Objectives To evaluated the perioperative assessment and therapies of congenital macrovascular disease with tracheal stenosis in infants.Methods This research was a retrospective analysis.The general clinical data,clinical records,bronchoscopy,echocardiography and chest spiral CT findings of children patients,who were diagnosed as congenital macrovascular disease with airway stenosis by bronchoscopy and chest spiral CT,from October 2005 to June 2009 in Guangdong General Hospital were analyzed.Results Two hundred and thirty six babies less than 1 year old who suffered from large vessel disease were treated during the research period,and 34 cases of them combined with tracheal stenosis were included in the study.The incidence of airway stenosis in the infant patients who suffered from macrovascular disease and treated in our hospital was 14.4%(34/236) in the same period,of which 30 males and 4 females,median age 2.38 months(6 d~11 months),10 cases of newborns,21 cases of less than 3 months,weight 4.47 kg(2.18-8.70 kg),10 cases of vascular ring and 24 cases of aortic obstruction(including 18 cases of coarctation of the aorta and 6 aortic arch).Ten cases of vascular ring were performed bronchoscopy before the diagnosis,finding that there were severe tracheal-bronchial stenosis,deformity,middle and lower tracheal stenosis combined with left and right main bronchial stenosis,complete tracheal rings formed.Significant vascular pulsatility in the narrowing can be found by bronchoscopy,suggesting that vascular ring malformations.Nine cases performed cardiovascular CT before the operation,and 1 patient was confirmed vascular ring in the operation,.7 cases of them were diagnosed as congenital tracheal and bronchial dysplasia..Twenty four cases of aortic lesions were performed cardiovascular spiral CT examination before the operative treatment.Preoperative examination found tracheal stenosis only in 5 cases,including 1 case whose preoperative bronchoscopy showed tracheal stenosis,and the remaining 19 cases were found airway stenosis caused by external pressure during the operation or postoperative bronchoscopy by bronchofiberscope.Bronchofiberscope result indicated that 22 of 24 aortic lesion cases were combined with left main bronchial stenosis caused by external pressure,and 2 patients were with congenital tracheal stenosis,2 patients combined with right main bronchial stenosis,1 patient combined with right lower lobe bronchial stenosis.Thirty two cases of 34 were performed surgical treatment,and 4 patients needed aortopexy performed to alleviate airway stenosis..There were 2 cases who gave up treatment and discharged.The median of infant care unit stay was 34 days(5-158 days).Twenty five cases were cured or improved and discharged,accounting for 73.5%(25/34),and 7 cases died which account for 20.6%(7/34).Conclusions The incidence of congenital macrovascular disease combine with airway stenosis is high,and its treatment is more difficult than that of a simple congenital heart disease.Also,its ICU stay is longer and mortality is high..Some patients require surgical intervention to relieve airway stenosis..Bronchoscopy with spiral chest CT examination in these patients during the perioperative period can get more information about the airway lesions and their relationship with the surrounding tissue to guide us to make a perfect surgical program.


While timely assessment of long‐term survival for patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) is essential for evaluation on early detection and screening programs of colorectal cancer, those data are extremely scarce in China. We aimed to timely and accurately assess long‐term survival for CRC patients in eastern China.


Infective endocarditis is associated with a high risk of complications such as cerebral emboli, splenic infarction, and rheumatic manifestations (spondylodiscitis, arthritis). The prevalence of rheumatic complications ranges from 25% to 44% and are often predating the diagnosis of infective endocarditis. However, spondylodiscitis remains a rarely observed complication. The goal of this article is to shed a light on this rare complication through two cases of infective endocarditis revealed by a spondylodiscitis. We reported two cases of a 75-year-old male and 50-year-old male both with Streptococcus Bovis infective endocarditis.


Under the neo-Darwinian theory, selection is the potter and variation is the clay: peculiarities or regularities of variation may emerge from internal causes, but these are ultimately irrelevant, because selection governs the outcome of evolution. Chapter 6 addresses this sense of "randomness" as irrelevance or unimportance, featuring (1) an analogical-metaphysical argument in which mutation is equated with raw materials or fuel, or is said to act at the "wrong level" to be an evolutionary cause; (2) direct empirical arguments; (3) mechanistic claims, e.g., claims about the ability of the "gene pool" to maintain variation, or of selection to be creative; (4) methodological claims to the effect that selection is amenable to study, but not mutation; and (5) an explanatory claim to the effect that mutation, though perhaps influential, only affects the boring parts of evolution. Appendix D provides quotations on the theme of unimportance.


Self-Determination Theory (SDT) is a broad theory of human development and wellness, with strong implications in education. According to SDT, three psychological needs are essential settings for self-growth, integrity and well-being viz., competence, autonomy, and relatedness (CAR). This study investigates the relations of junior secondary students' physics achievement with the satisfaction of their Basic Psychological Needs (CAR). A mixed methods approach was used in the study and selected a convenience sample of 855 junior secondary students and 8 principals in all five educational zones in Jaffna District in the North Province, Sri Lanka. The student related quantitative data were collected using standard Korean Basic Psychological Needs Scale (K-BPNS) with four-point Likert scale and assessment test papers for each Grade. Qualitative data were gathered in interviews from eight principals to explore their views on current situation of physics teaching-learning processes according to the framework for comprehending motivation in SDT. Quantitative data were analysed descriptively using SPSS 20.0. Qualitative data were analysed in narrative analysis. The results revealed that students' satisfaction with BPN (CAR) factors were directly correlated with their achievement in physics.  Principals' perception on Reeve's student-teacher dialectical frame is not at a satisfactory level. Thus, this study provides essential information for policymakers on enhancing students' physics achievement at the junior secondary school level.


This paper presents a scalable scheduler for dynamic TDD systems in ultra-dense indoor deployments applicable to diverse traffic and radio propagation conditions. To minimize signalling for the channel estimation and feedback, the proposed scheduler employs offline BS-to-BS measurements to approximate the real interference for different traffic conditions. Thus, no CSI is required once the network is online. Furthermore, we show that signalling can be further reduced by considering only meaningful interferers above a received power threshold for the traffic information exchange. To perform the scheduling, a function that maps interference into individual BS activation probabilities is also introduced. Results show that the proposed scheme performs reasonably well in high interference situations compared to comparable scalable schedulers, and optimally when interference is low, both in average and 5th percentile sense.


Microelectrode arrays (MEA) hold great promise for a broad range of applications that require reliable characterization of the growth and function of neurons in culture. Widespread adoption of this platform depends on analytical methods to extract meaning from highly variable and noisy observations. In analyzing a comprehensive database of MEA recordings, we discovered that 22% of the electrodes presented systematic patterns of under- or non-detection of spike activity. Going undetected, principal components analysis (PCA) of these data reveal trends that would have lead to incorrect biological interpretations. We fully document these defective or biased electrodes, and distinguish two forms of defectiveness, via representations that aid in detecting them. We also showcase our approach for analyzing these data that permit for post-analytic review and correction. Repeating our PCA on cleaned data, we discover a more complex interplay of biological variability. Finally, we make a case for transparency in data reporting and propose best practices for experimental and analysis phases.


The current hot spot stress approach still has some limitations to the multiaxial fatigue strength assessment of complex welded joints.In this paper,an new stress estimation approach for the multiaxial fatigue strength assessment of complex welded joints is proposed,in which an equivalent hot spot stress is defined at a point(called Zero Point) in plate thickness direction where nonlinear distribution stress due to the notch effect of the weld is equal to zero.The proposed approach is based on that the nonlinear stress peak is not included in the hot spot stress and the nonlinear distribution stress is in self-equilibrium.First,influence factors and change laws of the Zero Point position were discussed,and a fitting equation for determining the Zero Point position was established.Then,published fatigue tests data and numerical stress results of some welded joints were used for comparison between the proposed equivalent hot spot stress approach and the current hot spot stress approach.The equivalent hot spot stress approach was verified to be consistent with the current hot spot stress approach and also have higher accuracy for considering the thickness effect on the fatigue strength to a certain extent.The merit of the proposed approach is that it can be used to estimate the multiaxial fatigue strength of welded joints through combining multiaxial fatigue theory.


For the interpretation of the conservation of molecular orbital symmetry there havebeen three current theories, i.c., the energy correlation theory,the frontier orbital theory,and the Mobius structural theory. The first theory has contributed much to chemicalproduction and scientific experiments. In this paper, these theories are analysed and dis-cussed and a rational new theory is presented. As the reaction of a molecule happens,it generally causes the change of the movementof its electrons, which have to be discerned.It is reasonable to think that not only theinitial and final states of these molecular orbitals, but also their changes in the completecourse of reaction should be taken into consideration.In this paper, the interactions be-tween molecules or within a molecule are expressed in a more explicit form and the theoreti-cal formulas for the calculation of the change of molecular orbitals in electrocyclicreactions, etc., are obtained.The concerted reactions short of certain geometrical symmetryare investigated in detail, and a new approach for molecular orbital calculation is developed.


By the Programme of reconstruction and remediation of disaster consequences in the territory of Vukovar-Srijem County – reconstruction of buildings as adopted in July 2014, remediation measures and measures for the reconstruction of buildings, as well as the method for their implementation were established. A simple procedure has been prescribed, including the necessary documentation to be collected for the issuance of the Decision on reconstruction. The obligation of collecting most of the documents has been placed under the responsibility of institutions, whilst reconstruction beneficiaries have no other obligation than giving, by signing the respective Statement, their consent to the manner of house reconstruction. Furthermore, the course of action, flow sheet and list of activities of competent services are prescribed, in order to reduce idle time to a minimum and to have the deadlines set by the Programme met in the best possible way.


