Though activities in town planning and urban design have a long tradition in Germany, town and regional planning is a young discipline at universities in Germany. At the end of the 19th century, town planning was constituted as a specific science (Albers, 1975). It was based on other sciences, such as scientific hygiene, statistics and engineering, housing and urban research. Until World War I town planning was becoming established as a discipline through specialist periodicals, textbooks, handbooks, conferences, exhibitions as well as through institutions and planning practice.


The significance of facilities management practices in the built environment and the changing focus to include sustainability principles have been acknowledged. However, there is no consensus on the sustainability principles needed to ensure maximal benefits in the built environment. Few studies have systematically analysed and visualised the trends in facilities management sustainability research. This study thus explored facilities management research and its evolving focus over the past decade regarding sustainability. With a focus on the built environment, an exploratory study using scientometrics and content analysis was undertaken based on the extant literature from 2012 to 2022 published in the Scopus database. Keywords including "sustainable facilities management" and "built environment" were used to identify journal articles and conference papers. Interlinks were mapped and visualised using VOSviewer and complemented with findings from the content analysis. Findings showed that current research pathways centred around four clusters, including planning and implementation, community-oriented smart facilities management, innovativeness, and environmental and corporate energy management. These core research focus areas were mostly concentrated in the United Kingdom. The core researchers, institutions, funders, and sources were established. Future research gaps and directions based on knowledge areas and methodological and collaborative endeavours were highlighted. The study offers insights to facilities managers, researchers, analysts, and policymakers on the trajectory of sustainable facilities management research and the extent to which the sustainable development agenda has been embraced. The relations between SFM research and opportunities or areas of stronger focus given contemporary occurrences were identified.


This qualitative study addressed psychophysical effects on nursing workers of their role in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in internal medicine wards. Objectives: to identify facilitating factors and constraints for nursing workers of their role in CPR and examine the related psychophysical impacts on their health. The study was conducted in four clinical wards of a university hospital in Rio de Janeiro in 2008, the subjects being five male nurses and 12 nursing auxiliaries. A semi-structured interview was applied and the information analyzed by the content analysis method. The results pointed to a gap between prescribed and actual work. Several psychophysical repercussions were perceived: irritability, anxiety, fatigue, and lower back pain. There is considered to be a nee d to discuss, evaluate and intervene in the work process so that the CPR activity is operationalized better with less adverse impact on workers' health.


In order to make land use plan, in city and rural plan, which is in harmony with planning region, land evaluation map is necessary. However, research on land evaluation has just been started. In this situation, it is the purpose of this paper to propose a method of land evaluation in the second type of land use plan.Before going into the main argument, the propositions concerning to area evaluation, which include the meaning of evaluation, evaluation capacity of human beings and measures of impartiality, are discussed. Then the measure of evaluation for area evaluation is adopted from the basis of capacity of human beings.The main purpose of this paper lies in the introduction of "area evaluation function", which means the relation between the above mentioned evaluation measure by human beings and elements of each area. The function is expressed as follows, in the form of quantification theory, here, In a town, Shinasahi-cho, Siga-prefecture, the evaluation coefficients are determined from the sample areas and the weights of elements for evaluation are discussed.Then the estimated values of areas from the determined evaluation function are calculated and mapped in mesh.


An enantioselective magnesium-catalyzed conjugate addition of trimethylsilyl cyanide to chalcones in the presence of Py-BINMOL with multiple stereogenic centers, through dual activation of substrates, has been successfully developed with moderate to good enantioselectivities and in good yields.


The most important consideration in performing a parotidectomy is to accurately identify the facial nerve and preserve its function. There are various descriptions of the location and branching types of the facial nerve trunk. During parotid surgery, knowledge about the incidence and prognostic aspects of facial nerve involvement caused by parotid tumors is necessary. The extent of dissection and the method of anatomical tissue separation will be determined not only by anatomical variations of the facial nerve, but also by the size and location of the tumor Invasion of the facial nerve in parotid malignancies is one of the most significant factors affecting prognosis, which may require radical parotidectomy for proper treatment. Surgical resection remains the mainstay of treatment for cancer of the parotid gland, and there is general agreement that facial nerve should not be sacrificed unless the tumor is adherent to, or surrounds the nerve. The following statement describes general principles of troublesome management of the facial nerve during surgery for parotid tumor.


This work describes the application of raw and chemically modified cellulose and sugarcane bagasse for ipso-hydroxylation of aryl boronic acids in environmentally friendly reaction conditions. The catalytic efficiency of five support-[Cu] materials was compared in forming phenols from aryl boronic acids. Our investigation highlights that the CEDA-[Cu] material (6-deoxy-6-aminoethyleneamino cellulose loaded with Cu) leads to the best results under very mild reaction conditions. The optimized catalytic sequence, allowing a facile transformation of boronic acids to phenols, required the mandatory and joint presence of the support, Cu2O, and KOH at room temperature. CEDA-[Cu] was characterized using 13C solid-state NMR, ICP, and FTIR. The use of CEDA-[Cu] accounts for the efficacious synthesis of variously substituted phenol derivatives and presents very good recyclability after five catalytic cycles.


An opportunity to be part of the best organised walk in Midlothian; Walk the Line returns on Saturday 24 September (starts 11.15am) and registrations are now being accepted for the event.


The primary purpose of the multispectral neutron logging project is to assess the effectiveness of applying of neutron-induced spectral gamma-ray logging techniques to map environmental contaminants along boreholes, to adapt the technology to further improve this capability, and to transfer that technology to industry. Multispectral neutron logging instruments use a pulsed 14-MeV neutron source and a high-purity germanium detector to detect discrete energy gamma rays from thermal neutron capture reactions. These discrete energy gamma rays are used to identify and estimate the concentration of nuclides in the formation. This type of technique is potentially useful for environmental restoration, where characterization of contaminated sites is required before cleanup can begin and where long-term monitoring is needed for many years following cleanup or stabilization. Nuclear borehole logging techniques have advantages and disadvantages that are complementary to those of physical sampling, which can help address some of the drawbacks of physical sampling. These drawbacks include high costs, lengthy delays in obtaining results of analyses from overburdened laboratories, undersampling, sample handling problems, and ambiguity in long-term monitoring.


BACKGROUND
Angiotensin-converting-enzyme-inhibitors (ACEIs) and/or angiotensin-receptor-blockers (ARBs) are recommended by guidelines as first-line antihypertensive therapies in the general population or in patients with earlier stages of kidney disease. However, the cardioprotective benefit of these agents among patients on dialysis remains uncertain.

METHODS
We searched Medline/PubMed and Cochrane database of clinical trials from inception through February 2022 to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the efficacy of ACEIs/ARBs relative to placebo or no add-on treatment in patients receiving dialysis. RCTs were eligible in quantitative data synthesis, if they were assessing fatal or non-fatal cardiovascular events as a primary efficacy endpoint.

RESULTS
We identified 5 RCTs involving 1582 dialysis patients. Compared with placebo or no add-on treatment, the use of ACEIs/ARBs was not associated with a significantly lower risk of cardiovascular events [risk ratio (RR): 0.79; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.57-1.11]. Furthermore, there was no benefit on cardiovascular mortality (RR: 0.82; 95% CI: 0.59-1.14) and all-cause mortality (RR: 0.86; 95% CI: 0.64-1.15). These results were consistent, when the included RCTs were stratified by subgroups: hypertension, ethnicity, sample size, duration of follow-up and quality.

CONCLUSION
The present meta-analysis showed that among patients on dialysis, the use of ACEIs/ARBs is not associated with a significantly lower risk of cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality as compared with placebo or no add-on treatment.


this Benston-Bell-Murphy approach to analyzing costs, a financial institution is viewed as a series of physical production processes. Cost functions, in this approach, are derived from a Cobb-Douglas production function; costs are not related directly to the financial characteristics of the institution.


Abstract : The report describes a three-directional load transducer to be used for measuring loads in tent tie downs. Included in the report are mechanical descriptions of the parts of the transducer and their functions, a method for determining approximate transducer sensitivity, a discussion of bridge wiring, calibration procedures, and the results of the calibration. An appendix presents raw calibration data.


The measurement uncertainty for the determination of copper in milk powder by AAS is evaluated.In order to find the main factors,many possible sources of measurement uncertainty in this measurement are analyzed,and a mathematical model is established.The evaluation indicates that the major source of uncertainty is the uncertainty of recovery and standard curve.


PURPOSE: A method for selecting and combining up-link frame data in an IMT-2000(International Mobile Telecommunication-2000) vocoder is provided to improve the reliability of a transport layer by selecting and combining only TBs(Transport Blocks) of a good quality and transmitting the combined TB to an upper layer by using a QE(Quality Estimate) included in an up-link frame received through each BTS(Base station Transceiver Subsystem) and a CRCI(Cyclic Redundancy Check Indicator) about each TB. CONSTITUTION: An IMT-2000 vocoder receives a plurality of up-link frames through a corresponding BTS from one busy subscriber terminal in a boundary area of a plurality of BTSs, and temporarily stores a plurality of up-link frames in frame buffers corresponding to each up-link frame(S31). The IMT-2000 vocoder checks a payload of each up-link frame stored in each frame buffer and successively a payload checksum field in the up-link frame stored in each frame buffer for selecting a good frame(S32). The IMT-2000 vocoder confirms whether an up-link frame with a good payload exists(S33). If the up-link frame with the good payload exists, the IMT-2000 vocoder copies the corresponding up-link frame to a combination buffer(S34). The IMT-2000 vocoder transmits the up-line frame copied in the combination buffer to an upper layer(S35).


