Bourdieu's theory of culture offers a rich conceptual resource for the social-scientific study of religion. In particular, his analysis of cultural capital as a medium of social relations suggests an economic model of religion alternative to that championed by rational choice theorists. After evaluating Bourdieu's limited writings on religion, this paper draws upon his wider work to craft a new model of "spiritual capital." Distinct from Iannaccone's and Stark and Finke's visions of "religious capital," this Bourdieuian model treats religious knowledge, competencies, and preferences as positional goods within a competitive symbolic economy. The valuation of spiritual capital is the object of continuous struggle and is subject to considerable temporal and subcultural variation. A model of spiritual capital illuminates such phenomena as religious conversion, devotional eclecticism, religious fads, and social mobility. It also suggests some necessary modifications to Bourdieu's theoretical system, particularly his understanding of individual agency, cultural production, and the relative autonomy of fields.


A challenging, thought-provoking book, The Searchfor Society is a direct quest for a biological science. The book has one central theme: the species-specific nature of homo sapiens has an evolutionary past that constrains the present and carries into the future. To a biologist, that claim would be a statement of the obvious. A similar claim could be made about any animal species. For humans, however, the claim is controversial. As Fox goes to great length to explain, much of modern-day social science is founded on the notionthat an adequate account of human behavior can be made independent of the evolutionary past of the species. The book is largely an account of how that view came to prevail in the behavioral sciences, what is wrong with it, and what must be done to change it, both for an improved science of human behavior and in much broader terms for the future of the species.


The aim of this study was to describe the eating experience in individuals with serve heart failure. The disease is common, especially in high age. Both the disease and the treatment can cause a va ...


The purpose of this study is to explain the role of international networks in mediating the effect of internet technology capabilities and international entrepreneurship orientation on export performance. The population of this research is creative industry SMEs that have been exporting for at least the last 3 years in Bali. The size of the sample used was 170 managers of creative industry SMEs exporters with a purposive sampling method. The analytical technique used is Path Analysis using SEM-PLS. The results show that the internet technology capabilities have a positive and significant effect on export performance. International entrepreneurship orientation also has a positive and significant impact on export performance. Furthermore, the internet technology capabilities have a positive and significant impact on international networking; international entrepreneurship orientation also has a positive and significant impact on international networking; and international networking affects export performance. In addition, international networking is able to mediate the effect of internet technology capabilities and international entrepreneurship orientation on export performance. Therefore, it is important for SMEs of creative industry exporters in Bali to develop their internet technology capabilities and improve their international entrepreneurial orientation in order to be able to build wider international networks and have an impact on increasing export performance.


RFID attracts attention as a useful device in location-aware application. SPEARS WG of WIDE Project had already developed a system (2003), which uses RFID devices as a sensor of human's location. Purpose for this system is to provide the service based on a user's location in a conference. In this system, the model in which location of user is gathered and provided for each user was adopted. This paper describes several areas of problems and improvements in our latest implementation. The following functions were implemented by the addition of a system called "Area-d": 1) provide a service tied with a location, and 2) provides users' communication rendezvous service. These functions are able to add to the existing system without altering the existing model. This paper describes a location-oriented data processing model and applications.


The importance of riparian diversity for the functioning of headwater streams has been demonstrated repeatedly. For example, mixing litter from different riparian tree species can influence their decomposition rates, an effect that is contingent on both the litter assemblage and the detritivore community. However, the effects of mixing litter species have been studied mostly in temperate streams, and very few studies have been done in non-temperate streams. Mediterranean streams are often subjected to recurrent flow intermittency, and their riparian tree and stream detritivore communities have unique sets of species and traits, which probably influence the effects of litter mixtures on decomposition. We hypothesized that high dissimilarity in litter traits could promote effects of litter mixtures on decomposition that would be counteracted by the low abundance and small body size of detritivores in Mediterranean streams. We manipulated litter diversity and the size-class and presence/absence of detritivores in a 2nd-order Mediterranean stream in a 46-d experiment and found substantial but contingent effects on litter mixtures. Mixture effects were not significant on average, but both negative and positive effects of litter mixtures occurred. For instance, mixing soft and nutrient-rich litter species led to up to 9.6% increase in leaf mass loss. Microbial activity accounted for 85% of total leaf mass loss, and no effect of litter mixture was observed when detritivores were excluded. In contrast, the presence of detritivores, despite their relatively low abundance and diversity, was a key factor for litter decomposition and promoted effects of litter mixture. These results suggest that the extinction of a few key taxa (riparian tree species or large detritivores) could impair nutrient and C cycling in Mediterranean streams with potential consequences for stream food webs.


The status quo of China's disaster education is presented.The characteristics of natural disasters,the discipline nature of geography and the future of geography education are analyzed.The conclusion is that it is necessary and feasible to educate juniour high students about natural disasters with geography under the New Course Standard.


The extraction conditions of Lycium pigment was studied with the ethanol solvent.Based on the single factor tests the optimum extraction conditions were obtained by orthogonal test.The ultraviolet-visible spectrum showed that the absorption peak of the ethanol-pigment-solution exists at 395 nm.The optimum extraction condition was performed at 80 ℃ with 3 times(each for 2 hours)by the 1 g/20 mL 60 % ethanol solvent.


Most of the straightforward learning approaches in cooperative robotics imply for each learning robot a state space growth exponential in the number of team members. To remedy the exponentially large state space, we propose to investigate a less demanding cooperation mechanism|i.e., various levels of awareness|instead of communication. We deene awareness as the perception of other robot's locations and actions. We recognize four diierent levels (or degrees) of awareness which imply diierent amounts of additional information and therefore have diierent impacts on the search space size (((0), (1), (N), o(N) 1 , where N is the number of robots in the team). There are trivial arguments in favor of avoiding binding the increase of the search space size to the number of team members. We advocate that, by studying the maximum number of neighbor robots in the application context, it is possible to tune the parameters associated with a (1) increase of the search space size and allow good learning performance. We use the cooperative multi-robot observation of multiple moving targets (CMOMMT) application to illustrate our method. We verify that awareness allows cooperation, that cooperation shows better performance than a purely collective behavior and that learned cooperation shows better results than learned collective behavior.


From the Publisher:
Object, View, and Interaction Design (OVID) addresses the need to improve the quality and efficiency of designing user interfaces. It applies many of the tools and techniques used in object-oriented code design to the domain of the user interface. OVID brings rigor to the design process and produces output that feeds directly into code design. OVID helps to create interfaces that meet user requirements and are easy to use.


In order to streamline Didemnum research, a new, low cost and modular AUV was designed and built to replace Odyssey IV as the primary Didemnum research vehicle. This new AUV is a shallow cruising vehicle with a depth rating of 100 meters. With a weight of less than 50 kg, the AUV can easily be launched and recovered by hand from Sea Grant's 25 ft vessel. Although specifically designed to support Didemnum research, the AUV incorporates a flexible and modular design which allows it to be reconfigured for existing Didemnum missions or upgraded with additional sensors and payload. Incorporating a separate, interchangeable Lithium-Polymer Battery pack allows the vehicle to achieve both a high mission duty cycle and extended bottom time. The Didemnum Cruiser also serves as a prototype for future vehicles in the AUV Lab.


The water situation in Palestine can be described as a crisis. Water resources are small and most of the water in the West Bank is being stolen and allocated to Israel. Wastewater management is practically non-existing and the untreated wastewater generated in Palestinian cities and villages is polluting the aquifers as well as being used by farmers for irrigation. The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of using the technique of constructed wetlands in the West Bank and specifically in Nablus region, Faria catchment. This study includes a description of wetland site characteristics with corresponding information from Faria catchment, a summary over already constructed wetlands in the West Bank, a water budget simulation over a small wetland, an estimate over wetland treatment capacity and suggests sites for future wetland construction. The information about Faria Catchment was collected from Palestinian publications and reports such as rainfall data, soil maps and ArcGIS shapefiles. Information about existing wetland projects was collected through interviews with engineers from Palestinian Hydrology Group. The simulation was performed and evaluated with STELLA computer software. This study concludes that Faria Catchment is well suited for wastewater treatment using constructed wetlands in terms of climatic and topographic factors. The study found no domestic soil suitable for wetland construction and recommends the use of plastic when constructing liners. The treatment efficiency was found to be high under the climatic conditions in the study area. This study found one location in Faria catchment suited for construction of a wetland. The site will be very interesting when the Israeli settlements in the area have been dismantled and the occupation is over. Until the occupation ends there are very limited possibilities for proper infrastructural projects such as wastewater treatment.


We continue our study of a Fibonacci-like analogue of the well-known iterated nonlinear map $x_{n+1}=\lambda x_n(1-x_n)$;cf. [1]. This second-order variant contains two parameters: viz. one which corresponds to $\lambda$, and a second one --denoted by $\alpha$-- that determines the relative influence of the two previous values. As in [1] we fix $\lambda$ to 3.9999 and we vary the parameter $\alpha$ from 0 to 1. We consider many subintervals of $\alpha$ --not mentioned in [1]-- that exhibit interesting types of behavior (regular patterns, periodic limit cycles, "intermediate stages", et cetera). The effect of the initial conditions on the ultimate behavior of this iterated mapping is also discussed.

Keywords and phrases: dynamical system, nonlinearity, chaos, order, second-order difference equation, bifurcation.

[1] P.R.J. Asveld, A Fibonacci-like Iterated Nonlinear Map or Order from Chaos in the Region of the Tiny Tornados, Memorandum Informatica 90-10 (1990), Dept. of Comp. Sci., Twente University of Technology.


