The problem of drinking fresh milk in Indonesia looks minimal and rarely from children to adults who drink fresh milk, both milk and milk in canned milk. In an effort to realize the provisions as stipulated in the Minister of Health Regulation No. 75 of 2013 informing one's nutritional needs based on age and sex, the Indonesian Government has increased nutritional needs in Indonesia. This research contributes to the government to be able to predict the Production of Fresh Milk in Indonesia by Province. The data used is data from the National Statistics Agency through the website www.bps.go.id. The data is predictive data of fresh milk from 2010 to 2017. The algorithm used in this study is Artificial Neural Networks with the Backpropogation method. The input variables used were data for 2010 (X1), data for 2011 (X2), data for 2012 (X3), data for 2013 (X4), data for 2014 (X5), data for 2015 (X6) and 2016 data (X7) with 4 training and testing architectural models, namely 7-2-1, 7-4-1, 7-16-1 and 7-32-1. Target data is taken from 2017 data. The resulting output is the best pattern of Artificial Neural Network architecture. The best architectural model is 7-4-1 with EPOCH 1042, MSE 0.0095979 and 100% accuracy rate. From this model, the prediction of Fresh Milk Production is based on provinces in Indonesia.


The interaction between various novel naphthoquinones and glutathione was explored using a variety of electrochemical techniques. An adamantane derivatised quinone was found to adsorb strongly to carbon surfaces providing a robust film possessing a distinct and consistent voltammetric profile which is markedly different from solution based species. The anodic peak process was found to respond to increasing additions of glutathione and the analytical merits have been assessed. In contrast to conventional thiol–quinone electrochemistry, the detection pathway involves the solubilisation and removal of the hydrophobic quinone derivative through conjugation with glutathione. The peak potential (+0.2 V vs. Ag/AgCl) is such that an unambiguous response to glutathione can be achieved in the presence of a significant excess (1 mM) of common physiological components.


Children from poor families generally watch more television than middleclass children do (1). Commercial television programming in the USA and Canada, however, tends to reflect the aspirations and the life-styles of the affluent (2); this is true of children's programming as well as any other type; even "Sesame Street," originally created for poor urban children, portrays a life-style that unrealistically reflects life in the urban core. Children whose homes or communities are scenes of drugs, hostility, violence, alcoholism, and crime may find it difficult to identify with "Sesame Street," as is suggested by the fact that middle-class children are more frequent viewers of "Sesame Street" than their less fortunate peers (3). The disadvantaged child may also find it hard to identify with characters in most commercial children's programming, which is created as if an inner-urban culture did not exist. What is usually portrayed is an affluence that innercity children have little hope of attaining. Television's inadequate response to the needs of minority children is largely a question of control. The control of the commercial television indus-


Directional transport of the phytohormone auxin is required for the establishment and maintenance of plant polar growth. Natural auxins, primarily indole 3-acetic acid (IAA), are ampipathic weak acids that diffuse into membrane bilayers when protonated, suggesting that polar auxin movement is primarily established at the point of cellular efflux. However, recent evidence indicates that proton-coupled uptake transporters also play a role in polar auxin movement, particularly in roots (Swarup et al, 2005). Cellular auxin transport mediated by members of the PGP, PIN, and AUX/LAX protein families has recently been conclusively demonstrated in plant and heterologous expression systems (Chen et al, 1998; Geisler , Blakeslee et al, 2005; Bouchard et al, 2006; Terasaka et al, 2005; Petrasek et al, 2006; Yang et al, 2006). Members of the PIN subfamily of ion-coupled major facilitator proteins and P-glycoprotein (PGP) ABC transporters (Sieberer and Leyser, 2006; Geisler and Murphy, 2006) have been shown to independently mediate auxin export, while AUX/LAX proteins and at least one Arabidopsis PGP, PGP4, mediate auxin uptake (Swarup et al, 2005; Yang et al, 2006; Terasaka et al, 2005). In those heterologous expression studies, AUX1 exhibited strict substrate and inhibitor specificities similar to what is seen in planta. PGPs and PINs did not. Here we characterize PGP interactions with PINs and AUX1 to ascertain whether such interactions in planta influence rates and specificity of auxin transport. PIN proteins, named for the pinformed inflorescence exhibited by pin1, are plasma membrane proteins and constitute a unique subfamily of the ion-coupled major facilitator efflux superfamily (Gälweiler et al., 1998). PIN proteins have been shown to be essential to establishing the basal levels of auxin transport required for normal plant development, as they align with the auxin transport vector and are essential for both programmed and plastic polar development (reviewed in Leyser, 2005). Mutations in PIN genes result in aberrant organogenesis and/or auxindependent tropic responses (reviewed in Benjamins et al., 2005). PINs exhibit tissue-specific expression patterns that correspond exactly with patterns of auxin flux in discrete tissues. Because of this characteristic, PIN1 has become a valuable subcellular marker for studies of practically every aspect of plant development. However, PINs may also be involved in apolar auxin export from cells, as some PINs exhibit tissue-specific nonpolar membrane orientations (Heisler et al., 2005; Reinhardt et al., 2003; this report). 1 Department of Horticulture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2010 Center for Plant Molecular Biology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany Institute of Plant Biology, Basel-Zurich Plant Science Center, University of Zurich, CH-8007 Zurich, Switzerland Purdue Discovery Park, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2010 Proceedings 33 PGRSA Annual Meeting 43 The direct auxin transport catalyzed by PINs was recently demonstrated by heterologous expression in plant, yeast, and mammalian cells (Chen et al., 1998; Petrasek et al., 2006). PINmediated transport was also seen to be sensitive to inhibitors of organic anion transporters (OATs) in mammals and yeast, suggesting activation of other transport processes, as is the case with other major facilitator proteins (Wang et al., 2005; Campbell et al., 2004; Figure S1b). However, when expressed in non-plant cells, Arabidopsis PINs exhibited reduced sensitivity to the non-competitive auxin transport inhibitor 1-naphthylphthalamic acid (NPA) and reduced substrate specificity, demonstrated by substantial export of benzoic acid, a nontransported analog of IAA. Further, PIN1 expression resulted in increased transport only when expressed in Arabidopsis cell cultures, but not in tobacco cells, yeast, or mammalian cells. These results suggest that interactions with other proteins may confer the transport specificities observed in intact plants. Multiple Drug Resistance P-glycoproteins (ABCB/MDR/PGPs, hereafter referred to as PGPs) are integral membrane ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporter proteins consisting of two homologous halves, each containing a nucleotide-binding fold/ATP-hydrolysis site and six transmembrane helices, joined by a flexible linker region (Ambudkar et al., 1999). Although originally identified in human multiple drug resistance to chemotherapeutics, PGPs exhibit greater specificities for ampipathic anions than other drug resistance proteins and are better characterized as ATP-activated, amphipathic anion transporters. PGPs bind membraneembedded ampipathic substrates and move them to the surface of the opposing membrane leaflet in an ATP-dependent fashion (Ambudkar et al., 2005; Blakeslee et al., 2005b). PGP-like ABC transporters are thought to share similar substrate binding domain structures and exhibit mechanistic similarities with drug-activated, ion-coupled major facilitator proteins (Yin et al., 2006; Pasrija et al., 2005; Venter et al., 2005). In comparison to humans, where six PGP isoforms are found, the plant PGP subfamily is expanded (21 expressed members in Arabidopsis, 17 in rice) and exhibits more sequence diversity (Martinoia et al., 2002; Geisler and Murphy, 2006). Mutations in two clades of PGP genes in Arabidopsis, maize, and sorghum result in greater reductions in auxin transport than pin mutations, reduced elongation growth and shoot apical dominance, and altered tropic responses (Noh et al., 2001, 2003; Geisler et al., 2003, 2005; Multani et al., 2003; Terasaka et al, 2005; Santelia et al., 2005). However, to date, no loss in developmental polarity has been observed in pgp mutants, suggesting that PGPs function primarily in the loading and conductance of auxin through the long distance transport stream. As is the case with PINs, PGP genes exhibit tissue-specific expression and subcellular localization of their protein products. PGP1 expression is restricted to leaves, shoot apices, and roots; PGP4 expression is restricted to the root; MDR1/PGP19, which appears to play the greatest role in shoot to root transport, is expressed in shoots, leaves, and roots, with shoot expression enhanced in dark-grown seedlings (Noh et al, 2001, 2003; Geisler et al., 2003, 2005; Terasaka et al., 2005; Santelia et al., 2005; Petrasek et al., 2006; Bouchard et al., 2006; http://www.arabidopsis.org/info/expression/ATGenExpress.jsp; www.arexdb.org; https://www.genevestigator.ethz.ch/; this report). PGP1 and PGP4 exhibit apolar subcellular localizations in apical tissues, but polar localization consistent with the direction of transport in mature root tissues (Geisler et al., 2005; Terasaka et al., 2005). Proceedings 33 PGRSA Annual Meeting 44 Arabidopsis PGP1, PGP19, and PGP4 have been shown to mediate auxin-specific, energydependent cellular transport in plant cells, yeast and mammalian cells (Geisler et al., 2005; Terasaka et al., 2005; Santelia et al, 2005; Petrasek et al., 2006; Bouchard et al., 2006). However, as was seen with PINs, when Arabidopsis PGPs were expressed in yeast and mammalian cells, the resulting transport exhibited decreased substrate specificity and auxin transport inhibitor sensitivity, despite a lack of transport of any mammalian PGP substrates. Unlike PIN-mediated transport, no sensitivity to OAT transport inhibitors was observed. Taken together, these results suggest that, although no other transport proteins appear to be required for active transport of auxin by PGPs, other factors are required to confer the specificity and inhibitor sensitivity observed in PGP-mediated transport in planta. The AUX/LAX group of auxin permeases, best characterized by AUX1, belong to the aminoacyl permease subclass of the major facilitator superfamily and function in high affinity cellular auxin uptake (Marchant et al., 2002; Yang et al., 2006). AUX1 functions in auxin loading and has been shown to be the primary determinant of auxin redirection at the root tip, as is evidenced by the profound agravitropic behaviour of aux1 roots and the absolute requirement of AUX1 expression in Arabidopsis lateral root cap cells for restoration of gravitropic growth (Swarup et al., 2005). It has been suggested that PIN, PGP, and AUX/LAX auxin transport mechanisms may function antagonistically, additively, or synergistically in a tissue-specific manner (Blakeslee et al., 2005a, b). Precedents for synergistic interactions between ABC transporters and major facilitator proteins are seen in other organisms. In yeast, a genetic interaction between the pleiotropic drug resistance ABC transporter PDR5p and the hexose major facilitator protein transporters HXT11 and HXT9 has been demonstrated (Nourani et al., 1997). Interactions between major facilitator superfamily proteins and ABC transporters occur in membrane lipid rafts, and substrate binding for both classes occurs within the membrane leaflets (Yin et al., 2006; Pasrija et al., 2005; Venter et al., 2005). Although AUX/LAX-like permeases are members of the major facilitator superfamily, little evidence of interactions between AUX1-like permeases with PGPs or PIN-like major facilitator proteins is found in the literature; however the KNQ1 permease can compensate for PDR5-deficient yeast (Takacova et al., 2004). PGP interactions in planta may involve general stabilization of membrane transporters as is the case in animals (Lavie et al., 1998; Lavie and Liscovitch, 2000; Luker et al., 2000; Troost et al., 2004), as PIN1 was found to be delocalized in detergent-solubilized xylem parenchyma cells of hypertropic pgp19 hypocotyls and unaltered in pgp1 hypocotyls that exhibited relatively normal rates of tropic bending (Noh et al., 2003). The observed difference is presumably a result of the greater abundance of PGP19, but may reflect specific PIN-PGP interactions as well. In mammalian cells, PGPs are associated with sterol-rich, detergent-resistant microdomains


