:
This paper discusses the problems on cultivation of modern cartography specialists
and gives some ideas on reform of cartographic education. The cultivating aim of cartog-
raphy specialization in geography department of university is a team of modern geo-car-
tographers. i.e. high -level cartography specialists who are provided with good grasp of
both elments of geography and modern cartographic theories and technics.
For sake of the cultimating aim to attain, the following teaching scheme should be
stressed:
(1) strengthen courses of geography.
(2) strengthen courses of cartographic theories.
(3) grasp new technics and methods of modern cartography. including computer-
aided mapping, use of remote sensing imageries for thematic mapping, methods of ma-
thematics. cartographic data base and geographical information system etc.,
(4) grasp map design and map compilation.
(5) well knowing on history of cartography.


In this paper we analysed the use of WhatsApp among first-year students at the University of Technology in the context of South Africa. Drawing on Deleuze and Guattari's Assemblage Theory, the study analysed postings on a WhatsApp group and secondary data using content analysis. The findings showed that first-year students used WhatsApp for communication, sharing content and information related to issues affecting their studies. Further, WhatsApp was useful in the process of becoming first-year students in the new educational environment and in the creation of knowledge from multiple sources that was not confined to the lectures and classroom experiences. This study offers insights that can be useful when developing strategies for integrating Mobile Instant Messaging platforms in the context of higher education.


Accessions of the wild tomato species Lycopersicon chilense LA 1969 and L. htrsutum LA 1777 which are resistant to tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) in field- and in whitefly-medi ated transmission tests were agroinoculated with a tandem repeat of the TYLCV genome. Large amounts of viral DNA started to accumulate in the agroinoculated L. chilense and L. hirsutum plants about 10 days after the agroinoculation. Yellowing and narrowing of the upper leaves were observed in the L. chilense plants but no curling as in susceptible L. esculentum cultivars. The agroinoculated L. hirsutum plants showed typical yellowing and curling of young leaves. These findings indicate that TYLCV introduced by means of agroinoculation leads to the breakdown of natural resistance mechanisms which prevent the replication, spread and expression of symptoms in resistant tomato genotypes.


Long-lived anticyclonic eddies (ACs) have been repeatedly observed over several North Atlantic basins characterized by bowl-like topographic depressions. Motivated by these previous findings, the authors conduct numerical simulations of the spin-down of eddies initialized in idealized topographic bowls. In experiments with 1 or 2 isopycnal layers, it is found that a bowl-trapped AC is an emergent circulation pattern under a wide range of parameters. The trapped AC, often formed by repeated mergers of ACs over the bowl interior, is characterized by anomalously low potential vorticity (PV). Several PV segregation mechanisms that can contribute to the AC formation are examined. In one-layer experiments, the dynamics of the AC are largely determined by a nonlinearity parameter ( ) that quantifies the vorticity of the AC relative to the bowl's topographic PV gradient. The AC is trapped in the bowl for low . 1, but for moderate values (0.5 . . 1) partial PV segregation allows the AC to reside at finite distances from the center of the bowl. For higher & 1, eddies freely cross the topography and the AC is not confined to the bowl. These regimes are characterized across a suite of model experiments using and a PV homogenization parameter. Two-layer experiments show that the trapped AC can be topor bottom-intensified, as determined by the domain-mean initial vertical energy distribution. These findings contrast with previous theories of mesoscale turbulence over topography that predict the formation of a prograde slope current, but do not predict a trapped AC.


Anastomoses of vessels of less than 0.5 mm in diameter remain a challenge from the technical aspect. Clinically such anastomoses are necessary for replantation of the distal digit in adults and whole digits in children. Survival data for replantation of these parts after prolonged ischemia have not yet been reported. Since a rat foot has an anatomic structure similar to the human hand, we used 40 rats as models of toe‐to‐thumb transplantation to study the survival rates of transplanted toes after various periods of cold ischemia (4°


The thermal barrier coating that consisted of ZrO2-8Y2O3 top-coat and Ni-22Cr-10Al-1Y bond-coat corroded in Ar-1%SO2 gas at 1000-1200°C for up to 300 h. The top-coat and bond-coat consisted primarily of β-ZrO2 and (γ-Ni, α-Al2O3), respectively. During corrosion, Al oxidized preferentially to α-Al2O3 to protect TBC, and sulfidation occurred to a small extent.


The electronic marketplace of the future will consist of a large number of services located on an open, distributed and heterogeneous platform, which will be used by an even larger number of clients. Mobile Agent Systems are considered to be a precondition for the evolution of such an electronic market. They can provide a flexible infrastructure for this market, i.e. for the installation of new services by service agents as well as for the utilization
of these services by client agents.

Mobile Agent Systems basically consist of a number of locations and agents. Locations are (logical) abstractions for (physical) hosts in a computer network. The network of locations serves as a unique and homogeneous platform, while the underlying network of hosts may be heterogeneous and widely distributed. Locations therefore have to guarantee independence from the underlying hard- and software. To make the Mobile Agent System an open platform, the system furthermore has to guarantee security of hosts against malicious attacks.


Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Maastricht University, The Netherlands Lecturer Undergraduate Minor Coordinator A Non-European Modernity: India in a Globalizing World Post-Doctoral Research Affiliate Nanotechnologies for Development in India, Kenya, and the Netherlands: Towards a Framework for Democratic Governance of Risks in Developing Countries (http://fasosresearch.nl/nano-dev/) Post-Doctoral Research Fellow July 2017 Present


The main purpose of this work is to study the sea surface SAR imaging in large scene at large squint based on the refined facet scattering field model (RFSFM) together with the improved Nonlinear Chirp Scaling algorithm. The precise azimuth compression is obtained by considering the effect of the higher order term on the azimuth phase. The results show that in large squint angle, the sea surface texture features can be seen clearly from the SAR image, the correctness of the improved method is proved.


In the editorial to this issue I summarised the available academic evidence on the effect of minimum wages upon employment. I pointed out that it is possible that the conclusion which logically follows from this evidence — that jobs are not lost — may not apply to sectors exposed to strong offshore competition. I felt it would be useful to have the view of the industry (employers) on this subject.


Lateral Inhibition primarily is understood as the retinal bipolar contrast enhancement in early vision-to fit visually-driven behavior to a Gaussian physical environment. When it has been found that any motion anticipation is already accomplished to a large extent by these neuronal circuits in the retina, the time dimension becomes an integral aspect of the spatial discrimination. The performed hyperpolarization transforms environmental Gauss distributed information to become time and space discrete allowing geometrical prediction according to time, to reach and hit goals or to avoid collision. Apparently by changing attention, alternate modes in four-dimensional bindings are invoked to orientate and to direct precise decisions in motor activity. Though the output of the autonomous self-referenced system again is Gaussian.


The trend towards electric vehicle is one of the efforts to reduce the consumption of energy and to minimize the negative environmental impact on earth. However, there are several issues to commercialize electric vehicle. The large capacity, weight, expensive price, short life time and charging time of batteries are the most important obstacles. On-Line Electric Vehicle (OLEV) is an innovative electric powered transportation system which remotely picks up electricity from power transmitter buried under ground. The core technology of OLEV is based on SMFIR (Shaped Magnetic Field in Resonance). The input supply frequency is converted to a very high frequency at inverter stage and this high frequency current flow through the power line. The magnetic flux generated from the power lines is gathered at the pick-up module and then rectified. The rectified output energy is stored in a battery and used for driving the motor. OLEV requires only a minimal battery capacity which can consequently minimize the weight and price of vehicle and power station. By improving power supply and pick-up modules the power transfer capability can be extended for driving the train which can even beat maglev. Although OLEV technology is similar to maglev in lack of contact, the two systems use electromagnetic fields in different ways. A magnetic levitation system uses the repulsive force between magnetic flux for motion, whereas OLEV uses magnetic flux, which is converted into electrical energy, to drive motors. The rectified power output in the pickup module can be consider as a variable dc source, like PV cell, because power output will be varied according to the alignment between primary and pick-up module. So by using MPPT algorithm the induced power in the pick-up module can be transfer efficiently to the motor.


Objectives: To identify the adherence of prescriptions for GI and CVS medications to essential drug list and standard treatment guidelines. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in the Department of Medicine, Singtam and CRH, Gangtok. 1151 prescriptions were audited on OPD basis for a period of 2 years (Dec 2011-Nov 2013). CVS and GI medications were identified and analyzed. Chi square test was used where p≤0.05 was considered as significant. Data was initially entered in excel file and later analyzed by SPSS.version 20.0 Results: The result showed that 488 out of 494 prescriptions were adherent to essential drug list & standard treatment guidelines in singtam hospital and 584 out of 658 prescriptions were adherent to EDL & STG in CRH, Tadong. Conclusion: By analyzing the result we finally concluded that 1072 out of 1152 prescriptions were adherent to essential drug list, that means around 93.13% prescriptions were adherent to essential drug list.


In Natural Language Processing, doing the semantic textual similarity (STS) task between monolingual sentences is itself taxing. In this paper, we extend this problem to the multilingual STS scenario, making it even more challenging. We approach this problem using a multilingual representation of words where words having similar meaning across different languages are aligned. We prepare a very large multilingual STS dataset by scraping several multilingual government, insurance, and bank websites. Because these websites have only positive examples for doing multilingual STS we develop an algorithm for generating negative examples using latent Dirichlet allocation and OpenAI-GPT. We are able to train well performing models for datasets combining English, French, and Spanish. We get very good transfer performance across languages as well as domains. We also show our model's state-of-the-art paraphrase detection performance on the Microsoft Research Paraphrase Corpus.


