In this paper, a lightweight anomaly detection infrastructure named Anomaly Detection by Resource Monitoring is presented for Information Appliances. We call it Ayaka for short. It provides a monitoring function for detecting anomalies, especially attacks which are a symptom of resource abuse, by using the resource patterns of each process. Ayaka takes a completely application black-box approach, based on machine learning methods. It uses the clustering method to quantize the resource usage vector data and then learn the normal patterns with a hidden Markov Model. In the running phase, Ayaka finds anomalies by comparing the application resource usage with the learned model. This reduces the general overhead of the analyzer and makes it possible to monitor the process in real-time. The evaluation experiment indicates that our prototype system is able to detect anomalies such as SQL injection and buffer overrun with a minimum of false positives and small (about 1%) system overhead, without previously defined anomaly models.


More than 4,000,000 Italians migrated to the United States in search of better opportunities; but their poverty, lack of education, Catholic religion and ethnic lifestyles denied them full inclusion in the mainstream American society dominated by middle class, white, Anglo-Saxon Protestants. This study examines the Italians' development of an Italian national identity in the United States, the transition to an American identity and the Italians' quest for inclusion within the mainstream society. Disdainful of education as contrary to the peasant familial value system, the Italian reliance on physicality marked a particular working-class habitus that transferred well to the labour gangs that built the American infrastructure, but their physical prowess allowed for greater recognition as Italian youth adopted American sport forms. Physical prominence led to university athletic scholarships and participation on US Olympic teams; while others pursued fame and fortune as professional boxers and in the American national game of baseball. In the inter-war years sport provided a primary vehicle for assimilation, acceptance and recognition as athletes such as Joe DiMaggio and Rocky Marciano became American icons of popular culture and fostered a golden age for Italian assimilation in the 1950s. A third generation, however, experienced a resurgence of ethnicity that resulted in a segmented assimilation in which Italians selectively adopted to the mainstream culture while retaining particular ancestral values and practices. Stereotypical depictions of Italians as gangsters and an adherence to past lifestyles suggest that full assimilation is not yet complete.


This paper introduces a novel apparatus and the analyzing method for hydrate blockage detection in natural gas pipeline using the ultrasonic focused testing technique. The apparatus mainly consists of three parts: an ultrasonic focused transducer, a supporting guide track and a positioning ruler for the transducer. It can be installed by fixing the guide track onto the pipe outer wall, and the distance of the transducer to the pipe wall can be adjusted with the positioning ruler. The reflection signals of hydrate surfaces can be then received and recorded by an oscilloscope. The hydrate thickness thus can be calculated by multiplying the ultrasonic velocity with the time difference between two reflections. A calibrating test using this apparatus certified that it can provide an accurate measurement of both the pipe wall thickness and the hydrate blockage thickness from outside of the pipe. A maximum hydrate thickness of 50 mm can be measured due to the high penetrability of the ultrasonic. The feasibility of applying this apparatus to the metal pipeline was verified with a carbon steel cylinder with ice attached on the inner wall. A 360° blockage profile around the cylinder was obtained with a step angle of 5°. The accuracy of measured thickness and cross‐sectional area of the blockage can reach 96% and 91%, respectively. Finally, an application test was conducted on a full visible flow loop of 35 mm inner diameter and 49 m length. The test results showed that the hydrate blockage contour measurement can be achieved with this apparatus despite the gas and water flow in the loop. This hydrate blockage detection apparatus can be applied to gas‐dominated pipelines in which hydrate mainly forms on the wall. Early warning of hydrate blockage can be further studied based on the measurement results using this apparatus.


This paper proposes a dynamic service placement policy that maximizes the benefits of a service provider with a limited average investment budget taking into account the reconfiguration delay and cost. The proposed algorithm captures (i) a tradeoff between the backhaul bandwidth usage and the lease of edge computing resources for services, (ii) a management of the spatio-temporal budget investment and (iii) a tradeoff between obtaining the benefit by placing new services at the edge servers and sticking to current states without the reconfiguration. Finally, we verify the performance of the proposed policy via simulations.


The purpose of this study was to analyze the face validity of the revised EPTA (English Proficiency Test for Aviation) to see if the tests actually contribute to the enhancement of aviation safety and achieve the purpose of the assessment. In order to reach the above objectives, 103 pilot test takers were surveyed, and nine in-depth interviewees were selected and interviewed. In addition, detailed research results were derived by dividing the participants into the pilot's flight experience (31 captain pilots, 42 first officer pilots, and 30 general commercial pilots). As a result, pilot participants were generally aware that EPTA was more reasonable because the revised EPTA properly implemented the aviation situation and gave participants motivation to learn aviation English. It was also seen that first officer pilots had a higher face validity of EPTA than captain and general commercial pilots. The reason was that first officer pilots considered air traffic control job was more important than other pilots did.


This paper explores changes in urban spaces among the close alleys of the JinguMae Shibuya Ward in Tokyo from the standpoint of cultural production and the emergence of investment companies. This paper will also discuss this case study from an urban sociology standpoint. The close alleys in the Jingu-Mae area of Shibuya Ward in Tokyo were residential streets until the 1980s. However, from the 1990s, these close alleys changed from residential streets to a global hub for upscale clothing design. With this change, the close alleys of Jingu-Mae became associated with a fashionable image and were featured in fashion magazines, which eventually attracted big investment companies. Beginning in the 2000s, these investment companies began buying commercial properties in the close alleys of Jingu-Mae by forming the Real Estate Investment Trust (REIT), through which they made various spatial renovations to these buildings and then selected their desired tenants so as to raise the buildings' exchange value. Consequently, land prices in Jingu-Mae's close alleys are rising slowly. We present a new hypothesis in which we predict that the new image of the JinguMae close alleys as a fashionable cultural center due to the presence of the clothing design industry will raise the exchange value of the clothes designed there. Support for this hypothesis would indicate that global cultural production of clothing provides opportunities for real estate investment. As a consequence, local residents, culturally designed clothing, and retail companies will become strongly connected to the global economy, which is already influenced by investment companies. This connection to the global economy could foster sustained urban growth of the fashionable quarters in Jingu-Mae.


Proximate analysis, fatty acid profile and mineral content were investigated in brown (Cystoseira corniculata, Padina pavonia) and red seaweeds (Laurencia papillosa and Jania rubens). The highest protein content was obtained for P. pavonia (35.40% dry weight) followed by L. papillosa (34.65% dry wt). Lipid contents of seaweeds ranged from 6.73% for L. papillosa to 0.12% dry weight for J. rubens. The fatty acid compositions of seaweed species included 31.66-47.97% saturated fatty acids (SFA), 23.04-32.06% monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and 11.58-18.08% polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Mineral analysis showed that the seaweeds contain high amounts of both macro minerals (Ca, Mg, Na, P and K) and trace elements (Zn and Mn).


Polyphenols are a class of chemicals with many beneficial effects on human health, due to their physiological function including antioxidant, anti-mutagenic and cancer preventive activities. There are economic advantages in extracting polyphenols from natural waste resulted from food industry processes (such as beer, wine or olive oil production). They can be reintroduced in industrials like pharmaceutical, cosmetic products or as food preservatives. The aim of this study was to analyze total polyphenols content and antioxidant activity in every stage of beer beverage process, starting with the analysis of raw materials (malt and hop) and ending with the resulted waste (brewers' spent grain). Total antioxidant activity was evaluated by indirect spectrophotometric method, which utilized 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) as generated system for free radical DPPH•. Total polyphenols content was determined using Folin Ciocalteu method. Finally, a correlation was made between antioxidant capacity and total polyphenol content of the samples taken into study.


Abstract. The paper is concerned with measurable and nonmeasurable subsets of the unit square (unit cube) whose linear (planar) sections have constant linear (planar) Lebesgue measure. Some properties of such subsets are studied and their connections with the existence of iterated integrals are pointed out.


The aim of this research was to better understand the effects of products quality, price reasonableness, brand image, and attitude towards customer's intention. This research was guided by four research questions: What product quality has a positive influence on express delivery services a positive attitude? What price reasonableness positive influence on attitude to use express delivery services? What positive effect on brand image expresses delivery services? What positive attitude influence on intention to use express delivery services? The methodology employed was survey of 100 customers plus in-depth interviews with courier service operators. Interviews and survey were conducted from August to October 2015. This research was used SEM techniques for data analyze. The results confirmed there was no relationship between products quality, price reasonableness and attitude. Furthermore, brand image has influence attitude. The mediating role effects of costumer's attitude for product quality, price reasonableness and brand image towards customer's intention offer new insight into antecedents on costumer's intention in a high influence. This study presents an original contribution to understanding brand image effect and its attributes either directly or through attitude towards customer's intention is determine.


In The Birth of Stars and the Discovery of Planets outside the Solar System, we discuss the formation of stars and planets in some detail. Stars like our Sun are formed when dense regions in a molecular cloud (made of gas and dust) feel an extra gravitational force and begin to collapse. This is a runaway process: as the cloud collapses, the gravitational force gets stronger, concentrating material into a protostar. Roughly half of the time, the protostar will fragment or be gravitationally bound to other protostars, forming a binary or multiple star system—stars that are gravitationally bound and orbit each other. The rest of the time, the protostar collapses in isolation, as was the case for our Sun. In all cases, as we saw, conservation of angular momentum results in a spin-up of the collapsing protostar, with surrounding material flattened into a disk. Today, this


Nuclear shadowng effects have been included in the Monte Carlo Glauber Model (MCGM) to study the correlation between multiplicity and the eccentricity of the geometry of the matter formed in relativistic nuclear collision.


