Detailed analysis of the pigments responsible for the color in the fruit of olive (Olea europaea L.) has allowed establishing indices for quality traceability of virgin olive oil and table olives. Studies on chlorophyll and carotenoid metabolism during development and ripening of different Spanish varieties have shown the existence of intervarietal metabolic differences. This knowledge allows use of these pigments as biomarkers for an integral system of traceability of the virgin olive oil, which identifies all the steps of production, i.e. cultivar, geographical origin and the extraction in the case of olive oil. Particularly interesting in the sector of the table olive has been the clarification of the kinetics and mechanisms involved in the pigment transformation that occurs during fermentation. Based on this we have discovered the multifactor system leading to the insertion of endogenous copper fruit in the chlorophyll molecule, visualized as a superficial alteration known as green-staining.


Navigation and manoeuvring simulators are increasingly being used in research centres to conduct complex navigation experiments and analyses. The structure and capabilities of simulation software make it possible to reproduce any conditions, including weather conditions. The complex mathematical models of marine environmental conditions that are being implemented nowadays take into account various sea wave models, which makes simulation tests more realistic. This paper deals with issues related to evaluating and verifying vessel simulation models based on real-world studies. As a result of the present research project, a methodology for comparing vessel simulation models with their real-life counterparts was developed. A measurement platform was created for the purpose of carrying out real-world studies; it is available at the Institute of Marine Navigation and Hydrography of the Polish Naval Academy. One important research step involved developing a procedural algorithm for making real-world measurements. This paper presents the results of using this platform in comparative tests of the manoeuvring elements of real and simulated vessels.


Advancing Adult Compassion and Resilience: A Toolkit for Health Care Agencies | Section 2 | What Are We Talking About? Our past messages about self-care is just one of a multitude of reasons it can be difficult to establish and maintain healthy self-care habits. But, as we have seen throughout this toolkit, establishing these habits is an important part of living a healthy and happy life. This activity can assist you to identify what prevents you from practicing self-care and to establish new habits that promote self-care.


Properties of the surface mixed layer (ML) are critical for understanding and predicting atmosphere-sea ice-ocean interactions in the changing Arctic Ocean. Mooring measurements are typically unable to resolve the ML in the Arctic due to the need for instruments to remain below the surface to avoid contact with sea ice and icebergs. Here, we use measurements from a series of three moorings installed for one year in the Beaufort Sea to demonstrate that upward looking Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers (ADCPs) installed on subsurface floats can be used to estimate ML properties. A method is developed for combining measured peaks in acoustic backscatter and inertial shear from the ADCPs to estimate the ML depth. Additionally, we use an inverse sound speed model to infer the summer ML temperature based on offsets in ADCP altimeter distance during open water periods. The ADCP estimates of ML depth and ML temperature compare favourably with measurements made from mooring temperature sensors, satellite SST, and from an autonomous Seaglider. These methods could be applied to other extant mooring records to recover additional information about ML property changes and variability.


Security of transmission is a crucial element of any electricity systems. Due to the highly meshed structure of the European power system, single outages can lead to significant disturbances in the whole system. This paper describes the process of the contingency analysis, and determines preventive control actions in a security constrained optimal dispatch. The model is applied to an aggregated network of Belgium and the Netherlands. We find that generation dispatch costs as well as nodal prices are influenced by the re-dispatch due to a reduced available transmission capacity.


Objective: To establish a method for isolation,purification and culture of decidual stromal cells and decidual epithelial cells of human first-trimester pregnancy.Methods: Decidual tissues were digested with 0.1% Collagenase Ⅳ and 0.25% trypsin.Mesh screen filtration,density gradient centrifugation and differential adhesion methods were used to isolate and purify the cells.Two types of cells were identified by immunocytochemistry with vimentin and cytokeratin-7.MTT proliferation assay was employed to analyze the viability of these two kinds of cells in vitro.Results: Decidual stromal cells and decidual epithelial cells could be isolated and cultured successfully in vitro with this method.The cell purity was over 90% and the viability of cultured cells was further confirmed by MTT proliferative assay.Conclusion: Decidual stromal cells and decidual epithelial cells could be colleted at the same time with this economical and efficient method.


The aftermath of the electronics revolution and the probable continuation of a 'tight' financial climate; in particular the effects on libraries dealing with biological information and material. Important trends in biological research and their repercussions on library/information services are discussed. The increasingly interdisciplinary nature of many biological topics, e.g. language, the brain, acid rain, and the different clientele this brings to the biology library staff.


Objective: The aim of this study was to establish intra-rater and inter-rater reliability of a measurement method for the pathway of the supraspinatus intramuscular tendon by 3.0 tesla MRI images. Methods: The scapula and intramuscular tendon extraction DICOM data was made to extract only a scapula domain and intramuscular tendon domain. The shear force angle anterior posterior (SFA-AP) was measured as the pathway of supraspinatus intramuscular tendon with respect to the glenoid plane on three-dimensional (3D) models of the bone and intramuscular tendon. SFA-AP of supraspinatus was measured on 3D models of the bone and intramuscular tendon. The mean and standard deviation of SFA-AP of supraspinatus was calculated. Intra-rater reliability and inter-rater reliability were evaluated by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), the standard error of the mean (SEM) and the minimal detectable change (MDC). Inter-rater reliability was evaluated by three raters. Results: As for intra-rater reliability, SFA-AP of supraspinatus measured averaged [Formula: see text], with ICC (1,1) of 0.978, with ICC (1,3) of 0.993, with SEM of 0.53, with MDC of 1.46[Formula: see text]. As for inter-rater reliability, SFA-AP of supraspinatus measured averaged [Formula: see text] (rater1), SFA-AP measured averaged [Formula: see text] (rater2), SFA-AP measured averaged [Formula: see text] (rater3), with ICC (2,1) of 0.896, with ICC (2,3) of 0.963, with SEM of 1.11, with MDC of 3.09[Formula: see text]. Conclusions: 3D models of the bone and intramuscular tendon were evaluated as intra-rater and inter-rater reliabilities. SFA-AP of supraspinatus is guaranteed by one measurement.


To automate the calibration of capacitance standards, an eight channel coaxial multiplexer has been developed to be used with a widely used commercial capacitance bridge. The use of the multiplexer doesn't worsen the intrinsic uncertainty of the bridge for capacitors of 10 pF and above. For a 1 pF standard, the use of the multiplexer affect the uncertainty only at frequencies higher than 2 kHz.


LECTURE I. Introductory.Comparison of Peptic, Tryptic, and Anthrax Digestion of Proteids.-Chemical Changes Produced in the Tisues by Anthrax.-Diphtheria: Mode of Investigation.-Nature and Amount ofProducts in Blood and Tissues.-Physiological Action of Diphtheria.-AlbuMoses.-Production of Paralysui. MR. PRESIDENT,-I must in the first place express my sense of the honour which has been conferred on me by my appointmnent as Goulstonian Lecturer, and I trust that what I shall bring forward will be deemed worthy of the traditions of this distinguished College. The subject I have chosen is the chemical pathology of diphtheria compared with that of anthrax, infective endo.carditis, and tetanus; that is, of two diseases, anthrax and infective endocarditis eminently febrile, and of two, diphtheria and tetanus, with symptoms specially referable to the nervoussystem. They are all disorders in which the symptoms are due to a primary infective agent or living contagium. A mere study of the morphology of this primary infective agent does not explain the symptoms of the diseases, still less is this so when we consider that in diphtheria and acute traumatic tetanus the infective agent has been found only at the point of inoculation of the disease, and does not diffuse itself throughout the body. Besides the morphological chaTacters of the infective agent and a histological examination, a -ehemical investigation is necessary, and to this we shall probably in the future have to look, not only for an explanation of the symptoms of infective disorders, but for a scientifically grounded method of treatment. The direction of the research which I shall bring before you is the investigation in these specific disorders of the presence of specific poisons, the product of the primary infective agent. I will, as an explanatory introduction, state quite briefly what I have already published on the chemical pathology of anthrax, a disease which serves as an excellent example, since its microscopical anatomy and bacteriology have been very completely worked out. It is characterised, in its anatomy, by the presence of the bacillus anthracis at the seat of inoculation and in different organs of the body, especially the spleen ; and in its symptoms, by the onset of fever, by the presence of great prostration, and by the occurrence of stupor ending in coma and death. Anthrax.-L. If the bacillus anthracis is grown in a medium which resembles the fluids of the body (in containing an animal proteid and a certain proportion of mineral salts), it digests the proteid with the formation of products resembling, chemically, those found in peptic and in tryptic digestions, with the exception, however, that the final product is a base, an organic body forming salts with acids.


The present invention discloses a method of spectrum use in a wireless cellular network having at least two layers of the covering and associated apparatus. The method comprising: determining a pilot signal received power threshold; guide the small-cell base station detects at least one large-cell base station pilot signal received power; detected strongest pilot signal received power of the pilot signal received power threshold is compared, if more than the determined received pilot signal power threshold, separate spectrum mode is used; otherwise, uses the shared spectrum mode. By the methods and apparatus of the present invention, when the large-cell base station closer from the Femtocell base station adopts the separate spectrum mode to reduce interference between the small-cell base station and large-cell base station, to improve the wireless cellular network having wireless network coverage of at least two of spectrum efficiency, while the use of the shared spectrum mode when the small-cell base station is far from the large-cell base station to realize sharing spectrum, spectrum efficiency of a wireless cellular network having wireless network coverage of at least two layers.


