A sufficient condition is obtained for a two-agent opinion dynamical system with processing delay to experience unconditional consensus. To this end, the dynamics proposed is transformed into a general class of delay differential equation and asymptotic stability of the origin is then analyzed. It is also shown that increasing delay can prolong the time needed for the system to realize consensus and even induce a Hopf bifurcation.


This paper pursues themes developed in my recent book The Dappled World: A Study of the Boundaries of Science . (Cartwright 1999) . The book is a Scotist book-in accord with the viewpoint of Duns Scotus . It extols the particular over the universal, the diverse over the homogeneous and the local over the global . Its central thesis is that in the world that science studies, differences turn out to matter . Correlatively, universal methods and universal theories should be viewed with suspicion . We should look very carefully at their empirical justification before we adopt them . The topic in this volume is causality; I shall defend a particularist view of our subject. Causal systems differ . What is characteristic of one is not characteristic of all and the methods that work for finding out about one need not work for finding out about another . I shall argue this here for one specific characteristic : modularity . Very roughly, a system of causal laws is modular in the sense I shall discuss when each effect in the system has one cause all its own, a cause that causes it but does not cause any other effect in the system. On the face of it this may seem a very special, probably rare,


We propose a new method, called the textit{the weighted space method}, for the study of the generalized Hyers-Ulam-Rassias stability. We use this method for a nonlinear functional equation, for Volterra and Fredholm integral operators.


In the transitional period, acquiring of archival material in the Archives of the Tuzla Canton has been intensified. Records of privatized legal subjects, records of companies in liquidation or bankruptcy, obsolete wartime administration, etc. were acquired by the Archives in large quantities. This new intake of fonds was not followed by the strengthening of personnel, which also increased the danger to change the balance between arranged fonds and unarranged ones in favor of the latter. This would directly influence the use of these fonds by users, thus negatively affecting their fulfillment of human, civil and other rights. Therefore, the Archives' Expert's council initiated and introduced many decisions related to increased activities in the field of preparation, arranging, listing and acquiring arranged fonds. In some cases, analytical inventories were made before records were transferred to the Archives, which made their immediate use easier. Therefore, this article aims to point out positive experiences of the Archives of the Tuzla Canton in the field of acquiring and use of archival material in the period from 1991 to 2017.


The Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) algorithm is a relatively new algorithm for function optimization. The algorithm is inspired by the foraging behavior of honey bees. In this work, the performance of ABC is enhanced by introducing the concept of generalized opposition-based learning. This concept is introduced through the initialization step and through generation jumping. The performance of the proposed generalized opposition-based ABC (GOABC) is compared to the performance of ABC and opposition-based ABC (OABC) using the CEC05 benchmarks library.


In order to improve the quality of low-dose computational tomography (CT) images, the paper proposes an improved image denoising approach based on WGAN-gp with Wasserstein distance. For improving the training and the convergence efficiency, the given method introduces the gradient penalty term to WGAN network. The novel perceptual loss is introduced to make the texture information of the low-dose images sensitive to the diagnostician eye. The experimental results show that compared with the state-of-art methods, the time complexity is reduced, and the visual quality of low-dose CT images is significantly improved.


The development of aquaculture in An Giang province posed a risk of lowering the surface water quality of the Mekong River. This study assessed the pollution level of surface water affected by aquaculture areas in the province and the efficiency of the floating raft of native aquatic plants on aquaculture wastewater quality improvement. Water samples were analyzed for SS, COD, BOD5, N-NH4+, Total N, and Total P. The Water Quality Index was calculated according to the Vietnamese technical guidelines (VN_WQI). The quadrat method was applied to determine the density of aquatic plants. The result showed that surface water quality affected by aquaculture areas in An Giang province did not meet national standards, and the WQI ranged from heavy to good pollution. Experimental results showed that when using the treatment tank, including floating rafts of Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes), Morning glory plants (Ipomoea aquatica), and Climbing dayflower (Commelina diffusa), the removal percentages of SS, COD, BOD5, N-NH4+, Total N, and Total P were 92.6%, 89.6%, 93.9%, 93.4%, 64.3%, and 94.6%, respectively, in the first three months of the farming season. The removal percentages of SS, COD, BOD5, N-NH4+, Total N, and Total P were 92.7%, 89.9%, 91.5%, 93.6%, 67.8%, and 94%, respectively, in the fourth month until fish harvest in the treatment tank. Therefore, floating rafts of native aquatic plants could absorb nutrients and quickly remove pollutants. The quality of aquaculture wastewater after treatment was significantly improved.

http://www.pertanika.upm.edu.my/resources/files/Pertanika PAPERS/JST Vol. 31 (2) Mar. 2023/06 JST-3657-2022.pdf


still needs to concentrate on the detection and evaluation of new, robust, and reliable predictive markers for those costly therapies. This issue of Breast Care focusses on pathway oriented therapy and aims to elucidate 3 major pathways: While checkpoint inhibition is established and approved in the treatment of metastatic melanoma, renal cell cancer, and NSCLC, the impact of immune checkpoint inhibition in breast cancer is still under evaluation in different clinical trials. Hartkopf and coauthors [6] review the existing data on PD1 and PDL1 blockade and discuss the possible role of checkpoint inhibitors in treatment concepts for breast cancer. One of the milestones in breast cancer diagnosis and therapy has been the detection of epidermal growth factor cell surface receptors (HER1–4) and HER2 targeted therapies including trastuzumab, pertuzumab, and T-DM1. Stickler et al. [7] summarize the recent treatment strategies in primary and metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer. The estrogen, HER2 and insulin-like growth factor (IGF) receptor signaling pathways are linked to the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway which is the most frequently altered pathway in breast cancer. The PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway mediates e.g. survival, cell cycle, and cell growth. Crosstalk between these different signaling cascades is crucial for the development of an endocrine or anti-HER2 resistance. Lux et al. [8] elucidate the data about the PI3 kinase pathway and provide a detailed summary of new drugs currently under clinical investigation. Based on the understanding of the hallmarks in cancer, we have learned a lot about the impact of various pathways in breast cancer. Only if we understand the molecular details, we can develop new pathway oriented therapies and implement them in clinical routine to increase therapy sensitivity and overcome therapy resistance.


System for percutaneously securing the connecting rod to the spine, a first and second bone screws, each having a bone screw extension of the hollow corresponding attached thereto, the first and second comprising of a bone screw, and a connecting rod of the length that is sized alignment for receiving subcutaneously in the yoke of the bone screw. Bar introducer is provided a connecting rod in the slot of the screw extension, and for insertion into the bone screws York. May also be provided rod induction device that is attached to at least one threaded extensions, the rod induction tool engages the connecting rod, operable rods to urge into the slot of a corresponding bone screw yoke it is. Rod detector to insert one of the threaded extension portion also may be provided, the rods detector has an indicator for detecting the presence of a bar in at least one of the yoke slots of the bone screw. .TECHNICAL


In addition to the boost from economic reform, China's rapid economic growth in the past two decades resulted mainly from the disposition of its surplus agricultural labor and the massive inflow of foreign direct investment, both of which led to its rapid export expansion and high overall growth. This paper argues that the extensive use of foreign capital and the supply of cheap labor in China's economy are the main driving forces for rapid economic growth in the post-reform period. Yet, sustainable development requires not just the existing supply of cheap labor, but also the necessary capital investment, which may not be forthcoming forever. It is argued that while the agricultural surplus labor is endogenous, the flow of foreign investment is exogenous because there is no guarantee that foreign direct investment will continue. Moreover, trade, which served as an engine of growth in the past, may become a stumbling block in the future. As China reaches the bottleneck of development, the nation will have to decide how to restructure its sociopolitical system to accommodate its sustainable development.


Epitaxial lateral overgrown (ELO) GaN grown by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy on Si substrates was characterized using Raman mapping, photoluminescence (PL) experiments and finite element (FE) analysis. Stress in the structures was determined from the E2 phonon frequency and compared to FE results. Low temperature PL spectra are dominated by donor bound exciton (DBE) emission at (3.457–3.459) eV. PL spectra reveal a peak at ∼3.404 eV in window regions attributed to structural defects in the GaN. Differences in crystalline quality between window and overgrown regions of ELO GaN were investigated.


In the following exposition reference numbers in squared brackets [·] refer to Fields Institute Supplements to [V2], while numbers in curly brackets {·} refer to the list of References of the expository review of the Editors titled, Selected Path Properties of 50+ Years of Research in Probability and Statistics: in Conversation with Miklós Csörgő. Bold faced items in squared brackets [·] continue to refer to "Publications of Miklós Csörgő" (cf. Table of


Freeway transportation engineering and follow line facilities a design,the machine electricity provide of equipments goes together with an electricity because of involve economy energy,the electric cable guard against theft etc.factor,always all constuct unit and design an unit point to consider a problem,but to parts of machine electricity equipments adoption solar energy+the power supply method of wind energy,can effectively make use of natural energy,resolve to adopt traditional power supply electric cable of the power supply method easily robs to cause machine electricity equipments expiration result in of the economy lose and lower luck expenses of camp period towards carrying the influence that the camp management result in,can effectively,exaltation service level.


A prototype real-time, passive-acoustic observing system for killer whales was developed and tested off the coast of Newport, Oregon, USA. The system consists of two modules: 1) the passive-acoustic monitoring (PAM) module, which sits on the seafloor and continuously monitors the underwater soundscape for killer whale calls, and 2) a surface buoy, which receives information on acoustics detections from the PAM module via an underwater acoustic modem link and relays the information to shore via an Iridium™ satellite connection. The system was deployed in ~65 m deep water off Oregon in September 2015 for five days, during which the real-time detection capability was tested. A high rate of false positive detections was observed. Later analysis revealed that Dolphin clicks and impulsive sounds by invertebrate caused detection errors. During the experiment, killer whale sounds were projected with an underwater playback system to validate the detection algorithm.


