Carbon nanotube was used as an additive in 10# machine oil. The effect of the carbon nanotube as the additive on the contact fatigue behavior of an SAE5210SAE5210 steel pair was investigated. Thus the lubricants to be tested were prepared by dispersing selected mass fraction of the nanotubes into the 10# machine oil in the presence of ultrasonic vibration. The contact fatigue behavior of the steel pair lubricated with the base oil and the additivedoped base oil was examined on a ballonrod fatigue tester. The pitcorroded surface of the steel pair was analyzed by means of scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometry, while the action mechanisms of the carbon nanotubes were discussed with respect to particle adsorption model and particulate fillingup model. It was found that the carbon nanotubes as the additive in the 10# machine oil contributed to significantly increase the fatigue life of the steelsteel pair. This was attributed to the ball bearing rolling effect of the carbon nanotube and their entrapment in the cracks of the steel, which functioned to reduce the friction and restrain the crack propagation, respectively, and hence to improve the contact fatigue performance of the steelsteel pair. Moreover, the steelsteel pair had almost the same fatigue life under the lubrication of the base oil containing 1wt.% or 3wt.% carbon nanotubes, which might be related to the saturated adsorption of the nanotubes on the sliding steel surface or in the pitcorroded cracks of the steel surface.


Provides an apparatus and method for location update of the mobile station in idle mode in a communication system, the mobile station transmits a ranging request message requesting location update to a base station, the ranging response message from the base station It receives and checks whether downlink traffic for its own device (downlink traffic) is generated, confirms the occurrence of the downlink traffic, re-enter the network. The base station receives a ranging request message from the mobile station, performs a location update procedure, the incoming No. confirms whether generated for the mobile station includes information indicating the presence or absence of occurrence of the incoming No. generating a ranging response message, and transmits the ranging response message to the mobile station. .FIELD 4


In this study, we developed a data warehouse (DW) system for tuition-fee-level management for higher education institutions (HEI) in Indonesia. The system was developed to provide sufficient information to the administrators for decision making of tuition fees of applicants by integrating multisource data. A simple but sufficient method was introduced using the open-source following the business requirements of HEI's administrator. As a business intelligence (BI) approach, four procedures are applied e.g., preparation, integration, analysis, and visualization to construct a tuition-fee-level management system. The DW demonstrate four basic dimensions (faculty, year, entrant type, and tuition fee level) in all seven dimensions and three data regarding applicants, tuition fee level, and payment status. Analytical results were tuition fee level trends, top five faculty by applicants, and fees collected from the student trends. Those analysis results were presented in various charts and graphics contained at a dashboard of tuition fee level, which has many functions to provide insight relative to the business performance. The DW system described in this paper can be used as a guideline for tuition-fee-level management for HEIs in Indonesia.


This article gives a present status of-thecraftsmanship outline of a hot subject in the writing, to be specific vibration-based energy collecting procedures, which incorporates hypothesis, displaying techniques, and executions of piezoelectric, electromagnetic, and electrostatic methodologies. The energy gathering technique dependent on vibrations has been a unique space of examination interest as of late, fully intent on diminishing the requirement for outside power sources and upkeep for electric gadgets, for example, remote sensor organizations. The power yield execution of current energy reaping strategies is seriously affected by the reverberation frequencies of natural vibrations, which are regularly eccentric and wideband. Analysts have zeroed in on making effective energy collectors by taking on clever materials and improving reaping gadgets to resolve this issue. In particular, different sorts of energy collectors have been created in view of nonlinear highlights with the goal that the recurrence data transfer capacity for effective energy reaping of energy gatherers might be extended. This article covers three of the main vibration-to-power change systems in the writing, just as their plan hypothesis or procedures and potential applications. The energy transformation productivity of different change strategies is likewise summed up as one of the vital factors to assess the power yield execution. At last, the troublesome issues dependent on current strategies and future energy gathering prerequisites are tended to.


This paper discusses three new issues about priority building of project cost, the first one is whether the credit during execution period could be assigned; second, whether the subrogation applicable and whether the parties may agree to give up this right. It is pointed out that construction contract claims are special compare with other credit, the priority is exclusive to the contractor.


The C-13 and Si-29 NMR signals of ligand atoms directly bonded
to TII or Pb-II heavy-element centers are predicted to resonate
at very high frequencies, up to 400 ppm for C-13 and over 1000
ppm for Si-29, outside the typical experimental NMR
chemical-shift ranges for a given type of nuclei. The large
C-13 and Si-29 NMR chemical shifts are ascribed to sizable
relativistic spin-orbit effects, which can amount to more than
200 ppm for C-13 and more than 1000 ppm for Si-29, values
unexpected for diamagnetic compounds of the main group
elements. The origin of the vast spin-orbit contributions to
the C-13 and Si-29 NMR shifts is traced to the highly efficient
6p -> 6p* metal-based orbital magnetic couplings and related to
the 6p orbital-based bonding together with the low-energy gaps
between the occupied and virtual orbital subspaces in the
subvalent TII and Pb-II compounds. New NMR spectral regions for
these compounds are suggested based on the fully relativistic
density functional theory calculations in the Dirac-Coulomb
framework carefully calibrated on the experimentally known NMR
data for TII and Pb-II complexes.


Firstly, the glass substrate to be-silvered is cleaned, then the mercaptosilane coupling agent capable of chemically-coupling and combining with glass is assembled on the glass substrate to form the mercaptosilane molecule layer, and finally the said mercaptosilane molecule layer is silvered so as to form silvered layer. This invention possesses the advantages of extensive application, and firm and uniform silvered layer.


Objective Denaturing high performance liquid chromatography assay(DHPLC) was used to detect promoter methylation of ZHX2 gene in primary liver cancer,so as to further explore the relationship between promoter methylation of ZHX2 gene with clinical and pathological features of hepatocellular carcinoma.Methods Methylated DNA in vitro and human placenta DNA were methylated and nonmethylated control groups respectively.By bisulfite-DHPLC technology,DHPLC method was established to analyze promoter methylation of ZHX2.Under the conditions of partially denatured temperature at 55 ℃,promoter methylation of ZHX2 gene was detected.And 24 cases of HCC and adjacent liver tissues and 6 normal liver tissue samples were detected.Results DHPLC analysis to promoter methylation ZHX2 was established.Using this method,no methylation was detected in normal liver tissue samples,3 adjacent tissue(16.6%) had methylation,11 cases were detected methylation in 24 HCCs.Conclusions DHPLC method is first established to detect promoter methylation of ZHX2 gene in liver tissue,which gives the foundation for further research the relationship between ZHX2 gene and development of liver cancer.


Remote offloading techniques have been proposed to overcome the limited resources of mobile platforms by leveraging external powerful resources such as personal work-stations or cloud servers. Prior studies have primarily focused on core mechanisms for offloading. Yet, adaptive scheduling in such systems is important because offloading effectiveness can be influenced by varying network conditions, workload requirements, and load at the target device. In this paper, we present a study on the feasibility of applying machine learning techniques to address the adaptive scheduling problem in mobile offloading framework. The study considers 19 different machine learning algorithms and four workloads, with a dataset obtained through the deployment of an Android-based remote offloading framework prototype on actual mobile and cloud resources. From this set, a subset of machine learning algorithms, which have relatively high scheduling accuracy, is selected to implement an offline offloading scheduler. Finally, by taking computational cost and the scheduling performance into account, we use Instance-Based Learning to evaluate an online adaptive scheduler for mobile offloading. In our evaluation, we observe that an Instance Learning-based online offloading scheduler selects the best scheduling decision in 87.5% instances, in an experiment setup in which an image processing workload is offloaded while subject to varying network bandwidth conditions and the amount of data transfer.


The present invention provides a method for paging optimization, in which a method is applied to the HeNB GW deployment scenarios, including: if the network is configured with the LIPA paging optimization, the MME transmits a paging message to the HeNB GW carries the corresponding bearer LIPA HeNB ID. According to the present invention, can be optimized to achieve the LIPA paging applied to the HeNB GW deployment scenario, or R-11 in support of the network structure.


In migrating workflow system, process fragmentation is to partition a process into a set of sub-processes which can be allocated to the migrating instances for the process execution. Due to the distributed and constrained workplace resource, process fragmentation needs take the execution environment into consideration. In addition, the balanced granularity of the fragmentation also need to be taken into account so as to cater for the applications in which each migrating instance is generated with a balanced executing ability. This paper proposes a two-phase approach to the process partitioning. First, we abstract the process resource allocation as a multi-objective combinatorial optimization problem and present a particle swarm optimization algorithm for the solution of the problem. And then, based on the mapping relationship between the tasks and the available resources, we propose a task clustering algorithm to generate the set of sub-processes with balanced granularity. Simulation experiment results show the effectiveness and feasibility of the fragmentation approach.


Performance analysis plays an essential role in achieving a scalable performance of applications on massively parallel supercomputers equipped with thousands of processors. This paper is an empirical investigation to study, in depth, the performance of two of the most common High-Performance Computing architectures in the world. IBM has developed three generations of Blue Gene supercomputers—Blue Gene/L, P, and Q—that use, at a large scale, low-power processors to achieve high performance. Better CPU core efficiency has been empowered by a higher level of integration to gain more parallelism per processing element. On the other hand, the Intel Xeon Phi coprocessor armed with 61 on-chip x86 cores, provides high theoretical peak performance, as well as software development flexibility with existing high-level programming tools. We present an extensive evaluation study of the performance peaks and scalability of these two modern architectures using SPEC OMP benchmarks.


The main purpose of this paper is to determine an impact of international trade, mainly the exports on the GDP growth in the Republic of Croatia in the period between 2001 and 2010. The paper analyses the influence of the exports of goods on the real GDP growth. The results show that the exports of goods have the lowest positive contribution to the GDP growth rate in the Republic of Croatia in comparison to other countries in the region. The paper explores the level of international trade of goods, imports dependency, exports propensity, degree of openness and involvement of the Republic of Croatia in the international trade of goods. The paper indicates that for the growth and development of the Croatian economy it is necessary not only to increase the exports but also to stress the importance on exports with a higher value added.