HTCOOR is a computer package to solve the long-term hydrothermal coordination problem of electricity generation. HTCOOR was developed for the SLOEGAT European Esprit Project 22652. This document fully describes the model implemented in HTCOOR, as well as the optimization problem to be solved.


A prototype 3-element open phased array knee coil for dynamic musculoskeletal (MSK) MR imaging of the knee was constructed and tested in a 1.5T Siemens Espree system. The acquired MR images of the knee joint, flexed to a variety of angles and also at the normal relaxed position, show that the open design concept is feasible and can facilitate diagnostic and functional assessment of knee injuries and pathology.


We evaluate using a range of ab initio and density-functional approaches the vibrational frequencies, including correction for diagonal anharmonicity, of the lowest triplet state of pyrazine T1(3B3u); less extensive calculations are also performed for the ground state, three excited singlet states, and five other triplet states. The results indicate that CASSCF-based methods are cumbersome to apply to molecules of this size, with no practicable CASSCF methodology producing a continuous potential energy surface for T1. While CASPT2 (and also MRCI) methods can correct for erroneous CASSCF state energies, they are not capable of removing the effects of erroneous CASSCF conical intersections. Density-functional schemes, and in particular B3LYP, provide the best qualitative and quantitative results, with the time-dependent approximation to density-functional theory providing results comparable with those from direct evaluation. An overview of vibronic coupling theory is presented and used to demonstrate the re...


Thane Gustafson's Wheel of Fortune: The Battle for Oil and Power in Russia is reviewed and situated within some broader trends in research on Russian natural resource extraction in the oil industry. Gustafson' s book represents the high water mark of a particular genre of scholarship on oil and considerably improves our understandings on a wide range of fronts. However, a number of other methodological and analytical approaches to Soviet and post-Soviet oil are beginning to appear; in the coming years, they will broaden and diversify scholarly conversations about the significance of oil in Russia and the former Soviet Union. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]


OTHER PUBLICATIONS Derwent Abstract Accession No. 84-173712/28, Japa nese patent no. 59095188, Jun. 1, 1984. Derwent Abstract Accession No. 81-08803D/06, Japa nese patent no. 55155068, Dec. 3, 1980. Derwent Abstract Accession No. 80-47096c/27, Japa nese patent no. 55066976, May 20, 1980. Derwent Abstract Accession No. 80-45784c/26, Japa nese patent no. 55065270, May 16, 1980. Primary Examiner-Amelia Burgess Yarbrough Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Dana M. Schmidt 57 ABSTRACT An ink is described, comprising an amine having a boil ing point of between about 120° C. and about 200 C., an acrylic binder selected to render the ink filterable, a direct dye or acid dye substituted with at least 3 amino groups, and water.


This is the third of six reports commissioned by the Higher Education Funding Council for England (HEFCE) which draw on a recent European Commission (EC) Framework project, The Flexible Professional in the Knowledge Society (the REFLEX project). The project, undertaken by 11 European countries, was an investigation into the employment experiences of European graduates over the five years following their graduation in 2000. By design, the UK sample comprised graduates who had completed a Bachelors degree in 2000. In most of the other countries, the samples comprised wholly (or mainly) those with a Masters degree. This report looks at the interaction between subject and country differences in terms of the profiles and experiences of students, their transition into employment, their success in the labour market, the features of their workplaces, their perceived competences and their values. Much of the analysis uses a typology of subject differences which distinguishes between non-vocational arts, vocational arts, non-vocational science and vocational science courses.


Rio de Janeiro has mega-city status, and as one of the world's greatest cities it should possess one of the world's greatest waterfronts. The r evitalization of the port of Rio de Janeiro provides a unique opportunity for the creation of a distinct regional center, which will reconfi gure a new and positive image for the city, region, and country, as well as reap a variety of benefits thr ough the attr action of new visitors and investments.


The invention publics a paste piece type light emitter diode which has high rated voltage, can directly connected with the power source and its manufacture method. The light emitter diode includes the support (1), LED chip (2), the support (1) includes the shell (10), two pins (11, 12), heat dispersion column (13), the heat dispersion column (13) insert into the shell (10) and passes through the shell (10), LED chip (2) includes the silicon substrate (20), anode junction (21), cathode junction (22) and the certain LED bare chip (23), the silicon substrate (20) fixes on the heat dispersion column (13), the anode junction (21) and cathode junction (22) separately connects with two pins (11, 12), between the LED bare chip (23) connects or the series-parallel connection built-up connection. The manufacture method includes the following steps: the manufacture frame, embark on the chip, hit the line, put on the luminous powder, put on the protect rubber, clubfoot, cut muscle. The invention may widely apply in the LED illumination domain.


Purpose: This study examines the accuracy of On‐Board Digital Tomosynthesis (OB‐DTS) imaging by the localization of individual surgical clips and registration to planning CT instead of a reference‐DTS (RDTS). Using planning CT instead of a RDTS for registration might decrease the uncertainty of the registration resulting from the added edge blurring of DTS and simplify the setup verification process. Method and Materials: A solid water breast phantom containing four surgical clips was imaged with CT and OB‐DTS modalities. The OB‐DTS was acquired for a 40° lateral angle (kV source: 250°–290°). An open‐source GPU based FDK filtered backprojection algorithm was used for reconstruction of DTS image sets. The centroids of all the clips were localized in the DTS image sets and locations were compared with the clip locations in CTimage sets. Using a filtered cross‐correlation algorithm, the OB‐DTS was registered with the CT and RDTS image sets and the registration accuracy of OB‐DTS was calculated. Results: Clip centroids were found to be within 1 mm in DTS and CTimage sets. The OB‐DTS was registered with the CT within 1 mm ± 2 mm along the x‐axis (direction of projection) and less than 1 mm ± 1 mm along the two orthogonal (y and z) axes with a maximum translation of ±1.4 cm in the orthogonal axes and ±4.7 cm along the x‐axis. The OB‐DTS was registered with the RDTS within 4 mm ± 11.5 mm along the x‐axis, 1.4 mm ± 2.8 mm along the y‐axis and 0.5 mm ± 0.7 mm along the z‐axis, with a maximum translation of ±1.4 cm in the orthogonal axes and ±2.8 cm along the axis of propagation. Conclusion: OB‐DTS can be registered to CT with equal or better accuracy than when registered with RDTS and with greater translations along the propagation axis.


This paper deals with the robust stability for uncertain bidirectional associative memory (BAM) neural networks of neutral-type with time-varying delays. The parameter uncertainties are assumed to be norm bounded, the discrete delays and neutral delays are time-varying delays. The combined method, which is based on the Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional (LKF) combined with some inequality techniques, is used to investigate this problem. Then, by constructing a new LKF, using the Newton-Leibniz formula and introducing some free weighting matrices, some sufficient conditions are proposed to guarantee global asymptotic robust stability for the considered systems. It is also shown that the obtained results can be established in terms of linear matrix inequality (LMI).


This work addresses the localization and enclosing problem of a target which is stationary or moving by a group of mobile agents. Each agent is assumed to know its bearing angle with respect to the target. Using the bearing angle to the target, an estimator is proposed for each agent to localize the target, and a distributed control law is then designed. It is shown that when the target is stationary or moving with a bounded velocity, the group of agents globally converge to an exact uniform circular formation around the target or its neighborhood, respectively. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is illustrated via simulations.


This study examines how the efficiency of trading desks operated by mutual fund families affects portfolio performance and investment behavior of affiliated funds. We estimate the trading efficiency of a fund family's trading desk as the difference between the gross return of the family's index fund, which incorporates trading costs, and the return of the underlying index, which does not incorporate trading costs, around index adjustment dates. By operating more efficient trading desks that help reduce trading costs, fund families improve the performance of their funds significantly and also enable their funds to trade more and hold less liquid portfolios.