Consumption of fossil fuels is increasing day by day. Indonesia itself is one of the countries that produce petroleum for vehicle fuels. The increasing volume of vehicles results in very large fuel consumption and the result is that exhaust gases from vehicles produce air pollution every time that can endanger health. So that further handling is needed to reduce fuel consumption so that it is more efficient and can overcome emissions from car exhaust gases. One of them is the addition of citronella oil. The aim is to get the effect of mixing pertalite fuel with minycitronella. The method used is an experimental study, in direct data collection by mixing pertalite fuel plus betel oil with a mixture variation of 0.25 ml, 0.50 ml and 0.75 ml. The results of this study indicate that from variations in speed of 60 km/hour with a vehicle speed of 3 minutes, the distance is 5.6 km. There is a difference in sound and smaller vibrations and a lighter pull than fuel without a mixture of citronella oil.


ABSTRACT Scholarly science citation data is typically of large volume an d consists of a variety of data. Moreover, the volume of data is increasing more and more. There fore, there are some requirements to store and manage the data efficiently and Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information (KISTI) develops Korea Science Citation Database (KSCD) which manage and serve very large-volume of korea science technique i nformation including citation data. However, current services based on KSCD are not enough fo r various users. Thus, it is important issue to offer a variety of services using KSCD. For example, if a user searches articles described by a specific author, then a user may want t o find not only the articles cited by a certain author but also those articles that study similar topics. However, it is not always easy to provide these services with citation data. Therefore, t his paper surveys studies about services using citation data in order to find approaches for be tter utilizing KSCD. Especially, this paper considers data mining techniques, because data mining is one of the main techniques to extracting semantic information from big data. Therefore, th is paper discusses methods for utilizing large volume of KSCD based on data mining technique.


In recent years, 3D sensing and capture technologies have made constant progress, leading to point clouds with higher resolution and fidelity. Since most applications demand compact storage and fast transmission, the issue of how to compress point clouds efficiently becomes an intractable problem. While previous GFT-based solutions use the transform tool to decorrelate attributes directly, ignoring the overall attribute's data spatial redundancy, Graph Fourier Transform (GFT) has shown good performance on point cloud attribute compression. So, motivated by coding tools in traditional image and video coding, we propose a block-based data-adaptive intra prediction tool before graph transform processing to further reduce the redundancy. We adopt uniform quantizing and context-based arithmetic coding to get the final bitstream. Experimental results on different datasets demonstrate that our method improves the compression efficiency of other GFT-based schemes and has much better BD-BR performance than the state-of-the-art Region-Adaptive Hierarchical Transform (RAHT) approach on most specified point cloud contents.


Unlike synthetic dyes, natural dyes do not affect the human body or create atmosphere pollution that are also mothproof, antibiotic and sterilized. This study examined the changes in dye adsorption properties according to mordant types and mordanting method to qualify trends using sage and rosemary extracts. Dyeability of sage extract is often similar to rosemary extract regardless of dyeing conditions. Dyeing properties of herb colorants on cotton, silk and wool fiber and effect of dyeing conditions on dye uptake were also compared. Dyed fabric showed a yellowish color and the dyeing affinity was somewhat good with rosemary extract. The surface color of the dyed fabrics was darkened by mordant treatment. The K/S value of herb colorants of protein fiber was higher than cellulose fiber. The concentration of mordant having the highest dyeing affinity was different from the mordant type. Regardless of the type of fiber, the K/S value of pre-mordanting was the highest in mordanting method, and the K/S value of simultaneous mordanting indicated no noticeable mordant effect. The fastness of washing of silk fabric was reduced the most by mordant treatment. The lightfastness was reduced in Al mordant treatment regardless of the type of fiber. The lightfastness of wool increased somewhat by mordant treatment.


During the construction of an innovative platform for the teaching,studying and research of pollution control microbiology,comprehensive,programmed and innovative experiments were performed.These experiments promote students' interest and studying enthusiasm,and also enhance the teaching level of the teachers.Under the guidance of the teachers,students could design experimental apparatus,which not only alleviated the shortage of the experimental apparatus,but also promote students' ability to analyze problems,process data and integrate practical operation.


Regionalization is one of the biggest problems faced by spatial data mining while representing economic and social geography. This problem could be solved by the spatial clustering algorithm for grouping spatial objects. The main purpose of regionalization is to find compact and dense regions which also represent the homogeneous distribution of non-spatial variables. In this paper various clustering algorithms which are used to solve regionalization issues in spatial data mining are studied and also compare the performance of K-means and Ward's algorithm on cohesion, variance, precision and recall parameter's done.


Abstract Hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) is a leguminous cover crop that is generally used as a green manure to sustain soil health in arable land. Molybdenum (Mo) acts as a cofactor for the nitrogenase (NA) and nitrate reductase (NR) enzymes, which are important for nitrogen (N) fixation, nitrate reduction and N transport in plants. In this study, we applied various doses of Mo to soil to evaluate their efficacy on nodulation, nodule characteristics and biomass production of hairy vetch. Mo application increased the number and size of nodules and NA and NR enzyme activity in hairy vetch. This increase in enzyme activity increased N assimilation and led to higher biomass yield. Plants grown in soil that received 0.5 mg Mo kg−1 showed optimal physical and biochemical properties in nodules, and these properties may explain the increased N fixation in hairy vetch. Higher Mo doses (1.0 mg kg−1) led to the deterioration of nodule structure and, hence, reduced enzymatic activity in plants. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing and cluster analysis showed that the bacterial isolates found in the nodules of hairy vetch roots belonged to the Rhizobiaceae family and shared high sequence similarity with Rhizobium leguminosarum and Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Application of 0.63 mg Mo kg−1 to soil was the optimum dose to maximize the biomass yield of hairy vetch.


Abstract : The Phosphoric Acid Containment System (PACS) was developed by The Boeing Company and is intended to provide on-aircraft phosphoric acid anodization of aluminum surfaces. The first objective of this investigation was to determine if the PACS produces a surface equivalent to the phosphoric acid tank system. The second objective was to evaluate the PACS procedure against Air Force maintenance criteria and ascertain if operator sensitivity is an issue. In addition, the PACS unit was used to study the effects of various operating parameters on the quality of the prepared aluminum surface. The operating, or processing, variables examined included voltages/currents other than those recommended in the operating procedure, anodization time/acid flow rate over the aluminum, orientation of the surface being anodized, temperature of the surface being anodized, effect of a delay between completion of acid flow and initiation of rinse, effect of fasteners on vacuum integrity and methods to seal leaks, effect of screen type, effect of type and amount of breather material, effect of the addition of sodium bicarbonate to the rinse water, and the size of the surface being anodized. Wedge test panels were made with the PACS-prepared surfaces to determine the integrity of the bond between the surface preparation and the adhesive. In addition, the surface morphology of the aluminum surface was characterized. Wedge test results indicated that the PACS-prepared aluminum surfaces were as good as those prepared using the standard phosphoric acid anodize (PAA) procedure. In addition, the morphology of the PACS and PAA surfaces were similar in overall oxide layer structure, but differed in oxide layer thickness. Based on the wedge test results, the ranges for the PACS operating or processing parameters were determined.


The purpose of this study is to investigate the vocational conciousness of youngworkers by themselves and opinions by their employers. Two kinds of mailquestionnaire surveys were conducted for workers and employers respectively: 1048 young workers (628 male and 420 female) and 1096 employers providedusable data for this study.Main results are the following;(1) Young male workers have more strong motivation toward their work thanfemale ones.(2) Elder female workers (25-30 age) have more strong motivation toward theirwork than younger workers (18-24 age).(3) Employers support philosophy of traditional Japanese managementsystems more strongly than young workers. This tendency is observed as morepopular by the large- size company's employers and high performanceemployers.(4) Young male workers have more negative attitude toward a change ofoccupation than young female ones.(5) Young female workers think their private living hours are more importantthan young male ones.(6) Elder workers (25-35 age) have more positive attitudes toward snperiorfigures, self-development programs, human relations at their work place thanyounger workers (18-25 age).(7) Employers support more strongly philosophy of traditional Japanese management systems than young workers.


This study is part of a general project to analyse the biological and ecological mechanisms that influence the invasion of Mediterranean sand dune ecosystems by alien plants. In this paper we analyse the morphological and functional traits of coastal dune wild species (natives and aliens) based mainly on information from the literature. The most common 130 wild species occurring on the recent (Holocenic) coastal dunes were included considering the invasive status of alien plants. A comparative analysis of functional groups was performed through ordination techniques (PCoA using the Gower index). This reveals four functional groups related to the most important plant communities in coastal vegetation zonation. Alien plants were found in all functional groups and no trait or set of traits was specifically related to them. This indicates that aliens show similar traits to those natives growing in different communities of the coastal dune zonation, from the small beach annuals to the evergreen taller shrubs of the Mediterranean macchia. When the invasive status of alien species was taken into account, however, some differences emerged: a) casual aliens were found in almost all groups but their traits were not interpreted as being due to any particular adaptive strategy; b) naturalised aliens were only found in the less fluctuating habitats of the inner coastal zones; c) invasive alien species were connected with two major plant strategies: annual invasive aliens (quick-to-mature low grasses and herbs) and perennial invasive aliens (taller and often strongly clonal).


