The first store of 85°C was founded in 2004 in a night market in Yonghe. The company targets operating compound cafe-chain restaurants that sell coffee, beverages, bread, and cakes and provide customers individual orders or assorted combos. 85°C exhibits considerable ambitions for internationalization, founded the company in Taiwan in 2005, and prepared for overseas expansion in China, Australia, and the United States in 2006. The first US-bound shop was successfully opened in Irvine, California in 2008 and 12 branches by August 2014. Chairman Wu is keen on reaching 50 retail branches and listing in the US stock market in 2016. This case study used data from customer surveys and secondary demographic data to estimate 85°C's wallet shares and the number of branches that can be feasibly opened in California.


Abstract Wind power is a major contributor in the renewable energy sector but it faces some issues regarding modern grid-code compliance. Popular wind power systems based on Doubly-Fed Induction Generators (DFIG) need additional protection under grid voltage disturbances. They also need to support the grid voltage under such transient occurrences. This paper presents a novel performance enhancement scheme for DFIGs subjected to symmetrical and asymmetrical voltage sags and swells at the Point of Common Coupling (PCC). The scheme comprises a protection system and a reactive power management system working simultaneously under the command of a supervisory control system. The protection system protects the DFIG converter by limiting the overcurrent in the Rotor Side Converter (RSC) of the DFIG and keeping the dc-link capacitor voltage within an acceptable range; whereas, the reactive power management supports the grid voltage by either injecting or absorbing reactive power to reduce the magnitude of voltage sags and swells. It is found that the performance of the DFIG wind generation system improves significantly under the proposed scheme. A grid-connected 9-MW DFIG wind farm is used for simulation in MATLAB/Simscape Power Systems.


1) Introduction to Neural Networks 2) Selection of Neutral
Networks for Solution to a Problem 3) When and Where to
Consider a Neural Network


On the basis of analysis of business environment, with business process reengineering, this paper proposes a view of business selling process reengineering (BSPR) and presents the method and the process of BSPR in detail on the basis of analysis of Taiwei Food Limited Company. Finaly, the paper analyses and assesses the effect of BSPR.


The invention provides a display screen driver for processing image data transmitted by a terminal processer. The driver comprises a data receiver, a bit width storage device, an image processing module, an image data latching unit, a data conversion module, a gamma correction module, a voltage module, a pulse width modulation module, and an image analog data output module. Besides, the display screen driver also includes a control module. The control module is started by a processor to detect whether the bit width storage device is started; and when the bit width storage device is started, the control module turns off the image processing module and the gamma correction module, the voltage module provides a corresponding grey scale voltage for the data conversion module according to the data provided for the image data register by the bit width storage device. The image analog data output module is used for receiving and outputting an analog signal.


Thin films of aluminum oxide of thickness 293–433 nm were grown on fused silica substrates by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) of an alumina target with KrF excimer laser radiation. The effects of oxygen background pressure (0.5–50 Pa) and substrate temperature of room temperature to 800 °C were investigated on thickness, crystal-structure, optical properties and thermal stability of alumina films. It was found that PLD grows a weakly crystalline aluminum oxide film at in situ substrate temperature of 800 °C and oxygen background pressure of 5 Pa. Post-deposition annealing studies of amorphous alumina sample prepared at in situ temperature of 600 °C found that crystallization starts at 800 °C and forms δ alumina phase.


Virtual Private Network framework provides Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability, Authentication and Anti- Replay services to the packets travelling through the shared medium like Internet. With the latest Advancement in the technology, Internet is available to the users thru all means like Wireless networks, GPRS, Satellite. When the VPN user roams or switches from one network to other, the IP address gets changed and VPN connection is tear down. The user has to again initiate the VPN connection whenever the network is switched. This paper present outcome of research project aimed at solving the mobility problems faced by roaming VPN users.


We show that the Cantor–Bendixson rank of a limit group is finite as well as that of a limit group of a linear group.


Susan Power Bratton draws on information from demographers, economists, ecologists, and sociologists to argue that individuals should use Christian values when dealing with the regulation of human population. In this easy-to-read analysis, the author reviews a number of issues and provides case studies and discussion questions at the end of each chapter.


Minority Depository Institutions (MDI) came into being to create pathways for economic development in racially segregated neighborhoods. The effectiveness of MDIs in accomplishing this shared mission is acutely sensitive to three factors: the economic circumstances of the racial/ethnic community they serve; the structure of governance – both the public policies that directly govern MDIs, and also the overall pattern of urban governance, including macroeconomic policy stance and targeted public investment/tax programs; and third, the evolution of financial technologies. Together, these factors shape the strategic options that MDIs have for transformative practice in the communities they serve. This study examines how the intersection of historical unfolding of inequality, governance structures, and financial technologies have shaped the "logic of reinvestment" (Chiong, Dymski, and Hernandez 2018) of MDIs through a case study of Los Angeles County. We first examine the trajectory of mortgage lending in Los Angeles, as revealed by HMDA data in the time period 1981 to 2007. Second, we implement an analysis of the legal requirements and socio-economic impacts of different federal and state lending programs linked to housing development. Third, we summarize data on MDIs in Los Angeles County from 1994 to 2018 to understand the growth of active MDIs over this period and their capacity to serve their communities. These research elements permit us to develop an innovative approach to the interlinkages of lending technologies and the role of federal and other levels of governance in shaping market and policy opportunities.


Introduction The aortic valve (AV) is characterised by a complex mechanical behaviour which is closely linked to its structural components. The central layer of the AV is rich in glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) which are responsible for the lubrication of the other two layers and play an important role in the resistance to compressive force. The biomechanics of the aortic valve has been analysed and highly anisotropic behaviour has been described and quantified, however the effect of the single components on the time dependent behaviour is still unknown. In this study the effect of glycosaminoglycans on biaxial time dependent behaviour of porcine AV was analysed and quantified.


The film 'Unfinished Sky' is a remake of the Dutch film 'De Poolse Bruid' which is partly a dramatic thriller and part tender love story.


Ed i to rIA L The Highs and Lows of Hearing Healthcare in 2013 This year, four million infants were screened for hearing loss in the United States, and four million baby boomers turned 65. Our customer base is growing, but what have we done to meet these needs in 2013? Let me start with some research high- lights. Larry E. Humes and colleagues used nonspeech psychophysical and cogni- tive tests to reasonably predict an indi- vidual's aided speech understanding in noise (Front Syst Neurosci 2013;7:55). Their research may lead to a simplified version of a set of variables for clinical prediction of hearing aid outcome, espe- cially in special populations, like those who don't speak English. Abby McCormack and Heather Fortnum asked why people fitted with hearing aids do not wear them (Int J Audiol 2013;52[5]:360- 368). They found that the perceived value, or the ratio between the hearing aid benefit and its cost, was too low. Most interestingly, Piers Dawes and col- leagues found that, like drugs, hearing aids produced significant placebo effects (Int J Audiol 2013;52[7]:472-477). The research- ers called for double-blind standard meth- odology in hearing aid trials. There have been exciting technological developments as well. Gerald Kidd Jr. and colleagues designed and tested a novel hearing aid prototype that uses eye tracking to direct the microphone array to focus on the intended speaker (J Acoust Soc Am 2013;133[3]:EL202-EL207). In addition, the new iPhone includes a Hearing Aid Mode, and a search for "hearing aid" in the App Store found 89 apps. A cell phone with an embedded hearing aid chip debuted in Germany and China. This integration trend between smartphones and hearing aids will likely revolutionize not only the hearing aid industry, but also the entire consumer electronics market. There have also been interesting trends in service delivery. The number of Costco stores with hearing booths reached almost 500 in 2013, as Bloomberg Busi- nessweek reported. Wal-Mart and Sam's Club sold plenty of hearing aids, too. In Missouri Medicine, Silverstein even called for integration of hearing service into an ophthalmology practice (2013;110[1]:41- 43)—a topic The Hearing Journal explored in our July cover story. Silverstein's first argument made sense: patients, particularly the elderly, have both sight and hearing problems that could be addressed simultaneously in the same office. His second argument raised a con- cern and several eyebrows: patients trust their ophthalmic physician and know that they receive quality care. We in the hearing field need to do a better public relations job to raise our profile. When I was writing this editorial, the U.S. government had just ended its 16-day shutdown. Although the shutdown itself had little effect on hearing care, its long-term © iStock/aydinynr By Fan-Gang Zeng, PhD effects, together with the previous sequester cuts and future uncertainties in debt ceiling and health insurance reform, can be devas- tating. The 10-percent National Institutes of Health funding rate is already a historic low. While it is encouraging to see the for- mation of the Hearing Industry Research Consortium by the six largest hearing aid manufacturers, the extent of cooperation and the level of funding aren't high. This year, the consortium received 24 "excellent" proposals but was only able to fund two—a dismal eight-percent success rate. To help support investigator-initiated projects and train the next generation of researchers and practitioners, the hearing industry needs to step up to the plate. Dr. Zeng is chairman of The Hearing Jour- nal Editorial Advisory Board, as well as director of the Center for Hearing Research and profes- sor of anatomy and neurobiology, biomedical engineering, cognitive sciences, and otolaryngology at the University of California, Irvine. Editorial Advisory Board Fan-Gang Zeng, PhD, Chairman University of California Irvine, CA SALES AND ADVERTISING Vice President, Sales Fabien Savenay Sales Director, LWW Journals Ray Lender editorial Office Managing Editor Michelle Hogan firstname.lastname@example.com Scott L. Austin, BC-HIS Willoughby Hearing Aid Centers, Inc. Oregon and Washington Executive Editor Serena Stockwell James W. Hall III, PhD Nova Southeastern University Fort Lauderdale, FL Sales Manager Tom Pitofsky 661-296-3262 (fax) firstname.lastname@example.com Careers & Events Sales Taron Butler email@example.com Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 351 West Camden St. Baltimore, MD 21201 President & CEO, Medical Research Cathy Wolfe Vice President, Global Publishing Jayne Marks Vice President, Nursing, Health & Wellness Publishing Jennifer E. Brogan www.thehearingjournal.com Editorial Assistant Paul Bufano The Hearing Journal Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 333 Seventh Avenue, 19th Floor New York, NY 10001 Nina Kraus, PhD Northwestern University Evanston, IL Deborah Price, AuD Hearing Professional Center Dallas, TX Kenneth E. Smith, PhD Hearing Center of Castro Valley Castro Valley, CA Customer Service (subscriptions only) 978-671-0449; 978-671-0460 (fax) Outside U.S. and Canada: www.lww.com Director, Publishing Theresa M. Steltzer Desktop Manager Peter Castro Production Associate Nick Strickland Manager of Circulation Deborah Benward ©2013 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form, or by any means, without the prior written permission of the Publisher. Pro- duced in the U.S.A.