Multi-faceted mirror of a microlithographic projection exposure apparatus (26) comprises a plurality of mirror facets unit. Each unit comprises a body (40), the body (40) reflective coating provided at one end (44), and actuating surface provided on the opposite end (50) mirror member having a (32). Unit further comprises actuating surface at the time of non-movement of the mirror member (32) and (50) a stationary member rests (70), a mirror member tilting axis and an actuator (72) configured so as to be inclined with respect to (52) . The actuator includes a contact surface (80), the lifting member configured to move the actuating surface along the elevation direction (Z) and (74). In the first operating state of the lifting member, actuating surface rests on a stationary member, rests on the contact surface in the second operating state. Displacement member (76, 78) is elevating member displaces the contact surface along the lateral direction only while in the second operating state. .Field


The authors use two methods to prove lower bound of least singular value,coming to the similar conclusion of general nonsingular Jordan matrix.


Objective To explore the influence of full -course health education on parents' awareness of diseases and treatment compliance among intractable epilepsy children with ketogenic diet therapy. Methods Sixty nine intractable epilepsy cases with ketogenic diet therapy were randomly divided into control group (34 cases) and experimental group (35 cases) according to the admission order. The routine nursing was given to 34 cases in control group. On basis of routine nursing , full -course health education was given to 35 cases in experimental group. The analysis was carried out before and after intervention in two groups by self-designed questionnaire. x2 test was used to evaluate the parents'awareness of diseases, treatment compliance and therapeutic effects. Results The parents'awareness of diseases, treatment compliance and therapeutic effect were higher in experimental group than those in control group ( P < 0. 01 ) . Conclusions Full -course health education can improve the parental awareness of the disease and treatment compliance, thereby enhance the life quality of children with intractable epilepsy.

Key words:
Full -course health education;  Intractable epilepsy;  Ketogenic diet;  Compliance


BECAUSE of observations by others 1-7 on the effects of heterologous antilymphoid sera (ALS) and experiences in the laboratory with the use of antithymus serum as the single immunosuppressive agent in achieving prolongation of survival of allografts of skin (P. Sutthiwan et al, unpublished data) and xenografts of tumor in mice 8 we decided to test the immunosuppressive effects of such sera in the allografting of livers and kidneys in dogs, and subsequently to proceed with a trial of the material in the clinical renal transplant program at the Mayo Clinic. The experiments involving hepatic allografting in dogs have been reported elsewhere, 9 and the purposes of this presentation are to describe the results obtained in canine renal allografting and to review the findings of a preliminary clinical trial in human beings. In animals, the sera were used as the sole means of immunosuppression; in the clinical situation, however, testing


and No. 4 got smaller daily doses, but treatment was continued over a very long period (25 mill. U. in 1 year and 12 I fz mill. U. in I fz year). After discontinuing the vitamin for 17 weeks in cases 3 and 4, the children still had their symptoms nearly unchanged. All the patients had gastric and renal impairment signs, hypercalcaemia and increased blood-urea. Three had band-keratitis (Nos. 2 , 3 and 4). Two (Nos. 3 and 4) had changes in the roentgenograms of the long bones.


Objective To investigate the expression of the BRAF gene in human normal pancreas and pancreatic adenocarcinoma tissues.Methods Pancreatic adenocarcinoma tissue was obtained from 3 male and 3 female patients undergoing pancreas resection.Normal pancreatic tissue was obtained from 2 male and 1 female patients whose pancreas was injured by trauma.Total RNA were extracted from each sample with TRIzol method.To assure the quality of obtained total RNA,three different examinations were performed which included spectrophotometer,agarose gel electrophoresis and Lab on chip examination.The level of BRAF mRNA in normal pancreas and pancreatic adenocarcinoma tissues were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR.The protein level of BRAF was investigated using Western blot.Results The quantity of BRAF mRNA in normal pancreas and pancreatic adenocarcinoma tissues were(0.001 016 7±)0.000 25 and 0.002 606 2±0.001 09,respectively.In comparison with normal pancreas,BRAF mRNA in pancreatic adenocarcinoma was overexpressed as 2.56 folds;Western blot showed that BRAF protein was 6.70±2.50 in normal pancreas and 21.23±5.60 in pancreatic adenocarcinoma,it was also overexpressed significantly in pancreatic cancer tissue by 3.17 folds.Conclusion BRAF mRNA and protein are significantly overexpressed in pancreatic adenocarcinoma.However,the regulatory mechanism of its overexpression and its real role in pancreatic adenocarcinoma has to be(evaluated) in the future.


HIGH-SPEED properly describes single exposure photographs that are taken with exposures shorter than about 1/10,000 second, and motion pictures taken at speeds above 300 pictures per second. The unaided camera, with mechanical shutter, cannot take such pictures, because of both photographic and mechanical limitations. The development by Edgerton, et al.14 of electrical apparatus for producing intermittently flashing (stroboscopic) illumination and for high-speed photography has provided a superior technic for investigating and recording rapid motion. The technic also offers advantages in "still" photography-in " stopping" motion as a result of the short duration, high intensity illumination. In addition to its ability to record and to "stop" rapid motion, highspeed photography is useful for measurement and analysis. Since in multiflash and in motion pictures the interval between flashes may be predetermined, the observer is able to record an action as a function of time. Likewise the velocity, shape, and acceleration of the


For electric field grading in GIS spacers, the application of functionally graded materials (FGM) with spatial distribution of dielectric permittivity (ε) can be one effective solution. In this paper, we propose the flexible mixture casting (FMC) method as a novel and practical technique to fabricate ε-FGM for GIS spacers. We verified that the relative permittivity (er) can be controlled from εr = 4 to εr = 30 by varying the loading ratio of high permittivity filler particles under the FMC method. Toward the practical application of ε-FGM, we verified the relaxation effect of maximum electric field strength and the improvement effect of discharge inception voltage in SF6 gas in a simplified GIS spacer model using ε-FGM under the FMC method. Simulation results revealed that the maximum electric field strength can be effectively reduced and the discharge inception voltage can be significantly improved compared with using a constant and uniform permittivity.


Taking the theory of small disturbance as the basis,and based on the basic equation of thermal economic efficiency in the thermodynamic system,a commonly used simple and easy calculation model has been deducted for the influence of heater's terminal temperature difference upon the coal consumption of unit under comstant flow rate condition.Taking a 1000 MW unit as example,the calculated result has been analysed,it shows that the said model can accurately and rapidly evaluate the influence of terminal temperature difference variation concerning the heater in each stage upon the coal consumption of said unit.The above-mentioned model boasts universality,compared with the equivalent enthalpy drop method,the calculated results are basically identical.


Dibutyl phosphoric acid (HDBP) formed by tributyl phosphate (TBP) destruction is soluble both in aqueous alkaline solutions and in organic solvents in acidic media. So, the solvent based on HDBP and its zirconium salt (ZS-HDBP) dissolved in polar diluent, e.g. in diluted TBP, is interesting for radwaste treatment, minimizing the amount of secondary organic wastes. Addition of Zr to 0.2 mol/L HDBP dissolved in 30% TBP results in successful extraction of lanthanides and actinides at the optimum ratio Zr:HDBP=1:(8-9) from 1.5 mol/L HNO{sub 3}, followed by their back-washing with 5 mol/L HNO{sub 3}. Partitioning of yttrium and cerium RE subgroups (the latter together with TPE) with the separation factor from 5 to 50 is also possible with purification from molybdenum. Strontium is extracted by 0.4 mol/L ZS HDBP from 0.3 mol/L HNO{sub 3} and stripped with 1.5 mol/L HNO{sub 3}. ZS-HDBP solution in 30% TBP is also capable of extraction of residual Np, Pu and corrosion-born iron. Stripping of these elements requires salt-free complexants. Solvents containing ZS-HDBP have high capacity, while TBP presence doubles it because of synergetic effect. The maximum solvent loading of 0.2 mol/L ZSHDBP in xylene was found as 8.0 g/L Eu and {approx}6 g/L Mo. Themore » mixture of DTPA and formic acid is suitable for TPE/RE partitioning using ZS-HDBP as a solvent with separation factors for Ce/Am and Eu/Am of 67 and 9, respectively. Two variants of two-cycle flowsheet for TPE and RE partitioning after their joint recovery have been proposed, which differs by order of the cycles with acidic and buffer media at the partitioning. Both variants were successfully tested using simulate solutions on the centrifugal contactor rig with TPE/RE separation factor being {approx}60, the major impurity being Nd. Correction of the solvent composition because of HDBP loss due to its solubility in aqueous phase, especially at acidity less than 0.2 mol/L HNO{sub 3}, was also taken into consideration. Further investigations on HLW partitioning were aimed at Cs, Sr, TPE and RE joint extraction with the mixture of chlorinated cobalt dicarbollide (CCD) and ZSHDBP (dissolved in fluorinated diluent F-3). Joint recovery of Cs, Sr, TPE with RE, Mo and Fe from 0.5-3.0 mol/L HNO{sub 3} was demonstrated in the presence of polyethylene glycol (PEG). Extraction system is stable and has good hydrodynamic properties. A synergetic effect was observed in the system especially at the acidity 0.5-1 mol/L.TPE and RE back-washing with 5-8 mol/L HNO{sub 3} is possible, while Cs and Sr back-washing needs cation replacement. Such a result can achieved also without Zr, but with 0.5-1.5 mol/L HDBP in F-3. (authors)« less


ing a theme from information of three domains, formulate learning questions, develop research skills Brainstorming and task division Perform practitioner research on a theme and develop lessons that relates to the researched theme Presence during the meeting, presentation of the product, formative peer feedback None One time at the start, after that on request Self-chosen groups of 3 to 6 students Electronic learning environment only used to host the course documents, supporting lectures regarding domain knowledge Develop social skills and practitioner research skills Exchange of ideas, task division, discussing and reaching consensus Perform practitioner research within the theme: "the teacher as jack of all trades" Practitioner research report and presentation of the report, group grades Specific group and individual feedback on the collaboration Weekly Students were randomly assigned to groups of 3 or 4 students Electronic learning environment only used to host the course documents


Abstract The purpose of this study was to test a model of the regulation of eating behaviors that could help to better understand the processes by which body dissatisfaction could be either associated with dysfunctional eating behaviors or with healthy eating behaviors. Based on Self–Determination Theory (Deci & Ryan, 1985; Ryan & Deci, 2000, it appears that women's general level of self–determination in life may help protect against pressures about body image and endorsement of society's beliefs about thinness and obesity. Findings also suggest that women's general level of self–determination is positively associated with an autonomous regulation of eating behaviors (AREB) and negatively associated with a controlled regulation of eating behaviors (CREB). In turn, the AREB is positively associated with healthy eating while CREB is positively associated with dysfunctional eating. Overall, it appears that body dissatisfaction resulting from pressures about body image and endorsement of society's beliefs abo...