The first edition of Eyal Benvenisti's The International Law of Occupation, published in 1993, was the first thorough treatment of occupation law to appear in English in 30 years. Not since Gerhard van Glahn's volume of 1957 had a scholar comprehensively surveyed this critical area of law. An update was long overdue. The seemingly clear rules of the 1907 Hague Regulations and 1949 Fourth Geneva Convention appeared to be receding in importance, as few states in the post-World War II period acknowledged their status as occupiers; Israel's prolonged occupation of the Palestinian territories challenged the assumption of occupation as a temporary phenomenon; few governments ousted in recent occupations went into exile to await a return to power, thus calling into question occupation law's focus on protecting the prerogatives of the "de jure regime"; and occupiers had seemingly honoured the "conservationist principle" - the limitation on an occupier's legislative authority most famously embodied in Article 43 of the Hague Regulations - mostly in the breach. States themselves provided little help in making sense of these and other developments. The discussions of occupation law in the US and UK military manuals, for example, had not been updated since the late 1950s. With the striking exception of Israel in the Palestinian territories, occupation law appeared to be receding from relevance.
Now Benvenisti has published a second edition, adding almost 150 pages of text and several new chapters covering topics not addressed in the first edition. One is tempted to say that the second edition is even more overdue than the first. If the first edition sought to rescue occupation law from irrelevance, the second edition seeks to make sense of an explosion in state practice, judicial opinions, UN-sponsored activity, emerging cognate doctrines, and scholarly commentary, all of which have �


Non-gestational extragonadal choriocarcinomas are extremely rare. A 61-year-old G3 and P3 underwent hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and pelvic lymph node sampling for endometrial carcinoma. Histologic examination revealed a serous carcinoma with a choriocarcinomatous component. Postoperatively serum HCG was 225000IU/l. Because of diffuse pulmonary metastatic disease with respiratory problems the patient was initially treated with methotrexate and folinic acid rescue. After three cycles chemotherapy was switched to the EMA-Co scheme because of rising HCG levels. After five cycles of EMA-Co HCG values declined and partial resolution of pulmonary metastatic disease was seen. Because of the metastatic disease and most likely due to the chemotherapeutically induced immunodeficiency, the patient died from pneumonia two months after the initial diagnosis. Endometrial adenocarcinoma with a choriocarcinomatous component is an aggressive neoplasm and should be treated as gestational choriocarcinoma.


Terra Firme dense forest occurs in 65% of the Amazonian region and is characterized by the high diversity of plant species and high occurrence of rare plant species. The objective of this work was to analyze the horizontal structure of 15 hectares of plots, randomly chosen from a set of 400 ha of permanent plots situated at the Experimental Site of Embrapa, Manaus, Amazonas State, Brazil. All individuals with DBH ≥ 10 cm were identified at the level of species in 2005. The VI values (Values of importance) were separated in classes of range with one (01) standard deviation and the individuals distributed according to DBH classes of 10 cm in amplitude. In total, 8771 individuals were identified, distributed into 264 species and 53 families. A larger number of individuals is concentrated in a few number of species, such as Protium hebetatum D.C. Daly, Eschweilera coriacea (DC.) S.A. Mori and Licania oblongifolia Standl, which sum up 21% of the total number of individuals and 12% of the VI. There is a high occurrence of rare species (36%). The families Sapotaceae, Lecythidaceae and Burseraceae together accounted for 39% of the total number of individuals. The diametric structure in an inverse-J shape shows that 80% of the individuals are concentrated in the DBH classes ranging from 10 to 30 cm. The results highlight the high occurrence of rare species and those with low density, and with distribution restricted to some plots, particularly those belonging to the lowest classes of VI, which deserve special attention in actions for biodiversity conservation and forest management.


Disclosed is an organic electroluminescence element obtained by forming a stacked body having an anode; a light-emitting layer containing an ion pair containing an anion expressed by formula (1a), formula (1b), formula (2), or formula (3), and a high-molecular light-emitting material; and a cathode in this order; and by performing a conduction wherein a voltage of 10V or higher is applied between said anode and said cathode to flow an electric current from said anode to said cathode. (In the formulas, Y 1 represents a group 13 atom; Ar 1 represents an aryl group or the like having an electron-withdrawing group; Q 1 represents an oxygen atom or the like; X 1 represents a halogen atom or the like; a represents an integer of 1‑3; k represents an integer of 1‑4; V 1 represents a group 16 atom or the like; b represents an integer of 2‑6; and Z 1 represents -C≡N- or the like. c represents an integer of 1‑6.)


V. A. Popescu, Gh. N. Popescu, The Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest C. R. Popescu, University of Economic Studies and University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania The purpose of this paper is to enhance the understanding of both the economic and social dimensions belonging to Romania's metallurgical industry and how they contribute to generating business value. The approach of this subject became of utmost necessity in turbulent times such as the one Romania is facing nowadays.


Traditional methods of managing residential societies have several limitations, such as a lack of transparency and inefficient communication. This study proposes a web application that can address these limitations by automating tasks, such as improving communication and enhancing transparency. It offers features such as maintenance of payment scheduler, record maintenance dues, complaint management, communication management, notice systems, visitor notifications, and security management. The user interface of the application shows great potential for streamlining society management and fostering efficient communication.


Tidal motions of the water table height inside a sloping beach are investigated via field measurements and theoretical considerations. Only the movements forced by the tide are considered, so a beach with negligible wave activity was chosen for the field measurements. The data show that even in the absence of precipitation the time averaged inland water table stands considerably above the mean sea level. Also the water table at a fixed point inside the beach is far from sinusoidal even though its variation is forced by an essentially sinusoidal tide. This latter effect is due to the boundary condition along the sloping beach face which acts as a highly nonlinear filter. The observed behavior of the water table is explained in terms of perturbation extensions to the classical "deep aquifer solution." One extension deals with the nonlinearity in the interior, the other with the boundary condition at the sloping beach face.


Rice is the major growing crop in South and Southeast Asia and half of the world population takes rice as staple food. But rice production hampered because of rice tungro disease caused by two viruses. MicroRNA(miRNA) act major role in plant resistance against viruses. miRNAs are short around 22 nucleotides RNA molecules found in eukaryotic cells that regulate gene expression by translational inhibition or cleavage of complementary mRNAs. The present work emphasizes on different string matching algorithms such as Boyer-Moore, Knuth-Morris, Rabin-Karp to elucidate the potentiality of rice miRNAs target against rice plant infecting tungro viruses of both Rice Tungro Spherical Virus (RTSV) and Rice Tungro Baciliform Virus (RTBV). 581 number of miRNA sequence from miRBase has been collected and target rice tungro viruses genes like coat proteins CP1,CP2,CP3, poly-protein of RTSV and ORF1, ORF2, ORF3, P12, P24, P46 and P194 of RTBV considered for simulation. The potential endogenous rice miRNAs targeted found by three different algorithms in our approach also compared with the web based sever psRNATarget. The novel target site findings of rice miRNAs and tungro virus will be helpful to manipulate in new biotechnological approaches for enhance rice production.


Summary Salivary glands of the members of the Order Hemiptera contain proteins which are involved in extra oral digestion and insect-plant interactions. Identification of proteins and determination of their physiological roles in the salivary gland is an essential step to elucidate sunn pest-wheat interactions. In this study, proteomic techniques were used to compare protein patterns in the salivary gland of fifth-instar nymphs and adults of the sunn pest, Eurygaster integriceps. Among 139 detected spots, 31 spots were selected for protein identification. Thirteen spots were differentially expressed between the two life stages. Trypsin, arginine kinase and phospholipase A2 levels were higher in the adult stage whereas chymotrypsin, arginine methyltransferase and salivary endonuclease levels were greater in fifth-instar nymphs. The remaining eighteen spots were selected for protein mapping of the salivary gland. Serine protease ssp3, alpha-amylase, glucose dehydrogenase, vacuolar H+ATPase and thrombostasin-3 were expressed at similar levels in fifth-instar nymphs and adults


Supervised Latent Dirichlet based Topic Models are variants of Latent Dirichlet Topic Models with the additional capability to discriminate the samples. Light Supervision strategies are recently adopted to express the rich domain knowledge in the form of constraints. Posterior Regularization framework is developed for learning models from this weaker form of supervision expressing the set of constraints over the family of posteriors. Modelling arbitrary problem specific dependencies is a non-trivial task, increasing the complexity of already harder inference problem in the context of latent dirichlet based topic models. In the current work we propose posterior regularization method for topic models to capture wide variety of auxiliary supervision. This approach simplifies the computational challenges posed by additional compound terms. We have demonstrated the use of this framework in improving the utility of topic models in the presence of entropy constraints. We have experimented with real word datasets to test the above mentioned techniques.


Recent trials of basic sanitation interventions in low- and middle-income countries have identified little or no health impact, despite improving access to toilets and their quality. However, qualitative studies frequently report that toilet users value broader benefits for privacy, safety and status. Economic evaluations have not included these benefits, in the absence of means to measure them quantitatively, potentially leading to misallocated resources. The aim of this research was to develop and apply an approach to measuring and valuing quality of life in the economic evaluation of sanitation interventions. This is a paper-style thesis which incorporates five papers linked by short pieces of supporting material. By integrating qualitative and quantitative methods from health economics, this thesis outlines the development and application of a measure of "sanitation-related quality of life" (SanQoL). The thesis finds that the benefits of an urban sanitation intervention for toilet users' quality of life can be quantitatively measured and valued, working alongside the Maputo Sanitation trial in Mozambique. Attributes of the measure are first identified in qualitative research using the capability approach. The validity and reliability of the ensuing SanQoL measure are assessed using psychometric analytic methods. The SanQoL measure captures the degree of achievement of five sanitation-related capabilities: privacy, safety, health, shame and disgust. Rescaling with user-derived weights results in SanQoL index values ranging from zero (no sanitation capability) to one (full sanitation capability). These index values can be used to weight sanitation-adjusted person years (SAPYs), a proposed measure of the value of sanitation. After estimating the effect of a shared, urban sanitation intervention on SanQoL, that effect is applied in a cost-effectiveness analysis using the novel SAPY measure as the outcome. This thesis demonstrates how measuring and valuing toilet users' quality of life brings new insights to the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of sanitation interventions.