Background: Many studys on Cesarean section patients have reported that a regnant women's coagulatory function are elevated during the postoperative period than preoperative period. But, changes in coagulatory function between the preoperative and postoperative periods has been demonstrated only in pregnant women. Therefore, we measured the coagulatory function of pregnant and nonpregnant women pre- and post-operatively by thromboelastography (TEG) and compared the results obtained. Methods: TEG was performed in 31 pregnant women that underwent Cesaren section delivery and 25 nonpregnant women that underwent total abdominal hysterectomy using native whole blood. The TEG variables included; reaction time (R), clot formation time (K), maximum amplitude (MA), angle, TEG coagulation index the percentage reductions in MA at 30 minutes (LY30) and 60 minutes (LY60). Other laboratory tests and routine coagulation tests were measured in all women. Results: R and K were significantly lower in pregnant women than in nonpregnant women (p angle and TEG index were significantly higher in pregnant women (P


Abstract : A pulse-by-pulse simulation of the Air Traffic Control Radar Beacon System (ATCRBS), developed by the Transportation Systems Center of the DOT, was adapted by the Electromagnetic Compatibility Analysis Center (ECAC) for use with the UNIVAC 1110 computer. The model was made more flexible by adding the capability to use automated input information about ATCRBS and aircraft deployment. A terrain mode was added so the effects of terrain on coverage can be assessed. In addition, routines were added that simulate the effects of staggered and jittered PRF's and transponder reply codes, so that near-synchronous interference problems, broken and false targets, and other time-related anomalies can be investigated. Within the scope of this project, code-data-sampling and code-validation functions of the following digital processors have been included in the simulation: ARTS III, AN/TPX-42, and the AN/FYQ-49 common digitizer. (Author)


The Material Accountancv Glove Box Assay System (MAGB) is a neutron coincidence counting system that has been developed under the akeement between Japan Nuclear Cycle Development Institute (JNC) and Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) in order to measure plutonium in the MOX transfer container in the glove box at Plutonium Fuel Production Facility (PFPF) in Japan. The system was installed at PFPF in August 1989 and afterwards it has been using for verification ofplutonium in the transfer container by inspectorate during inspection Process equipment to improve its performance has been installed in the PFPF fabrication line. As a result the number of sample requiredfor inspection increased. Since MAGBs were only used, it was anticipated that the reduction of the time of sampling and movement time of nuclear materialfor verification would be difficult. Furthermore, the sample has to be taken from the transfer containers that contain a large amount of plutonium. Therefore, in order to reduce the time for sampling, time required for the transfer container to arrive at sampling point, and personal radiation exposure, the integrated MAGB system combined with High resolution gamma-ray spectroscopy (HRGS), called M G B, was developed. This system was installed at PFPF in August 2000,more » and then, the functional test and the calibration were carried out in the presence of inspectorate. In the course of these activities, the data that is necessary for evaluating the system were fully acquired The system is now being in the process of evaluation whether it can be used as an attended safeguards system for International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and Japan Safeguards Office (JSGO).« less


There has been significant progress recognizing the value of Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (ISR) activities supporting Situational Awareness and Command and Control functions during the past several decades. We consider ISR operations to be proactive (discovering activities or areas of interest), active (activities performed for a particular task that flows down from a hierarchical process) or reactive (critical information gathering due to unexpected events). ISR synchronization includes the analysis and prioritization of information requirements, identification of intelligence gaps and the recommendation of available resources to gather information of interest, for all types of ISR operations. It has become critically important to perform synchronized ISR activities to maximize the efficient utilization of limited resources (both in quantity and capabilities) and, simultaneously, to increase the accuracy and timeliness of the information gain. A study evaluating the existing technologies and processes supporting ISR activities is performed suggesting a rigorous system optimization approach to the ISR synchronization process. Unfortunately, this approach is not used today. The study identifies existing gaps between the current ISR synchronization process and the proposed system optimization approach in the areas of communication and collaboration tools and advanced decision aids (analytics). Solutions are recommended that will help close this gap.


What determines the caliber of axonal branches? We pursue the hypothesis that the axonal caliber has evolved to minimize signal propagation delays, while keeping arbor volume to a minimum. We show that for a general cost function the optimal diameters of mother (d0) and daughter (d1, d2) branches at a bifurcation obey a branching law: d0v+2 + d2v+2. The derivation relies on the fact that the conduction speed scales with the axon diameter to the power v (v = 1 for myelinated axons and v = 0.5 for non-myelinated axons). We test the branching law on the available experimental data and find a reasonable agreement.


Reconstruction of temperature distribution through radiant image processing in 2 D furnaces is a typical inverse problem, and it is very sensitive to measurement errors by only one CCD camera. Radiant images captured by four cameras are used to add more useful information, and the inverse problem is converted into a kind of linear programming problem. Through adding constraints of the temperature bounds in its distribution, an interior point algorithm is adopted to solve the linear programming and forms a method of reconstruction and fast characteristic recognition of temperature distribution in 2 D furnaces. Calculation results for single peaked and double peaked temperature distributions in a 10m×10m furnace indicate that this algorithm can remarkably improve the accuracy of the reconstruction results with sensitive measurement errors, and can satisfy completely the requirements for application. This method can be easily extended into reconstruction of 3 D temperature distributions of utility boiler furnaces and applications in other related fields.


Self-adjusting dynamic pressure gas bearing elastic foil, which relates to a dynamic pressure gas bearing elastic foil. For conventional dynamic pressure gas the resilient foil bearing in operation, the presence of a large amount of air leakage from the both side edges of the flat foil, resulting in reduced carrying capacity of the gas dynamic pressure of the resilient foil bearing problem. The present invention consists of a housing (1), a corrugated foil (3), the flat foil (4), from the regulator (5) the composition; flat foil (4) mounted in the interior of the housing (1), the shell (1) with the corrugated foil and the flat foil (3) are in contact with the housing (1) peace foil (4) (4), from the regulator (5) is mounted on the housing (1) and it is located within the housing (1) and the flat foil (4) between the. The present invention is the addition of the original self-adjusting dynamic pressure in the gas the resilient foil bearing, the maximum pressure of the lubricating air film is transferred to both sides of the flat foil and allowed to filter through the self-regulating moderately deformed so greatly reduced airflow lubrication leakage from the side edges of the flat foil, increases the bearing capacity.


Background Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with persistent, inflammatory mediated organ damage. It has been suggested that omega-3-polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are low in SLE patients and that supplementation with omega-3 PUFAs might be beneficial. Omega-3 PUFAs can be metabolized to specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPM) in inflamed tissues. PUFAs, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), give rise to protectins and E-series and D-series resolvins, respectively. These SPMs help promote tissue repair and healing in addition to reducing neutrophil infiltration. Objectives To investigate (1) if SMPs can be measured in lupus patient blood and (2) whether EHA and DHA and SPMs were dysregulated in lupus patients compared to controls. Methods Blood samples were collected from 12 patients enrolled in the Autoimmune Disease Registry and Repository, a single center registry (1996-present) of patients meeting ACR SLE classification criteria. Samples were collected from 12 non-SLE-controls who were age (± 5 years) and race/ethnicity matched. Metabolomic profiling via tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS) was performed on serum and plasma to assess the PUFA and SPM levels. Results Levels of EPA and DHA were highly correlated in serum and plasma. Both EPA and DHA were significantly decreased in SLE patients compared to controls (Table 1). Neither plasma nor serum DHA or EPA levels was correlated with disease activity assessed by SLEDAI score. SPMs including PD1 and RvE1 as well as their precursors, 17-HDHA and 18-HEPE, were identified in plasma and serum samples from SLE patients. Plasma levels of 17-HDHA, as well as serum levels of PD1, 17-HDHA, and 18-HEPE tended to be reduced in SLE (Table 1). The SLE patients with a history of nephritis had significantly lower levels of DHA (p=0.03), EPA (p=0.05), 18-HEPE (p=0.03), and 17-HDHA (p=0.04) than SLE patients without nephritis. Conclusion SLE patients have lower levels of circulating EPA and DHA, the substrates for SPMs, relative to individuals without SLE. Lower levels of these PUFAs and some SPMs are associated with history of nephritis. Additionally, the levels of PD1, 17-HDHA, and 18-HEPE were measurable in SLE serum and plasma and tended to be reduced, especially in subjects with lupus nephritis. SPMs suppress the production of inflammatory mediators and promote resolution of inflammation. The lower levels of PUFAs and SPMs could contribute to the likelihood of developing lupus nephritis. Further evaluation of this relationship is warranted.Abstract THU0279 – Table 1 Metabolipidomics of SLE and Control Serum Metabolite (in serum) mean, (SD) Control (n=12) SLE (n=12) P Value Disclosure of Interests Julia Davis-Porada: None declared, Charles Serhan: None declared, Paul Norris: None declared, Peter Lipsky Consultant for: Consulting fees from Horizon Pharma, Jane E. Salmon Shareholder of: Biogen-Idec, BMS, Johnson & Johnson, Regeneron, Merck, Grant/research support from: UCB, Consultant for: BMS, Ionis


The IL-17 family is an evolutionarily old cytokine family consisting of six members (IL-17A through IL-17F). IL-17 family cytokines signal through heterodimeric receptors that include the shared IL-17RA subunit, which is widely expressed throughout the body on both hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells. The founding family member, IL-17A, is usually referred to as IL-17 and has received the most attention for proinflammatory roles in autoimmune diseases like psoriasis. However, IL-17 is associated with a wide array of diseases with perhaps surprisingly variable pathologies. This review focuses on recent advances in the roles of IL-17 during health and in disease pathogenesis. To decipher the functions of IL-17 in diverse disease processes it is useful to first consider the physiological functions that IL-17 contributes to health. We then discuss how these beneficial functions can be diverted toward pathogenic amplification of deleterious pathways driving chronic disease. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Immunology, Volume 39 is April 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.


