Summary This paper deals with the detection of distributed roughness on ball-bearings mounted on electric motors. Most of the literature techniques focus on the early detection of localized faults on bearing (e.g. on the outer ring) in order to determine the bearing life and to plan the bearing replacing. Localized faults can be detected because they have characteristic signatures which is revealed in the frequency spectrum of the vibration signal acquired by an external sensor, e.g. accelerometer. Unfortunately other faults exist which do not have a characteristic signatures and then they could not be foreseen accurately: e.g. the distributed roughness. In this paper the motor stator current energy is proposed as a fault indicator to identify the presence of the distributed roughness on the bearing. Moreover an orthogonal experiment is set to analyse, through a General Linear Model (GLM), the dependencies of the current energy to the roughness level, and two environmental conditions: the motor velocity and the loads applied externally. ANOVA investigates the statistical significance of the considered factors.


Visible light communication (VLC) systems allow communication and lighting simultaneously. This advantage presents VLC as an emerging technology to provide reliable communication in harsh environments, such as underground mines (UM). To properly implement UM-VLC systems, it is imperative to study the signal propagation phenomenon, to analyze possible problems with the optical signal. Therefore, in this paper, we present the empirical path loss distribution in UM environments. Considering UM dimensions and optical signal components, path loss expressions are mathematically determined by using a curve fitting technique. Graphical and numerical results demonstrate the linear behavior of the mining path loss distributions.


Based on the review of the related theory of economic restructuring and industrial upgrading at home and abroad,with the analysis of the basic situation,the paper makes discussions on the construction of the innovation-driven industrial development systems and the corresponding paths to build the economic upgrades.It puts forward some related suggestions:rely on cities,especially the central cities of coastal areas,implement the fan-shaft development strategy,perfect the city function,cultivate the industrial innovation system,build different kinds of innovative platforms,promote the transformation of government functions and construct the innovation-driven industrial development system.


Abstract There are no contemporary code requirements for the fire resistance of bridge infrastructure, nor is there guidance available for practitioners who wish to design cable-supported structures for the fire. This research seeks to develop an understanding of the thermal response of steel stay-cables under exposure to a pool fire. Multiple varieties of locked coil and spiral strand stay-cables are instrumented with thermocouples and heated by a methanol pool fire. Novel imaging techniques observe the cables' surface during heating and cooling and enable the calculation of thermal strains and deformations. Results herein illustrate a normalisation of cross-sectional temperatures outside of the localised heating region for cable diameters up to 140 mm, provide comparisons of heat transfer behaviours for different cable sizes and configurations, present novel thermal rotational effects, and calculation of cable thermal expansion values. Predictive thermal expansion values provided by the Eurocode are shown to underpredict cable thermal expansion in most cases.


This paper describes the architecture of a comprehensive seismic monitoring system developed in 2009 by the British Columbia Ministry of Transportation and Infrastructure (MoT) and the University of British Columbia, Canada. The main purpose of the British Columbia Smart Infrastructure Monitoring System project is to instrument and monitor key structures to provide confirmation of their seismic capacity, assist in focusing retrofit efforts, detect structural damage, and provide rapid damage assessment of those structures, following a seismic event. The automatic creation of shakemaps following an earthquake provides information for the MoT's non-instrumented bridges. The public notification systems and web pages have been developed to display real-time seismic data both from the strong motion network and seismic structural health monitoring network. Tools and methods have been developed to help transform the current practice of inspecting and evaluating structures to a more rational and effective one that...


Method: The experimental study was conducted on 30 subjects with strokes in the age group of 45-60 years, including both genders, with duration of stroke 1-6 months,and patients with the scoring of berg balance scale in between 21-40.All the subjects were assessed for the outcome measures at baseline using BESTest scale and ABC scale. Both the groups received treatment for 3 times/ week for 4 weeks. Re-assessment of all the outcome measures post 4-week intervention was done.Both the groups received conventional therapy and sequencing combinations of Mental practice and Physical practice.


A new four-dimensional continuous-time autonomous hyperchaotic system is proposed in this paper,which is built by adding a nonlinear controller to a three-dimensional continuous-time autonomous chaotic system. The hyperchaotic system is analyzed by studying the Lyapunov exponent spectrum and bifurcation diagram. The system will take on periodic and complex periodic,chaotic and hyperchaotic behaviors with change of the parameter. Also,an electronic circuit is designed and realized,the experimental results verify the conclusions.


This study was conducted to compare water surface profiles with standard ogeecrested spillways. Different methods were used, such as (experimental models,
numerical models, and design nomographs for the United States Army Corps of
Engineers, USACE). In accordance with the USACE specifications, three different
models were constructed from rigid foam and then installed in a testing flume. The
water surface profile has been recorded for these models with different design
heads. For modeling the experimental model configurations, a numerical model
based on the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) technique was used and is
developed to simulate the water surface profile of the flow over the ogee-crested
spillway. A 2D SPHysics open-source software has been used in this study, using
the SPH formulation to model fluid flow, developing the SPH boundary procedure
to handle open-boundary simulations, and modifying the open-source SPHysics
code for this purpose. The maximum absolute difference between the measured
and computed results of the water surface profile for all head ratios of (H/Hd), does
not exceed 4.63% at the crest region, the numerical results for the water surface
profile showed good agreement with the physical model results. The results
obtained experimentally and numerically by SPH are compared with the CFD
results in order to be more reassuring from the results. Additional comparisons
were made using interpolated data from USACE, Waterways Experiment Station
(WES), and design nomographs. The SPH technique is considered very promising
and effective for free surface flow applications.


Electronic key system for a vehicle comprising a control device (14) mounted on a real car (100A) and an electronic key (12) for transmitting a response signal (Sa) in response to the reception of a request signal (Sr) transmitted from said control apparatus (14) by a transmitting antenna (72), said actual vehicle (100A) a seat (140) on which the user sits comprising; characterized in that said transmitting antenna (72) is installed in the vicinity of the center of the actual vehicle (100A), and wherein said electronic key system further comprises at least a start switch (70) mounted on said seat (140) or in proximity of said seat (140) for starting said electronic key system.


The degenerate semiconductor PbTe with a NaCl-type cubic structure is found to exhibit a huge H-linear magnetoresistance Δρ/ρ in magnetic fields up to the highest applied field of 500 kOe, revealin...


It is our great pleasure to welcome you to the 2015 ACM International Workshop on Mobility and MiddleWare Management in HetNets -- MobiMWareHN'15. This year's workshop continues its tradition of being the premier forum for presentation of research results and experience reports on leading edge issues of access control, including models, systems, applications, and theory. The mission of the symposium is to share novel access control solutions that fulfill the needs of heterogeneous applications and environments and identify new directions for future research and development. MobiMWareHN'15 gives researchers and practitioners a unique opportunity to share their perspectives with others interested in the various aspects of access control.

The call for papers attracted submissions from USA, France, China, India and Canada. Only two articles were accepted for the workshop.

We also encourage the attendees to participate in the keynote and invited talk presentations. These valuable and insightful talks can and will guide us to a better understanding of the future:
Key Note Address: Security and Privacy in Mobile Social Networks (Xiaodong Lin, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Canada)
Closing Remarks: Lei Shu (Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology Maoming, China)


In a sedimentary environment, layered models are often capable of representing the actual geology more accurately than smooth minimum structure models. Furthermore, interval thicknesses and resistivities are often the parameters to which non‐geophysicist experts can relate and base decisions on when using them in waste site remediation, groundwater modelling and physical planning.


Volatile organic compounds(VOCs)is a type of important atmospheric pollutants.Biodegradation as a novel pollution control technology rising in recent years has many advantages such as low treatment cost,high purification efficiencies,non-secondary pollution and so on.Recently,biodegradation of waste gas mostly use bacteria as predominant organism,the research on fungi biodegradation started relative late.With its special characteristics of dry and acid tolerance,fungi showed advantages in the treatment of hydrophobic VOCs.In this paper,the characteristics and advantages of fungi biodegradation were fully analyzed;the isolated VOCs degrading fungi as well as their targeting VOCs were summarized.The main influencing factors of fungi bio-reactor and the VOCs degradation kinetics were investigated.Finally,the future direction of VOCs degradation by fungi bio-reactor was prospected.


This article on the traditional riverside peoples and their relationships with nature is the result of a study carried out in communities along the river Parauari, in the municipality of Maues, State of Amazonas, Brazil. Even though it reflects the struggle of such peoples for social-cultural survival with their own activities, techniques and abilities which develop within the Amazonian context, based on their knowledge which is transmitted to each generation.


Effects of exogenous silicon on spikelet fertility of hybrid rice were investigated at natural high and normal temperatures during anthesis under field conditions with two hybrids,high-temperature sensitive Jinyou 63and high- temperature tolerant Shanyou 63as material.The exogenous silicon via fertilizer application,in the form of sodium silicon(Na2 SiO3 ·9H2 O),was consecutively spayed for three times at jointing stage at four concentrations,0mmol/L(T-CK),1.25mmol/L(T-1.25),2.50mmol/L(T-2.50),and 3.75mmol/L(T-3.75).Varietal responses in terms of pollination properties,anther dehiscence and spikelet pollination rate were examined to establish a feasible screening scheme of the most appropriate sodium silicate application level in rice management practices.Results showed that, sodium silicate applications at the concentration of 1.25 mmol/L,2.50 mmol/L or 3.75 mmol/L under high temperature in field environments effectively increased the germinated pollen number per stigma by 16.9%and 39.6% for the heat-sensitive Jinyou 63and heat-tolerant Shanyou 63,respectively.The number of pollen grains per stigma increased by 3.4% and 30.5%,respectively.The pollen germination rate rose by 11.3and 7.0percentage points, respectively;the percentage of florets with more than 10germinated pollen grains was increased by 9.3and 27.6 percentage points,respectively;while the percentage of florets with fewer than 20pollen grains was reduced by 18.8 and 8.1percentage points,respectively.Application of the silicon fertilizer also increased anther basal dehiscence width by relative values of 19.0%and 10.3%,respectively,while it improved spikelet pollination rate by absolute values of 10.6and 4.7percentage points in the sensitive and tolerant hybrids,respectively.These results showed that the effect of silicon in alleviating fertility reduction may be mainly attributed to the pollen quality improvement,but not the pollen quantity or the anther dehiscence.Exogenous silicon was more effective for high-temperature sensitive combination than that for the tolerant and the most effective dosage was at the concentration of 2.50mmol/L.