Abstract: In contrast to the Antitrinitarians of the neighboring Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the Antitrinitarian Anabaptists in the Kingdom of Poland mostly adopted nonresistance as part of their religious faith. An exception was Marcin Krowicki, a leading minister of the Antitrinitarian Minor Church, which had split from the main Calvinist denomination in 1565. Shortly before his death in 1573 Krowicki composed, in the form of a letter, a short defense of the anti-nonresistant position. This was later published by a "Lithuanian" Antitrinitarian writer, Szymon Budny, in his polemical work against nonresistance of 1583. Like Budny, Krowicki gave equal weight to the Hebrew Bible and the New Testament in determining the conduct of "true Christians," whereas the nonresistants believed that, for "the faithful," the New Testament had superseded the Law and the Prophets. In this letter, Krowicki argues that the "the office of magistrate" is entirely compatible with membership in a Christian congregation. ********** From the time of the first Polish interregnum of 1572-73 a prolonged controversy over the sword had unfolded among the Antitrinitarians of the religiously tolerant Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. It continued, with intervals, until the Antitrinitarians were finally driven into exile in 1658-61; even thereafter, echoes of former debates on this issue could be detected among the emigre Polish Brethren in the Netherlands, where most of them had settled. (1) In the aftermath of the Antitrinitarian Minor Church's split from the main body of Polish Calvinists in 1565, supporters of nonresistance had predominated among the Brethren living in Little Poland (Malopolska), whereas in the state's northeastern borderlands, forming the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, most Brethren still adhered to a traditional social ideology and considered war and the magistracy, as well as the prevailing social order of serfdom, to be compatible with Christian discipleship. The division on this issue did not run along ethnic lines, for the "Lithuanian" Brethren were drawn almost exclusively from persons of Polish or polonized stock. (2) But in the Grand Duchy, members of the aristocracy played a predominant role in the Antitrinitarian Church that was denied them in Little Poland. There, ministers of plebeian background--most of them advocates of Anabaptism and a socially radical ideology that included nonresistance--took the lead, at least at the beginning of the sect's development. Rakow in Little Poland then became the center of the new sect's social radicalism; at the end of the 1560s the radicals had even begun a short-lived experiment in communal living at Rakow that disgusted the socially conservative Antitrinitarians, especially those in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The earliest extant defense of the anti-nonresistant position in the Polish language came from the pen of Marcin Krowicki, at that time Antitrinitarian minister at Piaski near Lublin in central Poland, and not from the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, thus illustrating the existence of minority viewpoints in the Antitrinitarian communities in both halves of the Commonwealth. Krowicki's apologia took the form of a letter addressed to another Polish Brother who was also supporting the anti-nonresistant position, and was sent in late 1573 shortly before Krowicki's death. The letter has survived because the "Lithuanian" Antitrinitarian theologian Szymon Budny inserted its text in his treatise On the Sword-Bearing Magistracy, published at losk in 1583 at the expense of a sympathetic nobleman of the Grand Duchy. (3) Doubtless Budny, a vigorous opponent of the Anabaptist nonresistants in Little Poland, was glad to include support for his viewpoint from a highly respected leader of the Polish Brethren. Krowicki seems to have been of noble origin. Among other works, he was the author of a lengthy but now forgotten defense--in the Polish language--of Protestant doctrine, which was directed against attacks from the Catholic side. …


Selective laser trabeculoplasty decreases the intraocular pressure effectively in patients with I-II-III stages of POAG within the first 3 months. Mean IOP reduction is 4.0 mm Hg. The efficacy of SLT by the sixth month follow-up is registered in 100% of patients with I stage, in 77.3% of patients with II stage and in 64% of patients with III stage of POAG. Decreasing the IOP, SLT improves visual acuity, increases retinal sensitivity and exerts a neuroprotective effect on optic disc, slowing down its further lesion.SLT is a rather effective and safe method of IOP reduction in patients with I-II stages of POAG with not so high initial IOP level regardless of the stage of trabecula meshwork pigmentation. In patients with severe somatic disease with III stage of POAG SLT can serve an alternative to surgical intervention.


In 2015, Italian manufacturing grew at rates comparable to German manufacturing, while services performance was three times poorer. This paper investigates to what extent such gaps are also due to: a) differences in the structures of inter-industry relationships, b) the ability to convey the impulse coming from manufacturing, and c) the ability to transmit efficiency across the system. Our perspective is twofold. Firstly, by applying network analysis to WIOD tables, we compare Italian and German business structures and evaluate their different capacity of activation. Secondly, a firm-level estimation of technical efficiency, combined with spatial econometrics, is used to assess the role of the inter-industry relationships in activating efficiency spillovers. Our results show that in Italy relationships between manufacturing and services are less dense than in Germany, so that the capacity of stimulating business services is lower too. Moreover, we find that business services are on average more efficient than manufacturing, and the efficiency mainly flows from the supplier sector to the buyer one. In this context, a serious bottleneck emerges for the Italian economy, which weakens the capacity of business services to grow and has negative feedbacks on the efficiency of manufacturing.


In this article we will analyze the forms and methods of state support of aviation industry in Russia and abroad by two examples: a simple and the airline is much more complex aircraft industry


Abstract The enthalpy changes, Δ H , in suspensions of Li–, Na–, and K–montmorillonite were determined as functions of the molal concentrations of LiCl, NaCl, and KCl, respectively, by microcalorimetry. These changes were compared with the corresponding changes in interlayer distance, λ, as determined by X-ray diffraction. It was found that Δ H values accompanying the collapse of the montmorillonite layers from λ > 14 nm to λ ≅ 1.0 nm (or 0.6 nm for K–montmorillonite) were essentially negligible; however, Δ H values accompanying the collapse of layers of Li– and Na–montmorillonite from λ ≅ 1.0 nm (three-water-layer hydrate) to λ ≅ 0.6 nm (two-water-layer hydrate), and the collapse of layers of K–montmorillonite from λ ≅ 0.6 nm (two-water-layer hydrate) to λ ≅ 0.3 nm (one-water-layer hydrate), were not negligible. No additional collapse of Li– and Na–montmorillonite layers occurred after λ ≅ 0.6 nm, and for K–montmorillonite layers after λ ≅ 0.3 nm, but Δ H continued to change with increasing salt addition. This change was attributed to the penetration of electrolyte into the interlayer space. A notable observation was that the value of Δ H was positive for Li–montmorillonite, but negative for Na– and K–montmorillonite. These observations were interpreted to mean that Δ H changes in the montmorillonite suspension were largely attributable to reorganization of the interlayer space by the added electrolytes.


In 60 years,at the worst period the relation between China and Soviets,the two countries bound- ary region appeared serious military conflicts,and had a lot of the same benefits supplement.The two countries not only avoided the explosion of the war,but also built up the multifarious contacts.The improvement of two countries relation is the understanding each other through negotiation,and infusion the limited and valuable fac- tors to relax the relation of China and Soviets.


Women with urodynamic stress incontinence (USI) have lower opening and closing detrusor pressures than women without USI. This study was undertaken to determine whether a change occurs in opening and closing detrusor pressures after colposuspension, whether cure is associated with change, and whether age influences cure.


This paper considers a possibility of improving the pendulous accelerometer control quality parameters. A state-feedback controller based on linear matrix inequalities is synthesized. Invariant ellipsoids for stability zone limitation are found. A linear-quadratic regulator with the quality cost function is based on design parameters. A method of using invariant ellipsoids to determine the quality cost function of the linear-quadratic regulator is considered. The results of the transient process mathematical simulations with specific force 1g for each of the controllers are presented.


In 2019-2021 In laboratory conditions and in the apple orchards of the Aragatsotn region, strains of bacteria BTAM-1 and BTAM-2 were tested against caterpillars of younger ages of the mountain ringed silkworm, both individually and in separate combinations with the chemical drug Vayego in sub lethal doses. The tested variants against phytophagous caterpillars showed high biological efficiency.


In the discussions in Parts II and III (IIASA WP-75-82 and WP-75-83), several commands and their mnemonics were invented. This was done as occasion required without any overall description of style or extent. Before proceeding with further discussions of possible network facilities and features, it seems appropriate to define a more comprehensive set of commands in a consistent manner.


This is a volume of new essays investigating Kleist's influences and sources both literary and philosophical, their role as paradigms, and the ways in which he responded to and often shattered them.


Abstract This study investigates real earnings management in family firms and further examines the moderating effects of the independence and compensation of directors. Based on a sample of 106 non-financial public listed firms over 5 years in Saudi Arabia, the empirical results show that family firms are positively linked to real earnings management. This result supports the entrenchment hypothesis that family firms have lower earnings quality due to manipulation in real activities. Further, we found evidence that the proportion of independent directors and the compensation paid to directors both interacted in family firms to reduce real earnings management. Our findings suggest that increasing the proportion of independent directors and paying higher compensation to directors are one workable way for family firms to mitigate their real earnings management behaviour.


Silica diagenesis has the potential to drastically change the physical and fluid flow properties of its host strata and therefore plays a key role in the development of sedimentary basins. The specific processes involved in silica diagenesis are, however, still poorly explained by existing models. This knowledge gap is addressed by investigating the effect of silica diagenesis on the porosity of Cenozoic mudstones of the North Viking Graben, northern North Sea through a multiple linear regression analysis. First, we identify and quantify the mineralogy of these rocks by scanning electron microscopy and X‐ray diffraction, respectively. Mineral contents and host rock porosity data inferred from wireline data of two exploration wells are then analyzed by multiple linear regressions. This robust statistical analysis reveals that biogenic opal‐A is a significant control and authigenic opal‐CT is a minor influence on the porosity of these rocks. These results suggest that the initial porosity of siliceous mudstones increases with biogenic opal‐A production during deposition and that the porosity reduction during opal‐A/CT transformation results from opal‐A dissolution. These findings advance our understanding of compaction, dewatering, and lithification of siliceous sediments and rocks. Moreover, this study provides a recipe for the derivation of the key controls (e.g., composition) on a rock property (e.g., porosity) that can be applied to a variety of problems in rock physics.


