From the Publisher:
Competing in the high-tech computer market is a lot like war - especially if you work at Microsoft. Bill Gates's gladiators - his engineers and evangelists and programmers - were famous for seizing new terrain, converting nonbelievers, and always winning, no matter what the cost. No one took the lessons of the Microsoft way more to heart than Craig Eisler, Eric Engstrom, and Alex St. John, a trio of evangelists and software engineers who, more than anything, wanted to conquer a market on their own.. "Their first attempt was a top-secret effort to make Windows do what it had never done before: play games. Turning their well-honed combat skills on their own company, the trio - often called the "Beastie Boys" - rammed DirectX, their game project, through, first without permission, then without regard for political correctness, protocol, or budget restraints. The battle spilled from the halls of Microsoft into the international gaming community, but within months, DirectX was being used in every one of the best-selling games for the PC.. "The "Beastie Boys" had won the battle, but they received so few rewards that they felt as if they'd lost the war. So they set their sights on the Internet. Their new project: Chrome, a Web browser that could bring television-quality animated graphics to the Internet. It was every Microsoft marketer's dream, every competitor's nightmare. It should have changed the Internet and the lives of millions, none more than those of the three designers.. "Michael Drummond gained exclusive access to this trio's story - the tale of a rise, a fall, and, perhaps, a triumph.


I T IS well known that the presence of ice on aerodynamic surfaces can significantly impact the performance of an aircraft [1]. A considerable amount of effort has been spent gaining an understanding of the aerodynamic impact of ice accretion on airfoils [2,3], but the aerodynamics of iced swept wings have received relatively little attention. Previous research on swept-wing icing has demonstrated the complexity of both the aerodynamics and flowfields of swept wings with ice [4–6]. The complex and three-dimensional nature of the flow suggests that standard techniques such as force balance measurements can only provide a limited understanding of the aerodynamics. For example, force balance measurements do not provide any information regarding the spanwise distribution of the loads or the magnitude of the different components of drag. This information can be obtainedwith the use of awake-survey technique, and the goal of this Technical Note is to demonstrate how a wakesurvey technique can be used to better understand the aerodynamics of a swept wing with a leading-edge ice accretion. Wake-survey measurements using a five-hole probe (5HP) or similar device can provide total lift and drag, as well as the spanwise distributions of these quantities; and the drag can be decomposed into profile and induced drag components. Measurements by Brune [7] in thewake of a straight NACA0016,with an aspect ratio of six, showed that, at α 8.2 deg, the profile and induced drag accounted for 46 and 54% of the total drag, respectively. Hackett and Sugavanam [8] used a 5HP to measure the drag of a car and a stalled straight wing. For the stalledwing, they showed that profile drag accounted for 80% of the total drag, whereas induced or vortex drag made up the remainder. Kusunose [9] and Crowder et al. [10] both used wake surveys to study the spanwise distributions of lift, profile drag, and induced drag on complex models of aircraft representative of commercial airliners. The theory behind the wake-survey technique is derived from a standard control volume analysis for flow in the test section. In their most basic form, the equations from the control volume analysis are not practical experimentally because they require measurements on the tunnel sidewalls and over the entire downstream plane [7]. Based on the work of Betz [11] and Maskell [12], it is possible to derive expressions for lift and drag that only require measurements within the viscous wake, and it is possible to decompose drag into profile and induced drag components based on their unique influence on the flowfield. The wake integrals used in this work are given as follows:


The basic theoretical tenants of special relativity can be presented in introductory physics courses. However, because special relativistic effects only become apparent at velocities close to the speed of light, there are few experiments at the undergraduate level that involve special relativistic effects. We show that it is possible to experimentally verify the relation E2=p2c2+m02c4 in an undergraduate student laboratory using commercially available equipment. The experiment uses the annihilation of positrons in flight.


It is a truism that sound and credible elections are a sine qua non for sustainable democracy. The citizens in a society do not only desire a credible system for the selection of their leaders, but also seek functional and unbiased institutional processes to settle election matters. Consequently, election petition remains a viable and reorganized alternative open to any person or party dissatisfied with the conduct of an election to ventilate his or her grievances. Over the years, litigants/petitioners have continued to patronize the election petition tribunals/courts with minimal or no success as most of the petitions ended up being thrown out for non-compliance with the applicable electoral legislations or technicalities. Consequently, this paper analyses the current election petition model in Nigeria with a view to highlighting practices that may be adapted to the regular court process to improve speedy dispensation of justice. The paper adopts a doctrinal methodology which undertakes a comparative study of Nigeria and other relevant foreign jurisdictions. The paper analyses the procedural and institutional aspects of the election petition system viz-a-viz the court system in Nigeria and further examines the practice in other foreign jurisdictions with an attempt to identify norms and practices that can be adopted to strengthen the election petition model in Nigeria.


Size, density and distribution of the brown garden snail (Cantareus aspersus) were observed relative to cover at a coastal reserve on the North Island, New Zealand. Cover variables depended on vegetation height and available debris (rubbish, wood, cow dung). Air temperature, ground temperature, and relative humidity were recorded continuously during the field survey for the various cover types. Live snails used debris disproportionately as resting habitat, where relative humidity and temperature were the least variable. Desiccation rates were obtained by dehydrating snails of three size-classes and calculating desiccation rates as a function of water loss over time under controlled conditions in the laboratory. Results suggest that the shell aperture:size ratio is an important factor regarding desiccation stress in C. aspersus, especially in young and small-sized snails. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


This papper write the problems existing in the rabbitry at present from the advantage to feed the rapbits in rural, and analysed the necessity and importance of developing the rabbitry in the future. The results showed that providing species, suppling feed-stuffs, fulfilled equipments, technology service and sale are the critical problems which must be solved during developing the rabbitry in Xinjiang production rural district.


Axisymmetric resonance modes within an electrowetting lens are investigated. We demonstrate that both electrical modulation and external axial vibration will lead to axisymmetric Bessel modes in an electrowetting lens device. The effect of optical system vibrations are mitigated through use of an electrowetting lens.


There are several paths for synthesizing 4,4′ bis(hydroxymethyl) 2,2′ bipyridine, but most of them need strict experimental conditions that are not easy to be overcome. We designed a simple way to prepare this product via the oxidation of 4,4′ bismethyl 2,2′ bipyridine, followed by esterification and reduction. The yield increases and the reaction conditions become genial in contrast to those of other methods. The molecular structure of the final product was confirmed by means of elemental analysis, IR, 1H NMR and MS spectra.


Comparison of High‐resolution Computerized Tomography with Film‐screen Radiography for the Evaluation of Opacity and the Recognition of Coal Workers' Pneumoconiosis: Jingcai XING, et al. Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China—


We present theoretical ground state energies and their uncertainties for p-shell nuclei obtained from chiral effective field theory internucleon interactions as a function of chiral order, fitted to two- and three-body data only. We apply a Similary Renormalization Group transformation to improve the numerical convergence of the many-body calculations, and discuss both the numerical uncertainties arising from basis truncations and those from omitted induced many-body forces, as well as chiral truncation uncertainties. With complete Next-to-Next-to-Leading (N2LO) order two- and three-body interactions, we find significant overbinding for the ground states in the upper p-shell, but using higher-order two-body potentials, in combination with N2LO three-body forces, our predictions agree with experiment throughout the p-shell to within our combined estimated uncertainties. The uncertainties due to chiral order truncation are noticeably larger than the numerical uncertainties, but they are expected to become comparable to the numerical uncertainties at complete N3LO.


Objective To compare the conditions of postoperative headache in patients who underwent spinal anesthesia and combined spinal-epidural anesthesia.Methods Totally 200 patients were randomly divided as spinal anesthesia group(n=100)and combined spinal-epidural anesthesia group(n=100),and the case numbers of patients postoperative headache 3 days after the anesthesia and the degrees were observed.Results The headache occurred in 3 cases of combined spinal-epidural group,and the headache was mild in 2 and moderate in 1;while the headache occurred in 21 cases of spinal anesthesia group,and the headache was mild in 5 cases,moderate in 12 cases and severe in 4 cases.The difference in prevalence rate of headache between the two groups was statistically significant(χ2=5.719,P0.05).Conclusion The postoperative headache rate of combined spinal-epidural anesthesia was lower,which can reduce agony caused by headache.


We demonstrate an exploration tool that organizes social media content under diverse aspects enabling comprehensive explorations. Unlike existing approaches that group content by trending topics, we present a holistic view of diverse and relevant content with respect to a given query.


Objective To review the CT findings in patients with pulmonary infection after kidney transplantation and to determine the characteristic features in different infections.Methods The medical records were reviewed in 446 patients with pulmonary infection after kidney transplantation and 121 patients who had pulmonary thin-section CT were included in this study.The pattern and distribution of the pulmonary abnormalities were interpreted independently by two thoracic radiologists.Statistical analysis was performed using the X2 test and the Fisher's exact teat.Results (1)Time course:65(14.6/) patients initially had pulmonary infection in the first 30 days,147(32.9/)between 1 and 3 months,91(20.4/)between 3 and 6 months,23(5.2/)between 6 and 12 months,120(26.9/)afler 12 months of transplantation.In the first month after procedure,bacterial infection(4/5,80.0/)was the most common infection,bacterial(34/41,82.9/)、mixed(19/41,46.3/)and virus infections(11/41.26.8/)were seen commonly 1 to 6 months following transplant,the incidence of fungal(14/38,36.8/)and myeobaeterial(5/38,1 3.2/)infections was increased after 1 2 months of transplantation.(2)Pathogens:Baeterial(34,28/)and mixed infections(34,28/)were the most common,followed by fungus infeetion(9.7/),TB(7,6/)and eytomegalovirus(5,4/).(3)CT findings:Ground-galss attenuations(69,57.0/)was the most common findings of pneumonia,followed by reticular or linear opacities(68,56.2/),nodules (66,54.5/),pleural thickening(41,33.9/),consolidations(31,25.6/),tree-in-bud patterns(24,19.8/),pleural effusion(22,18.2/),and bronchovascular bundle thickening(16,13.2/).Ground-glass attenuation was commonly seen in cytomegalovirus pneumonia (4,80.0/),and nodule was commonly observed in bacterial infection(23.67.6/),tree-in-bud pattern was the most common finding in pulmonary tuberculosis (4.P=0.049).There were no statistically significant difierences in the prevalence of other CT paRerns (P>0.05).Conclusions The peak incidence of pulmonary infection is in the 3 month after renal transplantation and bacterial infection is the most common.The CT diagnosis of infeetion can be made by combining the time course of infection,clinical laboratory data and lesion distribution.

