Faculty members in universities and colleges are relatively independent units which have multiple inputs and multiple outputs.Through constructing the input-output index system of scientific research,DEA method is applyed to evaluate scientific research efficiency of faculty members in universities and colleges.After taking a medical college in the north area of Henan province as an example,the study collects input-output observation point data of 14 faculties(Department) from 2009-2011.The research calculates the technical efficiency and scale efficiency of scientific research of faculties by using the win-deap software.The paper discusses how to improve the efficiency of scientific research to realize the strategic target of the university.


Abstract. We evaluated the opportunities and performance of a new type of systematic pixel sharp calibration site for airborne hyperspectral mineral mapping in the environment of an operational copper deposit in Mongolia. The calibration site was designed to be used for estimation of sensitivity and quantification of key minerals in individual pixels in specific geological scenarios. The layout of the calibration site was done with two different copper-containing rock samples, a low copper-containing rock material from the mine, tailing material from the mine, and calibration materials with well-defined known spectral features. The scaled coverage of the sample materials was designed to develop statistical approaches to quantify target minerals in airborne surveys on a pixel-based approach. The data collection included the description of the calibration materials with geochemical, x-ray diffraction, and microscopic and electron raster microscopic methods. Using visible and near-infrared airborne sensors and shortwave infrared airborne sensors, data of the calibration site were collected with multiple repeats from six altitudes. After rectification and atmospheric correction of pixels, sharp measurements of absorption features of clay minerals at 1400, 1900, and 2200 nm were performed and statistically analyzed. Correlations between coverage and absorption features especially around 2200 nm are shown, and influences of flight altitude on sensitivity of the detection and the stability of the measurements are investigated. The results of the calibration field are used for the quantitative estimations of clay minerals in an exploration area near the mine site. The results are also shining new light on methodologies for ground truthing in hyperspectral surveys.


This article shares a series of instructional time analyses to illustrate how school management, social and cultural welfare programs, high-stakes testing, system policies, and a flawed notion of organizational efficiency combine to cripple enormous blocks of annual instructional time in a large urban district. Data analyzed were classroom observation records, field notes, teacher interviews, school calendars, and system documents. School trends that fragment and erode instructional time and reformers' reluctance to rethink instructional time are discussed. In closing, administrators are urged to view the allocation and management of time as one of their most important and powerful functions, and actions to recover instructional time for teachers and students are outlined.


An experiment was conducted in the laboratory, green house and on the field to determine phosphorus fertilizer requirement of soybean and to compare the effectiveness of indigenous PR (OPR) alone or in combination with single super phosphate (OPR:SSP) and single super phosphate (SSP) as phosphorous source for soybean in a severely phosphorous  deficient soil at Abeokuta, South West Nigeria.  Sorption study in the laboratory showed that the equilibrium solution phosphorus concentration (SPC) required to achieve 95% maximum yield of soybean in the test soil was 0.05 mgmL -1 .  On the field, significant responses to phosphorus application were obtained irrespective of phosphorus source and rates.  The optimum phosphorus requirement of soybean in the soil was 30 kg Pha -1 .  All the sources showed significant residual effect.  After 2 years as much as 56 to 62%, 60 to 73% and 77 to 81% of the phosphorus fertilizer applied at 30,60,90 kg ha -1 respectively were unutilized.  This was highest for OPR followed by SSP and least with OPR:SSP.  It is concluded that direct OPR application as phosphorus source for soybean in South Western Nigeria soil is feasible and the agronomic efficiency could be increased by mixing OPR and SSP at ratio 1:1.


Anecdotal evidence suggests that corporate boards often use information concerning a CEO's social capital in the selection decision as it is an important heuristic for her ability. Based on prior evidence it is assumed that CEOs with high social capital will improve firm value. However, a CEO can use her social capital in ways that are detrimental to the firm. We attempt to address this conundrum by firstly examining whether the social capital of a new chief executive officer (CEO) affects firm value and secondly whether the conditions faced by the firm influence the relation between the new CEO's social capital and firm value. We present evidence that the new CEO's connections have a significantly positive association with the hiring firm's market value. We also find that CEO social ties have a stronger impact on firm value when firms face greater strategic uncertainty and have an independent board in place. Our supplemental tests also show that the most valuable connections are 'advice networks' and cross-industry connections. Furthermore, we find that well-connected CEOs tend to spend more on R&D projects, make greater SG&A investments and generate higher gross margins. Firms also reward CEOs for their social capital.


Synchrotron radiation real-time in situ imaging technology was conducted to investigate the interfacial reaction in line-type Cu/Sn-9Zn/Cu interconnect under a current density of 1.2×104 A/cm2 at 250°C. A reverse polarity effect, i.e., the intermetallic compound (IMC) layer at the cathode grew continuously while that at the anode was restrained, was observed in Cu/Sn-9Zn/Cu interconnects. With increasing liquid-solid electromigration (L-S EM) time, the initial interfacial Cu5Zn8 gradually transformed into Cu6(Sn, Zn)5 at the anode, while into a mixture of Cu5Zn8 and Cu6(Sn, Zn)5 at the cathode. This provided a clear evidence that Zn atoms were migrating from the anode toward the cathode undergoing L-S EM, which is different from the normal diffusion behavior of atoms. Since there is no back-stress undergoing L-S EM, it is deduced that the effective charge number (Z*) of Zn atoms became positive, resulting in the directional migration of Zn atoms from the anode toward the cathode under electron current stressing.


Background Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have modest activity in ovarian cancer (OC). To augment their activity, we used priming with the hypomethylating agent guadecitabine in a phase II study. Methods Eligible patients had platinum-resistant OC, normal organ function, measurable disease, and received up to 5 prior regimens. The treatment included guadecitabine (30 mg/m2) on days 1–4, and pembrolizumab (200 mg i.v.) on day 5, every 21 days. The primary endpoint was the response rate. Tumor biopsies, plasma, and PBMCs were obtained at baseline and after treatment. Results Among 35 evaluable patients, 3 patients had partial responses (8.6%), and 8 (22.9%) patients had stable disease, resulting in a clinical benefit rate of 31.4% (95% CI: 16.9%–49.3%). The median duration of clinical benefit was 6.8 months. Long-interspersed element 1 (LINE1) was hypomethylated in post-treatment PBMCs, and methylomic and transcriptomic analyses showed activation of antitumor immunity in post-treatment biopsies. High-dimensional immune profiling of PBMCs showed a higher frequency of naive and/or central memory CD4+ T cells and of classical monocytes in patients with a durable clinical benefit or response (CBR). A higher baseline density of CD8+ T cells and CD20+ B cells and the presence of tertiary lymphoid structures in tumors were associated with a durable CBR. Conclusion Epigenetic priming using a hypomethylating agent with an ICI was feasible and resulted in a durable clinical benefit associated with immune responses in selected patients with recurrent OC. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02901899. Funding US Army Medical Research and Material Command/Congressionally Directed Medical Research Programs (USAMRMC/CDMRP) grant W81XWH-17-0141; the Diana Princess of Wales Endowed Professorship and LCCTRAC funds from the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center; Walter S. and Lucienne Driskill Immunotherapy Research funds; Astex Pharmaceuticals; Merck & Co.; National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH grants CCSG P30 CA060553, CCSG P30 CA060553, and CA060553.


Measurement of retinal visual acuity (RVA) in 170 patient with different types of cataract (senile, complicated, posterior capsular ) before and after cataract extraction and also in vitro measurement of RVA with extracted cataractal lenses has shown that laser retinometer can be used for evaluating visual acuity within 0.3 - 1, practically for all types of cataract. Experimental in vitro studies of speckle-modulated laser field arising after transmission through different type of human cataractous lenses are presented. Computer analysis of digital imaging has allowed us to determine the degree of destruction of spatial coherence of scattered laser beam and the angle of resolution of retina using Retinal Analyzer of Vision (AROLI) in diagnosis of cataract. Approbation of topographic digital videosystem used for determing the extent of opacities in cataractous lenses in vivo and its use in measuring diapasons RVA for different type of cataracts is presented. The system consists of the modified slit lamp, CCD camera ( ELECTRIM) and PC PENTIUM with corresponding software.


Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) is a transcription factor with important roles in regulating innate immune and inflammatory responses. NF-κB is activated through the phosphorylation of its inhibitor, IκB...


In this exploratory note we ask the question of what a measure of performance for all tasks is like if we use a weighting of tasks based on a difficulty function. This difficulty function depends on the complexity of the (acceptable) solution for the task (instead of a universal distribution over tasks or an adaptive test). The resulting aggregations and decompositions are (now retrospectively) seen as the natural (and trivial) interactive generalisation of the C-tests.


In this paper, we explore the change in short-term headline-core inflation dynamic relationship using threshold error correction model, and explain why the Chinese central bank should focus on headline inflation when conducting monetary policy. The results find that: (1) the deviation between core and headline inflation is eliminated mainly through reverting core inflation to headline inflation in high inflation period, indicating that headline inflation catches the long-term trend of inflation much better than core inflation does; (2) movements in food price have become a significant source of public's inflation expectations and food inflation persistence is increasing, reflecting that the rising food price may not have been a transient phenomenon but has become a part of the long-term trend of inflation. The above conclusions imply Chinese central bank should not implement the monetary policy based on core inflation excluding food price but should make a certain response to the surging food price.


Decision rule systems may be used to assist special educators who must make timely, numerous, and complicated decisions. This paper defines decision rule systems and discusses their critical features and the advantages and disadvantages of their use in order to assist special educators in understanding decision rule systems. Further, the paper examines practical considerations and steps in selecting decision rule systems for use in classroom decision making.


