PURPOSE: An antibacterial vacuum cleaner for deodorization is provided to promote the health for a user by restricting propagation of bacteria and mold from pollutant accumulated and collected in the dust collecting unit. CONSTITUTION: An antibacterial cyclone vacuum cleaner is composed of a cover(30) protecting the internal components by covering the upper part of a dust collecting unit and restricting leak of air, a filter(40) extended downward in an outlet(31) opened in the center of the cover, and a dust collecting casing formed in the lower part of the cover. The dust collecting unit for separating and collecting pollutant from suction air is partially manufactured of resin including nanopoly for antimicrobial activity with silver. The dust collecting casing comprises an inlet(71) flowing suction air into the dust collecting unit, a pollutant separation chamber(70) separating pollutant by centrifugal force in flowing air, a main dust collecting chamber collecting pollutant dropped by tare, and a separation plate(73) integrally fixed with the dust collecting casing to horizontally divide the pollutant separation chamber and the main dust collecting chamber.


Independent Learning-Independent Campus Program (MBKM) is a policy of granting the right for students to be able to take study activities outside the study program as many as three semesters with the division of two semesters of study outside the college and one semester in different study programs in one college. As well as teaching and learning activities, universities must report Independent Learning-Independent Campus activities to DIKTI every semester through the Neo Feeder PDDIKTI application. The Neo Feeder PDDIKTI application has a feature to enter the activities the operator will carry out. The operator enters this data individually on the Neo Feeder PDDIKTI application. This is a significant problem because the data entry process will take quite a lot of time, even though PDDIKTI has provided web service access to universities to optimize the data reporting process using the Neo Feeder PDDIKTI application. Building an application that can be used for recording MBKM activities by utilizing web services provided by PDDIKTI is the primary purpose of this study. The development of an application certainly requires a method as a framework or guide in facilitating the manufacturing process. The extreme Programming (XP) method becomes essential for applications with variable or non-fixed needs. This method has four working elements: planning, designing, coding, testing and software increment. The output generated by this study is an application for recording MBKM activities that use web service restful API technology so that data entry can be done en masse and not one by one.


Objective To identify the Human hepatoma membrane associated antigen Hab18g is a CD147 molecule from protein level,and the Hab18 and CD147mAb were used to investigate the epitope of antigen.Methods Indirect immunofluoscent;immunohistochemistry ABC method;dot blot and FCM additive test.Reaults Both CD147mAb and Hab18 recognize the same antigen,the mean intensity fluoresence of two kinds of antibodies used is higher than that of one antibody.Conclusion Human hepatoma membrane associated antigen Hab18g may name as CD147 molecule,and two kinds of antibodies(Hab18 and CD147mAb)recognize the different epitope of the same antigen.


This study was conducted to establish a simple method for evaluating the morphology of fine anisometric particles using size measurement techniques. The size distributions of mica particles and carbon fibers classified into narrower size ranges were measured by gravitational sedimentation and laser diffraction techniques. The ratio of mean diameters determined for flaky particles strongly depended on the aspect ratio, i.e. flatness. The relationship between particle shape and diameter is discussed theoretically. The experimental results were similar to those predicted. The flatness of fine particles can be evaluated by the ratio of the median diameter determined by laser diffraction to that determined by sedimentation.


Introduction The presence of extramural vascular invasion (EMVI) has been associated with reduced survival in colorectal cancer (CRC), and failure to consider it may account for discrepancies in outcome between similar stages. One clinically and pathologically heterogeneous subtype of CRC is T4 disease. At the microscopic level, some tumours are classed as pT4a due to invasion of local organs, while others are defined as pT4b d ue to invasion of the visceral peritoneum (based on 5th edition of TNM). The aim of the present study was to compare T4a and T4b colorectal cancers for EMVI status and longterm outcome. Methods Pathological data on consecutive cases of T4 colorectal cancer proceeding to surgery were extracted from a prospectively collected database between 2004 and 2011. Pathological parameters analysed included macroscopic tumour details, differentiation, nodal status, and the presence of EMVI. Patient demographics, disease stage, and longterm oncological outcomes were evaluated in all cases. Results 276 consecutive cases of T4 colorectal cancer were identified during the study period. 92% of tumours were colonic and 8% rectal. 79% of tumours were T4b, and the remainder T4a. 35% of cases were stage II disease, 43% stage III, and 22% stage IV. No difference was noted between T4a and T4b tumours for tumour differentiation, or lymph node positivity. No difference in cancer specific and disease free survival were noted between pT4a and pT4b tumours, however significantly divergent survival curves were found for EMVI positive and negative disease. The median cancer specific survival for T4a vs T4b was 32 months vs 41 months respectively ( log rank p=0.569 ). Median disease free survival for the same cohort was 23 months vs 36 months respectively (log rank p=0.882). Median Cancer specific survival in patients with and without EMVI was 25 vs 60 months respectively (log rank p . Median disease free survival was 15 months for those with EMVI, compared to 64 months in those without (log rank p. Conclusion Subtyping of T4 tumours by EMVI status may be a better prognostic indicator than division into T4a and T4b. Competing interests None declared.


This article presents a critique of various aspects of feminist practice that were not helpful in the context of the author's work in an underfunded inner-city public hospital in an impoverished, culturally diverse community. It also analyzes those aspects that were helpful and illuminated some of the ways in which race, class, and gender are played out in everyday life.


Depth estimation from a camera is an important task for 3D perception. Recently, without using the labeled ground truth of depth map, a self-supervised deep learning network can use relative pose to synthesize the target image from the reference image, and the photometric error between synthesized reference image and real one is used as self-supervisory signal. In this paper, we propose a novel self-supervised depth estimation network, which takes advantage of the quadtree constraint to optimize the depth estimation network. Based on the quadtree constraint, the photometric loss and depth loss of quadtree are proposed. In order to solve the problem that multiple depth values in repeated structures and uniform texture regions can cause relatively low photometric loss, we use quadtree-based photometric loss, which calculates the averaged photometric loss in quadtree blocks instead of the pixel-wise loss. For the problem of imbalanced depth distribution, we use quadtree depth loss, which constrains the depth inconsistency within quadtree blocks. The depth estimation network is composed of deep fusion module and cross-layer feature fusion module, which can better extract the feature information of RGB image and sparse keypoints depths, and makes full use of the detail information of the shallow feature map and the semantic information of the deep feature map to enrich the feature information extraction. Experimental results demonstrate that our method outperforms the state-of-the-art approaches of depth estimation.


Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBMs) are an effective model for machine learning; however, they require a significant amount of processing time. In this study, we propose a highly parallel, highly flexible architecture that combines small and completely parallel RBMs. This proposal addresses problems associated with calculation speed and exponential increases in circuit scale. Furthermore, we show that this architecture can optionally respond to the trade-offs between these two problems.


Nanoparticles have been extensively used as carriers to deliver theranostic agents into tumors through the enhanced permeation and retention (EPR) effect,[1] and to regulate the release of a chemical or biological effector in response to environmental stimuli such as temperature or pH change.[2] In these cases, cell uptake of nanoparticles has been studied to maximize their delivery into the target cells. Cell uptake of nanoparticles has also been extensively investigated in an effort to understand their cytotoxicity and potential societal impacts.[3] Many reports have demonstrated that the uptake of nanoparticles by cells depends on their sizes,[4] shapes,[5] and surface properties,[6] among others.[7] However, it has not received much attention to monitor the fate of nanoparticles in cells or tissues as a funtion of time, which should be of great importance in understanding the delivery efficiency and toxicity of nanoparticles. In a recent in vitro study, it was demonstrated using a statistical method that nanoparticles in cells were distributed unequally when the cells divided.[8] However, the conclusion was drawn from an analysis of a large number of cells rather than by tracking the nanoparticles in individual cells during their division. In addtion, no such study has been reported for cells under in vivo conditions.


This research departs from the widespread stigmatization experienced by those who wear the niqab and sirwal. Society views this attribute negatively because one of them is the actions of terrorists, suicide bombers and others, who carry out their actions using a niqab or sirwal. So this study aims to explore the experiences of the niqab and sirwal users in the private sphere, such as the family and the public sphere in society. To see these two contexts, this study uses the perspective of power relations theory from Michel Foucault and the Stigma concept from Erving Goffman. Meanwhile, methodologically, this study uses a qualitative approach to explore the experiences of the niqab and sirwal users. The findings in this study are that women who wear the niqab in power relations with their parents experience discrimination and social control regarding their attributes. In contrast to sirwal users, who are more liberated by their families in using attributes. Meanwhile, in the public sphere, niqab women again experienced verbal harassment from the public, unlike sirwal, who never experienced harassment. In this case, a woman wearing a niqab is verbally abused not only because she wears a niqab but because she is a woman who is considered inferior in a patriarchal society. In addition, in this case, niqab women experience double discrimination in private and public spaces.


The gluon polarisation in the nucleon has been determined by tagging photon-gluon fusion events via Open-Charm production. The data were taken by the COMPASS Collaboration at CERN between 2002 and 2006, colliding a polarised muon beam on a polarised deuteron target. A new method based on Neural Networks was used to efficiently separate the signal from the uncorrelated background, allowing a new contribution of two low purity channels. At leading order QCD, an average gluon polarisation of 〈∆g/g〉x = −0.39 ± 0.24(stat) ± 0.11(syst) at a scale μ 2 ≈ 13 (GeV/c), and at an average gluon momentum fraction 〈x〉 ≈ 0.11, was estimated.