In order to analyze the motion feature of the No.1 landslide at a hydropower station on Yellow River, geologic condition of the landslide area and the feature of the landslide deposit are expounded in detail, and then the formation mechanism of the landslide is discussed as well. By comparison and analysis on the land form therein, the original land form before the landslide is restored, while the formation mechanism and motion attribute of the landslide are simulated with DEM; of which the result shows that the creating speed of the landslide is higher, that coincides with that of the site investigation basically.


Disinfectant composition fast-acting, non-irritating, characterized in that it comprises, in solution in water, 5 to 20% and preferably 10 to 18% by weight of an alcohol low molecular weight, especially of an alcohol saturated short-chain C2 or C3 and at least one of the following three adjuvants, namely: - a polyol, in particular polyalkylene glycol type and more particularly propylene glycol, in an amount of 5 to 30% and preferably 10 to 20% by weight, - a surfactant, especially nonionic, in an amount of O, 1 to 5% and preferably from 1 to 2.5% by weight, - a sequestering agent at a dose of 0.5 to 10 mM / l and preferably from 0.5 to 2.5 mM / l .


Local application of a benzoyl peroxide gel was prescribed to 266 patients with acne. A good therapeutic result was seen in 70 of the 84 patients followed for 3 months or longer.


Three-dimension space-time neutron kinetics model based on nodal method was applied in the simulation of core transient analysis,and the marine power plant simulation model was built.The results of control rod dropping accident analysis show that the model can satisfy the need of real-time engineering simulation with higher efficiency,and it has remarkable advantage in simulating transient process with large local reactivity disturbance.


The purpose of this research is to describe; (1) Text-based Scientific Writing syllabus model, and (2) Text-based Scientific Writing teaching materials model. The research method used is the EDDIE model development research method. Data were collected using a questionnaire technique, for the students of the Indonesian Language and Literature Education Study Program, Jambi University, class of 2017/2018 as many as 40 respondents for the experimental class and 40 for the control class. The results of the study consisted of the syllabus and material. After being tested, it turned out that the teaching materials produced were suitable for use. Research conclusions; (1) The contents of the course syllabus for Writing Scientific Reports that are produced are in accordance with the needs of students. (2) The contents of the scientific report writing teaching materials produced from this study are very suitable to the needs of students. And (3) The syllabus and teaching materials for writing scientific reports produced in this study are feasible and effective in learning Scientific Report Writing at the Indonesian Language and Literature Education Study Program, FKIP, Jambi University.


Abstract : The High Performance Computing Modernization Program enables scientists and engineers to further the Department's objectives through research, development, test, and evaluation (RDTE 2) acquire, develop, deploy and support software applications and computational work environments that enable critical DoD research, development and test challenges to be analyzed and solved; 3) acquire, deploy, operate and maintain a communications network that enables effective access to supercomputers and to distributed ST 4) promote collaborative relationships among the DoD computational science community the national computational science community and minority serving institutions; and 5) continuously educate the research, development, test and evaluation workforce with the knowledge needed to employ computational modeling effectively and efficiently.


Increasing habitat fragmentation and rapid global warming is changing the conditions for species populations and ecological communities around the world. This presents challenges for the maintenanc ...


Video description (VD) methods use machine learning to automatically generate sentences to describe video contents. Global-description based VD (gVD) methods generates global description to provide the big picture of video scenes but they lack finer grain entities information. Meanwhile, modern entity-based VD (eVD) use deep learning to train ML models like object model (YOLOv3), human activity model (CNN), location tracking (DeepSORT) to resolve individual entity that made up the complete sentences. However, existing eVD are limited in the types of supported entities; thus, resulting in eVD generating sentences that contexts-deprived and incomplete to clearly describe video scenes. In addition, the entities resolved by eVD are isolated since they are inferred from different ML models; resulting in sentences that are not semantically cohesive; contextually and grammatically. In this paper, a two-stages ML pipeline (teVD) is proposed for a holistic and semantic-aware VD sentence generation. Firstly, a ML pipeline is designed to aggregate several high performing ML models for resolving fine grain entities to improve the accuracy of resolved entities. Second, the components in the entities set are 'stitched' together using an entity trimming method to (1) remove shadow entities and (2) to re-arrange entities based on linguistic rules to generate video descriptions that are context-aware and less ambiguous. The experimental results showed that teVD successfully improved the quality of generated sentences in short videos; achieving BLEU score of 48.01 and METEOR score of 32.80 on MSVD dataset.


The article examines the essence and peculiarities of the formation of social entrepreneurship in Ukraine. It was determined that social entrepreneurship is a qualitatively new phenomenon that arose at the junction of the social and economic systems of the country, designed to solve the dilemma of combining activities for the sake of social well-being with activities for profit. It is established that the goals of social enterprises are achieved by organizing activities based on entrepreneurship and creating a sustainable business model. It has been proven that social entrepreneurship is an innovative activity primarily aimed at solving or reducing the social problems of society under the conditions of self-sufficiency and sustainability. The author's definition of the concept of social entrepreneurship as an innovative activity that is primarily designed to solve the social needs of society under the conditions of self-sufficiency and sustainability is proposed. It has been proven that an essential stage in the activity of a social enterprise is obtaining a social effect. Social entrepreneurial activity effectively creates a competitive environment, provides jobs, and relieves tension in the labor market. It has been proven that for the effective development of social entrepreneurship on the part of the state, it is necessary to create favorable legal conditions for the activities of non-profit organizations, to develop and adopt at the national and local levels regulatory legal acts that contribute to the development of all forms of intersectoral interactions. During the study, it was established that social entrepreneurship appears as a significant factor in solving complex regional social problems, as a factor in the development of an innovative regional environment, as an additional incentive for the development of small and medium-sized entrepreneurship, and as an essential reservoir of accumulation of social capital, which contributes to the development of trust in modern society. In today's world, it is imperative to study the problems and prospects of social business, considering it as a particular sphere in the economic sector of the country.
Keywords: social entrepreneurship, charity, social good, social mission, social values, society.


Outcome of a maintenance treatment with naltrexone (350 mg/week) are examined in a sample of 365 patients with opiate dependence disorder. Treatment was followed in an outpatient facility, in a setting similar to patient's own environment. The average attendance rate was of 198 days. Six months after the onset of the treatment, 52% of the patients still remained drug-free. Results of treatment was correlated with family support, HIV, work adjustment, use of other drugs and partner using drugs.


This study investigated the existing housing through the design process for applying BIM design proposed the decision-making process. Create a checklist of BIM work problems and improve the design, so that we can reduce the time and workload required to support consultations between officials and housing design shall be utilized in the design process. First, the layout plan of the arrangement of buildings, parking and outdoor space planning, access and circulation plan, layout plan of the factors that affect natural conditions, restrictions inside the building, circulation of pedestrians and vehicles in outer space was investigated. Second, the flat plan of activities, taking into account the size of the unit was to examine the space, and how to care for the disabled and the implications discussed. Third, the elevation plan and cross-sectional height of the building, the structure was examined, ceiling height, ceiling finishes, floor finishing, finishing materials, windows, roof form was studied. BIM modeling is an important physical property, verifying the functional characteristics of the integration process in the digital environment, and wanted to associate to the construction process. In this process, BIM model data is extracted from the images and videos that the tablet PC as a Client Review was to visualize the shape of the building, the simulation was able to speed decision-making.