Key words:
Kidney transplantation; Pulmollia; Tomography,X-ray computed


With the rapid development of urbanization in China, the problem of traffic congestion is becoming more and more serious. The development of an intelligent traffic signal control system to alleviate traffic congestion is a very valuable research subject. In this paper, the functional requirements of intelligent traffic signal control system are discussed, and the design scheme of intelligent control system of the traffic light is given on the basis of electronic information technology to provide some references for the relevant researchers.


Abstract: This research aims to produce learning media in the form of mathematics module 3 with cooperative learning type numbered head together (NHT) to improve student learning achievement of PGSD in response aspect. students towards developed Modules. This research is a Research and Development (R&D) which using ADDIE (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation) model with Math Module 3 product using cooperative learning type numbered head together (NHT). The development process was done by several stages of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The development model used is a procedural development model, which is a descriptive model, outline the steps to be followed to produce the product. The results showed the quality of Mathematics Module 3 with cooperative learning type numbered head together (NHT) in good category with the percentage of idealization of 73.06% with the detail of content feasibility component in both category with the percentage of 71,39% of the idealization, the linguistic component in good category with the percentage of 74.55% of the idealization, and so are the components of the presentation in either category with an ideal percentage of 74.76%. Response to this module belongs to the category of positive responses with a score of 63.69 from the ideal maximum score of 80. Based on the post-test value, Mathematics 3 module with cooperative learning type numbered head together (NHT) has been successful in improving learning achievement by  post-test score of  77.09.


Each year, more than 4,000 children in the United States are diagnosed with invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). Fortunately, the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13, Wyeth Pharmaceuticals Inc., marketed by Pfizer Inc.) provides protection against the most common pneumococcal serotypes


In this study the authors attempt to evaluate a stereotype reduction workshop conducted with students from three South African universities. Pre- and post-measures in the form of the stereotypes produced for salient outgroups, and responses on a scale designed to measure constructs related to the aims of the workshop, were gathered from an experimental and a control group. Results were encouraging. The experimental group produced significantly fewer negative stereotypes for one of the outgroups after attending the intervention than they did before the intervention, while the control group's pre-intervention negative stereotypes still existed afterwards. Significant differences in the ratio of negative to total outgroup stereotypes produced before and after the intervention were also found between the experimental and the control groups. On the scale that was used, the post-scores for the experimental group were significantly higher than for the control group, but only at the 90% confidence level. Weaknesses in the design are indicated, and suggestions for further research are made.


In order to optimize the mix proportion of steel fiber reinforced concrete,the influence of four factors such as the water-cement ratio,ratio of early strength agent,ratio of steel fiber and the granular composition of mineral aggregate on steel fiber reinforced concrete′s physical and mechanical property is studied through orthogonal tests.Experimental results show that: the influence of mineral aggregate graduation on the workability of steel fiber reinforced concrete is the most obvious,the next is water-cement ratio;ratio of steel fiber is the main factor influencing flexural strength of steel fiber reinforced concrete,which increases with the aggrandizing of steel fiber;most remarkable element impacting the compressive strength of steel fiber reinforced concrete is water-cement ratio,which is in inverse proportion to the compressive strength.


This paper compares four sliding-mode control strategies for a dual active bridge. The proposed control algorithms define different switching functions resulting in first- and second-order controllers, and using both discontinuous and continuous sliding-mode algorithms. The paper details the design stage and includes simulation and experimental tests to better compare the performance for each control scheme.


The mixed H/sub 2//H/sub /spl infin// problem has received a great deal of attention. However, constrast to the upper bound problem, an optimal solution for this problem involving different performance measures is difficult to obtain. It is shown that this problem can be transformed into a BMI optimization problem. The method of centers is proposed to solve this BMI problem. However, the procedure involving the interior point algorithm does not always work because of the discontinuity of the BMI. Conditions under which the interior point algorithm will work are provided in this paper. Furthermore, it was found that the discontinuity is due to the unobservability of the closed-loop system. By analyzing the unobservable controlled invariants, the BMI problem can be transformed into a lattice of BMI subproblems. By traversing the lattice, the original BMI optimization problem can be solved.


The intelligent home system based on the network of things has become a researching hotspot.This paper put forward the intelligent home system scheme based on the network of things from the system function and structure,and discusses realization method and key technology of the intelligent home system.


This article describes a fall detection method based on Bi-axial Sensor SCA100T.We collect angle data recorded by a wearable inclinometer placed at users' waists.The angular data are transmitted to PC by wireless data transmission device.Then,the fall duration is divided into three phases and we make threshold-based fall-detection decisions in every phase after feature extraction and analysis of the short-time angle data.Finally,a robust fall detection result is given by comprehensive considerations of the three phases decisions.The experiment results prove that the fall detection is effective and the accuracy is up to 97.23% without undetected falls.


The application environment for remote sensor in space is described and the importance of selected material and its effect on design of the Three Mirror Anastigmat(TMA)remote sensor are introduced,the new materials SiC and SiC/Al with high-thermal conductivity and high specific stiffness are selected to design for a lighting TMA remote sensor.The SiC and SiC/Al are compared with common materials.Compared results show that the comprehensive figure of merit of SiC is 8072.92,which is 3 to 8 times that of a traditional optical material and that of the SiC/Al is 1687.50,5 to 9 times that of a traditional mechanical materials.The modal analysis and test results for the central framework in the remote sensor are given to prove the correct of the analysis model.The MTF of the remote sensor in the space is calculated by means of optical/mechanical/thermal integrate analysis,the results both of analysis and test prove that these new materials have improved all the mechanical characteristics,thermal stability and flexibility of the remote sensor in spatial environment.


The robust optimization and reliability-based optimization have been proven effective to deal with uncertainties in design variables. However, there are scarcely any publications about comparison of robust and reliable designs, not to mention the combination of robustness and reliability in the electrical engineering. In this paper, the optimal design of superconducting magnetic energy storage system is taken as an example to comparatively investigate robust and reliable designs. Furthermore, the performance robustness and constraint feasibility are integrated into a single optimization model - reliability-based robust design optimization (RBRDO). The proposed RBRDO formulation yields results that provide new alternatives to the designer.


The first evidence that there were antigenically distinct leukocyte groups in humans was produced by Dausset' in 1954. At that time the effect of known autoantibodies in the serum of patients with acquired hemolytic anemia or thrombocytopenic purpura made it seem logical to seek a similar mechanism in cases of leukopenia. Dausset, however, observed that leukoagglutinins ap-peared only after a number of blood transfusions and that an "injurious effect of the patient's serum on his own white cells could not be demonstrated". This suggested to him that the leukoagglutinins were alloantibodies induced by the transfusion of cells carrying incompatible antigens.


In order to evaluating of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of new canola spring cultivars to ecological condition, at winter planting, In Moghan during year of 2015. One experiment carried out on base of randomized complete block design with 3 replications in Agricultuer Research station of Ardabil (Moghan). Each plot was includ 4 lines with 5 m longht and 30 cm spaces. 11 studied genotypes, including genotypes RGS003, Sarigol, Zafar, Dalgon, Julius, Jacomo, Jerry, Jerome, Zaboll, and Hyola401 and were Hyola4815. Analysis of variance showed that the genotypes studied in terms of time to reach rosette stage, until stem elongation, flowering time, until the end of flowering stage, flowering period, time to maturity stage, number siliqua in plant, number seed per siliqua, seed weight, seed yield, biological yield, harvest index, number of lateral branches, number of pods per stem, plant height, oil yield, oil content, protein, glucosinolate and acid erucic there was significant difference. The highest grain yield (3913.67, 3693 and 3913.67 kg/ha) obtained from Julius, RGS003 and Hyola401 respectively and lowest grain yield (2962 kg/ha) obtained from Zaboll. In respect of oil percent and oil yield, Jacomo and Julius with 45.61 percent and 1711.11 kg/ ha had the most amount respectively. The result simple correlation of traits showed that oil yield (r=0.747**) and time until the end of flowering stage (r=0.928**) most correlation had with seed yield respectively.