New developments in technology have the potential to change experiences of living with breast cancer (BC). Our project, 'A Shared Space and a Space for Sharing', explored people's experiences of interacting with an online health forum (OHF) provided by the UK-based charity, Breast Cancer Care (BCC). This editorial is based on findings from this study, from research literature, from knowledge gained from working with BCC to develop resources, and by running engagement events for the public and health professionals.


Objective To evaluate the analgesic effect of tramadol combined with fentanyl for severe burn injury dress changing.Methods All of 210 cases with severe burn injury were randomly divided into A,B,C group with 70 cases in each were respectively given tramadol and fentanyl by separate or combined way.Results The VAS scores of A and B group were significantly higher than C group in each dress changing time point and after 30min(P0.05).The HR,SBP,DBP of A and B group were significantly higher thanC group in dress changing began and 5min(P0.05).Conclusion The analgesia of tramadol combined with fentanyl for severe burn injury dress changing is safe and effective.


ALTHOUGH, as Duke-Elder has remarked, ophthalmology has had its period of intensive ophthalmoscopic investigation and its histological phase, and must now look for greater advances in the fields of bio-physics and bio-chemistry, we must admit that our knowledge of the normal and pathological histology of the fundus oculi is far from complete and still calls for a good deal of expansion and clarification. We frequently remind ourselves that the ophthalmologist enjoys the privilege of being in the position to study, in the living state, the retina-an extension of the brain-and its blood vessels-an important part of the peripheral circulation, closely related to the intracranial, renal and other vessels. But these facilities are perhaps not employed as fully or as systematically as they might be, for the purpose of correlating ophthalmoscopic appearances with histological findings. The limitations of our knowledge in this field are shown by the continued use of a nomenclature of eye diseases based on faulty ideas of their pathology. In our practice and teaching we are constantly under the necessity of interpreting the details of the ophtlialmoscopic picture, normal or pathological, in terms of the structures which contribute to that picture; but, glancing over the field as a whole, it is surprising to find in how few instances we have unequivocal proof of the histological conditions represented by the ophthalmoscopic picture and of the pathological processes that have led up to them. The ophthalmoscope has been in use for ninety years, with a steady advance in its design and in its capacity for revealing detail, while the resources of histological technique have enormously increased; yet, the two aspects have been, and still are, to some extent un-co-ordinated. The achievement of valuable results in this field demahds certain conditions which are not easily fulfilled. It is desirable 1. That the fundus should be examined by every available method and that the detailed description of the fundus under such conditions should be supported by accurate drawings or photographs, and by careful measurement of the size and position of the structures or lesions under investigation. Microscopic identification of the actual lesion is most important, but it is usually 480


While there has been research into the ways some aspects of organizational communication may influence job satisfaction, it has not been comprehensive, and very little work has been conducted in schools. This study investigates the influences of a comprehensive range of aspects of organizational communication on job satisfaction of school staff. Participants in the study were 1,575 staff members from schools across Australia. A questionnaire survey was the primary instrument. Data were analyzed using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses to validate constructs and multiple regression analyses, followed by structural equation modeling, to investigate effects. A 10 factor model of aspects of organizational communication and six-factor model of job satisfaction dimensions were identified and validated. Multiple regression analyses revealed that all 10 aspects of organizational communication have associations with job satisfaction. However, structural equation modeling revealed five aspects of organizational communication, to do with openness, support-giving, principal direction, and participation in decision making to have the most important effects on job satisfaction. This study contributes to our knowledge of communication by confirming a 10-factor model of organizational communication that can be used in other research. Implications for practice include the need for school leadership to foster open communication and facilitate school climates that encourage supportiveness, democracy, and collegial direction.


Background: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is one of the main vector-borne diseases infecting humans. It remains a major public health problem in tropical and sub-tropical regions around the world. The poor physical and social environment are the leading cause of the increasing incidence of DHF. This study aimed to determine the effect of the physical and social environment on dengue incidence using multilevel analysis. Subjects and Method: This was an analytic a case-control study conducted in Bantul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, from November to December 2018. A total of 250 study subjects were selected using the fix disease sampling method. The dependent variable was the incidence of DHF. The independent variables were Maya Index (MI), Density Figure (DF), household crowding, knowledge, mosquito nests eradication, and use of mosquito repellent. The data were collected using a questionnaire. The data were analyzed by using multilevel multiple logistic regression with Stata 13. Results: The incidence of dengue fever was increased with high Maya index (OR= 5.04; 95% CI= 2.38 to 10.67; p <0.001), high density figure (OR= 4.01; 95% CI= 1.90 to 8.44; p <0.001), high household crowding (OR= 1.90; 95% CI= 0.91 to 3.95; p= 0.870), low knowledge (OR= 2.94; 95% CI= 1.41 to 6.12; p= 0.004), poor mosquito nests eradication behavior (OR= 3.09; 95% CI= 1.47 to 6.49; p= 0.003), did not use insect repellent (OR= 3.06; 95% CI= 0.01 to 0.10; p <0.001). Village strata had contextual effect toward the incidence of DHF with Intra-Class Correlation (ICC) by 17.34%. Conclusion: Maya Index, density household crowding, knowledge, mosquito nests eradication behavior, and the use of mosquito repellents affect the incidence of DHF. Village strata have a contextual effect on DHF incidence.


Rivularia auriculata is dioecious. Male genital organs consist of testis, vas deferens mi- nor, vesicular seminalis, vas deferens, prostate gland and penis. There are two types of spermatozoa in the tesits, viz. normal spermatozoa and abnormal spermatozca. The normal spermatozoon is 4 uniflagellated cell with screwy head. Its central structure is a "9+2"ax- oneme. There are many granular hollows in the surface of its middle-piece region and the number of flagella comprising its tail tuft varies from 8-15. Males are readily identified by the stout right tentacle which is modified as penis. Female genital organs consist of ovary, oviduct, afferent seminal groove, uterus, vagina and albumen gland. Ovary is a small tubular structure. There is an utero-longitudinal fold in the uterus.


Collagen gel tissue-equivalents (TEs), which are simple model tissues with tunable properties, have been used to explore many properties of soft tissues, such as how structural and compositional properties affect mechanical function [1–4]. One aspect not captured in previous TE formulations is residual stress due to interactions among components, which has an important functional role in many tissues (e.g., blood vessels [5], ligaments [6], annulus fibrosus [7]). Since the in vivo stress state of native tissues is not easily replicated in TE fabrication, a different method for "pre-stressing" collagen networks of TEs was necessary. To this end, co-gel TEs were fabricated by adding hyaluronic acid (HA) to reconstituted Type-I collagen (Col) gels. When placed in solutions of varying osmolarity, HA-Col TEs swell as the HA binds water, which in turn will stretch (and stress) the collagen network. In this way, TEs with residual stress (i.e., pre-stressed collagen fibers) can be fabricated and evaluated in order to elucidate relationships between residual stress and functional properties. Therefore, the goals of the present study were to fabricate HA-Col TEs, make initial measurements of their swelling properties, and quantify the mechanical response and changes in microstructural organization under applied tensile load.Copyright © 2013 by ASME


The aim of the study was to investigate the dominant and preferred organisational culture at a higher education institution in South Africa and how organisational culture influences the organisational behaviour. The study employed a quantitative research design and 30 employees were randomly selected from two groups of non-academic and academic staff members of a selected school at the institution. A structured questionnaire was utilised to solicit information regarding the dominant and preferred organisational culture at the institution from the participants. The Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS) version 2013 was used to determine the preferred and existing culture through mean scores. The results revealed that a role culture was dominant in the institution whilst employees preferred a support culture. The study further revealed that organisational culture has a significant impact on numerous organisational processes, employees as well as organisational performance. In addition, the results showed that if employees have shared norms and are supported by the organisation, they can increase their performance towards achieving overall organisational goals. Thus, from the findings, the study recommends policy makers and decision makers in organisations to adopt support culture through providing support to their employees to achieve both personal and organisational goals.


The purpose of the research is to examine deeply how new financial accounting standards of micro, small and medium enterprises (SAK EMKM) can be accepted and implemented by micro, small and medium entreprisesin South Sulawesi.The results of this implementation review will produce an overview of how the entrepreneurs react to the emergence of the new SAK EMKM.Research method conducted is to conduct a survey of 40 entities by conducting interviews in-depth and displaying the results of the interviews in the form of an implementation of the object in the in curating Financial statements.Results showed that most of the accounting records performed are very simple in the form of daily accounting records (journals) and even most have not to conduct minimal accounting records such as daily journals. Only one small entity performs complete accounting records in the form of a full financial statement.


The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of calcium, magnesium, and zinc on cariogenic biofilm formation and their interaction with bacterial EPS. This was evaluated using two S. mutans strains and different carbohydrates (glucose, sucrose and fructose).

Different combinations of carbohydrates and ions were investigated for their effect on the biofilm formation on hydroxyapatite disks by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Moreover, exopolysaccharides were purified and their affinity to the ions was measured by isothermal titration calorimetry.

The biofilm formation of S. mutans clinical isolate was almost eliminated in the presence of Zn2+ and promoted by Ca2+, while adhesion seems to be more inhibited by Ca2+ and Mg2+ for S. mutans type strain. The EPS of cilincal isolate had a higher binding affinity towards calcium and magnesium than the type strain.