Introduction and Background. In diffusion MRI, the measured signal attenuation is proportional to residual spin phase incoherence due to spin motion in the direction of applied diffusion gradients, and depends implicitly on the geometry of the substrate. The Gaussian assumption of diffusion tensor MRI [1] cannot capture all the complexity of Brownian motion of water molecules inside the tissue. Diffusion techniques that can work with non-Gaussian displacement profiles are much better adept to distinguish particular microstructural features. For certain simple geometries the solution to diffusion equation is analytic [2,3] which can be readily exploited in modelling of signals in tissues approximated by finite combinations of simple geometric elements. Further, mathematical models can incorporate a variety of parameters related to diverse microstructural features, such as: cell density and radii, cell-membrane permeability, or intrinsic diffusivities [4-6]. Multicompartment models of the diffusion signal reflect that from neuronal tissues composed of cells and extracellular space [4-6]. These kinds of models provide new potential for measuring microstructure features that may prove valuable biomarkers of different pathological mechanisms. We examine multi-compartmental systems where the intra-cellular architecture and exchange between the compartments are considered. We build an analytic model that can explain cell characteristic sizes, including the nuclear size, as well as the cell-membrane permeability, the features that are suggested to be related to different tissue pathologies. For example, the nuclear-to-cell ratio is a proven marker of the tumour malignancy grade [7], while the increase in water permeability has been detected for cells of some pathological tissues [8]. Using this model, an optimized imaging design [9,10] to measure the relevant microstructure features is delivered. Using Markov Chain Monte-Carlo (MCMC) simulations, we test the feasibility of estimating the proposed model parameters, for technical settings adapted to small animal imaging. We are particularly interested in the cell sub-compartment sizes, cell density, and cell-membrane permeability. Methods. For the purposes of this study, the basic pulsed-gradient spin-echo (PGSE) imaging protocol is assumed [11]. Tissue Geometry The intracellular (IC) space consists of spherical cells of the same radii, packed uniformly inside a homogeneous substrate. All the cell nuclei are of the same radii, and are centered at cell centers. Cell-membranes and nuclear membranes are semi-permeable. We use spherical cells to avoid the extra complication of anisotropy, since the primary aim is to evaluate the ability to recover microstructure features when IC space is compartmentalized. Diffusion Model from Tissue Geometry Tissue geometry implies three distinct compartments to diffusion: semi-permeable cytoplasmic IC (ICC) and nuclear IC (ICN), and a macroscopically homogeneous and isotropic extracellular (EC) compartment. Semi-permeable membranes imply exchange of diffusing spins between the ICC and ICN, and ICC and EC compartments, on the intermediate time scale (see Fig.1). We follow the modifications of Chapman-Kolmogoroff equations [12] to define the first order differential equations describing the temporal evolution of the macroscopic magnetizations in the three compartments of this locally inhomogeneous system. For this macroscopic model, the ADC of IC sub-compartments is calculated assuming non-permeable membranes, and the permeability effects are modelled by coupling the differential equations via spin-exchange terms between the compartments (in the equations and initial conditions) [5,6,10,12]. For each macroscopic magnetization, dephasing due to the diffusion inside the corresponding compartment is modelled as a linear function of the corresponding ADC. The ADC of the EC compartment is approximated by its intrinsic diffusivity dE. The ADC of the ICN compartment resulted from the diffusion signal equation of the restricted spherical domain [2,3], of radius R, and intrinsic diffusivity dN, under the assumption of Gaussian phase distribution (GPD). The ADC of the ICC compartment (of intrinsic diffusivity dC) resulted from the diffusion signal equation of the restricted spherical shell domain [13], also under the GPD assumption. Using the theory presented in [13], we finalize the signal derivation for the case of the spherical layers of general thickness (as a complement to the presented approximation for the thin layers), and calculate the necessary signal weighting to conform to the PGSE protocol [10]. To reduce the number of parameters, we assume, in the first approximation that dN = dE. We also account for T2 relaxivities, assuming equal relaxivities in ICN and EC compartments, different from the ICC relaxivity. Macroscopic Signal Equations: Mi, fi, ADCi, ri, ki stand for the macroscopic magnetization, volume fraction, ADC, relaxivity and exchange factor for the indexed compartment, i, respectively; γ is the gyromagnetic ratio of H-proton, G and δ, the gradient strength and duration; pCN and pCE represent the probabilities for a molecule exiting the ICC compartment to enter either the ICN or EC compartment. We split the system for two different time intervals, similar to [6]: 1) from 0 to Δ (diffusion gradient separation time), and 2) from Δ to Δ+δ (assuming the echo time: TE=Δ+δ). In the first period both diffusion and relaxation terms are present, while in the second there is no diffusion term. The final signal is given as the sum of the fixed-point solutions for magnetizations in all three compartments. Experiments and Results. Protocol Optimization [9] The dependent variables were set at: fE=0.2, dN=dE=3⋅10cm2s, dC=10cm2s, rN=rE=10s, and rC=20s; P=0 or 10cms (to conform to negligible and moderate permeability, respectively), and (R,l)={(2,3),(3,2)μm}, for two different ICN-to-cell volume ratios. The normalized noise variance was σ=0.02. Maximum allowed gradient strength was 0.8 T/m, and the number of measurements was 16. MCMC Simulations We run MCMC simulations using the optimized protocols to understand how well the parameter settings can be recovered by fitting to the synthetic measurements. We run different experiments for P=0 or 10cms, in order to test the estimation accuracy for negligible and moderate permeability. Likewise, two different settings R and l were tested: (R,l)={(2,3),(3,2)}μm, simulating two different ICN to cell volume ratios: 6.4%, related to normal cell geometry; and 21.6%, associated with malignant cells [7]. For all other parameters, we assume the same true values as for optimization. The relaxivities are assumed known. The noise on the data is Rician (σ=0.02), and the initial parameter values equal to their respective optimization setting. The histograms from the MCMC are shown in Fig. 2. Also, to stress the difficulty in parameter estimation in models with exchange, we show the results (Fig. 3) of the experiments for the same model and with all parameters kept the same, but assuming no


Gold nanoclusters possess outstanding physical and chemical attributes that make them excellent scaffolds for construction of chemical and biological sensors. The paper reported synthesis of double gold nanoclusters/graphene oxide (D-GNCs/GO) and its application as a new fluorescence probe for Hg2+ detection. In the study, the amine group was introduced into GO sheets through the EDC/NHS mediated reaction to form positively charged GO sheets (GO-NH3+). After GNC@Lys was mixed with GNC@BSA to form negatively charged D-GNCs, the D-GNCs was assembled on the surface of GO-NH3+ with electrostatic interaction. The study demonstrated that the interaction between GNC@Lys and GNC@BSA increases fluorescence intensity of the GNC@BSA and leads to more sensitive fluorescence response towards Hg2+, for which the sensitivity is more than 3-fold that of single GNC@BSA. The interaction between GO and GNCs accelerates the reaction of D-GNCs/GO with Hg2+, for which the reaction rate is more than 3-fold that of single D-GNCs. Owing to prominent synergistic effects between GNC@Lys, GNC@BSA and GO, the nanosensor based on the D-GNCs/GO displays a surprisingly enhanced sensitivity and rapidity for Hg2+ detection. The fluorescence peak intensity linearly decreases with increasing Hg2+ concentration in the range of 1.0 × 10−5 to 5.0 × 10−13 M with a detection limit of 1.8 × 10−13 M (S/N = 3). The analytical method presents an obvious advantage of sensitivity, rapidity and repeatability when compared with present Hg2+ optical sensors. It has been successfully applied to detection of Hg2+ in water samples. The study also opens a new avenue for fabrication of fluorescent hybrids, which holds great potential applications in sensing, spectral encoding, bioimaging and catalysis.


DNA methylation is the covalent addition of a methyl group to the cytosines within a 5 -CpG-3 dinucleotide. More than 25 years ago, the methylation of the cytosines of the promoter sequences was shown to play an important role in the regulation of transcriptional activity of the genes [1]. Subsequently, it was suggested that methylation might contribute to tumorigenesis [2]. Today, methylation-dependent geneexpression aberrations have been demonstrated to contribute to all of the typical hallmarks of cancer [3]. At the same time, increasing evidence shows that aberrant methylation of cancerrelated genes could be used as a new target for effective early diagnosis and treatment of not only cancer but also many other diseases. Aberrant methylation of the cancer genes occurs in the early stages of carcinogenesis, and tumor DNA has long been shown to circulate in blood flow and other body fluids. That opens the possibility of early detection of the neoplastic process in simple, for example, blood-based, tests, once powerful and tumor-specific biomarkers have been discovered [4]. Furthermore, methylation changes, due to their nature, are potentially reversible, and therefore new compounds targeting the methylation changes can be used in the treatment of neoplastic disease [5]. The fundamental discoveries within both the fields of DNA methylation and genetics have occurred at the same time. However, for years, the field of methylation studies has lagged behind the developments within genetics due to the technological limitations and difficulties of methods for studies of methylation changes. The first technologies allowing for the investigation of methylation phenomenon relied on the endonucleases digesting the DNA, depending on the methylation status of the restriction site. The enzymatic digest was usually followed by Southern blotting. However, the fact that these methodologies require large amounts of DNA has been limiting their use, especially in cancer studies. Along with enzymatic approaches, at the beginning, field studies of total content of methylated cytosines in genomes were based on high-performance liquid chromatography and high-performance capillary chromatography techniques [6,7]. Those studies revealed the phenomena of the overall significant hypomethylation of cancer genomes. Currently, the protocols based on endonucleases and Southern blots are rarely used. However, methylationsensitive endonucleases digestion has been combined with real time (RT)-PCR technologies and integrated into genome-wide methylation study protocols (discussed below). The quantitative analysis of DNA methylation using RT-PCR (qAMP) technique is an example of the combination of methylation-sensitive endonuclease digestion and RT-PCR, where RT-PCR reveals a presence or absence of a digestion within the locus of interest [8]. During in vitro amplification of genomic DNA, all methylation information is lost. Therefore, in order to study methylation marks, the methylation pattern has to be preserved prior to the use of PCR. Revolutionary for the field was the use of sodium bisulfite, which allows to preserve methylation marks during PCR amplification. In principle, sodium bisulfite deaminates cytosines to uracil, while methylated cytosines remain unchanged. During the subsequent PCR amplification, retained 5-methylcytosines are amplified as cytosines, whereas thymine is incorporated at unmethylated cytosines sites. Current PCR-based methods for investigation of the methylation status of CpG sites within a locus if interest can be divided into two groups. One group of the technologies utilizes PCR for a


The discovery of the insecticidal nature of the Bacillus thuringiensis Cry toxins was a landmark in the control of insect pests and it led to the development of genetically engineered crops containing B. thuringiensis Cry toxins. B. thuringiensis transgenic cotton plants have been commercially available since 1996. Originally designed in the USA to combat the tobacco budworm, Heliothis virescens, the plants are used in Australia to combat the cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera. However a much higher tolerance towards the toxin present in the cotton plants, CrylAc, was observed in H armigera compared to H viresecens. There are many different reasons behind the various forms of insect resistance to Cry toxins. The basis of these forms of resistance is that at some point the toxin' s mode of action is impeded and the lysis of the midgut epithelium of the insect is prevented. One hypothesis that has much evidence behind it from other insects is that gut proteases are able to digest critical regions in the activated form of the toxin. This would potentially render the toxin non-functional allowing the insect to survive ingestion of the transgenic plant material. My hypothesis was that the proteases of H armigera were a factor in its higher tolerance towards CrylAc. My strategy was to determine the initial cleavage sites that were targeted in the proteolytic breakdown of CrylAc, mutate them to prevent cleavage and test if their stability and toxicity was increased in the insect gut. A more stable and toxic mutant would have supported my hypothesis. I attempted to determine the initial cleavage sites from a proteolytic breakdown of Cry lAc by H armigera gut proteases by digesting Cry lAc with the gut juice from the insect midgut. A stable CrylAc doublet of the size of activated toxin was formed. These bands were analysed by MALDI-ToF mass spectrometry to elucidate what cleavages might have occurred but this technique could not differentiate between the two. Based on data from the literature and this study, serine proteases were identified as the main class of enzyme present in the H armigera midgut. Thus the phenyalanine present at position 68 in CrylAc was chosen as a likely initial target site for the H