Adopting a hybrid, creative-critical approach, this article explores how Rosi Braidotti's notion of posthuman subjectivity based on a negotiation between humans, zoe (nonhumans), geo (earth) and techno (technologies) can be put into practice creatively. Against the background of the low-lying South Holland coast, where sandscapes based on human-nonhuman collaborations prevent coastal erosion, I trace the various voices in the landscape complementing and interrupting each other. Shifting from a human perspective into the perspectives of zoe, geo and techno, the narration of this piece finally coalesces to form a new 'we' which represents this posthuman subjectivity. Imagining alternate futures based on this inclusive 'we,' this piece explores what a collaboration based on a collective posthuman subjectivity can mean in practice. Moreover, it demonstrates the potential of experiments in form and style to make tangible theoretical insights from posthuman scholarship, introducing an innovative approach that bridges the gap between academic and creative writing.


Deep semantic networks using sentimental mining is a powerful tool for analyzing user sentiment in a wide range of contexts. Sentimental mining extracts and analyzes user comments and reviews from natural language text and then interprets this data to produce insights. By leveraging a deep learning model, sentimental mining allows for accurate sentiment identification and analysis. However, this approach can be computationally expensive, limiting its practical applications. To address this challenge, various optimization methods have been proposed to reduce the computational complexity of the sentiment analysis process. These optimization methods analyze the sentiment data to determine which parameters can be adjusted for the network structure to reduce the computational complexity. Additionally, advanced optimization algorithms have been developed to allow for a more efficient training process and better results. Research has also been conducted on the use of evolving deep neural networks as a way to optimize sentiment analysis performance. Through the combination of these optimization techniques, sentiment mining can be significantly improved in terms of accuracy, speed, and efficiency.


The ability of some currently used high order geopotential models - OSU81, GPM2, IFE87E1 and 88E, OSU86E and 86F, OSU89A and OSU89B - to recover the gravity anomaly field in Hungary has been tested. There were three ways used to compare the geopotential coefficient solutions. One of the tests is based on using the point gravity data published by RENNER and SZILARD (1959). A comparison of quasigeoid undulations computed from the potential coefficients with undulations derived from Doppler stations positions has been performed. A detailed comparison of several geopotential solutions in terms of differences in gravity anomalies and quasigeoid undulations in the region of Hungary is also presented. The results have shown that OSU89B model is the most suitable one for use as a reference in the region of Hungary. This model is able to recover gravity anomalies
over 54 % of the area of Hungary within 5 mgal and over 81 % of the country with 10 mgal. However, large systematic discrepancies have been observed between different geopotential solutions in the eastern part of Hungary as well as in the eastern and southern Neighbourhood of Hungary due to the lack of real surface gravity data from Romania, and from both the former countries of the Soviet Union and Yugoslavia, etc. in geopotential
coefficients computations.


In his measure-theoretic treatment of Riemann integration, Frink has shown that the set of discontinuities of a Riemann integrable function is a countable union of sets of zero Jordan content [21. Such a set is thus of Lebesgue measure zero and of the first category. By constructing a counterexample in the plane, Frink also established the fact that not every first category null set is the set of discontinuities of some Riemann integrable function. In the course of his consideration of Jordan content and Riemann integration in topological measure spaces, Marcus has proved the direct generalization of the positive assertion above [5] and has addressed himself to the converse proposition in this more general setting [6]. In the latter investigation, restricting his attention to somewhat special topological measure spaces, Marcus was able to establish the following proposition:


In this paper, we present a computational analysis of the problem of attacking sign prediction, whereby the aim of the attacker (a network member) is to hide from the defender (an analyst) the signs of a target set of links by removing the signs of some other, non-target, links. The problem turns out to be NP-hard if either local or global similarity measures are used for sign prediction. We propose a heuristic algorithm and test its effectiveness on several real-life and synthetic datasets.


The product of aperture size and beam width for a continuous linear array of isotropic radiators is shown to be bounded below by a positive constant that depends upon the supergain ratio γ and the fraction of the radiated power contained in the main beam. The approach employed is patterned after the usual derivation of the uncertainty relation in quantum mechanics.


Abstract Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is a kind of high performance engineering plastic. However, the application of pure PET is subject to limitation because of its slow crystallization rate. In order to overcome this difficulty, thermoplastic resins are often added into PET matrix by a compounding technique. Polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) possesses many advantages such as a high degree of crystallinity and rapid molding, thus, is very suitable to adjust the crystallization behaviors of PET. In this work, the crystallization behaviors of PET/PBT alloys were studied by a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and thermal platform polarizing microscope. The obtained results indicate that the content of PBT could tune the melting and crystallization behaviors of the alloy. The parameters of non-isothermal crystallization of the alloys for blends were analyzed by the Jeziorny and Kissinger methods. The non-isothermal crystallization process for PET, PBT and PET/PBT alloys fit the Jeziorny model well at the early stage, but there is a certain small deviation at the later stage, indicating that the nucleation mechanism of PET/PBT alloy is complicated. In addition, the crystallization rate accelerates with an increase in cooling rate. The alloys show the best crystallization performance when the content of PBT is 10 wt%, and their crystallization activation energy reaches up to -201.78 kJ/mol.


Various disclosed embodiments include systems, methods, and devices for automatic delivery of medical services and medical products. In certain embodiments, the system and / or method is at least partially controlled by a computer.


Due to the shortcoming of being cracked easily of single chaotic map, a novel hybrid chaotic sequence is proposed. The model of this hybrid chaotic sequence is based on combining two chaotic maps and changing the parameter of the one chaotic map. The balance, randomness and correlation property of the hybrid chaotic sequence are analyzed. And a model of spread spectrum communication system is established, in which the hybrid chaotic sequence is used as the spread spectrum sequence. The result of the simulation shows that the hybrid chaotic sequence which with well balance, better randomness and excellent correlation property can be applied as the spread spectrum sequence.


Phenol red (X-PR) and malachite green carbinol (MGC) are two textile finishing dyes, which are present in aquatic environments through industrial effluents. Due to the toxic nature of both dyes, they are harmful to human health. In the present study, two materials, barley seeds and the biochar of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), were used to remove the dyes in an aqueous solution. The materials used are characterized by AFM, FTIR, SEM, XRD and EDX techniques. In this study, the parameters studied are the adsorbent dose, pH, initial adsorbate concentration and contact time. The maximum equilibrium time was found to be 90 min for all dyes. Kinetic studies revealed that the adsorption of X-PR and MGC on barley seeds (BS-HVL) and the biochar of barley (BC-HVL) followed pseudo-second-order kinetics and that both porous and intraparticle diffusion mechanisms were involved. The adsorption equilibrium data were well fitted to the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm model for both materials, and the maximum adsorption capacity of monolayer and multilayers for X-PR and MGC were 71.642 mg g−1 and 50 mg g−1 on BS-HVL, and 44.843 mg g−1 and 121.95 mg g−1 on BC-HVL, respectively. The thermodynamic results reveal that the dye removal on barley was endothermic and spontaneous in nature.


Recently, IHT(intermittent hypoxia training)has been a highlight in the international academia of sports medicine.Hypoxia can be divided into two sorts in terms of the damage.One is dysoxia and the other is adapted cell hypoxia. Furthermore,IHT can also be defined as chronic hypoxia and intermittent hypoxia according to the training time .We introduce a variety of hypoxia training models and the hypoxia adaption of skeletal muscle and draw the conclusion that the cell signaling mechanisms in adaptions in IH is the future direction of research.


Effects of deicing salt on eastern white pine (Pinusstrobus L.) were studied in the field and in the laboratory. Studies in controlled temperature chambers showed that solutions of deicing salt sprayed onto 4-year-old trees induced symptoms of foliar browning similar to those observed on trees growing near highways. Symptoms developed at 15 °C but not at 1.5 °C. The amount of injury that developed after 3 weeks at 15 °C appeared to be directly related to the concentration of sodium and chloride in the leaf tissue. Repeated sampling of foliage from trees adjacent to highway 401 between May 1970 and May 1971 revealed that foliar concentrations of sodium and chloride declined from abnormally high values (up to 1%) in May to 'normal' levels (0.02–0.1%) by August. The rate of loss was proportional to the foliar concentration of these ions. Growth of these trees, measured as bud weight, needle length, needle dry weight, needle bundles per leader, and leaf length, was suppressed on the side of trees exposed to t...


A winter cyclone that crossed the Barents Sea on 10–15 February, 2015, was studied. The wind speed was 30 m/s and wave heights reached 12 m (satellite measurements). The wind waves modeling during the cyclone was made using the SWAN model and NCEP/CFSR wind data. Wind speed values from reanalysis are validated by comparing with AMSR2 microwave radiometer wind data. The wave data from the AltiKa altimeter were used for wave model validation. In general wave heights are well modeled with the RMSE=1 m and the correlation = 0.9. The reanalysis wind speed is underestimated by 0,63 m/s on the average.


Images like other multimedia data need to be described as it is difficult to grasp their semantics from the raw data. With the emergence of standards like MPEG-7, multimedia data will be increasingly produced together with some semantic descriptors. But a description of a multimedia data is just an interpretation, a point of view on the data and different interpretations can exist for the same multimedia data. In this paper we explore the use of view techniques to define and manage different points of view on images. Views have been widely used in relational database management systems to extend modeling capabilities, and to provide logical data independence. Since our image model is defined on an object-oriented model, we will first propose a powerful object-oriented mechanism based on the distinction between class and type. The object view is used in the image view definition. The image view mechanism exploits the separation of the physical representation in an image of a real world object from the real object itself to allow different interpretations of an image region. Finally we will discuss the implementation of the image view mechanisms on the existing object models.


