This study examined the impact of a brief seminar series on positive parenting (Selected Triple P) on behavioural and emotional problems in pre‐adolescent children and on inter‐parental conflict, parenting style, relationship quality, parental adjustment and parental confidence. Two hundred and forty‐four parents with children aged four to seven years were assigned to one of three conditions: (a) partial exposure condition involving attendance at a single introductory seminar; (b) full exposure (attendance at all three seminars); or (c) a waitlist control group. Analyses were completed for the 109 participants for whom full data were obtained. There was a significant reduction in parental reports of problem child behaviour and dysfunctional parenting styles with the introductory seminar alone. However, exposure to all three seminars was associated with significant improvements in all dysfunctional parenting styles and in the level of inter‐parental conflict. There were no significant differences between conditions at post‐intervention on parental reports of depression, anxiety, stress, relationship quality or parental confidence. This study provides preliminary support for the efficacy of a brief universal parenting intervention in improving child behaviour and parenting variables associated with the development and maintenance of child conduct problems. The findings also offer preliminary support for the notion that positive outcomes for both parents and children can be achieved through the delivery of brief preventive parenting interventions that require minimal time commitments from parents.


The conversion of rental housing to condominiums has become a significant feature of the housing markets in major Dutch cities. The large number of conversions is in part a reaction to housing market regulations, by which specific categories of households are de facto excluded from the rental market. The conversion of the rental units and their subsequent sale to owner-occupiers diminished the availability of rental housing, which aroused the concern of housing authorities. Their evaluation of the conversion activity had direct implications for policy, but so far the enacted controls on conversion to condominiums have been ineffective, and occupancy regulations have been nullified by the courts. After discussing the origin of condominiums in the Netherlands, we sketch the context of the current housing policies. This precedes a description of the conversion activity in the cities of Amsterdam and Rotterdam and of the futile attempts at regulation. We conclude with an evaluation of the conversion phenomenon.


The National Marine Fisheries Service's Alaska Fisheries Science Center uses the NOAA Technical Memorandum series to issue informal scientific and technical publications when complete formal review and editorial processing are not appropriate or feasible. Documents within this series reflect sound professional work and may be referenced in the formal scientific and technical literature. Use of lower minimum size limits to reduce discards in the Bristol Bay red king crab (Paralithodes camtschaticus) fishery. U.S. This document is being made available in .PDF format for the convenience of users; however, the accuracy and correctness of the document can only be certified as was presented in the original hard copy format.


The aim of this study was to investigate the antiproliferative and protective effects of the brown seaweeds, Turbinaria ornata and Padina pavonia, against azoxymethane (AOM)‐induced colon carcinogenesis in mice. Both algal extracts showed anti‐proliferative effects on the human carcinoma cell line HCT‐116 in vitro, with T. ornata demonstrating a more potent effect. Male albino Swiss mice received intraperitoneal injections of AOM (10 mg/kg) once a week for two consecutive weeks and 100 mg/kg of either T. ornata or P. pavonia extracts. AOM‐induced mice exhibited alterations in the histological structure of the colon, elevated lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide, declined glutathione content and reduced activity of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase. In addition, AOM induced downregulation of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and p53 mRNA expression, with concomitant upregulation of nuclear factor‐kappa B (NF‐κB) in colon tissue. Administration of either algal extract markedly alleviated the recorded alterations. In conclusion, the current study suggests that T. ornata and P. pavonia, through their antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory effects, are able to attenuate colon inflammation by downregulating NF‐κB expression. Furthermore, the protective effects of both algae against AOM‐initiated carcinogenesis were attributed, at least in part, to their ability to upregulate colonic PPARγ and p53 expression. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


[Objective]To identify the occupational hazardous factors and degrees in the automotive engine testing and explore the control techniques and protection measures by analyzing the occupational hazards in the automotive engine testing in the automobile enterprise. [Methods] The methodology specified in the Criteria of Occupational Hazard Evaluation in Construction Projects was adopted to identify, analyze and evaluate the occupational hazardous factors in the automotive engine testing in a northern automobile company. [Results] Noise and CO were the major occupational hazardous factors in the automotive engine testing; the noise was 842 dB (A) in the engine trail run post and 91.4~101.4 dB (A) in other posts, which all exceeded the standard; the CO concentration in the air of accident patrol post after the reform was 140 mg/kg, which still exceeded the standard. [Conclusion] Project control at the source of the occupational hazardous factors is the most effective measure to reduce the occupational hazard, which also manifests the principles for the occupational protection: elimination, reduction, segregation, warning and individual protection


As the preceding chapters show, Münsterberg was incredibly prescient in his view of what psychology could offer the law. Nonetheless, he neglected to include a number of topics that are currently of great concern to forensic psychologists, the criminal justice system, and policymakers. For example, at the time Münsterberg wrote On the Witness Stand, clinical psychology did not exist as a fully formed field; such matters were left largely to medical practitioners. This chapter summarizes what Münsterberg got right and what he missed, and it attempts to foretell where the field of psychology and law is heading by discussing what we are missing now.


Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) techniques provide a means of obtaining reflectivity images of a scene to be investigated. The value of a pixel corresponding to a target is a weighted average of the target reflectivity over the aspect angles considered. The weights are determined by the windowing function used in the imaging algorithm and are chosen depending on the actual purpose of the imaging system. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the pixel corresponding to the target is influenced by the antenna pattern and the window. The paper presents a way to determine the SNR maximizing antenna pattern for given weights and quantifies the benefit of matching the antenna pattern to the window.


As part of Project Airstream (sponsored by the USDOE), tritium gas and tritiated water vapor are sampled in the stratosphere. Airstream data show that three perturbations of the stratospheric tritiated water burden have occurred since 1980. An atmospheric nuclear detonation in 1980 injected about 2.1 MCi. The massive eruptions of the Mexican volcano El Chichon appeared to double the removal rate in 1982. An unusually large winter– time exchange with the upper stratosphere occurred between 1982 and 1983.


What can the Naturalistic Decision Making (NDM) perspective tell us about training people to make better decisions? The NDM framework offers four guidelines for training. (i) Build expertise, rather than teaching generic analytical strategies; (ii) Support, rather than replace, the strategies people use; (iii) Make the decision requirements specific to the task context; (iv) Model the cognitive processes of subject-matter experts. Training can be implemented using better scenarios and through cognitive modeling. A recent project is described, in which decision-centered training was used at the National Emergency Training Center to revise a set of course materials. The revisions emphasized opportunities to improve situation awareness skills through better specification of critical cues and patterns, and recommendations about using the debriefs following exercises to probe for cognitive processes underlying judgments and decisions.


In this study, the influence of the key geometry parameter on the ejector performance in the solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) system is discussed by changing the diameter of the mixing chamber. The simulations gained by Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) show that the connection between the diameter ratio and the ejector performance like entrainment ratio and the steam to carbon ratio (STCR) appears an inverted U-shaped line graph and can be divided into three areas. Too small or large the diameter ratio can make the ejector lose entrainment capability. The diameter ratio also has an important influence on the ejector operating mode. Two factors, which are the pressure rise in the mixing chamber and the larger space for entraining the secondary flow as the increase of the diameter ratio, affect strongly the ejector performance and operational mode.


Buried metal pipe around a seismic station makes a great inconvenience to the observation of apparent resistance and causes the big fluctuation and irregular changes to the observing data.All inconvenience factors make the apparent resistance observation data useless.The station has to be moved to a new place.To solve this problem,some theoretical computation is made.The interference can be reduced by changing overall arrangement of the metal pipes.This method had been applied in Hongge Seismic Station for six months.Through some incidents and on-spot experiment,we had made an obvious achievement.The observation condition has been restored to the previous level before the pipe was installed.This method is economical and easy to carry out and greatly improves the station's adaptation in a complicated environment.However,there are still some theoretic problems to solve.


The study investigates the influence of the three atmospheric aerosols viz dust particles (DST), ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3), and sulphate (SO4) on the radio ducting anomalous propagation over thirteen selected locations and their respective regions in Nigeria. Radio duct was computed from temperature, relative humidity, and pressure datasets obtained from the ERA5 database of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). Also, dust, ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3), and sulphate (SO4) aerosol emissions were obtained from the Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 8.5 scenario database of the Integrated Assessment and Climate Modelling community. The data covered a period of seven years (2010 – 2016) across sixteen locations in Nigeria. The seasonal analysis of the ducting frequency of occurrence and that of mass concentration of the aerosols were performed. Beta weight analysis was carried out between atmospheric duct and aerosols. Analyses showed that ducting occurrences were relatively higher when the concentration of dust and SO4 aerosols were very low. Whereas there was no or low occurrence of ducting in the months with a high concentration of dust, SO4, and NH4NO3 aerosols across studied locations. It can be concluded based on correlation analysis that aerosols have a greater influence on the atmospheric duct in the Coastal regions, followed by the Sahel region and then the Savannah region.


Abstract The HLA polymorphism is a useful way to investigate the relatedness between human ethnic groups. This work aimed to study the relatedness of Omanis with other modern ethnic groups using the HLA class I system polymorphism. The study enrolled 259 healthy and unrelated individuals who were randomly selected from the Omani population. Genotyping of HLA-A and -B loci was carried out by the molecular approach for all subjects. The HLA A and B allele frequencies were estimated by the maximum-likelihood rule. The interethnic analysis was performed using genetic distances measurements, Neighbour-Joining dendrograms and extended haplotypes analysis. The HLA allele analysis showed the presence of 16 variants at the A locus and 27 variants at the B locus. Statistically, the most frequent alleles were: HLA-A*02 (19.9%) and -B*35 (15.3%); and the most frequent HLAA_ B haplotype was: A*02_B*51 (5.6%). When compared to others ethnic groups, the Omanis showed a genetic relatedness to the Mediterranean and West-Asian peoples. The relatedness between Omani, Mediterranean and West-Asian population might be explained by several historic and socio-geographic factors if we flashback on the long history of the Omani population.