There seems to be a fine balance between these ions that needs to be maintained as excessive concentrations of one or another destroy the balance between the three.


Qur'an takes seriously the issue of poverty alleviation. Hence, the Government and BAZNAS also prioritize poverty alleviation with various efforts and programs. According to Statistics Indonesia or Badan Pusat Statistic (BPS), the percentage of Indonesia's poverty population in one year (March 2020-March 2021) increased by 0.36% or as many as 1,120,000 people. According to this issue, BAZNAS successfully alleviates poverty by 28,859 people within one year. The data shows the lack of absorption of poverty alleviation programs in Indonesia. This research aims to investigate how government and BAZNAS alleviate poverty in Indonesia. This investigation uses a qualitative approach with literature studies and descriptive analysis techniques. This present study also identifies the solutions in the Qur'an to the government and BAZNAS in alleviating poverty. Based on the analysis, the findings in this study indicate that the role of the government and BAZNAS in alleviating poverty has not been integrated. The achievements obtained are less than optimal and tend to be ineffective. Qur'an offered three psychological solutions; mental reconstruction in alleviating natural poverty, collective philanthropic movements in alleviating cultural poverty, and harmonization of government programs and BAZNAS in alleviating structural poverty.


Shot peening and diamond pressing are cold working processes available for modifying surface properties of metals, thus, making a comparison between them in terms of improvement the surface integrity is especially crucial. This paper reports the results of experimental study of different pressing and peening variables on surface roughness, microhardness, and microstructure of heat treated alloy steel (D2): namely, pressing force and feed rate, and shot peening air pressure, stand-off distance, and exposure time. The results showed that diamond pressing could increase the surface hardness under the selected specified conditions by 62%, whereas a slight improvement, when compared with diamond pressing, could be achieved by shot peening (about 70%). Contrary to shot peening, diamond pressing significantly improves the smoothness of the steel surfaces. Average peening treatment was result in roughness of 2.2 μm to 3.6 μm, whereas the obtained by diamond pressing average roughness was ranged from 0.1 μm to 0.26 μm.


Irvine (2008) presented a very interesting paper arising from an investigation of the state of the foundations and sub-floor structures of typical houses in Wellington City. The investigation had indicated that in a large proportion of timber houses in Wellington these building sub-elements were very deficient in terms of earthquake resistance posing a significant risk to these houses if a major earthquake were to occur. The paper described an analysis of the relative costs and benefits of upgrading the deficient foundations and sub-floor systems to meet NZS3604:1999 if the buildings were to be subjected to a simulated M7.5 earthquake on the Wellington fault. The analysis included both direct losses to buildings and contents as well as indirect costs such as the provision of emergency services, temporary accommodation and costs of injuries and loss of life. Assuming a 50 year average dwelling life the authors produced estimated benefit/cost ratios for different annual risks of the simulated Wellington fault earthquake. From their results it could be concluded that in terms of direct losses the benefits would only outweigh the costs if the annual probability of an earthquake was greater than about 0.3% , but if indirect costs are taken into account the overall benefits would outweigh the costs for an annual probability of earthquake greater than about 0.1%. The paper raises significant issues about the costs and benefits of mitigation. Like many such investigations of the benefits and costs of making changes, either to existing buildings or to design codes in respect of new buildings, it is only concerned with the overall risk of loss to society as a whole without consideration of how these risks are borne, and who would pay for the upgrading and who would benefit from them. This is very important when it comes to deciding who should pay for the upgrading and what incentives should be given for doing it. If A is expected to pay for it and B gets the benefit there will be a disincentive for A to do it, irrespective of any overall benefit to the greater society. By focussing only on the costs and losses it also neglects the significance of insurance in the overall analysis. There are costs associated with insurance which the property owner pays through an annual premium which effectively increase the lifetime costs of buildings. In return the property owner is effectively guaranteed that any damage will be repaired and the costs refunded including replacement as new if major damage occurs – ie the owner will actually benefit from the loss if the building is old, which is one reason why insurers have problems with arson in respect of old buildings. The main risk carriers are the insurance companies, the reinsurance companies to whom insurance companies cede most of their earthquake risk, and the New Zealand Government, for which read the New Zealand taxpayer, in respect of the indirect costs. In general the benefits are likely to be shared in some way among all these, plus the owner if the premium is reduced.


Background: Malnutrition affects physical growth, morbidity, and mortality of the under-five children. It is an underlying factor in many diseases for children and is particularly prevalent in developing countries, where it affects one out of every three preschool-age children.
Aims and Objectives: The aims of this study were to find out the relationship between protein-energy malnutrition and other morbidities among under-five children.
Materials and Methods: Community-based prospective longitudinal study was conducted in 1 year duration in a rural area of Hooghly District, West Bengal. By adopting sample size calculation formula 4 pq/L2, total 108 children were participated in the study. With the help of pre-design, pre-tested schedule data were collected by interviewing the care giver, by clinical and anthropometry examination of the children and by record review.
Results: Among the study population under-weight, stunted, and wasted were 52%, 37%, and 28%, respectively, whereas malnutrition by all types of classification was 61%. Episode of diarrhea, acute respiratory infections (ARI), and worm infestation were 3.50, 4.12, and 1.38/child/year, respectively. Study shows that rate of total morbidities and prevalence of malnutrition was very much interrelated.
Conclusion: Prevalence of malnutrition along with diarrhea, ARI, and worm infestations is common ailments among rural population. Special emphasis should be given for provision of health-care services and promotion and protection of optimal infant feeding practices for the improvement of nutritional as well as health status of the children.


One of derivatives of selenoylpodophyllotoxin was synthesized with reduce method.The reactive condition was temperate,the raw material had no toxicity and the output was high.The derivative was the same as target molecule identified through IR,~1HNMR,~(13)CNMR and EI-MS.


Bibliography and reviews. Mauz Friedrich. Die Prognostik der endogenen Psychosen. 121 Seiten. Verlag Georg Thieme. Leipzig. 1930. Preis RM. 7.50. Endogenous psychoses, the prognostics of which Friedrich Mauz studies in his book, are a group of schizophrenias and manic-depressive psychosis. Accordingly, the book falls into two parts. In schizophrenia, in terms of prognosis, it is very important to know whether we are dealing with a 'schizophrenic catastrophe44 or a schizophrenic attack. In a schizophrenic catastrophe, we have cases with rapid, violent, predominantly continuous decay. Here the process lasts 3-4 years and leads to the final dementia.


The seed germination and seedling growth of Sophora flavescens were studied under different concentrations of NaCl stress in this paper.The results showed that compared to the control treatment,both the germination potential and germination percentage of Sophora flavescens seeds was higher under low NaCl concentrations(5 g/L),while lower under high NaCl concentrations(7 g/L).With the increasing of NaCl concentrations,both seed germination index and vigor index of seedling were decreased gradually,meanwhile,the radicle length,hypocotyls length and seedling weight were all lower than control.NaCl solution at high concentration levels(7 g/L)obviously inhibited the seed germination of Sophora flavescens.


In the first known incidence of a mass salt poisoning of infants, the case fatality rate was 6 of 14 exposed. Five died before the situation was recognized. All five whose brains were examined at autopsy showed hemorrhagic encephalopathy consistent with previous reports of salt poisoning in humans and animals. Eleven of 14 of these infants manifested neurological symptoms. Peritoneal dialysis was attempted in four patients, three of whom survived despite severe illness in two of them. The technique proved feasible under ordinary hospital conditions and may be instrumental in the recovery of patients. Some suggestions for improvement have come from the experience.


The utility model relates to a simulation audio-visual synchronous display device, which comprises a receiving unit for receiving audio information, a corresponding unit for acquiring body images and mouse close-up images corresponding to the audio information, as well as an output unit for playing the audio information according to the corresponding unit and synchronously displaying the body images and the mouse close-up images. The receiving unit is connected with the corresponding unit, and the corresponding unit is connected with the output unit. The simulation audio-visual synchronous display device solves the problem in the prior art that only the mouse close-up images are displayed, thereby resulting in no affinity, or only human face is displayed, so that a user can not see the mouth shape clearly.


This invention relates to processes for polymerizing olefins at high pressure in a medium of high temperature polymerization using a catalyst olefin polymerization IONICO derived from the reaction of a compound of transition metal cyclopentadienyl containing HAVING A Ligand Hydride OR RENT hydrolyzable with an activator of ion exchange. IONIC CATALYST SYSTEM IS FOUND TO BE ACTIVE A TEMPERATURES CURRENTLY 160 (degrees) CO MORE TO PROVIDE PRODUCTS CAPABLE OF PRODUCING POLYMERS OF UNWANTED PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AT HIGH SPEED PRODUCTION PROCESS.


The concept and characteristics of skip ballistic missile were introduced in detail.Based on flight characteristics of a two-stage missile whose first propulsion was solid rocked motor and second propulsion was double pulse solid rocket motor,design method of a kind of flight program angle was put forward,and its exprssion was presented,then optimization model of skip ballistic missile was derived.With the given system parameters,ballistic design and optimization can perfectly improve properties of missile at the concept design stage of skip missile.The skip ballistic missile was designed and optimized comprehensively by using hybrid genetic algorithm,and design results of different projects were compared.The results show that the method is applicable to feasibility research and preliminary design for skip ballistic missile.


A 3D additive printing process has been employed recently for manufacturing a wide variety of RF components on planar and conformal structures. The designing and modeling steps require an accurate extraction at RF frequencies of the electromagnetic properties of the PLA material used for 3D printing. The broadband extraction technique is based on the best fitting of the simulated (HFSS) S-parameters to the measured (VNA) S-parameters for microstrip transmission lines of different lengths. The microstrip transmission lines are modeled and fabricated on a combination of known RT/Duriod and unknown PLA materials to extract the dielectric constant and loss tangent of the PLA material. These extracted parameters are to be employed in designing a Frequency Selective Surface. An annular ring planar structure is designed based on the desired passband and stopband frequencies.