List of Contributors Foreword Preface 1. Development 2. Access Techniques 3. Anaesthesia 4. Pelvic Lymphadenectomy 5. Colposuspension 6. Inguinal Herniorrhaphy 7. Para-aortic lymph node sampling 8. Lumbar sympathectomy 9. Vascular Applications, Except Sympathectomy 10. Ureterolithotomy 11. Nephrectomy 12. Adrenalectomy 13. Tissue Approximation Techniques 14. Pyeloplasty Index


The hydrolysis of sucrose by mould invertase preparations has been considered to result from ca- glucosidase (glucosaccharase) activity on the basis of observations that the reaction rate is decreased by the presence of free a-glucose, pre-sumed to act as a competitive inhibitor. Modifica- tion of this view became necessary when mould extracts were found to hydrolyse part of the 'y'-methyl fructoside mixture and, in the absence of activity, to attack raffinose These results indicated the presence of a ,B-fructosidase similar to that found in yeast invertase preparations; it has been suggested that sucrose breakdown by moulds may


A new bioanalytical concept that uses the characteristic fluorescence lifetimes of new multiplex dyes as an identification parameter is presented. Several dyes can be distinguished at the same wavelength by recognition of the fluorescence lifetimes. It is shown that the identification can be achieved in a capillary gel electrophoresis system in a few milliseconds with a misclassification rate of 10-4. As an example the simultaneous detection of two antibodies at one wavelength is presented.


This paper concerns fifteen Australian Defence Force (ADF) workers. We argue that these ADF workers are constantly confronting change as they negotiate workplace learning. Using a grounded theory approach analysing semi-structured interviews, a prime concern identified for respondents was finding their place and becoming members of a community of practice.


The title for this paper was suggested by the conference organizers, and it was explained that the intention was to review changes that had come about since the 3rd International Workshop which was held in Woburn four years ago, under the title ''Life Cycle Issues in Advanced Energy Systems''. The papers presented at that meeting are briefly reviewed here and, in a companion paper (Part B), the changes that have come about in the interim are discussed. There were 29 papers presented; in their Introduction, the organizers classified the papers in the following way:


An overview is given of the present status of low-energy tests of the Standard Model in nuclear beta decay and neutron decay, covering the unitarity problem, searches for right-handed currents, scalar and tensor type currents, tests of time reversal violation, as well as experiments to set the neutrino mass scale. In view of the large amount of ongoing and planned experiments in this sector, many new results can be expected in the coming decade.


Five species of birch (Betula) leaf-mining sawfly have been introduced to Canada. The two most damaging species, Profenusa thomsoni (Konow) and Fenusa pumila Leach (previously known as F. pusilla), have wide distributions in western Canada (Digweed et al. 2009) and can be significant pests of birch in the region. The larvae of both species feed inside the leaf and cause brown blotch-shaped mines that are characteristic for each species. When outbreaks of these species occur, the large numbers of larvae create multiple mines within individual leaves. This damage causes trees to take on a burnt appearance, which is often considered undesirable in urban settings where birch is a popular ornamental tree. Over the last 20 years, we have studied the distribution and impact of these birch leafmining sawflies and their biological control using parasitoids in the Ichneumonid genus Lathrolestes Foerster (Digweed et al. 2009, MacQuarrie et al. 2013). In Canada, outbreaks of F. pumila and P. thomsoni have been controlled by the introduction and redistribution of two species of Lathrolestes that attack the larvae as they feed within the leaf (Quednau 1984, Langor et al. 2002, Digweed et al. 2003, MacQuarrie et al., 2013). Outbreaks of both sawfly species have been noted in western Canada, but since the 1990s P. thomsoni has been responsible for most of the observed damage. The sawfly is control led by Lathrolestes thomsoni Reshchikov (previously known as L. luteolator), an endoparasitoid that was first observed attacking P. thomsoni during the late 1990s in Edmonton, Alberta (Digweed et al. 2003). In the early 2000s, other populations of the parasitoid were found attacking the sawfly in Hay River and Fort Smith, Northwest Territories, as well as in Edson, Alberta (MacQuarrie 2008). These parasitoid populations were later exploited for a biological control project against an outbreak of P. thomsoni in Alaska. This project successfully established L. thomsoni in at least one site in the state (MacQuarrie 2008, Soper 2012), and demonstrated that relocating freeliving adult L. thomsoni is a feasible way to establish the parasitoid within an outbreak population of P. thomsoni. In the early 2000s, outbreaks of P. thomsoni were reported in the Northwest Territories and northern British Columbia. To help suppress these populations, we collected adult L. thomsoni from Edson, Edmonton, Hay River and Fort Smith, and released them in Prince George, British Columbia, and Ye l l o w k n i f e , N o r t h w e s t Te r r i t o r i e s (MacQuarrie 2008). We surveyed these populations in 2012 to determine: 1) if L. thomsoni had established; and, 2) how abundant it was. A survey in 2003 found that P. thomsoni was also present throughout much of the southern Yukon but not at outbreak levels (Digweed and Langor 2004). Therefore, we also surveyed in the Yukon to determine if P. thomsoni had changed in abundance and if L. thomsoni was present. In the summer of 2012, we surveyed for L. thomsoni in Prince George, Yellowknife and Whitehorse, Yukon, using traps (7.5 cm x 12.5 cm yellow sticky cards; Contech Inc., Victoria, BC) set out at two or three sites in each city. In both Prince George and Yellowknife, one site was situated near the original release site and another site was established elsewhere. The two Prince George sites were located in a wooded area and in the ya rd o f a p r iva te home, and were approximately 1.1 km apart. The two Yellowknife sites were both located in the J. ENTOMOL. SOC. BRIT. COLUMBIA 110, DECEMBER 2013 35


In many retrieval tasks, one important goal involves retrieving a diverse set of results (e.g., documents covering a wide range of topics for a search query). First of all, this reduces redundancy, effectively showing more information with the presented results. Secondly, queries are often ambiguous at some level. For example, the query "Jaguar" can refer to many different topics (such as the car or feline). A set of documents with high topic diversity ensures that fewer users abandon the query because no results are relevant to them. Unlike existing approaches to learning retrieval functions, we present a method that explicitly trains to diversify results. In particular, we formulate the learning problem of predicting diverse subsets and derive a training method based on structural SVMs.


The invention provides a reflective heat insulation coating which is low in cost, is high and durable in solar heat reflection efficiency and can be subjected to color matching and the preparation method of the coating. The reflective heat insulation coating provided by the invention comprises a fluorocarbon emulsion, nanometer hollow ceramic fibers, reflective raw materials, pigment, a dispersing agent, a defoaming agent, a film formation additive, a thickening agent, a mildew prevention agent, a contamination prevention agent and water. According to the reflective heat insulation coating and the preparation method thereof, nanometer hollow ceramic fibers are adopted, through the reasonable mixing of functional pigment and common pigment and the full utilization of the complementary advantage of the materials, the product achieves the high-radiation function and maintains high reflection efficiency at the same time, the cost is lowered greatly, and the product is widely applied to surface coating of outer walls, color plates, petroleum chemical engineering and the like.


Outlines the current development of China's chemical industry,analyzes the causes of the sudden environmental pollution in accidents chemical industry,and proposes countermeasures to reduce sudden environmental pollution accidents.


Objective To explore the antidepressant drug therapy combined with skills training program(joint program) in the treatment of perinatal depression patients.Methods 29 patients diagnosed with perinatal depression screening for patients with the treatment of joint programs.The total number of treatment 12 times,before and after treatment and after treatment at 6 months follow-up and use the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale(EPDS-10)Hamilton Depression Rating Scale(HAMD-17),primary care evaluation of patient health questionnaire(PRIME-MD)and the SIGH-ADS evaluation.Results (1)12 patients were divided equally after treatment of depression was significantly lower than before treatment(EPDS-10:t=5.00,P0.01;HAMD-17:t=6.0,P0.01;treatment before and after the DAS and llP the score difference was not statistically significant);(2)7 cases of cured patients and five cases of healed(partial response+no relief) patients before treatment rates of depression(EPDS-10 and HAMD-17) no significant difference;(3)12 cases of postpartum depression in patients after 6 months of depression were significantly lower than pre-treatment score(EPDS-10:F=24.30,P0.01;q=6.44,P0.01;HAMD-17:F=33.59,P0.01;g=4.88,P0.01).Conclusion Collaborative care model of treatment of treatment programs for perinatal depression has a good effect.


The theoretical developments for the creation of light-induced metastable defects (LIMD), photodarkening and photoinduced volume expansion in amorphous chalcogenicles are reviewed. Recent results for some chalcogenide glasses are presented. The magnitude and effect of PD and PVE is determined quantitatively and compared with the experimental results.


The optimum processing (likelihood functional) is found for a set of M images {Zm = Sm + Y + Nm}, each the sum of a member Sm of a signal sequence {Sm}, due to an object to be detected and its parameters estimated, a sample function Nm of a noise field {Nm}, and a sample function Y of a common background field {Y}. The noise fields {{Nm}} are independent, zero mean, white Gaussian fields, all independent of the background field {Y}; the latter is assumed to be either 1} completely unknown or of known mean and covariance functions with 2) a certain fluctuation property or 3) Gaussian. Three equivalent forms of the optimum processing are found: 1) a summation of generalized matched filterings of the images, 2) a summation of matched filtering of certain generalized differences of the images, 3) a summation of "estimator-correlator" type filterings. The detection performance and optimum signal/image selection under the Neyman-Pearson criterion is given and the singularity of the ({{Nm = O}} and M > 1) case noted. It is shown that optimum processor and signal design can completely eliminate any effect of the background on detectability (M > 1). The Cramer-Rao lower bound for the signal parameter estimates meansquare error is given along with an example; optimum signal/image selection in the single parameter case is discussed.