Through the test of field intensity, power and the S21 of reverberation chamber, the Q value and the independent sampling points with absorbing material loaded in different positions are calculated in this paper, and the result show that as the loading position varies the parameters of reverberation chamber mentioned above differ. And this paper presents the method of using network analyzer and electro-optical conversion equipment to test the laws of coaxial cable coupling. The impact of loadings on coaxial cable coupling is also analyzed.


The real-time monitoring of vehicles velocity has become essential for traffic safety. Since Traffic control is one of the largest challenges in cities and metros. Therefore, in turn to improve the method of monitoring the velocity of vehicles on road, this paper has designed a new radar based velocity measuring system which is based on ARM processor. This system uses the Doppler principle and spectral estimation FFT algorithm, in its hardware design part, and it takes full use of the underlying resources of ARM processor. The implementation of digital processor portion of the RADAR velocity measuring system is prototyped on ARM7 TDMI based LPC2148 microcontroller. The project aims to evolve a low cost DSP solution for such applications. The radar signal pretreatment block address all the issues involved with RADAR signal and finally generate the Doppler shift component, and it will be applied to ADC input of the ARM microcontroller. After analog to digital conversion FFT will be computed to find the frequency of the input signal. As the ARM7 doesn't have any DSP blocks, for implementing FFT we develop routines in C. In the final stage of velocity computation the velocity is calculated based on the measured frequency component. The measured result will be displayed on LCD and the spectrum of the frequency will be sent to PC through serial port. The ARM7TDMI-NXP's LPC2148 microcontroller is used for this task. Index Terms - ARM, Doppler effect, FFT algorithm Radar, Velocity-Measuring.


Industrialization process that happens in Europe during 18 th to 19 th century brought a lot of changes on the society. The change is that there is a new gap inside the society between the new born capital owners and the proletariat. The gap causes by the changes followed by the practice of exploitation of working class while also followed by the oppression from state and the rise of New Imperialism. These problems lay a ground work for many resistances thought that seek to liberate the people and oppressed nations from exploitation one of them is the prominent idea of Marxism. Marxism that was born in 19 th century from works of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels later got many followers including the prominent Russian revolutionary, Vladimir Lenin who led the succsessfull Bolshevik Revolution in 1917 giving birth to world first proletarian state. Lenin lay a ground work for Leninism the developing theory of Marxism and later become known as Marxism-Leninism. From there, rise two prominent figure that later contributed in more development of Marxism-Leninism, these are Joseph Stalin and Leon Trotsky. Both of them lay a ground work for more development ideas on field of Marxist-Leninist but also struggled against each other as both having a different method and approach on interpretation of Marxism-Leninism though their contribution give rise to development on the implementation of Marxist-Leninist Theory.


Abstract The elastic siffness constants Cn, C33, C44 and C66 of LiKSO4 have been measured in the temperature range 190 K to 300 K, by the ultrasonic pulse echo overlap method. The time dependence of the elastic constant C11 at 200 K showed that there are at least two relaxation times involved in the phase transition process. The first one is (15 ± 4) min. While the second one is (12 ± 2) h.


Recent advances in mobile and wireless technology have affected many areas of our lives, including the way we communicate, and how we interact and collaborate. Along with this, we have also witnessed a rapid increase in the mobility of people, thanks to faster transportation methods, simplified connections, and shorter commute times. These developments mean that studying the technological impact of mobile ad hoc and sensor networking now also requires studying aspects of social and human mobility. Mobile and wireless networking now involves people with networked sensors, mobile devices, and sensing context. The performance of each system then also depends on how people interact with these systems.


Objective To understand the mental health status in officers and soldiers who attend the non-war military and research on the effect of psychological service for them in order to provide a scientific basis for psychological service for the staff carrying out the non-war military operations. Methods Two tests were conducted with the Symptom Checklist-90( SCL-90) in officers and soldiers who attend the non-war military,all factorsscores counted and compared with soldier norm,and analyzed the effect of psychological service for officers and soldiers mental health who attend the non-war military operations. Results The scores of three factors( somatization,depression,anxiety) were higher than soldier norm( P 0. 01),the scores of interpersonal sensitivity and hostility were higher than soldier norm( P 0. 05),the scores of paranoid was lower than soldier norm( P 0. 05),the other factors were non-significantly difference than soldier norm( P 0. 05). After the psychological service,the scores of somatization of was significantly lower than ahead and the scores of three factors( interpersonal sensitivity,depression,anxiety) were significantly higher than soldier norm( P 0. 01).The other factors were non-significantly difference between ahead and after of psychological service( P 0. 05). Conclusion The mental health states of officers and soldiers who attend the non-war military are lower than genera soldiers. The psychological service can utility improve the mental health of officers and soldiers who attend the non-war military and provide for powerful support to satisfactory accomplish the task.


One of hot research issues of VR is to develop training system. In this article, we described the system design, the plan of function module, programming environment, system construction in detail. One data construction of function-module-oriented was used to serve the combination between VR and equipment service.


Standardized Patients (SPs) are lay persons who are employed extensively within health professional education to help teach and assess a range of clinical skills. Individuals trained to take on the physical, historical and emotional aspects of patient stories are integral to the dissemination of collective attitudes, values, and beliefs about what it means to be a competent health professional. As an embodied affective presence literally in front of and often in physical contact with health professionals SPs are a fertile site of knowledge production as well as transformative learning. Their unique contribution is a corollary of both their location as non-clinicians and their pedagogical facility with embodied emotions and affect. SPs in medical education teach about emotion and affect, engage affectively in the presentation of clinical material and as a professionalizing group have developed an


Slawomir Maslon The Loom of the Land The essay endeavours to show that the problems encountered while attempting to determine the ontological status of The Manuscript Found in Saragossa (the original text does not exist; what is taken for it is a compilation of fragments in various languages) have a wider significance than merely a textological one. The way the fragments of the text reflect each other making the position of an interpreter very uncomfortable is reflected in the problems the main protagonist of the novel has with ascertaining the nature of reality he encounters in Sierra Morena, which is being constructed for him by means of multiple stories he is told during his journey and of which the novel mainly consists. Because these narrations cannot be classified as either cunning fictions or true renditions of reality, the status of the experience taking place becomes ever more problematic. Taking into account the structural impossibility of the all-encompassing perspective inscribed the novel, the essay tries to show that the status of the reality and the narratives presented in the text is very different from what is finally presented to the protagonist as the true interpretation of the events. Relying on "truths" whose origin is the discourse of the King and the Church, the interpretation attempts to "explain" the space which extends beyond such authority using categories which are not applicable to it. This space is also the space of narration as literary practice.


The phase formation, structural and electrical properties of thin Ru-Al alloy films prepared on LGS (La3Ga5SiO14) and CTGS (Ca3TaGa3Si2O14) as well as on Si/SiO2(reference) substrates are analyzed for samples prepared at room temperature and after annealing for 10 h in high vacuum at 600 °C and 800 °C. The physical characterization reveals a strong dependence of the film quality on the chosen substrate. While the RuAl phase is clearly formed on the Si/SiO2 reference substrate, the phase is not stable on LGS and only weakly formed on CTGS due to a substrate decomposition effect and related Ga and O diffusion into the RuAl film.


The early detection Alzheimer's disease is an important challenge. Using blind source separation, wavelet time-frequency transforms and "bump modeling" of electro-encephalographic (EEG) recordings, a set of features describing the recordings of mildly impaired patients and of controls subject is built. Feature selection by the random probe method leads to the selection of a few reliable features, which are fed to a neural network classifier. This leads to a sizeable performance improvement over detection results previously published on the same data.


This article argues that Cigoli's ecorche (1600), which exemplified a new naturalistic approach to the depiction of the human body, should be seen in relation to the works of Giambologna and other Flemish emigre sculptors active in Florence. Paralleling the naturalism in sacred imagery increasingly expected by post-Tridentine theorists, Cigoli, with his new teaching aid, sought to reform practices in the recently founded Accademia del Disegno. Yet Cigoli's ecorche was partially indebted to sculptures by one of the Accademia's founding members, Giambologna, specifically his bronze animals, themselves at the intersection of art and science. Unlike Giambologna, however, Cigoli insisted that human figures, not only birds or horses, should be rendered with the utmost verisimilitude. By virtue of its naturalistic pose and scientific accuracy, Cigoli's ecorche seems more 'life-like' than the contorted and less refined scorticati of Willem van Tetrode and Pietro Francavilla; indeed, it would become the most popul...


The most effective approach to venous thromboembolism prophylaxis in total joint replacement remains controversial. Despite the high risk of postoperative venous thromboembolism, there also is a substantial risk of bleeding that may result from excessive anticoagulation, which can lead to a series of catastrophic events. This article compares two sets of guidelines for thromboembolism prophylaxis after total joint arthroplasty. The relative efficacy and safety of either set of guidelines are still subjects of debate in current clinical practice.