Keywords: Canola, phenology, oil content, glucosinolate, seed yield,


Objective To study the effect of rapid left atrial pacing on electrical remodeling of atria and pulmonary vein ostia. Methods Atrial fibrillation(AF) models were prepared by pacing left auricle with a pacemaker in 13 goats. The ERPs of atria and pulmonary vein ostia, dispersion of ERP, rate-adaptation of ERP and interatrium conduction time were quantified before and after pacing for 1,3,5,7 days. The ERPs of above sites were measured by a decremental technique with 5-ms steps at pacing cycle lengths of 200 ms(PCL200), 300ms(PCL300), 400 ms PCL200) for 8 beats. AF was induced by programmable stimulation combined with burst stimulation, and inducibility of AF was observed. The ERPs of the above sites were determined at once, 2, 4, 6, 24 hours after AF stopping with identical program. Results After rapid left atrial pacing(3 000 beats/min), the ERPs of left and right auricles, pulmonary vein ostia were significantly shorter than that before pacing, a marked increase in dispersion of ERP and decrease in rate adaptation of ERP were also observed ( P0.05). But interatrium conduction time was not altered( P0.05). On the 8th day, pacemaker was turned off. The ERPs were still significantly short at once,2, 4, 6 hours after stopping pacing( P0.05), and the ERPs returned to the level before pacing at 24 hours (p0.05). The inducibility of AF of left and right auricles, pulmonary vein ostia increased with AF persistence(P0.05). Conclusion Rapid atrial pacing not only causes electrical remodeling of atrium, but also causes electrical remodeling of pulmonary veins.


diagnosed. However, in the Results section, the authors mentioned that as a first-line medical therapy, only subTenon injections of triamcinolone acetonide were administered for the treatment of CME. The study identified the volume of air in the anterior chamber as one of the contributing risk factors for the development of CME. However, it is not mentioned as to how the air volume in the anterior chamber was measured and quantified. We agree with the authors that the exact incidence of CME would have been better calculated with fluorescein angiography.2 In this study, central retinal thickness (CRT) was measured manually with optical coherence tomography (OCT, RS3000, Nidek), between inner membrane and Bruch membrane, using an OCT measurement function. We assume that the authors have measured CRT between internal limiting membrane and Bruch membrane manually. If the OCT macular scan has an option to calculate CRT automatically, then why did the authors choose to calculate it manually? Because the CME was quantified using CRT, which is the main outcome measure of the study, the authors should have elaborated a little more on how the CRT measurement was taken. Was it a single measurement by a single operator? Which macular scan protocol was used for the CRT measurement? What was the measurement variability (with a single operator or multiple operators)? The signal strength of OCT images is not mentioned, then how was the OCT image quality measured? These points are important to highlight because they can affect the mean CRT values. From Table 1 of the study, apart from percentage and the number of eyes, it is not clear whether the rest of the values, which are given, are mean or median for the parameter measured. In the Results section, it was mentioned that the median CRT in the CME group was 542.4 6 23.1 mm, and in the non-CME group, it was 244.7 6 9.9 mm (P , 0.001). We assume that the authors have given mean 6 SD values of the CRT. If the values are given as median, then the interquartile range should also be mentioned. Whether the CRT values showed nonnormal distribution in the descriptive statistics needs to be rechecked by the authors.


We introduce a robotic appendage (a "fin") for a non-humanoid mobile robot that can communicate affect to child collaborators. Affective configurations were generated from a collection of cartoon images that featured characters with floppy or bunny ears. These images were classified according to the six Ekman emotions, analyzed to create ideal emotion configurations, and validated with a user study. From these configurations, we designed multiple continuum robot fin appendages and evaluated them based on (a) their ability to achieve the generated affect configurations, and (b) their durability for sustained use in child-robot interaction studies.


This study investigates the association between emotional intelligence and job satisfaction as well as between emotional intelligence and job tenure (company and hotel industry). Data were collected from supervisory and managerial employees of one hotel company located in the Midwest of the United States. Results show that several emotional intelligence components (Intrapersonal, General Mood, and Stress Management) are predictors of some job satisfaction categories (Nature of Work, Communication, Contingent Rewards, and Coworkers), and that the Interpersonal component of emotional intelligence is a predictor of longevity in the hotel industry but not longevity with the company. Based on study results, implications are provided for practitioners.


Objective To determine the content of polysaccharide of prepared pinellia tuber. Methods The content was determined by sulfuric acid-anthrone colorimetric method with wavelength at (624±1)nm. Results The content of polysaccharide was 2.533 mg/g in prepared pinellia tuber. The average recovery was 99.54% and RSD was 1.69%. Conclusion The methods was simple, steady and reproducible.


A robust approach to recover the shape of an object from shading information is presented. The scheme is derived based on the perturbation method that minimizes a cost function for computing a surface height from a single image given the imaging model and light direction. To describe the desired solution variables as a linear combination of a set of basis functions, the Ritz method is applied in our approach to discretize the cost function associated with the regularized shape from shading problem. This kind of discretization is simple and the concept of signal representation by a set of weighted basis functions can be clearly stated. To enhance the robustness of alternative scheme, two new constraints are added into the cost function. They constrain the behavior of high-order change rate between the variables, and bound the variables more tightly. Thus, the changes of variables will be more regular. Hence, new constraints strengthen the relations between the input image and the reconstructed surface height. After finding the weighting coefficients using a perturbation method, the solution of the SFS problem will finally be decided.


Trends in Absenteeism due to Sickness and Injury between 1986 and 1995 at a Shipbuilding Company: Hironobu Katsuyama, et al. Department of Public Health, Kawasaki Medical School—Absentee records between 1986 and 1995 were examined at a shipbuilding company in Kobe. Although the absentees took longer absences at the company than in other companies which belonged to the Shipbuilders' Association of Japan, the annual incidence rate and the annual rate of days absent due to all sicknesses and injuries were decreased. In the circulatory and digestive diseases, the reduction was dramatic and, moreover, the length of absence per case was also reduced. The incidence rates for infectious and mental disorders were only slightly decreased, while the length of absence was significantly reduced. Neither the incidence rate nor the rate of days absent was significantly altered in either neoplasms, respiratory or musculoskeletal diseases but the annual incidence rate for musculoskeletal diseases alone was increasing slightly. Regarding 'lifestyle‐related diseases' with long latent periods, it seems to be very difficult even to establish an accurate estimation of their prevalence. However, neoplasms and diseases of the circulatory system were at least included in commonly observed causes‐of‐death. Although the absentee records mainly reflected the severe cases which required long absences, a reduction in the length of absence for the circulatory and digestive diseases as well as their incidence and prevalence suggested a decrease in seriousness in such diseases. To supply better occupational health care to the workers, further investigation of the cost‐benefit relationship is required.


This experimental program investigated the effects of cryogenic treatment on the mechanical properties and microstructures of AISI 4340 steel and aluminum alloy 7075. Mechanical tests including fatigue resistance, impact energy and hardness were carried out on both alloys, after they had undergone various heat treating conditions and the results were compared. Experimental results showed that the hardness and fatigue resistance of the cryogenically treated 4340 steel, in general, were a little higher than those of the conventionally treated steel. However, the toughness of the cryogenically treated steel was lower when compared to that of the conventionally treated steel. The quantitative assessment of retained austenite using neutron diffraction technique was also explored. It is concluded that the transformation of retained austenite to martensite is the determining factor which improved hardness and fatigue resistance of the cryogenically treated 4340 steel. In aluminum alloy 7075, the results indicated that after cryogenic processing the fatigue resistance was lower than for conventionally solution and precipitation heat-treated samples. However, the hardness and toughness of the cryogenically treated samples were slightly higher in comparison to the conventional T6 treated specimens. The quantitative optical and electron microscopy has shown an increase in second phases after cryogenic treatment which was in agreement with x-ray diffraction results and electron dispersive spectroscopy (EDS)


A method for preparing intermediates N-aliphatic substituted p-phenylenediamines which comprises contacting an aliphatic amine or substituted aliphatic amine derivative and nitrobenzene in the presence of passing a solvent system and the reaction of aliphatic amine or substituted aliphatic amine derivative and nitrobenzene in the presence of a suitable base and a controlled amount of protic material at a suitable temperature in the organic reaction zone. In one embodiment, organic compounds are N-aliphatic substituted p-phenylenediamine are reduced to N-aliphatic substituted p-phenylenediamines and and N-aliphatic substituted p-phenylenediamines can be reductively alkylated to N'-alkylated N-aliphatic substituted p-phenylenediamines. In another embodiment, the intermediates N-aliphatic substituted p-phenylenediamine is reductively alkylated to N'-alkylated N-aliphatic substituted p-phenylenediamines.


Disclosed is an object to provide a thermal energy power machine and method of operation parallel motion. The invention relates to a thermal energy power machine and method of operation parallel motion, heat collector (1) and insulated pipe (2) and the gasification reactor (3) and atomizing device (4) and the cylinder (5 ) and the piston (6) piston rings (7) automatic exhaust valve (8) and cooler (9) liquid accumulator (10) and the pressure pump (11) push-pull rod (12) and the thermal insulation layer (13) and a housing (14); a housing (14) parallel to and facing on by two cylinders (5) is provided, the piston (6) provided in the cylinder (5), the piston on the piston (6) the provided ring (7), the piston (6) is provided in the push-pull rod (12) ends; heat collector (1) is connected to the gasification reactor (3) through the insulated pipe (2), the gasification reactor (3) an atomizing device (4) on the intake side is provided in the atomizing device (4) is pi Was connected to a pressure pump (11) via a pressure pump (11) is connected to the liquid storage tank (10) through a pipe; gasification reactor (3) is provided top dead center of the cylinder (5); Cylinder ( 5) are provided automatic exhaust valve (8) to the bottom dead center of the automatic exhaust valve (8) is connected to the cooler (9) through a pipe. Higher thermal energy conversion efficiency of thermal energy power equipment and its operation method of the parallel movement; adjustable output; machine structure is simple, inexpensive to manufacture, work index in twice the single-cylinder work rate; conventional can be an alternative to the energy consumption, high economic benefits, consideration to energy and the environment, noise is also small. .The


This paper describes a 0.13-µm CMOS sub-threshold (sub-VT) mixed-signal system-on-chip (SoC) that acquires and processes an electrocardiogram (ECG) signal for wireless ECG monitoring. The SoC uses a sub-threshold digital microcontroller (μC) for adaptive control of the sub-VT biased analog components and for processing the ECG data. The μC operates from 0.24 V to 1.2 V and consumes as little as 1.51 pJ per instruction. The SoC consumes only 2.6 µW while providing either heart rate or ECG data.


