In view of the defects of safety monitoring and comprehensive audit in information network boundaries of State Grid Corporation of China(SGCC), a kind of security audit technology based on one-class support vector machine(OCSVM) is proposed for the security audit of user access behavior. Firstly, feature selection, syntax parsing of SQL statements and numerical processing of audit log are completed to obtain the feature vector of user behavior, which can be trained and identified by OCSVM. Then the audit logs that reflect the rules of normal behavior in the long-term operation of the database are used as the OCSVM's training input, after the training to obtain the OCSVM classifier, so as to construct the detection pattern library of user behavior. Finally, we use the OCSVM classifier to detect the abnormal behavior of database operations, and realize the security audit of database user access behavior.


Automotive vertical door opening system (AVDOS) refers to car or truck door that opens upward instead of outward like conventional cars on the road. Compared with conventional doors, the AVDOS provides easier access to the car in small spaces and, in turn, allows less parking area for cars. The main focus of this work was to propose a new design for the AVDOS. That design overcomes some drawbacks of the available vertical door design. It offers access/egress without the side movement that available design use. It also provides an easier access into a car that is in a tighter spot. It can also be able to open/close the doors without having to hard push or slam the doors. It is safer and less cost. In case of a rollover emergency egress may be easier and more secure than the available design. Keyword : Vertical doors, Design, Mechanism, Gas spring, Gear, Development.


A summary is given of the outline of the preparation technique of Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films as a tool to construct man-made molecular assemblies which are of potential use in molecular electronics. The conductive Langmuir-Blodgett films are briefly reviewed as representing the recent endeavors of developing novel functional materials in the form of ultrathin films. The analytical model of flow orientation is touched upon as an example of the quantitative approach to the dynamic aspects of the LB preparation technique.


Institutionalization has been taken as a myth for a long time though there is tons of literature on curriculum change, which is largely due to the paradoxical nature of the institutionalization stage. This neo-institutional analysis shows that the obstacles of the institutionalization of curriculum change are the double-core structure of educational system, the inter-dependence among various institutions, and the expensive costs of institutional change. However, the changing forces come from the interactions between fast-moving and slow-moving institutions, institutional potentiality and actuality, and social structure and individual agency. These findings renew our understandings of some fundamental problems about the institutionalization of curriculum change.


Nowadays, with the increasing number of mobile internet technology, operators like AT&T and Telcom are faced with huge pressure on the increasing number of operating expenses with much less growth in their income. Such growth would require more and more base stations to support user needs which would be really expensive to deploy and manage. Cloud Radio Access Network (C-RAN) is an innovative new architecture that tries to meet such needs by centralizing the base stations and providing a cooperative solution between multiple operators. Such technology comes with minimal cost, high energy efficiency, and centralized network architecture that attracted a lot of attention in both academia and industry. To that extent, this paper strives to review the basics of C-RAN, virtualization, resource allocation advances and the current challenges that need to be solved before such system comes to practice. We present the main architecture, structures and network components in order for the reader to understand the later advances. Then we go through network virtualization and its solutions in such systems including Network Function Virtualization (NFV) and Software Defined Networking (SDN). Resource allocation advances are also discussed with multiple objectives that are application and network specific. Furthermore, we discuss some of the currently faced challenges in C-RAN implementation which reduces its possibility of being deployed in practice. The latter discussion introduces the expected research problems in such system that need to be resolved before such system comes to practice.


This paper presents a scheme for solving the problem of broken characters in Thai character recognition systems. The proposed scheme consists of two main steps namely: broken character identification and connection of broken characters. There are two techniques used to identify broken characters as follows: 1) an overlapping area and 2) character code. The specific characteristics of Thai characters are also employed in the scheme such as position of the head, leg and endpoint of characters. The experimental results show that the scheme can identify and repair broken characters both in normal and bold font efficiently. The recognition rate of commercially available software is improved significantly. Key-Words: Broken characters, Thai character, Character recognition, Vertical broken, Character code


This work discusses a policy maker-student relation taking into account educational standards, asymmetric information and incentives for students to study well. The problems discussed are the characteristics of developing countries. To define educational standards is not enough for an efficient educational system. Supervision is desired to minimize moral hazard and not to loose the best students. Especially in developing countries where there is no flexible loan market, the state financing of students who are studying well could be an appropriate incentive for students to study with more enthusiasm and do their best to keep their position in the University.


The Cascadia subduction zone is a young subduction zone with associated volcanic activity but with no history of large thrust earthquakes associated with it as is characteristic of other subduction zones. This has led to questions about the potential for great earthquakes associated with this subduction. The seismic potential associated with this subduction has been investigated in this study by examining and comparing the number of shallow earthquakes with magnitude >6 which have occurred in different subduction zones since 1910. This examination shows that all subduction zones exhibit a higher level of activity than Cascadia. Furthermore, two of these zones with similar rates of plate motion and age at subduction, the Rivera plate and southwest Japan, have not only experienced great earthquakes but show a higher rate of activity than the Cascadia zone. The activity rate in subduction zones with predominantly aseismic slip is also higher than the activity rate in the Cascadia zone. Earthquake activity in the rupture zones of great earthquakes both before and after the occurrence of great earthquakes is higher than the activity rate in the Cascadia zone. These results therefore suggest that the low rate of activity in the Cascadia zone is unusual and supports the idea that the subduction here is different and that perhaps the potential for great earthquakes cannot be extrapolated simply on the basis of certain similarities between the Cascadia zone and other subduction zones with a history of great earthquakes. The low rate of earthquake activity in the Cascadia zone can, however, be explained on the basis of the combined effect of low rate of plate motion, significant aseismic subduction, and young age at subduction. The activity rate in the Cascadia zone is consistent with the activity rates in other subduction zones if it is assumed that much of the plate motion is accommodated aseismically. The seismic slip rate associated with this subduction zone is a small fraction of the rate of plate motion, and therefore even if the potential for great earthquakes may exist, the return period for great earthquakes will be much longer (2 or 3 times) than in other zones with similar characteristics such as the Rivera plate or southwest Japan.


The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has severely affected millions of people including children. Un-like adults, most infected children have a milder course and appear to have better outcomes overall. Clinical spectrum of the disease ranged from asymptomatic infection to severe illness and ultimately death. 1,2 Overall prevalence of death from COVID-19 was 20% (18 – 23%), and of those that died, 85% were aged (cid:1) 60 years. 3 The mortality rate was 0.18% in hospitalized children with COVID-19. 1 The death of a child is one of the most stressful incidents that parents and siblings can experience. Interventions for bereaved families following the death of a child have been studied over the past few decades. However, there is little evidence to support any rationale for determining optimal interventions for bereaved parents and siblings. 4 In this article, we present a spiritual prescription to support bereaved parents who have lost a child for any reason, including COVID-19 infection to draw attention to the importance of spiritual support for bereaved parents. Facilitating the " good death, " an


For complex 2 × 2 matrices M, points of degeneracy (D), and chiral points (C) where the eigenvectors are circularly polarized, coincide whenM is symmetric, and often lie close together when M is not symmetric. This proximity is explained statistically, by averaging over an ensemble in which the elements of M are random complex numbers: the standard deviation of the separation between C and D points is less than half the separation of the two D points. If the departure from symmetry is treated as a perturbation of strength e ,t he separation between C and D points is of order e 2 ; the probability distribution of the separation is calculated.


Objective To evaluate the endovascular treatment of deep venous thrombosis (DVT)by surgery combined with intervention.Method This study enrolled 76 patients with lower extremity deep venous thrombosis.Under the surveillance of DSA(digital subtraction angiography),inferior vena cava filter was first placed,then surgical thrombectomy,combined with a temporary femoral artery and vein fistula were performed accordingly.Angiography was followed immediately to observe whether there were residual thrombosis and iliac vein lesions.For the removal of residual thrombus,double-lumen tube thrombectomy or large bore sheath suck thrombectomy were applied.In cases in which iliac vein stenosis was greater than 60%,an angioplasty is indicated,in which iliac vein stent placement was performed in 62 cases.ResultStent implantation technical success rate was 100% ,one patient died of rupture of ascending lumbar vein.71 patients were followed up,in which 60 patients with iliac vein stent.After a follow-up of 3-30 months (averaged at 21 months),lower limb swelling significantly eased in 65 patients.Six cases suffered from recurrent thrombosis (8.45%,6/71) in which thrombosis found in the stent in 4 cases (6.66%,4/60),stent displacement found in 6 cases (10.0%,6/60),stent fracture in 1 case (1.66%,1/60).Conclusion Under the surveillance of DSA,thrombectomy combined with iliac vein stent improves vein patency rate,which is the mainstay of the treatment for lower extremity deep venous thrombosis.

Key words:
Venous thrombosis; Angioplasty; Venous thrombectomy


The purpose of this study was to determine factors that influence the lipoprotein distribution of cyclosporine (CSA). Cyclosporine is an immunosuppressant drug that has been effective in preventing graft rejection but the use of cyclosporine is limited by its renal toxicity. The majority of the cyclosporine (-95%) is found in the high density lipoprotein (HDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) fractions with the remainder in the very low density lipoprotein fraction (VLDL) following incubation in human plasma. It has been clinically observed that patients with hypertriglyceridemia show decreases in CSA activity while in hypocholesterolemic patients, increases in CSA toxicity occur. Such dyslipidemias represent changes in lipoprotein lipid concentration and composition which may result in changes in the lipoprotein distribution of CSA. We studied such changes and found that as lipid concentration of LDL and VLDL increased, more CSA was found to be associated with this lipoprotein fraction. A parallel decrease in CSA was found to be associated with HDL when the triglyceride concentration of HDL was increased. Another factor that was found to affect the lipoprotein distribution of cyclosporine was cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), which is normally involved in the exchange of cholesteryl ester for triglyceride between HDL and LDL or VLDL. The transfer of CSA from LDL to HDL was shown to be dependent on CETP activity while the reciprocal transfer was independent of CETP.


