In the current research, arabinoxylans (AX) and arabinogalactans (AG) were extracted from different wheat varieties and utilized in bread at different levels (0.5 and 1%). Texture analysis (hardness, fracturability, gumminess, cohesiveness) of dough and bread was performed using texture analyzer. Results showed that the AX content in whole wheat flours ranged from 2.93 to 4.68% while AG ranged from 0.47 to 0.93%. Hardness of bread decreased significantly because of the increase in the levels of AX and AG while it improved during storage study. Moreover, bread fracturability improved as the AX and AG levels increased. Highest gumminess was assigned to Shafaq-06 with increasing trend from control to 0.5% AX level. After the addition of AG, highest bread gumminess (155.74±6.1, 156.32±7.9) was observed in Shafaq-06. Both fracturability and gumminess have been increased with the addition of these nonstarch polysaccharides but decreased with the storage intervals.


Raya and The Last Dragon is the latest computer-animated film from Walt Disney Pictures and Walt Disney Animation Studio. This animated film, directed by Don Hall and Carlos Lopez, tells the story of the adventures of a woman named Raya in saving the world. This journal article aims to analyze and describe the moral messages contained in the film Raya and The Last Dragon. This research uses qualitative methods, with Roland Barthes semiotics analysis approach, so that ultimately obtained the results of research on what moral messages contained in every dialogue spoken by each character such as moral messages about friendship, cooperation, responsibility, leadership, courage, unity, and most often appears in this film is the power of trust in each other to create unity without division.


Here it is resumed the work presented in Ferreira, Filipe and Coelho (2014) where, using the results on the M|G|∞ queue busy period, it is presented an application of this queue system in the unemployment periods' parameters and distribution function study. Now it is completed with an evaluation of the assistance costs. Here it is resumed the work presented in QUOTE QUOTE Ferreira, Filipe and Coelho (2014) where, u sing the results on the M|G|∞ queue busy period, it is presented an application of this queue system in the unemployment periods' parameters and distribution function study. Now it is completed with an evaluation of the assistance costs.


One of the major reasons why inventors are awarded patents by governments is they encourage R&D investments and commercialization of inventions. If the patent holder commercializes his invention, he has stronger incentives to retain the patent. The purpose here is to empirically analyze the relationship between commercialization and the renewal of patents. At the same time, I take into account defensive patent strategies (e.g. deterring competitors from utilizing the patent) and pointedly ask if there are any third factors (quality of the patent) that affect the commercialization and renewal decisions. Using a detailed database of Swedish patents, I utilize a survival model to estimate how commercialization influences the patent renewal decision. Basic results show commercialization and defensive strategies increase the probability a patent will be renewed, but also that quality influences commercialization and renewal decisions. When controlling for endogenous commercialization decision, there is still a strong positive relationship between commercialization and renewal of patents. Thus, given the quality of the patent, if the owner decides to commercialize the patent on the margin, this leads to longer survival of the patent. With regard to commercialization modes, there is some evidence licensed patents and patents commercialized in original and new firms – but not acquired patents – survive longer than noncommercialized patents. Looking more closely at the contracts of acquired and licensed patents, contracts with both variable and fixed fees – but not contracts with either variable or fixed fees – survive longer than non-commercialized patents. However, the analysis about modes and contract terms does not take into account the endogeneity problem. ----------------------------------* Research Institute of Industrial Economics (IFN), P.O. Box 55665, SE-10215 Stockholm, Sweden; Email: firstname.lastname@example.com ; Tel: + 46 – 8 – 665 45 49; Fax: + 46 – 8 – 665 45 99. The author would like to thank Marie Thursby, William Greene, Per Botolf Maurseth, Erik Mellander, Frédéric Delmar and Erik Lindqvist as well as the seminar participants at the EEA annual conference in Budapest, the EPIP conference in Maastricht, the Uddevalla Symposium and the Vaxholm Entrepreneurship workshop for constructive comments, and Jakob Eliasson for excellent research assistance. Financial support from the Torsten and Ragnar Söderberg's Foundation and the Gustaf Douglas Research Program on Entrepreneurship is gratefully acknowledged.


The healthcare monitoring on a remote care taking base involves many implicit observations between the subjects and the care takers. Any deficit in domain knowledge and carelessness leads to unpleasant situations thereafter. A wearable attire system can precisely interpret the implicit communication of the state of the subject and pass it to the care takers or to an automated aid device. Casual and conventional movements of subjects during play and living condition can be used for the above purpose. The proposed system suggests a novel way of identifying safe and unsafe conditions of playing for the children where a rapid warning assistance is required. The same system is used in the case of the normal and contraction time identification of pregnant women. Naive Bayes classifier was applied on features created by different algorithms and on the combinations of features constructed by algorithms like Fractal Dimension, Fast Fourier Transformation, Singular Value Decomposition. The result shows in general that the combinational features with point system results in better classification. Especially the FFT and SVD were more supportive in all three sets of experiments and better classified by Navie Bayes classifier than the other combinations and individual features. But the complexity is high when going through the point system. When a priori based point system is introduced with a reduced complexity to replace the conventional point system, the enhanced results show a well-distinguished realization of different body movement activities using a wearable attire array and the interpretation consistently results in significant and identifiable thresholds.


The HYCSOS chemical heat pump and energy conversion system based on metal hydrides are described. The HYCSOS thermal energy storage and recovery modes; the chemical heat pump heating and cooling modes as well as the energy conversion mode are discussed in detail with the aid of heat transfer fluid and hydrogen flow diagrams. The thermodynamic efficiencies of the two metal hydride system are calculated for the heat pump and conversion modes. Design and construction features of a demonstration test facility which utilizes four stainless steel tanks holding 10 lbs. each of either LaNi5 or CaNi5 are given. The operation, instrumentation and control of the system is detailed with the aid of photographs, drawings and a system layout diagram. Initial operation of the system has shown that 33 moles of hydrogen can be transferred from CaNi5 at approximately 100 degrees C to LaNi5 at approximately 40 degrees C and recovered from LaNi5 at approximately 8 degrees C to reform CaNi5H4 at 40 degrees C with cycle times approaching 2 minutes for 50 percent hydrogen transfer. The relevant data pertaining to these experiments are given in graphs and tables. The next phase of operations will be done on the fully insulated system to establish a firmer data base, obtain power balances and determine optimum operating parameters. In order to achieve these goals in a reasonable time frame, a data display and handling system is required. A materials development program is being carried out concurrently with HYCSOS operations. Significant progress is being made in the development of new, more cost effective alloy systems displaying superior properties for heat pump action.


This article presents an extreme crowdsourcing case to tackle grand challenges such as Covid‐19. Researchers became more interested in crowds' involvement to deal with grand challenges and scholars reported the use of crowdsourcing in producing innovative solutions to solve these challenges. Driven by recent calls for more research to examine forms of socially motivated interaction options in order to support crowds in dealing with these ill‐defined problems, this research conducts a qualitative study of how an extreme crowdsourcing program – Open Covid‐19 launched by Just One Giant Lab to develop and test low‐cost solutions to tackle the pandemic – was organized. By examining conditions for coordination and knowledge exchange in the Open Covid‐19 case, we present an open structure where the challenges of predictability and common understanding have to be managed continuously and the participants themselves gradually build accountability; multidisciplinary knowledge integration is achieved by exchanging efforts and skills, and extreme transparency contributes positively in building a collective project memory. These findings are theoretically important because they clarify how extreme crowdsourcing can be organized to deal with grand challenges.


BECAUSE of the greater economic importance of chickens, their nutritive requirements have been studied more extensively than have those of turkeys, guineas, pigeons, ducks, and geese. As a result of these studies, much dependable information about the quantitative nutritive requirements of chickens for growth, egg production, and hatchability has been obtained. (Figure 1 shows the interior of a modern laboratory in which chemical analyses are made for the control of poultry-nutrition experiments.) During the last 6 or 7 years, nutrition experiments conducted with turkeys have greatly increased in number and have added materially to our knowledge of the nutritive requirements of this species. Relatively little is known about the quantitative nutritive requirements of guineas, pigeons, ducks, and geese. Qualitatively the nutritive requirements of chickens are in many ways the same as those of other animals, but quantitatively they are appreciably different. In other words, most animals require proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals for normal growth and reproduction, but they do not require the same relative quantities of these nutrients. Another difference is that the feed of chickens consists mostly of concentrates, whereas that of cattle, horses, sheep, and goats includes a rather large portion of roughages. In this respect chickens are more like swine than they are like any of the other domestic animals. Ordinarily chickens are kept primarily for the production of meat and eggs, and for this reason they are seldom rationed; that is to say,


Taiwan Issue is the most important and the most sensitive problem during more than fifty years,The paper looks back the American variant policies to Taiwan at different times,exposes American goal to interfere with Taiwan and explains the reasons why Sino-America relation is tense and explains Chinese attitude to resolve Taiwan Issue and the future of Sino-America.


In view of the problems that the monitoring process of ground test for integrated navigation system is not ocular,this paper proposeed a rapid inplementation method of monitoring software for integrated navigation based on MFC(Microsoft Foundation Classes).This paper specifically analyzed the rapid way of realizing various kinds of virtual aviation dashboard,and introduced how to producing three-dimension graphics with OpenGL.With the key techniques above,the integrated navigation monitoring software was realized visually.


In this paper, we consider formation control of Euler-Lagrange systems with motion in six degrees of freedom (6-DOF). In particular, we consider the case where p independent vehicles are expected to satisfy a given, possibly time-varying, formation pattern and where the formation as a whole is expected to track a smooth reference trajectory. To this end, we propose decentralized control laws for each vehicle and show that the formation error dynamics is globally exponentially stable under closed-loop control. The interconnections between the vehicles in the formation are represented using an undirected graph and the independent control laws are designed to provide feedback from any adjacent vehicle


This study uses a unique panel dataset on micro data with 786 households over 3 years (2014, 2016 and 2018) at the community level in Tanzania, assessing the contribution of different income sources on the changes in income inequality and poverty. The results show that in contrast to other income sources, non‐farm self‐employment is the only source with a constant poverty‐decreasing effect. The inconsistency of the different income sources over time can also be observed for the effects on income inequality. Future research is needed to grasp the effect on inequality in more detail assessing its determinants and causal relationships.