The article deals with topical questions of the integration processes within the Eurasian Economic Union. Russia-Kazakhstan cross-border cooperation is taken as an example of these processes. 25 years after the dissolution of the USSR, "asymmetry" of the economic processes in the post-Soviet space can be clearly observed. In the early 1990s, the horizontal and vertical economic links, which had been built during the epoch of the planned economy, were broken. The formation of the market economic model radically changed the concept of industrial interaction between the "actors" in the post-Soviet space. The creation of the post-Soviet integration groups triggered off the increase of industrial cooperation among the countries. The cooperation between the Russian Federation and the Republic of Kazakhstan is the most successful. These efforts resulted in advantageous background for cross-border interaction. The article analyzes the creation of "value-added chain" and its specific examples among the business entities of the both countries in different sectors of economy.


Background: The pattern of FF intervals during atrial fibrillation (AF) has been analyzed in induced and spontaneous AF episodes, after the induction of ventricular fibrillation (VF) and after atrial shock, in order to suggest practical considerations for AF management in patients implanted with antitachycardia devices.


Plant enzyme preparations can solve a number of technical problems in the manufacture of fish food products, prolonging the storage line with the preservation of quality indicators. The subject of the study was minced fish derived from fish the Black Sea; lipase complexes vegetable raw materials and their activity; degreasing process minced fish biotechnological method; quality and physical and chemical indicators of quality skimmed minced fish. Of particular interest are plant enzymes comprising lipase, which is involved in the breakdown of fats, and plays an important role in the processes that occur during processing and storage of f oods. An important task was to improve the method of degreasing minced fish plant lipases to stabilize minced compositions during storage. Lipases of various origins are very different from each other in action specificity, affinity to various substrates, solubility, optimum pH, and other properties. The possibility of the use of wheat bran lipase, which are active at pH 7, corresponding to the value of active acidity of minced fish and a temperature of 28 to 30 °C, which makes it possible to carry out enzymatic hydrolysis, without c reating conditions complicate technology. Since fish mince is a complex system of polydisperse water, fat and protein, so stability or resistance is a complex stuffing and general indicator affects the quality indicators during storage. On the basis of these studies it f ound that as leach wheat bran lipase to make better use of water instead of sodium chloride. It is found that the fermentation plant lipase minced fish, followed by washing, at a degree of dispersion in the range of 1 ± 0,5 mm contributes to the achievement of fat mass fr action of 0.8 ... 0.5%, providing stability during storage system minced.


In this paper,nanoscale Fe and nanoscale Co/Fe bimetallic catalysts were prepared by chemical reduction method.The catalytic performance of dechlorination were investigated and compared with iron scrapes of machine shops.The effects of reaction conditions were also investigated.The results show that the catalysts prepared by chemical reduction method exhibited high specific surface area and activity,which is superior to iron scrapes.The increase in reaction temperature and dechlorination time are beneficial to the dechlorination.


The article presents the features of the influence of public associations on the internal policy of the state. It is noted that public associations in the conditions of development of Ukrainian society have become one of the leading factors of the modern state (a long complex process of building democratic structures and institutions). The legal basis for the establishing and functioning of public associations is well founded. The author describes the main functions that public associations are called upon to perform. Also the author examines the possible forms of interaction between government authorities and public associations, as well as the specificity of the regulatory services for this process. It is noted that at this stage in the development of society, public associations are active participants in the government processes. The author of the article proposes to identify the problem field of public associations from the positions of: clarification of the categorical research of the study; the development of regulatory services for their occurrence and activity; the selection of various forms and types of their existence; justification of their functional capacity. The development of an effective mechanism seems to be the most promising areas for further research in this sector of political science discourse (on the one hand, from the standpoint of the regulatory field, and on the other, the space for the development of civil society) of interactions of public associations with government bodies (all levels – from local to republican).


This note records the discovery of a new sorediate species of Erioderma and its presently known distribution in New Zealand. The taxon was first observed in a collection of Pannariaceae made by D. J. Galloway in 1970 from the Three Kings Islands, North Auckland, New Zealand and sent to P. M. j0rgensen for identification. The range of the new species subsequently has been extended by the discovery of additional localities in the North Island of New Zealand, as well as the examination of unidentified material in the herbaria of the late G. Einar Du Rietz (UPS) and in that of the Botany Division D.S.I.R., Christchurch, New Zealand (CHR). The new species, which has been called E. sorediatum D. Gall. & P. M. J0rg., is distinguished from E. mollissimum (Samp.) DR., the only other sorediate member of the genus, by the smaller size, the nature of the lobes, the distribution of rhizines on the lower surface and the chemistry of the medulla.


Heavy metal contamination of soil and water from industrial sources remains a worldwide environmental concern. Concentrations of toxic metals were measured in soil from banks of the Han and Anyang rivers. Pre-monsoon samples contained the highest heavy metal concentrations (Cu > As > Pb > Cd > Cr 6+ ; up to 57.80, 38.23, 25.43, 2.21, 0.32 mg/kg, respectively), but concentrations decreased at all sites during the monsoon and post-monsoon seasons. Higher heavy metal concentrations in pre-monsoon samples may be attributed to dust pollution, especially from roads near the river. A gradual reduction in heavy metal concentrations during the rainy season may be due to washing out. The high concentration of metals could cause health problems, especially in residential areas.


Principal components regression (PCR) is used in resolving the multicollinearity problem but specification bias occurs due to the selection only of the important principal components to be included resulting in the deterioration of predictive ability of the model. We propose the PCR in a nonparametric framework to address the multicollinearity problem while minimizing the specification bias that affects predictive ability of the model. The simulation study illustrated that nonparametric PCR addresses the multicollinearity problem while retaining higher predictive ability relative to parametric principal components regression model.


A method of construction of physically consistent theory of shell stability is suggested in the work. Examples of estimation of instability crippling load for cylindrical shell under the influence of thrust, lateral and uniform pressure are provided. Physically consistent theory of shell stability is infill compliance with experimental data.


Reliability assessment is the key to ensure the security of power system, however, the rapid development of "source-network-load-storage" cause enormous obstacle to the traditional reliability method. A improved method for reliability assessment of generation and transmission systems is proposed in this paper which lays importance on the coordinate operation and uncertainty of "source-network-load-storage". Firstly, the reliability and operation model of "source-network-load- storage" is proposed to handle certain novel elements. Then the reliability assessment with operation simulation is proposed to make balance between generation and load under uncertainty. Finally, numerical analysis focusing on the different form and proportion of "source-network-load-storage" is tested in IEEE RTS-79 system so as to demonstrate the practicality and effectiveness of the improved method.


A C 0 finite element formulation using a higher-order shear deformation theory (HSDT) is developed and used to analyse the buckling behaviour of laminated hypar and conoids. Higher order terms in the Taylor's series expansion are used to represent the higher-order transverse cross-sectional deformation modes. The formulation includes Sanders' approximation for doubly curved shells considering the effect of transverse shear. A realistic parabolic distribution of transverse shear strains through the shell thickness is assumed and the use of shear correction factor is avoided. The accuracy of the formulation is validated by carrying out convergence study and comparing the results with those available in the literature.


Objective:To study augmentation rhinoplasty implanted material with injectable tissue-engineered bone .Methods:Bone marrow cells isolated from iliac bone of New Zealand rabbits were cultured and induced to differentiate into osteoblasts.The osteoblasts were mixed with 25g/L sodium alginate solution to generate osteoblasts/alginate composite. 0.17g of sterilized CaSO4 powder was added to 2ml osteoblasts/alginate composite. The mixture were injected into the nose subperiosteum tissue of New Zealand rabbits.The bone formation was evaluated . Results:4 weeks after implantation, similar cartilage formation were observed in the osteoblasts/alginate composite. 8 weeks after implantation , new mature bone was observed in the osteoblasts/alginate composite.Conclusion:Injectable tissue-engineered bone using calcium alginate as carriers can be used as augmentation rhinoplasty implanted material.


In recent years, Golden Eagles (Aquila chrysaetos) have emerged as a conservation concern in the United States, particularly in the West. Our nation's effort to become more energy independent has involved a significant expansion in the development of domestic sources of both renewable and nonrenewable energy. The influence of energy development, particularly wind energy, taken together with other anthropogenic sources of mortality, including electrocution on power distribution lines, contaminants, collisions with vehicles, and illegal shooting, may be resulting in declining Golden Eagle populations (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service [U.S.F.W.S.] 2016a). To achieve the objective of ''stable or increasing breeding populations'' promulgated under the Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act (Eagle Act; 16 U.S.C. 668-668d) and appurtenant regulations (U.S.F.W.S. 2009, 2016b; hereafter Eagle Rule), the U.S.F.W.S. will require a greater understanding of Golden Eagle population dynamics, movement patterns, and genetic connectivity across populations, and conservation practices that reliably reduce or mitigate population limiting factors (U.S.F.W.S. 2016a, 2016b). In addition, state, federal, and tribal wildlife and land management agencies need this information to support conservation planning for Golden Eagles at local and regional scales. To support the dissemination of new information on the demography, nesting ecology, movement patterns, diet, and conservation of Golden Eagles, the Academy for the Environment, University of Nevada, Reno, and Western Golden Eagle Team, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, collaborated to host a symposium at the 2015 annual conference of the Raptor Research Foundation (RRF), in Sacramento, California. Invited speakers presented new information during three sessions that focused specifically on Golden Eagle demography and population trends, use of innovative research technologies and techniques, and conservation planning. Six of the presenters subsequently developed manuscripts published in this special issue. The California–Nevada Golden Eagle Working Group convened a meeting immediately prior to the RRF meeting in Sacramento, where they hosted a symposium that focused on Golden Eagle prey ecology and the need for using consistent terminology in raptor ecology. Two of the invited presenters subsequently developed manuscripts that also appear in this special issue; one of these discusses the use of terminology in describing reproduction, the other summarizes spatial and temporal patterns in eagle diets throughout the western U.S.A. Four additional manuscripts, not associated with these symposia, are also included in this special issue, since they address issues highly relevant to Golden Eagle conservation and management. These papers address several different topics, including