This article explores the efficacy of two approaches to the study of source credibility. The factor approach and its criticisms are reviewed. The functional approach is explained and methods are presented which were developed for operationalizing the approach. A study is reported which compared the two approaches in explaining a multiple‐act set of responses to a speaker. The results indicate that although the factor scales predicted responses to the source, a multidimensional interpretation of the scales did not seem warranted. The functional approach was equally predictive of responses, and with suggested refinements was concluded to be a viable alternative model for studying source credibility.


Wind-induced noise causes many problems for unattended noise monitoring. This is especially true for the monitoring of low-frequency artillery blast noise. The wind noise can effectively mask the blasts and cause an abundance of false threshold events. This paper outlines the development of a real-time system capable of detecting blasts within wind noise while rejecting nonacoustic noise events caused by the wind. The system uses a combination of spectral and correlation methods to achieve the discrimination. Performance testing shows that detection and rejection rates of 97 percent can be achieved. {copyright} {ital 1996 Institute of Noise Control Engineering}


The purpose of this study was to investigate whether depressed patients not responding to tricyclic antidepressants (TCA) would respond on addition of 30–60 mg mianserin. Thirty-seven in- and out-patients still fulfilling DSM-HI criteria for a major depressive episode after at least 4 weeks of treatment with 150 mg TCA were randomly allocated to two groups receiving in addition either mianserin or placebo. The study was conducted double-blind and lasted for 3 weeks. There was a significantly better improvement in the mianserin-TCA group than in the placebo-TCA group after 3 weeks of treatment as measured on the Montgomery-Asberg's Depression Scale and the Global Assessment Scale. There were no differences in side effects between the two groups. Three patients did not complete the study. Our data indicate that mianserin may be added to a tricyclic antidepressant in non-responders with improved antidepressive effect and that this is a safe strategy for augmentation therapy with regard to side effects.


Green infrastructure has acquired greater importance in recent years in relation to climate change adaptation. Green infrastructure planning has been identified as a new and innovative means of land planning that can contribute to preventing the impacts of climate change. However, this has been explored more thoroughly in urban areas than at the regional scale. The present study proposes a methodology including multi-criteria evaluation techniques for assessing the ESS involved in the fight against climate change and for the spatial planning of multifunctional green infrastructure areas based on the results of this assessment. Application of the methodology for green infrastructure planning aimed at confronting climate change at landscape level in the region of Galicia (NW Spain) successfully delimited multifunctional green infrastructure zones. Results show that delimited zones have a higher provision potential for more ESS than protected natural areas and areas that are not part of the green infrastructure.


In the first of a six part series providing a guide to key safety practices, Annette Rawstrone sets the scene and explores the current challenges


The aim of this empirical investigation is to analyse the role of associations in the development of intervention on children with autism in Iasi. Research methodology is a qualitative fieldwork based on observation and semi-structured interview. Professionals from two NGOs and a special school and parents of children with autism were interviewed. Research results show that associations have set up establishment of specialized structures, adapted to children with autism care. The development of these services was achieved through financial and logistical support received from outside, by attracting local authorities who provided locations, conducting awareness campaigns and fundraising etc. If before the parents of children with autism were desperate they did not know where to go, now they have several alternatives after receiving the diagnosis. The study concludes that the transition from resigned and submissive attitude of Romanian Government to provide a small financial support for families in an active attitude in which the emphasis is on development of educational and behavioural methods social integration of people with autism was made possible by the development of the NGO sector.


LINKS TO INDUSTRYKUALA LUMPUR, MALAYSIA-- Buoyed by the vision of Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad, Malaysia is developing a Multimedia Super Corridor that it hopes will rival Silicon Valley in 2020 and beyond. As part of that effort, university scientists are scrambling to link up with global corporate leaders in computer graphics and animation, educational software, and information technology.


Assessment is defined as a term, which encompasses a range of methods, or tools that educators use to measure, evaluate, and document the academic readiness, learning progress, skill acquisition, or educational students' needs. In our context, it is an issue stated in the National Curriculum Guidelines (2014). Therefore, teachers are in charge of assessing students' English performance in order to ensure the B1 level they are supposed to get at the end of their studies. Despite of this background, through a previous analysis it was determined as a problem that the assessment process does not reflect the students' real English performance since their school-grade records seems to be good, but their capability to produce the language denies this fact. Hence, this study focuses on making a diagnosis of how summative and formative assessment are being applied in the English teaching and learning process at Unidad Educativa "Vicente Anda Aguirre". In order to achieve the objectives set, one English teacher and 40 students from Primer Ano de Bachillerato "A" were taken as a population. The type of study developed is qualitative with an exploratory level; while, the qualitative method employed is ethnographic. In addition, non-participatory observation technique was used since the researcher played a passive role; and two observation guides were applied in order to collect trustable information. The research results are shown by: a description of how the assessment process is being carried out, and a contrastive analysis between the students' school grades and their real English communicative competence.


Advances in silicon processing technology have made CMOS pow er amplifiers a feasible option for wireless communication applications. Compared to the compoundsemiconductor counterparts, CMOS PAs become increasingly a ttractive due to their lower cost and higher level of integration. The continued sc aling of CMOS technology further extends the cut-off frequency of CMOS devices up t o several hundred GHz, which makes the realization of high performance millim eter-wave CMOS PA a possibility. On the other hand, due to the low breakdown vol tage of scaled CMOS and the lossy silicon substrate, the requirement to simulta neously achieve high output power, high linearity, and a wide power control range mak es it very challenging for conventional PAs to maintain good efficiency, especiall y t back-off power levels. The first focus of this thesis is the implementation of an outp hasing PA with dynamic power control (DPC), which addresses the efficiencyli earity trade-off, especially at power back-off. With DPC, segments of the PA are turned on or off dynamically according to the instantaneous power level. Th is technique has been experimentally demonstrated with a 2.4 GHz fully-integrat ed watt-level outphasing class-D PA in 45 nm CMOS. With DPC, average PAE is improved from 1 2% to 16% at 24.8 dBm average output power, and from 5% to 12% at 20.5 dBm ou tput power. The second focus addresses the design of high performance PA s in the millimeterwave regime. Various PA and combiner topologies are explore d to optimize output power and efficiency. Specifically, a 45 GHz 2-stage class-B P A in SiGe BiCMOS is implemented which achieved 26% peak PAE at 16.6 dBm CW output po wer. In addition, a transmission line based zero-degree power combin er topology is proposed and analyzed. Using this combiner, a 45 GHz 16-way combined c ascoded classE PA is designed in a 45 nm SOI CMOS process. Simulation results indicate the feasibility of achieving watt-level output power with high PAE with the proposed topology.


The genus Leucinodella Strand (1918) is reported from Laos for the first time, with a new species, Leucinodella banthaensis n. sp., and one newly recorded species, Leucinodella leucostola (Hampson, 1896). A key to Leucinodella species in Laos is provided, with illustrations of adults and genitalia.


Abstract : The current program has two major thrusts: i.e., the development and refinement of practical low-cost, robust, narrowband, and variable-rate speech algorithms and voice terminal structures; and the establishment of an experimental wideband satellite network as a unique facility for the realistic investigation of voice/data networking strategies. This report covers work in the following areas: filter bank vocoder development; design study a high-speed, easily programmable, research-oriented speech processor; design and implementation of compact, modular packet voice terminals and local access area facilities; the design and implementation of a miniconcentrator facility to mediate the flow of local access area traffic onto a wideband channel; and experimental definition and planning for the wideband network.


The ubiquitousness of mobile devices in recent years has led to an ever‐growing interest in mobile networks. One such example is represented by opportunistic networks, which are composed of mobile devices that interact in a store‐carry‐and‐forward fashion. A mobile node stores data and carries it around; when it encounters another node, it may decide to forward the data if the encountered node is the destination or has a better chance of bringing the data closer to the destination. If the encountered node is likely to have a contact with the destination sooner than the data carrier, the data should be forwarded, in order for it to reach its destination with a lower delivery latency. Because nodes in opportunistic networks are carried by humans, their mobility plays a very important role in the behaviour of the network. Therefore, predicting a node's interactions and mobility patterns is paramount to the implementation of efficient routing algorithms. Thus, in this paper we present a mobile interaction trace collected at the University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest in the spring of 2012 and analyse it in terms of the predictability of encounters and contact durations. We show that there is a regular pattern in the contact history of a node and we prove that by modelling the time series as a Poisson distribution (with the number of contacts being the Poisson events in a fixed one‐hour interval), we can efficiently predict the number of contacts per time unit in the future. These assumptions are demonstrated both on the trace presented here, as well as on a trace recorded in a different environment, showing that predictability doesn't happen only in strict and controlled situations. Moreover, we analyse the predictability of an opportunistic node's sightings of wireless access points, which can help us discover a user's patterns and behaviour. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


This paper introduces main history of dome structure system, and some outstanding dome structure projects and new types as well. Moreover, dome structures are classified according to the latest research. Furthermore, analysis methods of shell domes and tension domes are discussed mainly and the latest development is presented. Finally, their construction procedures are introduced briefly. [


Effects of particle size of the zinc sulfide concentrate, leaching temperature, solid-to-liquid ratio and additive amount on pressure acid leaching process of the zinc sulfide concentrate were studied. The results indicate that the additive can improve the reaction kinetics and the conversion rate. And sulfur can be successfully separated from the zinc sulfide concentrate as elemental sulfur. The reasonable experiment parameters are obtained as follows: the leaching temperature 150 °C, oxygen partial pressure 1 MPa, additive amount 1%, solid-to-liquid ratio 1:4, leaching time 2 h, initial sulfuric acid concentration 15%, and particle size less than 44 μm. Under the optimum conditions, the leaching rate of the zinc can reach 95% and the reduction rate of the sulfur can reach 90%.


