Objective. Numerous studies regarding gastric hormones and their regulation have been performed until now. However, the effect of the hormones on the formation and malignisation of gastric polyps still remains not clear. Our aim was to identify the relation between the level of gastrin in the blood, gastric mucosa, polyp tissue, gastric juice and pathogenesis of gastric polyposis. Materials and methods. A thorough investigation of gastrointestinal hormones in serum and gastric juice, in polyp's tissue and mucosa, gastrin-secreting cells and proteolytic activity of gastric juice was carried out in 40 patients with gastric polyps. These patients were divided into groups, depending on the location, number, and malignancy of the polyps. As a control group, 10 healthy individuals were used to determine the normal values of the studied indicators. Results: A significant increase (more than two times) in the gastrinemia level before the surgery was noted in patients with polyp recurrence, and gastrin level increased to more significant digits of 227.0+37.4 pg/ml (p<0.05) in one year after polypectomy. Conclusion. Gastrin is apparently involved in the process of polyp formation since polyp's growth is accompanied by elevation of serum gastrin. This is confirmed by a response of gastrin in the blood to a test meal in individuals with different duration of the disease: a marked increase in gastrinemia appears in patients suffering from gastric polyposis for more than three years. Therefore, evaluation of gastrin level in the patients' blood can be used to predict a recurrence potential of polyps. This is evidenced by more pronounced hypergastrinemia before polypectomy in patients who had a further recurrence of the disease within one year after the surgery


Dynamic response of a multi-storey plane frame structure having three degrees of freedom (two translations along x, y -axes and one rotation about z-axis) at each node, with multiple tuned mass dampers (MTMDs) on its top is obtained. MTMDs with uniformly distributed frequencies are considered for this purpose. The effect of total number of MTMDs and excitation frequency on the effectiveness of the MTMDs is also studied. The response of structure with tuned mass dampers (TMD) is found to be less in comparison to the corresponding response without TMD, implying that the TMD is effective in reducing acceleration, forces and displacement in the system. It is also found that the multiple tuned mass dampers are more effective than a single tuned mass damper.


After a cross-country drive to visit friends, Berkman and Barbara Zeller settled in Boston to do politics and community medicine. Berkman worked with those creating a view of what was needed in radical politics called "Prairie Fire." Hoping to work as a doctor for rebels in Mozambique, Berkman in the end was told not to come because they had won their revolution, and he ended up in Lowndes County, Alabama in a community clinic.


Pedagogical stylistics refers to the application of the tools of stylistics in the teaching of the English language as a foreign or a second language.  Teaching and learning poetry is challenging. Thus, pedagogical corpus stylistics (Henceforth, PCS) approach has been introduced to Iraqi undergraduate foreign language learners (EFL) to guide them to analyze poetic language.  The study aims to make students interact with authentic examples of poetic language and answer questions about it. The main objective of the study is to examine whether PCS tools enable the learners to provide linguistic evidence from the poetic texts they are exposed to. This in turn ensures objective poetic analyses. Moreover, it aims to enable EFL Iraqi students to discover salient norms related to the Standard English language. The study reveals that the pedagogical corpus stylistic approach helps the students to discover language patterns using corpus tools with the help of the teacher's guidance at the beginning but this eventually leads to independent learning and discoveries about poetic language.


The aim of this study is to investigate the relationships among students' mathematics self-efficacy, their metacognitive skills in mathematics and their mathematics achievement in relation to their mathematical creativity. The study's sample consisted of 445 gifted and talented middle school students who attended grades 5, 6, 7, and 8 at 13 Science and Art Centers in 11 cities. For such a correlational study, Mathematics Self-efficacy Scale, Mathematical Creativity Scale, Young Pupils' Metacognitive Abilities in Mathematics Scale were used. The research findings indicated that mathematical creativity is significantly correlated with mathematical achievement, mathematical metacognition skills and self-efficacy in mathematics, including the three sub-dimensions of self-efficacy, positive self-efficacy, negative self-efficacy and self-efficacy in the use of mathematics in daily tasks. Because the adaptive values of the model are within reasonable boundaries, the model can be regarded as valid. The research model suggests that students' mathematical creativity is significantly predicted by mathematics self-efficacy, mathematical achievement and mathematical metacognition skills. Article visualizations:


An objective methodology that can be used to perform automatic MRTD tests on infrared imaging systems is presented. It is based on the assumption that a unique threshold function should exist between the signal-to-noise ratio measured by a computer that perform a spatio-temporal filtering on digitized images and the MRTD.


A vibration control equalizer for generating a vibration signal for determining a driving amount for an optical component on the basis of an output signal of a vibration detector for detecting vibration of an imaging apparatus, a position control equalizer for calculating a position signal for determining a driving amount for the optical component on the basis of an output signal of a position detector for detecting position of the optical component, and an internal CPU for controlling the vibration control equalizer and the position control equalizer are provided, and compensation for the output signal of the position detector is performed by the internal CPU.


This paper presents a regenerative electronic load developed for testing in a didactic electrical machines laboratory, and which is also suitable for burn-in test of power supplies. The basic topology is a capacitive idling Cuk converter. This converter allows independent control of the input current and permits provision of a sinusoidal output current, while assuring the power balance. An appropriate gate command allows some soft-commutation without the use of any auxiliary circuit. Design criteria and experimental results of a 1 kW prototype are presented.


The hydrodynamically generated noise produced from flow over cavities includes both broadband and tones. The frequency content and amplitude of the resulting noise is a function of the cavity geometry and the approaching boundary layer. The cavity length to depth ratio (L/D) is an important parameter that governs the characteristics of cavity noise generated. While both of the noise components are important this work will focus on the production of cavity tones. Cavity tones typically have higher sound pressure levels and can propagate over longer distances than the broadband noise. The enhancements to the numerical code shown in this work result in the first non-hybrid tool for the prediction of low speed cavity noise. At moderate subsonic Mach numbers the direct calculation of cavity tones has been performed by numerous researchers using highly accurate spatial and time discretization. However, most researchers that are trying to predict the noise from low Mach number flows take a hybrid approach where the fluid dynamics of the simulation are solved with a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) solver and the acoustics are solved separately. The other solver is often based on Lighthill's Acoustic Analogy or an asympototic method such as the Expansion about Incompressible Flow (EIF). This work calculates the conservative Navier-Stokes variables to directly predict the cavity tones. The numerical solver CHOPA (Compressible, High-Order Parallel Acoustics) is extended in this work for the accurate and fast calculation of low Mach number cavity flows. A time-derivative preconditioner equalizes the acoustic wave and turbulence convective speeds to allow for a more efficient time step and shorter calculation times. Because the preconditioner destroys the time accuracy of the solution a dual-time step approach is used for the time integration. Other modifications to the code are required to facilitate the proper implementation of the preconditioner: Matrix-based artificial dissipation, buffer zone, and extrapolation boundary condition. An extension by Buelow of Choi-Merkle's viscous preconditioner is selected for this work.


The invention relates to a method and apparatus for locating a vehicle. DOLLAR A The locations of a vehicle (1) according to the invention made possible by a vehicle-side position detection means (3, 4, 5) for detecting position data, which are transmitted to a mobile terminal (2) for displaying Weghinweisen.


Computer programs for the analysis of data from techniques frequently used in nucleic acids research are described. In addition to calculating non-linear, least-squares solutions to equations describing these systems, the programs allow for data editing, normalization, plotting and storage, and are flexible and simple to use. Typical applications of the programs are described.


nancies. Those using ART were also more likely to have an instrument-assisted vaginal delivery (aOR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.32-1.58), elective CS (aOR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.22-1.40), or emergency CS (aOR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.09-1.28). The incidence of preterm births (< 37+0 weeks), very preterm births (28+0 to 31+6), and moderate to late preterm births (32+0 to 36+6 weeks) were all significantly higher in the ART cohort when compared with the spontaneous conception cohort. Babies conceived with ART were more likely to have lower birth weights, even after controlling for gestational age at birth. Neonates in the ART cohort, however, were less likely to be acidotic at birth compared with the sponataneously conceived cohort (OR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.63-0.81). No differences were observed in Apgar scores or the rates of respiratory distress, admission to the neonatal intensive care unit, and stillbirth between the ART and spontaneous conception cohorts. In conclusion, in spite of the increased risk of intrapartum interventions and preterm birth for women conceiving through ART, the neonatal outcomes for these pregnancies were comparable to the cohort of newborns conceived spontaneously. This is reassuring information that can be shared with prospective parents considering ART.


THE UKCC has not been breaching the human rights of nurses by acting as both judge and jury in misconduct cases, the Court of Session in Edinburgh has ruled.


This research was sponsored jointly by EPSRC and DETR and involved Carillion, Royal Bank of Scotland, Morrison Construction, Amec, Centre for the Built Environment in Glasgow and Public-Private Partnership Programme Ltd as partners.


Braintree District Council has published its annual Corporate Customer Satisfaction Survey results which shows satisfaction rates which are significantly higher than the national average.


The present invention pertains to a retaining sleeve for maintaining a rotating joint which can be released in case of a collision. The joint is located between the operating rod of brake mechanism and a pedal. The aim is to ensure fast and safe locking, including under conditions of bad visibility during the assembly process. For that purpose, sub-units of the notching device are preferably premounted on the operating rod. The inventive efforts were directed at improving characteristics for ensuring safe locking in such a way that pretensioning forces exerted upon the securing device cause same to remain loose as long as the correct notching position has not been found.