This paper reports on the development of VIBAT-Auckland. VIBAT is a visioning and backcasting model that can help cities and regions lower their transport system's carbon footprint. VIBAT demonstrates the scale of intervention that is likely to be required across a range of policy areas in order to meet carbon emissions targets. Already developed for London, New Delhi and Victoria, British Columbia, VIBAT enables the carbon impacts of transport policy measures and urban form and planning measures to be assessed in an integrated manner, and provides the stimulus for the far-reaching 'strategic conversations' needed to break with current trends and transform urban mobility. This paper explores the potential of the VIBAT-Auckland model for extending consideration of potential policy interventions from the currently feasible to the potentially outrageous, in order to make visible the kinds of choices that would need to be made in order to reach the aspirational targets. It also considers how the model enables the more extreme policies to be considered against their potential impacts on the communities that make up the city.


Characteristic of changes of Slupia river bed course in area of Slupsk – historical view in GIS methods The work presents the changes which have taken place along the bed of the river S l upia . The analysis was made on the basis of archive materials from the years 1811, 1837 and 1870. The course of the bed was compared with the contemporary course of the river in 1997. The comparative analysis showed sections changed as a result of the expansion of settlement – regulation of the river banks. The analysis was made using GIS tools and cartographic materials.


Abstract Aims The Covid-19 pandemic has significantly impacted emergency and elective surgical activities. Multiple surgical professional bodies initially recommended appendicitis be managed conservatively or with judicious open surgery to mitigate potential risks with Covid-19 transmission. This study compares the investigation, operative findings and outcomes of patients who underwent appendicectomy before and after the National lockdown. Methods A multicentre retrospective cohort study of patients who had emergency appendicectomy in four West of Scotland hospitals between September 2019 and November 2020. Electronic records were interrogated and patients dichotomised into two groups with those presenting before the introduction of the UK National lockdown of 23rd March 2020 compared to those presenting post-lockdown. Results A total of 559 appendicectomies were performed (280 pre-lockdown and 279 post-lockdown) in four hospitals and included in the analyses. More males than females had appendicectomy in the post-lockdown period (60.6% vs 52.1%, p 0.044). Pre-operative CT scanning was performed more often post-lockdown (71.7% vs 56.8%, p < 0.001) and an open approach was adopted more frequently post-lockdown (19.0% vs 3.6%, p < 0.001). The proportion of operations for complicated appendicitis increased post-lockdown (31.9% vs 22.1%, p = 0.009). Median hospital stay was equal in both groups (3 vs 3 days, p = 0.787). Post-operative complication rates were similar in both groups apart from a higher 30-day re-admission rate post-lockdown (7.9% vs 3.6%, p = 0.028). Conclusion Covid-19 has resulted in significant modifications to the pre-operative work-up and surgical approach to patients undergoing emergency appendicectomy. Whilst the proportion of patients with complicated appendicitis has increased post-lockdown, overall clinical outcomes remain similar.


By using Beijing 42 industrial sectors' input-output tables in 2007,this article analyzes the industrial correlation of the real estate industry.The results indicate that the correlative effect of the real estate industry is decreasing,that the service features is obvious,and that the technicalization is improving and so on.


The rural power structure refers to the interactive relations among all the major powers of the village.The analysis of the rural power structure of China should rely on two levels,the internal structure of the formal power and the relation between the formal power and the informal power.At present,China is in the transitional period that tries to institutionalize the dual power structure through trial and error and to form the multi-power structures,which has resulted in some severe fracture at the institutional level.Therefore,the "double voting system" and "two-election linkage mechanism" should be popularized to adjust the relations between the village committee and the Party branch and to establish the institutionalized power governance as a mechanism for attracting a broad participation from the informal power group to manage the village public affairs.Only with this can the rural powers survive in harmony and achieve coexistence.


The Moon's Trick is the first solo exhibition at a public institution in the UK of Young In Hong.

The exhibition focuses on a series of pieces made up of embroidered works, sound installation and performance. Embroidery, a signature working method of the artist, is presented as a focal point of the exhibition from which a sound installation and performance are evolved.

Over the last decade, Hong's large-scale embroidered works have been large not just in terms of their size and ambition, but also in terms of their labour-intensity. The images presented through the embroidery are often based on photos that Hong has found, images that depict Korea's modern history. When choosing photographs to work with, of particular interest to Hong is often the crowd found within specific political and cultural incidents. Through the medium of embroidery, Hong attempts to capture the transitional nature of a collective experience, associated with religious, cultural and political rituals.

Along with these existing pieces, Hong brings together a new body of work

1. - Prayers, No. 1-40 (2017), the abstract images of 40 pieces of embroidery in black and white, are derived from archive photos of post-war cityscapes from the Korean peninsula, as well as the frequent protests and demonstrations which occurred during the subsequent modernization period. For Hong, these archive photos become what she calls 'photo-scores'. During the exhibition, the music played and recorded by the artist herself based on these 'photo-scores' can be heard through the speakers installed in the gallery space.

2. Hong's exploration of the relationship between image and sound via 'photo-scores' is further explored in the full-length ensemble performance, Looking Down from the Sky (2017) launches on the opening of the exhibition.


A novel fuzzy cellular automata is proposed to simulate bone degradation during osteoporosis. The initial three-dimensional (3D) bone microstructure is obtained from computed tomography (CT) images. Cellular automata algorithm is implemented to the 3D lattice and a Sugeno Fuzzy inference system is designed with nine sets of fuzzy rules to simulate the degradation process. A distance vector parameter is defined to describe the number of neighborhood cells that each cell can have a connection with. It is shown that by increasing the value of this distance vector, the results converge toward a quasi-constant degraded microstructure. The obtained microstructure is considered to be the final result and compared to prediction of bone degradation of the literature based on phase exchange calculated from mechanical strain energy. It is shown that the fuzzy cellular automata model predicts a more realistic bone degradation and microstructure distribution than the phase exchange method while having a model significantly simpler.


Russian intervention has recently received extensive attention in the wake of revelations of interference in the U.S. election of 2016. However, Russia has long interfered in the politics of other countries. Since 1991, we can identify two waves of Russian efforts to influence regime outcomes outside its borders. While the first wave solely targeted post-Soviet countries and relied on a relatively standard playbook, the latest wave that began in 2014 has expanded dramatically to include a range of established democracies in the West and utilized a variety of novel strategies. Insofar as it has targeted established democracies rather than hybrid regimes, this second wave represents more of a direct challenge to democracy than the first wave. This paper briefly explores the nature of these waves and focuses in particular on the efficacy of Russian intervention. To what extent has Russia been successful at influencing politics abroad? What has been the impact of such intervention on democracy and Russian interests?


Compounds of Formula I and Formula II, as described herein, by inhibiting the appearance of osteoclasts through the M-CSF, are useful in the treatment of excessive osteolysis. The compounds are also useful in inhibiting the phosphorylation of CSFlR, useful in the treatment of cancers expressing CSFlR.


[fre] Tous les marches internationaux ont reagi aux craintes d'un brutal ralentissement de l'economie chinoise cause par les mesures prises a l'encontre d'une croissance excessive. En effet, le gouvernement chinois a reagi au recent rebond cyclique par un eventail de mesures administratives et de mesures touchant au credit, a la liquidite et aux comportements prudentiels, mais sans pour le moment durcir sa politique monetaire en relevant les taux d'interet de reference. Mais, dans quelle mesure l'accroissement des flux de capitaux transfrontaliers, sensibles aux rendements relatifs et aux anticipations de change, imposent-ils une contrainte aux responsables politiques chinois ? Depuis 2002, l'acceleration des entrees de capitaux, en partie financee par le rapatriement par les banques chinoises de leurs avoirs internationaux dans les banques etrangeres, constitue la cause principale de l'accumulation rapide par la Chine de reserves de change. . Classification JEL : E52, E58, F32, O53 [eng] Reining in China's growth in a world of increased capital flows . Global markets have all reacted to fears of a disruptive slowdown in China resulting from a policy response to excessive growth. The Chinese government has responded to the latest cyclical upswing with a mix of administrative, credit, prudential and liquidity measures, but not yet with tighter monetary policy defined in terms of higher benchmark interest rates. Various dilemmas facing the authorities have shaped the choice of such a policy mix, and they are taking their time to ascertain its effectiveness in achieving the objective of a measured and selective slowdown. A key question is the extent to which Chinese policy makers are constrained by increased cross-border capital flows that have been responsive to relative yields as well as currency expectations. We argue that since 2002, an acceleration of capital inflows, partly financed by Chinese banks drawing down their overseas claims on international banks, has been the principal driver behind China's rapid accumulation of foreign reserves. . JEL classification : E52, E58, F32, O53


Abstract The paper examines the accuracy of profits forecasts contained in prospectuses of companies newly listing on the New Zealand Stock Exchange. Accuracy is measured by forecast errors, absolute forecast errors and squared forecast errors. The level of forecast accuracy appears to be poor in comparison to studies conducted elsewhere. An attempt to model the errors as a function of firm specific characteristics and of Big Eight/non-Big Eight auditor choice proved to be of little value. The forecasting errors were found to be unrelated to the stock price premium upon listing.


The paper contains results of an experimental research on piezoelectric focusing sources of different radiating aperture: single element focusing bowl and annular array designed as four and six-elements antenna. Geometrical and electrical parameters of all sources used in experiment are similar. The experimental data were compared to results of a numerical research carried out using a model based on the KZK equation.


A review of the physical factors that are used to compute the dose in rads at points around linear radium sources has included a consideration of the gamma-ray absorption in the radioactive source and the container, the effect of cellularity in the source construction, and the effective absorption coefficients for use with the Sievert integral.The effective attenuation in tissue of the gamma rays of gold 198, iridium 192, cesium 137, radium 226, and cobalt 60 have been considered.In addition, new tables based upon recent experimental data are given for the radiation dose around linear radium sources.


