These guidelines, which are oriented to the creation of a useful public service, are intended to provide direction for planners of transit services in developing areas. The objectives for community transit development are listed. Studies have shown that a "convenient" transit stop should be within 1,300 ft of a person's origin or destination. Factors which should be considered in making this distance criterion possible are listed. The principles of route layout are detailed and figures are used as illustrations. The planning of timed connections, and the viability of community transit service are considered. The estimation of patronage and mapping requirements and review procedures are also discussed.


This study was conducted to investigate \vhether Science education develops the primary Science process skills adcquately. In order to nieasure the primary Science process skills, a test was developed and svas applied to 80 ninth grade students \vho \vere randonily chosen from four high schools in Ankara at the beginniiig of the 1999-2000 fail seinester. Resulls shovved that primary school Science education fails to develop primary process skills adequately.


A gas turbine, also called a combustion turbine, is a type of internal combustion engine obtains its power by utilizing the energy of burnt gases and the air which is at high temperature and pressure by expanding through the several rings of fixed and moving blades mounted over a disc. The major function of the turbine is to extract energy from the hot gas flow to drive the compressor and the accessory gearbox. Gas turbine discs work mostly at high temperature gradients and are subjected to high rotational velocity. High speed results in large centrifugal forces in discs and simultaneous high temperature results in thermal stress. The stress which greatly influence the design of turbine disc is the thermal stress. Thus a model of H.P turbine is created using CATIA V5 and the exported to ANSYS 16.0 to perform transient thermal analysis. The thermal analysis performed with three different materials i.e. SUPERALLOY A286, INCONEL 718, and UDIMET 720. The comparison of all material will result in better use of turbine disc material at different stages of combustion.


In Croatian Church Slavonic postposition of adjectives is considered to be less marked than anteposition. Its occurence is a result of the influence of the languages from which the texts were translated (Greek and Latin). Thus, the aim of this research, which was based on the attestations from the corpus of the Dictionary of The Croatian Redaction of the Church Slavonic language, was to detect the factors that determine the use of the anteposition. The research focused on the cases that differ from the Greek and Latin patterns, as these cases are more informative. The following factors were taken into consideration: adjectival aspect (short and long forms of adjectives), meaning of adjective, established phrases (names, terms), phrases with more than one adjective, phrasesplitting, attribute coordination, relation to the other parts of the sentence structure, parallel structures, stylistic factor. The research has shown that the factors with the highest ability of conditioning the anteposition of adjectives in the noun phrase are further emphasis of adjectives and terminologizational factor. Ključne riječi: red riječi, imenska skupina, pridjevi, hrvatski crkvenoslavenski jezik


The authors try to estimate the numbers and characteristics of individuals who need assistance in preventing unwanted births. Those in need have been divided into married and unmarried persons either not able to purchase or for some other reason (called "access" reasons) utilize family planning services. Nearly 6 million people in need and between 2.5 and 4.2 million nonpoor people with an "access" problem in attaining services have been estimated. The people in need represent 20.1% of all women (ages 15-44) and this figure is used to calculate minimum need for family planning from 1971 to 1975. The estimate for the number of unmarried unpoor women who are sexually active and have "access" problems to effective means of contraception is 2.7 million. For 1971-1975 projections a comparable proportion is used. In this 5 year period the proportion of married couples who will use sterilization as a method of birth control is estimated to increase from 8% to 15%. This will have an obvious impact on program operations.


VARIOUS EMPIRICAL TESTS YIELDED THE FOLLOWING RESULTS. A LARGE PROPORTION OF CHILDREN IN THE 4 TO 5 AGE GROUP CROSS STREETS QUICKLY AND WITHOUT PRIOR SELF ORIENTATION. CHILDREN IN THE 6 TO 7 AGE GROUP ORIENTATE THEMSELVES AT THE KERBSIDE BUT FREQUENTLY RUN ACROSS THE ROAD WITHOUT FURTHER REGARD TO TRAFFIC SAFETY. IN TRAFFIC GAMES 4 TO 5 YEAR OLDS DISTINGUISHED THEMSELVES QUITE DEFINITELY FROM OTHER AGE GROUPS IN THEIR SPONTANEOUS OBSERVANCE OF TRAFFIC LIGHT SIGNALS (18%). OTHER STATISTICS RELATING TO THE OBSERVANCE OF TRAFFIC LIGHT SIGNALS ARE 64% FOR THE 6 TO 7 AGE GROUP AND 78% FOR THE 8 TO 9 AGE GROUP. THE GREATER PROPORTION OF CHILDREN STUDIED CHOSE THE QUICKEST ROUTE TOWARDS ATTAINING THEIR GOAL. 68% OF THE CHILDREN IN THE 6 TO 7 AGE GROUP AUTOMATICALLY CHOSE THE SAFEST ROUTE WHEREAS THE CORRESPONDING STATISTIC FOR THE 8 TO 9 AGE GROUP WAS 92%. ADDITIONAL EXPERIMENTS DEALT WITH THE STUDY OF THE FOLLOWING: EMPATHY CAPACITY, SIMULATED STREET CROSSING, THE COMPREHENSION OF CERTAIN TRAFFIC SITUATIONS, THE TRAFFIC AWARENESS OF MOTHERS, SECONDARY CONSIDERATIONS OF A SOCIAL AND ECOLOGICAL NATURE, DIFFICULTIES AND EMPHASIS ON TECHNIQUES RELEVANT TO TRAFFIC EDUCATION.


In this research, spontaneous fermentation of some selected types of green leafy vegetables including Telfairia occidentalis (Fluted pumpkin leaf), Amarathus hybridus (Bush green), Pterocarpus mildbraedii (White campwood leaf) and Vernonia amygdalina (Bitter leaf) was performed for five days at ambient temperature. Changes in physicochemical properties of samples during fermentation were as below: A steady increase was observed in titratable acidity (from 0.014 to 0.147) and temperature (from 27oC to 34oC) of all samples, while the pH value was decreased from 6.8 to 3.78. The abundance of isolated bacteria from the fermentation medium was 39.1% Bacillus spp., 26.1% Lactobacillus spp., 8.7% Staphylococcus spp. and Escherichia coli, 4.3% Pseudomonas spp, Serratia spp. and Citrobacter spp. Fermentation caused the mineral content of vegetables to increase and the vitamin c content to decrease. Niacin and thiamine content in A. hybridus and V. amygdalina was decreased, while a reduction was observed for T. occidentalis. The fiber content of V. amygdalina showed an increase from 10.97% to 14.55%, while this factor was decreased in other samples. It was also observed that the ash content of fermented and unfermented vegetables was increased from 12.50% to 23.28% and from 8.07% to 15.72%, respectively. The protein content of A. hybridus   and T. occidentalis increased after fermentation (25.65%-24.29%).


SOME POLLEN GRAINS OF TAXODIACEAE FAMILY IN TERTIARY BROWN COAL Part. II. Investigations of Fossil Material on the Basis of Contemporaneous Material The Polish Tertiary brown coal types hitherto palynologically investigated may be grouped, from youngest to oldest age, according to clearly defined pollen and spore assemblages. These assemblages are divided into two large groups: I - exotic genera, and II - indigenous genera (as presented in detail on page 1038, 1039 of Polish text).


The outcomes resulted from the development of maize high yielding hybrids belonging to different maturity groups are presented. A level of their yielding capacity and a detailed characteristic for other indices are shown. Modifying of the developed hybrids does not cause a reduction of their grain yield


In t h i s paper we s h a l l give a ohara^ttfrization oi carta ix l i n e a r subspaees of bounded observable» on a a»un l o g i c . We s h a l l c a l l a "sum l o g i c " che logic L <?;hich s a t i s f i e s the Uniqueness and Existence properties ( l j » [2.], i . s . L i t an orthomoduiar 6 l a t t i c e which i s quite f a l l with respect to s set of s t a t e s M (that i s , {m e M : m(a) « l }s {m Vrm(b) « 1 implies e O i a , b e L ) , s a t i s f y i n g following propert ies : (U) m(s) m f o r a l l meM implies x = y , where x and 2 are bounded observables on L, (B) f o r any two bounded observable« x and 7 there ia a bounded observable z such that


Background Recurrent or metastatic cervical and endometrial carcinoma is largely an incurable disease due to lack of effec-tive therapies. New treatment strategies are needed to provide long-term anti-tumor responses. Blocking the interaction between PD-1 and its ligands is a promising treatment strat-egy, and has previously shown encouraging antitumor activity in cervical and endometrial carcinoma. Camrelizumab is a humanised anti-programmed death-1 (anti PD-1) antibody. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of camrelizumab combination therapy in patients with recurrent or metastatic cervical and endometrial carcinoma. Methods Patients (pts) with recurrent or metastatic cervical and endometrial carcinoma were enrolled. Eligible patients were aged 30 – 70 years with an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0-2. Pts received camrelizumab (200mg iv d1 q2w) with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT)/radiation/chemotherapy. Paclitaxel and carboplatin are delivered with 175mg/m2 and AUC=5, respectively, d1, q3w for 6-8 cycles. Pts received radiation with external-beam radiotherapy 45~50.4Gy/25~28f, lymph node 60Gy/25~30f 5 times/week, brachytherapy 28~30Gy/4-5f. The primary end-point was objective response (ORR). The secondary endpoints included disease control rate (DCR), median progression-free survival (mPFS) and safety. Results 37 pts were enrolled from Sept. 2019 to Apr. 2022. 36 patients were evaluated for efficacy, the ORR and DCR was 53% (19/36) and 83% (30/36


There has occurred in the last year what may be viewed as a modest revival of interest in the early history of American law. The bulkiest manifestation of this renaissance is a two-volume study of the rise of the legal profession from the seventeenth century to 1860, but at the same time several other books have appeared which in whole or in part bear on the same subject. The historian is tantalized but at the same time troubled by the traditional character of much of the new work. Legal historians have tended to define the substance of the law quite narrowly. We have a great many legal and judicial biographies, treatises on the formal categories of law and procedure, accounts of constitutional development, and histories of particular courts. Legal history has been slow, however, in responding to the newer concerns and techniques of contemporary historians, particularly in the realm of social and economic history. The possibility of examining the law in its actual relation to social and economic process through the systematic exploitation of a fuller range of documents, such as legislative and administrative records, economic and social data, and the records of lower courts and ordinary lawyers is now emerging. To keep pace with the times, legal historians must move from the study of appellate opinions to the broader context of law in society, from what law was to how law worked, from substance to process. Likewise, the chronological horizons of American legal history must


London newsbook coverage of the Marston Moor campaign is the first example of regular extended military reporting in English journalism. This article demonstrates the value of early newsbooks as historical sources for giving a fresh perspective on previously well-researched events. It investigates the mechanics of the Marston Moor news coverage: its sources, the speed of relaying information to the public, and the accuracy of reporting. The article reveals an increasing awareness by the military of the value of the serial press for raising their public profile and it suggests that leaders of the parliamentary war party, already appreciative of the newsbooks as political tools, were using revelations of vital military intelligence in specific journals to exacerbate royalist divisions.