This paper studies the segmentation and clustering of speaker speech. In order to improve the accuracy of speech endpoint detection, the traditional double-threshold short-time average zero-crossing rate is replaced by a better spectrum centroid feature, and the local maxima of the statistical feature sequence histogram are used to select the threshold, and a new speech endpoint detection algorithm is proposed. Compared with the traditional double-threshold algorithm, it effectively improves the detection accuracy and antinoise in low SNR. The k-means algorithm of conventional clustering needs to give the number of clusters in advance and is greatly affected by the choice of initial cluster centers. At the same time, the self-organizing neural network algorithm converges slowly and cannot provide accurate clustering information. An improved k-means speaker clustering algorithm based on self-organizing neural network is proposed. The number of clusters is predicted by the winning situation of the competitive neurons in the trained network, and the weights of the neurons are used as the initial cluster centers of the k-means algorithm. The experimental results of multiperson mixed speech segmentation show that the proposed algorithm can effectively improve the accuracy of speech clustering and make up for the shortcomings of the k-means algorithm and self-organizing neural network algorithm.


Advances in burn care have improved patient outcomes, and independently validated indices and predictors of burn outcomes warrant re-evaluation. The purpose of this study is to consolidate predictors of burn outcomes and determine the factors that significantly contribute to length-of-stay (LOS) and mortality. A retrospective review was conducted of all burn patients (n=5778) admitted to a quaternary provincial burn unit from 1973 to 2017. Our inclusion criteria yielded 4622 independent cases. Multivariate linear and logistic regression models were generated, and area-under-receiver-operator-curve (AUROC) analysis was performed. Burn predictors included %TBSA, Baux (classic and revised) index, Abbreviated Burn Severity Index (ABSI), and Ryan score. Primary outcomes were mortality and LOS. Multivariate logistic regression for mortality showed the Baux index to be the best predictor for mortality (OR=1.11, p<0.001). The AUROC for Baux index was 0.95. With regards to LOS, ABSI was the best predictor for LOS (p<0.001). ICU stay, ventilator use, alcoholism, age, significantly associated with increased LOS. Interestingly, hypertension had a protective effect for LOS (p<0.01) and trended towards a protective effect in mortality. Lethal score 50% (LS50) improved over the study period. The regressions show that burn mortality and LOS are best predicted with the Baux index and ABSI, respectively. Hypertension may have a protective effect on burn outcomes and may be attributed to increased perfusion to the periphery. These predictive scores are useful in determining institutional outcomes in burn surgery. Objective benchmarking of improvement in burn care outcomes can be established using LS50 trends.


The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) has recently taken steps toward directly regulating the potential environmental, health, and safety risks associated with the manufacture and use of nanomaterials, and indications are that it is considering additional regulatory action. More particularly, the agency appears ready to start relying more on the exercise of its existing statutory authorities—including the Toxic Substances Control Act and the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act—than on voluntary industry efforts to address these potential risks. As a result, companies that work with nanomaterials should pay close attention to USEPA's activities in this arena.


ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS FOREWORD Lee Higgins LIST OF FIGURES Chapter 1. The Tapestry: Introducing Community Music Kari Veblen Section I: COMMUNITY MUSIC IN GLOBAL CONTEXT Chapter 2. North America: Historical Foundations Jeff Bush, Andrew Krikun Chapter 3. Community Music in the United Kingdom Kathryn Deane, Phil Mullen Chapter 4. Community Music in the Nordic Countries: Politics, Research, Programs, and Educational Significance Sidsel Karlsen, Heidi Westerlund, Heidi Partti, Einar Solbu Chapter 5. Community Music in Africa: Perspectives from South Africa, Kenya, and Eritrea Elizabeth Oehrle, David Akombo, Elias Weldegebriel Chapter 6. Community Music in Australia and New Zealand Aotearoa Brydie Leigh Bartleet, Shelley Brunt, Anja Tait, and Catherine Trelfall Chapter 7. Community Music in East Asia Chi Cheung Leung, Mari Siobara, Christine Yau Section II: INTERCONNECTIONS Chapter 8. Intergenerational Music Learning in Community and Schools Carol Beynon, Chris Alfano Chapter 9. Music Learning as a Lifespan Endeavor David Myers, Chelcy Bowles, Will Dabback Chapter 10. Community Music Through Authentic Engagement: Bridging Community, School, and University Programs Sylvia Chong, Deborah Rohwer, Donna Emmanuel, Nathan Kruse Rineke Smilde Chapter 11. Digital Community: Sharing, Teaching, Exploring Stephen J. Messenger III: MARGINALIZED MUSICS AND COMMUNITIES Chapter 12. Marginalized Communities: Reaching Those Falling Outside Socially Accepted Norms Sheila Woodward, Catherine Pestano Chapter 13. Person Growth through Music: The Oakdale Prison Community Choir and Community Music for Homeless Populations In New York City Mary Cohen, Marissa Silverman Chapter 14. Reaching out to Participants who are Challenged Donald De Vito, Arthur Gill Chapter 15. Diverse Communities, Inclusive Practice Magali Kleber, Dochy Lichtenstein, Claudia Gluschankof IV: PERFORMING ENSEMBLES: ARTISTRY, ADVOCACY AND SOCIAL JUSTICE Chapter 16. Community Choirs: Expressions of Identity through Vocal Performance Susan Avery, Casey Hayes, Cindy Bell Chapter 17. Instrumental Ensembles: Community Case Studies from Brazil and the USA Don Coffman, Joel Barbosa Chapter 18. Expressing Faith through Vocal Performance Hussein Janmohamed, Cindy Bell, Mehnaz Thawer Chapter 19. Community Music and Sustainability Worldwide: Ecosystems of Engaged Music Making Huip Schippers, Richard Letts Chapter 20. Resources in Community Music Janice Waldron, Steven Moser, Kari Veblen About the Authors


The LIFECON Life-Cycle Management System (LMS) is a European model of a predictive and integrated LMS for concrete infrastructures. It is generic in nature and will be suitable for different categories of structures, from buildings, bridges, and nuclear power plants, to lighthouses. LIFECON LMS has two planning phases: long term and short term. The system is also divided into three levels of structural hierarchy: component and module, object, and network. The component- and module-level system addresses structural components such as beams and columns and their combinations in modules. The object-level system deals with complete structures or buildings. The network-level system treats networks of objects such as stocks of bridges or buildings. The LIFECON LMS is capable of considering the many requirements and aims involved in decision making. Besides a structure's observed condition and evaluated urgency of repair, many other requirements should be taken into account, such as life-cycle costs, user costs, minimum requirements of structural performance, structural risks, traffic and other operational requirements, aesthetics, environmental risks, and ecological pressures. Thus, the method of multiple-attribute planning is applied on all hierarchical levels of the system. The life-cycle analysis and optimization module involves the data applications for studying the economy of the life cycle and cost-effectiveness of optional maintenance, repair, and rehabilitation strategies. Alternative strategies are compared as life-cycle activity profiles over a defined time frame. The purpose of life-cycle analyses is to find the optimal activity profiles to reach the targets.


Vietnamese Korean-learners usually find that Sino-Korean is one of the most interesting points when learning Korean. Therefore, in their writing they tend to exploit Sino-Korean as much as they do with Sino- Vietnamese in their mother tongue. Despite of being borrowed words from Chinese, Sino-Korean and Sino-Vietnamese have certain differences in meaning, usage and part of speech which make learners confused, especially in writing. With 90 writing materials collected from Vienamese learners of intermediate level, this study focuses on analyzing common Sino-Korean misuses by Vietnamese learners. The Vietnamese-Sino errors can be categorized into three groups: meaning different errors (due to backtranslation from Vietnamese), same form - different meaning error, same form ? different part of speech. By classifying Sino-Korean errors made by Vietnamese learners this study aims at applying the error analysis results not only into vocabulary learning as has been done in some studies but also in improving writing skills. For learners, by knowing the common misuses, they should be more cautious when using Sino-Korean. For instructors, the error analysis of Sino-Korean misuses can be applied to improve teaching writing skills, e.g. collecting basic same form-same meaning Sino vocabulary for elementary level and notice students not to do back-translation to make Vietnamese style Sino-Korean; acknowledging differences of meaning between same form Sino-Korean and Sino-Vietnamese, comparing and explaining the differences of meaning between same form Sino-Korean and Sino-Vietnamese for intermediate level; focusing on analysis the usage and part of speech of Sino-Korean for the advanced level and applying on writing. In summary, based on the analysis Vietnamese learners writing materials this study could propose a classification of errors of Sino-Korean. Though not being completely accurate, the classification may help both learners and teachers to enhance knowledge and improve the teaching of Korean writing skills.


AbstractIn two previous communications the authors reported on the primary supercooling results obtained for bulk samples of several binary eutectic alloys. It was shown that primary supercooling, when determined from the arrest or reversal point on a continuous cooling curve, is dependent upon the cooling rate and the alloy composition The nucleation and growth of the secondary phase, i.e. the onset of eutectic solidification, also requires supercooling, the amount of (secondary) supercooling depending on the primary phase present. This paper reports on the secondary supercooling results obtained for bulk samples of alloys from several binary eutectic systems, and compares these with supercooling results reported for liquid droplets of the same alloys. An apparent relationship between the extent of secondary supercooling and the magnitude of the distribution coefficient is noted and discussed briefly.


A system of partial differential equations which describes dynamics of two-phase medium is considered. Lie algebra of symmetry group of this system was found. For some 4-dimensional subalgebras of invariant solutions is found. All other 4-dimensional subalgebras will give only partial invariant solutions of this system.


This comprehensive five-year program assessment study illustrates the full circle of the assessment cycle: development, implementation, feedback, and reshaping of curriculum. First, this study provides specific information on the development and implementation of multiple measures of program assessment for both core and track goals and objectives. Second, it provides five years of quantitative and qualitative data illustrating the use of internship e-portfolios and presentations in assessing students' proficiencies on 13 specific core competencies and numerous track competencies. Data collected from students' self-rating, faculty's rating, and Site supervisors' assessment provide evaluations of students' performance and levels of preparedness to enter the public health field and indicate high levels of proficiencies for students and support that program and track goals and objectives are being met. Qualitative data support these statistics and provide insight into program needs that are not being met; based on both sets of data, program solutions are identified and implemented creating an assessment feedback loop. Finally, audience feedback from internship presentations provides a final measure of program assessment and also supports the numerous benefits of students attending these events. Results of all these measures provide valuable insight into future program and course curriculum, along with teaching strategies and techniques in order to increase student learning.


