoint of value, of relationship to other branches of human endeavor. Naive inspiration carries on until serious and thorough-going collision with other values compels critical examination. When individuals seek nought from society except to be left alone to pursue their own curiosity, in such a stage the label attaching to an individual was of no significance. Then it would have been very simple to defend the definition "science is what scientists are doing." Only when "scientists" are massproduced does such a definition fail. Now there must be some criterion or distinguishing feature to mark off the scientist from the non-scientist. "Science is that knowledge that is arrived at by the Scientific Method," (8) is one of the popular current definitions. The term "scientific method" has been analyzed by innumerable authors. For this discussion the term will be used to mean: the foundation, on the basis of raw data, of articulate hypotheses, through which definite predictions, subject to verification, can be made. Each verification strengthens the hypothesis, while lack of verification destroys confidence in its validity. To analyze further the definition of science and the place of medicine in science, let us employ a casuistic rather than a deductive or historical approach. I. a) A chimpanzee in his cage observes a banana hanging from the rafters, but out of reach. A broomstick, however, is lying in the cage, and the chimp, after much random movement, uses the stick to knock down the banana. The next day another banana, also out of reach, is secured by means of an old metal fishing rod. The third day there is the same achievement with the use of a fallen branch of a tree. The following day the banana lies on the ground outside the


The seasonal course of the availability of nitrogen (ammonium and nitrate) and phosphate in soils of some mountain birch woods in subarctic Sweden was measured in situ by using ion exchange membran ...


A 31-year old man presented 15 years after cranial surgery with the recurrence of a large pituitary prolactinoma. Initial biochemical control was obtained with bromocriptine, but despite high doses of this drug, tumour growth continued.


Dealing with releases of hazardous wastes into the environment requires many decisions. Given the many problem sites that exist, and finite resources to deal with them, it is important to make these decisions wisely. The methods of formal decision analysis deal precisely with these kinds of problems, and ought to be useful for federal, state, and industrial decision-makers with responsibility for hazardous waste sites. In particular, decision analysis allows one to break a complex decision process into simpler parts. For each part, one estimates probabilities of component events, and assigns preferences to each possible result. The parts are then reassembled to find the overall optimal strategy. The application of decision analysis methods to hazardous waste releases are described. These methods are used to analyze possible solutions to a polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) contamination problem near Bloomington, Indiana. A partial risk analysis indicates that one additional case of cancer might result from consumption of PCB-contaminated fish from Salt Creek in Monroe and Lawrence Counties. Of potential solutions considered, an advertising campaign to alert the public about the hazards of eating these fish appears from the decision analysis to be the best.


This paper evaluates the performance of a novel algorithm for tracking of a mobile node, interms of execution time and root mean square error (RMSE). Particle Filter algorithm is used to track the mobile node, however a new technique in particle filter algorithm is also proposed to reduce the execution time. The stationary points were calculated through trilateration and finally by averaging the number of points collected for a specific time, whereas tracking is done through trilateration as well as particle filter algorithm. Wi-Fi signal is used to get initial guess of the position of mobile node in x-y coordinates system. Commercially available software "Wireless Mon" was used to read the WiFi signal strength from the WiFi card. Visual C++ version 6 was used to interact with this software to read only the required data from the log-file generated by "Wireless Mon" software. Results are evaluated through mathematical modeling and MATLAB simulation. The proposed method has the advantage of being based on analytical calculations, which gives closed formulas for the position estimates. Therefore, the implementation of the algorithm is simple and suitable for nodes of limited computational power, while still sufficiently accurate for use in indoor or outdoor environments


Coverage evaluation is indispensable for verification via simulation. As the functional complexity of modern design is increasing at a breathtaking pace, it is requisite to take observability into account. Unfortunately, nowadays coverage metrics taking observability into account are not very satisfactory. On the one hand, for the observability assessment algorithms proposed up to now, the overhead of computing is large, so they could not be integrated into simulation tools easily. On the other hand, the vector generation methods involving the metrics taking observability into account are not very efficient, and there exists a disconnection between these metrics and the vector generation process.In this paper, some original ideas for the problems above are presented. (1) Precise and concise abstract representations from HDL (Hardware Description Language) descriptions at RTL (Register Transfer Level) are presented to model observability information. (2) A novel observability evaluation method based on the proposed models is introduced. This method is more computationally efficient than prior efforts to assess observability and it could be integrated into compilers and simulators easily. (3) A new simulation vector generation procedure involving the observability-enhanced statement coverage metric is developed. The method is simulation-based and driven by the distribution of unobserved statements.During this procedure, the proposed algorithm always tries to cover all unobserved statements, and reduce unnecessary backtracking, so it is efficient. The methods proposed have been implemented as a prototype tool for VHDL designs, and the results on benchmarks show significant benefits.


The exposure of Puntius sophore to different concentrations of crude oil (200… 4000 ppm) revealed that 4000 ppm was acutely lethal to the fish and mortality did not occur at <500 ppm at 21±1 °C for up to 15 days. The increase in the opercular frequency during exposure to crude oil has been recorded almost parallel to toxicant concentrations. The objectionable odour of the crude oil and the formation of coagulated mucous film over the body and gills were the main factors causing mortality among the experimental fish.

The 24, 48, 78 and 96-h TL 50 values have been 3275, 1750, 1650 and 1450 ppm. The corresponding regression coefficients b were –1.8056, –1.5849, –1.6037 and –1.6497.


This research was primarily conducted in Tabin Wildlife Reserve, Lahad Datu, Sabah, with the aim to determine the response of tourists to the concept of including invertebrate information in current and planned ecotourism activities in order to increase conservation efforts involving invertebrates. A questionnaire survey was distributed during the preliminary entotourism activity in order to test the conceptual framework set posited in this research. The development of the conceptual framework in this study detailed the model of network of relationship among the variables that needed to be scrutinized. Data collected was analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and Analysis of Moment Structure (AMOS) software programme which uses the Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). SEM analysis revealed a significant variance of Ecotourism that was well explained by all four exogenous variables (Activity, Information, Interest and Willingness). The findings of this study aspire to contribute to the literature of invertebrate species conservation awareness in Sabah, since very limited research is conducted specifically on the entotourism field.


In patients with well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma (WDTC), the extent of thyroid surgery is controversial. There are proponents of both total thyroidectomy (TT) and thyroid lobectomy (TL). A review of literature was performed. We included studies investigating the extent of thyroid surgery, TT versus TL, for WDTC. Multiple studies have failed to show any significant difference in posttreatment recurrence between TT and lobectomy. In properly selected low-to-intermediate risk patients, the extent of initial thyroid surgery probably has little impact on disease-specific survival.