Elevations in circulatory DNA, as measured by real‐time PCR, have been observed in pregnancies with manifest preeclampsia. Recent reports have indicated that circulatory nucleosome levels are elevated in the periphery of cancer patients. We have now examined whether circulatory nucleosome levels are similarly elevated in cases with preeclampsia.


The Lipnyazka massif is located in the Dobrovelychkivsky district of the Kirovohrad region, v. Lipnyazka and further south. Structurally, it is located within the Bratskyy Synclinorium of the Ingul megablock and coincides with the Mikhailovsky anticline. The main petrotype of the massif rocks are porphyry-like granites, often with a gneiss-like texture, aplito-pegmatoid, pegmatoid granites and pegmatites. The latter most often form secant vein bodies. Uranium-lead isotopic dating of granitoids of the Lipnyazka granite massif has been performed, with which a number of deposits and ore occurrences of rare elements, primarily lithium, are spatially and probably genetically connected. The age of porphyry-like granites (2032 ± 6 million years), which is the main petrotype of rocks distributed in the area of the village of Limestone and pegmatoid granites (2027 ± 1 million years), which cut porphyry-like in the form of vein bodies. Aplithoid framed granites (2046 ± 8 million years old), common in the area of the mouth of the Sukhyi Tashlyk River (Dobryanka village), are somewhat older. Based on the results of determining the isotopic composition of strontium in the accessory apatite of granites, a conclusion was made about the upper crust source of granites of the Lipnyazka massif (87Sr/86Sr – 0.730-0.785).


This study was undertaken to study pareidolias, or perceived meaningful objects in a meaningless stimulus, in patients across the Lewy body (LB) disease spectrum, where most do not report hallucinations or delusions.


Mobile devices and applications provide significant advantages to their users, in terms of portability, location awareness, and accessibility. A number of studies have examined usability challenges in the mobile context, and proposed definitions of mobile application usability and methods to evaluate it. This paper presents the state of the art of the evaluation and measurement of mobile application usability.


Intervention with children with speech and language difficulties has been proven beneficial compared with no treatment yet, knowing what type of intervention to provide remains a challenge. Studies of English-speaking children indicate that intervention targeting the production of morphological targets may have a positive effect on phonological aspects and vice versa. However, studies have not reported on generalization effects to untreated morphemes and little is yet known about morphological intervention in the context of a highly inflected language. The purpose of the current intervention case study was to investigate the effect of intervention in relation to phonological and morphological targets in Greek, a language characterized by complex inflectional morphology. A single subject research design was used with pre- and post-intervention assessment carried out. The participant was a four-year-old Greek-speaking boy with speech difficulties. The production of /s/, a phoneme used in multiple phonological and morphological contexts was targeted with alternating focus of intervention between phonological and morphological targets. Assessment took place at two levels: macro-assessment to monitor broad changes in speech; micro-assessment to measure therapy-specific changes in the production of treated targets and generalization to untreated targets and control items. There were four phases of intervention with a total of 24 hours of therapy. Significant improvement in performance accuracy was found between assessment scores immediately pre- and post-intervention. Intervention targeting the production of a phoneme in the word stem was not sufficient to accomplish the accurate production of morphemes requiring the same phoneme; intervention directly targeting morphemes was successful. Within-domain generalization was observed in both domains. Improved naming accuracy was observed post-intervention that was maintained at follow-up. The present study supports the case for morphophonological intervention. Morphological elements should be addressed in a comprehensive intervention for speech sound disorders.


A note on the long-term solution to the global food crisis which lies in diversified, small-scale production where communities and regions control agriculture and food production to prioritise local food needs, is presented. Food crisis and the steps taken by various countries such as Nepal, Indonesia, Philippines, Africa, and Uruguay are discussed.


The isolation and characterisation of purpuride, a metabolite of Penicillium purpurogenum Stoll, is recorded. Its structural elucidation, by direct X-ray analysis and determination of the chirality of one of the asymmetric centres in the molecule, is described. Purpuride is the N-acetyl-L-valine ester (1) of 1α-hydroxydrim-8-en-12,11-olactone.


Gallium Nitride (GaN) based High Electron Mobility Transistors (HEMTs) have an excellent potential for high temperature and high-frequency electronics because of the wide energy band gap and high peak and saturation velocities. The level of low-frequency noise is one of the important parameters determining the device potential for microwave and switching applications. In this paper we report on an experimental set-up for measurement and investigations of low-frequency (LF) noise in advanced electronic devices such as GaN HEMTs. The set-up allows realization of the low-frequency noise measurements under optical and/or thermal excitation in the UV/VIS region and temperature range from 25 to 300 °C. Functionality of the set-up is demonstrated by measurement of low-frequency drain noise spectral density of HEMT transistor under conventional dark conditions and UV illumination. Spectral decomposition has been used for identification of noise sources in HEMT transistor and influence of the UV illumination to low-frequency noise sources has been investigated.


The purpose of this study is to test: (1) classical mastery of problem-solving abilities in Realistic Mathematics Education Learning assisted with fun cards, (2) whether problem-solving abilities in Realistic Mathematics Education Learning Approach is better than learning with PBL, (3) the influence of students' learning responsibility towards problem-solving skills with the Realistic Mathematics Education approach, and (4) describe students' problem-solving abilities in terms of learning responsibility. This study uses a mixed method of sequential explanatory design, the population in this study was the seventh-grade students of one of Junior High School 36 Semarang the academic year of 2018/2019. The results showed that (1) students' problem-solving abilities through the Realistic Mathematics Education Learning Approach assisted with fun cards met classical learning completeness criteria, (2) problem-solving abilities of students who obtained Realistic Mathematics Education Learning assisted with fun cards are better than students who learn with Problem-Based Models Learning, (3) learning responsibilities have a positive effect on students' problem-solving skills in Realistic Mathematics Education Learning assisted with fun cards, (4) students' problem-solving abilities in terms of responsibility through the RME learning approach assisted with fun cards.


Based on the characteristic and law of Electromagnetic Radiation (EMR) of the coal or rock underload, the EMR monitoring instrument is designed with the function of electromagnetic radiation signal receiving, data processing, storing, transmitting and disaster forecasting. And the software is developed based on Windows system with the function of data delivering, parameter setting, data processing analyzing and dynamic forecasting. When EMR monitoring instrument is applied in forecasting coal and gas outburst, the EMR level of having gas outburst dangerous coal seam is higher than that of no having gas outburst dangerous coal seam. When it is applied in forecasting rock burst, EMR is strong in the place of hig mine pressure, and EMR is difference in rock burst dangerous area, the EMR level increases or changes violence. The application results indicate that it is feasible to forecast coal or gas outburst and rock burst with EMR method. The EMR monitoring instrument realizes noncontact forecast in simple method with high stability and high accuracy, and it casts little influence on production.


Zhu Zaiyu was a distinguished Temperament scholar in Ming Dynasty. In his work, Key Meaning of the Temperament, he chose some of the scores of Chinese Lyre, especially the score of the south wind, which was said written by the Lord of Shun, to expound his view on the art of Chinese Lyres. He thought that these scores contained rich sources of the ancient Li and Yue (means etiquette and music). His view on the art of Chinese Lyres mainly contains the following aspects: first, the composing of the scores' symbol significance; second, the effect of cultivation of the musical feature; and the humanity value of the words in the scores.


This study investigates the repeat purchase intention of experienced online buyers. In the research model, psychological contract violation is proposed as a formative second-order construct driven by distributive justice, procedural justice, interpersonal justice, and informational justice. Psychological contract violation is hypothesized to negatively affect satisfaction and trust in the online store, which in turn are hypothesized to positively affect repeat purchase intentions. Switching cost is hypothesized to negatively moderate the effects of satisfaction and trust on repeat purchase intention. Data collected from 162 of PChome's customers provide partial support for the research model. Results indicate that psychological contract violation is negatively associated with satisfaction and trust. Satisfaction is positively associated with buyers' repeat purchase intentions. A higher level of switching cost diminished satisfaction's effect on repeat purchase intention. Implications for theory and practice are discussed, and suggestions for future research are offered.


. Three cases of single coronary artery are reported. All had bicuspid aortic valves and one case also a ventricular septal defect. A 24-year-old woman had suffered from angina pectoris from the age of 16. Over the last years electrocardiographic signs of progressive myocardial ischemia and an additional right bundle branch block have developed. Angiography has shown the presence of a single left coronary artery and bicuspid aortic valves. A 65-year-old woman with aortic stenosis and insufficiency has a single right coronary artery and bicuspid aortic valves. The ECG reveals the presence of a left bundle branch block. A man aged 34 years with a single left coronary artery, bicuspid aortic valves and a ventricular septal defect had a subacute bacterial endocarditis with rapid development of aortic insufficiency. He died from intractable heart failure. Emphasis is laid upon the recognition of single coronary artery as the potential cause of severe heart disease such as subacute bacterial endocarditis, aortic valvular disease and premature myocardial ischemia.


in this paper,a distributed medium access scheme called Enhanced Distributed Coordination Function is presented,which is adopted in an upcoming IEEE 802.11e to allow prioritized medium access for applications with Quality of Service requirements,The enhancement of the MAC layer is pointed out in contest with the MAC layer 802.11 standard


In this paper, we present an extension of goal-oriented error estimation and adaptation to the simulation of multiscale problems of molecular statics. Computable error estimates for the quasicontinuum method are developed with respect to specific quantities of interest, and an adaptive strategy based on these estimates is proposed for error control. The theoretical results are illustrated on a nanoindentation problem in which the quantity of interest is the force acting on the indenter. The promising capability of such error estimates and adaptive procedure for the solution of multiscale problems is demonstrated on numerical examples.