This project was funded by VCCCAR and coordinated by the Climate Change Adaptation Program at RMIT University, in collaboration with Monash University and the University of Melbourne. The research investigated some of the key framing challenges of adaptation through four discrete work packages: 1. Operationalising adaptation by local and regional authorities through the development of an overarching local adaptation planning 'navigator', 2. Analysing the economic dimension of both climate-related impacts and adaptation, 3. Developing and testing of proposed adaptation guidance in close consultation with State Government and local authorities to ensure that deliverables are 'fit for purpose', and 4. Exploring the role of social narratives to assess how different groups identify with climate change at the local scale. This policy brief summarises research from all four work packages to highlight policy implications for better understanding the role of framing of climate change adaptation at the local and regional scale.


Pregnancy is a unique and demanding time in terms of calcium and phosphate metabolism. Studies have shown that prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among pregnant women varies, as being 33% in US, 24% in Canada and 20-77% in Europe. Low maternal levels of vitamin D during pregnancy are associated with many neonatal outcomes, including small for gestational age (SGA), preterm birth, detrimental effect on offspring teeth and bone development in addition to the susceptibility to infectious diseases. Background: Pregnancy is a unique and demanding time in terms of calcium and phosphate metabolism. Vitamin D is one important for the developmental process and plays a crucial role for mineral balance, with rapidly growing bone susceptible to mineralization defects such as rickets [1]. Vitamin D deficiency has become a global public health issue, especially for pregnant women [2]. Several studies conducted on a large population have evaluated the effect of vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy and relate it to many adverse outcomes for both the mother and the child [3].


Abstract In a Nordic context, economic impacts of tourism in national parks remained largely unknown due to lacking implementation of standardized comparative measurements. For this reason, we want to investigate the economic impacts of national parks in a peripheral Scandinavian context by analyzing employment in tourism. Theoretically, the paper addresses the idea of nature protection as a tool for regional development. The scientific literature suggests that nature can be considered a commodity that can be used for the production of tourism experiences in peripheries. In this context nature protection is applied as a label for signifying attractive places for tourists leading to increased tourist numbers and employment. This argument follows mainly North American experiences pointing at a positive impact of protected areas on regional development. Meanwhile European studies are more skeptical regarding desired economic benefits. A major challenge is the assessment of tourism's economic impacts. This paper suggests an approach that reveals the impacts on the labor market. This is particularly applicable since data is readily available and, moreover from a public perspective, employment and tax incomes are of uppermost importance in order to sustain population figures and local demand for public services. At the same time accessibility and low visitor numbers form major challenges for tourism stakeholders and complicate the assessment of economic impacts through questionnaires and interviews. The paper shows that the assumption that nature protection promotes positive economic development through tourism is not applicable in a northern Swedish context. Hence, it rejects the often suggested positive relationship between nature protection and tourism labor market development.


Due to progress in aircraft design, the sonic boom produced by supersonic aircraft may be reduced considerably in the future and the subjective response of humans to future low sonic boom signatures is currently under investigation. In the frame of the RUMBLE project, loudness and short-term ratings of different recordings and simulations of classical booms and potential future boom sounds were collected. The time signals of the signatures were differing in shape but were confined in maximum overpressure and the A-weighted sound exposure level (ASEL) to the range foreseen for future low boom aircraft. Besides a high correlation with the ASEL, the short-term annoyance ratings were also highly correlated to the loudness ratings, suggesting that loudness was the underlying factor for short-term annoyance in the laboratory experiments. Therefore, loudness values were calculated with loudness models from the current ISO 532-1 and 532-2 standard in an attempt to predict the annoyance ratings. The correlation coefficients between short-term annoyance ratings and loudness model values are similar to those between ratings and level based measures (e.g., weighted SELs). For the loudness model according to the ISO 532-1 standard, the correlation coefficient is even slightly higher that than for ASEL.


ObjectiveTo investigate the important protective function of graft vessels in coronary artery bypass grafting.MethodsWe set a suitable room temperature,moisture,administrated anti-vessel spasm drugs,avoided injury during dissection,selected a vascular protective solution to protect endothelial cell of graft vessels,provide a clear field in order to perform the vascular anastomoses.Results16 cases operation were performed smoothly,3.8 graft vessels were anastomosised.1 patient was died of diabetic ketoacidosis shock in 13 hours after operation.The other 15 cases recovered satisfied.During 2 months-2 years follow-up,the patients survived without complain.ConclusionWe should pay more attention to graft vessels protection because it was an important procedure in succeeding on-pump coronary artery bypass.


In the Bayes sequential change-point problem, an assumption of a fully known prior distribution of a change-point is usually impracticable. At every moment, one often knows only the discrete hazard function, that is, the probability of a change occurring before the next observation is collected, given that it has not occurred so far. In the randomized model, the observed or predicted values of the hazard function are assumed to form a Markov chain. Under these assumptions, the optimal change-point detection stopping rules are derived for two popular loss functions introduced in Shiryaev (1978) and Ritov (1990). Derivations are based on the theory of optimal stopping of Markov sequences.


With development of the P.E.Universities Colleges,secretaries were important works.By reading lots of literature,the article studied the effects and qualities of secretary P.E.Universities Colleges.


In this article, we present the results of studies on the quantum mechanical tunneling and reflection of a diatomic, homonuclear molecule with a single bound state incident upon a potential barrier. In the first study, we investigate the tunneling of a molecule using a time-dependent formulation. The molecular wave function is modeled as a Gaussian wave packet, and its propagation is calculated numerically using Crank-Nicholson integration. It is found that a molecule may transition between the bound state and an unbound state numerous times during the process of reflection from or transmission past the barrier. It is also found that, in addition to reflecting and transmitting, the molecule may also temporarily straddle the potential barrier in an unbound state. In the second study, we consider the case of a molecule incident in the bound state upon a step potential with energy less than the step. We show that in the limit where the binding energy ${e}_{0}$ approaches zero and the step potential ${V}_{0}$ goes to infinity, the molecule cannot remain in a bound state if the center of mass gets closer to the step than an arbitrarily large distance ${x}_{0}$ which increases as the magnitude of ${e}_{0}$ decreases, as ${V}_{0}$ increases, or both. We also show that, for ${e}_{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{0}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ and ${V}_{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\infty}$, if the molecule is incident in the bound state, it is reflected in the bound state with probability equal to unity, when the center of mass reaches the reflection distance ${x}_{0}$. We verify that the unbound states exhibit the expected physical behavior. We discuss some surprising results. Connections between our results and investigations done in cold atoms, excitons, Cooper pairs, and Rydberg atoms are discussed.


LOW achievement and high dropout rates among poor and minority students continue to plague U.S. society. And we say "plague" purposefully, because these children are all our children, and our nation will profit by or pay for whatever they become. While much attention over the past quarter century has focused on reforming the schools these students attend, little or no progress has been made in actually closing the achievement gaps or reducing the number of dropouts. Why? Aren't Americans a "can-do" people? We eradicated the childhood scourge of polio, built the best road system since the Romans, put men on the moon, outlasted the Soviet Union, and created universities that are the envy of the world. But the problem of underachievement by poor and minority students has confounded us. High-level commissions issue warnings, governors hold summits, think tanks produce reports, scholars write books, and Congress passes laws. But the U.S. has failed to deliver on its promise to provide a high-quality education to every child. In the 1960s, Martin Luther King, Jr., forced our nation to face the inequities of race, poverty, and war. But today, these three inequities still exist in this country. RETHINKING THE PROBLEM Surely schools need to be improved, especially the schools that serve poor and minority children. But school improvement alone will not suffice. We believe in the power of good teaching, but educators alone cannot do a job so large. We can inspire individual students to break through the boundaries of social class, but we cannot lift a whole social class of students to a higher level of achievement. Low achievement and dropping out are problems rooted in social and economic inequality--a force more powerful than curricula, teaching practices, standardized tests, or other school-related policies. Richard Rothstein summed it up best: For nearly half a century, the association of social and economic disadvantage with the student achievement gap has been well known to economists, sociologists, and educators. Most, however, have avoided the obvious implication of this understanding--raising the achievement of lower-class children requires amelioration of the social and economic conditions of their lives, not just school reform. (1) Once acknowledged, this truth has profound implications for educators and policy makers alike. If all efforts to close achievement gaps concentrate exclusively on schools and school reform, they will fail, leaving schools and teachers to shoulder the blame. In turn, good administrators and teachers, who are doing their best under difficult circumstances, will be driven out of the profession, a prospect that can only make matters worse. As Gary Orfield sums it up: "Doing educational reform while ignoring the fundamental cleavages in society is profoundly counterproductive." (2) A useful way of visualizing the remedy for the chronic problem of low achievement of poor and minority students is to return to Abraham Maslow's 1954 hierarchy of needs for self-actualization. We have patterned a hierarchy of needs for a self-actualized society after Maslow's (see Figure 1). AFFORDABLE HOUSING IN STABLE NEIGHBORHOODS Nearly one-third of the nation's poorest children have attended three different schools by third grade. Such high mobility depresses achievement. One study found that reducing the mobility of low-income students to that of other students would eliminate 7% of the test-score gap by income and 14% of the black/white test score gap. (3) Other studies have shown that low-income families and children benefit when integrated into middle-class neighborhoods. This integration requires housing subsidies for poor families. (4) After Brown v. Board of Education, "white flight" became common across the country. Middle-income white families moved to the suburbs, leaving only poor families in the inner cities. …