The invention new starting product, i.e. the compound 1- (6-methylpyridin-3-yl) -2- [4- (methylsulfonyl) phenyl] ethanone of the formula I and methods for their preparation for producing COX-2 inhibitors It relates to: [Formula I]


Labor market income in Brazil is extremely concentrated. Previous literature, such as Ferreira and Paes de Barros (1999) has found that the persistent rise in skill-premium explains a large part of the increasing wage-inequality. The marginal returns to higher education have increased dramatically and have generated an increasing "convexification" of the earnings function deteriorating income inequality in two ways: first by increasing the income differences between the skilled and unskilled and by severely weakening the potential income equalization that could be obtained from the higher and more equally distributed educational endowments among new cohorts of workers, Vélez, et al (2001). This paper uses the framework of Katz and Murphy (1992) and Murphy, Riddell and Romer (1998), to explain the evolution of returns to labor skills in terms of specific supply and demand changes during the last two decades –micro-data based. Our findings suggest that the substantial but asymmetric expansion of the education system in Brazil -with weaker growth of tertiary educationcombined with a steady skill-biased change in labor demand explains the increasing skill premium. Our simulations suggest that an aggressive long term expansion in the supply, ceteris paribus, reducing the skill-premium to levels observed in developed countries would lead to a 4.5 percentage points reduction in the Gini coefficient of individual labor market income. Therefore, expanding tertiary education aggressively would not only increase economic growth by investing in high return assets, but it would also mitigate wage-inequality in the long run. The great policy challenge is to find ways to expand tertiary education at reasonable marginal costs well below the current level observed in average Brazilian universitiesand with minimum burden on the public budget. 1 The authors are grateful for comments and suggestions from Mauricio Santamaria, Serguei Soares and from participants at the LAC/Prem/World Bank seminar and the 2001 IPEA/WB Seminar on Inequality and Development in Rio de Janeiro.


421 sexual experienced Dutch adolescents aged 15-19 were interviewed for a study of previous condom use attitudes subjective norms self-efficacy anticipated affective reactions and habits. Interviews were done by market research professionals. Data were analyzed by 2-stage stepwise regression analysis. 217teens were in monogamous relationships. Approximately half of those engaging in casual sex had always used condoms. Most begun sexual activity at age 16; 72% used a condom at 1st intercourse. The mean number of sexual partners was 2. Most answered factual questions about AIDS correctly. Since univariate analysis showed significant differences in 5 of 14 variables between monogamous and non-monogamous and boys and girls the data were analyzed for the 4 groups separately. In stepwise regression attitude self-efficacy frequency of intercourse and condom use at 1st intercourse explained much of the variance in the monogamous group. All were positive except for monogamous teens frequency of intercourse lowered condom use. For non-monogamous teens self-efficacy was the major predictor of condom use for girls but not for boys. As with monogamous teens condom use at 1st intercourse was significant for both sexes. In contrast with monogamous teens condom use increased with age at 1st intercourse in non-monogamous boys. These results suggest that for teens in the Netherlands more factual AIDS education is not needed but training in sexual assertiveness provision of role models and especially efforts to get young people to use condoms at their 1st intercourse would decrease risky sexual behavior.


Ivancica is one of the Croatian leading footwear manufacturer. In 2012, footwear manufacturer Ivancica implemented SAP ERP enterprise resource planning system and business intelligence (BI) solutions to optimize business processes, product quality, and process communication. However, the infrastructure for the SAP and VMware environments needed a new setup to cope with development strategy of the Ivancica company. To solve production challenges, Ivancica moved to SAP Apparel and Footwear Solutions (AFS) and migrated to SAP HANA to improve the business intelligence and reporting situation in the short run. Ivancica Ltd. company has eliminated the production slowdown, the lower revenues and long waiting times during production process by improving the IT infrastructure for SAP HANA. Later on SAP HANA will drive SAP Fashion Management Solutions (FMS), the new and extended generation of SAP AFS and other SAP applications. Ivancica footwear company is the example of the one of the most complex SAP projects in Croatia. It started with the deployment of a consolidated infrastructure that can easily support an evolving SAP environment and a growing daily output.


Based on the partially coherent optical theory, a new theoretical model is established about the x-ray light source radius of x-ray phase contrast imaging system. Through the integral phase contrast modulation transfer function, a comprehensive analysis about the light source radius is made. Then the light source radius selection methods are investigated. Finally, an actual imaging experiment is shown to confirm the choice method of light source radius in an x-ray phase contrast imaging system.


For major enterprises to fully utilize their digitally encoded information resources, computing technology must rapidly service the transactions which implement database query facilities. Since commercial computing environments normally have databases which exceed the related host processor's memory (real or virtual) by several orders of magnitude, one is encouraged to investigate methods of improving transaction throughput with more efficient buffer management algorithms. The work reported in this area suggests that buffer management software can be improved by exploiting knowledge of the underlying database reference behavior. Although a number of database reference studies have been performed over the last decade, the findings generally do not agree and appear conflicting in some cases. To address this issue, we have conducted an extensive empirical study of the database reference behavior generated by transactions operating in large commercial online DBMS environments. Our results indicate that database reference patterns span a spectrum which includes widely varying degrees of locality and sequentiality. Furthermore, transactions in such environments tend to exhibit nearly identical database reference behavior over extended periods of time. Recognizing this, we introduce a buffer management strategy, termed the resident set approach, which exploits the highly predictable database reference behavior that we observed.
To evaluate the resident set strategy, we have formulated one specific algorithm where database blocks may be selectively prefetched while buffer faults are serviced. Fetch and replacement decisions for this algorithm are guided by locality and sequentiality measures pre-computed from historical database reference traces. The algorithm strives to improve transaction throughput by reducing either space-time costs associated with the database buffer allocation, or transaction execution times. Although intuition may suggest the contrary, prefetching database blocks for sequential reference patterns was found generally not beneficial with respect to decreasing space-time costs. During sequential reference epochs, we demonstrate that space-time costs are minimized by using demand fetching with single frame buffer allocations. For computing environments rich in memory, our buffer management simulations also show that prefetching blocks related to highly sequential reference patterns can dramatically decrease transaction execution time and thereby improve throughput.


The presented paper deals with preventive on-site PD diagnostics of HV cable terminations under operation voltage using an ultra-wide-band (UWB) PD probing. In order to assess the detected PD level quantitatively as "equivalent apparent charge" a sensitivity check has been performed. The results reveal that by means of the applied method potential PD defects in GIS-cable terminations could well be recognized where a PD detection sensitivity as low as few pC was achieved


The authors describe the basic concepts, development, assembly, and qualification testing of a ceramic leaded package for high-pin-count VLSI (>200 I/Os). The design has been aimed at achieving high-speed logic, testability, and reliability for a small pitch (<25 mil) package. To improve the electrical performance, ground and voltage distributions are separated from the logic circuitry connected by the surface mounting process. At the design level, thermal exchange and mechanical strength of the package were simulated using ANSYS thermomechanical software. Testability and availability of connections for burn-in before mounting are provided by the use of 50-mil-pitch test pads interconnected to the leads. The preferred solution for external connection and test pads is provided by the use of a TAB (tab automated bonding) lead frame bonded to the ceramic package. After burn-in and test, outer test pads are separated and the package is surface mounted. The TAB lead frame provides an optimized solution. Mounting to the printed circuit board is achieved using a thermode tool or laser soldering. Qualification results and mountability tests are satisfactory.<<ETX>>


The existing generative Zero-Shot Learning (ZSL) methods only consider the unidirectional alignment from the class semantics to the visual features while ignoring the alignment from the visual features to the class semantics, which fails to construct the visual-semantic interactions well. In this paper, we propose to generate visual features based on an auto-encoder framework paired with multi-modality adversarial networks respectively for visual and semantic modalities to reinforce the visual-semantic interactions with a bidirectional alignment, which ensures the generated visual features to fit the real visual distribution and to be highly related to the semantics. The encoder aims at generating real-like visual features while the decoder forces both the real and the generated visual features to be more related to the class semantics. To further capture the discriminative information of the generated visual features, both the real and generated visual features are forced to be classified into the correct classes via a classification network. Experimental results on four benchmark datasets show that the proposed approach is particularly competitive on both the traditional ZSL and the generalized ZSL tasks.


The graphite felt heat-treated at 550 ℃in the air were investigated by FTIR. And the surface morphology of the graphite felt was observed by scanning electron microscope(SEM). It turns out that the surface area and the content of the COOH and OH functional groups of the graphite felt that heat-treated at 550 ℃ in the air for 5 h increases significantly. The Fe/Cr redox flow battery with heat-treated graphite felt electrode exhibits excellent performance at current density of 60 m A/cm2. The average current efficiency reaches 94.60%, the average voltage efficiency reaches 85.36%, and the average energy efficiency reaches 80.75%. I-V test shows that the battery charge and discharge of the internal resistance is decreased obviously, and the battery performance is stable.


Cardinality estimation has become an essential building block of modern network monitoring systems due to the increasing concerns of cyberattacks (e.g., Denial-of-Service, worm, spammer, scanner, etc.). However, the ever-increasing attack scale and the diversity of patterns (i.e., flow size distribution) will produce a biased estimation of existing solutions if apply a monotonic hypothesis for network traffic. The most representative solution is virtual HyperLogLog (vHLL), which extended the proven HLL, a single element cardinality estimation solution, to a multi-tenant version using a memory random sharing and noise elimination approach. In this paper, we show that the assumption made by vHLL's does not work for large-scale network traffic with diverse flow distributions. To resolve the issue, we propose a novel noise elimination method, called Rank Recovery-based Spread Estimator (RRSE), which is tolerant to both attack and normal traffic scenarios while using limited computation and storage. We show that our recovery function is more reliable than state-of-the-art approaches. Moreover, we implemented RRSE in a programmable switch to show the feasibility.


The invention discloses a petroleum down-hole quickly-mounted and quickly-detached cable clamp, which comprises cable clamping arms, a first movable tile and a second movable tile, wherein the cable clamping arms are used for clamping and fixing a cable on the outer wall of a petroleum well pipe; the first movable tile and the second movable tile are movably connected with the cable clamping arms and are used for closing and fastening the petroleum well pipe; and the first movable tile and the second movable tile are provided with pin holes formed by alternate fit so as to be locked in the closing and fastening state by a detachable bolt. A technical scheme that the first and second movable tiles are movably connected with the cable clamping arms and are locked in a closing and fastening state by inserting the detachable bolt into the pin holes formed by alternate fit on the first and second movable tiles is adopted, so quick detachment requirements are met, a large amount of precious time is saved for petroleum well drilling operation, and particularly for offshore petroleum platforms, high petroleum drilling cost is reduced and obvious economic benefits are created.