The modern SRR loaded, circular ring encircled by a diamond shaped conductor backed coplanar wave guide fed with configured wearable antenna is exceptionally necessary part for wearable electronic tele-medical transceiver part of module, for electrocardiogram (ECG), electroencephalogram (EEG) and other healthcare monitoring. This antenna designed at resonating frequencies of 2.48GHz, 3.5GHz and 3.65GHz are one of the ISM on-body narrow band communication, Wi-Max, WLAN frequency bands. This is SRR and CSRR loaded antenna; hence it has high gain, bandwidth, flexible for frequency tune, low-power consumption, negative permittivity and permeability are obtained. The proposed model used as a biocompatible (Teflon) material as a substrate. The encircled loop structure and SRR and CSRR loaded arrangement, and which is located in between radiation element and skin layer, therefore the designed antenna has enabled to have more radiation, gain and more isolation from skin layer. The simulated results for the magnitude of reflection coefficients are −12.5dB at 2.49GHz and −31.1dB at 3.6GHz for SRR loaded proposed antenna, −25dB at 2.48GHz and −13.5dB at 3.54GHz for non-SRR loaded proposed antenna, −49.1dB at 3.57GHz, −42.3dB at 3.6GHz and −28.8dB at 3.66GHz for CSRR loaded antennas are used for interfacing between the WBAN to Wi-Max and WLAN networks, are respectively. These values are more suitable for the standard ISM, Wi-Max and WLAN communication.


Banana is a fruit with high nutrient content and high economic importance. It is regarded as a main staple food in developing countries. As a typical climacteric fruit, banana will ripen and decay in one week after exogenous ethylene induction. The short shelf life of banana largely limits its storage, transportation and marketing, and causes great post-harvest loss (Krishnakumar, T. and Thirupathi, V. 2014). The shelf life of banana is closely related to ethylene production, which is the first factor considered for developing postharvest preservation technology.


That phrase launches a notorious monologue in Ntozake Shange's Spell #7 (1979),' one that satirizes the behaviors and perceptions of conditioned whitegirlhood. It became particularly notorious among those white feminists-the "women's movement faction of white girls"-who had perhaps too vociferously expounded upon the infamous "beau willie" episode in Shange's earlier for colored girls who have considered suicide, when the rainbow is enuf (1975); after Spell #7, they began to question Shange's alliances. Is she a woman or is she black? went the inane and therefore unannounced subtext of the discus-


The purpose of this study was to investigate and document the conditions in which gender was actualized in a high school Advanced Placement biology classroom. The authors of this study begin with the assumption that equitable and inclusive science instruction should not reinforce or condition students into thinking about themselves as single beings with fixed identities. Rather, science instruction should support a view that students are changing beings who can become other.
We also draw on scholars of new materialisms to examine how things matter in the actualization of students' gender. Our study traces how gender followed unpredictable lines of flight and shows what gender could become. Using these theories to explain our findings we offer a new concept for the science classroom, students' subjectivities-in-motion.


In article hemodynamic aspects of design of the artificial ventricles of heart (AVH) of systems of the auxiliary blood circulation (ABC) and the artificial heart (AH) on the basis of mechatronic modules are considered. Results of numerical modeling of hemodynamic processes of mechatronic modules of systems of ABC and AH proceeding in working hours which give an idea of behavior of blood in the AVH chamber are given. The AVH settlement model of pulsing type is developed in CAD-system Pro/ENGINEER WF5 taking into account influence of geometry of valves, entrance and output highways and membrane movement. For increase of accuracy of the decision splitting happened taking into account geometrical complexity of volume and nature of proceeding pro-cesses. It was expressed in a condensation of a grid of final elements in zones with high gradients of hydrodynamic parameters (speed, pressure, etc.) and the difficult geometry defining character of a current (braking, a recir-culation of a stream, etc.). Possibility of use of systems of the final and element analysis for level definition he-molysis and forecasting of processes of a thrombosis is shown.


Setting the detection threshold in a radar operating in a maritime environment is critically dependent upon the characteristics of the sea clutter. Analysis is presented in this paper of the performance of the cell-averaging CFAR in K-distributed sea clutter. It is demonstrated that in spatially uncorrelated, spiky clutter the CFAR loss is very high, but may be reduced in some circumstances by increasing the radar system noise level. It has previously been reported (Watts, 2000) that in spatially correlated clutter the CFAR loss may be reduced by optimising the cell average length, which is some cases leads to a 'CFAR gain' rather than a loss. Here, it is shown how added thermal noise affects this performance. (5 pages)


The present invention relates to a flame-retardant protective clothing Performance Evaluation Test Lab multifunctional through ventilation system including air supply system, exhaust system and control cabinet, air supply system, and exhaust system are disposed on the top of a combustion laboratory by control cabinet control operation; and a blower system comprising two blower vents single raster, two vents are provided in a single layer grid combustion laboratory top and bottom; the fan under the control of the control cabinet, the combustion fresh air outside the laboratory delivery system to the air supply duct from the two monolayers grids mounted vents air terminal input of fresh air to the combustion laboratory; exhaust system comprising exhaust fan, the air outlet grid monolayer, filtered cabinets and since the vertical louvers air; ventilator under the control of the control cabinet, the combustion exhaust gas through the exhaust port within the single lattice laboratory pumped into the exhaust duct system, the air duct is arranged in the filter cabinet exhaust gas filter, discharged from the vertical louvers provided at the outlet of the air duct outlet. The present invention can be widely used in various fire-retardant protective clothing performance experiments.


The aeroelastically tailored outer wing and canard of the highly maneuverable aircraft technology (HiMAT) vehicle are closely examined and a general description of the overall structure of the vehicle is provided. Test data in the form of laboratory measured twist under load and predicted twist from the HiMAT NASTRAN structural design program are compared. The results of this comparison indicate that the measured twist is generally less than the NASTRAN predicted twist. These discrepancies in twist predictions are attributed, at least in part, to the inability of current analytical composite materials programs to provide sufficiently accurate properties of matrix dominated laminates for input into structural programs such as NASTRAN.


Process the log into disk is an effective way to utilize wood so as to increase the economic value.In order to solve the problem of disk cracking during the course of drying,taking the log of Betula costata as the study material,soaking the disk with the NaCl solution,to study the effect of this kind of treatment on the drying characteristics of disk,and the relevant mechanism was analyzed as well.The results indicated that the tested treatment method could achieve promising drying effect under the standard conditions of sawn timber and with the disk of 40 mm thick,with the treatment of NaCl solution,the drying effect was increased significantly,and the problems were solved effectively.It was found that main aspect of mechanism was through this kind of treatment,the decrease of difference of shrinkage coefficient of radial and tangential direction was decreased.


Cheng and Newhouse (Ergod. Th. & Dynam. Sys.25 (2005), 1091–1113) proved a variational principle for topological preimage entropy

$h_{\mathrm {pre}}(f)$

 :

$$ \begin{align*} h_{\mathrm{pre}}(f)=\sup_{\mu\in\mathcal{M}(X,f)}h_{\mathrm{pre},\mu}(f). \end{align*} $$

 Unfortunately, we show in this note that this variational principle is not true.


Abstract : This report examines the operations of Sherman's 15th and 17th Corps during the march through Georgia in the Fall of 1864, with emphasis on their respective roles in support of Sherman's strategy. The study focuses on the role of the march within the context of overall Union strategy, the special preparations for the movement to the coast, and the actions of the 15th and 17th Corps during the latter two-thirds on the march (23 November-10 December, 1864). The operations of the 15th Corps are particularly emphasized to highlight its role in forcing the rapid collapse of Confederate opposition in front of Sherman's advance. At the same time the author recognizes the logistical needs of Sherman's army as its greatest vulnerability - one which the Confederates were unable to exploit. Keywords: March to the sea; Sherman's march; Savannah campaign; Civil War; and Georgia.


MMS (Modular Measurement System) has addressed industry's need for downsized, modular instrumentation. It provides high performance at lower life-cycle costs for RF and microwave test equipment. As an established platform for instrument development, MMS provides a low risk, and rapid mechanism for custom ATE as well as offering a wide product base of off-the-shelf test equipment solutions. For the un-initiated, an introduction to MMS is provided and illustrated with the description of a hypothetical ATE system which utilizes MMS, and a Hypothetical MMS instrument development program.<<ETX>>


The knowledge of dominant project characteristics provides a means to better deploy valuable resources on relevant areas so as to achieve a successful project. The search for the relative dominance of these characteristics has witnessed grand transformations from being purely theoretical to a more sensible numeric form. The book sets out to develop reader interest in the use of statistical procedures and the analytical hierarchy process for the quantification of engineering judgment with regard to project critical success factors. Later, the book discusses three such state of the art works that best explains the progress in search of construction project critical success factors over a period of the foregoing 25 years. Finally, the book discusses the original research of the authors aimed at an analytical extraction of construction project critical success factors for consultants, contractors, and project management organizations. Spearman's test on overall rankings of 40 significant factors results in a highest level of correlation between the managers and contractor personnel (rs=0.54), and a least correlation between the contractor personnel and the consultants (rs=0.19).


Recently there has been an important increase in electric equipment, as well as, electric power demand in aircrafts applications. This prompts to the necessity of efficient, reliable, and low-weight converters, especially rectifiers from 115VAC to 270VDC because these voltages are used in power distribution. In order to obtain a high efficiency, in aircraft application where the derating in semiconductors is high, normally several semiconductors are used in parallel to decrease the conduction losses. However, this is in conflict with high reliability. To match both goals of high efficiency and reliability, this work proposes an interleaved multi-cell rectifier system, employing several converter cells in parallel instead of parallel-connected semiconductors. In this work a 10kW multi-cell isolated rectifier system has been designed where each cell is composed of a buck type rectifier and a full bridge DC-DC converter. The implemented system exhibits 91% of efficiency, high power density (10kW/10kg), low THD (2.5%), and n-1 fault tolerance which complies, with military aircraft standards.