Hyaluronidase was first named by Chain and Duthie (1939, 1940), but it was as early as 1928 that DuranReynals isolated what he called a spreading factor from normal testis. Various sources of hyaluronidase have since been determined-iliary body, cornea, skin, and spleen-and it is now recognized as a specific enzyme having the special property of depolymerizing hyaluronic acid-a mucopolysaccharide constituting the tissue cement or ground substance of the mesenchyme. The possible applications of such an enzyme, once extracted and standardized-namely, a substance which can, as it were, reversibly reduce the viscosity of the intercellular matrix-are numerous, and there is a great deal of evidence to indicate its useful application in the fields of surgery and midwifery. It seemed feasible, therefore, that hyaluronidase could be of use in deep insulin therapy, perhaps increasing absorption rate and allowing for a smaller dosage of insulin, and indirectly minimizing the possibility of hypoglycaemic after-shock. Hyaluronidase has thus been used and reported on by various workers with conflicting results, but Gysin and Wilson (1954), investigating a series of 53 cases, found that the amount of insulin was reduced by some 40%, a smoother induction resulted, and late adverse reactions were reduced by about 73%. There is such great individual variation to the effects of injected insulin that such results should be regarded as very significant. One factor, for instance, is the undoubted possibility of injecting into fascial planes, causing variable absorption. The object of this paper is to report on a series of 42 patients treated in the deep insulin unit over the period from January, 1956, to January, 1957, combining the use of hyaluronidase with insulin.


This paper shows that under public disclosure regulations, in order to keep their information advantage, insiders may manipulate the market by trading against their information and by adding noise to their trades. However, outsiders can learn more information from insiders' disclosed orders. This makes the competition for profit among them more intense. The market becomes more efficient. The paper also shows that disclosure regulations transfer gains from insiders to outsiders. Key-Words: Trading behavior; Market microstructure; Insider trading; Asymmetric information.


Under the recent global worldwide economic crisis, small business enterprises (SBEs) are considered to be a major force behind the South Africa's economy. Regarding the strategy of quality management, probably the most serious constraint of SBEs is that the management is often constantly under time pressure, usually dealing with the urgent staff and operational matters. Quality management does not form the strategic basis of SBEs, which impacts on their sustainability as business enterprises. Thus, an effective quality management strategy is crucial to the sustainability of SBEs. This study proposed a quality strategy model by applying Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycle for SBEs. A quantitative research paradigm was applied in the research. Cronbach's Alpha was utilised to test the reliability of each component of the model. The study results indicate that the proposed quality strategies can be implemented effectively by SBEs to ensure their sustainability.


Although occupational injuries in the manufacturing industry have decreased overall, the occurrence of fall-re-lated injuries has remained unchanged. This may be due to a higher number of older workers, and an increased ratio of older workers to total employees. Therefore, it is necessary to develop workflow guidelines to prevent fall-related accidents involving older employees. Based on the results of our literature review, we developed some key questions (KQ) for older factory workers. Furthermore, we described a draft guideline for each KQ. In our proposal, we combined (1) conventional strategies for mitigating environmental harm, and (2) individual exercise interventions to improve the workers' fitness. We believe that these tentative recommendations will further aid fall-prevention initiatives. In the future, to investigate the effectiveness of our guidelines, we hope to conduct external surveys of occupational health staff within several manufacturing establishments. These will be followed by an expert panel discussion to formally complete them. Our current guidelines will be helpful for industry workers, and employers who wish to reduce injuries and liabilities in the workplace.


In the first chapter the authors note that it is a challenge to develop tasks for students with speech and language difficulty that both facilitate learning through language and at the same time, encourage language development. This book describes how these challenges have been met in some classrooms in the UK using the National Curriculum in England and Wales. In the first two chapters the authors explore some of the issues relevant to language and learning and the curriculum. They also describe curriculum planning and the use of action research when implementing the curriculum with children with a speech or language impairment in school. The following eight chapters provide information on the teaching of a variety of subjects to different groups of school students. Each chapter covers a different subject and a different group of students with a great deal of repetition about the National Curriculum and no logical flow between chapters. A summary of each chapter would have been helpful. Subjects include Science, Music, English, Mathematics and Modern Foreign Language, in this instance French. One chapter describes working in collaboration with a speech pathologist for Science lessons, yet makes no reference to the body of research on collaboration. The chapters focus on different children with varying ability across a number of schools. For example, there is a description of Music lessons for children aged 7-10 with a severe learning difficulty and French teaching sessions for children in year 10, two of whom had speech and language difficulty. Lesson plans, assessments of students' progress and evaluations of teaching activities are given. The book provides many ideas of ways to include children with speech and language difficulty in mainstream classroom activities and also describes teaching sessions for children attending special schools. There is limited detail about the children described so that it is not easy to decide if the teaching objectives and strategies might be useful for children known to the reader. In addition, not all the speech and language goals are functional. There is also limited reference to current research and a lack of detail on practical issues such as collaborating with other staff, working with therapists and families. This book would be of some interest to education students, and to teachers who are teaching children with special needs and


Traditional settlement of Alkhabra is an ideal example of a true sustainable built environment. It is comprehensive, protective, ecological, self-sufficient, and integrated with its natural context. The village spatial fabric displays and an organic hierarchy of various spatial systems with great integration and depth of interaction with all human activities. The spatial-behavioral systems are well intermingled to coordinate between the various human activities with their corresponding domains and their natural environment. This study uses the spatial-behavioral analysis and sustainability approaches at the different hierarchal levels. These include the context, sustainable spatial systems, perceptions, movement, neighborhoods, plazas, streets and dwellings. Also some important themes of spatial security, privacy, sociopetality, environmental protection, and sustainability will be covered.


Orientational order parameters can be effectively and economically defined using spherical tensors. However, their definition in terms of Cartesian tensors can sometimes provide a clearer physical intuition. We show that it is possible to build a fully Cartesian theory of the orientational order parameters which is consistent with the traditional spherical tensor approach. The key idea is to build a generalised multi-pole expansion of the orientational probability distribution function in terms of outer products of rotation matrices. Furthermore, we show that the Saupe ordering super-matrix, as found, for example, in the text by de Gennes and Prost [The Physics of Liquid Crystals, 2nd ed. (Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK, 1995)] and which is used to define the Cartesian second-rank orientational order parameters, is not consistent with its spherical tensor counterpart. We then propose a symmetric version of the Saupe super-matrix which is fully consistent with the spherical tensor definition. The prop...


This article examines the strategies of Helsinki,Joensuu and Tampere and the cities' strategic reactionsto multiculturalism and immigration. Is culturaldiversity treated as a risk – a burden to be copedwith – or an opportunity and solution to challengesfaced in the future? The empirical data consists ofstrategic documents of municipal governance. Thetextual analysis of the documents shows that immigrationand diversity appear to have risen amongthe important strategic issues, most evidently in themetropolitan area of Helsinki. In the regional citiesof Tampere and Joensuu, cultural diversity andimmigration have been treated less systematically.Equity of ethnic minorities or multiculturalism inthe strong sense of the term, referring to rightsgranted to communities or cultural rights in thepublic sphere have nevertheless not gained groundin any of the three urban municipalities examined. Apragmatic, welfare-society approach that is based onthe allocation of resources derived from economicactivity combines with a dichotomizing view of theimmigrant either as work force for the needs ofeconomic growth or as a potential threat that hasto be controlled through social service provision andeducation. Rights-based discursive approach in strategicplanning of municipalities is largely missing thisfar. Strengthening of such an approach would betterbring forth the role of active, inclusive citizenship.


On April 1, 1892, a 27-year-old patient F. S. was admitted to the gynecological department of the Jewish hospital in Warsaw, severely anemic and emaciated, with complaints of bleeding from the genitals. The last, 6th birth was 4 months ago, which ended well with a living full-term baby.


Normal pregnancy involves many changes including alterations in hematologic parameters. One of the parameters changed involves platelets. In the present study, change in platelet count is studied during pregnancy and puerperium of the same woman. 30 pregnant women in the age group 20–30 years who were registered for ANC in BMC, Chitradurga were enrolled for the study. Platelet count was measured both during pregnancy and in puerperal period in all the women. Values were analyzed statistically using paired "t" test. Results showed that Platelet count was found to decrease during pregnancy compared to puerperium (p <0.0001) which was statistically significant.


Poverty level in Nigeria is at variance with the country's immense wealth and natural disasters are on the increase and claiming lives as well as properties. This paper looks at the use of space base technology in disaster management and how disaster management can be integrated into poverty reduction to help reduce the vulnerability of poor and protect their livelihoods and development gains. It starts by conceptualizing poverty and vulnerability and proceeds to examine Nigeria's economy, poverty and natural disaster. Thereafter, the paper looks at the introduction of space technology in disaster mitigation and management in Nigeria and the challenges associated with it. Suggestions are made for effective use of space technology for disaster management and poverty reduction in Nigeria.


The lack of an analysis of the notifications before the World Trade Organization (WTO) reflects the submission that Colombia faces towards the norms imposed by the different countries without the possibility of commenting on the disagreement of the measures. This means that Colombia, instead of taking a precautionary stance against unnecessary measures to trade, has to comply with these measures and adapt to them without knowing well the possible implications that could entail. The research is based on a qualitative analysis with a descriptive scope to propose an alarm system for WTO notifications, it is intended that such alarm system be used by the public-private sector in Colombia.


Due to user privacy protection and other demands, image encryption is always a hot spot in the research field. In view of these problems, this article proposes a chaotic image encryption algorithm, which is named permutation-diffusion algorithm. Specifically, the image of the pixels is permuted, so that the pixel position changes, and then spreads, to change the pixel value. It can be observed from the test results that the algorithm is better in terms of efficiency and safety, compared with the state of the art.


