Making a start from V.B.Kataev's formula complexity of simplicity which universally characterizes Chekhov's creativity S.A.Komarov reflects on an art phenomenon of plays Seagull and «the Cherry garden». In the center of the scientist's attention is the language of Chekhov's dramas. The selected foreshortening is connected with the writer's thoughts of the nature's language and conformable philologists' works modern to Chekhov. First of all, A.A.Potebnya and A.N.Afanasev. S.A.Komarov researches a problem of «naming heroes» in both plays in detail, he doesn't limit himself to an establishment of etymology and tracing intertext connections, but each time correlates semantics of the name to the art concept of product, revealing the cultural-metaphysical plan promoting its specification and understanding.


The most direct and effective method to evaluate vehicle handling is by measuring driver feeling, which is however, influenced by many factors. First, a large-scale experiment was carried out, and the influence of driver characteristics was discussed using quantification analysis, effective in integrating and determining the influences of many factors. Following this, a handling test was carried out using instrumented vehicles. The results showed that driving characteristics were greatly influenced and nonlinear, relative to age and sex. For this research, the subjects age and sex did not affect the relationship between driver feeling and vehicle response parameters, therefore, normalization by driver skill was introduced to reduce driver bias. Consequently, the results were improved remarkably. A scaling and optimization method was also applied to linearize driver feeling and data. It can be concluded that methods such as normalization, scaling and optimization were effective in achieving correlations between the data and can even be used for ordinary driver data with low responds consistency.


This experiment aimed at comparing growth performance and survival of four Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ) strains called CESP, Pernambuco , Santa Catarina and Thailand in sex reversal phase. Thirty Nile tilapia fries were stocked in 4.5L aquaria (6.66 fries/L) with recirculation system and water temperature control. The fishes were fed with ration containing 60mg/kg of 17 alpha-methyltestosterone, six times a day during 30 days. The experimental design was randomized with four treatments (strains) and seven replications. Total length, weight gain, specific growth rate, survival rate and sexual reversion efficiency were submitted to Anova, means compared by Tukey test and sex reversion by qui-square means. Santa Catarina and Pernambuco strains demonstrated better sex reversion efficiency when compared with CESP and Thailand . Thailand and Santa Catarina strains showed better values of survival, growth performance and specific growth rate than CESP and Pernambuco strains. Thus, Thailand and Santa Catarina strains are more indicated to rear in recirculation system during sex reversal phase.


The task of model validation deals with quantifying the extent to which predictions from a particular model can be relied upon as representatives of the true behavior of the system being modeled. This issue is of great importance in assessing the reliability and safety of structures since in most cases their quantification relies on predictions from sophisticated probabilistic models. The paper describes a formalism that will extend the realm of the model to include all aspects of data collection and parameter calibration. Error estimators are developed that permit the quantification of the value of computational efforts (mesh refinement) versus analytical efforts (model refinement) and experimental effort (data acquisition and analysis). Starting with the hypothesis that the material properties of a given medium can be modeled within the framework of probability theory, a very rich mathematical setting is available to completely characterize the probabilistic behavior and evolution of the associated random medium under an external disturbance. The probability measure on the material properties is uniquely transformed into a probability measure on the state of the medium. A computational implementation of related concepts has been developed in the framework of stochastic finite elements and applied to a number of problems. Clearly, great value can be attributed to the ability of performing the forward analysis whereby the probability measure on the state of the system is completely characterized by the measure on the material properties. The assumed probability measure on the material properties, however, is greatly dependent on the amount and quality of data used to synthesize this measure. As this measure is updated, estimates of the performance of the underlying natural or physical system change. Significant interest exists therefore in developing the capability of controlling the error in the probabilistic estimates through designed data collection. The mathematical setting adopted in this paper for describing random variables is ideally suited for treating this problem as one of data refinement. A close parallel will be delineated between this concept and that of adaptive mesh refinement, well established in deterministic finite elements. Underlying this latter problem, are issues related to error estimation that are relied upon to guide the adaptation of the refinement. The paper develops a similar "data refinement" concept and highlights the basic underlying principles.Copyright © 2002 by ASME


The mechanics of charged particle motion is presented in a five‐dimensional form compatible with the five‐dimensional Kaluza theory of the electromagnetic field. Gauge dependence is given an intrinsic geometrical interpretation and the role of generalized momenta is clarified. The theory is a new example of a mechanical system with constraints and offers an interesting exercise in canonical quantization with a nonstandard Poisson bracket.


Introduction and Background.- Modelling the Small Body Environment.- Equations of Motion.- Properties of Solutions to the Equations of Motion.- Methods of Analysis and their Application.- Ballistic Motion on and about Small Bodies.- Powered Motion on and about Small Bodies.- Mechanics of Multi-body Small Body Systems.- Advanced Topics and Future Applications.


The paper chooses 8 kinds of representative analyzing methods of pile foundation,they are Poulos boundary integral method,Randolph method,Poulos Randolph method,Butterfield boundary element method,Chow mixing method,W.Y.Shen variational method,improved variational method,through establishing relative calculating procedure,the paper try to compare several calculating methods from aspects of method base and principle as well as calculating results.


Optical fibers are used extensively in high energy physics, as well as in communication. Fibers in medium and high radiation environments show considerable damage. This damage can be quantified as a reduction in the transmission length, which is a function of the transmitted wavelength. The primary observed damage in a fiber is due to the cladding material. Damage is observed even at low levels of irradiation. Quartz fibers damage less than plastic fibers.


Focusing on the situation that green time lose present at pre-timed or sensing control urban signalized intersections with obviously fluctuated vehicle arrival rates in movements because of lack of dynamic traffic schemes in phases. For minimize the loss of passing time, a new control method based on dynamic schemes of movements in phases is proposed in this paper. It steam from the concept of compatible traffic movements and we calculate the possible schemes of compatible movements by vector calculus. To take keeping the loss time of green phase minimal as the goal, the optimization control method of dynamic schemes of movements in phases is obtained by analyzing. The control schemes of movements in phases obtained by the methods can accommodated timely to the intersections which have stochastic and fluctuated vehicle arrival rates and it can also minimize the delay time and improve passing efficiency.


is the integration and combination of all these different sources without regard to their authors' religious or ethnic affiliations, putting them all on equal footing and correlating them amongst each other" (p. 119). Thus, Ibn Khaldun was able to delve into the sphere of non-Islamic monotheistic religions after coming to Egypt. In Part Three, the author states correctly that Ibn Khaldun's autobiography (his Tarif) constitutes one of the most original accomplishments of his "Egyptian Phase", though there are many shortcomings and limitations. A very interesting facet of Ibn Khaldun's character is hinted at by the author: "He seemed to have been very restrained in expressing in his Tarif the many acts of kindness which this emir [Emir al Jubani] accorded him after his arrival in Cairo, without whom he would never have reached this pinnacle of success" (p. 164). Professor Fischel has made many distinguished contributions to the study of Ibn Khaldun. Deftly interweaving Ibn Khaldun's public functions with his historical research (1382-1406) in Egypt, Professor Fischel enables us to understand Ibn Khaldun as a great historian more correctly. This book is a valuable and admirable work, convincingly presented and fully documented, with rich and well-arranged footnotes, and primary sources as well. The bibliography attached will be most useful to students.


Learning from structured data,such as graphs,is an important problem in machine learning.Kernel method is regarded as a powerful solution to such a problem.This paper focuses on molecular graph classification and,following Swamidass et al.'s work,proposes an improved method using combo-dimensional kernels.The proposed method first constructs 2D kernels combined with 1D information to describe chemical characteristics,and to describe physical characteristics,it then constructs 3D kernels based on geometrical information and related molecular mechanics knowledge.Furthermore,inspired by ensemble learning with multiple dimensions,the method finds the optimal kernel combination by quadratically constrained quadratic programming.Experiments show that the proposed method outperforms existing algorithms.


Significance Allostery is a common strategy used by nature to transmit information in proteins, including membrane signaling systems, wherein binding of one ligand affects avidity for binding another ligand in a distal site. Methods are needed for elucidation of functional groups that are critical for coupling between the binding sites, which we call allosteric participants. Identifying and characterizing allosteric participants is important for understanding the allosteric mechanism and crucial for developing new drugs. We develop an NMR method to detect allosteric participants that relies on their multistate nature, and we apply this method to a membrane protein, the potassium channel KcsA. We confirm the importance of specific amino acid side chains for allostery through analysis of binding affinities. Allosteric couplings underlie many cellular signaling processes and provide an exciting avenue for development of new diagnostics and therapeutics. A general method for identifying important residues in allosteric mechanisms would be very useful, but remains elusive due to the complexity of long-range phenomena. Here, we introduce an NMR method to identify residues involved in allosteric coupling between two ligand-binding sites in a protein, which we call chemical shift detection of allostery participants (CAP). Networks of functional groups responding to each ligand are defined through correlated NMR perturbations. In this process, we also identify allostery participants, groups that respond to both binding events and likely play a role in the coupling between the binding sites. Such residues exhibit multiple functional states with distinct NMR chemical shifts, depending on binding status at both binding sites. Such a strategy was applied to the prototypical ion channel KcsA. We had previously shown that the potassium affinity at the extracellular selectivity filter is strongly dependent on proton binding at the intracellular pH sensor. Here, we analyzed proton and potassium binding networks and identified groups that depend on both proton and potassium binding (allostery participants). These groups are viewed as candidates for transmitting information between functional units. The vital role of one such identified amino acid was validated through site-specific mutagenesis, electrophysiology functional studies, and NMR-detected thermodynamic analysis of allosteric coupling. This strategy for identifying allostery participants is likely to have applications for many other systems.