The Ussing chamber technique was used to measure unidirectional Rb + fluxes under short-circuit conditions across tissue sheets from proximal, central, and distal jejunum of rats. Whereas the proximal and central parts of the jejunum did not show any net transport of Rb , there was a net secretion of around 0.2 mmol hr cm in the distal segment. This secretion could not be influenced significantly by mucosal application of K + channel blockers such as Ba 2+ (5 mM), tetraethylammonium (20 m M) or quinine (1 mM). Serosal ouabain (1 m M) blocked net secretion by increasing mucoserosal flux. Blockers of H/K + ATPases could not alter net fluxes of Rb. Stimulation of Cl − secretion by forskolin (10mM) or of Na absorption by serine (10 m M) failed to influence the observed secretion of Rb . Adrenaline (10mM) also had no effect on Rb + fluxes. Blocking Na/H exchange by 5-(N-Ethyl-N-isopropyl)-amilorid (100 mM) blocked net secretion by increasing mucoserosal flux, as did the addition of Na + acetate (30 mM) to the mucosal solution. We conclude that the distal jejunum of the rat secretes K under short-circuit conditions. This secretion does not seem to occur via K + channels, but through a pH dependent mechanism.


Questionings and meditations on agency in Japan are far from being a recent phenomenon. We can go as far as to challenges to human fate and control over their lives in the ancient Buddhist tradition, or to more contemporary uncertainties about individuality and social responsibility in highly industrialised and mercantile globalized contexts risen in the 1960s. Such disbelief on how much control do humans have over our own actions was further explored in the Lost Decades (1990-2010). The relevant changes were due to the context of deep crises (economic, social and cultural) and the supports of these discourses, the media that allowed these explorations. This paper studies how agency has been challenged through the use of the videoludic medium. It explores the medium's meditation on players' and designers' responsibility, and the capacities of computer games to propose meaningful existential and ethical experiences. To do so it focuses on the 2005 game Shadow of the Colossus, how it manipulates agency, player's expectations and re!ects a context of liquid categories, values, morality and ontological boundaries.


The benefit of pre-sintered machining is to avoid machining difficulty of sintered parts especially hardenable PM steels. Pre-sintering treatments of green PM part at temperatures lower than the normal sintering temperature of 1120 °C result in green strength improvement high enough for machining. In this study, the influences of various pre-sintering temperatures and several machining conditions on machined surface quality of pre-sintered PM samples were investigated. The pre-sintered samples were machined by a turning process using a carbide cutting insert with varied cutting speeds at a fixed feed rate and depth of cut without cutting lubricant. Chromium alloyed PM steel (Astaloy® CrM) powder samples with (0.5 wt. %C) and without graphite (0 wt. % C) additions mixed with 1 wt. % of zinc stearate were prepared as green parts by cold compaction in a cylindrical die with diameter of 30 mm. Green density was about 7.00 g/cm3 and height of each sample was controlled by hydraulic pressure and powder weight of 80 g/sample. The green samples were treated by pre-sintering treatment before machining testing. Surface quality of each machined sample was evaluated by average surface roughness and surface texture by SEM analysis and the appearance of outlet edge breakout. The experimental results revealed that the pre-sintered samples with graphite addition showed better surface quality in terms of surface roughness and surface texture and small outlet edge breakout appearance. Moreover, at high pre-sintering temperatures of 900 and 1,000°C, the samples showed similar average surface roughness under the same turning conditions. The obtained surface textures were better than those of the samples pre-sintered at 700 and 800°C. The outlet edge breakout could not be found in the graphite-added samples pre-sintering at 1,000°C.


The Cartesian mechanism supposes not only an alternative to the Aristotelian Physics, but also a transformation of the Metaphysics and of its relation with the Physics. In this article I defend that the Modernity of the Cartesian proposal consists of the need of the Metaphysics as a foundation of the Physics to avoid the ontological weakness that implies the epistemological turning that Descartes carries out.


This report, the fifth in a series detailing post-Katrina field investigations by the Multidisciplinary Center for Earthquake Engineering Research (MCEER) team, focuses on the structural performance of bridges based on findings from reconnaissance trips to the coast of Mississippi and the adjoining parts of Louisiana and Alabama. The first investigation took place September 6-11, 2005, about a week after the event, with the second following a month later, in October 2005. It is hoped that findings from these field investigations will lead to improvements in coastal bridge design standards, similar to the way post-earthquake investigations have led to a better understanding of seismic loadings and an improved performance-based seismic design specification.


The higher the number of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) a patient with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) receives prior to starting ponatinib, the less the patient benefits from ponatinib. Those were the findings of a study presented at the American Society of Hematology Annual Meeting and published in Blood (2015;126:4025). "However, even among heavily treated patients, ponatinib was still quite effective," study co-author, Hagop M. Kantarjian, MD, Professor and Chairman of the Department of Leukemia at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, and OT's Clinical Advisory Editor for Hematology/ Oncology, explained in an email. "Toxicities from ponatinib follow a similar trend, but not as consistently," he added.


1) Why did the authors consider a zonal mean climatology for their baseline? Why not use a spatial (lat-lon) climatology? Over the SH the stratosphere and the ozone layer have a distinct asymmetry determined by the presence of the quasi stationary wave 1. Furthermore, as noted in Malanca et al. (2005), this important aspect of mid to high latitude TOC has changed over time both in intensity and longitudinal location, affecting the baseline needed for the instrusion analysis. As these authors noted the evolution


This paper presents an experimental investigation of an open loop pulsating heat pipe (OLPHP), where several issues related to its performance were evaluated. Tests were conducted with different working fluids for the OLPHP operating at both vertical and horizontal orientations. The experimental results show that the system presented better performance when operating at horizontal orientation, as lower evaporation section temperatures were achieved. Regarding the working fluids used, the system showed better performance when acetone was used on vertical orientation and methanol on horizontal orientation.


Faced with the criticism of the biopolitical control exercised in the COVID-19 pandemic, we defend the importance of a re-examination of the foucauldian reflections so that the critical diagnoses of the present is accompanied by a careful analysis of the fields of force and knowledges in which such controls occur. Bearing in mind the correlation between security mechanisms and the management of insecurities, we argue that in the management of the pandemic by the brazilian executive government, the excesses of power took place more due to the lack of imposing restrictive health measures and obstacles to the control of contagion than through restrictive actions of classical individual freedoms.


: Reinforced concrete flat slabs are frequently used structural members in building construction. One of the most dangerous form of structural failure of these system is punching of the slab by column. Two experimental slab specimens reinforced with a high amount of shear reinforcement that increased punching resistance over the concrete struts capacity were tested. The best way how to verify the reliability of standard model for the assessment of punching capacity is comparison of the resistance obtained from the experiments, with the resistances calculated according to the standard. To determine the reliability of the standards a large database of test results is required. However, from economical point of view, it is not possible to prepare so many tests in order to fulfill this requirement. The problem can be solved by non-linear analysis which is a tool that allows to substitute actual tests with theoretical ones. The paper deals with calibration of the numerical model of flat slab specimens using results taken from the experimental program. The task was to find the suitable nonlinear material model for concrete and reinforcement, choose the proper boundary conditions and the correct load application. The correct adjustment of the numerical model allows to carry out parametric study of flat slabs with shear reinforcement.


A small complex area in the Samarian Desert was investigated. The rainfall reaches about 250 mm. The area consists of a hill where limestone, chalks, marls and nari crust are exposed. Various young sediments are also present. Mediterranean batha vegetation characterizes the Terra rossa and dark Rendzina soils that cover hard rocks on northern and western slopes. Irano-Turanian vegetation (mainly Noaea mucronata ) covers the Rendzinic Desert Lithosol that has developed from hard chalk on the southern slopes. At the same exposure Saharo-Arabian vegetation (mainly Fagonia mollis and Blepharis ciliaris ) characterizes the soft chalk that is covered by calcareous desert Lithosols. Almost no vegetation was found on marl with a marly desert Lithosol soil cover; only toward the margins is there some cover of Salsola vermiculata. The vegetation on natric Grumic Serozems that developed from clay sediments is restricted to favored spots, like hollows, cracks etc., that receive higher amounts of water. These spots are also relatively leached. A close relationship was found between vegetation characteristics and degree of soil leaching: vegetation diversity and density decrease with the increase of the Exchangeable Sodium Percentage, Sodium Adsorption Ratio and salinity (Electrical Conductivity) values. The same is true with respect to lime content of soils on hard rocks. The reason for these relationships is attributed to different moisture regimes.


In the article author decision is given quality of management, which is based not only on the paradigm of universal management of quality, but also on the paradigm of spiritual-moral management, and the same displays a sotsioсulturul specific of management. Also basic positions are definite of assessment quality management, which contain of principle new aspects of, in particular psychological case frame, and also display an industry specific.


Contents: Inke Du Bois/Nicole Baumgarten: Introduction: New questions in research on multilingual identities in migration contexts - Susanne Gunthner: Communicative practices among migrant youth in Germany: "Insulting address forms" as a multi-functional activity - Janet M. Fuller: Made in Berlin: Bilingualism and identity among immigrant and German-background children - A. Lane Igoudin: Asian American girls who speak African American English: A subcultural language identity - Katharina Meng/Ekaterina Protassova: Deutsche or rusaki? Transformations of the cultural self-conceptions after (r)emigration - Dipika Mukherjee: Loving Bollywood and being Dutch: Language choice and identity issues among Surinamese-Hindustani women in Amsterdam - Heike Baldauf-Quilliatre: The role of public opinion in argumentation: Immigrants in the French radio broadcast La-bas si j'y suis - Inke Du Bois: "And then I had to hold my first Referat on Beethoven as a politischer Mensch": Multilingual identities and L1 language loss of US Americans in Germany - Dafna Yitzhaki/Carmit Altman/Zhanna Feldman-Burstein/Leor Cohen/Joel Walters: Indigenous and immigrant identities in multilingual Israel: Insights from focus groups and discourse analysis.