Protecting the confidentiality of survey respondents' information in microdata release is a significant concern for most statistical agencies. To address the matter, agencies often publish data that has been perturbed using data swapping, noise addition, multiple imputation and other methods. However, agency reports and research papers in this area rarely state disclosure risk and disclosure protection goals clearly. In this paper, we propose a precise and strict identity disclosure protection goal and then present a post-randomization procedure for achieving that goal, at a minimal loss of data quality. The procedure can also allow agencies to retain selected marginal counts from original data and avoid undesirable changes to the original data.


The aim of this study was a proof of concept to examine the effects of a web-based office ergonomics intervention on subjects' individual workplace adjustments. An intervention study was conducted with 24 office workers lasting 6 weeks with three consecutive phases (before, 1 and 5 weeks after the intervention). Employees used a purpose-made website for adjusting their computer workplaces without any personal support of ergonomics experts. Workplace measurements were taken directly on site and by analysing photos taken of the employee. Self-reported complaints were assessed by filling in a questionnaire. It was found that 96% of the employees changed their workplaces on their own and retained them mostly unchanged after the intervention. Furthermore, self-reported musculoskeletal complaints and headache symptoms decreased significantly after the intervention. These findings suggest an improvement of workplace conditions so that cost-effective ergonomic web-based interventions appear promising in further research and application. Practitioner Summary: A field study was conducted using for the first time a website as an intervention tool in offices. Employees used it independently without personal expert training. Results indicated that employees could improve their computer workplace situation after using the website.


Ed Hardy Love and Luck Gift Set for Men by Christian Audigier see review, you will get discount or special price this product


BACKGROUND
In the context of the increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity worldwide, satiety-enhancing foods may help people control their energy intake and weight. In this study, an advanced near-real human gastric simulator equipped with a dynamic in vitro human stomach-IV (DIVHS-IV) system was used to determine the gastric digestion and gastric retention ratio of konjac flour (KF)/sodium caseinate (SC) mixtures with different ratios.

RESULTS
The apparent viscosity, viscoelastic properties, confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) of the digested products were collected and analyzed to further study the effect of SC on the physical properties of KF during digestion. The results showed that the addition of SC could enhance the effect of KF on delaying gastric emptying in vitro. Besides, the addition of SC was shown to weaken the effect of gastric juice on the dilution of gastric contents by forming SC gel blocks in the acid environment. In particular, the synergistic gastric emptying delaying effect was the strongest in the KF/SC mixture containing 1% KF and 8 % SC, and obvious massive aggregates were observed.

CONCLUSION
The combination of 1% KF and 8% SC was shown to synergistically delay gastric emptying and potentially enhance the sense of fullness. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


I T IS ESTIMATED that premenstrual tension accounts for female job absenteeism of from 7 to 9 million days per year, with an annual wage loss of about $3~ billion per year. For centuries, women have stoically accepted premenstrual tension as part of their heritage. The distressing build-up of physical and psychological symptoms that occurs every month just before the menstrual period has been viewed as "woman's lot," as "woman's nature." Women may have received sympathy from the medical profession, but not much more. Only in recent years have the cyclical premenstrual troubles that afHict a goodly portion of the female population been scientifically investigated. A significant percentage of marital quarrels and severe emotional conflicts between women and their children occur during the premenstrual period. Studies of both female juvenile delinquents and adult female criminals suggest that their destructive activity is at a height during


[formula: see text] 2-Deoxy-2-iodo- and 2-deoxy-2-bromoglucopyranosyl trichloroacetimidates 8-10 and 22 are extremely useful precursors of 2-deoxy-beta-glycosides. These reactive glycosyl donors undergo highly stereoselective glycosidation reactions at -78 degrees C with a range of glycosyl acceptors using TBS-OTf as the activating agent. beta-Glycosides are obtained with > or = 19:1 selectivity in six of the seven examples reported herein.


White-tailed deer are susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 and represent a highly important species for surveillance. Nasal swabs and retropharyngeal lymph nodes from white-tailed deer (n=258) collected in November 2021 from Québec, Canada were analyzed for SARS-CoV-2 RNA. We employed viral genomics and transcriptomics to further characterize infection and investigate host response to infection. We detected Delta SARS-CoV-2 (AY.44) in deer from the Estrie region; sequences clustered with human sequences from GISAID collected in October 2021 from Vermont, USA, which borders this region. Mutations in the S-gene and a deletion in ORF8 encoding a truncated protein were detected. Host expression patterns in SARS-CoV-2 infected deer were associated with the innate immune response, including signalling pathways related to anti-viral, pro- and anti-inflammatory signalling, and host damage. Our findings provide preliminary insights of host response to SARS-CoV-2 infection in deer and underscores the importance of ongoing surveillance of key wildlife species for SARS-CoV-2.


Introduction We present here a "Festschrift" to honor Rachmiel Levine, as he enters his 70th year. Literally translated as a writing festival, a Festschrift traditionally consists of work gathered from investigators whose ideas have germinated from the work of the principal honoree. One can hardly think of anyone so befitting this role as Rachmiel Levine. Always displaying conceptual brilliance, with a particular genius for clarity of thought, his ideas have touched virtually every aspect of diabetes mellitus, both clinical and investigative. Born in Poland, August 26, 1910, Dr. Levine received his undergraduate and medical degrees at McGill University, graduating in 1936. His internship and fellowship in endocrinology and metabolism were served at the Michael Reese Hospital in Chicago. He remained there to ultimately become Director of the Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, in which capacity he served from 1943 to 1959. He served also as Chairman of the Department of Medicine from 1952 to 1960. In 1960 he ventured from Chicago to New York and for the next decade served as Professor and Chairman of the Department of Medicine at the New York Medical College. In 1971 he became a "Califomian" as he assumed the Directorship of the City of Hope Medical Center in Duarte. He currently remains there as Deputy Director for Research. Rachmiel Levine's reputation and lasting permanence will not reside amidst administrative and directorship responsibilities. Defined by Webster as "one who conducts systematic inquiries or experiments," Rachmiel Levine is first and paramount an investigator. In 1949, spurred initially by the work of the Cori's, much interest was focused upon the intracellular pathways of carbohydrate metabolism. The predominant opinion was that insulin must act at some step along the enzymatic pathway of glucose oxidation. What stuck in Levine's "craw" was that there was no free intracellular accumulation of glucose even in the absence of insulin. After all, if an absence of insulin caused a block in the subsequent oxidation of glucose, then there must be a pileup of free glucose within the cell. Hence insulin must act before glucose enters the cell and therefore probably affected the transport process. The idea was revolutionary and met with much skepticism. Yet he persevered, demonstrating first a stereo specificity of nonmetabolizable sugars in the extrahepatic tissues of the dog and the rat. 5 The work was confirmed and subsequently extended to include striated muscle, cardiac muscle, and fibroblasts in vitro." Finally, the observation was applied to glucose as well as to the nonmetabolizable sugars. Eventually it became evident that in adipose tissue, as well as in muscle, glucose transport is rate limiting and insulin exerts its effect by the facilitation of glucose transport." This simple observation led to the revolution in thinking that converted the image of the cell membrane from an inert structure whose sole function was to limit the size of the cell to a dynamic organ that plays a primary role in the provision of nutrients to intracellular sites for subsequent metabolism. Moreover, this concept has been further extended to include other hormones, vitamins, and drugs. The explosion has been abetted by the field of electron microscopy and in its most sophisticated state has led to the definition of insulin and other membrane receptors and factors controlling hormone receptor interactions. It is with this background that one witnesses the first day's program of the "Festschrift" Symposium. Chaired by the individual who first demonstrated insulin action upon glucose transport of adipose tissues, the Symposium advances to include the biosynthesis and secretion of insulin and then the binding of insulin to membrane receptors. Then, in an effort to unravel the still unexplained mechanism of insulin action upon fat and protein metabolism, the observation that insulin is itself transported into the intersticies of the cell is examined. Finally, Rachmiel Levine presents a cohesive story of insulin action from 1949 to 1980. Lest it be considered that Rachmiel Levine has been solely a researcher without regard to the practice of medicine, I am reminded that it was he and I in 1960 who shared responsibility for the care of one of the first patients with a functioning islet cell adenoma whose diagnosis was established by the radioimmunoassay for insulin. One need hardly comment on the impact that immunoassay has had on the practice of medicine. It is therefore appropriate that the initial presentation of the second day of the Symposium, "Radioimmunoas-


The Lightning Network is a P2P overlay that allows two Bitcoin users to create a new payment channel with a transaction, and later exchange cryptocurrency on that channel independently from the Bitcoin blockchain, improving Bitcoin's scalability issues and making it more suitable for frequent micropayments. Moreover, the channels can also be used to route payments between two users who do not share a direct channel themselves.In this paper we study the topology of the Lightning Network in a given time period, performing a number of analysis on the channels and on the nodes composing the network. We study the churn rate, we evaluate centrality measurements and the clustering coefficient to evaluate the network connectivity, and finally we analyze the presence of a pattern that we named "bouquet". The importance of this pattern is proven by the finding that, removing specific nodes of the "bouquets" (1% of the total) causes the disconnection from the largest component of about 41% nodes.


guished Professor of English and Film Studies at the University of Pittsburgh. She is the author or editor of nine books: Jacques Tati; Shot/Countershot: Film Tradition and Women's Cinema; Imitation of Life; Cinematernity: Film, Motherhood, Genre; Sunrise; Designing Women: Art Deco, Cinema and the Female Form; Stars: The Film Reader, Teaching Film; and Body Double: The Author Incarnate in the Cinema. La Roue: Movies, Modernity, Machine, Mind


In order to provide essential references in feeding management,breeding,meat quality and clinical treatment on rex rabbits,hematological and biochemical parameters were determined with 20 healthy about 2.0 kg weight American strain rex rabbits of 5 months old(male and female in half),10 Belgian rabbits(male and female in half).The results showed that PLT,MCHC,AST,GGT,K+,Ca2+ of American strain rex rabbits were 292.4×109·L-1,379.0 g·L-1,40.3 U·L-1,8.6 U·L-1,6.687 mmol·L-1,3.405 mmol·L-1 respectively.Compared with Belgian rabbits,rex rabbits had a significant lower of MCHC,PLT,PCT,CHO,LDL and Ca2+(P0.01),and a lower of AST,GGT,HDL(P0.05);however,a significant higher of MCV,rate of GRA,AL/AS(P0.01),and a higher of GRA,ALT and UA(P0.05).