In dogs with toxic hepatodysthrophia the ECG is manifested by increasing of heart rate, duration of absolute conductivity, decreasing of the teeth voltage and their widening.


From January, 1948, to October, 1949, 63 cases of persistent cyanosis of cardiac origin have been operated upon in this department, and it is the purpose of this paper to give a review of some of these cases and the results attained. The first 40 cases operated upon have been selected because it is considered that an insufficient interval has elapsed since operation in the remaining 23 cases to warrant a follow-up examination. The tetralogy of Fallot is a developmental abnormality of the heart which consists, as the name suggests, of four features: pulmonary stenosis, hypertrophy of the right ventricle, and a dextroposed aorta overriding an interventricular septal defect. The foramen ovale may be open or closed. As a result of the pulmonary stenosis an insufficient amount of blood enters the pulmonary artery system for oxygenation in the lungs, while at the same time the overriding aorta allows the entry into the arterial circulation of venous blood from the right ventricle. These two factors combine to reduce the level of the blood oxygen below the normal, with the production of the classical feature of the disease, persistent cyanosis. The purpose of the operation is to divert into the pulmonary artery system incompletely oxygenated blood from the arterial circulation by a surgically produced channel. The patients in this series were sent to us from all parts of Denmark. They were investigated in the medical department, in the paediatric department, or in the department of thoracic surgery. They were all subjected to cardiac catheterization in the laboratory of cardiology (under Professor E. Warburg), and blood oxygen saturation estimations and intra-cardiac pressure recordings were made. Angiocardiography has been used in only one of these cases.


Three kinds of subbituminous and bituminous coals containing potassium hydroxide were heated at 523 K in a nitrogen atmosphere in an attempt to transform thermally stable forms of organic sulfur to reactive ones. Desulfurization extents were 27--52% by alkali leaching while weight loss was observed to be 8-10%. The desulfurization extents were proportional linearly to internal surface area of the parent coals. The parent coals and alkali leached samples were pyrolyzed rapidly by using a free fall reactor in a nitrogen stream up to 1,233K. The alkali-leached samples provided higher extents of reduction for organic sulfur than the parent coals. The combined process of rapid pyrolysis with alkali leaching was effective for reduction of organic sulfur except for a high range coal having small internal surface area.


The modernity of Chinese culture is different from that of the west.It is of predominance that the new intellectuals reconstruct the Chinese tradition with existing modern western conceptions as framework,and Chinese culture as theoretical basis.This displacement of conception is aimed at an experiential cultural model to account for the transformation of Chinese society,which finds its traces in both cultural explorations and fictions such as Future of New China.


The bean products wastewater treatment process has been studied by SBR. Theexperimentstudied effective of reaction timeunder low dissolved oxygen on SBR system. The experimental result indicated that under the condition of influent COD is 330~460mg/L, the reactor has a good degeneration ability of COD, NH4 + -N、PO3 - -P、 NO 2 - -N、NO4 3- -P. And NO2 - -N accumulation reached a maximum after aeration 3 hours, Aeration and time were saved effectively while stop the aeration at this time, thus power and costs were saved. Soy products food are made from soybean bean, broad bean, mung bean as the main raw material. Most soy products are made from soy bean curd, which is made from the fight of soy bean curd and its recycle products. Organic compounds (protein, starch, sugar, amino acid) in the production process of bean products are very high and easy to corrupt, not only containing harmful substances and easy degradation, but also it weak acid wastewater (1) . Production of wastewater directly efflux not only cause very serious environmental pollution, but also impact on people's living environment. Bean products are rich in nutrition and high nutritional value. Contains a large number of protein and amino acids. It also has a good health care function, improve human immunity, prevention of osteoporosis and so on. Because of bean products has many tastes and diverse practices that more and more people regard it as daily snacks and cooking food. Therefore, the more people demandof bean products, The worse production of bean wastewater, which makes it urgent to strengthen and improve the processing technology of beanwastewater. (2-6) . At present, the treatment of bean wastewater of domestic and international mainly uses the biological treatment method has UASB, A2O, contact oxidation method, biological turntable and other processes (7-9) . But most of them areExpensive equipment, installation of high technical requirements, the management is complex, covers a vast area.Using SBR has the process simplely, the stro ng capacity sewage treatment,flexible operation, easy automation, etc. On the contrary, it cover an area of area small. It is a more economical and practical wastewater treatment process in treatment of bean products wastewater (10) .


The purpose of this paper is to improve low voltage ride through (LVRT) capability of doubly fed induction generator (DFIG).First, this paper gives expressions of the stator flux and rotor current during the grid fault occurrence and clearing by solving the mathematical model of DFIG. The results of simulation conducted on a 1.5MW DFIG in the PSCAD/EMTDC verified the correctness of the derivation. Through qualitative analysis of stator flux expression, different fault durations will lead to the difference of transient during fault clearing and ignoring the process of fault clearing will lead to excessive crowbar resistance. Therefore, this paper optimizes the Crowbar resistance by considering both the process of grid fault and fault clearing, and then presents a Crowbar resistance adaptive setting principle based on Crowbar structure with parallel resistor. Simulation confirms this method can improve LVRT of wind farms. Keywords-doubly fed induction generator (DFIG); transient characteristics; low voltage ride through (LVRT); Crowbar circuit; adaptive tuning


The invention discloses a control device of an intelligent terminal shell, the intelligent terminal shell and an intelligent terminal. Through communication connection between the intelligent terminal and the intelligent terminal shell, the reminding for the application program running information can be realized on the intelligent terminal shell, meanwhile, a streaming media file is stored in store to the shell, thus the reminding method is displayed to the intelligent terminal shell through the arrangement of the reminding method for the application program running information on the intelligent terminal, so that a user can know that which application program is running on the intelligent terminal and the current running state without the operation of opening the intelligent terminal, therefore, the user can conveniently perform the next step of operation, and finally, the user experience is promoted.


The restriction factors in organizing the high-level and substantiality international cooper-ation were analyzed in this paper from investments, managements, evaluation, intellectual property right pro-tection and independent innovation in previous titular, unequal and injured international cooperations. The effctive principles were suggested to promote the international cooperation level in china, such as insisting the reasonable investments, standardized managemet, equal status and mutual benefis.

Key words:
International cooperation; Criterion management; Mutual benefit


Effects of the imidazolinone herbicide AC243 997 [2-(5-isopropyl)-5-methyl-4-oxo-2-imidazolin-2-yl) nicotinic acid] on the growth of corn (Zea mays L. 'Black Mexican Sweet') cell suspension cultures were characterized. The herbicide caused half maximal growth inhibition at concentrations in the range of 10 nM to 30 nM. Significant reductions in protein synthesis were observed following treatment of cells with 10 μM herbicide. Analysis of free amino acid pool sizes indicated that levels of the biosyn-thetically related amino acids leucine and valine were substantially decreased in cells exposed to 10 μM herbicide. Supplementation of suspension culture growth media with leucine and valine plus isoleucine (1 mM each) reversed growth inhibitory effects of AC243 997 at levels ranging from 10 nM to 1 mM. The results suggest a specific interaction of this imidazolinone herbicide with leucine, valine, and isoleucine metabolism.


The performance analysis of a wireless network significantly depends on the routing-related statistics. Power consumption, multihop communication delay, and position estimation are among the parameters that are affected by the routing scheme. In this paper, statistical parameters of the most forward within range routing in 1-D ad hoc networks are investigated. Several parameters, such as the probability mass function (pmf) of the number of broadcast hops, the probability density function of the connectivity distance for a given number of hops, and the pmf of the number of hops between the source and the destination, are derived. For cases where the exact analytical results are recursive and complicated, good approximate nonrecursive formulas are also derived. We verify the correctness of the exact formulas and the precision of the approximate results by simulations. Some applications of the derived statistical parameters are also presented.