The plant cell wall is a rigid but highly dynamic structure that provides mechanical support, protection against pathogen attack, and determines the direction and extent of cell expansion (Humphrey et al., 2007). The dynamic nature of the plant cell wall allows growing cells to expand while providing the mechanical strength required to resist the forces of turgor pressure exerted on the cell (Cosgrove, 2000). The properties of the cell wall are modified during growth and development as well as in response to a wide variety of environmental stimuli. In order to maintain the integrity of the wall and to adjust its properties to accommodate the changing needs of the cell, plants respond to perturbations to the wall and environmental cues by remodeling matrix polysaccharides and by regulating the cell wall biosynthetic machinery. The components and mechanisms underlying such a signaling system remain largely unknown, but emerging evidence has implicated several receptor-like kinases as regulators of cell wall function. Plant cell walls are composite structures composed primarily of cellulose andmatrix polysaccharides such as hemicelluloses and pectins (Somerville et al., 2004). In addition to wall polymers, structural proteins provide a quantitatively small but important contribution to the wall. The major load-bearing components of the cell wall are the cellulose microfibrils, which, in longitudinally expanding cells, are deposited primarily in an orientation perpendicular to the axis of expansion, thus constricting radial expansion (Green, 1980; Taiz, 1984; Baskin, 2005). Consistent with a role in differential cell expansion, cellulose-deficient mutants and seedlings treated with inhibitors of cellulose synthesis display reduced or no growth anisotropy, and this is generally accompanied by cell and organ swelling (Somerville, 2006). The oriented deposition of cellulose is guided by underlying cortical microtubules; thus, cortical microtubules are thought to be key determinants of anisotropic growth (Baskin, 2001; Paredez et al., 2006; Lucas and Shaw, 2008). In the primary cell wall, cellulose is synthesized at the plasma membrane by a hexameric protein complex called cellulose synthase (CESA). Each hexamer is composed of six CESA proteins that each synthesize a b-1,4-linked glucan chain. A combination of expression analyses, genetic studies, and coimmunoprecipitation experiments have defined roles for the various CESA isoforms in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). CESA1, CESA3, and CESA6 interact with each other to form a class of rosettes that function in primary cell wall biosynthesis (Desprez et al., 2007). CESA2, CESA5, and CESA9 also likely function in primary cell wall synthesis in a manner such that they are partially redundant with CESA6 at different stages of growth (Desprez et al., 2007; Persson et al., 2007). CESA4, CESA7, and CESA8 constitute a distinct subset of rosettes that function in secondary cell wall biosynthesis (Taylor et al., 2000, 2003). Single mutants in any one of the genes encoding these CESA proteins are deficient in cellulose biosynthesis, which suggests that a functional cellulose synthase complex requires contributions from three different CESA subunits (Desnos et al., 1996; Arioli et al., 1998; Taylor et al., 1999, 2000; Fagard et al., 2000; Caño-Delgado et al., 2003; Taylor, 2008). The same structure and composition that lends strength and rigidity to the wall also serves to constrain cell expansion. While cell wall loosening is essential for expansion, this must be balanced with polymer synthesis and wall restrengthening to prevent the cell wall from rupturing. Such wall remodeling is facilitated by the activity of loosening and strengthening agents that modify cell wall polysaccharides. For example, wall loosening is accomplished through the activities of hydroxyl radicals, expansins, xyloglucan endoglucosylase/ hydrolases, and endo-(1,4)-b-D-glucanases, whereas the extensins and peroxidases function in wall rigidification (Cosgrove, 2005; Humphrey et al., 2007). Coordinating wall loosening with wall-strengthening activities during cell expansion requires the ability of the cell to monitor changes in wall integrity and to signal back to regulate the machinery involved in the synthesis and modification of the cell wall components. Such a cell wall signaling system has been well characterized in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Levin, 2005). In this system, the cell Wall integrity and Stress response Component (WSC) and Mating Induced Death2 (MID2) cell surface receptors func1 This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (grant no. IOS–0624377). * Corresponding author; e-mail firstname.lastname@example.com. The author responsible for distribution of materials integral to the findings presented in this article in accordance with the policy described in the Instructions for Authors (www.plantphysiol.org) is: Joseph J. Kieber (firstname.lastname@example.com). www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/doi/10.1104/pp.110.155887


This paper analyzes the similarities and differences between the Chinese and English language by means of comparison, indicating that influenced by their own history and traditions, social customs, religious beliefs and national psychology, etc., different nations have their different uses of colors and color words. Therefore, it is practically useful to know and study these color words and their different fixed uses, thus promoting the cultural communication.


Introduction. HadCRUT4v3 observed surface temperature data (Morice et al. 2012) indicate that during 2014, record annual mean warm anomalies occurred in regions of Europe, the eastern North Pacific region (EPac), and the western North Atlantic (WAtl) (Fig. 13.1b). Considering the 5° × 5° grid cells with at least 100 years of coverage, 12% of this area globally set a new warm record during 2014, and none set a cold record (Fig. 13.1b). Globally since 1990, there have been almost no cold annual mean records observed at this spatial scale (Knutson et al. 2013). The unprecedented warm surface temperature anomalies in 2014 were accompanied by anomalous atmospheric circulations, changes in seasonal weather, and adverse effects on regional ecosystems (Bond et al. 2015). To explore the possible contributions of anthropogenic radiative forcings to these unprecedented regional warm anomalies, we use a 25-model set of historical all-forcing (anthropogenic + natural) and control (unforced) climate model runs, along with a 10-model set of natural-forcing-only ensemble historical runs from the Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5-All and CMIP5–Nat; Taylor et al. 2012). Many of our methods follow Knutson et al. (2013, 2014), and some descriptive text is derived from these reports with minor modification.


In May 2019, A Night in the Forum videogame was published in the Sony PlayStation store, for PS VR. It was the final result of the REVEAL EU project, whose goal was to identify strategies, features, and tools to develop educational titles in a more efficient, cost-effective, and valuable way, exploiting their educational, cognitive, and engaging potential for schools and cultural tourism. Environmental Narrative videogames was chosen as a genre suited for this purposes. This article presents how known issues in the production of videogames have been faced, the solutions identified, and results obtained.


The problem of stent restenosis (SRI) in the femoropopliteal artery (FP) has not yet been resolved; the predictive factors of the mechanisms and treatment in FP-ISR are unclear. The objective of this study is to investigate and give a clear explanation of the mechanisms and factors of FP-ISR that contributed to ISR, as well as a brief survey of the methods that have been used to treat FP-ISR. Methods of treatment with FP-ISR, such as medical, endovascular and bypass surgery, are used for several types of FP-ISR, the DEB device chosen as the first recommended method due to its effectiveness and ease of use.
 Keywords: Digital Natives, Digital Immigrants, Museum, TAM, Interactive Kiosk


In order to introduce carboxylic acid groups at the surface of poly(ethylene) (PE) films, an attempt was made to covalently link a preadsorbed layer of poly(acrylic acid) (PAAc) on a PE film by an argon or tetrafluoromethane (CF4) plasma treatment. Surface analysis was performed by XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) and water contact angle measurements. It was shown that by treatment of a PAAc layer preadsorbed on PE with an argon or a CF4 plasma, a small amount of carboxylic acid groups was introduced at the surface. A similar amount of these groups was obtained by plasma treatment of PE films without a preadsorbed PAAc layer. A comparison of the etching rates of PAAc and PE by either an argon or a CF4 plasma, showed that PAAc is etched much faster by both types of plasmas than PE. The preadsorbed PAAc layer on PE is etched off before it could be immobilized by either an argon or a CF4 plasma treatment. Additionally the effect of treating PE films for very short times with an argon or a CF4 plasma was studied. After an induction period of approximately 0.1 s, the oxidation during the argon plasma treatment and the fluorination during the CF4 plasma treatment were proportional to the logarithm of the treatment time for time periods up to 50 s.


Abstract This paper presents analysis and design of a modified synchronous buck converter used as an intermediate stage of a three-stage high-intensity discharge (HID) electronic ballast. In order to improve the efficiency of the electronic ballast, a synchronous buck converter operating in a new critical continuous conduction mode is proposed. Unlike a standard buck converter which is typically used as an intermediate stage of HID ballasts, in the proposed topology the soft-switching is achieved which significantly improves the efficiency of the three-stage high-intensity discharge electronic ballast. The modified synchronous buck converter and a two-loop controller are analyzed and implemented for a 400W HID lamp. Experimental results of a 400W HID electronic ballast operating in three modes of operation: open circuit (OCM), short circuit (SCM), and power control mode (PCM) is presented.


Casati and Fujikawa respond to Markus Gabriel's view that the world does not exist. They summarize and formalize Gabriel's argument, show how it does not succeed, and engage with Graham Priest's contribution to this volume along the way.


The Messina Strait Bridge would be the world's longest suspension bridge, with a design earthquake characterised by a PGA value of 0.58 g and a distance between the ipocenter and the bridge of 15 km. Said critical structure of course would need a suitable restraint system for traffic braking loads, wind and seismic actions. Each type of load requires a specific behaviour of the restraint system, making its design a big challenge.The restraint system comprises special types of fluid viscous dampers, installed both in longitudinal and transverse direction, both at the towers and at the anchorages. In seismic conditions they behave as viscous dampers, to reduce the forces on the structural elements and the movements of the bridge deck. But in service dynamic conditions, e.g. under traffic or wind load, the devices shall behave like shock transmission units, thus preventing the longitudinal and transverse movements of the deck.FIP Industriale cooperated with the selected General Contractor, a consortium lead ...


During the development of the Treaty of Rome it was decided that, to assure a common market, it was enough to harmonise indirect taxes and remove trade barriers as they were the prime inhibitors to the fl ow of goods and services. The harmonisation of direct (income) taxes was not considered as they were seen as not signifi cantly affecting the single internal market. Problems tied to direct taxation became visible as integration proceeded, the EU grew, its citizens began to migrate, multinational enterprises increased in size and scope and their fi nancial fl ows (capital and profi t transfers between headquarters and subsidiaries in different EU countries) became seriously affected.


In this study, a laser headlight electric control system was developed and implemented to measure and compare the electro-optic characteristics of the laser diodes. To observe different temperatures influenced the optical output power (OOP) and electrical power variations of the laser diodes, which was placed in an ambient temperature–testing chamber, and then the electro-optic characteristics of the laser diodes could be measured to calculate the electro-optic translation efficiencies. In conclusion, the different OOPs and electro-optic translation efficiencies at different temperatures could be obtained when OOP adjustment was performed by continuous constant-current and pulse-duty-cycle modulation technologies.