The chronostratigraphically highest Placenticeras previously reported from the Western Interior is Placenticeras costatum Hyatt, 1903, from the late Campanian Baculites reesidei Zone (Larson et al., 1997; Cobban, 2016). We report here Placenticeras as high as the B. baculus Zone in the Pierre Shale of northeastern New Mexico. The B. baculus Zone is three ammonite zones higher than the B. reesidei Zone. P. costatum was recovered by us from the B. reesidei , B. jenseni , and B. baculus zones, and P. meeki Böhm, 1898 from the B. baculus Zone in the Cimarron area. The B. jenseni Zone is one ammonite zone higher than the B. reesidei Zone. In a postscript, W. J. Kennedy (Cobban, 2016) reported that, in the Western Interior, the youngest species of Placenticeras , P. costatum , extends into the lower half of the B. reesidei Zone, and P. meeki disappears a little lower in that zone. Two well preserved, compressed half whorls of Placenticeras costatum with nacreous layer from NMMNH (New Mexico Museum of Natural History) localities 12260 and 12261 are from the Baculites baculus Zone. There are five moderately strong, but small, umbilical bullae in the half whorl. The small, weaker, outer lateral nodes are about one-third the distance from the ventrolateral shoulder to the umbilical shoulder. Low, weak flexuous ribs connect the umbilical bullae to the outer lateral nodes and finally to ventrolateral clavi as delicate riblets. The weakly concave venter bears two rows of small, alternating, ventrolateral clavi. Five ventrolateral clavi occur between every two outer lateral nodes (Kennedy et al., 1996, p. 6),


Objective To investigate the inhibitory effect of 20 (S)-proto-panaxdiol(PPD)on the growth of siha cells in vitro and detect the transcription and expressions of autophagy related gene Beclin 1and MAP1-LC3,and clarify the mechanism of its suppressing effect on siha cell proliferation.Methods The siha cells cultivated in vitro were treated with alcohol,40μmol·L-1 platinol(Pt),10μg·L-1 PPD,20μg·L-1 PPD,40μg·L-1 PPD for 24,48,72and 96h,respectively.The inhibitory rate of cell proliferation in each group was detected by MTT, the transcription and expressions of autophagy related gene Beclin 1and MAP1-LC3were analyzed by RT-PCR, Western blotting and immunocytochemical staining.Results After treated with 10,20and 40μg·L-1 PPD,the inhibitory rates of siha cells were significantly increased compared with control group (P0.05),and the inhibitory rate was increased gradually with the time prolongation of time and the increase of dose.The transcription and expressions of autophagy related gene Beclin 1and MAP1-LC3were significantly up-regulated(P0.01). Conclusion PPD may suppress the proliferation of siha cells,and its mechanism may be related to up-regulating theexpressions of autophagy related gene Beclin 1and MAP1-LC3.


The English Curriculum Criteria for Regular High School (2017 Edition) proposes the concept of core competence for English subject, which mainly includes language competence, cultural awareness, thinking quality and learning ability. Text interpretation is the bridge to implement the cultivation of students' core competence. Therefore, following an analysis of the current misunderstandings in text interpretation, the current study proposed a modified framework for text interpretation based on a discussion of two text interpretation frameworks proposed by Chinese scholars.


Magnetotelluric(MT)sounding is one of useful electromagnetic(EM)exploration methods by applying propagation rules of natural EM fields.MT has been proved as an important geophysical method to explore fault structures and fluid movements,and for research of plate tectonics and continental dynamics.However,MT signal is typically non-stationary,weak and stochastic mixed with cultural noises which are intense,of wide bandwidth and complex components.Thus conventional methods for noise suppression in the frequency domain,such as robust estimation and remote reference technique,can only eliminate outliers and uncorrelated EM noise.In the case of strong noise,especially correlated ones,general processing methods are not satisfactory and MT sounding curves show obvious near-field effects.In this paper,based onthe concepts of the signal and system,we discuss the relationship of MT time-series between the local and reference sites.We use the least square(LS)method to estimate the relationship by selecting some high SNR data as priori information,then calculate synthetic signal via the relationship and reference data,and replace noisy data of local channels with synthetic signal.The results of the test with high-quality field data acquired in Tibet show that the relationship is relatively stable for MT signal,which is independent of the distance and difference of electrical structures between local and reference sites,and only dependent on the priori data length.The simulation test shows that the synthetic data are considerably correlated with original signals with a coherence above 0.9,and the sounding curves are quite similar.Tests on practical MT data show that this technique can effectively remove local noise and suppress the near-field effects.At the same time,the resulting data keep slight natural signal.Finally,in terms of square wave noise which cannot be recognized by the variance ratio method,we propose a shift method.The result indicates that applying this method in the time domain together with remote reference technique in frequency,one can obtain credible data and smoothly varying curves even in a strongly noisy area.Instead of researching the characterization of complicated noises or separating MT signal from contaminated data,we utilize the clean data of the reference site to calculate synthetic signal.


A B S T R A C T A basis for the interpretation of the structure of the cell membrane is often looked for in electron microscope investigations on the structure of lipid models. A difficulty in these investigations is our lack of knowledge of the effect of the preparative treatment on the structure studied. This applies especially to the strongly oxidizing fixatives: osmium te-troxide and potassium permanganate. These agents have, moreover, the drawback that they cannot be used to fix fully saturated lipids. On the basis of existing theories concerning complex colloid systems, a fixation method was developed that allows the electron microscope study of the structure of phospholipid models, irrespective of whether they consist of saturated or unsaturated compounds. With this fixation, namely tricomplex flocculation by means of suitable ions, the structure of the lipid molecules is not altered. Moreover, the site and mode of action of this fixation are well known. The first application of this method to the study of isolated beef brain phospholipids is described. The presence of layered structures at the borderline of cell territories has been demonstrated in electron micrographs of a wide variety of cells. Furthermore, strong evidence from chemical and physical investigations indicates that the cell membrane contains a bimolecular lipid leaflet. The layered structures revealed by electron microscopy are, therefore, often interpreted as representing parts of this leaflet with associated structures. They are, however, the result of an interaction of fixing and staining agents with the molecules of the membrane. The uncertainty of the interpretation now lies in the fact that our knowledge of the chemical nature of this interaction is rather scanty, not only as regards the reaction kinetics but also the extent of reorientation of the constituent molecules that may occur. A possible way out of these difficulties is to study membrane structure by means that are independent of electron microscopy, such as low-angle x-ray analysis, and to study model structures of known composition by as many different techniques as possible. To the first type of investigation belong the studies on nerve myelin structure by Schmidt For a more extensive treatment of this subject we may refer to the review by Elbers (1964). Even with lipid models, the interpretation, in terms of molecules or parts of them, of micro-graphs obtained by electron microscopy is hampered by our lack of knowledge of the action of the commonly used fixatives …


A communication device, a shipping line state group setting unit configured to a plurality of shipping lines, set one of the group of countries for the communication apparatus-shipment line state are grouped the shipping line as a group of countries - and, the set shipping line state group state parameter for selecting a shipping line state group storage unit, the user and the shipping line state group set corresponding shipping line a plurality of shipping lines value of the line state parameter shipment one state within the state group that is set by the means configured to store value selecting unit, the selected shipment line includes a state parameter value storage means configured to store the state, and wherein said selectable shipping line state to the state in the shipping line state group corresponding to the shipping line is set by the country group setting unit It is limited. Communications equipment, national shipping lines, shipping lines national groups, national shipping line parameters and country parameters


This paper presents a real-time visual tracking algorithm which uses a new weight distribution for color space. Firstly, first-order Kalman filter model is introduced to update video backgrounds and obtain the targets. HSV color space is used to measure the similarity between the supposed targets and match targets. In this process, a weighting function based on pixel confidence and pixel position is proposed to weigh the pixel values in the rectangle area of tracking. The experimental results show that the algorithm is robust to scale invariant, partial occlusion and interactions of non-rigid objects, especially similar objects. The proposed algorithm is computationally efficient and it can satisfy the real-time requirements for visual tracking.


The paper introduces the principle of the Hough transform,and analyzes the theory of detecting the beeline based on the Hough transform,especially,detecting the centre and radius of a circle since the extended of the Hough transform.The Hough transform has peculiarity in detecting the geometrical property,it can transform the detection target to the parameter space from the target space,and it will avoid the complex arithmetic on the target classification and encoding in object space detection,therefore it makes the parameter measurement become simpler and easier to solve.


This paper introduces a type-I hybrid ARQ scheme for the Z-channel, based on a class of codes which can correct t asymmetric errors and further detect d (d > t) more. The specific parameters of the ARQ schemes are considered and an upper bound on the probability of undetected error is derived. We give a couple of detailed examples based on classic inner error correcting codes. They show good behavior of this scheme in terms of error rate and throughput


Order Effects in Probabilistic Reasoning Potentialities and Limits of Modeling Methods Franziska Bocklisch Chemnitz University of Technology Josef F. Krems Chemnitz University of Technology Katja Mehlhorn Chemnitz University of Technology Abstract: A well-known phenomenon in sequential reasoning processes is that the order of information (congru- ent/incongruent with certain hypotheses) influences the assignment of probabilities to hypotheses and in turn, judg- ments of them. For instance, order effects are known to have severe consequences in medical diagnosis and tactical military decision making (Chapman et al., 1996; Zhang et al., 1998). Hogarth and Einhorn (1992) Belief-Adjustment Model (BAM) describes cognitive mechanisms that result in different types of order effects and precise predictions of probabilities can be derived. In the present study BAM model was contrasted with a Bayes net (Pearl, 1988) model that predicts competing probabilities for the experiment in which participants estimated the probabilities of hypotheses during the reasoning process. Results show, that both models predict different parts of the same data. Overall, the fit is not sufficient and we conclude that order effects can be explained by an interaction of several cognitive processes.