Rice was intercropped with maize and soybean,which are two crops widely cultivated in the northern area of Fujian Province,China.The population dynamics and female ratios of RPHs and their egg parasitoids,Anagrus spp.were examined and evaluated.The results showed that rice intercropped with soybean and maize did not reduce the abundance of RPHs or increase the abundance of Anagrus spp.significantly;there were no significant differences of female ratios of Sogatella furcifera,Nilaparvata lugens,Laodelphax striatellus and Anagrus spp.between intercropping system and rice monoculture.Therefore the polycultural manipulation strategy did not effectively suppress the development of rice planthopper populations.


St. Martin of Tours had a significant impact on the development of Christianity throughout northern Europe. No other Saint is as heavily represented in France today as St. Martin of Tours. Clearly this man was an exceptional representative of the church. But what events helped to shape him into the man we know him as today? Why is he unique among his contemporaries for that matter? Perhaps the most intriguing aspect to this man is his unyielding nature in the opposition of evil. If that is in fact the case, what sort of influence did evil have on the development of this man? Perhaps if one could identify what the term evil means in terms of St. Martin, one could then proceed to identify what makes St. Martin unique


This study aims to determine the effect of xanthosoma and white oyster mushroom on the characteristics  of sate lilit keladi, and to know the right ratio of xanthosoma and white oyster mushroom on the characteristics of sate lilit keladi. The experimental design used was completely randomized design with the treatment ratio of xanthosoma and oyster mushroom, which consists of 6 levels such as: 100% : 0%, 90% : 10%, 80% : 20%, 70% : 30%, 60% : 40%, 50% : 50%. The treatment was repeated 3 times to obtained 18 units of the experiment. The data were analysed by analysis of variance and if the treatment had an effect on the variable then continued with Duncan test. The result showed xanthosoma and white oyster mushroom ratio had a significant effect on water content, ash content, fat content, protein content, carbohydrate  content, coarse fiber content, hardness, color (hedonic), aroma (hedonic), texture (hedonic and  scoring),  taste  (hedonic  and  scoring)  and  overall  acceptance   (hedonic).   Comparison   of  50% xanthosoma  and 50% white oyster mushroom  had the best characteristics,  with 52,86 % water content, 3,31 % ash content, 6,52% protein content, 24,57%  fat content, 12,74%  carbohydrate  content, 35,88% coarse  fiber content,  0,11 kg/5mm  hardness,  color liked, aroma liked, texture  mushy  and rather liked, typical taste rather keladi and liked and overall acceptance liked.


Objective: To study the induction of embryonic stem cells(ESCs) into insulin-secreting cells(ISCs). Methods: ESCs were allowed to grow on mouse fetal fibroblast feeder layer, then transferred into serum-free DMEM supplemented with bFGF for more than 2 weeks. DTZ staining and immunocytochemistry were used to identify the induced ISCs, and insulin secretion was examined by ELISA. Results: ESCs grew and formed embryoid bodies at day 4, and the addition of bFGF promoted the differentiation of ESCs into ISCs. The induced ISCs self-assembled to form three-dimentional clusters, and are stained into crimson red by DTZ at day 17 after induction, and at the same time, insulin secretion was positively detected by ELISA and immunocytochemistry. Conclusions: ESCs can be induced to differentiate into ISCs in serum-free DMEM supplemented with bFGF, and the induced ISCs can secret insulin.


Stillbirth, or fetal loss after 20 weeks of gestation, remains a major public health challenge that occurs in approximately 6 per 1000 pregnancies in the United States.1 Unfortunately, many of thes...


Canine brucellosisis an infectious disease caused by bacteria of the genus Brucella, with world wide distribution and zoonotic impact, and in humans and animals is a neglected disease. In the present study, the sero prevalence of B. canis and B. abortus were determined in a probabilistic sample of housed dogs from the Atlantic Rainforest area of the state of Paraíba, Brazil, and the factors associated with sero positivity. A total of 386 dogs over three months of age were used. For the search for anti-B.canis antibodies the agar gel immune diffusion test (IDGA) was used as a screening and IDGA+2ME as confirmatory test, and to search for anti-B. abortus antibodies the Rose Bengal test (RBT) test was used. Apparent and real prevalences were calculated, and robust Poisson regression was used to identify factors associated with prevalence. The real prevalence fB. Canis was 12.6% and of B. abortus was 22.8%. The factors associated with sero positivity for B. canis were age greater than 10 years (prevalence ratio; PR = 6.38; P = 0.024) and dogs reared in they ard (PR = 5.20; P = 0.035) and for B. abortus was no treplacement of water of animals everyday (PR = 1.48; P = 0.033). It can be concluded that the prevalence of B. canis and B. Abortus in the region is high, which warns to the adopting of control and prevention measures, as well as greater care in the management of animals, especially for elderly dogs.


Dedication. Foreword by Baruch Levush. Preface. Acknowledgements. List of Contributors. List of Acronyms and Abbreviations. Chapter 1. Introduction and Overview. Chapter 2. Historical Highlights. Chapter 3. Klystrons. Chapter 4. Traveling Waves Tubes (TWTs). Chapter 5. Gyro-Amplifiers. Chapter 6. Crossed-Field Devices. Chapter 7. Microfabricated MVEDs. Chapter 8. Advanced Electron Beam Sources. Chapter 9. How to Achieve Linear Amplification. Chapter 10. Computational Modeling. Chapter 11. Next-Generation Microwave Structures and Circuits. Chapter 12. Advanced Materials Technologies for MVEDs. Chapter 13. High Power Microwave (HPM) Sources. Chapter 14. Affordable Manufacturing. Chapter 15. Emerging Applications and Future Possibilities. Index. About the Editors. Appendices.


A significant portion of casting defects in the Lost Foam Casting process can be traced back to a lack of consistency in the Expandable Polystyrene (EPS) foam pattern. The present study focuses on determining the cause of EPS foam pattern irregularities through the characterization of the two-phase flow of an EPS bead injector. The process variables studied during this experiment include fill time, fill pressure, EPS bead canister pressure, and fill hose diameter. It was found that the air flow rate under vented EPS bead canister condition using a 1.9 cm (3/4 inch) diameter fill hose increases 33% from a 276 kPa (40 psig) fill pressure to a 552 kPa (80 psig) fill pressure, and the EPS bead mass per cycle for a three second fill time increased 28% from a 276 kPa fill pressure to a 552 kPa fill pressure. The average EPS bead mass per cycle for a pressurized canister and a 1.9 cm diameter fill hose increased 71% from 55.22 grams for a 28 kPa EPS bead canister pressure to 80.21 grams for a 83 kPa EPS bead canister pressure at a fill pressure of 276 kPa. It was also discovered that the air flow rate under pressurized EPS bead canister condition is not a strong function of fill pressure but instead strongly depends on EPS bead canister pressure. The EPS bead mass per cycle for a 1.27 cm diameter fill hose exhibited a lower EPS bead mass per cycle than that for a 1.9 cm diameter fill hose for both the vented and pressurized canister conditions; however, the air flow rates and tip pressures observed for a 1.27 cm (1/2 inch) diameter fill hose showed similar behavior to those for a 1.9 cm diameter fill hose.Copyright © 2002 by ASME


An in–house modeling framework for Ferroelectric Tunnelling Junctions (FTJ) is here presented in details. After a precise calibration again experiments, the model is exploited for an insightful study of the design of FTJs as synaptic devices for neuromorphic networks. Our analysis explains and addresses the tradeoff between the reading efficiency and the effects of the depolarization field during the retention phase. The reported results show that a moderately low- $\kappa $ tunnelling dielectric (e.g., SiO2) can increase the read current and the current dynamic range. The study shows also how the contribution of trapped charge may favor the stabilization of the polarization inside the FTJ, but also reduces the maximum read current.


The nonlinear dynamics equation of a passively vibration-isolated body was developed.According to the nonlinear dynamics theory,the singular point and stability of the system were studied.Using theory of chaos,the parametrical condition for chaos occurance on a vibration-isolated body was explored.The parametrical condition and the demarcation line of chaos occurance were obtained.


This paper presents the main improvements brought recently to the SpeeD automatic speech recognition system. Several aspects, such as speech and text resources acquisition, noise-robust speech features and feature transforms are discussed. All the updates in our ASR system are accompanied by experimental results illustrating significant improvements: between 30% and 35% relative WER reductions for various case studies (read/spontaneous speech, noisy/clean speech). In the last part of the paper, our ASR system is also compared with Google's ASR system and a brief analysis of the results is presented.


This paper identifies certain privacy threats that apply to anonymous credential systems. The focus is on timing attacks that apply even if the system is cryptographically secure. The paper provides some simple heuristics that aim to mitigate the exposure to the threats and identifies directions for further research.


The empirical paper entitled "Profiling Children as Consumers: An Indian Study" is focused on the varied aspects that characterize a young consumer's role in family decision-making process. Through different variables: child's involvement at various buying stages, product type and various tactics used by children, distinct consumer profiling of young children is attempted. Survey data collected from 10 schools in India were examined with a series of factor analysis and mean scores. In this scope it is important to draw the commercial profile of young kids. Detailed analysis included principal component factor analysis, ranking through descriptive analysis and with the help of radar diagram; children's consumer profiles are identified. Using these profiles, the firms can develop insights about their target markets and formulate effective marketing strategies. The implications are very insightful. The developmental stages of children and their distinct characteristics (as a very active participant and influencer in family buying) will enable researchers to inquire them more thoroughly. From an academic perspective, a latest field of research is unwrapped to be explored.