Renewable energy is being spotlighted as the electric power generating source for the next generation. Due to an increase in renewable energy systems in the grid system, their impact on the grid has become non-negligible. Thus, many countries in the world, including Europe, present their own grid codes for grid power conversion devices. In order to experiment with these grid codes, grid fault test equipment is required. This paper proposes both equipment and a control method, which are constructed with a 7-level cascaded H-bridge converter, that are capable of generating various grid faults. In addition, the Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) method for multilevel converters is compared and analyzed. The proposed structure, the control method, and the PWM method are verified through simulation and experimental results.


Geothermal Geodatabase for Rico Hot Springs Area and Lemon Hot Springs, Dolores and San Miguel Counties, Colorado By Richard "Rick" Zehner Geothermal Development Associates Reno Nevada USA For Flint Geothermal LLC, Denver Colorado Part of DOE Grant EE0002828 2013 This is an ESRI geodatabase version 10, together with an ESRI MXD file version 10.2 Data is in UTM Zone 13 NAD27 projection North boundary: approximately 4,215,000 South boundary: approximately 4,160,000 West boundary: approximately 216,000 East boundary: approximately 245,000 This geodatabase was built to cover several geothermal targets developed by Flint Geothermal in 2012 during a search for high-temperature systems that could be exploited for electric power development. Several of the thermal springs have geochemistry and geothermometry values indicative of high-temperature systems. In addition, the explorationists discovered a very young Climax-style molybdenum porphyry system northeast of Rico, and drilling intersected thermal waters at depth. The datasets in the geodatabase are a mixture of public domain data as well as data collected by Flint Geothermal, now being made public. It is assumed that the user has internet access, for the mxd file accesses ESRI's GIS servers. Datasets include: 1. Structural data collected by Flint Geothermal 2. Point information 3. Mines and prospectsmore » from the USGS MRDS dataset 4. Results of reconnaissance shallow (2 meter) temperature surveys 5. Air photo lineaments 6. Areas covered by travertine 7. Groundwater geochemistry 8. Land ownership in the Rico area 9. Georeferenced geologic map of the Rico Quadrangle, by Pratt et al. 10. Various 1:24,000 scale topographic maps« less


The present invention discloses a film peeling apparatus comprising: fixing means for fixing the substrate, a film layer disposed on a substrate to be peeled; peeling mechanism comprises a peeling member and the holding member from the peeling member with from at least a portion of the release film edge portion of the clamping member for clamping said film layer is peeled off, and can be moved toward a direction away from the upper layer portion is peeled off the fixing mechanism occurs relatively mobile. Accordingly, the present invention also discloses a film peeling method using the film peeling device. The present invention can improve efficiency and reduce the release film of the adhesive tape.


On August 27, 1997, U.S. Secretary of Transportation Rodney E. Slater dedicated a roadside native wildflower garden in honor of Mrs. Lyndon Johnson. The garden is located at the Church Park rest area on U.S. Route 290 near Stonewall, Texas. During her husband's administration from 1963 to 1969, Mrs. Johnson promoted efforts to protect the environment, including the Highway Beautification Act of 1965. This garden will be a model for other interpretative gardens throughout the nation as each state shows off its native wildflowers.


The Chinese community in California is the largest community in the United States. In the second half of the nineteenth century, due to a variety of push and pull factors, Chinese began immigrating to California in large numbers. Some of them later returned home, but the majority stayed and started new lives. They established their own neighborhood in San Francisco called Chinatown, where they continued to maintain their customs and traditions. Their life in the United States was not easy, as they repeatedly fell victim to white American racism and exploitation, as well as to the nativist impulse that repeatedly reared its ugly head, to the community's detriment. But through it all, the Gold Rush, the mining, the railroad construction, the Gilded Age, the Progressive Era, the Great Depression, World War II, and the rise to power of communists in China, California's Chinese community survived, laying the foundations for the vibrant, yet unique American community it is today.


This manuscript is a chapter of a high school textbook written to inform high school students about healthy bacteria. This manuscript explores good and bad bacteria, human microbiomes and the microbial benefit of breastfeeding.


Abstract Subdural hygroma is an accumulation of a cerebrospinal fluid-like fluid in the subdural space. It is a common epiphenomenon after a traumatic brain injury (TBI), but it may also occur after brain surgeries. A total of 17 patients in a prospective case series with subdural hygromas were analyzed. A male predominance (82.4%) was found. The mean age was 58.6 years. Traumatic brain injury was the main mechanism (76.5%); however, other mechanisms, such as post-craniotomy (17.6%), post-chronic subdural hematoma drainage (5.9%), and post-ventricle shunt (5.9%), were also observed. Incidental findings were diagnosed in 11.8% of the cases (mainly in elderly patients). Four patients required subdural shunt (23.5%)—all of them had TBI. Small subdural effusions were present in 35.5% of the cases. The mean time from admission to diagnosis was 6.1 days. The majority of the cases must have involved lesions of the dura–arachnoid interface since TBIs were the main causes of hygroma. The findings of incidental hygroma in elderly patients and its development after a ventricle shunt suggest that brain atrophy also plays a significant role in subdural hygroma formation.


Purpose
This paper aims to examine the design and control of a symmetric multilevel inverter (MLI) using grey wolf optimization and differential evolution algorithms.

Design/methodology/approach
The optimal modulation index along with the switching angles are calculated for an 11 level inverter. Harmonics are used to estimate the quality of output voltage and measuring the improvement of the power quality.

Findings
The simulation is carried out in MATLAB/Simulink for 11 levels of symmetric MLI and compared with the conventional inverter design. A solar photovoltaic array-based experimental setup is considered to provide the input for symmetric MLI. Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) based controller is used to provide the switching pulses for the inverter switches.

Originality/value
Attempted to develop a system with different optimization techniques.


Mobile manipulation capabilities are key to many new applications of robotics in space, underwater, construction, and service environments. This paper discusses the development of robotic "assistance" capabilities to aid workers in the accomplishment of a variety of physical operations and presents various control strategies developed for vehicle-arm coordination, compliant motion tasks, and cooperative manipulation between multiple platforms. These strategies have been implemented on two holonomic mobile platforms designed and built at Stanford in collaboration with Oak Ridge National Laboratories and Nomadic Technologies.


The objective of the present study was to investigate the role of oxygen radicals in the acute gastric mucosal injury induced by taurocholate combined with serotonin (TCA-5HT) in rats. Just after taurocholate had been given intragastrically at a dose of 30mM/rat, serotonin was injected subcutaneously at a dose of 20mg/kg. Superficial hemorrhagic erosions were observed on the glandular stomach 2h after administration of TCA-5HT. The level of lipid peroxides and that of α-tocopherol in the gastric mucosa significantly increased and decreased, respectively, with time after TCA-5HT treatment. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, an index of neutrophil infiltration, in the gastric mucosa also increased significantly. Pretreatment with the combination of recombinant human Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase (hSOD) and catalase significantly inhibited the gastric mucosal injury, accumulation of lipid peroxides, and the decrease in α-tocopherol content in the gastric mucosa. Polaprezinc, a new synthetic antioxidant, significantly inhibited gastric mucosal injury and the accumulation of lipid peroxides in the gastric mucosa. All these results suggest that oxygen radicals and lipid peroxidation are involved in the pathogenesis of the acute gastric mucosal injury induced by TCA-5HT.


An airborne spectroradiometer system developed at Columbia University has been providing new spectral data for use in remote sensing for natural resources. The system has been improved by addition of a solid state silicon detector array, and has been extended into the infrared by addition of a 64 element lead sulfide detector array. The infrared data in the 2000 to 2500nm region especially holds large potential for mineral and oil exploration.


4 INTRODUCTION 6 Background 7 DESIGN PROCESS 10 The Lab Coat and Symbolic Representation 11 Development of Historical Symbolism 13 Psychological Dynamics of the Lab Coat 17


Background: Closure of palatal fistulas requires meticulous attention to detail as well as sound understanding of relevant anatomy. Tongue flaps of various design based on defect location, size and confounding patient factors, have been proven to be effective in closing intraoral defects. Case Description: A 37 year old Hispanic female presented to our hospital with a palatal pleomorphic adenoma. After initial resection, a split thickness skin graft was performed to the operative site, and prosthesis was fabricated. The patient could not tolerate her obturator secondary to a severe gag reflex, and was left with residual 3x2cm oro-nasal defect. Reconstruction of the defect was planned with the use of an anteriorly based tongue flap due to concerns that the patient's severe gag reflex would make a traditional posteriorly based flap intolerable. Practical Implications: The purpose of this article is to describe the options available for closure of an oro-nasal fistula, and describe our use of an anteriorly based dorsal tongue flap to close a large posterior soft palate defect in a patient with a severe gag reflex. The exaggerated reflexes might have otherwise been considered a contraindication.