Along with the level of traffic density that crosses the Pinus road, there are several obstacles that cause damage, one of which is the damage that occurs in the road construction section, which is caused by the load of vehicles with excessive loads such as trucks, which further causes damage to the road, namely an increase in volume. heavy traffic every day. Asphalt pavement is generally used on roads that have a fairly dense traffic volume, with the increase in the number of vehicles resulting in damage in a relatively short time than planned. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of the volume of vehicle types on road damage on asphalt pavement, it can be predicted earlier the value of road damage that will occur, the method used in this study is the method of analyzing vehicle volume on road damage with the regression method. Used to obtain the relationship function with the value of R² (coefficient of determination) which shows the magnitude of the effect of changes in the volume of vehicle types on changes in the value of road damage, this study was carried out on the Pinus road, Palangka Raya City. There is a relationship between the volume of vehicle types and the value of road damage, the results obtained are R² = 0.744 which shows that road damage is influenced by the volume of heavy vehicles, light vehicles and motorcycles with a percentage value of 74.4%. From the results of the equation between heavy vehicles (X1), light vehicles (X2), motorcycles (X3), and the value of road damage Y = 0.159 X1 + 0.034 X2 + 0.017 X3 + 14,189. From these equations it can be described as follows, the regression coefficient (X1) (a) = 0.159 means that a heavy vehicle of 100 vehicles/day will increase the level of road damage by 5.9, the regression coefficient (X2) (b) = 0.034 means a light vehicle of 100 vehicles/day will increase the level of road damage by 3.4, Regression coefficient (X3) (c) = 0.017 means that 100 motorbikes/day will increase the level of damage by 1.7, constant (c) = if there are no vehicles driving passing a road segment, the road will experience road damage of 14,189.


We consider a variant of the classic multi-armed bandit problem where the expected reward of each arm is a function of an unknown parameter. The arms are divided into different groups, each of which has a common parameter. Therefore, when the player selects an arm at each time slot, information of other arms in the same group is also revealed. This regional bandit model naturally bridges the classical non-informative bandit setting where the player can only learn the chosen arm, and the global bandit model where sampling one arm reveals information of all arms. We propose an efficient algorithm, UCB-g, that solves the regional bandit model by combining the Upper Confidence Bound (UCB) and greedy principles. Both parameter-dependent and parameter-free regret upper bounds are derived. We also establish a matching lower bound, which proves the order optimality of UCB-g. Moreover, we propose SW-UCB-g, which is an extension of UCB-g  for a non-stationary environment where the parameters vary over time.


Mantle xenoliths have been described in the Andean region associated with alkaline magmatism related to the subduction of Nazca and Antarctic Plate beneath the South American Plate. The Mercaderes area in SW Colombia, located in the Northern Volcanic Zone (NVZ) is characterized by late Cenozoic volcanic activity. On the southeastern part of the Mercaderes Tableland lies the Granatífera Tuff containing mantle xenoliths, which provide a key area to improve the understanding of the mantle evolution in the NVZ. Mantle xenoliths are represented by garnet-bearing rocks, ranging from peridotites to websterites. Garnet-absent mantle xenoliths are also present, but less abundant, represented by pyroxenites and spinel peridotites. Isotopic signatures were correlated to field, petrography, mineral/rock chemistry and pressure-temperature studies. Three main sources of these mantle xenoliths can be suggested. Websterites, with low pressure/temperature (1065C-16-kbar) and MORB signature, Sr/Sr ratio of 0.7030 and Nd/Nd ratio of 0.5129 represent one group of xenol i ths. A second group, represented by garnet-peridotite/pyroxenite xenoliths, with middle pressure/temperature (29-35 kbar, 1250-1295 C) suggested a similarity with a sub-oceanic geotherm, and an OIB signature, Sr/Sr ratio of 0.7043 and Nd/Nd ratio of 0.5129. The third group is characterized by garnet peridotite with a similar sub-continental geotherm (> 38 kbar, 1140-1175 C), which could represent OIB source area, enriched in Nd and low Sr radiogenic ( Sr/Sr ratio of 0.7041 and Nd/Nd ratio of 0.5135). The presence of three distinct groups of mantle xenoliths in the Mercaderes area would represent a distinct provenance of melts. Since there are distinct isotopic signatures for these mantle xenoliths, different sources should be required. MORB mantle material xenoliths represent melts of upper mantle, while OIB mantle material are related to a mantle plume modified or not by subducted oceanic lithosphere and a delaminated continental lithosphere. Also, in the Mercaderes area, xenoliths could represent distinct events of mantle accretion during the evolution of NVZ or they could represent a vertical sampling of the mantle. Major-element diversity of ocean island basalts: Constraints from melting phase relations of pyroxenite T. KOGISO , M. PERTERMANN , AND M. M. HIRSCHMANN 3 1 Institute for Frontier Research on Earth Evolution, JAMSTEC, Japan (firstname.lastname@example.com) 2 Institut für Mineralogie und Petrographie, ETH Zürich, Switzerland (email@example.com) 3 Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Minnesota, USA (firstname.lastname@example.com)


The role of talent management is becoming more and more important not only in Hungary, but also in Europe and in the world. This is also shown by the literature on the subject and by the developed infrastructure. The identification and care of talents begins in childhood and can be continued in tertiary education. In Hungary there are more and more talent care programs in our tertiary education, which enable students to work on their talents. We need to encourage talent management so that hidden talents can also become visible. There is a necessity in higher education for programs led by mentors who can identify and take care of the promising talents so that after finishing their education these students can fit in the labour market.


The COVID‐19 pandemic not only affected physical health but also caused high levels of mental health problems including sleep disturbances, depression and post‐traumatic stress symptoms. The aim of this study was to examine the sleep parameters of healthcare workers before COVID‐19 infection and after recovery.


Distributed Denial of Service attacks are attempt to make a network resources become inaccessible, by interrupting services of host connected to network. Virus-affected computers are called as zombies. Botnet or robot network is an extensive group of zombie Computers. Botnet keeps the secret behind any file those are .mp3 and image file. These files deliver a request to certain intention selected by attacker and such zombie network cause incredible DDoS attack. The proposed system ensures that detection and mitigation of DDoS attacks in various file that comes under different module. We use two way detection in our system, first is signature based detection using snort, second is anomaly based detection using K-means clustering algorithm. The system ensures continuously learning new patterns and snort database updating after every new request, it also works for offline file based attacks. K-means is use to authorize new set of attack. K-means clustering algorithm gets combined with Snort to upgrade the detection of new malicious packet and decrease the redundant false alarm rate.


(This text is submitted for the volume 'A Handbook of Spatial Statistics' edited by A.E. Gelfand, P. Diggle, M. Fuentes, and P. Guttorp, to be published by Chapmand and Hall/CRC Press, and planned to appear as Chapter 4.4 with the title 'Parametric methods'.)


We consider detailed roughness and conductivity corrections to the Casimir force in the recent Casimir force measurement employing an Atomic Force Microscope. The roughness of the test bodies-a metal plate and a sphere- was investigated with the Atomic Force Microscope and the Scanning Electron Microscope respectively. It consists of separate crystals of different heights and a stochastic background. The amplitude of roughness relative to the zero roughness level was determined and the corrections to the Casimir force were calculated up to the fourth order in a small parameter (which is this amplitude divided by the distance between the two test bodies). Also the corrections due to finite conductivity were found up to the fourth order in relative penetration depth of electromagnetic zero point oscillations into the metal. The theoretical result for the configuration of a sphere above a plate taking into account both corrections is in excellent agreement with the measured Casimir force.


The relative benefit of active noise reduction (ANR), compared with conventional hearing protection, was assessed. Two groups of normal‐hearing subjects, differing in age, and one group with bilateral sensorineural hearing loss participated. Subjects were tested with the ears unoccluded, and fitted with E‐A‐R foam plugs, E‐A‐R HI‐FI plugs, Bilsom Viking muffs, and Peltor 7004 muffs with ANR capability. The E‐A‐R foam plug provided the highest, and the E‐A‐R HI‐FI plug the lowest, real‐world sound attenuation, from 250 Hz to 8 kHz. The Bilsom and Peltor muffs were midway and virtually identical. ANR reduced sound levels by an additional 10 dB at 250 Hz. In normal listeners, protectors improved word recognition in noise but there was no difference due to the device. In impaired listeners, performance in quiet was significantly better with the ears unoccluded or fitted with the E‐A‐R HI‐FI plugs than with the other conventional devices. ANR was midway. In noise, performance was relatively best with ANR and w...


The objective of this study was to evaluate carcass yield, measurements, cuts, and fat deposition of sheep fed banana pseudostem hay and Tifton 85 grass hay, with or without virginiamycin. Thirty-three uncastrated male Dorper × Santa Ines crossbred lambs at five months of age, with an average body weight of 25.00 ± 1.95 kg, were used in a feedlot experiment. The following four diets were evaluated: Tifton 85 grass hay plus concentrate with virginiamycin, banana pseudostem hay replacing 60% of Tifton 85 grass hay plus concentrate with virginiamycin, Tifton 85 grass hay plus concentrate without virginiamycin, and banana pseudostem hay replacing 60% of Tifton 85 grass hay plus concentrate without virginiamycin. The experiment was set in a completely randomized design, in a factorial scheme, using orthogonal contrasts. The diet replacing 60% Tifton 85 grass hay by banana pseudostem hay without virginiamycin had no effect on carcass traits. The combination of virginiamycin and Tifton 85 grass hay provided increases in warm carcass weight, warm carcass yield, spine, omental and mesenteric fat deposition, and, regardless of roughage, increases in the thoracic perimeter.