Confused about compliance.? Let an expert set you straight The Bush Administration's Sept. 5 announcement of its national drug control strategy once again put the money laundering issue in the headlines of the daily press. However, that issue and related matters have long been a concern to bank compliance officers, counsel, and others who must deal with the strictures of the Bank Secrecy Act. In 1987 this magazine published a list of questions and answers concerning compliance with the Money Laundering Control Act. Since then, Congress has enacted another major drug bill (the Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1988). Additionally, the Treasury Department has proposed or put in final form several changes to the BSA regulatory structure, including revised currency transaction reporting forms. These changes have prompted additional questions. What follows are answers to the most common questions bankers are asking about this complex area. Q1. Normally the threshold for currency transaction reporting is 10,000. Can the Treasury Department reduce that threshold? A. Yes. As of Sept. 15, 1989, the Anti- Drug Abuse Act of 1988 empowers Treasury to require financial institutions or groups of institutions in certain geographic locations to report currency transactions of lesser amounts. This is called "targeting." No order issued under this section will be effective for more than 60 days unless renewed according to requirements in the statute. Q2. What threshold amount applies in cases of targeting? A. In spite of industry objections, a targeted area may be subject to a threshold of any size Treasury chooses. Q3. Treasury recently issued a new currency transaction reporting form. When must we start using it? A. The new form must be used for transactions commencing Jan. 1, 1990, but cannot be used for earlier transactions. In addition, in order to facilitate the handling of the reporting forms, Treasury will propose shortly that financial institutions file CTRs on magnetic tape. For more information, contact Treasury's Office of Financial Enforcement, (202) 566-8022. For a copy of the form, write to Repro Coordinator, Internal Revenue Service, Eastern Area Distribution Center, 4300 Carolina Ave., Richmond, Va. 23222, or call (804) 329-1056. Q4. What are the most important changes in the newform? A. One of the most significant is the requirement that banks include the date of birth of both the individual conducting a reportable transaction and any individuals on whose behalf it was made. The form also provides a box that an institution may check if it considers the transaction suspicious. Q5. You've mentioned suspicious transactions. What must a bank do when it believes someone is intentionally struc.- turing transactions to avoid reporting, or engaging in transactions that may involve illegal activity such as drug traf- ficking or money laundering? A. Treasury Administrative Ruling 88-1 states that the bank should immediately telephone the local IRS office and speak to a special agent in the Criminal Inves- tigation Division. Alternatively, the bank can call 1-800-BSA-CTRS. In addition, the bank may be required to submit a criminal referral form to its primary federal supervisor. Section 1103 (c) of the Right to Financial Privacy Act permits a financial institution to give a government authority information relevant to a possible violation of any statute or regulation. Q6. How can I keep up with Treasury's administrative rulings? A. Treasury publishes the most recent rulings three or four times a year. They also appear in the annual appendix to part 31 CFR 103, which is the portion of the Code of Federal Regulations containing the rules implementing the Bank Secrecy Act. It's in a bank's interest to review the Federal Register. However, if it hears of a ruling that it has not seen a copy of, the bank should contact Treasury's Office of Financial Enforcement, (202) 566-8022. …


The mechanical properties of thin amorphous-nanocrystalline band created by governing influence of series laser impulses are investigated. The features of plasticity and destruction of initial and laser treated areas are revealed. The dependence of microhardness from distance from center of laser treated area is discussed. The probability of decrease both microhardness and energy of destruction are determined.


The centrosymmetric title compound, [Mn-2(C7H5O2)(4)(C5H5N)(4)], is a dinuclear manganese complex containing bridging and chelating benzoate ligands with trans pyridine ligands at each Mn centre. The centrosymmetric title compound, [Mn-2(C7H5O2)(4)(C5H5N)(4)], is a dinuclear manganese complex containing bridging and chelating benzoate ligands with trans pyridine ligands at each Mn centre.


My interest in the German health system sprang from experiences I had as a military physician in Germany from 1991 to 1994. As any first-time visitor to another country will report, I was surprised to find just how different things were from back home. Writing about Germany in particular was difficult because the system itself is in the throes of marked changes. I greatly appreciate Knuth and colleagues' update on how the system is currently structured, more recent figures on a number of parameters of their system, and clarification on several points from people who understand the system better than an auslander ever could.


The adsorption of crude oil from aqueous solution was carried out using a Gum tragacanth-acrylic acid based hydrogel. The prepared hydrogel was characterized using TGA/DTA/DTG techniques. Effect of pH, contact time, acrylic acid, and glutaraldehyde concentration for the adsorption of oil from aqueous solution was measured. Maximum crude oil adsorption from synthesized hydrogel occurred at 40% of acrylic acid concentration. The results showed that in case of pH, maximum adsorption occurred at acidic pH followed by alkaline and neutral pH.


Based on the status of energy resources,water resources,and environment in Liaoning province,the relationship between economic development and environment was revealed.Some problems were discussed,such as the low energy resources efficiency,water environment security and regional environmental pollution in Liaoning province.And some effective countermeasures and advices were also presented according to actual status.


The objective of this program is to develop a microwave oscillator capable of producing 200 kW of CW output power at 60 GHz. The use of cyclotron resonance interaction is being pursued. The design, procurement and construction phases of this program are discussed. Progress on gyrotron behavior studies being performed at 28 GHz are also discussed.


The adhesive behavior of a diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A epoxy resin modified by end-functionalyzed liquid polybutadiene was evaluated as a function of the temperature and of the time of immersion in distilled water. The neat epoxy and three modified systems were analyzed. Butt joints and single-lap joints were tested using an API X60 steel as substrate. The monophasic system obtained by reacting the epoxy monomer with hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) functionalyzed with isocyanate groups (EPI) showed the best performance. The results show that this system is stable in respect to water degradation, but changes when exposed to temperature. Under the set of experimental parameters of time and temperature used, however, the adhesive strength increased with the temperature. For all epoxy formulations analyzed the fracture mode observed was of the adhesive type.


Abstract —A DC–DC converter that can deliver high gain and isolation using quasi-switched boost and switched capacitor cell (qSB-SC) is proposed. This converter is well suited for renewable energy applications, where generally, low voltage input sources are available. The converter circuit presented in this work consists of four stages. The first stage comprises a quasi-switched boost network with an inductor. A SC cell is embedded in the second stage that can further boost the voltage. The third stage has a push-pull converter with a high-frequency transformer. In the fourth stage, there is a voltage doubler rectifier circuit which again enhances the boost capability. Detailed analysis pertaining to selection of circuit elements used in the converter is also derived. The proposed converter is compared with few state-of-the-art competitive topologies to prove its high boost ability. A 250 W prototype of the proposed converter is realized with an output voltage of 400 V when fed from a 30 V input source. The results obtained concur well with the simulated and theoretical results. The merits of the converter are (i) continuous ripple-free source and load current, (ii) galvanic isolation, and (iii) very high gain.


Saul Bellow gives the reader a clue—obscure and set so well into the ground on which it is displayed that it nearly defies detection— which can lead to a deeper understanding of Henderson the Rain King. This clue is contained in a single sentence: " He [Dahfu] would say, . . . ' James, Psychology, a very attractive book.' "1 Seem ingly, the passage is of no special import other than the curious fact that an African king should be interested in William James's Psy chology. It is not surprising, either, that a former student in the " return to the classics " days at the University of Chicago, such as Bellow, would see fit to inject into his tale a reference to one of the Great Books. (Bellow himself, in fact, had worked on the Great Books project under Mortimer Adler.) But the reference to James in Hen derson is there for a highly significant reason: all the chapters dealing with Henderson, Dahfu, and Atti are explicable in terms of Jamesian psychology. In the light of this discovery, the initiation process going on under the tutelage of Dahfu becomes not only a part of the nature ritual allied to the overall archetypal pattern but directed therapy applied to the ills of self which are in possession of Henderson. Dahfu functions as psychotherapist, employing the ideas of James's Psychology in a program of rehabilitation. " Doctor" Dahfu signals his method at nearly every turn: the narrator states that " he [Dahfu] had some kind of conviction about the connection between insides and outsides, especially as applied to human beings" (199). Significantly, this statement comes just prior to and in the same paragraph with the narrator's terse (and only) statement concerning James. The refer ence to " insides and outsides " finds its source in the very first chapter of James's Psychology, in which he states that " no mental modifi cation ever occurs which is not accompanied or followed by a bodily change." 2


An abrasive sheet for texturing of magnetic recording media which comprises an entangled ultrafine fiber nonwoven fabric made of three-dimensionally entangled ultrafine fiber bundles composed of ultrafine fibers (A) and a high-molecular elastomer occurring in a porous state in spaces among the entangled ultrafine fibers, with the high-molecular elastomer occurring therein without substantially confining most of the ultrafine fiber bundles and which is characterized in that there is a nap consisting of ultrafine fibers (B) having a fineness of not more than 0.03 dtex on at least one side of that sheet is excellent in precision and stability in processing.


Septum polarizers (SPs), built on a square waveguide with stepped ridged waveguide junctions, have found many applications in antenna systems and polarization measurement equipments. In the present paper, the features of the developed CAD of compact square-waveguide SP's with a circular output waveguide and results of its design application are discussed. The SP configurations under consideration are combined by the following components: rectangular-to-rectangular, bifurcated square-to-ridged, ridged-to-ridged, square-to-square, and square-to-circular waveguide junctions. Exact numerical models for all the components are built on the mode-matching technique. The eigen-value problem for the single-ridged waveguide is solved using the moment method with basis and tested functions taking into account the field behavior near edges.


A hypereutectic Al-Si alloy powder as metallurgical material and its preparing process are disclosed. It features use of fast setting method to further increase Si content in said alloy for higher antiwear performance and lower thermal expansion coefficient.


Manuscript received March 4, 2019; revised March 5, 2019; accepted March 29, 2019; approved by IEEE/ACM TRANSACTIONS ON NETWORKING Editor Y. Liu. Date of current version June 14, 2019. This work supported by the National Science Foundation CAREER under Grant CNS-1253309. The authors are with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115 USA (e-mail: email@example.com; firstname.lastname@example.com). Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/TNET.2019.2910937 REFERENCES


The present study aims at tracing out and analyzing the theoretical and practical aspects of competitive intelligence in the context of a considerably complicated in recent years competitive environment. There are consecutively considered the evolutionary aspects, the competitive intelligence cycle and some of its contemporary dimensions. The author seeks to synthesize and to demonstrate interrelations between the proper use of this modern, very useful instrument and the improved process of management decision-making through accurate forecasting, early warning and control over trends.


Ondansetron is a serotonin receptor antagonist used in the management of nausea and vomiting that is associated with cancer chemotherapy. There is a need for intranasal delivery due to poor bioavailability of drug because of first pass effect. The objective of this study was to develop an intranasal delivery system of ondansetron hydrochloride using thermo-sensitive polymer PF127 and mucoadhesive polymer hydroxypropylcellulose. Due to increase in bioadhesive polymer concentration, there was increase in bioadhesion strength, at the same time there was decrease in the spredability. An in vitro diffusion study revealed that viscosity of the vehicle has an influence on drug. The release of ondansetron hydrochloride from the gel matrix showed diffusion- controlled.