We experienced a rare case of anaphylactic shock probably caused by topical application of fibrin glue. A 74-year-old woman was suspected to have primary lung cancer in clinical stage IA(cT1aN0M0). After video-assisted partial resection,intraoperative rapid diagnosis was primary lung cancer. Right upper lobectomy and lymph node dissection were thus performed. The bronchial stump was covered by poly-glycolic acid sheet and fibrin glue. After spraying fibrin glue,the patient developed skin rash of the whole body and went into shock. Anaphylactic shock caused by topical application of fibrin glue was diagnosed. Immediately steroid and epinephrine were given,and poly-glycolic acid sheet and fibrin glue were removed as far as possible. Sustained venous administration of dopamine and norepinephrine was required for almost 24 hours. Drug-induced lymphocyte stimulation test revealed a highly elevated value for fibrinogen solution.


A new method of measuring across pupil transmittance variation (APTV) is proposed. APTV measurement can be performed using a grating-pinhole (GP) mask, which comprises grating stricture in a small circular area, small-sigma illumination, and common wafer process. A measurement mark consists of twelve kinds of GPs with the same duty ratio, different pitches, and different orientations. First-order beams generated at GPs with the same intensity travel through the lens and reach the wafer, in which the relative intensities of first-orders are measured and compared. Transmittance distribution of 24 points across the pupil plane associated with approximately one image point is measured. In addition, exposure field dependency of APTV is measured by arranging some identical sets of GPs across the exposure field. We have successfully measured APTV for an argon fluoride excimer laser (ArF) exposure tool as a demonstration of this method. The measurement error of relative intensity due to mask fabrication error has been estimated to be less than 0.4%. The influences of APTV on lithography have been investigated. Simulation results indicated that unbalanced APTV causes asymmetric modification of a symmetric pattern or periodic pattern edge.


Sir--The arrival of the B.M.J. on 22 March with your leading article (p. (33) coincided with the admission to this hospital of a 26-year-old Indian woman with benign intracranial hypertension. She complained of headaches and blurred vision for two weeks. There was bilateral papolloedema but no sign of focal neurological disease or other systemic disorder. Carotid angiography was normal. She had been using an oral contraceptive (5 mg. lynoestrenol and .15 mg. mestranol) for two years. This was discontinued on admission to hospital. Thereafter there was steady improvement in her symptoms and the papilloedema had almost completely dispeared in three weeks. No specific treatment was given. This appears to be a further example of pseudotumore cerebri developing in association with the use of oral contraceptives.--I am etc.(Full text)


Abstract This study investigated the diet of longnose stingray Hypanus guttatus in the tropical waters of north-eastern Brazil. Samples were obtained from monthly sampling of artisanal fisheries from August 2007 to July 2008. A total of 258 specimens were examined, 127 females and 131 males, and stomach contents analysis suggested H. guttatus to be a generalist and opportunistic predator feeding on the most available prey in the environment. There was no significant difference in the diet composition of males and females, or between seasons. However, an ontogenetic dietary shift was observed with larger individuals having an increased proportion of molluscs in the diet, whilst smaller individuals predated primarily on small crustaceans.


Researchers are interested in the issue of children abuse and they look for its cause in the past and present. Their interest is limited to identifying penal liability which is caused by children abuse away from focusing on civil liability. So, the study is going to clarify the parents' responsibility for children abuse rather than civil liability of the medic in case he wouldn't notify the authorities about the case according to the American law rules and the attitude of Iraqi law rather than some judicial application of civil cases that were exposed to American judiciary concerning children abuse.


A component configuration for enhancing the serviceability of a dispenser (10), said dispenser (10) a housing (11) having a cooling chamber (20), said component configuration comprising: a platform (33) positionable in said housing (11); a cooling unit (45) mounted on said platform (33); and a probe (39) of volume of cooling fluid, positioned on said platform; characterized in that said probe (39) of volume of cooling fluid is mounted on a front portion of said platform (33); and in that said platform (33) includes an opening (44) therethrough, positioned in front of said probe (39) of volume of cooling fluid.


The author examines the issue of teaching vocabulary to maritime students. The goal of conducting the research was to design and pilot materials for maritime vocabulary teaching in order to promote vocabulary memorisation and reception and enhance its consequent generative use, thus, raising the students' competitiveness on the international maritime market. The conducted action research entailed two questionnaires for data collection, materials design and piloting, observation and an interview used to reveal the students' progress by means of self-evaluation. The results of the study have proved that explicit teaching of vocabulary activities which correspond to the students' professional needs and command of English provides the basis for subsequent incidental learning and raises the students' awareness of the subject.


Dramatic changes in the ethnic composition of countries in the last decades have sparked new interest among social scientists in studying and uncovering the role of ethnic diversity on social, political and economic outcomes. Yet, most ethnic fractionalization indices used by scholars to study these effects treat ethnic heterogeneity as time-invariant, thus concealing its long-term effects. However, failing to take into account historical developments in ethnic composition might seriously hinder our understanding of their effects on social, economic, and political outcomes. This paper introduces a new dataset containing an annual ethnic fractionalization index for 162 countries across all continents in the period of 1945–2013. The Historical Index of Ethnic Fractionalization (HIEF) dataset is a natural extension of previous ethnic fractionalization indices. It offers the opportunity to study the effects of ethnic fractionalization across countries and over time. The article concludes by offering some preliminary descriptive analysis of patterns of change in ethnic fractionalization over time.


Abstract Over the last few decades, conservation work has been conducted by the Department of Antiquities of Jordan (DoA) on the Roman Nymphaeum in Amman. This intervention has taken the form of direct and indirect actions. In this article it will be shown that the conservation works concentrated on reinforcing the structure and reconstructing some architectural features of the building, with little consideration of the techniques and materials used. Intervention actions were mostly poor in terms of their scientific approach, and neither proper planning nor a well-defined methodology existed. This study provides a holistic approach for the evaluation of the state of the conservation of the monument in terms of quality and quantity. Thus, the results could be a valuable source for establishing comprehensive risk mitigation for future restoration work and site management. In addition, establishing practical restoration guidelines could help in developing socio-economic benefits for the community through tourism.


Epoxy impregnants are being used in many applications for the environmental protection of magnet coils in motors, transformers, solenoids and reactors, and even for completed electronic circuit functional blocks. The physical properties of the epoxy resin compounds used are ideally suited, in most cases, for this purpose. These properties may be varied from rigid to flexible, transparent to opaque, and from high to low impregnating viscosity. They may also be formulated to specific degrees of toughness, impact resistance, low shrinkage, high moisture resistance, and superior resistance to a host of solvents and chemicals, notably alkalies. With a proper formulation, it is possible to apply an epoxy compound by molding, casting, dipping, vacuum impregnating or even spraying. Thus, their properties may be tailored to fit a greater variety of applications than the more widely used and less expensive impregnating varnishes.


Exact expressions for the level crossing rate and average fade duration of M-branch equal-gain and maximal-ratio combining systems in a Weibull fading environment are presented. The expressions apply to unbalanced, nonidentical, independent diversity channels. In addition, new closed-form solutions for some special cases are obtained.


The present invention comprises at least two current conductors (90) and at least two separators, the current conductors (90) are separated from one another by separators, the active material (92) on the current conductors (90) applied is directed to the cell windings of the lithium-ion battery, characterized in that the thickness of the active material (94) along the current conductor (90). By thickness of the active material (94) along the current conductor (90), it can be life of the cell windings increases, achieving a large memory capacity.


Cholistan desert is a vast area that is mainly used as grazing ground and is endowed with a variety of natural resources. The local inhabitants are mostly nomads, leading pastoral way of life, with a few (two or three) permanent settlements in the whole desert. The main source of earning is rearing of livestock, while for livelihood they mostly depend upon whatever nature can provide them from the surroundings. Being unaware about the way they can properly use the natural resources, they usually extract the God-given commodity without any check, and unknowingly harm the ecosystem. In the present article we use the interviewing technique to know the views of the local inhabitants about a specific natural source. Through the present study, it has come to light that the knowledge of local dwellers about natural resources varied according to their need and occupation. For example, hunters have more knowledge about the wildlife behavior than those who earn through rearing of livestock. The present article presents the general picture of what kind of natural resources are present in Cholistan desert and how the local people are taking advantage of them.


Methane, which is the main component of natural and biogases, is known to be a very strong greenhouse gas with long lasting effect in the atmosphere that contributes actively to global warming. Releases of the gas commonly described as "Fugitive Gas Emissions" are an important source of methane emissions. A possible approach to reduce the harmful effects of such methane emissions is to introduce the fugitive methane into a device that can convert it through combustion to less environmentally harmful products. It has been shown that the bulk of such methane can be converted into much weaker green house gases in an IDI diesel engine. However, such applications can bring about changes to engine combustion processes and the resulting performance. The present contribution reports the results of an investigation of the effect on combustion characteristics, emissions and performance of introducing very small concentrations of methane into the intake of an operating diesel engine. It is shown that for wide ranges of gas admission concentrations in the air, unlike with other conventional combustion devices such as burners and furnaces, much of the methane added was indeed oxidized in the IDI diesel engine and increased the power output and thus saving some diesel fuel. Such methane admissions tended to increase carbon monoxide emissions, indicating that part of the methane may not have been fully oxidized. NOx emission increased slightly, but when compared to the diesel operation for the same fuel energy input, it represented a reduction. Consuming a small amount of fugitive methane in the engine could bring about reductions to the global warming effect well in excess of that due to the entire engine exhaust gases resulting from diesel fuel combustion. The introduction of low concentrations of methane into the engine air hardly affected the ignition delay and the combustion duration. However, the total gross heat released and its rate showed correspondingly an increase consistent with a positive contribution of methane to engine power.


Conocephalenol, isolated from the European liverwort Conocephalum conicum, has been synthesized from (1R*,7aS*)-1-methyl-7,7a-dihydroindan-5(6H)-one and the relative stereostructure has been shown to have the 1R*,9S* configuration.