High-speed, digital alloy barrier-based, Al(Sb,As)/AlSb/InAs heterostructure field-effect transistors (HFETs) fabricated using a standard mesa process are demonstrated. Current gain cutoff frequencies f/sub T/ of 38.5 GHz were extracted from the measured scattering parameters for devices with a 0.6- mu m gate length and a 3- mu m source-to-drain separation. A significant output conductance depressed f/sub max/ to 40 GHz. The results show the feasibility and potential of InAs/AlSb-based HFETs for high-speed electronics applications.<<ETX>>


We study a one-sector growth model which is standard except for the presence of an externality in the production function. The set of competitive equilibria is large. It includes constant equilibria, sunspot equilibria, cyclical and chaotic equilibria, and equilibria with deterministic or stochastic regime switching. The efficient allocation is characterized by constant employment and a constant growth rate. We identify an income tax-subsidy schedule that supports the efficient allocation as the unique equilibrium outcome. That schedule has two properties: (i) it specifies the tax rate to be an increasing function of aggregate employment, and (ii) earnings are subsidized when aggregate employment is at its efficient level. The first feature eliminates inefficient, fluctuating equilibria, while the second induces agents to internalize the externality. *We have benefitted from discussions with Fernando Alvarez, Jess Benhabib, Michele Boldrin, V.V. Chari, Russell Cooper, Martin Eichenbaum, Ian Domowitz, Chris Gust, Nicola Persico, Michael Woodford, Randall Wright, and Michelle Zaharchuk, and we are grateful to Victor Valdivia for research assistance. Christiano is grateful to the National Science Foundation for financial support. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago or the Federal Reserve System. Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis


Neat well cement experience significant strength retrogression at high temperatures above 110 °C, especially at approximately 150 °C. To reveal the mechanism of performance degradation and guide the preparation of high-performance cement, we investigate the hydration process, mechanical behavior, and fracture process for well cement at the temperature of 150 °C based on molecular dynamics simulations and experiments. From triaxial pressure tests and Brazilian splitting tests, the strength, elastic modulus, and Poisson's ratio of well cement decrease drastically with temperature increases from 80 °C to 150 °C. According to XRD, TG/DTG/DSC, and SEM, the hydration degree is insufficient, and larger pores exist in the microstructures. As the main binding phase of well cement, the mechanism of calcium silicate hydrates (C-S-H) influenced by curing temperatures is investigated through molecular dynamics simulations. C-S-H with calcium/silicon ratios (C/S) of 1.1 and 1.8 are simulated in the aqueous and solid states to investigate precipitation and mechanical behaviors. By reducing the C/S ratio to 1.1, the strength rebounds to a certain extent, and the adequacy of the hydration degree improved. It is found from the polymerization process that the increasing temperature promotes the polymerization rate, which is higher with C/S = 1.8 than that of 1.1. However, an increase in the C/S ratio will lead to a decrease in bridging oxygen content, thus a lower polymerization degree. The fracture simulations of C-S-H gels at different temperatures indicate that the failure of the C-S-H structure is mainly attributed to the disassembling of the calcium oxygen layers. With a higher temperature, there are fewer Ca-O bonds breaking, thus less strain energy consumed, resulting in worse performance. The elasticity of C-S-H, including Young's and shear moduli, also exhibits certain degradations at a higher temperature. The elastic behavior of C-S-H with a low C/S ratio is generally higher than the high C/S.


Nothing better testifies to the increasingly commercialised, competitive, multi-channel realities of the contemporary TV landscape than the rise of the brand ident. When there were only a tiny handful of channels from which to choose, broadcasters seldom felt the need to pay serious attention to distinguishing their identity from that of their competitors. Perhaps even the very notion of a broadcaster possessing an identity might have seemed rather bizarre; identities being the possession of individuals, not large institutions broadcasting to mass audiences. As Celia Lury (2004) argues, however, a key element in the branding process is the acquisition by products and services of a 'personality or face' (quoted in Fanthome 2007: 267). The new marketing industries charged with cultivating human attributes for objects and services seek to achieve at least two things in any branding exercise: firstly, to distinguish the product or services from others in the marketplace that compete for consumers' attention by establishing a distinct brand identity; secondly, and as a consequence, to establish a relationship between the brand and the consumer with a view to cementing loyalty and affinity between the two. Branding idents may be regarded from this angle as short-form narratives of identity that seek to exploit similarity and difference.


(223) The values of regional uptake can be substituted in the lung clearance model given in Chapter 7. Clearance and dosimetry of a dissolved gas or vapour will usually be dominated by absorption into blood, unless there is considerable local binding to tissue. Therefore, the absorption clearance rate, Si(t) from each region i is especially important. This means that uptake feeds the absorption process at the second stage, as a dissociated material. (See Chapter 7, Fig. 21.) When the clearance rate is not known, gas or vapour uptake is usually assumed to be absorption type F. Materials that react with tissues, however, can remain bound in the tissue. Retention of bound material is treated in the clearance model. (See Chapter 7, Figs 21, 23, and 24.) The distribution of dose in the respiratory tract and other organs is determined by the combined effects of regional uptake and clearance as addressed in Chapter 8.


We propose a method for highly accurate electromagnetics-based statistical analysis and yield calculations around a space mapped nominal solution for RF and microwave circuits. Our method consists of applying a constrained Broyden-based linear input mapping approach to design, followed by an output neural mapping modeling process in which not only the responses but the design parameters and independent variable are used as inputs to the output neural network. We illustrate the accuracy of our technique using a classical synthetic problem


PURPOSE: To provide a coating material compsn. which can form a coating film having characteristic directional properties in a high brightness (whiteness) color and a coating film compsn. obtd. therefrom. CONSTITUTION: This coating material compsn. comprises (A) a titanium oxide pigment which is silicon dioxide-based small pieces coated with titanium oxide, a considerable part of silicon dioxide having been dissolved from the pieces, and is in the form of thin chips or flakes having a diameter of 1-300 μm and a thickness of 0.001-1 μm, (B) a film-forming resin, and (C) a liq. medium. The coating film compsn. is prepd. from the coating material compsn. COPYRIGHT: (C)1995,JPO


Management Unit 4 begins 5 1/2 miles northeast of the Susitna River crossing and extends across the river to approximately 3 miles southeast of the crossing. This is a highly scenic area, full of the anticipation of crossing the "Big Su." The road parallels the Susitna River along its west bank until it turns sharply east to cross the one-lane, canted bridge over the Susitna. (It is the longest bridge on the Denali Road). The traveler's views are strongly oriented toward the river, with opportunities to experience the Susitna from many varying points of view. The alignment of the road also gives the traveler a sense of anticipation in the eastbound direction as there is a dramatic change to a mountain landscape along the southern edge of the Clearwater Mountains. The dramatic Susitna River crossing is a prime recreation area, but the site 's low visual absorption capability demands sensitive development to retain the high scenic value.


ABSTRACT This study aimed to explore the everyday experience of social and occupational participation among persons with physical disabilities living in Croatia. We applied a qualitative research methodology using six semi-structured interviews and two focus groups with five participants each. Of the 15 adult participants, seven had cerebral palsy, three had a spinal cord injury and five had muscular dystrophy. Analysis of the data was conducted using a constant comparative approach through which three main themes emerged: (1) Occupational and social participation: Means for inclusion; (2) Exclusion as a consequence of occupational deprivation and social marginalization; (3) Enablers and barriers to meaningful participation. The findings shed new light on the nature of participation among this often marginalized group. Based on these findings, a tentative model was constructed to illustrate the interwoven nature of a number of components: (1) Participation as a continuum along dimensions of inclusion and exclusion; (2) Occupational participation and deprivation; (3) Social participation and marginalization; and (4) Enablers and barriers to participation. While the model represents only emerging ideas that require further confirmation, we propose it as a potentially useful starting point for ongoing discussion and investigation into occupational and social participation among persons with disabilities.