Preface Phases of Swaraj Politics: Civil Disobedience Movement, 1930-34 Structuring of the Left Mobilization, Resistance and Popular Initiatives: Peasant and Tribal Movements, 1935-39 Struggling Against the Rulers: Popular Movements in the Princely States Situating the Congress Ministry, 1937-39 Return to Agitation: Signalling Quit India, 1940-41 Making of Swaraj: The 1942 Movement Conclusion Bibliography Index


When 7α-acetoxy-3,3 : 17,17-bis(ethylenedioxy)-5,10-epoxy-5β,10β-oestran-6-one (2), formed by lead tetra-acetate acetoxylation of the parent compound (1), is heated with alkali, it undergoes ring B aromatization to give 3,3: 17,17-bis(ethylenedioxy)-5(10),6,8-oestratriene-6,7-diol (3), without configurational change at C(14); deacetalization of the corresponding diacetate (4), followed by lead tetra-acetate aromatization of ring A in the resulting diketone (5), produces 6,7-diacetoxy-equilenin (6), which is finally converted into its 3-acetate (7).


In the preceding paper, we suggested that a construct we termed "writing apprehension" might have powerful effects on individuals' attitudes towards, and behavior in, writing courses. This follow-up on that report lends more support to that claim. Essentially this study compares scores on the writing apprehension measure with SAT-Verbal scores as both relate to predictions of success expectations, willingness of students to voluntarily take additional courses in writing, and placement in "remedial" as opposed to "normal" basic composition courses. Additionally, evidence is presented that is suggestive of one cause of writing apprehension previous negative experiences in writing. As a final step, differences between male and female students on writing apprehension are probed. In the first report, we found that apprehensive adults tended to select or hold occupations that fit their level of apprehension. Highly apprehensive people, when compared to low apprehensives, reported that their jobs had significantly lower writing requirements. Consequently, Daly and Miller (1975) found that writing apprehension scores also predicted message encoding styles. Students with high apprehension of writing were found to use significantly less intense language than did less apprehensive writers. These two reports provide some evidence for the predictive validity of the instrument. Correlation research (Miller and Daly, 1975) with the writing apprehension measure showed few significant relationships between writing apprehension and other personalitytype variables and indicated its relative independence. Specifically, writing apprehension was found to be negatively related to tolerance for ambiguity (r=.21, p .05) ; positively related to communication apprehension (r=.28, p. 05) and receiver apprehension (r = .19, p .05) . Other variables such as trait


Na2Zn3[Fe(CN)6] 2. 9_H20, M r = 828-14, crystallizes in the space group R3c with a = 13.126 (3),~, ct = 56.71 (2) °, Z = 2, V = 1477.8 + 0.5/~3 [hexagonal axes: a n = 12.469 (2), c H = 32.92 (2),/~; Z = 6; V = 4433 + 2 A3], Px = 1.86 Mg m -3. The structure has been refined to R = 0.025 (R w = 0.029) for 294 unique reflections [g(Mo Ka) = 3.5 mm-~]. The results confirm with greater accuracy the new structural type found for K2Zn3[Fe(CN)6]2.xH20. FeC 6 octahedra and ZnN 4 tetrahedra are held together by the CNions making up a three-dimensional frame with large cavities in which Na ÷ ions and water molecules are randomly distributed. This rhombic framework proves to be characteristic of a larger series of zinc iron cyanides showing ion-exchange behaviour and zeolitic properties.


The results of 33 Schlumberger resistivity soundings made in the Jemez Mountains of northwestern New Mexico, near the village of Jemez Springs, are presented. Three areas that have potential as low-temperature geothermal reservoirs were identified using these data. The areas are characterized by a localized zone of very low resistivity (< 10 ..cap omega..m), which represents the extent of geothermal water and correlates with the location of hot springs or recent volcanic rocks. Resistivities increase rapidly toward the margins of the anomalies, which suggests either variable porosities or variable temperatures and salinities in the reservoirs.


The problems of minimization of the number states and synthesis of minimal forms for automata models of a new type, namely, for stochastic automata with finitely non-stationary structure are studied.


Thirty-four of 42 hearts from apparently normal camels were infested with sarcosporidia. Cysts were invariably found in the papillary muscle of the left ventricular wall; in 12 hearts they were in the right ventricular wall and in 1 heart in Purkinje fibers. None was found in the auricular muscles. An acute non-suppurative focal interstitial myocarditis occurred in association with the sarcocysts in 10 of the affected hearts. This reaction may be caused by a toxin from the cysts or it may be an allergic type of response in a previously sensitized host.


A design of multichannel transmission filter at microwave is proposed. It is based on the use of the finite plasma photonic crystal operating at frequency below the plasma frequency. We consider a design structures of (AB)qA, where A is the dielectric material, B is the plasma layer, and q is the number of periods. It is found that the number of channels is equal to q-1. We show that the locations such multiple channels are in the pass band of the infinite plasma-dielectric photonic crystal. The idea of such design is thus to engineer the photonic pass band, which is fundamentally different from the usual design by engineering the photonic stop band like the multilayer Fabry-Perot transmission filter. The physical mechanism of multiple channels is also discussed.


in the present paper, the study has been made to optimize the process parameters during machining of Inconnel-600 by wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) using response surface methodology (RSM). Four input process parameters of WEDM (namely Peak Current (IP), Pulse-On time (TON), Pulse-Off time (TOFF) and Wire Feed rate (WF)) were chosen as variables to study the process performance in terms of Material Removal Rate (MRR). In the present work, the parametric optimization method using Taguchi's robust design is proposed for wire-cut electric discharge machining of Inconel-600. This material is gained dominance, where high strength and/or hardness is required at elevated temperatures. So, experimentation has been done by using Taguchi's Mixed L18 (2 1 x3 3 ) orthogonal array. Each experiment was conducted under different conditions of pulse on time, pulse off time, peak current, and wire feed rate. The response of material removal rate is considered for improving the machining efficiency. Optimal combinations of parameters were obtained by this method. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) was carried out to study the effect of process parameters on process performance. In addition Response Surface Models have also been developed for response parameter.


SH ANG H AI, Aug. 27— China's total trade during July aggregated 521,556,000 yuan, which is a de crease o f 100,000,000 yuan com pared to last month, Shanghai branch inspectorate-general of the Chinese maritime customs office of Nanking government, revealed. July exports totalled 250,419,000 yuan and imports, 361,246,000 yu an. The announcement said the total China export trade fo r January to July aggregated 1,727,651,000 yu an. Officials of Brewery Firm Arrives Here Daizo Sumida and Tsuneichi Y a  mamoto, president and manager o f I the Honolulu Sake Brewery and lice Company, Ltd., respectively, arrived in Hilo by plane yesterday afternoon on a business visit and called at the Hawaii Mainichi Sha accompanied by Mitsuji Kasamoto o f the Hilo Rice Mill. They w ill remain in the B ig Is l and till Friday morning taking the morning plane for Honolulu.. They are located at the Matano Hotel.


Oxide semiconductors are becoming the materials of choice for modern‐day display industries. The performance of solution‐processed oxide thin film transistors (TFTs) has also improved dramatically over the last few years. However, while oxygen deficient n‐type semiconductors can demonstrate excellent electronic transport, the performance of p‐type materials has remained unsatisfactory. Consequently, only the n‐type semiconductor‐based pseudo‐complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology has attracted tremendous interests recently; yet, the high power dissipation remains a problem. Here, this work demonstrates all‐oxide CMOS invertors with high‐performance narrow‐channel n‐type TFTs, which can compensate for the limited carrier mobility of the p‐type transistors. These n‐type TFTs are fabricated with polymer‐templated mesoporous In2O3 and with a device geometry that allows near‐vertical current transport, thereby rendering the TFT channel lengths to be equal to the semiconductor film thickness (≈50 nm). Unprecedented On‐current (1.02 mA µm−1) and transconductance (950 µS µm−1) are achieved. The CuO‐based p‐type TFTs also show a device mobility of no less than 0.5 cm2 V−1 s−1. The printed all‐oxide CMOS inverters are found to operate at very low supply voltages and demonstrate sharp transfer curves with maximum signal gain of 31 and low power dissipation of only 4 nW, at a supply voltage of 1 V.


Abstract : Proceedings of the Southwestern Psychological Association Symposium on Individual Difference Variables and Schematic Concept Formation: Explorations, April 1972.Technical memo.,Evans,Selby H. ;Ellis,Alice M. ;DAAD05-68-C-0176DA-1-T-061102-B-81-A, THEMIS-367HELTM-22-72(*behavior, *symposia), learning, analysis of variance, aptitude tests, children, culture, intelligence tests, education*concept formation;Contents: Difficulties in the assessment of cognitive aptitudes in children of Mexican-American and other bicultural backgrounds; Applications of schematic concept formation to methodological problems and theoretical issues of cognitive development; Individual differences in schematic concept formation an interface with reduced culturally-biased intelligence assessment and other issues; Schematic concept formation as a predictor of success in a remedial education program.


The expressions of voltage, stress and amount of charge of monocrystal piezoelectric generator under concentrated exterior pressure was derived in order to proving the precision and validity of numerical method applied to piezoelectric materials' distribution sensing and the study of operation mechanism ignore the influence of adhesive layer. An analytical model of the monocrystal piezoelectric generator was established by using the mechanical vibration theory. And the effects of the structural and material parameters on the output energy are analyzed.