This paper deals with the geological and geochemical characteristics of the main metallic deposits in Altyn metallogenic belt.Based on the studies on geochemistry of S,Pb,H,O isotopes and the fluid inclusions including compositions,temperature and salinity,the metallogeneses of the deposits are discussed.Main deposit types in this area are as follows: VMS-type of Pb-Zn-Cu poly-metallic deposits,superimposed and reformed deposits(e.g.Kaladawan),Carlin-type of gold deposits(e.g.Xiangyun and Panlonggou),epithermal gold deposits related to volcanic activities(e.g.Caishigou),disseminated gold deposits controlled by ductile shear zone(e.g.Hongliugou),hydrothermal gold deposits related potassic granite intrusion(e.g.Dapinggou).


Despite general agreement as to the significance of daydreaming, most systematic investigations of fantasy have been restricted to observations of the individual's elicited fantasy behavior. These approaches typically call for the use of one's imagination or for the interpretation of some relatively ambiguous stimulus. In the interest of obtaining a measure of the kind of fantasy which occurs spontaneously in the course of everyday activity, a questionnaire has been prepared.' This questionnaire, the "Fantasy Scale," consists of items based on anonymously prepared accounts of daydreams obtained from college students. Other items were drawn from autobiographical accounts of mental patients or former mental patients. A few questions deal with S's attitudes and reactions to his fantasy behavior. Ss respond to each of 150 statements in terms of the frequency which best fits their own experience. A five-point scale is employed and there is an attempt in the instructions to anchor each point to a temporal standard, i.e., "Frequently" refers to once a week, "Very Frequently" to more than once a week. A standard IBM answer sheet can be used by Ss. Keys can be prepared for machine scoring of 12 rationally developed sub-scales, "Defensiveness," "Achievement," "Aggression and Hostility," "Dependency," "Pathology," and "Romance and Heterosexual." Work completed with earlier versions has led to tentative norms for a college population, notation of the items which reliably differentiate between college men and women and between fine arts and engineering students. In addition, coeds described by the scale as productive and non-productive daydreamers have been compared with one another in their performance on the Thematic Apperception Test (Page, 1956) and on the Rorschach (Page, 1957). Current work involves the construction of a "social desirabiliry" scale and study of the relationship of daydreaming content and frequency with age and with psychopathology. REFERENCES 1. PAGE, H. A. Studies in fantasydaydreaming and the TAT. Amer. Psychologist, 1956, 11, 392. (Abstract) 2. PAGE, H. A. Studies in fantasydaydreaming frequency and Rorschach scoring categories. I . consult. Psycho!., 1957, 21, 11 1-1 14. Accepted January 23, 1960.


Healthcare is a vast and data rich industry. The administrative details stored into database hold a large number of transactions for each treated patient. The expansion and the adoption of the electronic health have been increasing the overall amount of the data that is available rather exponentially. In spite of all the efforts that have been made in the healthcare industry it has still been unable to rather leverage the vast data that can help in improving the care and the healthcare operations simultaneously. Along with this, the rapidly growing field of the big data analytics in the healthcare has started playing a major or the integral role in evolution and the development of the healthcare practice and research. Big data analytics have also provided the tool that shall help in accumulating, managing, assimilating, analyzing, the structured and the unstructured data. The concept of dig data analytics has been applied with the aim of increasing the efforts of the care delivery and the disease exploration simultaneously. In spite of all the efforts the adaptation rate and the research development has been hindered with the major problems that inherent within the big data analytics model. The paper basically discusses the concept of big data analytics in healthcare. Moreover, the paper also looks to explore the advantages of the concept. Similarly, the paper has also explored the opportunities and challenges that are associated with the idea of big data analytics in healthcare. At last the paper is closing with the general examination of the idea and the exploration.


The germination, growth and seed production of wild oats can be selectively stimulated in the second and subsequent years of continuous wheat monoculture by the presence of small amounts of stubble and root residues from a previous wheat crop. This effect would not be manifested if wheat were grown in rotation with a crop species such as sorghum, which has an inhibitory effect on wild oats. The presence of a sorghum crop over summer can delay and reduce wild oat emergence in the following winter phase. Rotational cropping of wheat with sorghum offers a viable strategy for wild oat control which has economic as well as weed control benefits.


Livin, also called melanoma inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) or kidney IAP, is an anti-apoptotic protein belonging to the IAP family which consists of eight members. The genes of this family render cancer cells insensitive to apoptotic stimulation. The aim of the present study was to investigate and assess the role of siRNA in the regulation of livin gene expression in two breast cancer cell lines (4Ti and MCF-7). Lipofection was carried out to introduce the livin-specific small interference RNA (siRNA) segment (19 mer) into the cancerous cells and the livin expression was determined using RT-PCR. Trypan blue assay was conducted to assess the integrity of the cell membranes after being transfected. 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2-5- diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was also implemented to assess the cell viability through the mitochondrial reductase enzymes activity. The obtained results concluded that transfecting the cancerous cells with livin-specific siRNA have led to the down regulation of livin expression. RNA interference (RNAi) targeting the anti-apoptotic genes such as livin is a promising approach and may help as a future therapeutic tool for breast cancer.


With the rapid development of the information industry, the real estate marketing pattern has also a fundamental change , the information channels and the information growth presentation non- polar growth situation, real estate marketing strategy has a tremendous impact on the construction market, the current, need to from the view of demanding for building materials direct sales platform analysis, reform the real estate marketing strategy comprehensively, establish a adapt to the market economy development the real estate marketing mode, promoting the scientific development of the building materials direct sales platform. The rapid growth in the amount of information to promote the pressure of the real estate industry, the current marketing model needs to be changed to achieve the goal of building materials market.


Increasing velocity combined with reduced mass of modern high speed trains poses the question of influence of strong cross winds on its aerodynamics. Strong cross winds may affect the running stability of high speed trains via the amplified aerodynamic forces and moments. In this study, simulations of turbulent cross wind flows over the leading and end car of ICE-2 high speed train have been performed at different yaw angles The train aerodynamic problems are closely associated with the flows occurring around train. The flow around the train has been considered as incompressible and was obtained by solving the incompressible form of the unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations combined with the realizable k-epsilon turbulence model. Important aerodynamic coefficients such as the side force and rolling moment coefficients have been calculated for yaw angles ranging from -30° to 60° and compared to results obtained from wind tunnel tests. The dependence of the flow structure on yaw angle has also been presented.


In this chapter, primary focus will be on the topic of the correctness of names and the manner in which it is treated in what is roughly the first part of the commentary. And indeed, it can be found later on in this chapter that the points that Proclus believes Socrates to score against Hermogenes are translated into refutations of remarks by Aristotle on the nature of names in De Interpretatione.In his commentary on the former dialogue,Proclus explains that the first section of that dialogue aims at not paying too much attention to human affaires, but instead focussing on the divine and on virtue.From this chapter and the previous one it emerges that Proclus holds a very subtle view on the issue of the correctness of names.Keywords: commentary; Correction; corrrectness; Ctatylus(i):The Issue; De Interpretatione; dialigue; divine and virtue; Proclus's


The recovery plan of Ukraine takes into account the experience of European countries, and also suggests the use of principles, approaches, tools and practices of the European Union. Within the framework of the plan, a list of National programs for achieving key results is defined. The plan envisages the maximum involvement of international partners from all corners of the world. Ukraine's recovery plan has two key dimensions. According to the first, the reconstruction of the country and the reforms should take place in accordance with the best rules and practices of the EU, because the goal of our state is membership in the European Union. The second dimension involves the regional principle, when foreign partners take patronage over different regions of the country, finance and directly participate in the preparation and implementation of reconstruction projects. The recovery plan released by the government is an agreed draft that needs to be refined and detailed. Now the country's government is consolidating the efforts of the public, business associations in partnership with the international community to improve the plan in accordance with the principles of Lugano. Ukraine should become a benchmark for recovery and an example for future generations. Ukraine will be a huge construction and investment platform that can give impetus to the development of European economies.
Keywords: Marshall plan, Lugano principles, EU integration process, revival plan.


Severe hypercalcemia due to persistent hyperparathyroidism after kidney transplantation causes serious medical complications. Medical or surgical treatment is recommended to decrease serum calcium level, but percutaneous ethanol injection therapy (PEIT) is an also useful method for patients who are refractory to medical treatment and under poor condition for parathyroidectomy. Here, we report a case of successful PEIT of refractory hypercalcemia in a 62-year old patient after kidney transplantation. This patient underwent PEIT because of poor general condition. Just after PEIT, serum calcium level was normalized and biointact PTH level was markedly decreased without serious complications. He has been followed up for 6 months without recur so far. PEIT may be recommended for treatment of sustained hypercalcemia in kidney-transplant patients who are refractory to medical treatment or in poor condition for surgical treatment.


This article proposes a novel of mobile application to help ophthalmologists diagnose the Ptosis disease. This application applied digital image processing techniques to identify eye parameters: Marginal Reflex Distance-1, Marginal Reflex Distance-2, and L/M Ratio which doctors can use to diagnose patients besides using naked eyes. The application was built for iOS platform in the first version. The inputs of the application are the images of patient's eyes from a mobile device camera or from a mobile device memory. After using digital image processing techniques, at the end of the process, the eye parameters will be displayed on the mobile device screen for the doctors to be used. The experimental results indicated that the proposed mobile application can perform with 86.36% of accuracy in measuring Marginal Reflex Distance-1 value while it can measure Marginal Reflex Distance-2 value with 63.64% of accuracy.