IFRS Implementation is an important issue in preparing a financial statement. The purpose of this research is to examine the effectual difference of  health financial ratio toward finacial statement quality and use of Prudent Accounting as a moderating variable before and after implementation of IFRS. The sample used are financial companies that were registered in the Indonesian stock exchange (BEI) between 2008-2016, through secondary data resource and sample data collection  through the purposive sampling method. The hypothesis was tested through Moderating Regression Analysis (MRA). The result of this research reveals that Capital Ratio, Net Perfoming Loan (NPF) dan Gearing Ratio have different effects toward a financial statement's quality and Prudent accounting has influence over the relationship between Gearing ratio toward a financial statement before and after implementation of IFRS. The reasearch reveals that the prudent variable is the most influental variable prior to IFRS implementation and a variable moderating prudent toward Gearing ratio is most influental variable after IFRS implementation. Keywords : capital ratio, non performing finance ratio, return on asset


Objective:To observe the therapeutic effects of TCM Comprehensive Therapy on the gerontal patients with cholelithiasis,which included oral Ziyin Rougan Paishi Tang,auricular-plaster and umbilicus therapy.Methods: 61 cases of elderly gallstone patients were randomly divided into TCM-Comprehensive- treatment group 31 Cases,and the control group 30 Cases,which were treated with oral Ziyin Rougan Paishi Tang alone.Then observe the clinical therapeutic effects of two groups.Results: The total efficiency of the treatment group was 93.55%,while it was 80% in the control group.By statistical treatment,there was significant difference between the two groups(χ2=9.875,P0.05).The clinical therapeutic effects in the treatment group were significantly higher than that in the control group.Conclusion: The TCM comprehensive therapy is more effective on gerontal patients with cholelithiasis.


— In this paper we consider the problem of localization in wireless sensor networks and propose a distributed algorithm that helps unknown nodes to determine confident position estimates. The proposed algorithm is robust to range measurement inaccuracies and can be tailored to varying environmental conditions. The proposed position estimation algorithm considers the errors and inaccuracies usually found in signal strength measurements. We also evaluate and validate the algorithm with an experimental testbed. The test bed results indicate that the actual position of nodes are well bounded by the position estimates obtained despite ranging inaccuracies. The node localization problem in mobile sensor networks has received significant attention. We propose a fuzzy logic-based approach for mobile node localization in challenging environments. Localization is formulated as a fuzzy multilateration problem. For sparse networks with few available anchors, we propose a fuzzy grid-prediction scheme. The fuzzy logic-based localization scheme is implemented in a simulator and compared to state-of-the-art solutions. A hardware implementation running on Epic motes and transported by iRobot mobile hosts confirms simulation results and extends them to the real world.


By taking the issue of speed or slowness as an entry point, this research questions the way in which the design or adaptation of mobility infrastructures reveals a change in the relationship to space-time. This work is unique in that it recognises the importance of the materiality of these transformations and locates them in a particular context, that of the city and agglomeration of Brussels. At the interface between town planning, architecture, mobility studies, social sciences and aesthetic philosophy, this work analyses the mobility infrastructures that articulate functionality and aesthetics as constantly evolving sensitive environments - whether socially, phenomenologically or materially. Cities are built to be traversed at certain speeds. The rhythm of the facades, the height of the buildings, the width of the traffic lanes… all are designed with reference to practices of speed and slowness to induce a particular experience of the city. My research focuses on the evolution of urban planning arrangements designed for the different forms of mobility that are considered to be fast and slow, and on the evolution of ways of being mobile and experiencing one's environment that these arrangements encourage. These elements are analysed as those through which the imaginaries (Castoriadis 1975) of speed and slowness are "embodied" in the city - i.e. these worldviews represent reality and, by giving meaning to the environment and to actions, are essential to ways of thinking and acting. These embodiments share the urban space and are interwoven at different scales. Indeed, despite the fact that we can move faster and faster (and communicate remotely), speed has not replaced slowness. On the contrary, city users deploy a range of speeds to move about the city — some of which are more valued in certain parts of the city and may be considered innappropriate in others. Speed and slowness are defined, on this spectrum, according to constantly evolving benchmarks that go beyond the question of pace and rhythms. With the slowing down of cars and the acceleration of active mobilities, bicycles travel at speeds closer to those of an urban car than to those of a pedestrian. Slow mobilities - in their accelerated, sporty, fun and


The aim of this work is to study the dynamics of one-dimensional
Klein-Gordon anharmonic chains of interacting bosons.
Especially, we focus our attention on the quantum version of
Hamiltonian perturbation theory, which allows us to achieve the
Hamiltonian of our bosonic system written in normal form.
More precisely we show that Hamiltonian normal form of the quoted
system consists in a Bose-Hubbard-like Hamiltonian.
We consider both the case of short-range and long-range (all-to-all)
interaction. We also treat the case of disordered chains with a distribution of the local potentials.


Film images produce film worlds, as they are, were, and could be. In the conceptualization of the experience of these film worlds and their created film images, film theory and philosophies of film frequently frame their arguments in the terms of a metaphysical enquiry; questioning whether what exists lies beyond our experience, or positing that objects of experience constitute and even transform reality. As global media networks rapidly and intensively increase the circulation of digitized life-images, and the technologies of film shift the traditional disciplinary understanding of that image, necessarily, the reception, theory and diagrammatization of film worlds has also changed. The terms of analysis of the images of film worlds seek to articulate positions on the status of the film image, variously; as affective, canonic, ideological, indexical, imaginative, immaterial, experiential, locational, national, neurological, perceptual, political, as readymade, as sensorially constituted, and so on. These various positions are articulated in relation to the theorist or philosopher as a spectator, participant, or producer in and of the film world, by which they position themselves and or the film world as a constituted, dynamic, incomplete, mediating, or incomprehensible "reality." Analyses concerning the reality as produced by film worlds range according to the modes of applied methodology used; from the anxiety concerning the technologically driven changes in image production that occurred between analogue and digital in the 1990s (eg Rodowick 2007 describes these in terms of the 'virtual life' of film), to the recognizable lines of post-Platonic analytic investigations (Carroll 1988; Currie 1995) or post-Bergsonian (Munsterberg 1970; Pisters 2012) or post-Frankfurt (Hansen 2012) reflections on film worlds. This paper will examine some differences and divisions in methods and systems of approaches of the metaphysical diagrammatization of the film experience, and compare film philosophy's various positions on the constitution of and assumptions about the reality of film worlds.


ABSTRACT Based on the conservation of resources theory and social learning theory, this study looked into the impact of parental childhood maltreatment (CM) history on their children's aggressive behavior (CAGG) by examining the sequential mediation effect of parental psychological capital (PPC) and harsh parenting (HP). A total of 471 Chinese parents with preschool children reported on CM, psychological capital, and harsh parenting. Besides, children's aggression was reported by their mothers. The results illustrated that parental CM is related to children's aggressive behavior through the sequential mediation of psychological capital and harsh parenting. Interventions that reduce harsh parenting and increase parental psychological capital may prevent deleterious effects of parental childhood maltreatment history on child aggressive behavior.


In this essay, I will suggest a framework for understanding the evolution of conceptions of lawyers' obligation to serve the public. Historically, the first way of viewing the lawyer's role was as a member of America's governing class. Second came cause lawyering on behalf of a particular issue. Third, and most recently, arose the idea of pro bono lawyering, a less ambitious incarnation of the governing class lawyer who contributes time to helping cause lawyers. These categories are not rigid: for each individual they may overlap to one degree or another. This framework is preliminary and requires further research and development. Nonetheless, it provides a useful tool for explaining how lawyers--and in particular the heroic lawyers described in this symposium--connect to public service and for identifying a basic strategic question the bar must answer in determining how best to encourage lawyers to engage in public service in the future.


Introduction: The Present study is an attempt to assess the level of lead in blood in general population and it's Impact on intelligence. Methods: A random sample of 70 children between the ages of 1-12 year's residing in and around Gwalior region, attending Pediatrics OPD of GRMC Gwalior, constituted the material for study. A detail history and examination was done to asses various factor affecting lead status of child. Blood lead level was assessed at DRDE Gwalior and Intelligence was also assessed simultaneously. Results: On data analysis more than 50% off study group was found to have blood lead level above safe level (10 mcg/dl). On analysis of effect of raised lead level on intelligence, it was found that raised blood lead level was associated with decrease in IQ. At various lead levels IQ status were as following, at lead level of 0 - 5 mcg/dl; IQ 96.64%, 5 - 10 mcg/dl; IQ 94.33%, 10 - 15 mcg/dl; IQ 89.05%, 15-20 mcg/dl; IQ 79.75% and at lead level more than 20 mcg/dl; IQ 73.8%. This decrease in intelligence level with increase in blood lead level was statically significant. Conclusion: A healthy appearing child may have silent lead poisoning affecting his intelligence without clinically apparent symptoms and signs until much later in life. High degree of suspicion, in a child with history of pica and poor nutrition status should be there for early diagnosis.


The glass-forming regions of BaF2-Ga2O3-GeO2and BaF2-GaF3-GeO2systems were investigated when fluoride was introduced into the barium gallium germanate glass.The effect of the components on the thermal properties of glass was analyzed by differential thermal analysis.The results show that the glass-forming region decreases with the increase of fluoride component number.For barium gallium germanium system with fluoride,the crystallization temperature of Tx has a maximum value and the transition temperature Tg has a minimum value when the Ga content increases.When the content of Ga is constant,Tx also appears a maximum value when the BaF2 content increases.In the molar fraction,for the BaF2-Ga2 O3-GeO2 system,the optimal content of Ga2 O3 in 20BaF2 series glass is 16.5%,and the optimum BaF2 content of 15Ga2 O3 series glass is 15.5%.For the BaF2-GaF3-GeO2 system,the optimum GaF3 content of 10BaF2 series glass is 20.0%,and the optimum BaF2 content of 15GaF3 series glass is 10.0%.