The content of gallic acid and quercetin in fruits by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) was determined. This study aims to determine the content of gallic acid and quercetin in red grape (Vitis vinifera), kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa), lemon (Citrus limon) and mango (Mangifera indica L.). This study was done by RP-HPLC, a C18 column (150 mm x 4.6 mm) used with a combination of methanol and formic acid 0.3% (88:12, v/v) as a mobile phase at a flow rate 1 mL/min, the injection volume of sample was 10 µL and UV detection was performed at 274 nm. The results showed the content of gallic acid in red grape, kiwifruit, lemon and mango was (0.0071, 0.0115, 0.0113 and 0.0114) mg/g dry weight. The content of quercetin in red grape, kiwifruit, lemon and mango was (0.0039, 0.0032, 0.0006 and 0.0035) mg/g dry weight.


Ventricular remodeling is very important in heart failure about its genesis and development,which mainly result from the unbalance between synthesis and degradation of extracellular matrix.Transforming growth factor β can promote the collagenous synthesis in extracellular matrix and increase the expression of matrix metalloproteinase,and then plays an important role in ventricular remodeling.


Multi-carrier (MC) code division multiple access (MC-CDMA) systems benefit from both Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and CDMA. MC-CDMA combined with wavelet transform have turned out to be the choice for high data rate wireless systems. In this paper, using the basic principles of MC-CDMA technique, we employ multiwavelet as part of MC modulation. We propose a multiwavelet transform (MWT) based MC-CDMA system and investigate the bit error rate (BER) performance in stochastic multi input multi output (MIMO) channels. The system conserves spectrum as it does not require cyclic prefixes (CP) to be planted in the transmitted data block. Simulation results show that the proposed system outperforms conventional MC-CDMA system in terms of BER and is superior to the conventional FFT based MC-CDMA and DWT based MC-CDMA system. Key–Words: MC-CDMA, MIMO, MWT, BER


Canonisation depends on evidence of sanctity, a disposition of soul. The article illustrates the importance of both written and unwritten sources of evidence in the cause of Mary MacKillop. There was a mountain of written material in archives, and also vast amounts to be revealed in human memory and popular conviction. The need for discretion is shown by the few occasions when the two sources clashed, and it became clear that we should not assume that the written word is always more reliable than human memory and firm tradition.


post-Keynesian discussion about money supply endogeneity is largely overlooked. Also, income distribution is discussed in the book only to blame the workers and supposedly high wages for the existence of unemployment. Lewis completely ignores the role of banks in financial globalization, the process of financialization, and the effects on the global productive structure and financial stability. This suggests that the role of money in the economy should not be limited to its impacts on prices. Finally, siding Keynes with monetarists and supply-siders can only be explained by the purist Austrian faith in the ability of unfettered markets to solve all relevant economic problems. He fails to mention the debate between Keynes, Sraffa, and Hayek in the 1930s, won by the first two. On the empirical side, he contends that business cycles were shorter in the 19th century, but this goes against recorded history. According to the NBER, out of the eleven recessions in the second half of the nineteenth century, starting in June of 1857, seven were longer, not shorter, than the post-Great Depression recessions. In conclusion, the book does not provide either radical political economists or even mainstream economists with new insights or facts that could be used for teaching or scholarship. Besides the aforementioned works in the Marxian tradition, the interested reader may find a more general discussion about heterodox approaches to money in the book edited by Philip Arestis and Malcolm Sawyer (2008). A more general treatment is provided by John Eatwell, Murray Milgate, and Peter Newman (1989).


The main aim of the article is to show, in the absence of the Axiom of Choice, relationships between the following, independent of ZF, statements: "Every countable product of compact metrizable spaces is separable (respectively, compact)" and "Every countable product of compact metrizable spaces is metrizable". Statements related to the above-mentioned ones are also studied. Permutation models (among them new ones) are shown in which a countable sum (also a countable product) of metrizable spaces need not be metrizable, countable unions


One of the main issues of successful annual sunflower growing is resistance against the necrothrophic fungus Phomopsis helianthi Munt, which is capable to destroy the entire crop of sunflower. The aim of research was studying cycle of development fungus Phomopsis helianthi M. and the features of sunflower plants defeat. The investigations were carried out in the field in Genicheskiy district of Kherson region and in Kherson regional phytosanitary laboratory. In a long period of time, the disease is in latent form in seed. The first symptoms is pycnidia and clarification of affected seminal skin tissue appear during seeds germination. On the seeds of P. helianthi was discovered complete mushroom stage Diaporthe helianthi Munt Cv, et al. The obtained results indicate possibility of transmitting the disease by seminal material in other regions where this disease is absent. The stage of the D. helianthi mushroom in the teleomorph form in the field, we found at the end of May on stems of sunflower, which were wintered after harvesting. On the remains of plants, where pycnides of the phomaxis pathogen were formed, we commit the formation of the D. helianthi strain with 1-5 peritheces. The departure of ascospore began in the beginning of second decade of May. In third decade of June, a mass exit from the ascospores of peritations was noted.  The first symptoms of illness on sunflower plants in Henichesk district of Kherson region were recorded at the beginning of second decade of July in 10 days after irrigation. On the stems of sunflower between 4-7 pairs of leaves formed dark gray stains. Over time, necrosis extends along the length of stem from the place of its initial manifestation. The stains size affected by pathogen stalks ranged from 2.5-3 cmto 12.7-14.0 cm.  On affected by phomopsis plants of sunflower, disease pathogens formed a flattened ellipsoid-shaped pycnidia with an aperture. They were located dotted along the leading vessels and were characterized by the following sizes: 290-520 × 265-410 microns. In the ripening phase, pycnides were seen on surface side of stem. During rain or irrigation, they broke through stem epidermis and on its surface in form of strips out a mass of pycnospores. Thus, after latent pathogenesis phase, the pathogen actively begins to form a pycnidial stage. During sunflower growing season, the pathogenesis of phomopsis occurs in all overground organs of plants. The presence of Diaporthe helianthi strain with peritheces and ascospores on seed has been established, indicating possibility of spreading the disease with seeds. The latter are found on unprotected plant remains. During vegetation, pathogen forms an anamorphic stage, and teleomorphic in the end. Phomopsis helianthi causes damage to overground part of sunflower plants in form of necrotic stains, damage to stem tissue, loss of turgor, burns of leaves and under-harvest. Key words: annual sunflower, Phomopsis helianthi M., Diaporthe helianthi Munt Cv, et al., biology of development, distribution.


A method for measuring the absorption of I131-labeled fat is presented.
 In normal infants the degree of fat absorption, by the method presented, appears to be a function of age.
 In infants and children with cystic fibrosis of the pancreas the test provides a means of studying the lipolytic function of the pancreas and the efficacy of the addition of pancreatic extracts to the diet.
 The test provides a means of recognizing the presence and severity of the celiac state where it is a factor in malnutrition.


Abstract In ureter ligated or nephrectomized dogs continuously infused with 2 mEq KCl/kg/hr, a nonrenal K homeostatic mechanism retards the development of hyperkalemia by transferring much of the K load from extracellular to intracellular fluid. But, the K transfer capacity of ureter-ligated dogs is significantly less than that of equally anuric nephrectomized animals. However, K transfer ability in ureter-ligated dogs can be raised to the nephrectomy level if the kidneys are denervated or if the animals are vagotomized by cutting both cervical vagus trunks; in ureter-ligated preparations with bilateral adrenalectomy, vagotomy is without effect. It has been shown that in anuric dogs activity of β-adrenergic receptors is importantly involved in transfer of a K load to intracellular fluid. Our findings suggest that ureter-ligated kidneys give rise to neural impulses that course in fibers of the cervical vagus trunk and diminish K transfer by suppressing the secretion of epinephrine, a powerful β receptor agonist that is known to increase K transfer markedly in these preparations. Division of the renal nerves or of the vagus trunks in the neck interrupts the inhibiting neural impulses and releases secretion of endogenous hormone, with a corresponding rise of K transfer; unless the source of epinephrine is removed by adrenalectomy.


Recently, methods to accurately capture the motion of people gained increasing interest for various applications like animation, orthopedics, and rehabilitation. In particular, passive marker based motion capture systems provide accurate 3D position information of retroreflective markers that are attached to people. Inferring the poses of the underlying skeleton structure requires labeling of the markers, i.e., unique identification of each observed marker. Using currently available tools for this task entails time-consuming manual labeling. We present a novel method for fully automated pose estimation of the skeleton configuration of a person equipped with markers. In particular, our algorithm assigns markers to limbs, determines the correct labeling of the passive markers in each frame, and estimates the skeleton pose using optimization methods. The experimental evaluation shows that our method outperforms existing methods for skeleton pose estimation and is able to run online.


Description Bacterial strains in the gut microbiota diversified as humans spread across the globe The human gut harbors hundreds of species of bacteria. The most prominent species are found in people worldwide but display substantial genetic differences between human populations (1, 2). Piecing together how this strain-level diversity evolved has been a critical gap in understanding symbiosis between humans and gut bacteria. Because robust archeological and fossil records of human microbiota are lacking, lineage histories must be inferred primarily from genomic data, which have been difficult to produce in sufficient quality and quantity. On page 1328 of this issue, Suzuki et al. (3) report that strains within dozens of gut bacterial species diversified in parallel (codiversified) with human populations as they spread throughout Africa, Europe, and Asia, showing that these symbionts have kept fidelity to human lineages for thousands of human generations. In addition to revealing the evolution of the human microbiota, this discovery has implications for the generalizability of microbiota-based therapeutics.