This paper takes it as its goal to analyze the exhaled bioaerosol particles in a well-ventilated room condition for a physical exerciser. For the given research purpose,we are trying to discuss and represent different kinds of force spent on it physical exercises,such as the drag force,the gravitational force,Brownian force,the thermophoretic force,and Saffman s lifting force,which are convenient as well as scientifically rational for us to calculate the exhaled bioaerosol particles in a well-ventilated room.The decisive factors,such as exhaled particle size,the inside-room air velocity,room air temperature, velocity gradient,and temperature gradient,which are all needed to determine so that the above-said forces can be adopted in accordance with the recent experimental data on the exhaled droplet sizes and ASHRAE handbooks.In addition,the so-called drag force, Brownian force,thermophoretic force,Saffman' s lift force,are also likely to be derived as a function of particle diameter.Thus,from our work,it can be found that the particle diameter should be made the dominant factor affecting the relative magnitude of all the other forms of force under discussion.With the increase of particle diameter,the magnitudes of other forces,such as Brownian force,drag force,thermophoretic force,and Saffman's lift force all tend to decrease.We have also found that the influence of particle diameter on the Brownian force proves to be the most significant,which is followed by the drag force,thermophoretic force,and then the impact on Saffman's lift force.The relative magnitudes of these forces can likely be normalized by the gravitational force at different particle-size levels. And,subsequently,the drag force,Brownian force,and Saffman's lift force of the so-called sub-microsome particles,are all larger than the gravitational force,also forces that shouldn t be ignored when analyzing the movement of sub-micro particles indoors.Since the thermophoretic force seems always smaller than the gravitational force in the indoor environment,it would become noticeable in the locations that were very close to heat sources,where there was a steep temperature gradient.For coarse particles (larger than 5 μm),the drag force and gravitational force would be the main factors controlling particle movements.In this circumstance,it was reasonable to overlook the other forces when keeping an acceptable accuracy.From what is said above,we can give a proper reference for the selection and sometimes simplification of simulation models for particle movements indoors.


The dominant trend in scientific computing today is the establishment of platforms that span multiple institutions to support applications at unprecedented scales. On most distributed computing platforms a requirement to achieve high performance is the careful scheduling of distributed application components onto the available resources. While scheduling has been an active area of research for many decades most of the platform models traditionally used in scheduling research, and in particular network models, break down for platforms spanning wide-area networks. In this paper we examine network modeling issues for large-scale platforms from the perspective of scheduling. The main challenge we address is the development of models that are sophisticated enough to be more realistic than those traditionally used in the field, but simple enough that they are still amenable to analysis. In particular, we discuss issues of bandwidth sharing and topology modeling. Also, while these models can be used to define and reason about realistic scheduling problems, we show that they also provide a good basis for fast simulation, which is the typical method to evaluate scheduling algorithms, as demonstrated in our implementation of the SIMGRID simulation framework.


As is well known, the absolute evaluation of the Chinese SAT test from 2022 requires adjusting the difficulty of the existing CSAT test. On the other hand, the number of examinees participating in the Chinese test of the CSAT every year is on the decline. Now, as a Chinese teacher, it is necessary to consider the alternatives in various ways as to how to overcome and cope with changes and crisis factors in the external environment for the Chinese test. In addition, in order for "evaluation," which determines teaching and learning, to meet the final goal of Chinese language education, "improving Chinese communication skills," it is necessary to closely review and review the questions on the Chinese test. This paper will focus on the following research questions to explore the tendency of the questions that measure the "communication function" of the CSAT Chinese test for 10 years from 2013 to 2022. : (1) What are the high frequency Chinese words used in the communication function question for 10 years? ; (2) What are the 'communication functions' and 'communication situations' that are mainly dealt with in the communication function questions, and what are the characteristics of these functions compared to the 'communication function items' presented in the 'Chinese Language Curriculum'? ; (3) Based on the above analysis results, what is the plan to improve the question of communication function under the absolute evaluation method?


Corporate Sustainability (CS) has been researched by many scholars in recent years. While literature on corporate sustainability covers various issues, it lacks comprehensive studies of factors and variables and the roles of ICT which influence the practice of corporate sustainability. This paper studies these factors and variables and investigates the roles of ICT on corporate sustainability in the context of some organizations within service industry in Bahrain. A qualitative field study approach is undertaken in this research where seven organizations in Bahrain are studied via interviews with ten key personnel. Content analysis is then performed to extract the factors and variables and a comprehensive model of the antecedents of corporate sustainability practice is developed. The results indicate that networking (internal and external) with a view to creating new knowledge are the significant antecedents of corporate sustainability. In terms of the roles of ICT, it is proposed that collaborative technologies, knowledge management systems, specific DSSs and internet based sustainability reporting are the appropriate ICTs to implement and manage corporate sustainability effectively. The paper also highlights the research and managerial implications of corporate sustainability model.


Formal verification of safety properties is critical in many application areas. In this paper a survey of the most common and efficient methods is given. The different methods are compared for some typical scalable examples, both modeled by transition systems and Petri nets. The methods are based on symbolic computations and logic representations of both sets and transition relations. Reachability analysis is performed not only from the initial states to any forbidden states, but also in the opposite backward direction. The reason is that a system is also safe when no initial state is backward reachable from the set of forbidden states. For safe systems the number of backward reachable states from forbidden states is often much less than the forward reachable states from the initial states. The backward strategy is shown to be very efficient and often even better than the most efficient methods that are specialized on safety analysis.


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: Graph theory has much advancement in the field of mathematical chemistry. Now a days, chemical graph theory has become very popular among researchers because of its wide applications in mathematical chemistry. The molecular topological descriptors are the numerical invariants of a molecular graph and are very useful for predicting their bioactivity. A great variety of such indices are studied and used in theoretical chemistry, pharmaceutical researchers, in drugs and in different other fields. In this article, we study the chemical graph of Bismuth-tri-iodide and compute the eccentricity based Zagreb indices for Bismuth-tri-iodide. Furthermore, we give analytically closed formulas of these indices which are helpful in studying the underlying topolo-gies.


The present work is an investigation concerning the effect of microstructure of nickel/gold metallization on the bondability of gold thermosonic wirebonding, as well as aluminum ultrasonic wirebonding on FR-4 substrate. Microstructures with different bondability were studied using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and an X-ray energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). It was found that for Au/Au thermosonic wirebonding, the thickness of the gold layer played a critical role in bondability and the thickness was further dependent on the content of phosphorous in nickel layer.


Objective:To observe the effect of Sachet -therapy in prevention of upper respiratory tract infection. Methods:A cluster sampling was conducted for quantitative investigation. Hangzhou urban infant and gaffer were randomly treated with either wearing Sachet or not wearing Sachet for 4 weeks' observation,analyzing statistically the incidence of the two groups. Results:The incidence was 14.42 % in the infant observer group and 54.98% in the contrast group with statistic significance(P0.01).The incidence was 2.98 % in the gaffer observer group and 8.97%in the contrast group with statistic significance(P0.01).Conclusion:Sachet -therapy has a role and practical significance in preventing upper respiratory tract infection and reducing the incidence rate.


In this study, an equivalent electric network utilizing a 2R-1C model as the basic unit is proposed to model the impedance of a biological tissue measured using multiple electrode configurations. The proposed model aims to capture the longitudinal and transverse tissue impedance that also factors in the tissue geometry during parameter selection. Electrical impedance measurements collected from 16 electrode configurations of a human subjects forearm were used as reference values during selection of the equivalent electric network parameters. Comparisons between simulations of the equivalent electric network and bioimpedance measurements support that the proposed network model is able to capture the tissue behaviour and impedance change of the forearm in the longitudinal direction.


Five commercial shale hydration/swelling inhibitors used in water base drilling fluids and two film forming polymers are evaluated for core hydration/swelling inhibition rate, I p, by an improved needle penetration method on a misted air drilling simulation experimental installation. It is shown that the inhibitors commonly used in water base fluids can be applied to misted air drilling only with limited success and the polymers forming film on core pore surfaces are effective borehole stabilizers for misted air drilling.


To analyze static pressure between back plate and cylinder in an A186 carding machine,a fluid model is established. The model takes into account static pressure of airflow near back plate with the numerical simulation method of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) in FLUENT software. The result of the simulation in the model shows that static pressure in this area quickly increases to its maximum then rapidly decreases to a lower fixed value from inlet to outlet along a zone between back plate and cylinder. Both rotating speeds of the cylinder and the taker-in affect static pressure from the inlet to the outlet,of which the cylinder rotating speed has more influence than that of taker-in. Numerical simulations reveal that static pressure on surface of back plate are in good agreement with the former result of experimental analysis.


Voltage Endurance (VE) test is one of the key test to evaluate High Voltage Rotating Machines (HVRM) stator winding. There are two different practices for VE test in application to the HVRM stator winding. The first practice used most for research purposes is the VE test till the failure. This practice can be used for insulation life expectancy evaluation. The second practice for VE test is so named type test to qualify particular manufacturing product. This practice is used as a part of the quality inspection program.There are several different schedules for type VE tests however there is no agreed harmonization between the different test schedules. The most widely used industrial standard for VE type test is the standards IEEE 1553 which is proposing two options for VE test: Schedule A and Schedule B. Standard consider that VE test per Schedule B is stricter then VE test per Schedule A. Standard IEEE 1553 does not provide relations between different test schedules. Also there are no relations of VE test per IEEE 1553 with other standards or VE test practices.In this article authors are discussing the potential harmonization between the different test practices and schedules for VE tests for the HVRM stator winding. Authors are proposing to test HVRM stator winding insulation at three test values, naming the test as Three Step Test (TST). TST allows to gain two important things in the same time: the direct comparison between different test schedules and parameters for insulation life expectancy.The proposed VE TST is relatively quick. TST is basing on the significant empirical data accumulated by authors. TST allows to predict the potential outcome of the type test with a high level of confidence.