To all District and County (Autonomous County, City) People's Governments, the relevant departments of the Municipal Government, and all health and medical institutions: In the crucial battle against atypical pneumonia (SARS), medical personnel have become a high-risk SARS-incidence group. Strengthening preventive work among medical personnel has become the focus in the current effort to fight SARS. Doing a good job of protecting medical personnel supports the main forces for winning this crucial battle and is the key to enhancing the confidence of the general public in the fight against SARS. All localities, departments, and medical institutions must attach a high degree of impor-


Retinal vein Occlusion (RVO) is the second most common Retinal Venous disorder [1, 2, 3] and mostly affects the patients in 4 th and 5 th decade. The most important risk factors for RVO are systemic vascular disorders like Hypertension,Arteriosclerosis, Hyperlipidemia and Diabetes [4, 5] . Aim: To study the association of RVO with systemic disorders (hypertension, dyslipidemias including hyperlipidemias and diabetes) in a tertiary care hospital in rural setting. Results: The study was conducted on 234 patients of RVO who visited retina clinic.Mean age of the patients was 46 + 5.6years. Age(mean age= 49 + 3.7years and sex (M:F=4:5) matched 250 controls were taken. RVO was most commonly associated with hypertensioni.e. 70.51 %( n=165) which was about 20% more than in control group (50.40%, p =0.05).Diabetes was present in 14.95 %(n= 35) of RVO cases which was about 10% more than in the control group (n=12; p value=0.01). Dyslipidemias were present in 28.20% (n=66) cases with RVO which was 12.5% more than in the control group (n=39, p value=0.01). Conclusions In the present study,hypertension, diabetes and hyperlipidemia were present in 70.51%, 14.95% and 28.20% cases of RVOrespectively.RVO can thus be prevented by primary prevention and control of these risk factors with early diagnosis and treatment.


It has been estimated that more than 50% of patients suffer from phantom limb pain after amputation. Present study was conducted to identify efficacy of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing on the phantom limb pain of patients with amputation. Materials and Methods: present study is semi-experimental in nature. 20 patients with amputation suffered from phantom limb pain and were under pharmacological therapy for long time selected by available sampling (2012-2013). EMDR method applied for each patient individually at consultation room of BU-ALI SINA hospital during six sessions per one hour for nine weeks. In each session, Numeric Rating Scale completed by the patients before and after intervension. In order to collect data, demographic and Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) questionnaire were used. Data gathered during six therapeutic sessions were analyzed by using SPSS 16 software as well as the descriptive statistics and the statistical tests including paired t-test, Chi square. Results: Mean phantom limb pain in 20 patients was 7.95 ± 1.63 before intervention and it was 2.25 ± 1.25 after intervention, which using with paired T test showed an statistically significant difference (p<0.001). Conclusion: The eye movement desensitization and reprocessing is effective, useful and non-invasive method for treatment and reducing phantom limb pain in patients with amputation. [Mohammad Behnam moghadam, Tahmineh Salehian. The effect of eye movement desensitization andreprocessing on phantom limb pain in patients with amputation. Life Sci J 2014;11(9s):519-522] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 102


This note discusses the growth of the refractories industry of India from a small beginning over 100 years ago to its present status, highlighting the major developments over the last two decades. It considers the growth of the consuming industries and the progress made in recent years in improving performance of the industry, and takes a look at directions for future development.


Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) is a medical emergency that poses the risk of death to the patient. For prevention, a robust system is intensively on ongoing research to predict whether a person may predict sudden cardiac arrest in the future, long before the incident. The current system development method is learning from the patient's ECG recordings. A combination method between the Wavelet Packet Transform and the Convolutional Neural Network classification model was proposed to obtain hidden patterns from the patient's ECG recordings. The SCA dataset was obtained from the MIT-BIH SCA Holter DB with 2 ECG machines and the Normal Dataset from the MIT-BIH Normal Sinus Rhyme. With cross-validation evaluation with k-fold=10, by comparing one segment 1 minute from 30 minutes before onset, Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) performed with an accuracy of 95.89%, precision of 96.75%, recall 95.83%, and F1-Score 95.75%, with two-level Meyer Wavelet Packet Transformation.


The value of whole body positron emission tomography using 18F-fluoro-deoxy-glucose (18FDG) in primary work-up and follow-up was evaluated retrospectively in 104 patients with primary or metastatic breast cancer. Compared to other imaging methods, FDG-PET sensitivity was superior to sonography, CT or MRT. Another advantage is the possibility of whole body imaging and the earlier detection of lymph node metastasis due to the recognition of functional metabolic changes compared to structural changes found with conventional imaging methods.


The article summarizes and analyzes the cause and character of post crime, points out the principles which should be followed during investigating the post crime, and also the measures which prevent the post crime.


Chapter 1 Introduction Chapter 2 The Cases of Tajikistan and Uzbekistan in Light of Theories and Explanations of Violent Conflict Chapter 3 Political Power Networks Chapter 4 Transitional Context, Events and Processes Chapter 5 Network Establishment, Network Activation and Violence Specialists Chapter 6 Conclusion


ABSTRACT Natural circulation is widely used in nuclear reactor systems as the passive safety system. With the development of the floating nuclear power plant (FNPP), researchers should pay more attention to flow and heat transfer characteristics for the natural circulation under ocean conditions for the safety of FNPP. In this paper, the flow characteristics in a single-phase natural circulation system were investigated and the effects of heaving, rolling and coupled motions were analyzed. The oscillation amplitude of flow rate increases with the increase of period in a certain range and maximum acceleration under heaving motions. With the increase of oscillation intensity (higher frequency and larger maximum rolling angle), the oscillation amplitude increases and the average flow rate decreases under rolling motions. Moreover, the lateral displacement of rolling center changes the oscillation period and induces larger amplitude oscillations. The flow characteristic becomes more complex when the system is subjected to coupled motions. The oscillation period is the least common multiple of two motions' periods. The oscillation induced by coupled motions makes the system more unstable than that induced by an individual motion. The potential superposition effect exists under coupled motions and needs to be addressed for the operation safety.


In order to alleviate the limitation of "state output probability conditional independence" assumption held by Hidden Markov models (HMMs) in speech recognition, a discriminative semi-parametric trajectory model was proposed in recent years, in which both means and variances in the acoustic models are modeled as time-varying variables. The time- varying information is modeled as a weighted contribution from all the "centroids", which can be viewed as the representation of the acoustic space. In previous literatures, such centroids are often obtained by clustering the Gaussians in the baseline acoustic models to some reasonable number or by training a baseline model with fewer Gaussian components. The centroids obtained in this way are maximum likelihood estimation of the acoustic space, which are relatively weak in discriminability compared to the discriminatively trained acoustic models. In this paper, we proposed an improved semi-parametric mean trajectory model training framework, in which the centroids are first discriminatively trained by minimum phone error criterion to provide a more discriminative representation of the acoustic space. This method was evaluated on the Mandarin digit string recognition task. The experimental result shows that our proposed method improves the recognition performance by a relative string error rate reduction of 7.5% compared to the traditional discriminative semi-parametric trajectory model, and it outperforms the baseline acoustic model trained with maximum likelihood criterion by a relative string error rate reduction of 28.6%.


Some sharp discrete inequalities in normed linear spaces are obtained.
New reverses of the generalised triangle inequality are also given.


In the present study, the researcher estimates the association between the different socioeconomic variables and the apple production from 2007 to 2014 at the household level in Kulgam, one of the districts of Jammu and Kashmir. This region has witnessed high-level diversification from food crops, especially paddy to high-value cash crops like apple. The share of paddy production of the district in particular and in the State as a whole has revealed a decreasing trend. Paddy land is getting changed into the horticultural land, as the farmers find it to be more remunerative as compared to the cultivation of paddy. Recently, the farmers are showing not as much of interest in paddy cultivation as the paddy production has declined, because of the least profitability in the cultivation of paddy, when compared to the cultivation of non-food crops like apple. The returns from paddy cultivation are not increasing in proportion to the cost involved in the farming, and horticulture is a possible alternative for exploration in the State as paddy production shows a declining trend over the years, thereby decreasing the level of employment opportunities in the region. Farmers, particularly the poor who own very small holdings, are bound to shift from agriculture to rainfed horticultural farming. The area has good climatic zones for growing temperate, sub-tropical and tropical fruits throughout the year. These fruits not only form the supplement diet of the local people but also form an important item of export to other parts of India.


Clustering of search results is an important feature in many of today's information retrieval applications. The notion of hit list clustering appears in Web search engines and enterprise search engines as a mechanism that allows users to further explore the coverage of a query. However, there has been little work on exposing temporal attributes for constructing and presentation of clusters. These attributes appear in documents as part of the textual content, e.g., as a date and time token or as a temporal reference in a sentence. In this paper, we outline a model and describe a prototype that shows the main ideas.