Last viewed in Microsoft Office Power Point 2003. A poster containing visuals and text describing an undergraduate research project completed at the University of Wisconsin, Whitewater.


The evolvement of military application of wireless sensor network is analyzed in this paper.And then,it is pointed out that wireless sensor network in military field is evolving from sensing equipments to attack weapons.Based on the analyses above,a concept of Wireless Sensor Network Battle is proposed,which provides a new direction for the development of wireless sensor network.


The founders of technical standards need to disclose patents to the standards organizations under the background of technical standards citing patents.Patent declarations play important roles in the establishment and evolution of technical standards.Taking ITU standards as research samples,the patent declaration behavior of founders during the evolution of technical standards is studied using the patent value index.The large sample regression shows that the patent value of founders is lower than that of followers after the technical standards were established,showing that there are strategic declarations of founders during the evolution of technical standards.The founders tend to put the low value patents into the technical standards.


Turbulent boundary layers developing over rough surfaces are frequently encountered in a variety of engineering and geophysical applications. Accurate modeling of boundary layer flow over such rough surfaces remains a challenge; direct numerical simulation (DNS) and wall-resolved large-eddy simulation (LES) are both computationally prohibitive in most cases. In this research a simulation methodology is employed, which uses an integral wall model coupled with a sharp-interface immersed boundary method and a modified rescale/recycle method, to conduct LES of developing turbulent boundary layer flows over surfaces with macro-scale roughness elements. The goal of this study is to develop and enhance our understanding of the effect of the roughness element geometry and arrangement on the mean flow response. The modeling effort is focused on two applications: (1) analysis of the effect of macro-biofouling, specifically acorn barnacles, on ship hulls and (2) study of flow over arrays of cuboidal roughness elements of various aspect ratios and arrangements. Such geometries are often used to explore the effect of atmospheric boundary layers over urban canopies. In addition to performing and analyzing wall-modeled large-eddy simulations of these flows, the re-


Effective and timely prediction of bit error rate (BER) disturbances is an important means to improve the safety of balise uplink transmission. However, the joint influence of multiple non-stationary factors makes it difficult to predict the abrupt changes of disturbances. To solve this problem, an adaptive attention-based bidirectional stateful encoder-decoder model is proposed for BER disturbances prediction. By persistently transferring the forward and backward states in a batch-to-batch mapping manner, the bidirectional stateful encoder can enhance the capture ability for disturbances. Additionally, an adaptive stateful decoder is used to dynamically synthesize the temporal correlation and contextual summarization to reduce the error accumulation in long-term forecasting. Through effective disturbance discrimination and accumulative error elimination, the proposed model can improve the overall prediction accuracy for BER disturbances. Experiment results on real-world high-speed railway datasets show that the proposed model can achieve superior performance than the state-of-the-art methods.


The invention discloses sheet metal position adjustment equipment and an adjustment method thereof. The equipment comprises a belt conveying device, a laser scanning device and a servo centring device; the belt conveying device is arranged in front of the servo centring device, a gap is reserved between the belt conveying device and the servo centring device, the laser scanning device is arranged below the gap, and the laser scanning device is electrically connected with the servo centring device; the laser scanning device conducts scanning on sheet metal passing through the gap, the real position information of the sheet metal is obtained, comparison is conducted on the real position information and the previously saved standard position information of the sheet metal, the difference value of the real position information and the standard position information of the sheet metal is obtained, and the servo centring device is controlled to adjust the sheet metal according to the difference value. According to the sheet metal position adjustment equipment and the adjustment method thereof, a movement baffle is not needed to correct the position for the servo centring device, and therefore damage is not caused to the sheet metal; meanwhile, the equipment is simple in structure and low in cost.


Out of 20 blackgram germplasm lines evaluated against yellow mosaic virus under natural conditions, the lines IC 56051 and IC 59702 were found to be immune to the disease recording highest seed yield of 3.51 g/plant. These lines may be utilized either directly or indirectly in breeding programme for developing varieties resistant to yellow mosaic virus coupled with yield.


When the Java War (1825—30) broke out in July 1825, the then Belgian painter and official architect to the Dutch Governor General, Antoine Auguste Joseph Payen, happened to be present. Close to the source of turmoil he was kept in Yogyakarta until the initial siege of the town was lifted late in September of that year. According to Carey, Payen 'was probably the most accomplished artist to visit Indonesia before the twentieth century', but it is not for his paintings that Payen's involuntary extension of his stay in Central Java has become significant. While forced to remain in Yogyakarta, Payen kept a diary, and we owe to him the only proper European eye-witness account of that particular historical event. His personal observations are of special interest as we not only have the official Dutch version of what happened at our disposal but also various other, Javanese, records dealing with the very same events from an opposite point of view. Here in Payen's Journal, then, we come to encounter the misery of a town under siege, the pompous bunglings of some Dutch officials and the quiet professionalism of others, the political intrigues of the Javanese aristocracy and the impact of the war on the people, recorded in the form of a personal record by an observer who was somehow detached from the politics of it all. P. Carey's edition opens with a biography of A. A.J. Payen and a general discussion of his writings; needless to say, special attention is given to the Journal, its form and its history. This is followed by an English summary of the main events described in the Journal, and the illustrations, albeit in blackand-white, most of which were painted and drawn by Payen himself. Here it is interesting to note that much of Payen's Indonesian work was executed by him only after his final return from the Indies to Europe. Payen's Journal in its original French occupies the next forty pages. Then come sixty-five invaluable pages of 'Notes and historical commentary' compiled by Dr Carey. These extensive notes and commentary are a rich source of information and provide cross-references to published and unpublished sources in Javanese, Malay, Dutch, and English, for almost every single one of Payen's remarks and observations which he made on the spur of the moment. A bibliography, a very detailed index of names and subjects, and two maps conclude the volume. Not least thanks to Dr Carey's own historical research we are sufficiently well informed about the origins of the Java War and its course. Payen's Journal thus is unlikely to add materially to our knowledge of the period and


This study presents an analysis of radar signature at Ku-band for incidences ranging from 0° to 10° over the major bioclimatic zones, soil and vegetation types encountered in West-Africa, using data from Jason-3 and SWIM. Time-series of radar responses were built over the following environments: stone and sand deserts, Sahelian savannah and floodplain, flooded and non-flooded equatorial forests. Deserts and non-flooded equatorial forest exhibit almost constant responses, decreasing as the incidence angle increases. Similar seasonal variations of the backscattering coefficient between the dry and the wet season are observed at nadir for Jason-3 and SWIM with a decrease in dry season level and amplitude with the increase of the incidence angle. Backscattering at Ku-band can be related to soil roughness, vegetation cover and soil wetness.


An optical microcavity is an element that can trap light inside it. Its efficiency is expressed by a quality (Q) factor. To measure the Q factor, we must couple evanescent light into the microcavity. It is important that the distance between the microcavity and the optical waveguide is finely controlled. In this paper, we describe our construction of a fine control system for efficiently coupling light into a microcavity and our research on the optical measurement of microcavities.


The purpose of the researcher was to evaluate the effect of Socratically presented drug education information in changing students' attitudes toward drug abuse. The subjects consisted of 110 fifth graders who attended four elementary schools. The instrument used to evaluate the students' attitudinal change was a questionnaire developed by the researchers and staff at Mid-America Foundation. The questionnaire included items covering feelings about how acceptable drug and alcohol use is and what kind of people use drugs and alcohol. The Solomon design was employed and three hypotheses were tested. One hypothesis was tested with an analysis of covariance, one with t tests and one with a single- factor analysis of variance. The results from the analysis of covariance were significant at the .05 level, but the control group generated the greater amount of change. Three t tests were applied, one generated results which were significant at the .05 level indicating that one implementation group had greater change than the control group. A single- factor analysis of variance was employed for testing the differences among all post means. No significant (. 05 level) differences were found. The findings of this study seem to corroborate the results from a study by Schaps, et.al. (01/01/1982) as well as four studies reported by Randall and Wong, that the dissemination of drug education information has no statistically significant effect.


Proposes a formal model with mathematical definitions to represent and explore the complicated hierarchy and multidimensional structure of software evolution. This formalization of software evolution is based on a hypergraph and extended to an evolutionary hypergraph with different software evolution objects. In an evolutionary hypergraph, a top-level software evolution step can be refined into several finer software evolution steps and related top-level software evolution components can be decomposed into finer software evolution components. The hypergraph model, in conjunction with prototyping, can help developers describe and understand software evolution processes. We provide an example of multimedia system evolution to illustrate this formalization.