Fuel reduction treatments are often designed to achieve multiple resource management objectives in addition to reducing potential fire hazard. In the White Mountains of Arizona State (U.S.A.), the 2014 San Juan Fire burned through several thinning prescriptions designed to achieve wildlife habitat objectives. Many studies have documented reduced fire severity for a standard set of fuel treatments, but the range of variability in fuel treatment effectiveness for alternative treatment designs is poorly understood. We used nonlinear mixed-effects modeling to estimate the distance into the treated area at which fire severity decreases and randomization tests to compare forest structure. High-severity fire effects were estimated to be reduced between 114 m and 345 m into the treated area. The range of variability in observed-distance high-severity fire effects persist into the treated area and, in conjunction with estimated relationships between posttreatment forest structure and severity, can inform the design of alternative fuel treatment prescriptions with various target prescriptions. We found that as cover was maintained in a treatment unit for wildlife habitat, the size of the fuel treatment necessary to observe a reduction in severity needs to be larger. Our study will inform decision makers on the size of treatments required to accomplish management objectives.


Rotary clap pumps were developed to convert the positive displacement reciprocating pumps into rotary version in positive displacement pumps. To predict the pump performance and efficiency, the pump flow and torque loss were analyzed based on Newton's viscosity law. Using these analyzed results, the optimal design parameters were studied, and the pump performance were predicted.


Abstract Mediation has long been the preferred method for dispute resolution in China because it serves multiple functions, such as maintaining harmonious social relationships, smoothing away discord, and repressing social conflict. The sustaining forces that support mediation, however, have been weakened since the late 1970s with the profound economic and social transformation, cultural changes, and legal reforms that have taken place in China. As a result, mediation faced unprecedented challenges and was on the wane in the 1990s in urban China and some rural areas. To address this problem, the Chinese government has been making efforts to revitalize mediation since the late 1990s. This study discusses the social and cultural background under which mediation declined during the 1990s; examines the differently evolving patterns of mediation in urban and rural China; discusses the recent reform policies and practices aimed at reviving mediation; and, finally, explains implications for future development of mediation and research.


In this paper efficiency of the different types of the admittance criteria is described during faults with high value of the fault resistance. The two types of fault are considered: high- ohm resistance in the fault loop and unbalance of the phase load caused by discontinuity of the line feeder with simultaneous occurrence of the ground-fault located behind the gap. Values of the zero sequence signals of current and voltage during those types of faults are shown.


In proteins and peptides, d-aspartic acid (d-Asp) and d-β-Asp residues can be spontaneously formed via racemization of the succinimide intermediate formed from l-Asp and l-asparagine (l-Asn) residues. These biologically uncommon amino acid residues are known to have relevance to aging and pathologies. Although nonenzymatic, the succinimide racemization will not occur without a catalyst at room or biological temperature. In the present study, we computationally investigated the mechanism of succinimide racemization catalyzed by dihydrogen phosphate ion, H2PO4−, by B3LYP/6-31+G(d,p) density functional theory calculations, using a model compound in which an aminosuccinyl (Asu) residue is capped with acetyl (Ace) and NCH3 (Nme) groups on the N- and C-termini, respectively (Ace–Asu–Nme). It was shown that an H2PO4− ion can catalyze the enolization of the Hα–Cα–C=O portion of the Asu residue by acting as a proton-transfer mediator. The resulting complex between the enol form and H2PO4− corresponds to a very flat intermediate region on the potential energy surface lying between the initial reactant complex and its mirror-image geometry. The calculated activation barrier (18.8 kcal·mol−1 after corrections for the zero-point energy and the Gibbs energy of hydration) for the enolization was consistent with the experimental activation energies of Asp racemization.


Criminal justice processes target a limited range of 'crimes' or 'harms' to the exclusion of
many others. Whilst political and public policy attention is often focused on procedures and
processes, there is also great value in considering broader issues of social justice across a
spectrum of activities that extend beyond the restricted scope of criminal justice. It is in this
context that we find the work published here of interest. As the briefing shows, the range
of problems and difficulties of everyday life faced by different sections of the population is
complex, interrelated and should ultimately be of concern to anyone with an interest in social
justice. Whilst the categories of 'crime', 'social exclusion' and 'civil justice problems' can be
problematic, this paper usefully draws attention to a number of issues that we feel deserve
much greater attention. As the authors claim, their findings suggest that services aimed
at those people experiencing social problems would be more usefully provided through
common means and methods. Separating out the issues and services aimed at resolving civil
problems, crime and social exclusion often ignores the complex picture of injustices those
deemed 'vulnerable' often face. Of greatest importance is the necessity to begin looking at
these problems in the context of social injustice and the role of structural factors that result in
substantial inequalities. The Civil and Social Justice Survey makes an important contribution to
this debate by providing a basis for further exploration, discussion and debate.


Abstract:The medical complications of narcotic addiction include fungal infections. Although Candida endocarditis is most commonly recognized, it is important to be aware of the occurence of focal infections resulting from transient fungemia with other ubiquitous organisms. A 23-year-old man is repo


Autotransplantation is a procedure which transplants teeth from the original position to other positions in the same individual. It is classified surgical reposition by intraalveolar autotransplantation and transalveolar autotransplantation. The prognosis for successful autotransplantation is dependent on a number of factors such as root development, surgical technique, patient's age, endodontic treatment, time and type of splinting, preservation of periodontal ligament and storage medium. The most important factor is preservation of periodontal ligament. The cause of the failure of transplantation include damage of the transplant during removal from deep palatal malposition, poor regeneration of the bone around the transplant and chronic periodontal infection. In case I, Impacted maxillary canine for which surgical exposure and orthodontic treatment was impossisle was transplanted. After 2 weeks, It showed periapical radiolucency and external root resorption. So, endodontic treatment was done. One year later, permanent filling was done with gutta percha. In case II, Transpositioned maxillary central incisor was transplanted after extraction of impacted mesiodens. Pulp vitality was maintained during 5 months without other clinical symptons.


This work is part of the research line History, Politics and Language Contact in language studies postgraduate program from Universidade Federal Fluminense's Institute of Letters. In this research, the francophonie, in the sociolinguistic sense, corresponds to the collection of people who have in common the partial or total usage of the French language in many different communicative environments. Thus, the francophonie brings together many cultures and linguistic varieties related to the French language as it is used by different social groups. The aim of this work is to investigate where francophonie is situated in the French as a foreign language (FFL) teacher training process in Rio de Janeiro. We investigate how the cultural and linguistic diversity of French language is present in the training of these future
FFL teachers in different public universities which offer this specialty. The theoretical framework is based on the studies developed in sociolinguistics, especially about concepts of language and linguistic variation in the studies of Labov (2008), Gadet (2007), Bagno (2007) and Alkmin (2001); in the works of Petitjean (2009) about representation and linguistic attitude; in the concepts of planning and language policy developed by Calvet (2007), Savedra and Lagares (2012); and, finally, in the studies about francophonie by Calvet (2007), Leclerc (2012), Wolton (2006), Deniau (2001) and Pereira (2006). This work uses a qualitative approach through questionnaires, interviews and documentary analysis as instruments of research. The results show that the study of French culture is focused on FFL teacher training process which were investigated, and also that the Parisian linguistic variety is the most
prestigious in this context.


Background: For effective clinical translation of MSC based therapies in ARDS better understanding of their mechanism of action is needed.  Macrophages are important cellular mediators of MSC immunomodulatory effect. Previously we showed that MSC metabolically reprogram macrophages towards anti-inflammatory phenotype through mitochondrial transfer in extracellular vesicles, but macrophage intracellular signalling pathways were not investigated. Here we evaluated the role of suppressor of Cytokine Signalling 1 (SOCS1) protein and Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 5(STAT5) axis in MSC effect on human macrophage reprogramming. Methods: Human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) were stimulated with LPS or plasma samples from ARDS patients and treated with MSC conditioned medium (CM) or MSC-extracellular vesicles (EVs). SOCS1 and STAT5 protein expression was tested by Western blot, cytokine levels (TNF-a, IL-8) were measured by ELISA. Specific siRNAs or pharmacological inhibitors were used to silence SOCS1/STAT5 expression in MDMs. To evaluate the role of oxidative phosphorylation, MDMs were treated with Oligomycin. Results: MDM SOCS1 expression was downregulated by LPS and restored by MSC-CM. SOCS1 upregulation was dependent on STAT5 phosphorylation. SOCS1 silencing and pSTAT5 inhibition in MDMs impaired ability of MSC CM to suppress macrophage secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. These effects were recapitulated by MSC EVs and required macrophage oxidative phosphorylation, suggesting that mitochondrial transfer via EVs might be involved in the effect. EVs also upregulated SOCS1 and pSTAT5 expression when MDMs were incubated in plasma from ARDS patients. Conclusion: pSTAT5-SOCS1 signalling is a novel pathway involved in MSC macrophage reprogramming in ARDS.


The invention is an automatic monitoring device for navaid light state. It includes dimmer powering primary loop, primary loop monitor and light position monitor in each light pit, the primary loop monitor is arranged with a receiving circuit, the light position monitor is arranged with a ejecting circuit. Its character lies in: there has a emitting circuit in the primary monitor, which includes isolating transformer B0, chopped wave signal ejecting circuit, dimmer reset circuit, chopped wave gating circuit, pulse isolating circuit, control instruction counting and coding N circuit, power industry frequency synchronous CP circuit and control switch K; the light position monitor is arranged with a receiving circuit, which including isolation transformer BMN, special transformer BZ, currentmutual inductor Hn, light position monitor power, follow-up peak sampling circuit, function switch circuit, delay circuit, it realizes the double-direction transmission and control of light position and light station with a long distance.