The aim of the present study was to investigate the changes of muscle activity with and without the elastic compression stocking (ECS) with two different compression pressures during walking. Thirty healthy male subjects (age range of 21-22 years) participated in this study. Subjects performed walking on the treadmill for 45 minutes (at speed 3.5 mph, inclination 10%, including warm up at speed 2 mph for 3 min) and wore either the ECS with compression pressure approximately 4 mmHg (P4; n=17) or 10 mmHg (P10; n=13) at the calf during exercise. Each group performed two trials, 7 days apart, with and without elastic compression stocking in a randomized manner. Before and immediately after the walking, isokinetic peak torque and the root mean square (RMS) from surface electromyography (EMG) signal of right tibialis anterior (TA) and right medial gastrocnemius (MG) muscles were recorded during isokinetic dorsi-plantar flexion for five times of maximal repetitive contractions. The results showed that the percentage peak torque of MG muscle was significantly lower when wearing the ECS compared to not wearing the ECS at pre-exercise, whereas those with and without the ECS at post-exercise were not different. Additionally, the peak torque following walking with ECS could be maintained at the baseline because of the enhancement of the muscle pump and reduction of muscle fatigue. However, using ECS in the present may compromise peak torque at pre-exercise especially in the MG muscle because the stiffness of the ECS might restrict joint movement and decrease muscle length. (Journal of Sports Science and Technology 2016; 16(2) : 67-77) KEY WORDS: Elastic compression stocking, Peak torque, Isokinetic, Median frequency, Electromyography


In this paper,we describe a proposal for solving the tracking problem in powersupplies for separated function magnet systems of fast cycling synchrotrons.Formulasfor calculating the tolerances of the parameters which influence tracking accuracy are given.


The focus of this research program is the study of gas phase metal clusters to evaluate their potential as models for the fundamental interactions present in catalysis. To do this, the authors characterize the chemical bonding present between the component atoms in metal clusters as well as the bonding exhibited by {open_quotes}physisorption{close_quotes} on metal atom or metal cluster surfaces. Electronic spectra, vibrational frequencies and bond dissociation energies are measured for both neutral and ionized clusters with a variety of laser/mass spectrometry techniques. The authors are particularly interested in bimetallic cluster systems, and how their properties compare to those of corresponding pure metal clusters.


"Catchphrases such as shifts and changes in work, removal of the boundaries of work, as well as globalisation, internationalisation and increasing information technology are supposed to be characteristic of the emerging dynamics of the labour markets that will speed up even more in the future. Here phases with changes between employment, further training and unemployment as well as changes of occupation, moves to different branches of industry etc. are just as characteristic of the current occupational biography and even more so of the future occupational biography as are do-it-yourself work and unpaid voluntary work. These developments which are generally described as 'natural' are rarely examined from the personal point of view, with the result that currently neither the requirements to be met nor the necessary qualifications are sufficiently transparent. It is assumed as something of a matter of course that the future so-called 'managers of their own labour' will always be flexible and mobile and will in some cases have seemingly absurdly excessive qualifications and competences including marketable personal characteristics. He or she is also expected to take personal responsibility for acquiring these qualities and to keep them available. It is probably not possible to assume that such changes have no consequences for the people affected. It is generally assumed that there would be better prospects in the changed 'world of living and working'. It should not be overlooked, however, that such developments can always also be associated with considerable risks and dangers arising from uncertainty, insecurity, excessive demands, loss of control, experience of threat, fear, stress etc. Estimating and taking into consideration in particular the risk factors could help to tackle problems regarding the 'change in work' with a closer look at the consequences and also orientated more towards intervention." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))


In this practice-oriented article, each author has found an example in their national contemporary literary legacy to be explored through educational drama approaches. One is a short story (and a one-act play version of the story) by Lao She, China; the other is a short story by Tor Åge Bringsværd, Norway. Both stories are about experiences on train journeys and the article presents ideas for how to use them in drama pedagogical settings. Each author contextualizes their drama approach in terms of current public curriculum policies relevant to aesthetic education and drama education in each country, and theory from the field literature.


In order to ensure the integrity and confidentiality of power data in the era of big data, it is very important to protect the privacy of smart grid data information. Analyzing electricity big data can obtain electricity consumption habits of electricity users to guide the formulation of power supply plans. This experiment uses an asymmetric encryption algorithm. The encryption and decryption of the asymmetric encryption algorithm use two different keys to fully guarantee the security of the blockchain system. The experiment is based on the blockchain technology in photovoltaic microgrid electricity trading, which belongs to the current type of trading, which is divided into five stages. The service provider is a node of the blockchain system. All smart contracts are encrypted by the private key of both parties in the transaction and the public key of the service provider, which fully guarantees the privacy of users. The experimental data shows that the smart contract is decrypted by the private key and the public key of both parties, so as to obtain the relevant information of the transaction and make the corresponding power dispatch work during the transaction period.The blockchain system solves the security and privacy issues of both parties in the absence of a third-party intermediary. Therefore, the use of blockchain technology can achieve a higher degree of automation for point-to-point power transactions.


Objective:To determine the therapeutic effect of SYR-SLN on DHBV in vivo and compare it with lamivudine in the treatment of DHBV so as to explore the possible mechanisms of this Chinese herb.Methods: Thirty model Zhejiang brown spot ducklings with congenitally infection of DHBV detected by PCR were divided into five groups randomly,which were black control group,high dose group,medium dose group and low dose group of solid lipid nanoparticles loaded with syringopicroside,as well as lamivudine group.They were treated with different doses of SYR-SLN and lamivudine respectively.At the day before the treatment,the 5th,10th,15th days in the treatment and 5th day after the suspend of it,the contents of serum DHBV-DNA were determined respectively by the means of quantitative real-time PCR.Serum levels of ALT,AST and liver biopsy were also done before and after the treatment with HE staining to detect the transformation of inflammation.Results: The levels of serum DHBV-DNA dropped markedly in high dose group and medium dose group of solid lipid nanoparticles loaded with syringopicroside(P0.05,compared with black control group),the levels of ALT,AST were also dropped markedly,and had to reduce inflammation in the liver.Effects related to the dosage;however there was no significance in low group.Conclusions: SYR-SLN does have therapeutic effect on DHBV hepatitis.It can not only restrain the duplication of DHBV in vivo but also eliminate inflammation in liver.


Argiope bruennichii (SCOPOLI) is an univoltine spider and nymphs overwinter at the 2nd instar in egg sacs. The 2nd instar nymphs just emerged from an egg sac on 14 June, 1993, were reared under seminatural conditions. They developed to adults after 6 molts in the male and 7-8 in the female by late August. In the field, adult females produced successively 3-4 fertile egg sacs at the intervals of 7-15 days during the period from September to the middle of October. The mean egg numbers per sac and their S.D. were calculated to be 1067.6±461.0 in the 1st egg sac, 1187.7±219.9 in the 2nd, 832.3±462.8 in the 3rd, and 605.7±149.4 in the 4th. The mean fertile egg number produced per female in life was also calculated to be 3693.9±1063.3.


Sales can be defined as ways of shaping each transaction that implements products, services and ideas, and transferring ownership rights from buyer's sales representatives. A sale is limited to doing business itself and delivering products, services, and ideas to buyers' sales representatives. Sales perform economic, social and psychological functions. On the one hand, they are aimed at monetizing the organization that performs the respective business, and on the other hand, they realize the buyers' incomes to acquire the necessary products for production and consumer purposes. At both times, sales are at the heart of the economic turnaround in economic life and the path to successful economic growth and social development. The purpose of the report is to present the main aspects of personal sales, the benefits of e-business and the role of e-commerce in contemporary business. New needs are generated through online sales and can actively influence consumer behavior.


The purpose of Workshop Session 14 was to discuss the present status and future of multifunction automated road monitoring equipment and automated distress identification equipment. Presentations on multifunction automated road monitoring equipment addressed various views from a regulatory, supplier, and client (user) perspective. Panel discussions focused on the efforts to implement standards for selecting and specifying multifunction automated road monitoring equipment and road survey procedures and the advantages and disadvantages of purchasing, leasing, and contracting multifunction equipment. Presentations on automated distress identification equipment addressed the status of the state of the art in automated pavement condition survey equipment, methods used to evaluate the reliability of this equipment, and present and future needs.


Coherent plume structures in the convective boundary layer over non‐flat terrain are investigated using large‐eddy simulation. A conditional sampling method based on the concentration of a decaying passive tracer is implemented in order to identify the boundary‐layer plumes objectively. Conditional sampling allows to quantify the contribution of plume structures to the vertical transport of heat and moisture. A first set of simulations analyses the flow over an idealized valley, where the terrain elevation only varies along one horizontal coordinate axis. In this case, vertical transport by coherent structures is the dominant contribution to the turbulent components of both heat and moisture flux. It is comparable in magnitude to the advective transport by the mean slope‐wind circulation, although it is more important for heat than for moisture transport. A second set of simulations considers flow over terrain with a complex texture, drawn from an actual digital elevation model. In this case, conditional sampling is carried out by using a simple domain‐decomposition approach. We demonstrate that thermal updrafts are generally more frequent on hill tops than over the surroundings, but they are less persistent on the windward sides when large‐scale winds are present in the free atmosphere. Large‐scale, upper‐level winds tend to reduce the vertical moisture transport by the slope winds.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


Praise be to Allah, Peace and blessings be upon the Seal of the Prophets, his family and companions.Islam stated agreement as a basis of contracts. It prohibited the ways of temptation that prevents one of the two parties not to completethe contract as well as it might push him to renew it. Whether by getting one's fiance or selling something which is already sold, or renting arented place. All of these actions lead to creating problems, so they are prohibited. the greatest harm is terminating a perfect contract asspoiling a marriage or a slave against his master. the prophet (p.b.u.h.) said: "None of us spoils a woman against her husband or slave againsthis master."A lot of people are ignorant about Islamic rulings and do temptate one of the parties after a accomplishing the contract for their ownbenefit. Some might tempt ate the employees not to renew their contracts in order that they might take them for work. So a lot of people areworried about such temptations and its status in the Islamic ruling. In this research I try to answer questions such as how is temptationdefined?, what is the motives? ways? I also stated the ruling of temptation and when is it prohibited and when is it accepted whether it isduring the contract our after, or at its renewal time. I also showed the way the Muslim scholars are asked to return to the Islamic land. Ishowed the ruling toward the response toward such temptations and showed the harms that might happen. Finally I stated the ruling towardsomeone who terminated a contract without a right.I ask Allah to accept from me and forgive me and guide me to the straight path.