At present, energy is in short supply all over the world, and the environmental pollution problem is becoming more and more serious. Therefore, in order to alleviate the double pressure of environmental pollution and energy, new energy vehicles have been invented, among which electric vehicles have been widely developed. Clean energy utilization is urgent and important, and it is becoming a trend to replace fuel vehicles with electric vehicles. Battery is an important component of electric vehicle, and its correlation with vehicle performance is rather high. Lithium-ion battery has the advantages of high energy density and low self-discharge rate, and has gradually become the preferred battery for electric vehicles. Sensors used in electric vehicles mainly include sensors for detecting battery temperature, sensors for monitoring motor temperature and temperature sensors for battery cooling system. The performance and service life of lithium-ion batteries are greatly affected by temperature. In order to control the temperature of lithium battery, this paper studies its thermal management system. This paper discusses the significance of temperature control of lithium battery in electric vehicle, and puts forward the optimization measures of operation mechanism of lithium battery thermal management system.


Horn antennas are very popular at UHF (300 MHz-3 GHz) and higher frequencies ( as high as 140 GHz). Horn antennas often have a directional radiation pattern with a high antenna gain, which can range up to 25 dB in some cases, with 10-20 dB being typical. Horn antennas have a wide impedance bandwidth, implying that the input impedance is slowly varying over a wide frequency range. The bandwidth for practical horn antennas can be of the order of 20:1 (for instance, operating from 1 GHz-20 GHz), with a 10:1 bandwidth being common. The gain of horn antennas often increases as the frequency of operation is increased. This is because the size of the horn aperture is measured in wavelengths; at higher frequencies the horn antenna is "electrically larger" because high frequency has a smaller wavelength. Horn antennas have very little loss, so the directivity of a horn is roughly equal to its gain. In this paper, we will present review about conical horn antenna which uses hybrid technique and provides high gain at frequencies ranging 3GHz keeping its size within limits. Also, literature survey will demostrate other reference papers will includes horn antennas using different techniques and used for various applications. Index Terms- Conical horn, double ridge guide horn (DRGH) antenna, hybrid antenna, millimeter wave measurement


Based on the experimental data on high-temperature X-ray diffraction and high resolution transmission electron microscopy of silver sulfide, the orientation relationships between the low-temperature monoclinic semiconductor acantite alfa-Ag2S and the high-temperature body-centered argentite beta-Ag2S are determined. It is found that, in contrast to acanthite, the possible distances between silver atoms in a cubic argentite are too small for the positions of the metal sublattice to be occupied by Ag atoms with a probability of 1. It is shown that the acanthite (010) and (001) atomic planes are parallel to the planes ( 1-10) and (221) of argentite, respectively. The orientational relationships found between acanthite and argentite are important for understanding the physical action of the Ag2S/Ag heteronanostructure, considered as a potential basis for creating resistive switches and nonvolatile memory devices.


Cloud computing is frequently being utilized to eliminate the need to local information resources. In this paper, we address the problem of intrusion detection in cloud environments and the possibility of allowing intrusion detection to be provided to clients as a service. The paper describes the Cloud Intrusion Detection Service (CIDS), which is intended to function as an intrusion detection web service to be provided for cloud clients in a service-based manner. CIDS utilizes the "Snort" open source intrusion detection system. The operating logic and user access webpages were developed using J2EE. We implemented a proof-of-concept prototype to evaluate the performance. CIDS was proved to be very friendly to resource allocation. Additionally, CIDS gave better attack detection rates and attack detection times than other solutions. These improvements can be beneficial to both cloud providers and cloud subscribers alike. General Terms Cloud Computing, Intrusion Detection Management


Welcome to the first issue of 2012, Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport's (RQES) 83rd year of continuous publication. My editorial last September (Fischman, 2011) was primarily devoted to the backlog of accepted manuscripts, in which I discussed measures we had established to reduce the backlog. I also noted that when I became editor-in-chief the backlog of accepted manuscripts was over 80. While I predicted it would be down to less than 50 manuscripts after the December 2011 issue, my estimate was a little off. As of this writing, we are down to 53 accepted papers awaiting publication. The June 2012 issue will be our final double-size issue, containing 26 articles plus 1 invited paper, a 20-year retrospective on a landmark study by Jim Sallis and Thom McKenzie on the role of physical education in public health. This important work (Sallis & McKenzie, 1991) is the fourth most-cited paper published in RQES (see Cardinal & Thomas, 2005). I am pleased to announce that the June 2012 issue will contain a follow-up reflection on the original study (Sallis et al., in press). With the present reduction in the backlog, we are moving closer to our goal of decreasing the time from acceptance to publication to no more than 6–9 months. I thank the RQES associate editors and reviewers for aggressively implementing stricter, more rigorous standards to help manage the acceptance rate and enhance the quality of articles published in RQES. At the front end, I have nearly doubled the number of manuscripts rejected without review, from 87 in 2010 to 166 in 2011. In the meantime, the number of new submissions increased by 15% in 2011, with substantial increases in 6 of the 8 sections, indicating that RQES remains a popular choice among researchers. In January, the RQES editorial board met in Reston, VA, and I would like to share with you some of the upcoming changes the board approved, all designed to improve the efficacy of research published in RQES. One is a switch to the "structured abstract" format of up to 250 words, with headings. While structured abstracts are a significant departure from APA format, they provide more information about the paper at a glance. Second, authors will be asked to include a brief (up to 250 words) "What Does This Paper Add?" section at the end of their manuscripts. They should identify key message(s) from the study, which might include the meaningfulness of the work, how it adds to the body of knowledge (e.g., practical, clinical, theoretical applications, or societal relevance), and/or reasonable speculation regarding future directions. This section will go beyond merely summarizing the paper or repeating its conclusions; it is intended to provide a key statement about the true impact of the work. Third, references will be limited to approximately 35 citations for empirical studies, which is typical in many journals. The cap can be higher for review papers and meta-analyses. However, we encourage authors to list only significant published references and avoid unpublished data, abstracts, theses/dissertations, and other secondary material (Day & Gastel, 2006). Authors should ask themselves, "What references are absolutely essential for readers to understand the background and context of the study?" Rather than an exhaustive reference list, Aaronson (1977) suggested that if one feels compelled to include everything, it does not mean one has unlimited information; instead, it demonstrates one's lack of discrimination. These changes are all positive for moving the journal forward, and I acknowledge the vision and leadership of the RQES editorial board for implementing them. The board has been expanded, and I welcome new members Susan Hall, Hans van der Mars, and Greg Welk. I look forward to their wise counsel during the remainder of my term as editor-in-chief. With their leadership, coupled with Editor's Viewpoint: The State of the Journal


Material complementari del cas estudi "Photovoltaics electrificaton in off-grid areas", part component del llibre "Case studies for developing globally responsible engineers"


【Objective】 The objective of this study is to screen glycometabolism related genes from Verticillium dahliae, confirm the relationship between those genes and the growth and pathogenicity of V. dahliae, and to provide a theoretical basis for the control of plant Verticillium wilt. 【Method】 The glycometabolism related genes of V. dahliae were screened using host-induced gene silencing(HIGS) method. The Tobacco rattle virus vectors containing target genes were injected into tobacco for transient expression of those genes, then V.d991 was inoculated to those transgenic tobacco using the root-dip approach, PDS would be whitened 7-10 days later, and their disease indexes were counted after 14 days. The fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to detect the amount of V.d991 biomass and the expression of VDPDF-1, VDEG-1, VDMAN-1and VDPD-1. 【Result】 Four glycometabolism related genes from V. dahliae(VDPDF-1, VDEG-1, VDMAN-1 and VDPD-1) were selected because of the great change of their disease indexes. Transgenic tobacco disease indexes of these four genes were reduced by 35%, 30%, 20%, and 10%, respectively, compared with the negative control. After injected with the mixture of VDEG-1/VDPDF-1, VDPD-1/VDPDF-1/ VDMAN-1, VDPD-1/VDMAN-1, VDPD-1/VDPDF-1, and VDEG-1/VDPD-1, transgenic tobacco disease indexes were reduced by 45%, 45%, 40%, 40%, and 35%. In addition to VDPD-1 transgenic tobacco, the transgenic tobacco disease indexes had significant differences compared with the control. After inoculation with V.d991, the V.d991 biomass and expression of target gene were decreased, mixed gene injection had better interference effect than the single gene. The most obvious biomass reduction were EG/PDF(VDEG-1/VDPDF-1) and EG/PD(VDEG-1/VDPD-1), reached to 0.94, and the most significant interference effect was VDPDF-1, from PD/PDF(VDPD-1/VDPDF-1),reduced by 0.91. 【Conclusion】 Four genes were selected from V. dahliae by HIGS method. When these genes were interfered, those plants had high resistance to disease, mixed injection of multiple gene vectors were more significant than the single gene. These genes were confirmed with the glycometabolism in V.d991, probably related with V. dahliae pathogenicity.


Argon analysis on samples of sodalite from Dungannon, Ontario reveals an excess of 36Ar from neutron capture on 35Cl and excess 40Ar from the decay of 40K. These results indicate an average production rate of 5.6 X 102 atoms of 30Cl per year per gram of chlorine over the age of the mineral. 3.9 X 108 yrs. The surface residence time of chlorine-rich rocks may be determined from the amounts of 36Ar which accumulate during the time period of exposure to cosmic rays


Context-aware services, especially when made available
to mobile devices, constitute an interesting but very challenging
domain. It poses fundamental problems for both
requirements engineering, software architecture, and their
relationship. We propose a novel, reflection-based framework
for requirements engineering for this class of applications.
The framework addresses the key difficulties in this
field, such as changing context and changing requirements.
We report preliminary work on this framework and suggest
future directions.


This article presents research results on the institutionalization process of social sciences research activities at a university traditionally focused on professional teaching and with scarce scientific background. Several factors contributed to such si tuation, from dissemination and expansion of sciences worldwide to national and local situations that allowed for the emergence of new academic structures, through a number of social sciences research centers and institutes at the University of Guadalajara. This situation talks about the fragmentation and specialization observed in social sciences and talks about Mexico's and Mexican universities' particular circumstances.