Let Gℂ be a complex simple Lie group, GU a compact real form, and the natural projection between the dual of the Lie algebras. We prove that, for any coadjoint orbit of GU, the intersection of with a coadjoint orbit of Gℂ is either an empty set or a single orbit of GU if is isomorphic to a complex symmetric space.


The abuse of licit and illicit substances comes under the substance abuse category. Licit and illicit substances basically differ by the way they are being used. Licit substances are those substances which are legally used by the citizens of a country. For example, in India, the use of alcohol, tobacco is legal, and hence they are being used and abused by the adolescent very frequently. The illicit substances are those which are actually illegal but still are being used without any prescription or through smuggling. The initiation of these substances at a very young age (adolescence) gives an idea of the problems that these adolescents face in their lives. Stress from school or college, family disturbances, peer pressure and many other reasons lie behind the initiation of the drug use by adolescents.


Establishment of an educational brochure to promote the teaching process of the teacher in the School of Arts UNIMINUTO, when observing the problems they face when teaching painting to students with motor disabilities. Within the didactic material, approached basic motor disability issues and the work of teachers as well as tools and resources to promote their teaching, which are reflect in the design of five basic activities in painting.


In the case where the high-frequency hydrate the switching frequency, while reducing the proportion of the time delay which accounts for the switching period, the control of a synchronous rectification type power supply apparatus capable of on / off the switching element at a high speed circuit, a synchronous rectification type power supply apparatus and a control method It aims to provide. Due to those main switch device (FET1) is turned off the station in accordance with the parallel diode (D) a current (I3) flowing through the detection of the first signal (FR) a state transition from the connection point (P), which at regular intervals change and a detector (COMP1) which, according to the phase retardation of the of the first signal (FR) a second signal (FP) is generated on the basis of phase and one cycle before in the first signal detected by the detector (COMP1) by adjusting the output timing of the second signal (FP), the second signal with a phase adjusting section (30, 40) for adjusting the phase difference, and the output timing controlled by the phase difference adjusting section (30, 40) (FP ) to thereby thus turning on the control switch element (FET 2) for.


The research focuses on methods of calculating administrative fines, which could be considered as an alternative to the existing ones. The aim of the work is to propose such methods, as well as to identify prospects and ways of their development. The study examines the problem of the appropriateness of calculating administrative fines in hard money, which is particularly relevant in the context of insufficient effectiveness of this type of administrative punishment. The authors analyze changes in the domestic legislation on administrative offences, and also refer to the comparative legal method, comparing the methods of calculating fines in the Russian Federation and in other states: Belarus, Kazakhstan, Finland. The authors conclude that significant money fines are not sufficiently effective. The novelty of the study lies in the proposal of alternative methods for calculating the administrative fine: the determination of the amount of the monetary penalty in relation to the minimum wage, the base value or the calculation indicator, the income of the offender. Special attention is paid to the consideration of alternative ways of calculating administrative fines for traffic offences: The establishment of a relationship between administrative penalties and the cost of the vehicle or the capacity of its engine and the introduction of a penalty point system are proposed. The results of the study can be used to improve the legislation of the Russian Federation on administrative offences.


Grouting method as a feasible science maintain technology to treat concrete pavement's disease,it has many advantages,such as having lower cost,the speed of treating disease fast,operating simple,having litter effect on car running and accepting litter influence by natural factors.So,application of it in the engineering of highway construction and maintain engineering has considerable economical and social benefit.


Recently, with the expansion of application of polymer composite materials, high levels of deformation compensation actions have been developed. However, there is a problem of high-temperature viscoelasticity that occurs over time after completing the injection molding process. In this study, changes of mechanical properties of the Moldflow program for injection molding were analyzed to verify the viscoelasticity phenomenon through deformation analysis. In addition, deformation analysis of plastic injection molded products according to arrangement of three ribs was conducted and two products with different geometric shapes of the same function were compared. As a result, it was possible to reflect the viscoelastic effect by reducing the elastic modulus and shear modulus of the material. It was confirmed that the geometric shape with thick ribs formed in multiple longitudinal directions was mainly responsible. On the surface of the product where the rib arrangement was parallel and perpendicular to the flow direction, the orientation was orthogonal to the linear direction and the maximum residual stress was 81.17 MPa, which showed the largest value. It was judged that viscoelastic phenomena could be predicted and that an arrangement of parallel and perpendicular ribs that might intersect should be avoided.


This content analysis of magazine advertisements was conducted to examine changesfrom 1950 to 1994 in gender orientation of roles and dress of women in advertisements and to investigate ways in which women's dress has been used in advertisements to socially construct the female role. Findings indicate that women were most often depicted in feminine roles and dress. As time progressed dress became somewhat more masculine, but roles remained consistently feminine. Findings suggest that advertisers in Good Housekeeping and Vogue have not depicted women realistically. No direct relationship between the gender orientation of the women's roles and dress was observed; gendered roles of activity did not vary with traditional gender stereotypes of appearance within magazine advertisements across time. This finding is interpreted as a possible reflection of social changes related to the postmodern era. The need to reconsider the relationship between appearance and gender roles in a postmodern context is addressed.


Contours have been used by geologists for years to represent the spatial variation of geological parameters. Machine contouring is a valuable techinique in analyzing a great amount of geologic data. In this paper an algorithm for automatic contouring and contour diagram by digital computer is represented. The computer programs allow irregularly spaced two-dimensional data.


Combining the thought of keeping improving of IE with its applying practice in the enterprise, and according to some relevant theories of third part's material flow , this paper analyzes on the applying practice of this thought in the products' material flow of Xinxing Cast-iron Pipe Limited Company and on the important significance on lifting the core competitive power of the enterprise.


The objektivw of this research is whether there is a significant effect of online learning on the learning achievement of fourth grade students of SD Gugus III, Awangpone District, Bone Regency by using a quantitative research model with a correlation design. Based on the results of descriptive statistical analysis, online learning has an average of 111.93 and a percentage of 86.32% in the very good category and the average student achievement has an average of 80.79 and a percentage of 81.94% in the very good category. Then based on the results of inferential statistical analysis, the tcount value (5.52729) is greater (>) the ttable value (1.66365) at a significance level of 5%. Thus H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. The conclusion is that there is a significant influence between the influence of online learning on the learning achievement of fourth grade students at SD Cluster III, Awangpone District, Bone Regency.


when the E-cash file being destroyed for some unexpected error, we cannot expect waiting for the recovery of the file, but improve the design of E-cash system such that the bank can compute the amount of E-cash the user really lost. Recoverability and untraceability (anonymous) are two obviously conflicting properties. If we give up untraceability, we can compute the lost E-cash by computing the difference of the withdrawn and deposit amount of the user by recording all the transaction activities in a large database, then the bank can recover the lost E-cash for the user. It is obviously unfeasible for the complexity of storage. Shoemakers proposed an E-cash system which contains recovery but it's an on-line system. Joseph proposed an off-line E-cash system which possesses both properties of recovery and Untraceability, but it has many problems also, we analyze the problems and propose a few points of view of designing Recoverable E-cash.


The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of esomeprazole-based triple therapy compared with rabeprazole-based triple therapy according to CYP2C19 genotype and clarithromycin susceptibility status for first-line eradication therapy of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) in Japan. We enrolled 219 H. pylori-infected patients, and randomly allocated patients to the EAC group (esomeprazole 20 mg, clarithromycin 200 mg, amoxicillin 750 mg for one week, with all drugs given twice daily) or RAC group (rabeprazole 10 mg, clarithromycin 200 mg, amoxicillin 750 mg for one week, with all drugs given twice daily). The H. pylori eradication rate according to the PP analyses was 75.0% (95% CI: 65.2–82.8%) in the EAC group and 71.4% (95% CI: 61.4–79.1%) in the RAC group. There were no statistically significant differences. The eradication rates of the clarithromycin-resistant/-sensitive strains were, respectively, 45.0% (95% CI: 30.7–60.2%)/98.0% (95% CI: 88.7–100%) in the EAC group and 39.5% (95% CI: 25.6–55.3%)/93.5% (95% CI: 81.9–98.4%) in the RAC group. The eradication rate of the clarithromycin-sensitive strains was significantly higher than that of the resistant strains in both groups. In conclusion, EAC and RAC therapies show a comparable efficacy regardless of the CYP2C19 genotype and clarithromycin susceptibility status in Japan.


This paper introduces intelligent converter of CAN with acceptance filtering and RS232. It describes system design and original debug method in detail. The hardware uses the ARM microcontroller whose inside include CAN controller. The software includes the communication protocol,the data format conversion between CAN and RS232,the setting of CAN acceptance filtering, etc. Those can help to design other converters, CAN and RS485,CAN and RS422, serial port and Ethernet, CAN and Ethernet, etc. Because of modularization design of software, the modules of CAN transmission, reception and CAN acceptance filtering have been directly used for the design of automotive electronics.