To compare the risks of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all‐cause mortality associated with sulfonylurea (SU), dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitor (DPP4i) and thiazolidinedione (TZD) as add‐on medications to metformin (MET) therapy in people with Type 2 diabetes.


ABSTRACT: This study evaluated the relative competitiveness of two common bean cultivars in coexistence with volunteer corn emerging at different times in different proportions of plants in the association. Firstly, for both beans and volunteer corn, the plant population was determined in which the final production of dry biomass becomes constant (24 plants pot-1). A completely randomized experiment design, with five replicates, was carried out in a 2×2×5 factorial scheme, involving two common bean cultivars (IPR Gralha and Fepagro Triunfo), two emergence times of volunteer corn plants (-7 and 0 days in relation to beans) and five proportions of plants in the association (100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75 and 0:100). At 35 days after bean emergence, measurements of plant height, leaf area and dry biomass of the aerial part of both species were measured. The competitiveness analysis was evaluated through diagrams applied to substitutive experiments and the use of relative competitiveness indices. The height of bean cultivars is reduced when volunteer corn emerges at the highest proportions and in advance. Early emergence of volunteer corn reduces leaf area from both bean cultivars while simultaneous emergence only reduces the leaf area of Triunfo. The dry matter biomass is lowered, due to the competition of the corn emerged before the bean, and the cultivar Gralha is more tolerant. In this way, the importance of the bean sowing in an area free from infestation of volunteer corn plants is verified.


A new program for the calculation of theoretical spectra and wavelength dependent degrees of the linear and circular polarization for magnetic white dwarfs with hydrogen atmospheres has been developed. The main improvements compared to previous models are a more realistic treatment of the bound-free absorption and of the magnetooptical parameters arising from free electrons in the continuum.


To the Editor:

Treatment with thyroid hormone (TH) or TH analogs represents a novel therapeutic challenge in cardiac patients with nonthyroidal illness. Actually, many observational studies in humans have shown a negative prognostic impact of low l-triiodothyronine (T3) syndrome in cardiac disease.1 Also, experimental animal data have shown the beneficial effects of TH and TH analogs on cardiac remodeling and function in dilated cardiomyopathy, hypertension, and myocardial infarction without increasing heart rate above control values.1 Moreover, a rat study showed that hypothyroidism alone can eventually lead to heart failure.2

In the placebo-controlled study by Goldman et al,3 …


BACKGROUND
Therapeutic nuclear magnetic resonance therapy (MRT) works based on the electromagnetic fields.

AIM
To investigate efficacy of MRT in knee osteoarthritis (OA).

DESIGN
Prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled trial.

SETTING
Outpatient clinic, university hospital.

POPULATION
Patients who had mild to moderate knee OA at a single knee joint and between 30-75-years-old were randomized by blinded chip cards (1:1).

METHODS
The treatment group received ten sessions of one hour daily MRT, controls received placebo MRT. All patients underwent clinical examination at baseline, after 2 weeks, and 12 weeks. Imaging included blindly assessed ultrasonography and magnetic resonance (MR) of the knee.

RESULTS
Ninety-seven patients completed the study. Both groups improved significantly but the average change from baseline in outcome parameters was similar in MRT group (on VAS-pain,-2.6; WOMAC-pain, -2.09; WOMAC-stiffness, -1.81; WOMAC-physical, -1.96) compared to placebo after two weeks (VAS-pain,-1.6; WOMAC-pain, -1.91; WOMAC-stiffness, -1.27; WOMAC-physical, -1.54). Also changes were quite similar at the 12th week after the treatment. SF-36 components at 12th week improved but changes were not significant. Imaging arm also failed to show significant differences between groups in terms of cartilage thickness on US and MR scores. No adverse events were recorded.

CONCLUSIONS
MRT is safe, but not superior to placebo in terms of improvement in clinical or imaging parameters after a 10-day course of treatment in mild to moderate knee OA.

CLINICAL REHABILITATION IMPACT
The present study does not promote use of a 10-day course of MRT in mild to moderate knee OA.


We prove that Khovanov homology detects the trefoils. Our proof incorporates an array of ideas in Floer homology and contact geometry. It uses open books; the contact invariants we defined in the instanton Floer setting; a bypass exact triangle in sutured instanton homology, proven here; and Kronheimer and Mrowka's spectral sequence relating Khovanov homology with singular instanton knot homology. As a byproduct, we also strengthen a result of Kronheimer and Mrowka on $SU(2)$ representations of the knot group.


The quality of the environment has gradually become a matter for discrimination within populations, and an asset that it is important to preserve for the long term in the interests of humanity. The analysis of social movements and scientific trends, as well as several works relating to environmental inequality, reveal that such preservation for the benefit of present and future generations is difficult to link to the fight against social and environmental inequality ; indeed, it tends to reinforce that inequality. In order to better understand that difficulty, the authors, by adding to the thoughts of P. Rosanvallon, wonder about the links of solidarity where the sentiment of equality has been revived. They go on to show that in the face of environmental challenges, the "community of destiny", widened to include past and future generations, is called into question, because it is distinct from "communities of testing", which are plural in nature and made up of collectives that are socially and ecologically structured.


The treatment of complicated cholelithiasis usually combined with a variety of surgical techniques,and sometimes needed to be gradually implemented in stages.The treatment paincilpe of complicated choletithiasis was clearing stones,eliminating lesions,relieving obstruction and expditing drainage.Cholecystojejunostomy is the important technical means to ensure expditing drainage.


Current state-of-the-art image captioning systems generally produce a sentence from left to right, and every step is conditioned on the given image and previously generated words. Nevertheless, such autoregressive nature makes the inference process difficult to parallelize and leads to high captioning latency. In this paper, we propose a non-autoregressive approach for faster image caption generation. Technically, low-dimension continuous latent variables are shaped to capture semantic information and word dependencies from extracted image features before sentence decoding. Moreover, we develop an iterative back modification inference algorithm, which continuously refines the latent variables with a look back mechanism and parallelly generates the whole sentence based on the updated latent variables in a constant number of steps. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our method achieves competitive performance compared to prevalent autoregressive captioning models while significantly reducing the decoding time on average.


Abstract This study aimed to identify the extent nomophobia explains smartphone addiction, controlling for age and gender effects. Participants were 316 people from the 22 Brazilian states (Mage = 28.1 years), most from Paraíba (38.9%) and Piauí (16.5%), equally distributed between genders. They answered the Nomophobia Questionnaire, the Smartphone Addition Scale and demographic questions. The results demonstrate that the factors of the nomophobia measure explained smartphone addiction, indicating that more nomophobic behavior equates to increased smartphone addiction, especially in the younger participants, there was no difference regarding gender. These findings are discussed according to the literature on adherence to new technologies, revealing the current problem of smartphone addiction in young people.


INTRODUCTION: To reduce intensive care stay and that of postoperative hospital stay in pulmonary surgery service with a minimal morbidity and mortality becomes in a real research trend for most of thoracic surgery service at world scale. Aim of this paper was to assess results of quality and effectiveness in a thoracic surgery service. METHODS: During a period of 2 years we performed consecutive pulmonary resections by thoracotomy and patients underwent extubation in operating room and referred during the first 24 hours to a progressive care ward. Thoracic tubes were placed with water seal and removed at third postoperative day if there was not an aerial escape and if drain was smaller than 150 mL/day. We used a epidural catheter removed at second postoperative day. Patient was discharged the same day of removed the last tube. RESULTS: At present study were included 156 patients (men) with a mean age of 58 years (rank, 21-78 years). In 9 of them a pneumonectomy was performed (6%) and lobectomy and bi-lobectomy in 110 patients (71%). Extra-anatomical resections were used for metastasectomies. One hundred ninety nine patients (96%) underwent extubation in operating room, and 112 of them (72%) were sending during the first hours to a progressive care unit. There were complications in 28 patients (18%), and operative mortality was of 5% (8 patients). Postoperative mean stay was of 4 days (rank, 2-25 days). Ninety nine patients (64%) were discharged at forth postoperative day or before. The 97% reported an excellent or good satisfaction degree. CONCLUSIONS: Most of patients could be immediately underwent extubation at operating room, they went directly to ward or needed minimal progressive cares and were discharged at third or fourth postoperative day. Morbidity and mortality were acceptable with a high level of satisfaction at discharge and at follow-up in ambulatory consultation 2 weeks after discharge. Techniques allow us to achieve these results included systematic use of water seal, removal of epidural catheter at 2 postoperative day and early management of thoracic tubes.


Natural Language Processing (NLP) systems involve Natural Language Understanding (NLU), Dialogue Management (DM) and Natural Language Generation (NLG). The purpose of this work involves integrating learning with examples and rule-based processing to design an NLP system. The design
 involves a three-stage processing framework, which combines syntactic generation, semantic extraction and a strong rule-based control. The syntactic generator generates syntax by aligning sentences with Part-of-Speech (POS) tags limited by the number of words in the lexicon. The semantic extractor
 extracts meaningful keywords from the queries raised. The above two modules are controlled by generalized rules by the rule-based controller module. The system is evaluated under different domains. The results reveal that the accuracy of the system is 92.33% on an average. The design process
 is simple, and the processing time is 2.12 seconds, which is minimal compared to similar statistical models. The performance of an NLP tool in a certain task can be estimated by the quality of its predictions on the classification of unseen data. The results reveal similar performance with
 existing systems indicating the possibility of usage for similar tasks. The system supports a vocabulary of about 700 words and can be used as an NLP module in a spoken dialogue system for various domains or task areas.