9. GUNNAR RM, PIETRAS RJ, BLACKALLER J, DODMUN SE, SZANTO PB, TOBIN JR JR: Correlation of vectorcardiographic criteria for myocardial infarction with autopsy findings. Circulation 35: 158, 1967 10. MCCONAHAY DR, MCCALLISTER BED, HALLERMANN FJ, SMIITH RE: Comparative quantitative analysis of the electrocardiogram and the vectorcardiogram: Correlations with the coronary arteriogram. Circulation 42: 245, 1970 11. ALDERMAN EL, MATLOF HJ, SHU1MWAY NE, HARRISON DC: Evaluation of enzyme testing for the detection of myocardial infarction following direct coronary surgerv. Circulation 48: 135, 1973 12. VhTFENHAUER M, MCANULTY J, KREMKAU LE, ROSCH J, RAHIITOOLA SH: Left ventricular performance on successive days. Circulation 47 and 48 (suppl IV): IV-176, 1973 13. CHAI.MERS TC: Randomization and coronary artery surgery (editorial). Ann Thorac Surg 14: 323, 1972 14. FRIEDBERC CK: Caution and coronary artery surgery (editorial). Circulation 45: 727, 1972 15. SPODI K DH: Revascularization of the heart numerators in search of denominators. Amer Heart J 81: 149, 1971 16. RUITHERFORD BD, ET AL: Left ventricular haemodynamics before and soon after saphenous vein bypass graft operation for angina pectoris. Brit Heart J 34: 1156, 1972 17. BouRASSA MG, LESPERANCE J, CAMPEAu L, SALTIEIL J: Fate of left ventricular contraction following aortocoronary venous grafts. Circulation 46: 724, 1972 18. ARBOGAST R, SOLIGNAC. A, BOURASSA MG: Influernce of aortocoronary saphenous vein bypass surgery on left ventricular volumes and ejection fraction. Amer J Med 54: 290, 1973 19. Ri s G, H u : Influence of aortocoronary bypass surgery on left ventricular performance. New Eng J Med 284: 1116, 1971 20. ANDERSON RP: Effect of coronary bypass graft occlusion on left entricular performance. Circulation 46: 507, 1972 21. ANDERSON RP, BONCHEK LI: Enhancement of ventricular performance by pacing induced tachycardia: A means of assessing the immediate effects of coronary bypass grafts. J Surg Res 14: 490, 1973 22. BREWER KL, BILBRO RH, BARTEL AG: Myocardial infarction as


We have studied the electron–phonon (e–p) interaction in thin Cu and Au films at sub-Kelvin temperatures with the help of the hot electron effect, using symmetric normal metal-insulator-superconductor tunnel junction pairs as thermometers. By Joule heating the electron gas and measuring the electron and the lattice temperatures simultaneously, we show that the electron–phonon scattering rate follows a T4 temperature dependence in both metals. The result is in accordance with the theory of e–p scattering in disordered films with vibrating boundaries and impurities, in contrast to the T3-law expected for pure samples, and T2-law for static disorder. (© 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


Azaspiracid toxins (AZAs) have been identified in marine invertebrates and are of wide geographical distribution, but have not been reported in Argentina or ...


The National Library of the Netherlands (KB) maintains two large collections of books: the Deposit Collection, containing all the Dutch printed publications (one million items), and the Scientific Collection, with about 1.4 million books mainly about the history, language and culture of the Netherlands. – indexed – using its own controlled vocabulary. The Scientific Collection is described using the GTT thesaurus, a huge vocabulary containing 35,194 general concepts, ranging from Wolkenkrabbers (Sky-scrapers) to Verzorging (Care). The books in the Deposit Collection are mainly indexed against the Brinkman thesaurus, which contains a large set of headings (5,221) for describing the overall subjects of books. Both thesauri have similar coverage (2,895 concepts actually have exactly the same label) but differ in granularity. For each concept in the two thesauri, the usual detailed lexical information is provided: preferred labels (each concept has exactly one of them), synonyms (961 for Brinkman, 14,607 for GTT), extra hidden labels (134 for Brinkman, a couple of thousands for GTT) or scope notes (6,236 for GTT, 192 for Brinkman). The language of both thesauri is Dutch, which makes this track ideal for testing alignment in a non-English situation. The two thesauri also provide structural information for their concepts, in the form of broader and related links. However, GTT contains only 15,746 hierarchical broader links between 35,194 concepts and 6,980 associative related links. Within the Brinkman thesaurus, there are 4,572 hierarchical links and 1,855 associative ones. On average, one can expect at most one parent per concept, for an average depth of 1 and 2, respectively. The structural information found in the case is very poor. For the purpose of the OAEI campaign, the two thesauri were made available in SKOS format. OWL versions were also provided, according to the – lossy – conversion rules detailed on the track page.


Many detection technologies have been employed for perimeter detection, to sensitize a barrier. These outdoor perimeter fence detection sensors must reliably detect intruders attempting to cut or climb the barrier, while ignoring the effects of environmental noise, including nearby activity. In recent conference proceedings, the new IntelliFIBER/spl trade/ fiber optic based product was introduced and compared with previous technologies. IntelliFIBER is designed to provide the advantages of a nonconductive "dielectric" cable sensor, e.g., resistance to electromagnetic interference and the ability to provide longer cable zones. It utilizes the proven processor of the Intelli-FLEX/spl trade/ triboelectric cable fence sensor, which provides relay or bidirectional networked serial communications and is compatible with its calibration module. IntelliFIBER also capitalizes on the Intelli-FLEX's adaptive detection algorithms that were developed through extensive field-testing, to provide exceptional immunity to environmental alarms while still detecting the skilled intruder.


A multiple-detecting centralized-control strip error correcting device relates to a strip error correcting device which solves the problem of the original error correcting device that one detecting point needs to be equipped with one detector and one controller corresponding to the detector, wherein the utility model executes the multiple-detecting centralized-control strip error correcting. The utility model comprises a detector (1), a signal line (2) connecting the detector (1) and a control cabinet (3), a wire (4) connecting the control cabinet (3) and a hydraulic (air-actuated) controller (5), an oil (air) pipe (6) which is connected between the hydraulic (air-actuated) controller (5) and an oil (air) cylinder (7), a mechanical executing mechanism (8) connected with the oil (air) cylinder (7), and the like, wherein a plurality of detectors (1) are arranged behind an outlet of the mechanical executing mechanism (8) according to the requirement and connected with the control cabinet (3) in parallel through the signal line (2).


The paper explains the necessity, for humanoid robots, of the body schema, as a middleware between motor cognition and motor control. A specific model of body schema is described, based on the Passive Motion Paradigm, which uses force fields for representing goals and internal/external constraints. The integration of the body schema with motor control is discussed in relation with whole body movements. Finally, the integration with sensorimotor cognitive processes is addressed, in the context of learning/discovering the use of tools in skilled behavior.


In ancient times there was only one citrus species, C. tachibana,2 indigenous in Japan. The Japanese people have known this fruit since the very beginning of their history. The widespread occurrence of it in the main Islands of Japan makes it very probable that it is in fact a wild species that has persisted since prehistoric times. The species is very similar in its characters to the mandarin orange (27). There has undoubtedly been a migration of citrus varieties from China to Japan but his torical records on these introductions are obscure. The sour orange, however, is known to have been introduced into Japan in about 50 A.D. (24). Subsequently, the 'Yuzu' (C. junos), trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata), 'Kishu' (C. kinokuni), Kunembo (C nobilis), citron (C. medica), shaddock (C. grandis), kumquat (Fortunella japonica), tangerine (C. tangerina) and others were introduced from China and other countries. Following the establishment of the Horticultural Experiment Station, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry at Okitsu in 1902, many citrus varieties were introduced to Japan from the United States. These varieties included the 'Washington* navel, 'Joppa* and 'Valencia' sweet oranges and several varieties of grapefruit and lemons. During the last three centuries many citrus varieties have originated in various parts of Japan by natural hybridization and bud muta tion. Among these are the satsuma (C. unshiu) and the 'Natsudaidai' (C. natsudaidai). The sat suma is called Unshu-Mikan in Japan. It has long been known in Kyushu, the southern island of Japan, and it is probable that it originated there as a chance seedling from a citrus fruit from China (23). Up until about 1880, the mandarin orange called 'Kishu' was the principal citrus variety


This study takes an empirical approach with the view to finding the relationship between business plans and corporate performance in its analysis of Korea's Small and Mid-sized Enterprises (SMEs). For this study, the authors extracted five components of business plans and three kinds of corporate performances through the study of literatures and preliminary examination. The results showed that a good corporate performance is to be had only under an excellent plan and by following excellent implementation.