The downlink of the PLMN (Public Land Mobile Network) is a serving cell belonging to a mobile station for GPRS attach mode information to inform the mobile terminal to attach mode (General Packet Radio Service) GPRS which they require (serving cell) in accordance with the invention and broadcasting (broadcasting) through the carrier (downlink carrier). The mobile terminal receives the downlink carrier of the serving cell, the GPRS attach mode information to be broadcast from the PLMN of their choice to confirm from the GPRS attach mode, the GPRS attach receives the mode information, which PLMN is required, and their GPRS air is set to the GPRS attach mode, determine the attach mode. Accordingly, by ensuring value GPRS attach of the mobile station performed at the time the PLMN desired, it allows the mobile terminal to his respond adaptively to the system environment of the network registered.


Morocco, like many other Mediterranean countries is facing water resources scarcity due to its arid to semi-arid conditions, affected by the recent climatic changes, mainly recurrent drought events observed during the last five decades. Stream flows, the main feeding source of the major reservoirs used for irrigation, drinking water, and hydro-power, are particularly affected by these changes. In this paper, long term trends of stream flow in relation to climatic data were studied in four sub-watersheds of the Sebou river basin in northern Morocco. A hydrologic simulation was performed on one of the sub-watershed using two hydrologic models, IHACRES and HEC-HMS. Over the past five decades, stream flow and precipitation data showed a cyclic trend as well as a general decline with variable amplitude from one sub-basin to another. Recorded stream flows were significantly correlated with the corresponding precipitation values. An average rainfall decline over the past 50 years varied from -285 mm to -150 mm, corresponding to about 25% decrease. Stream flow modeling with both models gave very reasonable simulations that were comparable over the series studied. Differences among years with contrasting climatic conditions were well illustrate and showed large disparities in terms of total annual discharges, ranging from 0.93 billion m3/yr to 5.3 billion m3/yr for dry and wet year conditions respectively. The models used can be used as tools for predictions of stream flow in response to climatic variability for sound water resources management.


Time-Stamping Protocol is a message encryption protocol based-on Hash function.By the analysis of link-ing-scheme and tree-like scheme time,stamping protocol algorithm,an authenticate scheme of CPR(computer-based patient record)based on time-stamping protocol is proposed in this paper.Through a method adding a digital signature to CPR's digital abstraction,the encryption scheme can reduce the relying on communication bandwidth.The analysis of anti-attack ability shows that the scheme can avoid the distorting of CPR's contents and authenticated-time in virtue of the context-correlation of time-stamping links.


In this study, thermal effects on the mechanical properties of cement mortars with some types of fibers is investigated. The replaced fibers were made of polypropylene (PP), aramid, glass and basalt. In other words, the main goal of this paper is to study the effects of different fibers on the mechanical properties of cement mortars after subjecting to normal and sub-elevated temperatures. The experimental tests used for investigating these effects were compressive, splitting tensile, and four-point bending tests at 20, 100 and 300°C, respectively. Moreover, the microstructures of the specimens in different temperatures were investigated using scanning electron microscope (SEM). Based on the experimental results, the negative effects of sub-elevated temperatures on four-point bending tests were much more than the others. Moreover, using the fibers with higher melting points could not improve the qualities of the samples in sub-elevated temperatures.


In order to improve the process of co-reduction of oxide powder, a new mechano-thermal process was de-signed to produce high-dispersed W-Cu composite powder by high temperature oxidation, short time high-energymilling and reduction at lower temperature. The particle size, oxygen content and their sintering abilities of W-Cucomposite powder in different conditions were analyzed. The results show that after a quick milling of the oxidepowder for about 3-10 h, the reduction temperature of the W-Cu oxide powder can be lowered to about 650 ℃ from700-750 ℃ owning to the lowering of particle size of the oxide powder. The average particle size of W-Cu powder af-ter reduction at 650 ℃ is about 0.5 μm smaller than that reduced at 750 ℃. After sintering at 1 200 ℃ for 1 h inhydrogen atmosphere, the relative density and thermal conductivity of final products (W-20Cu) can attain 99.5%and 210 W @ m-1 @ K-1 respectively.


Ritual Ider Bumi one of existing ceremony ritual society of Using Banyuwangi, as statement or expression thank goodness for blessing which have been accepted to the countryside security during one year. Society Using is original society Banyuwangi, (those who do not want to coexist with the society urban). Society Using in Ke-miren village, its confidence embrace the Islam, but also still run the culture which inherit from its ancestor. Religion and cultural walk along, till able to form the ceremony ritual like that ceremony of ritual Ider Bumi executed in each feast day of Ramadan Idul Fitri.


The Simulation and Management System on water distribution networks (SMS) is developed to detect pipe bursts in real-time. It is designed by modular programming and is divided into three subsystems of network design, real-time control and data management. The implementation of bursts detection is based on burst characteristic values and similarity analysis. Firstly, the ideal burst characteristic values are calculated based on leakage rate. Then the real value is computed after state estimation. By using the fuzzy similarity ratio of ideal and real values, SMS can find out whether there is a pipe burst in the network. If there is, it will issue warnings. Through the application on an urban water distribution network, which was composed of 55 nodes, 94 pipes and 40 loops, it was proved that SMS was reliable and its detection accuracy was higher than 80%. Therefore, SMS is useful in real-time control of water distribution networks.


The lack of use of digital services, specially when services and infrastructure are available,poses a problem for governments world-wide since valuable resources have been devoted todevelopment and ...


A wind turbine simulator for wind energy conversion systems has been developed with a view to design, evaluate, and test of actual wind turbine drive trains including generators, transmissions, power-electronic converters and controllers. The simulator consists of a 10-hp induction motor (IM) which drives a generator and is driven by a 10-kW variable speed drive inverter and real-time control software. In this simulator, a microcontroller, a PC interfaced to LAB Windows I/O board, and an IGBT inverter-controlled induction motor are used instead of a real wind turbine to supply shaft torque. A control program based on C language is developed that obtains wind profiles and, by using turbine characteristics and rotation speed of IM, calculates the theoretical shaft torque of a real wind turbine. Comparing with this torque value, the shaft torque of the IM is regulated accordingly by controlling stator current demand and frequency demand of the inverter. In this way, the inverter driven induction motor acts like a real wind turbine to the energy conversion system. The drive is controlled using the measured shaft torque directly, instead of estimating it as conventional drives do. The experimental results of the proposed simulator show that this scheme is viable and accurate. This paper reports the operating principles, theoretical analyses, and test results of this wind turbine simulator.


Tungsten‐rhenium thermocouple systems were evaluated for use in measuring temperatures between 1600 and 3000°C. Temperature‐millivolt relationships were extended from 2300 to 3000°C for bare‐wire W3Re/W25Re and W5Re/W26Re thermocouples in vacuum. The performance of W26Re sheathed, high‐fired beryllia‐insulated thermocouples was limited only by the melting point of the beryllia insulation (∼2550°C). The thermoelectric output of high‐fired thoria‐insulated thermocouples sheathed in W26Re was determined and found to be reliable up to at least 2850°C, when corrected for electrical shunting through the insulation. Stability of high temperature thermocouples using thoria insulation was within ±0.3 mV (±40°C) when held at 2425°C for 148 h.


This paper proposes a scheme for recognition of English characters based on features derived from partitioning the character image into quadrant cells. Pixel counted from each quadrant in anticlockwise direction; contribute towards generation of the feature vector. A total of 51 quadrants lead to the generation of a 51-element feature vector. A neural network (multi-layered perception) is used for classifying the 26 alphabets of the English language. Accuracies obtained are demonstrated to have been improved upon with respect to contemporary works. Keywords: quadrant feature; neural network; multilayered perception; feature vector


We construct a category of quotients over a category satisfying a condition similar to the Ore condition. Addition of quotients is briefly discussed. In a previous paper [1 ] a theory of relations in categories of a general type was introduced. In trying to adapt the elegant approach of Hilton [2] to the nonabelian case, a difficulty is encountered, but Hilton's method works in the associative case, in which by [1] an Ore condition holds. In this case a generalization is given which seems to be of interest; it describes a construction of a category which is algebraically a sort of category of quotients. Finally, addition is briefly discussed. Notations and definitions of [1 ] are freely used. Let C be a finitely complete [3] bicategory [4] with classes of monics 4 and epics S. In [1 ] we have constructed a near-category (Re with class of objects I Re I = I eC| and with relations as morphisms. We employ the method of Hilton [2] in the nonabelian case, but we have to use pairs of coinitial morphisms. With fixed objects A, B in C consider the collection (P(A, B) of pairs of morphisms (a, $, AAX 2B, and declare (a, f) -(a', f') in 6P(A, B) if and only if there are a-, a-' in 8 that satisfy ao-=a'o-', AS=3'a'. In [1 ] we have proved that the extension G1e of C is a category if and only if a condition denoted (A) holds, and that condition reads as follows: For every $, -q in C with common codomain and with tCS there is a common right multiple Qu =?7v with vES. I. If (A) holds in e then -is an equivalence in P(A, B). For, if (ao-, Oa) = (uo', Af'o') and (a'r, O ',r) = (a"r', f r') with o&'s and r's in 8 then, by (A) and the pullback condition, there are X, {ES such that o-'c =4; hence r'q, o-kES and (aoc0, fo4) = (a"r'/, flruO. If (A) holds we denote Z(A, B) =6(A, B)/-. Representatives for elements of Z(A, B) can be chosen according to: (a, 3)--(a', f3') in V(A, B) if and only if the s-parts in i-s-factorizations of {a, f } and a', f'}, namely {a, f}i, {a', 3'}i are equivalent monics. (For, if a, NI = {I, t } and {oa', A3'} = {I, q }I' with ~, D'G then there are Received by the editors March 31, 1970. AMS 1969 subject classifications. Primary 1810.


