1. Chloromyxum clariatis sp. nov. (fig. 1).Host: Clarias fuscus (Lacepede)Location: Membrane of gill pouchLocality: Oujiang river (28°N, 121°10′E), Zhejiang ProvinceCysts: White, small,about 20×30.Spores: Elongated spherical in thecal view, ellipsoidal in sutural view, acute in anterior end and rounded in posterior end. Shell surface smooth without any stria-tions. Pour pyriform polar capsules of same size, grouping at the anterior end; two of them under the sutural ridges one by one, and the other two, each inside of median shell valve. Dimentions of preserved (4% Formalin) spores: length 11.60-13,50, width 9.68-12.25, thickness 7.74-8.39; polar capsule 5.16-6.45 by 3.83-5.50.This new species resemoles Chloromyxum marinum Sehulman 1966, but differs from the latter in the more larger size of spore.2. Myxidium odontobuiis sp. nov. (fig. 2) Host: Odontobutis obscurus (Temm. et Schl.)Location: Urinary bladderLocality: Fenghua county (29°36′N, 121°24′E), Zhejiang ProvinceTrophozoite cyst unobserved.Spore: Isosceles triangular in thecal view, ellipsoidal in both sutural and end view, polar capsules arranged at the two sides of anterior endDimensions of preserved (in 4% Formalin) spores: Length 8.97-10.7, width 7.25-10.0, thickness 5.52-6.90, polar capsules spherical 3.45-3.80 by 2.62-3.11.This new species is somewhat similar to Myxidium triangulum Sehulman, 1962, but differs from the latter in the larger dimensions.3. Myxidium qiantangense sp. nov.(fig. 3) Host: Lateolabrax japonicus (Cuv. et Val.) Location: Uninary bladderLocality: Yongjiang river (29°48′N, 121°30′E), Qiantang river (30°18°N, 120°12′E), Feiyun river (27°42′N, 120°24′E), Zhejiang ProvinceTrophozoite and cyst: not foundSpore: Equilateral triangular in thecal view, ellipsoidal in both sutural and end view; polar capsules spherical, arranged at two sides of the wider end, sporoplasm uniform at the other end.Dimensions of preserved (in 4% Formalin) spores: length 6.18-6,53, width 6.53-6.87, thickness 4,47-4.81; polar capsule 2.40 by 2.40.This species is also similar to Hyxidim triangulum Sehulman, 1962, but differs from the latter in both size and shape.Measurements are in micron. Type specimens are deposited in the Department of Biology, Hangzhou University.


This study investigated some physicochemical properties of keratin extracted from Merino wool using five chemical extraction methods: alkali hydrolysis, sulfitolysis, reduction, oxidation, and extraction using ionic liquid. The ionic liquid method produced the highest protein yield (95%), followed by sulfitolysis method (89%), while the highest extraction yield was obtained with the reduction method (54%). The lowest yield was obtained with the oxidation method (6%). The oxidation extract contained higher molecular weight (>40 kDa) protein components, whereas the alkali hydrolysis extract contained protein material of <10 kDa. The sulfitolysis, reduction, and ionic liquid extracts contained various protein components between 3.5 and 60 kDa. Keratin obtained from various extraction methods had different yield, morphology, and physicochemical properties. None of the samples were toxic to L929 fibroblast cells up to a concentration of 2.5 mg/mL. Apart from the alkali hydrolysis extract, all other keratin extracts (reduction, sulfitolysis, ionic liquid, and oxidation) showed Fourier transform infrared adsorption peaks attributed to the sulfitolysis–oxidation stretching vibrations of cysteine-S-sulfonated residues, with the oxidation extract showing the highest content of cysteine-S-sulfonated residues. This study indicates that the properties of the keratin extract obtained vary depending on the extraction method used, which has implications for use in structural biomaterial applications.


The New York State Liquor Authority is hosting a free training seminar for licensees entitled "The ABC's of the Alcoholic Beverage Control Law." Scott Wexler, Executive Director of the Empire State Restaurant & Tavern Association (ESRTA), will provide instruction on Wednesday, May 20, 2009, at Brockport State College, located at 350 New Campus Drive, (First Floor of the Seymour College Union Ballroom), Brockport, 9:30 a.m. until 1:00 p.m.