To develop and validate simple, rapid, linear, accurate, precise and economical UV Spectroscopic method for estimation of Valsartan in tablet dosage form. The drug is freely soluble in analytical grade Ethanol, Methanol and Acetonitrile. The drug was identified in terms of solubility studies and on the basis of melting point done on Melting Point Apparatus of Equiptronics. It showed absorption maxima were determined in diluent Methanol: Water (50:50) ratio. The drug obeyed the Beer's law and showed good correlation of concentration with absorption which reflect in linearity. The UV spectroscopic method was developed for estimation of Valsartan in tablet dosage form and also validated as per ICH guidelines. The drug is freely soluble in analytical grade Ethanol, Methanol, Acetonitrile and sparingly soluble in water. So, the analytical grade Methanol: water (50:50) is used as a diluent in method. The melting point of Valsartan was found to be 115116 ̊C (uncorrected). It showed absorption maxima 250 nm in Methanol: Water (50:50) ratio. On the basis of absorption spectrum the working concentration was set on 20μg/ml (PPM). The linearity was observed between 10-30 μg/ml (PPM). The results of analysis were validated by recovery studies. The recovery was found to be 98.75, 101.00 and 99.17% for three levels respectively. The % RSD for precision was found to be 0.35%. A simple, rapid, linear, accurate, precise and economical UV Spectroscopic method has been developed for estimation of Valsartan in tablet dosage form. The method could be considered for the determination of Valsartan in quality control laboratories.


Phenol is an aromatic chemical commonly found in domestic and industrial effluents that represents a worldwide concern in toxicology. When it reaches aquatic environments, significant damage in fishes is observed. The first aim of this study was to investigate the acute toxicity levels of phenol in Ictalurus punctatus and Piaractus mesopotamicus. The second objective was to evaluate the hematological parameters of I. punctatus and P. mesopotamicus after 96 hours exposure to sublethal concentration of phenol (10% of 96-hour LC50) and after post-exposure recovery period of 7 days. The main hypothesis of the study was that even sublethal phenol concentration could cause hematological alterations in fish. For 96-hour LC50 tests, both fish species were exposed to several phenol concentrations (in the range between 5 and 50 mg L-1) and the mortality were recorded after 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours. Phenol was notably more toxic to I. punctatus than P. mesopotamicus and the 96-hour LC50 values were 15.08 and 32.56 mg L-1, respectively. Sublethal exposure to phenol in P. mesopotamicus resulted in significant higher hematocrit level (Ht), hemoglobin content (Hb) and red blood cell count (RBC) in comparison with control group. In I. punctatus, Ht, Hb and RBC remained constant after 96-hour sublethal exposure. However, after the recovery period of 7 days a significant increase of RBC followed by reduction in mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) were observed in I. punctatus. The sublethal responses to phenol revealed erythropoeisis in I. punctatus and respiratory distress in P. mesopotamicus. P. mesopotamicus presented excessive skin and gills mucus throughout the 96-hour LC50 tests. Acute toxicity tests and hematological responses after exposure to sublethal phenol concentration could be successfully used as a biomarker of stress in fish and may be applicable to investigate others toxic agents.


The nuclear power industry has many demands for equipment tolerant to the damaging effects of radiation. The wide variety of applications, including components handling, tooling, monitoring and communications, means that a systematic evaluation of the effects of radiation on materials and components used for equipment in radioactive facilities is often required. This Paper describes the various effects of radiation on equipment, and discusses how to manage them when using and designing equipment


Realistic thermal conditions with various humidity levels have been considered to examine cross-modal effects of noise and thermal conditions on indoor environmental perceptions. Subjective assessments of temperature, humidity and acoustics were conducted with 26 subjects under combined environments of seven thermal conditions (18°C: RH 30, 60%, 24°C: RH 27, 43, 65%, 30°C: RH 30, 60%), two noise types (fan and babble noises) and five noise levels (45, 50, 55, 60, and 65 dBA). Three-minute moderate noise exposure did not affect temperature or humidity sensations. However, temperature and humidity levels affected loudness, annoyance, and acoustic preferences. Men were more sensitive to hot sensations than women, and women were more sensitive to arid sensations than men. Women were more sensitive to noise levels than men. Gender differences were also found in terms of different types of noise. Men were found to be significantly less sensitive to fan noise than women. Even though psychoacoustic parameters were affected by indoor thermal conditions; thermal parameters were not affected by short-term moderate noise. The combined effect of various types of noise and temperature is still unclear, and this will be considered in a future larger cohort study.


Metal gate CMOS technologies for high speed applications were investigated using the damascene metal gate process (Yagishita et al., 1999). We demonstrated the performance improvement by no gate depletion effect in the metal gate using actual devices. Ti/W was used as a single work function metal gate material and ultra shallow buried channel profile was formed for threshold voltage control. The self-aligned channel structure effectively reduces source/drain junction capacitance. An extremely good metal/SiO/sub 2/ interface with the CVD-TiN gate stack realizes intrinsic channel mobility. The propagation delay time of a CMOS inverter ring oscillator was 20 ps, and projected next generation performance would be better due to the improved technologies.


This study enlightment how the online learning bring out impact for students achievement. 20 students as participant in this study. The descriptive qualitative was used as method of the study.  Based on the result of questionnare 80% of online learning is interesting for students. 65% of students answer that online learning class are easier that regular class and 5% answer not.  85% of students always prepare their learning with taking notes or record it. 90% of students answer online learning practical for them. When talking about the time of online learning 7% of students feel disturb and hurry but 70% are not. 75% of students ask that online learning is cheaper than they should go to class, because they need to pay for bus fare, lunch, clothes etc. 68% of students always join discussion along the online learning. 75% of students feel more confidence joining online learning that face to face in class. That's why 60% of students think online learning can improve high quality of learning. And 70% of the teacher always accomodate their students in learning. They teacher also give them feedback after they send their assignment and more of the students feel more confidence with online learning. In summary, online learning provide students practical and flexible way in learning, it also make them more creative and active. Online learning give them some benefit in learning.


Abnormal weather in four season(歲時不正之氣) is pathogen factor of deficiency type(虛邪). It is the main contents of this chapter that, at the state of the abnormal wind in four season, it is easy to fall ill the human body. In the head, it describes Malara and Qi in the human hody(人氣). In the middle, it describes Qi in the human body and Qi in universe(天氣). In the end it deals with Qi in universe. The main contents are as follow. In the first chapter, it describes contents that the cause which the time of Malaria attack is different, are closely connected with winning and waxing between pathogenic factor and vita Qi(邪正相搏). In the second chapter, it describes contents that whether four season and eight wind as pathogen(四時八風邪氣) fall ill the human body or not, a level of invade human, rapid or late of the outbreak of illness, depend upon strong or weak of constitution(人體 强弱) and opening and closing of striae of skin(주理 開闔). In the third chapter, it discussed contents that we can presume climatic change in four season and analyze epidemicity of disease through the theory of Googungpalpoong(九宮八風).


The plasma membrane is an important primary site of hormone action. Within its structure are hormone receptors and hormone-sensitive enzymes such as adenylate cyclase (Pohl et al., 1969) and possibly the low-K,,, cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase (Thompson et al., 1973). It is well established that insulin lowers cyclic AMP concentrations in intact fatand liver-cells but direct effects of insulin in membrane preparations on the enzymes of cyclic AMP metabolism have been difficult to obtain and the results of such studies remain controversial. One problem may be that existing methods for the purification of plasma membranes involve long periods at low temperatures and often produce only a low yield. Luzio et al. (1976) described a novel method for isolating fatcell plasma membranes immunologically. This method offered the possibility of rapidly preparing membranes in physiological buffers and only exposed membranes to low temperatures (4°C) for a short period of time. The present paper reports the use of this method, with modifications, for the preparation of liver cell plasma membranes together with preliminary data on the activities of adenylate cyclase and low-K,,, cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase in these membranes. Isolated liver cells were prepared by a modification of the method of Berry & Friend (1969). The liver of a male Wistar rat (200g) was perfused in reverse with Ca2+-free Hanks buffer containing sodium salts of pyruvate, fumarate and glutamate, all at concentrations of 5 m ~ , for 20min and then for a further 20min with the same medium containing 0.06% (w/v) collagenase. After perfusion the liver was suspended in KrebsRinger bicarbonate medium (1.3 mM-CaZ+), pH 7.4, containing 2 % (w/v) bovine serum albumin and dispersed with a spatula. The cells were then filtered, washed and finally resuspended in this medium. The resulting cell suspension (approx. 700mg dry wt. of cells in 200ml of medium) was incubated with rabbit anti-(rat erythrocyte) serum (8ml) for 30min at 37°C. The cells were then washed with Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate medium (1.3 mMCa2+), pH7.4, containing 0.1 % (w/v) bovine serum albumin and homogenized in a volume of approx. 200ml, by using a Polytron (P. T. 10 type "OD") instrument on no. 7 setting for 6 x 20s at 4°C. Immunoadsorbents and non-immune adsorbents were prepared by coupling the appropriate sheep immunoglobulin G (IgG) to aminocellulose as described by Luzio


ABSTRACT In our current historical moment, marked by increasing technological mediation of human communication, this essay investigates the relationship between, and effects of, technological mediation on intersubjective intentionality and moral consciousness. Beginning with an explication of the phenomenological concept of intersubjective intentionality as a key component in the structure of moral consciousness, this essay then investigates how media ecology can provide insight to the effects of technological mediation and digital communication technologies on our intersubjective relationships and our moral experiences.


e21503 Background: Historically, GISTs were often misdiagnosed as other tumours. However, with the increasing awareness of GISTs, one needs to be careful in confirming the diagnosis since other tumours can simulate GISTs on endoscopy/imaging/histology. We report our 8 year experience of GIST mimics from the CGSG database. Methods: 250 cases discussed in the specialist multidisciplinary meeting from 2004 – 2012 were reviewed. Tumours initially suspected to be GISTs but turned out to be other tumours were included in this analysis. Patient demographics, endoscopic, imaging and histological features were analysed in 41 GIST mimics. Central review by specialist histopathologist was undertaken with immunohistochemical and molecular analysis to differentiate these tumours from GISTs. Results: GIST mimics N= 41. Median age 56 years (range 11 – 82 years), male:female ratio 1:1. Median size 8 cm (range 1.9 – 30 cm). Site of origin of tumours: stomach 34%, oesophagus/junction 15%, mesentery 12%, small bowel 10%, co...