The most important thing to attain over the anonymous communications networks is to communicate privately over the Internet. However, in doing so, anonymous communications networks introduce an entirely new problem for the service providers, since all anonymous users look alike; there is no way for the service providers to hold individual misbehaving anonymous users accountable for their actions. In this paper, we introduce the concept of IP'S blocking where unauthorized IPs are blacklisted. Therefore, before we discuss the existing approaches in detail, we first propose a formal definition for anonymous blacklisting systems, and a set of security and privacy properties that these systems should possess.


The Filipinos make excellent wives, are exceptionally loyal and are true orientals [sic] from South East Asia. They are generally more attractive than other orientals [sic] and often used in commercials and movies to play the role of Japanese and Chinese.... They are much more culturally compatible with Americans and adapt here easily. They speak English and are not Budd[h]ists. They have that demure feminine mystic of all orientals, and are family oriented instead of duty oriented. The Filipinos like [the] traditional role of being wives, and they like being women! They're not career oriented but are hard workers. They keep themselves and [their] home[s] immaculately clean. They 're exceptionally feminine, charming, slim and enjoy being so. They don't have reservations about marrying outside their race as the other orientals [sic] do.


Despite a growing body of evidence linking nonhuman animal cruelty to violence toward humans and increasing knowledge of the pain and suffering that animals experience at the hands of humans, research on violence toward animals is relatively sparse. This study examines public attitudes about violence against animals and the criminal justice response to such acts. The study included, as part of a statewide survey, questions of Texas residents gauging the perceived severity of numerous violent acts against nonhuman animals as well as the preferred criminal justice response. The paper presents descriptive analyses and employs OLS Regression to assess the relationship between Bandura's (1990, 1999) mechanisms of moral disengagement and violence toward animals. The paper discusses implications for future research on animal cruelty and animal abuse.


Red band needle blight caused by Dothistroma septosporum and D. pini, and brown spot needle blight caused by Lecanosticta acicola provoke severe and premature defoliation in Pinus, and subsequent reduction of photosynthetic surfaces, vitality, and growth in young and adult trees. The recurrent damage results in branch and tree death. Until recently, pine needle blight diseases have had only minor impacts on native and exotic forest trees in the North of Spain, but in the past five years, these pathogen species have spread widely and caused severe defoliation and mortality in exotic and native plantations of Pinus in locations where they were not detected before. In an attempt to understand the main causes of this outbreak and to define the effectiveness of owners' management strategies, four research actions were implemented: a survey of the management activities implemented by the owners to reduce disease impact, the evaluation of specific symptoms and damage associated with infection, and the identification of the causative pathogenic species and their reproductive capacity. Morphological characteristics of the fungus and molecular identification were consistent with those of Lecanosticta acicola and Dothistroma spp., D. septosporum, D. Pini, and both mating types were present for the three identified pathogens. The local silvicultural management performed, mainly pruning and thinning, was not resulting in the expected improvement. The results of this study can be applied to establish guidelines for monitoring and controlling the spread of needle blight pathogens.


In this paper, a new microstrip diplexer using open loop resonators with compact size and high isolation is designed and fabricated for the WLANs (IEEE 802.11b/g at 2.4 GHz and IEEE 802.11a at 5.2 GHz) applications. The diplexer is formed by two dual-mode band pass filters (BPFs) using an asymmetric fork-form feed line and two open loop resonators. The diplexer has less than 3 dB insertion loss and the isolation between the two channels is more than 25 dB. Furthermore, the proposed diplexer shows several transmission zeros beside the pass bands which improves the selectivity of the BPFs and thus improves the isolation between lower and upper channel filters and achieves a significant attenuation of the undesired harmonics. The electrical performances of the diplexer are investigated numerically by using Momentum integrated in ADS Agilent and CST microwave software. Good agreement between the simulation and measurement results is achieved.


ABSTRACT In the 1970s and 1980s, important transitions took place in Germany in both migration and labor market policies. The so-called recruitment of 'guest-workers' came to an end, and the patterns of cross-border movement changed significantly – and with them the ways unions as well as migrant organizations articulated their political claims. Taking these aspects into account, I examine union strategies concerning migrant workers' interests. I discuss how migration challenged and changed the agenda of local trade unions in terms of content and processes. This paper puts forth the hypothesis that local trade union organizations could react to such challenges by broadening or narrowing their agenda. I draw on material gained from empirical research on trade unions and migrant organizations in Hamburg. Analyzing insights from qualitative interviews and primary sources, I discuss trade union activities regarding the inclusion of migrants, collective bargaining, and labor market policies, as well as migrants' access to social and political rights. I also present initiatives against racism both within and outside of trade unions.


This article describes the results of a study on interventions for human talent training programs for competency within the Intelligent Organizations focus. The theoretical foundation is supported by Organizational Development and approaches from Senge (1994 ) , Lewin ( 1946 ) , Leboyer (2000) and Obeso (2003 ) . The methodology is embedded in the qualitative - interpretive paradigm and action research. Results showed programs focused on Senge's learning disciplines to to promote change and competence skills that help staff to cope with the challenges and opportunities facing modern business towards organizational intelligence.


In the paper an unsupervised neural network scheme for the identification and quantification of faults in induction motors is presented. Fault identification is performed using self-organizing maps neural networks. From the clusters generated by the neural network, the quantization error of each cluster is used to determine the fault magnitude. The general scheme is based on the motor's active and reactive instantaneous powers, in order to detect and diagnose faults whose characteristic frequencies are very close each other, such as broken rotor bars and oscillating loads. This network is trained using data obtained through the experimental measurements. Additional experimental data are later applied to the network in order to validate the proposal. Finally, it is demonstrated that the proposed strategy is able to correctly identifying and quantifying both faults, thus avoiding the need for an expert to perform the task.


AbstrcatThe curriculum reform is the inevitable way to gain development of institutions of higher learning.For further adapting to society demand,2004 curriculum reform taking program of instruction revision as the cut in spot had been developed in Shenyang Physical Education Institute.It elaborates and analyses the problems existing in teaching task and curriculum construction,the object and ideas for 2004 curriculum,in order to offer the references for 2004 curriculum reform in Shenyang Physical Education Institute.


To determine whether neurologists with long‐term experience in the emergency room are in general agreement about the essential components of the neurological examination (NE) used on unconscious patients in whom an obvious cause for coma is lacking.


China's sulphuric acid and phosphate fertilizer production in 2010 is described.Production of sulphuric acid increased by 17.8%to 70 330 kt(as H_2SO_4),with 32 980 kt from sulphur,19 290 kt from metallurgical off-gas and 17 720 kt from pyrite.Production of phosphate fertilizer increased by 14.2%to 15 820 kt(as P_2O_5), with 82.2%from high-analysis phosphate fertilizers,and production of high-analysis phosphate fertilizers increased by 19.1%to 13 010 kt.Imported sulphur decreased by 13.8%to 10494 kt,and imported sulphuric acid decreased by 43.0%to 1 610 kt,52.4%of which was from Korea and 41.3%from Japan.It is predicted that China's sulphuric acid and phosphate fertilizer production will maintain steady operation state,and sulphuric acid production will reach over 75 000 kt.China's sulphur supply and demand situation in 2011 and development of sulphuric acid industry during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period are analyzed.


Epstein and Panebianco agree that the financing of electoral campaigns is fundamental for modern parties. Today the citizens of Cordoba have a more efficient regulatory tool for the full exercise of their civil rights, which allows for more transparent participation of the people in the elections. This is achieved by implementing innovative instruments: Single Ballot Paper, the suppression of electoral's summations, the strengthening of Electoral Justice, the regulation of electoral campaigns and their public and private financing and the ordering of the political party system. All these changes constitute a valuable contribution to the quality of the institutional life of the Province. However, it is not possible to ignore some important modifications that produced important setbacks. The marches and countermarches make it difficult to glimpse and analyze future changes to continue perfecting the electoral regulations of Cordoba.


The majority of people respond to most drugs in a similar enough fashion to permit the calculation of a standard therapeutic dose of a drug. This statistically derived "average" dose, however, only represents the starting point from which to estimate the dose appropriate for a given subject. The many variables contributinf to the individuality of a complex living organism, or associated with the conditions present at the time of drug administration must be considered as potentially capable of modifying the anticipated drug effect.


These eleven men were living in the tension of the'already but not yet'. They had spent three years traveling with Jesus from Capernaum to Jerusalem. They were all locked in the Upper Room after Jesus\0x2019 crucifixion and had seen Him again after He had risen from the dead. They heard the story from Cleopas how he had met Jesus on the road to Emmaus and how Jesus had opened the Scriptures to him and how Cleopas and his companion had come to know that it was Jesus in the breaking of the bread.


A failure mode in AlCu and AlCuSi metallization in which interlevel metal short-circuiting occurs between two or more levels of metal is described. Shorts are caused by theta-phase (Al/sub 2/Cu) hillocks that nucleate and grow during high-temperature vacuum heat treatment and processing. Hillock growth occurs at high-energy sites such as silicon precipitates and grain boundary nodal points. The growth of Al/sub 2/Cu hillocks depends on heat treatment/processing temperature and aluminum film purity. Methods used to limit theta-phase hillock formation and growth concentrate on the grain-boundary diffusion and nucleation mechanisms involved. Decreasing heat treatment/processing temperature slows the atomic diffusion required for hillock growth and reduces, but does not prevent, theta-phase formation. Deposition of a hard coating as a cap on the layered structure of an aluminium-based metallization mechanically suppresses hillock formation. A layer of pure aluminum deposited beneath the aluminum-copper layer acts as a sink for copper and delays hillock formation.<<ETX>>


Halogen-substituted silica heterocycle piperylene and its production are disclosed. The process is carried out by reacting 2,5-dioctyl silica heterocycle piperylene with dihalide compound to obtain the target product. It can be used for compound with multiple chemical structures and polymer luminescent materials containing silica heterocycle piperylene.