This study aims to describe students' discovery abilities in the learning process and when facing problems in the material derived from algebraic functions. The research was carried out in one of the Senior high schools in Gorontalo. This research is a type of qualitative descriptive research. The subjects of this study were students of class XI who opened 318 people. The techniques used in data collection are initial tests, interviews, documentation, and observation. Data analysis techniques in this study are data reduction, data presentation and conclusions. The results showed that students' discovery abilities on the derivative material of algebraic functions varied. Some have high abilities, medium abilities, and low abilities, but in general, they are dominated by students who have moderate abilities.


Abstract: Despite the fact that West African tropical forests are the most fragmented in Africa, there has been no published research on biodiversity in these fragments. To determine how forest birds respond to five factors—patch size, patch isolation, canopy density, abundance of large trees, and proximity to forest edge—in these forests, we surveyed 60 species of forest birds on 121 transects (2.5 ha each) in 35 forest fragments in the semideciduous forest zone of Ghana. Species richness per transect increased with patch size over the entire range of patch sizes observed (3–33,000 ha). The diversity of forest birds (22 species) on a single transect in a large forest patch was similar to the cumulative diversity (25 species) on all 17 transects in 13 small patches. Twenty‐two of 60 species were area sensitive, 15 of which were never found in small patches. These results suggest that only large forests will conserve many species of West African forest birds. Nine species were edge sensitive, 7 of which were also area sensitive. However, forest structure near patch edges was not consistent with bird responses to canopy and tree density, suggesting that mechanisms other than microclimate or structural changes ( perhaps predation or nest parasitism) underlie the response of most species that are sensitive to both edge and area. Regression of critical patch size (the smallest patch size in which a species was detected) on logarithm of body mass (an index of home range size) for 22 area‐sensitive species suggests that area‐sensitive species are unlikely to occur in patches smaller than several home‐range areas. Canopy density influenced 13 species (11 positively, 2 negatively), and abundance of large trees influenced 8 species (3 positively, 5 negatively). Forest birds did not respond to isolation (distance from a patch to a large forest) for isolation distances of 1–25 km, suggesting that island biogeographic mechanisms had less influence on birds than other potential mechanisms of area sensitivity. Although small patches contributed little to the conservation of forest birds—species found in small patches were well represented in large patches—small patches are probably important for supporting generalist bird species that provide ecological services in the agricultural matrix and serving as nuclei for future ecosystem recovery.


This article examines recent developments in aviation climate policy. Among these developments are the European Union (EU) inclusion of CO2 emissions from all domestic and international flights within the EU Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS) starting in 2012 and the applicability of the ETS to non-EU airlines, and the attempt to reach agreements on aviation greenhouse gas emissions at the United Nations Climate Change Conference in Copenhagen in December 2009. Also discussed is the introduction of aviation biofuels.


We provide operational definition of symmetry of entanglement: An entangled state con-tains symmetric entanglement if its subsystems can be exchanged (swapped) by meansof local operations and classical communication. We show that in general states haveasymmetric entanglement. This allows to construct nonsymmetric measure of entangle-ment, and a parameter that reports asymmetry of entanglement contents of quantumstate. We propose asymptotic measure of asymmetry of entanglement, and show thatstates for which it is nonzero, contain necessarily bound entanglement.


The approach to the optimization problem solving of the production system modelling subject to the econology indicators is given.
The introduced approach is based on the method of the economic indicator optimization. Unlike known ones it is notable for its complex approach taking into account costs on the emission point construction, cleaning systems and land value which is contaminated as a result of the production system exploitation.


An efficient approach is proposed for the GA -based fuzzy PID control systems. By GA technique, two crossover operators are used for rule optimization and parameter optimization, respectively. Finally, an illustrative simulation indicates that the proposed controller system can be achieved the satisfactory performances by employing less rules and less parameters.


Cold-hardened plants of Dover winter barley and Fredrick and Norstar winter wheats show a decreased cold hardiness when exposed to low temperature flooding of increased severity and increased duration. In both cases, this is accompanied by increased moisture content, and there are strong correlations between cold hardiness and crown water content. Fredrick and Norstar wheat plants show enhanced survival when ice-encased after flooding, as compared to nonflooded plants, but this promotive effect is not observed in Dover barley. Eight winter wheats and one winter rye cultivar show the response, but only one of three barley cultivars tested. The promotive effect on survival in ice encasement is produced by 2 and 4 wk prior flooding, but after 6 wk the flooding effect is lost in most cultivars. It is assumed that anaerobic processes initiated during flooding have an indirect survival-positive effect during subsequent ice encasement.


Numerical computations were carried out on the DLR-F6 aircraft configuration. The aerodynamic forces were first computed using an explicit algebraic Reynolds stress (EARSM) formulation coupled with the standard k ! model, which was applied to both the DLR-F6 wing-body (WB) and wing-body-nacelle-pylon (WBNP) configurations. The drag polar was calculated for 2 [ 3 ,1.5 ]. As compared with experimental data, reasonable predictions were obtained for the pressure distributions, yet the lift coecient was somewhat over-predicted and the drag was underestimated for negative incidences. To investigate the eect of turbulence modeling, the flow around the WBNP configuration was computed for = 1 using dierent turbulence models. These include the EARSM k ! model, the Spalart-Allmaras (S-A) model, the SST model, the standard k ! model and a lowReynolds-Number (LRN) k ! model. It is shown that the models have reproduced a similar shock position on the upper wing surface, but that the S-A model returns an earlier one. In modeling flow regions with separation, various models have shown dierent behaviors. The SST model is in general more detective and responsive to flow separation in adverse pressure gradient boundary layers than other models. The LRN k ! model, by contrast, tends to reproduce suppressed separation bubbles. The other models possess performance which is intermediate between the SST model and the LRN k ! model.


Objective To study the therapeutic effect of tianluo decoction against hepatitis B virus(HBV) in vivo and vitro.Methods The inhibitive effect were observed in the duplication process of hepatitis B virus by fluorescence quantitative PCR(FQ-PCR) in vitro test and duck's hepatitis B animal model in vivo test.Results FQ-PCR in vitro test demonstrated that tianluo decoction had biological function to inhibit from duplication of hepatitis B virus,and there were significant difference in inhibit hepatitis B virus from duplicating in distilled water and tianluo decoction group(median:6.9×108/ml vs 2.6×104/ml,u=2.76,P0.01).The test in vivo showed that tianluo decoction at the dosage of 25mg·kg -1 ·d -1 and 100mg·kg -1 ·d -1 had an obvious inhibitory effect on DHBV-DNA on the fifth and tenth day during treatment and the third day after treatment(P0.05 or P0.01).One group's inhibitive rate of DHBV-DNA on the fifth and tenth day during treatment and the third day after treatment was 51.84%,55.32%,36.88%,respectively,and the other was 81.08%,87.10%,61.80% respectively.Conclusion Tianluo decoction has biologic function to inhibit from duplication of hepatitis B virus in vivo and vitro.


Modification of the surface properties of a solid by appropriate coat ings has been practised by man since prehistoric days. Introduction of new technologies like electroplating and physical vapour deposition in vacuum over the past hundred years has resulted in unprecedented growth in the in this field. During the past two decades non equilibrium plasmas have revolutionised the surface coating technologies opening up a variety of applications which are otherwise impossible. Principles and practise of some of these new coating techniques would be briefly presented in this tal k. Bangalore Plasmatek has developed a prototype coating system based on vacuum arcs and magnetron sputtering. Our experience in developing special coatings acceptable to end -users would also be discussed. Keyword: Plasma, Coatings, Brazing, Titanium, Gr aphite


This article is concerned with a physiological investigation into what happens when two people play music together in a situation that is similar to that of music therapy. Active music therapy is a process of dialogue, with both therapist and patient as part of one musical process. In evaluations of music therapy the musical process is often emphasised, although the question remains as to what effect this musical process has on the body of the patient. In this paper we take this question one step further by asking what effect the musical process has on both partners in the process of playing improvised music. Such a perspective is not trivial. We expect that the therapeutic contact influences both therapist and patient. At the end of this paper we will hypothesise about the ramifications of this idea for other clinical encounters. It is important, in explaining the benefit of music therapy to others, to know what happens when people improvise music together. Our intention is to be able to demonstrate the influence music therapy has on the physiology of the patient and the therapist. This is to accept not only the ramifications music has for mental well-being but also the physical effect that music therapy has on the patient's body. While music can be demonstrated to have a direct physical effect on the body, it is organisation, the non-material aspect, that is vital to communication both within the person and between persons (Aldridge 1996a). However, the ground from which we will argue is that music has the ability to bring about physical changes in the human body, an understanding that has been in our culture since antiquity (Aldridge 1993).


This case was developed for use in courses that focus on policy and legal issues in the preparation of school and district leaders. It employs a "real-life" current issue, freak dancing, that has created headlines across the country as school leaders attempt to confront and deal with it. In Southwestern Regional School District, some parents, teachers who were dance chaperones, and building administrators are upset by the kind of dancing they witnessed at a recent high school dance. The school principal, in an attempt to provide the proper guidance to students, banned certain kinds of dancing at school dances. In response, a student appears at a public meeting of the school board and alleges that students' right of freedom of expression have been violated. The board of education directs the superintendent of schools to investigate and return to the board with a report and recommendation.