Molecular dynamics simulation was applied to investigate the mechanical properties of NR/BR blends,and the reasons of their superior performance were interpreted in microstructure.Finally,by calculating binding energy and pair correlation function,the interface interaction and its essence of the blends were elucidated.The results showed that the average binding energy of NR/BR blends was 21.35 kJ/mol,the number of average binding energy was approximately the non-bond energy(17.91 kJ/mol) except energy calibration(-3.64 kJ/mol) produced by program,which meant that interaction between NR and BR was formed by Vander Waals force.


Mathematical methods in and of Definite integrals and Fourier of in Calculation of the rational cutting out of industrial materials for numerical solution of boundary-value problems in the theory of harmonic functions Economic calculation of the best utilization of resources; Functional analysis in normed spaces Mathematical optimal programming in economics Rational cutting out of industrial materials Optimal solutions in Functional analysis


Acute ischemic stroke is a time-dependent disease with great impact on Public Health in Ecuador and in the rest of the world; We address its management, first, clarifying the steps that must be taken from the initial moment of the event until the patient reaches the hospital environment. In this work we find data on the treatment of ischemic stroke with its importance and controversy in the scientific community, and the times in which one treatment or another can be administered. A review is made of the different stages of involvement of health personnel who care for these patients, including the existence of protocols, evaluation of vital signs, and application of scale, among other topics.


With the development of research on preparation and properties of thermoelectric materials,millimicron superlattices thermoelectric thin films have attracted some attention.This paper briefly introduces the structure,mechanism of thermoelectric property and preparation techniques of millimicron superlattices thermolectric materials.Meanwhile,some existing problems and related development trend are pointed out in this paper.


Never before in the history, has the environment pollution drawn such attention of policymakers, academicians and the court in India. The present concern for preservation and conservation of environment arises from the hazardous impact on the human actions. Human demands are increasing day by day with the growth of population and modernization. For a long time many individuals have accepted noise as a part of their environment. The development of various engines, technological machinery in industries, jet planes, automobiles etc all contributed to increasing noisy environment. Noise is now regarded by many people as a pollution component that contributes to deterioration of the environment. Noise pollution is infect a threat to million that could be as dangerous as the pollution of the atmosphere. The recently intensified effort to save the environment has succeeded impressively in bringing the subject to wide public notice. It has helped to identify problems and arise concern. But it has been deficient in solutions. For very good reason effective steps to save the environment will require a highly expert knowledge of governmental machinery, knowledge of political infighting, knowledge of how tough and enforceable legislation might be written and how such legislation has been systematically enacted. The focus of present day policies is to use emission free technologies to be useful in preserving and conserving precious natural environment.


Background: Dental anomalies of teeth are major issue that contributes to dental problems encountered in general practice. The aim of this study is to measure the prevalence of dental anomalies and the associated etiological factors among 15 years old students in Basrah city –Iraq. Materials and methods: The total sample composed of 1000 students (435 males and 565 females) from urban area selected randomly from different high schools in the city. Diagnosis of dental anomalies were recorded by present or absent, diagnosis and recording of enamel defects were done according to the criteria of WHO (1997). Results: The prevalence of hypodontia was 4.6%, Females have higher prevalence than males (5.8% females and 3.0% males), talon cusp prevalence was 37.0% (males 38.6% and females 35.8%), the prevalence of microdontia was 1.4% (males were equal to females 1.4%), the prevalence of supernumerary teeth, fusion, macrodontia and gemination was 0.8%, 0.7%, 0.1% and 0.1% respectively. The prevalence of enamel defects was 30.5%, demarcated opacities prevalence was 23.8%, it is the most prevalent type of enamel defects (males 20.5% and females 26.4%) followed by diffuse opacities 9.1% then enamel hypoplasia 0.4%. Conclusion: This study revealed that secondary school students have dental anomalies, some of them with high prevalence, while other has very low prevalence.


This paper theoretically and empirically investigates the relationship between the Low Cost Carrier (LCC) activity and the level of European Economic Integration (EEI). Furthermore it tests the hypothesis that the effect of an increase in LCC capacity has a stronger effect on the level of EEI than the effect of entering the Eurozone. On the basis of theory it is expected that an increase in the capacity of low cost airlines would positively affect economic integration. LCC capacity is expressed as a capacity share and as the absolute number of LCC passengers. In this paper different models have been tested and I argue that the models based on the absolute number of LCC passengers are the most reliable. However, both varieties deliver mainly negative and significant effects for the LCC activity. The effect of the Euro is significantly positive in the majority of the models. Therefore the hypothesis that the effect of the low cost airlines is at stronger presence than the effect of the Euro should be rejected. Although the results are quite robust, the models suffers from some serious limitations and therefore the results should be interpreted with high caution and future research is recommended.


In view of the development of market economy and the changes of transporation market,it is
necessary for special purpose vehicles to be conducted modularity design.In this paper,according
to the demand of market and structure characteristics of products, some specific measures and
methods are presented in detail when modularity design is used for a series of semi trailers in
our factory.


Moxibustion is one of the external therapeutic methods in traditional Chinese medicine thermotherapy, and it plays an important role in dredging the channel, strengthening body resistance and eliminating evil, warming yang and correcting weakness, promoting qi to activate blood, and regulating yin and yang. The operation is simple, economic, safe and effective, and it has no toxic side effects and is easily accepted by patients, so it can give full play to its unique advantages in the prevention and treatment of diseases and health care. As one of the green comprehensive therapies, the moxibustion has been widely used in different clinical departments. Moxibustion has a characteristic of benign "two-way adjustment" effect on the overall function, and it has its own unique advantages in improving the general status of the patient and mobilizing the body's immune ability, etc.


Tune UP! is a simple yet comprehensive psychodramatic practice that engages cognitive processing, somatic awareness, deep inquiry into core values, and movement. Informed by the principles of neuro...


Objective: To examine the effects of extended-released methylphenidate(Concerta) on clinical improvements and different dimensions(experimental psychological and ecological) inhibition of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD),and to evaluate the correlation between the improvement of ADHD symptoms and that of different dimensions inhibition.Methods: In this self-control study,28 children with ADHD [aged(10.8±1.8) years] were treated with extended-released methylphenidate(18~54mg/d)for 4~6 weeks.ADHD symptoms,including experimental psychological inhibition and ecological inhibition,were assessed with the parent form ADHD-Ⅳ rating scale,Go/No Go task and inhibition subscale of BRIEF before and after the treatment respectively.Results: The scores of the parent form ADHD-Ⅳ rating scale [(32.8±9.2) vs.(20.7±11.9)],inattentive subscale [(18.6±4.1) vs.(11.5±6.1)],hyperactive/impulsive subscale [(14.2±6.6) vs.(9.1±6.6)],inhibition subscale of BRIEF [(1.96±0.52) vs.(1.73±0.43)] and the commission numbers of Go/No go task [(22.0±10.9) vs.(14.8±10.4)] were significantly decreased after the treatment with extended-released methylphenidate(Ps0.05).The reduction rate of the inattentive subscales had positive correlation with that of the commission numbers in the Go/No go task(r=0.415,P0.05),and the reduction rate of the hyperactive/impulsive subscales had positive correlation with that of the inhibition subscale of BRIEF(r=0.500,P0.01).Conclusion:The extended-released methylphenidate not only has significant clinical effects,but also can improve the experimental psychological and ecological inhibition for the children with ADHD.The BRIEF scale has good etiological validities for evaluating the executive functions for ADHD,and the experimental psychological tests are the necessary compensations for executive functions evaluation in clinical practices.


The main block pile foundation of the power plant had been driving number more thany 6000 steelpipe piles with609×12,length about 70m.Based on the arrangement of the project,the 4×3.0m water steel pipes length 120m should be buried lateral nearside of the main block before pile driving,The distance is about 21m between the steel pipe piles and the water steel pipes.It is means the burying construction of the huge size pipes should be sync with pile driving at such as close quarters.This article gives the influence on the huge pipes and protection measure during pile driving.The method was validatedduring the project fulfilled and it will be used for reference.


Abstract Twin birth may represent a challenging event often associated with prematurity. We previously reported on developmental trajectories in preterm children categorized by gestational age. Based on the same study population, in this study we investigated the influence of gemellarity on the neurodevelopment of 73 twins (26.4%) and 207 singletons (73.6%), categorized into three groups according to their gestational age. The age of the achievement of developmental milestones between the three groups and the influence of preperinatal events on neurodevelopment were analyzed. An early neurodevelopmental advantage was detected in preterm twins born between 32 and 33 weeks. Environmental and nurturing factors may explain these findings.


Undoubtedly, phraseological units constitute one of the most fascinating aspects of the language, especially with regard to their illustrative and often abstract meaning contrasted with their equivalents in other languages. Describing the same phenomena, they often emphasise distinct elements. For instance, in English one can lie through one's teeth , however, one neither needs teeth to lie in Polish, as eyes are indispensable ( klamac komuś w zywe oczy ), nor in German – in this case, all that is necessary is somebody's face ( jemandem glatt ins Gesicht lugen ). In order to beat about the bush , cotton is required in Polish ( owijac w bawelne ) and flowers in German ( etwas durch die Blumen sagen ). Nevertheless, in some cases the equivalence rate is considerably high ( lay one's cards on the table – wylozyc karty na stol – die Karten offen auf dem Tisch legen ). However, speaking off the cuff has hardly anything in common with its German equivalent ( aus dem hohlen Bauch heraus sprechen ), whereas the Polish equivalent ( mowic bez przygotowania ) is not even deemed a phraseological unit at all. This article is an attempt at a comparative analysis of selected English, German, and Polish phraseological expressions concerning human communication with regard to both their idiomaticity degree in accordance to typologies by Harald Burger (2010), Christiane Romer and Brigitte Matzke (2005) and the represented equivalence type, based on classifications by Hessky (1992), and Laskowski (2003). Finally, the question regarding the linguistic worldview, the origin of convergences and divergences between the aforementioned expressions, is touched upon.