Outbreak of influenza virus is one of serious concerns for public health. Hemagglutinin (HA), a spike-shaped glycoprotein on the viral surface, plays an important role during the early stage of influenza infection. In the present work, a set of flavonoids were screened against 2009 H1N1 HA by computational chemistry techniques. Among 35 flavonoids, the docking results showed that the epicatechin gallate (ECG) and puerarin exhibited a good binding affinity towards 2009 H1N1 HA. These 2 compounds were then studied by all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The predicted binding free energy of the H1-puerarin complex (–25.86 ± 2.92 kcal/mol) was slightly greater than that of H1-ECG (–22.81 ± 2.19 kcal/mol), suggesting that the puerarin and ECG could provide similar binding affinity towards 2009 H1 HA target. However, the stronger electrostatic energy contribution of ~10 kcal/mol was found in the puerarin binding to 2009 H1N1 HA. This molecular information of ligand-protein interaction could be helpful in further drug design and development for influenza treatment.
HIGHLIGHTS

The 35 flavonoid bioactive compounds were screened against 2009 H1N1 HA by molecular docking
The epicatechin gallate (ECG) and puerarin exhibited a good binding affinity and were then studied by all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations
The predicted binding free energy revealed that the puerarin and ECG could provide similar binding affinity towards 2009 H1 HA target

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT


A report that presented at the World Forum II at The Hague in March 2000, said that it would be water crisis around the world and some countries will be lack of water in 2025, as a result of global studies. Inefficient using of water and considering water as free goods which means it can be used as much as we want without any lost. Thus, it causes wasteful consumption and low public awareness in using water without effort to preserve and conserve the water resources. In addition, the excessive exploitation of ground water for industrial facilities also leads to declining of available freshwater. Therefore, this paper reviews some problems arise all over the world regarding to improper and improving management, policies and methods to determine the optimum model of freshwater price in order to avoid its wasteful thus ensuring its sustainability. In this paper, we also proposed a preliminary model of water pricing represents a case of Medan, North Sumatera, Indonesia.


Architectural and typological analysis, and documentation of ten (five and five) outstanding row-houses, once belonging to the property of saint-gertrude-abbey. With plans, photographs and bibliographcial references.


Tricksters play tricks, and this seems to be the one consensus reached about them since they defy definition and, at many times, comprehension. Straggling in mythologies, folklore and religions, tricksters appear as animals and humans, males and females, virtuous and vicious, gods and devils, saints and villains, witty and foolish and they are not this or that; they are this and that. Shape shifters, purveyors of chaos, rules' breakers, crude creatures and comically absurd figures, tricksters can be traced in a lot of texts, expressly in the African American canon. Zora Neale Hurston (1891-1960) was one of the prominent icons of the Harlem Renaissance in the 1920s. Deplorably, as much as she enjoyed fame and success for a short period of her life, her name dwindled and she died as a pauper burying her opus with her, only to be resurrected after Alice Walker's article "In Search of Zora Neale Hurston" published in 1975. Ever since, Hurston leaped from the margin into the center of the literary critical corpus with her chef-d'oeuvre Their Eyes Were Watching God (1937) taking the lion share of the attention. This essay, however, examines her short story "Sweat." It argues that Hurston's protagonist Delia is a trickster. By reading "Sweat" as interplay of trickery among its three main characters, it is likely to categorize Delia as a female trickster who dupes her opponents. By further locating Delia's trope of tricks in the discourse of religious tricksters, the essay examines the hamartiology of her final action as seen from the lens of moral scruples marking Delia as a female religious trickster. Key Words: trickster, Hurston, religious, morality, liminal, the Bible.


Polyalphaolefin polymers having a kinematic viscosity of more than 135cSt at 100 ° C., there is a shear stability. Polymer molecular weight contained in the polymer is greater than 60,000 daltons, reduced kinematic viscosity of the polymer after being subjected to tapered roller bearings tests 0.5 wt% or less or is, or 20 hours, less than 9% . Such polyalphaolefins with shear stability is obtained by either selective catalytic system used in the oligomerization or polymerization of mechanical degradation, or feedstocks high viscosity polyalphaolefin.


Vehicle structure (S) at least one lower rail (21), for longitudinal adjustment of the seat at least one upper rail and movable in a longitudinal direction of the seat relative to the lower rail 21 and 22, at least the upper rail is connected to the ( 22) to the backrest structure (14) attached to the bottom 17, the fitting to allow pivotal movement about the back pivot axis (C) by the one or more fitting the lower (17), and at least one fitting (15) attached to the in the vehicle seat, especially vehicle seat comprising, and the lower fitting (17) is hinged to the upper rail 22 by means of a joint (E).


N.M.R. studies of α-Mn metal have been carried out in the paramagnetic phase between Neel temperature and room temperature. Different temperature dependence of the Knight shift has been observed for each Mn atom at the four crystallographic sites and a maximum of the Knight shift has been found from the resonance line for site I. These results show that the susceptibility-maximum phenomenon of α-Mn originates from the electronic state of the site-I atoms.


Recent experimental results on the formation and optical properties of the laser-active ${\mathit{N}}_{2}$ center in additively colored pure KCl are reported. The ${\mathit{N}}_{2}$ center in KCl is most efficiently formed through a photoaggregation process in heavily colored crystals exposed to light on the long-wavelength shoulder of the F band. The observed room-temperature stability of the ${\mathit{N}}_{2}$ center indicates that it is an electrically neutral defect. Absorption and emission bands peak at 1.02 and 1.25 \ensuremath{\mu}m, respectively. The ${\mathit{N}}_{2}$-band absorbance grows proportionally with the ${\mathit{R}}_{1}$- and ${\mathit{R}}_{2}$-band absorbances. Polarized ${\mathit{N}}_{2}$-center fluorescence data is consistent with two degenerate orthogonal dipole moments lying on {111} planes of the crystal. Excited-state absorption spectra show higher transitions coincident in wavelength with the ${\mathit{R}}_{1}$ and ${\mathit{R}}_{2}$ absorption bands of the trigonal ${\mathit{F}}_{3}$ color center in KCl. Similar experiments on the ${\mathit{R}}_{1}$ band correlate well with the ${\mathit{N}}_{2}$-center data. Results are consistent with the identification of the laser-active part of the ${\mathit{N}}_{2}$ band as a transition of the trigonal ${\mathit{F}}_{3}$ color center.


A synthesized multi-method is introduced to detect and classify the epileptic waves in the EEG data. By this method, several signal processing methods, such as wavelet transformation (WT), artificial neural networks (ANN) and expert rules (ER) were synthesized in order to exploit the advantages of different methods sufficiently. At first, the epileptic waves were detected from pre-processed EEG data at different scales by WT, after then the characteristic parameters of the chosen candidates of epileptic waves were extracted and sent into the well-trained ANN to identify and classify the true epileptic waves. At last, the detected epileptic waves were certificated by ER. The statistic results of detection and classification show that, the synthesized multi-method has a good capacity to extract signal features and to shield the signals from the random noise. This method is especially fit for the analysis of the biomedical signals in biomedical engineering, which are usually non-placid and non-linear.


Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety in treating the submucosal tumors of esophagus or stomach by endoscopic nylon ligation through dual-pathway. Methods . From July 2003 to June 2005, 16 patients whose tumors located at the submucous layer of esophagus, stomach or duodenum were enrolled in Zhongshan Hospital. All of them were examined by endoscopy or EUS. And all had a tumor with a diameter of 1.3 to 3.0 cm, partly protruding into the lumen. The efficacy and safety of the therapy were studied. Results The group included 6 males and 10 females whose ages ranged from 34 to78 years ( median: 50 years). Among 16 cases, 4 were located in the lower esophagus, 2 in the cardia, 5 in the fundus, 3 in the sinus and 2 in the upper body of stomach. Spindle cells were found in 12 cases by EUS-FNA histologically. All of patients were reassessed by endoscopy after 4 weeks. And we found that lesions disappeared in 9 of them (56. 3% ) , 5 were re-performed by endoscopic electroectomy (31.3%) and 1 patient was performed by nylon ligation again (6. 2% ) , only one case failed (6. 2% ). The total effective rate was 93.8%. After 6 months of the treatment, all cases had no lesions at al by endoscopy or EUS. Conclusion Endoscopic nylon ligation through dual-pathway is an effective and safe way to treat the submucosal tumors with a diameter of 1.3 to 3.0 cm. It deserves to be noticed in clinical practice.

Key words:
Neoplasms ;  Endoscopes ;  Ligation;  Therapy


Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have developed rapidly for recent years, and have been widely used in various applications. But sensor nodes are vulnerable to noises to yield errors for their limited power and energy. In this paper, an efficient real-time event detection approach based on temporal-spatial correlations of sensing data is proposed. The method can eliminate the influence of errors by temporal linear compare and spatial vertical compare to the accuracy of query results, at the same time, it can satisfy real time requirements issued by the users. Experimental results validate that this approach can improve the precision and reliability of event detection.


In this paper, a novel solution approach for solving the nonlinear programming (NLP) problems having m nonlinear algebraic inequality (equality or mixed) constraints with a nonlinear algebraic objective function in n variables using linearization technique is presented. This approach performs successive increments to find a solution of the NLP problem, based on the optimal solutions of linear programming (LP) problems, satisfying the nonlinear constraints oversensitively. In the proposed approach, the original problem is converted to the LP problem using increments in the linearization process and the impact of computational efficiency makes the performance of the solution well. It is presented that how the solution approach can be applied to solve the illustrated examples from the literature.