The t-test and Basic Inference Principles The t-test is used as an example of the basic principles of statistical inference. One of the simplest situations for which we might design an experiment is the case of a nominal two-level explanatory variable and a quantitative outcome variable. Table 6.1 shows several examples. For all of these experiments, the treatments have two levels, and the treatment variable is nominal. Note in the table the various experimental units to which the two levels of treatment are being applied for these examples.. If we randomly assign the treatments to these units this will be a randomized experiment rather than an observational study, so we will be able to apply the word " causes " rather than just " is associated with " to any statistically significant result. This chapter only discusses so-called " between subjects " explanatory variables, which means that we are assuming that each experimental unit is exposed to only one of the two levels of treatment (even though that is not necessarily the most obvious way to run the fMRI experiment). This chapter shows one way to perform statistical inference for the two-group, quantitative outcome experiment, namely the independent samples t-test. More importantly, the t-test is used as an example for demonstrating the basic principles of statistical inference that will be used throughout the book. The understanding of these principles, along with some degree of theoretical underpinning, is key to using statistical results intelligently. Among other things, you need to really understand what a p-value and a confidence interval tell us, and when they can 141 142 CHAPTER 6. T-TEST Experimental units Explanatory variable Outcome variable people placebo vs. vitamin C time until the first cold symptoms hospitals control vs. enhanced hand washing number of infections in the next six months people math tutor A vs. math tutor B score on the final exam people neutral stimulus vs. fear stimulus ratio of fMRI activity in the amygdala to activity in the hip-pocampus Table 6.1: Some examples of experiments with a quantitative outcome and a nominal 2-level explanatory variable and cannot be trusted. An alternative inferential procedure is one-way ANOVA, which always gives the same results as the t-test, and is the topic of the next chapter. As mentioned in the preface, it is hard to find a linear path for learning experimental design and analysis because so many of the important …


Abstract A set of nomograms has been constructed to facilitate the application of the solution of Papadopulos & Cooper to recovery tests on fully-penetrating large-diameter wells in confined aquifers. The data required are: the well geometry, the abstraction rate and period, the drawdown at the end of pumping and the time taken for 25, 50 or 75% recovery to occur.


Bioassay guided isolation studies on the chloroform extract of D. repens led to the isolation of a new steroid, (22E, 24α)-24-ethyl-3-oxocholesta-4,22(23)-dien-25-ol (1). The identity of the new compound was established using a combination of spectroscopic data.


Without increasing the bit rate, discloses a scalable encoding apparatus that can suppress the quality degradation of a decoded signal. In this device, core layer coding section (101) and the enhancement layer coding section (102) performs coding on the input signal in the speech frame. Or the degree of change in the input signal of the current frame from the previous frame is a predetermined value or more, or a replacement determination unit in a past frame quality improvement degree of the decoded signal by the enhancement layer coding processing is below a predetermined level (103) If is to determine, replacement unit (105) replaces a portion of enhancement layer encoded data of the past frame with core layer encoded data of the current frame. That is, the transmission unit (108), as a backup core layer encoded data of the current frame, and transmits the previously decoded side.


This article analyzes the economic policy of the major emerging economies after the global financial crisis. It also contributes with the extension of the periodization of the "stages of the crisis" originally proposed by the BIS (2009). It was possible to identify a deeper defensive character of the macroeconomic strategies in emerging countries, as well as the introduction of elements hitherto considered unsuitable for conventional wisdom, such as capital controls. The argument is organized as follows. After a brief introduction, we analyzed the stages of crisis and then the principal reactions of economic policy in emerging economies. From this background, the concluding remarks provide an assessment of the options adopted by Brazil and the challenges posed by the environment of economic recovery.

Key Words: emerging economies; global financial crisis; economic policy


Abstract Sponsorship of sporting and other events has become an increasingly popular marketing communications vehicle. However, little research has investigated how sponsorship participation is beneficial to a firm and its brands. This study explores how managers view the brand-equity-building capabilities of their sponsorship linked marketing programs over time. In a two-phase survey, fifty managers report on the value of sponsorships in building brand equity. Findings show that "leverage," the use of advertising and promotion to support the sponsorship, and active management involvement are significant predictors of both the perceived differentiation of the brand from its competitors and adding financial value to the brand.


This paper concentrates on the discussion of formulation mechanism of English- chatting language on the Internet (net-chatting language),holding the view:The form and application of English -chatting language on the internet is based on the iconicity in sound and economical principles of pragmatics,meanwhile,the motive of the net-chatting language use results from speech similarity and the least effort and swiftness in language use.


Clinical features of postherpetic neuralgia The severity of the pain in postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is frequently sufficient to completely disrupt the lives of otherwise healthy individuals. The pain appears as the acute viral infection subsides and persists, often indefinitely. Thus, even if VZV infection were completely eliminated tomorrow, there would still be hundreds of thousands of individuals with severe PHN. No numbers or words can adequately describe the daily torture they endure. It is essential that we find a satisfactory treatment for this problem as soon as possible. One approach to developing a treatment is to determine the mechanisms of the pain and then devise rational interventions to mitigate those mechanisms. The essential first step in this process is to study the clinical features of the patients. Patients with PHN report one or more of the following ; a steady, deep aching pain that often has an abnormal quality, a lancinating pain that is brief, intense and often described in terms reminiscent of trigeminal neuralgia, and, finally, allodynia which is the induction of a sharp pain by light, moving, cutaneous stimuli. In individual patients, the most unpleasant aspect of their pain may be either continuous deep aching pain, lancinating pain, or allodynia. What insight we currently have into the mechanisms of PHN has come from a combination of sensory and neuropathological studies and pharmacological interventions. Compared to patients who have had acute zoster but have recovered without persistent pain, patients with PHN characteristically have dermatomal areas of cutaneous scarring and sensory loss'. Head and Campbe112~ reported extensive damage in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) supplying the affected dermatomes in 21 cases of HZ. Subsequent pathological studies have also demonstrated loss of nerve fibers in the affected segments3~5~. This is not surprising since the latent viral nucleic acid resides in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) cells which sustain the brunt of the attack during viral reactivation. The sensory deficits and evidence of destruction of DRG cells and their peripheral axons have led some clinical investigators to propose that it is the anatomical disruption of primary afferents and consequent deafferentation of their target dorsal horn neurons that leads to the development of pain1'6'. Although it is clear that both sensory deficit and loss of primary afferent neurons are present in most PHN patients, evidence supporting the deafferentation hypothesis is not conclusive because investigators have not directly correlated the pain and allodynia with the anatomical loss of primary of f erents and the sensory deficits. For example, only one of Head and Holmes 21 patients was reported to have had PHN2'. None the less, ideas about the mechanism of PHN pain have continued to center around the idea that primary afferent loss, i.e. deafferentation, is central to pain development.


An electrical method is applied to SiGe and SiGe:C heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs) to extract the bandgap narrowing in the base layer and to characterize the presence of parasitic energy barriers in the conduction band, arising from boron transient enhanced out-diffusion from the SiGe layer. It is shown that a background carbon concentration within the base (/spl ap/10/sup 20/ cm/sup -3/) eliminates parasitic energy barriers at the collector/base junction, and hence shows that transient enhanced diffusion of boron from the base has been completely suppressed.


The incident management process consists of four sequential steps-incident detection, response, clearance and recovery. Each of these components comprises of a number of operations and coordinated decision-making between the agencies involved. The provision of computer based support tools for the personnel involved will help develop appropriate strategies and increase efficiency and expediency. Existing systems are developed on various traditional computing platforms. However, with the advent of World Wide Web and Internet based programming tools such as Java, it is now possible to develop platform independent decision support tools for the incident management agencies. Any agency will be able to use these Web based tools on a computer with a Java enabled browser. Thus, Web based tools offer an invaluable opportunity to develop next generation online decision support tools for real-time traffic management. The major objectives of this paper are: 1. to explore and demonstrate the applicability of Web-based tools for the development of online decision support systems for incident management and, 2. to develop and test a prototype incident management decision support system (DSS) which has most of the capabilities of similar UNIX based DSS. The paper briefly describes the implementation and development of a prototype wide-area incident management support system using Web-based tools. It also describes the implementation architecture and the individual functions of this prototype.


Researchers are engaged in exploring new ecological solvents for different applications, in accordance with the current trends in green chemistry and green engineering. This study is focused on the development of stable emulsions using eco-friendly ingredients, such as two green solvents as dispersed phase (N,N-dimethyl decanamide and α-pinene) and a nonionic polyoxyethylene glycerol ester derived from coconut oil as emulsifier. α-Pinene is a renewable essential oil that could find numerous agrochemical applications. In this investigation, we study the influence of dispersed phase concentration on droplet size distribution, physical stability, and rheological properties of highly concentrated eco-friendly emulsions. The laser diffraction technique revealed submicron droplet sizes for all studied emulsions. A coalescence process was detected in the most concentrated emulsions, not only by laser diffraction measurements, but also by rheology. Increasing the dispersed phase concentration from 30 to 45 wt % y...


Abstract Many authors have argued that International Public Administration can influence policy-making through their expert authority. The article compares de jure and de facto expert authority of IPAs to evaluate their conformity. It comparatively assesses the two kinds of authority for five important IPAs (BIS, FAO, IMF, OECD and World Bank) active in agriculture or financial policy. It shows that, on average, de jure and de facto authority seem to conform. At the same time, it demonstrates that gaps between de jure and de facto authority exist at the level of the IPAs, the policy areas and the IPAs' addressees.


An editorial is presented which addresses the authors' views about public health surveillance of first-year U.S. military personnel and vaccinations to prevent hepatitis A and B infections as of 2018. Preexposure prophylaxis and a three-dose vaccination regime are examined, along with the risks associated with hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections. Seroprotection and emergency responses to hurricanes are assessed.