Organic semiconductors have been the subject of intense scientific investigation for the past 50 years. Due to often weak bonding between organic molecules in the solid state, they share many of the properties of both semiconductors and insulators. Applications of
these materials include chemical, physical and biological sensors, electric, electronic, and photonic devices. Low cost production ofthese devices is possible by using vacuum evaporation, spin coating, and drop casting technology. This work describes fabrication and
characterization of organic semiconductor devices such as humidity, temperature, and light sensors, photoelectrochemical cells, electrochemical cells, solid-liquid and surface-type rectifying junctions.Organic semiconductors have been the subject of intense scientific investigation for the past 50 years. Due to often weak bonding between organic molecules in the solid state, they share many of the properties of both semiconductors and insulators.Applications of
these materials include chemical, physical and biological sensors, electric, electronic, and photonic devices. Low cost production of these devices is possible by using vacuum evaporation, spin coating, and drop casting technology. This work describes fabrication and characterization of organic semiconductor devices such as humidity, temperature, and light sensors, photoelectrochemical cells,electrochemical cells, solid-liquid and surface-type rectifying junctions
Organic semiconductors 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(-isopropylphenyl) porphyrin (TIPP), Cu(II) 5,10,15,20-tetrakis-isopropylphenyl) porphyrin (CuTIPP), Ni(II) 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(-isopropylphenyl) porphyrin (NiTIPP), and Zn(II) 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(-isopropylphenyl) porphyrin (ZnTIPP) are investigated as active materials in surface-type multifunctional sensors. As electrodes, 100 nm thick Ag films are deposited on 25 mm × 25 mm glass substrate with 40.0 μm gap between them. Thin films of TIPP, CuTIPP, NiTIPP, and ZnTIPP of area 15 mm × 15 mm, are thermally sublimed to cover the gap between surface-type silver electrodes. A change in electrical resistance and capacitance of the fabricated devices are observed with the increase of relative humidity, temperature and illumination. Hysteresis, response and recovery times are investigated over a wide range of relative humidity. Activation energies of the porphyrins are estimated in the solution. Investigation of directivity characteristics showed that the cell is sensitive in wide range of angles.Electrochemical properties of Zn/PVA-I/C, Zn/PVA-KOH/C, Zn/PVA-KOH-I/C,and Zn/OD/C cells have been investigated. In these cells, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-iodine (I), orange dye (OD) aqueous solutions and polyvinyl alcohol-potassium hydroxide (KOH), polyvinyl alcohol-potassium hydroxide-iodine aqueous gels have been used as electrolytes, while zinc and carbon rods serve as electrodes.The current-voltage characteristics and open circuit voltage-time, charge voltage/current-time, and discharge voltage/current-time have been studied. Effects of concentration of OD in electrolyte have been examined on the discharge voltage–current, charge voltage/current–time and discharge voltage/currenttime characteristics. The open-circuit voltages and short-ciruit currents of the cells are observed as dependent on the orange dye concentration.The efficiency of the current discharge/charge is found larger at higher concentration of the dye.Electrochemical properties of Zn/PVA-I/C, Zn/PVA-KOH/C, Zn/PVA-KOH-I/C, and Zn/OD/C cells have been investigated. In these cells, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-iodine (I), orange dye (OD) aqueous solutions and polyvinyl alcohol-potassium hydroxide (KOH), polyvinyl alcohol-potassium hydroxide-iodine aqueous gels have been used as electrolytes, while zinc and carbon rods serve as electrodes. The current-voltage characteristics and open circuit voltage-time, charge voltage/current-time, and discharge voltage/current-time have been studied. Effects of concentration of OD in electrolyte have been examined on the discharge voltagecurrent, charge voltage/current–time and discharge voltage/currenT time characteristics. The open-circuit voltages and short-circuit currents of the cells are observed as dependent on the orange dye concentration. The efficiency of the current discharge/charge is found larger at higher concentration of the dyeThe solid-liquid junction characteristics of Al/OD aqueous solution/ITO and Al-CuPc/OD aqueous solution/ITO sandwich type cells are investigated. In these cells, the aluminum glass slide, copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) coated aluminum glass slide and indium tin oxide (ITO) coated glass slide electrodes are employed and as an electrolyte 0.25 wt.% solution of orange dye in distilled water is used. Dark current-voltage characteristics of the cells show rectifying behavior. The parameters, like rectification ratio, reverse saturation current, ideality factor and junction resistances are calculated. For interpretation of charge transport mechanism, dark I-V characteristics are analyzed by modified Shockley equation and space-charge limited currents approach.


Abstract Stick-slip behavior was observed while characterizing the shear strength of fly ash collected from a thermal power plant at Delhi, India. Stick-slip oscillations of the shear stress were observed in the shear-deformation curve of fly ash. Pullout tests were carried out on geogrid embedded in compacted dry fly ash to determine the soil-geosynthetic interaction parameters. The pullout test results also exhibited stick-slip oscillations. Subsequently, triaxial tests were conducted to study the influence of strain rate and confining pressure on the stick-slip motion of shear stress. The amplitude of stick-slip oscillations increased with increasing confining pressure whereas decreased with increasing strain rate. In addition to fly ash, the tests were also conducted on a locally available Delhi silt soil to study the influence of particle morphology on stick-slip oscillation of shear stress. These results indicated that due to stick-slip motion, it is not possible to identify a true peak value of shear strength of fly ash. This should be considered while designing a mechanically stabilized earth wall and slope with fly ash as a backfill material.


Mind, a module binder for the Bridge synthesis system, is described. The practical considerations for generating production-quality designs are emphasized. These considerations include the separation of single-function and multiple-function ALU (arithmetic and logic unit) generators, the extraction of constant and feedthrough control signals, as well as the incorporation of a net-list post processor to eliminate constant inputs, floating outputs, and feedthrough wires. Experimental data indicate that the application of these optimization techniques results in significant area reduction.<<ETX>>


The development status of airborne infrared search-track systems(IRST sgstem)is introduced. The main components and performance of IRST system are briefly described. The information processing technology used for IRST system is described in detail. The development of multitarget tracking and its algorithm is reviewed,and the research trend of airborne IRST system and its information processing technology are analyzed and forecasted.


Detail description of hardware and software of novel pulse-meter device – 4-channel photoplethysmograph CARDIOPULS has been presented. Above device is intended for noninvasive measurements of optical signals recorded from the pulse wave induced by the human heart. Hardware part includes 4 photometric channels, single- or 6 standard reference ECG channels, data processing unit, ECG electrodes, computer and software. Device can perform examination of the patients within 10-15 minutes at lying and sitting positions both in clinical environment and field location. Novel methods for data processing and device design were proposed. Device is aimed to diagnose of heart and vessel diseases.


We investigate the design of a static output feedback control for switching discrete time systems. Looking at the problem of stability analysis, we give two conditions allowing to check the existence of a particular class of Lyapunov functions. Although one can recover the first condition as a particular case from the second one, it is proved that the two conditions are equivalent for stability analysis. Then we show that when one is faced with a static output feedback control problem, the second condition leads to a sufficient solution to build a stabilizing static output feedback controller which is less conservative than the solution based on the first condition.


: The present investigation was conducted to observe the scenario and livelihood patterns of dried fish producers in Patuakhali and Barisal region from July 2017 to November 2017. In the study area, seventeen fish species were identified for sun drying. Most of the raw fishes were collected from fish landing centers or directly from fishermen and transportation was done by non-mechanized van, rickshaw etc. There were many constraints observed in dried fish marketing activities including lack of storage facilities, lack of capital and involvement of middlemen etc. The producers/processors rarely used DDT and Nogos type of chemicals or insecticides in their products to prevent insect infestation. Most of the dried fish producers belonged to joint family, mostly 5-7 members and Muslims were the dominating in both areas which were 86.67% in Kuakata and 75% in Barisal region. Average 13.33% from Kuakata and 33.33% from Barisal dried fish producers were found SSC passed but no one crossed HSC, mostly having the semi pucca houses. It was found that all of the families used tube-well water for drinking and the entire dried fish producers used electricity in their house. In the study area, most of the dried fish producers (33.33% in Kuakata and 66.67% in Barisal) used semi pucca latrine. From this study, it was found that most of the dried fish producers improved their socio-economic condition through dried fish marketing activities. Among the two regions it was found that socio economic condition of the dry fish producers of Barisal region are in better position. It was understood that dried fish marketing activities was a potential approach for their better livelihood.


Pixels in magnetic resonance (MR) imuges can be clustered into groups of tissues with similar MR characteristics using iterative methods. This paper presents an approach for refining cluster assignment in data sets where characteristics of various tissues overlap in feature space. Relaxation labeling has been used to incorporate spatial information into the clustering scheme such that the assignment of a pixel to a particular cluster depends not only on the pixel's features but also on the features of it's neighbors.


Taking strawberry as research material,the effect of hot-air treatment at different temperature and time on the stored strawberry fruits were observed in this paper.The results showed that the hot-air treatment at proper temperature and time could enhance the storage quality,extend the storage time,however,the treatment of hotter temperature or longer time could reduce the storage effects,and produce hot damage.The best hot air treatment for strawberry was50℃+40min.


In this work the rate of convergence to normality is studied for U–statistics with a random summation index Ln. The result applies to the situation that Ln/n → τ where may τ be either a constant or a random variable. The obtained order of convergence cannot be improved in general. In the independent case a stronger result holds. The study includes and extends previous work on the order of convergence for random sums by Landers and Rogge (1977) and for random U–statistics by Ghosh and DasGupta (1980) and Cśenki (1981). It also leads to a sharpening of the moment condition in the central limit theorem for random U–statistics proved by Sproule (1974). Specializing the random summation index to a fixed one, we obtain an extension of a theoerem by Helmers and van Zwet (1982) to U–statistics having a projection with finite absolute moment larger than 2. From this result we infer that the central limit theorem proved by Hoeffding (1948)1948) can be formulated under a weaker moment condition.


Abstract Norwegian political parties have changed in terms of party membership and organisational modes, significantly reducing the value of the mass party and catch-all party models. Membership has declined and decision-making processes have opened up to increased networking, although the formal organisational structures remain close to those of the old mass party. Political changes have transformed the old two-bloc system, making it more open and fluid. This 'diffused' party system is more dependent on small electoral changes and post-election negotiations than was the traditional and more predictable bloc system. Norwegian democracy has thus become more differentiated and representative, but at the same time less accountable to the electorate.