A geomagnetic storm is mainly caused by a frontside coronal mass ejection (CME) hitting the Earth and then interacting with the magnetosphere. However, not all frontside CMEs can hit the Earth. Thus, which CMEs hit the Earth and when they do so are important issues in the study and forecasting of space weather. In our previous work, the deprojected parameters of the full‐halo coronal mass ejections (FHCMEs) that occurred from 1 March 2007 to 31 May 2012 were estimated, and there are 39 frontside events that could be fitted by the Graduated Cylindrical Shell model. In this work, we continue to study whether and when these frontside FHCMEs (FFHCMEs) hit the Earth. It is found that 59% of these FFHCMEs hit the Earth, and for central events, whose deviation angles ϵ, which are the angles between the propagation direction and the Sun‐Earth line, are smaller than 45°, the fraction increases to 75%. After checking the deprojected angular widths of the CMEs, we found that all of the Earth‐encountered CMEs satisfy a simple criterion that the angular width (ω) is larger than twice the deviation angle (ϵ). This result suggests that some simple criteria can be used to forecast whether a CME could hit the Earth. Furthermore, for Earth‐encountered CMEs, the transit time is found to be roughly anticorrelated with the deprojected velocity, but some events significantly deviate from the linearity. For CMEs with similar velocities, the differences of their transit times can be up to several days. Such deviation is further demonstrated to be mainly caused by the CME geometry and propagation direction, which are essential in the forecasting of CME arrival.


This handbook describes how to introduce injectable contraceptives to the suite of family planning services offered in an existing community-based distribution (CBD) program. The approach is based on the experiences of two recent pilot projects in Uganda and Madagascar. These countries were chosen because of a dire need for family planning services the existence of established CBD programs and the willingness of their governments to adopt this method of providing injectable contraceptives. The project in Uganda began in the Nakasongola district in 2004 and continues to this day. Its achievements have encouraged the addition of injectable contraceptives to CBD programs in other districts. The program was sponsored by Family Health International (FHI) Ugandas Reproductive Health Division of the Ministry of Health and Save the Children. (excerpt)


Offers a critique of the right-wing threat to American freedom and democracy as exemplified by the Bush administration, condemning its contempt for democratic principles and practice, bullying religiousity, and reckless militarism.


CONTEXT: Dr. Dushyant Sahani, director of CT at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston, evaluated the effects of the anti-angiogenic drug bevacizumab (Avastin, Genentech) on patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Perfusion CT was used compare changes in tumor perfusion with tumor size and biomarkers such as alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and circulating endothelial cells (CEC).


Over one million people die each year on the roads and about 20-50 million are injured. Traffic safety is a global problem that needs interdisciplinary scientific approach to develop methodology for safety studies that will lead to valid conclusions and in the end to suitable preventive measures. It is difficult to define what a safe and unsafe behaviour is. Transportation research tries to find relation between significant variables and traffic safety in the triangle of interaction between human, vehicle and environment. Raw accidents data excludes ex-ante evaluations and is insufficient due to the rare frequency and difficulty with investigating causes. There is still lack of consensus between researchers on usage of the traffic safety indicators and their cut-off values. Article presents different methods for measuring driver behaviour and objective behavioural indicators that are commonly used as traffic safety measures e.g. time to collision, post-encroachment-time, deceleration rate, time headway, red-light violations, lane deviations, gap acceptance and others. The aim of the paper is to provide general framework for exploring valid and reliable variables in the traffic safety studies.


The work contains selected results of research related to the systemic method of the improvement of artificial neural network parameters using Systemic Evolutionary Algorithm and Evolutionary Algorithm inspired by quantum computer science solutions. The work is the continuation of the research published earlier, in which a neural model of the Electrical Power Exchange was proposed for numeric data for the Day-Ahead Market. This paper also presents how the parameters of the neural network might be improved in a systemic method, by means of the Evolutionary Algorithm, and how to develop an Evolutionary Algorithm inspired by quantum computer science, and use it to improve the parameters of the neural model, including weight matrix. The research is being continued.


Purpose: Abnormal expression of E-cadherin has been shown to play a role in the progression and the metastasis of tumors. We investigated the correlation between the expressions of E-cadherin and the clinicopathologic factors and survival in pT2 gastric adenocarcinomas. Methods: We examined formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded archival tissues from 100 surgically resected gastric adenocarcinomas with pT2 lesion. Tissue preparations were stained with Zymed's monoclonal mouse anti-E-cadherin (clone: 4A2C7). We analyzed the correlation between the expressions of E-cadherin and clinicopathologic factors. Results: Normal gastric mucosa was immunoreactive with anti-E-cadherin antibody. Among the 100 tumors examined, 73 tumors showed expression of E-cadherin. The gender, age, size, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, stage (UICC), lymphatic invasion, vascular invasion were not related with E-cadherin expression but Lauren classification and histologic type were strongly correlated with E-cadherin expression (P=0.000, P=0.006). Though patients with decreased expression of E-cadherin showed a poorer median survival than normal expression (43.8523.95 months vs. 61.2733.47 months), expression of E-cadherin was not related with survival rate (P=0.668). Conclusion: In patients with gastric cancer, expressions of E-cadherin correlated with histologic type and Lauren classification but not with survival. (J Korean Surg Soc 2006; 70:91-97)


Abstract : A solution is given for the problem of finding a transition or switching curve in the phase plane for the expression mx + cx + kx = Df(x,x) so that solutions reach the zero state in a minimum time. The solution has applications in the design of servomechanisms and similar systems; f is a discontinuous function which assumes only + of - 1. The solution required the problem to be broken up into cases. Curves are included showing points in the xx phase plane at which f switches from +1 to -1 and vice versa.


Objective To explore the influence of nursing intervention on the prognosis of the patients with parotitis complicated with pancreatitis. Methods Slected 36 cases with parotitis complicated with pancreatitis from June 2008 to June 2010, and randomly divided them into control group and observation group. Both groups were treated with inhibit trypsin activity and pancreatic secretion drugs,antiviral therapy and fasting, supplement electrolyte and so on. control group was given routine nursing,while observation group received comprehensive nursing intervention. Observed the effect and prognosis of both groups. Results Abdominal pain response time and hospitalization time of observation group were shorter than control group's it had significant difference(P<0.05). The complication rate of observation group was 11.1%, while control group counted for 38.9%;there was significant difference between them (P<0.05). Conclusion Comprehensive nursing intervention can reduce abdominal pain of the patients with parotitis complicated with pancreatitis, improve effective rate of treatment, shorten hospitalization time, prevent the happening of complications.

Key words:
Parotitis;  Pancreatitis;  Nursing;  Intervention


Conversational (or spontaneous) speech is characterized by a great deal of pronunciation variability caused by various artifacts of natural speech (like the speaking style, speaking rate and surrounding words). This pronunciation variability is one of the main factors resulting in the poor performance of automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems on conversational speech. The main goal of this dissertation is to combine linguistic insights from speech production models and discriminative training techniques to tackle such variability. Also, for this purpose, we introduce two new techniques which are of potentially more general interest. We build on two popular tools that are used in ASR: dynamic Bayesian networks (DBNs) and weighted finite state transducers (WFSTs). First, we propose a discriminative training approach that allows selective training of WFST factors within an ASR system based on WFSTs. Second, we propose a technique to transform DBN models into equivalent WFST cascades that can be further discriminatively trained using our first approach. We employ the above approaches for building improved pronunciation models. We start with a prior DBN model of pronunciation that relates the movements of various articulators of a speaker to the sounds produced. We transform this


BACKGROUND: Managed care contracting arrangements between organized medical groups and health plans have several potential advantages to patients over direct contracts between plans and individual providers. Ongoing quality improvement efforts within the group structure and streamlined coordination of care of a group may lead to improved processes and outcomes for patients with diabetes.Fewstudieshaveexaminedwhetherthe qualityofdiabetescare within a single population might be affected from a change in contracting arrange-ments.METHODS: Data are from the Translating Research into Action for Diabetes (TRIAD) study, a multicenter longitudinal cohort study of diabetes care in managed care. For this analysis, we examined a single health plan, in which 1,138 2000-01.Betweenbaseline datacollectionand follow-up(2002-03),some group contracts were terminated in response to local market forces. Our primary pre- dictor was whether the participant was cared for in a multispecialty group (n=785) or by an individual provider (n=353) at follow-up. We examined sev- eral dependent variables: 1) processes of care, 2) intermediate outcomes, in-cludinghemoglobinA1c,bloodpressure,andlowdensity-lipoproteincholesterol(LDL),and3)whetherthosepatientswithpoorlycontrolledintermediateout-comesweremanagedwithaggressivemedicationregimens.Weconductedthesetestswithmultivariatemodelsthatcontrolledforpatientdemographicsandclinicalstatus.Usingthesemodels,weobtainedpredictedprobabilitiesandtestedfordifferencesbetweenthetwosettings.RESULTS:Nodifferenceswerefoundonanyofthemeasuredprocessesofcarebetweenpatientswhoremainedinmultispecialtygroupsandthosewhoseprovidersswitchedtodirectcontractingarrangements.Predictedratesofprocessdeliverygenerallyexceeded70%inbothsettings.47%ofpa-tientsinmultispecialtygroupsatfollow-upwerepredictedtohavepoorlycon-trolledbloodpressureascomparedto33%ofthoseinthesettingofdirectcontracting(p=.04),butnodifferenceswereseeninthepredictedratesofag-gressivebloodpressuremanagement.A1candLDLlevelswereequallylikelyto be controlled within the two settings, but enrollment in a group was associated with a higher predicted likelihood of aggressive management of elevated LDL cholesterol (64%) than receiving care from a direct-contract provider (48%, p=.003).CONCLUSIONS: This analysis found that patients with diabetes whose provid- ers leave a group still receive similar processes of care. While patients in multispecialty groups have higher blood pressures, this is likely due to patient- related factors as elevated blood pressure is managed equivalently within both multispecialty groups and direct contracting arrangements. Conversely, pa- tients in multispecialty groups receive more aggressive therapy for poorly controlled lipids, which could reflect increased attention to the macrovascular complications of diabetes within medical groups and health plans. Future in-depth studies examining shifts in financing arrangements may provide causal explanations for these findings.