The paper addresses the automation of the task of an epigraphist in reading and deciphering inscriptions. The automation steps include Pre-processing, Segmentation, Feature Extraction and Recognition. Preprocessing involves, enhancement of degraded ancient document images which is achieved through Spatial filtering methods, followed by binarization of the enhanced image. Segmentation is carried out using Drop Fall and Water Reservoir approaches, to obtain sampled characters. Next Gabor and Zonal features are extracted for the sampled characters, and stored as feature vectors for training. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is trained with these feature vectors and later used for classification of new test characters. Finally the classified characters are mapped to characters of modern form. The system showed good results when tested on the nearly 150 samples of ancient Kannada epigraphs from Ashoka and Hoysala periods. An average Recognition accuracy of 80.2% for Ashoka period and 75.6% for Hoysala period is achieved.


Nowadays there are several structural imbalances between the supply of the labourers in undergraduate level and the need of labour market,which lead to structural unemployment.In the angle of economic investigation,the author tends to deeply analyze the structural unemployment and the efficiency of labour market by using Beveridge Curves.The government must not only exert its function as a public terrace,but also propell the reform of educational system.Furthermore,the government should take the measures such as enlarging the positions,adjusting the industry structure and renewing the undergraduate students' idea of career,so as to resolve the social problem of unemployment of the undergraduate students.


Progress is reported for the period January 1980 through January 1983 in the following project areas: (1) imaging systems in nuclear medicine and image evaluation; and (2) methodology for quantitative evaluation of diagnostic performance. (ACR)


Pd-catalyzed reactions of butadiene, which proceed through a bis-π-allylpalladium intermediate, (η3,η3-C8H12)Pd (2), were performed in the presence of both a pronucleophile (aceto- or cyanoacetate) and an electrophile (benzaldehyde). Methyl aceto- or cyanoacetate and benzaldehyde reacted independently with 2 to give telomers 8 and the divinyl-substituted pyranes 9, respectively. In the case of methyl cyanoacetate, the co-cyclization of 2 with 2-cyano-3-phenylpropenoate (11) formed in situ also took place to afford the cyclohexane derivative 10. Namely, three kinds of amphiphilic additions of the C8-chain of 2 occurred to δ+H–Nuδ−, δ+C=Cδ−, and δ+C=Oδ− simultaneously in a one-pot reaction. The Pd-catalyzed reaction of allyl chloride, allyltributylstannane, methyl cyanoacetate, and benzaldehyde was undertaken under neutral conditions, expecting the amphiphilic reactions by the intermediacy of (η3-C3H5)2Pd (6) formed in situ. Allylation of both benzaldehyde and methyl cyanoacetate took place. Competitively a...


A cavitation test was carried out for a fuel pump designated for a liquid rocket engine. The fuel enters the pump perpendicular to the direction of the shaft. Cavitation instabilities were investigated using an accelerometer installed on the pump casing and pressure transducers placed at the inlet and the outlet of the pump. Rotating cavitation appeared at a frequency faster than the pump rotational frequency, and cavitation surge appeared at a slower frequency. Cavitation surge appeared within the range of cavitation coe ffi cients where rotating cavitation occurred. The frequencies of the rotating cavitation and the cavitation surge decreased as the cavitation coe ffi cient and fl ow rate decreased, and were proportional to the rotational speed.


To treat intelligently any and all of the pathologic conditions which may present themselves in the oral cavity the practitioner, whether he be a physician or dentist, must understand the underlying process which. is productive of these conditions, namely, inflammation. Inflammation has been defined so many times that it is now a difficult matter to select a definition that will be accepted by all. Perhaps one of the best definitions is the one propounded by Grawitz, wherein he says that "inflammation is the reaction of irritated and damaged tissues which still retain vitality." The reaction referred to by Grawitz includes a number of successive changes, commencing with stimulation or irritation and ending with suppuration or pus formation. In conjunction with, and as a result of, the process just referred to, we have a manifestation of four other important conditions, dolor, rubor, calor, tumor—pain, redness, heat and swelling. THE INFLAMMATORY PROCESS.


Enterococci are classified as Streptococcus D group. Genetic studies in the 1980s have led to the conclusion that they have enough distinction to be classified into a particular genus. Enterococci cause: urinary infections, especially in patients with catheter, in immunocompromised individuals, the infections of the biliary tract, soft tissue abscess, and wound infection. It is a relatively common cause of endocarditis, especially in people with damaged or artificial heart valve. Enterococci are the most common cause of urinary tract infections (IUT): about 10% of all and about 16% of intra-hospital IUT. In second place in frequency are intra-abdominal and pancreatic wounds, but these infections often cause multiple causes, so the assessment of the importance of enterococci in them is debatable. In third place is the bacteremia most commonly occurring in hospital conditions in immunocompromised patients who are lying long in hospitals and receiving antibiotics.


Purpose: A stapler hemorrhoidectomy (hemorrhoidopexy) does not excise hemorrhoid tissue, but instead re-positions the prolapsed hemorrhoid. We introduced a hand-sewn circumferential mucosectomy under direct vision as a new hemorrhoidectomy method and evaluated its safety and effectiveness for the surgical treatment of hemorrhoids. Methods: We performed 108 hand-sewn circumferential mucosectomies between June 2003 and December 2006. We evaluated the operating time, the postoperative course, and the complications. Pain was evaluated using a visual analog scale. Results: The mean patient age was 48 years, and the numbers of males and females were similar. The most common indication was third-degree hemorrhoids. The mean operating time was 37.7 minutes, and most operations took between 20 and 40 minutes. The average postoperative pain score was 5.0 on the day of surgery and 3.9 on the second postoperative day. The time to the first bowel movement and the length of the hospital stay averaged 1.3 and 2.5 days, respectively. The mean time to return to work was 5.2 days. There were no serious complications with the hand-sewn circumferential mucosectomy. Postoperative complications occurred in 31.5% of the cases. Urinary complications were the most common. Conclusions: A hand-sewn circumferential mucosectomy is safe for the treatment of hemorrhoids, and there are no serious complications. The operative pain, the postoperative course, the time to return to work, and the nature of complications are acceptable, although the operating time is longer. A hand-sewn circumferential mucosectomy is considered to be an effective new alternative for the surgical treatment of hemorrhoids.


This paper presents a novel spectral-spatial destriping method for hyperspectral images. The ubiquitous striping noise in hyperspectral images might degrade the quality of the imagery and bring difficulties in hyperspectral data processing. Although numerous methods have been proposed for striping noise reduction recently, most of them fail to consider the spectral correlation and spatial information of the hyperspectral images simultaneously. In order to remedy this drawback, the proposed method integrates the spectral and spatial information to remove the striping noise in the hyperspectral images. To this end, firstly, the low-rank representation (LRR) is used to take advantage of the spectral information. Then, the spatial information is included using a Huber-Markov random field (MRF) prior model, which is convex and can well preserve the edge and texture information while removing the noise. The experimental results on simulated and real hyperspectral data sets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.


In order to study the effect on growth of bacteria of some compounds served as nitrogen source, the author observed the effects of addition of these compounds by paper disc method on the synthetic agar media containing 0.1% glucose and 0.04% peptone. The species of bacteria used were Staph. aureus, Staph. albus, Sal. enteritidis, Sal. typhi 57 S and R, Sal. paratyphi A, Sal. paratyphi B, Sal. paratyphy C, Sal. typhi murium, Shigella sonnei and Shigella flexneri 2 a, which were stock-cultured in the author's laboratory. And the results were as follows. 1) The paper disc method, the author adopted, showed the advantages, in that the method could detect the effect of several nitrogen sources very easily and simultaneously. 2) In this examinations, it was beneficial for reading the effect to prepare the basal nutrient media to each species tested, so as to grow the bacteria merely around the paper disc. 3) Nicotinic acid exerted the marked effect of growth stimulation on Staphylococcus and Shigella. And cystine showed some effect of stimulation on almost all species.


Each covariant locus of a rational plane curve contributes its share toward the covariant and invariant tlleorST of rational curves of higher order by reason of the fact that osculantst of rational curves play the same role in regard to rational curves as polars do in regard to binary forms. Especially is this true of covariant points and covariant lines of the rational curve of order n (whicll we shall call Rn) because corresponding to each covariant line or point of all Rn is a series of covariant rational curves of any Rk, where D > n; the parametric equations of these covariant rational curves are easy to obtain. In tlle first section of this paper a new kind of covariant loclls is defined for Rn and illustrated by important loci associated witll tlle R4. Section II is devoted to combinant curves of the R5. The theory of combinant curves of the R5 in the plane corresponds to the invariant theory of the R6 in space; tllis correspondence is pointed out and illustrated. Finally a sufficient number of combinants and combillative sl-iCS of two line sections of tlle plane R) have been foulld to form the algebraic basis of an analytic treatment of combinant curves of the Ro in the plane, which is shown to be identical with the illvariant theory of the Ro in space.


Sub-gravel desert grassland distribution and basic charateristic were descripted detailed in this paper,Some basic datum were provided in order to protect,utilize and maitain the desert grassland eco-system well.