Objective: to analyze from literature, the contributions of spatial analysis to comprehend the tuberculosis dynamics. Method: integrative review of literature preformed within 2008 to 2017, developed from published manuscripts in any language on LILACS, PubMed and SCOPUS databases. Results: 140 studies were retrieved, of which 50 were included. The main findings refer to predominance of the use of tuberculosis incidence rates as outcome variable and its association with social and geographic conditions. The American continent presented the highest number of studies, although the African countries presented the highest incidence rates. Conclusion: the complexity of tuberculosis incidence in the geographic space is associated with epidemiologic factors. The spatial analysis presents advancements for the management of tuberculosis worldwide allowing identifying inequalities and health conditions of a population. Descriptors: Tuberculosis; Spatial Analysis; Epidemiology; Review. RESUMO Objetivo: analisar a partir da literatura, as contribuições da análise espacial para compreender a dinâmica da tuberculose. Método: revisão integrativa da literatura realizada no período de 2008 a 2017, desenvolvida a partir de manuscritos publicados em qualquer idioma nas bases de dados LILACS, PubMed e SCOPUS. Resultados: foram resgatados 140 estudos, dos quais 50 incluídos. Os principais achados referem-se à predominância do uso das taxas de incidência de tuberculose como variável de desfecho e sua associação com as condições sociais e geográficas. O continente americano apresentou o maior número de estudos, apesar dos países africanos apresentarem as maiores taxas de incidência. Conclusão: a complexidade da incidência da tuberculose no espaço geográfico está associada aos fatores epidemiológicos. A análise espacial representa avanços para o gerenciamento da tuberculose mundialmente permitindo identificar desigualdades e condições de saúde de uma população. Descritores: Tuberculose; Análise Espacial; Epidemiologia; Revisão. RESUMÉN Objetivo: Analizar a partir de la literatura las contribuciones del análisis espacial para comprender la dinámica de la tuberculosis. Método: revisión bibliográfica integradora realizada entre 2008 y 2017, desarrollada a partir de manuscritos publicados en cualquier idioma en las bases de datos LILACS, PubMed y SCOPUS. Resultados: se rescataron 140 estudios, de los cuales se incluyeron 50. Los principales hallazgos se refieren al predominio del uso de tasas de incidencia de tuberculosis como variable de resultado y su asociación con condiciones sociales y geográficas. El continente americano presentó el mayor número de estudios, aunque los países africanos tuvieron las tasas de incidencia más altas. Conclusión: La complejidad de la incidencia de tuberculosis en el espacio geográfico está asociada a factores epidemiológicos. El análisis espacial representa los avances en el manejo de la tuberculosis en todo el mundo, lo que permite identificar las desigualdades y las condiciones de salud de una población. Descriptores: Tuberculosis; Análisis Espacial; Epidemiología; Revisión. How to cite: Lima SVMA, dos Santos MD, Silva LD, Nascimento JC, dos Santos AD, de Oliveira ET, et al. Tuberculosis dynamics from spatial analysis: integrative review. Rev Pre Infec e Saúde [Internet]. 2019;5:9194. Available from: http://www.ojs.ufpi.br/index.php/nupcis/article/view/9194 DOI: https://doi.org/10.26694/repis.v5i0.8822 Lima SVMA, et al. Tuberculosis dynamics from spatial analysis Rev Pre Infec e Saúde. 2019;5:9194 2 INTRODUCTION Tuberculosis (TB) is a disease caused by a slow growth bacillus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, strict aerobic, acid-alcohol resistant (BAAR), of aerogenous transmissibility, that mainly affects lungs. It is closely related to poverty, poor living and housing conditions and human agglomeration. Although government implementation of various control and vigilance strategies, TB persists as a big public health problem. It is estimated that one third of world population is infected by Koch bacillus. The African and Asian regions are the ones that present most risk of illness. Six countries were responsible for 60% of new worldwide TB cases in 2015: India, Indonesia, China, Nigeria, Pakistan and South Africa. The global progress to fight the disease depends on advancements in patient prevention and care in all the countries with high TB load, among them Brazil. The TB issue reflects the social development stage of the country, in which poverty determinants, poor sanitary conditions, significative increase of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) cases, populational growth, large migratory movements and lack of management organization and health services limit the measures for eradication of the disease, keeping it endemic mainly in the most vulnerable populations, justifying the persistence of TB as serious public health problem. Developing countries, such as Brazil, are those that present the highest incidence rates of the disease because they share some common characteristics in high-risk global regions, as the high urbanization index, high social inequality and ethnic and cultural diversity as well as the neglected control by public policies and society, making it difficult to comprehend the disease dynamics and responsiveness. In the last decades, the development of new statistical techniques deployed to epidemiology as well as the use of computers and creation of new programs have helped in a better comprehension of the health-disease process, making the application of analyses from data obtained in epidemiologic investigations accessible to an increasing number of researchers by extracting elements that contribute to minimize the health problems of society. Also, elements for the orientation of intersectoral actions that contribute to decision making have been provided. In this sense, the use of technologies that can subsidize the decision making, organizing and planning actions to eradicate TB is substantial. The geographic information systems associated with geoprocessing techniques constitute a big tool for TB monitoring, control and evaluation, as they lead to distribution dynamics understanding between illness and death risks because it allows an evaluation of TB distribution and its populational determinants in space and time. Therefore, it was chosen as objective to analyze from the literature the contributions of spatial analysis for comprehending TB dynamics.


131 former POWs assigned PTSD diagnoses were distinguished from 62 of their nondiagnosed counterparts by greater stressor severity reflected in measures of confinement weight loss and psychological and biological hardship as well as person characteristics of less socioeconomic advantage and lower military rank.


A three-dimensional (3-D), high-resolution, non-linearly viscous, non-isothermal ice-sheet model is employed to calculate the "present-day" equilibrium regime of the Antarctic ice sheet and its evolution during the last glacial cycle. The model is augmented by an approximate formula for ice-sheet basal temperature, based on a scaling of the thermodynamic equation for the ice flow. Steady-state solutions for both the shape and extent of the areas of basal melting (or freezing) are shown to be in good agreement with those obtained from the solution of the full 3-D thermodynamic equation. The solution for the basal temperature field of the West Antarctic Siple Coast produces areas at the pressure-melting point separated by strips of frozen-to-bed ice, the structure of which is reminiscent of Ice Streams A–E. This configuration appears to be robust, preserving its features in spite of climatic changes during the last glacial cycle. Ice Stream C seems to be more vulnerable to stagnation, switching to a passive mode at least once during the penultimate interglacial. We conjecture that the peculiarities of local topography determine the unique behavior of Ice Stream C: reduced basal stress and, consequently, relatively weak warming due to internal friction and basal sliding is not able to counteract the advective cooling during the periods of increased snowfall rate.


The usage of the solar photovoltaic (SPV) module to meet the power demands, especially in residential and office buildings, is inevitable in forthcoming years. The objective of this study is to experimentally investigate the possibility of improving the performance of the standalone rooftop SPV module used in the residential and office buildings during peak solar irradiance and ambient temperature with active cooling of the rear surface alone by spraying water and the front surface alone by water overflowing over it and cooling of the rear and the front surfaces simultaneously. The underneath of the SPV module is attached with a tray with a length of 1580 mm, a width of 640 mm, and a depth of 100 mm. It is filled with 40-70 litres of water. Accouters are made for water overflowing from the tube over the front surface of the module and cooling of the rear surface by spraying water. The rear surface cooling, front surface cooling, and simultaneous cooling of both the surfaces reduce the average operating temperature of the module by 15.52°C (maximum 18.6°C), 24.29°C (maximum 28.7°C), and 28.52°C (maximum 34.7°C), respectively. This temperature reduction leads to the increase in the power output of the 150 W module by 10.70 W, 18.48 W, and 20.56 W and percentage increase in efficiency by 8.778%, 15.278%, and 16.895% for rear, front, and simultaneous cooling of surfaces, respectively. The net power output of the module with the front surface cooling by overflowing (0.9 litre/min) water is higher, i.e., 15.88 W/150 W, and produces installation capacity of 0.4234 watt-hour (Wh) of more energy per watt during the test period 10 AM to 2 PM in a day. The recommended cooling methods eliminate the need for freshwater and separate arrangements to dissipate the heat carried by the circulated water and reduced the power required and quantity of water circulated. They also reduced the heat loads of the room by the shadow effect and by maintaining the tray water above the roof.


Graphene-a single atomic layer of graphite-is a recently found two-dimensional (2-D) form of carbon, which exhibits high crystal quality and ballistic electron transport at room temperature. Soft magnetic NiFe electrodes have been used to inject polarized spins into graphene, and a 10% change in resistance has been observed as the electrodes switch from the parallel to the antiparallel state. This coupled with the fact that a field-effect electrode can modulate the conductivity of these graphene films makes them exciting potential candidates for spin electronic devices


This paper is organized in two main sections. Section 2 examines theoretical conceptions of the European Union and international institutions. It finds both the external and the internal perspective on institutions present in integration theory, while the latter is virtually missing in international relations theory. Section 3 outlines an interaction-oriented conception of international institutions that transfers the internal perspective of modern neo-functionalism to these institutions.


The theory of translation as adaptation and selection,based on Darwin's "survival of the fittest",thinks that translator/translatum just obeys the rule of "survival of the fittest'.This theory can be employed to explain the relationship between foreignization and domestication.Within this theoretical framework,foregnization and domestication are in a continuum,the foregnized can come to domestication via three steps: foreignization;experiencing the test of the translation eco-system of the target language;domestication.


Action recognition systems mostly work with videos of proper quality and resolution. Even most challenging benchmark databases for action recognition, hardly include videos of low-resolution from, e.g., surveillance cameras. In videos recorded by such cameras, due to the distance between people and cameras, people are pictured very small and hence challenge action recognition algorithms. Simple upsampling methods, like bicubic interpolation, cannot retrieve all the detailed information that can help the recognition. To deal with this problem, in this paper we combine results of bicubic interpolation with results of a state-of-the-art deep learning-based super-resolution algorithm, through an alpha-blending approach. The experimental results obtained on down-sampled version of a large subset of Hoolywood2 benchmark database show the importance of the proposed system in increasing the recognition rate of a state-of-the-art action recognition system for handling low-resolution videos.