The role of gene induction (expression of HSP72 and c‐JUN proteins) and delayed ischemic cell death (in situ labeling of DNA fragmentation) have been investigated in the goat hippocampus after transient global cerebral ischemia. The animals were subjected to 20‐min ischemia (bilateral occlusion of the external carotid arteries plus bilateral jugular vein compression) and allowed to reperfuse for 2 h, and then 1, 3, and 7 days. Histological signs of cell loss were not found in the hippocampus at 2 h, 1 day, or 3 days of reperfusion. However, such an ischemic insult produced extensive, selective, and delayed degeneration in the hippocampus, as 68% of the neurons in CA1 had died at 7 days, but cell loss was not detected in CA3 and dentate gyrus fields. Concomitantly, a high percentage of TUNEL‐positive CA1 neurons (60 ± 9%, mean ± SEM) was seen at 7 days, but not at the earlier time points. Mild induction of HSP72 was detected in the goat hippocampus after ischemia. The maximum percentage of HSP72‐positive neurons (10–15%) was shown at 3 days of reperfusion and was concentrated mainly in the CA3 field, subiculum, and hilus, rather than in the CA1 field, whereas HSP72 expression was hardly detected at 7 days. At this later time point, scattered induction of nuclear c‐JUN was found in a few neurons. The results show that: 1) postischemic delayed neuronal death selectively affects the CA1 field in the goat hippocampus, a phenomenon which seems to take longer to develop than in previously reported rodent models; and 2) postischemic expression of c‐JUN does not appear to be related to cell death or survival, while the inability of most CA1 neurons to express HSP72 could contribute to neuronal death. Hippocampus 2001;11:146–156. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


During periods of rain, combined sewer systems carry urban runoff water to sewage works. Urban runoff water is different, however, from household wastewater — the usual influent of wastewater treatment systems — especially the flow and the concentrations of suspended solids and metals. The purpose of the research described herein was to examine potential effects of runoff water on a treatment system to find out if major damage to the system is likely to result from input of urban runoff. The literature on urban runoff and on qualitative, toxic, quantitative, and hydraulic shocks was reviewed, and the knowledge gained was applied to a case study based on real data collected from metropolitan Quebec City (Canada) in June 1985. Experimental data indicate that the recorded variations in flow and in quantities of suspended solids, organic matter, and nutrients in the combined system following various rain events would not dramatically affect operation of a wastewater treatment system. The same conclusion appli...


RHESSI uses nine Rotating Modulation Collimators (RMCs) for imaging, each consisting of a pair of grids mounted on the rotating spacecraft. The angular resolutions range from 2.3 arcsec to 3arcmin. The relative twist between the two grids of each pair is the most critical parameter. It must be less than 20 arcsec for the finest grid. After precision alignment, it is monitored by the Twist Monitoring System (TMS) to a few arcsec. The Sun-pointing must be known better than 0.4 arcsec for the image reconstruction. This is achieved by the Solar Aspect System (SAS), which consists of a set of three Sun sensors. Each sensor is focusing the filtered Sun light onto a linear CCD. The onboard Aspect Data Processor (ADP) selects the 6 limb positions, which over-define the pointing offset of the Sun center in respect to the imaging axis of the imager. The Roll Angle System (RAS) continuously measures the roll angle of RHESSI within arcmin accuracy. The RAS is a continuously operating CCD star scanner. The time of the passage of a star image over the CCD is recorded and defines the roll angle, comparing its pixel position and amplitude with a star map.


— Two small plates of glass are separated by a thin film of air and suspended between two support posts. Light from a coherent source is reflected from the surfaces, creating an interference pattern. An applied load changes the thickness of the film of air, which affects the interference pattern. Young's modulus can be calculated from measurements of changes in the interference fringes as a function of load.


Objectives: To study the relationship between nocturnal penile tumescence and nitrous acid concentration changes in urine at night. Methods: To detect respectively nitrous acid concentration in urine before and after sleep, while recording their nocturnal penile tumescence curve. According to nocturnal penile tumescence curve, 21volunteers were divided into normal and abnormal groups.To observe the relationship between nocturnal penile tumescence and nitrous acid concentration changes in urine at night. Results: the relationship between nocturnal penile tumescence in extent and time and nitrous acid concentration changes in urine is positive correlation .The nitrous acid concentration in urine of normal group was significantly higher than that of abnormal group(P0.05). Conclusion: the relationship between nocturnal penile tumescence in extent and time and nitrous acid concentration changes in urine is positive correlation.


A traffic tuition program was launched in two elementary schools in Gorinchem. Observations before and after showed that after the program was over the children observed the rules for crossing the road better. Six locations near the schools were studied. By using the information together with the results of interviews among children and parents the local authority was able to improve some dangerous places in the home-school routes. (TRRL)


This paper analyzes on the forming mechanism of algae pollution of raw water in water plant and its effect on making water, advances some preventing measures on algae pollution of raw water.


In relation to the pending negotiations over the establishment of a European public prosecutor's office (hereinafter, EPPO) as well as its role and structure, one often faces the question of the accountability and judicial review of the prosecutor's prosecutorial and investigative functions. More precisely, it seems that it is not clear who should exercise the review, what needs to be reviewed and when such a review should be engaged. Moreover, the draft provisions on the judicial review have been amended several times. This article is aimed at depicting the current state of the subject matter and the main issues under discussion with an emphasis on the issue of judicial review of criminal prosecution in pretrial proceedings. The starting point is the hypothesis that the EPPO's decision to initiate an investigation really represents a decision on the initiation of criminal prosecution, and as such, it needs to be subject to judicial review. This hypothesis is substantiated by the right to effective judicial review enshrined in Article 47 of the Charter of fundametnal rights of the EU, the right to judicial review in the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union and an analysis of the principle of mandatory prosecution considering the impact of investigations initiated by the EPPO on the fundamental human rights of suspected persons.


In worldwide,lakes has played a vital role in economic and social development.However,because blind exploitation of utilization and management of absence and dislocation,leading to the lake condition deteriorate.In-depth analysis the protection and management experience of the United States,Australia,the European Union and Japan lakes,including the defference of legal aspects,management system and measures,and reference into their inspiration to China.


Sri Lankan migration provides a mini-laboratory for migration scholars because of its rich diversity. The "Sri Lankan Tamil diaspora," the "Sri Lankan maid," the "Sri Lankan refugee," and the "Sri Lankan boat migration to Australia" are some examples of the diversity and complexity of the phenomenon. At present, Sri Lanka has a total of three million emigrants of which one million have permanently settled outside Sri Lanka. This permanently settled community constitutes a one to twenty diaspora to population ratio, a significantly unique ratio for any sending country. Nonetheless, a holistic understanding of Sri Lankan migration is lacking, even though selective aspects of the phenomenon have received some academic attention. This article intends to fill this gap by providing a broader overview of Sri Lankan migration since its Independence. Through a thorough review of related academic articles and fifty-one semi-structured interviews with Sri Lankan emigrants, this article summarizes the key elements of Sri Lankan migration in five main waves from Independence until today. By revealing the diversity of the Sri Lankan immigrant community and its complexity, the article suggests the importance of understanding any immigrant community holistically not only for a better scholarly understanding but also effective policy making.


We examine a novel approach for achieving frequency conversion of electromagnetic waves utilizing the dynamic compressibility of a suspension of microparticles that are driven by an acoustic wave. In particular, for resonantly driven gas bubbles in liquid, we find for small filling factors f that the acousto-optic dielectric constant is (epsilon(1)/epsilon(0)) approximately fQ(p/p(0)), where Q is the quality factor for the oscillating bubble, p is the acoustic-wave pressure, and p(0) is the ambient pressure.


The structure of the skin, with the preferential unidirectional migration of inflammatory cells from blood vessels to the dermis and eventually to the epidermis, its accessibility for biopsies and local manipulations, and the clear definition of various inflammatory disorders, makes it an ideal in vivo model organ to study mechanisms of leukocyte recruitment during inflammation. A report in this issue of the Journal studied selected inflammatory skin disorders with different well‐characterized inflammatory profiles to study the important role of the T‐cell‐attractant chemokines Mig (CXCL9) and IP‐10 (CXCL10). These chemokines are highly expressed and participate in the recruitment of CXC receptor 3 (CXCR3)+ effector T‐cells and their migration to the site of inflammatory challenge. This indicates that the chemokines Mig and IP‐10 are important mediators for T‐cell dominated inflammatory reactions in the skin. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


A hybrid network architecture using subcarrier multiplexed optical fiber (SCMOL) and coaxial cable is proposed for the access link of PCS between tiny passive radio base stations in microcells and remote central base stations. Results indicate that the required number of laser diodes, photodetectors and amount of fiber could be reduced significantly with the proposed hybrid access link compared to the point-to-point SCMOL link and the network cost would decrease proportionally.


The men of letters enjoying equal popularity, with some sort of predestined relationship, is popular in classic literature history of Chinese. To differentiate and analyse the relationship is very important to study these writers and their types of writing.


The SSA measures suspended solids and provides the papermaker with a powerful tool in pulping, papermaking and external treatment. Retention can be accurately assessed, and the thin stock can be monitored along with total concentrations and ash in the white water. In a Swedish board-mill, the SSA provided a clear picture of changes in the wet-end resulting from chemical dosages.


The single-discharge phenomena on the stationary and rotating electrodes are investigated to clarify the mechanism of the electric-discharge grinding.The discharge-current is measured by inserting the detector in the discharge circuit. Influences of the electro-static capacity of the condenser, the lead wire resistance and the inductance in the discharge circuit upon the maximum value of the discharge-circuit and the discharge duration are clarified. As the result of investigating the maximum current and the crater-diameter, it is reasonable to consider that the energy density of the discharge column at the time of the maximum current is constant.In the single-discharge on the rotating electrode, it is experimentally confirmed that the discharge column moves on the electrode and the workpiece with the speed of one-half velocity of the moving electrode.The movement of the discharge column and the forming process of the crater are investigated and it is clarified that it is reasonable to consider that the discharge column does not lengthen or curve but stands vertically on the surfaces of the workpiece and the electrode.The single-discharged crater shape and the profile curve are determined assuming that the heat source moves on the electrode and the workpiece and they correspond with the actual ones.


The article deals with the influence of language usage on the translation process. Inadequacy of language usage distorts the original and reduces the quality of the translation. anguage usage manifests in standard combinations, situation descriptions, the frequency of certain forms and categories. Differences in language usage such as ways of describing situations, selection of language units for standard combinations, quantitative characteristics of language usage in the source language and target language may cause divergence from the dictionary equivalent in the translation process.


Heat release rate of furniture is the key parameter to evaluate the building fire hazard. In this paper, single sofa has been chosen to perform full-scale fire experiments in combustion compartment according with ISO 9705 standard. Fire parameters such as heat release rate and mass loss rate have been measured. Comparing with these parameters, the relationships have been given and the conclusions are beneficial to fire safety design and numerical simulation.