The morphologically controlled synthesis of aluminum-based surfactant mesophases by the homogeneous precipitation method using urea is demonstrated, together with a model for the templating mechanism pathway. Dodecyl sulfate surfactant initially forms a layered mesophase with an interlayer spacing of 3.5 nm in which the surfactant molecules are arranged as a bilayer between the linked sheets of aluminum oxyhydroxide groups. The aluminate sheets consist mostly of octahedral Al but contain some fraction of tetrahedral Al dependent on urea concentration. On further hydrolysis of urea, the layered mesophase is transformed into a hexagonal form through the interlayer condensation and cross-linking of the Al−OH groups in any adjacent aluminate sheets. The structural transition accompanies the rearrangement of the bilayered surfactant molecules into a rodlike assembly, followed by the additional growth into enlarged particles. The hexagonal mesophase resulting from the lamellae containing comparatively large amo...


The purpose of this research paper was to examine if product quality, trust, customer satisfaction and communication have a positive influence on customer loyalty. Furthermore, the research intended to determine the outcomes of customer loyalty in the Gauteng province of the South Africa leafy vegetable market. Data was collected through purposive and convenience sampling technique using self-administered questionnaires with the assistance of research assistants. A total of 367 respondents completed the questionnaires. A structural equation modelling technique using the partial least squares (PLS) approach was used to analyse the data. The results show that of the selected antecedents of customer loyalty examined, only customer satisfaction was identified as a significant determinant. With regard to the outcomes, the results show that commitment, word-of-mouth and repurchase intention are outcomes of customer loyalty in the South African leafy vegetable market. The implications for both academic and managerial decision makers are outlined .


Objective To analyze the CT features of chromophobe renal cell carcinomas(RCC).Methods The CT of23 patients with chromophobe RCC were reviewed.Fourteen patients underwent unenhanced and contrast-enhanced CT in the corticomedullary and nephrographic phases.Five patients underwent unenhanced and contrast-enhanced CT in the nephrographic phase.Four patients underwent contrast-enhanced CT in the corticomedullary and nephrographic phases.Results Maximum diameter of 23 lesions ranged from 1.2 to 15.5 cm with an average of 4.7 cm.Twelve lesions were homogeneous,9 lesions were calcified,6 lesions larger than 8.4 cm contained necrosis or cystic degeneration.CT value of tumors were 23-48 HU and increased by 34 HU and 32 HU in the corticomedullary and nephrographic phases,respectively.Compared with the corticomedullary phase,CT values of 8 lesions decreased by 4-23 HU and 11 increased by 1-13 HU in the nephrographic phase.Conclusions CT characteristics allow reliable preoperative diagnosis of chromophobe RCC.


Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is an ulcerative skin parasitic disease common in people living in tropical regions and travelers1 . Lesions characteristics (e.g., self-healing and treatment response) are extremely variable. Diagnosis can be challenging when the lesion is in an advanced stage and can be confused with other pathologies. On histology, epidermal and dermal abnormalities have been described2 . Panniculitis has been reported as an important feature to distinguish CL from other dermatological lesions3 . High-frequency ultrasound is a non-invasive imaging tool that depicts tissues with high definition4 . We aim to describe the ultrasound morphology of confirmed cases of CL and correlation with the reported histopathological characteristics.


Breast cancer is among the leading causes of mortality in women worldwide. Early detection can increase the survival rate and limit cancer metastasis to other organs. Recently, the role of ultrasound (US) imaging in the diagnosis and monitoring of breast tumors besides X-ray mammography has been increasing. Several computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems were proposed to improve the classification of breast tumors. This work presents a fast and computationally-efficient technique to distinguish between malignant and benign breast tumors. The technique applies wavelet packet transform (WPT) on conventional brightness mode (B-mode) US images, and then extracts several textural and morphological features from the approximation decomposition part. Features include first-order statistics (FOS), fractal dimension texture analysis (FDTA), spatial gray-level dependence matrices (SGLDM), area, perimeter, and compactness of the lesion. When the support vector machine was applied for classification on original US images, the classifier exhibited 97.4% accuracy, 98.3% sensitivity, and 92.1% specificity. These performance parameters were slightly changed to 96.9% accuracy, 96.7% sensitivity, and 97% specificity, when the same features were extracted from WPT. However, the frame classification time was reduced drastically from 1.1284s using original US images to 0.0604s after incorporating WPT. Hence, the proposed CAD system using WPT was able to decrease the computational complexity and processing time by, at least, eight times. This shall improve the early detection of breast cancer via developing real-time and noninvasive computer-aided diagnostic software.


Background: Neonatal piglets are susceptible to intestinal infections . Gut is the body's major immune structure and the intestinal mucosa, which is composed of intestinal epithelial cells (IELs) and subepithelial natural immune cells, is considered as the primary site for eliciting local immune responses to foreign antigens. This study compared the intestinal immune cells of neonatal and weaned piglets to provide a theoretical and mechanistic basis for preventing intestinal infectious diseases. Results: Histological analyses of weaned piglet intestines showed increased crypt depth, high IEL count, and increased areas of ileal Peyer's patches. Additionally, the duodenal and ileal villi of weaned piglets were longer than those of neonatal piglets. Expression of claudin-3 protein in weaned piglets was remarkably high as compared with neonatal piglets. The number of CD3 + T cells, goblet cells, and secretory cells was high in the small intestines of weaned piglets in vivo. Contrarily, secretory IgA-positive cell numbers in the jejunum remained unchanged between neonatal and weaned piglets. Gene expression of 12 pattern recognition receptor (PRR) (TLR1–10, MDA5, and RIG-I) was examined in neonatal and weaned piglet small intestine (duodenum, jejunum , and ileum). The pattern of mRNA expression level of most PRR genes in the duodenum and jejunum was inverse of that in the ileum. Compared with weaned piglets, there were significantly fewer intestinal lymphocytes at birth in neonatal pigs. Conclusions: The physical, biochemical, and immune-related components of neonatal and weaned piglet small intestines were investigated to provide preliminary data on the pathogenetic mechanism for future studies.


We have previously demonstrated that directional migration of neural crest cells (NCC) is associated with a high cell density, resulting from an active cell proliferation. It is also known that treatment with retinoic acid (RA) causes a dose‐dependent inhibition of proliferation of some cell types, and that administration of RA during the early stages of embryonic development, induces cranio‐facial abnormal patterns corresponding to NCC derivatives. In view of these findings, it was of interest to determine if exogenous RA is a potential modulator of the mitotic rate of NCC, and to explore the hypothesis of an inhibitory effect exerted by RA on the proliferative behaviour of NCC in vivo and in vitro.


Recent developments have increased questions about vulnerabilities in Central and Eastern European Countries (CEE) that are experiencing credit booms. This paper analyzes the role of foreign-owned banks in these credit booms. The results show that the CEE countries depend on foreign banks, and these foreign banks depend on interbank funding. Lending by foreign banks seems driven by economic growth and interest rate margins. This lending appears independent of economic but not financial conditions in the foreign bank's home country.


(2004). Sex-steroid hormones, gonadotropin and ovarian carcinogenesis: a review of epidemiological and experimental data. Gynecological Endocrinology: Vol. 19, No. 4, pp. 216-228.


We construct an effective Lagrangian for Yang-Mills theories with $n$ extra dimensions. We start from a field theory governed by the extra-dimensional Poincar\'e group ISO$(1,3+n)$ and by the extended gauge group $SU(N,{\cal M}^{4+n})$, characterized by an unknown energy scale $\Lambda$ and assumed to be valid at energies far below this scale. Assuming that the size of the extra dimensions is much larger than the distance scale at which this theory is valid, we construct an effective theory with symmetry groups ISO$(1,3)$, $SU(N,{\cal M}^{4})$. Such theories are connected by a canonical transformation that hides the extended symmetries ISO$(1,3+n)$, $SU(N,{\cal M}^{4+n})$ into the standard ISO(1,3), $SU(N,{\cal M}^{4})$, thus generating KK gauge masses. Using a set of orthogonal functions $\{f^{(\underline{0})},f^{(\underline{m})}(\bar x)\}$, defined by the Casimir invariant $\bar{P}^2$ of the translations subgroup $T(n)\subset$ISO$(n)$, we expand the degrees of freedom of ISO(1,3+n), $SU(N,{\cal M}^{4+n})$ in general Fourier series, whose coefficients are the degrees of freedom of ISO(1,3), $SU(N,{\cal M}^{4})$. These functions, which correspond to the projection on the basis $\{|\bar{x} \big >\}$ of the discrete basis $\{|0\big >,|p^{(\underline{m})}\big >\}$ generated by $\bar {P}^2$, are central to define the effective theory. Components along the ground state $f^{(\underline{0})}=\big $ do not receive mass at the compactification scale, so they are identified with the standard Yang-Mills fields; components along excited states $f^{(\underline{m})}=\big $ receive mass at this scale, so they correspond to KK excitations. Associated with any direction $|p^{(\underline{m})}\neq0\big>$ there are a massive gauge field and a pseudo-Goldstone boson. We stress resemblances of this mass-generating mechanism with the Englert-Higgs mechanism.