This article present a highly efficient and performance-enhanced Softmax Function (SF) designed for a deep neural network accelerator. The SF is an essential component of deep learning models, primarily used in the classification layer, and also in hidden layers of advanced neural networks like Transformer and Capsule networks. The primary challenge of designing an efficient hardware architecture for SF is the complex exponential and division computational sub-blocks. To address this challenge, a hardware-optimized pipelined CORDIC-based architecture is proposed, leveraging the mutual exclusivity of the CO-ordinate Rotational DIgital Computer (CORDIC) algorithm, designed for enhanced throughput, area, and power. To maintain good accuracy in deep learning models, the proposed SF design undergoes a Pareto study that evaluates the variation of accuracy concerning the number of pipeline stages. The proposed design is quantized to 16-bit precision, and inference accuracy is validated for different datasets. The SF is prototyped using Xilinx Zynq FPGA, operating at 685MHz, and ASIC implementation is performed for 45nm technology node at 5GHz of maximum operating frequency. The design achieves a validation accuracy loss of less than 2% while reducing silicon area and Energy-Delay-Product (EDP) by $12\times $ . Post-synthesis simulation results indicate that the proposed design outperforms state-of-the-art architectures, achieving $3\times $ better performance in terms of area, power, and logic delay.


In order to implement the intelligent navigation,it is a prerequisite for an autonomous mobile robot to perceive the environment around through the sensor system.And because of the lacking of range information,the using of the Bearing-only SLAM sensor which just obtains azimuth information may results in several problems such as feature initialization problem and data association problem.To solve the problems above,delayed triangulation is performed to recover the new landmark position and then a complete set of Bearing-only SLAM algorithm and corresponding simulation model are presented in this paper.The results demonstrate the validity of this algorithm which meets the consistency and astringency condition of probability estimation.


This article presents a review of the literature on the causes and political implications of the 2014 Maidan Revolution in Ukraine. The academic literature on the Maidan Revolution is extensive and multidisciplinary. Even six years after the revolution, Ukraine remains in the world media and academic spotlight, due to its ongoing conflict with Russia and lingering internal instability. However, despite the availability of a rapidly growing body of literature, there is currently no systematic review that problematizes concepts and assesses the explanatory variables used by the students of the Ukrainian politics. By focusing on the existing literature that has strong empirical foundations, and applying iterative research design this study addresses the following research questions: 1. How does the literature conceptualize the Maidan Revolution? 2. To what extent does the literature consider the Maidan Revolution to be successful in terms of its implications for Ukraine's political transformation and resilience-building? 3. What factors are identified in the literature that explain the anatomy of post-Maidan state-building and identity construction? The review does not pretend to be able to evaluate the effectiveness of the Ukrainian leadership in achieving the general goals of democracy, prosperity and security. Instead, it focuses on the main factors outlined by the existing literature that aim to explain the bigger picture of post-Maidan state-building trajectory, with its challenges, opportunities, setbacks and accomplishments.


J. David Johnson's text is an important read for health communication scholars, medical educators, and even patients. His analysis of health communication and its corresponding messages allow for a pragmatic discussion of important issues while ultimately offering a series of fundamental solutions. Johnson organizes the book into nine chapters in order to address his central thesis that the metaphor of "dosage" can be used to dissect, and more fully understand, health communication messages from a variety of angles—from interpersonal to mass media. Specifically, dosage is used as a metaphor that explicates the amount, frequency, sequencing, delivery systems, interactions, contradictions, and dysfunctions of health communication messages. Dosage as a metaphor relies on three key components: focus on an agent that promotes change, the idea that this agent is seeking to improve the health and well-being of another, and the relative amount, duration, and repetition of particular communicative efforts needed for change. Johnson claims that research has allowed medicine to discover scientific foundations for particular types of dosage, but that it is health communication scholars' responsibility to discover and describe the underlying processes of science, those that are often misunderstood by patients, yet are so important for health care treatments to be successful. Johnson's text is structured in a way that allows the dosage metaphor to be applied to various fields of research. Each chapter ends with an analysis of how amount, frequency, sequencing, delivery systems, interactions, contradictions, and dysfunctions play into various areas of health communication. After explicating the dosage metaphor and its purpose for offering a rich organizing principle for health


This paper presents a procedure to design a robust switching strategy for the basic Buck-Boost DC-DC converter utilizing switched systems' theory. The converter dynamic is described in the framework of linear switched systems and then sliding-mode controller is developed to ensure the asymptotic stability of the desired equilibrium point for the switched system with constant external input. The inherent robustness of the sliding-mode switching rule leads to efficient regulation of the output voltage under load variations. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate the outperformance of the proposed method compared to a rival scheme in the literature.


The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of patient-reported visual analogue scale (VAS) ratings. All of the participants (100 Polish-speaking adults) completed a Tinnitus Functional Index (TFI) once and a 4-component VAS twice over a period of 3 days. Spearman's correlation coefficients between the VAS score and global TFI ranged from ρ = 0.52 for VAS-coping (VAS-C) to ρ = 0.81 for VAS-annoyance (VAS-A). Using the Bland-Altman method, the agreement ranged from 93% for VAS-A to 96% for VAS-distress (VAS-D). Interclass correlation coefficients ranged from 0.67 for VAS-C to 0.90 for VAS-A. The VAS cutoff points representing significant tinnitus severity ranged from 45 points for VAS-C to 66 points for VAS-D. VAS scales are a valid and reliable brief screening tool for obtaining quick information about tinnitus.


From the 29 th of November to the 2 nd of December 2005 a light fuel oil spill occurred in the Lower Western Scheldt alongside the village of Rilland/Reimerswaal (province of Zeeland, Netherlands). According to several estimates 1000-1100 Greylag Geese were affected by this oil spill, alongside a very low number of other Anser sp. and shorebirds. On the 3 rd of December, 811 Greylags affected by the fuel were noted; 354 (43,5%) of them were heavily polluted, i.e. 3/4 to 4/4 of their plumage surface covered in a black smear. The degree of pollution, activities and abdominal profile of these heavily polluted Greylags have been compared with those of unpolluted Greylags. The proportion of heavily polluted geese decreased sharply within the first nine days after the 3 rd of December and after that date continued to decrease gradually, because of an effective self-cleaning, on which they spent 38% of their time budget. This led to discolorations of their plumage, which rendered them generally lighter in colour than the unpolluted Greylags. Heavily polluted geese took the wing as quickly and as easily as geese belonging to the control group. Short-term mortality because of the oill spill has been very low. However, the mean index of the abdominal profile in the heavily polluted geese was significantly lower than in the unpolluted group. This indicates that the physical condition upon leaving the winterquarters in the first was not as good as in the latter. As Greylags leave their wintering site at Rilland in early spring it has not been possible to know the fate of many formerly polluted individuals. PERSSON (1996) noted that such birds are still able to cover long distances, i.e. from Scania to South-West Spain. Our observations indicate that these movements are undertaken with less fat accumulation, which may influence migration survival and breeding success.


Background: Erythromycin resistance among Streptococcus pyogenes (S. pyogenes) has been reported with alarming rates throughout the world. Fibronectin-binding proteins, especially F1 (PrtF1) encoded by prtF1 gene have been implicated in mediating internalization of S. pyogenes within epithelial cells. Objectives: the current study aimed to detect erythromycin resistance among S. pyogenes causing acute pharyngo-tonsillitis in Egyptian children and to explore the association between erythromycin resistance and the presence of prtf1 gene. Methodology: Throat swabs were collected from 100 pediatric patients with age ranging from 5 to 12 years and suffering from pharyngo-tonsillitis . s. pyogenes was recovered from samples and identified by conventional methods . In-vitro susceptibility of s. pyogenes isolates to different antimicrobials was done using disk diffusion method. Minimum inhibitory concentration for erythromycin was determined using E test strips. The phenotype of macrolide resistance was determined using the double-disk test. The presence of prtF1 gene was detected by polymerase chain reaction. Results: S. pyogenes were isolated from 45% (45/100) of the patients' throat swabs. Erythromycin resistance was detected in 11 (24.4%) isolates , among which 5 (45.5%) exhibited the M phenotype of macrolide resistance; 4 isolates had the constitutive phenotype of resistance while 2 isolates had the induced phenotype. prtF1 gene was detected in 16/45 isolates (35.6%). There was statistically significant association between prtF1 gene presence and erythromycin resistance (OR: 4.8611; 95% CI: 1.14-20.63, p= 0.032). Conclusion : The present study provides a preliminary idea about the frequency of macrolide resistance and contribute to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of S. pyogenes causing pharyngo-tonsillitis in Egyptian children.


In the title compound, C18H12O6, the anthraquinone ring system is nearly planar [maximum deviation = 0.161 (3) Å] and both acetate groups are located on the same side of the ring plane. A supramolecular architecture arises in the crystal owing to π–π stacking between parallel benzene rings of adjacent molecules [centroid–centroid distance = 3.883 (4) Å] and weak intermolecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bonding.


The paper discusses sector work as the basis of efficient policing. There are two models to be discussed. The first model is the model applied during the period of socialism and social self-protection and the second is the one in the period after the year 2000 when implementation of community policing experiences taken from the developed countries started. In the period of socialism, the sector work was recognized as a form of decentralization of the police force, a suitable form for conducting preventive work and as a way to incorporate the police force into the system of social self-protection successfully. The patrolman in a sector enjoyed the trust and respect of the citizens. Being deployed in a particular sector for several years, he knew the people, the territory, and the security problems in that area. The sector work (both conceptually and practically) has many similarities with the community policing model whose implementation should lead to the transformation of the conventional way of doing police work and restore the confidence of citizens in the police. Community policing brought the reaffirmation of the patrolman and sector work, and taking on many of its recognizable programs, methods and techniques can contribute to adaptation and application of the traditional sector work to modern conditions.