The present invention, the adaptive, depending on that, in the RR (Receiver Report) packet of the RTCP packet is received from the receiving terminal, detects a packet loss rate, the detected packet loss ratio according to the adaptive multimedia data rate estimation method for the RTCP packet based estimated by modifying the available transmission rate, it is one to reduce the congestion of the network. To this end, the present invention is a process of transmitting the RTP packet to a receiver, receiving the RTCP packet from the receiving end and; Process of identifying the packet loss rate by extracting a RR (Receive Report) of the RTCP packet; Is between performing the procedure for calculating the estimated available transmission rate based on the packet loss rate, different methods, the process of calculating the estimated available transmission rate, packet loss rate is a first threshold and a second threshold value, a mathematical expression to use will be configured to include a step of setting the estimated available transmission rate. Formula; Here, s is the size of the packet, p is the packet loss rate, LSR (t


The aim of this study was finding the relationship between religiosity and adolescent aggressiveness at Madrasah Aliyah Assalaam Temanggung. The instruments are the religiosity scale and aggressiveness scale. Data was collected from 100 adolescence subjects ages 16-18 years, sitting in class X and XI MA Assalaam. Data analysis techniques used Pearson Product Moment Correlation (2-tailed). The result showed that the correlation coefficients obtained for (r) = -0.468 with a significance level of 0.000 (p <0.01). The conclusion, there is a negative significant relationship between religiosity to adolescent aggressiveness. The negative coefficient showed correlation to the both variables was negative. This means that increasing religious level can make decreasing aggression level, and converse, decreasing religious level can make increasing aggression level. Thus, the hypothesis in this study is acceptable.


The utility model discloses a novel easily tear lid, including circle lid and aluminium foil two parts, the circle lid is equipped with the hook limit respectively, immerses oneself in, joins in marriage a jar limit, injecting glue groove, hollows out the part and hollow out partial flange structure for being circular shape tinplate component, wherein, round opening is dug out to the middle part of circle lid, and form and hollow out the part, the partial the edge that hollows out of circle lid forms U -shaped or R shape flange structure downwards, the outer fringe part of circle lid forms the hook limit to turning over under the outside, the inner edge part that the circle covered is cascaded subsiding, subsides partial inboard transition face formation and immerses oneself in, and outside transition face forms joins in marriage a jar limit, just, joins in marriage formation injecting glue groove between jar limit and the hook limit, the cascaded part of subsiding still is formed with the laminating plane, the aluminium foil is circularly, and its the edge locates the laminating plane of ring lid through hot melt adhesive bonding laminating to to enclose the part that hollows out of lid seals, the upper surface of aluminium foil is unevenness's mat surface, and the seal is equipped with the pattern layer on this mat surface.


Chlorinated alkanes were heavily used in a wide range of industrial applications including as degreasers, paint strippers, chemical intermediates, and soil fumigants. These compounds are an environmental concern due to the adverse health effects associated with them and have been detected in environmental matrices including soils and groundwater. Chlorinated alkanes are recalcitrant, and current remediation methods that employ zero-valent iron (ZVI) are unable to directly dehalogenate these compounds, limiting the available approaches for in situ remediation of these widely utilized chemicals. This study employed a novel approach for the remediation of 1,2,3-trichloropropane (TCP), 1,2-dichloropropane (1,2-DCP), 1,3-dichloropropane (1,3-DCP), 1-chloropropane (1-CP), and 1,2-dichloroethane (1,2-DCA) in the presence of ZVI and vitamin B12, a naturally occurring electron mediator. Batch reactions were performed in order to determine a kinetic model for the associated degradation mechanisms. Dechlorination byproducts were confirmed through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) coupled to a purge and trap. Free chloride was quantified by ion chromatography (IC) utilizing suppressed conductivity detection. In the absence of vitamin B12, reductive dechlorination of chlorinated alkanes was observed to not occur when exposed to only reactive ZVI particles (<5 μm). However, in the presence of ZVI combined with vitamin B12, complete reductive dechlorination was observed and followed a pseudo-first-order reaction.