The effects of GH on cartilage may be mediated by a variety of serum factors (somatomedins; SM). We have reported (Endocrinology 90: 1086, 1972) stimulation of thymidine incorporation in isolated chicken embryo chondrocytes by normal human serum. Thiswas greater than that caused by serum from patients with hypopituitarism. We have now compared the stimulatory activity estimated by [3H]thymidine incorporation (SMT) with that estimated by [3H]leucine incorporation in 46 sera from children with GH deficiency; with short stature, but normal GH responsiveness; or with normal stature and normal GH responsiveness. These activities were also measured in sera from 9 normal adults and 12 acromegalics. Sera from GH deficient children had reduced SMT activity (.54 ± 04; (mean ± SE) P < 01) compared to normal children (.83 ± 08), whereas the sera from children with short stature and normal GH responsiveness had higher levels than normal (1.19 ± 10; P < 02). Acromegalic adults averaged higher SMT activity than normal a...


TIVO strategies are considered whereby the full sample need not bc destroyed to obtain c.stimatec1 of low-order percentiles. The properties are examined by Monte Carlo methods. One strategy, based on a proof-loading concept, appears to have practical value, particularly \\.hen nsc~d in conjunction with a non-destr~lctively-deternlined conconlitant variable. Even \vhen the concomitant variable has a fairly low correlation with the property of interest, thr numbcr of san~ples destroyed is apprccial~ly red~lced. This number is, however, a rando~n variable. The second strategy, which again uses a concomitant variable, fixes the nnlnber ~lestroyed, but in other respects is less satisfactory; for reliable results the 1untl11)er destroyed will be uncomfortably high unless the variables are very highly correlated. T l ~ e use of a subjective ranking rather than a measured conconlitant variable, to reduce the ntunber of specinlens destroyed, is considered. I t is seen that, under some circurnstanccs, snbjective ranking, or even allocation into ordered groups, will be cost-efficient.


Coherent ultrashort THz pulses induced by a laserelectron interaction are routinely produced and observed at DELTA, a 1.5-GeV synchrotron light source operated by the TU Dortmund University. The turn-by-turn evolution of the radiation spectrum is known to shift to the sub-THz regime after the initial laser-electron interaction. Recently, an ultrafast YBCO-based THz detector has been permanently installed and a Schottky diode has been tested at the THz beamline. Measurements with these detectors showing the temporal evolution of the coherent signals after several revolutions are presented. Furthermore, the concept of a recently designed Fourier-transform spectrometer optimized for the sub-THz region is shown.


Linearly polarized CO2 laser beams have been used to investigate the effects of polarization on aluminum alloy weldability. Bead‐on‐plate welding tests have been performed on A5083 (AlMg4.5Mn0.7) alloy plates with quasi‐TEM00‐mode beams whose polarization direction is parallel or perpendicular to the welding direction, referred to as the parallel or the perpendicular polarization beam, respectively. Comparison of the fusion zone shapes between the two cases shows that deeper penetration, and hence more efficient optical energy coupling to the work can be obtained with the parallel polarization beam. This effect can be interpreted as being due to the higher Fresnel absorption at the keyhole front wall for the parallel polarization beam than for the perpendicular polarization beam. It is also found that the polarization effect is much more evident in the case of He gas shielding than in the case of Ar gas shielding. The weaker polarization effects observed in the case of Ar may be due to more densely formed...


Recently, "green chemistry" methods have been increasingly used to process agricultural waste in order to obtain products with high added value. In the presented work, the medium of subcritical water (SBW) was used to obtain (in the temperature range from 100 to 220 °C) extracts from the leaves of the olive (LO) of Olea europaea L. enriched with polyphenols and to assess their antioxidant activity (AOA). The use of medium of SBW for extraction processes allows not only to increase the extraction of secondary plant metabolites (SPM) from the plant matrix, but also to achieve a change in the phytochemical profile of extracts obtained in SBW.
The dependence of the content of secondary plant metabolites (the sum of polyphenolic compounds and flavonoids) and AOA of extracts obtained at different temperatures in SBW and traditional aqueous-alcoholic extraction from olive leaves was studied. It was shown that the content of polyphenolic compounds and the AOA activity of the extracts depend on the extraction conditions. It has been demonstrated that the obtained extract from LO in medium of SBW at 220 °C contains the maximum amount of polyphenolic compounds and demonstrates the maximum AOA (EC50=26.9 μg/ml).
The presented results demonstrate the promise of using SBW for obtaining extracts from LO with a high content of polyphenols for the development of pharmaceuticals and food additives with high AOA.


Interaction, if not wisely considered, may be very risky. The unwise utterances may lead to misunderstanding. When this happens, pragmatic failure is of great possibility occur. This writing is aimed at describing the some variations of speech seqeunces in doing request and the reasons of using each variation. The data are the request uttered by English Department students Andalas University to their friends, their lecturer and vice versa at the campus. Data are collected by observational method, interviewing and note-taking technique. To analyze the data, pragmatic and referential identity method is used. The result of analysis is naratively and descriptively presented. Having been related to the concept of speech act of request (Revita, 2008) and context (Yule, 1986), it is found that there are four variations of speech sequence when English Department students do request. They are (a) (1) 1 in 1; (b) 2 in 1; (c) 3 in 1; and (d) multi acts in 1. The choice of these variations is basically based on several reasons, namely (i) social; (ii)psychological; (iii) cultural ; and (iv) religious aspect. Keywords: Sequence, request, short message service


Plant non-symbiotic hemoglobin(nsHb) genes are ubiquitous in plants.Many biotic and abiotic stresses induce the expression of nsHb.nsHb plays important roles in plant growth and development,as well as stress conditions.The mechanism of nsHb function has a close relationship with nitric oxide(NO) metabolism.In this review,the expression characteristics,the biological function and the mechanism of nsHb function are summarized.


Article history: Received July 15, 2020 Received in revised form August 13, 2020 Accepted October 11, 2020 Available online April 01, 2021 Sliding Sudare has a big potential to be developed considered its high effectiveness in minimizing building energy consumption while still maintaining its visibility quality. Meanwhile, its original blinds that is made of bamboo cannot withstand extreme weather and have a short lifespan. Therefore, this research is to investigate the effectiveness of the other material alternatives namely stainless steel, plastic, and natural fiber. A scaled model is used for prototyping the materials in the shape of bicycle spokes, PLA+ (3D printer filament), and bamboo slats as the blinds. These everyday objects were tested in terms of their physical characteristic and were measured by four parameters (security requirement, weather resistance, construction process, and cost-effectiveness). From the research, it was concluded that bicycle spokes has the highest overall performance with the highest advantages in weather resistance requirement, cost-effectiveness, and construction; whilst PLA+ and bamboo slats have the least overall performance though both have high advantage in terms of security requirement.