Objective: To survey the quality standards of Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma Rubra slices. Method: This experiment was carried out to observe the characters,identify the quality by microscopy and TLC, and make the content determination by HPLC for the Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma Rubra slices from different areas. The chromatographic column was Lichrospher C 18( 4. 6 mm ×150 mm,5 μm) with gradient elution of acetonitrile and water. The detection wavelength was set at 203 nm; the flow rate was at 1. 0 mL·min- 1and the column temperature was set at 30 ℃ respectively. Result: The appearances of samples were different when microcharacteristic was obvious and TLC spots were clear on the corresponding position of ginseng control medicine, ginsenoside Rf,Rg 1,Re and Rb 1. Concentration range of Rg 1 + Re was 0. 097 0%-0. 301% when concentration range of Rb 1 was 0. 140%-0. 310% in thirteen batches of samples. Conclusion: The content of ginsenoside Rg 1, Re and Rb 1 was considerably different as well as the characters and micro-characteristics of slices. The study provides a reference for standards of Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma Rubra slices which need to be formulated.


discussed we find 'all', 'some', 'is', 'if, 'only', 'and', 'or', 'not', etc. Peter of Spain explains at the beginning of his Treatise on Syncategorematic Words: Because a thing is or is not, a proposition is said to be true or false. But truth or falsity is caused in a proposition by syncategorema tic words, such as 'only', 'alone', 'but', 'with the exception of, and so on. Therefore syncategorematic words signify something or other. But they do not signify things capable of functioning as subjects or predicates. Therefore they signify characteristics of things which are characteristics of things capable of functioning as subjects or predicates. However, there is nothing in a true or false statement except a subject and a predicate and their characteristics. Nevertheless they do not signify characteristics of that which is a subject or of that which is a predicate, as 'white', 'black', 'well', 'badly', and the like, do; rather they signify a characteristic of a subject as subject or of a predicate as predicate. [3], p. 17. Syncategorematic words signify characteristics of terms rather than characteristics of things. They serve the syntactic role of indicating how terms are qualified and how they are to be interrelated. In discussions of syncategorema tic terms by medieval logicians, we find some include consideration of the terms 'incipit' ('begins') and 'desinit' ('ceases'). Though these terms are of little interest to contemporary logicians, medieval logicians thought 'begins' and 'ceases' were syncategorematic terms of particular interest to logicians.2 I will briefly consider why this is so. A logic which analyzes the language of mathematics can be a logic of eternal or atemporal truths and falsehoods, but in the physical world things change. While the statement '2 + 3 = 5' is true for all time, in all places,


Secondary and tertiary alicyclic amines (piperidine, morpholine, N-ethyl-piperidine, and N-methylmorpholine), and aromatic nitrogen heterocycles (benzimidazole, 2-methyl- and 2-t-butyl-benzimidazole, and pyridine), are shown to yield the heterocyclic amine purpurates (murexide analogues) by reaction with anhydrous alloxan in dry acetic acid. The central nitrogen atom of the purpurate anion, normally derived from ammonia, is considered to arise from degradation of some of the alloxan, and is accompanied by liberation of carbon dioxide. Pyrrolidine did not yield a purpurate (or carbon dioxide) under the reaction conditions.


This study proposes a mental accounting and habit model of online social media (OSM) usage to examine the moderating effect of habit and distinct impact of OSM attributes on the value assessment and behavioral choices of the technology. The model was validated using data from a field survey of online social networking services (OSNS). This study contributes to information systems (IS) research, and has practical implications for practitioners and administrators of higher education.


U. S hramm M. Bussmann D. Habs Sektion Physik, LMU Muni h, D-85748 Gar hing, Germany Abstra t Laser ooling of a stored 24Mg+ ion beams re ently lead to the long anti ipated experimental realization of Coulomb-ordered ` rystalline' ion beams in the lowenergy rf-quadrupole storage ring PALLAS (Muni h). Moreover, systemati studies revealed severe onstraints on the ooling s heme and the storage ring latti e for the attainment and maintenan e of the rystalline state of the beam, whi h will be summarized. With the envisaged advent of high-energy heavy ion storage rings like SIS 300 at GSI (Darmstadt), whi h o er favourable latti e onditions for spa eharge dominated beams, we here dis uss the general s aling of laser ooling of highly relativisti beams of highly harged ions and present a novel idea for dire t three-dimensional beam ooling by for ing the ions onto a heli al path.


While internationalizing education is important for preparing students for the employment opportunities that globalization has brought to Thailand, it is also about instilling cross-cultural values in a globalized world such as humanism and cosmopolitanism. Many international programs are geared more to the former goal of internationalization rather than to the latter, resulting in more emphasis on major and specialization courses, which this author argues is contradictory to the goals of a "general" education. The author of this paper and presentation calls describes the ongoing debate at his college about the future of the General Education program and argues for the development of academic literacy through exploration of themes that are not tailored to industry, but instead emphasize critical thinking and humanism that is crucial to the twenty-first century.


to create a museum of learning. I don't mean a stuffy, hands-off collection of old manuscripts or 1⁄2lms, but rather a state-of-the-art exploratorium that displayed the full spectrum of learning types and, in vivid form, everything that is known about learning.1 Suppose, further, that we had a budget for consultants and were able to hire the seven experts whose essays are collected here. Presumably we would have in mind a number of guiding questions, among them: What examples of learning should we include? How should we conceptualize this enterprise? What progress has taken place in our understanding of learning in the last century or so, and how can these revolutionary insights inform the education of future generations? Finally, what puzzles remain? In all probability our museum's 1⁄2rst displays would show humans learning: infants crawling, walking, talking; toddlers engaged in rough-and-tumble or imaginative play; youngsters (or oldsters) at school, learning their 3Rs and going on to master the disciplines and perhaps engage in interdisciplinary work. Casting our net more widely, we might exhibit a child learning to play a musical instrument, an apprentice working alongside a master builder, a medical student attending rounds, a recruit in the military, a physically injured person recovering the ability to walk, a victim of a stroke learning to talk or reason again. Casting our net more widely still, to encompass the full range of learning among animals, our museum might include exhibits of sea slugs that learn to move in certain directions while avoiding others; 1⁄2sh that 'imprint' on certain physical forms and trail after these privileged forms throughout development;


Huizhou area lies to the zone of subtropical moist monsoon climate. Surrounded by continuous stretch of mountains, Huizhou, which abounds in bright mountains and limpid waters, was an important settlement for people migrating from northern China for 3 times in Chinese history. They established early-period villages. With time passing on, people had gradually migrated from original villages and built new ones, which was a basic form of the formation of Huizhou ancient village. A large population from northern China migrated into borders of Huizhou not only brought the patriarchal clan system, promoted style of writing, but also stimulated positivity of trade of Hui people for human-land conflict and rich products. The merchants had quicken construction and development for ancient village in Huizhou of the Ming and Qing dynasties. With time passing on, the geographical environment of the Ming and Qing dynasties in Huizhou boasted beautiful mountains and rivers and flourishing style of writing, and thus, had created glorious regional culture of Huizhou characteristics.


GAO was a famous family in Dali Kingdom,they held the position of prime minister hereditarily in central government and the power could influence all over the eight prefectures and four counties. The Dali Kingdom governed the country with the Buddhism,all the people had a devout Buddhist faith. In order to know the Buddhism development about GAO's,after the study of archives,the stone inscriptions and other historical documents,it can be concluded that they developed the Buddhism such as built the Buddhist scriptures,the temples,the pagodas and the grottoes. At the same time,they promoted the Buddhist culture as a model in daily life,and the GAO' s motivations of developed Buddhism were analyzed. At the last,it affirmed that GAO made a great contribution to the development of Buddhism for Dali Kingdom.


The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural drugs and particularly relates to a thiamethoxam and azoxystrobin compounded suspended seed coating and a preparation method thereof. The thiamethoxam and azoxystrobin compounded suspended seed coating consists of a compound A and a compound B, wherein the compound A comprises 1-50% of thiamethoxam, 1-20% of azoxystrobin, 0.5-5.5% of wetting dispersant, 1-10% of film-forming agent, 0.05-1% of thickening agent, 1-5% of antifreezing agent, 0.1-1% of antiseptic agent, 0.05-0.5% of defoaming agent and 20-50% of water; the compound B comprises 1-10% of colorant, 0.5-2.5% of a dispersant, 0.05-1% of thickening agent, 0.05-0.5% of defoaming agent and 10 to 30% of water, wherein the number of the components are the weight percent of the components in the suspended seed coating. The thiamethoxam and azoxystrobin compounded suspended seed coating has the advantages of good film forming property, uniform coating, high suspension percentage, safety, low toxicity and the like, and obviously improves the worm killing and disease preventing effect.


Cefprozil dimethyl formamide(DMF) solvate is prepared via mixed-anhydride,salification and condensation reactions with 7-APCA and dipotassium 7-hydroxynaphthalene-1,3-disulphonate(Dane Salt) as starting materials.Then,it reacts with water and produces cefprozil monohydrate.The reaction time is reduced and the yield is raised by adjusting the pH value with N,N-dimethylaniline during the course of the condensation reaction.