This paper examines the relationship between the pin assignment for circuit cards and the routability of the multilayer printed wiring backplane on which the cards are mounted. It is shown that the pin assignment should meet three objectives in order to facilitate backplane routing. Heuristic strategies for determining a pin assignment to attain these objectives are given. These strategies have been implemented in a program which was used in two separate experiments involving two different backplane configurations. In both cases, the use of the pin assignments obtained with the program led to major improvements in backplane routability.
 In one of the experiments, as a worst-case study, the most difficult circuit card was selected for a new card layout. The new layout was obtained without much difficulty; thus the pin assignment given the selected card by the program was realized. This result demonstrates that it is not as formidable a task as is sometimes believed to implement a pin assignment for circuit cards obtained by backplane considerations.


Preface Acknowledgments Chapter 1: More Questions than Answers Moche Visual Culture Subjects, Themes, and Narratives Iconography, Archaeology, and Identity Presentation Theme Wrinkle Face and Iguana Ritual Runners Ceremonial Badminton Coca-Taking Ceremony Prisoners and Portrait-Head Vessels Copulation with Wrinkle Face Summary Context and Methodology A Dualist System A Tripartite Organization? Chapter 2: Eros Previous Contributions Rafael Larco Hoyle Anne Marie Hocquenghem Susan Bergh Diachronic versus Synchrony Sodomy Ritual Paraphernalia Presence of Children in Scenes of Sodomy Sodomy and Individual with Fangs Masturbation Fellatio Sexual Depictions on Libation Vases Skeletal Beings and Erections Anthropomorphic Genitals Women and Blood Inverted Fertilities Vaginal Copulation Copulation between Animals Copulation between Animals and Women Copulation between Wrinkle Face and Women Eventual Sacrificial Victims Sacrificial Victims and Vaginal Copulation Summary Chapter 3: Eros and Thanatos Chapter 4: Thanatos Organization of the Narrative The Awakening The Exit The Reinstatement Sacrifice and Capture Strombus Seashells Archaeological Evidence of an Afterworld Summary Chapter 5: Dualities, Liminalities, and Rulership Dualities Sipan Huacas de Moche Site and El Brujo Complex Iconography Asymmetry and Duality Liminalities On the Structure of Moche Rulership Notes Bibliography Index


Five triterpenoids, epifriedelanol (1), friedelin (2), lupeol (3), -sitosterol (4), daucosterol (5), and one phenyl propanoids ester, trans-docosanoyl ferulate (6) were isolated from the whole parts of Portulaca oleracea. They were determined using a combination of spectroscopic analyses (, -NMR, and MS data) and evaluated for their cyclooxygenase inhibitory activity. Compound 6 exhibited inhibitory effect with values of and 1.6 mM on COX-1 and COX-2 activities, respectively.


The creation of a 3D animated human model (avatar) to be used in electromagnetic (EM) simulation software is described for low outage body area network application such as healthcare. Scanned surface data of a human model is combined with movement data from a Motion Capture system to simulate an on-body channel between two dual band metallic button antennas (DBMBAs) mounted on the wrist and chest and the wrist and hip during walking. An investigation of how different factors such as human geometry parameters, arm swing and wrist twisting can affect the body-centric channel during walking action is presented together with the relative significance of each of these factors on predicting body-centric channel gain.


In this paper, we utilize high-fidelity electromagnetic-simulated RCS responses in a cognitive radar (CRr) platform performing target recognition. Previous works used arbitrarily generated target responses consisting of a few frequency resonances which are distinct across different targets. However, realistic target responses contain rich frequency components characterized by physical scattering centers of the target. It is therefore imperative to build on prior works by considering practical target responses. We utilize an improved waveform design technique known as probability-weighted energy (PWE) over classical spectral variance methods such as probability-weighted spectral variance (PWSV). Our results showed an improvement in classification performance of SNR and mutual information (MI)-based waveforms used in conjunction with PWE and PWSV update methods over receiver-adaptive wideband pulsed waveform using a CRr platform. In this work, we also consider a more complex case where the target's azimuth angle has some deviation such that the response from that target is not deterministic but rather from an ensemble of different responses as dictated by aspect angle uncertainty.


The Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act authorizes the creation of Fishing Community (FC) and Regional Fishery Association (RFA) entities in Limited Access Privilege Programs (LAPPs). These entities represent one way to anchor limited access privileges in place-based and interest-based communities to help maintain their long-term access to federal fisheries. Responding to requests for guidance from Regional Fishery Management Councils (Councils) and industry stakeholders, this document was prepared to clarify the purpose and requirements for the creation of these entities, providing perspective on: (1) considerations for developing required eligibility criteria; (2) an approach to defining the requirements for a given community sustainability plan; and (3) a process and general timeline for creating FC and RFA entities within a new or existing fishery or ecosystem management plan; This document compiles information from a range of existing programs. Although not all of these examples are from LAPPs, they provide a useful starting point to consider how FC and RFA entities could be designed and implemented, and they highlight the extensive experience of the Councils in developing similar management systems. This document is not prescriptive, nor is it a step-by-step manual for creating these entities. Instead, it lays out a general framework for developing FC and RFA entities and discusses ways to work toward the requirements outlined in the statute in a way that is understandable. In doing so, this document aims to increase the accessibility of these entities, making it easier for NMFS (for Atlantic Highly Migratory Species), Councils and stakeholders alike to assess their appropriateness during the design and development of new LAPPs and revisions of existing LAPPs.


The development and use of electron beam sterilization at Ethicon, Inc., Somerville, N. J., are described. A microwave linear accelerator is used. The advantages of this machine over a gamma source or an x-ray device are pointed out. Substituting radiation for heat results in a stronger product, a better package, simpler manufacture, and continuous processing. These advantages help pay for the greater expense involved. The facility, machine, process, package design, cost, and safety are discussed. (T.R.H.)


Integrated Energy Systems (Integrated Energy System, IES) to pluripotent and complementary energy ladder as the core, will greatly improve the system's energy efficiency, to achieve a variety of complementary energy flow optimization. By establishing a cold-heat-electricity integrated energy system, taking the lowest total operating cost of the system as the objective function, considering the equipment model constraints and power balance constraints, the day-to-day load simulation is used to optimize the economic operation of the integrated energy system; at the same time, the system operates in winter and summer. The operating conditions vary greatly, and the quarterly adjustment operation mode is adopted, and the branch and bound (BaB) algorithm is used to solve the optimization model. The simulation results show that the energy supply of the system is balanced, the "source-charge-storage" complementarity is strong, the system operates flexibly, cost-effectively, and at the same time, the system emits less polluting gas, which is beneficial to environmental protection.


A quick search of The Journal of School Nursing website listed 96 manuscripts addressing student bullying and not 1 manuscript addressed school nurse bullying. The manuscripts illuminate factors associated with bullying, such as special education placement and sexual identify differences. The manuscripts also report the outcomes of bullying such as depression, anxiety, poor academic performance, and absenteeism. The violence reduction researchers also recommended a role for school nurses to prevent bullying and to ameliorate the consequences of bullying. Bullying in schools is characterized by the National Association of School Nurses (NASN) position statement as intentional aggression or attack for the purpose of causing harm that is physical, verbal, or emotional (https://www.nasn.org/PolicyAdvocacy/PositionPapersandReports/NASNPositionStatementsFullView/tabid/462/smid/824/ArticleID/638/Default.aspx). Bullying is associated with an imbalance of power between the perpetrator and the victim. Bullying is repeated over time (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2009, 2011). Bullying at the NASN site refers to bullying among students, not school nurses. A Nursing Outlook publication calls our attention to the prevalence and related issues to hospital-based nurse bullying. Costs to the … Language: en


The Tawangshan gold deposit is located in the southwest of the Gezhen ductile shear zone in southwestern Hainan Island. Major, trace and rare earth element characteristics of the least altered granites and altered granite ores, as well as the oxygen and hydrogen isotopic features of the quartz, the sulfur and lead isotopic features of the pyrites, galena from this deposit were systematically studied. The altered granite ores content of Fe 2 O 3 /(Fe 2 O 3 +FeO) ranges from 0.409 to 0.410, showing strong magma reducibility. REE characteristics of the granite ores are similar to those of the least altered granites, indicating a close relationship between the mineralization and granite. Hydrogen and oxygen analysis results show that the content of 18OSMOW ranges from 7.7‰ to 16.3‰, δ 18 O H2O ranges from 1.0‰ to 6.8‰, suggesting that the ore-forming fluid was the dual nature of the metamorphic and magmatic hydrothermal. The compositions of sulfur isotope and lead isotope imply that the metallogenic materials of the deposit derived from the deep magma mixing with the shell source material contamination. Ore deposit geological features reflect the obvious characteristics of magmatic hydrothermal and porphyritic granite is mineralized rocks, implying the deposit was formed in the post-collisional extensional tectonic setting.


The multiplex polymerase chain reaction was performed using template containing DNA from Banana Streak Virus (BSV) infected plants and c-DNA synthesized for Cucumber Mosaic Virus (CMV) RNA. Each of the primer pairs specific for the target viruses were used for PCR amplifications. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction was performed at different gradient annealing temperatures and periods, with a temperature ranging from 50.6 o C – 55.8 o C to find out the common annealing temperature that support the amplification of virus specific products of BSV and CMV. High intensity of amplification of the virus specific products of 730 bp and 488 bp corresponding to BSV and CMV were obtained at annealing temperature of 52o C for 30 seconds as compared to other temperatures. The simultaneous amplification of two different sized target specific PCR products was obtained for BSV and CMV, respectively at annealing temperature of 52o C. The amplified fragments specific to BSV (730 bp) and CMV (488 bp) were distinct from each other due to difference in molecular weight.