The symmetry characteristics of the genetic code, as evidenced by the regular pattern of codon degeneracies, may be formalized empirically within a group-theoretic framework.I4 Such an analysis is capable of generalization to include consideration of "ambiguous" codon assignments. Indeed, the rapidly growing collection of alternative codings has expanded the traditional concept of genetic code universality. The generalized genetic code (GGC) serves to unify alternative codon/amino acid assignments within the standard genetic code (SGC) of cytoplasmic protein synthesis. The result is a redefinition of genetic code universality in a modified form. Briefly, motivation for the introduction of the GGC is as fol1ows.l4 The standard view of the genetic code (phrased set theoretically) is that of a mapping from the codon set C onto the amino acid set A (cf. TABLE 1, Eq. 1). The surjective (onto) quality of this mapping delimits the degeneracy of the SGC. Alternative codon assignments, which introduce ambiguity during protein synthesis, transgress the requisite singlevalued nature of a mapping and thereby intimate that the genetic code is a relation. The GGC was constructed to clarify the ambiguity question by considering a class of genetic codes (Eq. 2) that are distinguished by the biological context in which they are interpreted. Given that the SGC is nonuniversal, the concept of a biological context becomes mandatory, a t least a t an operational level. A distinct biological context defines a definite framework for genetic code interpretation and thereby provides a mechanism by which the GGC may be restricted to one of many specific genetic codes. (The SGC, of course, corresponds to the context of normal, cytoplasmic protein synthesis.) Consequently, a particular biological context constrains the GGC relation to a fixed mapping. Biologically, context structure redefines the question of code universality in terms of context universality. Moreover, the existence of different distinct contexts implies an increase in the information content of DNA. The GGC fulfills a (weak) symmetry principle that subsumes and generalizes codon degeneracy under the SGC. This symmetry principle formalizes the necessary (but not sufficient) conditions for codon degeneracy and thereby places a constraint on admissible genetic codes. The nature of this constraint was first processed for S G C degeneracies and subsequently extended to the GGC by imposing grouptheoretically induced partitions of the codon set C. (See TABLE 1 for a concise presentation of this procedure and References 1-4 for a detailed explication.) Finally, the resultant partitions are used to investigate alternative coding degeneracy in a manner completely analogous to that for the SGC. Mitochondria] DNA (mtDNA) sequence data provide perhaps the most prolific in vivo source of alternative codings, all of which may be analyzed according to the symmetry of GGC decompositions (cf. TABLE 2; see Findley et of.' for an exhaustive treatment of the rationale behind the construction of this table). As shown in TABLE 2,


The recyclability of domestic waste plays a crucial role in the modern society, which helps reduce multiple types of pollution and brings economic effect. To achieve this goal, garbage classification is one of the most important steps during the recycling process. Prevailing deep learning techniques empower high-performance visual recognition models and can benefit the automation of garbage classification task. Nevertheless, there exist three challenges when directly leveraging deep recognition models for this task, referring to lack of sufficient data, high cost of category increment, and noisy data quality. In this article, we present a novel incremental learning framework, GarbageNet, to address the aforementioned challenges. First, weakly-supervised transfer learning guarantees the capacity of feature extractor. Second, for new categories of garbages, GarbageNet embeds them as anchors for reference and classifies the test samples by finding their nearest neighbors in the latent space. Third, an attentive mixup of training data is utilized for suppressing the negative effect of mislabeled data. We evaluate our method on real-world datasets, and the empirical results demonstrate that GarbageNet achieves the state-of-the-art performance with regard to accuracy, robustness, and extendability. The proposed method won the first place in the HUAWEI Cloud Garbage Classification Challenge in 2019. Impact Statement—This article contributes to a vision-based garbage recognition system for the recyclability of domestic waste. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first article that explores a realistic vision-based solution for the garbage recognition with a real-world dataset and a comprehensive benchmark on current state-of-the-art visual recognition models. The proposed method addresses several challenges and achieves state-of-the-art performance. We believe that this interdisciplinary research contributes to the AI for the environment, which helps promote environmental ethics, bring rotation economy, and relieve the pressure of consumption doctrine in smart city.


This paper presents an analysis of the limits of detection and calculation of volume of rockfalls, through the use of LiDAR and photogrammetry. Also, part of the study, focuses on the comparison of two different instruments for the acquisition of photogrammetric data. The pilot study area is located at the Puigcercós cliff (Pallars Jussà). The behavior of this cliff, has been widely studied in preliminary investigations through the use of LiDAR technology. However, one of the limitations of this technique is the high cost of acquiring and processing the data and the temporary restrictions that this implies. The use of photogrammetry in this type of research, is not widely developed, however, offers the possibility of data acquisition at a much lower cost than the LiDAR. For this reason, it is to be determined the cost-benefit ratio of this technique, taking into account the high precision of the results obtained with LiDAR technology. For the analysis of the information, it is carried out: 1) Sensitivity analysis and 2) Quantitative analysis of the volumes of the rockfalls identified by means of the analysis of data acquired in different dates (2018 vs 2019). Through the observed results and the analysis of the calculations of volumes the rockfalls with photogrammetry, it is obtained that this technique provides results comparable to those obtained by LiDAR technology. Additionally, it is found that the use of better resolution photographic cameras for photogrammetry, does not necessarily imply contribution to a better definition of the geometries for the creation of optimum quality point clouds.