The multiwavelet packet transform and support vector machine are applied to identifying human pulse signals of heroin addicts. Firstly, using the multiwavelet packet transform based on the multiwavelet and preprocessing presented by pioneers J. S. Geronimo, D. P. Hardin and P. R. Massopust, the pulse signals of 15 heroin addicts and 15 healthy normal subjects are fully decomposed into three levels. Then, using a technique called the coefficient entropy in the feature extraction for pulse signals, two entropy values of selected coefficients on two frequency bands at the third level are calculated for every pulse signal. Every pair of entropy values is then used to form a two-dimensional feature vector. Lastly, applying the technique of support vector machine, 15 heroin addict vectors and 15 healthy subject feature vectors are successfully separated into two classes. The research results show that the method presented in this paper is really effective for identifying the human pulse signals of heroin addicts.


Deterrence strategies for deviant consumer behavior are criticised for their 'one size fits all' approach. In two studies, this paper examines how the size of harm and size of victim influences consumer perceptions of deviant consumer behavior. Deterrence strategies are recommended that overcome the differences in consumer perceptions of deviance.


1.
Conservation and rehabilitation efforts for lake sturgeon Acipenser fulvescens throughout the Great Lakes include the re-establishment of self-sustaining stocks in systems where they have been extirpated.

2.
Information on the suitability of potential lake sturgeon habitat in tributaries is important for determining their capacity to support lake sturgeon stocking and to develop system-specific rehabilitation strategies.

3.
Geo-referenced habitat information characterizing substrate composition, water depth, and stream gradient were applied to a life-stage specific lake sturgeon habitat suitability index in a geographic information system to produce spatially explicit models of life-stage specific habitat characteristics in five northern Lake Michigan tributaries from which lake sturgeon have been extirpated.

4.
Habitat models indicated that high quality lake sturgeon spawning and staging habitat comprised 0 to 23% and 0 to 9% of the available habitat, respectively, whereas high quality juvenile lake sturgeon habitat was relatively ubiquitous throughout each river and comprised 39 to 99%.

5.
Comparison of these data to lake sturgeon habitat availability in Lake Michigan tributaries currently supporting populations indicated that spawning and staging habitats may limit the ability of these systems to support spawning. Efforts to re-establish lake sturgeon populations in these systems should consider the creation of spawning and staging habitat to increase reproductive and recruitment potential prior to the initiation of stocking efforts.

Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Recent CMS soft QCD results in proton-proton collisions at three LHC center-of-mass energies are highlighted. The properties of minimum bias events such as charged particle transverse momentum spectra, event-by-event multiplicity distributions, the production of the strange particles are measured. Particle correlations, such as long- and short-range angular correlation as well as Bose-Einstein correlation are studied. Characteristics of the underlying event and comparisons to MC tunes have been made.


Abstract The surgical repair of descending thoracic and thoraco-abdominal aortic aneurysms is a challenging procedure carrying high rates of perioperative complications. The best outcomes are achieved in highly specialized centers with optimal contingency plans and a high throughput of cases. Spinal cord ischemia is one of the most devastating complications affecting 5-20% of patients, with permanent paraplegia/paraparesis resulting in 2-3% of patients. It is one of the major determinants of morbidity, mortality and decreased quality of life in patients undergoing thoraco-abdominal aneurysm repair procedures. In this article, we review the mechanisms of spinal cord injury and the optimal perioperative strategies in preventing and managing these complications.


Henning P. Duus (email@example.com) is Associate Professor of Political Science at the Danish Army Academy, Frederiksberg Palace, Copenhagen, where he teaches international relations, conflict studies, and international law. He has been with the Danish military since 1988. Before that he was a research fellow at the Institute of Political Science, University of Copenhagen. He earned his BA and MA in political science and the history of ideas from the University of Aarhus, Denmark. He is currently preparing for his BA in the science of religion and minority studies at the University of Copenhagen.


The use of mobile technologies in learning has attracted much attention from researchers and educators in the past decade. However, the impacts of mobile learning on students' learning performance are still unclear. In particular, some schoolteachers still doubt the effectiveness of using such new technologies in school settings. In this study, a survey has been conducted by reviewing the 2008-2012 publications in seven well-recognised Social Science Citation Index SSCI journals of technology-enhanced learning to investigate the applications and impacts of mobile technology-enhanced learning. It is found that mobile learning is promising in improving students' learning achievements, motivations and interests. In addition, from the survey, it is found that smartphones and tablet PCs have gradually become widely adopted mobile learning devices in recent years, which could affect the adoption of sensing technologies in the future. Accordingly, several open issues of mobile learning are addressed.


The case describes the history of Bata (Pakistan) together with relevant information on major competitors in Pakistan's footwear industry. Bata started as a vertically inte grated manufacturer and soon dominated the industry. The development of the leather export industry and growth in consumer buying power in the eighties, selective imposition of sales tax in the mid-eighties, and lowering of trade barriers in the twenty-first cen tury, resulted in the emergence of firms specializing in different stages along the value chain. When this occurred, Bata's wide scope and vertical integration no longer re mained a source of competitive advantage, and resulted in threats from inexpensive imports and leaner and more specialized firms. The case allows students the opportunity to analyse outsourcing decisions, issues related to franchised versus company-owned stores, and introduction of global brands, in the context of a highly competitive and rapidly changing industry.


OBJECTIVE
To elucidate the association of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) at baseline with subsequent progression of albuminuria in individuals with type 2 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
This was a single-center retrospective cohort study of 6,618 Japanese adults with type 2 diabetes and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio of <300 mg/g, comprising 2,459 women and 4,159 men with a mean (± SD) age of 60 ± 12 years. The exposure was baseline estimated GFR (eGFR) (mL/min/1.73 m2), treated as a categorical variable and classified into five categories: ≥90, 75-90, 60-75, 45-60, and <45, as well as a continuous variable. The outcome was progression of albuminuria category (i.e., from normoalbuminuria to micro- or macroalbuminuria or from micro- to macroalbuminuria). Hazard ratios (HRs) for the outcome were estimated using the multivariable Cox proportional hazards model. In the analysis treating baseline eGFR as a continuous variable, the multivariable-adjusted restricted cubic spline model was used.

RESULTS
During the median follow-up period of 6.3 years, 1,190 individuals reached the outcome. When those with a baseline eGFR of 75-90 mL/min/1.73 m2 were considered the reference group, HRs (95% CIs) for the outcome in those with a baseline eGFR of ≥90, 60-75, 45-60, or <45 mL/min/1.73 m2 were 1.38 (1.14-1.66), 1.34 (1.14-1.58), 1.81 (1.50-2.20), or 2.37 (1.84-3.05), respectively. Furthermore, the inverse J-shaped curve was more clearly shown by the spline model.

CONCLUSIONS
This study of Japanese adults with type 2 diabetes suggests that both high and low GFRs are implicated in the pathogenesis of albuminuria progression.

ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS
Glomerular hyperfiltration may induce kidney damage. We asked whether glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is associated with subsequent development and progression of albuminuria in people with diabetes. This retrospective cohort study of 6,618 adults with type 2 diabetes has shown that both an estimated GFR (eGFR) ≥90 mL/min/1.73m2 and an eGFR <75 mL/min/1.73m2 at baseline were risk factors for the subsequent category progression of albuminuria. This study suggests that both a high and low GFR are implicated in the pathogenesis of albuminuria development and progression in people with diabetes.


The root structure is an important factor for plant's life.We can get quantitative description of root structure from fractal dimension(FD).From the study of potted peach we found that the value of FD was diverse in different water condition.FD value in flooding and drought treatment was smaller than ck.FD value of recovery treatment was bigger than that of control group.


Kawabata is one of Japan's leading writers. Kawabata's works are a place to preserve and preserve old traditional values becoming a miraculous bridge to bring Japan across the ocean to the whole world, and to bring the world to the land of beautiful cherry blossoms. Therefore, his works have been the object of many large and small research projects domestically and internationally. Within the scope of the article, we have conducted surveys of works and articles on traditional cultural symbols in Kawabata's novels under the following angles: Biography, Poetry, Psychoanalysis and Culture, thereby, affirming the talent and the unique art style of Kawabata. Beauty is at the heart of culture and art in Japan so Kawabata's writing point of view also focused on the ultimate beauty including its expression and the way in which it is expressed.