We use the techniques of convex optimization, especially semidefinite programming, to study two kinds of fundamental tasks, i.e., distillation and simulation in quantum information theory. We investigate these tasks in a unified framework of resource theory and focus on their computation and characterization with finite resources. Particularly we study the tradeoff among relevant parameters such as the number of resource copies, resource transformation rate, error tolerance and success probability. In the first part, we study the task of distillation for two different resources, maximally entangled state and maximally coherent state, representing nonlocal and local "quantumness" respectively. For entanglement distillation, we derive an efficiently computable second-order estimation of the distillation rate for general quantum states, which are tight for quantum states of practical interest. Our study overcomes the limitation of conventional research either focusing on the asymptotic rate or ignoring the computability. For the coherence distillation, we perform finite analysis for both deterministic and probabilistic scenarios. Our results unveil several new features of coherence from a resource theoretic viewpoint and contribute to an increased understanding of the fundamental properties of different sets of free operations. In the second part, we investigate the resource cost of simulating a quantum channel via quantum coherence or another quantum channel. We introduce the channel's analogs of maxrelative entropy, logarithmic robustness and max-information of quantum states, providing their operational interpretation with the channel simulation cost via different resources. Particularly, we establish the asymptotic equipartition property of the channel's max-information, that is, it converges to the quantum mutual information of the channel in the independent and identically distributed asymptotic limit. As applications, this asymptotic equipartition property implies the quantum reverse Shannon theorem in the presence of non-signalling correlations. From the perspective of resource theory, the worth of a resource can usually be characterized by the minimum distance to a set of useless resources under a proper distance measure. We give such characterization for all the tasks studied in this thesis, and find that the distance measure for the distillation and simulation process naturally corresponds to the quantum hypothesis testing relative entropy and the max-relative entropy, respectively. List of Publications During the time of my PhD study, I am honored to collaborate with many excellent researchers. Parts of this thesis are based on material contained in the following papers. • K. Fang, X. Wang, M. Tomamichel, and R. Duan, Non-asymptotic entanglement distillation, submitted, arXiv:1706.06221, 2017. [Chapter 3] • B. Regula, K. Fang, X. Wang, and G. Adesso, One-shot coherence distillation, Physical Review Letters 121, 010401, 2018. [Chapter 4] • K. Fang, X. Wang, L. Lami, B. Regula, G. Adesso, Probabilistic distillation of quantum coherence, Physical Review Letters 121, 070404, 2018. [Chapter 4] • K. Fang, X. Wang, M. Tomamichel, and M. Berta, Quantum channel simulation and the channel's max-information, submitted, arXiv:1807.05354, 2018. [Chapter 5] • M. Dı́az, K. Fang, X. Wang, M. Rosati, M. Skotiniotis, J. Calsamiglia, A. Winter, Using and reusing coherence to realize quantum processes, submitted, arXiv:1805.04045, 2018. [Chapter 5] Other work on which this manuscript does not focus: • W. Xie, K. Fang, X. Wang, and R. Duan, Approximate broadcasting of quantum correlations, Physical Review A 96, 022302, 2017. • X. Wang, K. Fang, and M. Tomamichel, On converse bounds for classical communication over quantum channels, submitted, arXiv:1709.05258, 2017. • X. Wang, K. Fang, and R. Duan, Semidefinite programming converse bounds for quantum communication, submitted, arXiv:1709.00200, 2017. • X. He, K. Fang, X. Sun, and R. Duan, Quantum advantages in Hypercube game, arXiv: 1806.02642, 2018.


The failure to maintain an effective electricity supply to the Auckland Central Business District was devastating to the management and employees of Mercury Energy (New Zealand). This paper presents the background to the event, the sequence of events leading up to the crisis failure, how the situation was recovered, the establishment and conclusions of the ministerial inquiry and what lessons there are to be learned.


SUMMARY

Two cases are described of young persons of rather inadequate personality who became dependent upon aspirin (acetylsalicyclic acid) in a manner reminiscent of the commoner agents of addiction, suggesting that the personality is more important than the drug in addiction and abuse. Both belong to non-urban communities, and to New Zealand in days when the European-U.S. drug taking pattern was unknown in New Zealand.


Objective: To compare the efficacy of organizational measures on helmet use rate of the motorcycle driver and rider in Trang Hospital.

Materials and Methods: The present study was a prospective study comparing the helmet use rate before and after the measures including helmet policy, supportive and incentive organizational measure, and penalizing organizational measure. The personnel of Trang Hospital included 1,441 people. There were 637 drive-only personnel, 143 ride-only personnel and 443 drive-ride personnel. The helmet use rate was collected at the front gate of the hospital by closed circuit video camera monitoring during 07:00 am to 08:30 am every day for one week before and after the various measures. The mean helmet use rates were compared by the chi-square test was considered significant at the p value of less than 0.05.

Results: The increased rate of helmet use in driver after the supportive and incentive organizational measure and the penalizing organizational measure compared to the helmet use rate before the policy measures were statistically significant (p<0.001). Unlike the increased rate of helmet use in driver and rider after the policy measure compared to the helmet use rate before the policy measure were not statistically significant (p=0.220, 0.470, consecutively). The increased helmet use of the rider after the penalizing organizational measure was statistically significant when compared to the helmet use rate before the policy (p<0.001), and the supportive and incentive measure (p=0.019). However, the increased rate of helmet use in driver after the penalizing organizational measure compared to the helmet use rate after the supportive and incentive organizational measure were not statistically significant (p=0.990).

Conclusion: Only the policy measure has not significantly increased the rate of helmet use in both drivers and riders. The supportive and incentive organizational measure have significantly increased the helmet use rate in the drivers, but not significantly increased the rate of helmet use in the riders. However, the penalizing organizational measure has significantly increased the rate of helmet use in the riders, but not significantly increased the rate of helmet use in the drivers.

Keywords: Helmet implementation, Organizational measure, Head injury prevention, Motorcycle accident, Helmet use rate


Low shear (γ=1 s−1) and shear rate dependent (1 s−1<γ<100 s−1) viscosity measurements on aqueous suspensions of rodlike FD‐virus particles (length=880 nm, diameter=9 nm) below and above the overlap concentration c* =1 particle/length3 are presented. Properties like intrinsic viscosity [η], the virus concentration and shear rate dependence of η are studied in deionized (''saltfree'') suspensions and in the presence of NaCl, where the Coulomb interaction between the particles is totally screened. In the latter case, [η] is in excellent agreement with theoretical predictions [A. R. Altenberger and J. S. Dahler, Macromolecules 18, 1700 (1985); R. M. Davis and W. B. Russel, Macromolecules 20, 518 (1987)]. As a function of the virus concentration, η follows certain power laws in c. The observed exponents depend here on the applied shear rate. In the low shear region, η(c) can be described by the well known Huggins behavior. An attempt to fit the data by the popular stretched exponential form failed. The varia...


In 1950, Gierer and Wirtz advanced a theory of ultrasonic absorption in liquids that attributed virtually all excess absorption to processes involving dislocation migrations in quasi‐crystalline liquids. In particular they deduced an expression for the temperature dependence of α involving only one acoustically determined parameter. Use has been made of this theory to calculate the mean temperature coefficient of the absorption coefficient for a number of liquids for which the appropriate physical data were available. In all cases, the agreement with the experimentally determined temperature dependence is very poor, and in general the correct sign for the coefficient is not predicted by the theory. Since the theory was supposed to account for absorption in both associated liquids (negative temperature coefficient) and nonassociated liquids (positive temperature coefficient), the results suggest that the proposed theory is not acceptable. This work was supported in part by the Office of Naval Research.


Scholars have traditionally categorised early Syriac manuscripts as either Estrangela or Serto. The same categories dominate the prevailing narrative of how Syriac script is thought to have developed. Most see Estrangela as the earliest strata of Syriac and Serto as a later development. More recent scholarship explores how early manuscripts support neither this stark division between script styles nor a sequential development. Of particular challenge to this paradigm are a series of securely dated colophons and notes which use a script style different than the main part of the text. But previous work has looked at only five examples of this phenomenon. By expanding this investigation to 30 examples and drawing upon a recent compiled digital corpus of over 100,000 early Syriac letter forms, the present article explores how large data sets, digital analysis, and visual analytics can help one better understand the development of Aramaic scripts.


Unlike the relatively stable network structure of the transmission and distribution network, under the new distribution network, resulting in errors in the impedance tuning of the fault directional element, misjudgment of the fault directional element, and a decrease in sensitivity. For this reason, this paper proposes a sequence component adaptive fault directional element based on power frequency variation. The sequence impedance amplitude is calculated through the measured values of the voltage sequence component and the current sequence component of the relay location. Then the phase angle of the setting impedance is determined according to various sequence components in the system. It improves the problem that the setting impedance of power frequency distance directional element is greatly affected by the amplitude and phase angle fluctuation of distribution system impedance and line impedance. The reliability and stability of the sequence component adaptive fault directional element based on the power fresquency variation are verified by Matlab simulation.


We report a simple method for fabricating quartz molds with submicrometer- and nanoscaled surface structures. It utilizes an excimer laser as the energy source and a roller-type contact-printing setup for directly transferring a patterned metallic thin film from a silicon mold to a quartz substrate. The transferred metallic patterns are subsequently used as an etching mask for dry etching on the quartz plate. Experiments have been carried out to determine the optimal parameters for successful pattern transformation. Experimental results on fabricating quartz molds are presented, and potential applications of this innovative pattern transformation method are addressed.


TPS8587Background: Lurbinectedin (L), a synthetic analog of marine-based tetrahydroisoquinolone, blocks active transcription, produces DNA breaks and apoptosis, and affects the inflammatory microen...


This paper investigates impact of the mobile user orientation on positioning accuracy in indoor environment using WLAN technology. Positioning methods focused in the experimental analysis are the Cell-ID method and the space segmentation methods. Both methods assign the mobile terminal with unknown location coordinates based upon the access point with the strongest signal. In this paper, the methods are described, experimental analysis is performed and the results are presented, and conclusions are derived regarding effects of the mobile user orientation on positioning accuracy.