Power amplifying device comprising: signal conversion means (20), which converts the input signal a Cartesian coordinate system into amplitude and phase signals a polar coordinate system, and the phase signal is converted to Cartesian phase signal orthogonal coordinate system, and outputs the said amplitude signal and a phase signal of the rectangular coordinate; modulation means (30), which modulate the quadrature phase signal rectangular coordinates, and outputs the modulated signal through the nonlinear power amplifier (2); and a correction means ( 40), an output for said nonlinear power amplifier (2) gain control signal. Said correcting means (40) having a correction LUT (2) the input signal and the output signal of the rectangular coordinate system generated from the nonlinear power amplifier, and the amplitude signal according to the gain control signal based on the correction LUT output .


The described technique is innovative and anything that reduces the amount of buried foreign material is to be encouraged. However, there is no detail as to the exact level within the dermis where the suture should be placed. One sees early on in wounds that should heal with almost negligible scarring (thyroid surgery, lower transverse abdominal incisions) an excellent scar with subcutaneous sutures. At 6 months onwards, however, these scars become hypertrophic and occasionally keloid. This may be due to the suture material being placed too superficially in the dermis to make sure the epidermis is well opposed. The skin closure tension should be managed with deeper dermal sutures. The epidermis may come together without any further suturing but re-enforced with tape.

There are some patients who are sensitive to the various absorbable sutures used for skin closure. The tissue reaction settles when the sutures are removed without antibiotics.

The newer suture materials (e.g. Vicryl™ rapide [Polyglactin 910]; Ethicon, Simpson Parkway, Kirkton Campus, Livingston EH54 0AB, UK) have become popular for skin stitching, particularly as it is common practice not to remove them. However, these sutures often remain longer in place than the perceived seven days. This often results in stitch marks, which should be avoided. If, however, these materials are used as skin stitches, then, particularly in children, the knots can be cut. The parents/patient can then be encouraged to rub out the remaining stitch ends over the next few days. The best time to do this is at bath time. Supportive tape can be applied if there is concern about the strength of the healing wound.


Incident detection and rapid emergency response is perhaps one of the more appreciated services of ITS by users. Through incident management, more rapid response and clearance of an accident reduces resulting congestion and delays. It can, in cases of severe accidents, save lives. However, universal deployment of automatic incident detection sensors is very costly and benefits/cost ratios become marginal, even with the unquestionable benefit. This paper presents alternatives to deploying automatic incident detection sensors. It discusses the performance and cost differences compared with the conventional deployment of incident detection sensors along corridors. Further discussed is detection time after an incident occurrence versus cost and the impact of detection time delay on survival of the injured. An example of the deployment of an alternated approach in a major urban area is provided. Further presented is a project case overview related to a U.S.-93 ITS project sponsored by the Arizona Department of Transportation. This project involves an affordable approach to incident detection and reporting in a rural ITS area. Further discussed is the relationship of Mayday to automatic incident detection sensor deployment. The paper concludes with a recommended, affordable approach to incident management with benefits/cost stressed. For the covering abstract see ITRD E109380.


Almost all commercial activities in the world revolve around products and services, which involves physical items and human efforts respectively. Quality in both cases is very valuable to the customers and is thus responsible for survival of an organization. The new era of communication and globalization has affected the meanings of quality in a broader sense that also includes the influence of the environment and vice versa. Thus "quality" and "environment", which seem to be two distinct issues, are in fact superimposed on each other; one cannot be achieved without the other. Competing on Quality and Environment , by Christian N. Madu, has integrated these two important issues that are shaping the future of business in the new millennium, and focused on what organizations need to do in order to create value to customers.


The book contains very detailed research on these three cases, and the argument that China is under the cultural imperialist influence of global capitalism and needs to explore alternative imaginary resources in envisioning her future development is generally sound and well-grounded. However, I hope to point out a few instances where the author might be drawing an overly simplistic picture. First, the IPR regime as the hegemonic ideological power of global capitalism may be given too much credit in this book. Besides the case of the Silk Street, which directly involves the disciplining power of international brands, other cases do not exactly constitute an embracement of or resistance to the IPR regime by the Chinese state or ordinary people. The issue of shanzhai phones or popular movies imitating Hollywood genres is talked about in the Chinese context more or less in terms of creativity and originality, rather than in sharp legal terms of copyright or IPR. Although the IPR institution is established based on the modernist idea of creativity, individuality and originality, which is indeed a cultural imperialist force in contemporary Chinese understanding of cultural production, it does not mean that the Chinese state necessarily buys into the system sincerely and completely. The Chinese state is actually quite pragmatic in dealing with the international pressure from the IPR regime, using slogans of protecting copyright on one hand, and tolerating quite a bit of underground economic activities, on the other. And on this note, how much of these shanzhai or mimicry practices in the cultural realm necessarily represent resistance to global capitalism is also dubious and unsettled, and needs further discussion, analysis and debate. Could they also be alternative, not to capitalism per se, but to the Western style of capitalism, and constitute a capitalism with Chinese characteristics? A final point is about the dichotomy between the Chinese state that succumbs to the ideology of global capitalism and the national popular that carries on the memories and practices of socialist history. That is indeed an attractive way of mapping the ideological struggle and cultural contestation of today's China, except that it is too simplistic. The state as a monolithic entity with unifying ideology, subjectivity and coordinated actions just does not exist in contemporary China. The intensifying divisions in Chinese society appear not only between classes, geographical locations, or between the state and society, but also within the state and the ideological spheres within the parameters of state influence. In the book, for example, the author uses CCTV or China Daily reports as evidence of the state position on certain issues, but it is very easy to find different media outlets, all seemingly state-sanctioned, fighting each other fiercely in the public arena. In studying the cultural and ideological trends in contemporary China, the state versus society dichotomy is perhaps more limiting than enabling for us to have a nuanced, historicized and reflexive understanding of the issue.


The main objective of this paper is to brieey show the improved version of RSDM and how it works when applying it to several socioeconomic indicators from diierent countries. RSDM (Rough Set Data Miner), is a system that is being developed by our research group at the Department of Languages and Systems at Politechnical University of Madrid to mine rela-tional data bases. The system runs on SUN-Solaris against data that can be managed by ORACLE or any other RDBMS. Diierent algorithms have been implemented making use of several data mining techniques: To reduce the number of attributes being taken into account. To calculate discriminant and characteristic rules. To extract dependencies among attributes. The performance as well as the validity of these algorithms will be shown using data from World Re-port'96 (published by the World Bank).


Tunneling spectroscopy, which was crucial in proving the existence of the BardeenCooper-Schrieffer (BCS) mechanism in conventional superconductors, has been limited in its usefulness for studying high transition temperature (T,) superconductors. This is a consequence of the difficulty of obtaining an ideal tunneling junction for these materials, which exhibit extremely short coherence lengths and nonhomogeneous electronic structures (1). Recent improve1 ments in cryogenic scanning tun= neling microscopy (STM), howX ever, including operation under >. controlled atmosphere and prepaw ration of a fresh surface in situ at cryogenic temperatures (2, 3), may change this. This work seems


A 56-year-old woman with primary open-angle glaucoma in an only eye presented with hypertrichosis after using Latanoprost to lower IOP. After trabeculectomy with adjunctive Mitomycin C, IOP was well controlled and antiglaucoma medications could be discontinued. At eight-month follow-up the abnormal eyelashes had disappeared.


This paper was prepared for the Council of Deans and Directors program in conjunction with the AALS 1978 Conference. It deals with the importance of planning for the future of libraries and library education. The Delphi technique was used in gathering information and two rounds of questionnaires were sent to a sample of members of the Association of American Library Schools, with the dean and one tenured faculty member of these schools being asked to participate. From a questionnaire listing 85 events respondents selected 20 events which might occur and which might influence libraries and library education. In the second questionnaire, the participants indicated the "probability" of occurrence of each of the 20 events and also the "desirability" of each. A summary of these responses is included as well as a brief concluding statement. WHAT IS the "future of the future" for libraries and the information science profession? What conditions and trends will affect the services of libraries and the programs of library schools? As social and technological change accelerates, it becomes increasingly important to look ahead and to develop effective plans and alternate plans in anticipation of future changes. It is important that the library profession plan to manage the future, not be managed or overwhelmed by it. A course of action endorsed by the program committee of the Council of Deans and Directors of the AALS was set up to try to get opinions and reactions from persons in AALS member schools about possible future trends which might affect libraries and library education. The ultimate objective was to plan now to make changes, as needed or desired, in


Crack damage results in reduction of structural local stiffness, which is closely related to the change of structural natural frequencies. Strain energy is more sensitive to local damage than natural frequencies. Strain energy change is used as damage index and a nondestructive crack detection method is proposed. The damage index is influenced by several factors. The detection results are verified through parameter hypothesis testing. Modal experiments of a simply supported beam with crack damage were performed, the predamage and postdamage data are extracted, and used to identify crack damage location and dimensions. It is shown that the results obtained using the damage detection method are accurate, and the method is applicable to crack damage detection.