A heuristic programming approach to minimum-delay arterial street signal timing plan optimization is presented. The selection of a good heuristic solution for phasing sequence, cycle length, and green splits is demonstrated. The approach demonstrates a procedure for use by the traffic engineer in selecting the phase sequence, cycle length, and offsets for an arterial street for developing a minimum-delay signal timing plan from existing computer programs. The heuristic procedure is to use the PASSER II computer program for maximum bandwidth progression optimization to select the phasing sequence and the initial starting point for use in the TRANSYT 6 computer program to develop a minimum-delay performance index solution. This permits all signal timing variables to be optimized. Comparisons are made between this heuristic solution and the best signal timing plan developed (considering all possible combinations a priori) by the TRANSYT program. An evaluation of use of the PASSER II green split routine versus the TRANSYTSTAR1 routine on the program solution was performed. The heuristic procedure, when restricted to the minimum-delay cycle length, resulted in at least a good solution versus a TRANSYT best solution that used a measure index. A comparison of the PASSER II green splits and the TRANSYTSTAR1 routine produced mixed results.


Spartocytisus supranubius shrubs covered in ice after an ice storm at the summit of La Palma, Canary Islands. This species is endemic to the high‐altitude parts of La Palma and Tenerife. Photograph taken by Richard Field on 19 February 2013. From Steinbauer et al. article in this issue.


The authors present the WebTeach system, currently used at the Engineering Faculty, University of Florence, Italy. The system is composed of three parts: WebCheck, a web database interface for test management; WebTest, a multiple-choice quiz generation system; and WebWrite, a collaborative Web publishing tool. WebCheck is used for managing subscriptions to tests and publication of results. It allows teachers to organize exam sessions and students to consult the results of their tests by a web interface. Most of tests are generated using WebTest, which is a suite of Perl libraries and front-end applications for the generation and automatic evaluation of multiple-choice quizzes. Web Write is an implementation of the TWiki system, which appears as a web site where all pages can be edited using a simple syntax, resembling e-mail text. WebWrite is used for publishing didactic material and will become the generic interface-managing tool of the WebTeach system. This system is also used for teaching to jailed students.


Demand in the United States for edamame has increased over the past two decades. Edamame has become the second largest soyfood consumed in the US (25,000-30,000 tons annually). While domestic edamame production is slowly increasing, at least 70% of edamame consumed in the US is imported. Poor crop establishment is a major problem limiting edamame production. Seedling emergence ranges from 50-85%, which is lower than that of grain-type soybean ( >85%). Seedling stand can be improved by growing under the optimal temperature. Up to now, edamame is planted still based on grain-type soybean recommendations. The objective of this study was to determine the minimum, optimum, and maximum emergence temperatures of edamame. It will provide a scientific basis for deciding the best planting time of edamame, ultimately improving its seedling stand in the field. In this study, two edamame cultivars (VT Sweet and UA Kirksey) were tested for their seedling emergence percentage and emergence rate (i.e., emergence speed) at 5, 7, 10, 13, 16, 19, 21, 23, 25, 27, 29, 32, 35, 38, 41, 45 °C (soil temperature) using the LabFieldTM Simulation Table. Two grain-type soybean cultivars (MFS-48P1 and USF5618v) were checks. The results showed that the optimal temperature range for edamame seedling emergence is 25-32 °C, which is lower than that of grain-type soybean (29-36 °C). Soybean did not emerge at around 4 °C, however, edamame seeds may have a higher tolerance to low temperature compared with grain-type soybean. The maximum temperature varied little among soybean types, with an average of 41.08 °C. In addition, edamame needs more thermal time to emerge. The results indicate that edamame has a different emergence response to temperature compared with grain-type soybean. Edamame should be planted earlier than grain-type soybean and later planting may reduce edamame seedling emergence.


The traditional underground utility tunnel system is characterized by a lengthy construction period, material waste, and poor engineering quality. This study proposes the prefabricated composite shell system underground utility tunnel as a new type of prefabricated underground utility tunnel system. This system uses 20 mm thick high-performance cement-based materials as permanent templates, with steel reinforcement skeletons placed in the cavity between the two side molds, and concrete can be poured after on-site hoisting and positioning to form an integrated tunnel. This study first systematically introduces the system design method of the prefabricated composite shell system underground utility tunnel and clarifies its component and connection structures. Then, bending tests are conducted on the composite shell tunnel top plate specimens, and a cast-in-place top plate specimen is selected as a control group. A suitable bearing capacity calculation formula for composite shell top plates is derived and proposed based on test phenomena and results analysis. The results showed that the prefabricated outer template and internal cast-in-place concrete of the composite shell top plate specimen have good collaborative performance. Its bearing capacity, stiffness, and failure phenomena are consistent with those of cast-in-place components, as are its mechanical properties. In addition, the proposed bearing capacity calculation formula for a composite shell top plates is highly accurate and can guide the design of such components.


This article has as purpose offering some opinion about the knowledge applicability in the contemporary society and the potential that a practical formation has to support the advance in this debate. From the comparison between the extension action and the supervised internship experiences, the different alternatives for consolidating the extension are explored as an important way of methodological consolidation for teaching experiences


In this paper,we analyze regional income disparities and fiscal transfers changes in Canada from 1951 to 1991 based on statistical data and clarify their structure of change.For this purpose,this study describes that the changing inter-provincial differentials of personal income per capita is specified using Gini coefficient,the coefficient of variation and Theil's measure.The results of the survey lead to the following conclusions. The disparities gradually decreased from the early 1950s to late 1960s and dropped sharply in the early 1970s.During the following decade,the disparities tended to decrease significantly from the mid-1970s,and the decrease in disparities became steady in the early 1980s.Based on Theil's measure,the disparities within eastern provinces and between eastern and western regions showed a remarkable reduction.The role of fiscal transfers in the changing regional income inequalities is examined.The expanding disparities within western provinces during the 1980s are responsible for the diverging total disparities.We do not consider that economic growth rate had a significantly negative effect on the divergence of the regional inequalities.These results support disequilibrium and transition perspectives in the sense that an economic boom can increase the relative strength of expansion,and a depression can decrease the effect in Canada.It is true that the convergence of regional inequalities is mainly caused by the expanding fiscal transfers,but this does not mean a sustainable economic growth of low income provinces.This implies that they have increasingly depended upon government transfers in terms of economic well being.


Healthcare management using blockchain technology refers to the use of blockchain to improve the efficiency, security and privacy of healthcare data management. Blockchain enables the creation of a decentralized, tamper-proof database that can be shared among healthcare providers, patients, and other stakeholders. This can enhance the coordination and sharing of healthcare data, streamline the administrative processes, reduce costs, and improve patient outcomes. This abstract provides an overview of healthcare management using blockchain, highlighting its benefits and challenges, as well as its potential applications in healthcare. The major reason that paves way for the exploration of blockchain in health care management is its capabilities to secure the information's from cyber-attacks, fraud, and unauthorized access and allow an equitable and transparent data management without the need for a central authority or intermediary, making sure that patients have greater control over their own data. This method can also enable the secure exchange of health data between different healthcare systems and providers, promoting interoperability and improving patient care, by removing the need for intermediaries, blockchain can help streamline the administrative processes, reducing costs and improving the efficiency of healthcare delivery and tracking of medical products and devices throughout the supply chain, helping to prevent counterfeiting and ensuring patient safety. Overall, the use of blockchain in healthcare management has the potential to improve the quality of care, reduce costs, and increase patient satisfaction. However, there are also challenges to be addressed, such as regulatory compliance, interoperability, and scalability.


The dose dependence of the metal-semiconductor phase transition in VO/sub 2/ films was measured for nitrogen ion bombardment between 290 and 360 /sup 0/K. (AIP)


Abstract : This report presents a pore-scale numerical model for flow and transport phenomena in spatially periodic porous media using Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH). SPH is a fully Lagrangian computational fluid dynamics technique in which the numerical solution is achieved without a grid. Originally developed for astrophysical applications, SPH is ex tended to model low Reynolds number single-phase flow and tracer transport in porous media. In this report, a review of literature related to the current research is first provided. The development, verification, and application of the numerical model are then presented for pore-scale flow, diffusion, tracer convection, and hydrodynamic dispersion. Simulations using SPH were used to calculate permeability, diffusivity, disperaivity, and tortuosity of porous media. Simulations indicated that pure tracer convection through two-dimensional spatially periodic porous media cannot be described as an asymptotic Fickian-type process, even for large times, if body force F is parallel to a line of media symmetry. If F is not parallel to a line of media symmetry, Fickian-type mixing is possible for pure tracer convection. An asymptotic Fickian approximation is also valid for tracer hydrodynamic dispersion through spatially periodic porous media, Finally, conclusions and future research needs using the numerical model are provided.


SUMMARY

The common methods of counting Azotobacter spp. in soil, colony counts and MPN, were compared using cell suspensions of densities determined by direct microscopic counts. A highly significant positive correlation was found between the surface-plate, MPN and total cell counts, but the MPN estimations approximated total cell counts much more closely. Inclusion of 1-1.5 g of agar/l of the liquid medium enhanced multiplication of azotobacters and facilitated the recording of growth in MPN estimations.


Gender and Migration in Southern Europe. Women on the Move. Floya Anthias and Gabriella Lazaridis. eds. Berg: Oxford, New York. 2000.263 pp. ISBN:. 85973 231. (cloth),. 85973 236. (paper).


This study aims to discuss the position of Japanese women in the higher education system, especially in Women's Universities, from the social, political, and cultural aspects of the last 150 years. Since the studies on the Japanese society, women, the education system, and higher education at the national level are limited, first, the change in socio-cultural and political discourses regarding Japanese women and the transformation of Japanese Higher Education in the last century, and secondly the history of women's education and universities in Japan are scrutinized in social and political contexts. Lastly, the position and role of the Japanese women are attempted to be discussed by analyzing the women's universities. Basing all discussions and data, it can be interpreted that women's universities are mostly not in a visionary, specific, and impulsive position regarding women and women's education, and most are not in a pioneering, groundbreaking position compared to coed universities in terms of academic productivity