High endo-selectivity for the inverse-electron demand Diels—Alder reaction of 2,6-dichlor-4-trifluoromethylphenylsulfonyl substituted 2-pyridone with benzyl vinyl ether is achieved by formation of a zinc complex of the pyridone with catalytic amounts of ZnBr2.


Aim:To study the effect of Weikang granule on the mitochondrial regeneration in Sub-health fatigue rats skeletal muscle cell.Methods: First Sub-health fatigue model rats were built up.Histological examination of mitochondria in skeletal muscle cell was made and the level of MDA and SOD was tested in all samples.The expression of PGC-1αand AMPK mRNA in mitochondria was detected by RT-PCR.Results: Obviously swollen denaturation,the decrease number of mitochondria and cristae,characteristic vacuolation change and expansion of endoplasmic reticulum and nuclear membrane were seen in the model rats.The MDA level was higher and the SOD level was lower significantly in the model rats(P0.05).The expression of PGC-1α and AMPK mRNA was decreased significantly in the model rats(P0.05).Weikang granule could revert the injury of mitochondria and the abnormal level of MDA,SOD,PGC-1α and AMPK mRNA to near-normal.Conclusion:The mechanisms of anti-sub-health fatigue of Weikang granule might lie in the promotion of mitochondrial regeneration.


Network deception has been playing an important role in network security.It deceives and controls hackers' activities by creating deceptive objects in information system.This paper presents a new Defensive Network Deception System model(DNDS)based on deception in depth policy.The DNDS model provides five layers of deception and control through network service simulation,forged vulnerabilities,a controlled operating environment,file system mirror and information deception.According to the DNDS model,a prototype system NDS that has the function of deception,control,monitor,and audit was implemented.


In an ever-evolving health care environment, understanding the economic impact of physician burnout is essential. As the co-CEO of one of the largest consortiums of medical groups in the world (1), I believe that Han and colleagues' (2) estimation of the costs of physician burnout in the United States is a fresh and much-needed exploration of the economic effects of this condition. This work is a valuable early step in an overdue and important conversation we need to have in the health care community. My contribution to that discussion is 3-fold: to affirm that physician burnout negatively affects health care affordability, to emphasize the very real nonfinancial costs associated with physician burnout, and to offer my organization's observations regarding the value of an integrated health care model and its effect on physician wellness. Physician burnout has the potential to dramatically increase the cost of care to both patients and the health care delivery system. Expenses related to physician staffing are a substantial driver of health care costs, and physician burnout contributes to those costs via many of the ways examined by Han and colleagues. An unwell and unhappy workforce may result in high turnover and replacement, low-quality care, a high risk for medical errors and malpractice claims, and suboptimal patient outcomes. According to a Mayo Clinic study, 43.9% of physicians reported having 1 or more symptoms of burnout in 2017 (3). More alarming is that beyond the anxiety, depression, insomnia, emotional and physical exhaustion, and loss of cognitive focus associated with physician burnout, an estimated 300 to 400 U.S. physicians take their own lives every year (4). That number is higher than the suicide rate for the general public by 40% for men and an astonishing 130% for women (5). In fact, the incidence of suicide among physicians is greater than among combat veterans (6). Although the fiscal impact of physician burnout is important, we cannot underestimate the urgency, severity, and tragedy of the human cost. Having lost colleagues to suicide, beginning with medical school classmates more than 30 years ago, and having looked into the eyes of heartbroken family members, I know that the human cost is inestimable. Physicians find practicing medicine harder than ever because it is harder than ever. Nearly everything a physician does in 2019 is monitored, rated, assessed, and reported. The electronic health record has many benefits but it can also be a burden, adding substantially to the time physicians spend in front of a computer screen while robbing them of what brings them joy: spending time with their patients (7). Within the Southern California Permanente Medical Group (SCPMG), I have observed that physician-led optimization of the electronic health record is key to providing greater opportunity for physicians to regain time in their day and connect with their patients, thereby enhancing the joy of practice. The fully integrated health care delivery model of SCPMG allows us to take an intentional, holistic view of the physician work environment. Our approach to tackling physician burnout is multipronged. We strive to establish a culture of health and wellness, address needed changes to the practice environment, deliver emotional and peer support to physicians, and provide education on wellness and self-care strategies. In 2013, SCPMG appointed a physician chief wellness officer who actively pursues and implements strategies to enhance our physicians' well-being. At SCPMG, we prioritize physician mental health and support physicians through difficult and stressful situations. When a Permanente physician seeks or is referred for support, he or she confidentially engages in our Second Victim program, which provides one-on-one assistance options with a trained peer or behavioral counselor. We have created opportunities for better back-office support and a flexible work environment to enable a work schedule that is more conducive to the success of our physicians and their patients' outcomes. Physician turnover rates at SCPMG are in the low single digits and have remained stable or have decreased in the past 5 years. Broadly speaking, our physicians tend to be more professionally satisfied and less stressed compared with national statistics (8). In 2016, SCPMG physician ratings of key workplace culture and health measures in our medical group improved by 11 to 23 points on a 100-point scale compared with 3 years earlier. We attribute this improvement to our model of care and the efforts we have undertaken. However, any level of burnout is unacceptable, and much more needs to be done. We are committed to ongoing progress in the health and well-being of today's physicians. For example, we are beginning to look at whether gender or specialty is related to one's seeking a reduced schedule or earlier retirement, to further guide specialty- or physician-specific interventions. We are also planning for the physicians of tomorrow through the opening in 2020 of the Kaiser Permanente School of Medicine. Central to the school's mission is establishing a learning and practice environment and curriculum that support and model well-being and resilience in concert with an exceptional medical school education. Southern California Permanente Medical Group supports proactive implementation of longitudinal studies that can add to the data Han and colleagues used to develop their models. Working together, the health care community must create common, shared tools and agreed-upon definitions to quantify, expand our understanding of, and rapidly address the many facets of physician burnout. We must assess the association of physician well-being with quality, patient satisfaction, medication errors, and other patient safety outcomes linked to physician well-being as we further study the economic and human impact of physician burnout. In addition, we must seek to understand what targeted and timely intervention works best and for whom. Of importance, we must be generous in sharing what we learn to create change in the practice environment that better supports physicians to combat the unacceptable and tragic epidemic of burnout and suicide. We must care for the caregivers if they are to care for others. The benefits will be immeasurablefor all of us.


To support teleworkers, off-site staff, and to allow clients up-to-date order status information, web-sites providing access to organisational databases are becoming increasingly important. However, the development of secure web-sites is a complicated and expensive task, where an error can expose data to unauthorised personnel. There are problems of cost, time, the need for web-developer expertise, and the dangers of security weaknesses. Due to costs and risks organisations can only develop web-based interfaces for a few "core" databases, and are likely to only update systems occasionally. Therefore many small organisational databases, used by individuals or small teams (e.g. question/answer database created for an ongoing project) are unlikely to benefit from web-based interfaces. Simple systems to automatically generate web-site interfaces based solely on the database structure and contents have been developed. The promise of such systems is that if a database changes, the web site can be regenerated, and since automatic there is no cost to create web-based interfaces to any database, including small databases. Index Terms — Automatic Interface Generation, Databases, Organizational databases, Web Interfaces


In the past twenty years or so, three approaches to brand portfolio management strategies have emerged. The first approach is marketing. This approach is associated with building a corporate brand portfolio. The goal is to increase diversified cash flows by entering new market segments. The second approach is related to the competitive strategy of the enterprise. A false portfolio of intellectual property applications is being created. Competitors are expected to spend resources in retaliation. The third approach is the formation of a dynamic strategy for investment portfolio management. Due to the complex structure of the modern global financial market, the heterogeneous structure of available financial instruments and traders using different approaches and time horizons, forecasts, as a rule, require a large number of observations, work poorly in the vicinity of bifurcations and do not have a computer model that could build forecasts in real time. In such structures, slow diffusion-type processes with the phenomenon of memory arise, that is, non-Markov processes. Moreover, such structures can have fractal properties. In this work, it seems to us, the first step has been taken to build a "synthetic" model of dynamic asset portfolio management. By analyzing the data available in the scientific literature, a mathematical model of strategic brand portfolio management is proposed. In view of the above, the model has the form of a differential equation in fractional derivatives. In connection with the risk analysis, two models of fractional entropy are also considered - fractional Kolmogorov-Sinai entropy and fractional Shannon entropy.


We investigate the existence of polarization domain-wall cavity solitons in an isotropic fiber ring resonator. We show that these topological polarization knots can be addressed individually and used as bit-entities for optical data storage.


The utility model relates to a formaldehyde-free solid compound wood-floor tiles, which is made of substrate board through hot pressing, forming, mending, cutting, tenoning, notching, flow coating and curing. The utility model is characterized in that the substrate board comprises more than two layers of wood veneers and a decorative veneer layer coated on the surface of the wood veneer; the wood veneer and the decorative veneer layer are bound with each other; a plurality of formaldehyde-free plastic cellophane layers are arranged among the wood veneers; the formaldehyde-free plastic cellophane layer or a formaldehyde-free adhesive layer is arranged between the veneers and the decorative veneer; the formaldehyde-free plastic or the recycled plastic is plastic alloy made of thermoplastic and more than two kinds of plastic through melting and mixing; the thermoplastic is made of polyethylene, polypropylene and polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, and the fusion temperature is 100 to 200 DEG C. The utility model has an advantage of avoiding the harm caused by released formaldehyde of ordinary solid compound wood-floor to environment and human body.