With the arrival in 1980 of Yann Lemee, the homosexual lover who becomes Yann Andrea (Steiner), the topic of homosexuality begins to assert itself in Duras's work. La Maladie de la mort , controversial with respect to its representation of AIDS, remains associated with a negative view of homosexuality, supported by certain homophobic remarks made by Duras at the time. However, in light of criticism of 'homocentrism', another vision of homosexuality has developed. The focus of this paper is where to situate this rupture and how to interpret it. Indeed, a homo-sexuality seems to be emerging as a concept, keeping its distance from the sexual label, which diminishes its status as other but not necessarily different. Without denying the inappropriate remarks of Duras, we will seek to understand what the homo-sexual could represent and if the concept should be linked to the desire to dispense with all identity and tied to a new gender, as incarnated by another character, Ernesto


With the High Acceptance Di-Electron Spectrometer (HADES) at GSI we have studied dilepton production in the few-GeV energy regime in various collisions systems, from elementary NN , over pA, up to the medium-heavy Ar+KCl system. We have thus confirmed the puzzling results of the former DLS collaboration at the Bevalac. While we have traced the origin of the excess pair yield in CC collisions to elementary pp and pn processes, in our Ar+KCl data a contribution from the dense phase of the collision has been identified. Together with the ee pairs, we have also obtained in the Ar+KCl system at 1.76 AGeV a high-statistics data set on open and hidden strangeness, i.e. K, K S , Λ, φ, and Ξ, allowing for a comprehensive discussion of strangeness production in this system.


Metal-responsive triplex-forming oligonucleotides (TFOs) were synthesised by incorporating 5-hydroxyuracil (UOH) nucleobases as metal recognition sites. Binding of the UOH-containing TFO to the target natural DNA duplexes was reversibly regulated by the addition and removal of GdIII ions under isothermal conditions.


The invention relates to a UPS topology circuit comprising a PFC/conversion module used for receiving AC input from a mains supply and DC input from a battery and carrying out power factor correction of the AC input and DC/DC conversion of the DC input, a bus switching and decoupling module used for changing the bus capacitor hanging mode to realize single-bus and double-bus topology switching and to provide current flow paths for the AC input and the DC input, and an inverter module used for converting the DC voltage output by the bus switching and decoupling module into AC voltage and outputting the AC voltage. Through the bus switching and decoupling module, the UPS topology circuit can be switched between single-bus UPS topology and double-bus UPS topology, so that consideration can be given to the advantages of both single-bus UPS topology and double-bus UPS topology.


A portable wireless snoring monitoring system is designed. The system consists of a slave and a host, in which the slave plays the roles of data collecting, processing and sending, and the host undertakes the functions of data reception, analysis, storage and touch display. The design can effectively makes up some shortcomings of the current professional medical snore monitoring, and also fills the market blank of the home snore monitoring equipment. The test results indicate that the system has high accuracy, stability and practicability, and thereby can be widely promoted.


The ability that one system immediately affects another one by using local measurements is regarded as quantum steering, which can be detected by various steering criteria. Recently, Mondal et al. [Phys. Rev. A 98, 052330 (2018)] derived the complementarity relations of coherence steering criteria, and revealed that the quantum steering of a system can be observed through the average coherence of a subsystem. Here, we experimentally verify the complementarity relations between quantum steering criteria by employing two-photon Bell-like states and three Pauli operators. The results demonstrate that if prepared quantum states can violate two setting coherence steering criteria and turn out to be steerable states, then they cannot violate the complementary settings criteria. Three measurement settings inequalities, which establish a set of complementarity relations between these two coherence steering criteria, are always obeyed by all prepared quantum states in experiment. In addition, we experimentally certify that the strengths of coherence steering criteria depend on the choice of coherence measure. In comparison with two setting coherence steering criteria based on ${l}_{1}$ norm of coherence and relative entropy of coherence, our experimental results show that the steering criterion based on skew information of coherence is the strongest in detecting the steerability of two-photon Bell-like states. Thus, our experimental demonstration can deepen the understanding of the relation between the quantum steering and quantum coherence.


Three types of ion-selective electrodes: PVC membrane, modified carbon paste (CPE), and coated graphite electrodes (CGE) have been constructed for determining paroxetine hydrochloride (Prx). The electrodes are based on the ion pair of paroxetine with sodium tetraphenylborate (NaTPB) using dibutyl phthalate as plasticizing solvent. Fast, stable and potentiometric response was obtained over the concentration range of 1.1×10−5–1×10−2 mol L−1 with low detection limit of 6.9×10−6 mol L−1 and slope of a 56.7±0.3mV decade−1 for PVC membrane electrode, the concentration range of 2×10−5–1×10−2 mol L−1 with low detection limit of 1.2×10−5 mol L−1 and slope of a 57.7±0.6 mV decade−1 for CPE, and the concentration range of 2×10−5–1×10−2 mol L−1 with low detection limit of 8.9×10−6 mol L−1 and slope of a 56.1±0.1 mV decade−1 for CGE. The proposed electrodes display good selectivity for paroxetine with respect to a number of common inorganic and organic species. The electrodes were successfully applied to the potentiometric determination of paroxetine hydrochloride in its pure state, its pharmaceutical preparation, human urine and plasma.


Background: Clinically,Locally advanced breast cancer is a challenge because majority of patients develop distant metastases even after receiving the recommended therapy. Advanced breast cancer locally defined as large tumours size (> 5 cm), involvement of the overlying skin, invasion of chest wall, palpable axillary nodal (matted or fixed), or internal mammary and infraclavicular, or supraclavicular nodal involvement, as well as inflammatory carcinomas. The prognosis for locally advanced breast cancers depends on tumour size, the extent of lymph node involvement, and histological classification. Objective: This study aimed to discuss locally advanced mucin-producing breast cancer. Case report: Oncology Department referred a 27-year-old lady with a right breast lump that had been enlarging for more than two years to the surgical clinic because she was apprehensive about undergoing diagnostic tests. Physical examination revealed that she had no palpable mass in her right axilla and that her right nipple was entirely distorted and not even identifiable within the lump. The tumour totally replaced the right breast and was around 15 cm long. Conclusion: Treatment coordination between medical oncology, surgical oncology, and plastic surgery is crucial in all instances of advanced breast cancer locally. Uncommon in young individuals, locally advanced breast mucinous carcinoma is a rare kind of cancer breast.


. We consider the problem of estimating the intensity func- tion of a cyclic Poisson process. We suppose that only a single realization of the cyclic Poisson process is observed within a bounded 'window', and our aim is to estimate consistently the intensity function at a given point. A nearest neighbor estimator of the intensity function is proposed, and we show that our estimator is L2-consistent, as the window expands.AMS 2010 subject classifications: 62E20, 62G05, 62G20.Key words and phrases: cyclic Poisson process, cyclic intensity function, nonparametric estimation, nearest neighbor estimator, period, consis- tency, L2-convergence.


We show here that CO2 partial pressure (pCO2) and temperature significantly interact on coral physiology. The effects of increased pCO2 and temperature on photosynthesis, respiration and calcification rates were investigated in the scleractinian coral Stylophora pistillata. Cuttings were exposed to temperatures of 25°C or 28°C and to pCO2 values of ca. 460 or 760 μatm for 5 weeks. The contents of chlorophyll c2 and protein remained constant throughout the experiment, while the chlorophyll a content was significantly affected by temperature, and was higher under the 'high‐temperature–high‐pCO2' condition. The cell‐specific density was higher at 'high pCO2' than at 'normal pCO2' (1.7 vs. 1.4). The net photosynthesis normalized per unit protein was affected by both temperature and pCO2, whereas respiration was not affected by the treatments. Calcification decreased by 50% when temperature and pCO2 were both elevated. Calcification under normal temperature did not change in response to an increased pCO2. This is not in agreement with numerous published papers that describe a negative relationship between marine calcification and CO2. The confounding effect of temperature has the potential to explain a large portion of the variability of the relationship between calcification and pCO2 reported in the literature, and warrants a re‐evaluation of the projected decrease of marine calcification by the year 2100.