The open Russian military invasion of Ukraine supported by Belarus launched in February 2022 has changed the usual state of affairs and caused the economic, humanitarian, and migration crises. Several millions of Ukrainian people had to move to safer regions of the country, and a significant share of them (mostly women, children, and elderly people) have left abroad in search of safer living conditions, which has become the worst migration crisis since the World War II. Many Ukrainian citizens have been forced to move to Russia. Poland hosts the largest number of Ukrainian citizens among the EU countries (about 60% of all refugees), much less left for Romania, Hungary, Slovakia, and Germany. Almost every European country helps Ukraine in some way or another, hosting its residents and providing asylum. The aim of this article is to investigate the tendencies and changes of forced migration in Ukraine in the conditions of war. The collective protection of displaced persons allows immediate assistance to many people in conditions of emergencies and reduces pressure on the system of asylum provision authorities. This decision provides the right to Ukrainians to live, work, and receive assistance in the EU countries avoiding the lingering process of asylum application submission and long waiting for the respective decision. The article highlights the comparison of standards for providing temporary protection of displaced persons in the EU countries that have accepted most of them. Certainly, the situation with the mass movement of people or leaving abroad will have negative consequences for Ukraine. The return of forcibly displaced from Ukraine will depend on what way of legal stay abroad they choose (status of "forced" tourist, refugee, or temporary protection). Moreover, the duration of hostilities and effi ciency and complexity of actions taken by state and local authorities to implement economic and social reforms will have much effect. The article offers various development scenarios for Ukraine and ways and incentives for returning Ukrainian citizens to their Motherland.


Abstract : The extensive use of propaganda by all belligerents during World War I created sensitivity to the relationship between modern communications technologies and the manipulation of public opinion. Government elites and academicians were so concerned with a perceived malleability of Americans that they initiated government and private institutions to protect the masses from anti-patriotic rhetoric. Many of these activities were challenged as the democratic system searched for a balance between first amendment rights and national security. The United States is once again fighting an adversary who challenges the legitimacy of its political system. The USG does not appear to have learned from WWI and the prelude to WWII. The USG should be careful to not assist the adversary in creating an alternate reality of signs and symbols with which to degrade the democratic political system.


The authors analyzed the QT and RR interval time series continuously recorded during 90 degrees passive Tilt test in 10 young healthy subjects (age 26/spl plusmn/5 years, 5 females). Changes in QT interval were assessed on 1 minute time related templates and on rate-independent waveforms obtained by averaging beats preceded by the same RR interval. Following Tilt, the mean RR interval shortened (from 927/spl plusmn/73 ms to 733/spl plusmn/118 ms, p<0.01), Bazett corrected QT increased (QTb; from 403/spl plusmn/12 ms to 413/spl plusmn/21 ms, p=0.058) whereas exponential QTe did not change significantly. Conversely, QTf and QTl (respectively Fridericia and linear rate-corrected QT), decreased after Tilt (e.g. QTf 398/spl plusmn/11 ms vs 391/spl plusmn/14 ms, p<0.05). Comparison at identical heart rate confirmed a QT shortening (QTrr: 387/spl plusmn/14 ms vs. 363/spl plusmn/15 ms, p<0.01). Thus, rate-correction formula are inconsistent and should be used with caution when assessing autonomic nervous system changes.


Low birth weight babies (LBW) is still a problem in developing countries. LBW increase risk of mortality and morbidity. The prevalence of LBW in Probolinggo tended increase from 2011 to 2013. This study aim was to analyze characteristics of social, economic, and antenatal care as a risk factors for LBW in Probolinggo District.
This study was an observational analytic study with nested case control design. Population of 201 women who gave birth in the main study. This study used cluster random sampling as sampling technique. The independent variables were the age when pregnant, mother's education level, duration of work, family income, anxiety towards birth, husband support, gestational age, frequency and quality of antenatal care, food taboo, the consumption of herbs, exposure from cigarette smoke, and alcohol consumption. The dependent variable was the LBW. Data collecting used questionnaires and analyzed using logistic regression (α= 0.05).
Logistic regression analysis respectively affacting factors of LBW were the gestational age (p= 0.00), age at pregnancy (p= 0.03), and level of education (p= 0.02). Multivariate analysis showed gestational age is a risk factor low birth weight (OR= 66; 95% CI; 8.197 to 531,391). Duration work, family income, anxiety towards birth, husband support, gestational age, frequency of antenatal care, quality of antenatal care, food taboo, the consumption of herbs, tobacco smoke exposure had no effect on LBW.
The conclution of this study is the mother who gave birth at the age of preterm 66 times greater risk of having LBW baby compared with mothers who gave birth at the age of aterm. Mothers are expected to know what the high risk in pregnancy, maintaining nutrition during pregnancy, and more intensive visit in the third trimester. It is hoped to be a preventive measure in order to reduce the risk of LBW infants.


Like Botticelli's Primavera and Giorgioni's Tempesta, Bronzino's brilliant and compelling Allegory (Fig. 1) continues to invite speculation about its meaning. Sir Michael Levey's 1967 exposition of the painting remains the one most frequently and popularly invoked: in 1987, endorsing his earlier interpretation, he described it for the National Gallery as 'The Conquest of Love by Beauty', with beauty enshrined in Venus holding her apple from Paris. For Levey, Cupid's arrow in Venus's hand was evidence of her conquest.1 More recently, Lynette Bosch has argued that all the painting's figures are deities and that the painting illustrates the eternally waged 'battle between Love and Time'.2 The majority of earlier commentators appropriately I think saw in this picture something more sinister: 'loves dangers and tortures' and 'Luxury and its drawbacks,'3 for example, or 'incompletely reciprocated love.'4 In 1986 J. F. Conway made a startling and important contribution to the debate, discovering in Bronzino's composition a depiction of a syphilitic victim.5 Although frequently alluded to in passing, 'I1 Morbo Gallico' has failed to attract the extended scholarly attention it warrants, especially in the light of important new studies of early modern syphilis.6 It is this line of interpretation that I wish to develop here, adopting an interdisciplinary and intertextual approach so essential to the study of cultural representations (yet still unduly frowned upon from so many institutional quarters), and re-situating Bronzino's Allegory in a cultural location preoccupied with a distressing 'new' plague which was so intimatelyand erotically tied to the 'act of Venus'. The provenance of this painting is obscure and largely dependent on a few sentences in Vasari's Lives written at least twenty-three years after it had reputedly been sent to France for Francis I (who died in 1547), possibly from Cosimo I of Florence, Bronzino's patron at this time. Vasari described the painting as showing Venus being kissed by Cupid, with Pleasure ('II Piacere'), Jest ('II Giuoco') and other Cupids ('altri Amori') on one side, Fraud ('La Fraude'), Jealousy ('La Gelosia') and other passions of love on the other.7 Scholars have consistently felt this to be an inaccurate rendering of this picture's iconography; indeed, Charles Hope has raised the extremely pertinent question of whether Vasari conflated his memory of this allegory with that of another picture by Bronzino, also featuring Venus and Cupid, which is now in Budapest (Fig. 2).8 As can be seen from the following synopsis of the commonest identifications of the personifications, Vasari's account has, nevertheless, heavily influenced the debates. There can be no disagreement about Venus with her apples and doves, Cupid with his wings and quiver, and Time with wings and hourglass. The jolly little boy to the right with an anklet of bells, a thorn in his foot and throwing rose petals has been identified as Pleasure, Folly, and Mirth.9 The personification behind him of a girl in a green dress with a reptilian and lion's posterior, scaly tail, proffering a honeycomb in one hand and her sting in the other, is usually labelled Fraud, sometimes Pleasure.10 The tortured figure to the left of Cupid was inevitably (and, remarkably, in most accounts still is) the female passion, Jealousy, until Conway identified this accurately as a male torso in extreme pain undergoing the ravages of syphilis 'I1 Morbo Gallico'.11 The figure in the upper left-hand corer wearing a close fitting black hat on which an elaborate veil and decoration is attached, has caused most speculation. Panofsky saw in her the head of unveiled Truth disclosing the scene, although he later agreed with Walter Friedlaender that she was more likely to be Night obstructing the unveiling process.12 Michael Levey felt the hollow mask attached to a neck symbolized Fraud and Charles Hope saw in the 'head whose back part is missing' an image of Oblivion.13 With the exception of Cecil Gould and Hope,14 the majority of commentators, including Conway, followed convention (ignoring the visual information), seeing the figure of Time exposing the scene pulling back the cloth aided or abetted by the enigmatic figure across from him: thus, for example, Luxury is exposed by Time.


Thorium is a naturally occurring radioactive element that has been identified as a potential alternative fuel for nuclear energy production. Additionally, thorium-based nuclear reactors have inherent safety features that reduce the risk of nuclear accidents and proliferation. As a result, there has been growing interest in the development of thorium-based nuclear energy as a viable alternative to fossil fuels. This paper looks at the present status of thorium nuclear fuel technology, providing an overview of thorium as a prospective natural resource for future energy, the global availability of mineral supplies, and discusses the technical, economic, and environmental factors that may influence its implementation. Potential advantages and challenges critical to further development associated with thorium-based nuclear energy are highlighted as well, and an outlook on its future prospects is provided. Thorium offers advantageous physical and chemical properties over uranium, has a higher energy density, and produces less waste, in addition to its greater natural abundance, making it to be considered a "future nuclear fuel". There are concerns about the cost and scalability of thorium-based nuclear energy, with uncertainty around the cost to develop, build, and operate thorium reactors, as it has not yet been demonstrated in large-scale commercial reactors—although almost all current reactor types have been built and run using thorium—as it is the case with Uranium-based nuclear technology—the dominant form of nuclear energy for over half a century, having received much more investment and attention than thorium-based technology. Thorium has the potential to contribute towards a more sustainable nuclear industry, including lower lifecycle emissions and more efficient resource utilization, but for this, an acceleration of efforts to date is needed to ensure that this becomes an important climate change stabilizing wedge by the mid-21st century.


The appearance of the "inter-subject education" in libraries of universities is no coincidence,it practically came into being with the development of the philosophical thoughts that moves from "subject-centered" idea to "inter-subject" concept.The construction of IC library,the reappearance of the "process" significance,the conflicts between and the choice of the old and new concepts in the field of library,all contribute to the formation of the "inter-subject education" in libraries in universities.