Effectiveness and safety of combining gemtuzumab ozogamicin (GO) with attenuated dose of standard induction chemotherapy (CTx) were prospectively assessed in 16 elderly patients with previously untreated AML. The drug was administered at a dose of 6mg/m 2 as a single 2-h IV infusion on day 1. Following GO, abbreviated schedule of standard induction CTx consisted of idarubicin (IDA, 12mg/m 2 /d) and N 4-behenoyl-1-β-arabinofuranosyl cytosine (BH-AC, 300mg/m 2 /d, 2-h infusion) was administered from day 2 for 3 and 5 days, respectively (Group A). Eligible criteria were as following; age ≥55 years, previously untreated AML, ECOG performance status (PS) of 0 to 2, and adequate organ function. Patients with diagnosis of FAB subtype M3, significant comorbidities, or uncontrolled infection were excluded. All patients were required to express CD33 at least >20% by flow cytometry. The clinical effect of combining GO and CTx in terms of CR rate, induction mortality and myelotoxicity was compared with historical cohort of patients who had been treated previously with the same regimen of induction CTx but without GO at our center. Patients in historical cohort were subdivided into standard (IDA+BH-AC, 3+7, Group B) and abbreviated (IDA+BH-AC, 2~3+5, Group C) CTx group, respectively. All patients received the 1 st consolidation CTx consisted of fludarabine, cytarabine, mitoxantrone, and G-CSF (FLANG). The 2 nd consolidation CTx was comprised of IDA and BH-AC (3+5). Patients after completion of consolidation CTx cycle received reduced intensity stem cell transplantation (SCT) or autologous SCT according to the HLA-matched donor status. 34 and 28 patients were included in Group B and C, respectively. There were no significant differences in pretreatment patient characteristics among 3 groups except patients' age . Patients' age was significantly higher in Group A. The rate of response to induction chemotherapy was significantly higher in GO combination group (87.5% vs 58.8% vs 50% in Group A, B and C, respectively) (P = 0.044) (Figure 1). In Group A, thirteen patients (81.3%) achieved CR, and 1 patient (6.3%) achieved CR with incomplete platelet recovery (CRp). Early death during induction occurred in 6.3%, 11.8%, and 14.3% of patients of Group A, B, and C, respectively (P = 0.724) (Figure 1). Estimated probability of overall survival was 51.3% with a median follow up duration of 7.1 months in Group A. We observed a significantly higher CR rate in patients who received GO combined with conventional chemotherapy but without increasing the risk of early death. We conclude that although the small numbers of cases included and follow up duration was relatively short in this study, frontline gemtuzumab ozogamicin in combination with conventional CTx was effective and safe approach in elderly patients with AML. Larger studies are now required in order to define the possible role of this regimen in the treatment of elderly AML patients.


The alkylation of ethylbenzene with ethanol on ZSM-5 zeolites was studied at 673 K. The primary product in this alkylation on HZSM-5 catalyst was only p-diethylbenzene because of the transition-state selectivity. Therefore, the isomerization of p-diethylbenzene has to be restrained for the selective formation of p-diethylbenzene. The modified HZSM-5 catalysts with oxide of magnesium, phosphorus or boron showed much higher para-selectivity than the parent HZSM-5. The modification reduced not only the effective pore dimension of HZSM-5 but also the amount of strong acid sites. We claim that the absence of strong acid sites is necessary rather than the narrowness of pores for the suppression of the isomerization of p-diethylbenzene produced as a primary product.


"Diaojiaolou" (the Tujia people's traditional houses) are reclusiving in the area of Chongqing's southeast. The paper investigate their basic types (such as I, L, U shape, quadrangle and the other varietal types) and characteristics. The paper also analyses the causes and the wisdoms of "Diaojiaolou", that are the antiquated inhabitancy wisdom because of it was "Chinese beautiful former residence" from the viewpoints of historical origin, the contemporary suitability wisdom from the viewpoints of landform, climate, technique, economy and life style, and the aesthetic wisdom from the viewpoints of the holistic "Fengshui" surroundings and landscape, the image of architecture and the detail decorations. Finaly, the paper conclude that "Diaojiaolou" are worth to be inherited and sustainable developed.


In this study, polyamide 6 containing 30wt% talc was reprocessed via injection molding up to eight processing cycles. The effects of reprocessing on the mechanical properties and on the melt viscosity were analyzed by flexural and impact tests and by melt flow index (MFI) tests, respectively. Flexural strength and modulus remained unchanged up to the 5th processing cycle. From the 6th processing cycle, flexural strength and modulus decrease with increasing processing cycles. Similar trend was observed for impact strength, however, the decrease observed in this property was much lower. From the 6th processing cycle, MFI increases with increasing processing cycles, indicating a possible reduction in PA6 molar mass.


We present the solutions of a theoretical analysis of the magnetic field wake of a conducting body in a flowing plasma when the Hall current is dominant in the waves. The results show a wake swept back in the flow, the front of which is a straight line determined by the group velocity of the waves excited by the current source. Characteristic directions of constant phase of the field variables are found to lie upon a series of parabolas rather than the single, straight magnetohydrodynamic characteristics. We also find modulation along the characteristics with a wavelength proportional to the size of the conducting obstacle. Magnetic field lines supporting wave activity exhibit a helical structure of decreasing pitch away from the source. The current carried by the waves and the wave power are largest along the leading edge of the wake, in the high-frequency components of the waves. Our results are of relevance to electrodynamic coupling between a conducting satellite and its associated planetary magnetosphere in a multi-ion plasma, as found in the environments of the gas giants. The solutions are also applicable to the whistler wave dispersion relation, and we find a good agreement with simulation results based on suggested "whistler wings" generated at the asteroid Gaspra.


The article discusses the results of research on obtaining cellulose fiber from sunflower husks. A complete technological scheme of plant raw materials processing is presented.  The studies have proved the possibility of obtaining cellulose fiber from sunflower husk. The average weighted length of the fiber was 0.495 mm, width 30.8 microns. It has been revealed that 59,1 % of the total weight of the obtained fiber can be attributed to the conditioned fiber having bougoyage-forming properties.


The low availability of climatological data makes the use of the equation of Hargreaves and Samani (1985) - HS an alternative in the estimation of ETo values, making possible an increase in the quality of water management, especially in irrigated perimeters such as Jacare-Curituba, located in the Sergipe. Despite the simplicity, some authors recommend adjusting the parameters of the HS equation to reduce the estimation errors. Thus, the objective of this work was to adjust the parameters of the HS equation for its use in the Jacare-Curituba-SE irrigated perimeter. The project was done at the Federal University of Alagoas, in partnership with the Federal University of Sergipe. A series of data from 2006 to 2013 was used and the treatments were based on the adjustment of one variable (HS-1), two variables (HS-2), and three (HS-3). For the adjustment of the variable, the methodology described by Wraith and Or (1998) was adopted, in which, through the solver tool, the analyzed variables were assigned values until the estimation error of the ETo data estimated by the HS, in relation to the model Standard Penman-Monteith (PM), was the smallest possible. The quality of the adjustments was analyzed by statistical coefficients. The results obtained showed a reduction in the estimation errors and an increase in the calibration quality evaluation indices. The adjustment with the highest number of adjusted variables provided better results, and their variables were adjusted: "a" 0.0039, "b" 0.6397 and "c" -6.579.