This paper suggests a new randomized response model useful for gathering information on quantitative sensitive variable such as drug usage, tax evasion and induced abortions etc. The resultant estimator has been found to more efficient than the estimator of the Saha (2007) under some realistic conditions. We have illustrated results numerically.


nia Gravis Foundation of America. She had episodic exacerbations of ptosis, dysphagia, dysarthria and exertional shortness of breath. She was also given short courses of steroids. In the 3rd week after the initial diagnosis, she was started on azathioprine 50 mg 3 times a day and prednisone 40 mg per day as she continued to have exacerbations. Despite the immunosuppressive therapy, she continued to have periodic exacerbations, and she was admitted to the hospital 4 times during the 3 months after initial diagnosis, prior to thymectomy. During thymectomy, cervical and mediastinal lymph nodes were also biopsied and sent off for histopathological examination. Macroscopically, the thymus was small and fibrous and appeared unremarkable. The lymph nodes were soft and nodular. Microscopically, the thymus showed fibrous tissue. The lymph nodes, however, showed an abnormal enlargement of the mantle cell layer. Immunocytochemistry revealed lymphoma cells expressing CD20, CD5, cyclin D1 and Bcl-2 (Fig. 1A, C–I). Bone marrow biopsy (Fig. 1B) with flow cytometry also showed infiltration by lymphomatous cells. The diagnosis was confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with the presence of t(11;14). She was thus diagnosed with stage IV mantle cell lymphoma. Repeated CT of chest, abdomen and pelvis did not reveal any enlarged lymph nodes or other suspicious masses. Colonoscopy was subsequently performed and no evidence of lymphomatous lesions was detected. Her European Cooperative Oncologic Group (ECOG) status was 2. Azathioprine was discontinued and she was started on hyper-CVAD-R (vincristine, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, methotrexate and rituximab) therapy. She is currently asymptomatic, except for mild ptosis of both eyes and an ECOG status of 1 after 4 cycles of 3A and 4 cycles of 3B chemotherapy. Her myasthenia grade is currently 1 and the AchR antibody titer is 5.10 nmol/l. She continues to be on a total of 540 mg pyridostigmine and 5 mg prednisone daily. The patient shows a cancer-free 17-month survival after chemotherapy.


and presentation were equally common (55.9% and 55.1%, respectively) in those with level 1 standards who did not reach level 2, while video elements were less common (51.5%). There was high inter-observer agreement in the scoring (87-91.3%). Even after excluding professional studio recordings provided by EAU, there was a consistent trend of chairpersons and moderators outperforming presenters in terms of level 1 standards (31.6% vs 13.7%, p < 0.001). The only exception was seen in the industry sessions where more presenters met level 1 standards (48.1% vs 30.8%, p [ 0.29). Qualitative analyses revealed a wide range of styles used including the interesting use of automated voice-over narrations seen only in poster sessions (1.2%) which could overcome language barriers. In the presentations that met level 3 standards, the use of professional video and audio editing tools was evident and helped optimised the delivery of the scienti fi c content for viewers. CONCLUSIONS: A high proportion of virtual presentations did not achieve a reasonable minimum standard for scienti fi c communica-tion during the virtual #EAU21 meeting. Simple technical measures can signi fi cantly improve the quality of virtual presentations and ensure a better viewer experience. Further training will help the scienti fi c com-munity communicate more effectively in the virtual and hybrid meeting era. INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: In our previous work, we showed that technical skill scores, obtained via manual ratings, are stronger predictors of patient continence recovery following robot- assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) than other objective measures of surgeon performance. In this study, we automate the scoring of suturing technical skills through computer vision (CV) methods, laying the groundwork to provide surgeons with skills feedback. METHODS: 22 surgeons completed a (cid:3) sub-stitch and four skill entry, Needle 3 raters after The CV framework extracted from RGB and optical fl ow frames (inputs) using a pre-trained AlexNet a skills assessment classi fi cation. To improve model performance, our framework also exploited auxiliary supervision (using instrument kinematic data the training phase only) and an attention mechanism 1a). RESULTS: This study included 15 expert surgeons (median caseload 300 [IQR 165-750]) and 7 training surgeons (0 [IQR 0-8]). In all, 226 virtual sutures were captured. Automated assessments for Needle positioning performed best with the simplest CV approach (video only; AUC 0.691; Figure 1b). Assessment of the remaining suturing skill domains bene fi ted from each of the additional CV components (auxiliary supervision and attention) when deployed separately (0.604 > AUC < 0.794). Deploying such components in unison resulted in the best performance, particularly for Needle driving and Needle withdrawal skill domains (AUC 0.960 and 0.879, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated the best perfor- mance of automated assessment of suturing technical skills to date. Advanced techniques including auxiliary supervision and attention mechanisms , CV-based assessments can provide automated feedback to training surgeons.


Characteristics of the wave sources, energy propagation and conversion for anomalous Rossby wave activities (RWAs) along the West Asian jet stream (WAJS) in summer are examined based on the NCEP/NCAR (National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research) reanalysis data from 1958 to 2003, using the vorticity source equation, the Eliassen-Palm (EP) flux, and the wave energy equation under diabatic heating. The study aims to find the dynamical causes for RWA anomalies along the WAJS and to improve the understanding of mid-high latitude circulation anomalies. The results show that the negative vorticity source and the strong EP flux divergence over the Mediterranean Sea and the North Atlantic – Scandinavian Peninsula area act as the wave sources for RWA anomalies along the WAJS. When the intensity and position of the wave sources are anomalous, the excited eastward-propagating RWA along the WAJS also behaves anomalously. In strong (weak) years of RWA, Rossby waves excited by the strong divergence of EP fluxes over the Iceland – Scandinavian Peninsula area (east to the Scandinavian Peninsula) propagate eastward and southeastward. The eastward propagating waves become strengthened (weakened) after turning southeastward near the Ural Mountains and then entering the Asian subtropical westerly jet stream (ASWJS) over the Caspian Sea–Aral Sea–Xinjiang. The southeastward propagating waves also strengthen (weaken) after directly entering the ASWJS over the eastern Mediterranean–the Black Sea. Furthermore, the divergence of EP fluxes over the Mediterranean also strengthens (weakens) in the strong (weak) years, so they jointly bring about the strong (weak) RWA along the WAJS. Finally, the pertur- bation available potential energy (PAPE) along the WAJS (15°–60°E) produced by diabatic heating, is far greater than the conversion from the kinetic energy of the basic flow into the perturbation kinetic energy and from the available potential energy of the basic flow into PAPE. The RWA along the WAJS looks stronger (weaker) than normal when the PAPEs produced by diabatic heating over the Iranian Plateau and West Asia significantly strengthen (weaken), and therefore they are also the energy sources of RWA anomalies.


The effect of frozen storage temperature on quality-related parameters of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) muscle was studied in the interval from −10 to −80°C on samples stored for 1 to 18 months. The following quantities were measured: drip loss, water holding capacity and water distribution, color, lipid oxidation (thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, TBARS), and membrane stability (enzyme activity). No effect of temperature on drip loss, water holding capacity, water distribution, or membrane stability was observed for samples stored below −20°C, whereas storage at −40°C or lower compared to −30°C or higher resulted in a reduced level of secondary lipid oxidation (TBARS). No advantage was gained by using temperatures below −40°C for frozen storage of trout regarding any of the properties investigated.


Nanoparticle manufacture and use are in full expansion. The associated risks of occupational exposure raise large concerns due to their potential toxicity. Even if they stand as a last resort in the traditional occupational Health & Safety (H&S) risk management strategy, personal protective equipment (PPE) against nanoparticles are an absolute need in the context of precautionary principle advocated by H&S organizations worldwide. However no standard test method is currently available for evaluating the efficiency of PPE against nanoparticles, in particular in the case of gloves. A project is thus underway to develop a test method for measuring nanoparticle penetration through protective gloves in conditions simulating glove-nanoparticle occupational interaction. The test setup includes an exposure and a sampling chamber separated by a circular glove sample. A system of cylinders is used to deform the sample while it is exposed to nanoparticles. The whole system is enclosed in a glove box to ensure the operator safety during assembly, dismounting and clean-up operations as well as during the tests. Appropriate nanoparticle detection techniques were also identified. Results are reported here for commercial 15nm TiO2 nanoparticles - powder and colloidal solutions in 1,2-propanediol, ethylene glycol and water - and four types of protective gloves: disposable nitrile and latex as well as unsupported neoprene and butyl rubber gloves. They show that mechanical deformations and contact with colloidal solution liquid carriers may affect glove materials. Preliminary results obtained with TiO2 powder indicate a possible penetration of nanoparticles through gloves following mechanical deformations.


The formation, texture and some properties of cyanoethyl cellulose (CEC)/dimethyl aceta-mide (DMA) mesomorphic solutions were studied. The solutions could transform from isotro-pic to anisotropic states through a biphasic range as increasing the concentration. The liquid crystal was cholesteric. Birefringence of the solutions increased with increasing the concentration or dropping of the temperature. The mesomorphic aggregates were composed of many domains whose orientation directions were different when the solutions were in nature. The liquid crystalline solutions which had been sheared could form "band-like" structure in which molecular chains oriented nearly along the lines of the shear. The orientation directions of the molecular chains were different slightly between the neighboring bands.