During the last decade, mitochondria-associated ER membranes (MAMs) have emerged as critical signaling, metabolic and trafficking hubs involved in the regulation of multiple cellular processes including autophagy, inflammation, signaling and apoptosis (Csordas et al., 2018; Phillips & Voeltz, 2016; Rowland & Voeltz, 2012). MAMs are zones of close membrane proximity where the ER and mitochondria membranes are tethered by multiple linker proteins, allowing direct exchange of key metabolites and ions, such as lipids and Ca, between these two organelles that are not connected by the classical vesicle-transport routes. While the mechanism and proteins involved in Ca transport at the MAMs are well characterized, our knowledge on how lipids are exchanged between these two organelles is still rudimentary, especially in metazoa, as the lipid transfer proteins (LTPs) have just started to be identified. Writing in EMBO Reports, Yeo and colleagues (Yeo et al., 2021) reveal a new role of the mitochondrial protein PTPIP51 (also known as Regulator of Microtubule Dynamics, RMD3) in lipid transfer at MAMs. PTPIP51 has been previously shown to be a tether that bridges ER and mitochondria membranes via interaction with the ER protein VAPB, thus facilitating Ca transport to mitochondria (Stoica et al., 2014). However, the exact biochemical function of PTPIP51 beyond ER-mitochondria tethering had so far been unclear. PTPIP51 possesses tandem FFAT motifs involved in the binding to VAP (Di Mattia et al., 2020; Mikitova & Levine, 2012), a coiled coil (CC) domain and a large C-terminal globular domain, the tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) whose role in PTPIP51 function remains enigmatic. With over 100 TPR structures deposited in the protein data bank, the TPR domain has established itself as a major protein-protein interaction module (Blatch & Lassle, 1999). A diverse array of protein ligands has been seen to bind within the TPR cleft. These do not share any common sequence or secondary structure. Moreover, the diversity of the ligand and the amino-acid residues that line the binding cleft of the TPR domain produce highly specific TPR binding domains. Yeo and colleagues reveal a novel role for the TPR of PTPIP51 in binding and transferring phospholipids that is unusual if compared to the established proteinprotein interaction mode of other TPR domains. On this line, Yeo and colleagues show that interaction of PTPIP51 with VAPB is not mediated by the TPR domain but by the tandem FFAT-like motif. Then, they provide evidence that suggests that the PTPIP51 TPR-domain is involved in phospholipid binding and transfer at MAMs. The authors present the X-ray structure of the TPR domain of PTPIP51 and biochemical evidence in vitro and in situ for a lipid binding and transfer function. They propose that the PTPIP51−VAPB complex might be the counterpart of the yeast ER–mitochondria encounter structure (ERMES) complex, responsible for phospholipid transportation at MAMs (AhYoung et al., 2015; Kornmann et al., 2009; Tatsuta et al., 2014). Although other LTPs are also present at contact sites between ER and mitochondria (i.e. ORP5/8, PDZD8, VPS13A), the unexpected finding that the PTPIP51 TPR domain could be involved in lipid trafficking at the same interface is very intriguing and naturally deserves closer scrutiny. However, before we discuss this, it would be useful to draw some information from structures that are known to be lipid trafficking proteins (LTPs) at regions of close membrane apposition, including MAMs. There are several major families of LTPs that localize at membrane contact sites, each containing a core lipid-binding/transfer domain (Giordano, 2018), that include oxysterol-binding protein (OSBP)-related proteins (ORD), START, START/VASt, PITPs, PRELI-like, and SMP domains, that collectively act as tethers, lipid sensors, or transporters at multiple contact sites (Giordano, 2018). Looking at examples of such


Background To assess the necessity or not of the addition of fusion to decompression for lumber degenerative spondylolisthesis patients.Method Potential publications were selected from PubMed, Web of Science and Cochrane Library. Gray relevant studies were manually searched. We set the searching time spanning from the creating date of electronic engines to August 2019. STATA version 11.0 was exerted to process the pooled data.Results Six RCTs were selected in our analysis. A total of 650 participants were divided into 275 in the decompression group and 375 in the fusion group. Our meta-analysis showed negative results generally. No statistic differences were found in VAS score for low back pain (WMD, -0.045; 95%CI, -1.259 to 1.169; P=0.942) and leg pain (WMD, 0.075; 95% CI, -1.201 to 1.35; P=0.908), ODI score (WMD, 1.489; 95% CI, -7.232 to 10.211; P=0.738), EQ-5D score (WMD, 0.03; 95% CI, -0.05 to 0.12; P=0.43), Odom's classification (OR, 0.353; 95%CI 0.113, 1.099; P=0.072), postoperative complications (OR, 0.437; 95% CI, 0.065 to 2.949; P=0.395), secondary operation (OR, 2.541; 95% CI 0.897, 7.198; P=0.079) and postoperative degenerative spondylolisthesis (OR=8.59,P=0.27). Subgroup analysis in VAS score on low back pain (OR=0.77, 95% CI, 0.36 to 1.65; P=0.50) was demonstrated as no meaning as well.Conclusion The overall efficacy of the combination of decompression and fusion is not found to be superior to decompression alone. At the same time, more evidence-based performance is needed to supplement this opinion.


The effects of minor Cu (0–0.29 wt%) and Mg (0–0.1 wt%) additions on the microstructure, electrical conductivity, mechanical, and creep properties of 8xxx aluminum conductor alloys were studied. The microstructure evolution was investigated using an optical microscope and the electron backscattered diffraction technique. The creep property was characterized by the primary creep strain and the minimum creep rate during creep deformation. The results demonstrated that additions of minor Cu and Mg reasonably improved the ultimate tensile strength but slightly reduced electrical conductivity. The addition of Cu remarkably decreased the primary creep strain but had a negligible effect on the minimum creep rate, leading to a beneficial effect on the short-term creep resistance but no advantage to the creep resistance under the long-term creep process. The minor addition of Mg greatly reduces both the primary creep strain and minimum creep rate, resulting in a significant and effective improvement in the creep resistance.


Rats with portacaval shunt (PCS) were used as a model of hepatic encephalopathy and compared to sham operated controls. Neurochemical studies in rats have demonstrated increased activity of MAO in brain cortex and cerebellum at 20, 40, and 60 days after surgery. The greatest increase of MAO activity was seen 60 days after PCS.


Ghana is a west African country bordered on the south by the Atlantic Ocean, and the north, east, and west by the Republics of Burkina Faso, Togo, and Ivory Coast respectively. It has a population of 20,771,382. Prevalence of blindness is estimated at one per cent. It currently has 52 ophthalmologists and 216 ophthalmic nurses (National Eye Care Secretariat), with nearly half of the ophthalmologists (19) located in the national capital and its environs. The health sector attracted 7.9 per cent of government budget in 2002 and 12.3 per cent in the 2006 budget. Currently there is a comprehensive national health insurance policy being implemented that covers most of the common eye operations done in the country.


This paper concerns studies on smooth transonic flows with nonzero vorticity in De Laval nozzles for a quasi two dimensional steady Euler flow model which is a generalization of the classical quasi one dimensional model. First, the existence and uniqueness of smooth transonic flows to the quasi one-dimensional model, which start from a subsonic state at the entrance and accelerate to reach a sonic state at the throat and then become supersonic are proved by a reduction of degeneracy of the velocity near the sonic point and the implicit function theorem. These flows can have positive or zero acceleration at their sonic points and the degeneracy types near the sonic point are classified precisely. We then establish the structural stability of the smooth one dimensional transonic flow with positive acceleration at the sonic point for the quasi two dimensional steady Euler flow model under small perturbations of suitable boundary conditions, which yields the existence and uniqueness of a class of smooth transonic flows with nonzero vorticity and positive acceleration to the quasi two dimensional model. The positive acceleration of the one dimensional transonic solutions plays an important role in searching for an appropriate multiplier for the linearized second order mixed type equations. A deformation-curl decomposition for the quasi two dimensional model is utilized to deal with the transonic flows with nonzero vorticity.


The current market climate of low commodity prices has prompted initiatives by resource companies to streamline operations by reducing costs. BHP Billiton Iron Ore's mineral processing assets are a significant component of business ‐ by targeting machinery for improvement in this area, the potential for minimising the impact of poor market conditions can be improved. To reduce capital and operating costs of feeders, which control the flow of ore from hoppers to conveyor belts, an investigation was initiated to test the hypothesis that existing feeders are operating significantly below design loads. By analysing operational data from BHP Billiton Iron Ore's Port Hedland facilities and comparing the loads experienced by feeders in operation to design loads, the level of confidence in this hypothesis, as well as understanding of the loads experienced by feeders, was improved. The key finding of the study is that actual feeder loads are between 40% and 60% of design loads. Combined with historical data, this indicates that the accepted design method may be unnecessarily conservative. Further data analysis on a wide range of feeder-hopper systems shall enable the accepted method of feeder design to be improved, thereby reducing the capital and operational cost of feeders, their drive systems, and their supporting structures.


Neural Networks (NN) can be used with plants as system controllers for the most tracking control systems. One of neural controls is the model reference control in which one NN is used as the identified plant, the other as the Neural Controller (NC) based on the identifier. The response under neural control is not good enough in general, such as poor tracking behavior shown in steady-state error, and poor response under variation of plant's parameters. With a PID control in parallel with the NC, all drawbacks mentioned above can be alleviated accordingly. By using particle swarm intelligence, parameters of PID can be easily found.


Brushless three-phase synchronous motor involving a rotating AC exciter on the same shaft as the motor and with the windings linked through a shaft-mounted rectifier is widely put to practical use as medium and large capacity machines. However, the motor needs to fit with damping windings for self-starting outside of the field winding in the rotor and needs to equip discharge resistance with complex electronic device to dispose of electromagnetic force induced in the field winding at starting. Therefore, the rotor structure is very complex, and there are disadvantages especially for robust and high reliability required generally to motor.In order to solve this problem existing in traditional motor, authors proposed a brushless three-phase synchronous induction motor with two stators and one wound rotor. This problem is solved because the proposed motor is two stators structure: The rotor winding operates as the secondary winding of induction motor at starting and as the field winding at synchronous operation.The motor can self-start as a wound-rotor induction motor without external secondary resistance. Therefore, discharge resistance is not necessary; the starting equipment is very simple and the rotor structure is robust. It is possible to start with high torque.In this paper, the basic constitution of the proposed motor and the principles of operation are described in detail. The experimental results at starting and pulling into synchronism are shown for confirming the principles of operation and the experimental and the numerical results of the starting characteristics, the load ones, the generating ones are shown: the practical use of the proposed motor is confirmed.


This study concerns the synthesis of novel multi block polyurethane (PU) copolymers containing eco-friendly segments, taking the advantage of ionic liquids (IL)s under microwave irradiation. For this, L-leucine anhydride cyclodipeptide (LAC) was prepared and then a new class of poly(ether-urethane-urea)s (PEUUs) was synthesized with two types of ILs, including room temperature imidazolium (RTIL)s and molten ammonium type ILs. ILs were used as reaction media and PUs were prepared via two-step polymerization method. Polymerization reaction was also conducted under conventional heating method in N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP) as reaction solvent. In the first step, 4,4′-methylene-bis(4-phenylisocyanate) (MDI) was reacted with LAC to produce isocyanate-terminated poly(imide-urea) oligomers as hard segment. Chain extension of the resulting prepolymer with polyethyleneglycol (PEG) of molecular weights of 400 (PEG-400) was the second step to furnish a series of new PEUUs. These multiblock copolymers are optically active, thermally stable and soluble in amide-type solvents. PEUUs prepared in ILs under microwave irradiation showed more phase separation and crystallinity than PEUU prepared under conventional method. Some structural characterization and physical properties of these PEUUs, prepared under different methods, are reported and compared. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011


Objective To evaluate the effect of the electromagnetic irradiation of ladar army on neurobehavioral function of military task population.Methods 40 workers exposed to electromagnetic irradiation and 20 controls were investigated with questionnaire survey,profile of mood state and some other neurobehavioral function tests.Results Of all the rational symptoms,visual fatigue is ware obvious in the irradiation group and fatigue of POMS form of irradiation group have significant increased.The sum of the pursuit aiming test and the second self intercrossing test have obvious decreased.Conclusion The mood state,hand operation ability and work efficiency in occupational people are affected by electromagnetic irradiation.