This paper deals with a problem of program graph scheduling for a parallel with dynamic processor switching and data transfers on the fly. The architecture of such system is based on a concept of SMP clusters implemented in network-on-chip (NoC) modules, which connect processors to shared memory modules. Processors can by dynamically switched between clusters at runtime, allowing dynamic distribution of computation and communication between processor clusters. The collective communication capabilities of an intra-cluster communication network allow using data reads on the fly for effective intra-cluster data transfers. It consists in parallel readings of data which are written or read to/from a memory module through an internal data exchange network by many processors in this cluster. The paper presents a two-level scheduling algorithm based on Extended Dominant Sequence. The higher-level part of the algorithm defines distribution of program graph nodes between NoC modules. The lower-level part determines the scheduling of the program graph for a given distribution of program nodes on processors and SMP clusters.


The Vogel-Tammann-Fulcher (VTF) equation has been derived from the Adam-Gibbs (AG) model after accounting for the empirical nature of the temperature dependence of configurational heat capacity. An expression for describing the concentration dependence of the preexponential parameter of the VTF equation and another two-parameter isothermal equation for describing such dependences of transport properties are obtained. The applicability of the newly derived equations has been verified using the data available for several hydrate melts. The present study emphasizes the view that the glass transition temperature controls the concentration dependence of transport properties of glass-forming melts.


Abstract : The Space Environment Services Center (SESC) provides various products and services in support of users of solar-terrestrial information. In the past, representation by users of solar-terrestrial and predictions services has been regrettably low at the Solar Terrestrial Predictions (STP) Workshops. For users of solar-terrestrial information, and especially those who would be unable to attend the workshop, a survey was designed to help present their views. The survey presents a statistical study of the types of users surveyed, the SESC products and services used, how SESC is meeting user needs, and how SESC can improve products and services to the user. Results of this survey will enable SESC to provide more useful and effective products and services to the user.


Experimentally studied influence of heated antenna radome on quality of functioning of radiometric information systems of infrarcd and millimeter wave bands.


U.S. colorectal-cancer incidence has dropped by more than 45% since its peak in the mid-1980s, and related mortality has fallen by more than half. But though screening is often credited for these trends, it cannot explain such large decreases.


................................................................................................. XI CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION .................................................................... 1 1.1 Background to the Study ........................................................................... 1 1.2 Statement of the Problem ......................................................................... 2 1.3 General Objective ..................................................................................... 3 1.3.1 Specific Objectives ......................... ........................................................... 3 1.4 Research Questions ............................ ............................................................. 3 1.5 Significance of the Study ..................... ..................................................... 3 1.6 Delimitation of the Study ........................................................................... 4 1.7 Limitations of the Study ............................................................................. 4 1.8 Assumptions of the Study ......................................................................... 5 1.9 Definitions of Significant Terms .............. ....................................................... 5 1.10 Organization of the Study ....................................................................... 7 CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW ................................................... 8 2.


In this article, we present an analytical model for the surface potential (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\psi _{s}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) for metal–ferroelectric–insulator–semiconductor (MFIS) negative capacitance field-effect transistors (NCFETs) as a function of the gate voltage, by first developing the models regionwise (weak and strong inversion) and then merging them together in the moderate-inversion region by using a smoothing function. This model for <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\psi _{s}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is used subsequently to obtain the charge and capacitance behavior and eventually to the development of the current–voltage model. It considers various important technology parameters, i.e., substrate doping, ferroelectric (FE) and oxide thicknesses, remnant polarization, and coercive field. All the model results showed an excellent match with those obtained from TCAD simulations. It has also been observed that capacitance matching, and thus, gate control, improves with an increase in the FE thickness and the ratio of the coercive field to remnant polarization, which can be utilized effectively in device and circuit designs for low-power applications. The small-signal parameters, extracted from the current–voltage characteristics, show the first-order continuity, thus making the model suitable for circuit simulation.


This work focuses on an isolated offline driver to power LED lamps, realized with a high-power-factor quasi-resonant (Hi-PF QR) flyback converter with peak current mode control and employing constant-current primary-sensing regulation (CC-PSR). The converter is controlled with a recently introduced control technique that enables this kind of converter to ideally draw a sinusoidal current from the input source and, at the same time, to accurately regulate the dc output current using only quantities available on the primary side. The resulting absence of an optocoupler or other means crossing the isolation barrier to close a feedback loop not only reduces size and cost of the driver but also brings greater safety and reliability. The analysis addresses those factors inherent in the control method that affect the shape of the input current that have not been covered in the existing literature. The aim is to set up some design guidelines to minimize the Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) of the input current. The experimental work shows that using this technique enables the design of an LED driver for wide range mains (90 to 264 Vac) that achieves output current regulation better than ±2%, power factor close to unity and THD of the input current <10% over the input voltage range and over a 2:1 range of the output voltage.


In order to optimize the role and function of Teacher Guidance and Counseling in schools, it is necessary to socialize the understanding and understanding of several policies that contain the role and function of the Guidance and Counseling / Counselor Teachers to the school components and abort the assumption that the Guidance and Counseling teachers only help to solve the problematic counselees and also some Guidance and Counseling Teachers / Counselors who have not understand abouth her/his the role and function. In order to optimize the role and function of Guidance and Counseling / Counselor Teachers; there are several things that must be done such as;  1. to enrichment the role; 2. have to show the professionalism well; 3. help the students to choose and to establish the 'interest and idea"mprefessionally; 4. having a high commitment in effort to improve their qualifications and abilities to achieve the specified professional standards.


Author(s): Hester, Thomas R. | Abstract: A Bibliography of California Indians: Archaeology, Ethnography, and Indian History.Robert F. Heizer and Albert B. Elsasser, with the collaboration of James C. Bard, Edward D. Castillo, and Karen M. Nissen. New York and London: Garland Publishing, Inc., 1977. 267 pp., 2 maps. $23.00.


Circular cylindrical structures covered periodically with metallic patches are considered. After an analogy to planar periodic surfaces is shown, formulations are presented for calculating induced currents on the curved surface. The equations are solved and results calculated for the specific case of periodic strips on the cylindrical surface. For a cylindrical structure a two-dimensional periodicity exists, as in a planar structure, while a spherical structure allows only a rotational periodicity. When the cylindrical structure is excited by the characteristic harmonic of the system, the spectral response of the transmitted field exhibits resonances that depend on the surface periodicity, as is known for planar structures. Since the cylindrical structure contains finite closed regions, the effects of resonances internal to the structure are seen and give additional information as compared to planar structures. >


Google stadia is a cloud service that provides real-time gaming to remote users, and it pursues to deliver a high volume of multimedia data within low latency for a high level of user experience. It is known well that the google stadia service work without any considerable disturbances on the wired network. However, the wireless network has difficulty serving the high-volume and low-latency services such as the google stadia, and the various type of next-generation wireless communication systems also orients to solve this limitation. Meanwhile, in the wireless network, to design any proper scheme that could deal with the high-volume and low-latency traffic sophisticatedly, the elaborated traffic modeling method is also required. For this purpose, in this paper, we provide our findings for the implementing traffic generator based on the previous work which is related to the analysis of google stadia traffic.


This paper is an attempt to bring together observations conducted in three 'sanctuaries' of south-east Albania and observations regarding the international border between Greece and Albania and its impact on local society. The aim of this paper is not to give a detailed account of religious life in those places, but rather to contextualise the three festivals in the border area; it suggests that 'sacred places' are not insignificant places in the border area. In the first part of the paper, sanctuaries are described within the international border area. In the second part, I describe the role played by the international border in the definition and frequentation of the sanctuaries. There seems to be a complex relationship between local manifestations of piety and the international border: in this contested border area, where the territorial and minorities issues are intertwined with considerations about the religious boundary between Orthodox Christianity and Islam, the border has probably an impact on the existence of sanctuaries and shrines all over the area, as well as on their meaning and use by various local groups. On the other hand, sanctuaries and shrines can be seen as places where the social production of the border takes place; places where the border is challenged or reasserted, places where the border is experienced by and made visible to local population.


The impact of earthquakes on heritage sites is usually studied after a disaster has fallen and its impact on the site is evaluated. This study took the subject from a parallel point of view, which is the study of the state of the heritage site and its evaluation before a disaster. For this purpose, a heritage village in Jordan was chosen as a case study, the village of Dana in southern Jordan. Referring to previous studies and determining the research variables, the site was visited and the factors that could increase earthquake risks on site was studied. The case was evaluated, preparedness strategies were reached and the most important procedures were identified in the preparedness plan stages. The study concludes that the construction methods and materials used were not the cause for weakness, but rather factors related mainly to usage, lack of maintenance and the extraneous materials to the current construction and therefore the proposed plan was to achieve one aspect of developing strategies to preserve the heritage site of Dana, which is the non-structural aspect (Qualitative Approach) that demonstrates the most important causes of damage. The structural aspect can be discussed and studied separately.