Pulmonary nocardiosis is a sporadic disease, with- out age or ethnic prevalence, but the incidence in immunocompromised patients is approximate- ly 0-20%. It can appear as a suppurative acute in- fection, subacute or chronic. Inhalation or skin in- oculations of this pathogen are the most frequent routes of infection. It can be localized in the skin or lymphocutaneous tissue. The primary infection of the pulmonary system is manifested as multiple necrotic abscesses; it can also involve the central nervous system and other organs. After the initial infection the organisms tend to disseminate, es- pecially in severe immunocompromised patients. We present a patient with pulmonary nocardiosis at our radiology department, as well as a review of the literature.


Abstract : The Battle Management Language (BML) initiative started by the US Army Modeling and Simulation Office (AMSO) published a standard in 1999. It organized doctrinal terms into "5W's": "Who, What, When. Where and Why", to facilitate interoperability between command and control systems and simulations. BML is an unambiguous language used to command and control forces conducting operations and support situational awareness and a common operational picture. It is being developed as a standard representation of a digitized commander's intent to be used by warfighters, simulated forces, and robots. A BML prototype was demonstrated in 2003. This prototype was used to analyze the applicability of BML to UK doctrine. A French Army BML was also prototypically implemented within their research program, and there is a US-German initiative, Project SINCE, that added the "How" and "Which" to give a "W6H" construct. XML, the use of web services, and BML representation within the Command and Control Information Exchange Data Model (C2IEDM) has provided a common thread. The paper provides descriptions of these developments and insights into two initiatives that have started as a result of this work; the creation of a Simulation Interoperability Standards Organization (SISO) Study Group and NATO Exploratory Team-016.


According to the case study of An-li tribe, this article explores the abolition of plain aborigine land rights following the lift of favorable protection by Liu Ming-chuan's land tax reform in late Qing Taiwan (1886-1889). Adopting Liu's verdict on the land right dispute, the land cadastral survey (1898-1905) conducted soon after the Japanese colonial rule classified various forms of aborigine land rights as big-rent, a residual land right scheduled to be abolished. Extensive protests, appeals, and law sues for rectification led to an investigation and subsequent accommodation toward the existing aborigine small/rent land right. However, instead of recognizing the aborigine small-rent land right as the legal land ownership as required by the land act, the colonial government pursued reconciliation between aborigine small-rent owners and their Han tenants. Both sides eventually settled for a buying-off of aborigine small-rents at mutually agreed prices according to local customs. The documents and land cadastral data compiled by the Land Investigation Bureau as a consequence of the investigation and negotiation served not only the original purpose of distinguishing between the aborigine big-and small-rents, but also helped to identify the different ways through which aborigine land rights terminated and their respective amounts of land involved. The detailed information makes possible the construction of the most complete scheme by far depicting the distribution of aborigine big-and small-rents as well as the process of their dissolution and termination. In addition, the reconciliation in 1903 reached a buying-off agreement that distinguished various types of aborigine small-rent arrangement and the respective price-setting mechanisms in their sale. Tracing the terms involved in the sale as well as the contents of extant land deals, the author depicts in full the customary small-rent land practices between aborigines and Hans in terms of tenancy, pawn (tai-dian), sale with recourse (huo-mai), and sale without recourse (jue-mai).


ARMSTRONG-PRICE, CAITLIN THERESA. Effect of Starch Addition to Concentrate Supplemented at Low Levels in Forage-Finished Beef Cattle on Growth Performance, Carcass Traits, Fatty Acid Profile and Meat Quality. (Under the direction of Matthew H. Poore). The effect of low level starch supplementation on carcass characteristics in pasturefinished beef cattle is not currently known. An experiment was conducted to compare a fiberbased concentrate with a concentrate containing added starch from ground corn on cattle performance, carcass characteristics, and fatty acid profile. In a two year study (2015, 2016) Angus and Angus x Simmental crossbred yearling cattle (heifers n=23; steers n=40) were separated into four groups balanced by weight and sex before each group was randomly assigned to one of two treatments. Treatment 1 (TRT 1) received a concentrate pellet of 50% soybean hulls and 50% corn gluten feed while Treatment 2 (TRT 2) received a concentrate composed of 50% TRT 1 pellets and 40.5% ground corn and 8.5% soybean meal. Supplements were isonitrogenous and fed at 1% of BW (dry matter basis) which was recalculated based on body weight and adjusted every 28d. Groups were randomly allotted to predominately fescue pastures and rotationally grazed for an average of 180d in Year 1 (March to September 2015) and 245d in Year 2 (March to November 2016). The progressively heaviest 2 or 3 animals/group were selected and cattle were slaughtered on 4 dates between August to October in Year 1 and October to November in Year 2. An average of 1912.0 kg/ha biomass with 14.7 % CP and 66.7% TDN in Year 1 and 4345.6 kg/ha biomass with 11.4 % CP and 64.6 % TDN in Year 2 was available throughout the finishing periods and were statistically different (P < 0.05) between years. Hot carcass weights were recorded at slaughter and back fat, marbling score, and ribeye area were obtained between the 12 and 13 rib after 11d in Year 1 and 8d in Year 2 of dry aging. Two 2.5 cm thick longissimus muscle samples were collected from each carcass at the 13 rib, vacuum sealed, and frozen at -16°C prior to slice shear force and subcutaneous fat color analyses. One longissimus muscle sample was ground, lyophilized, and homogenized prior to performing ether extract of crude fat and fatty acid profile analysis. Data were analyzed using GLM procedures in SAS. Growth performance was significantly different (P < 0.05) by year, regardless of treatment, for time to finish and initial BCS which were greater in Year 2, average daily gain, change in BCS, serum urea nitrogen, and dressing % which were all greater in Year 1. Initial BCS was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in TRT 2 and change in BCS was significantly greater (P < 0.05) in TRT 1 regardless of year. Neither final weight, final BCS, or carcass weight were significantly different (P > 0.05) for treatment, year, or treatment*year. Carcass data collected showed increased (P < 0.05) back fat deposited in TRT 1 cattle and significantly greater a* measurement for back fat color in TRT 2 regardless of year. Other back fat color measurements, L* and b*, and longissimus muscle area were not significantly different (P > 0.10) among treatment, year, or treatment*year. Kidney, pelvic, and heart fat was increased significantly (P = 0.0003) and back fat color measurement a* was significantly less (P < 0.0001) in cattle finished in Year 2. Carcasses had an average yield grade of 2.6, marbling score of 5.5, and USDA quality grade of low choice (17.2) which in addition to meat tenderness and crude fat content were not significantly different (P > 0.10) for treatment, year, or treatment*year. Cattle finished in Year 2 had significantly higher (P < 0.05) stearic acid and margaric acid regardless of treatment where other SFA were not affected by treatment, year, or treatment*year. Most MUFA and PUFA were not significantly different (P > 0.10). Palmitoleic, vaccenic, cis-vaccenic, ALA, EPA, and DHA as well as total omega-3 fatty acid, omega-6: omega-3 ratio, and the total unidentified fatty acids were higher (P < 0.05) for cattle finished in Year 1 regardless of treatment. A significant treatment effect was observed in stearic and vaccenic being higher (P < 0.05) in TRT 2 compared to TRT 1 regardless of year. Significant treatment*year interactions (P < 0.05) were reported for vaccenic acid, ALA, DPA, total omega-3 fatty acid, and total MUFA. The presence of high quality forages for grazing during the finishing period may have a more significant impact on growth, carcass characteristics, and meat quality regardless of the addition of starch to a fiber-based concentrate. Supplementation of a fiber based concentrate without additional starch may be beneficial for creating a healthier fatty acid profile from a human health perspective. © Copyright 2017 Caitlin Theresa Armstrong-Price All Rights Reserved Effect of Starch Addition to Concentrate Supplemented at Low Levels in Forage-Finished Beef Cattle on Growth Performance, Carcass Traits, Fatty Acid Profile and Meat Quality by Caitlin Theresa Armstrong-Price A thesis submitted to the Graduate Faculty of North Carolina State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science


The rationale for this study was based on reports that valosin‐containing protein (VCP) mutations are found in hereditary inclusion body myositis (IBM) and VCP was detected in rimmed vacuoles of sporadic IBM (sIBM) muscle biopsies. Autoantibodies to VCP have not been reported in sIBM or other inflammatory myopathies (IIMs). The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and clinical significance of anti‐VCP antibodies in sIBM and other IIMs.


The fractal dimension is quantitatively to define the irregular characteristic of the shape in natural. It can be useful in describing morphological characteristics of various wear particles. This paper was undertaken to diagnose failure condition for sliding members in lubrication by fractal dimension. The experiments were undertaken to analyze the shape of wear particles and to diagnose failure condition for sliding members in lubrication by the image processing and the fractal parameters. It was possible to diagnose wear mechanism, friction and damage state of machines through analysis of shape characteristics for wear particle on driving condition by fractal parameters.


The improved BP algorithm of multilayer neural network is disscused and a new method,weight balance algorithm is proposed to exert all weights′ effect on the process of neural network training .Simulations indicate that it has a superior convergence rate and precision compared to the standard BP algorithm.The neural network structure which fits for this algorithm is also discussed.


The Tsuji-Trost protocol has been successfully employed for the allylic alkylation of preformed lactone enolates. It has been demonstrated that this Pd-catalyzed reaction can be carried out in an enantio- and diastereoselective manner. The use of additives, such as LiCl, was found to be crucial for reaching high levels of product selectivity. For one particular pair of reactants, density functional theory was used to investigate the mechanism of the nucleophilic addition. Among the five pathways considered, the reaction between an (allyl)Pd(BINAP) complex and a LiCl-lithium enolate adduct is predicted to be the most likely route for C-C bond formation. LiCl plays a key role as the connecting link between the noble metal and the enolate in the kinetically favored transition state. The computed diastereoselectivity ratio is in good agreement with the experimentally observed value.