BY NOW, YOU KNOW if yours was among the 11 states, along with the District of Columbia, named winners in the US Department of Education's Race to the Top competition, which awarded more than $4 billion to states to support education reform plans. If not, then there's a good chance you're from a school district in one of the 35 states that applied but didn't win, or from a district that did not elect to participate in its state's application, and thus you may think that you will not be affected by the program. Not so. The changes to standards and assessments initiated by Race to the Top, plus all the investment in the planning effort that states won't want to go to waste, make it likely that even those 35 states that missed out will attempt to implement part of their plans without the additional funding. And because technology is at the core of those standards, assessments, and plans, as a CIO or tech-using educator you will feel the results. To start with, Race to the Top gave a big boost to the Common Core State Standards Initiative, which was already steaming ahead. The adoption of these national standards for math and English/language arts was a significant component of the competition. About four out of five states have signed on to the standards, with more in the wings, and they are fast becoming the de facto standards for the nation--already, publishers of all kinds are touting that their materials are aligned with them. [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] The impact of the new standards will be felt across education. Locally, they will be tied to any print or digital content, probably through a district's instructional improvement systems. At the state level, the standards will be attached to "a new generation of tests," as they were called by US Secretary of Education Arne Duncan last summer, when he set aside $350 million from the Race to the Top bucket of money to fund a competition to develop new assessments that align with 21st century curriculum and expectations. Two winners were named: the Partnership for Assessment of Readiness for College and Careers (PARCC), a consortium of 26 states, and the Smarter Balanced Assessment Consortium (SBAC), a consortium of 31 states. Many states, and the District of Columbia, are members of both consortia and eventually will choose one or the other. Both assessment systems promise to provide formative and summative tests for grades 3 to 8 and for at least one grade in high school. In addition, PARCC will develop optional performance tasks for grades K to 2. Announcing the winners, Duncan said that the new tests will account for complex student learning and "will better measure the higher-order thinking skills so vital to success in the global economy of the 21st century and the future of American prosperity. To be on track today for college and careers, students need to show that they can analyze and solve complex problems, communicate clearly, synthesize information, apply knowledge, and generalize learning to other settings." Duncan noted the importance of technology in the effort: "For the first time, state assessments will make widespread use of smart technology. They will provide students with realistic, complex performance tasks, immediate feedback, [and] computer adaptive testing, and incorporate accommodations for a range of students." Plus, PARCC and SBAC will be developing professional development tools--such as curriculum frameworks, instruction modules, and professional learning communities--to support teachers in understanding and using test results. Duncan also hopes that states will develop assessments for other core subject matter as soon as common core standards are created for those areas. But when one looks more closely at the Race to the Top proposals from the two consortia, the reliance on technology is evident. PARCC describes an assessment system that will "elicit complex demonstrations of learning and measure the full range of knowledge and skills necessary to succeed in college and 21st century careers. …


The display device driver of the present invention comprises: means for generating a plurality of gray scale display voltage operational amplifier (1015); means for selecting and outputting data according to the display gray scale display a plurality of switches (6), one voltage; and a control circuit (5) for detecting a switch (6) from a plurality of grayscale display voltages selects and outputs a gray level display voltage, thereby controlling the operational amplifier (1015). With such a structure, the display device driver to reduce power consumption of the display device.


ABSTRACT The Eastern Tianshan Orogen (Xinjiang, NW China) in the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB) is featured by its many Carboniferous-Triassic mafic-ultramafic intrusions and associated magmatic Fe-Ti-V oxide mineralization. In this study, we present the first systematic data comparison on the age and whole-rock geochemistry of the ore-forming mafic-ultramafic complexes at Yaxi, Niumaoquan, Xiangshanxi, and Weiya. Our new age dating on the Yaxi complex indicates that the mineralized gabbro (zircon SHRIMP U-Pb dated 297.3 ± 4.9 Ma) formed in the latest Carboniferous-Early Permian, similar to the diorite (LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dated 308.3 ± 8.6 Ma) and granodiorite (LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dated 304.9 ± 1.7 Ma). The Yaxi complex is the oldest late Palaeozoic mafic-ultramafic intrusion reported so far in the Eastern Tianshan. The mineralized gabbro at Yaxi contains higher average Fe2O3T (20.83 wt.%), TiO2 (5.91 wt.%), and V (523 ppm) contents than its ore-barren counterpart (7.45 wt.%, 0.99 wt.%, and 133 ppm, respectively). These Eastern Tianshan mafic rocks are mildly large ion lithophile element (LILE) enriched and high field-strength element (HFSE) depleted, and with LREE/HREE enrichment (Yaxi: (La/Yb)N = 2.7 ~ 5.37) and subtle positive Eu anomalies (Yaxi: Eu/Eu* = 0.94 to 3.31). This suggests that the Eastern Tianshan mafic-ultramafic magmas were likely derived from an arc/subduction-modified magma source. The E-W trending crustal-scale faults (e.g. the Aqikkuduk fault) may have acted as magma conduits and controlled the magma emplacement. The spatial-temporal distribution of the Eastern Tianshan Fe-Ti-V ore-forming mafic-ultramafic complexes and their petrologic and geochemical features suggest that the latest Carboniferous-Early Permian magmatic phase was likely emplaced in a collision-related compression setting following the Junggar Ocean closure, whereas the late Early Permian phase may have been related to a post-collisional orogenic setting. Graphical Abstract


Sandia National Laboratories performs R&D in structural dynamics and vibration suppression of precision applications in weapon systems, space, underwater, transportation and civil structures. Over the last decade these efforts have expanded into the areas of active vibration control and 'smart' structures and material systems, In addition, major resources have been focused towards technology to support weapon product development and agile manufacturing capability for defense and industrial applications. This paper will briefly describe the structural dynamics modeling and verification process that supports vibration control and some specific applications of these techniques to manufacturing in the areas of lithography, machine tools and flexible robotics.


Education helps people to perfect her/himself as a human being. Education and being human is an integral part, regardless of what the goal or hope for the future. Humanity becomes an important part of the mission of education. Humans are creatures who have special abilities. All things humans do come from natural gift, perfect gift of the Creator in the form of body, soul, mind, and feelings. The perfection of a human is in the nature of humanity, not in his/her efforts but rather as the Creator's gift. Human perfection in human dimension exists in human imperfection. The perfection in imperfect body is that it has weaknesses, can feel pain, has the ability and endurance limits. The perfection in vibrant soul is that it is full of passion and fragile and may die prematurely. The perfection in feelings is that it can be angry, sad, disappointed, excited. The perfection in mind is that it can think of things that constructs and ruins, creates and destroys. Education plays roles in human choices, the destruction/development of human, which destroys or builds, which kills or gives life, which creates or destroys. The education that humanizes human is the education of humanity-oriented with the education model developing for the space dimension of the development of humanity towards the highest manifestations of each dimension, space of freedom, and space for personal reflection or group.


Learning analysts often consider whether learning processes across time are related 1) to one another or 2) to learning outcomes at higher levels. For example, are a group's temporal sequences of talk (e.g., correct evaluation -> correct, new idea) during its problem solving related to its group solution? I show how to address these issues with 1) a higher-level outcome regression and 2) a lower-level process regression, applying both to 3,234 turns of talk by 80 students working in 20 groups to solve an algebra problem. The easy-to-use, outcome-level analysis of group solution score has the following problems: multicollinearity, possibly low statistical power, cannot test for links among sequence components, and cannot model outcomes at multiple levels. The complex, process-level analysis for turns of talk overcomes these shortcomings with multilevel analysis, vector auto-regression, and outcome-level regression residuals. These results suggest a combined procedure. First, run an outcome-level analysis. If the results are significant, then the outcome-level results suffice. Otherwise, non-significant results might reflect multicollinearity, which then requires a process-level analysis. This procedure can help test a comprehensive model of how learning processes or their temporal sequences are related to learning outcomes at the turn-, time period-, individual-, group-, class-, and school-levels.


To measure regional public risk scientifically and improve regional public safety,an evaluation index system is built based on fishbone diagram,which includes the indexes of ability and vulnerability.With the help of SPSS(Statistical Program for Social Sciences) software,the public safety risks for 31 provinces or municipal cities in China are calculated by using PCA,and their risks are ranked.Meanwhile,the key components affecting regional public risk are found out,which provides a good reference for risk alleviation.The result shows that there are big differences in the risk level of public safety in these areas;the components of public safety resources and support system are the most important factors affecting regional public risk,and increasing investment in infrastructure,especially in the infrastructure of social security system,can alleviate the regional public safety risk.


In this work we try to recognize some of the principal relations of similarities and differences that exist between two of the disciplines that deal with the treatment of the use of the language; of the linguistic communicationin such all that, this is, the Pragmatics and the Rhetoric. Our aim, therefore, is of making concrete the points of approximation and distancing that are given between these two matters. The methodology that we are going to follow will be it of exposing some of the principal convergences and differences that are given among the ends and aims; the theoretical exposition and the instructive approaches of the Rhetoric and the Pragmatics. We will come to the conclusion from that, actually, are not so distant the theoretical principles of those who divide both disciplines and that, even, we can venture the suitable adjustment of its theories at the moment of studying the communicative act.


The Tupi linguistic stock is one of the major genetic groups of indigenous languages in South America. It comprises ten linguistic families such as Tupi-Guarani (TG), Aweti (AW), Mawe (MA), Juruna (JU), Munduruku (MU), Arikem (AR), Tupari (TU), Monde (MO), Ramarama (RA) and Purubora (PU). The historical comparative method of historical linguistics is applied to the reconstruction of the phonological form of lexical items and of grammatical elements of proto-languages on the basis of systematic comparison of the descendant languages. This chapter presents the reconstruction of Proto-Tupi words with meanings that imply knowledge and activities associated with agriculture in Amazonia about 5,000 years ago. A wide comparison of the lexicon of the Tupi languages was published in Rodrigues 2005 and 2007b with ordered examples demonstrating the regularity of the phonetic correspondences among the families. Keywords:Arikem (AR); Aweti (AW); Juruna (JU); linguistic reconstruction; Mawe (MA); Munduruku (MU); Proto-Tupi words; Tupari (TU)


Finding the necessary digital objects on the internet poses increasing challenges, and one way to overcome this problem is to use metadata that describes digital objects in a specific way. This paper aims to explain the importance and role of metadata and metadata standards/schemes, with particular reference to metadata used to describe data sets that researchers collect, archive, and disseminate in the Social Sciences. The paper describes the metadata model developed by the Consortium of European Social Science Data Archives (CESSDA ERIC) for the digital archiving of data sets in the European Research Area (ERA).