Background Over the last 20 years, a decreasing trend in external skeletal robusticity and an increasing trend in overweight and obesity was observed worldwide in adults and children as modern lifestyles in nutritional and activity behavior have changed. However, body mass index (BMI) as a measure for overweight is not an ideal predictor of % body fat (%BF) either in children and adolescents or in adults. On the contrary, it disguises a phenomenon called "hidden obesity". Objectives We aim to approximate %BF by combining skeletal robusticity and BMI and develop an estimation-based tool to identify normal weight obese children and adolescents. Sample and Methods We analyzed cross-sectional data on height, weight, elbow breadth, and skinfold thickness (triceps and subscapular) of German children aged 6 to 18 years (N=15,034). We used modified Hattori charts and multiple linear regression to develop a tool, the "%BF estimator", to estimate %BF by using BMI and skeletal robusticity measured as Frame Index. Results Independent of sex and age an increase in BMI is associated with an increase in %BF, an increase in Frame Index is associated with a decrease in %BF. The developed tool "%BF estimator" allows the estimation of %BF per sex and age group after calculation of BMI and Frame Index. Conclusion The "%BF estimator" is an easily applicable tool for the estimation of %BF in respect of body composition for clinical practice, screening, and public health research. It is non-invasive and has high accuracy. Further, it allows the identification of normal weight obese children and adolescents.


Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is long established as a major option for renal replacement therapy in patients with end-stage renal disease. It is an important part of an integrated service for renal replacement therapy that is frequently selected by patients as their preferred initial mode of therapy and is a therapeutic option for patients wishing or needing to swap from HD and after renal transplant failure. This guideline is an update of the PD module published on-line on the Renal Association website, www.renal.org in 2007. The English language literature was searched to identify relevant articles on PD published between 2006 and 2010 including: . Medline search using 'peritoneal dialysis' combined with relevant terms . Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews . Review of other national/international PD clinical guidelines . Identification of further articles quoted in identified papers


Voluntary sterilization is the most prevalent method of fertility regulation, and its use is widespread in both developed and developing countries. The estimated number of couples controlling their fertility through sterilization has increased dramatically from 15 million in 197Oi to 100 million in 1980." The country reporting the highest prevalence of use is the United States, where 31.3% of married women of reproductive age are protected by surgical sterilization or by vasectomy of their husbands.3 This high prevalence in the United States has been almost stationary over the past few years. The increasing number of surgical procedures required to maintain this prevalence in a slowly growing population is well within the capabilities of the health service delivery system of the United States. Other developed countries have the capability of achieving a similar prevalence within a period of several years. In the developing world, especially in the most populous countries, the demand for sterilization is steadily rising, the preference being for female sterilization. However, the demand far exceeds the supply of services, which are virtually nonexistent in the rural areas, where most of the women live. This communication examines the benefits of sterilization and projects the potential demand or need for services. The shortcomings of existing sterilization technology is examined, as well as the hopelessness in meeting the potential demand if existing technology is relied upon. Nonsurgical female sterilization via intrauterine administration of quinacrine appears to stand alone in having the potential to meet the projected demand for female sterilization in the 1980s. The reasons for the belief that chemical sterilization will follow the same technology diffusion path (namely, from developing to developed world) as that for surgical sterilization via minilaparotomy technology are also discussed.


This paper investigates the implications of different conventions for evaluating small travel-time savings in transport investment benefit calculations. In a series of network simulations, the extent and composition of time benefits of different length, arising from a set of highway policies, are computed. Two alternatives are examined in detail: that in which travel-time savings below a critical threshold are given a zero value, and that of liner discounting below a threshold level. These are compared with a widely adopted convention in which a constant unit value of time is taken to evaluate user benefits. The implications for investment appraisal are considered.


Research was conducted on the active members of nature lovers SMA 1 Kartasura
Sukoharjo district to determine the level of knowledge about disaster mitigation
earthquake. The variables used were active members' knowledge of nature lovers
mitiasi against earthquake disaster. The population used are all members
active nature lovers were 30 to 12 students as administrators and 18 students
younger members. The analytical method used is quantitative descriptive analysis.
Data collection used questionnaires and interviews. Based on research hasi
and discussion of members' knowledge level research nature lovers SMA 1
Kartasura against tectonic earthquake disaster mitigation in the category
"High" with a percentage of 66.67% and a score of 280. The non-structural mitigation already
transactions are carried out in SMA Negeri 1 Kartasura ie, schools that have the front page
class is quite extensive and wide roads for escape route in the event of
earthquake. Basketball is widely owned by the school that could allow
as the assembling points or evacuation in case of earthquake.


Summary When washed cream was treated with copper and ascorbic acid and held at 2°C for 1–5 days a strong metallic, fish-oil flavour developed. Compounds responsible for the flavour were isolated and identified. Gas chromatographic separation of a flavour concentrate on a silicone oil column gave six characteristic flavour fractions which, in order of elution, were described as painty or drying oil, oily, mushroom, metallic, tallowy and cucumber. The flavours of all fractions were predominantly caused by carbonyl compounds and the oily and metallic fractions were the main contributors to the typical fish-oil flavour. The following compounds were characterized: n-pentanal and pent-2-enal in the painty fraction; n-hexanal, n-heptanal and hex-2-enal in the oily fraction; hept-2-enal and a carbonyl compound with a mushroom odour in the mushroom fraction; a carbonyl compound with a metallic odour in the metallic fraction; n-octanal, n-nonanal, oct-2-enal and hepta-2,4-dienal in the tallowy fraction; and non-2-enal in the cucumber fraction.


IN DECEMBER 2008, John W. Huffman, a professor of organic chemistry at Clemson University, received an e-mail that illustrates how pure scientific research can be exploited in unintended ways. The e-mail, from a blogger in Germany, alerted Huffman to the fact that the synthetic cannabinoid JWH-018 had been detected as an ingredient in some herbal blends marketed over the Internet as a legal substitute for marijuana. Huffman knows JWH-018 well. "We made the stuff in 1995," he says. "I had an undergraduate student working under the supervision of a very capable postdoc, and this was just one of the things we made." Their research was published in 1998 in the Journal of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics ( 1998, 285, 995). JWH-018 is the 18th compound that Huffman's research group synthesized in a series of more than 470 analogs and metabolites of ▵ 9 -tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the active component of marijuana. Huffman created these compounds to ...


This paper discusses how children's discourses in the classroom (re)produce articles of the magazine Ciencia Hoje das Criancas. For this purpose, we analyzed an episode in which the children reported on the texts they had read at home. Bakthin's concepts regarding verbal interaction and microgenetic analysis inspired the theoretical and methodological perspective of analysis. We recorded the work in science classes with children aged 9 to 10 years (4th grade of primary education), in a public school of Belo Horizonte city, Minas Gerais state. We observed that children's discourses contain some aspects of the language of science popularization and of orality. Organizing the class according to the science popularization magazine, in its original support, resulted in retextualizations with evidence of the understanding of the popular science texts, whether for their informative characteristics or for their narrative nature. Furthermore, the analysis of the interaction between orality and writing in the reading reports evidenced that children use science popularization texts both as a discursive practice and as an object, which was related to the development of the metalanguage competence. In this view, retextualization is a literacy practice that allows expressing knowledge, constructing ideas and the ability to use explanatory language.


Fuel savings in ship navigation has always been a popular subject in the maritime industry as well as the world's largest Navies. Oil prices and environmental considerations drive the effort for more fuel-efficient navigation. This thesis addresses the problem of deterministic minimum fuel routing by applying optimal control theory in conjunction with state of the art hydrodynamic and weather forecasting tools. A fictitious trans-Atlantic route is established and the optimal combination of speed and heading is determined, so that fuel consumption is minimized while certain safety constraints are met. The safety constraints are defined as the probabilities of slamming and deck wetness, both of which are not allowed to exceed prescribed limiting values. The problem formulation adopted in the thesis lies in the framework of Dynamic Programming, which is most suitable for computer implementation. The hydrodynamic performance of the ship is computed through the use of SWAN1, an advanced frequency domain CFD code. With the aid of SWAN1, ship motions and resistance can be accurately calculated. The latter includes the estimation of mean added resistance in waves, which has a major effect on the fuel consumption of ships sailing in rough seas. Wave and swell forecasts are provided in a deterministic setting by a third generation numerical wave model, the WAM cycle 4, developed at the European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). Utilizing the hydrodynamic results and the output of the wave model a computer program is developed in MATLAB®, which employs the Iterative Dynamic Programming algorithm to solve the optimal control problem. Thesis Supervisor: Paul D. Sclavounos Title: Professor of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture


Unemployment is one of the biggest problems of the modern world, and Pakistan is not an exception. Those who get jobs face a number of problems in their workplace. This chapter identifies various problems faced by Diploma of Associate Engineering graduates (DAE) on the job in Pakistan. The population of the study is comprised of DAE graduates and their managers/engineers. The findings of this study indicate that diploma engineers face a number of problems related to administration, working conditions, and professional development. Regarding promotion of diploma engineers, the promotion policy is not followed properly and there is a need to change it. From the analysis of narrative data, it is found that diploma engineers are not satisfied with family accommodation and pay scale. At the end of study, recommendations are made to overcome the above-mentioned problem areas.