Classical array signal processing algorithms used in acoustic source localization systems have been successfully used for direction of arrival(DOA)estimation in free field. In practices, array elements are mounted on some stands, which may influence received signals.Using the array model of a uniform circular microphone array(UCA) mounted on a rigid spherical baffle, the problem of direction of arrival of acoustic sources with rigid spherical baffles is discussed based on classical array signal processing and classical acoustics theory.The scattering sound field and its decomposition on the baffle are analyzed in detail based on the principles of wave propagation and scattering theory.The influence of the baffle on the UCA response is analyzed simultaneously.In the eigen-beam space derived from the decomposed sound field in spherical coordinates,bearing estimation of acoustic sources is realized by using a novel formul- ation of MUSIC algorithm.Computer simulations show that the algorithm has the ability of estimating the bearings of multi-acoustic sources and processing coherent acoustic sources with low computational load and high performance.


—Information blast makes it harder for clients to channel the substance they are keen on. This study aims to combine big data and video semantic comprehension technology to realize the recommendation of sports culture videos by exploring the semantics of video and taking advantage of multi-source heterogeneous information. The semantic structure of unstructured video data is defined first, and on this basis, Converse3D (C3D) - Connectionist Temporal Asifationon (CTC) is employed to complete the extraction of sub-action semantics and the integration of behaviour semantic sequences. In adjustment to break the botheration of low accurateness of the model for the semantic abstraction of unlabeled videos, this study proposes an unsupervised semantic abstraction adjustment based on Converse3D(C3D)-RAE, which completes the compression and affiliation of the semantic sequences and verifies the accurateness of both two models through experiments. In order to solve the problem of insufficient accuracy of video recommendation algorithms based on single video semantic similarity and topic similarity, this study comprehensively considers video semantic similarity and video topic similarity and proposes a multi-modal video recommendation algorithm. The experimental results show that the accuracy of the COMSIM-based algorithm is 7.8% higher than that of Video+ CNN + K-NearestNeighbor (KNN) and 15.9% higher than that of CLIP + CNN +Ncut+LDA.


Globally, HIV/AIDS is major killer disease and public health concern and men who have sex with men (MSM) have higher rates of HIV/AIDs and other sexually transmitted infections (STI) than women and heterosexual men. The assessment of vulnerability to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV/AIDS) infection among men who have sex with men (MSM) has long been an interesting topic to population and health researchers. The aim of this study was an effort to assess the determinant factors of preventive knowledge about HIV/AIDS infection among MSM in Rajshahi City, Bangladesh. It was a cross-sectional study with a sample size of 103 MSM. The data and necessary information were collected through a semi structured questionnaire from a drop-in center in Rajshahi City, Bangladesh. The preventive knowledge on HIV/AIDS was measured by eight different questions. Both bivariate and multivariate analyses were used to analyze the data to find the associated risk factors on HIV/AIDS among MSM. The results revealed that around half of the MSM (44.66%) were not aware HIV/AIDS infection. Respondents' education, employment status, marital status, a habit to sex with many women, using condoms, how many time MSM per week, information sources about HIV/AIDS, and having apersonal risk of HIV/AIDS infection were found significantly (p< 0.05) associated with preventive knowledge about HIV/AIDS infection. Finally, binary logistic regression model identified that education, using condoms, information sources about HIV/AIDS, and having personal risk of HIV/AIDS infection were the most prominent predictors. The MSM were not enough aware of HIV/AIDS infection. In this study strongly recommended advocacy, communication for social mobilization programs should be taken to increase the preventive knowledge about HIV/AIDS infection among MSM population. Keywords: HIV/AIDS; MSM; Sexually transmitted diseases, Binary logistic regression model


This paper presents the formulation of Wide Area Control (WAC) signals for either coordinating all the governors of the system or coordinating simultaneously both the governor and the Power System Stabilizer (PSS) of each generator. This is achieved through the development of suitable WAC signals intended for the coordination of their common input signal (rotor speed deviation) having as objective the compensation of all the local and inter-area oscillations. Furthermore, an adaptive tuning method to estimate weights for each inter-generator interaction is also presented. This is required to regulate adaptively the level of the WAC contribution to all the local controllers. The weights are computed according to the electric connectivity between the generators. For the evaluation of the proposed methods, both offline and real-time simulations are performed on the IEEE 39-bus test system. The results indicate the substantial improvement of the system's stability when the proposed governor/PSS coordination is considered. The performance of the WAC scheme is further increased when the adaptive tuning procedure is applied. Finally, the requirement of having PMUs at each generator bus is relaxed by utilizing the coherency concept.


Abstract : The purpose of this survey was to determine the extent of electromagnetic radiation hazards to explosives in storage, handling and shipping areas in the vicinity of the A.C. and W. site at Ellsworth Air Force Base, South Dakota. Field strength measurements of the main beams from the AN/ FPS-20 and AN/MPS-14 radars were made at various locations in the aforementioned areas and along the transportation route. Various electrically initiated explosive items were exposed to the main beam of the radars, following the highest terrain possible into the AN/MPS-14 radar system. It was concluded that a degree of hazard does exist along the transportation route to the munitions storage area.


The modern heading towards a purely rational understanding of the universe is by no means related to expanding the range and accuracy of empirical techniques and instruments of measure. In a way, modern science came alive when it was least needed, as emphasized by Culianu. What seems to have greatly favored it was the outcome of a bitter fight run by the Church, both Catholic and Protestant, against any use of human imagination. Defeating both popular and hermetical culture inherited from the Middle Ages and the Renaissance, the ecclesiastical power set the road for the use of more ideologically neutral quantitative measures, and prepared the ground for the sovereignty of modern experimental sciences.


The interlayer structure of braid river reservoirs is complex and the interwell prediction is difficult in offshore oil field. Taking CFD11-1 oilfield of NgⅢ sand as an example, based on layer contrasting, the interlayer is divided into muddy interlayer, clay boulder interlayer, and physical interlayer according to lithology. Under the guidance of sedimentary model, we use the geology statistical inversion method to predict the clay boulder interlayer, consistent with the dynamic characteristics of oil production which is used for the prior quality control. The results of this study can objectively reveal the characteristics of interlayer space distribution. Compared with the traditional multi-well comparison and stochastic simulation model, this method is applied to the offshore oil field which is character with wide well space, sparse well network, which has very high application value in predicting the interlayer and deploying of inter-well encryption in the similar oilfield.


The decomposition of glucose under autoclaving and storage is one of the major problems in the quality control of parenteral medication. It is well known that glucose is converted to 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural (5-HMF), thence to formic acid and levulinic acid (Heimlich & Martin, 1960). Although it had also been suggested (Taylor, Jappy & Neil, 1971) that a component intermediate between glucose and 5-HMF is responsible for the decrease in pH observed during autoclaving, the general assumption is that this decrease in pH arises rather from organic acids formed by further decomposition of 5-HMF itself. The mechanism of glucose decomposition is far from clear. By h.p.1.c. analysis of the decomposition products of glucose in aqueous solution, furfural has now been identified. Two ml of 1.0% glucose solution was sealed under oxygen or nitrogen as control in 10 ml volume ampoules. After heating at 100" for 5 days, 10 pl of each solution was analysed by h.p.1.c. From those solutions sealed under oxygen two components were separated from unchanged glucose. These had retention volumes of 10.0 and 17.4 ml. This glucose solution was extracted with diethyl ether, and the organic layer was washed with 0 . 1 ~ NaOH then with water. After evaporation to a small volume under nitrogen two well resolved peaks were obtained on gas chromatography, 5-HMF (Rt 17 min) and furfural (Rt 4 min). The latter was identified from its spectrum (Fig. 1). Its R, value (t.l.c.), retention time (h.p.1.c. and g.c.), its ultraviolet spectrum in addition, were all identical with those of an authentic sample. 5-HMF was also compared with an authentic sample. Furfural was formed from glucose or from 5-HMF


Disaster recovery system may include a plurality of resources arranged in a cloud computing environment. Each resource may be assigned to function as one or portion of the plurality of media systems in the cloud computing environment. Content intake services may be programmed to control the delivery of the receiving media assets to a cloud computing environment. Monitoring and recovery process may be programmed to monitor the primary media system received the media asset is being supplied, also, in response to sensing the disaster recovery state, monitoring and recovery process, the primary media based on the received media assets that are delivered to the system, it is possible to manage the selected resource of the plurality of resources intelligently.


PURPOSE: To obtain a compound comprising at least one (co)polymer(s) which is/are chosen from two kinds of specific polymeric materials and their salts, and useful for the (after) treatment of the surface of metal materials. CONSTITUTION: This compound is chosen from following. (A) Polymeric material having a unit of the formula I (R 1-3 are each H, 1-5C alkyl or 6-18C aryl; Y 1-4 are H, at least one of Z (part of Z is amine oxide) comprising group of formula II and III (R 7-12 are H, alkyl, aryl, hydroxy, amino, mercapto, phosphoalkyl, OH, etc.). (B) Polymeric material is obtained by the following method: The condensation-susceptible form of (A) together with a 2nd compound such as phenol, tannin, novolac resin are subjected to the condensation reaction with aldehyde and/or ketone to form a condensation prepolymer resin product. This prepolymer is further subjected to the condensation reaction with aldehyde/ ketone and secondary amine to form an additive compound. This additive is allowed to react with H 2 O 2 and neutralized with an acid to form amine oxide capable of producing NH 2 OH, which is the polymeric material (B). (C) The said compound chosen from the salts of (A) and (B) components. COPYRIGHT: (C)1989,JPO


Abstract : A soft-ground arresting system provides an economical and nondestructive means for decelerating an aircraft that would otherwise be unable to stop safely within the confines of the runway including the safety or overrun area. This report validates a mathematical model developed to predict deceleration of an aircraft as it travels through a soft-ground arresting system. Full-scale tests were conducted at the Federal Aviation Administration Technical Center using the FAA's instrumented B-727 aircraft. The speed of the aircraft entering the beds ranged from 20 to 80 knots. The dimensions of the bed were as follows: foam thickness range was from 6 to 18 inches; test bed length was from 88 to 176 feet; width was always 40 feet. In each test the deceleration experienced by the aircraft was recorded in addition to its velocity, landing gear loads, and brake torque. The results of these tests showed that actual measured parameters from the aircraft were within 10 percent of the values predicted by the mathematical model; thus validating the accuracy of this model. The 18-inch-thick foam bed provided the most effective deceleration without exceeding the stresses encountered by the aircraft during normal operation. Fire and rescue equipment can maneuver and conduct emergency operations within the foam arrestor bed without difficulty.