Periodic calibration does not prevent out-of-tolerances from occurring, but with a well-managed recall program, the risk can be minimized. Managing calibration recall intervals can be a perplexing task and sometimes seem somewhat arbitrary. Do I use the manufacturer's recommended interval? Do I use the ever so popular, yet arbitrary 12-month interval? Or, do I just use the interval that was used last time my unit was calibrated? Selecting an interval that is too long could save on excessive calibration costs, however it could also introduce the additional unwanted risk of using an out of tolerance item. An interval that is too short would eliminate that risk, but calibration costs will rise. The goal is to have the perfect Goldilocks situation to find an interval that is just right. One that will reduce calibration costs, yet still give you confidence that it will still be in-tolerance at the next calibration event. A simple examination of past calibration history, combined with a few strategic confidence checks will make managing recall intervals logical and cost effective.


Along with the development of the computer technology and the Internet, information hiding is given increasing attention. All kinds of the important information, such as government information, business information, personal privacy etc, should be transmitted safely. In the future, information hiding will play a very important role in the network to protect the information from damage. The content of this thesis is presented as follows: The analysis of the basic theory and concept of information hiding; The analysis and application of the space domain algorithms, transform (frequency) domain algorithm, etc focusing on the technology of digital watermarking, covert channel and anonymous communications. The theory of wavelet analysis and the experimental models are discussed deeply, basing on which the research and application of the wavelet is explored in the field of information hiding.


Prolonged exposure therapy (PE) is one of the most efficacious and widely utilized treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD); however, no empirical studies have examined PE when implemented using an interpreter for patients with limited English proficiency (LEP). This omission is at odds with data indicating the number of individuals in the United States who speak languages other than English has risen dramatically over the past few decades and is expected to continue to grow. Consequently, there is a need to understand whether evidence-based trauma interventions, such as PE, work when utilizing an interpreter to reduce barriers in access to care. This case study presents an overview of the case of Teresa, a 28-year-old monolingual Spanish-speaking Latina female who was treated for PTSD following an armed home robbery. Teresa was treated with PE using certified Spanish-speaking medical interpreters. Teresa received 13 sessions of PE and showed clinically significant reductions in both PTSD and depression. This article details the progression of her case, challenges associated with utilizing an interpreter in PE, recommendations for the incorporation of interpreters in the delivery of evidence-based trauma treatment, and directions for future research.


Household real disposable income saw no increase within the fi rst eight months in 2014 relative to the corresponding period last year, whereas in the period between January 2013 and August 2013 it increased more than 4% relative to the corresponding period in 2012. The level of inequality slightly improved in H1 2014 compared to H1 2013.


The complexation degrees of Al-, Ti- and Zr-butoxide (M) with unsaturated and saturated β-diketones (3-allylpentane-2.4-dione-APD, acetylacetone-ACAC) and β-ketoesters (methacryloxyethyl-acetoacetate-MEAA, allylacetoacetate-AAA, ethylacetoacetate-EAA) as organic ligands (L) were examined by IR and 13 C NMR spectroscopy and were found to be L:M ≥ 1.5. The hydrolytic stability of the ligands of the metal alkoxide complexes (L:M = 1) during hydrolysis/condensation reactions at the molar ratio h (H2O : OR) = 0.5–2.0 decreases with increasing H2O:complex ratio. Furthermore, the ligand stability depends on the type of metal in the complexes and decreases in the order Al- > Zr- > Ti-butoxide complexes at h=1. The ACAC ligand likewise shows in the Al-, Ti- and Zr-butoxide complexes a high hydrolytic stability (95–100%) at h=1 within 7 days. The Ti- and Zr-butoxide complexes with β-ketoesters as ligand show at h=1> a release to a different extent e.g., up to 60% in the case of the MEAA-ligand in the Ti-butoxide complex after 2 days. In general, the hydrolytic stability of the ligands in the Ti-butoxide complexes (L:M = 1, h=1) decreases in the order ACAC > APD > AAA > EAA ≥ MEAA. The hydrolysis/condensation reaction of complexes having a weak ligand stability leads to larger particle sizes in the sols than those with stable ACAC ligands. The results contribute to a more controlled synthesis of sols and of new inorganic-organic hybrid polymers via the sol-gel process.


The Front End Software Architecture (FESA) developed at CERN was chosen to serve as the front-end level of the future FAIR control system [1]. FESA provides the tools to design and operate DAQ systems (FESA classes) based on common platforms such as PCI, cPCI and VME. It handles common tasks like multiplexing and publishing of the data to Java based GUI applications. A complete FESA framework environment (V2.10) has now been established at GSI, which already allows developments for the existing accelerators to obtain the expertise with the development techniques and the look-andfeel of the final applications.


Through the analysis of LQ and IGC on the main industries in Hunan province,this paper got some industries with competitive edges and potential of undertaking.Finally according to the industrial characteristics of resources and the undertaking conditions in Hunan province,it identified the key industries which can undertake the industrial transfer in Hunan province.


Groundwater contamination by dissolved organic compounds such as Non-Aqueous Phase Liquids or NAPLs (e.g. gasoline or chlorinated solvents) is a common environmental problem that increasingly gains attention among scientists, engineers, and practitioners. Locating NAPL sources and their extent, cleaning up the aquifers, and predicting mass transfer and transport of contaminants of this kind are difficult tasks. Experimentally validated numerical model that can be readily used to assess or predict dissolution of NAPL in heterogeneous subsurface environment is very limited. This work presents an initial development and validation of a finite-element based numerical model that is capable of simulating simultaneous mass transfer or dissolution of entrapped NAPL and advective-dispersive transport of the dissolved constituent in the groundwater environment. A one-dimension Crank-Nicolson Finite Element Galerkin code (CNFEG) was developed [1] and validated using dissolution data obtained from column experiments. Nonlinear regression technique is also used in the validation process and results were used to assess statistical significance of hydrodynamic on mass transfer processes.


The embodiment of the invention discloses a safety information uploading method and a server. The method includes the steps that a headquarter server receives safety information from a local server, wherein the safety information includes hard encryption client information and / or soft encryption client information, the hard encryption client information includes the corresponding relation of a local server private key and a hard encryption client public key, and the soft encryption client information includes the corresponding relation of a local server secret key certificate and a soft encryption client secrete key certificate; the hard encryption client information is in a local hard encryption device; the soft encryption client information is in a local soft encryption module, wherein the soft encryption client information includes information converted from the hard encryption client information. Compared with the prior art, the safety information uploading method does not need to be repaired by a client, user experience is improved, and meanwhile, the batch uploading method improves uploading efficiency.


SUMMARY

The preparation of new esters of o-coumaric and cinnamic acids is described. Spray applications of o-coumaric acid were inactive in vivo against Venturia inaequalis on immature leaves but alkyl esters of the acid penetrated intact leaves more readily and reduced the incidence of disease. Isobutyl o-coumarate was the most active compound. In contrast to o-coumaric acid, cinnamic acid gave some measure of control but esters of this acid were not consistently better. The most satisfactory formulation mixture for these materials contained acetone, Tween 80 and Triton X-100, giving a fine crystalline suspension.

Systemic action of isobutyl o-coumarate in shoots of the apple variety Cox's Orange Pippin was demonstrated, and its presence in the upper epidermis of the first five leaves above those to which it had been applied was shown by thin-layer chromatography of extracted material.


As the Internet has become a popular avenue for users to seek health-related information, the prevalence of online rumors represents a growing concern. If users trust and share bogus health information on the Internet, repurcussions could be serious. Therefore, this paper examines how users' intention to trust and share rumors vary as a function of three factors: length, sentiment of rumors, and presence of pictures. The individual difference of risk propensity is also taken into account. Data were collected from 110 participants using a 2 (length of rumors: short or long) × 2 (rumor sentiments: positive or negative) × 2 (presence of pictures: present or absent) within-participants web-based experiment. Results indicate that long rumors as well as those without pictures were likely to be trusted and shared regardless of individuals' risk propensity. However, the relationship between rumor sentiment and intention was not always consistent between risk-averse and risk-seeking individuals. Implications of the results for both theory and practice are highlighted.


In article the question of spatial distribution and a role soil makroand the megafauna submitted by earthworms, ants, moles, by field mice in natural and used is considered as haymakings and pastures meadow landscapes of northern slopes Warmian height. Distribution zoogenic complexes on key sites «Il΄ichevka», «Wladimirovo», «Sosnovka» is shown. Features of spatial structure of soil fauna are described at ecological research dominant area with reference to features of a soil and vegetative cover. The characteristic of spatial structure soil animals on classification of Flint is given.


The article brings about an original contribution to the investigation of the growth
dynamics of the manufacture industry of Rio Grande do Sul, during the 1985-
-2002 period. After the presentation of general data on the behavior of the gaucha
manufacture industry (its productive performance in physical and money terms),
the article reviews a number of texts that analyze the conjuncture of the RS
industry, stressing the main explanatory variables. Dealing with a multivariate
regression model subject co-integration analysis, the article concludes that sales
of the gaucha industry to the rest of Brazil and abroad and the exchange tax
were the chief determinants of the level the physical production of the industry of
Rio Grande do Sul in the period under scrunity.


Chlamydophila abortus is one of the pathogens which induce abortion in small ruminants; this pathogen has a tropism for ruminant placenta and causes the disease commonly referred to as Ovine Enzootic Abortion (OEA). In Europe are estimated economic losses of around 20 million pounds a year by OEA. In the American Continent the disease has been reported only in Canada, the United States, Colombia and Chile while in Mexico it is unknown whether OEA is common and it is causing abortions in flocks of sheep from "Estado de Mexico". The objective of this study was investigating the prevalence of anti-Chlamydophila abortus IgG antibodies and detection of C. abortus DNA in sheep with clinical abort history by mean of ELISA assay (C. abortus ELISA, Institute Pourquier, Montpellier, France) and molecular identification of the principal outer membrane protein (POMP 90-91B) gene by PCR, respectively. A cross-sectional study was carried out to enroll and random sample of ewes from november 2003 until march 2005. A total of 349 sera and vaginal swabs samples were collected from 35 flocks of sheep from Xalatlaco. The results showed that the seropositive rate was 31.1% (14/45) for healthy and 21.3% (65/304) for sheep with history clinical of abort. In vaginal swabs, the PCR showed 0% (0/45) for healthy animals and 0.65% (2/304) for aborted sheep. Samples from the lungs and liver of the fetus of one of these animals were also positive for C. abortus. In conclusion, these results confirmed that infection with C. abortus is common and is affecting sheep flocks in the Mexican highlands. Therefore, is necessary that the authorities responsible for animal welfare in Mexico (SAGARPA) to set up appropriate epidemiological surveillance and control programs to eradicate this disease.