Hybrid Wireless Optical Broadband Access Networks (WOBAN) are the cost effective solution to overcome the increasing demand of the bandwidth. However, there is significant mismatch in the performance of the wireless and optical part. In the wireless part of WOBAN, a packet has to travel through several hops due to which the data packet has to incur a significant delay. In this paper we propose a Delay Sensitive Routing Algorithm (DSRA) which significantly reduces the delay in the wireless part. The proposed DSRA treats the data on the basis of delay sensitivity. Simulation results show a significant improvement in the overall performance of WOBAN.


The author would like to thank Dr. Lorien Abroms for her continued mentorship and support throughout the process and the following members of the Quit4Baby Research Team for all the research effort: Dasha Afanaseva, Shelby Fallon, Laura Macherelli, Whitney McInvale, Nisha Radhakrishnan, Indira Singh and Snigdha Velugu. The author would like to thank the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health Research for funding this research (award number R44DA035017). Ever use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) among U.S. adult smokers has increased rapidly in recent years, from 9.8% in 2010 to over 32% in 2012. Currently, there is a scarcity of data to help guide decisions regarding the potential harm and benefits of e-cigarettes. To our knowledge, only three randomized trials to date have examined the efficacy of these devices for smoking cessation. However, previous observational studies has found positive relationship between e-cigarette use and cigarette reduction or cessation, even among smokers who had no intention to quit. This study examines whether pregnant smokers who used e-cigarettes are more likely to quit smoking than those who had never used e-cigarettes.


The work reports on the measurement of energetic electrons produced by focusing the Vulcan petawatt pulse onto the edge of a supersonic gas jet. During the experiment, the laser consistently produced 650 fs duration pulses delivering /spl sim/ 180 J on target and generating intensities greater than 3 /spl times/ 10/sup 20/ W/cm/sup -2/. Ion acceleration from the interaction of the laser pulse with a underdense plasma using a laser power 1000 times the critical power is also performed for the occurrence of relativistic self-focusing. Strong correlation between maximum ion energy vs. plasma density is found which is also confirmed by simulations.


In recent years, some fiscal conservatives have argued that reducing tax revenues and increasing budget deficits is an effective strategy for limiting federal spending. This strategy is commonly known as "starve the beast." Niskanen (2006) convincingly demonstrates that reductions in federal revenue do not limit the growth of federal expenditures. Instead, he finds statistically significant evidence that revenue reductions actually stimulate the growth of federal spending. However, proponents of starve the beast argue that low federal revenues might be able to limit the growth of certain components of the budget, such as nondefense discretionary spending. Similarly, others argue that federal revenue reductions might be more effective at limiting expenditure growth during times of peace. However, my analysis strengthens Niskanen's original research by finding that his results are consistent across time. Furthermore, I find that reductions in federal revenues constrain neither the growth of peacetime federal spending nor the growth of nondefense discretionary spending.


This study is undertaken to identify the relationship between the disproportion of education distribution among domestic population as well as the economic growth towards the disparity of income allocation in Malaysia. By using 31 years (1974–2004) data on student enrolment at three levels of educations (EDNEQ), the Gini index, Gross National Product (GNP) growth rate, per capita
GNP and annual total population, the variables are tested by employing Augmented Dicky Fuller (ADF) unit root test, Least Square and Correlation Matrix. Consistent
with Psacharopoulos (1977) and Lopez (2005), we found that the education variation and growth are positively associated to the income inequality. Then, from the inverse outlook, the income disparity still has a positive relationship to the educational inequality. This study had utilized two models that applied by Psacharopoulos (1977) in evaluating educational difference (EDNEQ), while modifying the regression used by Ram (1981 and 1984) to estimate the inequality of income distribution (YINEQ) among Malaysian households.


This chapter looks at how the role of France in the demise of the Society of Jesus turned out to be as pivotal as the Italian Augustinians had hoped it would be. The plotting and planning began in Rome after Clément's visit there in 1758–1759. Regretting that the Damiens affair in France had not led to a general assault against the Jesuits, Bottari suggested that in order to extinguish the Society without recourse to the papacy, it would "suffice if other important princes such as the King of France or Spain would slay them in his realm," in which case other states might follow suit. At that point Bottari found inspiration in the example of Portugal, and it is there that the process began.


Expression of the human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I genes has been shown previously to increase at the transcriptional level following exposure to interferon-γ (IFN-γ). In this report we have examined the molecular mechanisms involved in the IFN-γ-induced transcription of the human MHC class I gene, HLA-E. Functional analysis of CAT reporter gene constructs under the control of the HLA-E promoter transfected into U937 cells revealed the presence of a distinct IFN-γ-responsive element, termed the interferon response region (IRR), that was necessary and sufficient to mediate the response to IFN-γ. This cis-acting regulatory sequence contains an imperfect inverted repeat; the 5′-half of the IRR resembles the IFN-γ activation site (GAS), and the 3′-half of the IRR resembles the interferon-stimulated response element (ISRE). Gel mobility shift assays demonstrated that the IRR bound a single, specific, IFN-γ-induced complex (IRR-AC), which was formed rapidly following treatment with IFN-γ and was independent of protein synthesis. Competition experiments with GAS and ISRE sequences from other IFN-inducible genes showed that GAS sequences competed for the IRR-AC, whereas ISRE sequences did not compete. Mutational analysis demonstrated that point mutations in either the 5′-half or 3′-half of the IRR prevented binding of the complex and abrogated or markedly reduced the IFN-γ responsiveness of reporter gene constructs. Supershift analysis revealed that the IRR-AC contains a factor that was recognized by antibodies specific for the protein STAT1α (signal transducer and activator of transcription). Taken together, these findings suggest that the mechanism of IFN-γ-induced transcription of the HLA-E gene is distinct from that of other MHC class I genes.


In this paper the selection process of the orthogonal array in turning of AISI D2 steel is discussed, the outermost 2 mm thick oxide layer was removed from the surface of all the specimens (D2 steel) by rough turning with PVD coated ceramic inserts. Longitudinal turning tests were conducted on the specimens held on rigid and high precision CNC lathe using coated ceramic inserts. Turning tests have been performed for various combinations of cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut. The design of experiments was based on Taguchi method. The average values of tool flank wear (VB) and surface roughness (Ra) were measured at the end of each experiment. The average flank wear was monitored with the help of a tool maker's microscope and surface roughness was measured with a surface roughness analyzer. The experiments were interrupted at regular intervals to record average values of tool flank wear and surface roughness of the machined surface. Each single pass was carried out over an axial cutting length of 190 mm. The experiment was terminated when either of the following two conditions was reached: Condition 1: VB≥200 μm; Condition 2: Ra ≥ 1.6 μm. For this case the Orthogonal Array of L (OA) 9 (3) 3 has been selected, Where, 9 means number of trials, (3) means number of levels of each factor, ( ) 3 means number of factors.


In modern conditions, the media reality appears as the most active element of the real world rather than an artificial parallel to it. Cooperation between these worlds happens for the account and by means of the person for whom, as in the old times, any fetishism and direct transfer of the realities of one world into another is hostile.


Ra s esearch and practice seem antithetical to one another. A schism exists between research professionals and teaching professionals. While researchers and teachers have much to learn from one another, often they do not find common ground for their respective endeavors until tudy requires researchers to look closely into schools. Even then, researchers and teachers have little to do with each other and generally do not interact in ways that inform either group's practice (Baker &Herman, 1983 ; Gullickson, 1984 ; Rudman, 1987 ; Rudman et al., 1981) . Since researchers, especially measurement experts, do not do much in the way ofon-site school research, their literature is often obscure to school practitioners (Baker & Herman, 1983) . What we have is a curious problem. Teachers do not make much use of research products in the conduct of their practice, and researchers do not discuss the implications of their research with teachers . In fact, it would seem that practitioners talk to practitioners about the craft, and researchers talk to researchers about their craft . This is a two-sided problem that seems significant . It can be thought of in the same vein as the Puritan practice of "bundling." In winter, Puritan teenage couples were over dressed and wrapped separately in tightly woundblankets . Then they were laid in a bed where they could talk and spend time together, but not touch. In the case of practitioners and researchers, there seems to be an academic "bundling," where they occupy the same bed ofendeavor but enjoy no real contact .


At the dawn of a new decade, particle physics faces the challenge of explaining the mystery of dark matter, the origin of matter over antimatter in the Universe, the apparent fine-tuning of the electroweak scale, and many other aspects of fundamental physics. Perhaps the most striking frontier to emerge in the search for answers involves New Physics at mass scales comparable to that of familiar matter—below the GeV scale but with very feeble interaction strength. New theoretical ideas to address dark matter and other fundamental questions predict such feebly interacting particles (FIPs) at these scales, and existing data may even provide hints of this possibility. Emboldened by the lessons of the LHC, a vibrant experimental program to discover such physics is underway, guided by a systematic theoretical approach that is firmly grounded in the underlying principles of the Standard Model. We give an overview of these efforts, their motivations, and the decadal goals that animate the community involved in the search for FIPs, and we focus in particular on accelerator-based experiments.