This Paper is based on a qualitative, collaborative study which explored the experiences of ten New Zealand families of children with visual impairment The research process demonstrates a way in which the parent/professional relationship might be effected. Designed around a narrative life history model, stories were accessed through the triangulation of focus group exploration, questionnaire and face-to-face family interviews. Excerpts from the stories in which participants speak directly include aspects which played a prominent part in the lives of the families. The framework within which the findings were examined - Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Model - is outlined. Issues relating to the education and health needs of children predominate, with educators the professionals parents most expect to support them. The study's families speak to other families, professionals, service providers and policy makers and bring each the opportunity to listen, understand and integrate what is relevant to their own life experiences.


Jean-Christophe Rebejkow : New Research on the Observations sur le Nakaz. ; This article argues that the copy of the Observations in the manuscript n.a.fr.24938, revised by Diderot on his return from Russia in 1774, should be taken as the text for this work. The different form of the text shows his changed attitude towards the Physiocrats and also his view of Montesquieu. In this work we see Diderot trying to develop an original political thought, freed from existing models, and his refusal to formulate a systematic political treatise.


We show that the Poisson–Dirichlet distribution is the distribution of points in a scale-invariant Poisson process, conditioned on the event that the sum T of the locations of the points in (0,1] is 1. This extends to a similar result, rescaling the locations by T, and conditioning on the event that T[les ]1. Restricting both processes to (0, β] for 0<β[les ]1, we give an explicit formula for the total variation distance between their distributions. Connections between various representations of the Poisson–Dirichlet process are discussed.


Plants offer the unique opportunity to be engineered as bio-factories for the production of different antigens, enzymes and vaccines. Recently chloroplast transformation has gained strong interest in the field of Plant Made Vaccines (PMVs). An efficient cross-protective antigen against Mycobacterium is a 35 kDa protein encoded by mmpI gene in Mycobacterium leprae. Although vaccines against Mycobacterium infections are commercially available, they are neither affordable nor available for patients in resource poor countries. Thus, alternative cost-effective vaccine production approaches need to be developed. In the current study we have reported the possibility to generate transplastomic tobacco carrying 35-kDa protein conferring cross-protective resistance against two different pathogens Mycobacterium leprae and Mycobacterium avium. The mmpI gene along with an adjuvant Lymphotoxin-beta (LTB) was successfully transformed into tobacco chloroplast by the Polyethylene glycol (PEG) mediated transformation method. The PEG transformation method provides an effective and cost efficient transformation procedure and can easily be adopted in resource-poor countries in comparison to biolistic transformation. Integration of LTB and mmpI genes into transplastomic plant genome was confirmed by PCR analysis. In total four transplastomic lines were generated which were healthy and normal. All plants had regular growth pattern, they were able to reach maturity and produce viable seeds. Taken together, the data presented in the study is a valuable step forward to pave the way in the development of cost effective and easily administrable PMVs for resource-poor countries.


The purpose of this descriptive/causal-comparative study was to determine if relationships existed between individual personality types as determined by the Do What You Are (DWYA) on-line personality inventory and gender, ethnicity, area of academic study, entering and exiting grade point averages (GPA), and time to degree completion of undergraduate students at the case study institution. Data were collected over a six year period by the institution's career development center. The student respondents were undergraduates and were self-selected to take the inventory. The sample included 2, 533 undergraduate students surveyed between 2003 and 2007. Statistical analysis utilized scores on the four continuous dimension scales on the personality inventory and other student demographic variables. Student scores on the DWYA served as the chief independent or predictor variable for all of the outcome variables. The first and second research questions examined the descriptive information of the majority types in each of the academic areas. The third and fourth questions examined the relationship between personality type and undergraduate grade point averages of the respondents. The fifth question examined the relationship between personality type and the student's academic status (continuing, dropped, or graduated). The sixth question sought to find a correlation between personality type and the time to degree obtainment. The four-way factorial ANOVA found one significant main effect interaction between the judging / perceiving dimension scale where judging types had a significantly higher mean GPA than perceiving types. ANOVA also discovered a significant two-way interaction between mean GPA's of the respondents and the extroversion/introversion scale and the thinking/feeling scale. Introverted thinkers had a higher mean GPA than extroverted thinkers. The Chi square statistic was found to be significant for feeling perceiving (FP) personality types (ENFP, ESFP, INFP, ISFP) and the dropout status.


The utility model relates to a novel dustproof mask, which comprises a mask body, the nose part on the mask body is provided with a fresh air inlet which is provided with a filter layer, and the mask body is provided with an exhaust joint which is connected with an exhaust fan through a hose. The suction of the exhaust fan is beneficial for fresh air outside to being sucked in smoothly, thus exhausting wet and dirty waste gas exhaled by a human body from the mask body, and therefore, uncomfortable feeling due to overlarge suction resistance at the fresh air inlet and retention of dirty wet gas caused by thick filter layer is avoided. Under the condition that the filter layer can filter fine dust particles of 2.5mm, air flow in the mask is smooth, so that people can breathe fresh air comfortably.


Maintaining financial success is important for every business, and a good manager should track its performance at a number of levels. These parameters may be interlinked and complex, so it is vital to be able to interpret the data collected. In this article, Peter Gripper describes some useful measures of financial performance and explains the importance of internal and external benchmarks.


The substitution of aluminium by magnesium in the aluminophosphate framework (MgAlPO4) by a simple synthesis using anionic sodium dodecyl sulphate(SDS) as surfactant leads to an active, selective and recyclable catalyst for the liquid and vapour phase polymerisation of styrene. The resulting material was characterized by means of FT-IR, BET surface area measurements, thermogravimetric analysis and temperature programmed desorption. With the aid of SDS, MgAlPO4 material with the surface area and unusual large pore diameter of 52 m 2 g -1 and 28.7nm, respectively, were successfully developed in order to carry out large organic molecules transformation reactions. The TPD profile illustrates the presence of strong acid sites in the MgAlPO4 frame work. Thus, it is found that mesoporous MgAlPO4 acts as an active initiator and catalyst for the vapour phase polymerisation of styrene. The influence of temperature was examined for maximum conversion of styrene.


This study aimed at examining the factors that cause the disparity of punishment in cases of sexual intercourse and molestation of minors, especially in Salatiga City, the impact of the occurrence of criminal disparities, and how the policy model for criminal acts of sexual intercourse and obscenity should be seen from the decidendi theory. The results of the study showed that the disparity in criminal penalties in criminal cases with children as victims is the existence of internal and external factors. Internal factors is in the form of a judge's own personality. While external factor is the legal factor or the legislation itself and the situation factor in the person who is in the perpetrator or defendant. The judge must be careful in seeing, digging, and observing the facts in the trial. Judges must pay attention to the attitude of prudence, avoiding carelessness, both formal and material to technical skills. The judge needs to give reasons or considerations following the values of truth and justice (ratio decidendi). The judge must also use common sense or rational thinking by paying attention to the previous judge's decisions to avoid striking disparity in sentencing. Currently, the judiciary in Indonesia, especially in the Salatiga District Court, still uses the method of imposing sentences based on trial examinations only. This causes court decisions issued by judges to have differences between one decision and another, which is called criminal disparity. The research method used by the researcher was a juridical-normative research method equipped with an in-depth case approach using the ratio decidendi theory. The technique of collecting legal materials used was a literature study. The legal material analysis technique used was deductive data analysis.


An optimal shape design algorithm is suggested to systematically design a traditional Korean musical instrument, the Pyeongyeong. The Pyeongyeong consists of 16 different chime stones called Gyeongpyeons. The first natural vibration frequency of each Gyeongpyeon must be adjusted to its target frequency, which is determined by the traditional sound tuning method. The second and third natural frequencies must be proportional to the first natural frequency with a specific ratio (1:1.498:2.378). The key idea in our suggested design algorithm is to use the sensitivity of natural frequencies to the variation in the length of each side of a Gyeongpyeon. The dimensions of five different Gyeongpyeons are determined by following the suggested algorithm. Changes in natural frequencies with respect to local thickness variation are closely investigated to compensate for errors that may occur during manufacturing. † Corresponding Author, email@example.com C 2014 The Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers


On the basis of network establishment, system architecture of warship's information integral platform and XML distributed data exchange were researched. To focus on information system data and network resource on warship, the multilevel software architecture was adopted in simulation. On the data layer, circulated simulation data about manoeuvring, ship system, power and navigation were got. On the service layer, the software interface of all the simulated systems was supplied, which realized data collection and information storage. The last layer was for user by which human-computer interface was got through client software. To improve stability of ship's local area network, double-ring topology was used as the main network, and very popular software named Wonderware in field of industry control was developed. With IAS platform, deployment of all the sub-stations was completed, and links between each collection and database were established. Multilevel computer network and information data integration frame on warship had many purpose, such as serving for oriented application system, data communication, information share and so on.


In this paper, we describe a supervised subspace learning method that combines Extreme Learning methods and Bayesian learning. We approach the standard Extreme Learning Machine algorithm from a probabilistic point of view. Subsequently and we devise a method for the calculation of the network target vectors for Extreme Learning Machine-based neural network training that is based on a Bayesian model exploiting both the labeling information available for the training data and geometric class information in the feature space determined by the network's hidden layer outputs. We combine the derived subspace learning method with Nearest Neighbor-based classification and compare its performance with that of the standard ELM approach and other standard methods.