The pandemic explosion of type 2 diabetes incidence is well established, due to dramatic global changes in lifestyle over the past few decades and in the foreseeable future. To alter the course of this trend may take, at best, up to half a century. Until then, we need, in addition to lifestyle guidance, pharmacological solutions to reduce the markedly increasing incidence of macrovascular complications that, in its wake, confer a huge burden on patients and their families as well as an enormous economic burden to society. In the United States, for example, diabetes afflicts more than 21 million people, with an estimated cost of around $130 billion annually (http://diabetes.niddk.nih.gov/ dm/pubs/statistics/index.htm#7). The Steno 2 study has clearly demonstrated the efficacy of aggressive intervention against dyslipidemia, hypertension, and elevated glycemia brought on by diabetes (1). In daily life, however, it is also clear that less than half of the type 2 diabetic patients reach the recommended glycemic level employing so-called standard therapy, i.e. sulfonylureas, metformin, thiazolidinediones, and insulin. Hence, all new efficient blood glucose-lowering compounds without serious side effects are greeted with open arms. The glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1) concept holds promise. GLP-1 is mainly secreted by the intestinal L cells, although neural signals probably also contribute. The active peptides [GLP-1(7-37) and GLP-1(7-36) amide] increase insulin secretion in a glucose-dependent manner, i.e. lowering risk of hypoglycemia, decreasing basal as well as postprandial glucagon secretion, delaying gastric emptying, and increasing satiety by actions in the hypothalamus. Animal and in vitro models have shown that GLP-1 also increases -cell proliferation and neogenesis and decreases apoptosis (2). In these models, GLP-1 has other extrapancreatic effects beyond those described above, but whether these effects are also reflected in humans remains to be seen. In the circulation, GLP-1 undergoes enzymatic deactivation to GLP-1(9-37) and GLP-1(9-36) amide within minutes, primarily by dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4), an enzyme present on the surface of lymphocytes, macrophages, and endothelial cells, and in tissues, such as the pancreas, liver, intestine, kidneys, and lungs. Localization of DDP-4 in endothelial cells indicates that degradation already takes place upon GLP-1 entry into the capillaries; endothelial DPP-4 in the liver degrades 50% of the protein. From this it can be deduced that only approximately 15% of the secreted GLP-1 reaches the pancreas in its intact form (3). DPP-4 also metabolizes other biologically active peptides of relevance in the regulation of carbohydrate metabolism such as glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, and gastrin-releasing polypeptide. Active GLP-1 operates through the GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) belonging to the class B family of seven-transmembrane-spanning, heterotrimeric G protein-coupled receptors. Apart from the cells of the islet of Langerhans, several tissues express GLP-1R, including the heart, central nervous system, kidneys, lungs, stomach, intestine, and pituitary gland, as well as the nodose ganglion of abdominal vagal afferent nerve fibers, the central branches of which terminate in the brain stem. The presence of GLP-1Rs in skeletal muscle, liver, and adipose tissue is debatable. Due to the short half-life of native GLP-1, it is not feasible for long-term use, but its parenteral use may be of interest during acute medical and/or surgical conditions (4). For long-term therapy, two classes of pharmaceutical agents are involved and are still in development: 1) long-acting analogs, or so-called GLP-1 mimetics; and 2) DPP-4 inhibitors, or so-called incretin enhancers.


The analysis of existing methods of identification of animals and livestock production is carried out to RT; the main problems connected with the organization of identification are defined, and possible ways of their decision are planned.


To what content is Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) likely to meet the needs of learners of English in China? It's a question still under debate,under discussion,having generated much interest in this field.By analyzing the development of CLT abroad and home,the comparison of EFL and ESL,the challenges and opportunities we meet in the application of CLT,the extent to which CLT is likely to meet the needs of learners in China is further discussed.


This article examines the significance of kinship among the late medieval English nobility through a case study of the Nevilles of Middleham, one of the most prolific and best-matched noble houses which also, notoriously, failed to co-operate in politics. It argues that it is wrong to treat the whole kinship network (lineage) as a family, an approach which raises unreal expectations of solidarity among quite distant relatives, substitutes instead the nuclear family, and suggests a life-cycle of evolution from family of origin to new family. It illustrates the development of distinct and even contradictory identities with the Warwick inheritance dispute of 1449–61 and Edward IV's fostering of political divisions among the Neville brothers in 1469–70. Kinship was a cement that dissolved with the passage of time. It was not itself a source of division.


In order to quantify the attenuation bias claimed in Quick's paper, he starts from the premise that the Clean Air Markets Division (CAMD) data exhibits greater random measurement error than the Energy Information Administration (EIA) data. His rebuttal states (emphasis added): "However, Figure 1 of Quick (2014) shows that the differences between the EIA and CAMD CO2 emission measurements are normally distributed around a mean near zero, which is clear evidence of random measurement error." And later, "the greater variability of the CAMD emission rates is a necessary and inevitable outcome of greater random CAMD measurement error." These statements and Figure 1 of the rebuttal are helpful in clarifying the misinterpretation of the data used in Quick's study. If there were many repeat measurements at a single power plant from each of the CAMD and EIA data sets, we might be persuaded to Quick's position on measurement error. But, this is not what is available in these two data sets. There is only one measurement at each power plant from each data set. A single measurement, by itself, cannot be used to assess random measurement error. One cannot pool those single measurements across all power plants analyzed to assess random measurement error because the "true" emission amount is different at each facility. The greater CAMD variance could just as easily be explained by the CAMD data perfectly reflecting the true emissions and the EIA randomly varying about that true emission amount. We provide supplementary material with a statistical analysis of this issue, written by colleague Dr. Bo Li (Professor of Statistics, University of Illinois). Since there is no statistical basis to support greater measurement error in one of the two datasets, the slope and standard error of the regressed relationships provide no information on attenuation bias.


We present a new 2.5D inversion result of the Sleipner CSEM data that was acquired in 2008 for the purpose of monitoring the injected CO2. The new result shows more details of the CO2 plume in comparison to previous inversion results. In addition, we can identify accumulation of potential free gas in the region. According to the result, 1) there seems no indication of the injected CO2 leaking through the cap rock and overburden, and 2) all the mass of the injected CO2 is within the CO2 plume body detected by the CSEM inversion. The study also confirms that the marine CSEM can be an important and essential tool for offshore CO2 storage monitoring, yet when combined together with seismic and gravity. This study also demonstrates that CSEM can work, even when data interferes with infra-structures e.g. seabed pipeline.


A real-time system was designed to meet the requirement of real-time monitoring system based on a 3-tier B/S structure in petrochemical enterprise.Depending on the existing DCS and AspenTech InfoPlus.21,the system can monitor the real-time state of plants and equipments remotely to guarantee the production process more secure,stable and efficient.


Two-component hyperbolic system of equations generated by ordinary differential Painlev\'e I \[ u_{yy}=6u^2+y \] and Painlev\'e III \[ yuu_{yy}=yu^2_{y}-uu_y+\delta y+\beta u+\alpha u^3 +\gamma yu^4 \] equations are considered, where $\alpha, \beta, \gamma, \delta$ are complex numbers. The structure of characteristic Lie rings is studied and higher symmetries of Lie-B\"acklund are obtained.


Vienna's radial concentric urban development produced a sustainable, crisis-proof urban structure. The city shape is almost circular with two main natural borders - river Danube in the North and the Wienerwald in the West. The authors focus on the historical development of Vienna, both politically and as regards transportation, culminating in a description of the modern city. At present, no location in Vienna, is more than 15 minutes walking distance from a public transport stop. With 120 lines (subway, trams and buses) Vienna offers today a public transport network with over 4.500 stops on almost 1.000 km of routes. Furthermore the Transport Master Plan and the Urban Development Plan are both designed to improve the accessibility of locations and thus their attractiveness. They are in line with the urban development strategies which generally reduce the need for mobility, including a compact city and a polycentric urban structure. A final section discusses the revival of the pedestrian and bicyclist city.


Address for correspondence Ram Bajpai, PhD, School of Medicine, Keele University, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, United Kingdom (e-mail: email@example.com). DOI https://doi.org/ 10.1055/s-0041-1727066 ISSN 2454-6798 © 2021. Spring Hope Cancer Foundation & Young Oncologist Group of Asia. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial-License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit.


This research proposes to identify techniques, tools, models and programming languages appropriate for the design and development of a secure application using Blockchain, since this technology is not only for cryptocurrencies, it can also develop applications for different sectors such as: health, insurance, stock exchange, real estate, value chains, financial, among others. Within its applicability are smart contracts, which became a very relevant topic when implementing disruptive technologies, however, currently it is still in a precursor phase that starts with some ideas, which foresees many challenges for researchers, engineers, technical and administrative staff of organizations. The development methodology takes as a reference UWE, web-oriented engineering, platforms for Blockchain environments, programming languages, tools for the development of smart contracts, the results obtained determine the existence of several platforms, programming languages and other tools that allow establishing the architecture of information systems that adapt this disruptive technology that provides many advantages to the user as long as the proper use is given, since it allows its applicability to different areas for the benefit of society in general.


The HEC-6T 1D numerical sedimentation model was used to evaluate the long-term and system-wide sedimentation effects of modifying the operation schedule at the Old River Control Complex (ORCC). The changes evaluated were the increase and decrease of the percentages of flow diverted from the Mississippi River at the ORCC and the modification of the distributions through the four ORCC structures. Also evaluated were dredging scenarios that removed sediment from the bed of the Mississippi River at the ORCC. Sedimentation effects for several operation and dredging scenarios were compared to a Base Condition that represented the existing operation protocols. The predictive simulations extended for 50 years. The model was used to calculate and compare sand transport past various gages along the Mississippi River and in the Outflow Channel. Dredging volumes at the deep-draft crossings and in Southwest Pass and above Head of Passes were compared. Differences in water-surface profiles in the vicinity of ORCC were determined.