seems to have formed part of one of the statues of Athena on the Acropolis, appears to be obscurely referred to by Dio Chrysostom (Orat. 12, 6), and by Hesychius s.v. TAavf iv iroXti. Both of these passages may be found in Overbeck's Schriftquellen, nos. 677—8, with references to the modern literature of the subject under no. 679. Elsewhere, the editor quotes Ampere's criticism on the poet's beautiful description of the vines on the banks as seen reflected by the evening light in the quiet waters of the river : —


Summary The effects of irrigation frequency, N concentration, and NH4-N/NO3-N ratio on rhizosphere NH4 concentrations and plant yield were investigated for bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L., cv. 'Mazurka') grown in perlite. The experiment comprised eight treatments, with two concentrations of N (120 or 60 mg l–1), two NH4-N/NO3-N ratios (3:7 and 1:9), and two irrigation frequencies (3 d–1, or for 1.5 min every 30 min throughout the day). The combination of high NH4 concentration in the irrigation water and high irrigation frequency reduced yield significantly. Decreasing the NH4 concentration by decreasing the NH4-N/NO3-N ratio, or by decreasing the total N concentration, improved yield. The impaired growth of plants exposed to high irrigation frequency and high NH4 concentrations was a result of high transient NH4 concentrations in the rhizosphere. Time-dependent processes, such as nitrification, reduced transient NH4 concentrations in the rhizosphere and, therefore, actual NH4 concentrations were lower under low-frequency irrigation. Modification of the NH4/NO3 ratio under high frequencies of irrigation is recommended to diminish the risks of NH4 toxicity in sensitive crops.


A morphing wing can deform its geometrical shape seamlessly and continuously to improve aerodynamic performance. In our previous study, a multi-layered compliant mechanism composed of stacked compliant mechanisms was proposed as the internal structure of the morphing fl ap to improve the design fl exibility of the deformation shape. Each layer has an independent structural con fi guration that can be supported under an independently applied load. By connecting layers throughout the wing skin, the multi-layered compliant mechanism is worked as a single morphing fl ap. This study expands the design fl exibility of the multi-layered compliant fl ap to achieve di ff erent morphing shapes by considering multiple fl ight conditions. For this purpose, load cases with di ff erent actuation forces according to the fl ight conditions are introduced and the design problem is formulated using a multiobjective optimization problem. Through numerical examples, several Pareto con fi gurations of the multi-layered fl ap are demonstrated to facilitate deformation to yield di ff erent desired morphing shapes to maximize the lift-to-drag ratio or maximum lift coe ffi cient. In addition, the trade-o ff between the two objective shapes is examined to investigate the e ff ects on the values of these functions and the resulting con fi gurations.


Objective:To observe therapeutic effect of carvedilol on patients with dilated cardiomyopathy(DCM)and heart failure(HF).Methods:A total of 82cases with DCM and HF were selected.They were randomly divided into carvedilol group(n=42)and routine treatment group(n=40).Patients in carvedilol group received carvedilol3.125-25mg twice/d based on routine treatment.Changes of left ventricular end-diastolic dimension(LVEDd),left ventricular end-systolic dimension(LVESd),left atrial diameter(LAD),left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),6 min walking distance(6MWD)were compared between two groups.Results:After six-month treatment,there was significant improvement in cardiac function in both groups,and total effective rate of carvedilol group(90.5%)was significantly higher than that of routine treatment group(72.5%),P0.05;Compared with routine treatment group,there were significant decrease in LVEDd[(59.1±9.6)mm vs.(54.2±10.2)mm],LVESd[(46.1±8.7)mm vs.(41.4±12.2)mm]and significant increase in LVEF[(42.1±10.5)% vs.(48.4±9.6)%]and 6MWD[(264.52±51.23)m vs.(309.26±45.24)m]in carvedilol group,P0.05all.Conclusion:Application of carvedilol based on routine treatment can significantly improve therapeutic effect of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy and heart failure.


The finite nuclear size corrections to the relativistic recoil effect in H-like ions are calculated within the Breit approximation. The calculations are performed for the 1s, 2s, and 2p1/2 states in the range Z = 1–110. The obtained results are compared with previous evaluations of this effect. It is found that for heavy ions the previously neglected corrections amount to about 20% of the total nuclear size contribution to the recoil effect calculated within the Breit approximation.


The Hadamard product parametrization (HPP), together with the profile LASSO, are combined to achieve sparse signal recovery in signal process. Compared with the tail-ℓ1 min-imization algorithm, the tail Hadamard product parametrization (tail-HPP) algorithm can obtain faster signal reconstruction speed and higher signal recovery accuracy. In numerical experiments, the proposed tail Hadamard product parametrization algorithm achieves excellent sparse signal estimation performance, which forcefully shows that the tail Hadamard product parametrization algorithm is a promising method for compressed sensing.


This paper tests the compromising mechanism between corporate FDI motives and host governments' FDI policy instruments; as well as the process of reaching a compromise for the appropriate investment incentive between the incentive beneficiary and the incentive provider. To test this empirically, this paper uses multidimensional scaling analysis and multivariate regression models to analyse 195 cases of survey data. The empirical results found strong matching combinations for: efficiency-seeking motive and fiscal incentive, market-seeking motive and market preference incentive, and capability-seeking motive and financial incentive. Moreover, whilst host governments tend to be the most ill disposed towards providing market preference incentives to foreign investors, they are most favourable to adopting financial incentive policies.


Osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by low grade inflammation leading to progressive degenerative changes in articular cartilage (Morenko et al., 2004). Joint mobility is reduced owing to pain and swelling of affected area. Severity of OA depends on type of inducer that may be chemical, enzymatic or surgical. Cartilage metabolic disturbances lead to destabilization and degeneration. Clinical manifestations of OA include softening, fibrillation, ulceration, sclerosis, bone eburnation, osteophytes and sub-chondral cysts formation (Fernihough et al., 2004). Pain leading to joint immobilization is prominent manifestation of this chronic malady (Khan et al., 2012). Initially, soft swelling can be observed on affected joints which later on subside with the progression of diseases. Crackling sounds from affected joints during walking and standing (Brandt et al., 2009). Mostly, treatment of OA is done focusing the symptom of pain and joint dysfunction (Flood, 2010). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS), opiates, corticosteroids and nutraceuticals are conventional therapeutics for OA (Sofat et al., 2011). Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are long un-branched polysaccharides of repeating disaccharide units abundantly present in connective tissues, vitreous humor, synovial fluid, mast cells and predominately in cartilages. The major constituents are chondroitin sulphate, dermatan sulphate, heparin/heparansulphate, glucosamine and hyaluronic acid. Among these, glucosamine sulphate (GS) and chondroitin sulphate (CS) are more effective and safe therapeutic agents for OA (Miller and Clegg, 2010). CS and GS stimulate chondrocyte synthesis of collagen (Adams et al., 2013). Concurrent use of CS and GS increase synthesis of cartilage matrix and decrease progression of OA which ultimately reduces signs and symptoms of disease. In present study, efficacy of glycosaminoglycans on clinical signs of osteoarthritis and C-terminal telopeptides of type II collagen (CTX-II) was evaluated in papain induced OA albino rat model.