The partnering of computer assisted qualitative data analysis (CAQDA) and GIS permits the analysis of voluminous historical documents and the incorporation of geographic perspectives to bring out spatial relationships that exist in the texts. The British Parliamentary investigations into sea fishing comprise a large body of evidence on the transformation of the trade, the exponential growth of the fish harvest, and the evolving recognition that over-fishing was underway. The use of CAQDA and GIS described in this article explores some 1,800 pages of testimony given by fisherman, scientific experts, and regulatory officials before the Parliamentary commissions of enquiry in 1863–1866 and 1893–1894.


Gomaa KFS, Bashir MO. 2017. Evaluation of five pearl millet ecotypes susceptibility to the nymphal instars of migratory locust. Trop Drylands 1: 57-63. The present study was carried out biological control unit of Insectary Laboratory, Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum, Shambat, Sudan. The study lasted from during the beginning of May 2014 to January 2015. The experiments were undertaken under semi-field (cage-experiment) conditions. The primary objective of the study was to detect the most preferred food variety on the development of nymphal instars (3rd & 4th instars) of the locust. Five different experiments with five ecotype varieties of Pearl millet Pennisetum glaucum var. were setup. Each experiment with three replications was applied topically on the 3rd and 4th nymphal instars. Each experiment lasted for four days. We grew the Millet in ground basin and plastic cup to feed the locusts and for experiment application techniques. Observed variables were recorded daily after 24 hours from the start of experiments until the fourth day. The food preference and ecotype susceptibility evaluation were based on the amount of food intake in gram, weight of food ingested and digested in gram, percentages, and amount of weight of feces in gram. The results showed a significant difference of susceptibility of five ecotypes of pearl millet. The susceptibility of feeding by 3rd and 4th nymphal instars was observed in all ecotypes. The study results showed that the preference of ecotypes by nymphs was increased according to increasing of application time. The highest one was Bayouda-late maturing compared to four other ecotypes. During the experiments, we noticed that the preferences of five ecotypes were elevated in the first and third readings of experiments. However, we discovered in the study that the susceptibility of five pearl millet ecotypes was according to the remaining amount of feces in any ecotype variety. The least amount of reminder feces was in Bayouda-late maturing ecotype, which means that most of the food intake was ingested, digested and assimilated as with the four other ecotypes. The greater percentages of ingested amount of food consumption for five ecotypes of pearl millet, with 3rd and 4th instars of African migratory locust, ranked as mentioned above. The research concludes that further works on evaluation of susceptibility of pearl millet varieties with different pest, particularly in migratory locust is recommended to detect the palatable target variety as a trap in pest management control.


Some naturalistic conceptions of philosophical methodologies interpret the doctrine that philosophy is continuous with science to mean that philosophical investigations must implement empirical methods and must not depart from the experimental results that the scientific application of those methods reveal. In this paper, I argue that while our answers to philosophical questions are certainly constrained by empirical considerations, this does not imply that the methods by which these questions are correctly settled are wholly captured by empirical methods. Many historical cases of successful answers to philosophical questions involve strategies and methods that allow the divergence from empirically established results. I develop this idea and then illustrate it with Frege's methodology in his Foundations of Arithmetic.


This anthology of Nehru's writings, edited by S. Gopal, is a comprehensive and first rate selection. It has been compiled mainly from his speeches and writings. The compilation indicates the evolution of his mind and personality and gives some idea of his enormous range of interests.


The symmetry of CBBD patterns provides a powerful means for determ'ning the crystal point groups and space groups. To obtain a useful CBED pattern, the angle of convergence of the electron beam must be large enough, but the diffraction discs must not overlap. A new method for obtaining non-overlapping large-angle CBED is proposed here. The principle of this method is equivalent to that proposed by Tanaka et al. Instead of shifting the specimen, the electron beam is defocused, thus retaining the eccentric height of the specimen. Hence the area of interest will not be lost when the specimen is tilted. Large-angle CBED patterns generated by a large electron probe (>2μm) may besdistorted, but they are useful.


This article traces the critical reception of Kurt Vonnegut's novels from the earliest reviews that detected the thematic inventiveness and narrative innovations of a wrongly neglected science-fiction hack to the recent monographs that analyze Vonnegut's œuvre as a major contribution to 20th-century U.S. fiction.


Mationg‐Kalaw E, Tan L H C, Tay K, Lim S T, Tang T, Lee Y Y L & Tan S Y
(2012) Histopathology
Does the proliferation fraction help identify mature B cell lymphomas with double‐ and triple‐hit translocations?


Aiming at credit risk of loan portfolios in banks,this paper proposes a surplus process of a loan portfolio,and establishes a ruin model with finite and discrete time.Using this model,we derive the ruin probabilities and their recursive equations for the class with single loan amount and the class with multiple loan amounts.In addition,we discuss the relationship between ruin probability and VaR(Value-at-risk).


This article investigates the relevance of the inclusion of non-traditional activities in the specification of banks' output on the efficiency of Indian banks. The results indicate that the exclusion of non-traditional activities not only understates the cost, technical and allocative efficiencies of individual banks but also affects the ranking of ownership groups in the industry. In particular, when a proxy for non-traditional activities is accounted for in the output specification, the foreign banks appear to be more efficient than public and private sector banks. Overall, the results reinforce the prevailing view in the extant literature that the exclusion of non-traditional activities causes misspecification of banks' output, and may distort the efficiency estimates.


Abstract : Due to the interference on board of the LCF between e.g. radar systems and the EOV-receiver, there is a need for a blanking system. This blanking system will be connected on several transmitters and takes care of the blanking of the influenced receivers. Due to the fact that this blanking system has many connections with other systems, this system can provide many information about the connected systems. By means of connecting this system on the central databus of the ship (CDS), this information becomes available throughout the entire ship. This report consists of a system design and a functional design and is meant to be the baseline for designing such a system.


a Senior Associate, Policy Research Division, the Population Council, New York, USA. Dr Phillips is Senior Adviser to the Navrongo Experiment, and has extensive collaborative involvement with the Community-based Health Planning and Services (CHPS) monitoring and evaluation and communication activities. b Director, Policy Planning, Monitoring and Evaluation Division (PPMED), Ghana Health Service, Accra, Ghana. Dr Nyonator was formerly Regional Director of Medical Services, Volta Region, where he sponsored initial exchanges between Volta district teams and the Navrongo Health Research Centre that set the stage for the CHPS initiative. c Staff Associate, Policy Research Division, the Population Council, assigned as resident adviser to the PPMED, Ghana Health Service, Accra, Ghana. Ms Jones collaborates on organizational research and the administration of grants and awards to districts participating in the CHPS programme. d Shruti Ravikumar is a student at the Yale Law School and an intern at the Population Council. She conducted the literature review for this study. Summary


Optical absorption and fluorescence emission spectral studies of acridine in different solvents namely, carbon tetrachloride, dichloromethane, propan-2-ol, ethanol, methanol, acetonitrile, and N,Ndimenthyl formamide have been investigated. Oscillator strength and transition dipole moment of the acridine have been elucidated from the optical absorption measurement. The ratio of the excited state to the ground state dipole moment of acridine was determined by solvatochromatism method.


This study was performed to evaluate the effect of supplementation of low crude protein (CP) corn-soybean meal diets which contained low ME levels with lysine (Lys), methionine (Met) and threonine (Thr) above that recommended by the National Research Council (NRC, 1994) on broiler performance, carcass characteristics and serum constituents from 12 to 33 d of age. A total of 100 Ross chicks were randomly distributed in a randomized complete block design among 20 cages with 5 replicate cages / treatment with four dietary treatments: T1=Control diet (21% CP and 3150 kcal/kg ME); T2, T3 and T4 contained 19.5% CP and 115% of Lys, Met and 108% of Thr compared to the NRC requirements; T2, T3 and T4 contained 3150, 3100 and 3050 kcal of metabolizable energy (ME)/kg, respectively. Cumulative feed intake, body weight gain and feed conversion ratio from 12 to 33 d of age was not affected by treatment. Birds which had received T2 and T3 had a higher dressing percentage compared to those which had received T1. Breast muscle yield followed the same trend; heavier breasts were obtained from birds which had received T2 and T3. Serum uric acid concentration was influenced by treatment; it was significantly higher for birds which had received the control diet compared to all other treatments. Based on presented evidences, it can be concluded, that by fortifying crystalline amino acids to broilers diet at this stage of production, dietary CP and ME could be reduced to 19.5% and 3050 kcal/kg, respectively.


Protected clinical support time is considered a core component of consultant practice across many specialties and has been an initiative supported by ACEM for all contract FACEMs for over 20 years. While the rostered time is considered appropriate for the senior medical officer group and their work needs, ACEM trainees do not need protected clinical support time. ACEM continues to support the policy that 30% of total employed hours for all FACEMs is assigned as clinical support time. This position is on the basis that the benefits to the practitioner, department and health service outweigh the potential negatives from reduced clinical time. However, and importantly, this sentiment is not echoed in the curriculum framework for ACEM trainees.