The linear architecture of the MAST (Manufacture Arts Experimentation Technology) multipurpose building in Bologna hides a complex combination of functions and spaces surrounding the core of the building and forms its raison d'être: the sublimation of innovation in manufacturing industry within the retrospective heritage of art and its projection in human memory. In this way, factors normally regarded as secondary to industrial activity become a central part of it and are acknowledged as its true roots and instinctive vision. The building acts as the vehicle for a declaration that there are no innovative ideas other than those arising from the interaction between memory and the capacity to project. The functional distribution traces a passage from emotive education (nursery) through formal teaching (classrooms) and the conservation of memory (museum and exhibition area) to listening (auditorium). Each function is acknowledged, not as a self‐contained unit, but rather as a component part of the driving force of innovation, which propels a capacity for technological process that is anything but sterile. In such a setting, the steel structures are the very symbol of the transition from tradition to innovation [1].


The invention discloses lactobacillus acidophilus cryoprotectant, which contains 1.0 to 5.0 percent of trehalose, 5.0 to 20.0 percent of defatted milk powder, 2.0 to 8.0 percent of cane sugar, 0.4 to 1.0 percent of D-isoascorbic acid and 0.5 to 2.0 percent of monosodium glutamate. The lactobacillus acidophilus cryoprotectant has the advantages of small size, high bacteria content, low pollution, convenience in preservation, transportation and use and the like. The viable count of the actobacillus acidophilus dry powder prepared by utilizing the lactobacillus acidophilus cryoprotectant can reach more than 4.0*10 CFU/g.


There is provided a method and apparatus for offboard navigation of a 5 robotic device. The method comprising defining a threshold value of a positional accuracy of the robotic device, calculating latency of a network through which the robotic device and a server communicate, the latency of the network being a difference between sending sensor data from the robotic device to the server and receiving processed data corresponding to the 10 sent sensor data by the robotic device from the server, and determining speed of the robotic device based on the threshold value of the positional accuracy of the robotic device and the latency of the network.


Objective: This study aims to characterize fatigue in women with breast neoplasia submitted to chemotherapy treatment under the affective dimension of the Piper Scale - Reviewed.Materials and Methods: It was a descriptive, cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach and it was carried out in the Outpatient Unit of a specialized clinic in Mammary Pathology of the Pernambuco Cancer Hospital (PCH). The data collection procedure was carried out by signing the Free and Informed Consent Term (FICT) and later responded to the collection instrument at Piper's Fatigue Scale - Revised.Results: The results of the study revealed that the destructive characteristic of fatigue, presented higher mean (6.40), as well as higher level of fatigue (prevalence) felt by the patients. 25.6% of the women described their fatigue with the maximum value of the scale, that is, as this unpleasant. It was observed that 80 patients (25.2%) outlined their fatigue as being more negative, thus marking the maximum extreme (ten) of the series. Conclusion: In view of this, it is necessary to have strategies to relieve the symptoms affected by the treatment.


Abstract Purpose: To understand why individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD) participate in a community-based therapeutic dance program and to explore its influence on perceived physical, social and emotional well-being of participants. Methods: A qualitative descriptive design was employed using one-on-one semi-structured interviews. Individuals with PD who participated in the Dancing with Parkinson's program were recruited from two locations. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, de-identified and then placed into NVivo 10 software for analysis. A content analysis approach was used with an inductive analysis method to generate a coding scheme. Group discussion facilitated development of overarching themes. Results: Ten participants' responses revealed that the dance program allows for self-improvement and regaining identity through disease self-management. Positive influences of socialization arose through the class, decreasing isolation and improving quality of life. Participants communicate through music and dance to enhance connection with others. Conclusions: Dancing with Parkinson's classes allow for re-development of the social self, which can increase sense of enjoyment in life. Dance programs provide opportunities for social interaction, non-verbal communication and self-improvement, reestablishing self-identity and a sense of usefulness. This study provides unique insight into the experience of participating in a dance program from the perspective of individuals with PD. Implications for rehabilitation Dance is emerging as a strategy to address the physical and psychosocial effects of Parkinson's disease (PD), but little is known regarding participants' perceptions of community-based therapeutic dance programs for PD. This study found that Dancing with Parkinson's (DWP) facilitated an improvement in social participation, resulting in decreased isolation and improved quality of life. Participation in the DWP program can facilitate a positive change in perspective and attitude toward a PD diagnosis, thereby increasing feelings of self-efficacy and improving self-management of the disease. Participants of this study emphasized the multifaceted benefits of DWP, suggesting that it has great potential for addressing not only the physical challenges, but also the cognitive and emotional challenges associated with PD.