Article history: Received April 15, 2020 Received in revised format June 8, 2020 Accepted July 27 2020 Available online July 27 2020 This study aims to explore the role of personal value and broaden knowledge of perceive value and performance in business-to-business markets. A sample of 189 distributors was surveyed to test the theoretical model. The study focuses on paint and coating industries. Data was analyzed with partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) method. The hypothesized relationship that personal value drives information sharing, logistic performance, information support, and product quality, which is based on existing literature in channel behavior and relationship marketing, did not fit well with our data. Some drivers did not have significant effect on distributors' perceived value. Finally, the distributors's perceived value is a determinant of business performance. The paper also systematically addresses the antecedents of customer perceived value and performance from the perspective of distributors. The results of this study suggest that manufacturers should invest more effort in personal value with their key distributors to enhance the value of the relationships with those distributors. The managerial implications of the findings are considered, and the limitations along with future research directions in B2B channel relationship are discussed. . 0 by the authors; license Growing Science, Canada 202 ©


Abstract Recent work in cognitive science highlights the importance of exemplar-based know-how in supporting human expertise. Influenced by this model, certain accounts of moral knowledge now stress exemplar-based, non-sentential know-how at the expense of rule-and-principle based accounts. I shall argue, however, that moral thought and reason cannot be understood by reference to either of these roles alone. Moral cognition—like other forms of 'advanced' cognition—depends crucially on the subtle interplay and interaction of multiple factors and forces and especially (or so I argue) between the use of linguistic tools and formulations and more biologically basic forms of thought and reason.


We introduce "temporal lensing": a technique that concentrates a relatively low-bandwidth flood into a short, high-bandwidth pulse. By leveraging existing DNS infrastructure, we experimentally explore lensing and the properties of the pulses it creates. We also empirically show how attackers can use lensing alone to achieve peak bandwidths more than an order of magnitude greater than their upload bandwidth. While formidable by itself in a pulsing DoS attack, attackers can also combine lensing with amplification to potentially produce pulses with peak bandwidths orders of magnitude larger than their own.


Thirteen cases of dystrophia myotonica are reported in brief. All presented some radiological abnormalities of the skull. The most constant changes were a small to very small pituitary fossa, thickening of the calvarium, and hyperostosis interna. There was enlargement of the sinuses in some and in two the mandible was elongated. We believe the high incidence of these changes cannot be coincidental, and it is held they should now come to be accepted as some of the variable features of dystrophia myotonica.


Objective:To establish a HPLC method for determination of puerarin in Jiaoge soft capsule. Methods:The chromatographic condition was as follows:a column of Hypersil ODS (250mm×4.6mm,2.5μm),a mobile phase consisting of CH_3OH-CHCl_3-1.5% glacial acetic acid (22: 1: 77),and a UV detector at 250nm. Results: The method has a linear range of 0.042~0.210mg·mL~(-1), r=0.9999, and a mean recovery rate of 100.4% with a RSD of 1.17%. Conclusion:The HPLC methods are simple and accurate,and can be used in quality control of Jiaoge soft capsules.


Centred upon the notion of the flow map, which was first developed in the mid-nineteenth century, but has found significant popularity amongst researchers in a variety of fields over the past couple of decades, this chapter attempts to denaturalize this concept of "flow" as it is utilized in geography, and in social theory more broadly, in order to illustrate the potential risks that arise when attempting to represent change or movement over time in a spatial form through the deployment of this metaphor. Emphasizing the inherently productive (and hence ideological) nature of mapping, which does not merely represent a pre-given external reality, but actually helps construct our empirical experience of the world, the chapter begins by tracing the history of the flow map, from its early origins in ancient Rome through to its contemporary popularity enabled by geographic information systems. Following this, it examines the usage of the metaphor of flow in the social sciences, concentrating particularly upon the work of Arjun Appadurai and Manuel Castells, before investigating in detail the way in which the conflation of the flow map with this latently metaphysical understanding of flow offers a problematic means for reducing time to space, and risks normalizing and even ontologizing certain elements of the socio-economic and technical environment that it is attempting to graphically represent.


IEEE POTENTIALS The International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT 2004) ran from 30 August to 1 September 2004 in Joensuu, a lovely city in eastern Finland. The organizers were IEEE's Technical Committee for Learning Technologies, the IEEE Computer Society and the University of Joensuu (Joensuun Yliopisto). Welcoming words were given by Perttu Vartiainen, Rector of the University and professors Erkki Sutinen (Joensuu), CheeKit Looi (Singapore) and Kinshuk (New Zealand), as members of the conference committee. ICALT had a full schedule of sessions that included technical papers (both full and short papers), panels, workshops, and poster sessions. In such a busy schedule, it was unavoidable to miss interesting presentations when they were scheduled for the same time in different locales. That "issue" even motivated some of the participants to take their breakfast time, early in the mornings – to discuss which presentations should be attended each particular day. What I appreciated at this conference was the absence of, so-called, vendor-driven presentations. As a result, this conference was more scientific. Although this year's ICALT was held in IEEE's Region 8, many participants came from Australia, Japan, Canada, USA, South America countries and so forth. In my opinion, one of the best key-points made was the need to support various forms of cooperation between the academic communities and lower levels of education. In particular, the workshop, Technology for Education in Developing Countries (TEDC), offered a lot of presentations from the third world. As a result, the other participants as well as the audience learned more about projects like "AMUNET," a radio network between a university and the local schools in rural areas; "LuTec," a research program for local development of new tools and strategies for education. After the main part of the conference was over, those who wanted to stay in Joensuu a day or two more, got a friendly welcome by the people of Joensuu Science Park (Joensuun Tiedepuisto). ICALT 2004's "Business Day" gave us the chance to taste the local wines and specialties from the Finnish kitchens, and to learn more about working in such an inspirational environment. Business Day showed how easy it could be for engineers, artists, librarians and business people to work at the same place and on behalf of all parsties' mutual interests. Contacts and discussions with local officials, the opening ceremony of the new library, as well as the giving of the international "Intelligent Ergonomics Prize," were part of that interesting event. The young and modern city of Joensuu (app 50,000 citizens) was an exciting place for most of the participants. In fact, the majority of us have never heard about that remote


This research on Transformative Intervention in Managing Effectively (TIME) human resources contains the principles on how to PROCESS behavior in the workplace, needed in attaining the goals of any institution. It envisions the essentials of how to process behavior of the individual in the workplace in order that he becomes socially responsible, inter-dependent, functionally productive and GODLY. By GODLY, it means people-oriented, pro-life, and pro-nature. Specifically, it is love of one-self, love of others, love of all the things made by man, and the things that GOD can only create. It is focused on the problems in managing people in the organizations and on the principles in understanding transformative interventions in managing effectively human resources. It upholds the basic principles that, to change the unwholesome behavior of an individual in the workplace to wholesome behavior, PROCESS should take place. For a change within to happen, a fundamental process must first take place. An effective and vital tool to process people in the organization is through a well-organized training or seminar. This study concludes that when an individual is processed to become a transformed person – he manifest the behavior in the workplace as socially responsible, interdependent, functionally productive and Godly employee. ISS & MLB―September 24-26, 2013


This article has no abstract.

Keywords:

metathetic ring closure;
metathetic ring closure;
ring-opening cross-metathesis;
ring-opening metathetic polymerization;
metathetic ring closure;
ring-opening cross metathesis;
useful preparations;
metathetic ring closure;
cross-metathesis;
[2 + 2 + 2]cycloaddition;
radical addition;
general aspects;
metathetic ring closure;
ring-opening metathesis;
other cross-metathesis reactions;
diene synthesis;
tandem reactions;
protection-deprotection;
quinoline synthesis;
isomerization;
radical additions;
general aspects and new metathesis catalysts;
cross-metathesis reactions;
metathetic ring closure;
tandem reactions;
addition to triple bonds;
deallylation;
redox condensation;
general aspects and new metathesis catalysts;
cross-metathesis reactions;
metathetic ring closure;
multiple metatheses;
polymerization;
tandem reactions;
miscellaneous reactions;
general aspects and new metathesis catalysts;
cross-metathesis reactions;
metathetic ring closure;
tandem reactions;
isomerization;
maleic esters;
modified and new metathesis catalysts;
metathetic ring closure;
cross-metathesis;
tandem reactions;
miscellaneous reactions


In this paper, we argue that aggregating highly-referenced plan content into a common planning document will minimise the inefficiencies of creating and using multiple plans. We further argue that doing so will enhance the overall planning system used to manage complex design projects. Our hypothesis will be tested using the results found from an industry case study conducted at a multinational advanced scientific instrument manufacturing company referred to as Company X for this paper. Company X has implemented such a planning system. We will first determine what content should be included in the Master Project Plan. We will then compare this result to the content that is actually included in the Master Project Plan in use at Company X. The case study confirmed that the planning content referenced for a typical design project was extensive and somewhat varied amongst engineering personnel.


The utility model relates to a tank device that purges the CO2 in the exhaust of gas engines directly, belonging to air protection field, which comprises a regular gas engine exhaust pass, a cylindrical anti-corrosion potassium hydroxide solution treatment tank and a spring pallet. A control valve, a pressure meter and a safety valve are arranged at a suitable position of the regular gas engine exhaust pass, the pressure meter is movably joint connected with the exhaust pass and provided with a plurality of small inhale tubes, the spring pallet is propped on the treatment tank and fixed on the attachments of the gas engine for supporting the tank. The utility model is characterized in that the cylindrical tank welded with inhale tubes and a sealed cover and treated with anti-corrosion potassium hydroxide solution can be used both as a purge reactor for the solution and CO2 and NOX and a tank for the by-products of potassium hydroxide. The utility model has the advantages that 1. The exhaust of CO2 in the exhaust of gas engines can be basically purified; 2. The value of the by-products is higher than the investment materials; and 3. The cost the device is low and the development value is huge without pollution.


Although earthquakes do not occur frequently in Ghana, damaging earthquakes with magnitudes greater than 6.0 on the Richter scale have been recorded in the past. Attempts to ensure that buildings are provided with adequate seismic resistance have generally been directed towards the provision of a modern seismic code for the design of reinforced concrete structures. This approach however does not address the problem posed by the majority of buildings which are one and two storey structures constructed by craftsmen and other individuals. These buildings are essentially non-engineered and this paper examines building practices used in the construction of such buildings. The paper finds that many of these buildings will not be able to withstand levels of seismic action that lead to peak ground accelerations greater than 0.25g without excessive damage. The paper proposes simple rules for the construction of one and two storey buildings based on observed behaviour of similar buildings in earthquakes. The rules are intended for use by builders and those responsible for enforcing building regulations.