From 5/89 to 5/01, 256 patients (pts) with classical Hodgkin's disease were treated on prospective trials with the weekly Stanford V (doxorubicin, vinblastine, mustard, vincristine, bleomycin, etoposide, prednisone) regimen +/− radiotherapy (RT). Pts with non-bulky stage I-IIA disease received 8 weeks Stanford V + 30 Gy involved field RT (G4 protocol, n=87) at Stanford (n=52) or Northern California Kaiser Permanente (n=35). Pts with bulky stage II (mediastinal mass > 1/3 intrathoracic diameter) or III,IV disease received 12 weeks Stanford V + 36 Gy to sites >=5 cm or macroscopic splenic disease (G2,3 protocol, n =169) at Stanford University. Bulky mediastinal pts received mediastinal, hilar and bilateral supraclavicular RT but no axillary or high neck RT to sites =4} with advanced stage disease, 16 (67%) were successfully treated with second-line therapy. Eleven pts have died: 6 from Hodgkin's disease and 1 each from suicide, complications of second-line transplantation, influenza, lung cancer, and unknown cause. No cases of secondary myelodysplasia/leukemia or non-Hodgkin's lymphoma have occurred. Second cancers included 1 prostate (no pelvic RT), 1 colon ( no abdominal RT but TBI used with second-line transplant), 1 lung (no RT) and 2 breast (1 with DCIS after mediastinal RT, 1 after axillary RT for >10 cm mass). To date, 72 post-treament conceptions (excluding pre-treament semen or embryo cryopreservation) were recorded with 65 live births (+ 4 current pregnancies) among 34 men and 30 women. In our hands, the Stanford V + RT regimen was effective with modest toxicity and 25% pts conceived post-treatment. An international score >=4 was the major adverse prognostic factor; the majority of relapses were successfully treated secondarily. These data support definitive testing of this treatment program as in the ongoing E2496 Intergroup Study for bulky and advanced stage disease. Efficacy and Late Effects


Background: Children with chronic physical illnesses frequently have psychiatric comorbidities, which often go un-noticed and may lead to more resource utilization and morbidity. Pediatric liaison services can be effectively used to bridge this gap. Literature on pediatric liaison services is sparse. Aims: To study the referral patterns, reasons for referrals, psychiatric diagnoses and interventions in children and adolescents referred to psychiatry department in a tertiary care hospital. Materials and Methods: A retrospective chart analysis of all children and adolescents below 19 years of age, referred to psychiatry department from 2010 to 2015, was done. Data was collected and statistical analysis was done. Results: Two hundred and nine subjects were included in the study. Mean age of sample was 12.15 (±4.20) years, with about 66.02% being males. About 54.06% of the participants were referred from pediatricians. Almost three fourth (72.25%) of children had no diagnosable physical illness. Intellectual disability (19.62%) was the most common psychiatric diagnosis, followed by depressive disorders (14.35%), and dissociative disorders (12.92%). Conclusions: In our study, majority of the referrals were the adolescent males from pediatric department. Intellectual disability, depressive disorder, and stress-related disorders were the common diagnoses. The fact that three-fourth of the referred children had no physical illness implies lack of awareness, stigma toward mental illness, and pathway of care.


Practice of conservation biology that does not actively and continuously question the values that shape it is self-defeating: Conservation biology is inescapably normative. Advocacy for the preservation of biodiversity is part of the scientific practice of conservation biology. If the editorial policy of or the publications in Conservation Biology direct the discipline toward an "objective, value-free" approach, then they do not educate and transform society but rather narrow the focus to the "object of knowledge" (be this species, gene pools, landscapes, or ecosystems). To pretend that the acquisition of "positive knowledge" alone will avert mass extinctions is misguided. Conservation biologists should reflect on the constitutive values (especially contextual, but also methodological and bias) underlying their research programs and policy recommendations. Such reflection is itself an inherent element of scientific objectivity and takes into account the social nature of scientific knowledge. Without openly acknowledging such a perspective, conservation biology could become merely a subdiscipline of biology, intellectually and functionally sterile and incapable of averting an anthropogenic mass extinction.


We present the electron beam energy dependence of the emission spectra of multiply charged Bi ions measured with an electron beam ion trap in the wavelength range of the water window. Experimental results are compared to the theoretical ones calculated with the flexible atomic code.


The incidence of spinal pathology in 18 children with non-accidental head injury was determined in a study at Nottingham University Hospitals, UK.


In this paper we consider feedback stabilization for parabolic variational inequalities of obstacle type with time and space depending reaction and convection coefficients and show exponential stabilization to nonstationary trajectories. Based on a Moreau-Yosida approximation, a feedback oper- ator is established using a finite (and uniform in the approximation index) number of actuators leading to exponential decay of given rate of the state variable. Several numerical examples are presented addressing smooth and nonsmooth obstacle functions.


Abstract We study topological automorphisms α of a totally disconnected, locally compact group G which are expansive in the sense that ⋂ n ∈ ℤ α n  ( U ) = { 1 } $\bigcap_{n\in{\mathbb{Z}}}\alpha^{n}(U)=\{1\}$ for some identity neighbourhood U ⊆ G ${U\subseteq G}$ . Notably, we prove that the automorphism induced by an expansive automorphism α on a quotient group G / N ${G/N}$ modulo an α-stable closed normal subgroup N is always expansive. Further results involve the contraction groups U α := { g ∈ G : α n  ( g ) → 1 as n → ∞ } . $U_{\alpha}:=\{g\in G:\mbox{${\alpha^{n}(g)\to 1}$ as ${n\to\infty}$}\}.$ If α is expansive, then U α  U α - 1 ${U_{\alpha}U_{\alpha^{-1}}}$ is an open identity neighbourhood in G. We give examples where U α  U α - 1 ${U_{\alpha}U_{\alpha^{-1}}}$ fails to be a subgroup. However, U α  U α - 1 ${U_{\alpha}U_{\alpha^{-1}}}$ is an α-stable, nilpotent open subgroup of G if G is a closed subgroup of GL n  ( ℚ p ) ${\operatorname{GL}_{n}({\mathbb{Q}}_{p})}$ . Further results are devoted to the divisible and torsion parts of U α ${U_{\alpha}}$ , and to the so-called "nub" nub  ( α ) = U α ¯ ∩ U α - 1 ¯ ${\operatorname{nub}(\alpha)=\overline{U_{\alpha}}\cap\overline{U_{\alpha^{-1}}}}$ of an expansive automorphism.


In this paper we describe the implementation of Russian language pipeline in LIMA multilingual analyzer and the results obtained in GramEval-2020 shared task. LIMA is a modular pipeline that implements rule-based and machine learning analysis components. Russian language pipeline includes deep neural networks based modules for tokenization, sentence segmentation, part of speech tagging, lemmatization and dependency parsing. Part of speech tags, feature tags and dependency trees conform to Universal Dependencies rules.


As an emerging organizational form,alliance network is being paid more attention,and many theoretical and methodological researched have been done from different perspective.In this paper,the organization learning theory is used,and the mechanism of organization learning is being analyzed in the course of forming alliance network from the organization learning perspective.Meanwhile,the interdynamic model between the organization learning and alliance network is being set up to portray its formation mechanism.


A polygraph is a tool which provides access, visualization and analysis for large amounts of recorded physiologic data. The goal of this work is to provide an open source framework for studying and detailing data. Recorded data, internal epochs, montages, and a graphic user interface (GUI) are linked together with this realization. Joining a large real time database with a sophisticated graphic user interface presented the design challenge. Each side of the equation requires connecting two unrelated worlds together. The first design issue is selecting a development software framework offering the highest level of integration plus allowing easy development in a rapid time with limited resources. The second is designing a format for real time data that


This paper reviews developments in active suspension control systems with particular emphasis on the performance of the practical components involved. The cost/benefit issues are discussed. Finally some thoughts regarding the future developments in the next generation of controlled suspension are offered.


Sino-soviet debate was a conflict of different Marxist internal ideologies,in which Stalin renewed Chinese Communist Party's thought on socialistic problem,and also inspired our thought on ideological and political education.The thinking pattern and its practice from"Sue for quit"to the Soviet practice for quit to"ring to rebel"type adjusted our routes and means,and had a great impact on our ideological and political education.


To study the nonlinear fracture mechanical characters of undisturbed frozen soils,the fracture TestⅠand TestⅡ based on the method of undisturbed frozen soils' field test before have been done.According to the variational rules of heave quantities,the frozen depths and time at different depths,the temperatures were controlled strictly when the specimens were being made and tested.Then the relationship between the specimen displacement of force point and the force has been measured by using the dynamic data acquisition system;and the corresponding nonlinear parameters have been calculated.A new method,which can use nonlinear revision factor to predict fracture toughness of undisturbed frozen soils,has been proposed.Moreover,using present method,nonlinear fracture toughness of TestⅠ and Test Ⅱstraight crack loading and unloading specimens has been also computed.Numerical comparison shows that present results agree well with those computed from rock fracture mechanics.Therefore,this new method could be used to test and revise nonlinear fracture toughness of undisturbed frozen soils.


1. Let p(z) be a polynomial of positive degree. The convex closure of the roots of p(z) will be called the Lucas polygon w of p{z). If p'{z) is the derivative of p(z) and ir' is its Lucas polygon, a theorem of Lucas implies that tt'Ct [l, p. 6]. Suppose we are given p'(z) and its corresponding it'. We wish to determine connections between t' and 7To, the intersection of all the Lucas polygons of the primitives p(z) +c of p'(z). It is obvious that tt0 is compact, convex, and contains w'. However 7r0 need not coincide with w' [l, p. 72]. Each point of the boundary of tto is a boundary point of the Lucas polygon ir(c) corresponding to some p(z)+c (see below). We find some necessary conditions on p(z)-\-c that its ir(c) have a boundary point in common With TT0-


Based upon the fast computation of the coefficients of the interpolation polynomials at Chebyshev-type points by FFT, DCT and IDST, respectively, together with the efficient evaluation of the modified moments by forwards recursions or by the Oliver's algorithm, this paper presents interpolating integration algorithms, by using the coefficients and modified moments, for Clenshaw-Curtis, Fej\'er's first and second-type rules for Jacobi or Jacobi weights multiplied by a logarithmic function. The corresponding {\sc Matlab} codes are included. Numerical examples illustrate the stability, accuracy of the Clenshaw-Curtis, Fej\'{e}r's first and second rules, and show that the three quadratures have nearly the same convergence rates as Gauss-Jacobi quadrature for functions of finite regularities for Jacobi weights, and are more efficient upon the cpu time than the Gauss evaluated by fast computation of the weights and nodes by {\sc Chebfun}.