While most research has examined incivility in political contexts, few studies have explored the role of online incivility in contexts where partisan cues are lacking. Integrating insights from selective exposure, media salience, and serial position effects, we proposed the concept of "incivility salience" and examined how its two manifestations—position and proportion of uncivil messages in a comment thread—affected news engagement behavior. Through two conjoint experiments in the United States, we found that people avoided engaging with comment threads starting with uncivil content and the ones with a higher proportion of uncivil content. Furthermore, we identified that the salience of uncivil content could influence the extent to which people perceive such content as uncivil, which in turn impacts engagement behavior. Overall, this study offers a novel framework that considers incivility salience as a core element for understanding the perceptual and behavioral effects of online incivility.


The jamb (self-locking) process in single-point three-dimensional rough collisions in multibody systems may lead to a dual compression: a second compression phase develops after an initial compression-expansion one. In such a case the usual energetical restitution coefficient e w is ill defined. This article presents a thorough analysis, by means of the incremental Routh's model, of the conditions leading to dual compression in the case of perfectly elastic collisions. For a given general collision configuration and for each value of the friction coefficient greater than the threshold value for jamb, there is always a domain of directions of the incident velocity leading to dual compression. An application example is presented.


Polypropylene (PP) fibres are commonly used to restrict early shrinkage and control micro-crack propagation in mortars. However, increased porosity along with reduction in mechanical properties due to PP fibre addition is a concern. The study explores application of superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) to improve mechanical properties and permeability of PP fibre-reinforced mortar. The effect of SAP addition on fresh and hardened properties of fibre-reinforced mortar including flow, mechanical strength, elastic modulus and permeability are investigated. Experimental results show that a combination of SAP and PP fibre offers about 20% improvement in compressive strength. SAP addition increases the resistance of mortar to water penetration by up to 60%, whereas water absorption and coefficient of sorptivity is reduced by up to 46% and 66%, respectively, compared to the control. Improvement in permeability is linked to increased hydration due to SAP addition and blocking of voids by swelled SAP particles upon cont...


A process has been developed to manufacture biodegradable composite foams of poly(DL-lactic- co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and hydroxyapatite short fibers for use in bone regeneration. The processing technique allows the manufacture of three-dimensional foam scaffolds and involves the formation of a composite material consisting of a porogen material (either gelatin microspheres or salt particles) and hydroxyapatite short fibers embedded in a PLGA matrix. After the porogen is leached out, an open-cell composite foam remains which has a pore size and morphology defined by the porogen. The foam porosity can be controlled by altering the volume fraction of porogen used to make the composite material. Foams made using NaCl particles as a porogen were manufactured with porosities as high as 0.84±0.01 (n=3). The short hydroxyapatite fibers served to reinforce the PLGA. The compressive yield strength of foams manufactured using gelatin microspheres as a porogen was found to increase with fiber content. Foams with compressive yield strengths up to 2.82±0.63 MPa (n=3) with porosities of 0.47±0.01 (n=3) were manufactured using 30% by weight hydroxyapatite fibers in the initial composite prior to leaching. These composite foams with improved mechanical properties may also be expected to have enhanced osteoconductivity and hence provide a novel material which may prove useful in the field of bone regeneration.


The disruptions caused by COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected the assessment component of the undergraduate medical curriculum. The lack of physical ascertainment of the learning outcomes has forced the medical educators across the world to adopt online modes of assessment. Though multiple options like true / false, short answers and viva were available, the most common tool for many was multiple choice questions as they could be arranged according to the cognitive hierarchy of Miller's pyramid. The present study was undertaken to analyze the effect of incorporating images while framing MCQs for online anatomy assessment among first year medical students. The study was planned in a quasi-controlled design where a batch of 150 students were subjected to a set of 40 multiple choice questions (20 text based and 20 image based MCQs). The questions were designed following Ebel and Frisbie guidelines of MCQs and validated by three investigators independently. Three cycles of assessments were conducted, and the scores were analyzed. At the end of 3 cycles of assessment feedback was taken from the students regarding this method of assessment. The performance of students was better in image based MCQs compared to traditional MCQs in all regions. Upon documenting the percipience, students had felt that image based MCQs were interesting, improved their clinical reasoning skills, lateral thinking abilities and quest for learning applied anatomy. Thus, we postulate that image based MCQs could be considered as better assessment tool in the era of online learning KEYWORDS: Assessment, Clinical anatomy, Image based assessment, MCQs, Online learning.


Model checking by symbolic trajectory evaluation, orchestrated in a flexible functional-programming framework, is a well-established technology for correctness verification of industrial-scale circuit designs. Most verifications in this domain require decomposition into subproblems that symbolic trajectory evaluation can handle, and deductive theorem proving has long been proposed as a complement to symbolic trajectory evaluation to enable such compositional reasoning. This paper describes an approach to verification by symbolic simulation, called Relational STE, that raises verification properties to the purely logical level suitable for compositional reasoning in a theorem prover. We also introduce a new deductive theorem prover, called Goaled, that has been integrated into Intel's Forte verification framework for this purpose. We illustrate the effectiveness of this combination of technologies by describing a general framework, accessible to non-experts, that is widely used for verification and regression validation of integer multipliers at Intel.


A reflection on economical justice, considering the social aspects, the income distribution in Brazil and other countries and the social justice, in the context of globalization. The author discusses the possible solutions for the eradication of poverty in the world and the reduction of economical inequalities, through resources available today.


Application of network teaching platform can provide abundant resources for students' learning; it can break the limitation of time and space in traditional class teaching system. But in actual use, there have lots of shortages, such as low utilization rate, delayed feedback; this situation influences the effect of the network platform use. This paper will analysis the construction of existing network teaching platform, studies on network teaching platform of Autonomy guide, teaching interaction and so on, and improve the strategy to build it.


In order to segment images exactly and quickly, based on the traditional adjustment of colony algorithm selection strategy and defect honey, a new method based on a improved Artificial Bee Colony algorithm segmenting two dimensional Otsu images is proposed. This method looked on the image threshold value as artificial colony algorithm of the bees. The best threshold is approached in parallel via the division of labor, cooperation and information sharing of employed bees, onlookers and scouts. Effectively solved the problem of the traditional two dimensional Otsu image segmentation calculation defects, long operation time. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm not only can get the ideal segmentation results, but only improved the segmentation speed.


AbstractEach year, thousands of new utilities are installed within the highway right-of-way (ROW) nationwide. This proliferation of utilities yields a great challenge to the traditional practice at...


As we tried to emphasize in our editorial, we believe that considerable information is available to health care professionals as to the clinical utility (or lack of it) of the glycemic index in the treatment of patients with diabetes. Furthermore, if this information is deemed useful, there is nothing we or anyone else can or should do to prevent it from being communicated to patients with diabetes. The American Diabetes Association (1,2) did not question the fact that ingestion of equal amounts of different starches can lead to variations in subsequent plasma glucose concentrations, but rather the clinical utility of these findings for treatment of patients with NIDDM. In our editorial (3), we expressed our agreement with that point of view, and briefly pointed out why we believed that the experimental data were not sufficiently compelling to assign a high priority for incorporating the principles of the glycemic index into the dietary prescription for patients with diabetes. Other health care professionals feel quite passionately that we are incorrect in our view. Indeed, it is obvious from the letter of Brand Miller et al. that their adherence to the principles of the glycemic index has led to the publication of a popular book on the topic. Our congratulations to them. Unfortunately, we do not quite see the relevance of their three questions to our editorial. In reference to question 1, of course we believe that all studies attempting to evaluate the clinical effects of dietary perturbations be conducted in a scientifically rigorous fashion. However, in the absence of specific citations, it is impossible to know what putative flawed studies are being referred to by Brand Miller et al.. It would be impossible to respond to the implications in this question without writing a review article. The issues raised in question 2 also lack the specificity needed to provide a succinct answer. However, the metabolic effects of substituting polyunsaturated and/or monounsaturated fat for saturated fat have been summarized in two recent meta-analyses (4,5). It may not be acceptable to apply results in nondiabetic subjects to patients with diabetes, but perusal of these publications provides more than enough information to translate the fall in LDL cholesterol concentration associated with eating less saturated fat to a decrease in risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). As regards question 3, the simplest answer is that the issues raised in Wolever s commentary (6), as well as our editorial (3), were addressed to the treatment of NIDDM, not its prevention. Furthermore, before embracing the Harvard findings (7), it is necessary to point out that there are potentially confounding variables inherent in the epidemiological studies forming the basis of question 3 that are evident to anybody familiar with the problems of self-reported dietary and lifestyle behavior. At best, the results of such epidemiological studies provide hypotheses to be tested, not definitive answers to biological questions. The current controversy over the clinical utility of antioxidants in the prevention of CHD highlights the problems of overinterpreting the results of this form of clinical investigation. The current exchange of opinions concerning the clinical utility of the glycemic index in the treatment of NIDDM was apparently initiated by advice given to Dr. Wolever to "stop flogging a dead horse." Perhaps the best way to end it would be to follow the advice of Eliza Doolittle, who, in frustration over the use of words instead of action, exclaims toward the end of "My Fair Lady": "Words, words, words! I'm so sick of words!" She then goes on to point out that it is high time to substitute action for words, or as she put it, "Show me!" The major point we tried to make in our editorial was that complaints about the technical review (1) and American Diabetes Association position statement (2) or about the influence of the Stanford Group served no useful purpose. It seemed to us, and it still does, that the fundamental problem preventing widespread clinical use of the glycemic index is lack of compelling experimental data from investigators who have no vested interest in establishing its utility. What is needed is not more words, but a well-planned, multicenter trial involving at least some investigators who have not embraced the glycemic index, with results demonstrating its clinical utility in the treatment of NIDDM. Until such data are available, we truly believe that little is gained by the further exchange of letters.