A system for managing time-stamped events with uncertain events-sequence signalling, including a list of variables of which a change of value must lead to the detection of an event to be time-stamped and to be saved; means, for each variable, for positioning a marker indicating the quality of the time-stamping of said event; a buffer for the storage, before they are read by client software, of said events to be time-stamped and to be saved, associated respectively with a time-stamping time, said time-stamped events read by the client software being erased from the buffer; means for enabling and for disabling means for saving in a history the values of the variables corresponding to said time-stamped events that have been read.


An extended Huckel MO analysis of H-H and C-H activation reactions by do ML, species, such a s Cp,LuR, is reported. Two mechanisms are considered. The first mechanism involves a transition state with an electron-deficient coordination mode. The second mechanism involves an envisaged reaction intermediate, in which the u bond is oxidatively added, the oxidation taking place a t the Cp's. The second mechanism is less likely for the systems considered because of a high 2-fold energy barrier associated with the oxidative addition/reductive elimination process. The electronic structure of the reaction intermediate in the first mechanism is considered in detail, and other related reactions a re analyzed. Progress in the exciting field of activation of u bonds (H-H or C-H) has been rapid.'e2 These bond-breaking reactions occur generally via an oxidative addition process L3 The u H-R bond (M =dn) [ M = dn -*I


A B S T R A C T H. pylori infection is associated with several upper gastrointestinal disorders.There are no previous studies on the epidemiology of the infection in Yemen. The purpose of this study is to measure the rate and to explore the associated factors among the some patients in Taiz city, Yemen. This study included 83 specimens isolated from patients that chosen from five different hospitals (Al-Thawra 20, Al-Jumhoori 18, Al-Kanadi 15, Al-Rafaei 15 and Al-Ta'won 15) containing 43 male and 40 female, their aged ranged from 15 to 80 years. The data were obtained by questionnaire. H.pylori positive was checked by assessed IgM antibody in blood using ELISA technique. Results of this study showed that prevalence of the infection increased with age greater than 35 years. Smoking, drinking water resources, coffee drinking status were asked by a self-administered questionnaire. Results of this study showed that there was a significant correlation between smoking, drinking coffee also the type of drinking water consumed during childhood and H. pylori infection. H. pylori infection showed no significant correlation with sex, weight and consumption antibiotics.


Isolated bi-directional DC-DC converter is required in many applications, such as solid-state transformer, DC distribution system for future grids, naval power systems, and electrical mobility. Dual Active Bridge (DAB) is a preferred candidate in these applications because of the soft-switching operation and bidirectional power flow capability. The conducted Electromagnetic Interference (EMI), due to high dv/dt and parasitic capacitance, of the DAB based isolated DC-DC system is analyzed. Isolated DC-DC systems based on single-phase and three-phase DAB are analyzed for different modulation schemes. Stray capacitance of the semiconductor device package and medium-frequency transformer is considered. Based on the analysis of the existing systems, an improved DC-DC converter architecture is proposed that can significantly reduce the conducted EMI. The proposed approach ensures synchronization and matching of the rising edge of the node voltage of one converter leg with the falling edge of node voltage of another converter leg to cancel the common-mode current.


We have recently reported a general synthetic route to DNA oligomers containing a covalently cross-linked Watson ± Crick base pair model. In this paper, using n-type DNA oligomers as examples, we present experimental results demonstrating that these oligomers indeed exhibit conformational properties close to those of corresponding native DNA duplexes. For the current studies, we used DNA oligomers I and II, containing an arbitrarily chosen base sequence. To compare the global conformations of I and II with that of the corresponding native DNA duplex III, we first measured their circular dichroism (CD) spectra (Figure 1). These exhibited the distinct characteristics of B-form DNA. Figure 2 summarizes the temperature-dependent CD spectra, yielding the melting temperature (Tm) curves and thermodynamic parameters (Table 1) for


Author(s): Stavinoha, M; Cooley, JA; Minasian, SG; McQueen, TM; Kauzlarich, SM; Huang, CL; Morosan, E | Abstract: © 2018 American Physical Society. The solid solution Eu(Ga1-xAlx)4 was grown in single crystal form to reveal a rich variety of crystallographic, magnetic, and electronic properties that differ from the isostructural end compounds EuGa4 and EuAl4, despite the similar covalent radii and electronic configurations of Ga and Al. Here we report the onset of magnetic spin reorientation and metamagnetic transitions for x=0-1 evidenced by magnetization and temperature-dependent specific heat measurements. TN changes nonmonotonously with x, and it reaches a maximum around 20 K for x=0.50, where the a lattice parameter also shows an extreme (minimum) value. Anomalies in the temperature-dependent resistivity consistent with charge density wave behavior exist only for x=0.50 and 1. Density functional theory calculations show increased polarization between the Ga-Al covalent bonds in the x=0.50 structure compared to the end compounds, such that crystallographic order and chemical pressure are proposed as the causes of the charge density wave behavior.


This digests deals with the study of a stand-alone photovoltaic system, which is able to extract the maximum power from photovoltaic array for all solar intensity conditions and to provide output voltage regulation. The proposed system consists of a DC-DC converter in combination with battery energy storage in a simple structure. Operating principle and control strategy are described. Digital simulation is included, supporting the validity of the concept.


Isolating code that deals with system infrastructure from code that deals with domain rules is a good practice when developing applications. Code that deals with the database, for example, is often isolated in classes following a Data Access Object (DAO) pattern. Developers often create a DAO for each domain entity in the system. However, as some pieces of code deal with more than one entity/table, developers need to decide in which DAO they will place the code, and sometimes choose a less intuitive location. In this paper, we present a heuristic to identify methods that may have been written in an ambiguous place. To validate the idea, we tested it on three industrial projects from a Brazilian company. The heuristic selected, on average, 13% to 18% of the methods in DAOs. After evaluating such methods, we concluded that the heuristic was correct in 50% to 75% of cases. Therefore, we believe that the heuristic can indicate possible technical debt, where the developers may inspect and possibly refactor.


This paper dicsusses some features of word creation that this type of lexicogenesis differentiate from word formation (as lexicogenesis by typical morphological processes). The word creation processes that have been analyzed are blending, clipping, and acronimization. As the differential features of these processes, creation (inventivenes), intentionality, and (semantic) nontransperancy, as well as form reduction are presented. The conclusion is that in the case of the opposition between word creation and word formation, it is better to talk about prototypical categories. In this context, creation (inventivenes), intentionality, (semantic) non-transperancy, and form reduction are considered as prototypical features of the word creation processes.


In a frail, decayed church on a back street in New Haven, the Rev. Mr. Beman arose to give the benediction. Three of the leading white ministers of the town sat behind him on the platform. One had received him in Christian fellowship; another had charged him with his pastoral duties; and the third, the Rev. Leonard Bacon, had presented the prayer to God in behalf of his ministry. The two leading colored clergymen of his sect, the Rev. Theodore S. Wright, of New York, and the Rev. J. W. C. Pennington, of Hartford, had given the sermon and the address to the people. Turning, to his congregation, the Rev. Mr. Beman with a few words of blessing closed the ceremonies installing him pastor of the Temple Street African Church, "Blessed be ye poor; for yours is the kingdom of Heaven." This event took place an autumn day about a century ago (September 28, 1841), and the people who had been crowded into the little meeting room stepped out upon a street narrow and unpaved near the center of the seaport town of New Haven, Connecticut. Some gigs and a carriage or two waited for the rich who had been benevolently present, and soon rattled over the pebbles and the cobbles on a few streets, on their way home. Amos Gerry Beman, after receiving the felicitations of his deacons and committee, walked home across town through the dusk with his wife on his arm. He was elated anid his step was firm. His boyhood ambition had been


1. [Background] Please provide more background about what is known about mental health disorders among trafficked women for unfamiliar readers. Response: We have revised this section as recommended: " Background: Previous studies have found high levels of symptoms of depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder among women survivors of human trafficking. No previous research has described risk factors for diagnosed mental disorders in this population." 2. [Methods] (a) The sentence "the foremost international organisation...." Seems not as relevant to the methods as, e.g., the definition of mental disorders used in the study, the recruitment strategy, information on interviewer training, and the pre-and post-trafficking factors the study controlled for. (b) Also, mention that you look at long-term mental health disorders (average 6 months after return). Response: We have revised this section as recommended: " Methods: A historical cohort study of women survivors of trafficked women aged 18 and over who returned to Moldova and registered for assistance with the International Organisation for Migration (IOM). Women were approached by IOM social workers and, if they gave informed consented to participate in the study, interviewed by the research team. At 2-12 months post-return to Moldova, a psychiatrist assessed DSM-IV mental disorders blind to information about women's pre-trafficking and post-trafficking experiences using the Structured Clinical


Marine fishes have been intensively studied, and some of the fundamental ideas in the science of marine ecology have emerged from the body of knowledge derived from this diverse group of organisms. This unique, authoritative, and accessible reference, compiled by 35 luminary ecologists, evolutionary biologists, and ichthyologists, provides a synthesis and interpretation of the large, often daunting, body of information on the ecology of marine fishes. The focus is on the fauna of the eastern Pacific, especially the fishes of the California coast, a group among the most diverse and best studied of all marine ecosystems. A generously illustrated and comprehensive source of information, this volume will also be an important launching pad for future research and will shed new light on the study of marine fish ecology worldwide. The contributors touch on many fields in biology, including physiology, development, genetics, behavior, ecology, and evolution. The book includes sections on the history of research, both published and unpublished data, sections on collecting techniques, and references to important earlier studies.