Differential synthetic aperture radar interferometry (DInSAR) is a remote sensing technique to monitor ground deformation using repeat-pass data and suitable processing methods. Different platforms have been used to acquire DInSAR data such as space-borne, air-borne, car-mounted, and ground-based SAR systems. Space-borne SAR systems are relatively mature, but air-borne and other systems have attracted increasing interest of the remote sensing community due to their operational flexibility and observation capabilities. In this paper, a new InSAR platform is proposed for the deformation monitoring of reservoir slopes. The shipborne InSAR system uses frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) technology with one-transmit-dual-receive configuration. First, we describe the data acquisition process at the Lancang River Bank in October 2019. Subsequently, we present the imaging and interferometric capabilities of the new shipborne InSAR system. Moreover, we analyze the acquired radar data and present an assessment of the quality of the single look complex (SLC) SAR imagery and interferometric products. We focus on the influence of platform stability and baseline bias. Finally, we compare the calculated deformation with the measured deformation obtained from corner reflectors deployed in the monitored area. A line-of-sight error within 2cm is obtained. This paper proposes a novel solution for deformation monitoring of reservoir slopes and a new approach for InSAR applications.


The natural and socio-economic characteristics of the territory play a decisive role in the spread of the pandemic of COVID-19. It provoked a restructuring process in practically all fields of the social life. Its main areas were laid before the pandemic, but the changes were sharply accelerated by the pandemic. In analyzing a number of Russian and foreign publications, the authors discuss the main areas and methods of human-geographical study of the development and consequences of the pandemic. The constantly growing flow of publications in this field can be divided into three major parts: studies of the spatial spread of infection on the different stages; analysis of demographic, (geo) political and economic implications of the pandemic, and attempts to forecast the impact of social and technological changes accelerated by it on territorial structures. The authors note in particular that the geopolitical picture of the world with the division of countries into developed and developing, rich and poor, authoritarian and democratic, Eastern and Western, became much less clear. The most obvious geopolitical consequence of the pandemic is the further fragmentation of the political and socio-economic space. Not only state, but often also administrative boundaries have turned into almost insurmountable barriers for people and trade. The COVID crisis has opened new opportunities for a reasonable combination of the concentration of social life in the «archipelago» of large cities and the development of other territories.


Context Glucocorticoid excess exhibits multiple detrimental effects by its catabolic properties. Metformin was recently suggested to protect from adverse metabolic side-effects of glucocorticoid treatment. Whether metformin is beneficial in patients with endogenous glucocorticoid excess has not been clarified. Objective To evaluate the phenotype in patients with endogenous Cushing's syndrome (CS) treated with metformin at the time of diagnosis. Patients and Methods As part of the German Cushing's Registry we selected from our prospective cohort of 96 patients all 10 patients who had been on pre-existing metformin treatment at time of diagnosis (CS-MET). These 10 patients were matched for age, sex and BMI with 16 patients without metformin treatment (CS-NOMET). All patients had florid CS at time of diagnosis. We analyzed body composition, metabolic parameters, bone mineral density and bone remodeling markers, muscle function and quality of life. Results As expected, diabetes was more prevalent in the CS-MET group, and HbA1c was higher. In terms of comorbidities and the degree of hypercortisolism, the two groups were comparable. We did not observe differences in terms of muscle function or body composition. In contrast, bone mineral density in metformin-treated patients was superior to the CS-NOMET group at time of diagnosis (median T-Score -0.8 versus -1.4, p = 0.030). CS-MET patients showed decreased β-CTX levels at baseline (p = 0.041), suggesting reduced bone resorption under metformin treatment during glucocorticoid excess. Conclusion This retrospective cohort study supports potential protective effects of metformin in patients with endogenous glucocorticoid excess, in particular on bone metabolism.


In reply to Wierzbicka's advocacy of semantic primitives we argue that talk of the semantic primitives (like to see) repeats the fallacies addressed in the target article at a higher level. In reply to Malcolm's plea for a Wittgensteinian grammar of colour words, we argue that he uses words like "we" and "us" too easily, falling into the trap of "silly relativism." In reply to McManus's science of word counts, we reiterate the nineteenth-century criticism that this method is based on an illegitimate application of seemingly rigorous statistical methods.


Today everyone is free to take a dip together at a public swimming pool, but around the turn of the century, mixed bathing was deemed immoral and men and women had to take their turns in segregated sessions.


Engineering ethics is regarded as an important component of an engineering education by the engineering accreditation agency, ABET. ABET criterion 3-f states that "Engineering programs must demonstrate that their graduates have an understanding of professional and ethical responsibility." It is not always easy to demonstrate that this topic is covered in our curriculum. Engineering ethics can be covered in a separate course, but many programs have limitations on the number of credit hours they can require and do not have room to accommodate a separate course. It may be difficult to squeeze ethics topics into a traditional technical course. To deal with this need, the author has created several short case studies that can be covered in one class period. These cases are based on actual incidents the author observed or participated in during his earlier career as a steel mill metallurgical engineer. They deal with a number of topics that are very relevant to most of our graduates. Among the topics that will be presented are: ! intellectual property issues ! conflict of interest ! substance abuse (from both the perspective of the abuser and his supervisor) ! searching for a new job in an ethical manner ! dealing with customer specification problems The author has successfully used these short case studies in a number of situations. They have been presented to senior laboratory classes, senior design classes, and student engineering conferences. They have also been used as an outreach to the local engineering community. This is relevant for some states require continuing professional development in engineering ethics as well as technical areas.


Two intermediates,4-(2-ferrocenyl-ethynyl) benzaldehyde(2a) and 4-(2-ferrocenyl-ethynyl) aniline(2b),were synthesized by Sonogashira coupling reaction of ethynylferrocene with 4-bromobenzaldehyde or 4-iodoaniline,respectively.Two novel bisferrocenyl schiffbase complexes(3a and 3b) were synthesized by aldimine condensation reaction of 2a with p-phenylenediamine or 2b with 1,4-phthalaldehyde,respectively.The structures were characterized by1H NMR and elemental analysis.The electrochemical properties were investigated by voltammogram.The results showed that Epa,Epc,E1 /2and ipc/ipaof 3a(3b) were 0.279 V(0.311 V),0.195 V(0.196 V),0.238 V(0.260 V)and 0.96(1.06),respectively.The electrochemical properties of 3 were significantly effected by the different central bridge unit.


it is more than approximately correct. First is the congenital specific infectious disease. This is not, strictly speaking, hereditary, but is the result of direct infection, and need not be considered further here. Secondly, there is a class of diseases, most of which, fortunately, are rare, in which some particular tissue appears to be defective. Among these are arteriosclerosis, haemophilia, and certain diseases of the nervous system. With regard to these, generally, it cannot be said that we yet know how a particular tissue becomes subject to degenerative or other abnormal processes, or why it should remain so in successive generations of a family. We can only believe with Professor Osier " that in the make-up of the machine bad material was used," and accept the fact that the badness of the material, originally acquired as the result of unknown causes, is transmitted from one generation


The effects of Zn-deficiency in nutrient solution on the growth and development of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum miller) and green pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.Var. grossum Bailey), and P, K, Ca and Zn concentrations in the organs of the two given plants were studied. The results showed that there was a close relationship between Zn-deficiency symptom on leaves and P and Ca concentrations in the leaves. The symptom was independent of Zn concentrations. Zn-deficiency disease resulted from over-accumulation of phosphorus and a great decrease of calcium in the leaves, being imbalance of ions induced by reduction of K concentrations. This indicates that Zn- deficiency in nutrient solution do not directly lead to the decreases in Zn concentration in leaves.


The aim of the study is to help students of Grade X to look beyond marks while choosing the appropriate stream and subjects. The sample of 431 grade X students were selected from an Urban and Rural Trust run school as part of the CSR project of a Pharmaceutical Company. Students were administered the interest, aptitude and personality tests (HTP) and the findings of the Holistic Talent Profile was discussed with parents in the group session that was followed by one-to-one feedback to parents and the student. To make this project impactful, 72 teachers underwent intensive training to enhance their teaching techniques, class room management and soft skills; so that they could guide and support the students to maximize their performance. The findings indicate positive qualitative and quantitative improvement in students' performance, teachers approach and parental attitude. Teachers and parents became more empathic and supportive towards students. Students responded positively to the change and it was evident in their rigour and focus.


Over the short period of the last three years, fixed income investments in institutional portfolios have increased approximately $500 billion. As a result of this enormous growth, bond traders, portfolio managers, and investors often make decisions without considering the basic principles that fueled this growth. Douglas has brought together the most important and influential contributions by such legends as Henry Kaufman, Martin Leibowitz, and Sidney Homer--the first collection of classics for the bond market.