The closed-loop phase behavior, where a lower disorder-to-order transition (LDOT) takes place first, followed by an upper order-to-disorder transition (UODT) upon heating, is seldom observed in block copolymers (BCPs). In this work, we prepared a model BCP, LiClO4-doped poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(tert-butyl acrylate-co-acrylic acid) (PEO-b-P(tBA-co-AA)), in which the hydrogen (H)-bonding between the PEO and AA units and the Coulombic interaction in salt-doped PEO block have opposite effects on the miscibility of BCPs. The relative strength of the H-bonding and Coulombic interaction can be easily tuned by the hydrolysis degree (DH) of the PtBA block and the amount of doped salt. Various phase behaviors are observed by changing relative strength of different forces. Especially, the closed-loop phase behavior can be achieved when H-bonding, Coulombic interaction, and mixing entropy reach a delicate balance.


The research is aimed to find out how the performance of the management is measured by using Balanced Scorecard method from each perspective in order to be align with the vision, mission and company strategies. This research has been conducted at PT. Karya Manunggal Jati. The research method is descriptive qualitative. The result of the research shows that the implementation of Strategy Map which is illustrated in Figure 3 and performance measurement by using the balanced scorecard has good constribution to the company with the financial perspective which has been proven by the realization of 2012, 2013 and 2014 financial perspective, Return on Investment (ROI) of 11.12%, 10.90% and 17.56%, Profit Margin on Sales of 1.36%, 1.47% and 2.54% and Sales Growth Rate of 12.35% and 5.40%, Meanwhile, the customer perspective shows 66.7% is stated to be good, that the evidences of the survey which have been realized in 2012, 2013 and 2014, Customer Retention of 5.9%, 6.25% and 6.67%; Number of New Customers of 19,44%, 6,98% dan 10,87%. Number of complaint of 2.1%, 0.15% and 0.06%, For perspective, the internal business process has been proven by the 2012, 2013 and 2014 realization, On Time Delivery of 99.91%, 99.94% and 99.50%. It can be concluded that with the implementation of the Balance Scorecard so it is synchronized with the vision and mission of the organization. Keywords: Performance measurement, balanced scorecard, strategy map.


In 1975 and 1976, Whitfield Diffie and Martin Hellman conceived and introduced fundamental new methods that changed how communications are secured. Their landmark paper "New Directions in Cryptography" explained both public key cryptography and what would become known as Diffie-Hellman key exchange. These ideas, influenced and augmented by a few souls within a small community, set the world on a new course by establishing novel cryptographic techniques for protecting information transmitted over untrusted channels. Our aim herein is to consider how public key cryptography has changed the world, and in particular its impact on society. We review the original contributions of Diffie and Hellman, and provide context to relate these to pre-existing and subsequent cryptographic techniques. Aided by this understanding, we connect their contributions to resulting major changes in society. To retain accessibility for non-specialists, our treatment largely avoids mathematical details, while selectively introducing technical terms to maintain technical accuracy. 1 Security background We begin with some basic concepts and terminology to develop a working vocabulary. When information is transmitted over a physical channel (physical line) such as a traditional phone line, cable, or optical fibre, the line may be physically shielded or isolated, to reduce the risk of unauthorized access such as by a physical wiretap. If such a communication channel is accessible to unintended parties, it is called an open or untrusted channel. In general, ordinary information (plaintext) sent over untrusted channels is at risk of interception. For example, plaintext sent over a radio channel is accessible to anyone with a suitable wireless receiver. A common defense is to convert plaintext characters into a related sequence of characters (ciphertext) that are not meaningful even if intercepted. To do so, at the sender's end a sequence of instructions (called an encryption algorithm) is used to convert plaintext to ciphertext, which is then transmitted. To recover the plaintext, the operation is reversed at the receiver's end by a decryption algorithm. In this way, encryption provides a confidentiality property, whereby the meaningful content is available only to authorized parties. Unauthorized parties cannot recover the plaintext because the encryption and decryption algorithms require a secret number, which may be viewed as a random string of 0s and 1s; 128 of these would be called a 128-bit cryptographic key. The aim is that only the sender and recipient (i.e., their computing devices) share this secret key.1 Historically, decryption requires the same key as used for encryption; in this case we use the terms symmetric-key algorithms and symmetric keys. Distinct from confidentiality or secrecy is the concept of authentication. The ability to recognize individuals (entity authentication) is taken for granted in human-to-human interactions, but more challenging in written communications. (Can you be sure that the postcard you have received is legitimately from your sister?) To provide a modest degree of authentication beyond relying solely on context and semantic content, we conventionally ∗3 Nov 2020. To appear as a chapter in Democratizing Cryptography, R. Slayton (ed.), ACM Press. 1Viewing the encryption process as an algorithm, the key is a required input parameter. For a given plaintext message, a different key results in a different ciphertext.


types including Ohtahara syndrome, West syndrome, and autism, collectively referred as STXBP1 encephalopathy. This study aimed to expand our understanding of the genotype–phenotype spectrum of STXBP1 encephalopathy in the Korean pediatric population. Methods: Ten patients with STXBP1 mutations were enrolled for a retrospective chart review. The patients were investigated for developmental delay of unknown cause and epileptic encephalopathy at a single center. Results: Ten different STXBP1 mutations were identified. Three mutations had not previously been reported (c.1212A>C, c.1497C>G, c1030-2A>G). Eight patients showed early-onset epileptic encephalopathy as the main feature, while the main feature was developmental delay and non-epileptic movements in two patients. The most commonly seen electroencephalographic change was focal/ multifocal epileptiform discharges, which were observed in nine patients (90%). The classical burst-suppression pattern was observed in four patients, two of which evolved to show hypsarrthymia. All patients with seizures had drug-resistant epilepsy. The patients suffered from severe developmental delay regardless of seizure frequency. Six patients showed an associated movement disorder or behavioral disorder. Conclusion: This study describes the STXBP1 encephalopathy patients in Korean pediatric population, further expanding knowledge of its phenotype spectrum.