Introduction Health services in Africa have a very severe shortage of doctors and nurses with less than 10 doctors per 100,000 population in several countries 1 and access to health services is difficult for many patients because of high transport costs 2. Despite these constraints, and the limited experience in delivering chronic care in Africa, antiretroviral therapy (ART) has been scaled up rapidly and about 8 million people are now on treatment 3. In most countries, the HIV services are delivered as stand-alone vertical programmes 4.


Authors : Majse Lind, Carla Sharp, Salome Vanwoerden Abstract : Narrative identity is the dynamic and evolving story individuals create about their personal pasts, presents, and presumed futures. This storied sense of self develops in adolescence and is crucial for fostering a sense of self-unity and purpose in life. A growing body of work has shown that several characteristics of narrative identity are disturbed in adults suffering from borderline personality disorder (BPD). Very little research, however, has explored the stories told by adolescents with BPD features. Investigating narrative identity early in the lifespan and in relation to personality pathology is crucial; BPD is a developmental disorder with early signs appearing already in adolescence. In the current study, we examine narrative identity (focusing on themes of agency and communion) coded from self-defining memories derived from the child attachment interview in 174 inpatient adolescents (M = 15.12, SD = 1.52) at the time of admission. The adolescents' social cognition was further assessed on the basis of their reactions to movie scenes (i.e., the MASC movie task). They also completed a trauma checklist and self-reported BPD features at three different time points (i.e., at admission, at discharge, and 6 months after admission). Preliminary results show that adolescents who told stories containing themes of agency and communion evinced better social cognition, and lower emotional abuse on the trauma checklist. In addition, adolescents who disclosed stories containing lower levels of agency and communion demonstrated more BPD symptoms at all three time points, even when controlling for the occurrence of traumatic life events. Surprisingly, social cognitive abilities were not significantly associated with BPD features. These preliminary results underscore the importance of narrative identity as an indicator, and potential cause, of incipient personality pathology. Thus, focusing on diminished themes of narrative-based agency and communion in early adolescence could be crucial in preventing the development of personality pathology over time.


Abstract This paper gives the results of a recalculation of the data in Paper I of this series, with an expression for strain energy which is a special case of the Mooney-Rivlin theory, instead of the ideal theory based on Gaussian networks. It was shown in Paper I that the apparent concentration of elastically effective network strands terminated by entanglements, νN, can be estimated by crosslinking linear polymers in states of strain. The maximum value of νN found by this method was about one-half the value obtained from viscoelastic measurements in the rubbery plateau zone, νc=2.5×10−4 mol cm−3. The low value of νN was primarily attributed to the crosslinking temperature being too far (12°) above the glass-transition temperature, Tg. Crosslinking temperatures closer to Tg give values of νN close to νc, as will be shown in Paper III of this series. In addition, it was found that these networks behave slightly differently from the predictions of the ideal Gaussian composite network theory: ideal Gaussia...


Objective: To predict the secondary structures and B cell epitopes of human interleukin(IL)-33.Methods: The location of B cell epitopes was predicted by screening the secondary structure of IL-33.Analysis was on the basis of the prediction results of hydrophilicity,accessibility,flexibility,antigenicity followed by a verification using ABCpred program.Results: The predicted B cell epitopes were found to locate at the protein sequence of amino acids 1 ~ 19,59 ~ 75,108 ~ 117 and 204 ~ 210 for IL-33.Conclusion: These findings would be helpful for estimate of the epitopes and activity sites localized within human IL-33.


Glioblastoma remains a highly malignant and intrinsically resistant brain tumor. Despite intensive research through which numerous potential druggable targets were identified, virtually all clinical trials of the past 20 years failed to improve the outcome for the vast majority of GBM patients. However, the identification of small subgroups of patients that showed an exceptional response across several trials, implies that, when selected more carefully, some GBM patients could probably still benefit from these therapies. Identifying these patients requires that suitable biomarkers are identified. In this project, we reassessed the molecular mechanisms of ten actionable compounds (selected from previously failed trials but for which exceptional responders had been observed) in a set of carefully selected patient-derived cell lines that were sensitive/resistant to the selected therapies. Moreover, to deal with tumor heterogeneity, we used a multi-omic functional precision oncology approach, combining scRNA-seq and CyTOF, to identify drug-specific biomarkers by comparing control and treated samples at single-cell resolution. By subsequently correlating the molecular signatures to eventual cytotoxicity profiles, we could identify intrinsically responsive tumor cells at the single-cell level within hours following drug exposure. Overall, this work lays the foundation for an actionable functional diagnostic assay that could help to identify eligible GBM patients in future clinical trials.


Mobile Ad-hoc networks have recently attracted a lot of attention in the research community as well as in industry. Although the previous research mainly focused on various of Ad-hoc in routing, we consider, in this paper, how to efficiently support applications such as variable Goocasting basd on Ad-hoc networks. The goal of a geocasting uotocol is deliver data packets to a group of nodes that are located within a specified geocasting region. Previous research that support geocast nice in mobilie computing based on Ad-hoc have the non-optimization problem of data delivery path, overhead by frequent reconstruction of the geocast tree, and service disruption problem. In this paper, we propose the mobility pattern based geocast technique using variable service range according to the nobility of destination node and resource reservation to solve this problem. The experimental results show that our proposed mechanism has improved performance of Connection & Network Overhead than previous research.


Dear Editor, We found Cassini et al's article comparing the outcomes of laparoscopic and open Hartmann procedure (HP) in patients with severe acute diverticulitis (Hinchey III-IV) very interesting. Highlighted in the article, the results were in favor of laparoscopic HP, in terms of overall morbidity, faster return to bowel movements, and shorter hospital stay. Furthermore, the authors also analyzed feasibility and effectiveness of subsequent laparoscopic reversal of HP, which was finally carried out without conversion to laparotomy in all cases initially managed by laparoscopy and in 91.3% overall. Thus, Cassini et al concluded that a totally laparoscopic management of Hinchey III-IV patients is a feasible option in expert hands and worthy of additional study. We believe that Dr Cassini's article is worth a commentary. Although laparoscopic HP was reportedly associated with some of the typical advantages of mini-invasive surgery in the present series (faster return to bowel movements, shorter hospital stay), concerning morbidity, only minor complications were significantly reduced. In our opinion, it may be concluded that the intrinsic invasiveness of HP is only marginally reduced by laparoscopy, whose advantages should not be overestimated in such an emergency setting. Interestingly, a 17% overall mortality (10/60 patients) seems quite a high fatality rate, also considering that Hinchey III were included and hemodynamically unstable patients were excluded from the series. Moreover, HP reversal rate in the series is finally low, as, at the end of (intended) 2-step management (HP and its reversal), 16 patients still had a stoma; of them, 10 died with a terminal colostomy, 4 were reoperated by laparoscopy, converted to laparotomy, and eventually not reversed, and 2 reversal procedures ended up with ileostomy needing further closure. In addition, 4 successful procedures needed a conversion to laparotomy, and 2 patients were reoperated, leading to a total amount of 114 procedures carried out in 60 patients, which is impressive if we consider that a 2-step mini-invasive complete treatment was finally not performed in one third of patients (20 out of 60). Hence, the question whether HP (and its reversal) may be performed laparoscopically is, in our opinion, legitimate but finally idle, as the real question is seemingly whether performing mini-invasively such an aggressive procedure in an emergency setting brings major advantages to all patients. At the present time, any generalization in this field seems arbitrary, indeed. First of all, Hinchey classes III and IV are often analyzed together, but are seemingly not the same, and Hinchey III patients may probably be managed less aggressively than Hinchey IV ones. In a previous experience with Hinchey III, hemodynamically stable patients, we found that a nonoperative attitude was successful in more than 90% of the patients. Significantly, no stoma was needed in the series, and a late laparoscopic elective sigmoidectomy was performed in 47% of the cases (the remaining patients were not operated at all). Other authors propose a simple laparoscopic exploration of Hinchey III patients, ending up with lavage and drainage, without any resection or stoma. Finally, in selected patients, primary anastomosis—with or without protective stoma, by open or minimally invasive techniques— are considered by many authors as the first option in hemodynamically stable patients. Remarkably, primary anastomosis is associated with lower mortality compared with HP and shows higher rates of colonic restoration. Albeit we may agree that HP and RHP (reversal of HP) may be performed laparoscopically by experienced surgeons, we strongly believe that it is an aggressive management—no matter the approach used—and should be avoided in most Hinchey III patients. The debate on the treatment of generalized peritonitis (Hinchey III-IV) is still open, and a consensus is far from being reached. 874269 SRIXXX10.1177/1553350619874269Surgical InnovationMorini et al letter2019


The authors examine the theory and practice of the interaction of international law and Russian criminal law in the system of their harmonization and standardization using specific crimes as examples. They also analyze international law norms from the standpoint of the criteria of their effectiveness in protecting the rights of minors in view of their further implementation in Russian criminal legislation. It is noted that a wide spread of different forms of illegal actions against minors is predetermined by the lack of a comprehensive system of protecting the rights of children in international and Russian legislation, the insufficient development of effective methods of detecting and registering different crimes. The authors point out that it is necessary to take into account the positive experience in protecting the rights and interests of children in the criminal legislation of other countries, especially partner countries, which is a vital condition for the success of integrational processes. They state that it is necessary to use a systemic approach in making decisions on criminalizing offenses against minors.


This article aims to outline the exhaustive characteristics of the goods in the trade circulation, as well as to establish specific features that reveal the essence of goods in this area, which should be taken into account by contracting parties nowadays. The task of the research is to develop the concept of an item of goods as an object of commercial law through the formulation of its concept, taking into account all the latest legal and doctrinal ideas about it.