Objective : to analyze the features of the pattern of lymphocyte subpopulations and the functional activity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in older adult patients with chronic kidney disease. Materials and methods . The study featured 21 patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), over 55 years of age, who underwent kidney transplantation (KT) from unrelated suboptimal donors. The average age was 61.4 ± 4.5 years (55 to 69). Comorbidity was assessed using the CIRS-G scale; the average number of points was 13.6 ± 5.09. The control group consisted of 21 volunteers, aged 55–70, without acute inflammatory diseases and signs of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The average age was 61.1 ± 4.4 years, the average CIRS-G score was 12.11 ± 6.04. In all patients, the pattern of lymphocyte subpopulations of peripheral blood was evaluated by flow cytometry. Vital computer laser cytomorphometry was used to assess the functional state of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The Functional Activities Index (FAI) was evaluated to indirectly assess the degree of functional activity of cells. Results . In CKD patients before KT, there was a decrease in the proportion of CD4 cells (p = 0.009), an increase in the proportion of CD8 cells (p = 0.02), a decrease in the CD4/CD8 ratio (p = 0.017), an increase in the proportion of natural killers (p = 0.025) compared with healthy volunteers. Moreover, a decrease in the total proportion of CD3 cells, an increase in HLA-DR expression on CD3 cells, and an increase in the proportion of B cells were statistically insignificant: p = 0.137, p = 0.072 and p = 0.135, respectively. On the fifth day after KT, the proportion of CD3 cells increased (p = 0.017) mainly due to an increase in the proportion of CD4 cells (p = 0.002) compared to the pre- KT index. The proportion of natural killers (p = 0.002) and HLA-DR expression on CD3 cells (p < 0.0001) also increased. An increase in the proportion of CD8 cells and in the CD4/CD8 ratio, and a decrease in the proportion of B cells were statistically insignificant: p = 0.439, p = 0.277, and p = 0.236, respectively. A decrease in FAI was noted in patients with CKD before KT in comparison with healthy volunteers (p = 0.0138). After ATP, this indicator significantly increased compared to the pre-KT value (p < 0.0001) and exceeded the FAI value in healthy volunteers (p < 0.0001). In healthy volunteers, there was no significant correlation between the functional activity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and age (r = –0.263 [95% CI –0.6236; 0.1907], p = 0.264, r2 = 0.069). At the same time, significant negative correlation between FAI and age was noted in CKD patients: r = –0.52 [95% CI –0.7771; –0.1135], p = 0.0157, r2 = 0.27 before KT; r = –0.418 [95% CI –0.7559; –0.06256], p = 0.0272, r2 = 0.175 after KT. Conclusion . Older adult CKD patients before and after KT were likely to have significant changes in the morphofunctional state of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and pattern of lymphocyte subpopulations. Moreover, the severity of changes in the functional state of these cells had a strong correlation with age, which was not observed in the group of healthy volunteers. This should be considered when choosing immunosuppressive therapy in older kidney transplant recipients.


A highly diastereoselective conjugate reduction using SmI2 and D2O has been demonstrated on a homochiral benzylidene diketopiperazine template, giving methyl (2S,3R)-N-acetyl-2-amino-2,3-dideuterio-3-phenylpropionate in 93% de and 90% ee after deprotection, hydrolysis and N-acetylation.


Methodology
A comprehensive review of studies examining radiation-induced hemorrhagic cystitis was performed using PubMed, Medline, and the Cochrane Library database. The bibliographies of relevant articles were searched to avoid exclusion of meaningful articles. Where available, focus was given to systematic reviews and comparative studies; however, due to a lack of high-quality evidence, case series were included and made up the majority of articles included. All articles were reviewed using the evidence-based medicine levels, with a modified Oxford grading system for recommendations.


Satellites reveal an increase in gross primary production in a greenlandic high arctic fen 1992–2008 T. Tagesson, M. Mastepanov, M. P. Tamstorf, L. Eklundh, P. Schubert, A. Ekberg, C. Sigsgaard, T. R. Christensen, and L. Ström Department of Earth and Ecosystem Sciences, Lund University, Sölvegatan 12, 223 62 Lund, Sweden Department for Arctic Environment, National Environmental Research Institute, Frederiksborgvej 399, Roskilde, 4000, Denmark Institute of Geography and Geology, University of Copenhagen, Øster Voldgade 10, 1350 Copenhagen, Denmark. Received: 14 January 2010 – Accepted: 8 February 2010 – Published: 16 February 2010 Correspondence to: T. Tagesson (email@example.com) Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union.


This chapter examines adjustment, stabilization, and liberalization in the economies of transition since the late 1980s and early 1990s, especially China, Russia, and other states in the former Soviet Union and Eastern Europe. They are of interest to any treatise on developing countries because virtually all (except high-income Slovenia and Hong Kong) are middle-income economies. The experience of transitional economies demonstrates in starkest fashion some of the prospects and problems from economic liberalization and reform for the less-developed countries (LDCs) of Africa, Asia, and Latin America, which have undergone painful institutional and structural adjustments to reform their economies. Often, however, these changes have been less abrupt and the consequences less astounding than in Russia and Eastern Europe. In 1960, a confident Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev, while at a summit meeting with President Dwight D. Eisenhower in the United States, boasted that "we will bury you" and predicted that Soviets would be more prosperous than Americans by 1980. However, the Soviet Union suffered through stagnation during the 1970s and early 1980s, so that, according to Abram Bergson (1991:29–44), in 1985, when Communist Party leader Mikhail Gorbachev came to power, consumption per capita in the Soviet Union was only about 29 percent of that in the United States.


The endocrine pancreas of the channel catfish is segregated into a large primary islet and numerous smaller secondary islets. In view of cell distribution differences in mammalian islets of ventral and dorsal primordia, we have determined the percentage volumes of insulin‐, glucagon‐, and somatostatin‐containing cells in primary and secondary catfish islets to ascertain if these islets correlated with those derived from ventral and dorsal primordia in mammals. Islets were immunocytochemically stained using antisera to anglerfish insulin, porcine glucagon, and synthetic somatostatin and volume densities were quantified on light micrographs by point‐counting procedures. In both primary and secondary islets the insulin‐, glucagon‐, and somatostatin‐containing cells comprised approximately 32%, 23%, and 38% of the endocrine cell volumes, respectively. Therefore, the cell populations did not reflect any embryological differences between the two groups of islets. In this study, the volume densities of insulin‐reactive cells in the primary islet were less than previously reported, and the overall insulin staining was about one‐half of that seen in mammals. The volume density of somatostatin‐reactive cells in primary islets was greater than previously reported. Based on these data, primary and secondary islets of the catfish do not appear to have a similar development to the ventral and dorsal islets of the mammalian system.


We compute the attenuation of gamma-rays from remote quasars due to interactions with ambient low-energy photons produced by stars in galaxies and show that the next-generation gamma ray telescopes can probe the cosmic star formation rate at high redshifts.


In this paper, we present a novel tone reproduction operator that is able to handle the color shift that occurs in photopic, mesopic, and scotopic vision, using a model based on a two-stage model of human color vision and psychophysical data obtained from measurements of human color perception. Since conventional methods are limited to generating images under a certain visual condition, it is difficult to apply just one operator to deal with scenes with continuous change within a wide luminance range, such as various scenes in movies. To overcome this problem, we have developed a model based on psychophysical data involving wavelength discrimination within a wide luminance range, which provides us with clues about the change of color perception. That is, the spectral sensitivity shifts toward the short wavelengths and decreases according to the adaptation light levels. By integrating the wavelength discrimination into our model, the proposed operator enables us to compute the transition of color perception under a wide range of viewing conditions.


The specific aim of three‐dimensional conformal radiotherapy is to deliver adequate therapeutic radiation dose to the target volume while concomitantly keeping the dose to surrounding and intervening normal tissues to a minimum. The objective of this study is to examine dose distributions produced by various radiotherapy techniques used in managing head and neck tumors when the upper part of the esophagus is also involved. Treatment planning was performed with a three‐dimensional (3‐D) treatment planning system. Computerized tomographic (CT) scans used by this system to generate isodose distributions and dose‐volume histograms were obtained directly from the CT scanner, which is connected via ethernet cabling to the 3‐D planning system. These are useful clinical tools for evaluating the dose distribution to the treatment volume, clinical target volume, gross tumor volume, and certain critical organs. Using 6 and 18 MV photon beams, different configurations of standard treatment techniques for head and neck and esophageal carcinoma were studied and the resulting dose distributions were analyzed. Film validation dosimetry in solid‐water phantom was performed to assess the magnitude of dose inhomogeneity at the field junction. Real‐time dose measurements on patients using diode dosimetry were made and compared with computed dose values. With regard to minimizing radiation dose to surrounding structures (i.e., lung, spinal cord, etc.), the monoisocentric technique gave the best isodose distributions in terms of dose uniformity. The mini‐mantle anterior‐posterior/posterior‐anterior (AP/PA) technique produced grossly non‐uniform dose distribution with excessive hot spots. The dose measured on the patient during the treatment agrees to within ± 5 % with the computed dose. The protocols presented in this work for simulation, immobilization and treatment planning of patients with head and neck and esophageal tumors provide the optimum dose distributions in the target volume with reduced irradiation of surrounding non‐target tissues, and can be routinely implemented in a radiation oncology department. The presence of a real‐time dose‐measuring system plays an important role in verifying the actual delivery of radiation dose. Int. J. Cancer (Radiat. Oncol. Invest.) 96, 55–65 (2001). © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


This paper discusses the application of variable structure control to a typical position control laboratory plant. It analyses the choice of the sliding mode and relates it to the equivalent control regime. Practical and simulation results are discussed of the effect of the parameters studied when applied to a typical position control servosystem.


Zakat Foundation of America and millions of Haitian farm families know that farming is the means by which Haiti can be rebuild itself from the ground up.


Superconducting (SC) TEM-class spoke cavities are required for proposed cw and pulsed ion linac applications world-wide. Several laboratories and institutions have demonstrated high field performance (Epeak>30 MV/m) in single- and multi-spoke geometries for use with ions over the full mass range and for velocities 0.15 < v/c < 0.8. Recent results show spoke cavities, previously designed for 4 Kelvin operation, now operate with better efficiency at 2 Kelvin, resulting in large part from performance gains due to techniques such as clean assembly and hydrogen degassing. Low Rf losses even for high accelerating fields (corresponding to Epeak~30 MV/m) required in operations have been achieved. The status of recent spoke cavity activities at several laboratories is presented.