The expansion of the European Union has coincided with significant changes within the various regulatory systems in the accounting, stock exchange listing and banking sectors. These changes have furthermore led to the development of internationally applicable standards and codes of practice, such as the international accounting standards and international valuation standards. When combined with the continued expansion of international real estate investment and funding, there are further opportunities for the provision of valuation services in the expanding real estate markets of the recently acceded countries. While some of these countries have a rich and varied real estate valuation tradition, the international demand for the use of standardised processes is likely to have greater impact in these emerging economies. Empirical research in three of these countries n the Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland n has examined specific aspects of the regulatory framework that guides real estate valuation. The three countries currently have a multi-dimensional profession, serving distinct client groups. Such diverse client and practitioner bases challenge the application of market-wide standards. This could lead to differences in the adoption and interpretation of the internationally accepted definition of eMarket Valuei (IVSC, 2003). The process of yield determination is a particular issue in these ethini investments markets and therefore the research examines whether or not there are commonly adopted definitions of various yield types. These issues are of critical importance in shaping the development of standardised valuation approaches within these economies given their centrality within valuation methodologies.


Cycling sport is one of the sports that require physical and psychological resilience. It is thought that athletes should show physical and psychological resilience to reach specific target, find solution for unexpected, sudden problems, be patient and be determined in this sport that requires physical and psychological resilience that is done under extreme conditions. It is important to examine goal commitment and psychological resilience of cycling athletes for performance improvement, success motivation and contribution to the studies in this field. Purpose: This study aimed to examine goal commitment and psychological resilience of elite cycling athletes. 94 elite bicycle athletes participating in national and international races between the ages of 18 and 27 participated voluntarily. Resilience Scale for Adults, developed by Friborg et al. (2003), was used to determine psychological resilience of athletes. Goal Commitment Scale, developed by Hollenbeck, Williams and Klein (1989) and adapted to Turkish by Şenel and Yildiz (2016), was used to determine goal commitment. Scale reliability coefficient was found to be 0.913. In conclusion, no significant differences were found between sex and psychological resilience and goal commitment. But, significant differences were found between sports ages and subscales of self-perception, perception of future, and structural type of Resilience Scale for Adults. Significant difference was found between sports ages and goal commitment. As sports age increase, so did goal commitment. There was no significant correlation between goal commitment and psychological resilience. Goal commitment and psychological resilience training is recommended for different sports branches requiring physical and psychological resilience. Article visualizations:


This paper discusses the application of preconditioned generalized conjugate gradient acceleration to fully implicit thermal simulation. The preconditioning step utilizes incomplete Gaussian elimination (IGE) to form an approximate factorization of the Jacobian matrix. IGE preconditioning and its implementation is discussed with respect to five, seven, nine or eleven-point finite difference approximations and optional well constraint equations. Numerical results were obtained using a thermal model allowing any number N/SUB c/ of components. The model's implicit formulation requires the solution of a linear system of equations in which each grid block has N /SUB c/ + 1 unknowns. Test problems involved combustion, steam drive and cyclic steam stimulation processes, some of which exhibited ill-conditioning, negative transmissabilities and high transmissability ratios. Numerical results indicate how different grid block orderings, different levels of incomplete factorization and different acceleration procedures affect convergence, storage and work requirements.


ronmental Impact of On-Farm Storage of Deinking Paper Mill Sludge. Trans. Am. Soc. Agric. Eng., 39, 1853. Tripepi, R.; George, M.; Campbell, A.; and Shafii, B. (1996a) Evaluating Pulp and Paper Sludge as a Substitute for Peat Moss in Container Media. J. Environ. Horticult., 14,2,91. Tripepi, R.; Zhang, X.-G.; and Campbell, A. (l996b) Use of Raw and Composted Paper Sludge as a Soil Additive or Mulch for Cottonwood Plants. Compost Sci. Util., 4, 2, 26. Ulmgren, P. (1996) Non-Process Elements in a Bleached Kraft Pulp Mill with Increased System Closure. Paper presented at 1996Minimum Effl. Mills Symp., Atlanta, Ga., 17. Uraki, Y.; Chen, C.; and Gratzl, J. (1996) Dechlorination of ChloroOrganics from E-I Effluents by Sonolysis. Paper presented at Spring Nat\. Meet. Am. Chern. Soc., Paper CELL 218, New Orleans, La., 349. van Niekerk, A.; Leske, T.; Bohmer, V.; and Harris, T. (1996) Sappi Enstra Paper and Pulp Mill Effluent Treatment. Paper presented at 5th IAWQ Symp. For. Ind. Wastewaters. Vancouver, B.C., Can., 235. Victorio, L.; Gilbride, K.A.; Allen, D.G.; and Liss, S.N. (1996) Phenotypic Fingerprinting of Microbial Communities in Wastewater Treatment Systems. Water Res. (G.B.), 30, 5, 1077. Videla, S., and Diez, C. (1996) Experiences of Wastewater Treatment


We investigate how uncertainties in the chemical and cooling rate coefficients relevant for a metal-free gas influence our ability to determine the critical ultraviolet field strength required to suppress H2 cooling in high-redshift atomic cooling halos. The suppression of H2 cooling is a necessary prerequisite for the gas to undergo direct collapse and form an intermediate mass black hole. These black holes can then act as seeds for the growth of the supermassive black holes (SMBHs) observed at redshifts $z \sim 6$. The viability of this model for SMBH formation depends on the critical ultraviolet field strength, Jcrit: if this is too large, then too few seeds will form to explain the observed number density of SMBHs. We show in this paper that there are five key chemical reactions whose rate coefficients are uncertain enough to significantly affect Jcrit. The most important of these is the collisional ionization of hydrogen by collisions with other hydrogen atoms, as the rate for this process is very poorly constrained at the low energies relevant for direct collapse. The total uncertainty introduced into Jcrit by this and the other four reactions could in the worst case approach a factor of five. We also show that the use of outdated or inappropriate values for the rates of some chemical reactions in previous studies of the direct collapse mechanism may have significantly affected the values of Jcrit determined by these studies.


The compressive creep behavior of rigid unreinforced and particulate reinforced polyurethane foams at different densities, filler contents, temperatures, and loads was investigated. The creep behavior could be described by a power function of time and its temperature dependence by an Arrhenius type relation. The addition of particulate rigid fillers enhances the creep resistance as well as the foam elastic modulus. Particulate reinforcement of polyurethane foams was found to be efficient for the higher foam densities, especially for higher filler levels.


Objective To explore the effect of intra-operative interstitial implantation of 125 I seeds plus palliative resection. Methods In 66 patients with local advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (ⅢA-ⅢB) , 26 patients were implanted125 I seeds in residual tumor tissue that hadn' t been resected and suspicious margins in operation, 26 patients were treated with curative resection, other 14 patients were treated with only palliative resection. The survival rates were compared among these three groups. Results The method of intra-operative interstitial implantation of 125 I seeds was safe and wasn't followed by severe complications. The effect of intra-operative interstitial implantation of125 I seeds plus palliative resection in local advanced non-small-cell lung cancer was apparently superior to that of palliative resection only. Conclusion It is beneficial to raise the therapeutic efficacy of the surgical treatment in local advanced non-small-cell lung cancer with intra-operative interstitial implantation of 152 I seeds.


What should readers expect of a journal, not primarily of ethics nor of bioethics, but of medical ethics? The 'Disclaimer' on this journal's inside front cover states that it is 'intended for medical professionals'. That perhaps narrows the field: but what interests 'medical professionals'? Writing in 1796, the young Samuel Taylor Coleridge, poet, polymath and professional patient, declared that 'Physicians… are shallow animals: having always employed their minds about Body and Gut, they imagine that in the whole system of things there is nothing but Gut and Body'. Very soon he would have to revise this opinion, as a growing number of medical professionals became his friends and collaborators, exploring together the heady mix of scientific discovery and metaphysical speculation that made the intellectual world of the early nineteenth century so exciting, and so available. It was still possible for a physician, possessed of a reasonable general education, to keep abreast not only of the latest developments in the emerging sciences but also of what was new in the arts and humanities.

In the early twenty-first century, by contrast, that may be more difficult. The sciences have greatly multiplied, and often become so specialised that even other scientists may have difficulty in fully comprehending the intricacies and implications of developments in disciplines not their own; and similar difficulties may arise not only between scientists and practitioners of the arts and humanities, but also between scholars working in different branches of the arts and humanities. Gifted communicators, skilled popularisers and interdisciplinary journals of course, can and do go …


[Fe(MoS_4O)_2] [N(C_2H_3)_4]_3 cluster compound with di-end-oxygen ligands has been prepared and characterized by the X-ray diffraction method. The compound crystallizes in a monoclinic space group P2_1/n with lattice parameters a=13.019(4), b=16.959(5), c=18.234(5), β=97.34(2)(°), Z=4. The final agreement factors are R=0.0740, Rw=0.0598. The terminal bond length, Mo-S_t and bridged one, MO-S_b for the compound are much longer than the counterpart without end-oxygen ligand. It possibly suggests that low valence of molybdenum and smaller electronegativity of sulphur than oxygen lead to the charge transfer as S→Mo→O.


An integral variant of the Knudsen effusion method is used under conditions of an ultrahigh ''oil-free'' vacuum to study the evaporation of an alloy with 2 at. % Dy, 50 at. % Tb, and 48 at. % Pd and another alloy with 2.3 at. % Dy, 77.1 at. % Tb, and 20.6 at. % Pt. The temperature dependences of the vapor pressures and the partial thermodynamic functions of dysprosium and terbium are calculated for these alloys. An analogy is made between the behavior of terbium in binary and ternary alloys with palladium and platinum. It is shown that the introduction of an appropriate amount of palladium into an alloy of dysprosium with terbium increases the ratio of the vapor pressures of these elements more than threefold, while the addition of an appropriate amount of platinum increases this ratio fourfold.