This paper summarizes much of the information that has been obtained on the study of bituminous concrete in the Joint Highway Research Project Laboratories in recent years The load characteristics of bituminous mixtures are discussed and laboratory applications to the problem are presented. Relationships have been discovered that should provide a basis for a better understanding of the properties of bituminous concrete.


Doctorow's magnificent first novel follows the story of how the town of Hard Times in the Dakota Territory got its name. An early example of the brilliance of Doctorow, repackaged to match World's Fair and his other bestsellers. Reprint from Bantam.


Papers describing the results of a field trip through the Piedmont region of central North Carolina and southwestern Virginia are presented. The geology, structural relations and tectonics of the region are described and mapped. (ACR)


We are now celebrating the 60th anniversary of the founding of the College of Family Physicians of Canada (CFPC). There have been some important changes in family medicine and what being an FP encompasses in the 21st century. After reading well written articles about these changes in the January


Introduction: Accreditation standards for pharmacy students' education include the requirement for experiential education (EE) and acknowledge, in building life-long learning skills, the need to develop students' skills in analysing their practice-based performance. The goal of this qualitative study was to assess students' ability to reflect on their experience providing face-to-face care to patients with a history of substance use disorders (PHSUDs).
Materials and methods: Interviews were conducted with undergraduate pharmacy students who provided care to PHSUDs in an EE programme. An interview guide was used to explore students' experiences and their perceptions regarding the challenges they encountered, changes in their attitude towards PHSUDs and ways to improve their ability to care for PHSUDs. Data relevant to the study was extracted from interview transcripts, manually sorted and coded using Microsoft Excel and subjected to thematic analysis.
Results: The themes identified were 1) Increased self-confidence in face-to-face interactions with PHSUDs 2) Increased empathy towards PHSUDS 3) Reduction in stigmatised attitudes towards PHSUDs 4) Positive nature of the interactions with PHSUDs 5) Appreciation for the opportunity to apply knowledge in practice 6) Recognition of the need for improved communication skill training 7) Recognition of the need to improve training for dealing with unexpected questions and situations.
Conclusion: Pharmacy students demonstrated reflective skills in identifying multiple positive learning outcomes stemming from a one-day EE programme involving PHSUDs. In addition, they provided insights useful to faculty in curriculum planning.


Isolated Cardiac amyloidosis is an obscure cause of heart failure. Although other causes of heart failure and other forms of amyloidosis have been recognized and discussed in detail, this entity is not frequently encountered. This case involves an 84 year old male who presented with fatigue, atrial fibrillation and a low ejection fraction. Further evaluation with cardiac biopsy resulted in the diagnosis of isolated cardiac amyloidosis; there was no sign of amyloid in the abdominal fat pad biopsy or other organs. We would like to focus this paper on isolated cardiac amyloidosis and its clinical significance.


: Objective. To describe the clinical and hemodynamic characteristics of patients with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH) and Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension (CTEPH) treated at the Hospital do Servidor Público Estadual de São Paulo (HSPE). Methods. The medical records of patients being followed up between 2012 and 2019 at the Pulmonary Circulation ambulatory of HSPE were reviewed. Pulmonary hypertension was confirmed by pulmonary artery catheterization and the final diagnosis of PAH or CTEPH was confirmed after specialized evaluation. Results. Forty-six cases of pulmonary hypertension were evaluated, of which 31 were PAH and 15 were CTEPH. The overall mean age was 67.5 (± 10.5) years and 73.9% of the participants were over 60 years old. Most participants were female (69.6%). The median time of dyspnea until diagnosis was 2 years. The main etiology of PAH was systemic sclerosis and there were no cases of schistosomiasis in the studied population. There were signs of right ventricle dysfunction at the time of diagnosis in 73.3% of cases. Among patients with CTEPH, 46.7% were unaware of previous thromboembolic events. Conclusions. This study addressed a predominantly elderly population with pulmonary hypertension, highlighting the characteristics of two subtypes of the disease. Further studies are necessary to improve the understanding of PH in the Brazilian population, especially of patients with CTEPH.


Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems, over the years, have evolved into integral business systems in both medium and large organizations. The strength of an ERP is that it is a computerized transactional information system, with a centralized data repository. This allows for significant data availability and seamless collaboration between business functions. Realizing associated benefits through an ERP implementation is challenging, as experienced by a South African water utility. On the establishment of the utility the failure to implement an ERP system successfully, forced the organization to critically review the position it found itself in. This study identifies some of the critical shortfalls in the initial ERP implementation, and introduces the process of the creation of an ERP evaluation framework, named FERPS, that assists in ERP evaluation and selection, prior to acquisition. Ultimately, FERPS assists in providing an organization with evaluation results of ERP systems to support the implementation of an optimal ERP system, based on organizational fit.


Bio-processes for the production of fuels and chemicals will contribute to the so-called bioeconomy, where biomass will represent an important source of hydrocarbons. A new concept of bio-based industry is now under development, where lignocellulosic material is the primary source of sugars to be converted in a biorefinery concept not to ethanol or fuels only, but to a portfolio of chemicals. Regardless of the product, robust microorganisms are a prerequisite for the feasibility of lignocellulose bioconversion.
Current research carried out by our group focuses on the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and aims at investigating the molecular bases of microbial robustness. The goal is to identify successful strain engineering strategies to confer yeast higher robustness.

Zygosaccharomyces bailii is a yeast specie that tolerates low pH and high concentrations of weak organic acids. Thus, in order to elucidate a possible link between lipid composition and acetic acid tolerance, a comparative lipidomic profiling of the major lipid species found in the plasma membrane of S. cerevisiae and Z. bailii was performed. The study revealed remarkable changes in glycerolphospholipids and sphingolipids pools in Z. bailii compared to S. cerevisiae, suggesting lipid saturation, high sphingolipid levels as possible determinants of acetic acid tolerance.


When you discuss behavior management, time-out may be at the top of your list. You may, however, need a few more options in your bag of tricks to help parents and child care providers deal with aggressive children.

Seth J. Scholer, M.D., M.P.H., FAAP, has developed a CD-ROM called" Play Nicely


AimTo compare between the initial reporting and reviewed reporting of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and Her2-neu receptor status.MethodsInformation regarding ER/PR and Her2 expression of cases with available stored slides was reviewed and analyzed concurrently by 2 pathologists. The levels of significance were analyzed by Fischer test using SPSS 16.0 software.ResultsThere was statistically significant difference between initial reporting and reviewed reporting of Her-2 neu receptor whereas no significance was seen in the initial and reviewed reporting of ER and PR status.


Measurements of intermodulation distortion in supercritical transferred-electron reflection amplifiers show that the 3rd-order products are approximately 10 dB larger than expected if the diode had a simple parabolic relationship between its negative conductance and alternating terminal-voltage amplitude.


The mechanical behaviors of dissimilar metal weld SA508-52M-316L in several environments were investigated by using tensile tests with smooth specimens, focusing on the behavior of SA508-52M weld part during slow strain rates testing (SSRT) at 290°C in nitrogen gas and in simulated primary water at different electrode potentials. The mechanical properties at room temperature of main materials were obtained first. When tested at 290°C, the weld exhibited characteristics of dynamic strain ageing (DSA), which was more significant when strain rate was decreased from 1x10-6 (1/s) to 3.1 x10-7 (1/s). When tested in the water at the potentials from-720 to +200mV(SHE) , SA508-52M specimens showed the mechanical behaviors almost the same as that in nitrogen gas, with ductile failure happened in the 52M bulk weld metal. When the potential was raised to +300 and +400mV(SHE), brittle failure of stress corrosion cracking (SCC) took place around the interface, causing the significant drop of elongation and reduction in area.


We study strange attractors generated by two dimensional nonlinear oscillators. These attractors are embedded in a phase space that is a solid torus, D×S. Such strange attractors can be mapped in a locally 1-1 way to an entire set of strange attractors that are indexed by a pair of quantum numbers, n1 and n2. These integers are associated with the two generators of the homotopy group of the torus boundary, ∂(D × S). The torsion and energy integrals for this two parameter family of locally identical strange attractors are simple functions of these two quantum numbers.


Different domains of application for agents have different requirements, which need to be reflected on their conceptualization, design and implementation. In this paper we outline specifications for BDI agents which we believe are suitable for financial market applications. Building upon the classical BDI paradigm we distinguish between two broad categories of agents: bold and circumspect. We interpret bold agents as agents that may intend to bring about a state of affairs if they do not at least believe it to be impossible, whereas circumspect agents will only adopt intentions if they believe that these are possible. We present notions of realism for bold and circumspect BDI agents which are shown to come closer to the desiderata for rational reasoning agents than the classical notions of strong realism and realism. Examples of reasoning with such agents are also provided.