Abstract : The FRAGHAZ computer program has been developed to predict the hazardous regions due to fragments produced by an accidental explosion of stored ammunition. Determination of these hazardous regions is based on computer simulations of fragment trajectories. Currently, the fragment drag coefficients used in the program are extrapolations of subsonic drag coefficients out to transonic and supersonic speed regimes. Errors in the Mach numbers effects of these fragments can influence the predicted range characteristics. This paper describes a series of wind tunnel and air gun tests conducted to measure the drag coefficients of representative bomb and projectile fragments over the entire Mach number range experienced in flight. Comparative trajectories are made to illustrate the differences between using the original and current drag coefficient data for the FRAGHAZ program.


Egress models are being used more frequently to simulate people movement; i.e., how people enter, use, and leave a building. However, little has been written on the different phases of people movement over the lifecycle of the building that can be examined and how these models may achieve this. In addition, little has been written on how these phases interact. This interaction may be due to these different phases occurring simultaneously or when an individual's experience in one phase (e.g., entering a building) influences another (e.g., route selection when leaving). This paper presents six modes in which an egress model can be applied: Naïve, Operational, Predictive, Engineered, Real-Time, and Interactive. The paper describes what is needed to enable these application modes, in terms of data, expertise, and model functionality and the benefits that these modes provide. These modes should appear in the same model enabling a comprehensive and integrated representation of people movement, and the factors that influence it, to be produced.


The present study tested the effect of conscientiousness and neuroticism on health and physical limitations in a representative sample of older couples (N 5 2,203) drawn from the Health and Retirement Study. As in past research, conscientiousness predicted better health and physical functioning, whereas neuroticism predicted worse health and physical functioning. Unique to this study was the finding that conscientiousness demonstrated a compensatory effect, such that husbands' conscientiousness predicted wives' health outcomes above and beyond wives' own personality. The same pattern held true for wives' conscientiousness as a predictor of husbands' health outcomes. Furthermore, conscientiousness and neuroticism acted synergistically, such that people who scored high for both traits were healthier than others. Finally, we found that the combination of high conscientiousness and high neuroticism was also compensatory, such that the wives of men with this combination of personality traits reported better health than other women. Conscientiousness refers to individual differences in the propensity to follow socially prescribed norms for impulse control, to be task and goal directed, to be planful, to delay gratification, and to follow norms and rules (John & Srivastava, 1999). A study by Friedman et al. (1993) showed that conscientiousness predicts longevity. Specifically, participants in this study tended to live longer if, as 8-year-olds, they had been rated as more conscientious by parents and teachers. These effects held after controlling for gender and parental divorce, two known influences on longevity. The positive effect of conscientiousness on longevity has now been replicated across several studies and more heterogeneous samples (Kern & Friedman, 2008; Roberts, Kuncel, Shiner, Caspi, & Goldberg, 2007). Consistent with the finding that conscientiousness predicts longevity, research has shown that conscientiousness predicts most of the major preventive and risky behaviors associated with both physical health and mortality (Bogg & Roberts, 2004). Conscientiousness also predicts physical health itself. For example, low levels of conscientiousness are associated with diabetes, high blood pressure, skin problems, strokes, ulcers, and tuberculosis (Goodwin & Friedman, 2006). Similarly, of the Big Five personality traits, conscientiousness was shown to be the best predictor of illness burden (i.e., physician-quantified morbidity) even when controlling for education, substance abuse, hypertension, and cholesterol (Chapman, Lyness, & Duberstein, 2007). In addition, childhood ratings of conscientiousness predict midlife health ratings even when controlling for social environmental factors such as education and healthrelated behaviors (e.g., exercise, diet, and smoking; Hampson, Goldberg, Vogt, & Dubanoski, 2007). Conscientiousness has even been shown to predict slowed disease progression in HIV patients (O'Cleirigh, Ironson, Weiss, & Costa, 2007). The majority of research linking conscientiousness to health outcomes has been predicated on the reasonable assumption that it is the person's own personality that will affect his or her health outcomes. This assumption overlooks the possibility that the personalities of people in an individual's close social network may also affect his or her health outcomes. More specifically, spouses or caretakers who are more conscientious may be more reliable caregivers and therefore enhance the health of their partners. We refer to this as the compensatory conscientiousness effect. The idea of compensatory conscientiousness was inspired by couples research showing that spouses' personality contributed to their partners' important life outcomes. For example, a prospective longitudinal study found that women who were more individualistic were subsequently more successful in their work, and that women who were married to more individualistic husbands were evenmore successful (Helson&Roberts, 1992). The contribution of husbands' personality to wives' work outcomes was independent of the women's own personality traits. Similarly, research on the effect of couples' personality traits on Address correspondence to Brent W. Roberts, Department of Psychology, University of Illinois, 603 East Daniel St., Champaign, IL 61820, e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com. PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE Volume 20—Number 5 553 Copyright r 2009 Association for Psychological Science at WASHINGTON UNIV SCHL OF MED on August 26, 2014 pss.sagepub.com Downloaded from marital outcomes has shown that one's partner's personality has an effect on one's own outcomes, such as marital satisfaction (Robins, Caspi, & Moffitt, 2000). In this work, self-reported negative emotionality, a component of neuroticism, predicted lower self-reported relationship satisfaction. Moreover, partners' negative emotionality predicted spouses' reports of relationship satisfaction above and beyond the effect of spouses' own levels of negative emotionality. Two health-related studies have shown similar patterns. In the first study (van Aken, Junger, Verhoeven, van Aken, & Dekovic, 2007), lower maternal conscientiousness predicted greater numbers of minor injuries in toddlers in an analysis controlling for background factors and ratings of the toddlers' temperament. This study is not an ideal demonstration of compensatory conscientiousness, however, as the temperament ratings came from the parents, who also completed the self-report personality measures. Amore compelling example comes from a study of the effects of child and parent personality on glycemic control (i.e., control of blood sugar levels) in a sample of diabetic children ages 6 to 16 (Vollrath, Landolt, Gnehm, Laimbacher, & Sennhauser, 2007). The children were followed for 2 years, and the researchers found that those who rated themselves as more conscientious had better glycemic control, asmeasured by blood analysis. In addition, in an analysis controlling for the children's personality, children of mothers who were more conscientious had better glycemic control, a finding consistent with the idea of compensatory conscientiousness. Clearly, the couples and health research supports the possibility that it is good for one's health to have a conscientious person in one's social-support network, but to our knowledge the idea of compensatory conscientiousness has never been tested directly in the health domain. To test the interplay of partners' personality in influencing health outcomes, we examined the association of personality and health ratings among more than 2,000 couples taking part in the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), a nationally representative study of the population over age 50. The structure of the data, being partly based on couples, allowed us to examine multiple pathways by which conscientiousness might influence health. The first possibility is that the individual's own personality is predictive of his or her outcomes. The second possibility, which captures the idea of compensatory conscientiousness, is that a partner's personality adds to the prediction of a person's outcomes. The third possibility is that a husband's and wife's personality traits act synergistically (i.e., in a multiplicative way) on health outcomes, such that the personality of an individual's partner is influential only when that individual has a certain level of conscientiousness. This possibility would entail multiplicative associations among personality traits within individuals and potentially between individuals. Additionally, other personality traits may interact with conscientiousness and affect health processes. Neuroticism has been shown to be a strong predictor of mortality and disease (Jerram & Coleman, 1999; Roberts et al., 2007). Specifically, neuroticism is associated with increases in worry and anxiety that may have detrimental effects on the immune system (Kiecolt-Glaser, McGuire, Robles, & Glaser, 2002). Moreover, neuroticism and increases in neuroticism are known to predict mortality in old age (Mroczek & Spiro, 2007). However, some evidence suggests that neuroticism could also have beneficial effects. For example, being anxious about one's health may lead to activities that promote good health and safeguard against poor health (Lee, Wadsworth, & Hotopf, 2006). Because neuroticism could be beneficial if it led people to be more attuned to and responsible for their health, we hypothesized that being both high in conscientiousness and high in neuroticism could enhance one's health. The open question was whether the health of one's spouse also benefits. In the present study, we tested these hypothesized pathways using data from the HRS. First, we tested for a direct effect of conscientiousness on health. Next, we investigated the idea of compensatory conscientiousness by testing whether the conscientiousness of a participant's partner predicted the participant's self-reported health above and beyond the participant's own conscientiousness. In order to account for the interdependencies within couples and to determine the unique effects of each partner, we used the actor-partner interaction model (APIM; Campbell &Kashy, 2002; Kenny, Kashy, & Cook, 2006). The APIM examines the influence of each participant's personality on his or her own health (actor effect), as well as the effect of the personality of the actor's spouse on the actor's health (partner effect). We then tested for a synergistic effect between partner and actor conscientiousness. We also tested both actor and partner effects of neuroticism on health. To test whether being both high in conscientiousness and high in neuroticism leads to better health, we tested the interaction between actor neuroticism and actor conscientiousness. We also tested for an interactive effect of partner neuroticism and partner conscientiousness on the actor's health.


In this study,the relationships between frequency bandwidth and phase-amplitude margins are first analyzed.Then,two curve clusters,which are associated with relationships between amplitude margin and bandwidth ration-phase margin,are then obtained based on different damping coefficients.Next,the servo-valve design and robust analysis are conducted using these typical curve clusters.Afterwards,the optimal design methodology and relevant procedure are developed for torque motor in terms of overall rigidity and structural parameters.Finally,a comparison between theoretical and simulation results is completed.