This paper presents an apodization technique to suppress spurious modes in aluminum nitride (AlN) lamb wave resonators. The apodization pattern proposed is a 5-vertex irregular polygon shape. Three dimensional (3D) simulations based on finite element methods (FEM) show that the presented apodization shape can effectively suppress both transverse and longitudinal spurious modes. To validate the concept, a lamb wave resonator operating at 2.1 GHz with the apodization applied is fabricated in house. The measured impedance response of the resonator with apodization demonstrates complete removal of the spurious modes with frequencies higher than the series resonant frequency (fs), and negligible spurs at the lower side of fs, though the effective coupling coefficient $(\mathbf{k}^{2}_{eff})$ is slightly degraded.


Now that we have covered the uninsured, it is time for us to put the priority on health, not health insurance, according to Darius Lakdawalla and Dana Goldman, both of the University of Southern California. The authors argue that benefits to population health are likely to be limited under the Affordable Care Act (ACA).


Two extended clinical examples are offered to show the value of attending to nonverbal behaviors in the analytic situation. Such kinesics may be highly charged transference actualizations that lead to the recovery of early memories. The material is viewed primarily from the theoretical standpoint of separation-individuation dynamics. The author argues that nonverbal phenomena should not be viewed as inferior to verbal communications or as less central to analytic work. (PLR)


The nutritional problem in toddlers today is stunting which can be prevented by various actions that can be taken by health workers. Objectives: To described the role of health workers in all puskesmas in Kolaka Regency in an effort to prevent stunting.Methods: The design of this study was a descriptive survey by providing closed and open question questionnaires. The population was all health workers serving under-five nutrition spread across 14 health centers in Kolaka Regency. The research sample was determined by purposive sampling so that the number of samples was 30. Results: This study showed that 66.7% of health workers had not attended training, 60% were planning to innovate, but only 33.3% are innovating, and 93.3% are cooperating. The innovations that have been made include forming a nutrition-aware family team and a nutrition-smart mother class, while the obstacles experienced are the lack of public knowledge about stunting, the difficulty of changing people's behavior about the importance of nutrition, the lack of accurate tools in measuring children under five, and the lack of health workers who provide services. Conclusion: The role of health workers in preventing stunting in Kolaka Regency is quite good if it is supported by stunting prevention training and supporting tools so it is recommended that adequate training and tools are needed to prevent stunting.Keywords:  health workers, toddler nutrition, stunting


This paper investigates how urban greenspace is integrated in everyday practices of urban populations. What are the social functions that green areas serve, and how do people interact with the materiality of urban greenspace. The paper reports from a recent empirical study in Copenhagen, Denmark, and it seeks to qualify concepts of lifestyle and practice, i.e. concepts by which sociological studies can capture and understand patterns of actions in people's daily lives. Particularly it seeks to include an understanding of the role of materiality in the analyses of social practices. Inspired by actor-network theory the paper proposes to analyse the role of urban greenspace in everyday practices as actant functions performed by the greenspace and its elements. The question is which roles green areas play in people's lives and in the community. The study presented in this paper shows that urban green areas are included in everyday life as spaces for free time and household flexibility. They serve a number of different social functions by providing spaces for solitude, for being together and for the experience of civic diversity. And the possibility of having experiences of nature and landscape become an integral part of urban life.


In this paper,we briefly specified the origin and contents of the two major catalogs of Chinese earthquakes,the Destructive Earthquake(MS≥4.7) Catalogue and the Complete Catalogue of Chinese Earthquakes(ML≥1.0).We also pointed out the differences among these catalogs.We also studied the relationship between MS and ML and a new converting formula was recommended.Finally,we provided suggestions to standardize the compilation of earthquake catalogs.


To improve the data accuracy in the survey efficiency of Climate Index of SMEs, the article introduced a WeChat applet questionnaire, which is used as the database front end, combined with the background data analysis and processing core, to construct the Climate Index of SMEs data system. It enables the investigators to complete a series of survey process from questions answering, form filling, data uploading, and questionnaire reviewing in one simple online applet. The feature of automatic discrimination can effectively eliminate the incomplete questionnaires and errors from the beginning. The improved data quality provides the solid foundation for the climate index analysis.


The research activities are oriented towards elaborating and characterizing nano-sized powders by powder metallurgy technologies based on wet milling in a planetary mill. For the elaboration of the TiB2 powders, a wet milling regime of initial powders was used up to nano size with the following parameters: milling technology by collision, milling times, rotational speed. The characterization of the TiB2 material will include particle size distribution analysis. EDXS and SEM analysis were used to study the structural evolution of the powder after ball milling. The mechanical milling technology, by its milling regimes, proved to be very efficient, obtaining a reduction of the titanium diboride powders particle size up to 50% compared to the initial unmilled powders.


This paper summarizes and analyzes the gas content features of 28 pairs of coal mines and the main structural features of Eastern Taihang mountain.The control action of geological factors(folds,faults,magmatic intrusion,buried depth and roof and floor,et al) on the gas occurrence is revealed.It is found that taking Gushan-Zishan anticline as the boundary,the trend of Eastern Taihang mountains is roughly "West low East high,South small North big".Different tectonic and buried depth of East and West are the main controlling factors of causing the gas content "West low East high".The trend of "South small North big" is mainly caused by intrusion degree aggravating of the magmatic rocks from South to North.


Sources and evolution of idea of civil society are examined in the article, approaches of prominent thinkers are analysed in relation to interpretation of civil society from times of Antiquity to New time. It is well-proven that civil society it is the system of autonomous from the state institutional connections into which a population with the purpose of realization of the private and corporate interests enters voluntarily.


For convenience, we re-state Definition 1 and Definition 2 from Section 3. Definition 1 (Sparse embedding matrix). A matrix S ∈ {0,±1}d×D is a sparse embedding matrix if and only if each column in S has exactly one non-zero entry [74]. Definition 2 (Success of a sparse embedding). A success of a random sparse embedding is the event Y ∗ = "All de active input dimensions are mapped to distinct target dimensions."


Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major world health challenge in the 21st centuries. The prevalence of CKD in Indonesia based on the doctor's diagnosis is 0.2% while for Tangerang prevalence at 0.1%. There are no clear data of the predisposing factor of CKD in Banten province, especially in Tangerang. The purpose of this study was to analyze the risk factors CKD on patients with hemodialysis in Tangerang District Hospital. This study is an observational analytic research with case-control and cross sectional approach conducted in August to September 2017 at the Tangerang District Hospital. with 70 respondents in case group and 70 respondents in control group. The result of the bivariate analysis showed that 15 of 19 risk factors significantly (p ≤ 0.05) increased the risk of CKD with OR range 2,043 to 4,235.  The result of multivariate analysis with logistic regression test showed that the most dominant risk factor for CKD was hypertension with OR 21,806 (95% C.I. 1,015- 486,554) and p = 0,049. There are 15 risk factors that could increase the risk of CKD. the most dominant risk factor for CKD was hypertension
Keywords: Risk factors, chronic kidney disease, hemodialysis


Abstract A series of experiments were conducted to study the effects of excess dietary l -, dl - and d -serine on growth and blood serine concentration in the chick. Day-old chicks (N.H.×S.C.W.L.) were fed either an l -amino acid diet or a practical diet containing various amounts of serine for two weeks. At the end of the experiment, the blood was taken for the determination of plasma or serum free serine. The growth of chicks was significantly depressed when 2.86% l -serine was included in the l -amino acid diet or in the practical diet. Severe growth depression and mortality were observed when dietary l -serine exceeded the 4% level. The addition of excess folic acid, vitamins B6 and B12 (20×N.R.C. requirement) to the practical diet containing 4% l -serine was able to correct partially the growth depression effect caused by excess dietary serine, but was unable to restore the growth of chicks to the controls. dl -serine was less harmful to the chick at the level corresponding to that of l -serine. d -serine fed at the 4% level had a slight growth inhibition on the chick. The level of serine in the plasma or serum was increased with the increases of dietary serine content. An extremely high concentration of serine was observed whenever there was a severe growth depression. d -serine was absorbed and metabolized in the chick.


The epidemic of Ebola in 2014–2015 in Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone in West Africa caused a breakdown of healthcare systems, adversely affecting diagnosis and treatment of endemic diseases such as HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis (TB), and malaria, and of vaccination programs and maternal health [1,2]. Although the health systems of these countries had been improving in the years before the epidemic, they were generally in a poor state for quite some time as a result of the civil war in two countries and long-term neglect. They were further paralyzed because of deaths of several healthcare workers early in the epidemic in 2014. There was further disruption caused by some initial large numbers of patients compounded with a reduced staff. That resulted in the closure of many clinics/hospitals and the interruption of routine health delivery services, such as HIV counseling and testing, dispensing the antiretroviral therapy and TB medications, treatment of malaria and delivery of long-lasting insecticide treated-nets, childhood vaccinations, and maternity care. Moreover, further lack of medicines and fear of Ebola transmission at health facilities subsequently decreased outpatient attendance to as low as 10% [3,4]. In addition, the national health authorities imposed city-wide curfews, border closures, and disruption of transportation routes that caused blockade to transportation of medical services and drug supplies. Consequently, reduced availability of healthcare providers and their services in the Ebola-affected regions exacerbated the severity of common illnesses and the number of deaths caused by HIV/AIDS, TB, and malaria [5].


the remarkable Sabbatarianism of Rebecca, with a grimly amusing twist in the incident of the rioter's family who expressed horror that the intruding police should break the Sabbath and then turned to attack the officers with hot iron rods, hatchets, and boiling water! Historians of working-class movements will be struck by the suggestions that some of the rioters were paid or by several examples of the phenomenon—not yet sufficiently considered in working-class history—of men who were both leaders and informers or whose folk reputations at any rate are more than a little dubious. Again, the extraordinarily understanding parts played by Sir Frederick Pollock in prosecuting or Sir Thomas Frankland Lewis (here rescued from the shadow and contempt of Chadwick) in investigating are worth noting. Lewis insisted that the rioters had a just cause and no alternative remedy: "The Rebecca Riots are a very creditable portion of Welsh history" (p. 291). That is a statement to be added to the case for breadth of view and lack of complacency among the Victorians.