Our goal is to reconstruct the epicardial potentials (EPs) from measured body surface potentials. This non-invasive technique is useful for the diagnostics of cardio-vascular diseases. In our approach, the time-correlation between EPs is used as the regularizing a priori information. This information is introduced via the state-space representation previously proposed. Our contribution is the derivation of maximum likelihood estimators for identification of the parameters of the state-space model, and in a second stage, for determination of the EPs. Therefore, all unknown quantities are determined from the only available data: the body surface potentials.


Furazan N-oxides with a strained ring bridging the 3- and 4-positions are progressively deoxygenated by trialkyl phosphites, forming furazans, which can in some cases be isolated, and dinitriles. Heating in the presence of an acetylene forms bis(nitrile oxide) adducts (isoxazoles), with the more highly-strained types.


The paper briefly reviews the change of injection parameters when converting to methylfuel in diesel engine operation. Brief consideration is given to the effects that increased alcohol fuel compressibility, as well as its lower heating value, may have on fuelling, injection rate, injection pressure and injection duration.


Advanced accounting at Florida International University is a senior level course for accounting majors. Ethics and the problems that the accounting profession has encountered in recent years is part of the curriculum. There is a comprehensive exam given on business combinations near the end of the course. A student must pass this exam if (s)he expects to pass the course. There were many factors that indicated that there was a breach in the exam. After an investigation, this proved to be correct. Even with hard evidence, the University did not want to take a strong stance on its Code of Misconduct. The University attorney feared a lawsuit and would not allow the students to be prosecuted through the University's Misconduct Board nor was he willing to resolve it through an informal process.


This paper develops a new method for solving both equity premium and risk free rate puzzles based on the standard utility function. The method for solving the equity premium puzzle in accordance with Mehra and Prescott (1985) needs to be simultaneously consistent with the method for solving the risk-free rate puzzle presented by Weil (1989). That is, the reasonable estimated values for the degree of relative risk aversion in the former solution and for the subjective discount rate in the latter solution need to plausibly fall within experiential bounds. This study indicates that a consistent solution is possible for the equity premium and risk-free rate puzzles even when there is a standard constant relative risk aversion (CRRA) type utility function. This solution is possible by formularizing the Euler equation for consumption, considering the precautionary saving effect.


Powder characteristics and granule morphology of steel slag cooled by water-quenching and air splashing were observed with SEM and their rest angle, compressed density and mechanical characteristics were measured. The result shows that particle sphericity of air splashing steel slag is lower than that of water-quenching steel slag. A compressive stress has a more effective on the deaggregation of water-quenching steel slag powder. Both of the two steel slag powders are typical Coulomb powder. Compared with the water-quenching steel slag powder, air splashing steel slag powder has a higher internal friction angle and cohesiveness. The cementitious activity of BOFS Powder can only meets the standard of the second grade powder according to the Chinese National Standards.


The author describes the concepts and contents of the work of a contemporary young American scholar studying the mediaeval history of Rus'. The article supports the main idea of the work in question, i.e. that at the time Kievan Rus' was an integral part of Europe, which is proved by the similarity of the Russian and European social, ideological, and political systems after 988.


The present contribution was perfonned in the managed floristic Resources Protected Area of Loma La Coca, Havana province. Comparative analysis of the more relevant indices of biodiversity was made in 5 plots of the 2 existing vegetation patches with different anthropogenic degrees in this area. The value of these indices obtained by the Biodiv software v e r 5 0 (Baev and Penev 1995) were understood as health indicator in these ecosystems when they were analyzed jointly with forest structure, floristic composition and presence of endemic species. Indices of proportional abundance and species evenness were calculated (Simpson's reciprocal, Shannon, Variance of Shannon, Brillouin, evenness of Brillouin and Pielou Berger Parker and Menihinick Although this reserve posses great natural values, these vegetation patches show different degrees of disturbance of the ecosystems present, going from the presence of spiny xeromorphic s h b forest (cuabal) with a good ecosystem's health at El Boticario until savanna vegetation with some elements of the fonner ecosystem in Aranguren.


An eukaryotic vector containing the full—length Hepatitis C virus(HCV)gene,pCi—HCV,was successfully constructed in this study.After~ansfected into HepG2 cells.it Was revealed to expleSS HCV C and NS3 proteins in the cloned cells by immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry as Say respectively.It could be used for the experiments of the construction of HCV transgenic cellular model and the further study on the replication of HCV through cDNA.


An experiment was conducted consecutively for three years from rabi 2012–13 to 2014–15 at Rajasthan Agricultural Research Institute, Durgapura, Jaipur to find out the effect of dates of sowing on two and six-rowed barley varieties under changing climatic conditions in semi-arid eastern plain zone of Rajasthan. The experiment was conducted with four dates of sowing i. e. 26th Oct.-5th Nov. (D1), 6th-15th Nov. (D2), 16th-25th Nov. (D3) and 26th Nov.-5th Dec. (D4) and four barley varieties i. e. BH 902 & RD 2552 (six-rowed) and DWRUB 52 & RD 2668 (two-rowed). These treatment combinations were tested under split plot design with three replications. The data indicated that significantly higher grain and straw yields were obtained with early planting date i. e. 6th to 15th Nov. (D2) followed by 26th Oct. to 5th Nov. (D1) than that of late planting dates for all genotypes during all the years. Effective tillers/sq. m, 1000-grain weight and grains/spike were also higher in early planting date i. e. 6th to 15 Nov. (D2) than that of late planting date during all the years. Amongst the varieties, BH 902 & RD 2552 (six-rowed barley) gave significantly higher grain and straw yields during all the years as compared to DWRUB 64 & RD 2668 (two-rowed barley). Effective tillers/sq. m and grains/spike were also higher, while 1000grain weight was lower with six-rowed barley during all the years as compared to tworowed barley.


The sulfamide functional group has been extensively employed in organic synthesis to discover probes and drugs in various applications such as cancer, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), virus, and diabetes. Herein, we describe the synthesis of 7-membered symmetric and unsymmetric sulfamide compounds and their biological evaluation through the National Cancer Institute (NCI) panel of 60 human tumor cell lines (NCI-60) and the mechanism of action study. The results of a study from the NCI-60 cell line exhibited that many synthesized cyclic sulfamide compounds inhibited breast cancer (MDA-MB-468). The mechanism of action study of a representative compound 18 showed the inhibition of proliferation and apoptosis in A549 lung cancer cells.