Objective To establish a method for determination of amantadine residues in chicken by molecularly imprinted-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). Methods Chicken samples were extracted by 0.1% chloroactic acid and methanol solution (50:50, V:V), and the molecular imprinted polymer chromatography column was purified. Then the amantadine in the extracts were gradient eluted using a gradient elution program of 0.1% formic acid in ammonium solution (A) and methanol solution (B). The quantitative ion and qualitative ion of amantadine were monitored by mass spectrometry with multiple reactions monitoring (MRM). Results The recoveries of amantadine were ranged from 82.0% to 100.2% at 3 spiked levels of 2, 5 and 10 μg/kg. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) were less than 5.8% (n=6), and the limit of quantitation (LOQ) for amantadine was 2 μg/kg. Conclusion The proposed method is rapid, accurate and sensitive, which is suitable for detecting amantadine in chicken samples.


Abstract Oulipo (Ouvroir de Littérature potentielle, or Workshop on potential literature), an over 50-year old movement that began in France, seeks to apply mathematical constraints to literature and the arts. In this article, I will give a brief survey of this movement and how I have built a learning module based on it for my mathematics for the liberal arts course. I will provide descriptions of student-created, mathematically constrained poetry, music compositions, and videos. These projects allow my students to apply mathematics (for example, modular arithmetic, combinatorics, and graph theory) to their interests in literature and the arts.


Most existing studies assessing the management of fisheries fail to check the accuracy of the parameters estimated in reproducing the observed dynamics of the resource. We present an alternative approach: assuming that the stock growth path is affected by productivity shocks that follow a Markov process, we calibrate the growth path of the resource so that the observed dynamics of resource are matched. In this context, an efficient policy consists of applying a different exploitation rule depending on the state of the resource whereas the constant-escapement rule is not the efficient policy. This approach is applied to three different fishing grounds: the European Anchovy (Division VIII), the Southern Stock of Hake (Divisions VIIIc and IXa) and the Northern Stock of Hake (mainly Divisions VII and VIII).


This interim report is a follow-up to a July 1993 publication entitled "Infrastructure in the 21st Century Economy: A Review of the Issues and Outline of a Study of the Impacts of Federal Infrastructure Investments" (IWR Report 93-FIS-4). That first report described the beginning of the effort in which the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers presented a "strawman" scope of work to three different panels composed of professional economists and staff from other Federal agencies, Congress and academia, and solicited participation in devising a concrete research plan. The report focused on infrastructure spending in transportation (mass transit, aviation and highways), waste management, and water (wastewater treatment, water resources and water supply). This report describes developments since that initial workplan was articulated and is printed in three volumes. This volume, Volume 2, contains the three technical papers which developed and documented the three research approaches which form this study. The three papers discuss, respectively, a Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) approach, an econometric cost function/productivity approach, and an endogenous dynamic growth approach.


This thesis aims to develop the Environmental Impact Study for the construction of the Bridge Creek Peca III and Access ( length 25 m), located in the province of Bagua, Department of Amazonas, to develop the study methodology was used evaluation or quality assessment. For this we had to define the area of influence which has a length of 150 meters around the project area and the indirect influence of the project with which the major environmental components are described. The main environmental risks are analyzed in a case matrix effect between activities that can cause further environmental damage and environmental components likely to be impacted as a result of this environmental assessment was performed on the stages of construction and operation of the bridge, obtaining as results impacts of low to moderate intensity, so it was necessary to establish an environmental Management Plan, where measures to prevent established, correct and or mitigate negative environmental impacts, the plan was designed taking into account the most impacted environmental components and the most striking actions.


The appearance and its evaluation of typical facture surface were analyzed by Drop-weight tear tests (DWTT) on thick wall X70 high-grade steel line pipe. Furthermore, the effects of wall thickness and test temperature on the appearance of facture surface were studied. The conclusions show that the abnormal fracture surfaces of DWTT on X70 line pipe have four types. The abnormal fracture surfaces that are regarded as invalid specimens in API RP 5L3 should be valid and are evaluated in its corresponding evaluation area. With the grade of steel enhancing, wall thickness increasing and test temperature detracting, the probability of abnormal fracture surface increase. The results are significant to safety design for X70 line pipe.


Ecotourism has been identified in the programs as an important facilitating mechanism which can mobilize funds and human resources and can enhance the understanding and appreciation of the value of protected areas. There is a general awareness that ecotourism can be ecologically sustainable if it is managed in relation to and as an integral part of the social, cultural, economic and ecological aspects of the environment. The Philippines is faced with the challenge of achieving sustainable development through, among other measures, the successful implementation of these policies and programs and the sound practice of ecotourism in protected areas. This paper discusses the efforts of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) of the Philippine Government to integrate ecotourism into the national protected area management system and in the national biodiversity strategy.


VIII вида.Any society has a group of people who are suffering from cognitive disabilities. Diseases causing such problems are often inborn. It is known that specialized education of children with cognitive disabilities at an early age can often lead to significant positive changes in their development. That is why education and social inclusion of such children is an important problem. Despite the fact that information technology is experiencing rapid development, they have not yet sufficiently penetrated into the sphere of special education. We propose to use computer games as a means of correctional education of children with cognitive disabilities. This paper gives a guide for the development of educational games for this audience, describes the concept and the structure of the developed prototype and the results of its testing in correctional school of type VIII.


mRNA carries a wealth of the structural and regulatory information in addition to the encoded amino acid sequence. This information defines mRNAs secondary structure and stability, pre-mRNA splicing efficiency, regulates rate of translation and affects folding and posttranslational modifications of the nascent polypeptide (1-3). Emerging evidence suggests important biological functions for synonymous nucleotides and "silent" mutations in the protein coding genes that do not change the amino acid sequences of the proteins. Using our software Afold, we performed the first transcriptome-wide analysis of the mRNA folding in different organisms, and demonstrated that the structure of the genetic code and the unequal use of synonymous codons create a periodic pattern of nucleotide involvement in mRNA secondary structure in the protein coding regions (CDSs) (4-5). We also showed how RNA secondary structure might regulate gene expression and suggested that a periodic pattern in the CDS is likely responsible for translation frame monitoring (Figure 1 - low centre panel, 1-2). The degenerate codon sites make the greatest contribution to mRNA stability. Our results support the hypothesis that redundancies in the genetic code enable mRNA sequences to satisfy requirements for both protein and RNA structure, and suggest that selection in favor of G and C may be operating in synonymous codons to maintain a more stable and ordered mRNA secondary structure, which is likely to be important for transcript stability and translation. Functional domains of the mRNA (5'UTR, CDS and 3'UTR) preferentially fold onto themselves, while domain boundaries are characterized by relaxed secondary structures, as compared to the overall mRNA folding. Relaxed secondary structures in the vicinity of the start and stop codon regions could facilitate the initiation and termination of translation. Comparative analysis of mRNA secondary structure patterns for eukaryotes and prokaryotes revealed the ubiquity of periodic mRNA secondary structures and RNA level selection pressure acting at the level of mRNA secondary structure in different organisms. Systematic differences in selection pressure exist between synonymous and nonsynonymous positions in mRNA coding regions (2). Selection pressure on the coding gene regions follows a three-nucleotide periodic pattern of nucleotide base pairing in


he interaction of lanthanide (Ln ̄(3+))ions with trchosanthin(TCS)was investi-gated using Tb ̄(3+) as fluorescent probe. The metal-binding sites of the protein were probed by means of adding the Tb ̄(3+) into the protein solutions. If other Ln ̄(3+) ions exist in the Tb ̄(3+) protein complex system, they would compete against Tb ̄(3+) in the binding sites of the protein, and so the fluorescence intensity of Tb ̄(3+) decreased,which is called quenching effect.The quencliing effect is related to the ionic radii of the Ln ̄(3+) ions and energy transfer from Tb ̄(3+) protein to Ln ̄(3+) ions. Based on the ex- perimental results,a schematic of the energy transfer from protein-Tb ̄(3+) complex to protein-Ln ̄(3+) complex is suggested.


Abstract. Primary (i.e., sugars and sugar alcohols) and secondary water-soluble organic compounds (WSOCs) (i.e., dicarboxylic acids and aromatic acids) were characterised on a molecular level in size-segregated aerosols from the urban and mountain atmosphere of China and from the marine atmosphere in the outflow region of East Asia. Levoglucosan is the most abundant WSOCs in the urban and mountain atmosphere, whose accumulated concentrations in all stages are 1–3 orders of magnitude higher than those of marine aerosols. In contrast, malic, succinic and phthalic acids are dominant in the marine aerosols, which are 3–6 times more abundant than levoglucosan. This suggests that a continuous formation of secondary organic aerosols is occurring in the marine atmosphere during the long-range transport of air mass from inland China to the North Pacific. Sugars and sugar-alcohols, except for levoglucosan, gave a bimodal size distribution in the urban and mountain areas, peaking at 0.7–1.1 μm and >3.3 μm, and a unimodal distribution in the marine region, peaking at >3.3 μm. In contrast, levoglucosan and all the secondary WSOCs, except for benzoic and azelaic acids, showed a unimodal size distribution with a peak at 0.7–1.1 μm. Geometric mean diameters (GMDs) of the WSOCs in fine particles (


This paper presents a solution to a predict then optimise problem which goal is to reduce the electricity cost of a university campus. The proposed methodology combines a multi-dimensional time series forecast and a novel approach to large-scale optimization. Gradient-boosting method is applied to forecast both generation and consumption time-series of the Monash university campus for the month of November 2020. For the consumption forecasts we employ log transformation to model trend and stabilize variance. Additional seasonality and trend features are added to the model inputs when applicable. The forecasts obtained are used as the base load for the schedule optimisation of university activities and battery usage. The goal of the optimisation is to minimize the electricity cost consisting of the price of electricity and the peak electricity tariff both altered by the load from class activities and battery use as well as the penalty of not scheduling some optional activities. The schedule of the class activities is obtained through evolutionary optimisation using the covariance matrix adaptation evolution strategy and the genetic algorithm. This schedule is then improved through local search by testing possible times for each activity one-by-one. The battery schedule is formulated as a mixed-integer programming problem and solved by the Gurobi solver. This method obtains the second lowest cost when evaluated against 6 other methods presented at an IEEE competition that all used mixed-integer programming and the Gurobi solver to schedule both the activities and the battery use. The code and data used for the paper are publicly available1.