It is often said that if something cannot be measured, it cannot be managed or improved. There is immense value in measurement, but you should always make sure that you get some value out of any measurement that you are doing. You should be able to answer the following questions: What is the purpose of this measurement program? " " What data items you are collecting and how you are reporting it? " " What is the correlation between the data and conclusion? " " Metrics are the means by which the software quality can be measured; they give you confidence in the product. You may consider these product management indicators, which can be either quantitative or qualitative. They are typically the providers of the visibility you need. Metrics usually fall into a few categories: project management (which includes process efficiency) and process improvement. You may use different metrics for different purposes. For example, you may have a set of metrics that you use to evaluate the output of your testing team. One such metric may be the project management measure of the number of defects found. Others may be an efficiency measure of the number of test cases written, or the number of tests executed in a given period of time. If an organization wishes to improve its level of software development in any area, it must have a scale by which to measure itself. It must know where it is, and it must know where it wants to go. Simply stated: If you cannot measure where you are, you cannot demonstrate that you are improving. When used properly, test metrics can aid in software development process improvement by providing pragmatic, objective evidence of process change initiatives. Metrics are defined as " standards of measurement " and have long been used in the IT industry to indicate a method of gauging the effectiveness and efficiency of a particular activity within a project. Although test metrics are gathered during the test effort, they can provide measurements of many different activities performed throughout a project. In conjunction with root cause analysis, test metrics can be used to quantitatively track issues from points of occurrence throughout the development process. In addition, when test metrics information is accumulated, updated and reported on a consistent and regular basis, it ensures that trends can be promptly captured and evaluated. Any measurement program can be divided …


This paper discusses the issue of error-control involved widely in wireless communications, and introduces the coding and endcoding principle of Convolutional Code. A scheme of encoding of Convolutional Code and its high-speed viterbi decoding is proposed, and the components of decoding are analysed, then the scheme is implemented in FPGA. The simulation result indicates that it can correct the error bits exactly within the range of capability error-correcting, and it has the advantage of high-speed decoding. Prospective effect is realized.This design scheme can be applied easily in many communication systems with error-control.


Josef VOJVODÍK Charles University (Prague) The Power of Touch – the Modernity of an Anachronism: Georges Didi-Huberman's Philosophy of Art Georges Didi-Huberman, the philosopher of art and painting theoretician, focuses on a complementary association of visuality and tactility, the touch and the track/mark, the body and the picture (painting), visuality and 'readability' of a painting. His philosophy of art is original as it consists in a basically new inventive 'reading' of the great twentieth-century personages in the history and theory of art: Aby Warburg and Alois Riegl, as well as Walter Benjamin or Georges Bataille. This article focuses on one of the central topics of DidiHuberman's afterthought: the materiality of a work of art and of touch/track. Dealing with, for instance, posthumous masks or wax figures, he considers impression of tracks/prints to be the fundamental 'anthropological paradigm', showing that the value of track – in spite of its being depreciated as an instance of 'primitivism' and 'anachronism' – proves to be essential


Synopsis The trend of die and mold industries and tool steels is reviewed. Users needs "production cost reduction" and "shorter delivery time" have become the top priority in this decade in two big users, automobile and electrical appliance manufactures, especially. And automobile construction materials has been changed, recently. To reduce vehicle weight for fuel economy, high strength steel sheets and aluminum alloys have been increasingly applied. High strength and tough cold work die steels are required in cold pressing of high strength steel sheets. And high performance hot work die steels are needed for squeeze die cast and vacuum die cast of Al alloy automotive parts, such as axle parts. Wide variety of plastic mold steels are still under improvement to meet diversified and severe requirements. The other big trend is the accelerating production transplant of Japanese manufacturers to South East Asian Nations and China. It is expected to become more and more important to provide Japanese high quality die and mold steels with the same technical service as that in Japan even in foreign nations. 解説 Review


We developed a model of a human β-cell by coupling a model of the electrical activity to a model of the buffered diffusion of Ca2+ in a three-dimensional cell in order to simulate the spatiotemporal distribution of Ca2+ in the intracellular space. Action potentials were produced by a Hodgkin-Huxley type model including different types of K+, Na+ and Ca2+ ionic channels while the buffered diffusion of Ca2+ was simulated using the finite element method. In this model, Ca2+-dependent mechanisms (i.e. ionic channels and Ca2+ extrusion mechanisms) are directly regulated by the concentration of Ca2+ at the submembrane space estimated from the diffusion model. According to our simulations, the Ca2+ transients produced by the electrical activity pattern are capable of reaching depths as high as 3 μm from the Ca2+ channels despite the buffering properties of the cytosol. In addition, we show that the activity of both Ca2+ buffers and Ca2+ extrusion mechanisms allows the continuous firing of action potentials by preventing the accumulation of Ca2+ in the vicinity of the cell membrane. Finally, our simulations suggest that submembrane Ca2+ domains are produced by the overlapping of Ca2+ signals from neighbor clusters of Ca2+ channels. In general, we present a model of the human pancreatic β-cell based on a new modeling framework that, in addition to simulate the electrical activity of the cell, is capable of considering the geometrical and spatial aspects of the cell in order to determine the temporal course of the Ca2+ signal in the intracellular space.


By ultrafinecrashing and chemical modifying, the modified mineral ultrafinepowders as silicone rubber reinforcing fillers were prepared firstly, their reinforcing effect have approached to the level of silica.


The ISO 23150 standard defines the logical interface between sensors and fusion units. To apply this standard to actual vehicles, software is required to convert sensor data into ISO 23150-compliant sensor data. In this study, we developed sensor data processing software to provide ISO 23150-compliant sensor data to autonomous vehicle software. The main contributions of this study are as follows: First, the safety of the software is considered, and its structure and error detection method are designed to minimize the impact of errors. Second, the software structure is in accordance with the ISO 23150 standard, and a framework structure is designed with convenience in mind. Third, we considered its compatibility with adaptive AUTOSAR by designing a data delivery service using SOME/IP communication. We evaluated the security and data delivery delay of the software on a controller used in an actual vehicle and noted high security and real-time performance. The evaluation results demonstrated the feasibility of this method for real-world vehicles. Our study can serve as a basis for advancing autonomous driving technology in the context of ensuring software safety.


An in-plane patterning process of aggregated nanoparticle thin layers of different inorganic conducting and semiconducting materials produced in Langmuir−Blodgett precursors is developed using film irradiation with an electron beam. This film treatment performs cross-linking of the precursor organic molecules resulting in the insolubility of the hydrocarbon matrix in organic solvents and in the impossibility of particle aggregation in the exposed regions. After immersion of the film into the organic solvent, the exposed areas remain insulating while conducting and semiconducting layers are formed in the nontreated zones due to particle aggregation. The result of patterning is demonstrated by Brewster angle and fluorescent microscopies. The difference of electric properties of treated and nontreated regions is shown by measuring current−voltage characteristics.


Abstract Based on the half-through tied arch bridge, Deng-jia-yao Bridge in Beijing, a three-dimensional finite element model (FEM) including construction stages is established. The measured values are in good agreement with the finite element results of the final suspender force and bridge elevation. This article summarizes two technical difficulties: the erection elevation of the transverse beams and the effect of temperature on the suspender tension force during construction. The focus is on the precise installation gaps between transverse beams and steel pads. The results show that the reactions of the temporary steel pipe piles are sensitive to the installation gaps. Analysis of the suspender force during the first tensioning of suspenders indicates that the final suspender force cannot be reached if the effect of temperature on the suspender force is ignored.


The article considers the problem of identification and use of mathematical models of forecasting sales volumes in the balanced scorecard. It studies one structural subdivision of an enterprise - planning and identifies main models of planning of sales volumes. It justifies expediency of use of the model, which is based on the method of forecasting demand on goods (services) of seasonal consumption and goods of long-term use for planning sales volumes of an enterprise that deals with repair of carriages.


Abstract Potassium (K) is one of the important essential elements for vine growth and yield. Grape growers are applying fertilizers through soil and also through fertigation. But, the information on to what extent they can apportion the fertilizer application through these methods to improve nutrient use efficiency is not available. Present investigation aimed to study the influence of combined application of different sources of potassium and their method of application on yield, soil and petiole-nutrient status for two consequitive years. Pooled analysis revealed that yield and major nutrients were affected significantly (P < 0.05) by the different treatments. Grapevines fertilized with 40% KNO3 (potassium nitrate) through fertigation + 60% SOP (Sulfate of Potash) through soil showed significantly highest yield vine-1 (7.00 kg). Leaf petiole analysis revealed that potassium applied at different combination caused wide variation in leaf petiole contents of N, K, Ca and Mg. The vines which received 40% SOP through fertigation + 60% SOP through soil had recorded highest potassium and lowest nitrogen, calcium and magnesium contents in petioles. The vines which supplied with 100% SOP through fertigation showed least petiole potassium content. Application of SOP through both fertigation and soil at different doses significantly increased available soil potassium compared to potassium supplied through fertigation and/or soil alone. There was significant negative correlation between potassium and calcium (r= −0.914) and potassium and magnesium (r= − 0.733) in soil.


Electronically excited states of ozone have been studied by electron‐energy‐loss spectroscopy. Two broad bands without visible vibrational structure are observed at 1.8±0.2 eV and 2.05±0.05 eV under scattering conditions favoring singlet excitation, that is a scattering angle of ϑ=10° and residual energy Er=20 eV. The lower is assigned as 1A2, the higher as 1B1 (Chappuis band). Bands with rich vibrational structure are observed under scattering conditions favoring triplet excitation, ϑ=30°–135° and residual energy Er=1–3 eV. At least two vibrational progressions can be discerned. The first has an origin at 1.30 eV, the origin of the second cannot be determined unambiguously, it is either at 1.53 or 1.45 eV. The well‐known Hartley band and a number of other singlet and triplet excited states are observed at higher energy losses. Excitation functions and angular distributions of the triplet band at 1.30 eV and of the Hartley band are presented. The absolute value of the differential cross section for excita...


Based on one SCM system as research background, this paper put across the design and realize method in implement OLAP in SCM system and give some adoptive measure about how to improve performance of analytical system.