The aim of this paper on the experimental research on gravitational waves is to stimulate the interest of the scientific community on this subject. In the following we try to stress the impact of this subject on fundamental physics, and the interdisciplinary aspects involved in the present experimental efforts. Details of current experiments will not be given. In sections 1- 8, we summarize the main features of gravitational waves and some of the principal astrophysical processes involving emission of gravitational radiation. In sections 9- 18, we review the detection principles, the intrinsic limits of the detectors and the peculiarities of the gravitational-wave data analysis.


ART Legislation Around The World: Current legislation in Europe, Shaun D. Pattinson The HFEA - 10 years on, Ruth Deech A survey of regulation of assisted reproductive technology in Asia, Jothi Kumar Canada's proposal for legislation on assisted human reproduction, Francine Manseau Regulating ART in the USA - a mixed approach, Jennifer Gunning Development of regulation of assisted reproduction: a world view of early days, Louis Waller Australia - a federated structure of statutory regulation of ART, Helen Szoke The New Zealand way - ART within an ethical framework, Rosemary De Luca. Access to ART: Access to assisted reproductive technology by people with high genetic risks and transmittable diseases, Guido Pennings Should there be limits on who may access assisted reproductive services? - a legal perspective, Kristen Walker Lesbian couples in DI practice, Anne Braeways Fertility rights - will the UK's Human Rights Act make any difference to access to assisted conception treatment?, Eric Blyth. Issues in the Regulation of ART: Choosing a child's future? - Reproductive decision-making and pre-implantation genetic diagnosis, Belinda Bennett Stored embryos and the value of genetic ties, Giuliana Fuscaldo Public interest in embryos, Julian Savulescu New consultation management process for managing divergent community views - lesbian and single women's access to artificial insemination and ARTs, Leslie Cannold and Lynn Gilliam The Australian experience of self-accreditation, Douglas Saunders Can the use of human embryos for research be banned or would that be unconstitutional in Australia?, Mark Richardson "Therapeutic cloning" - tortious risk management issues, Brenda McGivern.


The levels of BDNF, copper, zinc and common blood tests of two different groups of patients were considered: those with dementia syndrome and healthy older people. It would be premature to conclude that these indicators, with the exception of high density lipoprotein (HDL), are directly associated with clinical manifestations of this disorder. The HDL levels were significantly lower in dementia patients, compared to healthy control group, so it is possible to suggest that HDL can perform a protective function.


The association between the beautiful and the sacred goes back to the origins of the human species and continues to be an essential aspect ofUterary art even in our secular era. However one describes it, the link between the sacred and the beautiful cannot be broken, yet in recent years we have chosen for the most part to ignore or even to revile it. The relationship between play and order is intrinsic to the species, the place where ritual, literary, and cultural structures first articulate themselves and where societies continue to develop the means to make sense of their activities. We may have tried to hide from these fundamental features of the production of culture, but they are hard to avoid in any serious discussion of the way literature works. The goal ?? Play, Literature, Religion is to explore the relationship between Uterature and reUgion whüe also estabUshing the playful context at the center of both cultural regions. Each of the essays in the collection discusses some aspect of the link between literature and religion or the play of the sacred in general, making use of texts from various cultures. The mix of standard authors and less famüiar ones is a strength of the book, for it demonstrates the wide range of interest its subject can sustain and provides useful commentaries on writers who receive less attention than they deserve. Ofparticular note in this respect is Robert Royal's essay on Charles Péguy's Le Porche du mystère de la deuxième vertu. Royal's assessment of this long poem is masterful and compelling. It manages to bring forward all the central issues that are involved in the relationship that obtains among play, Uterature, and religion: "Other forms of playfulness mask ultimate despair; true playfulness can exist only where, in the strictest theological sense, both God and Man are really at play" (175). Just as Schiller long ago declared that we are most fully human only when we play, Royal reminds us that the playful always involves a profound encounter ofhumans with the sacred, however they may choose to define that region. Without such an awareness, the species collapses into despair. The best essays in the volume echo this theme and express it in other ways. Louis Dupré's piece on the relationship between play and ritual is perhaps the strongest declaration of the principal relations at the center of human cultures, the means whereby we structure our societies through the play between the context of everyday life and the sacred. Dupré reminds us that "the earUest form of human play defines a sacred order, whüe even the most solemn ceremony retains the memory of its playful origins. . . . Always and everywhere human beings


This paper introduces a new efficient Cascaded Integrator-Comb (CIC)-based decimation structure. The proposed filter uses a low-complexity passband droop compensator and the Chebyshev sharpening technique, both recently introduced in literature, to improve the magnitude response. In this way this method improves the worst-case aliasing rejection and simultaneously decreases the passband deviation of traditional comb decimation filters. It is shown that the proposed filter exhibits better characteristics than the traditional CIC filter and other recent methods from literature.


The aim of this paper was to study the effects of Al on the main root growth, the plant response to Al stress, and to determine whether the response is specific for Al stress. Three sunflower hybrids, stressed with different Al concentrations, in nutrient solutions containing CaSO 4 (0.5 mM), in aerated and non aerated experimental systems were used. The results showed a good relative root elo ngation rate at low levels of Al (even stimulation of root growth at Turbo hybrid), and the inhibition of growth at high levels of Al, after 72 h of culture. Under non aerated growth conditions, the relative root elongation rates were lower than in aerated systems (Alcazar hybrid was the most affected one, at lower concentration of Al; at higher concentrations, no difference was between the studied hybrids). By addition of citric acid in the stress solutions, the relative elongation rate of the roots was improved, with the increasing of the concentration of this acid up to 150 mM.


This study analyses trust in news and the relevance granted to journalism by different user profiles in three countries (Denmark, Spain and the United States), each from a different media system as identified by Hallin and Mancini (2004). For this research we used two online surveys (2019, 2020) carried out by the Reuters Institute with more than 2000 people in each country. Our results show that users who consume news through newspapers, radios and television trust news more than those whose main source of information are digital devices. Traditionalist users also have a higher degree of satisfaction with the classic functions of journalism: making the powerful accountable (adversarial function), disseminating current information (disseminating function) and explaining current events to the public (interpretative function). There are differences between countries, especially in the evaluation of the adversarial function. Spaniards, who belong to the polarized pluralist system, are the ones who worst value its fulfilment among their country's media.


To meet the philosophical underpinnings of Islamic financial institutions (IFIs), a sound shari'ah governance framework (SGF) for each and every IFI is vital. Establishment of a proper SGF is central for smooth and effective functioning of an IFI. In the periphery of shari'ah governance (SG), the role of Shari'ah Supervisory Boards (SSB) is considerably crucial. SSB constitutes one of the most important SG elements in a given IFI. One of the central objectives of SGF is to protect and boost the authenticity of IFIs among its stakeholders, which is instrumental for the resilience and growth of the industry. To achieve this, it is required that an end-to-end shari'ah assurance process is functionalised at IFIs. To this end, external shari'ah audit, which is a process of objectively evaluating the entire operations of an IFI from shari'ah perspective and ascertaining that all events are based on shari'ah principles, is of paramount significance.


In the field of civil aviation maintenance, it is necessary to identify aircraft skin damage, and then formulate a maintenance plan. The traditional detection method process is more complicated. This paper proposes an image-based skin damage recognition method. After pre-processing the samples to form a unified sample library, the eigenvalues of the samples are obtained by wavelet packet decomposition and gray-level co-occurrence matrix, and finally the c and g values in the optimal RBF kernel function are selected to construct a support vector machine training model and the test results show that with a low sample size, the constructed model is more accurate in identifying normal skins and accidental impacts, and the overall system recognition rate is 81.5%.


Laparoscopic surgery is commonly used in the abdominal creating minimal trauma to the patient. With the current standard videoscope, visualizing vessels under the tissue is challenging. Photoacoustic (PA) imaging is laser-generated ultrasound imaging that offers vascular mapping. However, most in vivo PA imaging is limited by the lack of depth penetration due to the insufficient illumination in deep tissue caused by the light scattering and the risk of over-irradiation near laser contact tissue. Having a method to bring the signal sensing device closer to the target area is critical for the PA-guided intervention. A miniaturized PA laparoscopic should increase the maneuverability inside the abdominal for better visualization of the operational region. A PA imaging probe mainly consists of optical fibers and an ultrasound (US) transducer. While the US device miniaturization has been investigated, previous works used customized angled-tips fiber for side-illumination to miniaturize the light delivery, requiring multiple fibers or having limited illumination region. Diffusing fiber can illuminate a wider region with fewer fibers than angled-tip side-illumination fibers. This could further minimize the diameter of the entire PA laparoscopic by several millimeters. We propose a PA laparoscopic system imaging with only two diffusing side-illumination fibers while maintaining high image contrast. The phantom study shows the system can image 0.30 mm resolution with a 30 dB signal-to-noise ratio in an optical scattering environment. The result demonstrated the feasibility of delivering sufficient energy with diffusing fiber to miniaturize the dimensions of the PA laparoscopic device.