This volume reflects the perspectives of a diverse group of primary stakeholders interested in responsible gambling activities and programs. It also marks a watershed moment in the activities of the International Group on Responsible Gambling. The Reno Model, introduced by Blaszczynski, Ladouceur, and Shaffer in 2004, has provided the seminal architecture for understanding, creating, and implementing responsible gambling activities and programs. This model stimulated considerable interest and growth of responsible gambling activities around the world. This development contributed to the establishment of the editors' international working group on responsible gambling—and the need to bring together a variety of divergent perspectives associated with responsible gambling. Stakeholders often overlook these viewpoints, protect a narrow view of responsible gambling, and avoid the scientific evidence associated with responsible gambling. Consequently, the primary purpose of this book is to discuss and formulate guidelines, elaborate principles, and stimulate discussion related to responsible gambling policies and activities. In addition, this book emphasizes the continuing need to empirically evaluate the efficacy, reach, and influence of responsible gambling activities. The contents of this volume represent the viewpoints of key stakeholders who are vested with the obligation to minimize harm and protect consumers (e.g., regulators, governments, academics, clinicians, individuals, gamblers, and the general community). This first-of-its-kind book provides an overall summary of the respective viewpoints, insights, and critical but constructive suggestions relevant to advancing the aims and objectives of responsible gambling.


Grids consist of multiple dispersed resources, capable of the collaborative execution of large tasks. Due to their size, modelling the scheduling and dimensioning problems for these Grids using classical approaches such as Integer Linear Programs or Queueing Network analysis yields intractable problems even for moderate Grid sizes. This intractability can be removed in part by abstracting from the individual tasks to an arbitrarily divisible workload, to be scheduled on a steady-state Grid. Here we show how this divisible load paradigm can be applied to the scheduling of tasks with complex resource requirements and to the dimensioning of new Grids. Keywords— Grid, Scheduling, Dimensioning, Divisible


To investigate the observed absorption of the 2 0 →3 −1 E transition of CH 3 OH at 12.2 MHz against the 2.7-K microwave background, statistical equilibrium calculations involving radiative transitions, collisional transitions, and photon trapping have been carried out for the lowest 69 rotational levels of E-species CH 3 OH. The results show that population anti-inversion of the transition is a combined effect of spontaneous transitions and non-dominating collisional excitation. For molecular clouds not associated with continuum emission, stronger absorption at the transition is expected from warmer clouds (kinetic temperature ≥30 K)


Salinity stress is known for adverse effect on plants. Priming with salicylic acid was able to improve plant performance under salinity stress. This study aimed to determine the effect of priming duration with salicylic acid on growth, leaf anatomy and the optimal priming duration for sweet corn seedlings (Zea mays L.) under salinity stress. The experiment was based on Completely Randomized Design with two factors and five replications. The first factor was priming duration with salicylic acid (2 mM) with four different durations (0, 12, 18 and 24 h). The second factor was the level of salinity (NaCl 0% and 3%). Parameters observed were germination percentage, plant height, root length, fresh weight, dry weight, chlorophyll content, leaf proline content, leaf anatomy and stomatal density. Data were analyzed with t-test, ANOVA and followed by Duncan's test at 95% confidence level. The results showed that 18-h priming duration observed as the highest germination percentage which was 7% higher than control.  Priming for 24 h showed phytotoxic effect for sweet corn on the germination phase by reducing the percentage of germination. The application of salicylic acid mitigated the toxic effects of NaCl stress on maize seedlings and considerably improved root and shoot growth, photosynthetic pigments, fresh weight, dry weight, proline content, and stomatal density, as well as could maintaining the leaf anatomy. The optimal priming duration with salicylic acid for sweet corn seedlings under 3 % salinity was 18 h.


The work generates theoretical connections between art history, science - empirical experience,and popular culture. Landscape is used as a medium and process to explore these connections. - landscape appreciation and its origins - the coloniser within the landscape (while landscape seems to be complicit with the colonising force, the land itself often underminds it) - landscape and coloniser as cyborg (an organic core with a 'man-made' chassis).


Metamorphic minerals are widely developed in Laoling Group of southern Jilin Province.Based on a detailed analysis of the metamorphic minerals in rock samples,the authors hold that the main minerals in lower sub-group of Laoling Group can be divided into two generations:M1 and M2,which represent two metamorphic stages.Researches on metamorphic assemblage,distribution characteristics and division of metamorphic facies show that M1 is characterized by low-to-moderate temperature regional dynamic heat flow metamorphism which can be divided into two metamorphic facies:lower greenschist facies and high greenschist facies.By contrast,M2 is represented by local thermal metamorphism which can be divided into three metamorphic facies:lower greenschist facies,high greenschist facies and lower amphibolitic facies.Comprehensive studies show that metamorphism of the sub-group of Laoling Group in southern Jilin Province is characterized by reduction of influencing area and decrease of intensity from early to late.This tendency suggests hat the earth's crust became stable in Paleo Proterozoic.


Abstract The interaction of LIX63, primarily 5,8-diethyl-7-hydroxy-6-diodecanone oxime, with copper in sulphate media has been studied by E.S.R. spectroscopy. The results confirm that at a ligand to copper ratio of approximately 2:1 a monomeric complex, Cu(LIX63)2, is formed. At lower ligand to metal ratios, a polymeric, E.S.R. silent species is formed. These results confirm those obtained from equilibrium studies.


Ideally, classical counseling is carried out so that students are active, creative and enthusiastic in the learning process according to the demands of the 2013 curriculum. In fact, counseling teachers still provide services using the lecture method, so students go in and out of learning, lie down, talk to friends and others. From interviews with counseling teachers, counseling teachers often perceive the provision of classical services by students as boring and useless lectures, and many students are not interested in taking classical services. The purpose of this study was to see how "Perceptions of Class VII Students Against Classical Guidance Services at SMP Negeri 26 Padang". This type of research is a descriptive study using quantitative methods. The population of this research was 239 students of class VII at SMP Negeri 26 Padang, and the sample of this research was 149 students who were selected by using proportional random sampling technique. Collecting data using a questionnaire about the perceptions of grade VII students towards classical guidance services at SMP Negeri 26 Padang Likert scale model. Data analysis using the percentage formula. The results of the study revealed that: (1) The opening of services by BK teachers was in the very good category. (2) The use of methods by BK teachers is in the good category. (3) The use of media by BK teachers is in the good category. (4) Guidance for counseling teachers is in the good category. (5) Conducting evaluation by BK teachers is in the very good category. (6) The time spent by counseling teachers is in the poor category. Based on the findings of this study, it is hoped that guidance and counseling teachers should be able to improve the quality of performance by being more creative and innovative in opening services, methods, media, service materials, evaluation and service time to better suit student needs.