There is no doubt that every society tends to operate with what they considered the good life or the common good suitable to their social formation. But, the problem here is that people sometimes disagree as to what they considered good. What this implies for our conception of the common good in Africa is that the socio-political structure should be arranged in such a way that stakeholders in the society are guaranteed of fairness in the distribution of opportunities and benefits. For, it is only when stakeholders are duly recognized in the scheme of things, that we can expect their commitment to the common good. The common good is thus a kind of social relationship, which is somehow constituted by the coordination of the personal activities of members of the state. The common good then can thus be conceived as the platform of the existence of any social order. It is a good of all members of the society. On this showing, the common good is not a mere collection of individual interests, and it is not a surrogate for the sum of the different individual goods. This paper will investigate the conflict between individual interest and the common good in African political philosophy. "Members of a community are expected to show concern for the wellbeing of one another, to do what they can to advance the common good, and generally to participate in the community life. They have intellectual and ideological as well as emotional attachments to their shared goals and values and, as long as they cherish them, they are ever ready to pursue and defend them" (Gyekye, 1997:42)


Poster: "ECR 2017 / B-0513 / The significance of radiographic and ultrasonographic findings in the management of necrotising enterocolitis - results from a survey" by: "M. K. E. Ahle1, E. Rubesova2, H. Ringertz2; 1Linkoping/SE, 2Stanford, CA/US"


Recent advances in ambient curable emulsion coatings are summarized. The mechanism and characters of different crosslinking systems, the properties and the application of the crosslinked coatings are mainly recommended.


Cation radical salts of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) were studied in terms of dimerization of the radical cation, and compared with the salts of other aromatic diamines, including Wurster's blue perchlorate. ESR spectra of several TMB salts were measured in solid-state, and analyzed by the singlet-tripelt model for a radical dimer. The singlet-triplet energy separation has been obtained as 0.15 eV for (TMB)ClO 4 . The dimerization of the TMB radical cation in acetonitrile solution of (TMB)ClO 4 was estimated from ESR and visible spectral results. In consequence, (TMB) +. is highly dimerizable in solution, compared with the systems of other diamines.


Islamic education management plays an important role in the management and development of an Islamic-based curriculum. The purpose of this study was to analyze the application of Islamic education management principles in Islamic school curriculum development. The study used a systematic literature review method. The acquisition of data analyzed as many as 21 publication documents. Data obtained through database dimensions in the period 1970–2023 There were no limitations on collecting data in any form. The analysis stage uses NVivo software in order to obtain more accurate theme points. The results obtained through in vivo analysis include the formation of Islamic character, increased academic achievement, respect for Islamic values, community participation, and the application of Islamic teachings in the field. So that Islamic education can have a substantial and positive impact not only on students but also on Muslim society as a whole, maintaining and improving its quality requires the application of management principles in Islamic education.


Popper denied traditional scientific view fundamentally with his original falsificationism whose core is the "Principle of Palsification", and realized transcendency to traditional scientific view in an allround way: Ⅰ.It did fruitful settlement to " Problem of Induction"; Ⅱ.It explained again a series of traditional problems, including the knowledge's increase, the truth, the theory's formation, the relation between theory and observation, the demarcation standard of science and nonscience, the view of scientific method, etc.


The parameterized satisfiability problem over a set of Boolean
relations Gamma (SAT(Gamma)) is the problem of determining
whether a conjunctive formula over Gamma has at least one
model. Due to Schaefer's dichotomy theorem the computational
complexity of SAT(Gamma), modulo polynomial-time reductions, has
been completely determined: SAT(Gamma) is always either tractable
or NP-complete. More recently, the problem of studying the
relationship between the complexity of the NP-complete cases of
SAT(Gamma) with restricted notions of reductions has attracted
attention. For example, Impagliazzo et al. studied the complexity of
k-SAT and proved that the worst-case time complexity increases
infinitely often for larger values of k, unless 3-SAT is solvable in
subexponential time. In a similar line of research Jonsson et al.
studied the complexity of SAT(Gamma) with algebraic tools borrowed
from clone theory and proved that there exists an NP-complete problem
SAT(R^{neq,neq,neq,01}_{1/3}) such that there cannot exist any NP-complete SAT(Gamma) problem with strictly lower worst-case time complexity: the easiest NP-complete SAT(Gamma) problem. In this paper
we are interested in classifying the NP-complete SAT(Gamma)
problems whose worst-case time complexity is lower than 1-in-3-SAT but
higher than the easiest problem SAT(R^{neq,neq,neq,01}_{1/3}). Recently it was conjectured that there only exists three satisfiability problems of this form. We prove that this conjecture does not hold and that there is an infinite number of such SAT(Gamma) problems. In the process we determine several algebraic properties of 1-in-3-SAT and related problems, which could be of independent interest for constructing exponential-time algorithms.


With the method of spatial series substituting for time series,Tsuga tchekiangensis Flous population structure was analyzed in Wuyishan State Nature Reserve.The results showed that the young and middle-aged trees were primary components in T.tchekiangensis populations of plots 1,2 and 4.However,the young and old trees were main components in that of plots 3 and 5.The study on spatial distribution pattern by using five aggregate indices indicated that the type of distribution pattern was clumped,but the causes for this were different.Based on the survival curve,mortality curve and mortality ratio curve,the results showed that the population had one valley of morality,and the survival curve of the population tended to belong to the type of DeeveyⅡ.


The article deals with the materials showing the features of the economic statistical study of residential real estate market. Development of the concept of real estate market is analyzed. The structure, functions and goals of the real estate market study are described. The paper presents the factors that influence the main trends of the residential real estate market. The author discusses the key problems of the economic statistical study of the residential real estate market.


Despite intensive research, the range of effective medications in the treatment of hypertension remains limited. Critical review of large numbers of patients demonstrates a disturbing proportion who have inadequate control of blood pressure because of resistance, intolerable side effects or postural hypotension. Consequently, there is pressing need for new drugs which differ in their mode of action from those currently available which preserve homceostatic cardiovascular responses and have tolerable and rapidly reversible side effects.


ABSTRACT The English teacher encountering a student of English as a second language (ESL) with significant writing problems must find an appropriate way of responding, finding a balance between being overly sympathetic and being overly concerned with correctness. ESL students are learning English from many sources, not just the teacher, and the teacher's job is less to teach English than to coach students as they modify their own idiosyncratic versions of the language to approach the standard form. Responding effectively to ESL writing is similar to responding to native English writing, with some important differences. S^me are cultural and involve the student's background knowledge, internalized rhetorical patterns, and assumptions about the world. Most significantly, ESL writers need more help with the language. Written feedback should not overemphasize grammar. The feedback should be short, focused, positive, and corrective. Error correction should treat errors as a natural part of language learning and should be clear and neatly written enough to help rather than confuse the student. (Appended are six handouts for practical guidance to teachers, including an annotated bibliography.) (MSE)


We have designed, fabricated and tested 80-cm aperture phase plates for smoothing the Nova laser beams in the target plane. The phase plate consists of a spatially random two-dimensional pattern of bilevel hexagonal elements which introduce a relative phase delay of 0 or π. Fabrication of phase plates involves deposition of a SiO2 pattern on a SiO2 substrate through a sequence of chemical and optical steps. We have measured and analyzed the near field diffraction pattern produced by such phase plates and chosen to place them behind the target focus lens to minimize the threat of optical damage. The phase plate properties are characterized by measuring the far-field and the quasi far-field diffraction pattern in terms of the spatial Fourier distribution of intensities. We will discuss theoretical modeling of the performance of these phase plates including a description of the phase aberrations of the Nova beam. We will compare the predicted performance of the phase plates with the measured characteristics.


In the first two sections of this paper, the author surveys the
troubled history of science and modernist poetry, and identifies
the operations of metaphor and analogical thinking as the foremost
contract zone between these two "realms." He then discusses,
in the third section, the salience of this insight in relation to the
question of Philippine poetry in English, which he argues to be, by
definition, representationally complex and ironic. This leads him to
the idea that modernist-inspired "avant-garde" experimentations
have generally not "prospered" in the Philippines's anglophone
poetic tradition precisely because their "condition for possibility"
(a scientificized cultural ground) cannot be said to have fully taken
root in this neocolonially indentured country in the Global South.
On the other hand, a critical awareness of this tradition's linguistic
and cultural complexity should reveal that "self-reflexive" moments
(typically exclusively associated with modernist aesthetics) are,
after all, already very much in evidence in it. The paper ends with a
presentation of science-themed poems by a selection of outstanding
Filipino poets.
Keywords: Poetry, Science, Philippine Literature, Modernism, Representation


In almost all developed countries, competition for banks has come from the opening of debt markets and markets for mutual funds and also from entry by foreign banks and non-banks. A few examples will suffice to recall this well-known scenario to mind. In Japan, in 1975,90 per cent of the corporate debt of public companies was bank debt, but by 1992 it was less than 50 per cent (Hoshi et al., 1993). In the case of Germany, the Deutsche Bundesbank (1987) reported that: 'In the last few years, financing through securities has increasingly taken the place of conventional bank credit.' Later, the Bundesbank (1992) reported that over the period 1978-89, the stock of liabilities of large corporations to banks decreased from 13.7 to 7.6 as a percentage of total assets. In the US thebank share of short-term (non-financial) corporate debt fell from about 70 per cent in the late 1970s to less than 60 per cent by the late 1980s. Consistent with direct competition from the junk-bond market, large US banks' stocks showed an abnormally positive return upon announcement of the demise of Drexel Burnham Lambert (see Benvenisteef al., 1993). In addition to competition from debt markets, foreign banks have become important in many countries' domestic banking markets. For example, foreign banks held 16.8 per cent of US banking assets in 1982, but by 1989 this had reached 26 per cent. Japan's percentage share of US domestic banking assets was 15percentin 1989, up from 6.4 per cent in 1982. There is also competition from non-banks. Non-banksubsidiaries of General Electric, Westinghouse, IBM, and Weyerhaeuser, together with Heller and Transamerica, accounted for $58 billion of


With the advent of next-generation safety-related systems, different industries face multiple challenges in ensuring the safe operation of these systems according to traditional safety and assurance techniques. The increasing complexity that characterizes these systems hampers the maximum achievable test coverage during system verification and, consequently, it often results in untested behaviors that hinder safety assurance and represent potential risk sources during system operation. In the context of paving the way towards quantifying the risks caused by software malfunction and, hence, towards the safety-compliance of next-generation safety-related systems, this paper studies and provides a method to estimate the probability of Linux kernel execution paths that remain unobserved during the test campaign.