The use of new pedagogical methods seems necessary in medical learning especially in fundamental specialities like pathology. This research aimed to assess the utility of using mapping techniques in the training of medical students in a pathology laboratory. We conducted a study about 20 students that were trained in our department over a period of sixteen months. The students were surveyed using a questionnaire about the feasibility and the accessibility of this method. As well, we compared the results of this subset of students, who were tutored using concept maps, with a second subset of 20 students who learnt without concept maps, using the same tests. The results showed that a total of nineteen students considered the method of concept mapping useful and worth being applied in other medical specialities. As well, the results of the students tutored with concept maps were statistically significantly better than those of the students that were not tutored with this technique. It is concluded that despite the small number of students in the study sample, the utility of using the mapping techniques in order to contextualize a challenging speciality like pathology was identifiable. On the other hand, we noticed that the success of such a method is also dependent on the motivation of the students and the availability of the tutor.


Statistics of citation total,citation quantity per paper,language distribution,time distribution and journal self-citation and so on are made from the papers issued in Journal of Binzhou University from 2005 to 2010,and the above data are analysed,and some suggestions are put forward to settle the problems.


This study investigated the effect of the fi rst language (L1) on the visual word recognition of infl ected nouns in second language (L2) Finnish by native Russian and Chinese speakers. Case infl ection is common in Russian and in Finnish but nonexistent in Chinese. Several models have been posited to describe L2 morphological processing. The unifi ed competition model (UCM; MacWhinney, 2005 ) predicts L1-L2 transfer, whereas processability theory (Pienemann, 1998 ) posits a universal hierarchy in L2 acquisition regardless of the L1.


At the Ecole Polytechnique « LULI » facility, we have measured the impulse coupling coefficient Cm (target momentum per joule of incident laser light) with several target materials in vacuum, at 1057 nm and 400 fs and 80 ps pulse duration. A total of 64 laser shots were completed in a two-week experimental campaign, divided between the two pulse durations and among the materials. Our main purpose was to resolve wide discrepancies among reported values for Cm in the 100 ps region, where many applications exist. A secondary purpose was to compare Cm at 400 fs and 80 ps pulse duration. The 80 ps pulse was obtained by partial compression. Materials were Al, Ta, W, Au, and POM (polyoxymethylene, trade name Delrin). One application of these results is to pulsed laser ablation propulsion in space, including space debris re-entry, where narrow ranges in Cm and specific impulse Isp spell the difference between dramatic and uneconomical performance. We had difficulty measuring mass loss from single shots. Imparted ...


In Indonesia, which is a country that upholds Human Rights (HAM), prisons generally consist of general and elderly inmates, therefore the existence of prisoners who can be said to be elderly has a meaning which is someone who has passed the age of 60 years, so the government  make a breakthrough for how elderly prisoners are treated because elderly prisoners are people whose rights of independence are revoked by the court and the inmates can be said to have physical, mental, and social conditions that have started to decline or are no longer healthy can be said to be susceptible to disease  , so that the government issued Permenkumham No. 32 of 2018 concerning the Treatment of Elderly Prisoners with the existence of this regulation, it is hoped that the implementation or application of all prisons in Indonesia can be carried out properly where the treatment of elderly inmates consists of: providing assistance to get access to justice;  recovery and development of social functions;  maintenance and improvement of the health status of elderly prisoners who have begun to decline;  and protection of security and safety.


ABSTRACT In order to determine the relationship between learning and enjoyment, the 99 students enrolled in any of the five basic American Government classes at Oakton Community College during the fall and spring semesters of 1974 were surveyed before and after the course. The pre-test asked for demographic information and data on how each liked to learn and how each believed he/she learned best. The post-test asked for evaluations of the specific learning techniques used during the semester. Results indicated that (1) although only 2 percent indicated on the pre-test that they learned from and enjoyed lectures, lectures were ranked on the post-test as the most effective way of learning (lectures still ranked only third on the list of methods enjoyed, however) ; (2) although 50 percent indicated on the pre-test that small group discussions were the most enjoyable and efficacious way to learn, such discussions ranked last on the post-test both in terms of material learned and enjoyment; (3) although only 25 percent had assessed medium sized lecture-discussions as the most enjoyable and efficacious, on the post-test these ranked second in terms of learning and first in terms of enjoyment. The conclusion is that early student perceptions of learning and enjoyment may not effectively foretell how successful a particular teaching technique will be. (DC)


The stimulating effect of taste substances on the lip chemoreceptors of the puffer, Fugu pardalis, was studied by recording the electrical responses from the facial nerve innervating the upper lip. Salts such as NaCl, KCl, CaCl2 and choline chloride stimulated the receptors. It was noted that the sensitivity of the receptors to NaCl was relatively low; e. g., even a molar solu-tion elicited no detectable response in any of the whole nerve preparations. Acids stimulated the receptors markedly. Organic acids such as acetic acid were found to be more effective than HCl of the same pHs when dissolved in distilled water. HCl dissolved in sea water was more effective than HCl in distilled water. HCl in 0.5M NaCl was slightly more effective than HCl in sea water. Quinine hydrochloride was stimulative. Sucrose and other sugars elicited no appreciable responses. Amino acids such as L-alanine, glycine and L-proline and betaine also stimulated the receptors. It was noted that each of the fibers responsive to the above amino acids tended to uniformly respond to all of them.


Background African populations are considered to be particularly vulnerable to fever illnesses, including malaria, and acute respiratory disease, owing to limited resources and overcrowding. However, the overall burden of influenza in this context is poorly defined and incidence data for African countries are scarce. We therefore studied the fever syndrome incidence and more specifically influenza incidence in a cohort of inhabitants of Dielmo and Ndiop in Sokone district, Senegal. Methods Daily febrile-illness data were prospectively obtained from January 2012 to December 2013 from the cohort of the villages of Dielmo and Ndiop, initially dedicated to the study of malaria. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from, and malaria diagnosis tests (thick blood smears) carried out on, every febrile individual during clinical visits; reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction was used to identify influenza viruses in the samples. Binomial negative regression analysis was used to study the relationship between the monthly incidence rate and various covariates. Results In Dielmo and Ndiop, the incidence of malaria has decreased, but fever syndromes remain frequent. Among the 1036 inhabitants included in the cohort, a total of 1,129 episodes of fever were reported. Influenza was present all year round with peaks in October-December 2012 and August 2013. The fever, ILI and influenza incidence density rates differed significantly between age groups. At both sites, the adjusted incidence relative risks for fever syndromes and ILI were significantly higher in the [6–24 months) than other age groups: 7.3 (95%CI: [5.7–9.3]) and 16.1 (95%CI: [11.1–23.3]) respectively. The adjusted incidence relative risk for influenza was significantly higher for the [0–6 months) than other age groups: 9.9 (95%CI: [2.9–33.6]). At both sites, incidence density rates were lowest among adults > = 50 years. Conclusions In this rural setting in Senegal, influenza was most frequent among the youngest children. Preventive strategies targeting this population should be implemented.


This paper presents a new application for optical correlation in the form of a head tracking system intended for use in a modern fighter aircraft, where knowing the direction of the pilot's field of view is very important. A video camera, mounted on the pilot's helmet is used to produce a sequence of views of the aircraft cockpit. This view will change from frame to frame as the pilot's head moves and we can use a joint transform optical correlator to track this motion from one frame to the next. In this system, a binary phase joint transform correlator is used to track the frame to frame motion, which can be converted into a change in angle of the pilot's view of the aircraft cockpit. Results from an experimental prototype optical correlation based head tracking system are presented.


The relevance of this article is to consider the issue of education of students in modern educational conditions and new requirements for the labor functions of University teachers. The change of paradigms and life orientations in the nineties of the twentieth century led to changes in the life principles of the Russian youth. Egoistic, consumer attitude to life in the younger generation has become a direct threat to the future of the country.
Therefore, the resumption of educational work at the University has become a necessity of time. Education and training are so intertwined in the educational process that each teacher voluntarily or unwittingly engaged in educational work, but the main role is assigned to the Institute of curatorship, which remains the flagship in this matter. Each University tries to develop its own approaches to the education of students. Curators in cooperation with other teachers form the intra-University system of education.
The article presents the data of the survey of students of the first and second courses of the direction of Agroengineering of the state agrarian University of the Northern Urals about the life guidelines of modern youth. As a result, such disturbing factors as addiction to computer games, unwillingness of students to participate in public life of the University and problems with Patriotic education are revealed.
Different understanding of the purpose, objectives and methods of implementation of the educational function of universities creates difficulties in the organization of such work. To eliminate these problems, it is necessary to create a scientific and methodological basis for educational activities of the University, to develop common approaches. Educational work in the modern system of higher education is a fundamental factor in the formation of a graduate of the University as a competitive person with professional knowledge, a high cultural level, as a self-sufficient person capable of self-development and take responsibility for decisions.


The current accounting form of the army numbers in the Ming dynasty has some defects. Although absence of historical documents, the author tried to restore the numbers through counting the army numbers of Ningxia, Northern Shaanxi and Dongsheng around Hetao in Hongwu period of Ming dynasty. In the course of accounting and analyzing the numbers, the author proposed a new theory about using the metrology, criticizing the historical data and improving the mode of thinking. It is suggested that we would pay attention to the meaning of the complex elements on influencing this numbers than focusing on the figures when the Ming army numbers have been calculated. Therefore, it is better to advance the reduction mode and the account form on different situations.