Glucagon, although produced in the alimentary tract, has previously been of more interest to classical endocrinologists than to gastroenterologists. This small book to some extent redresses the balance. It records the proceedings of a workshop held in Madrid in 1978, with participants drawn from both sides of the Atlantic. The initial papers deal with a summary of the pharmacology of glucagon, and with some data on its effects on myoelectric activity in dogs. However, the main theme of the book is the use of glucagon in various diagnostic procedures in gastroenterology. Pharmacologic doses of glucagon inhibit peristaltic activity in stomach, intestine and colon, as well as relaxing the normal sphincter of Oddi. These inhibitory effects have been used to facilitate endoscopic and radiologic examination of the upper and lower gastrointestinal tract; the literature on this is well referenced. The material presented varies from the anecdotal to blinded, comparative studies of glucagon v. placebo or alternative agents such as atropine. Some information is presented which suggests glucagon may be useful for facilitating egress of common bile duct stones and as an investigative tool in biliary tract disease. Finally, the actions of insulin and glucagon as hepatotrophic agents are reviewed. As mentioned previously, the scientific content of some chapters is less than ideal but, taken overall, this book does constitute a useful review of the current status of glucagon in gastrointestinal pharmacology and therapeutics. Some radiologists and gastroenterologists will want to have it on their shelves, and it should probably be on the shopping list of the major medical libraries. NEVILLE D. YEOMANS


The Fogarty International Center (FIC) recently announced plans to fund two awardees, led by Dr. John Clardy of Harvard University (Cambridge, MA) and Dr. Mark Hay of Georgia Institute of Technology (Atlanta, GA), as part of the International Cooperative Biodiversity Groups (ICBG) program of the FIC. The awards are designed to augment efforts to identify new pharmaceutical compounds and agricultural agents from organisms in diverse biospheres, such as coral reefs, forests, and extreme environments. The awards will also assist in underwriting the cataloging of such organisms and the training of scientists, both in the United States and developing countries. Dr. Sharon Hrynkow, FIC acting director, says that the ICBG program works in close partnership with universities, pharmaceutical companies, and other nongovernmental organizations to identify novel compounds from natural sources that provide an important basis of new chemistry. Plants, animals, and microorganisms have provided chemical compounds that have been the source of the development of many new drugs. Dr. Clardy's team includes scientists at Harvard Medical School (Boston, MA), the Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT (Cambridge, MA), the University of Michigan (Ann Arbor, MI), the National Institute of Biodiversity (Santo Domingo de Heredia, Costa Rica), and the Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research (Cambridge, MA). The Harvard project will focus on underexplored organisms found in Costa Rica, for example, marine and soil bacteria, in an effort to identify compounds that may have the potential to treat a variety of human disorders. Dr. Hay's team includes scientists from the Georgia Institute of Technology (Atlanta, GA), the Scripps Institution of Oceanography (La Jolla, CA), the University of the South Pacific (Suva, Fiji), and the Bristol Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Institute (Princeton, NJ). The Georgia Institute of Technology project will seek chemical compounds found in marine bacteria and coral reef plants and invertebrates. Dr. Joshua Rosenthal, FIC Biodiversity Program director, says that the program is important because it will not only use cutting-edge approaches to drug discovery and conservation science but also ''novel approaches to the ethical sharing of benefits among all partners.'' The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, the National Institute of General Medical Sciences, and theNational Science Foundationwill cosponsor the awards for these two new projects, which total $6.5 million over 4 years. These awards bring total funding for the program to about $6 million per year from a variety of US government agencies.


Well AT5 is an exploration well located in Ackuler area.In the third section of this well,above the salt layer,mud losses were encountered in the limestone,sandstone,sandstone with pebbles and sand/mudstone planes of unconformity.Mud loss control under pressure was required before drilling the salt layers.This paper discusses from A to Z the technology of mud loss control under pressure in this well.198.21 m3 mud with LCM was pumped into the hole in 37 times,with pressures built up to 14.8 MPa in the well.Mud density during mud loss control was increased to 1.71 g/cm3.The salt formations were also successfully drilled.Also included in this paper are some ideas and suggestions about the mud loss control under pressure.


Objective To explore the application of decompressive craniotomy with extensive bone resection in the treatment of severe traumatic brain injuries. Methods 36 cases with refractory intracranial hypertension after severe traumatic brain injuries as a treatment group were managed with decompressive craniotomy with extensive bone resection. 19 cases with refractory intracranial hypertension appearing at the early stage of severe traumatic brain injuries as a control group were treated with traditional decompressive craniotomy and conservative therapy. The comparison was made in the therapeutic efficacy of decompressive craniotomy with extensive bone resection performed at the early and later stages. Results Post-operative GOS were measured for comparing the therapeutic efficacy between the two groups. There was statistical significant difference between the two groups(P0.05). The GOS evaluation was better in the patients undergoing the operation at the early stage than those at the later stage. Conclusion The application of decompressive craniotomy with extensive bone resection in the treatment of refractory intracranial hypertension after severe traumatic brain injuries in early stage can lead to a better clinical rehabilitation.


The invention relates to a free-stream centrifuge comprising a device for braking the rotor. Prior art free-stream centrifuges are braked by bearing friction as soon as the oil pressure falls below a certain value. The aim of the invention is to minimize the bearing friction as much as possible in order to attain highest possible rotational speeds. In doing this, the long running-on of the centrifuge and noises or bearing wear associated therewith is disadvantageous especially when used in passenger cars. For this reason, the invention provides that friction partners (15a, 15b) are placed on a centrifuge comprising a housing (10) and rotor (11). Said friction partners are pressed against one another by a spring (20) when the operating oil pressure is fallen short of, thus stopping the rotor. The rotor is provided in a plain bearing (12) which simultaneously forms the inlet (23) and which is provided with a roller bearing (19) thus leading to an extremely low level of bearing friction.


Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS) are currently seen as one of the strong candidates for the next generation communication technologies. This paper considered RIS-enabled communication in a multipath channel with random scatterers. In an ideal scenario, the RIS allows phase corrections of infinite resolution to enhance the controllable part of the channel, but in practice, the phase corrections are limited by the tunability of the circuit elements. This paper discusses a practical approach where we utilize quantization to categorize the phase values into a set of known values. We propose a deep learning model to predict the RIS configuration for a given position of the RIS element. Then we compare it with a computationally less loaded interpolation method, which estimates the RIS configuration based on the configuration of the nearest reference points available. By varying the dataset ratio, we also compare the spatial density of the reference points required to estimate the phase at the RIS for both methodologies correctly. Then we compare both methods to evaluate the effect of the dataset variation on the achievable channel capacity. Finally, we conclude that in an environment with no strong LOS channel, the maximum deviation in the channel capacity by using both methods is only around 3.5%.


Reported is a study on the influence of regioisomerism on the photophysical properties in 4-hydroxy-1,3-thiazole-based push–pull-chromophores/fluorophores to evaluate the molecular structure–property relationship as a basic foundation for future design strategies concerning this class of dyes. Surprisingly, the nitro groups used as acceptors do not act as a fluorescence quencher, instead the derivatives synthesized exhibit quantum yields of 37–40%. Two 4-ethoxy-1,3-thiazole derivatives which differ only in the positioning of their electron donating (methoxy) and electron withdrawing (nitro) groups have been synthesized and examined in terms of their photophysical properties, i.e. UV/Vis absorption and fluorescence emission spectra. Additionally, quantum chemical calculations have been performed to unravel the underlying fundamental transitions and to explain the experimental results.


An apparatus to protect the mounting area (202) in the casing and a positioning profile (209) and optionally a sliding sleeve valve (200) and a flow path from the outside of the valve to the annulus when subsequent attachment of an expandable liner (218) is intended and the expanded liner will cemented in place. A barrier sleeve (204), nose (207) and the outer sleeve (210) defining a sealed cavity inside having a loose incompressible material (208) which covers the mounting location on the casing. A positioning profile and an optional sliding sleeve valve and a flow path from the outside of the valve to the annulus may be provided. The cementing of the casing takes place through barrierehylsen. After cementing drill sleeve and nose out and the incompressible material is removed to the surface with the drill cuttings.


In late 2016, Bas Smit, CEO of WeCare, a large Dutch regional care organisation providing home care, intramural nursing home care and extramural social care, had just returned from a high-level funding session organised by the Dutch Healthcare Authority. In addition to people from the care sector, the meeting included representatives from insurance companies, government agencies and healthcare providers—all there on a rainy afternoon to assess recent attempts by care providers to improve the quality and personalization of home care while cutting costs.

Although all agreed on the move towards more local embedding with increased responsibility for nurses in neighbourhood-based, self-organising teams, there had been debate on precisely how to embed the teams in the organisation and their neighbourhoods. While some had argued for self-managing teams, following Dutch care organisation Buurtzorg's very successful approach (ref) with completely autonomous teams, Smit believed that WeCare's embedded self-organising teams featuring district nurses improved possibilities for local coordination.

This case explores WeCare's model of self-organisation and addresses key challenges in dealing with issues of innovation, costs and efficiency, quality of care and the job quality of care workers. This case shows the complex regulatory and financial environment in which an existing home care organisation aims to develop and adapt by introducing self-organising teams.


Media-rich ubiquitous distributed media processing workflow systems continuously sense users' needs, status, and the context, filter and fuse a multitude of real-time media data, and react by adapting the environment to the user. One challenge facing these systems is that they need to process real-time data arriving continuously from the sensors and data rates and qualities may vary dramatically. Thus, reducing the amount of unqualified data objects that need to be processed within the underlying media processing workflows can enhance the performance significantly. In this paper, we first focus on the prediction of the output qualities at the actuator, especially in the presence of fusion operators in the workflow. We then present quality-aware early object elimination schemes to enable informed resource savings in continuous real-time media processing workflow middleware.


Code coverage is a popular test adequacy criterion in practice. Code coverage, however, remains controversial as there is a lack of coherent empirical evidence for its relation with test suite effectiveness. More recently, test suite size has been shown to be highly correlated with effectiveness. However, previous studies treat test methods as the smallest unit of interest, and ignore potential factors influencing this relationship. We propose to go beyond test suite size, by investigating test assertions inside test methods. We empirically evaluate the relationship between a test suite's effectiveness and the (1) number of assertions, (2) assertion coverage, and (3) different types of assertions. We compose 6,700 test suites in total, using 24,000 assertions of five real-world Java projects. We find that the number of assertions in a test suite strongly correlates with its effectiveness, and this factor directly influences the relationship between test suite size and effectiveness. Our results also indicate that assertion coverage is strongly correlated with effectiveness and different types of assertions can influence the effectiveness of their containing test suites.