The primary compliance risks faced by private hospitals in South Africa were analysed. Compliance for private hospitals fell into three categories: patient care, regulatory compliance and human resources. The results of this study indicated that these hospitals are struggling to ensure compliance as a result of the complexity of and constant changes to applicable legislation. The study confirmed that private hospitals face compliance risk. A compliance framework was developed, which could reduce compliance risk of private hospitals in South Africa. Outsourcing could be considered in order to focus on core business activities and to reduce the cost of compliance.


CHS is a cutaneous, T cell‐dependent, inflammatory reaction mediated mainly by antigen‐specific effector T cells. Bortezomib is a proteasome inhibitor that has shown impressive efficacy for the treatment of multiple myeloma. In the current study, we have assessed the effect of bortezomib treatment of CHS in mice and found that bortezomib potently inhibited CHS responses. The attenuation of CHS responses was associated with decreased inflammatory cell infiltration in the challenged skin. Specifically, bortezomib‐treated mice showed significantly decreased numbers of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in the challenged skin and draining lymph nodes. Cytoplasmic IFN‐γ production by CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in the draining lymph nodes was decreased substantially by bortezomib treatment. Notably, bortezomib enhanced T cell apoptosis by inhibiting NF‐κB activation during CHS responses. Thus, bortezomib treatment is likely to induce T cell death, thereby suppressing CHS responses by reducing IFN‐γ production. These findings suggest that bortezomib treatment could be a promising strategy for treating autoimmune and inflammatory disease.


The thermal shock resistance of hot pressed TiC composites reinforced by chopped carbon fiber (20vol%) were investigated by evaluating the mechanical and thermophysical properties The results show that with an addition of chopped carbon fibers, the strength and fracture toughness are increased remarkably, and the elastic modulus and thermal expansion coefficient are decreased, therefore, the thermal stress fracture resistance parameter,R, thermal stress damage resistance parameter, R TV ,and thermal stress crack stability parameter, R ST , are all increased The residual strength is decreased significantly when the thermal shock temperature difference, ΔT, is higher than 900℃ The increase of thermal diffusivity of the composites is beneficial to the thermal shock resistance The strengthening mechanism of C f/TiC composites is loading transferring, and the toughening mechanisms are crack bridging and fiber pull out


Realization of high accuracies and efficiencies in South Indian character recognition systems is one of the principle goals to be attempted time after time so as to promote the usage of optical character recognition (OCR) for South Indian languages like Telugu. The process of character recognition comprises pre-processing, segmentation, feature extraction, classification and recognition. The feature extraction stage is meant for uniquely recognizing each character image for the purpose of classifying it. The selection of a feature extraction algorithm is very critical and important for any image processing application and mostly of the times it is directly proportional to the type of the image objects that we have to identify. For optical technologies like South Indian OCR, the feature extraction technique plays a very vital role in accuracy of recognition due to the huge character sets. In this work we mainly focus on evaluating the performance of various feature extraction techniques with respect to Telugu character recognition systems and analyze its efficiencies and accuracies in recognition of Telugu character set.


This research article pertains to a process for the preparation of lyophilized absorbable gelatin sponge. The Kenics static mixer was used for gelatin foam preparation and subsequently lyophilized in a freeze dryer. The lyophilized sponge was characterized for its pore size, bulk density, degree of cross-linking, mechanical stability, water absorption capacity, water intake rate, and thermal stability. The extent of cross-linking was evaluated by gelatin solubility test method. With increasing concentration of formaldehyde, Young's modulus and the stress at break increases and the strain at break decreases. Simultaneously, cross-linking provokes a significant reduction of swelling in water and it enhances the thermal stability of the sample as indicated by the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) investigations. The pore size and bulk density of the dried sponge was found to increase from 100 to 500 µm and decrease from 26.7 to 22.4 kg/m3, respectively, with an increase in freezing temperature from −70 to −20°C. The drying study at different temperatures reveals that the effective diffusivity of moisture in foam increases from 7.5396 × 10−8 to 9.8285 × 10−8 m2/s with an increase in drying temperature from 40 to 60°C during the desorption stage. The sponge prepared from gelatin can be utilized as a promising matrix for wound healing and other surgical applications.


Background: We have identified a 55 kDa membrane protein of rat type II pneumocytes that is involved in SP-A mediated surfactant uptake and recycling.


A novel three-dimensional (3D) isolation bearing for bridge structures was proposed. The new isolation device is composed of several devices, mainly including: combined disk spring, rhombic steel plate damper, and conventional horizontal isolation device (e.g., lead rubber bearing). The configuration component and mechanical design method are introduced. Experimental testing of every main part of the novel bearing was performed to verify its mechanical performance. Horizontal and vertical pseudo-static mechanical behavior of the proposed 3D isolation bearing (3DIB) were tested on a full-scale 3DIB, respectively. Experimental testing indicated that the proposed 3DIB has reasonable configuration and an explicit mechanical transmission mechanism. The employed component in this paper can satisfy the need for 3D isolation technology from the viewpoint of configuration and mechanical aspect. Pseudo-static tests and case study revealed that appropriate energy dissipation performance can be achieved by reasonable design, keeping favorable stability at plentiful displacement.


High statistics, high resolution (in s and t) measurements have been made of π−p elastic scattering between 1.9 and 9.5 GeV/c and of π+p between 1.9 and 6.3 GeV/c. A roughly constant angular range was covered with −0.3<cosϑc.m.<+0.4. The data fill an important gap in existing measurements and allow sensitive tests of two theoretical models of hadronic scattering. Models with rising densities of states, such as the statistical bootstrap model predict statistical fluctuations in the cross section as √s is changed by a typical resonance width. Such fluctuations were first investigated by Ericson in nuclear physics and have been proposed for hadronic scattering by Frautschi. Our data show significant structure that can be interpreted as Ericson fluctuations. Scaling predictions have been made based on the quark parton model that at constant angle dσ/dt∝s−8. We find the measured cross sections do not conform to this prediction in detail.


Islamic women view has manifested the idea of "the male and female mutual promotion of the five elements","harmonious sex"and the woman achievement.However,Islamic women view based on the feudal paternal line and private ownership foundation also cannot get rid of the limitation of times.In the practical life,the feudal idea still occupies the dominant position of the Islamic women view that men are superior to women,and male power is supreme.Therefore,studying the Islamic women view with the social gender theory has the important significance to study Islamism and improve the Muslim women's circumstances,and to enhance the Muslim woman's status in the family and the society.


Multiple electronic states of nitrogen molecules are coherently excited by sub-5 fs harmonics. The generated electron wavepackets between neutral electronic states and singly-charged electronic states are probed by sub-5 fs harmonics by detecting fragment ions.


This Technical Report covers the third and concluding experimental study concerned with the legibility of letter and word patterns formed by "dots" or individual elements. The first study was limited to letters, printed in black and white. The second study added letters printed in "gray scale" (i. e., printing signal and noise elements in brightnesses proportional to their respective intensities). The third study added four-letter words and four-letter "jumbles", printed in both gray scale and black and white. Other stimulus variables (matrix size, type of degradation, and degree of degradation) were the same as in the two earlier studies. The same factors as in the previous studies were found to decrease legibility. Again legibility loss was minimized, by the use of a larger matrix and by printing in the gray scale. Four-letter words and single letters were equally legible (or illegible); four-letter jumbles were less legible under all experimental conditions. The less highly trained observers in this study demonstrated consistently lower and more variable performance than those of the earlier studies, using the same stimulus patterns. Tentative recommendations are made for the engineering design of elemental printers in order to achieve greatest legibility. PUBLICATION APPROVAL 1'anuscript copy of this report has been reviewed and found satisfactory for publication. For the Commanding General: ROBERT H. BLOUMT Colonel, USAF(MC) Chief, Aero Medical Laboratory Research Division


We study the relationship between entanglement and parametric resonance in a system of two coupled time-dependent oscillators. As a measure of bipartite entanglement, we calculate the linear entropy for the reduced density operator, from which we study the entanglement dynamics. In particular, we find that the bipartite entanglement increases in time up to a maximal mixing scenario, when the set of auxiliary dynamical parameters are under parametric resonance. Moreover, we obtain a closed relationship between the correlations in the ground state, the localization of the Wigner function in phase space, and the localization of the wave function of the total system.


ABSTRACT We report the first human case of meningitis and sepsis caused in a child by Actinobacillus suis or A. equuli, a common opportunistic pathogen of swine or horses, respectively. Identification was performed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization–time of flight mass spectrometry and real-time PCR assay. A previous visit to a farm was suspected as the source of infection.


Six Sigma as an initiative for quality improvement and business excellence has been a subject of intense study and discussion in the past 15 years. Although concepts and templates, such as Define-Measure-Analyse-Improve-Control (DMAIC), have been frequently presented and advocated, there exist a number of different perspectives as to what fundamentally Six Sigma is capable of. In this paper, we examine the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) associated with the application of the common version of Six Sigma. Some statistical, engineering and management aspects are considered. Thus, a realistic technical as well as management review of Six Sigma is made, 20 years after its inception.