This thesis comprises of three research studies undertaken on three important topics of political economics. The first paper (chapter 2) ``Bread and the attrition of power: Economic events and German election results'' has analyzed the German's voting behavior in response to the economic situations prevailing during the postwar period 1953-2005. This paper has been a modified and extended version of the Hibbs ``Bread and Peace Model'' and result shows that real per capita disposable income growth is the only economic variable that explains the incumbent aggregate vote share in Germany. The second paper (chapter 3) ``Pakistan, Politics and Political Business Cycles'' relates to Pakistan's experience in terms of politics, economics and political business cycles. This paper investigates the presence of political business cycles in various macroeconomic indicators during the period 1973-2009. The third paper (chapter 4) ``Pakistan Central Bank Independence and Electoral Politics'' examines the existence of political monetary cycles in Pakistan, keeping in view the independence of the State Bank of Pakistan. Each of these three chapters is a self-contained unit, provides empirical evidence enriched with modern sophisticated econometric techniques and provides useful policy implications. Although the substance uncovered in the three chapters is different to each other, but they are all based on the common concept of "economic voting'' and its implications on economy, politics and other institutions.
Chapter two studies the German's voting behavior in response to economic situations prevailing during the period 1953-2005. Empirical results suggest that German voters are backward-looking and they consider the whole legislative term with only small discounting of past events. They are concerned about national economic well-being, vote according to the per capita real disposable income growth of the economy. As in Hibbs (2008) for the United States, we find that the aggregate votes for incumbent parties in post-war Germany were determined by the weighted-average growth of real per capita disposable income. Each percentage point of per capita real disposable income growth sustained over the legislative term yielded approximately two percentage points of votes in Germany. No other economic variables add value or significantly perturb the coefficients of our model. However, attrition of power is turned out to be another important variable in the case of Germany that has reduced the vote share in election years 1961, 1994 and 1998.
Chapter three focuses on the opportunistic politicians' behavior in terms of manipulation of the macroeconomic indicators during the election period. Research study has been carried out to study whether in Pakistan the dynamic behavior of unemployment, inflation, budget deficit and real GDP growth is systematically affected by the timing of elections. We have covered the period from 1973-2009 that comprises of seven election terms. Auto Regressive Moving Average (ARMA) Model and Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) models with political dummies have been used to investigate the presence of political business cycles in Pakistan. Results show that unemployment tends to be lower in pre-election periods and tends to increase immediately after elections, perhaps as a result of politically motivated employment schemes. Inflation tends to be lower in pre-election periods, perhaps as a result of pre-electoral price regulation. Similarly we find an increase in the governmental budget deficit financed by heavy government borrowings from the central bank and banking sector during the election year. However, real GDP growth and real governmental investment growth declines during pre and post election years, may be as a result of inefficient resource allocation.
Chapter four attempts to examine the Pakistan's central bank independence and the existence of political monetary cycles (PMC) during the period 1985-2010. Existence of such cycles demonstrates the opportunistic political behavior as well as the non-independence of central bank in its monetary operations. Despite various amendments that have been made to strengthen the autonomy of Pakistan's central bank during the decade 1990s, it has been witnessed that Pakistan's central bank is still among the list of least independent central banks. The same picture has been exhibited by the rising fiscal deficit and deficit financing trend during the period 1985-2010. Considering this status, one may suspect the existence of political monetary cycles in Pakistan. Using quarterly data for the period 1985Q1-2010Q4, we have estimated the central bank monetary policy reaction function. Empirical results allow us to conclude that whenever there is an increase in the real output gap or real GDP growth and inflationary pressures in the economy, the central bank tighten its monetary policy by raising the discount rate. To test the existence of political monetary cycles, we have introduced some political dummies in the estimated baseline models. Pre-election political dummies are found to be negative and significant, accepting the PMC hypothesis that the central bank facilitates the incumbent parties in the run up to election by reducing the interest rate during the underlying study period in Pakistan.


Резюме. Приводятся материалы по накоплению тяжелых металлов, ароматических углеводородов в тканях и органах гидробионтов на участке «Центрально-Каспийский», которые указывают на целесообразность расширения ис- следований, позволяющих оценить влияние загрязнения водной среды и кормовых гидробионтов на организм рыб. Abstract. Aim. Incorporation rate of heavy metals in fish is an important informative integrant index that allows estimat- ing the impact of water pollution and fodder hydrobiont contamination on fish organisms. Unlike other contaminating anthropogen- ic factors of the Caspian Sea, metals are always present in the sea interacting with fish organisms many thousands times as the result of biological and chemical circuit. Methods. We analysed the grade of concentration of heavy metals in tissues and organs of hydrobionts under the pro- gram "the Central Caspian District of the Caspian Sea marine environment". The procedure for determining metals consisted in determination of concentration of heavy metals in accordance with the methodology recommendations of atomic absorption anal- ysis of Dagestan 52.24.28-86, with the help of atomic absorption spectrophotometer Hitachi 180-50. Results. The results after analysis of concentration of heavy metals in the tissues and organs of fish caught in the Cen- tral Caspian Sea marine environment are compared with the average annual estimation. The results obtained on the analysis of concentration of hydrocarbons in hydrobionts selected in the Central Caspian District of the Caspian Sea marine environment are within the long-term annual average data that are typical of the Northern and Middle Caspian Sea. Main conclusions. The results obtained help to form scientific foundation of ecological regulation that takes into account some ecosystems' anthropogenic stability. Concentration of pollutants (heavy metals and hydrocarbons) in hydrobiont tissues cha- racterizes the ecological situation on the whole of the Caspian Sea due to hydrobionts' large-scale migrations. The analysis of the dynamics of the pollutant concentration in tissues reflects the situation created in the drilling areas; it will help forecast and avert the negative impact of hydrocarbon production on the Caspian Sea ecosystem


The case presented chronicles the reengineering efforts of a small Yugoslavian showroom wholesaler. Following an initial period of success, the company sub sequently became unable to deliver the promised level of quality and service. A team of consultants was engaged who recommended business-process reengineering in order to help improve performance. The strategy they devised for the company involved replacing functional specialists with case managers. While the strategy was successfully implemented, it was not followed by appropriate changes in information technology, thus limiting the effectiveness of the entire process.The goals of this case are threefold. The authors seek: 1) to help the reader understand the current situation; 2) to develop a swift fix strategy; 3) to outline tactical and strategic plans for future development.Readers will be able to review several working prototypes1 of information subsystems designed to support the suggested reengineering process.


The pressure wave propagation (PWP) method allows for the nondestructive measurement of charge distributions in dielectric materials. This method has been used to study the electrical properties of electrode-polyethylene-electrode structures such as those involved in high-voltage cables. The authors analyze in polyethylene samples the influence of the composition of the insulating resin itself and that of the electrodes. Depending on the combination chosen, charge transfer at the interfaces, migration of ionizable impurities, or a strong decrease of both effects are observed. This application of the PWP method is of particular interest since it allows for a suitable choice of the materials and structure involved in insulator-conductor interfaces.<<ETX>>


A method is presented to optimize the chaotic sequences for spreading codes of quasi synchronous code division multiple access (QS CDMA) systems. In a QS CDMA system, the relative delay between the signals of different users is random but restricted to a specified time range, so correlation functions around the origin influence system performance and odd function are as important as the even functions. Chaotic sequences generated from a logistic map with different initial values were checked using the quasi orthogonal criteria to select the qualified sequences. Monte Carlo simulations of the QS CDMA system with optimized chaotic sequences as spreading codes on additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel show that these sequences are quasi orthogonal and suitable for application in the QS CDMA system.


The reflection mechanism is a more complex function which is part of the functions of Java.By using this mechanism,you can check the structure of class,and know the running information of fields,methods and access symbols.This paper focuses on how to map the database by using this mechanism to associate with JavaBean in order to alleviate the difficulty of developing BMP and increase the network performance of BMP.


In 2015 Singapore celebrates its fiftieth birthday. It began with Singapore Art Week, featuring Art Stage Singapore and 100 events city-wide. Among these, the announcements of the APB Foundation Signature Art Prize and the Prudential Eye Awards were particularly high-profile, proving it's not just Australians who love art prizes.


To investigate changes in corneal low and high order aberrations (LOA and HOA), which cause visual disturbances after lower eyelid epiblepharon repair surgery.This was a retrospective, cross-sectional study, which included 108 eyes from 54 patients. Wavefront analyses for calibrated LOAs and HOAs (root mean square, coma, three-piece aberrations [Trefoil], secondary astigmatisms, and spherical aberrations [SA]) were performed via a Galilei G4 Dual Scheimpflug Analyzer preoperatively, at the first and second follow-ups (f/u), and at G1, G2, and G3 (<45 days, 45–75 days, and >75 days post-surgery). Several risk factors (age, sex, body mass index, and corneal keratitis presence) were assessed.In LOAs, flat keratometer (K) and axis values decreased significantly from baseline at the first f/u. At the second f/u, mean K and axis decreased. In HOAs, coma and trefoil increased from baseline at the first f/u and normalized by the second f/u. SA decreased at the second f/u and in G3. The various risk factors did not affect postoperative outcomes, axis, and secondary astigmatisms. After correcting for risk factors, at the first f/u, cylinder, coma, trefoil, and SA increased significantly from the baseline, while axis and flat K decreased. At the second f/u, cylinder increased, while axis and mean K decreased significantly from the baseline.Epiblepharon repair surgery may impact axis changes. Flat K, coma, and trefoil may be affected by mechanical force changes immediately following surgery. Mean K and SA may change with cornea state changes during healing.


A 52-year-old woman presented with a 4-month history of painful leg ulcers, which had failed to heal with conservative treatment. She had been on hydroxyurea 1.5 g twice daily for 5 years for polycythaemia rubra vera. On examination, she had a small ulcer over her left lateral malleolus (Fig. 1) and another above the left heel. There were several white atrophic scars on the legs and feet. She also had widespread telangiectases, a violaceous facial rash, dilated nail-fold capillaries with ragged cuticles, and purple papules over the interphalangeal joints (Fig. 2). There was no muscle weakness. Creatinine kinase and an autoantibody screen were negative.


Ionic liquids are critical reagents for science and technical processes nowadays. Metals are the most used reagents in the industry. It is crucial to have a deeper understanding of how ionic liquids and metals could interact. In this article the interaction of those two families of compounds is accessed. The dissolution (reaction) of metals with ionic liquids is studied, namely the influence of temperature, redox potential, and availability of an oxidant in the process. The final state achieved by the iron metal samples was also addressed by Mössbauer spectroscopy.