Rutelarcha, Lutera and Cyphelytra are restated as genera, in the subtribus Rutelina; Arrow (1917) considered them synonyms of Parastasia, in the Parastasiina. Machatschke's (1972) new name Parastasia pauliana for Parastasia nigromaculata (Ohaus) (= Lutera) therefore is superfluous, and merged into synonymy. Lectotypes are designated for Cyphelytra ochracea and Rutelarcha quadrimaculata. The genera and species are diagnosed in a table, keys and descriptions, and some diagnostic characters are figured.


An algorithm is presented for the decoding of double error-correcting binary BCH codes. The algorithm avoids a Chien-type of search for the determination of the error locations and can be used for the implementation of fast decoders.


EDUCATIONAL LEADERSHIP RUSSELL, ALEXANDER B.A. BENEDICT COLLEGE, 1974 M.Ed. GEORGIA STATE UNIVERSITY, 1984 FACTORS AFFECTING CHRONICALLY TARDY STUDENTS IN A SELECTED ELEMENTARY SCHOOL OF THE DEKALB COUNTY SCHOOL SYSTEM Advisor: Dr. Trevor Turner Thesis dated May, 1990 The purpose of this study was to examine the extent to which the following factors may differ between chronically tardy and non-tardy students: Parental attitudes, family structure, socioeconomic status, teacher attitudes, and schoolmates' influence. The population of this study was the students at an elementary school in the Dekalb County School System, Georgia. Thirty students participated in the study. The ages of the participants ranged from 8 through 13. The instrument used in this study is entitled The Home and School Environment Questionnaire. Of the five variables analyzed, only two proved to halve significant differences as perceived by the two groups of students. The two variables were: (1) Family structure in terms of the presence of the father in the home, and (2) teacher attitude. Along with the findings, conclusions, and implications, it was recommended that the following initiatives be developed: (1) Parenting Workshops for the parents of ^hose students identified as chronically tardy; (2) Schoolwide strategies that encourage students to arrive at school on time; (3) A Big Brother program in which male adult figures spend time with chronically tardy students; (4) A communication system that will inform parents of tardies on a daily basis; (5) Workshops to enhance positive teacher-student interactions that will improve students' perceptions of teachers; and (6) rewards for students and praise parents for maintaining good attendance records in school. (C) 1990 Alexander Russell, Jr. All Rights Reserved


ABSTRACT This paper compares the cases of Seoul, Taipei and Keelung to illustrate the dynamics of the local state in leading the process of cultural preservation. We argue that political ambitions of local leaders, driven by economic and political incentives to boost local development, create policy networks centered around local bureaucracies. Various actors, such as local political elites, local bureaucracies, civic groups and developers, are involved in the process of political and economic entangling. The cultural preservation projects are thus the reflection of the political interpretation of memory, as well as the realization of local state power to implement innovative goals of urban rebranding and regeneration. The Korean and Taiwanese cases demonstrate that political functions, such as regime legitimacy and the formation of new identities, have been instrumental in the process of urban regeneration. This paper brings the "politics" back into local developmentalism in the democratic societies of South Korea and Taiwan. This paper also argues that central-local relationship matters as well. The local developmental states are not totally isolated from political entanglements at the central level. Policy supports from the central level are mainly out of political concerns to legitimize ongoing efforts of historical reconstruction and re-interpretation.


Most of the advances in artificial intelligence are based on understanding the function of different parts of the living organism's body. High complexity of some body parts, e.g., the brain, leads to using some abstractions for making intelligent models, which can make the models uninterpretable. This general process can be seen in the development of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs). Although DNNs are models with high performance, they have a black-box nature which makes them unreliable in some applications such as medicine. Fortunately, nature can again help to make DNN models explainable. The use of meaningful filters in the first layer of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) is a successful attempt in this field. The goal of this paper is to examine the use of some auditory filter models as CNN front-ends to make them interpretable and then to evaluate the resulting filter banks in the Speaker Identification (SID) task. Results confirm the previous knowledge about the filtering mechanism of the auditory system. This simple observation can lead to an abstract conclusion that making a complex learning model interpretable, specifically using simple elements inspired by nature, can disclose the hidden aspects of how the human body works. Moreover, replicating the essential functions of the human auditory system leads to better model performance.


Low-Power and Lossy networks (LLNs) cover a wide scope of applications, including, but not limit to, industrial control, healthcare and building automation, which has proliferated into both industrial and academic areas in recent years. Routing plays a significant role to the overall architecture of LLNs. The IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low Power and Lossy Networks (RPL) is standardized by IETF to provide interoperability for LLNs. Traditional routing protocols deliver packets through single relay and cannot cope well with the unreliable wireless medium. In this paper, we propose a cluster-parent based RPL protocol (CRPL), which is an opportunistic coordination forwarding scheme. In CRPL, through a top-down approach, an optimization problem is formulated. And the optimal cluster-parent set is selected to minimize the end-to-end cost for individual node. Priority-based scheduling mechanism is applied to coordinate the cluster-parent set for packet forwarding. We compare CRPL with RPL, and another recent work, ORPL on NS3 platform. The performance metrics in terms of packet delivery ratio, number of retransmission and average path cost are measured under various scenarios. Simulation results show that CRPL outperforms RPL and ORPL with significant improvement on the network reliability and reduction of packet retransmission.


PURPOSE: To obtain oxidized cellulose suitable for a material of suture, a hemostatic forceps and an adhesion preventing device by reacting cellulose with a nitrogen dioxide soln. in a perfluorocarbon solvent. CONSTITUTION: Cellulose is reacted with an effective amt. of a nitrogen dioxide soln. in a perfluorocarbon (e.g. perfluorohexane) solvent to be oxidized. Perfluorocarbon pref. has a b.p. of 30-100°C and the concn. of nitrogen dioxide in the soln. is pref. 2-12 wt.%. The reactants are pref. held to 25-60°C for 7 hr or more to perform reaction. COPYRIGHT: (C)1993,JPO


The article contains a study of the causes of speech delay in young children. The symptoms of this disorder, clinical and hardware methods of studying the manifestations of this disorder in children from birth to three years are described. The description of pedagogical manifestations of speech development delay and features of reflection of pathological changes in the structure and functioning of the brain and its trunks is given. Examples of clinical description of pathological symptoms on echoencephalogram, neurosonographic and Doppler examination are given. The causes of speech developmental delay, which include cerebral hypoxia / ischemia, CNS birth trauma, CNS infections, systemic dysmetabolic and toxic-metabolic disorders, are highlighted. The connection between the manifestations of speech developmental delay and the data of X-ray examination of disorders of the integrity and functionality of the cervical spine has been studied. Neurosonographic data confirm problems with harmonious blood supply and maintenance of typical cerebrospinal fluid dynamics in the vessels and ventricles of the brain. The study presents the results of deciphering the results of echoencephalography in relation to the passage of waves of different frequencies through the structures of the brain, identified pathological conditions accompanied by non-normative indicators of frequency and changes in the amplitude of the waves. The reactions of children to auditory stimuli that accompanied the study with the help of audiometry and echoencephalography were studied, and the features of subcortical evoked potentials in the dominant and nondominant hemispheres were determined


Background: The pathogenesis of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is not fully understood. Integrins, a group of cell surface extracellular matrix (ECM) receptors, are thought to play an active role. Integrin-mediated ECM adhesion and vitreous contraction of human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells were investigated in this study. Methods: Indirect immunofluorescent stain and flow cytometry were used to demonstrate and quantify the expression of integrins on cultured human RPE cells. The functional expression of integrins on RPE cells was evaluated by cell adhesion assay and bovine vitreous contraction assay with specific monoclonal anti-integrin subunit antibodies. Results: Cultured human RPE cells expressed collagen, fibronectin, vitronectin, and laminin receptors on the cell membranes. RPE cells used these integrins to attach to ECM proteins, and the attachment was blocked by integrin-specific monoclonal antibodies. In the vitreous gel model, RPE cells showed divalent-cation dependent vitreous contraction via α2β1 and α3β1 intrgrins. Cytokines enhanced the integrin-mediated vitreous contraction. Conclusion: Human RPE cells express β1 family and α(subscript v)β3 integrins that mediated ECM attachment and vitreous contraction. These integrins on the RPE cells may play an important role in the pathogenesis of PVR.


Design has traditionally been used to solve problems in the field of Human-Computer Interaction for Development (HCI4D). Mobile phone applications intended to address health and education challenges in low and middle-income countries (LMICs) are prominent examples of these efforts. In this paper, I argue that design-especially, speculative approaches-can play a different role in HCI4D. Within HCI, speculative design has proven to be useful for raising critical questions. Here, I present a collection of nine speculative design concepts that are intended to raise questions about mobile phones; in particular, how they are designed and what they are used for. These concepts are inspired by my +10 years of studying mobile phone use in Kenya. In the discussion, I elaborate on how speculative design approaches can benefit HCI4D by prompting questions about whether the field is solving the right problems. I also discuss how speculative design is useful for drawing attention to other problems and topics of study.


This paper discusses the problems of traditional analog electronic technology course teaching methods,introduces the project-based teaching of integrated with theory and practice,gives implementation steps and the achievements of teaching reform.Practice proved that it was a good teaching mode,which has solved the problems of the disconnection between theory and practice,and the contradictions of teaching and learning.The mode is conducive to competency-based teaching.