Shohei Kawachi 1 Keisaku Fujimoto 2 1Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Shinshu University, Nagano 390-8621, Japan; 2Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Shinshu University School of Health Sciences, Nagano 3908621, Japan Background: Dynamic lung hyperinflation (DLH) has been evaluated based on decreased inspiratory capacity (IC) during exercise load. However, this is not routinely done in clinical practice. We have developed a convenient method of metronome-paced incremental hyperventilation (MPIH) and reported its usefulness. In the present study, we compared these two methods for evaluating DLH and examined whether our MPIH method can be used to predict DLH during exercise. Methods: DLH was measured by MPIH and constant load exercise (CLE) in 35 patients with stable COPD. DLH was defined as the most decreased IC (IClowest) and the most decreases in IC from IC at rest (−IClowest), and we compared between these two methods. Results: The IClowest in CLE and the −IClowest in MPIH were significantly lower in emphysemadominant COPD than in emphysema-nondominant COPD. Both IClowest and −IClowest showed significant correlations between the two methods (r = 0.67, p < 0.01 and r = 0.44, p < 0.01, respectively). The endurance time of CLE was significantly correlated with IClowest following MPIH (r = 0.62, p<0.01) but notwith that obtained by theCLEmethod. Furthermore, the IClowest of MPIH was more significantly correlated with endurance time in emphysema-dominant COPD. Weak but significant correlations between the −IClowest obtained by each method and maximum modified Borg scale were observed (MPIH: r = 0.38, p = 0.02; CLE: r = 0.37, p = 0.03). Conclusion: The MPIH method may be a convenient method to predict exercise tolerance and dyspnea as a clinically useful synergic screening surrogate for DLH during exercise.


The present invention discloses a non-social pollution drug fertilizer for preventing wireworm and underground pest and the relative technics process; the drug fertilizer consists of the following components according to the weight ratio: 1-10 percent of bitter bean, 1-10 percent of cattle heart Preserving Simplicity, 1-10 percent of azedarach fruit, 1-3 percent of carapace or chitosan, 0.5-2 percent of salicylic acid or natrium salicylicum, 1-3 percent of Chlopyrifos or phoxim, 1-5 percent of diffusing agent, 1-5 percent of surface active agent, 1-10 percent of adhesive agent, 5-15 percent of disintegrant, 5-20 percent of micro fertilizer, 10-50 percent of corrupted acid; wherein, the weight ratio of all components is 100 percent. The drug fertilizer in the present invention integrates nutrient, improving soil and preventing pest together, which has much better immunity, prevention and curing effect to the wireworm and underground pest. The present invention can realize the purpose for ''detoxification to the soil and epidemic prevention to the crops'', decrease the use quantity for fertilizer and venomous pesticide and enhance the biological stress for the soil and crops. The present invention does not leave in the crop and pollute the environment. The present invention can accelerate the growth for the crops, decrease the pests in the crops, increase the output and improve the quality.


We investigate boundary value problems for a coupled system of nonlinear fractional differential equations involving Caputo derivative in Banach spaces. A generalized singular type coupled Gronwall inequality system is given to obtain an important a priori bound. Existence results are obtained by using fixed point theorems and an example is given to illustrate the results.


I review previous models of the speed at which parent birds should fly when delivering food to their young. Norberg gives a graphical method of finding a parent's best flight speed. This speed maximizes the overall rate at which energy is delivered to the young. An alternative assumption is that a parent maximizes the net rate of delivery of energy. I suggest that in general we cannot distinguish between net rate and overall rate on the basis of whether the parent feeds itself. The best way to distinguish between these currencies may be to use qualitative predictions. I present new results on the effect of a constraint on energy expenditure on the parent's optimal speed. I show that the optimal speed when foraging should be less than the optimal speed when traveling. I also analyse the advantage to a parent of flying faster than the maximum range speed and evaluate previous empirical studies of the speed at which parent birds fly. Only one study claims that parent birds fly at the speed identified by Norberg, but I raise doubts about this claim.


A team of gastrointestinal surgeons in India has called for mandatory enforcement of the World Health Organization's surgical safety checklist across the country, after implementing it in their own department and observing lower postoperative complications and mortality.

The surgeons at the Sir Ganga Ram Hospital in New Delhi documented a mortality rate of 10% among patients whose operations followed standard hospital safety protocols, compared with 5.7% among patients managed under the WHO surgical safety checklist.1

Their study is thought to be the first randomised controlled trial on surgical outcomes from a developing country. The 20 month study period covered a variety of gastrointestinal procedures, including bile duct excisions and hepatic resections, duodenal and gastric perforation repairs, small bowel resections and anastomoses, and laparascopic, open, and radical …


This article studies the problem of stability analysis for a class of networked control systems (NCS), whose control gain is assumed to be known. A switched delay system model is obtained based on the event-time-driven scheme. To solve the stability problem of the new NCS model, a new approach based on the Lyapunov functional exponential estimation method is introduced. By using this method, sufficient conditions are developed to guarantee exponential stability of the considered system. The results obtained may be less conservative than the existing ones from the perspective of maximum allowable transfer interval because the unavailable time is considered in this article. An example is given to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.


We describe a synthesis of an α-unsubstituted
1,4-dihydropyridine 10 and its 1,2-dihydro isomer, and crystal
structures of 10 and some by-products 5 and 6 obtained during the
ring synthesis.


The gut peristaltic movement, a wave‐like propagation of a local contraction, is important for the transportation and digestion of ingested materials. Among three types of cells, the enteric nervous system (ENS), smooth muscle cells, and interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs), the ICCs have been thought to act as a pacemaker, and therefore it is important to decipher the cellular functions of ICCs to further our understanding of gut peristalsis. c‐Kit, a tyrosine kinase receptor, has widely been used as a marker for ICCs. Most studies with ICCs have been conducted in mammals using commercially available anti‐c‐Kit antibody. Recently, the chicken embryonic gut has emerged as a powerful model to study gut peristalsis. However, since the anti‐c‐Kit antibody for mammals does not work for chickens, cellular mechanisms by which ICCs are regulated have largely been unexplored. Here, we report a newly raised polyclonal antibody against the chicken c‐Kit protein. The specificity of the antibody was validated by both western blotting analyses and immunocytochemistry. Co‐immunostaining with the new antibody and anti‐α smooth muscle actin (αSMA) antibody successfully visualized ICCs in the chicken developing hindgut in the circular muscle and longitudinal muscle layers. As previously shown in mice, common progenitors of ICCs and smooth muscle cells at early stages were double positive for αSMA and c‐Kit, and at later stages, differentiated ICCs and smooth muscle cells exhibited only c‐Kit and αSMA, respectively. A novel ICC population was also found that radially extended from the submucosal layer to the circular muscle layer. Furthermore, the new antibody delineated individual ICCs in a cleared hindgut. The antibody newly developed in this study will facilitate the study of peristaltic movement in chicken embryos.


22-24 May 1995, Enschede, The Netherlands Course on R&D Programme Evaluation, organized by the Centre for Studies of Science, Technology and Society and the Centre for Advanced Education at the University of Twente. Contact: University of Twente, Centre for Advanced Education, Postbus 217,7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands. Fax: +3153 309995 . 1-3 June 1995, Reykjavik, Iceland Eighth COMNET European Forum. Contact: Mrs Tania Loultcheff, COMNET Office, Quai Banning 6, B-4000 Liege, Belgium. Tel: +3241528085. Fax: +3241 534097.


The optimal ordering and pricing strategies when the reseller attends B2B electronic marketplace is investigated and the closed-form solutions to the reseller's optimal strategies are derived.Then,the reseller's performances and strategies with and without attending the B2B electronic marketplace are compared by using some numerical examples.The result shows that B2B electronic marketplace exposes the reseller to more risks,and attending the B2B electronic marketplace can not always make the reseller's utility better.Moreo- ver,our study finds that the reseller who attends the B2B electronic marketplace would set a lower retail price and order more products from the manufacturer than the reseller who does not use the B2B electronic market- place.


The media play an integral role in communicating political information from elected official to citizen. Most research examining the relationship between media coverage and governors focuses on campaigns and concludes that the media at times do not always portray campaign messages accurately for female candidates (Kahn 1994; Devitt 2002). Very little is known about how the media cover sitting governors much less whether the reporting varies by gender. We address this gap in the scholarship and examine the degree to which the media represent accurately governors' policy agendas - specifically those outlined in a governor's most visible speech, their annual state of the state address. To execute this analysis, we content analyze annual state of the state addresses from 2007 through 2011 and the resultant newspaper coverage. We also analyze gubernatorial press releases regarding their speeches. We find that media coverage of governors' addresses is largely faithful to the original message and that female reporters are slightly more accurate in their coverage than male reporters.