With much higher spectral resolution, hyperspectral remote sensing data has higher potential capability to identify land cover types than traditional multispectral data. But under limited training sample size, increased dimension of remote sensing data means decreased samples/dimension ratio, which can lead to low classification accuracy if common statistic based pattern classification methods were used. One scene of EO_1 Hyperion hyperspectral data was acquired for the test site in north_east of China. In order to aid for ground true information collection, 2.5 m SPOT_5 PAN image was segmented into self_closure polygons. Detailed ground true data was surveyed according to the boundary of each polygon. Based on these ground true data, the hyperspectral data was used to validate the forest types identification accuracy of several advanced statistic classification methods. Finally, one classification scheme being able to effectively solve the small train sample problems for forest type classification using hyperspectral data was suggested. It was shown that forest type classification accuracy can be improved if advanced feature extraction method, much more effective second order statistic parameter estimation method, and context_sensitive samples classifier such as ECHO was applied.


An apparatus configured attached to the subject to detect an ECG signal of the subject. Device includes a first, second and third electrodes, the electrodes form an orthogonal configuration. By using a common electrode can obtain two channels of ECG data, it is possible to further synthesize these using vector calculation, obtain additional channels. Synthesis of the channel can be performed by a vector angle suitable to optimize the detection of various features of the ECG spectrum of the subject. The method using an implantable cardiac device with a surface mount wireless sensor is also provided, where both data is acquired from the implantable cardiac device and a surface-mounted wireless device, diagnosis and appropriate for the patient's cardiac status used for the administration of therapy. .FIELD 1


Objective To study CT findings of the intrahepatic bile duct and essential liver.Methods The clinical and CT material of the 113 cases of clonorchiasis were collected.The dilatation of Ⅱ,Ⅲ lever of intrahepatic bile duct were classified.Results 24 cases were slight degree dilated of the Ⅱ,Ⅲ lever bile duct,22 cases were light degree,31 cases were middle degree,36 cases were heavy degree.The light degree dilation of intrahepatic bile duct were found in whose clinical symptom and sign were not clear and obvious.The mid and heavy degree dilation of intrahepatic bile duct were found in those who has got abdominal pain,cold and fever,jaundice and complication.It was not relative between the calculus and dilation of intrahepatic bile duct.Dilation of intrahepatic bile duct with small piece of low density in liver essence accompany was found in 5 cases.Conclusion It would be the clonorchiasis if the minority small bile duct near liver membrane were dilated.Clinical symptom and sign are related to the dilative bile duct.CT findings of the small piece of low density essential liver and dilation of intrahepatic bile duct could be consider the inflammtory granuloma in the essential liver in clonorchiasis.


Investigation of the transport and function of the S protein of transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus (TGEV) The transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) is a member of the family Coronaviridae, which belongs to the order Nidovirales. The main surface protein S possesses two binding activities: binding to the cellular receptor, the porcine aminopeptidase N, and the binding to sialic acid residues on the cell surface. The pAPN is an ectoenzyme that is present at the apical membranes of enterocytes. In previous studies it has been shown, that the TGEV recognizes a mucin-type glycoprotein in a sialic acid-dependent fashion. In the present study the aim was to analyze the both binding activities of S protein. At first soluble forms of the TGEV S protein were generated and expressed in mammalian cells. The soluble S proteins comprising the S ectodomain connected either to the human Fc backbone or to the trimerization domain derived from the GCN4 leucine zipper were used to perform cell based binding assays. To identify the sialic acid binding activity the cells were pretreated with neuraminidase to remove the sialic acids from the cell surface. The experiments did not provide evidence for interaction of sol S proteins with sialic acids. Pretreatment of the cells with neuraminidase showed a significant increase in binding of the soluble S proteins to pAPN. Additionally, infection studies with recombinant TGE viruses, carrying mutated S protein, were performed. A tyrosin-dependent signal in the cytoplasmic tail of S protein is responsible for its intracellular localization. The generated recombinat viruses with mutations or deletions in the tyrosin motif were tested for their replication ability. The importance of the intracellular retention for the viral replication was shown. Through Inactivation of this signal by mutations or deletions in the cytoplasmic tail of S protein, no virus assembly occurs.


Albert Marcet began the discussion by asking whether the model of unemployment (extensive margin adjustment) presented could be expressed as a model of hours worked (intensive margin adjustment). He cited the example of the Hansen (1985) and Rogerson (1988) model of unemployment via lotteries, which is equivalent to a model of hours worked with a linear disutility of labor supply. Robert Hall commented that a model of wage determination with sticky wages would provide a more appealing amplifi cation mechanism for the underlying shocks of the model. He pointed to the small contribution of estimated contractionary monetary policy shocks to unemployment despite the importance of the zero lower bound. He noted that the authors' estimation attributes much of the rise in unemployment in the Great Recession to exogenous wage markup shocks that are unrelated by any mechanism to the smaller contemporaneous monetary shocks. Additionally, Hall reiterated comments by the discussants that unemployment in their model should better match the concept as it is defi ned and measured. Finally, Hall disagreed with Lawrence Christiano's comments that the unemployed agents in the model are happier than the employed agents. He emphasized that value should not be confused with utility—value includes not just today's fl ow utility but the present value of future earnings that the agent contributes to the household. The contribution of each agent to the household's value function is the right welfare measure for comparing the states of employment and unemployment. Robert Gordon, citing current experience, emphasized that unemployment is a source of considerable distress and anxiety, highlighting


In several building processes and systems currently used in social housing projects, there are many problems related to the lack of modular coordination and low connectivity between components, which result in the high incidence of waste and low productivity. This study aims to use the modular coordination and connectivity techniques in masonry with the aim of improving the performance of this construction process. The study involved a survey of the dimensions of masonry components in local manufacturers of ceramic and concrete blocks, and of blocks, window- and door-frames, and ceramic tiles in the main building material distributors from Maceio, state of Alagoas. The data collected were statistically analyzed using the SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) software. Based on that analysis, the modulation of a block masonry panel was defined considering the connectivity between the components normally used, and the components most frequently offered by suppliers in the region. This panel can be applied in the design of block masonry partitions, with or without openings, improving productivity and reducing waste in the construction process.


The Stuxnet worm emerged in 2010 and quickly became one of the most infamous malicious attacks to date. It challenged contemporary cybersecurity experts to evaluate their current approach and adapt to ever-increasing threats and issues. Moreover, for the first time, the attack caused by a computer worm left behind physical damage, classifying it, by many, as the first cyber weapon. In this paper, we assess 10year long progress in the cybersecurity field that arose from this attack. Likewise, in line with best practices, we propose reactive and proactive measures for the mitigation of omnipresent cybersecurity risks. Although the eerie presence of hackers presents constant trouble, understanding previous attacks and conducting further research is crucial to keep up with novel menaces.


We study minimality for continuous actions of abelian semigroups on compact Hausdorff spaces with a free interval. First, we give a necessary and sufficient condition for such a space to admit a minimal action of a given abelian semigroup. Further, for actions of abelian semigroups we provide a trichotomy for the topological structure of minimal sets intersecting a free interval.


: Agricultural insurance plays a key role in serving agriculture, rural areas and farmers, improving agricultural disaster prevention and mitigation, targeted poverty alleviation and Rural Revitalization. Shandong Province, as the largest agricultural province in China, has attached great importance to the development of agricultural insurance in recent years. It has continuously promoted the expansion of agricultural insurance, added products and raised the standard, further improved the guarantee system, played a great role in assisting the government to manage agriculture, sharing and serving agriculture, rural areas and farmers, and made remarkable achievements. This paper analyzes the current situation of high quality development of agricultural insurance in Shandong Province, which is characterized by the continuous expansion of insurance scale, the continuous expansion of insurance service field, the continuous improvement of disaster risk dispersion and risk prevention mechanism, and the further improvement of Agricultural Insurance Subsidy Insurance. Through further analysis of the existing problems in the high quality development of agricultural insurance in Shandong Province, this paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions for its high quality development.


Along with globalization's positive effects, there are many negative consequences. Cybercrime, cyber-war, and cyberterrorism have entered social media platforms like Twitter. Therefore, identifying opinion patterns in social media is an important research task to understand what types of conversations about terrorism case patterns occur. This study will add to the knowledge of terrorism concerns in Indonesian social media. Then we might be willing to seek guidance way earlier and avoid any conflict. We attempt to analyze Twitter data with the keyword "terrorism" based on the existing problems. We want to prove that using the FP-Growth algorithm can generate rules from terrorism-related tweets. The FP-Growth algorithm generates 75 association rules from Tweet data which was collected on November 20, 2021, with minimum support of 0.05 and minimum confidence of 0.9.


In this article, dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) was fabricated and studied using various organic dyes,
which were dissolved in three solvents viz. ethanol, double distilled water and DMSO. Furthermore,
these cells were studied using different catalytic materials as counter electrode. Differences in conversion
efficiencies were observed when used with platinum, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-
poly(styrenesulphonate)[PEDOT:PSS]-graphite and graphite as a counter electrode. Each electrons
generated from dye, after its exposure to sunlight, were injected into conduction band of semiconductor
(titanium dioxide). These electrons then were collected for load via fluorine doped tin oxide glass
electrode and arrive at counter electrode, to speed up the redox reaction with tri-iodide/iodide (I3
–/I–)
electrolyte. Firstly, high efficiencies were obtained for mixture of dyes when compared to results of
their individual dyes, thus, showing the influence of mixture of dyes. Secondly varying counter electrode
with photosensitizers viz. crystal violet B and Azur I gave conversion efficiency (η) in order platinum
≈ graphite-PEDOT: PSS > graphite.