Despite high levels of investment, expectation, and effort to push forward the adoption of Electronic Health Records (EHR) nationally, challenges for physicians in doing so and slow rates of adoption persist. However, the great promise of EHR—improved quality and cost performance of health care—depends on physician use of EHR systems. This study aims to provide findings and recommendations to inform research and policy regarding EHR adoption by physicians for use in their practices.The data source for this study is the Center for Studying Health System Change (HCS) and Community Tracking Study (CTS) Physician Survey, Round 3 (2000–2001) and Round 4 (2004–2005). The theoretical anchor is Rodgers' Diffusion of Technology Theory (Rogers, 1962, 1981). The methods employed in this study include descriptive statistics, Cronbach's Alpha, sub-scale tests, Exploratory Factor analysis, and Guttmann scaling, regression, difference-in-differences analysis, cross-sectional analyses and others statistical methods.The findings are as summarized: 1) Though small and medium/large practices increased their use of EHRs over the period, small practices increased at a lower rate, thus gap in EHR adoption rates between small and medium/large practices increased over the study period. 2) Small and medium/large practices are de-adopting EHR functionality over time, a finding not noted before. However, this de-adoption is muted by the overall net increase in adoption scores over time. 3) Characteristics associated with lower adoption include: female, non-white, in oldest groups, and small practices. Managed care as a source of revenue for physician practices was associated with increased EHR adoption.


To summarize: The detecting cuff only is used for measuring diastolic pressure, the sharp break in the size of pulsation being used as the criterion. For the measurement of systolic pressure both cuffs are needed, and the sudden onset of pulsations in the detector is used as the criterion. The detecting cuff alone, inflated to a constant pressure gives an indication of pulse pressure and heart rate.


In this article, we present the results of investigation of Smarandache Concatenate Sequence formed from the sequence of Happy Numbers and report some primes and other results found from the sequence.


The incidence of Corynebacterium diphtheriae in infected skin sores and the nasopharynx of 99 children from the Asaro Valley in the Eastern Highlands is reported. C. diphtheriae was isolated from 88% of skin sores and 26% of nasopharyngeal swabs. The most common biotype seen was C. diphtheriae var mitis. Toxigenic strains were uncommon, occurring in 5% of skin lesions and 15% of nasopharyngeal swabs. All isolates were sensitive to penicillin, erythromycin and chloramphenicol.


This paper presents a new robust model predictive control (MPC) scheme for continuous-time nonlinear systems subject to unknown but bounded disturbances and constraints on the state and input. The performance index is a function on disturbance-free state and input profiles, and the predictions are parameterized by one analytic controller with a small number of adjustable parameters. Using the methods of input-to-state stable control Lyapunov functions (ISS-CLFs), a variation of Freeman's formula is constructed, with a single tunable parameter reflecting 'decay rate' of the ISS-CLF. It is shown that the formula has the properties of ISS with respect to all admissible disturbances in an explicitly estimated region of attraction. With the results, we prove that the constrained closed-loop MPC system is ISS for all admissible disturbances. The applicability of the proposed MPC scheme is illustrated to control an open-loop unstable system.


Thermally reversible nanostructured thermosetting materials are prepared for the first time by modification of an epoxy resin with 5 wt.-% of an amphiphilic polystyrene-block-poly(ethylene oxide) block copolymer (PSEO) and 30 wt.-% of a low-molecular-weight liquid crystal, 4'-(hexyl)-4-biphenylcarbonitrile (HBC). The epoxy system modified with 5 wt.-% PSEO amphiphilic copolymer self-assembles into spherical microdomains with a size distribution between 32 and 45 nm in diameter. Under the same conditions, the modification of an epoxy system with 5 wt.-% PSEO and 30 wt.-% HBC leads to a micro-phase separated PS-rich domains embedded in a HBC phase. The morphology of this nanostructured thermosetting system consists in a higher amount of spherical microdomains of PSEO/HBC with the size distribution between 40 and 75 nm in diameter. This implies that the separation of the PS-rich phase provokes the separation of the liquid crystal and allows one to obtain a novel thermally switchable smart material.


Aim:Mitoxantrone is an antineoplastic antibiotic used in the treatment of acute leukemia, lymphoma, prostate and breast cancer. Mitoxantrone Hydrochloride Injection for tracing has a high degree of lymph node tropism by changing the dosage form, which penetrates into lymphatic capillaries through the interstitial space and enriches regional lymph nodes through the gland to stain the lymph nodes blue to achieve lymph node tracing effect. This study is aim to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Mitoxantrone Hydrochloride injection(MHI) for tracing sentinel lymph nodes in patients with early-stage breast cancer.Materials & methods: This study was a phase 3, multicenter, self-controlled, non-inferiority trial designed to assess the efficacy and safety of sentinel lymph node tracing with the investigational drug in patients with early-stage breast cancer. All subjects received MHI combined with Technetium-99m(99mTc-Sc), prior to SLNB. The sentinel node identification rate was compared between MHI and 99mTc-Sc to evaluate non-inferiority and concordance. Results: Data were collected from 381 patients in 6 centers all across China. The SLN detection rate was 96.9% (369/381) when using MHI and 97.4% (371/381) when using the standard technique(Table 1). There was no significant difference in the success rate of SLN detection between the two groups(P > 0.05). Since the lower limit of 95% confidence interval was greater than or equal to -5%, the success rate of SLN detection of MHI was non-inferior to that of 99mTc-Sc. In the combination group, 380 cases (99.5%) were successfully detected with SLN. 202 nodes (13.1%) were detected by the MHI but not by the 99mTc-Sc, and 222 nodes (14.4%) were detected by the 99mTc-Sc but not by the MHI(Table 2). All adverse events recovered within one month after intervention.Conclusion: This prospective, multicenter study has shown the Mitoxantrone Hydrochloride injection for tracing to be non-inferior to the standard technique (99mTc-Sc) for breast SLNB. The Mitoxantrone Hydrochloride injection for tracing can be used alone or combined with radioactive material.Key words:Mitoxantrone Hydrochloride injection(MHI), Tracing, Technetium-99m(99mTc-Sc), sentinel lymph node (SLN), Early-Stage Breast Cancer. Attachments:
 Table 1.SLN detection rate - comparing the Mitoxantrone Hydrochloride Injection and 99mTc-Sc for TracingSLN detection rates [n (%)]Mitoxantrone Hydrochloride Injection for TracingTotalAt least one node detectedNo nodes detected99mTc-ScPositive361 (94.8%)10 (2.6%)371 (97.4%)Negative8 (2.1%)2 (0.5%)10 (2.6%)Total369 (96.9%)12 (3.1%)381(100%)
 Table 2.Detected nodes-comparing the Mitoxantrone Hydrochloride Injection and 99mTc-Sc for TracingPer node detection rates [n (%)]Mitoxantrone Hydrochloride Injection for TracingTotalPositiveNegative99mTc-ScPositive869 (56.3%)222 (14.4%)1091 (70.7%)Negative202 (13.1%)251 (16.3%)453 (29.3%)Total1071 (69.4%)473 (30.6%)1544 (100%)
 Citation Format: Benlong Yang, Dechuang Jiao, Jiajian Chen, Chunjian Wang, Lidan Jin, Wenhe Zhao, Xueqiang Gao, Haibo Wang, Jun Li, Haidong Zhao, Di Wu, Zhiming Fan, Shujun Wang, Zhenzhen Liu, Yongsheng Wang, Jiong Wu. A phase 3, multicenter, self-controlled, non-inferiority trial comparing mitoxantrone hydrochloride injection for tracing versus technetium-99m in the detection of axillary sentinel nodes in patients with early-stage breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-01-10.


Changing health-care climates mean evaluators need to provide findings within shorter time frames, but challenges remain in the creation of rapid research designs capable of delivering quality data to inform decision-making processes. We conducted a review of articles to grapple with these challenges and explore the ways in which rapid evaluations have been used in health care. We found different labels being used to define rapid evaluations and identified a trend in the design of evaluations, where evaluators are moving away from short studies to longer evaluations with multiple feedback loops or cyclical stages. Evaluators are using strategies to speed up evaluations: conducting data collection and analysis in parallel, eliminating the use of transcripts, and utilizing larger evaluation teams to share the workload. Questions persist in relation to the suitability of rapid evaluation designs, the trustworthiness of the data, and the degree to which evaluation findings are used to make changes in practice.


– The results of modeling of the polyextracts obtaining process under electromagnetic field conditions are presented. The scheme of formation of traditional diffusion and additional hydrodynamic components from solid phase of raw materials is shown. The stages of solid phase and extactant interaction under electromagnetic field conditions are considered. The principal scheme of line of the polyextracts and their concentates production is presented.


Two approaches for the synthesis of ring-A-oxygenared diterpenes are described. Several routes from natural podocarpic acid aimed at the synthesis of coleon E afforded a wide range of potentially useful chiral derivatives, but the other scheme, which involved a cascade-rype cyclization, led to the synthesis of the O-methyl ether of (±)-margocilin (recently isolated from Azadirachta indira)


In the January 2000 issue of Medical History, Bill Bynum paid tribute to Vivian Nutton on his retirement after twenty years as co-editor of the journal. Bill then wrote that he and I intended to take Medical History "some ways at least" into the new millennium. Three years on, Bill also has decided to take his leave as editor, although he too joins our House of Lords, the Editorial Board, where his expertise will still be available to us. Bill's retirement from the editorship of the journal marks a significant transition. For twenty-three years, Bill has been-to us modernists at least-the voice of Medical History. Bill was no passive editor. He used his editorship creatively, for the benefit not just of his readers, but also of his authors. Medical History was maintained by Bill and Vivian as a broad church, where all submissions received careful consideration , and in which articles of many different styles and perspectives found a readership. Editorial involvement was, however unobtrusive, extensive. Bill's authors quickly became aware of the nurturing quality of his editorial role. Time and again, Bill's gloss on referees' reports helped to put them in perspective, and to make the business of revision practical and less painful. His own suggestions were invariably judicious and constructive. I and many others received our training in the writing of journal articles from Bill, and as historians we remain in his debt. There is no doubt that the retirement of Bill and Vivian presents us as their successors with a considerable challenge. We intend to maintain the consistent scholarly standard of the journal, as well as its catholic approach to historiography and subject matter, and its tradition of editorial supportiveness. We are fortunate in the continuing service of Caroline Tonson-Rye, our invaluable assistant editor. Without Caroline, the assumption of responsibility for the journal would have been daunting indeed. I am joined as co-editor by Harold J Cook, currently Director of the Wellcome Trust Centre for the History of Medicine at UCL, who will be known to our readers as a distinguished historian of early modern medicine, and a discerning and fairminded judge of scholarship. Together we intend to take Medical History some further distance into the new century, if only a little way into the new millennium.