A kind of track and recognition method for moving target under transitory occlusion based on image is studied.Firstly,track method is described.Secondly,a kind of effective judgement condition for occlusion is presented.This algorithm makes full use of previous information,and the effect of noise to it is very small.At last,linear-N-point polynomial is discussed in detail.The algorithm is already applied into practical moving target track under occlusion,whose horizontal velocity is6°/s,and vertical velocity is 3°/s.The experimental results show that the algorithm is effective.


A multichannel electrometer voltmeter that employs a mechanical resonator maintained in sustained amplitude-stabilized oscillation has been developed for the space-based measurement of an Internal Electrostatic Discharge Monitor (IESDM) sensor. The IESDM is new sensor technology targeted for integration into a Space Environmental Monitor (SEM) subsystem used for the characterization and monitoring of deep dielectric charging on spacecraft. Creating a stable oscillator from the mechanical resonator was achieved by employing magnetic induction for sensing the resonator s velocity, and forcing a current through a coil embedded in the resonator to produce a Lorentz actuation force that overcomes the resonator s dissipative losses. Control electronics employing an AGC loop provide conditions for stabilized, constant amplitude harmonic oscillation. The prototype resonator was composed of insulating FR4 printed-wireboard (PWB) material containing a flat, embedded, rectangular coil connected through flexure springs to a base PWB, and immersed in a magnetic field having two regions of opposite field direction generated by four neodymium block magnets. In addition to maintaining the mechanical movement needed for the electrometer s capacitor-probe transducer, this oscillator provides a reference signal for synchronous detection of the capacitor probe s output signal current so drift of oscillation frequency due to environmental effects is inconsequential.


It was found by linear scanning polarography,that in an HOAc-NaOAc buffer solution of pH 4.48 a sensitive reduction wave of allopurinol was observed at the potential of-1.534V(vs.SCE).Linear relationship between values of the 1st derivative of peak current at-1.534Vand mass concentration of allopurinol was obtained in the range of 1.0-100.0mg·L-1 with detection limit(3S/N)of 0.7 mg·L-1.Precision was tested with standard solution of allopurinol of 100.0 mg·L-1 for 6determinations,value of RSD found was 0.89%.The proposed method was used in the determination of content of allopurinol in its tablets,giving results in consistency with the labelled value.Recovery was tested by addition of standard solution at 3concentration levels,giving value of average recovery of 99.2%.


Introduction: Organizations can manage knowledge inside and create organizational learning mechanisms to integrate Knowledge Management (KM) at their core of strategic policies. Objective: This research was conducted to identify and prioritize influential factors on the effective performance of KM in a specialized cardiovascular on-call hospital. Materials and Methods: The methodology of this study was cross-sectional analytical. The statistical population included all personnel with Bauchler (BSc) and higher degrees in a specialty cardiovascular hospital in Karaj City, Iran (n=452). The data collection tool was a researcher-made 38-item questionnaire. The reliability of the research tool was estimated as 0.97 using the Cronbach α coefficient. The exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed to analyze the obtained data. Results: Based on the findings, 64.2% of the participants were females 48.37% had Bauchler degree. Five major factors were identified in the adequate performance of KM in hospitals, and they explained 76.21% of the general variance. Among these variables, technological and cultural factors (0.94) had the most and human factor (0.41) the least regressive weight. The knowledge management situation was lower than the mean score of the questionnaire (P=0.01, Mean±SD= 2.52±1.08). Conclusion: Organizational culture and technology are more important than other factors to establish KM. Therefore, maintaining and strengthening the cultural components affecting KM and establishing the necessary information technology should be the priorities of universities of medical sciences.


We discuss the astrophysical science case for a decihertz gravitational-wave mission. We focus on unique opportunities for scientific discovery in this frequency range, including probes of type IA supernova progenitors, mergers in the presence of third bodies, intermediate mass black holes, seeds of massive black holes, improved sky localization, and tracking the population of merging compact binaries.


In the last years, the unconventional bioorthogonal catalytic activation of anticancer metal complexes by flavin and flavoproteins photocatalysis has been described. The reactivity is based on a two-electron redox reaction of the photoactivated flavin. Furthermore, when it comes to flavoproteins, we recently reported that site mutagenesis can modulate and improve this catalytic activity in the mini Singlet Oxygen Generator protein (SOG). In this paper, we analyze the reductive half-reaction in the different miniSOG environments by means of density functional theory. We report that the redox properties of the flavin and the resulting reactivity of miniSOG is modulated by specific mutations, in line with the experimental results in the literature. This modulation can be attributed to fundamental physicochemical properties of the system, specifically (i) the competition of single and double reduction of the flavin and (ii) the probability of electron transfer from the protein to the flavin. These factors are ultimately linked to the stability of the electronaccepting orbitals of the flavin in the different coordination modes.


The aim of Technical Notes is to bring to the notice of readers current topics which are not directly related to recent papers or letters already published in Giotechnique. The articles should not only be original and topical but also essentially short and concise. Each Technical Note should be limited to 1000-2000 words, together with only essential equations and illustrations. The content of Notes should be of interest to the general reader and might comprise such information as


PURPOSE: The communication system, transmitter, method of protection against transmission errors is provided to remove many processing procedures as there are levels of importance, which leads to an expensive solution of low flexibility to a high degree by proposing a communication system, a transmitter, as well as a method for the purpose of protecting primary data frames transmitted over a communication channel in a selective manner which is more reliable and less expensive than that described in the prior art document. CONSTITUTION: A transmitter comprising means for generating frames of primary digital data and designed for transmitting the frames of primary digital data protected against errors to a receiver via a communication channel, characterized in that the protection method comprises attribution means for attributing a priority level to each of the frames of primary data, and protection means of the FEC type against transmission errors for adding redundancy data packets to the frames of primary data for which a protection is sought, the quantity of the redundancy data being a function of the level of priority of the primary frame under consideration and of the error rate of the communication channel, the protection means delivering the frames of protected data over the communication channel.


Pre-race dosing of horses with alkalinising agents to manipulate performance has been evident in racing worldwide for over 30 years. To regulate the use of alkalinising agents, racing authorities adopted thresholds for total plasma carbon dioxide (TCO2 ) in racehorses. Traditionally, racing laboratories have measured plasma TCO2 using ion selective electrode (ISE) technology, with the Association of Official Racing Chemists (AORC) approving the use of only three ISE instruments for measurement. Due to the manufacture and support of these instruments ceasing, racing laboratories have explored alternative techniques to measure plasma TCO2 . In this study, HSGCMS with fully automated sample preparation was investigated as an alternative technique to ISE. Sample preparation was carried out online on a Gerstel robot, where plasma was aspirated directly from sealed vacutainer tubes before further treatment and headspace injection into a GCMS. The method was successfully cross validated against a Beckman Unicel DxC®600, meeting all criteria stipulated in the AORC cross-validation protocol. The method achieved an accuracy of 99.8%, within-run RSD of 0.22% and interday reproducibility of 0.04 mM, all significant improvements on the authors ISE method. A population study was also conducted to ensure the plasma TCO2 threshold, established with ISE methodology, did not change with the developed HSGCMS method. The concentrations and standard deviations for the two methods were almost identical, HSGCMS mean 30.62 mM, standard deviation 1.65 mM, and ISE 30.65 mM and 1.55 mM. The results indicate the fully automated HSGCMS method is suitable for measurement of equine plasma TCO2 for regulatory purposes.


Objective: We investigated the efficacy and safety of retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) as a primary treatment for staghorn calculi. Methods: From 2012 to 2016, we identified 39 patients with staghorn calculi who received RIRS as a primary treatment. During the study period, no staghorn calculi were treated primarily with percutaneous nephrolithotomy or any other modality. A stone-free status after RIRS was defined as no detectable stone fragments on X-rays or computed tomography scans. Results: Of 39 patients who received 134 procedures (median 3 procedures per patient; range: 1-11; mean stone length: 60.5 ± 23.0 mm), 18 (46%) and 21 (54%) had staghorn calculi <60 and >60 mm in maximum length, respectively. The stone-free rates after the first and final procedures were 21% (8 of 39) and 62% (24 of 39), respectively; overall, 39% (7 of 18) and 78% (14 of 18), respectively, for the 18 patients with <60 mm staghorn calculi; and 5% (1 of 21) and 48% (10 of 21), respectively, for the 21 patients with >60 mm calculi. Multivariate analysis revealed a maximum stone length >60 mm to be the only independent predictor of a stone-free status after the first and final procedures. During the treatment series, perioperative complications occurred in 16 (41%) patients. Only one patient presented with a Clavien-Dindo grade III complication (malposition of a ureteral stent). Conclusions: RIRS is a safe and effective treatment option for staghorn calculi.


Employee's creativity is one of the most important factors affecting employees' performance. The aim of the present research was to investigate the effect of three personal characteristics of. need for cognition, self-enhancement motive, and learning orientation on sale employees' creativity. The research employed a descriptive design. The research population consisted of Sale employees of food companies located in industrial areas of Mazandaran provine. The sample included all the population members (269 sale employees). To gather the data, Need for Cognition (Cacioppo et al., 1996), Self-Enhancement Motive (Yun et al., 2007), Learning Orientation (Elliot and Church, 1997) and Creativity (Zhou and George, 2001) questionnaires were used. Pearson correlation coefficient and path analysis were used for data analysis by using SPSS and LISREL softwares. Results of the study indicated the significant positive effect of need for cognition on creativity (P<0.01), learning orientation has on creativity (P<0.01), Based on the research and self- enhancement employees, creativity (P<0.01). Based on the results, it can be concluded that sale employees who have stronger need for cognition, learning orientation and self-enhancement motive are more creative than other sale employees.