The sector of the creative economy brings benefits to the economy, more exactly, through the cultural sector, due to the unlimited resources needed to develop – the human resources represented by their mind or talent. The industrial development and innovation lead towards many changes in the cultural industries mostly due to the digitization effect, an irreversible change in the creation of various cultural goods and services, resulting even new cultural domains and also new regulation in the cultural field. The goods and services produced by the new cultural sector "encompass artistic, aesthetic, symbolic and spiritual values (…) their system of valorisation, which includes a characteristic irreproducible, is linked to its appreciation or pleasure" makes them different from other goods and services as Throsby mentioned (UNESCO, 2009:22). This paper aims to show some positive impacts of the creative economy, highlighting social and economic aspects, such as cultural diversity, tolerance, freedom of expression of the cultural identity and by the other hand, new jobs for artists, earnings' increases, creative clusters, cultural employment etc. We will also show more clearly the activities and the occupations which concern the cultural employment and figures regarding cultural employment in Europe.


As the basic academic organization,department always changes with the development of discipline.The Geology department of Connecticut University has been founded for several years.However,with the growth of inter-disciplines and comprehensive disciplines,the development strategy for the department based on the single discipline is no longer the main direction for Connecticut University.The study analyses the process of decision making of closing geology department,and discusses how development direction of disciplines affect the fate of academic organizations.


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Agents are soft wares migrating from one node to another to fulfill the task of its owner. In Static mobile agents, agent travels on the predefined path whereas in Dynamic mobile agents, agent route is decided by the host or the agent itself, which makes security much more difficult in it. Mobile agents are not properly utilized because of security concerns. Security becomes more challenging in Dynamic mobile agents as compared to Static mobile agent. One such challenge is ‗Denial of Service', in it the malicious host may deny resources required by the agent and kill the agent, thus the result computed so far is lost and this may happen every time the agent visits any malicious host. Colored Petri Nets (CPNs) is a language for the modeling and validation of systems in which concurrency, synchronization and communication play a major role. In our previous paper we have simulated and obtained the results for static mobile agent but in real world agents are dynamic. This paper simulates dynamic mobile agent model that enables the owner of the agent to detect the malicious host. The simulation has been done using CPNs, the result clearly proves that owner can detect the malicious hosts and thus prevent Denial of service attack to occur in future


Phillips-type catalysts are responsible for the commercial production of more than one-third of all polyethylene sold worldwide. Many types of chromium-based catalysts are used in the Phillips polymerization process. Ordered mesoporous silica structures were synthesized using various surfactant species. Chromium nitrate nonahydrate (Cr(NO3)3·9H2O) complex was grafted onto the surface of pure silica and was used for ethylene polymerization. The materials were characterized using X-ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption-desorption, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. In the as-synthesized materials, Cr3+ is present as a surface species in pseudo-octahedral coordination. After calcination, Cr3+ is almost completely oxidized to Cr6+, which is anchored onto the surface in various oxidative states. The catalyst polymerization activity is dependent on the chromium loading, the pre-calcination temperature and the support properties. In particular, the chromium catalyst prepared using spherical SBA-15 is more active than the other catalysts investigated. Porous and nano-fibrous polyethylene samples were prepared using various silica-supported chromium catalytic systems. Differential scanning calorimetry results show that the melting point of samples produced with the SBA-15-supported catalyst is higher than that of samples produced with Cr/SiO2 under the same conditions, which could be related to the existence of an extended-chain structure. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry


Polythiophene@Fe3O4 (PTh@Fe3O4) nanocomposites with different morphologies were prepared via in-situ oxidative polymerization by using Fe3O4 nanoparticles with spherical and flower-like morphologie...


Confronted to unlimited three-dimensional spaces and possible higher-dimensional spaces, a hypothetical thinking is
proposed in this paper by applying the basic form of dialectics, through
physics, theology and many other field of studies, to advocate mankind to
abandon internal conflicts in order to form a united planetary civilization.


In this paper we demonstrate the detection limits of the Kestrel Fourier transform hyper-spectral imager (FTHSI) on the MightySat II.I to detect target spectra in a complex natural scene. We simulate the MightySat II.I FTHSI data using a combination of landsat TM based endmember spectra derived from a scene of La Mosquitia, Honduras and library spectra measured in the field at 3 nm spectral resolution. The TM endmember images define the mixing space to produce a simulated hyper-spectral reflectance image. Fractions define how the field measured endmember spectra are mixed in order to produce the simulated hyper-cube. The HIMP model is used to predict the radiance as observed by the FTHSI. Results indicate that this technique allows the detection of tropical camouflage in a natural tropical background when the camouflage is mixed at one tenth of one percent with an accuracy of 95.7 percent. At one percent mixing ratio the detection accuracy rises to 99.7 percent. At five percent and beyond the detection accuracy is one hundred percent. This physically-based non-linear unmixing technique is two orders of magnitude more sensitive than traditional linear unmixing or matched filtering.


Lipin 1 plays a central role in the regulation of lipid metabolism, which is crucial to maintaining systemic energy homeostasis in the body. Lipin 1 functions as a phosphatidic acid phosphatase to convert phosphatidic acid (PA) to diacylglycerol (DAG) as part of the Kennedy pathway. Phosphorylation of lipin 1 at Ser483 and Ser487 creates a phosphodegron signal that is recognized by βTRCP and promotes lipin 1 ubiquitination and degradation by the proteasome. The polybasic domain (PBD) of lipin 1 is a stretch of nine contiguous Arg and Lys residues within the central domain that are essential for interaction with PA. Mutation of these residues to Ala greatly increases protein expression of lipin 1. We show that this increase in expression is due to an increase in protein half‐life and we suggest this is due to alterations in lipin 1 ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. During proteomic analysis of lipin 1 we identified at least one Lys within the PBD as acetylated. Acetylated Lys cannot be ubiquitinated. We have previously demonstrated an interaction between lipin 1 and HDAC1 and 3 and lipin 1, and so we treated cells with Trichostatin A (TSA) to prevent the removal of acetyl groups and cause the accumulation of hyperacetylated lipin 1. We find that pre‐treatment of cells with TSA increases lipin 1 protein half‐life. We hypothesize that accumulation of acetylated Lys within the PBD may prevent lipin 1 ubiquitination and degradation. Alternatively, lipin 1 acetylation may affect stability through Lys residues outside of the PBD or through other mechanisms, such as altering phosphorylation. Understanding what regulates lipin 1 stability and its role as a magnesium‐dependent phosphatide phosphatase (PAP) enzyme in triacylglycerol synthesis is important to comprehend mechanisms involved in metabolic disorders that lead to obesity.


Since the pandemic of influenza in 1918, many cases of acute laryngotracheobronchitis have been reported under various terms. At first the picture was not clear as the condition followed both measles and influenza. It seemed to represent a phase of upper respiratory infections which vary so tremendously from year to year. Until recently the term "fulminating" was the most descriptive, as a good result could only be looked upon as an accident rather than the result of good care. Fortunately, that is no longer true.


The present invention relates to the treatment and / or prevention compositions and methods of biofilms and biofilm-related diseases. The present invention includes nanoparticulate support (NPC), and at least therapeutic agents located therein. The NPC incorporated in and bonded to the surface of the biofilm biofilm formation and accumulation of risk, while when the trigger is released, the therapeutic agent to provide localized, sustained, controlled delivery and improved. In one embodiment, the pH-responsive component comprising NPC, so that when needed the most, when the local environment should be accurately determined to deliver the therapeutic agent, capable of providing the specific delivery of therapeutic agents.


Residual antibiotics pollution has become one of the most severe environmental problems today.  Antibiotics from hospitals and drug factories represent a potential risk for human and ecological health. Therefore, it has been a high exigency to develop some efficient and cost-effective treatment methods and technologies for antibiotics removal from industrial and household contaminated water. Adsorption is one of the most utilised techniques and has many competitive advantages such as the unique properties of flexibility, effectiveness, superior performance and the robustness for consecutive cycles. The present research concerns the adsorption of two frequently used fluoroquinolone antibiotics - moxifloxacin and norfloxacin on natural zeolite - clinoptilolite and its acid-modified form from aqueous solutions. For the first time, the adsorption of the antibiotics mentioned above on the selected natural zeolite was investigated under static and dynamic conditions. Adsorption experiment under dynamic conditions carried out using the specially constructed dynamic type of laboratory equipment. The effect of the inlet concentration, the flow rate and the pH value of the antibiotic solution, also, the contact time of system zeolite/antibiotic solution on the adsorption process were examined and evaluated using the Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption models. The results showed that the highest static adsorption capacities were observed at low initial concentration - 0.2 mg/mL of antibiotic solution for both adsorbents; the highest dynamic adsorption capacities - at low flow rate - 1.5 mg/mL and low inlet concentration - 0.2 mg/mL of antibiotic solution for both adsorbents. The static adsorption capacity was up to 2.71 mg/g for moxifloxacin hydrochloride; 4.14 mg/g for norfloxacin and the dynamic adsorption capacity was up to 1.20 mg/g for moxifloxacin hydrochloride; 2.10 mg/g for norfloxacin at a neutral pH value and constant temperature of 200°C. Each antibiotic was determined quantitatively in sample solutions using the developed and validated HPLC methods with a limit of quantitation - 0.05 µg/mL. Hence, this study demonstrates and proves that natural zeolite could be an effective adsorbent for the removal of the selected antibiotics from wastewaters.