Purpose – This research sets out to achieve three goals: first, to discover the most important management development areas specified by Finnish managers; second, to discover the intentions of Finnish managers in management development on a personal level and with the support of organizations; and third, to compare the above mentioned aspects and to compare those also with competency models presented in the literature.Design/methodology/approach – The empirical data were gathered through an internet survey. The sample consists of 2,500 middle and senior managers from different industries in the Finnish private sector. Altogether 794 responses were received, giving a response rate of 32.Findings – This study revealed that there are a lot of managers who do not have any specific development intentions for themselves. In organizations where management development was both well organized and connected to strategic management, managers were more consciously aware of the development needs at a personal as well ...


To reduce the fluoroscopic noise in an image I acquired at a date t, the pixels of this image are paired with the pixels of an image I' acquired at a date t-1. For a pixel with coordinates (x,y) of the image I, a convolution is done with a core U equivalent to a low-pass filter whose coefficients have been modified as a function of the neighborhood of the pixel with coordinates (x,y) in the image I. For the pixel paired in the image I', a convolution is done with the core U whose coefficients have been modified as a function of the neighborhood of the pixel with coordinates (x,y) in the image I'. The result of the two convolutions is associated linearly in order to obtain a filtered value for the pixel with coordinates (x,y). These operations are repeated for each pixel of the image I.


In the past few years, a new trend has been on the rise in the financial services sectors: FinTech. This trend has exposed the financial sector to advancements in technologies, enabling the innovation of business models and better products and services at competitive prices. With the financial markets opening up to new entrants that have built their business model around new technologies, companies may wonder how the FinTech-trend is changing and even disrupting the industry and its sectors. Therefore, this study aims to identify how FinTech impacts the financial sectors and takes the investment advisory services sector as an area of focus. Moreover, the FinTech-trend is compared to a trend previously seen in the telecom industry, where the value chain transitioned to a value network as a result of the entrance of new business models that were built around new technologies. To see how FinTech impacts this sector, the investment advisory and research firms Beterinbeleggen.nl and Vetr have served as case studies, representative for the business model innovations occurring in the financial sectors. At hand of these case studies, it was found that FinTech drives innovations and enables the business models to offer new services, improve customer experience, personalize services, and reduce prices; i.e. FinTech helps to improve the business models' customer-centricity by making products, services and interaction better, faster, easier, and cheaper for customers. It appears that FinTech is similar to the telecom-trend; as such, it can be expected that the more traditional value chain of activities will become a value network of interrelated, FinTech-enabled firms.


Due to increasing demand for flexibility and individualization, additive manufacturing (AM) is increasingly finding its way into industrial production processes. However, especially for the AM of polymers, the application possibilities are strongly limited by the achievable mechanical properties. One approach to overcome this disadvantage is the integration of reinforcing fibers. For easy handling and to decouple the time-consuming impregnation step from the AM process, it is advisable to use already impregnated semifinished products. Since the reliability of the AM process hardly depends on the quality of the semifinished products used, this study presents a quality analysis process for continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic strands. The analysis procedure consists of 20 different quality criteria relating to geometry, fiber-matrix composite and mechanics. For easy comparability, the criteria can be calculated to a single quality index. The weighting of the criteria allows a simple transfer of the analysis process to various applications.


Introduction Fast ion populations can be produced in tokamaks by the absorption of Ion-Cyclotron Range of Frequency (ICRF) wave. As well known the absorption of ICRF wave by the majority ion species cannot occur at the fundamental resonance because the lefthanded component of the electric field E+ vanishes at that location. The Minority Heating (MH) scheme requires to introduce in the plasma a second ion species in small concentration and is successfully used in experiments in order to exploit fundamental ICRF wave absorption. A newly developped ICRF scenario [1] shows tremendous potential for fast ion generation. It is intended that the recently started stellarator Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) will use ICRF waves for fast generation. In the present work, we use the SCENIC package [2] in order to initiate a comparison between these scenarios in typical axisymmetric JET-like and W7-X plasma configurations.


Value considerations and ethics are increasingly relevant in the library and information science (LIS) field, both in education, research and in the profession. Change management in LIS therefore needs input from studies of professional values among librarians and information professionals. The article presents some preliminary findings from the first survey of professional values in Norwegian librarianship. International surveys have shown that patron service, intellectual freedom, preservation of the record, equality of access, and information literacy are primary ethical and professional values for librarians and information professionals in many countries. The Norwegian survey in general supports these findings but also identifies and explains some nuances in value preferences among public librarians compared with college and university librarians.


-Wireless Sensor Networks consisting of nodes with limited power are deployed to gather useful information from the field. In WSNs it is critical to collect the information in an efficient manner. It is applied in routing and difficult power supply area or area that cannot be reached and some temporary situations, which do not need fixed network supporting and it can fast deploy with strong anti-damage. In order to avoid the problem we proposed a new technique called Bio-Inspired mechanism for routing.ACO is one of the Bioinspired mechanisms. ACO is a dynamic and reliable protocol. The Objective of the work is to provide a novel and adaptive intelligent routing scheme for wireless sensor networks. The major objective of sensor network researches is to maximize the network lifetime. To achieve the shortest and optimal path between source and destination.


Reagent preparation equipment prepares a predetermined reagent to be supplied to a measurement unit that measures a specimen by use of a predetermined reagent including a first liquid and a second liquid. The reagent preparation equipment comprises: a reagent preparation unit for preparing a predetermined reagent; and a control unit for obtaining reagent information relating to the prepared predetermined reagent, obtaining supply time information relating to the time when the prepared predetermined reagent is supplied to the measurement unit, and outputting the reagent information and the supply time information.


New construction electrical converter with reduced variety of power switches is projected. This new construction electrical converter supported cascaded Improved H-bridge topology provides easier structure and reduced total harmonic distortion (THD) as we tend to increase numbers of output signal levels of electrical converter. This paper describes a replacement idea of shift with reduced variety of switches and batteries. This idea helps to scale back the quality of shift compared to alternative construction inverters. Projected construction electrical converter having twenty one level output is valid with an easy resistive load through simulation in MATLAB simulink 2018a.


Seed from peanut pods exhibiting microscopic shell damage, damage detected only with a staining technique, was as
susceptible to colonization by Aspergillus flavus as seed from pod with visible shell damage. The isolation frequency of A..flavus from seed from pods with microscopic and visible damage was 36.8 p. 100 and 42.8 p. 100 greater, respectively, than from seed from nondamaged pods. The rate of colonization of seed from pods treated with A. flavus and nontreated pods over a 180 hour incubation period was similar for both damage types. The rate of colonization of seed from nontreated nondamaged pods with a moisture content of 10 p. 100 was less than the rate of colonization of seed from pods with microscopic and visible damage. Also. the colonization process of seed from nondamaged pods lagged about 90 hours behind the colonization of seed from pods with microscopic and visible damage. Similar results
were obtained with pods with a moisturc content of 30 p. l00 seed from with from pods with 50 p. 100. moisture content were colonized much less frequently by A. falvus than seed from pods with moisture contents of 10 and 30 p. 100. The isolation frequency of A. falvus between seeds from pods with microscopic and visible damage became even less evident with time of incubation. A Gompertz curve was used to establish a mathematical model to determine the probable relationship between pod damage, isolation frequency and time of incubation


Document classification requires to extract high-level features from low-level word vectors. Typically, feature extraction by deep neural networks makes use of all words in a document, which cannot scale well for a long document. In this paper, we propose to tackle the long document classification task by incorporating the recurrent attention learning framework, which can produce the discriminative features with significantly less words. Specifically, the core work is to train a recurrent neural network (RNN)-based controller, which can focus its attention on the discriminative parts. Then, the glimpsed feature is extracted by a typical short text level convolutional neural network (CNN) from the focused group of words. The controller locates its attention according to the context information, which consists of the coarse representation of the original document and the memorized glimpsed features. By glimpsing a few groups, the document can be classified by aggregating these glimpsed features and the coarse representation. For our collected 11-class 10 000-word arXiv paper data set, the proposed method outperforms two subsampled deep CNN baseline models by a large margin given much less observed words.


1. Cardiac death is due not only to coronary artery disease, but also to left ventricular (LV) abnormalities (fibrosis, dysfunction) and arrhythmogenic triggers, such as autonomic imbalance.


The lack of socialization of taxation provided to the community is one of the causes of low taxpayer compliance; people still perceive taxes as mandatory levies rather than community participation because they do not see real benefits for the state and society. The number of taxpayers showed is as followed the year of 2016 was 41,530 taxpayers, 2017 was 37,431 taxpayers, 2018 was 34,345 taxpayers, 2019 was 39,888 taxpayers, 2020 was 52,140 taxpayers. Those mean the outcome of processing related to Pandeglang Primary Tax Service Office taxpayers' compliance and It is clear that the realization rate of tax return submission is still low due to taxpayers' lack of awareness about reporting tax return. In the other hand Socializing taxation is one of the efforts made by the Pandeglang Regency Tax Service Office to increase taxpayers' knowledge and understanding of their rights and obligations. Thus, those made the researcher wanted to discover more about the problem.This study has been conducted at the Pandeglang Primary Tax Service Office, and the study period runs from August to December 2021. This study aims to determine the impact of taxation socialization, tax rates, and tax sanctions on individual taxpayers' annual tax return reporting compliance. This study used a quantitative approach with a sample of 384 taxpayers obtained through a random sampling technique. In this study, descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression are used to analyze data using the SPSS 25 computer software program. The four variables, taxation socialization, tax rates, and tax sanctions, affect the dependent variable, taxpayer compliance, according to the results of hypothesis testing.