First-order ✷ The classical first-order computation scheme [1], see Fig. 2, fits entirely in a standard local continuum mechanics framework. ✷ Valuable tool in retrieving the macroscopic mechanical response of non-linear multi-phase materials. ✷ However, the applicability is generally restricted to cases where the characteristic size of the material microstructure is negligible with respect to the spatial variations of the macroscopic deformation field.


This paper focuses on employing the AutoKeras neural architecture search tool and Automatic Machine Learning (AutoML) methods to find an optimal gaze estimation system. The Network Architecture Search (NAS) means automatically tuning already existing deep neural network configurations using a dataset of interest. The algorithm will search in the architectural space for a better neural model along with its optimized parameters. In the paper context, an AutoML solution will perform similarly, but using just 'pure' ML models. Considering "Appearance-based Gaze Estimation in the Wild" (MPIIGaze) and "Columbia Gaze Data Set" (CAVE) datasets, the experiments showed results comparable to those of with manually designed models.


The experiment with random blocks was conducted to study the regulating effects of different exogenous agents on the growth,development,yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco.The results showed that the growth rate of upper leaves,the area of upper leaves and whole plant leaf were promoted,the IAA content changed drastically after spaying preparations.The chlorophyll content and SOD activity decreased,MDA content increased,the quality of chemical components and tobacco leaf usability was improved at the late stage.


The elastic behaviour of a bimaterial interface with interfacial cracks, misfit dislocations and interfacial thermal stresses can be described in a simple manner by using the com posite parameters α and β, and the effective modulus of elasticity E*, assuming a plane deformation of ideally bonded isotropic materials. A coefficient KT for the thermally in duced stress intensity at the interface serves as a measure of the mechanical compatibility of two bonded materials. An examination of these parameters for many composite materials shows that the values of the composite parameters α and β are limited to a nar row range and that the material transition can be classified into six groups with regard to their mechanical compatibility.


OBJECTIVE
The objective of this study is to present dynamic changes within the population over 65 years of age who are covered by the Mexican Institute of Social Security (MISS), through morbidity and mortality analysis, during the last 6 and 10 years respectively.

MATERIAL AND METHODS
Based on data from the Epidemiologic Bulletins from 1990 to 1995 and from 1985 to 1994, the morbidity and mortality rates, respectively, were calculated for the Mexican population over 65 who are covered by the MISS. Incidence of diseases was used as a measure of occurrence and the ratio of morbidity and mortality rates was calculated as the measure of effect.

RESULTS
An epidemiological transition exists, with a tendency towards aging among this population. In terms of morbidity, infectious and chronic diseases coexist; as for mortality, chronic-degenerative diseases predominate.

CONCLUSIONS
This represents a challenge for health care within institutional services, as this population group begins to compete with other priority groups and emergency needs. Epidemiological surveillance and research is essential to support decision-making.


Abstract During the nineteenth century, the Muslim Mediterranean became a locus of competing imperial projects led by the Ottomans and European powers. This article examines how the migration of people and ideas across North Africa and Asia complicated processes of imperial consolidation and exposed the ways in which North Africa, Europe, and Asia were connected through trans-imperial influences that often undermined the jurisdictional sovereignty of imperial states. It demonstrates that cross-border migrations and cultural transfers both frustrated and abetted imperial projects while allowing for the imagining of new types of solidarities that transcended national and imperial categorizations. In analysing these factors, this article argues for a rethinking of the metropole–periphery relationship by highlighting the important role print and trans-imperial networks played in shaping the Mediterranean region.


The bachelors thesis is focused on fairy tale by Vladislav Vancura called Kubula and Kuba Kubikula. It is divided into two parts. The first part is related to the theory of fairy tale and its criticism going back to beginning of 20ct. The practical part gives analysis of the fairy tale and comparison with the needs of contemporary critics.


Places development of this fraternal mutual association within historical and cultural context and at the intersection of commerce, community, civility and charity. Draws on oral testimony. Analysis of material culture supported by illustrations. UK-focus but wuth some material on Australia.


cause, as of 2009, single women—here taken to mean never married, as well as separated, divorced, or widowed—outnumber married women. Twenty-seven is now the median age of first marriage for women (even higher in cities); this is up from the reliably stable twenty to twenty-two that held from 1890 to 1980. "Even more striking," Traister notes, is the twelve-percentage-point rise in less than a decade of never-married adults under thirty-four: 46 percent. There were 3.9 million more single adult women in 2014 than there were in 2010. Single Ladies is chock-full of such statistics, many of them mind-blowing. And yet, single women are nothing new. As Traister painstakingly shows, unmarried T here has been a surge in recent years of books that focus on the female lived experience, or perhaps the feminist experience. Journalists are synthesizing for a popular audience what historians have long known: Free women make their way in the world, availing themselves of new technologies and economic opportunities as they go. Girls—they're just like us! Rebecca Traister's new book, All the Single Ladies: Unmarried Women and the Rise of an Independent Nation, is the best of the bunch. Taken in the aggregate, it is a political, legal, economic, social, sexual, and cultural history of the unattached American woman. The book comes at an opportune time; in 2016, for the first time in history, a majority of female vot-


The poems are by five of Chopin's compatriots and all five poets were his immediate contemporaries. They, like him, were exiled from Poland. Their poetry is full of a nostalgic worship of an idealized Poland and it fostered the spirit of the loyal and bereaved exiles from that unfortunate country, exiles who assembled in the various capitals of Europe, chiefly in Paris, creating wherever they went a society that was, in miniature, Poland. Eleven of Chopin's poems are by Stefan Witwicki (18001847), a poet with a modest lyrical gift, but a minor figure in Polish literature. Of all the five poets, he was most intimate with the composer, and fully appreciated his fellow-countryman's genius. He died in Rome of a spinal disease two years before Chopin. The songs of the ChopinWitwicki partnership, with their dates of composition, are given below, with, if necessary, the literal English meaning of the title; the English and German titles of the standard editions of the songs are subjoined. These details will also be given in the songs to words by the other four poets.


Examples disclosed herein provide a stand to support a device in a plurality of viewing angles. The stand can include a first portion, including a power source, and a second portion pivotally attached to the first portion and detachably coupled to a sidewall of the device.


Corrections to chain ideality have been demonstrated recently for polymer melts in the bulk and in ultrathin films. It has been shown that the effect of incomplete screening is stronger in the latter. We show here that the deviation from ideality is even stronger in thin capillaries. Describing the crossover from the free bulk to the confined regime as the radius of the capillary decreases below the typical coil radius we make connection to the so far disconnected work by Brochard and de Gennes (J. Phys. (Paris), Lett., 40 (1979) 399) predicting chain segregation in very thin capillaries. Due to the generalized Porod scattering of the segregated chains, the Kratky representation of the intrachain structure factor reveals a plateau for all regimes although the chains become swollen with increasing confinement.


Some of Calderon de la Barca's sacramental plays were premiered in Toledo, but they were never performed inside the Cathedral, as in the previous centuries. On the contrary, they were shown on a stage in the city square, opposite the town hall building. A few years earlier, between 1614 and 1617, and after an intense debate, the Cathedral canons had decided to break the tradition and expel the plays from inside the temple. This fact is not just an anecdote; it reflects an interesting change in mentalities and in the way in which religiousness and feasts were now understood. The plays were an essential element in the Feast of Corpus Christi; nevertheless, in the 17th century, religious spaces were no longer considered appropiate. Those plays were definitely forbidden in the 18th century.


Since 1995, we have been developing web search engine Mondou using data mining techniques (http://www.kuamp.kyoto-u.ac.jp/labs/ infocom/mondou/index―e.html) in order to discover the helpful information for web search operations. In our previous works, we focus on the computing cost to derive associative keywords, we propose the method to determine system parameters, such as Minsup and Minconf threshold values. Moreover we evaluate the ROC performance of derived keywords by weighted association algorithms. In this paper, we try to implement two kinds of Java applets in our Mondou system, such as ROC graph for selecting associative keywords and documents clustering. This visual interface shows characteristics of associative rules on the ROC graph with the Minsup values. It also provides the function of document clustering in order to visualize retrieved documents.


One explanation of the phenomena associated to the behavior of electrons con- fined in a periodic lattice is proposed in this paper. The dynamics of the elec- trons can be determined more precisely using the mass effective approximation. We will carry this out using the Hartree-Fock-Roothaan method by emphasizing its usefulness in typical systems which requires this model for these calculations. An explanation and direct application of this method to a specific physics prob- lem is show in this paper.


As an important force of China's political arena in early 20th century,the constitutionalists seriously had an effect on China's political situation.Before the outbreak of the 1911 revolution,the constitutionalists launched and led to constitutional movement in order to achieve constitutional monarchy in the country.However,as the constitutionalists felt despaired to the qing administration and changes of china's political situation,eventually they turned to the revolutionary,cooperated with the revolutionary and run to the revolution.


A Structure of a system is usually described as same as an architecture, but they are basically different. The architecture has a broader meaning than a system structure. In other words, an architecture can include many of system structures. So, to define the architecture, we need to consider how functions of a system are consisted and integrated. The architecture defined is applicable to railway safety management systems, and it can be made as a new model for railway safety systems, which is useful to systematize railway safety regulations. To establish the architecture as applicable to railway safety regulations, it is required to compare between regulation relations by analyzing roles before/after executing railway safety regulations. Therefore, in this research, we reviewed and classified different types of regulation conditions and safety requirements for railway systems and a variety of conditions before/after railway safety regulations changes are compared by defining system architectures subject to National railway safety.