Evaluation of population of B.subtilis on dry coconut cake, cotton seed cake, groundnut seed cake and nutrient broth in continuous fermentation was analyzed for 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42, 48, 54, 60, 66, 72, 78, 84, 90, 96, 102 and 108 hours of fermentation and the maximum and continuous growth was observed in cotton seed cake broth and recorded 160 x10 8 CFU in 108 hours of duration. Cotton cake broth was followed by coconut cake extract and showed a significant growth in 60 to 78 hours of fermentation and recorded 130x 10 8 CFU. But the population deceased from 84 to 108 hours of fermentation. Groundnut seed cake extract recorded a significant growth at 78 to 84 hours and decreased from 90 hours of fermentation. All the result was compared with standard nutrient broth and recorded a highly significant activity of 160x10 8 CFU in 78 and 84 hours of fermentation.


Pond filter having a housing (3) (1), housing (3) in a bottom surface (3.5) can be supported on a base, having a longitudinal axis and a transverse axis and in its housing wall ( 3.1) constituting a water inlet (3.2), a channel outlet (3.4) and a pond outlet (3.3), in which is formed a discharge outlet from the water inlet to the tank flow path within the housing in the filtration process and the a flow passage provided with a filter means (5); characterized in that, in the flow passage is provided a pre-filter means (7) in front of the filter device (5).


To meet the high-energy-density requirement of Li secondary batteries for EV applications, Li metal is still being re-examined extensively beyond conventional carbon-based anode active materials. However, unlike intercalation mechanism-based anodes, Li metal anodes (LMAs), suffering from significant surface morphology changes during electroplating and stripping, can accompany several issues such as Li dendrite growth and continuous side reactions, thereby leading to the poor electrochemical performance and cycle stability. Among various reasons of the Li dendrite formation, inhomogeneous and slow Li+ transport to the LMAs are representatively known, accelerating irregular electrodeposition and rapid Li+ depletion on the LMA surface.
 In this study, we attempted to simulate Li dendrite growth under practical current conditions by developing a 2D Li electrodeposition model. Based on this model, we analyzed the geometric-electrochemical characteristics of Li metal interface depending on Li+ concentration distribution in the electrolyte and SEI. Furthermore, in order to verify a nanomaterial-based micro-convection effect in the electrolyte for improving mass transfer, the Li+ concentration change nearby the interface was calculated while simulating the Li dendritic growth. Also, real 2D morphologies of the Li dendrites were reconstructed and analyzed together in a similar way. As a result, the micro-convection enables relatively uniform Li+ distribution at the LMA interface and enhances the mass transport in the electrolyte, which can suppress the Li dendrite growth even at 5.0 mA cm-2.


The Psychology of Personal Constructs (Kelly) is examined and found to suffer from an 'Origin Problem'. In order to solve the Origin Problem, a new postulate, the 'Origin Postulate', is proposed and incorporated into the theory's assumptive structure. The Origin Postulate leads to a consistent account of the initial formation and elaboration of systems of personal constructs. It suggests that as a consequence of our biological evolution we begin life, not with a construct-free 'tabula rasa', but already in possession of a set of 'primitive constructs' or constructional predispositions which serve as the starting-points for the elaboration of our personal constructs. It is then shown how the dimensions of the Semantic Differential, the process of imprinting, and even the Jungian archetypes can be understood in terms of the Origin Postulate and its primitive constructs. Another weakness in Kelly's theory is then pinpointed and, with some aid from the Origin Postulate, it yields to the 'Emotion Corollary'. A general 'interpretation' of emotional phenomena results which incorporates and extends those conceptions originally put forth by Kelly (and later elaborated by McCoy). Emotions are hypothesized to be what occurs when a certain kind of primitive construct is employed in the appraisal of an event. In conclusion, some evidence in support of the proposed interpretation is adduced.


Objective To investigate the concentration of TNF-αand IL-6 in blood serum level in sleep deprivation model of SD rats under hypoxia and hypothermia conditions.Methods Healthy adult SD rats were randomly allocated into five groups including antitheses group(CC group),sleep deprivation group(SD_0) and sleep deprivation group at the 1st day,the 4th day and the 7th day(SD_1,SD_4,SD_7) under hypoxia and hypothermia conditions.ELISA were used to test the concentration of the blood serum of TNF-αand IL-6.Results(1)Compared with the CC group,the concentration of blood serum TNF-a in SD_1,SD_4 and SD_7 group rise significantly(P0.05 and P0.01);there was no significant different in TNF-αconcentration between SD_0 and SD_1 group(P0.05),while the TNF-αconcentration in SD_4 and SD_7 group rise significantly(P0.01).The serum TNF-αconcentration tends to rise as the sleep deprivation prolongs.(2) Compared with the CC group,the concentration of blood scrum IL-6 in SD_1,SD_4 and SD_7 group rise significantly(P0.01);compared with the SD_0 group,the concentration of blood serum IL-6 in SD_1,SD4 and SD_7 group rise significantly(P0.01).The concentration of blood serum IL-6 tends to rise first and then decline as the sleep deprivation prolongs.Conclusion(1)The expression of TNF-αand IL-6 in blood serum of the sleep deprivation SD rats were related with degree and duration of sleep deprivation.(2) The rise in TNF-αand IL-6 caused by hypoxia,hypothermia and sleep deprivation might protect the brain cells in the short run,but longterm continued increase of its level would like to injure the neuron.


In the original study, using freshmen data, 291 male college graduates in physics, zoology, sociology, and history were used to test four hypotheses derived from other MMPI studies of science students. Only one of the four hypotheses was supported: physics and zoology students were higher on Social Introversion than sociology and history students. For this replication, a second sample of 326 male graduates was obtained in the same majors and the data were reanalyzed to compare the four majors and the two time periods on each dependent variable. This time two of the four hypotheses were supported: the physics and zoology majors are higher on Social Introversion (p < .001) and lower on Psychopathic deviate scale (p < .001) than the sociology and history majors. Also, the physics and zoology majors are considerably higher on aptitude and achievement data than the sociology and history majors. The findings with the MMPI have small but favorable implications for the Roe and the Holland theories of career development.


Since the notion of G-struetures on a differentiable manifold M was introduced by S. S. Chern [2] ( 1 ) in 1953, a number of papers on this subject have been published by many writers, such as D. Bernard, R. S. Clark and M. Bruckheimer. Many structures which appear in differential geometry are closely related to the G-structures defined by certain special tensor fields whose components relative to some covering of M by moving frames are constants. Especially, among the G-structures defined by special vector 1-forms one finds the almost product, the almost complex and the almost tangent structures, etc.. As is well known, for such a G-structure we can define two tensors, that is, the Chern invariant and the Nijenhuis tensor. These two tensors play an impotant role in the theory of connections and the integrability of the Gstructures. So far, however, we have known of the relation between them only in some special cases. For example, the Chern invariant vanishes if and only if the Nijenhuis tensor vanishes for almost product, almost complex and almost tangent structures [3]. The main purpose of this paper is to investigate how such a relation will be generalized in the case of the real G-structure defined by any special vector 1-form whose eigenvalues are all real. As usual, we assume that all the objects we encounter in this paper are of class C°°.


This is a descriptive study involving 81 prostitutes from Fortaleza - CE, Brazil in October of 2005. Its objective was to identify their social demographic profile and sexual behavior. The data was collected through a structured form filled out by the participants. The statistical analysis was done by Statistical Package for Social Sciences 11.0. It was identified that 87.7% were heterosexual and engaged in prostitution ranging from one to more than 30 years, with total customers varying from one to more than 20, weekly. With fixed partners they practice vaginal sex (100%), oral sex (56.8%), and anal sex (31.8%); whereas with customers these practices occur in 80%, 55%, and 28.7%, respectively. Condoms are always used with fixed partners by 56.2% of the participants and with customers in 93.8% of the vaginal relations, 88.1% of oral, and 82.6% of anal. The sexual behavior of the prostitutes revealed vulnerability to Sexually Transmitted Diseases and the Human Immunodeficiency Virus, results which emphasize the necessity for health care educational strategies for adapting to safe sex lifestyles.


The monitor system architecture in ternary optical computer (TOC) was discussed. There were some important modules, such as the client, network communication module (NCM), data preprocess module (DPM), operation-request scheduling module (ORSM), optical processor allocation module (OPAM) and the embedded system in the architecture. And the communication protocols between these modules were analyzed and designed. At the same time, the functions of the modules were introduced.


Introduction: Endotracheal tube in patients with ventilator is a foreign thing in respiratory tract secretions that can increase the production of the airway and cause airway clearance ineffectiveness problems that require suction action. The close suction technique is used in patients who are using ETT type. Close suction system is one of technique suction that applied without opening the ventilator connector in patients with ventilator in Intensive Care Unit. The purpose of this case study is to evaluate breath sounds, RR, SpO2 before and after implementation of technique close suction in patients with ventilator in the Intensive Care Unit of Dr Mohammad Soewandhie Hospital Surabaya. Method: Research method was a case study in patients with early pulmonary edema eclampsia who use a ventilator. The instrument used is the observation sheet. Result: The results of the case study showed before the close suction action Ronchi breath sounds in the right lung field left, RR 27 x / min, and SpO2 90%. After applying technique close suction action on the first day with the results of SpO2 95%, RR 22 x / min, still no sound Ronchi in both lung fields, day 2 with the results of SpO2 97%, RR 20 x / min, there was the sound of a smooth Ronchi left lung, day 3 with the results of the oxygen saturation of 100%, RR 18 x / min and vesicular breath sounds. Discussion: Based on these results it can be concluded that the provision of closed suction system technique is effective in addressing the problem of ineffectiveness airway clearance. However, in patients with pulmonary infection that uses a ventilator with thick secretions should be given nebulizer prior to close suction action.