Purpose. In our previous studies, application of trichloroacetic acid (TCA) to gingival fibroblasts or to canine palatal soft tissue was verified to alter the expression of several genes responsible for cell cycle progression. In order to confirm this effect in a system allowing sequential release of TCA and epidermal growth factor (EGF), expression of various cell cycle genes following the application of the agents, using hydrophobically modified glycol chitosan (HGC)-based nano-con-trolled release system, was explored in this study. Materials and methods. HGC-based nano-controlled release system was developed followed by loading TCA and EGF. The groups were defined as the control (CON); TCA-loaded nano-controlled release system (EXP1); TCA- and EGF- individually loaded nano-controlled release system (EXP2). At 24- and 48 hr culture, expression of 37 cell cycle genes was analyzed in human gingival fibroblasts. Correlations and the influential genes were also analyzed. Results. Numerous genes such as cyclins (CCNDs), cell division cycles (CDCs), cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), E2F transcription factors (E2Fs), extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) and other cell cycle genes were significantly up-regulated in EXP1 and EXP2. Also, cell cycle arrest genes of E2F4, E2F5, and GADD45G were up-regulated but another cell cycle arrest gene SMAD4 was down-regulated. From the multiple regression analysis, CCNA2, CDK4, and ANAPC4 were determined as the most influential factors on the expression of ERK genes. Conclusion. Application of TCA and EGF, using the HGC-based na-no-controlled sequential release system significantly up-regulated various cell cycle progression genes, leading to the possibility of regenerating oral soft tissue via application of the proposed system. (J Korean Acad Prosthodont 2021;59:379-94) https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7178-5296


The energy harvesting from ambient vibrations in the confined granular fill along the expressways and highways is a prospective power source for varied engineering applications. This paper presents the study of charge density, voltage output, and power from the PZT (lead zirconate titanate) patches embedded in dynamically loaded confined granular fill. The effect of the alignment of PZT patches, thickness ratio, material properties of the confined granular fill, and retaining structure on the voltage output is investigated. It provides the scope for the evaluation of voltage output directly from the stress-strain response, position of the PZT patch, and the engineering properties of the confined granular fill. The alignment of PZT patches in the horizontal and vertical directions has been examined analytically to optimize voltage outputs. The results indicate that the modulus ratio of the material, alignment of PZT patches, and gradation of infill material significantly affect the voltage generation. A relationship for voltage and power output has been proposed for a set of engineering applications. The observed voltage output is found appropriate for wide-ranging implements classified as low- (LRA), medium- (MRA), and high- (HRA) resistance applications. It is proposed to be up-scaled using multiple patches embedded throughout the confined granular fill and pavements subjected to continuous dynamic loads.


The UK advanced gas-cooled reactor (AGR) nuclear power stations are graphite moderated. Throughout reactor life, fast neutron irradiation and radiolytic-oxidation increase the risk of cracking in graphite components from the stress-concentrating keyways. Forward predictions of reactor integrity require knowledge of the strengths of in-service components, which are estimated from data that includes the flexural strength of reactor-extracted specimens and notched feature tests of non-irradiated graphite. The notch sensitivity of irradiated graphite is not monitored at present; knowledge of this parameter would increase confidence in the conservatism of the current assessments. This work is part of a project that aims to quantify the effects of loading mode and geometry on notch sensitivity, with the objective of developing a measurement methodology for small test specimens. The deformation fields ahead of wedge-loaded keyhole-shaped notches specimens of non-irradiated Gilsocarbon have been quantified by in situ synchrotron X-ray computed tomography (XCT), analysed by digital volume correlation (DVC), and compared with finite element (FE) simulations with experimentally accurate boundary conditions. Deviations from linear-elasticity were mapped to investigate non-linear damage development ahead of blunt and sharp features, with the aim of quantifying the damage-law for non-irradiated graphite. Heterogeneous behaviour was observed between the microstructural phases, but no significant concerted non-linear deformation at the notch tip prior to failure. The developed techniques will be used to study damage development in notched four-point bend testing of small Gilsocarbon samples.


Recent context detection techniques in smartphones leverage on the embedded motion sensors, which in turn increases the potential of side-channel attacks. We in this paper propose an alternative modality for obtaining mobility context using smartphone keyboard interaction patterns using a personalized framework. Experimental results show that the framework can predict the mobility context at an average F1 score (both micro and macro) greater than 0.6 across all subjects.


ABSTRACT Unmarried and childless women are frequently portrayed negatively in society. Social storytelling often renders them discriminated against, or in extreme cases, outcast by their kin or clan. Twelve semi-structured interviews were conducted with never married women to explore the concept of femininity, constructions of identity in daily-life, identity changes over time, marital status, and the interaction between having not married and womanhood. Data specifically relating to self-definitions of femininity and marital status concentrate on the speakers' constructions of themselves as both the subject (powerful) and the object (powerless) of their own reflective enquiry. Four key themes emerged through the analysis: 'Being Never Married'; 'Society's Perceptions'; 'Being Feminine'; and 'The Self and Transitions'. This study facilitates understanding of never married women's relationship with themselves, their gender identity, and marital status; and is key to understanding how this population discusses their marginalisation in society.


Estradiol is one of the most important factors supporting the growth and evolution of breast cancer; consequently, to block this hormone has been one of the main targets of breast cancer treatment in recent years. The evaluation of estrogens (estrone, estradiol and their sulfates) in the breast tissue of postmenopausal patients with breast cancer indicates high levels, particularly of estrone sulfate, which are 15-25 times higher than in the plasma. Two main pathways are involved in the formation of estrogens: the 'sulfatase' pathway which transforms estrone sulfate into estrone, and the 'aromatase' pathway which converts androgens into estrogens. Comparative studies in breast cancer tissues show that the sulfatase pathway is 50-500 times more important than the aromatase pathway. Using intact cells and physiological concentrations of estrone sulfate (5x 10-9 mol/l), the conversion to estradiol was very intense in the hormone-dependent (T-47D, MCF-7) breast cancer cells, but very little or no estradiol wa...


In order to further enhance the teaching quality in the process of learning and improving movement techniques, the author of the present paper has proposed his approach of adopting presentational training in tennis teaching by combining the theory of sports psychology with physical teaching practice. With a detailed analysis of the theoretical foundations and potential feasibility, the author has worked out his concrete teaching programs available for the method. The experimental results show that employment of presentational training in tennis teaching is expected to significantly promote the learning of movement techniques.


In recent times, a major share of human communication takes place online. The main reason being the ease of communication on social networking sites (SNSs). Due to the variety and large number of users, SNSs have drawn the attention of the computer science (CS) community, particularly the affective computing (also known as emotional AI), information retrieval, natural language processing, and data mining groups. Researchers are trying to make computers understand the nuances of human communication including sentiment and sarcasm. Emotion or sentiment detection requires more insights about the communication than it does for factual information retrieval. Sarcasm detection is particularly more difficult than categorizing sentiment. Because, in sarcasm, the intended meaning of the expression by the user is opposite to the literal meaning. Because of its complex nature, it is often difficult even for human to detect sarcasm without proper context. However, people on social media succeed in detecting sarcasm despite interacting with strangers across the world. That motivates us to investigate the human process of detecting sarcasm on social media where abundant context information is often unavailable and the group of users communicating with each other are rarely well-acquainted. We have conducted a qualitative study to examine the patterns of users conveying sarcasm on social media. Whereas most sarcasm detection systems deal in word-by-word basis to accomplish their goal, we focused on the holistic sentiment conveyed by the post. We argue that utilization of word-level information will limit the systems performance to the domain of the dataset used to train the system and might not perform well for non-English language. As an endeavor to make our system less dependent on text data, we proposed a multimodal approach for sarcasm detection. We showed the applicability of images and reaction emoticons as other sources of hints about the sentiment of the post. Our research showed the superior results from a multimodal approach when compared to a unimodal approach. Multimodal sarcasm detection systems, as the one presented in this research, with the inclusion of more modes or sources of data might lead to a better sarcasm detection model.


The cost of expressway construction project determines the economic benefit of enterprise.Heightening the level of cost management of highway project is an important way to enhance the economic benefit and social benefit.The paper discusses the standardization cost management of expressway construction project,analyzes the countermeasures and approaches of standardized cost management,in order to offer feasible reference for expressway project cost management.


A stylized fact of the housing market is the strong positive correlation between prices and trading volume. Loss aversion from the sellers is one of the most often suggested explanations for this phenomenon, through an increase in sellers' reservation value. This article demonstrates that on the contrary the effect of loss aversion is to decrease the reservation value and not to increase it. We suggest alternative behavioral explanations for the observed stylized fact.


This paper examines the consequences of the mid-1980s economic crisis on technological change and the international division of labour in the semiconductor industry in Penang. Consistent with orthodox Marxist economists increasing capital-labour ratios targeted at rising productivity through technological deepening the paper argues that the semiconductor industry is becoming more deeply rooted in Penang than before. The focus is increasingly shifting towards industrial deepening through the appropriation of relative surplus value, thereby offering Penang greater opportunities for technological upgrading and high income jobs.