The aim of the study is to research the correspondence and difference of ancient Greek authors FREEDOM conception. The subject of the article is the investigation of freedom category interpretation by ancient Greek writers. The object of the study is the works of ancient Greek writers, poets, philosophers, concerned with major issues of freedom conception. The academic novelty of the investigation is as follows: the most significant definitions of FREEDOM by ancient Greek authors were researched and recapped. It was examined that humans' freedom and their cognitive activity are the significant issues of the conception determination of freedom. The term FREEDOM is different for every person that is why we cannot insist categorically that one idea is right and the other is wrong. In this case the idea of freedom disappears. Some philosophers consider that initially no Greek word ΕΛΕΥΘΕΡΙΑ, no Latin LIBERTAS didn't have philosophical meanings. Ancient Greeks believed that destiny, fate, necessity run humans. The idea of Freedom emerged in Ancient Greece. The ancient Greeks were first, who began to consider the issue of freedom both in the political and philosophic senses of the word. They tried to create the first state institutions defended human freedom. This concept had a lot of meanings in ancient times: the domination of intellect over emotions, conscience control, responsibility for actions, independency, and privilege for life, right to manipulate slaves. The idea of "being free" appeared much earlier than the conception of "freedom". According to Homer to be free for person means to have an opportunity to live on your dear land. Particularly in Homer's poems we are able to find the generation of the human right choice idea. Herodotus was the first scientist who formed the social meaning of the word FREEDOM. The definition of FREEDOM as philosophical term was used by sophists for the first time ever. According to Socrates FREEDOM is a self-control, physical instincts control. Plato in his turn considers that humans have a right of choice, but their freedom is not absolute. The analysis of the philosophical views and approaches concerning freedom conception in antiquity is conducted to prove that that freedom was the most significant value of ancient world. Ancient philosophers emphasized the polis freedom, internal and external freedom (stoics), freedom as self-control (Socrates), freedom as material independency (Plato), freedom as permissiveness (cynics), freedom as capacity for good. Ancient Greek and Modern Greek lexicographical sources show both analogies and differences of language objectification of FREEDOM conception. We consider appropriate to analyze these analogies and differences of various discourse's types as the further prospective of this theme investigation.


Abstract The four components of the genome of cowpea chlorotic mottle virus have been prepared in a highly active and highly purified state by a method based on their resolution by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Activity and purity have been confirmed by gel electrophoresis under denaturing and non-denaturing conditions, infectivity tests on whole plants, translation in an mRNA dependent rabbit reticulocyte lysate and fingerprinting of T1 ribonuclease digests after labelling with 32P at the 5′ ends of the oligonucleotide products. The quality of the RNAs obtained was superior to those previously obtained by zonal centrifugation but only comparatively small batches of whole RNA can be handled with ease.


This paper examines whether disability is a correlate of poverty when poverty is measured using (1) the official poverty measure; (2) the supplemental poverty measure (SPM); and (3) two newly created multidimensional poverty measures. Methods: Data from the Current Population Survey is used to explore the relationship between poverty and disability for each measure. Differences across disability status were tested for statistical significance. Results: Disability is associated with poverty, irrespective of the poverty measure under use. The gap in poverty rates between persons with and without disabilities is smaller when using the SPM as compared to the official poverty measure. The gap in poverty rates between persons with and without disabilities is highest when using multidimensional poverty measures. Conclusion: Working age persons with disabilities are more likely to be poor whatever the measure under use. They are a disadvantaged group in the U.S.


Divorcing Couples' Experience With Child Custody Mediation and Litigation by Jessica Leonard Anderson MA, Walden University, 2013 BA, Liberty University, 2009 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Psychology


We present ARES, an automated framework for writing endurance tests on flash-based storage devices. Since flash-based storages such as solid-state drives and SD cards have a limited capacity for processing data write requests, it is important for manufacturers to accurately test and specify the maximum amount of data writes that their products are guaranteed to withstand. Unfortunately, however, writing such an endurance test is mostly conducted manually in practice, which is difficult, laborious, and sometimes inaccurate. To address this issue, we present ARES, a learning-based automated approach for generating endurance tests on flash-based storage devices. ARES is built on two ideas. First, we observe that the search space of endurance tests can be effectively reduced by devising abstract relative write patterns. Second, we use a learning algorithm based on genetic programming in order to find worse-case write patterns efficiently. The experimental results demonstrate that ARES is capable of successfully learning highquality write patterns. The performance of the learned write patterns is superior to that of the manual tests designed by human engineers in Samsung Electronics. Especially for 32GB USB, ARES identified a write pattern that is 26% more effective than the manually crafted write pattern that has been used until recently.


The State of Prussia has a system of railways more than 2t,ooo miles (34,130.73 kn-is.1) in length, owned and operated by the government. It is the best example of an extensive system of government railways; and ever since 1880, when Prussia actively began the policy of buying up the large private railroads, there has been constant effort to perfect the all-important work of rate-making. Fundamental differences clearly exist between conditions in the United States and Prussia.2 2 The average length of haul in Prussia is but 70.7 miles, as compared with 244.3 in the United


Most dimension reduction methods based on nonparametric smoothing are highly sensitive to outliers and to data coming from heavy tailed distributions. We show that the recently proposed MAVE and OPG methods by Xia et al. (2002) allow us to make them robust in a relatively straightforward way that preserves all advantages of the original approach. The best of the proposed robust modifications, which we refer to as MAVE-WMAD-R, is sufficiently robust to outliers and data from heavy tailed distributions, it is easy to implement, and surprisingly, it also outperforms the original method in small sample behaviour even when applied to normally distributed data.


ABSTRACT The aim of this paper is to offer an intellectual history of the British Empire's involvement in the Mediterranean during the revolutions of the 1820s, focusing in particular on debates between British, Neapolitan and Sicilian intellectuals about international order in the Mediterranean. It points to the existence of a specific British debate on the nature and significance of Britain's imperial presence in the Central Mediterranean, which in turn fostered Southern reflections on the benefits and legal boundaries of an imperial protectorate. Within Neapolitan reflections on imperialism, I shall argue, there were to be found calls for a British presence in the Mediterranean supportive of liberalism but devoid of any civilizing mission or exercise of sovereignty over the seas. Southern intellectuals thus envisaged the Mediterranean as a space characterized by liberty of navigation and commerce, national self-government and the absence of hierarchies between sovereign states.


Being aware of the biological potential, low toxicity as well as biocompatibility of both amino acids and naturally occurring heterocycles, the aim of this study was the synthesis and characterization of new β-amino acids and their ethyl esters bearing the thiazole core. The thiazole β-amino acids were obtained with 52 68% yields, by applying a synthetically convenient modification of the Rodionov reaction, consisting in the condensation of 2-arylthiazole-4-carbaldehydes with malonic acid and ammonium acetate. The obtained β-amino acids were converted into ethyl carboxylates by a single-step procedure, involving the activation of the carboxyl group by treatment with thionyl chloride. The synthesized compounds were purified and characterized by melting point, H NMR, C NMR and mass spectrometry.


The study aim is to characterise and assess the credit situation of microenterprises in Poland in 2020-2022. We focus on credit dynamics and quality, including total loans, investment loans, working capital loans, and overdrafts. We use monthly data from Polish Credit Information Bureau (BIK). The research covers the period between July 2020 and July 2022. We observe a significant increase in the dynamics of loans granted to microenterprises at the beginning of 2021 and a downward trend in the following analysed months. The fluctuation is similar for investment loans, working capital loans, and overdrafts. We claim that a decrease in the dynamics and interest in loans by microenterprises is not dependent only on the COVID-19 pandemic. A substantial reduction in the value of the Portfolio Quality Index is noticed during the first months of the analysed period (second half of 2020). Then its value stabilizes at a low level. The Index of Portfolio Quality for all analysed industries shows similar values. The analysis results indicate an unfavourable trend that should worry the microentrepreneurs sector and may also negatively affect the entire economy.


Diverse methods of life guidance adopted by the teacher`s subjective standards including corporal punishment have inherent problems. Some schools have introduced and exercised the merit and demerit system, which uses merits and demerits to guide the children for desirable life habits and etiquette. And most of them are done off-line and thus have difficulties with real time reference, statistical process, filling out logs, and management. The merit and demerit management system(MDMS) was developed to support the process, statistics, reference, and authority features as well as card issuing. It also promotes life guidance, personality education, participation of the parents, and further desirable cooperation among the teachers, students, and parents. The system has lots of advantages such as reducing resistance from the students against life guidance rules, enabling the students to check their life guidance status at school, allowing the parents to check how their children are doing at school, increasing efficiency of data management, and taking some burden off the shoulders of the teachers doing statistics. MDMS helps the teachers base corporal punishment on the guidance rules, deter direct punishment on certain body parts, and pursue more systematic, scientific, and human life guidance.