The present invention relates to enhancing cellular immunity composition containing an effective amount of a poly -γ- glutamic acid, and even more detail induce Th1 cellular immunity enhancing through TLR receptor, to enhance antigen presentation activity relates to improving cellular immunity for compositions containing poly -γ- glutamic acid which has the effect of sustaining the enhanced activity. Composition comprising poly -γ- glutamic acid according to the present invention as an active ingredient toxicity and almost no side effects, viral and bacterial infections, they are added to human or animal for the prophylaxis and therapeutic vaccines, against cancer cells there is an effect that can indicate sex enhancing immunity.


Luminescence of Lanthanide Ions in Coordination Compounds and Nanomaterials presents an overview of luminescent lanthanide complexes from fundamental theory to applications and spectroscopic techniques. The book begins with an introduction to the basic theoretical and practical aspects of the emission process, the spectroscopic techniques and the equipment used to characterize the emission. Subsequent chapters introduce a variety of different phenomena and applications, including:


Enterostomy is to resect the diseased intestinal tract through surgery, free a section of normal intestinal tract, sew its opening on the abdominal wall, communicate with the intestinal tract, and use it to excrete metabolic waste in the intestinal tract. It is a common surgical method for cancer, which can save and prolong the life of patients. Intestinal stoma patients not only bring inconvenience to life, but also have physical and psychological problems such as depression, anxiety, insomnia, fatigue, and dyspnea, which seriously affect normal social activities. Therefore, attention should be paid to both physical and mental care of stoma patients. Family resilience refers to the support of family members to help patients get out of the plight of illness. Dual support and coping theory refers to the mutual support between patients and their main caregivers to achieve a stable relationship between family members and to jointly cope with the disease process. Quality of life is especially important. This article reviews the psychological characteristics of patients with enterostomy based on family resilience and dual support coping, aiming to provide reliable theoretical knowledge and nursing programs for postoperative physical and mental recovery of patients with enterostomy.


Based on the single fiber representative volume element of fiber reinforced composites,the single fiber pull-out test of fiberglass/cement composites were numerically simulated by using finite element code ANSYS and considering different embedment length.According to experimental data of fiberglass/cement composites,the numerical simulation is reasonable.The effect of graft on the single fiber pull-out of the composite was discussed.Moreover,based on the results of micro-experiments for fiber/matrix interfaces,the single fiber pull-out tests of fiberglass/cement composites were numerically simulated by using finite element code ANSYS and the method of element birth and death.The load-displacement curves were obtained for perfectly bonded interfaces and non-perfectly bonded interfaces.The influences of smooth and rough epoxy graft on the interfacial shear strengh of fiberglass/cement composites were discussed,compared with no graft,the interfacial shear strength results indicated that the smooth epoxy graft improves by 30% and the rough grafted epoxy resin improves by 90%.The results show that epoxy graft not only has good interfacial combination,but also has good mechanical embed effects.


Subjective feelings of 272 dental clinic patients who were awaiting examination were evaluated. Their anxiety exceeded that of a resting student group but was less than that of patients awaiting psychiatric evaluation. Past and present anxieties experienced in the dental office were related, but no relationship was found between recollections of pain suffered in dental procedures and present anxiety.


Chemically modified [Ru(NH3)6]3+ doped Nafion® thin film was fabricated on indium tin oxide (ITO) coated glass electrodes by using the drop-coating method to detect heavy metal ions of Pb(II) in de-ionized water analyte solution via anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV). This study also determined the effect of varying the concentration of the mediator ([Ru(NH3)6]3+) on the detection of the said heavy metals. The redox mediator Ru(NH3)6]3+ used in the study was effectively incorporated and immobilized within the Nafion modified electrodes. Lead concentration in the electrolyte solution and the concentration of the redox mediator was varied to control the properties of the fabricated electrodes which utilized for heavy metal detection through ASV. The conducting properties of ITO electrodes were enhanced with the deposition of Nafion® attaining minimal interference. The stripping current peaks increased with the concentration of the heavy metal present in the solution as well as with the mediator concentration.


ackflush Costing (BC) has been made in response to the advances and innovations of production. The approach that is called backflush accounting (BA) has developed in response to the requirements of JIT manufacturing environment. The most important point to understand Backflush Costing and accounting is that there is no continuous tracking system. Backflush Costing which is also called Delayed or Post Deduct Costing is one of the simplest methods of cost accumulation that is used by companies that have adopted the JIT system. However, the JIT is not just a technique or techniques for accumulating cost and has broader philosophy that focuses on continuous simplification and reduction of loss and waste in all levels of the institution's activities and one of the goals of this system is zero ending inventories. The new costing system which is connected with the aim of responding to the requirements of JIT production system is called backflush costing.


Single doses of aspirin induce scattered foci of necrosis of proximal tubules in some strains of rats, whereas acute or sub-acute administration of phenylbutazone causes renal papillary necrosis. Initially, using Sprague-Dawley rats of CFY and CD strains, it became clear that these rats were not as susceptible to these drugs as the literature suggested. Aspirin-induced necrosis was apparently sex-related, being seen in females but could be induced by hormone treatment in males. Male Wistar and Sprague-Dawley rats had reacted differently to administration of phenylbutazone for two weeks. Two experiments were performed with four rat strains: Wistar, Lister-Hooded, Sprague-Dawley, and Fischer-344. The rats were six weeks old at the start of the experiments. Five males and five females of each strain were gavaged with either a single dose of 1,000 mg/kg of aspirin or 200 mg/kg phenylbutazone once daily for four weeks. The drugs were suspended in methylcellulose, which was given to equal numbers of control male and female rats in each experiment. The rats were maintained under standard conditions. Blood and 18-hour overnight urine samples were collected prior to sacrifice. There were no strain-related differences in the types of renal lesions seen, however there were differences in the degrees of responses to the two drugs. With aspirin the female Fischer-344 rats were the most susceptible showing necrosis of proximal tubules of both kidneys and markedly elevated urinary protein concentration and gamma-GT activity. Other females showed less change. Male rats were affected only slightly and males of the Wistar strain were not. Thus, the greater susceptibility of female rats to aspirin-induced nephrotoxicity was confirmed. Phenylbutazone killed two female and one male Wistar rats with gastrointestinal ulceration after three doses. Fischer-344 rats also showed reaction to the drug. For these two strains the dosage was reduced to 50 mg/kg/day for the remainder of the study. At the end of the dosing period one or more rats from each strain showed renal papillary necrosis. Thus, strain differences occurred in the susceptibility of the rats to phenylbutazone but this was not seen in the nephrotoxicity profiles.


The utility model discloses a retractable transportation tape system of a semi-continuous rock excavation process. The retractable transportation tape system comprises a transportation tape (1) and a tape protector; the protector comprises a track (2) mounted on one side, close to a blasting site, of the transportation tape (1), a cambered baffle plate (3) for protecting the transportation tape (1) from being damaged by flying stone, a roller (4) for moving the cambered baffle plate (3) and a driving motor (6) for driving the roller (4) to move; the cambered baffle plate (3) is movably connected with the track (2) by use of the roller (4); the output shaft of the driving motor (6) is connected with the roller (4). The movable cambered baffle plate is arranged on the side, close to the blasting site, of the transportation tape and can be moved to any position according to blasting and excavation requirements; in blasting, the cambered baffle plate is moved to the blasting position to prevent the flying stone generated by blasting from damaging the transportation tape; after blasting is completed, the cambered baffle plate is moved away to avoid influence on the normal excavation operation.


A new Cortinarius (subg. Phlegmacium) species is described from northern California. Cortinarius mikedavisii is a brightly colored bulbopodium in sect. . Phylogenetically it belongs in the /cupreorufus clade.


Aim. Information about the resource potential of apple trees that are growing in the Botanical Garden named afterVs. M. Krutovsky in a suburban area of Krasnoyarsk was given. Garden collection was of great interest to study, especially the characteristics of fruiting crabapple in conditions of Siberia. Vs. M. Krutovsky had developed a method of growing trees in trailing "Arctic" form and applied it since 1905. The study had been conducted in order to compare the productivity of Apple trees growing in creeping and open forms. Materials and Methods. The collection of Apple trees represented by 39 cultivars of Russian and foreign breeding. Apple tree grew in creeping and open (natively, without clipping the Crown) forms. Trees of those cultivars adapted to the conditions of Siberia and over the past 30 years, creeping apple trees had a height of 1.0–1.5 m, the open forms — he height of 3–5 meters, many of them did not freeze without Crown formation. To compare, the winter cultivar Bismarck and summer ones — Grushovka moskovskaya, Zolotoy ship, Papirovka were taken. Yield trees and fruit weight had been analyzed. Results. Trees of cultivar Bismarck differed by the greatest yield and larger fruits at cultivation of both creeping and open forms. Fruit weight was the following: trees cultivar Bismarck — 110.8g, Grushovka moskovskaya — 59.7 g, Zolotoy ship — 57.9 g, Papirovka — 85.2 g. Apple trees growing in open form formed more fruits than lay forms. Excess was amounted to 50.6%. Conclusions. In order to enhance the ability of the appropriate resource it was necessary to grow trees of that cultivars in an open form in the suburban area of Krasnoyarsk.


g-C3N4/TiO2 nanocomposites seem to be promising materials for photocatalytic reductive applications such as water splitting and CO2 reduction. The g-C3N4 is known as a metal-free semiconductor exhibiting a high reductive conduction band (CB) (-1.3 V vs. NHE) and visible light absorption (Eg =2.7 eV), while TiO2 is the most popular photocatalyst. However, both semiconductors show high electron/hole recombination, and in the case of TiO2, lack of visible light absorption. Both problems could be overcome by designing type II heterojunctions or a direct Z-scheme between g-C3N4 and TiO2. These strategies make these composites suitable for CO2 photocatalytic reduction and solar fuel production. Herein, the main aspects related to photocatalytic CO2 reduction in aqueous media to obtain solar fuels such as methane and methanol, synthesis of g-C3N4/TiO2 nanocomposites, and their reactivity will be addressed and reviewed.