Calculation results of the Monte Carlo method of the average energy of the electrostatic interaction between the quarks are presented to the neutron and proton. The proposed model of the distribution of quarks in protons and neutrons is possible to assess the area which included a strong (gluon) interaction. Given the fact that the probability of finding a quark in the field with strong interaction is less than one, there is a good agreement between the experimental and calculated values of the mass difference between the neutron and the proton.


We show that the size of the intersection of a Hermitian variety in $\PG(n,q^2)$, and any set satisfying an $r$-dimensional-subspace intersection property, is congruent to 1 modulo a power of $p$. In particular, in the case where $n=2$, if the two sets are a Hermitian unital and any other unital, the size of the intersection is congruent to 1 modulo $\sqrt q$ or modulo $\sqrt{pq}$. If the second unital is a Buekenhout-Metz unital, we show that the size is congruent to 1 modulo $q$.


Problem, research strategy, and findings: Form-based codes (FBCs), by definition, put more emphasis on built-form characteristics than do traditional zoning codes. Several municipalities are adopting FBCs as an alternative to Euclidean (traditional) zoning codes to achieve certain objectives; however, the extent to which these codes differ in integrating important planning and design criteria has not been examined. We use a case-study method and evaluate the extent to which the FBCs adopted by the City of Miami (Miami 21), as compared with the city's previous code (Ordinance 11000), reflects the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design for Neighborhood Development (LEED-ND) criteria. We evaluate the contents of these codes on a 5-point scale for their concordance with LEED-ND criteria. The results indicate that Miami 21 generally goes beyond Ordinance 11000 in reflecting LEED-ND criteria; however, some of the important criteria, such as mixed-income diverse communities and certified green building, deserve more attention in Miami 21. Takeaway for practice: Planners in municipalities seeking alternatives to their traditional zoning code should not only consider replacing it with an FBC, but also to integrate planning principles that LEED-ND incorporates to strengthen the proposed code. They can benefit from the findings of this study when determining the extent to which certain built-form characteristics and LEED-ND criteria should be emphasized and in choosing an appropriate alternative to traditional zoning codes.


Objective: To analyze the mRNA expression of omentin mRNA level in intestine of mice before and after oral glucose uptake and to observe the effects of omentin on insulin sensitivity in C2C12 myotubes.Methods: Total RNA of intestine in mice before and after oral glucose uptake was isolated by TRIZOL method.Semi-quantitative RT-PCR was performed to quantitate the expressions of omentin.The uptake of 2-Deoxy——D-glucose was used to observe glucose transport.Western blot was performed to quantitate Akt(Ser473) phosphorylation.Results: The omentin mRNA level in intestine of mice 30min after oral glucose uptake was significantly decreased as compared with before glucose ingestion(P0.05).60min after glucose intake,the omentin mRNA level recovered up to the level before uptake.Glucose transport test revealed that C2C12 myotubes treated with omentin for 10 minutes did not influenced basal glucose transport,but significantly increased insulin-stimulated glucose transport(P0.05).Omentin and AICAR significently increased Akt(Ser473) phosphorylation of C2C12 myotubes in the presence of insulin(P0.05).Conclusion: The expression of omentin in intestine of mice is regulated by glucose uptake.Omentin increases Akt phosphorylation in C2C12 myotubes in the presence of insulin,which may contribute to increase insulin sensitivity.


The establishment of science centres in New Zealand coincided with reforms of the way scientific research was conducted and funded and a low-point in career prospects for scientists. For political and financial reasons, most New Zealand science centres sacrificed their independence and became associated with museums and now receive much of their funding through local authorities. This could have assisted in their promotion of the public understanding of science; but the availability of educational funding through a "Learning Experiences Outside the Classroom" scheme motivated the development of educationally oriented programmes targeted to school-children. Despite this emphasis, there is no firm evidence that the centres have had any influence in increasing the popularity of science within education. Moreover, the centres have become perceived predominantly as places for children. International trends suggest that regaining the adult audience might be possible through greater emphasis on scientific research outcomes and their social and economic implications, rather than interactive exhibits portraying scientific principles through idealized and simplified laboratory experiments. In New Zealand, the popularity of science festivals — initiated a few years ago — and the recent growth of café scientifiques, offer promise in this direction. Additional funding for these and research-based exhibitions might yet come from a component of research grants being required to be spent on the promotion of research to the public.


Anomaly detection has been one of the most important applications of datamining, widely applied in industries like financial, medical,telecommunication, even manufacturing. In many scenarios, data ...


This study was aimed to figure out the influence of effectiveness degree of learning process on basic competences of accounting cycles at service companies on students' learning achievements using mediating effects of self-efficacy and students' learning motivation variables. This was exploratory research which was conducted from February to May 2017. The research population was class XII social students in Sleman Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta who had learned basic competences to practice accounting cycles at service companies based on 2013 Curriculum at the academic year of 2016/2017. The research samples were 238 students selected using stratified random sampling technique. Data gathering techniques employed questionnaires and documentations. The data then were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Partial Least Squares SEM. The results of the research revealed that: 1) the effectiveness degree of accounting learning process had positive influence on students' learning motivation; 2) the effectiveness degree of accounting learning process had positive and significant influence on students' self-efficacy; 3) the effectiveness degree of accounting learning process had positive and significant influence on students' learning achievements; 4) learning motivation had positive and significant influence on students' learning achievements; 5) self-efficacy had positive and significant influence on students' learning motivation; 6) self-efficacy had positive and significant influence on students' learning achievements.


This essay drew lessons from and gave an analysis of the legislative practice and the legal system currently in force as well as the judicial interpretation in different countries.It did a description of and a probing into such aspects as the object of the limitation(time validity) of legal proceedings,whether it leads to interruption when an accusation is withdrawn(or when it is judged off the docket or rebuttal),the limitation of invalid civil lawsuit acts and the terms to protect interest person beyond the limitation of legal proceedings.


Objective:To investigate the curative effect and safety of hydroxychloroquine and methotrexate(MTX) for treating rheumatoid arthritis(RA).Methods:120 cases of RA were randomly divided into the treatment group and control group,60 cases in each group.The treatment group was given hydroxychloroquine and MTX,while the control group was given MTX and sulfur-nitrogen sulfasalazine.The improvement of joint symptoms,change of erythrocyte sedimentation rate and adverse reactions of drugs were observed and compared in the two groups.Results:In 4 weeks,the improvement of symptoms in the treatment group was 52.8%,which was significantly higher than 37.0% in the control group(P0.05),the effective rate was 63%,which was significantly higher than 43% in the control group(P0.05).In addition,the control group resulted in higher serum alanine aminotransferase and aspart aminotranferase,and the treatment group had lower values of these two indexes.The adverse reaction rate was 8.01% in the treatment group and 13.52% in the control group.Conclusion:Hydroxychloroquine combined with MTX could markedly alleviate the symptoms,shorten the time of symptom improvement with lower adverse reaction rate and good tolerance,which is worthy to be popularized.


enlargement; as a result there were 20-25 mining companies and 2-3 processing plants in Galicia at the beginning of the 20th century.


Preliminary experiments demonstrated that near infrared spectroscopy (n. i. r.s.) could be used to measure the amount of mould (Botrytis cinerea or Alternaria tenuissima) added to fresh tomato homogenate. In subsequent work, fresh tomatoes that had been allowed to become mouldy were used to prepare a series of tomato purees containing known quantities of mouldy fruit. N.i.r.s. of the freeze-dried puree was again successful in estimating the amount of contamination as per cent mouldy fruit. Regression analysis selected wavelengths which could be associated with absorption bands of chitin, the major carbohydrate in the cell walls of moulds. It may therefore be possible to utilise n.i.r.s. as a screen for mould in tomato purees if the present success with B. cinerea and A. tenuissima can be extended to the complete range of moulds encountered in tomato products.


Summary Several peptidase activities in the 3 species of Group N streptococci were partly separated by gel filtration on Sephadex G-200. The peptidases identified were a general aminopeptidase of wide specificity, a tripeptidase, a proline iminopeptidase (prolyl-β-naphthylamidase), a proline iminodipeptidase and an aminopeptidase-P. The effects of temperature and pH on the stability of the enzyme activities, and the influence of the type of N source used in the growth medium on the elution pattern of the enzymes were examined.


The setup used throughout this work has been designed for single-shot, ultrafast electron diffraction with electron bunches generated by photoemission of 100 keV, 100 μm, 100 fs, and 100 fC, using bunch compression with a radio-frequency cavity. Elements which have recently been added to the setup include a new sample chamber, compensation for the earth magnetic field, automation of the setup, and elements to enable pump-probe experiments. Improvements to the setup are recommended for the laser system, the electron beam alignment, and the detector.


This study investigates character of bimetallic cylindrical component that contains has an outer ring and inner solid cylinder throughout open die forging process. AISI 1020 steel are used for the outer ring and Brass and Copper for the core. Process has been performed both experimentally and analytically by using FEM simulation software, DEFORM. Two different models have been considered to show material flow and the cavity took place over the interface during forming after %15, %30 and %40 reductions. Steel is outer ring material for each model. Brass is inner material for Model 1 and Pure Copper is inner material for Model 2. These produced models has been forged to %15, %30 and %40 reduction by the help of parallel smooth dies in 150 ton press machine. Forming load or final load was recorded. Results have shown that the models had very good interaction with interior block and outside ring and the contact between interior block and the outside ring had a different interface character with changing in assembly height. This gives an idea about producing bimetallic parts including brass and copper via this method.


In this Viewpoint, JAMA Network Open editors review the journal's more important articles advancing scientific understanding of COVID-19 in the first 6 months o