The quantity N5(n) is the maximum length of a finite sequence over n symbols which has no two identical consecutive elements and no 5-term alternating subsequence. Improving the constant factor in the previous bounds of Hart and Sharir, and of Sharir and Agarwal, we prove that N5(n) < 2nα(n) +O(nα(n) ), where α(n) is the inverse to the Ackermann function. Quantities Ns(n) can be generalized and any finite sequence, not just an alternating one, can be assigned extremal function. We present a sequence with no 5-term alternating subsequence and with an extremal function n2.


The review analyzes the approaches of the well-known Russian historian A.V. Shubin to the coverage of the typology of revolutions and the features and chronology of the Great Russian Revolution of 1917 and the Civil War of 1918-1922. Alexander Vladlenovich Shubin is Doctor of Historical Sciences, Chief Researcher at the Institute of World History, Russian Academy of Sciences, Professor at Russian State University for the Humanities, author of more than 20 monographs and about 200 scientific publications on the problems of Soviet history and history of leftist ideas and movements.


Caroline G. L. Lee1, Wilfred D. Vieira1, Ira Pastan2 and Michael M. Gottesman1. 1Laboratory of Cell Biology, 2Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health _____________________________________________________________________________________ Corresponding Author: Michael M. Gottesman, Laboratory of Cell Biology, Bldg 37, Room 1A09, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 37 Convent Drive MSC 4255, Bethesda, Maryland 20895-4255, Tel: (301)-496-1530, Fax: (301)-402-0450, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com


In order to verify the reliability of the explosive initiator with small samples,the reliability tests were conducted and the statistical analysis method was proposed. An up-and-down method was used to estimate the parameters of the sensitivity distribution,and the estimation of the scale parameter was revised by using Bootstrap method. According to the hypothesis test and sampling inspection,the functioning reliability of high level stimulus initiator was verified with the small sample tests at low stimulus level based on the parameter estimation. The results show that the reliability of explosive initiator with high requirement can be verified in small samples.


An increasing emphasis is being placed on New Zealand principals and curriculum leaders to implement strategies for school and curriculum self-evaluation and improvement. This paper investigates the phenomenon of science curriculum delivery evaluation at a rural primary school in New Zealand. The evaluation process describes a principal's journey in using a validated evaluation instrument to understand the factors influencing science program delivery at the classroom and school level. On the basis of the data obtained from the application of the instrument and ensuing staff discussion and reflection, focused strategies for curriculum development are discussed.


Report presenting an investigation at conditions of zero ram and seal-level pressure to determine the effect of inlet temperature and humidity on turbojet engine performance with injection of water and water-alcohol mixtures at the compressor inlet.


Indefinite immittance matrices for a five-layer uniform distributed parameter R2-C21-R1-C10-G∞ network are evaluated, taking into account the effects of parasitic capacitance existing among the constituent layers. Immittance matrices are considered to be indispensable for a comparative study of the various network functions associated with all the subnetworks to be yielded by a multilayer distributed parameter network. As such, the presentation of the immittance matrices for this structure is intended to serve as the basis for the systematic evaluation of all network characteristics of a multiterminal device under different electrical conditions to be imposed on its external terminals.


The judgment of the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea (ITLOS) in the M/V Saiga case related to prompt release is indicative. When rendering its first ever judgment, the Tribunal voted twelve to nine to order the release by Guinea of a tanker flying the flag of Saint Vincent. The failure of the President of the ITLOS to forge a strong majority for this first case puts in peril the future of the Law of the Sea Tribunal. It will become evident when consideration is given to the role of the President that, through a lack of leadership it appears that he failed in his mission to ensure a clear pronouncement on the law and as a result, the very legitimacy of this judicial organ is at stake.


Season-long trapping tests during summers of 2004 and 2005 in the Yangtze-Huaihe rice-growing areas demonstrated that there were noticeable seasonal shifts for trapping Chilo suppressalis males. As for trapping the first generation, a four-component lure (162.3 mu-g Z-11-hexedecanal, 81.3 mu-g Z-9-hexedecanal, 56.4 mu-g hexedecanal, and 30.3mu-g Z-13-octadecenal) produced approximately 5-fold trap catches as did the standard pheromone lure of C. suppressalis reported. This ratio was significantly different with the ratios of the over-wintered and the second generation ranging from 1.52 to 1.87. Trap catch depended on the ratio of Z11-and Z9-hexedecanal, but did not depend on either component dosage or the total dosage. The optimal ratio of Z11-and Z9-hexedecanal for field trapping might change with different night-temperatures, and the declining of trap catch in the first flights might be due to the inappropriate ratio of Z11-and Z9-hexedecanal contained in the standard pheromone lure of C. suppressalis.


Spinycheek grouper ( Epinephelus diacanthus ) distribution and biology were studied based on the samples collected during a demersal fish survey conducted by R/V "Al Mustaqila 1" along the Arabian Sea coast of Oman between September 2007 and September 2008. This species was relatively evenly distributed along the coast and occurred in depths from 22 to 182 m with total length range of 6.7–58.1 cm (mean 36.8 ± 0.4 cm SE, n = 715), and weight range of 4.0–2575 g (mean 834.4 ± 22.9 g SE). The sizes most commonly encountered groupers ranged between 33 and 39 cm TL. Differences in size between males (mean 38.5 ± 0.6 cm SE, n = 224) and females (mean 36.7 ± 0.4 cm SE, n = 475) were registered. The length–weight relationship for both sexes combined was TW = 0.0097 TL 3.0896 (R² = 0.99). Females were outnumbered males during the survey period where the overall male to female ratio was 1 : 2.13. Ripening and mature males and females were occurred from February to October, and the peak of spawning was found in May–June. Keywords : Oman, Arabian Sea, Epinephelus diacanthus , distribution, size structure, sex ratio, spawning


The variability of handedness with different tasks is discussed. Experiments are described which show under what conditions handedness becomes evident. Tasks involving three different levels of complexity were used. The simplest task measured the accuracy with which a particular pressure could be reproduced in isometric contraction of the flexors of the index finger on each side in 21 female subjects. In the second situation, the maximum speed of making an attempted tapping movement under the same conditions, was measured in ten of the same subjects using the same muscle group alternating with its antagonists. The same ten subjects were also tested on an aiming task which provided the third level of complexity. The results suggest that differences in performance between the two sides only occur where "timing" or the serial organization of muscle activity is required and that such differences may be due to training. Whether handedness is inherited or acquired is briefly discussed, and a second series of experiments using the same tasks as before were carried out on one female and nine male subjects. In this instance, the first two tests were used on the big toe of each side as well as the index finger. The results confirm that differences in performance between the two sides on these tasks can be adequately explained in terms of usage or training. The hypothesis that "timing" is therefore important in the learning of any movement where serial muscle contractions arc involved was tested and confirmed in a third experimental series. The consistency of timing of the application of force in turning a crank handle at maximum speed was measured in five male subjects before and after training. The implications of the results are discussed in relation to other researches on skills.


Previous evidence indicates that locomotor exercise is a powerful means of increasing brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its signal transduction receptor TrkB mRNA levels, immunolabeling intensity and number of BDNF‐ and TrkB‐immunopositive cells in the spinal cord of adult rats but the contribution of specific cell types to changes resulting from long‐term activity is unknown. As changes in BDNF protein distribution due to systemic stimuli may reflect either its in‐situ synthesis or its translocation from other sources, we investigated where BDNF and TrkB mRNA are expressed in the spinal lumbar segments. We report on the cell types defined by size, BDNF mRNA levels and number of cells with TrkB transcripts in sedentary and exercised animals following 28 days of treadmill walking. In the majority of cells, exercise increased perikaryonal levels of BDNF mRNA but did not affect TrkB transcript levels. Bidirectional changes in a number of TrkB mRNA‐expressing cells occurred in small groups of ventral horn neurons. An increase in BDNF transcripts was translated into changes in pro‐BDNF and BDNF levels. A 7‐day walking regimen increased BDNF protein levels similarly to 28‐day treadmill walking. Our observations indicate that long‐ and short‐term locomotor activity of moderate intensity produce stimuli sufficient to recruit a majority of spinal cells to increased BDNF synthesis, suggesting that continuous tuning of pro‐BDNF and BDNF levels permits spinal networks to undergo trophic modulation not requiring changes in TrkB mRNA supply.


|A new miniaturized patch antenna based on a metal strip is proposed in this paper. The antenna is designed by adding a middle metal strip layer to the substrate of a traditional rectangular patch antenna. By increasing the length of the metal strip, the working frequency of the patch antenna can be continuously reduced without signi(cid:12)cantly impacting the radiation pattern. The simulation results indicate that as the metal strip length increases from 5 mm to 25 mm, the working frequency of the patch antenna decreases from 2.39 GHz to 1.84 GHz, and its gain decreases from 6.72 dBi to 5.4 dBi. Two antenna samples with metal strip lengths of 5 mm and 20 mm are fabricated. The experimental results indicate that their working frequencies are 2.64 GHz and 2.43 GHz, respectively. And the radiation patterns of two antennas are consistent with the simulated results. All results con(cid:12)rm the effectiveness of the proposed miniaturization method.