Ship motion ajJects quality oj acoustic data collected by various acoustic remote-sensing systems used jor bottom and jisheries surveying. The angular position oj an acoustic beam changes in timefrom its nominal position vertical to sea surface. This motion ajJects the acoustic returns from the bottom and other targets by changing their intensity and arrival times. In this pap er we illustrate these ejJects on bottom returns obtained using single beam sonar.


The structure of chelerythrine free base was examined. When chelerythrine chloride [1b] was treated with aqueous K2CO3 solution, bis[6-(5,6-dihydrochelerythrinyl)] ether [3] was obtained. An excess of aqueous ammonia under the same conditions yielded bis[6-(5,6-dihydrochelerythrinyl)] amine [4]. The structures of both derivatives were determined by elemental analysis, ir, 1D and 2D nmr, eims, and cims. The formation of an unstable hydroxy adduce 2a (pseudobase) was observed in H-1-nmr experiments only.


Accomplishments for the quarter are described briefly for the following areas of research: oil shale; tar sand; coal; advanced exploratory process technology; and jointly sponsored research. Oil shale research covers process studies. Tar sand research is on recycle oil pyrolysis and extraction (ROPE{sup TM}) Process. Coal research includes: coal combustion; integrated coal processing concepts; and solid waste management. Advanced exploratory process technology includes: advanced process concepts; advanced mitigation concepts; and oil and gas technology. Jointly sponsored research covers: CROW{sup TM} field demonstration with Bell Lumber and Pole; operation and evaluation of the CO{sub 2} HUFF-N-PUFF Process; fly ash binder for unsurfaced road aggregates; solid state NMR analysis of Mesaverde group, Greater Green River Basin, tight gas sands; characterization of petroleum residua; shallow oil production using horizontal wells with enhanced oil recovery techniques; surface process study for oil recovery using a thermal extraction process; oil field waste cleanup using tank bottom recovery process; remote chemical sensor development; in situ treatment of manufactured gas plant contaminated soils demonstration program; solid state NMR analysis of Mowry formation shale from different sedimentary basins; solid state NMR analysis of naturally and artificially matured kerogens; and development of an effective method for the clean-up of natural gas.


The paper presents the results of a survey on the needs of Rzeszów residents for a space for recreation with a dog. Among the city park visitors, 45% had and 55% did not have a dog. The respondents walked their dogs to recreation sites. Their distance on foot was mostly (82%) to 3 km – 35% of respondents or up to 1 km – 19%. There is a significant relationship between having a dog and ones place of residence. Only 36% of the people living in the blocks of flats had dogs, while 58% of the residents of single-family houses. Having a dog has a significant impact on the frequency of visits to city parks. 63% of those visiting city parks daily were dog owners.


Based on the established kinetic model with 11 lumped species for heavy oil catalytic cracking,the lumped group separation according to the new distillation range standard (GB252-2000) for diesel was developed.Mono-step method for determining kinetic constants of the model was established. Compared with the common used multi-layer determination,the mono-step method not only reduces greatly the work load,but also improves the precision of parameter estimation.The kinetic constants of catalyst MLC-500 were obtained by mono-step method.Verification of the model in commercial unit indicates that the 11 lumped species kinetic model of RFCC for increasing diesel has a good prediction and extrapolation performance,which is adaptive to the changes of diesel distillation range in refinery practice.


This chapter focuses on the compromise that has come to characterise the experience of combining careers and motherhood. For eight women in this study, compromise defined their part-time and flexible work transition in marked ways. They are highly aware of the constraints that stymie their personal goals. One woman recounts her experience of negotiating access to flexibility in her paid work arrangements with a line manager who was unsupportive. Another explains her success and failures negotiating with her husband to share her domestic workload. Compromised choice intention narratives reflect working-pattern choices that are structured by external circumstances and are made in situations that are not as open or free as they could be in terms of facilitating women's achievement of their ideal ways to combine work with family life.


In this paper we examine the possibility of evaluating the value of an online community in a company by focusing on the practices around the online community, which we call active lurking. We divided the practices into two types: independent practices that are completed within only an informal context, and connecting practices that have relationships with the formal organizational structure. We conducted a questionnaire for 2,584 participants in two types of online communities in a large manufacturing company, and semi-structured interviews of 102 participants. We concluded that our practice-based evaluation is useful for managers or designers of an online community to help them to understand, evaluate, and manage its practical impacts on their business activities before or after building it.


In view of node heterogeneity and large transmission delay problems of current application layer multicast,an application layer multicast algorithm is proposed based on topology architecture and peer performance.Network will be layered and clustered according to the topology-aware approach.It can fully consider node heterogeneity when constructing the multicast tree.The algorithm makes the high performance peer close to the media source and the low performance one close to the leaf,which improves the efficiency of the multicast tree and decreases the delay of peer-to-peer,link stress,link stretch and control overhead.Experimental results show that algorithm can efficiently improve the multicast tree performance on large scale peer conditions.


Inferior vena cava (IVC) filtration is used in patients with deep venous thrombosis and/or pulmonary embolism who fail or are unfit for anticoagulation therapy. In the past, malposition was a relatively common event when vena cava filters were placed by surgeons without imaging guidance, especially when the internal jugular veins were used for access. Currently, complications are uncommon when filters are placed by interventional radiologists and malposition is exceedingly rare.


We present experimental results of several control algorithms for a nonholonomic underactuated 2-DOF robot. The first joint of the robot consists of a DD-motor whereas the second joint has no actuator but a holding brake. We derive a control law using non-collocated linearization for the uncertain parameter case and apply PD, LQG and VS controllers. In experiments the different control laws are quantitatively compared. An intelligent brake algorithm is presented.


Currently both public and private organizations, as well as individuals depend on information technology as an essential tool to develop activities and all administrative or operational operations of the institution. The present Degree Thesis (TT) proposes an TI risk management plan for the Catacocha Hospital for the Department of TIC's that allows the identification of vulnerabilities that may threaten the security of information, since being an institution linked to the state handles large amounts of sensitive and confidential information, taking into account that only backups of information are made on external disks and with regard to information security no precaution has been taken, since they depend on an external entity that provides them with the annual budget, which is limited.
The process for the development of this degree thesis was divided into sections:
In the first section, investigative techniques were used, such as the collection of information to identify the risks of the current situation of the institution and the physical inspection of the department to make a visual identification of the risks. In the second section, a bibliographic search of risk management methodologies was carried out in order to elaborate a comparison of these and finally select the MAGERIT methodology with which work was carried out in this TT. In the third section, the MAGERIT methodology was applied with the templates of the company Deloitte to develop the inherent risk matrix and residual risk matrix in order to identify how exposed to risk the institution is to an eventuality and thus develop a comparison that yields the result of the risks that can be evaluated, accepted, mitigated and transferred. In the fourth section, the article was published in the RISTI magazine (SCOPUS database) of the II SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH DAYS TECHNOLOGY AND SOCIETY of the University PUCESE of Esmeraldas and the paper in the PUCESE of Ibarra.
In conclusion, the TT will leave an TI Risk Management Plan to the TIC's Department of the Catacocha Hospital to improve information security and encourage staff on good practices regarding confidentiality, integrity and availability of information.


Recent increased resistance to antibiotics of bacterial strains isolated from cow milk with mastitis represented a strong motivation for a study that would indicate the most efficient antibiotic for treatment. This study evaluated a total number of 31 samples collected from cows suffering from mastitis. Each sample was initially processed by the smear preparation method and Gram staining. Streaking methods were performed on both blood agar and glucose agar. The isolated pathogens were than tested regarding their sensitivity using Kirby Bauer disk diffusion test to the following antibiotics: Amoxicillin and clavulanic acid, Cefquinome, Enrofloxacin, Florfenicol, Gentamicin, Linco-spectin and Mastidiscs. The results demonstrated that single pathogens were involved in mastitis etiology in most of the cases, with rare associations. Staphylococci and streptococci strains were most frequently isolated, in 8 samples each, followed by E. coli with 4 strains and Klebsiella, Bacillus cereus and Corynebacterium in 1 sample. Regarding overall sensitivity, Amoxicillin and clavulanic acid was the most efficient antibiotic with an average of the inhibition area of 22.13 mm, followed by Mastidiscs (21.57 mm), Enrofloxacin (21.17 mm), Linco-spectin (18.71 mm), Cefquinome (18.33), Florfenicol (17.76 mm) and Gentamicin (16.57). Our result demonstrates a good overall sensitivity of the tested strains.