It is pointed out that the construction of college student societies with the people-oriented principle should be in harmony with four things: the development of the school,the cultivation of college students' innovation ability,the construction of campus culture,and the development of the societies themselves.Specific measures to promote the construction of harmonious college student societies are put forward.


Driven by an eccentric mass through a two-layered cantilevered plectrum, the electromagnetic energy harvester (EEH) can convert low-frequency mechanical vibrations into continuous uni-directional rotation. To optimize the performance of the EEH, electromagnetic analysis of the EEH was conducted. Three-phase winding permanent magnet (PM) topology was employed, and combinations of different coils and magnet pole numbers were designed. Then, the finite element method (FEM) was applied to analyze the influence of the combinations of the coils and pole numbers as well as the PM dimensions on the three-phase induced voltage. Prototypes with different configurations were fabricated and the analysis effectiveness was confirmed. Furthermore, different types of stator yokes were designed to enhance the magnetic field. Compared to the original prototype, the output voltage of the optimal prototype increased by 0.5 V with the same rotation speed, and the harmonic components were sufficiently low. Then, experiments with excitation by linear reciprocating motions and swing motions were conducted. Under different exciting conditions, the optimal prototype can also induce the highest voltage amplitude. With an increase in the weight of the eccentric mass, a long duration can be reached that lasts up to 12 s. In summary, the proposed optimization can achieve a high-efficiency and high-power density EEH.


Alone with the backlight unit is disclosed for graphic display. It disclosed a backlight unit comprises at least one light source; At least one input coupler; A light guide plate that guides light; Graphic element in a first hole in the first surface of the light guide plate; And a graphic element a second hole in a second surface of the light guide panel, wherein the input coupler is configured to the first illuminated uniformly on the graphical element alone with the light emitted from the light source through the light guide plate, the light guide plate is configured to pass the light without total reflection at the inside in the graphical elements of the first hole, the graphics element alone with the first is parallel to the light beam, and the second and hole direction switch to the graphic element, the second holographic element emits the light out of the light guide plate.


The text of Panagiotis Kimourtzis is a transcription of a speech concerning the 20th anniversary of the creation of School of Humanities of University of the Aegean (Greece) (full text on Greek)


The purpose of the present invention is to provide a heat storage material capable of preventing overcooling. This heat storage material has an aqueous solution that contains a tetraalkyl ammonium salt, a heat storage substance that reversibly changes into a clathrate hydrate containing the tetraalkyl ammonium salt as a guest molecule, and an alum, which is added to the aqueous solution that contains a tetraalkyl ammonium salt. In addition, tetrabutyl ammonium bromide is used as the tetraalkyl ammonium salt. In addition, potassium alum or ammonium alum is used as the alum.


Employee mental health is the study dealing with mind and behaviour of a job holder, and how the individual sense of dealing with life and work affects their responses and reactions to the situations put forth on a daily basis. The study aims to classify employee behaviour in a predictable pattern so that the framework can come in handy to identify the behaviour of an individual employee. This research scrutinizes the circadian cycle of psychology of a working woman, effectuated by the daily work and life routine. The article also mentions the explanations and reasons, both observatory and psychological, of how and why a working woman is affected both externally and internally due to work-life balance. This study contributes towards placing emphasis on the behavioural patterns of a working woman, how to deal with the work-life balance struggles and how to influence/reinforce satisfaction in themselves and fellow comrades.


Abstract Objective: The Assimilation model argues that therapists should work responsively within the client's therapeutic zone of proximal development (TZPD). This study analyzed the association between the collaborative processes assessed by the Therapeutic Collaboration Coding System (TCCS) and advances in assimilation, as assessed by the Assimilation of Problematic Experiences Scale (APES). Method: Sessions 1, 4, 8, 12, and 16 of two contrasting cases, Julia and Afonso (pseudonyms), drawn from a clinical trial of 16-sessions emotion-focused therapy (EFT) for depression, were coded according to the APES and the TCCS. Julia met criteria for reliable and clinically significant improvement, whereas Afonso did not. Results: As expected, Julia advanced farther along the APES than did Afonso. Both therapists worked mainly within their client's TZPD. However, Julia's therapist used a balance of supporting and challenging interventions, whereas Afonso's therapist used mainly supporting interventions. Setbacks were common in both cases. Conclusions: This study supports the theoretical expectation that EFT therapists work mainly within their client's TZPD. Therapeutic exchanges involving challenging interventions may foster client change if they occur in an overall climate of safety.


This Paper Introduce a design technique of distributary and call system,The PC replace control host computer of distributary and call,the call terminal consists of AT89C51 SCM system,the call terminal has LCD and keyboard,it form a honistic system That the RXD pin and TXD pin of SCM connects with RS232 communication port of control host computer.


A new expression of the panorama of pansystems relativity is stated. Some modes and related principles or applications are developed. Concrete contents include: new forms of the framework 784e of pansystems theory and its connections with relativity. The paper introduces eight classes of relativity topics, and further research presents many new models of pansystems relativity such as: 23456R, super‐23456R, SSOS, SOMERQ, pansystems dialectics, clustering quotient, field‐net, meta‐topology, image‐boundary, cognition and practice, thinking experiment, etc. These modes present some new understanding to systems, society, methodology, epistemology, wisdom, psychology, hi‐tech, paradox, anthropology, ego, literature, arts, poetics and aesthetics, etc. There are 60 or more related references listed in the paper.


Cardiovascular Disease is the world's number one killing disease. About 30% of annual worldwide deaths are cause by this disease.Up to 80% of all heart attacks occur in people with normal cholesterolIn 25% of adults, the first sign of heart disease is sudden death from a myocardial infarction. Homocystiene is a sulfur containing non essential amino acid.It is not found in diet and so obtained by conversion of dietary methionine in the body.In the last decade, increasing recognition that approx. 1/3 rd of patients Coronary Artery Disease lack conventional risk factors. This has led to search for additional new risk factors that may predispose the individual to coronary artery disease. Dr Kilmer McCully, a researcher who graduated from Harvard Medical School in the mid-1960s and came up with the hypothesis that moderate elevations of homocysteine could lead to heart attacks and strokes.It was the time that the cholesterol-heart-attack theory was gaining tremendous momentum and Mc Cully's hypothesis clearly challenged its future. He found himself moved down to the basement, funding for his research dried up and he was eventually asked to leave Harvard.Prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia is not insignificant:general population: 5 - 10%  elderly population: 30 - 40% , pts with vascular disease: 20 - 40%.


Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a highly infectious disease with a potential for healthcare workers (HCWs) getting infected due to inadequate protection while attending to patients Effective use of personal protective equipment (PPE) is key to mitigating the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection in healthcare settings Hence, there is a need to understand HCWs' use of PPE in resource-limited settings and how closely the currently recommended guidelines for PPE are followed This study assessed the HCWs' knowledge about, attitudes towards, beliefs on, and use of PPE to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection in a resource-limited setting Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in April 2020 in Southwest and Northwest Nigeria The selection of participants was performed via the snowball sampling technique using a 33-item, web-based, self-administered questionnaire via a social media network We obtained relevant sociodemographic data and information on participants' occupations and knowledge about, attitudes towards, beliefs on, and use of PPE We analysed the data using SPSS version 23 0 for Windows (IBM, Armonk, New York, USA) Apvalues Results A total of 290 subjects responded to the questionnaire, and 18 (6 2%) were excluded because of incomplete data The mean age of the respondents was 32 3 +/- 9 9 years There were 116 males (42 6%) The majority of the respondents were medical doctors (114, 41 9%), followed by nurses and clinical students Of the 272 respondents in this survey, only 70 (25 7%) had adequate knowledge about PPE Of the respondents who presumed they had adequate knowledge about donning and doffing PPE, 94 (56%) were incorrect The predictors of good knowledge were ages younger than 45 years (p=0 046) and practice location (p=0 009) Conclusion This study showed that HCWs' knowledge about, attitudes towards, and beliefs on PPE and their PPE skill in practice in Nigeria were remarkably poor There is an urgent need for nationwide practical training on PPE use to curtail the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection among HCWs


BACKGROUND
Lotus seedpods is the agricultural by-products of lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.), which is widely cultivated in Southeast Asia and Australia. Most of lotus seedpods are considered wastes which are abandoned and incinerated, resulting in significant waste of resources and heavy environmental pollution. For recycling lotus seedpods, the extraction optimization, physicochemical properties, antioxidant activity and α-glucosidase inhibitory effect of the contained polysaccharides were firstly investigated in the present study.

RESULTS
Hot water extraction of lotus seedpod polysaccharides was optimized by using a response surface methodology combined with a Box-Behnken design, and the optimum conditions were as follows: a liquid-solid ratio of 25.0 mL g-1 , an extraction temperature of 98.0 °C, and an extraction time of 138.0 min. Under these conditions, an experimental yield of 5.88±0.06% was obtained. Physicochemical analyses suggested that lotus seedpod polysaccharides belong to acidic heteropolysaccharides and are principally composed of rhamnose, arabinose, galactose, glucose, mannose and galacturonic acid. The polysaccharide has a broad molecular weight distribution (2.15×105 to 1.77×107 Da), an α-configuration and mainly possesses smooth and sheet-like structures. Biological evaluations showed that the polysaccharide possessed good scavenging activity on 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrozyl and hydroxyl radicals, and exerted obvious inhibitory effect on α-glucosidase activity. Moreover, the polysaccharide was determined to be a mixed-type noncompetitive inhibitor of α-glucosidase.