A 12-year-old boy was admitted to our department as part of our epilepsy surgery protocol. He was admitted for video EEG and for ultimate consideration for vagal nerve stimulator (VNS) insertion. He had a background of intractable epilepsy which had not responded to multiple antiepileptic medications.

In children with intractable or refractory or difficult epilepsy [population], does vagal nerve stimulation [intervention] reduce seizure frequency or rate [outcome]?

The search was performed independently by two people.

An advanced search of National Library for Health, AMED, BNI, EMBASE, HMIC, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL and Health Business Elite was carried out.

Key words were: children, intractable epilepsy, vagal nerve stimulation, seizure frequency and seizure rate.

Fifteen papers were found, six were relevant to the question, and one was excluded due to small size. See table 1.

View this table:

Table 1
Efficacy of vagal nerve stimulation in children with medically intractable epilepsy

As approximately one third of patients with epilepsy will …


Recent st udies have s hown that attachment as well as diffusion is important in determinin g the electron-density c\j stribution a bout the pat h of a m eteor. The present paper develops in detail the ma thematical theory of the durations of radio echoes from overdense trails . Included is the depende nce of the height distribution of ioni zat ion on met eor magmtude, velocity, zemth a ngle, the form of the attachment law, the height de pen dence of di (fusion coeffici ent , a nd fl,l1 adj ustable rela tion between luminous and ionizin g efficiency . It IS shown t hat well defi ned attachment-free a nd attachment-controlled duration regions exist with d ifferent lin e-density a nd wavelengt h dependences. The ttansition zo ne is broad, a nd its location depends st rongly on meteor velocity. No rmalized duration and line-dens it y parameters a rc defin ed in t erms of which a single co mputer-calc ulated duration versus density relation good for a ll parameter values is plotted. Bridging formulas approximating th e duration relat ion a re deri ved fro m asy mptotic expressions, a nd t he relation betwee n echoing height a nd du rat ion or lin e density is presented. Equations a rc given relatlllg the expo nent of the wavelengt h to ec ho duration. In a compan ion paper the t heo ry will be a ppli ed to experimental data a nd t he valu es of the ph ysical parameter~ and constants " ' ill be derived.


The main reason that causes the premature failure of concrete structure is rebar corrosion damage. Furthermore, the chloride ion penetration is the main reason of rebar corrosion damage. Stress corrosion in welding joint of rebar is studied. Separate rebar into 5 groups, each group have 3 pieces. Grouping experimental method is used to make welded joints soaked, compare the variation law of mechanical properties of flush welded joint under the influence of corrosive environment. Combining with Finite Element Analysis shows that a higher stress concentration during welding process is the important reason to the performance degradation of rebar in corrosive environments. Comparative tests have shown that stress corrosion cracking more likely occur in the welding zone and welding clamping position. The results show that the rebar production process must be strictly controlled, and effectively prevent the erosion of the corrosive medium to ensure the long-term safety of the building.


Background/Aim: Kimura's disease is a rare chronic inflammatory disorder that commonly affects the head and neck regions, occurring predominantly in Asian men. Elevated eosinophil count and IgE levels in the peripheral blood examination are suggestive of this disease. In this study we report two cases of Kimura's disease, treated with wide excision. Case Report: The first case was a 58-year-old man presented with asymptomatic left neck mass. The second case was a 69-year-old man with swelling of the right upper arm, which was suggestive of soft tissue mass. Needle biopsy results were suggestive of Kimura's disease in both cases. Elevated WBCs at 8,380/μl (neutrophils: 45%, eosinophils: 33%) for the first case and 5,370/μl (neutrophils: 61.8%, eosinophils: 3.5%) for the second one, and serum IgE at 14.988 IU/ml for the first case and 1,315 IU/ml for the second one were observ. For definitive treatment and diagnosis, wide excisions were performed. Final histopathological results revealed Kimura's disease. Surgical margins were negative even though an ill-demarcated lesion for the first case and high infiltration to the muscle for second case were confirmed. Conclusion: Wide excision was performed in both cases of Kimura's disease and no recurrence was observed until the final follow-up. Wide excision with negative surgical margin should be recommended for the treatment of Kimura's disease.


The carbido-dianion [Os10C(CO)24]2–(1) reacts with halogens X2 to give firstly [Os10C(CO)24(µ-X)]–, and then [Os10C(CO)24(µ-X)2](X = Cl, Br, or I). The dianion (1) is regenerated on treatment of [Os10C(CO)24(µ-X)]– or [Os10C(CO)24(µ-X)2] with the nucleophiles X–, OH–, PR3(R = OMe or C6H5), C5H5N, MeCN, or CO in polar solvents (tetrahydrofuran, methanol, acetone, or dichloromethane). Treatment of [Os10C(CO)24(µ-I)2](3) with [N(PPh3)2][NO2] in dichloromethane gives the nitrosyl dianion [Os10C(CO)22(NO)I]2–(4). With an excess of P(OMe)3 in xylene, complex (3) gives a mixture of products from which the phosphite-containing clusters [Os10C(CO)23{P(OMe)3}(µ-I)2](5) and [Os10C(CO)21{P(OMe)3}4](6) were separated and identified. The neutral species (5) was shown to react with an iodide ion, in a similar manner to the reaction shown by (3), to sequentially remove the bridging iodine ligands with formation of the dianion [Os10C(CO)23{P(OMe)3}]2–(5b). An isomer of the cluster (6), compound (6a), was prepared by the reaction of [Os10H2C(CO)24] with P(OMe)3 in xylene. Crystal-structure analyses of complexes [N(PPh3)2][Os10C(CO)24(µ-I)], (3), (4), (5), (6), and (6a) are reported and the possible mechanisms for their formation together with a discussion of the factors affecting the reactivity of the Os10 series to nucleophiles are reported.


The simple act of rolling a ball down an inclined plane onto a tabletop can be analysed theoretically by students. When they test their predictions experimentally the agreement is satisfying.


The objective of the research was to design the strategic road safety plan for the company aquavida perforaciones s.a.s. in Norte de Santander Colombia. Reference was made to resolution 1565 of june 6, 2014, with a sample of 6 employees, the diagnostic questionnaire was applied to determine their competence, skills and abilities, and a pre-operational checklist was applied to the 6 existing vehicles to determine the technical-mechanical conditions. The result was that 83% of the drivers have more than 10 years of experience in the performance of their work, although they do not have training in road safety issues and defensive driving course, another finding was that the 50% the validity of your driving license is less than three months as evidenced in (figures 7 and 8).
Regarding the vehicle fleet, it was evident that 67% do not have the items of the kit required by the standard, and 50% of the vehicles do not have a reflective vest, as shown in figure 3. Based on the results obtained, a training and awareness program on road safety was established for drivers and a preventive maintenance plan was suggested for vehicles that have historical records and traceability of the operations carried out, as well as the daily inspection of vehicles that allow knowing their condition before starting the march, to minimize the occurrence of accidents and incidents.


A wearable antenna is antenna that can be worn or integrated into clothing for the purposes of communication, which include navigation and tracking, public safety and mobile computing. In this paper, proposed antenna is designed to operate from 3.1 to 10.6 GHz with -10dB return loss bandwidth. It consists of a circular patch and a partial ground plane. This antenna was designed on substrate with overall size of 40 x40mm and dielectric substrate with er =1.44. The analysis of the structures were carried out using CST Microwave Studio. Simulated results in terms of reflection coefficient, bandwidth, current distribution, radiation pattern, as well as gain and efficiency are presented to validate the usefulness of the proposed design.


Abstract. Hadianto W, Purwoko BS, Dewi IS, Suwarno WB, Hidayat P. 2023. Selection index and agronomic characters of doubled haploid rice lines from anther culture. Biodiversitas 24: 1511-1517. Development of superior rice varieties requires selection of the best lines having good agronomic characters and high yields. This study aimed to select high-yielding doubled haploid rice lines obtained from anther culture through index selection and agronomic characters. The study was conducted using a single-factor randomized complete block design (RCBD) with genotype as treatment. Sixty doubled haploid lines and 5 check varieties were evaluated along with three replications, hence, the total experimental unit was 195. Analysis of variance showed that the genotypes had a significant effect on all observed characters, except for the number of productive tillers. The agronomic characters observed had a high broad sense of heritability, except for the number of productive tillers which was in the medium category. Furthermore, index selection was carried out based on productivity, the number of productive tillers, the total number of grains, as well as the percentage of filled grains. Based on the index selection, 29 lines were selected among the 60 doubled haploid rice lines tested. These lines had the range in productivity from 2.95 to 6.77 ton ha-1, the number of productive tillers from 12.3 to 20.8 tillers, the total number of grains from 135 to 275.4 seeds, the filled grain percentage from 53.23 to 87.61%, and the selection index from -1.48 to 7.88. The selected lines will be further tested at the next experimental stage in several locations to produce high-yielding, brown planthopper-resistant, and drought-tolerant rice varieties.


We empirically study the activity patterns of individual blog-posting and find significant memory effects. The memory coefficient first decays in a power law and then turns to an exponential form. Moreover, the inter-event time distribution displays a heavy-tailed nature with power-law exponent dependent on the activity. Our findings challenge the priority-queue model that can not reproduce the memory effects or the activity-dependent distributions. We think there is another kind of human activity patterns driven by personal interests and characterized by strong memory effects. Accordingly, we propose a simple model based on temporal preference, which can well reproduce both the heavy-tailed nature and the strong memory effects. This work helps in understanding both the temporal regularities and the predictability of human behaviors.