The family of zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF) compounds is efficient sorbent materials that can be used for catalytic, ion exchange, gas storage, and gas separation applications. A high-resolution reference X-ray powder diffraction pattern for one of the ZIF members, bis(2-methylimidazolyl)-zinc, C8H10N4Zn (commonly known as ZIF-8), was determined using synchrotron diffraction data obtained at the Advanced Photon Source (APS) in Argonne, IL. The sample was confirmed to be cubic I-43m, with a = 17.01162(6) Å, V = 4932.08 Å3, and Z = 12. The reference X-ray powder diffraction pattern has been submitted for inclusion in the Powder Diffraction File (PDF).


LANGUAGE ARTS, VOL. 77, NO. 6, JULY 2000 In the middle grades, the reading stakes are high. The texts are longer, concepts are often more complex, and teachers expect students will be able to use varied texts in order to respond, to form an inquiry, or to conduct science experiments and projects. It is not surprising that many reading problems surface in the middle grades. Problems that were either small and manageable or partially ignored in the past become major issues. The middle grades also herald rapid physical and emotional changes in students. Fifth and six graders may begin to sprout up, fill out, and contemplate their own sexuality As their bodies begin to change rapidly, they become more and more determined to look and act like every other middlegrade student. Their credo is: "to fit in." Smith (1986) pointed out one positive way that kids could "fit in" with others through the "literacy club." As he stated,


We present results of a high statistics study of the quenched spectrum using Wilson fermions at {beta}=6.0 on 32{sup 3}{times}64 lattices. We calculate the masses of mesons and baryons composed of both degenerate and nondegenerate quarks. Using nondegenerate quark combinations allows us to study baryon mass splittings in detail. We find significant deviations from the lowest order chiral expansion, deviations that are consistent with the expectations of quenched chiral perturbation theory. We find that there is a {approximately}20{percent} systematic error in the extracted value of {ital m}{sub {ital s}}, depending on the meson mass ratio used to set its value. Using the largest estimate of {ital m}{sub {ital s}} we find that the extrapolated octet mass splittings are in agreement with the experimental values, as is {ital M}{sub {Delta}}-{ital M}{sub {ital N}}, while the decuplet splittings are 30{percent} smaller than experiment. Combining our results with data from the GF11 collaboration we find considerable ambiguity in the extrapolation to the continuum limit. Our preferred values are {ital M}{sub {ital N}}/{ital M}{sub {rho}}=1.38(7) and {ital M}{sub {Delta}}/{ital M}{sub {rho}}=1.73(10), suggesting that the quenched approximation is good to only {approximately}10{endash}15{percent}. We also analyze the {ital O}({ital ma}) discretization errors in heavy quark masses.more » {copyright} {ital 1996 The American Physical Society.}« less


BACKGROUND: Immunoglobulin-G (IgG) is a product of the initial response to secondary immune response, which accumulates in distal segment of the nerve after crush injury. Thymoquinone modulates the adaptive immune response. Effect of thymoquinone administration on local IgG levels of Rattus norvegicus Wistar rats sciatic nerve crush injury model has not been elucidated.METHODS: This was an experimental study, with 63 Rattus norvegicus Wistar rats that divided into 9 groups. Three groups were given placebo, 3 groups were given 100 mg/kg/day thymoquinone, and 3 groups were given 250 mg/kg/day thymoquinone. The rats were terminated based on the assigned group at 5x24, 6x24, and 7x24 hours and then the IgG levels were measured using sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).RESULTS: There was a significant difference in IgG levels after administration of 100 and 250 mg/kg/day thymoquinone at 5x24 hours and 7x24 hours post-injury compared to the rats that were given no treatment. A significant difference of IgG levels was also found after administration of 100 mg/kg/day thymoquinone group at 6x24 hours post-injury. Critical point of decreasing local IgG of all groups happened at 6x24 hours after injury, however, there was no significant difference in the median levels of thymoquinone at doses of 100 mg/kg and 250 mg/kg.CONCLUSION: Local IgG levels in distal segment of the sciatic nerve crush injury is lower in rats that were given 100 mg/kg thymoquinone treatment compared to the rats that receive no thymoquinone treatment since 5x24 hours after injury. Thymoquione administration should be given immediately after the crush injury until before 6x24 hours post-injury to decrease antibodies in degeneration process.KEYWORDS: thymoquinone, immunoglobulin-G, crush injury, sciatic nerve


Properties, morphologies, diversified chemistry, and fast ion diffusion with efficient intercalation of ions of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have spurred interest in them as active material electrodes for energy storage devices. These intriguing 2D materials share common properties, namely, large surface area, fast intercalation, and polymorphic structure. Nevertheless, their low electronic conductivity, cycling stability, and structural changes are challenges that require further research for TMDs to be attainable in applications such as batteries and supercapacitors. Herein we present a systematic review of cutting-edge research involving TMDs beyond MoS 2 as active materials in alkali metal-ion batteries and supercapacitors, currently absent in the literature. Accordingly, a critical overview of the recent progress concerning synthesis methods, physicochemical and electrochemical properties is reported. Similarly, trends and opportunities that may contribute to state-of-the-art research are also discussed.


Based on the analyses of the credit bank both at home and abroad, explore the effective way to construct the credit transfer model, find out the main problems in the process of transferring, design a much better model, formulate a new standard for credit transfer and carry out the research on the model design of the academic education's credit transfer in the open university.


Abstract The missionary William Pascoe Crook was the first European to make an extended residence in the Marquesas. He failed to make a single convert in the two years he was there but instead risked a 'conversion' of sorts in everyday compromises between fitting in with, and preserving his independence from, a way of life he found to be abhorrent. This paper reconstructs the quality of Crook's experience during his sojourn in the Marquesas and reflects on the ethnographic 'Account of the Marquesas Islands' compiled on his return to London in 1799. It emphasises the processes by which Crook came to a partial understanding of tapu and the role of mimicry in his adaptation to lapu as a force that will make sense of him, but that he himself does not comprehend. The paper relates Crook's experience of cultural difference to problems in the anthropological concept of culture.


Note: Univ lyon 1,chim organ lab 3,cnrs,ua 467,f-69622 villeurbanne,france. univ lyon 1,chim analyt lab 2,f-69622 villeurbanne,france. Reference LGSA-ARTICLE-1986-009 Record created on 2005-11-09, modified on 2017-05-12


In this paper, I empirically study on eight different types of sample commercial banks by CoVaR model and quantile regression techniques. The new find is that from perspective of liquidity, the larger asset banks face higher liquidity risk, which is more likely lead to spillover aggregation of systemic risk. However downturn in the macroeconomic cycle, medium and small banks are more prone to risk spillover cause systemic risk. Therefore, policy recommendations are that the banking supervisory authority focuses on not only the traditional sizeable international banks asset, but also concerned about the medium and small banks of excessive business growth. These banks are also systemic risk aggregation and initiator of financial crisis.


With the continous decrease in the minimum feature size and increase in the chip density, modern processors are being increasingly susceptible to soft errors. In the past, the technique of lockstep execution with redundant threads on duplicated pipelines have been used for soft error rate reduction which can achieve high error coverage but at the cost of large overheads in terms of area and performance. In this paper, we propose techniques for protection against soft errors in multi-core designs using (i) the properties of spatial and temporal redundancy and (ii) value based detection. We utilize temporal redundancy by using the "latency use slack" (LSC) of an instruction, which we de£ne as the number of cycles before the computed result from the instruction becomes the source operand of a subsequent instruction, while spatial redundancy is exploited by duplicating the instruction to a nearby idle processor core. Further, the value based detection technique is explored by exploiting the width of the operands with small data values and the generation of residue code check bits for the source operands. When a soft error is detected, error correction is achieved by rolling back the execution to a previous checkpoint state and re-executing the instructions. The proposed techniques have been implemented on the RSIM simulation framework and validated using the SPLASH benchmarks. Our results indicate that the soft error detection schemes proposed in this work, can be implemented, on average, with less than 10% increase in CPI on modern multi-core designs.


A study of the hydrogen‐bonding and proton transfer reactions of the ground and excited states of harmane (1‐methyl‐9H‐pyrido/3,4‐b/indole) and its N9‐methyl derivative with 2,2,2‐trifluoroethanol in cyclohexane is reported. Spectral measurements (UV–visible, Fourier trans‐form IR, steady‐state and time‐resolved fluorescence) show the formation of fluorescent ground‐state hydrogen‐bonded complexes. The results have been interpreted assuming a tautomeric equilibrium between a 1:1 hydrogen‐bonded complex and its 1:2 proton transfer tautomer (hydrogen‐bonding ion pair). Upon excitation to its singlet excited state, the proton transfer tautomer of harmane reacts with an additional 2,2,2‐trifluoroethanol molecule to give a zwitterionic exciplex, which fluoresces at longer wavelength.


This paper is a review of basic microprobing techniques as applied to the failure analysis of monolithic integrated circuits. A detailed discussion of microprobing equipment is given, including electronic equipment, probe stations, manipulators and probeware. Techniques for probe sharpening, topology recognition, sample preparation and microsurgery are discussed. The paper concludes with an example involving the measurement of the threshold voltage of a cell transistor on a 16K EPROM.


The electromotive force measurements were made on the stacked pellet type galvanic cells consisting of the 0.85 ZrO2-0.15 CaO electrolyte with the electrodes including Fe-FeO (wiistite), FeO-Fe2O4 (magnetite), Fe2O4-Fe2O3 (hematite), Ni-NiO and Co-CoO two-phase coexisting systems at temperatures of 630°to 1100°C, in order to obtain the relative partial molar free energies of oxygen for the two-phase oxide systems. The data obtained were in good agreement with the accepted values, which proved that the cells functioned satisfactorily.The feasibility of employing the solid electrolyte galvanic cell method, especially the open cell staccked pellet technique, was discussed. The careful consideration of several factors made it possible to obtain equilibrium values of the electromotive force.