CONCLUSION
These results indicated that lotus seedpod polysaccharides have potentials as natural antioxidants and hypoglycaemic substitutes. This study provides the theoretical bases for the exploitation and application of polysaccharides from the by-product resources lotus seedpod. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


Euseius sojaensis(Ehara)(Acari: Phytoseiidae)is an effective indigenous natural enemy of Aculops pelekassi(Keifer)(Acari: Eriophyidae). However, dithiocarbamates, which are seriously harmful to E. sojaensis, are usually applied in commercial citrus orchards in June when the density of this phytoseiid mite peaks. In this study, we examined the suppressive effect of the E. sojaensis release on A. pelekassi in conservation control by using selective pesticides until late June. In the E. sojaensis release plot, phytoseiid populations were larger, A. pelekassi populations were smaller, and the rate of fruit injury was lower than those in the no-release plot; these differences were significant in some years. Many phytoseiid mites were observed in conservation-control orchards, with E. sojaensis being the dominant species; however, only a few phytoseiids occurred in conventional-control orchards. These results suggest that E. sojaensis was conserved by using selective pesticides and the initial density of A. pelekassi was reduced by this phytoseiid mite. However, it is difficult to control fruit injury only by conserving E. sojaensis, because it generally disappears after July. Therefore, we should study the possibilities for enhancement of E. sojaensis populations from summer onwards for sustainable biological control of A. pelekassi.


The purpose of this paper is to explore some issues and implications regarding the design of economic policies which derive from incorporating related to a society's process of knowledge accumulation associated with an analysis of the relationship between economic growth and the level and composition of investment in knowledge. The paper develops a model which serves as an analytical frame to study the relationship between economic growth and knowledge and to examine the mechanism through which policies may alter the process of knowledge accumulation. It is concluded that the impact of the policies oriented to promote investment in human capital and technological research and development activities depends crucially on the characteristics of the knowledge generated. The policies to support education and technological research should: promote the development of the capacity to absorb new knowledge; maintain an equilibrium between specialization and flexibility; and, explicitly incorporate aspects rel


Objective The aim of this study is to determine whether the urogenital septum (URS) fuses with the cloacal membrane (CM) in humans.Methods One hundred and eight human embryos were harvested at the time of cloacal developmental. i.e. between the 3rd and 8th week of gestation. The embryos were sectioned sagittally and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&.E).The relevant structures including cloaca and URS were evaluated in a temporospatial sequence. Results From the 4th to 6th week, the URS separated the cloaca into the urogenital sinus and the hindgut. Subsequently, this septum extended in the direction of CM. The fusion of the URS and dorsal CM were never observed before the anorectum communicated with exterior at the 7th week.During the 8th week, the URS fuses with the ventral CM and formation of the urethral tube involves septation of the urethral plate by continued growth of the URS. Conclusions These data suggested that the dorsal and ventral urogenital sinus are involved in the development of urogenital and anorectum systems respectively.

Key words:
Cloacal;  Embryonic development


Teams of Master Gardener Coordinators, Agents and Specialists from Georgia, Alabama and South Carolina met and pooled their resources to develop an advanced training for Master Gardeners (MGs) on urban water issues. MGs receive home horticulture training and in return, they 'pay back' local University Extension Agents through volunteerism, often dealing directly with home owners. Home owners have a significant impact on both water quality and quantity in urban watersheds. Though many aspects of this impact are dealt with in traditional MG training (pesticide and fertilizer use, yard waste disposal, home irrigation, etc.) the goal of this training was to expand their understanding beyond the yard, to local streams and ultimately to the watershed. The objectives were to: • Create an advanced training in water issues curriculum. • Expand the knowledge of MGs from the home landscape beyond the boundaries of county and state to the watershed. • Team-teach the course in Alabama, Georgia, and South Carolina using internet education technology.


Antibiotic overuse and misuse in primary care are common, highlighting the importance of antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) efforts in this setting. Audit and feedback (A&F) interventions can improve professional practice and performance in some settings.

 To leverage the expertise from international members of the Joint Programming Initiative on Antimicrobial Resistance – Primary care Antibiotic Audit and feedback Network (JPIAMR-PAAN). Network members all have experience of designing and delivering A&F interventions to reduce inappropriate antibiotic prescribing in primary care settings. We aim to introduce the network and explore ongoing A&F activities in member regions. An online survey was administered to all network members to collect regional information.

 Fifteen respondents from 11 countries provided information on A&F activities in their country, and national/regional antibiotic stewardship programmes or policies. Most countries use electronic medical records as the primary data source, antibiotic appropriateness as the main outcome of feedback, and target GPs as the prescribers of interest. Funding sources varied across countries, which could influence the frequency and quality of A&F interventions. Nine out of 11 countries reported having a national antibiotic stewardship programme or policy, which aim to provide systematic support to ongoing AMS efforts and aid sustainability.

 The survey identified gaps and opportunities for AMS efforts that include A&F across member countries in Europe, Canada and Australia. JPIAMR-PAAN will continue to leverage its members to produce best practice resources and toolkits for antibiotic A&F interventions in primary care settings and identify research priorities.


This study has attempted to find out the effects of Thai massage on lower leg edema,body composition, and blood amongst women in their 20s living in...


An educational set-up for cosmic ray physics experiments is described. The detector is based on scintillator tiles with a readout through metal resistor semiconductor (MRS) avalanche photo diode (APD) arrays. Typical measurements of the cosmic angular distribution at sea level and a study of the East–West asymmetry obtained by such a device are reported.


A two-enzyme cascade reaction plus in situ oxidative decarboxylation for the transformation of readily available canonical and non-canonical L-α-amino acids into 2-substituted 3-hydroxy-carboxylic acid derivatives is described. The biocatalytic cascade consisted of an oxidative deamination of L-α-amino acids by an L-α-amino acid deaminase from Cosenzaea myxofaciens, rendering 2-oxoacid intermediates, with an ensuing aldol addition reaction to formaldehyde, catalyzed by metal-dependent (R)- or (S)-selective carboligases namely 2-oxo-3-deoxy-l-rhamnonate aldolase (YfaU) and ketopantoate hydroxymethyltransferase (KPHMT), respectively, furnishing 3-substituted 4-hydroxy-2-oxoacids. The overall substrate conversion was optimized by balancing biocatalyst loading and amino acid and formaldehyde concentrations, yielding 36–98% aldol adduct formation and 91– 98% ee for each enantiomer. Subsequent in situ follow-up chemistry via hydrogen peroxide-driven oxidative decarboxylation afforded the corresponding 2-substituted 3-hydroxycarboxylic acid derivatives.


Efficiency of horticultural research could be enhanced by a) eliminating low-powered experiments and b) using customized designs that wed the resources at hand more closely with the desired experimental objectives. A strategy for customizing designs can be invaluable as part of a broader strategy of sequential research planning that could improve the total efficiency of a researcher's effort. Calculation of power of the test and evaluation of designs augmented sequentially over time are exercises that have not been done by most researchers because of the labor and tedium involved. However, the same software familiar to many researchers during the data analysis phase of experimentation may be used as a tool to complete these and other research planning tasks.


Objective:To analyze the correlation between ambulatory blood pressure and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) by measuring and comparing CBP and ABPM of EH patients. Method: CBP and 24h ABP of 42 cases were measured by the mercury column baumanometer and ambulatory blood pressure monitor. The M-type Doppler echocardiography was used to examine their situation of LVH. Result: The CBP of EH patients was significantly higher than 24h ABP and day ambulatory blood pressure (DABP)(P0.001); there was no significant correlation between CBP and left ventricular mass index (LVMI)(P0.05). The 24h ABP, DABP, NABP, and blood pressure load had significant positive correlation with LVMI (P0.01~0.05). Conclusion: CBP is an essential method for diagnosing and grading of hypertension. The ABPM is applied to second order screen on the basis of causal blood pressure. It can elevate the dependability of diagnosis objectively, and avoid enforcing excessive depressurization therapy to unnecessary objective.


The aim of the study was to know breeding sources, distribution dynamics, species diversity and entomological indices of mosquito fauna to predict risk of vector borne disease (VBDs) transmission. Immature sampling sites were selected randomly. Houses were inspected for the presence of larval infestation, Immature were collected by dipping and pipetting method. Predominant breeding sources at Minicoy were found to be coconut shells, discarded plastic containers, open wells, discarded drainage tank, flower pot and earthen pot. Four vector and one non-vector species were collected during monsoon season such as Aedes (Aedes) alopictus (53.23%), Aedes (Aedes) aegypti (39.75%), Anopheles (Cellia) stephensi (1.75%), Culex (Culex) quinquefasciatus (5.25%) and Armigeres (Armigeres) subalbatus. Entomological indices such as House Index (HI), Container Index (CI), Breateu Index (BI) and Pupal Index (PI) showed high values such as 25.26, 4.8, 36.02 and 90.86 respectively during monsoon season. As a result of high level of BI risk of disease transmission is high in Minicoy Island. The entomological indices for Dengue vectors are high, hence stringent vector control measures needs to be implemented at Minicoy Island.