For almost 20 years now, spatial data providers have been creating and publishing metadata records for their products. One intention of the metadata, which includes detailed data quality information, is to inform potential consumers about the inherent strengths and weaknesses of the product for the purpose of making informed decisions as to whether or not it is suitable for their use. However, in this research we question whether or not the quality information that is typically provided in such metadata is actually effective. This research employs qualitative research approaches to explore how users of spatial data determine the quality of a dataset. Consumer feedback emails and semi-structured interviews have been analyzed to discover the perceptions, actions and goals of individual data consumers from a range of professional backgrounds. This paper therefore makes two interrelated contributions. The first is the qualitative research strategy which is inductive, contrary to the statistical experimental designs that are traditionally used in spatial data research. The second comprises the findings to date, that are strongly affected by the context in which they have been collected, which suggest to us that determining spatial data quality metrics is not a separable goal for potential consumers. If this is found to be generally true, then the findings have potential benefits not only for consumers—but also for data providers who may be wasting valuable resources providing data quality information in ways that are of little use to their clients. * Corresponding author


This paper presents a pattern language that can be used to make a system highly scalable. This pattern language applies to software systems which need to scale. The pattern language addresses this problem by introducing patterns those touch upon introduction of parallelism to even optimization of algorithms and hardware.


We review the definition of a Calabi-Yau triangulated category and survey examples coming from the representation theory of quivers and finite-dimensional algebras. Our main motivation comes from the links between quiver representations and Fomin-Zelevinsky's cluster algebras. Mathematics Subject Classification (2000). Primary 18E30; Secondary 16D90, 18G10.


opening and closing, the apparatus (11) for a vehicle luggage compartment, comprising: an articulated arm (21), one end (21a) of the latter by a body of a vehicle (10) is freely rotatably supported, and another end (21b) of this from an opening (10a) extending a shroud to the outside and is provided with a trunk lid (12) fixedly provided; a Torsionsstabbindeglied (23), wherein one end thereof by the vehicle body (10) is freely rotatably supported, and wherein another end thereof through the articulated arm (21) is freely rotatably supported, and wherein the Torsionsstabbindeglied (23) is designed, to assist in opening the boot lid (12); a drive member (24) which is supported by the vehicle body (10) and having an output shaft (24a) which is operated to rotate; is connected to a first link (25) connected to the output shaft (24a) to rotate integrally with the output shaft (24a); and a second link (26), one end (26a) is freely rotatably supported by this through the first link (25), characterized, in that the opening and closing device (11) further comprises an adjustment member (22) which the panel is firmly attached to the articulated arm (21) within said opening (10a), and another end (26b) of the second tie member (26) by the adjusting element (22) is freely rotatably supported.


This article analyzes the sociolinguistic "addressee" for statutes, regulations, and court rulings, and argues that all law is addressed to state actors rather than the general citizenry.


We propose direct tests of very high energy first-order phase transitions, which are elusive to collider physics, deploying the gravitational waves' measurements. We show that first-order phase transitions lying in a large window of critical temperatures, which is considerably larger than the electroweak energy scale, can be tested from advanced LIGO (aLIGO) and the Einstein Telescope. This provides the possibility to probe several inflationary mechanisms ending with the inflaton in a false minimum and high-energy first order phase transitions that are due to new scalar bosons, beyond the Standard Model of particle physics. As an important example, we consider the axion monodromy inflationary scenario and analyze the potential for its experimental verification, deploying the gravitational wave interferometers.


probably been committed in the name of archaeology than on any commensurate portion of the earth's surface." A good deal of the book is devoted to instructive sections on right and wrong ways of digging, but the lesson of it all is that archaeological method consists of a set of general principles which can be made to work under varied conditions in all parts of the world. He has long argued, for example, that rigorous training in the excavation of sites in Roman Britain provides an adequate background for work in all periods and regions. He emphasizes the importance of stratigraphy, grid systems of control, neat excavation, careful planning, and meticulous recording.


Long range infrared coating is a special thermal insu-lation coating for increasing radiation intensity of insulating b arrier of furnace.Several experiments in the secondary re-covery company in He nan Oilfield Company showed that a long range infrared coating on the inner wall of steam in-jection furnace can improve thermal efficiency of furnace by a big margin,and save large amount of fuel,thus the economic benefits are remarkab le.


This conceptual paper revisits and reviews early milestone literature of influential authors, who discuss the impact of the Internet on major forces that shape a company's marketing strategy to assess whether their futurist predictions and conceptual claims turned out to be true or were later falsified by empirical research or market experience. In particular, the impact of the Internet on customers, design of products/services, pricing, marketing communications, intermediaries, publics, and social/cultural environment is explored. Throughout the paper, related under-researched and unsettled areas are discussed and future research avenues are suggested.


The function, characteristic and current status of five subsystems o f small power proton membrane fuel cell system were introduced. The difference b etween the great power and small power PEMFC and several key problems to be solv ed were analyzed. The application of small power PEMFC system in developed count ries(such as USA ,Japan and Germany)were presented.


Chromosomes in 1620 metaphases of ascitic fluid cells in 20 cases of ovariancarcinoma were analyzed.The results showed that there were marked structuralaberrations aside from significant increase in chromosomal numerical aberrations(85.2%).In the ascitic fluid cells from 12 patients,15 types of marker chromosomes were found,among which t(6;14)(q21;q24)and t(2;6)(q35;p12)were more frequently noted witha rate of 7.84% and 7.59% respectively,which was significantly higher than that of othermarker chromosomes(P<0.01).The findings suggested that,besides t(6;14)(q21;q24),t(2;6)(q35;p12)may also be a specific marker chromosome of ovarian carcinoma.


The impact of CO on the activation and reaction characteristics of Au/ZnO catalysts in methanol synthesis from a CO2/H2 mixture was studied by kinetic, near ambient pressure XPS and X-ray absorption spectroscopy at the O K-edge, together with in situ FTIR measurements. Transient measurements under up to industrial reaction conditions (50 bar, 240°C) show a pronounced transient increase of the activity for methanol formation from CO2/H2 after exposure to a CO/H2 reaction gas mixture, while the steady-state activity is similar to that observed directly after oxidative pre-treatment. For reaction in CO/H2, the much longer activation phase is accompanied by formation of CO2, due to reaction of CO with the ZnO catalyst support. This leads to O-vacancy formation on the support at an extent significantly higher than in CO2/H2. Consequences of these findings on the mechanistic understanding of methanol formation from CO2/H2 on Au/ZnO and for ZnO supported catalysts in general are discussed.


The pyrolysis experiments of isooctane were conducted in a flow tube at the temperature from 848 to 1123 K at 30 Torr and from 723 to 998 K at 760 Torr. The pyrolysis intermediates and products wer...


Focusing on five Shakespearean plays, this book offers a fresh approach to the complex choice and decisions the women characters must face. Dash scrutinizes productions over the centuries. Her exciting discoveries show the subtle ways in which the characters have been changed.


In order to better optimise the fuel energy efficiency and perform safety analyses in PWRs, the fuel power distribution has to be known as accurately as possible, ideally in each pin. However, this level of detail is lost when core calculations are performed with cross-sections homogenised over the fuel assembly. The pin power reconstruction (PPR) method can be used to get back this level of detail as accurately as possible in a small additional computing time frame compared to pin-by-pin full-core calculations. The DRAGON5 lattice code and the PARCS core code were recently interfaced. For this study, all the missing parts to be able to perform PPR were introduced in the newly developed system DRAGON5/PARCS. A major component was to set the methodology to compute the corner and assembly discontinuity factors in DRAGON5. Verification tests were performed on 12 configurations of 3x3 clusters where simulations in transport theory and in diffusion theory followed by pin-power reconstruction were compared.


Heart (qalb) has a higher function than do other sensory organs such as eyes and ears have because heart is the executing part of the soul that changes human spiritual potentiality into actuality (Ansari, 2003). Spiritual actuality of heart such as mukasyafah is possible when it has achieved cleanliness and clarity. Sufism as a spiritual path offers several steps to clean and purify heart. This study explores the spiritual path that has been experienced by a grave digger in the form of mukasyafah towards the sound of complaints and pain from a grave. The data of this essay was gained from interviews with a grave digger in Kediri, East Java. This study concludes that the spiritual path traversed by the grave digger is, among other things, the path of heart which is exercised by the subject by giving help, alleviating sufferings of others, praying for the deceased, and being gentle towards his fellow people. The path of reason is passed by the subject by doing what he obtained from his studying Islam. The path of group is done by having good relations with others. While the path of service is carried out by the subject by giving emphaty to other people who are experiencing distress, giving hands to those who ask for help and giving alms to those in need. The way of dhikr is done by always remembering Allah, realizing and believing in Allah as the provider of the provision and who regulates one's sustenance and being honest in work expecting God's blessing.