(NDM) conference in 1989, the NDM community of practice has grown worldwide. NDM methods and models have extended well beyond the early studies of fire ground commanders to a broad range of domains. In fact, NDM professionals are often invited to contribute to the study of emerging problems with significant implications for safety, productivity, and innovation, and NDM methods and perspectives have advanced our understanding of decision making across many disciplines. This special issue highlights the integration of NDM into multidisciplinary efforts to improve work in complex domains. It also presents examples in which NDM research has had a meaningful impact on our understanding of complex cognitive work and has offered solutions to challenging problems. In response to the call for papers for this special issue, we received many submissions from all over the world describing new theoretical constructs, training methods, and research in domains such as health care, accident and incident investigation, aviation, military, and sports. This wealth of contributions is evidence of the expansion and broad reach of NDM frameworks and applications. The seven articles in this first part of the special issue volume span the range of topics and domains we envisioned. We solicited integrative articles highlighting links between NDM and other research communities. Patterson, Militello, Su, and Sarkar discuss loss of system resilience as a potential unintended consequence of the introduction of new technology in the health care domain, as it may result in an increase in cognitive work for macrocognition functions. In other work in the health care domain, D. Klein, Woods, Klein, and Perry examine decisions on patient safety using the evidence-based medicine framework and identify potential disconnects and ways to strengthen best-practices strategies. Canellas and Feigh tackle the complexities inherent in representing NDM computationally. Using a general mathematical form that represents the components of fast and frugal heuristics (FFH; Gigerenzer & Goldstein, 1996), they demonstrate that similar facets of NDM theories can be modeled by transforming them "through the lens of the FFH components" and describe how different inputs to the model can approximate different levels of expertise and time pressure. Articles in this issue also highlight outcomes and applications of NDM research. G. Klein and Borders present an application of the Shadow Box method for scenario-based training of warfighters' social, perceptual, and cognitive skills to manage civilian encounters. NDM has also advanced research and analysis in incident and accident investigation. According to Strauch, changes in the focus of National Transportation Safety Board accident reports have been prompted and enabled by advances in NDM theory—specifically with respect to a focus on the decision processes of operators. Finally, this part of the special issue illustrates new applications of the critical decision method (CDM), a core cognitive task analysis technique used across a range of NDM research domains. Boulton and Cole use the CDM to examine and compare the tactical decision-making processes of expert and novice Authorized Firearms Officers during armed confrontations. CattermoleTerzic, Horberry, and Hassall use CDM interviews to pinpoint key decision points and interagency coordination issues among traffic incident–responding agencies and suggested countermeasures using decision-centered design. Together, the collection of papers here provides an in-depth look at the extension of NDM theory and methods across disciplines and domains. 658033 EDMXXX10.1177/1555343416658033Journal of Cognitive Engineering and Decision MakingExtending Naturalistic Decision Making 2016


The non-linearity (NL) of monocrystal and polycrystal ZnO materials was studied on the basis of density functional theory. Firstly, wurtzite ZnO was selected as a candidate material for selector devices. As indicated by the calculated I-V curves on different ZnO surfaces, non-linearity and electrical conductivity varied among the ( 12 3 ¯ 0 ), (0001) and ( 10 1 ¯ 0 ) directions. The calculating models for wurtzite ZnO in three directions were named SF1, SF2 and SF3, respectively. SF1 and SF2 showed poor non-linearity although they demonstrated high electrical conductivity. SF3 exhibited excellent NL, but its electrical conductivity was low. Polycrystal ZnO material was studied, and three grain boundary (GB) models, namely, ZnO∑7( 12 3 ¯ 0 )[0001]GB (GB1), 45° rotating GB(GB2) and ∑1( 10 1 ¯ 0 )[ 10 1 ¯ 0 ]GB (GB3), were constructed. The GB barrier was found between two ZnO grains by calculating the I-V curves of GB and analysing the electrostatic potential, which resulted in NL improvement of GB compared with SF. By comparing the electrostatic potential analysis, we found that the electrical conductivity of GB3 was significantly enhanced to greater extent than that of SF3 because the Fermi level moved towards the conduction band. Therefore, the corresponding structure of polycrystalline ZnO should have better performance compared with single crystal ZnO to meet the selector design requirements. This work may be instructive and valuable for the design and optimization of ZnO-based gate selectors.


Previously, authors introduces a new parameter estimation method - the M-Bayesian credible limit method, and estimation formula of the M-Bayesian credible lower limit for reliability is provided. This paper,the other one estimation formula of the M-Bayesian credible lower limit for reliability is provided, moreover,properties of the M-Bayesian credible lower limit for reliability— relations among two M-Bayesian credible lower limits and classics confidence lower limit for reliability are also provided. Finally, example is given. Throughthe example show that the provided method is feasible and easy to perform.


The ultrastructure of rat gastric parietal cells was studied at six timepoints of the 24-hr day. The rats, maintained on an LD 12hr: 12hr regimen, had been subjected to either a 40-hr fast or to a four-hr mid-light restricted feeding period. At each timepoint, the volume density (Vv) of secretory canaliculi, surface density (Sv) of microvesicles and RER, and the numerical density (Nv) of multivesicular bodies were determined in cells of the neck and base of glands. Circadian variation of the four variables was suggested in both experiments. Canalicular and microvesicular measurements suggested that a rhythm in gastric acid secretion may persist during fasting; a peak and trough, respectively, occurred in the late dark phase, as in our previous report on ad libitum-fed rats. Restriction of feeding to that which is normally the rat's resting phase caused an apparent 180 degrees phase-shift in the rhythm. The data suggested, however, that additional factors may have influenced the cellular activity pattern. At all timepoints in both experiments, cells of the neck of glands had higher


In many countries of the world with high climate humidity, grass seeds after their harvesting cannot be preserved without artificial drying. The artificial drying process is associated with high energy costs, and its regimes should not reduce the sowing quality of seeds. Therefore, it is of particular importance to determine the most suitable drying regimes for seeds. For this purpose, for the conditions of seed farms in the North-West of the Russian Federation, experimental studies were performed to obtain information on the parameters and modes of drying seeds of perennial grasses for their various initial states and conditions. Experimental studies were performed on a rotary dryer during the drying of meadow fescue seeds. The experimental data were analyzed in Microsoft Excel 2010 using the methods of mathematical statistics. The obtained mathematical dependencies made it possible to establish that the effective modes of drying the seeds of the studied culture are provided during their layer-by-layer unloading from the drying chamber. Moreover, the lower layer of seeds should be unloaded every 2.5 hours of drying, while adding to the upper layer of the drying chamber a new volume of seeds equal to the unloaded one.


The aim of this work was to analyse the effect of pectin and glycerol concentration on colour, mechanical properties and water vapour permeability of pectin edible films. Pectin films were obtained from apple pectin film-forming solutions at concentrations of 1.5, 2.5 and 3.5%. Glycerol was added as a plasticizer at 30, 50 and 70% (w/w of pectin). Colour was measured in the L*a*b* system and total colour difference was calculated. Water vapour permeability at relative humidity differentials of 30-100% was measured at 25°C. Mechanical properties were presented as tensile force and elongation at break. Based on the results obtained, increasing content of pectin caused an increase in total colour difference, water vapour permeability and tensile force of ana- lysed films. Glycerol caused increasing elongation at break and water vapour permeability.


SUMMARY Micromagnetic modelling with a Monte Carlo method was performed to obtain 2-D micromagnetic structures of pseudo-single-domain (PSD) magnetite (0.2‐2.5 mm). Cubic model grains were subdivided into a 2-D array with a maximum of 100◊100 cells. In order to find an appropriate cell size, the variation of the self-consistency parameter (S) with cell size was examined. We regard solutions with S>0.95, which corresponds to cell sizes 0.03 mm, as representing realistic micromagnetic structures. For saturation remanence states, we found vortex structures for small PSD grains (0.25 mm) and closure domain structures for larger PSD grains (0.6‐2.5 mm). Between 0.25 and 0.6 mm, structures remained chaotic even after a very large number of Monte Carlo steps. In grains with a closure domain structure, domain walls were usually subdivided into several segments with opposite polarities of magnetization rotation.


Stature is one of the most significant measurements in physical anthropological research, with regression function based on local extant skeletal body parts the most prevalently applied method in stature estimation. Due to the scarcity of stature estimation methods based on crania and the usually poor preservation of human fossils, little work has been done on measurements of foramen magnum region. The present study estimated the statures of Yunxian DOI: 10.16359/j.cnki.cn11-1963/q.2015.0007 • 69 • 1 期 崔娅铭:通过枕骨大孔测量值对若干化石人类身高的估计 EV9001, Yunxian EV9002, Dali, Liujiang, Upper Cave 101, Upper Cave 102 and 37 skulls from historical archaeological sites ranging from the Neolithic to the Yuan Dynasty. To test the validity of results, five previous published estimations based on cranial measurements were used. The result of the current study shows that the stature of the six human fossils are 160.76, 161.89, 159.85, 161.54, 163.92 and 164.30 cm, respectively, with the stature estimation of the Liujiang cranium contradicting previous work, which might indicate that femoral fragments and the Liujiang cranium are not associated. The current study also shows differences between the proposions of fossil humans and Holocene humans, with younger specimens showing a closer pattern to extant humans. This stature analyses offers no support to extensive population expansion or gene flow during Pleistocene and Holocene.


Kyo Chul Koo, Woong Kyu Han, Seung Choul Yang From the Department of Urology, Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Although radical nephrectomy is the mainstay in the surgical management of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), a solitary kidney with RCC is an imperative indication for nephron-sparing surgery (NSS). In this rare setting, radical nephrectomy can potentially render the patient anephric, leading to dialysis or renal transplantation. Although open surgery is still the gold standard for NSS, there has been an upsurge in the number of minimally invasive NSS procedures that have demonstrated excellent long-term oncologic, surgical, and functional outcomes. Complex renal tumors in the setting of a solitary kidney add an additional challenge to minimally invasive NSS. Here we describe 3 complex cases of RCC in a solitary kidney treated successfully by video-assisted minilaparotomy surgery-NSS. (Korean J Urol 2009;50:288-292) 󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏


This paper addresses two questions. First, how did selected public institutions (principally the Armed Services and US Civil Service Commission) sustain segregationist values and assumptions? Second, how did President Truman tackle institutional segregation given the political support for this system in Congress and the Democratic party before the 1950s? I draw upon the 'new institutional' framework to analyse the role of public sector organisations in maintaining institutional segregation. I reject the new institutional thesis that such institutions are relatively autonomous because this claim neglects their political support and political origins, and the extent to which the values and assumptions they embody are protected politically. I argue that the national political coalition underpinning segregation explains why Truman relied upon executive action to effect institutional desegregation. Archival material from the investigative committees Truman established is marshalled to support these arguments.