We give a completion theorem for ordered magmas (i.e. ordered algebras with monotone operations) in a general form. Particular instances of this theorem are already known, and new results follow. The semantics of programming languages is the motivation of such investigations. Key wordscomplete partial orders, semantics of programming languages. Introduction. When defining recursive functions by systems of equations (Kleene [5]), one introduces an order relation which means that a partial result approximates another one. This partial order is complete(i.e. every ascending chain admits a least upper bound), thus allowing a minimal solution to be defined for the system. This matter has been rebuilt by Scott, and many authors after him, within the framework of complete lattices ; that last theory has been developed for its own sake by several authors , among which Birkhoff [1]. Frequently, the lattice structure does not seem necessary and creates instead additional troubles (Plotkin [9], Milner [8] for instance). The notion of complete partial order is good enough, and fits better to the most common instances. This algebraic framework is suitable for studying program schemes([2], [3]). We then need distinguish between thebase functionsand theprogram-defined functions, with the help of base functions and various control structures (recursive call, iteration, etc...). Thus, our domains will beordered magmas, i.e. partial orders equipped with monotoneoperators (no information is lost during a computation). And we shall be concerned with completeness (the operators being supposedcontinuous). More precisely, we shall study the possible embeddings of an ordered magma into a complete ordered magma. Some of the ascending chains may keep their l.u.b., or may be added a new one ; this gives different completions, each characterized by a universal property. We shall thus define the Γ-completionas the completion which preserves the l.u.b. which already exist in a set Γ of subsetes of the magma. From this general theorem is defived the "ideal completion" of [9], [1], [2], [4], the "chain-completion" of [8], and the existence of factor objects in the category of ordered magmas. The above mentionned authors woule use neither operators not magmas, but only partial orders (except [4]). But eht "chain-completion" in the category of partial orders need not be a complete ordered magma (cf. Corollary 2). Definitions and the main theorem.Let F be a set of operators with arity. An FmagmaM is a domain DM together with a functionfM : DM → DM for eachf ∈ F with arity k. The homomorphisms of F-magmas, or F-morphisms , shall be compatible with the operators : φ M → M′ is a F-morphism when φ(fM(a1, ... , ak)) = fM′(φ(a1), ... , φ(ak)) for all f ∈ F with arityk, and alla1, ... , ak ∈ DM . In this paper, we shall only consider o deredmagmas (therefore "magma" will mean "ordered magma"), with a partial order denoted by ≤M , a least element ΩM (associated with the symbol Ω of arity 0 whichi is always supposed to be an element of F), and monotone operators fM . An F-morphism between ordered magmas must be monotone. 2 Completions of ordered magmas Finally, if M is a magma, asub-F-magmaN of M is a F-magma such that D N ⊆ DM , and that the inclusion i : n → M is a (monotone) F-morphism. It is full whend ≤M d′ impliesd ≤N d′ for everyd, d′ ∈ DN. Let Γ denote a set of non-empty subsets of D M . The F-magma M is said to be Γ-completewhen — every A∈ Γ admits a l.u.b. in DM , denoted by sup A or ∨ x∈A x ; — fm(A1, ... , Ak) = {f (a1, ... , ak); a1 ∈ A1, ... ak ∈ Ak} ∈ Γ and supfM(A1, ... , Ak) = fM(sup A1, ... , sup Ak) for all f with arity k and all A1, ... , Ak ∈ Γ. A monotone functionφ : Mk → N where M isΓ-complete and N is an arbitrary magma is Γ-continuousif for all A1, ... , Ak ∈ Γ, φ(A1, ... , Ak) admits a l.u.b. in N and sup N φ(A1, ... , Ak) = φ(sup M A1, ... , sup M Ak). With each F-magma M is naturally associated Ξ(M) = the set of non-empty subsets of D M , Φ(M) = the set of non-empty finite subsets of D M , ∆(M) = the set of non-empty directed subsets of D M (A ∈ ∆(M) ⇐⇒ ∀d, d′ ∈ A, ∃d′′ ∈ A d ≤ d′′ andd′ ≤ d′′, ∆α(M) = the set of non-empty directed subsets of cardinality at most α, Λ(M) = the set of non-empty directed subsets of D M which admit a l.u.b. in DM , Θα(M) = the set of monotone morphisms of an ordinal α into M (theα-chains), etc. Hence−Λ ⊆ ∆ ⊆ Ξ. Thus, a partial order is a complete lattice (cf. Birkhoff [1]) if and only if it is Ξ-complete, a join-semi-lattice if and only if it is Φ-complete, a lattice if and only if it is Φ′-complete with Φ′(M) = {{d′ ∈ DM ; d′ ≤ d1 & ... & d′ ≤ dk}; k ∈ N, d1, ... , dk ∈ DM}. A F-magma ispre-completeif and only if it is Λ-complete. Notice that this condition only affects the fm′s. If F only contains symbols of arity 0, then every F-magma is precomplete (cf. corollaries 1 and 2, and theorem 3). To each of these families Γ is attached a category the objects of which are the Γ-complete F-magmas, and the arrows of which are the monotone F-morphisms f : M → N that send a subset A ∈ Γ(M) on a subset f (A) in Γ(N) and furthermore such that f (sup A) = supf (A) : theΓ-continuous morphisms . These restrictions can be automatically satisfied by the monotone morphisms for some families, but it is not always the case, as noticed for Λ. In the sequel, we shall restrict ourselves to those "functorial" families and related morphisms. The main theorem of this paper reads as follows. THÉORÈME 1. — LetΓ ⊆ Γ′ two families of subsets, and M a Γ-completeF-magma. There exists a Γ′-complete F-magmaMΓ′ Γ and aΓ-continuous injectiveF-morphism i: M → MΓ′ γ such that for allΓ-continuous morphisms j : M → N where n isΓ′-complete, there exists a unique Γ′-continuous morphism h : MΓ′ Γ → N such that j= hi. M i → MΓ′ Γ j ↘ ↓ h N Proof : The construction of MΓ′ Γ will be carried out in the particular case when Γ′ = Ξ. A non-empty subset A of D is Γ-closedwhen (1) d ≤ d′ andd′ ∈ A ⇒ d ∈ A (henceΩM ∈ A), (2) B ⊆ A and B∈ Γ ⇒ sup B∈ A. The intersection of a family of closed subsets is closed ; therefore — for all non-empty subset A of D, there exists a smallest closed subset containing A, its closure,denoted by CΓ(A) or C(A) whenΓ is clear from the context ; — the setD̂ of non-empty sebsets of D ordered by set inclusion is a complete lattice : for all family (A i)i∈I (which containsΩD) ∧


Abstract—To provide information on the mechanism of cardiac adaptation at the molecular level, we compared the unitary displacements and forces between the 2 rat cardiac myosin isoforms, V1 and V3. A fluorescently labeled actin filament, with a polystyrene bead attached, was caught by an optical trap and brought close to a glass surface sparsely coated with either of the 2 isoforms, so that the actin-myosin interaction took place in the presence of a low concentration of ATP (0.5 μmol/L). Discrete displacement events were recorded with a low trap stiffness (0.03 to 0.06 pN/nm). Frequency distribution of the amplitude of the displacements consisted of 2 gaussian curves with peaks at 9 to 10 and 18 to 20 nm for both V1 and V3, suggesting that 9 to 10 nm is the unitary displacement for both isoforms. The duration of the displacement events was longer for V3 than for V1. On the other hand, discrete force transients were recorded with a high trap stiffness (2.1 pN/nm), and their amplitude showed a broad distri...


We describe an unusual uptake pattern in a thalliumSPECT study performedafter dipyridamoleinfusion in a patient with a documented historyof prior inferiorinfarctionand recent typical chest pain. The stress study exhibited maximumup takeintheinferior wall.Thedelayedstudyshowedan inferior defect more consistent with the notion of inferiornecrosis, with a maximum uptake in the anterior wall. The authors propose apathophysiologic interpretation consistent withcor onary angiography findings, based on the assumption of coronarysteal suggestedby the occurrenceof chest pain at theendof thedipyridamole infusion. Theproblemof selecting myocardialnormal referencearea(s)necessaryto normaliza tion prior to quantitativecomparisonstress and delayedstud ies is discussed. J NucIMed 1991;32:1901-1903


The invention relates to a breathing filter of a rigid activated carbon material, which is equipped as a shaped body with a plurality of non-parallel to each other arranged connected channels. The channels are coated with metal compounds, preferably selected from zinc, copper, silver and / or molybdenum compounds. Furthermore, the invention relates to the use of the respiratory protection filters and respirators equipped with the breathing filters.


Based on the CiteSpace, the core Chinese journals in CNKI general library from 2005 to September 2020 were searched, 2855 papers on innovation and entrepreneurship were obtained and analyzed. The development of innovation and entrepreneurship in Higher Vocational Education in China was objectively analyzed by drawing the knowledge map of the research authors, research institutions and research topics in this field. The results show that the research authors and research institutions form less cooperation, in the research institutions, with the increasing number of coastal economic development zones, vocational education innovation and entrepreneurship research main force to the relatively developed areas of the transfer. Research is carried out on hot issues such as political education, modern apprenticeship system and the integration of dictatorship. It is suggested that we should continue to strengthen the research on the integration of "proprietary" and pay attention to the improvement of the curriculum system and teaching methods according to local conditions. The specific content of innovation and entrepreneurship education should be improved to diversify innovation and entrepreneurship.


Speech separation is an important and basic task for computer audition,and single-channel speech separation is the most difficult problem in the field of speech separation.This paper reviewed the research topic of model-based single channel speech separation and discussed major methods developed in the literature which could group into three major categories:speaker-dependent,speaker-selection and speaker-independent separation.Analyzed the major shortcomings of each method and studied the key factors that affected the performance of the algorithm.Finally,discussed the future research directions on this topic.


Ranjit Avenue, Amritsar. The subject of human rights is not new. It has been ingrained in the societies from time immemorial. This topic has assumed a great importance in the contemporary world due to the result of gross violations of these rights. Human rights are the rights which are essential for leading a good normal and dignified life as a human being. Human rights can be generally defined as those rights, which are inherent in our nature and without which we cannot live as human beings. Human rights and fundamental freedoms allow us to fully develop and use our human qualities, our intelligence and other needs. Human rights are sometimes also called fundamentals rights or basic rights or even natural rights. Another way to describe them would be to call them "common rights" for they are the rights, which all men and women in the world should share. These are inalienable rights of all members of human family. Human rights means the rights relating to life, liberty, equality and dignity of the individual guaranteed by the Constitution or embodied in the international covenants and enforceable by courts in India. 4 These are those minimum rights, which every individual must have against the state or other public authority by virtue of his being a human being. 5 As a matter of fact, human rights can be termed as universal and politically identified human values. The contemporary conception of human rights, though rooted in the rich heritage of past, is of recent origin and was reflected for the first time in the Charter of the United Nations which was adopted in 1945.


United States Geological Survey, Woods Hole, Massachusetts. Chief Scientists: Mike Bothner, WHOI, Bill Martin, WHOI. Data (slowcore) of field activity 07014 (H-1-07-MA) in Massachusetts Bay, Massachusetts, United States, North America, North Atlantic from 03/21/2007 to 03/21/2007, http://walrus.wr.usgs.gov/infobank/h/h107ma/html/h-1-07-ma.meta.html.