The short story entitled Mu'tamar Al-Hub by Taufiq Al-Hakim is a short story that contains the theme of love. The short story is interesting because it contains different views on the understanding of love. This study examines the psychology of the character in the short story which focuses on the characteristics of each character's love. The method used in this study is a qualitative method with the psychoanalytic theory of Erich Fromm. In this study, researchers found two divisions of the psychology of love in the short story character Mu'tamar Al-Hub. That is, found four forms of essential elements of love and five forms of objects of love. First, the researcher found the psychology of journalist characters who showed an attitude of concern, and responsibility and included in the type of erotic love. Second, the psychology of the musician character shows responsibility and the type of love in the form of motherly love. Third, the psychology of the poet's character shows the respect and love included in the category of brotherly love and erotic love. Fourth, the psychology of the female character shows that there are aspects of her knowledge and love character in the form of self-love


[Objective] To analyze the content and characteristics of trace elements among acne, alopecia areata, psoriasis, vitiligo and pityriasis simplex patients by the principal component analysis, so as to provide the material and basis for the man for trace elements diseases. [Methods] Principal components and their principal components equation were obtained, and the physicochemical meaning of principal was explained in detail. [Results] The contribution rate of the two principal components reached to 85.117%, and the two factors were determined to be the principal components as well. The principal function expression was established, and the relationship between principal components and their original variables was analyzed. [Conclusion] Children were more easily affected by trace elements for the five common skin diseases than adults.


Abstract : This report presents information on a monitor which can be used to capture and store life test data in real time. The hardware is specifically tailored to capture data without delay in real time. In addition to data acquisition, this report presents information on hardware and programs which can be used to transfer data to larger multitask computer systems where data analysis is more efficient. Because all multitask computer systems (even those as small as PCs) devote considerably amounts of time to tasks other than running the user's test program, they are not directly compatible with real-time data acquisition. Outside hardware is required to buffer real-time data and pass it to the computer system where final data reduction takes place. The interface hardware described in this report consists of two single task microprocessor systems. One system is based on the Motorola 6800 cpu with an SS50 mother board and SS30 input/output slots. The second system is a single board Motorola 6802 microprocessor. (r.h.)


421 Varroa mites. Viruses. For the past several decades, beekeepers have sought to protect their colonies from these two ubiquitous threats that often come together. Not only do varroa mites weaken individual bees by feeding on their fat bodies, they also transmit diseases such as Deformed Wing Virus (DWV). As everyone reading this column knows, unfortunately beekeepers have limited tools to combat varroa and viruses. We have a couple acids, some essential oils, IPM practices, and a couple synthetic chemical pesticides. To add insult to injury, we know that varroa is already evolving resistance to the synthetic chemicals. So, it's very exciting news that groundbreaking research was just published on a new genetic approach to combat varroa and viruses. In this month's Notes from the Lab, we highlight "Engineered symbionts activate honey bee immunity and limit pathogens," published in the journal Science and authored by Sean Leonard and colleagues at the University of Texas at Austin. Leonard is a PhD student currently working in Dr. Nancy Moran's lab. For their study, Leonard and colleagues genetically modified naturally-occurring gut bacteria in honey bees to "teach" the bee immune system to recognize and destroy viruses and the varroa mite. They did this by engineering microbes that, once accepted by the host bees, changed bee gene expression and immunity via the production of RNA interference (RNAi) molecules. What does that mean, exactly? Well, RNAi is an important component of the immune system of most animals, including bees and varroa mites. In short, the immune system detects double stranded RNA (dsRNA) molecules, which are produced by viruses (e.g., dsRNA is produced by DWV). Because the dsRNA molecules are an indicator of disease, an immune response is launched to detect and destroy the invaders. The honey bee immune system "learns" the genetic code of that dsRNA molecule and then targets all other molecules with that same genetic code for destruction. Your immune system (or a bee's immune system) can also be primed so a more effective immune response can be launched (think about those flu shots you get each fall to reduce your chances of getting sick). It had been previously shown that feeding DWVspecific dsRNA to bees prior to exposure to the virus increased lifespan and reduced virus levels in infected bees — suggesting that RNAi could be effective at "silencing" these viruses (Desai et al. 2012). However, the challenge is providing a constant source of dsRNA to honey bees that targets the full range of viruses that infect the bees. Notes


AIM: To investigate the effects of low-selenium diet on rats′myocardial lipid peroxidize and apoptosis. METHODS: The rats were divided into two groups, fed with low-selenium diet and sufficient selenium diet for 12 weeks. Then, the levels of blood selenium, glutathione peroxidase (GPX),malondialdehyde (MDA) in myocardium in both groups were measured, and the two groups of rats' myocardial ultrastructure and apoptosis were observed respectively. RESULTS: The levels of blood selenium, GPX in rats fed with low-selenium diet in much lower than those in sufficient selenium diet, the level MDA in myocardium was significantly higher in low-selenium diet group, and the myocardial ultrastructure were changed markedly in rats fed with low-selenium diet, and the rate of myocardial apoptosis was much higher in that group as well. CONCLUSION: Low activity of GPX resulted from lacking of selenium and the secondary damage caused by lipid peroxidize may associate with the development of mitochondria damage and apoptosis in cardiac myocytes.


ly, a right of absolute equality in voting. At best, there could be only a rough approximation. And there is obviously considerable latitude for the bodies vested with those powers to exercise their judgment concerning how best to attain this, in full consistency with the Constitution. The right here is not absolute. And the cure sought may be worse than the disease." 328 U.S. at


We observed the emergence of a novel population of γδ T cells expressing NK1.1 Ag in the peritoneal cavity of mice infected with Salmonella choleraesuis. The NK1.1+γδ T cells accounted for approximately 20% of all γδ T cells emerging in the peritoneal cavity of C57BL/6 mice and expressed preferentially rearranged Vγ4-Jγ1 and Vδ6.3-Dδ1-Dδ2-Jδ1 genes with N diversity. The γδ T cells proliferated vigorously in response to PHA-treated spleen cells and produced IFN-γ in the culture supernatant. However, spleen cells from Aβb-deficient mice were unable to stimulate the γδ T cells. Furthermore, the NK1.1+γδ T cells were stimulated not only by Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells expressing wild-type IAb but also by those expressing IAb/Eα52-68 or IAb/pigeon cytochrome c-derived analogue peptide complex. These proliferation activities were inhibited by mAb specific for IAb chain. Consistent with these findings, the emergence of NK1.1+γδ T cells was reduced in the peritoneal cavity of Aβb-deficient mice after Salmonella infection, whereas NK1.1+γδ T cells were rather abundant in the peritoneal cavity of Salmonella-infected β2m-deficient mice. Moreover, the NK1.1+γδ T cells were easily identified in the thymus of β2m-deficient but not Aβb-deficient mice. Our results indicated that MHC class II expression is essential for development and activation of NK1.1+γδ T cells in the thymus and the periphery.


Abstract   The gastrointestinal tract (GI tract) is the tract of the digestive system that contains all the major organs of the digestive system. Disorder in any part of the GI tract results in various disease forms such as malignancies. The occurrence of GI cancer is very high in developed countries including Europe. A wide variety of natural products containing anticancer properties showed significant effects. Ginger, the rhizome of Zingiber officinale, is among one of the natural herbal remedies widely used for its spice and medicinal properties. It is fair sources of vitamins like, β-carotene, vitamin C and minerals. Recently ginger has shown significant attention in clinical studies due to its anti-cancer effects that possesses promising potential for inhibiting the proliferation of multiple cancer cells. The aim of this review is to provide a summarized report of clinical trials on ginger constituents and its effects on gastrointestinal malignancies. A systematic search was conducted by two independent authors on the databases of Scopus, Clinical Trials, PubMed and Science with the search term of the key words. This review article supported that ginger is an important plant with several constituents and gastrointestinal medicinal effects. Ginger constituents suppress the growth and induce apoptosis of variety of cancer types including colon, gastric, pancreatic and other GI cancers. It is mainly the 6-gingerol and 6-shogaol, of the major compounds in ginger rhizomes, among hundreds of molecules. It is reported that antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of ginger support its preventive role against the gastrointestinal malignancies. Key messages • This review article provided evidences supporting the effects of ginger on gastrointestinal malignancies and demonstrates the importance of future studies. • Therefore, more extensive and well-controlled clinical trial studies of ginger are required to demonstrate its effect on gastrointestinal malignancies.


This paper explores whether agenda setting theory is a fruitful approach to understand online news communication. To answer this question, the distinction between vertical and horizontal media is used and applied to online communication in order to establish their role in news circulation. Vertical media are defined as news media targeting the whole population, while horizontal media are those that enable horizontal flow of communication among different subjects, including citizens. The role these two types of media play in setting issue and attribute agenda is discussed. Additionally, their interconnection is considered in the context of constructing media agenda. Despite the fact that online communication flow is complex and goes in different directions, this paper marks horizontal media as a significant force in making community issue agenda and in interpreting attribute agenda set by vertical media. At the same time, vertical online news media are speculated to be still the major factor when it comes to public issue agenda, the agenda that is specific medium of connection for one society. This paper is trying to provide theoretical framework for thinking about agenda setting and to stimulate further empirical research that will shed additional light on the process.


Traditional Reliability-based design optimization (RBDO) requires a double loop iteration process. The inner optimization loop is to find the reliability and the outer is the regular optimization loop to optimize the RBDO problem with reliability objectives or constraints. It is known that the computation can be prohibitive when the associated function evaluation is expensive. It makes even worse when a large number of reliability constraints are present. As a result, many approximate RBDO methods, which convert the double loop to a single loop, have been developed. In this research, an engineering problem with a large number of constraints (144) is designed to test the RBDO methods, including single and double loop methods. In addition its constraint size, this problem possesses many local minimums. Some original authors of the RBDO methods are also asked to solve the same problem. The results and the efficiencies for different methods are published and discussed.


Design washing tower,100 tons of annual production capacity to meet the needs of CF4.Aim is to remove the mixture of acidic impurities.Practical operation shows that spray washing tower to meet the needs of CF4 production,to ensure that product acidity.