AIM: To investigate the prevalence of morning blood pressure surge(MBPS) and the components of metabolic syndrome(MetS).METHODS: A total of 322 patients with essential hypertension(EH) were enrolled and divided into two groups: EH and MetS group(EH+MS,n=126) and EH and non-MetS group(EH+nMS,n=196) and ambulatory blood pressure were recorded.RESULTS: Twenty four-hour SBP,dSBP,nSBPP,24 h PP,dPP,nPP and MBPS were significantly higher in EH+MS group than in EH+nMS group(P0.05 or P0.01).The incidence of morning blood pressure in EH+MS group was higher than that in EH+NMS group(P0.01).Pearson relation analysis and multiple regression analysis showed that morning blood pressure levels were positively correlated with age,fasting plasma glucose(FPG),total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),systolic blood pressure(SBP),PP,body mass index(BMI) and waist circumference(WC).After adjusting other risk factors,TC,age,FPG,SBP and WC remained as predisposing risk factors for MBPS levels.CONCLUSION: MetS correlates closely with morning blood pressure surge.TC,age,FPG,SBP and WC are independently associated with the prevalence of morning blood pressure surge.


This play, by one of India's foremost playwrights and actors, is based on a story from the Mahabharata which illuminates universal themes - alienation, loneliness, love, family, hatred - through the daily lives and concerns of a whole community of individuals.


The following is the text of a reply to a request for a brief statement on inflation from the editors of the Mexican journal Problemas del Desarrollo: Revista Latinoamericana de Economia . —The Editors This article can also be found at the Monthly Review website , where most recent articles are published in full. Click here to purchase a PDF version of this article at the Monthly Review website.


ABSTRACT Substantial variations in policy implementation at the subnational level have long plagued Indonesia – a vast developing country that has witnessed regional variations in policy performance since administrative decentralization took place. Using a comparative case study method, this study examined institutional factors that affected the implementation of capitation payment systems among primary healthcare providers in three districts in Indonesia. Though possessing jurisdictional similarities in terms of their sociocultural characteristics and political party dominance, differences in the degree of bureaucratic autonomy and policy capacity among local health actors at the district level engendered implementation variations in terms of the policy performance and implementation styles of local health actors. Both diagnostic and analytical insights derived from the findings of this study could pave the way towards better stakeholder engagement when contemplating local level capacity-building initiatives, making them better suited to local policy contexts in the future.


Models are often defined through conditional rather than joint distributions, but it can be difficult to check whether the conditional distributions are compatible, i.e. whether there exists a joint probability distribution which generates them. When they are compatible, a Gibbs sampler can be used to sample from this joint distribution. When they are not, the Gibbs sampling algorithm may still be applied, resulting in a "pseudo-Gibbs sampler". We show its stationary probability distribution to be the optimal compromise between the conditional distributions, in the sense that it minimizes a mean squared misfit between them and its own conditional distributions. This allows us to perform Objective Bayesian analysis of correlation parameters in Kriging models by using univariate conditional Jeffreys-rule posterior distributions instead of the widely used multivariate Jeffreys-rule posterior. This strategy makes the full-Bayesian procedure tractable. Numerical examples show it has near-optimal frequentist performance in terms of prediction interval coverage.


During the 1960s, anthropologists initiated a critical assessment of their profession's relationship with colonialism. This volume is a part of that critique, but the nuanced analyses, rich descriptions, and insightfulness found in the eight essays making up Colonial Situations distinguish it from earlier evaluations. Examinations of ethnography and imperialism in Africa, North America, South America, and Asia show that anthropologists have seldom had the privilege of studying cultures prior to the onset of the colonial process, and that those who did were easily integrated within the colonial hierarchy as soon as it was established. Indeed, a prominent "professional" anthropologist commented on the benefits of this relationship as early as 1913. George Stocking points out that the British anthropologist W. Rivers recognized that ethnographic field studies were the most profitable in the 10to 30-year period after the institution of colonial rule because colonization ensured "the 'friendly reception and peaceful surroundings' that were 'essential to such work,'" but this period was '"not long enough to have allowed any serious impairment of the native culture,' or to have witnessed the passing of a generation who had participated in any 'rites and practices' that might have 'disappeared or suffered change'" (p. 10). These essays demonstrate how theoretical and methodological orientations reflect their origins in the colonial context, and they show how the colonial dynamic was intertwined with the development and institutionalization of professional anthropology. The relationship between anthropology and colonialism was (is) less insidious than cynical critics and self-depreciating anthropologists portray it, though. Talal Asad in an overview of the essays in Colonial Situations ("Afterword: From the History of Colonial Anthropology to the Anthropology of Western Hegemony") points out that while anthropological inquiry has always been dependent on colonialism, the subjugation of non-Western peoples proceeded irrespective of the data that anthropologists provided to colonial administrators. He states: "The role of anthropologists in maintaining structures of imperial domination has, despite slogans to the contrary, usually been trivial; the knowledge they produced was often too esoteric for government use, and even where it was usable it was marginal in comparison to the vast body of information routinely accumulated by merchants, missionaries, and administrators"(p. 315). Asad sees the relationship between anthropology and colonialism as very complex, however. He recognizes


With the rapid development of rail transportation, higher requirements are put forward on the environment, landscape, noise and other issues. Trough girders have gradually began to be widely used for its several advantages, such as lower building height, higher cross-section space utilization, better appearance, lower cost and noise reduction effect. In the present, compression and bending theory on reinforced concrete (RC) trough girder has been ideal. But torsional problems of RC though girder, due to the lateral sway force of train, are still difficult to solve entirely. In this paper, limited torque of RC trough girder was analyzed by using finite element analysis software ABAQUS. Also, concrete damaged plasticity model was adopted during analysis and the results obtained from the finite element analysis were verified against experimental results of other research. The result reveals that finite element analysis can be superior to simulate the torsion failure of RC trough girder.


Our Application Security Monitor (ASM) is a run-time monitor that dynamically collects execution-related data. ASM is part of a security framework that will allow us to explore different security policies aimed at identifying malicious behavior such as Trojan horses and backdoors.In this paper, we show what type of data ASM can collect and illustrate how this data can be used to enforce a security policy. Using ASM we are able to explore different tradeoffs between security and performance.


The phase diagrams of random mixtures of two antiferromagnets with competing spin anisotropies, Fe1−xCoxCl2 and K2Mn1−xFexF4, are analyzed using a mean-field approximation. In the model assumed, the anisotropy energies of an Fe2+ ion are expressed by the one-ion anisotropy, and those of the other kind of ion by the anisotropic exchange interactions. The position and shape of the OAF (oblique antiferromagnetic) phase experimentally determined are explained fairly well by this model.

Die Phasendiagramme von statistischen Mischungen zweier Antiferromagnete mit konkurierenden Spinanisotropien, Fe1−xCoxCl2 and K2M1−xFexF4 werden mit der Mittelfeldnaherung analysiert. Im angenommenen Modell werden die Anisotropieenergien eines Fe2+-Ions durch die Ein-Ionen-Anisotropie und die der anderen Ionenart durch anisotrope Austauschwechselwirkungen ausge-druckt. Die Lage und Form der experimentell bestimmten OAF (schrage antiferromagnetische) Phase werden mit diesem Modell befriedigend erklart.


In this work, the γ -ray photon flux, photon spectral index ( α ph ), variability index (log V . I . ), and the synchrotron peak frequency (log ν p ) are compiled for 851 common blazars from the 3FGL and 4FGL catalogues and Fan et al. (2016) to investigate variability properties for Fermi blazars. Our calculations and analyses reach following results: . ) for the whole sample, but anti-correlations are found in the two correlations for FSRQs. For BL Lac subclass, there is a marginal anti-correlation between the photon spectral index and both γ -ray luminosity, and a positive correlation between the photon spectral index and the variability index (log V . I . ). We think those two positive correlations found for the whole sample are apparent. 4. We adopted the SVM machine learning method to separate BL Lacs and FSRQs in the α ph v . s . log L γ and α ph v . s . log V . I . plots and proposed that a BCU is an FSRQ candidate if it satisfies log V . I . > − 10 . 119 α + 24 . 855, or α ph > − 0 . 048 log L γ + 4 . 498, otherwise, it is a BL Lac candidate. Our classification results are quite consistent with those by Kang et al. (2019).


Nickel sensitivity is one of the most common causes of allergic contact dermatitis. It is seen mostly as a result of nickel-containing jewelry. While


In Britain the incidence of lung cancer among south Asians (Indian, Pakistani, and Bangladeshi) is much lower than in the rest of the population.1 In the UK south Asian population, however, it is the commonest cancer for men and the second commonest for women.2 Little has been reported on lung cancer trends among south Asians in Britain. We explored trends in lung cancer incidence from 1990 to 1999 in Leicester (22% of residents classified as south Asian in 1991 census).

We identified cases of lung cancer diagnosed in Leicester residents between 1 January 1990 and 31 December 1999 from the Trent Cancer Registry. Ethnicity data were not available for all patients, so we used software assessing forename and surname to classify patients as south Asian or non-south Asian,3 with visual inspection of the data to increase accuracy. We assessed deprivation using the Townsend index. The local research ethics committee approved the study.

Population …


Flood events are the agents of change on alluvial fans. However, most alluvial fan experiments have used constant flows to model fans and the channels upon them. Here, we present results from a series of alluvial fan experiments with different patterns of flow variation (i.e., different hydrograph shapes). We conducted experiments with (a) constant flow, (b) alternating high and low flows, (c) a moderate flood peak that decayed slowly, alternating with a constant low flow, and (d) a high flood peak that decayed rapidly, alternating with a constant low flow. We found that different hydrographs generated fans with different slopes, even though all experiments had the same mean flow and sediment supply. In addition, higher peak flows led to increased lateral migration rates and increased erosion and deposition. These results challenge the notion that a single representative flow can be used to approximate the geomorphic effects of a range of flows in a natural stream. Moreover, our findings indicate that hydrograph shape can govern the geomorphic impact of a flood event. This means that altered basin hydrology (for instance, through land cover change) likely exerts an important impact on geomorphic change and natural hazards on alluvial fans.