Objective: We sought to account for the socio-political conditions to which the psychologist who practices in public health context in Santiago de Cali faces. Methodology: A qualitative descriptive study court focused on the analysis of content, theory behind the issues raised about the place that is currently occupying the psychologist in public health agencies and socio-political conditions which are faced, semistructured interviews were conducted with four psychologists belonging to the public health system of the city. Thus the information obtained with the analysis of the experiences of each psychologist regarding 1


The plant Cassia obtusifolia , family Fabaceae, found in northern Nigeria and in most tropical and sub-tropical countries, is eaten as food as well as employed ethno-medically in the treatment of various ailments. These include treatment of furuncles and ulcers, and externally for conjunctivitis. The aim of this study is to determine some of the pharmacognostic characters of the leaves of C. obtusifolia . The macroscopic, microscopic, organoleptic and chemomicroscopic characters as well as the numerical standards, preliminary phytochemical screening and elemental analysis of the leaves were determined. The microscopical studies showed unicellular covering trichome that is conical in shape, with thick and distinctly warty walls. Scattered paracytic stomata, appearing both in the upper and lower surfaces. The results of the numerical standards showed the moisture content, total ash, acid insoluble ash, water and alcohol extractive values of 17.5, 12.0, 3.0, 16.0 and 8.0 respectively. Preliminary phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of tannins, coumarin derivatives and saponins while the elemental analysis shows the presence of important metals such as potassium (7680 ± 1150), calcium (14900 ± 1070) and chromium (143 ±  LDL). The present study will be of benefits in developing a standardized profile of the leaves of C. obtusifolia , which would be of immense use to identify and establish the authenticity of the plant. Keywords: Cassia obtusifolia , Fabaceae, Pharmacognostic, Tafasa, Elemental analysis


In order to further understand the nerve regulation mechanism in effect of light on hen production performance,influence on the expression of c-fos gene by the different intensity light stimulation in hen tectofugal pathway was studied using nervous labeling combining with the immunohistochemistry method.The right eyes of hens in 120 day-old were shaded to keep dark for 5 d,then small amount of 30% HRP was injected into the thalamencephalon nucleus rotundus(ROT).After a 48 h survival period,light stimulation of different intensities was given for 1-1.5 h,afterwards kept in dark again for 1.5 h.Following perfusing with fixative,their brains were removed and made into continuous frozen sections.TMB method was used to show the HRP retrograde labeling nervous cells,and the immunohistochemical reaction of Fos protein was employed to detect the expression of c-fos gene in these regions.The results showed that there are different reactions to different light stimulation in the nucli of hen tectofugal pathway.Stratum griseum centrale(SGC) and ROT are most sensitive to the light of 30 lx,while the nucleus SP/IPS is more sensitive to the light of 40 lx.


Placing a sanitary waste management landfill (SWML) has long been a controversial issue and often creates strong public reactions. It is clear that the spatial variability of components and impacts is inherently connected to the process of site selection. The present research initially aims to provide decision-makers with a spatial methodology for the early stages of planning when a number of alternative locations are considered. Geographical information systems (GIS) are being used which can serve as a platform providing to all parties involved in such a process with thematic maps excluding areas unsuitable for SWML. The methodology further assists the decision making at the later stages of planning, when the subjectivity of factors assigned by both planners and consultants is being tested. The methodology allows the sensitivity of the apparent 'best' option to the allocation of weightings to be explored criticising eventually the outcome of conducted studies. Although European legislations have been taken into consideration, the principal motivation of the present research is to examine how the proposed methodology relates to current Greek procedures for siting a SWM landfill. The application of the methodology is illustrated using a case study which is a SWM landfill in West Attica, Greece.


Using Visual Basic as developing language, the paper illustrates principles and procedure design for automatically importing picture files of different format into word to form a picture base by using Activex.


This article examines the peculiarities of greeting etiquette in Korean and Uzbek culture. Factors such as age, circumstances, position, gender, and ceremony that are common to greeting Koreans and Uzbeks are analyzed. The peculiarities and differences of the linguistic landscape of the Uzbek and Korean linguistic communities are also highlighted.


This paper briefly studied the application in structural engineering of concrete-filled steel tube.The characteristics and research advances of concrete-filled steel tube structures are introduced.Finally,the engineering application of concrete-filled steel tube structures in bridge engineering,infrastructure engineering,high-rise building etc.are presented.


Three basic methods namely cohort component projection methods, statistical time series methods and structural modelling methods are discussed for the purpose of forecasting births, with the main focus on univariate time series methods. A general autoregressive integrated moving average model for birth time series is developed from the mathematical demographic renewal equation for births. The four-stage Box-Jenkins modelling method of model identification, estimation, diagnosis and forecasting is investigated in detail. This method is employed to model and forecast Australian birth time series. Finally, the comparison between time series forecasts and cohort component projections of births for Australia is made.


China has become one of the major green bond issue countries and is the only developing country. Research on green corporate bonds is currently a novel direction, and very few studies focus on the Chinese market. Researching Chinese corporate green bonds is essential for the Chinese and merging market. This article discusses corporate green bonds in the Chinese market from the perspective of stock market reaction, institutional investor positions and cost of capital. Firstly, the author analyzes the Chinese stock market reaction to the issuance of corporate green bonds by using an event-study methodology. The paper finds that Chinese stock markets respond positively to green bond issuance announcements, but this response reflects speculative trading behavior. Secondly, the author compares the stock positions of institutional investors after the issuance of corporate green bonds and finds that green corporate bond issuance in the Chinese market can attract long-term investors (institutional investors). Finally, this author adopts the exact matching method to verify the cost of capital argument and finds no significant benefit to the cost of capital, which is consistent with prior works.


A method for electroless nickel plating NdFeB alloy, the first substrate degreasing, rust, a cathodic treatment, pickling and other pre-treatment process, and then placed in a nickel sulfate, nickel chloride, boric acid, and other components of the additive plating bath formulations, to obtain good plating, high bonding strength of the coating, good brightness. Meet international ISO standards. The method of the present process is simple, low cost bath, a large operating current density, from light, high production efficiency. Expand the use of neodymium iron boron alloy, to improve its service life.


The decentralization of medical and educational services has contributed to efforts to combat marginalization. The planning of state actions, linked to the decision to place resource management in the hands of vale and municipal governments, has enabled the needs of the most vulnerable sectors of the population to be met. However, continuing administrative deficiencies have prevented an effective response by the state which would enable it to achieve its aim of social justice


Comparative morphofunctional and histological visualization of bladder wall lesions in 15 patients with chronic bacterial cystitis and in 15 patients with chronic radiation cystitis using positron emission tomography - computed tomography (PET/CT) was performed. The studies have revealed significant differences in the parameters of blood flow and tissue metabolism in patients with these forms of bladder lesions. In patients with chronic bacterial cystitis, an increase in the frequency of urination was accompanied by a decrease in the capacity of the bladder under conditions of a decrease in the velocity of arterial and venous blood flow in its wall as compared with the control. At the same time, at the cellular-molecular level in the bladder wall, no significant metabolic abnormalities, assessed by the SUVmax indicator, were revealed. Chronic radiation cystitis was characterized by a significant increase in the rate of systolic and diastolic blood flow in the bladder wall, its thickening and hypermetabolism of 18F-FDG.


This paper explores whether that part of the strategic management literature that is concerned with innovation risk may help our understanding of changes in the UK biopharmaceutical industry. In particular, the changes in this industry are analysed to determine whether companies now take account of the real options embedded in their drug development process and include these options in their evaluation of research and development expenditures. In addition, the paper considers whether advances in the management of risks associated with new technology are being applied in the biopharmaceutical sector. A pilot case study of one firm in this industry is examined and the results of three interviews discussed. The principal finding of this study is that a firm which has adopted leading-edge techniques advocated in the recent literature on the subject has achieved remarkable technical and economic success.


The article considers the eventful approach to the description of the economic processes and related notions: «facts of economic life», «facts of household processes» and «facts of economic processes». It is defined that facts are special cases of events. The necessity for registration of three types of events (events of economic processes, events of monitoring of economic processes and events of data entry into the accounting information system) is considered. It is suggested to expand the accounting information system by current events and planned and anticipated events, and not only facts of economic processes.


Loss of genetic variability in small population, known as founder effect, is commonly seen in aquaculture, where broodstocks are not routinely supplemented from the wild, leading to detrimental effects. Yet, the relationship between founding population size and observed population genetic profile is not clear. Here, the effects of founding population size and number of alleles per locus on the observed population genetic profile across multiple generations were examined using simulation. Our results suggest that the number of alleles per locus (p-value = 1.2E-102) and generation counts (p-value < 1E-240) are significant factors in genetic drift but not founding population size (p-value = 0.12). This suggests that genetic drift occurs regardless of population sizes, which may have implications in broodstock management to constantly minimize the impact of genetic drift regardless of broodstock population.


In the paper,it is elaborated the characteristics and production difficulties of low Si high Al steels such as ML08Al in details as well as the measures taken.The problems during productions are solved through practices so that the production of 150 mm×150 mm low Si high Al steel billets with chamber machine of round billets is made into normal production process flow,which greatly contributes for adjusting product mix as well as reducing costs and increasing efficiencies.