ABSTRACT Extraction behavior of Pd(II) and Re(VII) from HNO3 aqueous solutions (0.1–5.0 M, M = mol∙dm−3) to CH2Cl2 containing N-cycrohexyl-2-pyrrolidone (NCP, 0.1–2.0 M) as an extractant has been examined. As a result, it was found that distribution ratios (D) of Pd(II) and Re(VII) under [HNO3] = 3.0 M increase with increasing [NCP] from 0.1 to 2.0 M and that plots of log D vs. log[NCP] show linear relationships with slopes of approximately 2. It was also found that the D values for Pd(II) increase with increasing [HNO3] up to 3.0 M and decrease in the higher [HNO3] region (<5.0 M) and those of Re(VII) increase with an increase in [HNO3] up to 1.0 M and decrease with a further increase in [HNO3] (<5 M). From these results, it was suggested that the extraction reactions of Pd(II) and Re(VII) take place with two NCP molecules and compete with the extraction of HNO3. Moreover, it was clarified that IR spectra (1550–1700 cm−1) of CH2Cl2 solutions containing extracted Pd(II) and Re(VII) species are consistent with that of trans-Pd(NO3)2(NCP)2 and similar to that of HReO4(NCP)2, respectively. From these results, it is proposed that Pd(II) and Re(VII) species in HNO3 aqueous solutions are extracted to CH2Cl2 phase containing NCP as Pd(NO3)2(NCP)2 and HReO4(NCP)2.


The physical properties of polymer fibers are directly related to the development of orientation in the draw zone under extensional conditions. Although the final properties and microstructure of fibers can be evaluated after processing is completed, it is desirable to understand the development of orientation during drawing independently from the effects superimposed by subsequent unit operations. In situ x‐ray scattering measurements of the extrudate in the draw zone provide an ideal means of accomplishing this goal. Depending on the polymeric system to be studied, rotating anode or synchrotron‐based x‐ray sources may be required, making portability of the fiber drawing device highly desirable. This paper describes an easily transportable in situ x‐ray filament drawing device, and discusses typical data obtained using the device to produce filaments from a liquid crystalline nematic solution of poly(cis‐benzoxazole) in polyphosphoric acid.


WBT services in win2000 have a lot strong points.This paper focuses on the methods of realizing win2000 terminal in win95 without hard disk.With its help,software based on win2000 can be used in lower grade computers at little expense.It's proved to be effective and suitable for various teaching and training jobs.


The mobile device may wish to connect a printer, projector, or wirelessly proximate peripheral devices, such as other devices. Mobile device, proximity, type or based on a number of factors, including the structure, can be selected from the peripheral device in close proximity. Proximity, the intensity of the received signal may be determined based on the access point profile or other techniques. Some are not in close proximity to the device, an indoor location of the mobile device may be desired based on several criteria, including compatibility of the mobile device 7. .FIELD 1


This chapter has six sections: 1. General and Prose; 2. The Novel; 3.Poetry; 4. Periodicals and Publishing History; 5. Drama; 6. Miscellaneous and Cross-Genre. Section 1 is by Kristen Pond with the assistance of Elizabeth Parker; section 2 is by Lois Burke with the assistance of Ana Alicia Garza, who writes on Dickens; section 3 is by Ana Alicia Garza; section 4 is by Helen Williams; section 5 is by Caroline Radcliffe; section 6 is by William Baker. In a departure from previous years, and in order to avoid confusion as to who has contributed what to this chapter, section 6 contains material on George Borrow, Thomas and Jane Welsh Carlyle, and Richard Jefferies previously found in the General and Prose section, and on Wilkie Collins, George Eliot, George Henry Lewes, Elizabeth Gaskell, George Gissing, Meredith, Thackeray, Anthony Trollope, and Walter Pater previously found in other sections. Also included in section 6 are miscellaneous and cross-genre items and additional items that arrived too late to be included elsewhere in this chapter. Thanks for assistance with this chapter must go to Dominic Edwards, Nancy S. Weyant, the bibliographer of Mrs Gaskell, and Patrick Scott.


Vertebrate lectin purified from loach egg was tested for induction of tumor lysis mediated by macrophages. Loach egg lectin lysed tumor cells but not normal spleen cells in cooperation with BCG‐ or glucan (TAK)‐elicited peritoneal macrophages of mice. Corynebacterium parvum‐, OK432‐, glycogen‐, lipopolysaccharide‐elicited or resident macrophages were not effective. Neither loach egg lectin nor BCG nor glucan macrophages alone had a cytolytic action on tumor cells. Thus, the vertebrate lectin from loach egg is a mediator in macrophage‐mediated tumor lysis, inducing binding of macrophages to target cells. This lectin‐dependent macrophage‐mediated cytolysis (LDMC) was inhibited by galactose, N‐acetylgalactosamine, fucose, or rhamnose. These results suggest that tumor cells can be recognized via glycoconjugates on cell membrane in addition to tumor‐associated antigen and that some animal lectins participate in macrophage‐mediated tumor lysis.


The development of low cost and high performance cathode for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) remains a grand challenge for transportation applications of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). Fe and Co-based platinum group metal (PGM)-free catalysts have been previously studied, however facing poor long-term durability and may potentially accelerate membrane degradation caused by oxygen radicals1. To overcome the above weakness, Li et al.2 has developed Mn based PGM-free catalyst which can mitigate membrane degradation, meanwhile showing a competitive catalyst activity compared to Fe based catalyst. The activity of the Mn-N-C catalysts measured using rotating disk electrodes (RDEs) in acidic electrolytes approaches state-of-the-art Fe-N-C catalysts3. More importantly, the Mn-N-C catalysts have demonstrated enhanced stability using potential cycling (0.6-1.0 V) in O2-saturated acidic electrolytes. In addition to the Mn-based PGM-free catalyst development, the electrode design is also critical for the MEA performance. The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) may occur at different interface in the catalyst layers for PGM and PGM-free catalysts. For PGM catalysts, the ORR takes place on the Pt/ionomer interface, while Pt is on the surface of the catalyst support. However, since the Mn active sites are embedded inside the metal organic framework (MOF), it is more difficult to establish the catalyst/ionomer interface PGM-free catalyst. Hereby, the ionomer with lower equivalent weight (EW=830) has been proposed to replace the conventional Nafion ionomer (EW=1100). The shorter chain of the low EW ionomer can penetrate into the micro-pores in the catalyst layer easier, which may promote their interaction with the catalyst active sites. In addition to the low EW ionomer, the ionomer to carbon (I/C) ratio also has a great impact on the proton, gas and water transports that can further affect the MEA performance. The particle size of the catalyst also affects the MEA performance. In the RDE studies, the Mn catalyst with a smaller average particle size (50 nm) shows a better ORR activity than the one with a larger average particle size (80nm). However, in the MEA studies, catalysts with larger average particle size seems to demonstrate better performance, likely due to optimal pore structures of electrodes. This work will provide a systematical understanding and guidance of the MEA design not only for Mn-based catalyst but also for other PGM-free catalysts. Acknowledgement: The project is financially supported by the Department of Energy's Fuel Cell Technology Office under the Grant DE-EE0008075. Reference: Wang, X. X., Prabhakaran, V., He, Y., Shao, Y., Wu, G., Adv. Mater. 2019, 1805126. Li, J.; Chen, M.; Cullen, D. A.; Hwang, S.; Wang, M.; Li, B.; Liu, K.; Karakalos, S.; Lucero, M.; Zhang, H.; Lei, C.; Xu, H.; Sterbinsky, G. E.; Feng, Z.; Su, D.; More, K. L.; Wang, G.; Wang, Z.; Wu, G., Nature Catalysis 2018, 1 (12), 935-945. Wu, G.; More, K. L.; Johnston, C. M.; Zelenay, P., Science 2011, 332 (6028), 443-447.


Abstract In Japan, a large amount of urea has been used as nitrogen fertilizer for tobacco. Generally, urea contains some biuret, and the toxicity of biuret to the growth of tobacco plant is observed when urea containing excess biuret is supplied. The influence of biuret on tobacco plant was reported in detail by the authors1,2)


The four subspecies of the Pacific species Emballonura semicaudata are considered. Their taxonomic history, distribution, and characters are discussed. On the basis of size and morphology of skull, they form a linear series, semicaudata-palauensis-rotensis-sulcata .


We propose a general method to realize an arbitrary Weyl group of Kac-Moody type as a group of birational canonical transformations, by means of a nilpotent Poisson algebra. We also give a Lie theoretic interpretation of this realization in terms of Kac-Moody Lie algebras and Kac-Moody groups.


Two field experiments were carried out in clay soil at the experimental farm of Gemmeiza Agriculture Research Station (Middle Delta, Egypt). during the two successive winter seasons of March 2007 and March 2008, to investigate the possibility of spraying compost extract and humic substances as foliar appliocation for maximizing the soil compost addition. For that purpose, kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris, L.) was planted in two successive seasons. The compost was added to all treatments except the control (100% mineral nitrogen fertilizer). Both compost extract and humic substances were added each alone twice or alternatively. The results clearly showed a positive effect of compost extract and humic substances on all plant growth parameters. The superior treatment was when compost extract was sprayed alternatively with humic in present of 75% of mineral nitrogen fertilizer with 10 Ton/fed of compost as soil addition, the following treatment was spraying of compost extract alone with 75% of mineral nitrogen fertilizer plus (10 Ton/fed) of compost addition. Generally, results pointed that usage of compost extract and humic as foliar application maximized the utilization of soil compost addition.


This collection of traditional and modern patterns ranging from evening knits to practical day wear includes instructions on spinning and dyeing the appropriate yarns. The book contains spinning charts for accurate spinning, and the yarns used are wool, silk, cotton and luxury fibres. In each case, an alternative commercial yarn is also recommended. Nina Shuttlewood runs a spinning studio in Essex and is the author of "Designer Knitting from Handspun Yarns".