Etiquette of media work is one of the sensitive and important topics as it strikes the balance between freedom of media, on one hand, and freedom of individual and community on the other hand. So discussing the topic -and the way the job is practiced in the reality on the ground- is the prior duty of experts and academics, especially when it comes to the consideration of the principles of etiquette involved in the occupation in an atmosphere of crises, complicated and sensitive situations.


The paper presents the HSM finite element formulation which extends common existing C-continuous large-deflection shell methods by the introduction of spherical interpolation of unit basis vectors, and higher-order representations of a virtual C continuous shell surface and its covariant basis vectors. These modifications greatly improve accuracy for elements which are highly curved, either in the undeformed case or after deformation, with the result that HSM can tolerate very coarse grids, especially in bending-dominated problems. This makes the method particularly well suited for intermediate-fidelity aeroelastic modeling, since coarse surface grids on aerodynamic bodies naturally results in highlycurved elements. Various structural phenomena common in nonlinear aeroelasticity, such as large deformations and buckling, can be thus be predicted with modest cost.


Although the number of women in the engineering field has increased since the 1960s, those increases have largely stagnated over the last few years. This paper re-examines the pipeline for bringing women into engineering and, based on survey data, examines the attitudes, motivations, and interests of 969 male and female engineering students. Gender similarities and differences are identified, and their implications for recruitment and retention of women are considered.


A finite element vector formulation for studying the electromagnetic interaction with infinitely long cylinders of arbitrary cross-section moving along their axes, is presented. The problem is solved in the laboratory reference frame by using the Minkowski transformed constitutive equation to take into account body motion. The formulation is verified by analysing simple structures for which an analytical solution is known.


Tcf1 is known to function as a transcriptional activator of Wnt-induced proliferation during T cell development in the thymus. Evidence for an additional contrasting role for Tcf1 as a T-cell specific tumor suppressor gene is now presented.


The invention provides a light guide plate which can alleviate light incidence unevenness adjacent to a light source. The light guide plate comprises a basal body having a first main face, a second main face and multiple side surface; a first optical element equipped on the first main face and extending in a way to be orthogonal to the first side surface of the basal body; and a second optical element configured on the whole range except the light incidence area of the second main face in a mutually dispersed way. A second optical element section perpendicular to the first side surface comprises a first inclined face directed towards a normal line inside the basal body and orthogonal to the first side surface and a second inclined face opposed to the first inclined face. A plane having the normal line of the first inclined face and the normal line of the second main face and the first side surface are at an angle ranging from 80 degrees to 100 degrees. So are the planes having the normal line of the second inclined face and the normal line of the second main face and the first side surface. A section cut parallel to the first side surface comprises opposed inclined side surfaces the projection areas of which on the second main face range from 0.0001 mm2 to 0.023 mm2.


The utility model provides a down pressing type machine for perforating and shearing tubes, which belongs to the field of office machines or binding machines. The utility model is composed of a base, a machine frame, a perforating assembly, a paper pressing assembly, a thickness measuring assembly and a tube shearing assembly, wherein the machine frame is arranged on the base. The perforating assembly, the paper pressing assembly, the thickness measuring assembly and the tube shearing assembly are respectively arranged on the machine frame. Each assembly are mutually connected and are controlled by a handle. The down pressing type machine for perforating and shearing tubes of the utility model has the functions of reasonable design, simple and compact structure, simple operation, small size, light weight, low cost, accurate positioning, high measuring precision, high work efficiency and the automatic realization of pressing paper, measuring thickness, shearing tubes and disconnecting paper despite of manual operation.


In this paper, compact and wideband microstrip tapered balun is proposed. Circular slot and double dielectric layer is adopted for miniaturization and balance performance of the balun. In addition, balance performances of proposed balun are measured with simple strip dipole. Bandwidth of proposed balun is 1 ∼ 7 GHz and length is 0.05 λ at 1 GHz. Balance performances are estimated by radiation patterns of dipole integrated with proposed balun.


In this paper a faster than real time model of an electric microgrid testbed is presented. The Fast System Level Model (FSLM) is a highly computationally efficient yet accurate model that tracks power and energy flow. The topology of the microgrid testbed being modeled emulates an all-electric naval power and energy distribution system. The FSLM is utilized as a Digital Twin (DT) model of the testbed to allow research into advancements that DT technology can bring about. Here we present four examples of the use of the FSLM for look-ahead simulation and for preemptive optimal control. Two examples of look-ahead simulation and two examples of control parameter optimization are presented. With advanced knowledge of system states and optimal control parameters for estimated load demand, the FSLM enables greater operator understanding of system status and performance and better, more efficient operation of the notional ship integrated power and energy systems.


We provide definitions of renormdynamic motion equations and some properties of renormdynamic functions with examples. Formal, longwave and shortwave solutions of the canonical equation for generalized (pseudo) analytic functions (GPF) are considered.


Objective: To compare quality differences of Cassiae Semen from different sources.Methods: The TLC method was used to identify Cassias Semen from different sources.HPLC characteristic spectrum method was used to compare the differences of components contained.Results: The thin layer chromatography spots of Cassias Semen from different sources could be a one-to-one correspondence.The signal of HPLC characteristic spectrum components was basically consistent.Conclusion: The types of components contained in Cassiae Semen from different sources are basically consistent,while the amounts are different between each components.


The boarding school chapters of C.S. Lewis's Surprised by Joy have been criticized for their questionable veracity, uneven quality, and disturbing strangeness – not what readers of Lewis normally expect. Identifying Surprised by Joy as a Menippean satire responds to these criticisms and clarifies its message. Its digressions and disjointedness; its encyclopaedic, opaque, densely academic passages; and Lewis's ambivalent responses to otherwise shocking, carnivalistic events contribute to a deeply unsettling narrative. These would be out of place in milder genres, but combined, they constitute many of the features that give Menippean satire its peculiar identity. On the surface, Surprised by Joy tells the story of Lewis's reconversion to Christianity. Beneath the surface, Surprised by Joy is a critique of a constellation of ideas and values that Lewis considered threats to truth and intellectual freedom, as witnessed in boarding-school and adult life. The strangeness and harshness of Menippean satire provides an appropriate genre to communicate Lewis's serious critique about what he believed to be a seriously problematic ideology.


(22) Filed: Jun. 24, 2009 The invention concerns a method for allocation of parameters for radio transmission in a wireless communication network using channel feedback compression, whereby at least one channel impulse response in the time domain for at least one connection (CH13-CH24) between an antenna (A1, A2) of a transmitter (BS) and an antenna of a receiver (MS) is deter mined, only the at least one complex coefficient related to one or more time intervals of said at least one channel impulse response with a power higher than a predefined threshold is fed back, and parameters for radio transmission are allocated to said at least one connection (CH13-CH24) based on the at least one channel impulse response which is fed back, net work elements and a wireless communication network there for.


This paper aims to review the play and the paradox of desire expressed in Manpoksa-jeopo-gi, focusing on the desire of the main character, Yangsaeng. Manpoksa-jeopo-gi shows that through play Yangsaeng alienated from the real world at the situation of loss and deficiency of his own wants overcomes the desire not to be accomplished at the real world. The hero, Yangsaeng creates a woman, who is an object within the desire Yangsaeng made. He indulges in the playful fantasy world with the woman, and after facing with paradox of desire he returns to the real world. Yangsaeng's deficiency and desire spread out from this work into the author, Kim, Si-seup. Both existential deficiency that deficiency cannot be fully satisfied and the paradox that desire can never existentially be fulfilled form peculiar meanings combined with the author's individual conflict situation. Kim, Si-seup cannot help living a realistic life, even though he continues to pursue the liberal and prodigal life. Using this playful fantasy, which is a little weird and fantastic, he seeks to find catharsis which can release the oppressed emotion. Accordingly, he makes his own playground in search for the gap of circle of time. However, the virtual world where play is given to Yangsaeng collides with the real experiential world and is eventually confronted with the paradox of desire which cannot be easily approached. In conclusion, Manpoksa-jeopo-gi shows the lamentation and solace in the desire of human beings, which cannot be released in this experiential world, and it can be understood in the perspective of the existential reflection about the paradox of desire.


Objective: To promote the rational use of drugs in pharmacy intravenous admixture services(PIVAS),ensure the patients' drug safety.Methods: It introduced to describe application status of the irrational use of drugs in pharmacy intravenous admixture services in China,and it gives some advice on the management of it.Results: There are some problems in incompatibility of drug in prescription,irrational select of menstruum,irrational ways of does,irrational concentration of drug,irrational total nutrient admixture in prescribe and so on.The PIVA should strengthen the management of unreasonable drug use,improve rational drug use level and promote the safety and efficacy of clinical rational drug use.


In the chemical investigation on the mangrove endophytes,seven compounds were isolated from the methanol extract of mycelium of marine-derived fungus Penicillium sp.On the basis of NMR spectral data,they were identified as:2′-deoxyuridine(1),thymidine(2),2′-deoxyadenosine(3),cyclo(tyrosyl-phenylalanyl)(4),serine(5),cyclo(seryl-tryptophyl)(6),and alanine(7).