Distributed data processing frameworks such as Hadoop, Tez, Spark, and Flink are exclusively used by public cloud tenants for executing large scale data analytics applications in various domains including but not limited to content management, financial sector, healthcare etc. These frameworks slice a job into a number of smaller tasks, which are then executed by a job scheduler on a multi-node compute cluster. While making scheduling decisions, the State-of-art schedulers employed in these frameworks assume hardware resources such as CPU, disk I/O and network I/O to offer a fixed service rate. However, in a public cloud environment, many of these resources are associated with burstable service rates. More specifically, the resources offer a guaranteed baseline service rate with an option to burst above their baseline rate by expending accumulated burst credits. Being unaware about this underlying hardware burstability, schedulers tend to make sub-optimal task placement decisions, thereby adversely affecting the job completion times, leading to higher deployment costs.In this paper, we propose CASH, a burst credit aware scheduler, which is cognizant about the burst credits associated with the individual hardware resources in the public cloud cluster. Through coarse grained task annotations depicting the burst credit demand of individual tasks and dynamically monitoring the credits for the underlying resources, CASH performs optimal task placement decisions. We prototype CASH on YARN, Hadoop, and Tez, and extensively evaluate it using both batch and streaming workloads. Our experimental results with CASH show CPU-credit based instances, like AWS T3, are a viable cost effective alternative when compared to self-managed offerings like Amazon EMR, for running large scale batch workloads. Furthermore, we demonstrate that CASH can accelerate streaming SQL queries on a large Hive database by up to 39.4% , leading to public cloud cost savings by up to 22%.


Employee silence refers to the intentional withholding of ideas, suggestions and problem issues, based on certain motives, from others who may influence the decision. Several contextual factors of an organization may result in employee silence. The current study tries to find out the relationship between perceived organizational politics, an important contextual factor, with employee silence behavior. This study focuses on the important motives behind employee silence in a context of organizational politics. Also, it investigates whether trust in supervisor could manipulate this relationship or not. The findings suggest a positive relationship between organizational politics and employee silence motives. Moreover, it suggests that employees do withhold information due to relational, diffident, defensive, disengaged, ineffectual and deviant motives in a political environment. Trust in supervisor did not hold for a moderation effect on this relationship. Further, the implications of this research and future directions have been discussed.


This work is concerned with the derivation of a robust a posteriori error estimator for a discontinuous Galerkin method discretisation of linear non-stationary convection-diffusion initial/boundary value problems and with the implementation of a corresponding adaptive algorithm. More specifically, we derive a posteriori bounds for the error in the $L^2(H^1)$-type norm for an interior penalty discontinuous Galerkin (dG) discretisation in space and a backward Euler discretisation in time. An important feature of the estimator is robustness with respect to the P\'{e}clet number of the problem which is verified in practice by a series of numerical experiments. Finally, an adaptive algorithm is proposed utilising the error estimator. Optimal rate of convergence of the adaptive algorithm is observed in a number of test problems.


The basic cost of electricity, especially in Indonesian households, has increased in recent years, reaching Rp. 1,467.28 per kilo Watt h in the present day. In this study, we will analyze the electricity consumption of households by calculating the intensity of energy consumption. The average electricity usage in the households of 22 respondents in the Pisma Asri housing complex, Indonesia, ranged from 250 to 450 kilo Watt h, at an average monthly cost of approximately Rp 250,000-600,000. The average electricity intensity (2-5 kilo Watt h/m2) was below 10 kilo Watt h/m2, within reasonable limits. Air conditioners hadthe highest electricity consumption, accounting for 31% of the average electricity usage, followed by refrigerator sand lighting bulbs, which accounted for 26% and 14% of the electricity usage, respectively. From these results, we recommend some measures with which households can reduce their energy consumption and be relieved from some of the burdensome costs imposed by electricity supply companies.


This article discusses Nahda intellectual Buṭrus al-Bustānī's public and pedagogic writings. It focuses on the nationalist pamphlets, the Nafīr Sūrriya, written in the wake of the first sectarian–civil war, and his translation of Defoe's Robinson Crusoe, both published in Beirut in 1860. I analyze Bustānī's politico-theological and economic thought by looking at the nexus of debt, guilt, love, and mercy that he draws out in the Nafīr. The article argues that Bustānī's nation is inaugurated into a "guilt-history" and eternally faced with the task of confronting the mercy of debt and the un-requitable debt of mercy. Nationality in this specific sociohistorical context became a form of artifice that in a postlapsarian age requires religion, labor, and exchange to survive as a social contract. The "civil war" exemplified a return to a state of nature that could only be amended by a return to the laws of nature and the seeking of refuge under the name of one God and one religion, diyāna. The social contract, articulated in these terms, could only be sealed through the recognition of natural laws as the foundation provided by God himself, while politics remained concealed under the folds of political theology.


The invention relates to a non-woven wall paper, in particular to a long fiber non-woven wall paper raw paper and the preparation method and the non-woven wall paper prepared in the method. The long fiber non-woven wall paper raw paper comprises fiber pulp material and adhesive agent, wherein the fiber pulp material comprise wood pulp fiber and functional fiber, the weight proportion between the wood pulp fiber and the functional fiber adopts 0 to 95 percent to 5 to 100 percent, and the adhesive agent occupies 1 to 10 percent of the total weight of the raw paper; the functional fiber at least contains a functional fiber which fineness is 0.8 to 25 D, and which length is 15 to 60 mm. The surface of the wall paper in the invention presents natural stripes, the outer appearance is artistic, and further treatment is not required. Simultaneously, during the wall paper product processing, no shrinkage and moist feeling occur, the paper uncover is complete, and the paper flexibility is good. The wall paper product adopting flame-resistant fiber can be burnt on the fire source, the fire is extinguished after leaving the fire source, and the non-woven wall paper has a good flame-resistant performance.


As everyone knows water quality directly affects the development of the oil- field.Poor quality water can be directly blocked reservoir percolation end,resulting in reducing the injectivity of well and increasing the injection pressure.Therefore intensified the further exacerbating the heterogeneity of reservoir.In this paper through analysis on detection of the injected-water,make the laboratory evaluation of the damage to the formation. The three indexes SS/d/O of the injected-water all exceed the standard and the damage rate is as high as40 % and 85 % when injection volume are 40 PV and 100 PV.The evaluation result is that water blocked seriously.Simulation of UTWID 6.0 called decision system of field water-flood was used to calculate the contaminated radius and absorbing capacity of the injection well at the standard of injected water in place.The results showed that absorbing capacity of the injection well maintained at 330 days,namely the blocking cycle was at best of 330 days,which had a half-life of 100 days,pollution radius of 2.0 m,and provides a basis for the next step in improving the effect of water injection.


To further promote the zinc recovery in Chehe Mineral Processing Plant, based on the current zinc flotation flowsheet the feed for lead\|zinc separation is divided into two grades: +0\^074 mm and -0\^074 mm for zinc flotation respectively by the technique of grading flotation. The results show that, by grading flotation, the zinc recovery is 96\^29%, about 4% higher than that by the original no\|grading flotation, while there is little difference between the grades of zinc concentrate from the two flowsheets.


I discuss the masses of chiral partners in the context of chiral symmetry restoration at finite temperature. Using the Nambu–Jona-Lasinio model I first remind the usual situation where two mesons of opposed parity become degenerate above the chiral transition temperature. Then I consider an effective theory for D mesons where the positive parity companion presents a "double pole structure". In this case three different masses need to be analyzed as functions of the temperature. I suggest a possible restoration pattern at high temperatures when the back-reaction of the quark condensate is incorporated.


In the August 1988 issue of the ACM SIGSOFT, Will Tracz, in his "Software Reuse Maxims" 1 , argued (quoting M. Shaw's words) that Software Reuse will become the Expert Systems of th e 1990's. If it's true that, lately, Software Reuse has created a hype analogous to the one for Exper t Systems in the early 80's, then it's worth to wait and see whether early software reuse will experience the expert system shells craze of the late 80's. Actually, the idea has been around for some time now 2 and, definitely, early software reuse has bein g practiced since the first reusable software analysts, designers and engineers were invented. Reusin g software at the earlier stages of its development, i .e. when it is still in the form of specifications, o r designs is an intuitively appealing approach, mainly because of its big added value and its relativ e independence from implementation details. It is well known that requirements specification and design are probably the most labour-intensive, time-consuming, error-prone activities in softwar e development and therefore specifications and designs incorporate a significant added value. On th e other hand, a specification and even a design will be ridden of all those implementation dependen t characteristics that make code so difficult to be reused. If we define the relative benefit from the reus e of software as added value of reused produc t relative reuse benefit = it is reasonable to expect that the benefits from reusing software at its early stages will be significant , provided that we manage to reduce the effort required. Interestingly, the challenge of early softwar e reuse has already been taken by large corporations like MCC 3 with encouraging results up to date. The major problem with reuse is, however, that it's not merely a technical problem 4°5. Reuse (and incidentally every activity that is related to software) must be consciously planned by the developers. Put it otherwise, tools, formalisms and techniques for reusing software will be as effective to th e extent that the software practioners decide to use them. In contrast to the people-oriented S/W reuse, most of the current approaches are focusing their effort s in producing tools that automate the process of reuse as possible. This is made possible due to th e rapid advances in CASE technology in the last years, which made available to the software practioner …


The problems of pattern cutting as applied to flexible elastic mesh fabrics (lace) are described within the context of the total manufacturing process. While the design and knitting stages of lace manufacture are highly computerised, providing associated benefits, the cutting room operates with conventional, slow, labour intensive machinery, leading to substantial processing bottlenecks and dependent costs. A new system is presented which uses machine vision to determine the required cutting path on the lace fabric in real‐time via sophisticated, yet high speed, image processing algorithms. The determined cutting path data are used to direct a high speed CO2 laser beam to the correct cutting point with beam velocities of typically 6 m/sec. Simultaneous dual edge cutting is now possible using this new system, leading to lace throughput being increased by a factor of ten typically, with the possibility of processing more sophisticated designs and achieving higher cut edge quality.


Medulloblastoma comprises approximately 20% of all primary pediatric brain tumors. Despite recent advances, the survival rate for high‐risk patients and the morbidity associated with these treatments remains suboptimal. To improve outcomes and decrease morbidity, more targeted therapy is required. One possible target is the Aurora Kinase family. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of Aurora Kinase A inhibition in medulloblastoma cell lines.