A lubrication structure includes a liquid drop splashing device and an electret portion (32). The liquid drop splashing device is configured to turn a lubricating liquid (L) for lubricating machine-element components into liquid drops (Ld1, Ld2). The liquid drop splashing device is configured to splash the lubricating liquid (L) turned into the liquid drops (Ld1, Ld2). The machine-element components configure contact parts. Each contact part is a part where corresponding adjacent machine-element components come into contact with each other. An electret portion (32) is provided to a vicinity of each contact part. The electret portion (32) is composed of an electret.


Introduction: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic relapsing inflammatory skin disorder which involves skin barrier and immune dysregulation. The management of AD involves the use of moisturizers and immunosuppressant which are only used for temporary symptom relief and may potentially harm the fetal growth. Autologous activated platelet-rich plasma (aaPRP) is a potential adjuvant treatment for symptom control in pregnant AD patient. This report examines a case of a pregnant patient with AD treated with aaPRP and the monitoring of fetal growth until birth.
Case Report: A 37-year-old pregnant patient with a history of AD when in contact with latex or consumption of dairy products came to Hayandra Clinic. As she had been working as anesthesiologist continuously in contact with latex gloves, she underwent routine aaPRP therapy for 3 years and had 15 aaPRP treatments over the course of her pregnancy. The patient had lesser lesions when AD was induced, no exacerbation of symptoms during pregnancy, and the baby was healthy during pregnancy to birth.
Conclusion: The use of aaPRP therapy for the management of AD may be indicated as it controls the symptoms yet is safe for the patient during pregnancy. There was also no harm effect showing on the fetal development. A larger study such as randomized controlled trial is required to evaluate our findings.


The intramolecular hydroesterification of allyl alcohol with carbon monoxide to give γ-butyrolactone occurred in the presence of cobalt carbonyl under the pressure of carbon monoxide containing a small amount of hydrogen; propionaldehyde and isobutyraldehyde were produced as by-products. The selectivity toward γ-butyrolactone increased with the use of acetonitrile or its derivatives as the solvent. The addition of pyridine, in the absence of these solvents, was effective only in increasing the reaction rate, not in increasing the selectivity toward γ-butyrolactone. On the other hand, in the presence of acetonitrile as a solvent, the selectivity toward γ-butyrolactone increased together with the reaction rate when a catalytic amount of an organic base such as pyridine was added. The higher the reaction temperature, the higher the pressure necessary to attain a maximum selectivity toward γ-butyrolactone; the best yield of γ-butyrolactone was ca. 60%. The effect of the partial pressures of hydrogen and carbo...


A method for recycling gas in an installation for the stabilization of crude oil (1) containing gas/liquid separation stages (2, 3, 4) whose gas removal pipes (12, 13, 14) are connected to the intake of a gas treatment installation (18) which provides a current of rich gas (19) and a current of poor residual gas (20), characterized in that an adjustable part (21, 22) of the poor residual gas current is injected into the flow of crude oil (8), preferably between the penultimate (3) and last (4) gas/liquid separation stage, of the installation for stabilization of crude oil (1), in order to increase the production of liquified petroleum gas and condensates.


Periodic examination of proteinuria for DM patients is important for the prevention of diabetic nephropathy complications. The most commonly used methods for checking proteinuria today are urine dipstick, albumin-creatinine ratio, and immunoassays. To analyze the suitability of proteinuria examination using a urine Dipstick, Albumin-Creatinine Ratio, and immunoassay. An observational analytic study, cross sectional, conducted in July 2020 - October 2020 at the Dr. Soetomo Surabaya, using urine samples (n = 57) that met the inclusion and exclusion criterias. The suitability test was carried out between the AIM urine dipstick, urine sysmex dipstick, AIM immunoassay and the Sysmex UC 3500 AC Ratio which were analyzed by the Cohen's kappa test. Immunoassay detected the highest proteinuria in 85.96% of type 2 DM patients, followed by AC Ratio (68.42%), AIM Dipstick (52.6%), and Sysmex Dipstick (49.12%). There was a very strong agreement between the AIM Dipstick and the Sysmex Dipstick, κ = 0.86 (p<0.05), a weak agreement between AIM immunoassay examination and Sysmex AC ratio, κ = 0.37 (p<0.05). There is no agreement between the Sysmex urine disptick and AIM immunoassay. There is a low agreement between the AIM Dipstick and the Sysmex AC Ratio. The AIM immunoassay detected microalbuminuria in 10(55.6%) of 18 subjects with negative results on Sysmex. Most immunoassay examinations detect proteinuria in type 2 DM patients. It is advisable to screen proteinuria using an immunoassay examination in type 2 DM patients1. Immunoassay examination can be relied on in screening proteinuria in DM patients. The results showed a very strong agreement using the AIM and the Sysmex dipstick examination. However, there was a weak agreement between the immunoassay examination and the AC ratio.


Carbon-based materials, due to their unique properties such as lightweight, many varieties of forms, doping capability with hetero atoms, low cost, and ease of processability, are suitable support, for heterogeneous catalysts. Among them, cellulose, as one of the most abundant and renewable organic polymers, preserves a key position in many organic raw materials.
Pyranopyrimidine derivatives, due to their high biological activity are of interest to both medicinal chemists and biochemists. Moreover, they play the most fundamental structural role in many natural compounds and medicinally useful molecules. Owing to the great variety of biologically active pyridines, it is not surprising that the pyridine ring system has become a vital basic component in many pharmaceutical agents.

In this study, cellulose as heterogeneous support was used to prepare an efficient solid catalyst. Cellulose, as the most abundant organic polymer, is a suitable material for this purpose. Then, by immobilizing polyoxomolybdate by a linker on the surface of this carbon-based material, we succeeded in producing Cell@(CH2)3N=Mo[Mo5O18] nanocatalyst. The structure and properties of this catalyst were confirmed by various analyzes including FT-IR, XRD, EDS-map, FE-SEM, and TGA, and its efficacy was evaluated by its use in the preparation of Pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives through a multicomponent reaction between aryl aldehydes, malononitrile, and barbituric acid.

The results of this study showed that this new and non-toxic organo-inorganic hybrid nanocatalyst provides the desired products in a short time and with appropriate efficiency.

The key features of the present protocol include reusability of the catalyst, ease of recovery, ambient reaction conditions, and simple work-up procedure that make it economic and sustainable.


In this article,we used realtime PCR technique to establish a rapid method for detection of Listeria monocytogenes in food.The designed primers and Taqman could be amplified by showing excellent feathers of LM.Furthermore,this method omitted the trivial stepgel electrophoresis and reduced probability of contamination.During identifying twentysix pathogenic bacteria,we used realtime PCR method which is more rapid,more sensitive and more specific than conventional culture method for detection of Listeria monocytogenes in food.


When Oliver Wendell Holmes (1) wrote, "It, is a physician's privilege to cure seldom, t,o relieve often, and to comfort, always," he was unaware of the t,remendous advances which were about to be made in medical treatment. Today we can aptly paraphrase his statement t,o read: It is t,he physician's privilege to cure often, to relieve almost always, and to comfort always. However, t'he inclination to focus our therapeutic sights on the goal of cure has tended to obscure the fact t,hat t,o give a helping hand and to comfort always are ideals of which tJhe practicing physician can well be proud. In this communication, we present a variety of concepts of treatment, rather than specific processes and procedures. The dynamic significance of certain treatment concepts is likewise explored. Holmes' words serve well as a background for this approach. Contemporary ideas of treatment are by no means completely separated from modes of thought that seem more appropriate for primit,ive or pre-literate societies. The early development of medicine even in civilized communities centered around a priest-doctor. The union in one person of the powers to communicate with the supernatural and to heal was somewhat disrupted by the developments in pathology, chemistry, bacteriology and ot,her scientific achievements. Thus as treatment concepts required more and more appreciation of the biologic and physical sciences, tJhere was a corresponding lessening in the significance of the priest, element in t,he priest-doct'or role. Many of the current development,s in medical philosophy or orientation, centering around such ideas as the comprehensive, ho1ist)ic or t,ot>al-person approach to therapy, are attempts to find a solution for vast numbers of medical problems that are difficult to relate to chemical, structural or physiologic dysfunction. This has led t,o various special branchirigs from t'he mainstream of medical practice, which is "organic" in its focus. Although pyschiatric disorders associated with struct>ural changes have been influenced in general by the concepts of treat,ment, characteristic of medical practice, the so-called functional psychoses and the neuroses have, in addition, been considered from viewpoints which involve varying degrees of philosophic, theologic and psycho-social frames of reference. The priestly content of the priest-doctor role is more in evidence in such treatment concepts as those developed by psychoanalysis, the various psychotherapeutic schools, or existentialism. The doctor who is almost completely devoid of priestly content is personified in the physician who deals with infect,ion and structural changes. In correcting the biochemical malfunctions of the organism he feels that t~he intricacies of the doctor-patient, relationship are not imporhnt for treat,ment aside from the cultivation of a "bedside manner." The physician who does not recognize the problems of the total person may limit treatment to such a narrow * Professor and Chairman, Department of Psychiatry and Neurology.


The rise of the soft tissue paradigm has led to the rise of nonextraction therapy in orthodontics. Molar distalization is a key aspect in nonextraction therapy as well as Class II correction in certain cases. This article deals with the fabrication of a modified molar distalization jig. The salient features of this jig are that it is easy to fabricate with materials routinely available in an orthodontic office as well as very economical.