Adopting the questionnaire investigation, this research conducts a factor analysis of the main factors influencing the health sports consciousness of college students. The results of the investigation can be concluded as the followings: the health sports consciousness of college students locates the middle between the general and the best levels; the level of the health sports consciousness is slightly higher than the one of behavior trend; in particular, the level of the consciousness in morals health is relatively lower. It is suggested to increase the research of sports consciousness-behavior therapy.


A new gradient approach to adaptive subspace- based frequency estimation of multiple real valued sine waves is considered in this paper. Authors proposed in [2] a novel combination of strong adaptive covariance matrix update and optimized block processing for frequency values retrieval of sinusoidal carriers. The new approach proposed here combines the gradient subspace tracking technique based on Oja learning rule (for the signal subspace update) with the ESPRIT- like frequency estimation of real-valued sinusoids (for frequency values retrieval). Consequently, a new adaptive subspace-tracking algorithm for frequency estimation is proposed. The method proposed brings a significant reduction in arithmetical complexity at the same level of accuracy. The algorithm is tested in numerical simulations and compared to complex- valued Oja method.


This volume challenges the "Walled Kingdom" perspective. China reached out to the seas far more actively than historians have allowed, while the maritime world shaped China, Qing China in particular, much more than the continental world. It gave birth to and defined Chinese modernity.


(57) Abstract: The present invention provides a method for assessing the degradation of the encoded video image by a block of picture elements, or pixels, a) selecting an input image, i) each block (n, each m), secondary determines the secondary determining transform coefficients F


Despite the efficacy, political will and numbers of mental health practitioners trained in psychosocial interventions, they remain scarcely available in routine clinical practice. External factors such as the inability of mental health organisations to develop strategies to support the use of psychosocial interventions have been implicated. This study compares data from two groups, one that had completed psychosocial intervention training (n=104) and one that had not received psychosocial intervention training (n=102). Both groups completed measures of self‐efficacy, locus of control and an application of psychosocial interventions to practice. Results showed that psychosocial intervention training significantly increased the level of self‐efficacy for using psychosocial interventions in practice. The group that had received psychosocial interventions training had lower internal locus of control orientation. Self‐efficacy was significantly related to using psychosocial interventions in practice. There is a discussion of the implications of these findings.


This paper analyses the true state of affairs of the tourism management system in our country, and points out the main problems in our tourism mangement system. In the end, this paper also proposes the concept for the tourism management system's reformation


Purpose – The aim of this research is to enable web‐based tracking and guiding by integrating location‐awareness with the Worldwide Web so that the users can use various location‐based applications without installing extra software.Design/methodology/approach – The concept of web‐based tracking and guiding is introduced and the relevant issues are discussed regarding location‐aware web systems, location determination, location‐dependent content query and personalized presentation. The framework of the web‐based tracking and guiding system – the Web‐Based Guide is proposed, and its prototypical implementation is presented. The main design principles are making use of existing web technologies, making use of available and cheap devices, general‐purpose and lightweight client‐side, and good scalability.Findings – The paper presents the general‐purpose and modular framework of the Web‐Based Guide, which consists of the Location Server, the Content Server, the Guiding Web Server and the clients which are stand...


Ecological degeneration in the Green Corridor in lower reaches of the Tarim River was mainly caused by the 30-year last stream cutoff downstream from the Daxihaizi Reservoir in lower reaches of the Tarim River from1972. From May 2000 to 2011,12 times ecological water conveyance were implemented so as to rise the groundwater level and improve the ecology in the lower reaches. The observed data up to October 2011 showed that the groundwater level along the Yengisu,Aragan,Korgan and old Yengisu sections of was risen up to a certain degree compared with that before implementing the project. Groundwater level near the river was risen by 3. 5 m,6. 0 m,5. 0 m and 3. 0 m along these sections above respectively,but by 2. 0 m,3. 0 m,4. 0 m and 1. 0 m at the places1 km away from the river. Namely,the rising extent of groundwater level was closely related to the distance away from the river. As a result,the groundwater level was obviously risen up. When the groundwater depth was risen to4. 0 m,3. 5 m and 3. 0 m respectively,the vegetation survival conditions were accordingly called the "survival maintaining conditions","basic survival conditions"and"suitable survival conditions". On which it was calculated that the water consumptions of vegetation within a wide extent 1 km away from the river were 1. 6 × 108m3,2. 2 × 108m3 and 2. 7 × 108m3 respectively. Water release from the Daxihaizi Reservoir could be scheduled in spring,summer and winter for germination of plant seeds and regeneration of Populus euphratica. The annual water release of 2. 7 × 108m3 should be maintained in recent years so as to improve the groundwater environment in the lower reaches and to meet water consumption of vegetation at the suitable survival level.


Website for Lendac Data Systems- Company Information; Lendac Data Systems is an Irish Broadcast and Multimedia Company, and has four main core work areas; Broadcast and Multimedia; Electronic Publishing; Bibliographic Databases and Information Products; Content Networking; Our clients include Libraries; Librarians; Academic; Medical; Corporate; Government; and Entertainment sectors; cost efficeint solutions for any information or technology challenge;


The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is involved in several cognitive processes including executive function. Degenerative changes of ACC are consistently seen in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, volumetric changes specific to the ACC in AD are not clear because of the difficulty in segmenting this region. The objectives of the current study were to develop a precise and high‐throughput approach for measuring ACC volumes and to correlate the relationship between ACC volume and cognitive function in AD.


Painful events are the leading cause of hospitalizations for patients with sickle cell disease. Individualized pain plans targeting patient‐specific maximum opioid dosing may shorten hospitalization length and are recommended by national guidelines. Prior to implementing individualized sickle cell pain plans, we tested the hypothesis that a shorter time to achieve a maximum opioid dose would improve hospitalization outcomes.


Irradiation by ultraviolet (UV)B is known to increase the number of dopamine (Dopa)‐positive melanocytes in the skin. In this study, a 2.5‐kJ/m2 dose of UVB radiation was delivered by a sunlamp to the ear or the eye of wild‐type C57BL/6j mice and of gp91 phox−/− C57BL/6j mice that had a knockout mutation of the gp91 phox subunit of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NADPH). The degree of change in the Dopa‐positive melanocyte expression in was reduced in gp91 phox−/− mice given UVB irradiation to the eye, but not in those given irradiation to the ear. The plasma level of α‐melanocyte‐stimulating hormone (α‐MSH) in the blood increased in the C57BL/6j mice after irradiation to either the eye or the ear, but it did not increase in the gp91 phox−/− mice given UVB irradiation to the eye. Both gp91 phox and α‐MSH in the central nervous system seem to contribute to pigmentation after UVB irradiation of the eye in mice.


The incidence of asthma, a chronic inflammatory disease of the airway that increases the risk of intraoperative bronchospasm, is increasing and thus a higher number of asthmatic patients are presenting for anesthetic care. As intraoperative bronchospasm can be an acute life-threat-ening event, recognizing and mitigating risk factors as well as having a specific treatment algorithm in place may be helpful to facilitate safe care. We present a 3-year-old child who developed intraoperative bronchospasm. The differential diagnosis of intraoperative wheezing is presented, risk factors for intraoperative bronchospasm reviewed, and a treatment algorithm pro-posed.


We use this work the literature review to investigate the current global scenario, fueled by communications technologies, taking into account the capacity range of media keeps alive mass communication concepts and cultural industry of the 70s Since the emergence of these media starting with the printed newspaper to reach the internet, the reach of mass media only intensified. This range has caused the media to exceed its role of information and entertainment broadcaster, to be forming public opinion. Over the decades, the media far-reaching has directly affected social relations, influencing the learning processes, public opinion, the formation of moral judgments and cultural values of the population. This article proposes a reflection on the effects of media in the training and educational processes of individuals and mass as common sense. Finally, we consider the awareness of media effects makes her less vulnerable consumers to them.


The Audubon's Shearwater (Puffinus lherminieri), nearly pantropical in distribution, remains a poorly studied species. The subspecies P. l. lherminieri is endemic to the West Indies region. An estimated 5,000 pairs inhabit the Caribbean, but there has been a substantial decline with many colonies becoming extirpated. It is thought that as many as 3,000 pairs (60%) may nest in the Bahamas. In fact, the breeding colony on Long Cay of the Exumas, Bahamas, may be the largest known in the world. Since 2000, we have been studying the behavioral ecology of the Audubon's Shearwaters nesting on San Salvador Island and its satellite cays. This paper focuses on: 1) demography and distribution and 2) the use of radiotelemetry to determine the feeding site locations. We found that a minimum of 187 pairs nest at San Salvador Island, Bahamas. The existence of much suitable habitat suggests that this is a gross underestimate. The information gathered in this study may play a key role in our understanding of the Audubon's Shearwater's biology and aid in developing effective conservation strategies for the protection of this species.


The article describes the quantitative content dynamics of the hydrocortisone steroid hormone in different organs and tissues in the course of the common octopus ontogenesis. The author detects general patterns of its quantitative distribution in the octopus organism and formulates a hypothesis on the functional significance of hydrocortisone in the examined tissues of mollusks. Hydrocortisone level is one of the most important organizers of general adaptation syndrome in the organisms of vertebrates under different forms of stress. It may be also used as an indicator of organism state of invertebrate hydrobionts in biotesting and bioindication of water biocenoses.