Key words: closed suction system, ineffective airway clearance, ventilator, intensive care unit


This essay explores Helene Cixous's use of maternal generative processes, especially birth-giving subjectivities, as the basis for new conceptions of writing. I then expand upon aspects of the mother daughter relationship at the heart of a series of Cixous's recent novels or fictions. Helene Cixous's oeuvre includes feminist literary and poetic- theoretic essays, novels, and theatre pieces. She is most famous in North America for her 1976 essay "The Laugh of the Medusa." Yet further translations of Cixous's prolific works are less known to English readers. I hope to reevaluate Helene Cixous as an important writer in the field of motherhood studies and beyond. Although maternal subjectivities are still often unwritten and undervalued grounds, with Cixous, mothers and daughters are central texts for living and art. In Cixous, "Mother," writ large, becomes fused with the act of writing. Mother is a double figure who occupies both life and art—the progenitor of both. She is perhaps the Mother of all books, so that Cixous is surely the daughter of writing.


This study aims to produce effectiveness from the development of learning design through statistical concepts using the Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) approach to mathematical communication skills implemented in HLT (Hypothetical Learning Trajectory), teacher and students book which valid and practical. The method used is a combination of the Plomp design research model and the Gravemeijer & Cobb model, which consists of 3 phases, namely the preliminary research phase (preliminary research / preparing for the experiment), the development phase (development or prototyping phase / design experiment) and the assessment phase ( assessment phase / retrospective analysis). The subjects of this research were students of class VIII junior high school. Data collection techniques that will be used were posttest tests from two classes, namely the experimental class and the control class. Data analysis technique was using the Independent-Sample T Test. The analysis shows that p-value = 0,000 <0.05 means that there are significant differences between the two classes. So, the development of learning design based on Realistic Mathematics Education has a positive impact on students' mathematical communication skills on statistical material.


Earth is the only planet in our solar system where life is known to exist.

The 18 – 20th centuries, especially the last one, is characterized by an unprecedented rapid advance in science and technology, as well as economic growth. These factors, combined together, have provided us with an affluent society and luxurious lifestyle we have never experienced before.   However, such a high standard of living  coupled with a rapid growth of the world population  has necessarily  resulted in  in a high rate of resource consumption to a degree that may be termed almost mass wasting. Such an increase rate of resource consumption has inevitably placed a heavy burden on the environment, and consequently has led to serious environmental deterioration on local and global scales from two aspects : large scale destruction of natural ecosystem due to imprudent resource exploitation, and broadcast pollution resulting from the mass consumption of materials and subsequent discharge of pollutants.

The global-scale environmental deterioration may be regarded as another characteristic of the century as the anthropogenic impact on the environment has reached beyond the tolerable limits of the biosphere.  Human activities influencing the biosphere can limit it.  It is a time both to look back to the past and to think of the future.

The 21st century is the age of the Environment. In such an age, students need to be more wise to manage the present as well as the future environment based on their current knowledge of the environment. In order to spread the message among young learners  that the environment is to be protected and improved, the present paper is written.  I am sure that the paper will stimulate interest among participants to find answers for concreate environmental problems on the local and national and global level.


Based on author?s survey of operation, process and scales of high pressure equipment in oilfield and on experiment, cleaning reagent HX-5 is successfully used in "on steam" cleaning of high pressure equipment. It also introduces the research course of cleaning reagent HX-5 by Blue Star Beijing Cleaning Corp. and Tuha Oilfield,and the practical application of the HX-5 as well.


An algorithm for the estimation of the moments of nonlinear systems and nonlinear time-delay systems from input/output data is proposed. The estimate is exploited to construct a family of reduced order models. The use of the technique is illustrated by a few examples based on the averaged model of the DC-to-DC Ćuk converter.


To improve adhesion of the polyimide(PI),the copolyamic acids(CPAA)were prepared,and an OB′B(ODA-BTDA-BOPDPA)was selected.The effects of com-ponents of monomers,molecular weight of CPAA and its blends,imidization temperature(Ti)as well as solvents on the imidization process in conversion from CPAA to copolyimide(CPI)and the bonding strength(S_b)of CPI has been investigated.It was found that the ad-hesion of CPI is highest whten content of monomer B is 60—75mol.-0/0,(?)w of CPAA is5—7×10~4and T_i is 250℃.The CPI from both CPAA blends shows higher adehesion thanfrom only CPAA.


This is the chapter of a book, published in 1966, that presented the results of a comparative research agenda on political parties, from the perspective of political development. It was part of a series called Studies in political development. The concept of catch-all party type, introduced here by Kirchheimer, is still widely used in comparative studies on parties around the world, and this work remains one of the most cited in political science still today. Although most of his writing is in German, and therefore inaccessible to the general public, this little masterpiece written in English, thus more accessible for a large public, made Kirchheimer one of the best-known authors in political science, and this specific analysis an indispensable reading for scholars and anyone interested in politics in general.


We synthesized two kinds of new water-soluble glycosylated porphines, 5,10,15,20-tetrakis[4′-(β-D-glucopyranosyl)phenyl]porphine and 5,10,15,20-tetrakis[3′-(β-D-glucopyranosyl)phenyl]porphine, and investigated their chromogenic properties and reactivities with copper(II) ion.


Looks at promotion as a method of recognition and reward and considers the pitfalls of selection and the potential for discrimination allegations. Outlines several promotion systems adopted by many business organizations and their respective merits. Cites the need for performance evaluation and the methods which could be used. Provides recommendations for prompt, fair and equitable promotion and the need for effective communication and feedback to employees.


Forecasting is never an easy task though it can sometimes be a stimulating one. To try and forecast the situation non-government welfare agencies will find themselves in a year from now, or five or ten years hence, requires first of all a forecast about their social, economic and political environment. It also requires a forecast about the way those who run the agencies will comprehend and respond to that environment. That new environment in which welfare agencies will find themselves will have two sorts of consequences for them. Firstly, it will determine the pattern of social need to which they will have to respond. Secondly, it will effect the resources with which they will be able to respond and the extent to which they will be encouraged to, or prevented from doing so by government regulations. It is upon this second set of consequences that this paper will focus.


Chiasmus is defined as a grammatical figure consisting of two parallel clauses, in which the order of elements in the second clause inverts the order of the first: when the going gets tough, the tough get going: ask not what your country can do for you, but what you can do for your country. Chiasmus is so-named from the Greek χιαζω, meaning to mark with a sign of the letter χ, chi. The optic chiasm, located at the bottom of the brain immediately below the hypothalamus, is the place where the nerves from the eyes partially cross over each other, sending images from the right eye to the left hand side of the brain and vice-versa. In the International Phonetic Alphabet, χ is the symbol for what is known as the voiceless uvular fricative. This sound is made by vibrating the uvula, the little pendulous flap that hangs down from the soft palate. The related sign X is marks the voiceless velar fricative, a slightly thinner sound, made by vibrating the soft palate just in front of the uvula. Phonology distinguishes a number of voiceless fricatives formed at the back of the mouth: the voiceless epiglottal fricative; the voiceless pharyngeal fricative (Hebrew chet); the voiceless uvular fricative (French roche); the voiceless velar fricative (Spanish agua) and the voiceless palatal fricative (English hue).


We need to let nature touch more of our bodies and our souls, both for our spiritual health and for our health in general. For something to be real it has to be real!


Background: School children are affected by various eye disorders like refractive errors, squint, Vitamin A deficiency and eye infections. Most children do not complain of defective vision, as they may not recognize such conditions as a problem. Uncorrected refractive errors form the primary cause for visual impairment and blindness in India. This warrants early detection and treatment of these problems to prevent future blindness. Aims: The study was conducted with the objective of estimating the prevalence of ocular problems among school going children in rural area and to create 'eye-health awareness' among them. Method: This was a cross-sectional study of school children of two schools in rural area of Karnataka state. The students were screened for eye disorders by visual acuity testing, anterior segment torch light examination and fundus examination with undilated pupil. Those children identified with ocular disorders were subjected for detailed examination at our tertiary care hospital. Results: A total of 1300 children were examined. The prevalence of ocular morbidity was 44.77%. Vitamin A deficiency was the commonest morbidity (33.8%) and uncorrected refractive error was the second commonest morbid condition (5.6%). Conclusion: Ocular disorders among school going children can be easily identified by regular eye screening programmes, promptly treated can be protected from future complications and childhood blindness can be prevented. The eye health awareness among children and school teachers should be improved.


A new asynchronous early output, relative-timed block carry lookahead adder (BCLA) incorporating redundant carries is proposed. Compared to the best of existing semi-custom asynchronous carry lookahead adders (CLAs) employing delay-insensitive data encoding and following a 4-phase handshaking, the proposed BCLA with redundant carries achieves 14.9% reduction in cycle time and 12.3% reduction in area with no power penalty. A hybrid variant involving a ripple carry adder (RCA) in the least significant stages i.e. BCLA-RCA is also considered that achieves 15.2% reduction in cycle time and 11.2% reduction in area over the best of existing hybrid CLARCA variants without power penalty.


According to World Health Organization, worldwide, every year, more than 12 million people are killed in accidents and more than 500 million people are injured. In this research work, we have designed a context aware wireless sensor system to detect and locate road accidents in real-time. Context acquisition is performed using onboard sensors such as accelerometer, gyroscope, flex sensor and sensors from Smartphone such as accelerometer, microphone, GPS etc. A learning algorithm is proposed to perform context modeling, inference, and context-based action initiation. Participatory sensing techniques are integrated with the proposed system to ensure system enhancement and reduce false alarms.