Depending on the size and type of boiler, the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments required specific reductions in SO{sub 2} emissions from coal-fired electric utilities. To meet these requirements, SO{sub 2} reduction strategies have included installing scrubbing technology, switching to a more expensive low-sulfur coal, or purchasing SO{sub 2} allowances. It is expected that over the next 10 years there will be an increase in the price of low-sulfur coals, but that higher-sulfur coal costs will remain the same. Technologies must be strongly considered that allow the use of high-sulfur fuels while at the same time meeting current and future SO{sub 2} emission limits. One such technology is the ammonia based flue gas desulfurization (FGD) (NH{sub 3}-based FGD) system manufactured by Marsulex Environmental Technologies (MET). The MET scrubber is a patented NH{sub 3}-based FGD process that efficiently converts SO{sub 2} (>95%) into a fertilizer product, ammonium sulfate ([NH{sub 4}]{sub 2}SO{sub 4}). A point of concern for the MET technology, as well as other FGD systems, is the emission of sulfuric acid/SO{sub 3} aerosols that could result in increased opacity at the stack. This is a direct result of firing high-sulfur fuels that naturally generate more SO{sub 3} than do low-sulfur coals. SO{sub 3} is formed during the coal combustion process. SO{sub 3} is converted to gaseous H{sub 2}SO{sub 4} by homogeneous condensation, leading to a submicron acid fume that is very difficult to capture in a dry electrostatic precipitator (ESP). The condensed acid can also combine with the fly ash in the duct and scale the duct wall, potentially resulting in corrosion of both metallic and nonmetallic surfaces. Therefore, SO{sub 3} in flue gas can have a significant impact on the performance of coal-fired utility boilers, air heaters, and ESPs. In addition to corrosion problems, excess SO{sub 3} emissions can result in plume opacity problems. Thus the Energy & Environmental Research Center (EERC) was contracted by MET and the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) to evaluate the potential of a wet ESP for reducing SO{sub 3} emissions. The work consisted of pilot-scale tests using the EERC's slagging furnace system (SFS) to determine the effectiveness of a wet ESP to control SO{sub 3}/H{sub 2}SO{sub 4} aerosol emissions in conjunction with a dry ESP and MET's NH{sub 3}-based FGD. Because these compounds are in the form of fine particles, it is speculated that a relatively small, highly efficient wet ESP following the MET scrubber would remove these fine aerosol particles. The performance target for the wet ESP was a particulate mass collection efficiency of >90%; this level of performance would likely ensure a stack opacity of <10%.


Purpose
This viewpoint paper addresses the use of sustainability frameworks in embedding education for sustainability into the curriculum of higher education institutions (HEIs). The purpose of this paper is to explore the paradox that sustainability frameworks must facilitate transformation of existing structures whilst also being well-enough aligned with current conditions to be readily adopted by today's HEIs.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper proposes a set of four criteria for assessing the suitability of sustainability frameworks for use across the curriculum: relevance to current curricula, language, institutional fit and concept of the future. Using these criteria, this paper assesses how various frameworks align with the current (unsustainable) state of affairs and their transformative potential. The frameworks assessed are: the sustainable development goals (SDGs), the three pillars framework and the capitals approach.

Findings
This paper finds that each of the frameworks has strengths and weaknesses: the SDGs and the capitals approach perform well on alignment but less well on transformational criteria. Conversely, the three pillars framework performs well on transformation criteria but less well on alignment criteria. By applying the criteria set out in this paper, the authors hope those working to embed sustainability into the curricula of HEIs will be better equipped to navigate the tensions presented by sustainability transitions.

Originality/value
Using a novel set of criteria for assessing sustainability frameworks, this paper provides guidance that was previously lacking in education for sustainability professionals who are attempting to embed sustainability into the curriculum at HEIs.


This short survey discusses recent findings on the robustness of Nash equilibria of strategic games with many semianonymous players. It describes the notion of structural robustness and its general consequences, as well as implications to particular games, such as ones played on the web and market games.


says that the first principle of interpretation is to " allow the document to speak for itself as the product of the writer's mind and to subordinate extraneous influences, unless they are required to make his thought intelligible." As would be expected in a volume in this Series, the outstanding value of the work is its wealth of philological and critical notes (which cannot be reviewed here), and its summary and criticism of works which have appeared since the publication of the commentaries of Driver, Bevan, and others in English. The Index is disappointing: for instance, it contains no mention whatever of the writers whom the author criticizes. We hope that this defect will be remedied in a later edition.


including the technical science, we will lose contact with the individual. Man will become an object, not only an object of research but also means of generating profits. Man will become a tool to meet the needs of another person. Mass communication controls the thinking of man and the need for it. Science and technologies are defined in their foundations as tools for understanding the world. They are tools for simplifying and facili-tating the life of man and society. Science and technologies are oriented towards production. The absence of humanistic aspect is leading to science not reflecting human as a person but as an object. The result of this is depersonalization. Thanks to this, manipulation is present in interpersonal relationships. Another thing that adds to this fact are new technologies which make manipulation and control easier. Concrete ethical solution to the problem of depersonalization are personalist ethics which represent the return to the human being and the respect of its dignity. Ethics of science and technologies must come from respect towards the dignity of a person. This has to reflect in the education of users of modern communication technologies. Then the ethics of science and technologies will have an actual impact on the quality of interpersonal relationships.


There is a profound discrepancy between the views of contemporary Russia that social science has given us and our intuitive perception of it formed under the influence of everyday realities. Conceptions create a kind of ordered, ideally noncontradictory dynamic or static model of society, whereas everyday life gives the impression that chaos and disorganization reign.


The aim of the chapter is to provide recommendations for cities that are aiming to reposition themselves in the post-pandemic period in terms of image, product development, and the attraction of different segments of visitors. It is aimed at those readers who seek to understand the role that digital tools can play in the information provision and promotion of cities, especially for younger tourists who may have been more attracted by night-time activities in the pre-COVID period and who could be redirected to other activities or areas in future strategies. A case study of Budapest is presented that is typical of a European cultural tourism destination that has also suffered from overtourism in recent years. Primary data is used to identify tourists' preferred activities in the destination as well as their choice of digital tools for finding information and optimizing experiences. Both theory and primary data are used to make recommendations for repositioning cultural cities post pandemic with the assistance of appropriate digital tools.


A 72-year-old man was hospitalized with asymptomatic hyponatremia. Despite hyponatremia, urinary sodium excretion with urine osmolality exceeding plasma osmolality persisted. Plasma vasopressin levels were high and independent of plasma osmolality during hypertonic saline infusion. Computed tomography of the chest showed enlarged mediastinal and right hilar lymph nodes. Microscopically, a specimen of lymph nodes obtained by biopsy represented vasopressin-producing small cell lung carcinoma. Chemotherapy plus irradiation improved the hyponatremia. Thus, careful evaluation is necessary to determine the cause of hyponatremia disorders in elderly patients.


In order to study the effect of critical weed competition period on the physiological parameters of maize plants, this experiment was conducted in 2013 in Nahavand city, Hamedan, Iran. The experiment was conducted in the form of a randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments included two series: the first series included a control (weed free in all season) and weed removal from 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 days after maize emergence. After these days, weeds were allowed to grow freely and compete with the crop. In the second series, weeds were allowed to grow freely and compete with the crop up to the mentioned days and after that the field was kept weed free (exactly dissimilar to the first series). In addition, a treatment with full season long competition was considered in the second series. The measured traits included: ear weight, 1000 kernels weight, the number of kernels in ear, biologic yield, grain yield and the harvest index. Analysis of variance indicated the significant effect of critical weed competition period on all measured traits. Mean comparison showed that the weed free control had the highest ear weight (260 g), 1000 kernels weight (356.67 g), the number of kernels in ear (785.33), biologic yield (56800 kg/ha) and grain yield (16660 kg/ha). The full season long weed competition treatment had the lowest ear weight (160 g), 1000 kernels weight (236.67 g), the number of kernels in ear (380.5) biologic yield (27400 kg/ha), grain yield (5525 kg/ha) and the harvest index (20.36%). The highest harvest index was achieved in weed control up to 10 days after emergence. Results also showed that enhancement of the length of weed interference period resulted in the reduction of the value of the measured traits and enhancement of weed control period increased the value of the measured traits.


The concept of uniform circular motion in a general spacetime is introduced as a particular case of a planar motion. The initial value problem of the corresponding differential equation is analysed in detail. Geometrically, an observer that obeys a uniform circular motion is characterized as a Lorentzian helix. The completeness of inextensible trajectories is studied in generalized Robertson–Walker spacetimes and in a relevant family of pp-wave spacetimes. Under reasonable assumptions, the physical interpretation of such results is that a uniform circular observer lives forever, providing the absence of the singularities defined by these timelike curves.


Three apparently unrelated problems which have no solution using classical tools are described: the "N-strangers," "secret sharing," and "liar detection" problems. A solution for each of them is proposed. Common to all three solutions is the use of quantum states of total spin zero of N spin-(N-1)/2 particles.


Text: Abstract The US Defense Strategy requires delivering the critical enabling capability to conduct network-centric operations. This strategy, being implemented via DOD Global Information Grid (GIG) initiative, significantly increases the acquisition risks due to increased complexities for the acquisition process, information system and operational concepts. Mission threads, widely identified as a desirable method to capture Department of Defense (DOD) acquisition requirements, use various non-executable static forms such as Microsoft Office products, Visio files and/or DOD Architecture Framework (DoDAF) products.