The Arsenal Football Academy is a place in the form of buildings and areas that are the center of activities that accommodate activities from early football training. The city of Palembang as one of the regions in South Sumatra Province has a high appreciation for football sports. Seen from the achievements in football sports. However, this achievement is not in line with the needs of existing facilities, there are still many facilities needed to accommodate soccer training activities so that this potential is maintained and developed for early footballers in South Sumatra and in Indonesia. Therefore, this Arenal Football is needed.
The formulation of the problem contained in the Jakabaring Palembang Football Academy is how to design the Football Academy so that it can accommodate football training activities at Jakabaring Palembang as well as How to design a Football Academy with efficiency in circulation inside the site and in zoning based on each activity. The application of the Concept of Contemporary Architecture is applied which is defined as the architecture created at this time and is dynamic in nature following the formation of the basic training building of the Arsenal Football Club Brand in England as an element of the concept of building formation. So as to create a building that characterizes the Arsenal Football Club brand with the application of building sites in the city of Palembang, Indonesia.


Diana Hicks' recent essayl provides a critique of co-citation bibliometric modelling as an information tool for science policy applications. The objective to examine the limitations of a quantitative method is entirely appropriate. Moreover, the essay raises a number of interesting questions about the testing and use of quantitative methods, particularly science mapping techniques, in science policy contexts. However, the arguments and assumptions on which the critique relies are seriously flawed. Beyond these problems, Hicks fails to ask the most pertinent questions about the technique she examines and about the use of quantitative methods for science policy purposes. Hicks' starting premise that there has been a paucity of critical discussion about possible policy uses of bibliometric models is well founded. Her general objective, to raise a critical debate about a quantitative method, is commendable. Such a debate is essential to the development of any research methodology, and perhaps particularly important for advancing understanding of the capabilities and limitations of one intended for use in policy situations. Too often the debate goes on outside of the open literature. Hicks is also correct in her observation that the methodological choices made in building bibliometric models, and the assumptions underlying analysts' interpretations of data from them, often have not been made explicit.2 A forthcoming paper addresses this problem and details the methodological nuances involved in building bibliometric models, and the types of interpretive uses that have been explored in national science policy contexts.3 The neglect of these issues by the producers and users of bibliometric models can be attributed in part to the economic competition in the


The invention relates to a pneumatic servo brake. The pneumatic servo brake comprises an engine piston (120) actuating a master cylinder (200) through an intermediate effect of a push rod (140), the push rod (140) being returned to a rest position by a retrun spring (150). The servo brake has a vibration damper (160) having a part made of an elastic material working compressively, of an overall parallelepipedic shape, with a length greater than the spacing of two coils of the spring (150) prior to its installation in the servo brake (100) and whose front and back faces (161, 162) are equipped with longitudinal slits (163, 164) penetrating the material mass of the damper (160) for engagement by way of those slits on the two coils of the return spring (150).


Environmental Context. The pathways by which arsenic is accumulated, biotransformed and transferred in aquatic ecosystems are relatively unknown. Examination of whole marine ecosystems rather than individual organisms provides greater insights into the biogeochemical cycling of arsenic. Rocky intertidal zones, which have a high abundance of organisms but low ecological diversity, are an important marine habitat. This study examines the cycling of arsenic within intertidal ecosystems to further understand its distribution and transfer. Abstract. The present study reports total arsenic and arsenic species in a short rocky intertidal marine food chain in NSW, Australia. Total mean arsenic concentrations increased up the food chain in the following order: 4 ± 2 µg g–1 in attached rock microalgae, 31 ± 14 µg g–1 in Bembicium nanum Lamarck, 45 ± 14 µg g–1 in Cellana tramoserica Sowerby, 58 ± 14 µg g–1 in Nerita atramentosa Reeve, 75 ± 15 µg g–1 in Austrocochlea constrica Lamarck (a herbivore) and 476 ± 285 µg g–1 in the carnivore Morula marginalba Blainville. Significant differences in arsenic concentrations of B. nanum, N. atramentosa and M. marginalba were found among locations and may be related to food availability, spawning or differences in age and/or size classes of individuals. Significant differences in arsenic concentrations were also found within locations among species, and increased in the order: rock microalgae < B. nanum < C. tramoserica < N. atramentosa < A. constricta < M. marginalba. Although small differences in total arsenic concentrations were found among locations for some gastropod species, arsenic species proportions were very consistent within gastropod species across locations. The majority of arsenic in Homosira banksii (macroalgae) was oxo-arsenoribosides, with thio-arsenoribosides making up ~10% of the total methanol–water extractable arsenic. The rock microalgae contained arsenobetaine (AB) (59 ± 5%) and arsenoribosides (36 ± 15%). The AB content of the herbivores B. nanum, N. atramentosa and A. constricta ranged from 71 to 95%, and that of the carnivore M. marginalba was 98%. Most gastropods contained thio-arsenosugars (up to 13 ± 3% of total extractable arsenic), with C. tramoserica containing higher proportions of thio-phosphate arsenoriboside (7 ± 2%) and lower proportions of AB (69 ± 4%). Glycerol trimethylarsonioribosides (1.4 ± 0.1%) were also found in most of the herbivorous gastropods. Oxo-dimethylarsinoylethanol (oxo-DMAE) was found in N. atramentosa (<1%).


Performance evaluation of enterprise MIS is a complex project involving many factors. Based on an analysis of the factors that affect the performance of enterprise MIS, this paper constructs a comprehensive index system for evaluating the performance of enterprise MIS. It also establishes a comprehensive evaluation model for MIS performance by applying the grey-fuzzy theory, and verifies the model's feasibility and practicality through case study.


We discuss an analysis pattern for invoice processing. The pattern describes events such as the creation and validation of an invoice, followed by the payment process. This pattern is composed of two simpler patterns that describe the creation and payment of the invoice, respectively. The composite pattern represents a minimum application so that it can be applied to a variety of situations and it can be combined with other related patterns to describe more complex applications. The component patterns have value of their own and can be used independently.


In order to solve the problem of reliability reduction caused by brushes in electrical variable transmission (EVT), a new structure permanent magnet induction cascaded brushless dual rotor machine (PMI-CBDRM) is proposed, which is used to replace the dual rotor machine in EVT. Firstly, this paper will introduce the structure and principle of PMI-CBDRM. The cascading asynchronous torque characteristic of PMI-CDRBM is analyzed by the equivalent circuit method. Compared with the finite element calculation results, the coincidence of results are good, and the correctness of the calculation model is verified. Moreover, the full-speed domain torque characteristics are analyzed, such as the cascaded asynchronous torque, doubly-fed synchronous torque, transient torque, etc. Finally, the feasibility of PMI-CBDRM in the dualmechanical port contactless torque transmission and speed regulation system is discussed.


// Yan Zheng 1, * , Xiu-Ling Li 1, * , Xiang-Dong Sun 1 , Bing-Yong Zhang 1 , Puja Gupta 2 , Albert J Wong 2 , Tian-Fang Li 3 and Shuang-Yin Han 1 1 Translational Research Center, People's Hospital of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China 2 Brain Tumor Research Laboratories, Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA 94305, USA 3 The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, P.R. China * These authors contribute equally to this work Correspondence to: Shuang-Yin Han, email: email@example.com Tian-Fang Li, email: firstname.lastname@example.com Keywords: chimeric antigen receptor; regulation; glioblastoma Received: July 14, 2017      Accepted: October 30, 2017      Published: January 02, 2018 ABSTRACT Adoptive immunotherapy using chimeric antigen receptors-modified T cells (CAR-T) is a promising approach for cancer treatment. However, CARs currently applied in the clinics cannot be effectively regulated and the safety of CAR-T cell therapies remains a major concern. To improve the safety of CAR-T cells, we designed a synthetic splitting CAR (ssCAR) that can regulate T cell functions exogenously. Here, ssCAR was constructed by splitting recognition and key signaling module into distinct parts, mimicking the natural dual signal input of T cell activation. These separated parts form heterodimer upon stimulation by a small molecule with subsequent activation of ssCAR-T cells. Epidermal growth factor receptor variant III (EGFRvIII), a tumor specific antigen highly expressed in glioblastoma and other human malignancies, was used as a molecular target for ssCAR. Our results indicate that both EGFRvIII and small molecule are needed for the activation of the ssCAR-T cells. AP21967 dose-dependently increased the expression of T cell activation marker CD69, production of cytokines IFN-γ and TNF-α, and extent of cell lysis. When co-cultured with EGFRvIII + U87 in the presence of 500 nM AP21967, ssCAR-T cells showed a significant increase in cytokine production and targeted cells killing capacity to a level comparable to conventional CAR. Increasing the duration of treatment induced a simultaneous up-regulation of apoptotic rate of tumor cells. In conclusion, the gene switch designed in this study allows for temporal and spatial control over engineered T cells in a dose-and time-dependent manner by AP21967. Our work demonstrates the feasibility and improved safety profile of this novel treatment approach.


We study the boundedness of -admissible sublinear singular operators on Orlicz-Morrey spaces . These conditions are satisfied by most of the operators in harmonic analysis, such as the Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator and Calderón-Zygmund singular integral operator.


We extend the classical Mercer theorem to reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces whose elements are functions from a measurable space $X$into $\mathbb C^n$. Given a finite measure $\mu$ on $X$, we represent the reproducing kernel $K$ as convergent series in terms of the eigenfunctions of a suitable compact operator depending on $K$ and $\mu$. Our result holds under the mild assumption that $K$ is measurable and the associated Hilbert space is separable. Furthermore, we show that $X$ has a natural second countable topology with respect to which the eigenfunctions are continuous and the series representing $K$ uniformly converges to $K$ on any compact subsets of $X\times X$, provided that the support of $\mu$ is $X$.


Abstract We prove the existence of a Lax pair for the Calogero Korteweg-de Vries (CKdV) equation. Moreover, we modify the T operator in the the Lax pair of the CKdV equation, in the search of a (2+1)-dimensional case and thereby propose a new equation in (2+1) dimensions. We named this the (2+1)-dimensional CKdV equation. We show that the CKdV equation as well as the (2+1)-dimensional CKdV equation are integrable in the sense that they possess the Painlevé property. Some exact solutions are also constructed.