The estimation of fetal weight especially in term pregnancy becomes one of the important pillars for decision making in obstetric practice and a mathematical model to estimate the fetal weight by ultrasound data obtained with reality as our population recommended by WHO would give greater accuracy.
OBJECTIVE: To design a new formula for estimating fetal weight by ultrasound. Compare the estimated birth weight of both fetal weight formulas. To determine the diagnostic value of both formulas in the estimation of fetal weight.
METHOD: This prospective, descriptive, analytical and comparative study of 311 pregnant women hospitalized in the Department of Obstetrics Hospital Belen de Trujillo as part of their presurgical evaluation who underwent obstetric ultrasound (to determine the values of DBP, CC, CA , LF) in the previous 72 hours after cesarean, then recorded the weight of the newborn. With the data obtained we proceeded to an analysis of multivariable linear regression to obtain the mathematical models (formulas) and analyzed statistically to evaluate the goodness of fit of each, then compare the estimated fetal weights in each formula with weight birth and finally calculate the predictive value of each mathematical model for fetal no macrosomics.
RESULTS: mathematical models (formulas) are calculated:
MRL1: Peso Fetal = 12.8404*DBP + 0.8470*CC + 10.4889*CA + 56.3261*LF – 5794.5518
MRL2: Peso Fetal = 14.3742*DBP +10.5914*CA + 56.9922*LF – 5735.3999
The diagnostic value of both models are similar to non-macrosomic fetuses and is as follows sensitivity 98.92%, specificity 21.88%, positive predictive value 91.69%, negative predictive value 70%, positive likelihood ratio 1.27 and negative likelihood ratio 0.05.
CONCLUSION: Both models (MRL1, MRL2) adequately predict fetal weight by ultrasound there is little superiority MRL2 and both on Hadlock although there is no statistically significant difference, with a suitable diagnostic value


ICL670 is an orally active representative of a new class of tridentate iron chelator developed for the treatment of blood transfusion–dependent iron overload in chronic anemias. In this randomized, double‐blind study, patients with transfusion‐dependent β‐thalassemia received single oral doses of ICL670 ranging from 2.5 to 80 mg/kg to investigate its safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics and to obtain preliminary information on pharmacodynamic effects. ICL670 was well tolerated, and no safety problems occurred up to 80 mg/kg. A plasma half‐life of 11 to 19 hours was found for ICL670, supporting once‐daily oral administration. AUC0–24h and Cmax of ICL670 increased nearly proportionally with the dose. The urinary excretion of ICL670 and its iron complex was less than 0.1% of the dose, and this was in accordance with the expected predominant iron fecal excretion induced by ICL670 (based on preclinical experiments). Notwithstanding, a positive trend toward increased amounts of urinary excreted iron was observed when the AUC0–24 h of ICL670 and the iron complex exceeded specific threshold values at the 40‐ and 80‐mg/kg dose levels.


FIELD: personal use articles. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a device for throwing balls, comprising a frame comprising an impact mechanism (2) containing an impact lever (20) provided at its free end with an impact tool (3), and the impact lever (20) can perform movements in turning by a shaft (21) and is combined with the driving means used for turning the impact lever (20) so that the impact tool (3) could describe a circular trajectory passing through the mounting assembly (11) designed for receiving the ball (B). The impact tool comprises a roller (3) mounted with the ability of free rotation about an axis (YY') parallel to the turning axis of the impact lever (20). EFFECT: improvement of the design. 9 cl, 3 dwg


Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) is an imaging mo-dality that demonstrates brain activation dependent on the blood oxygen level (BOLD). With this method, the perfusion of neural tis-sues with activation and the temporal changes of these processes can be monitored. With the new fast sequences, fMRG shooting times have been very short and the availability of today has in-creased considerably. The research conducted by the so-called default mode network (DMN) has been defined as a highly com- patible interacting region and other brain networks. Currently, the determination of the dominant hemisphere in patients with epilep- sy in fMRI is used to determine the neuronal dysfunctions, in the eloquent area-related tumors before surgery, to evaluate the func-tionality in the neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases, to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment and the drug. General linear model (GML), independent variable analysis -Independent Component Analysis (ICA), multivariate pattern analysis -Multi Variative Pattern Analysis (MVPA) analysis methods can be used to evaluate the data. However, the size, variety, and statistical studies of the errors in the field of fMRG studies affect the value of the data and decrease the confidence in the results of the studies. Statistical errors should be minimized, and the data quality should be increased. Despite its limitations and statistical difficulties, fMRI contributes to the study of brain function is going on.


Abstract What are the similarities and differences between the concepts 'language attitudes' (LAs) and 'language ideologies' (LIs)? The need to answer this question arose from a study done by Abongdia in Cameroon with Francophone high school students of English to determine their attitudes towards English as well as their motivation for learning the language. The study revealed much deeper ideological positions towards English and the Anglophone community in Cameroon than what could be meaningfully captured by existing theories of attitudes and motivation. Consequently, the findings were assessed using studies on LIs by linguistic anthropologists like Kroskrity, Milroy and Haviland as theoretical framework, after an attempt to clarify the areas of similarity and difference in studies on LAs and LIs. After the presentation of the theoretical framework, this article discusses the LIs of the Francophone students against the background of the sociopolitical and historical factors that have led to these 'constructed assessments'.


In this study, we present an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model for predicting COD and NH4-N concentrations in landfill leachate from lab-scale landfill bioreactors. For this purpose, two different lab-scale systems were modeled. for neural network's data obtained. In the first system, the leachate from a fresh-waste reactor was drained to a recirculation tank and recycled every two days. In the second, the leachate from a fresh waste landfill reactor was fed through a well-decomposed refuse landfill reactor, while the leachate from a welldecomposed refuse landfill reactor was simultaneously recycled to a fresh waste landfill reactor. The results indicate that leachate NH4-N and COD concentrations accumulated to a high level in the first system, while. NH4-N and COD removals were successfully carried out in the second. Also, average removal efficiencies in the second system reached 85% and 34% for COD and NH4-N, respectively. Finally, the ANN's results exhibited the success of the model as witnessed by the excellent agreement obtained between measured and predicted values.


public class BRPriceDiscount{ private Float percentage; abstract public boolean condition(); public Float action(Float price){...} public Float apply(Float price){ if (condition()){ return action(price); else{return price}; } } } Suppose we consider two concrete price personalization business rules: BR1 if today is Christmas then a customer gets a 5% discount and BR2 if the customer has bought more than 10 products then he or she gets a 10% discount on the current purchase. The implementation in JavaTM of these rules, BRChristmasDiscount and BRPurchasedItemsDiscount respectively is shown below. They define concrete implementations for the inherited method condition(). public class BRChristmasDiscount extends BRPriceDiscount{ private boolean isChristmas(){...} public boolean condition(){ return isChristmas(); } } public class BRPurchasedItemsDiscount extends BRPriceDiscount{ Customer customer; public void setCustomer(Customer c){ customer = c; } public boolean condition(){ // returns if customer purchased more than 10 products } } As part of the connectivity layer we need to define the following aspects: An aspect EPricePersonalisation identifies the event in the core application that defines the application time of both business rules


This article reassesses on the basis of recently discovered documents from Russian archives Soviet planning and policy on and in Austria after World War II. Given its small size and its location at the periphery of the Soviet orbit, Austria never had a high priority for Stalin. Due to its quadripartite occupation by the allies, the country could not be claimed openly as part of the Soviet sphere of influence. However, Stalin and his officers tried to set up a Soviet-friendly government in Austria and, until 1953, took measures to strengthen Soviet influence in the country and to induce its transition into a people's democracy. In the meantime, Soviet diplomacy used the occupation of Austria as a legal justification to keep Soviet troops in Eastern Europe and, therefore, refused to withdraw from Austria.


THE DIFFICULTIES OF STANDARDIZED SCHOOLS The demand for some scheme of -education suitable for children suffering from a defect of-vision is a very natural one. It is bound to arise when education is made compulsory for every child"; it is also bound to arise because no one scheme of education will cover all cases. The curriculum of any school is designed for the greatest good of the greatest number. Misfits must suffer because either they are incapable of taking advantage of the education provided, or the scheme would be injurious to them if their full attendance were insisted upon. This was early recognized in the case of the blind, and special education was provided. There has been no lack of generous efforts by intelligent and sympathetic people to found schools where the blind could be trained in such arts and crafts as would fit them for some place in the national life. Of work for the prevention of blindness and for the help of the unfortunate blind there has been' no lack. The duty of inspecting children in the schools for the blind maintained by the London education authority first brought home to me, however, the disabilities of those children who were neither blind nor well sighted, and for whose education and training there was no appropriate provision. They received no prop'er education, since they either idled in the ordinary school or were left to run the streets, or were trained in the' blind school, which was equally bad-for them.' When I first worked out the incidence of blindness in these schools I found no less than 6 per cent. of children were myopes who were not blind, and would probably never become blind. That experience led me to voice their -grievances in a paper read at the Second InternationalCongress of School Hygiene held in London in 1907.1 I protested that it was not only a waste of'public money, but' injurious to them that they should be taught with blind children. By great good fortune the chairman of the Section at which the paper was read was a mnember of the Education Committee of the London 'County Council, Miss Adler. Her interest was engaged, and the next year-1908-the first experimental class was started with the backing of Dr. James Kerr, the school medical officer, and of the school teachers. The official report on the first year's working closed with the words: " It seems to be such a success as to warrant the opening of other centres for the same purpose." There are now thirty-seven classes in fifteen centres in London with a roll of 850 children ; also 100 places for myopes in five' schools for higher education. There are classes in nearly all the large towns in England and Scotland, in some other counitries of Europe,2 in Canada,3 and some hundreds in the United States of America.' When in Canada in 1930 I learned how rapid had been the advance in the provision of sight-saving classes in the States and how favourable the method had become in the eyes of educationists and ophthalmic surgeons. In this paper I will survey our experience in London during the past twenty-five years, time enough to permit a fair judgement of the worth of these classes.


Conventional traffic network in the urban city has been constructed and operated under systems to collect and transmit based on the roadside AP(Acess Point). But This paper has investigated the new traffic network based on smart station which combined the power network. Futhermore, the smart station can collect and transmit the variable informations and functions that supply the vehicle moving lines, informative collector service and center interoperation etc.


Previous studies have shown that news selection is influenced by economic, social, political and geographic values, while this study tests the notion that cultural proximity also influences news choices and display. A content analysis of a liberal and a conservative Creek newspaper during the final three months of the 1988 U.S. Presidential campaign shows that Democrat Michael Dukakis, a Greek-American, was given more space — and that more favorable — than was Republican George Bush. The two newspapers used similar wire sources and differed little in overall U.S. campaign coverage, however, despite strong ideological differences.