Wanwimolruk et al. (1983) state that some studies have reported reduced drug protein binding in serum from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients (Selley et al., 1978) but that they have shown that the binding of warfarin and four acidic non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (indomethacin, salicylic acid, ibuprofen and flurbiprofen) was similar in patients with RA and osteoarthritis (Wanwimolruk et al., 1982). The results of Wanwimolruk et al. (1983) appear to support the finding that the plasma protein binding of tolmetin is reduced in RA (Selley et al., 1978). The plasma protein binding of tolmetin determined by several workers is shown in Table 1. The results obtained by Cressman et al. (1976) can be discounted because these workers diluted their plasma and carried out their experiments at room temperature. Tolmetin binding is dependent on human serum albumin (HSA) concentration and the association constants for the two classes of binding site on HSA decrease at lower temperatures (Selley et al., 1978). The remaining data suggests that the unbound fraction of tolmetin in normal plasma at a total concentration of 20 ,ug/ml is likely to be around 0.2%. The higher free fraction found in plasma from arthritic patients by Wanwimolruk et al. (1982) is probably due to reduced plasma protein binding rather than methodological differences. The decreased binding of tolmetin in the plasma of RA patients cannot be fully explained by the lowered albumin concentrations in these patients (Selley et al., 1978). It could be due to an alteration in the characteristics of the tolmetin binding sites on HSA since it has been found that RA patients have an HSA containing 14% more phenylalanine and 14% less lysine than normal subjects (Denko et al., 1970). Two specific binding sites for acidic drugs on HSA have been characterized using fluorescent probe techniques and designated site I and site II (Sudlow et al., 1975, 1976). Warfarin binds to site I and ibuprofen and flurbiprofen to site II. Fluorescent probe studies have shown that the conformation of these sites is not significantly altered in RA (Wanwimolruk et al., 1982). Tolmetin, indomethacin and salicylic acid do not bind to either of these sites (Wanwimolruk & Birkett, 1982). Competitive binding experiments between tolmetin and indomethacin indicate that these drugs bind to distinct sites on HSA (Wanwimolruk & Birkett, 1982). A comparison of the thermodynamic binding parameters for tolmetin and salicylic acid suggests that the nature of the binding sites differs considerably (Selley et al., 1978). The binding sites for tolmetin on HSA appear to be relatively specific and it is feasible they could be altered in RA while those for warfarin, indomethacin, salicylic acid, ibuprofen and flurbiprofen are unaffected.


Battery energy storage systems (BESS) are considered a relevant flexible resource for supporting the balancing of a RES-penetrated power grid. Since their cost structure is characterized by very high capital costs, it is of utmost importance to ensure efficient and effective operations from a techno-economic perspective. The possibility of services (and revenues) stacking is one of the most discussed optimization solutions. The present work provides a novel approach for BESS modeling, including the stacking of two diverse ancillary services, a dedicated balancing market bidding model, and a state-of-charge management strategy. Fast frequency regulation is proposed as a power-based service, requiring large ramping capability, but asking BESS activation just for a limited amount of time. For the remainder, BESS power can be traded on balancing market (BM): energy-based services, such as tertiary regulation, could be effectively coupled with power-based, fast regulations, increasing the economic attractiveness of investments in BESS. The case of fast reserve (FR), a new high-speed frequency response service proposed by the Italian TSO in Italy, is assessed in this study. FR provision foresees a capacity-based remuneration (k€/MW/year) and requires to ensure 1000 hours per year of availability. After assessing its cost-effectiveness as a stand-alone service, a sequential multiservice strategy is proposed, where BESS provides FR for 1000 hours, while for the rest of the time it is dedicated to the provision of replacement reserve (RR). Performances of BESS are evaluated considering the reliability of the provision, its operational efficiency, and investment's economics. Performed tests demonstrate how, within the current Italian regulatory framework, the investment's rate of return improves thanks to the multiservice approach. In particular, while maintaining a proper reliability, the minimum acceptable remuneration from FR yearly auctions decreases by 13%; at the same time, self-dispatching of energy through BM calls reduces the need to purchase energy on day-ahead market and keeps BESS state-of-charge far from saturation regions, thus also increasing its lifetime.


In order to begin developing a base of paying licensees in the context of widespread infringement, IP owners must sometimes significantly discount licensing terms in their early negotiations – with a view that successful licenses, even at a relatively low price, will deliver value by buttressing the credibility of the IP, provide a source of cash to fund subsequent enforcement actions, and (perhaps) clarify the boundaries of the IP rights. Fuzzy IP rights and contracting difficulties pose interesting licensing and damages issues in the context of widespread infringement.


Ramanujan appears to be poised and perched between two worlds. The world in which he is born and the other which he has acquired. It then becomes very obvious that the perception of Ramanujan "is not just that of Hindu or merely an Indian in the sense that he sees only those. His perceptive eye roves wider and the limit of his perception is encompassing wider area." His perception is pluralistic absorbing other culture. This does not Point towards assimilation or integration of the others into the Indian or the Indian into the global. Ramanujan used to describe his position as "being the hyphen in Indian-American Identifying with E. M Forester's great urge to "connect" Ramanujan also makes his greatest work out of disconnections. His life's mission seems to be "to keep the dialogues and corals alive and to make something of them." His aim is to achieve a synthesis between warring cultural coordinates, "It looks as if I live between things all the time two (or more) languages, two countries, and two disciplines. In all his writing translations, critical essays or poetic compositions, there is an invisible thread which lends homogeneity to his writings. In his encounter with different cultures, Ramanujan feels "himself translated a little in each encounter" and learns "a good deal about myself and about Indian arts".


The 30 vol.% Al2O3p/Al-5.46Cu-Mg composites were fabricated by Pressure Infiltration Method for investigating aging behavior of the composites which within sub-micron Al2O3 particles. its corresponding matrix alloy was obtained by adjusted the Cu content of 2024Al. Brinell hardness test, differential scanning calorimetry(DSC) and transmission electron microscopy(TEM) were used for investigated the aging behaviors of composites and the corresponding matrix alloy. Results show that the aging behavior of the matrix alloy of Al-5.46Cu-Mg is visible and the peak-aging time put ahead with aging temperature rises. The best aging effect appears at 190°C. The addition of sub-micron alumina particles improves the thermal-diffusion activation energy of precipitates and strongly restrains the precipitation within the matrix and the G.P. zones are completely invisible. Addition of Cu content results in the increase of HBS value in the composites and the decrease of that in the matrix alloy. It is indicated that increment of Cu content results in the formation of high dense Cuvacancy pair, the decrease of density of vacancy and that of Cu atoms used for precipitation, the improvement of activation energy of G.P. zones strongly dependent on vacancy and finally the difficulty in precipitating. In the composites, a few of dislocations and some interfacial reactions are observed in the matrix alloy, which makes the precipitations finer.


Abstract Background/Aim Studies on the effects of moderate prenatal exposure to cadmium (Cd) on birth outcomes have been contradictory and it has been suggested that effects may be partly masked by sex‐specific effects. Our aim was to examine the association of Cd exposure in a large group of pregnant women with birth outcomes in the whole group of participants and by sex. Methods Pregnant women were enrolled in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). Whole blood samples for singleton pregnancies with a live birth were analysed for Cd (n = 4191). Data collected on the infants included anthropometric variables and gestational age at delivery. Data were analysed using SPSS v18. Results There were adverse associations of maternal blood Cd level with birthweight (unstandardized B coefficient −62.7 g, 95% CI −107.0, −18.4) and crown–heel length (−0.28 cm, 95% CI −0.48, −0.07) in adjusted regression models. On stratification by sex, maternal blood Cd level was adversely associated with birthweight (−87.1 g, 95% CI −144.8, −29.4), head circumference (−0.22 cm, 95% CI −0.39, −0.04), and crown–heel length (−0.44 cm, 95% CI −0.71, −0.18) in girls but not in boys in adjusted regression models. Conclusion In these pregnant women with moderate prenatal Cd exposure there evidence of adverse associations with birth anthropometry variables in the whole group. However, there was evidence of associations with anthropometric variables in girls that were not evident in boys. Sex‐specific effects require further investigation in large cohorts as a possible contributor to the lack of associations generally found in mixed‐sex studies.


Swedish early modern non-commissioned officers where not exclusively recruited from the peasantry that made up the bulk of the soldiery. Before the Great Nordic War about half of the NCO corps was ...


ROBERTS, NATHAN ANDREW. Tapping History: Retrojection, Bridging, and Invented Tradition by North Carolina Craft Brewers (Under the Direction of Dr. Michaela DeSoucey) The growth of the American craft beer market in the past decade offers an exemplary case for examining how localization occurs as a social and contextual process. Although Watson's (2014a) analysis for the Brewers Association stated that breaking the 3,000 mark for the number of craft brewers in the United States represented a return to the local, there is more to localization than simply where firms are located. This research examines the case of the craft beer market in the Triangle region of North Carolina to understand how localizing markets deal with limited state-level heritage and brewing traditions. Utilizing qualitative methods and drawing upon prior research, I identify strategies for localization. These include: (1) creating a group brewing identity; (2) creating heritage by revising, writing and bridging history; and (3) traditions of invention (Paxson 2013). The use of heritage and traditions represent novel uses of the past, which draw upon retrojection (Berger and Luckmann 1966) of current meanings and understandings into the past, to compel ostensible alignment with the present. Brewers tap histories to localize their products. © Copyright 2017 Nathan A. Roberts All Rights Reserved Tapping History: Retrojection, Bridging, and Invented Tradition by North Carolina Craft Brewers by Nathan Andrew Roberts A thesis submitted to the Graduate Faculty of North Carolina State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science


Information technology is the core enabler for global businesses. Based on an integration of services provided by companies, virtual enterprises are built to achieve common business goals. This integration can be supported or even automated, if companies publish a standardized, sufficient description of the services they offer in a formal, computer-readable way. This paper argues that the service orientation paradigm offers a promising approach to achieve this goal, but some major aspects are currently not concerned sufficiently. Therefore, this paper introduces a model for enriched service description that goes beyond technical interface specifications as known from Web services by including Quality of Services properties. The Quality of Services model will be integrated in the general service model. We illustrate the usability of the model by sketching scenarios with examples like automated discovery, substitution and optimized composition of services to support service oriented processes.