The invention relates to a method for sending a symbol in a communication system, which comprises the steps of: dividing N symbols to be sent once into two groups, processing on each symbol in the first group to obtain a first group of overlapping signals, carrying out second processing on each symbol in the second group to obtain a second group of overlapping signals; and sequentially transmitting each of the first group of overlapping signals on the time by a first antenna, sequentially transmitting each of the second group of overlapping signals on the time by a second antenna, wherein the first processing and the second processing respectively comprise decoding complexity in a receiver. The coding scheme not only has higher coding transmission rate, but also reduces the coding complexity in a receiver.


We propose a probability-integral-transformation-based estimator of multivariate densities. Given a sample of random vectors, we first transform the data into their corresponding marginal distributions. We then estimate the density of the transformed data via the exponential series estimator. The density of the original data is constructed as the product of the density of the transformed data and marginal densities of the original data. This construction coincides with the copula decomposition of multivariate densities. We decompose the Kullback-Leibler Information Criterion (KLIC) between the true and estimated densities into the KLIC of the marginal densities and that between the true copula density and a variant of the estimated copula density. This result is of independent interest in itself, and facilitates our asymptotic analysis. We derive the large sample properties of the proposed estimator, and further propose a hierarchical model specification method guided by stepwise preliminary subset selections. Monte Carlo simulations demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed method. We employ the proposed method to explore the joint distribution of four major stock markets and some conditional distributions of interest. The estimated copula density function, a by-product of our estimation, provides useful insight into the conditional dependence structure between the US and UK markets, and suggests a certain resilience against financial contagions originated from the Asian market.


Abstract Exploring the textual emotional value of the Reader is to help readers understand the Reader's embedded emotions in an all-around way. In this paper, two text analysis methods, latent semantic analysis and probabilistic latent semantic analysis are described, starting from the analysis model of text research, and the automatic text classification technique is illustrated. The principles of support vector machines are explained, the optimal decision function selection solution is performed using kernel functions, and a PLSA-SVM text analysis model is also constructed using the PLSA method jointly with SVM. The structural features of Reader magazine were analyzed and explained, and the PLSA-SVM text analysis model was used to analyze the data on the narrative features of Reader magazine. In terms of narrative themes, the main narrative themes of Reader magazine were distributed as affection and love, which increased by 16.84% and 17.42% from 2012 to 2021, respectively. In terms of narrative perspectives, the proportion of first-person and third-person narrative perspectives is comparable, increasing by 9.03% and 12.3% from 2012 to 2021, respectively. Thus, in the context of big data, the PLSA-SVM text analysis model can be used to analyze the text narrative features of Reader magazine effectively, and Reader magazine can use the analysis to optimize further the text content and issue texts that are attuned to readers' emotions.


For the error of two calculated electrode potential formula and φθ=[∑νBΔfGθm(B)]/(nF) and Eθ3=n1Eθ1+n2Eθ2n3 with thermodynamics method in teaching material,the two formulas were derived in detail by examples.Explained formula φθ=[∑νBΔfGθm(B)]/(nF) calculated the standard electrode potential only for half-reaction of loss electronic,and added formula φθ=ΔrGθm(half-reaction of get electron)nF=∑νBΔfGθm(B)](nF) calculated the standard electrode potential for the half-reaction of get electron.When denotes the electromotive force and φ express electrode potential,the formula was φθ3=n1φθ1+n2φθ2n3 that was calculated electrode potential of the other electrode by the electrical potential of some electrodes of the same elements.


Sarcopenia has been receiving attention in the cancer field. We investigated whether evolving sarcopenia is associated with the outcome of non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs).


Cadmium selenide (CdSe) was encapsulated in polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) or polystyrene (PSt) by the encapsulating polymerization process. The behavior of CdSe in the encapsulating polymerization, and the photoconductivities and the photosensitive mechanism of the resulted composite materials were investigated. The polymerization was carried out by use of the initiators giving positive and negative charges to the molecular ends of the produced polymer. In both cases of the initiator, it was observed that a large part of the polymer existed in the form of stable latex polymer in the aqueous phase. The encapsulating polymer on the CdSe particles resisted to the Soxhlet extraction. The dark current, the photocurrent and the relative sensitivity of the CdSe encapsulated in PMMA were found to be enhanced as compared with CdSe and CdSe-dispersed PMMA. These values tended to increase with the increase of the encapsulating ratio. In addition, the voltage-current characteristics, temperature dependence of dark current, the light intensity dependence and the initial rising rate of photocurrent were investigated, it was concluded that the photoconductive mechanism of the CdSe encapsulated in PMMA was caused by the carrier trap.


Photo-induced precession of magnetization in (Ga,Mn) As microbars has been studied experimentally. It has been found that effective magnetic fields decrease to great extent in the microbars. The damping appears not to be affected severely, at least within the limit of microbars of micrometer size. Our findings indicate that magnetization dynamics can be controlled to some extent by patterning strained epilayers into microstructures.


The purpose of this study is to investigate the kinetics of precorneal tear film stabilization process after eye blink and the process of creating the break-up of the tear film layer. The tear film of patients were examined in vivo by used the lateral shearing interferometer. The information about the distribution and stability of the tear film over the cornea is carried by the wave front reflected from the surface of tears and coded in interference fringes. Smooth and regular fringes indicate the smooth surface of tears over the cornea. Immediately after eye blink the interference fringes are observed on background of bright and dark areas. The contrast of this structure fades with time slowly and after 1-3 sec the background of interference fringes becomes uniform. The vertical orientation and instability of this structure suggests connection with eyelid movement and the spread of tears. If the eye is kept open for a long time, bright lines appear in the background of fringes after a dozen seconds. The slowly appearing structure might signify the tear film break-up. In case of eyes after a LASIK surgery the shape of the background structure has different nature and might be stable in time suggesting the stability of the corneal surface irregularities.


feedrate clock pulses is modified in accordance with programmed information; additional information de fines the tool path which can either be straight line or circular arc segments and characteristically the feed rate clock pulse generation means increases pulse fre quency at the beginning of a segment in such manner as to increase motor speed in accordance with system inertial limitations from a speed below to a speed above the slewing rate of the stepping motors. There after upon sensing a predetermined distance from the end of the segment, pulse frequency is reduced to re duce the stepping motor speed below the slewing rate. The feedrate clock pulse chain is used by the interpo lation logic to trigger two consecutive calculations, the time lapse between the clock pulse and the second calculation being so short compared to the time lapse between consecutive clock pulses, that the action initi ated by the results of the calculations can be consid ered for all intents and purposes to be coincident with the clock pulse. The first calculation always generates a major axis interpolation pulse, during the second calculation an error accumulation register is tested to determine whether a minor axis interpolation pulse should be generated to minimize the error from the programmed path. Thus the major axis interpolation pulse chain corresponds directly to the frequency of the feedrate clock chain, the minor axis interpolation pulse chain may be irregular with respect to the chain of feedrate clock pulses. A predetermined member of interpolation pulses are then used to generate each of the major and minor axis step pulses so that any irreg ularity in minor axis pulse frequency is eliminated and resolution is improved.


It is the odd fate of cinematic representation to be at once infinitely more fragile than its theatrical counterpart and infinitely more robust. Film occurs in a kind of virtual space. Lacking a dimension it lacks a basic presence in the world we live in. Nothing in a film can touch or be touched. It is pure apparition, insubstantial but unchangeable, like the ghost of Hamlet's father. "Touching this vision here, / It is an honest ghost, that let me tell you" (I. v. 143-144), says Hamlet, but all he is saying is that the ghost resists reference (touching), since it will transpire that "honest" only means that it really is a ghost. Film is pure apparition, but this also implies that nothing from this world can affect what happens in the space of film: "it is as the air, invulnerable" (I. 1. 150). That space can be destroyed, but it cannot be entered.


HE recently revived interest in the study of experimental hypertension has been largely directed toward underFT E standing the etiology of hypertension as seen in man, especially essential hypertension, and toward producing ,asaRaSES?.se this disease experimentally for further study. Although neither of these intentions has been crowned with direct success, our understanding of the circulation, both normal and hypertensive, has been greatly increased by these studies, and particularly those initiated by Goldblatt's' work on clamping the renal artery. So it seems worthwhile to consider experimental hypertension as a field of study in itself and to review some of the observations in an attempt to evaluate changing concepts in the field.


The purpose of the article. The urgency of the research is based on the need to ensure the objectivity and transparency of contractual relations in all parts of the logistic chain, on the one hand, and the possibility of using the synergistic effect of the participants' experience grounded in interconnected business-possesses, which can be achieved by introducing the principles of multi-agent technologies into the logistics management, on the other hand. The purpose is to work out an algorithm for creating and developing a multi-communication logistics system for a business structure. Materials and methods. A systematic approach, economic methods for processing special data, a method for analyzing dataset are used. Results. The paper presents a methodology for the development of a virtual enterprise in supply and marketing spheres of an industrial company, based on the author's methodology of financial micro-logistics. The core of the proposed algorithm for developing a multi-communication logistics system is focused on two aspects. The first is a combination of financial transparency and objectivity with the help of the proposed information support for logistics management of supply and sales. The second is a use of voluntary symbiosis of all logistics resources (material, financial, human, organizational capital). Conclusions. The authors believe that the obtained algorithm of the logistics portal for an enterprise will both advance and speed up business relations and make them more transparent.