Suicide inactivation of thyroid peroxidase (TPO) by resorcinol and derivatives was previously demonstrated and this is the likely cause of reported anti-thyroid effects in humans. The enzyme inactivation and covalent binding of resorcinol moieties to TPO and the related enzyme, lactoperoxidase (LPO), were consistent with modification of catalytic amino acid residues. Similar inactivation was not observed with horseradish peroxidase, an enzyme that does not use such catalytic amino acid residues. Yeast cytochrome c peroxidase (CcP) is an enzyme in which the presence of a catalytic tryptophan residue (No. 191) has been unambiguously identified by site-directed mutagenesis. We report here evidence for suicide inactivation of CcP by resorcinol. In the presence of H 2 O 2 , resorcinol causes inactivation of enzymatic activity, loss of visible absorption at 412 nm due to the prosthetic heme group and changes in the electrospray (ES) mass spectrum of CcP. The mass spectrum, derived from maximum entropy transformation of resorcinol-inactivated CcP data, showed molecular mass shifts. The most prominent shift (ΔM = 135 Da) was consistent with addition of one resorcinol moiety and two oxidations of the protein (e.g. Met, Tyr, Trp residues). Additional smaller peaks were observed that could correspond to addition of two, three and four resorcinol units to CcP. The ES mass spectrum of the heme region was consistent with the presence of unmodified protoporphyrin IX (m/z 616) and smaller amounts of resorcinol-modified heme (m/z 724). No such changes in CcP ES mass spectra were observed in the absence of resorcinol or H 2 O 2 . These data are consistent with measurements of the covalent binding of radiolabeled resorcinol to CcP that was predominately associated with the polypeptide chain although smaller amounts of binding to the heme were also observed (∼5 :1). These studies support the proposed mechanism of suicide inactivation for CcP, and also TPO and LPO, and demonstrate the utility of ES mass spectrometry in determining enzymatic mechanisms.


This study was conducted to test the applicability of MMS to the pavement management. The data of the targeted areas for this study was acquired using MMS. Vehicle trajectory was generated using IMU, GNSS and DMI; and the information including pavement marking and road signs was effectively extracted using point clouds and image data synchronized with GNSS time, implying its applicability to road management for improving work efficiency.


The title compound C27H33NO8 crystallizes in the orthorhombic crystal class under the space group Pbca with cell parameters a = 13.775(4) Å, b = 16.389(2) Å, c = 23.085(6) Å, Z = 8, and V = 5212.6(3) Å3. The piperidine ring in the structure adopts a twist boat conformation. The bond lengths and bond angles are in good agreement with the standard values. The structure exhibits intermolecular hydrogen bond of the type C–H···O. The synthesized molecule was characterized by FT-IR, 1H-NMR, MS, and elemental analysis.


The estuary ecosystem's health and ecological integrity are essential for preserving environmental quality, habitats, and economic activity. The main objective of the present study is to comprehend the wave hydrodynamic impact on the Oued Sebou estuary, which is situated in the Kenitra region on Morocco's north Atlantic coast in North Africa. Specifically, it focused on the dredging effect (caused by sand extraction) on the wave motion and its impact on the estuary environment. Different scenarios of wave-propagation simulations were carried out, varying the significant wave height, in deep water (from 1.5 to 4 m), and considering the bathymetry before and after two dredging cases of 2- and 4-m depths. The change of wave height at the Oued Sebou estuary shoreline was simulated by using the third version of the Simulating Waves Nearshore Model (SWAN). The SWAN model formulates the wave evolution in terms of a spectral energy balance on a structured grid. The effect of dredging on the wave spreading in addition to the flow hydrodynamic structures were extensively analyzed. According to the simulated results, the dredging activities in the Oued Sebou estuary mainly affect the river mouth and the southern breakwater area, increasing the potential erosive action. The areas at the northern coastal strip and near the northern breakwater are subject to possible accumulation of sediments.


The global health crisis caused by the SARS-COV-2 pandemic, COVID 19, made necessary emergency measures of social isolation to alleviate the collapse in hospitals and the exponential transmission of the virus but, in Brazil, such measures were not enough to avoid the work overload of health professionals who work on the front lines. Thus, this article aims to debate and reflect on the mental health of health professionals in times of the COVID-19 pandemic. In order to carry out this article, an exploratory study of a qualitative nature was carried out through a bibliographic survey in the Virtual Health Library - Psychology (BVS-Psi) and Journals of the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) databases. The descriptors Mental Health AND Nurses AND Covid-19 and the descriptors Mental Health AND Physicians AND Covid-19 were used. So, 16 articles were selected for the composition of an integrative review and later a categorization of the themes was carried out: 1) risk factors related to mental health in times of pandemic and 2) coping strategies. Thus, the implications of intense work demands, experiences in situations that trigger guilt, fear and anger in the mental health of health professionals were observed, as well as the urgent need to facilitate the care of these professionals through the strengthening of health care strategies. coping. It was also understood, as some limitations, the absence of articles that addressed the situation of nursing technicians in the context of the pandemic, as well as studies that covered the reality of other regions of the country. Therefore, we consider the need for further studies to be developed to apprehend these aspects and enable a more complete understanding. ABSTRACT


A circuit and method for transmitting and receiving on-off-keyed (OOK) signals with fractional signal-to-noise ratios uses available high-temperature silicon- on-insulator (SOI) components to move computational, sensing, and actuation abilities closer to high-temperature or high-ionizing radiation environments such as vehicle engine compartments, deep-hole drilling environments, industrial control and monitoring of processes like smelting, and operations near nuclear reactors and in space. This device allows for the networking of multiple, like nodes to each other and to a central processor. It can do this with nothing more than the already in-situ power wiring of the system. The device s microprocessor allows it to make intelligent decisions within the vehicle operational loop and to effect control outputs to its associated actuators. The figure illustrates how each node converts digital serial data to OOK 18-kHz in transmit mode and vice-versa in receive mode; though operations at lower frequencies or up to a megahertz are within reason using this method and these parts. This innovation s technique modulates a DC power bus with millivolt-level signals through a MOSFET (metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor) and resistor by OOK. It receives and demodulates this signal from the DC power bus through capacitive coupling at high temperature and in high ionizing radiation environments. The demodulation of the OOK signal is accomplished by using an asynchronous quadrature detection technique realized by a quasi-discrete Fourier transform through use of the quadrature components (0 and 90 phases) of the carrier frequency as generated by the microcontroller and as a function of the selected crystal frequency driving its oscillator. The detected signal is rectified using an absolute-value circuit containing no diodes (diodes being non-operational at high temperatures), and only operational amplifiers. The absolute values of the two phases of the received signal are then summed and hard limited (digitized) by comparing them to a reference level and are then input into a microprocessor as a serial bit stream. The quasi-discrete Fourier transform is performed in high-temperature components (operational amplifiers, analog switches, resistors, and capacitors). The demodulated signal is a serial data stream that is input to the UART (universal asynchronous receiver transmitter) receiver pin of the microprocessor. The OOK of the carrier frequency uses the output of the UART pin as an enabling signal that drives the gate of the MOSFET. Logic low bits enable the carrier frequency (realized by using the 0 phase signal from the microcontroller, though either phase may be used) to be DC-coupled to the power supply bus through a current-limiting resistor mounted between the MOSFET drain and the supply rail. The presence of logic lows on the power supply rail is realized by carrier bursts while logic highs are realized by the absence of bursts.


The harmonic voltage is one of the important indexes to evaluate the supply quality,and the harmonic voltage value in GB/T 14549—93 is a common threshold.The total harmonic distortion rate as an example,the rationality of harmonic voltage threshold was evaluated from three aspects.The experimental results show that nearly all harmonic voltage level in our country can be controlled according to current GB standard.Over limited harmonic power can be decreased within the GB standard limitation for energy saving after management.Furthermore,the harmonic voltage of electrified railway can be managed to the limitation of GB standard although it is higher in some areas.


Compressed air stream 1 is cooled in exchanger 65 to form a cooling air stream 5 is compressed. The flow then is cryogenically compressed by the first compressor 50, to form a first pressurized gas stream. The first pressurized gas stream is further cooled in exchanger, it is cryogenic compressed by the second compressor, and is then cooled and partially liquefied. Cooling and partially liquefied product 56 is then supplied to the system of the distillation column (80, 81). Liquid product is removed from the system of the distillation column (80, 81) (20). The product is then pressurized (21), warmed vaporized and the exchange 65, to obtain a pressurized gas product 22. System of the distillation column is fed to the liquid feed stream from the air. .The


Many studies have been performed into the relation antibody response and protection after footand-mouth disease (FMD) vaccination (Black et al. 1984; Pay et al. 1987; Pay et al. 1992). In every study a correlation was observed with the antibodies induced by the vaccine used in the study and protection observed after challenge. In the studies the methodology was never the same, e.g. the type of cells used in the virus neutralisation test (VNT), some studies were using ELISA and the statistical analysis. For countries not in the position to perform challenge experiments a standardised relation between antibody response after FMD vaccination and protection would be very useful. In the current study we try to standardise antibody level detection for FMD type O Manisa in two different ways, first by using a standardised commercial type PrioCHECK® FMDV Type O ELISA and secondly by inclusion of a standard 4 week post vaccination serum from a cow vaccinated with Cedivac® O Manisa FMD vaccine in both the ELISA and the VNT.


This paper represents a systematic way for generation of Aaria, a simulated model for serial manipulators for the purpose of kinematic or dynamic analysis with a vast variety of structures based on Simulink SimMechanics. The proposed model can receive configuration parameters, for instance in accordance with modified Denavit-Hartenberg convention, or trajectories for its base or joints for structures with 1 to 6 degrees of freedom (DOF). The manipulator is equipped with artificial joint sensors as well as simulated Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs) on each link. The simulation output can be positions, velocities, torques, in the joint space or IMU outputs; angular velocity, linear acceleration, tool coordinates with respect to the inertial frame. This simulation model is a source of a dataset for virtual multimodal sensory data for automation of robot modeling and control designed for machine learning and deep learning approaches based on big data.


The prosopographymethodology has its place in the historiographical field of power relations between nobility and monarchy, especially in the medieval age, as well as its use in all areas of historical studies. It is a basic methodology that has undergone an update, followed by discussions of the historiographical diachronics, with a course that should be presented. The present challenges require a critical review of the benefits of applying its method, as well as of the threats that surround the conclusions eventually reached by simplifications or distortions of it. This article presents the methodology, which is still known by few in the Brazilian historiography, and adds some clarifying discussions on the advantages of undertaking the Medieval Iberian Prosopography from a position that is sufficiently detached from the commitments and links of the European academia, in the search for the medieval origins of Europe.