in 1985 and its role in supporting the rights of some of its critics. In a thought-provoking chapter focusing on his experience as a political prisoner in Egypt during Mubarak's regime, Hassan manages to illustrate the different challenges encountered by EOHR. The second section of the book starts with Hamzawy's account of the human rights and globalisation debate. Hamzawy discusses a very important issue which is at the core of the human rights debate. The increasing interest in human rights in the region has been accounted to globalisation and an attempt to impose western values at the expense of local ones. Amr Hamzawy provides a comprehensive analysis of the main arguments in this debate, the secular, Islamist and reformist and the common features and differences between them. Hicks builds on Hassan's chapter by providing an in-depth study of the EOHR through the 'Spiral Model' of Human Rights Socialisation which focuses on four levels of interactions in the socialisation process by which domestic actors increasingly internalise international human rights norms. Hicks provides a detailed account of the main challenges that were encountered by EOHR. Part Three of the book sheds more light on these challenges but focuses on activists, and foreign funding in Egypt. Pratt discusses a very important issue which has come to the fore more than ever before with the Arab Spring, as many local human rights organisations are being suspected and investigated for receiving foreign funding. The last section presents case studies from Yemen, Morocco, and Egypt. Carapico's study of human rights in Yemen provides much-needed information on a country which is currently witnessing a very fierce struggle for human rights. Moustafa offers a legal perspective on the human rights movement in Egypt which helps the reader to further contextualise the previous chapters on Egypt. Finally, Waltz and Benstead examine the human rights movement in Morocco and give an account of some of the political challenges and focus their discussion on women's rights and family law and the process of embedding a culture of human rights. Hamzawy's concluding chapter predicts an escalation of the struggle for human rights in the region and its ability to create some change.


Within and between molecules of the title compound, C7H11N2+·C6H5NO3−·C6H4NO3, there are C—H⋯O, C—H⋯N, O—H⋯O and N—H⋯O interactions, which generate rings of graph-set motifs S(5), R12(5), R12(6), R12(7) and R21(4). The supramolecular aggregation is completed by the presence of three different π–π interactions and short van der Waals contacts.


The Communist Party of China pays attention to strengthen its advanced construction by means of improving style.Improving the advanced construction of the Party and improving its style are the whole of close connection.Therefore,it must strengthen the advanced construction of Party with fine style.


The present work shows the analysis of a sandblasting process using alumina abrasive particles on Ti-6Al-4V surfaces. The metallic samples were first characterized by optical microscopy (OM), revealing an α+β microstructure with a Widmanstätten morphology. Topography of the samples was assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), before and after sandblasting. The Al2O3 particles used had a granulometric distribution between 420 and 850 μm, with a median particle size (d50) of 670 μm, which decreased to 420 μm after sandblasting for 10 seconds. This change in the size of the particles generated a loss on particle kinetic energy by a factor of 3.5. Such variation on processing conditions induced a progressive increase on average roughness (Ra) of the Ti-6Al-4V surfaces, until the first 7 seconds were reached. From that point on, a reverse process was observed, exerting a polishing effect on the surface of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy.


Epithelial cells exist within a dynamic extracellular matrix (ECM) that is tuned to regulate epithelial cell function. Extensive studies in rodent models of mammary gland development have identified the ECM as a key regulator of progenitor and mature epithelial cell function contributing to proliferation, differentiation, and cell death decisions. Though it is now recognized that the functional unit of epithelium is the epithelial cell and its adjacent ECM, we still lack a basic understanding of how specific ECM niches modulate cell fate in vivo. We have begun to address this gap in knowledge by combining tissue-specific ECM enrichment to query epithelial cell function in 3D culture with mass spectrometry methods optimized for identification of ECM composition. Proteomic approaches to study tissuespecific ECM have been hindered by the proteolyticand solubilization-resistant properties of high molecular weight, heavily glycosylated and highly cross-linked ECM proteins. Where traditional proteomic techniques have failed to adequately identify ECM proteins derived from normal tissue and tumor samples, we have developed novel extraction and protein digestion methods, allowing for significant improvement. Here, we show that two adult tissues with known self-renewal capability, the rodent mammary gland and liver, have distinct ECM compositions. Further, we provide evidence that ECM, and thus the epithelial cell niche, are drug modulated. Finally, we suggest that by combining absolute quantitative ECM proteomics with immunohistochemistry, which provides spatial context for specific ECM components


FIELD: food industry. SUBSTANCE: method for production of a multi-purpose food additive with biocorrection properties involves preparation of base components in the form of oat flour and/or disintegrated oat grains and/or "Hercules" oat flakes, subsequent fermentation with a starter, sediment separation, drying and milling. Additionally, one introduces the base components represented by lentils, barley grains and bulgur taken at a ratio of 2:1:1:1 to oat; after sediment separation one additionally introduces a protective mixture in an amount of 10% of the fermentate with subsequent freezing to a temperature equal to minus 51-55°C. Fermentation is performed with a complex probiotic starter "Bifivit" or Lactobacillis plantarum 31, Bifidobacterium adolescentis MS-42, Propionibacterium shermanii E6 at a ratio of 1:1:1 or Lactobacillis plantarum 31 or Bifidobacterium adolescentis MS-42 or Propionibacterium shermanii E6 till active acidity pH is equal to 5.5-6.5 or with Lactobacillus acidophilus strain till active acidity pH is equal to 5.1-6.0. Sediment separation is performed by way of centrifugation; drying is performed in a lyophilic way during 18-20 hours till moisture content is equal to 12-14%; sediment is milled into powder with particles dispersivity equal to nearly 250-300 mcm. EFFECT: invention allows to produce an additive with increased nutritive and biological value and increased storage life, manifesting immune-modulating and detoxic properties. 7 cl, 1 dwg, 6 tbl, 1 ex


The article clarifies the nature of the theory of the "long tail" and discusses from a conceptual viewpoint the dimensions and consequences of that phenomenon in retail business. The object of study are the following key issues: clarifying the anatomy of t he phenomenon "long tail"; offering argumentation of the need to rethink retail business in the contemporary information society; emphasizing the dimensions of the "long tail" in retail business; interpreting some deficiencies and limitations of the theory of the "long tail", which question its universal character.


Abstract Claims about signed languages present a unique resource for examining sociopolitical formation and change. Examining three claims drawn from original ethnographic data on Hồ Chí Minh City Sign Language, analysis centers on the ways language practices and language ideologies reflect, respond to, and impact sociopolitical formation in Việt Nam, particularly in connection to state restructuring of deaf education during the political reform period (1986 to present). Signer narratives evaluate such circumstances in relation to notions of citizenship, national development, and social participation to posit signed language as the basis for Deaf people's contributions to national development and broader social change. Articulations between signed language and sociopolitical formation have been largely ignored within mainstream social science disciplines and global disability-oriented development, hindering theoretical and practical projects. This article aims to expand the theoretical scope of language-centered inquiry by demonstrating how ethnographic research on signed languages contributes to examination of sociopolitical formation. (Signed language, Việt Nam, deaf education, sociopolitical, citizenship)*


Piezoelectric sensors have many applications in geotechnical engineering, especially in characterizing soils through measurement of wave velocities. Since mechanical properties of a material are closely associated with wave velocities, piezoelectric sensors provide a reliable and non-destructive method for the determination of soil properties. This paper presents results of recent research on measuring stiffness of a wide range of soils such as clay, sand, and gravel, characterizing anisotropic properties of soil induced by external loading, measuring stiffness of base and subgrade materials in the pavement, determining soil properties in a centrifuge model during the flight of a centrifuge, and understanding wave propagation in granular materials under micro-gravity environment using this technique.


The local structure of tetragonal BiFeO3-PbTiO3 solid solutions featuring anomalous lattice distortions has been determined using simultaneous fitting of neutron total scattering and extended X-ray absorption fine structure data. On the local scale, the large tetragonal distortion, promoted by the displacements of the A-cations (Bi and Pb), is accommodated primarily by the [FeO6] octahedra, even though both Fe and Ti acquire (5+1)-fold coordination. Bi cations exhibit considerably larger displacements than Pb. The combination of the A-cation displacements and the ability of M-cations to adopt 5-fold coordination is suggested as key for stabilizing the large tetragonality in BiMO3-PbTiO3 systems.


A method for providing compound of ultra high pure is provided to refine efficiently and economically the compound having impurities having a relative volatility less than 1.2. A method for providing compound of ultra high pure comprises steps of: separating one or more target compounds from one or more impurity compounds from one or more microchannel devices. The target compounds and impurity compounds have a relative volatility less than 1.2. The target compounds have a purity of 99.99%.


Traumatic shoulder dislocations are usually unilateral and anterior,5 bilateral shoulder dislocations are rarely seen4. The literature study showed that simultaneous, bilateral shoulder dislocationare defined as a sports injuries, diabetic patients who developed hypoglycemia, the seizure disorders, during electroconvulsive therapy, the various muscle diseases (scapular myopathy, myasthenia gravis), cerebral palsy and voluntary dislocations2,5 We want to report a rare case of bilateral simultaneous anterior shoulder dislocation after falling from a height. Key words: Shoulder Dislocation, Bilateral, Anterior, Falls From Height


The article deals with studying language characteristics of a person. The author reconstructs language portrait of A. I. Hertsen, N. A. Dobrolubov and D. I. Pisarev drawing on their writings and analyses the concept "person" as it was understood by the publicists.


Despite the increased importance of the role that reliability plays in commercial product development, most companies are still unable to produce reliable software. The practice of software reliability is rare with few techniques that are compatible with commercial schedules and staffing capabilities. Should organizations wait for the next generation of tools, programming languages and development processes to improve their software reliability? No, the answer has always been within their reach. By optimizing best practices for defect removal, development organizations can produce high reliability software. However, most organizations are not aware of the enormous potential for defect prevention that can be achieved before the software is even tested. Upstream improvements in software design for reliability (DfR) will generally produce greater returns than further investments in the test phase. This approach offers the option of implementing software DfR without making large changes to their development processes.