Parental death during childhood is widely viewed as an event so traumatic as to produce not only immediate grief and despondency but also a predisposition to react with depression when faced with loss or rejection in adult life. Empirical evidence relating to the relationship between parental death and depression is provided by more than 20 controlled studies conducted during the past 2 decades. A critical review of these studies is presented, and it is concluded that parental death during childhood has not been established as a factor of etiologic significance in adult depression or any subtype of adult depression studied to date.


The resolution of the spectroscopic data can be improved by mathematically removing the degraded effect of the instrument response function. Based on the Shalvi-Weinstein criterion, a statistical neural networks based blind deconvolution algorithm for spectroscopic data is proposed. The true spectra and the spectral slit functions of measure instruments can be estimated simultaneously. Especially, the pre-whitening processing can result in a robust convergence, and the noise can be reduced considerably meanwhile.


Bronze Age, preclassical and classical sites have yielded quantities of pithoi, decorated and plain, from house, palace, temenos and cemetery.' Being of a heavy construction, they lasted well: a pithos of the late eighth century B.C. was found where it had been used by the Hellenistic occupants of a house at Phaistos,2 and the many examples with ancient mends show that they were valuable; one did not thoughtlessly go out and buy another.3 Even if thoroughly broken, the fragments could still be used: as chimney-pots and well-heads, or lining for a well-shaft,' while smaller pieces might serve to line a tomb. The word pithos was applied by the ancient Greeks to vessels large enough to be used for the


PurposeLibraries are increasingly trying to communicate the library's contributions and telling the library stories. Stories can be a component of impact assessment and thus add nuance to an assessment. Evaluations of libraries can include collecting and presenting stories of change, which can serve as evidence in impact assessments. The narrative field allows for many different approaches to a narrative perspective in the study of libraries, but the existing literature provides little overview of these studies. The purpose of this study is to introduce the narrative field and present a systematic review of the existing studies of libraries that use narrative approaches.Design/methodology/approachThe methods in this study comprise of a systematic review of publications reporting narrative approaches to studying libraries. To retrieve the relevant studies, Library and Information Science Abstracts, Scopus, Web of Science and Proquest Dissertation were searched. Furthermore, the authors examined reference lists and performed citation searches. Study selection was performed by two reviewers independently. Using designed templates, data from the included studies were extracted by one author and confirmed by another.FindingsThe database searches retrieved 2,096 records across the four databases which were screened in two steps, resulting in 35 included studies. The authors identify studies that introduce narrative enquiries in library studies as well as studies using narrative approaches to the study of libraries.Originality/valueExploring narratives and stories for understanding and evaluating the library's worth is a promising field. More work is needed, though, to develop theoretical and methodological frameworks. Several of the included studies can serve as examples of the potential of a narrative perspective in the study of libraries.


The following is a technique for analyzing the area underneath a GaAs integrated circuit or discrete device which may aid in failure analysis. This procedure has been used in the past by the microelectronics community, and it is reviewed here for GaAs monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMICs) and discrete devices. Because it is a destructive method, we use it in our lab after all other testing is completed. The substrate thickness of the GaAs is ∼4 mils (25 μm).


for producing washed suspensions of spores of various species of BaciUus.3 Optical density (O.D.) reduction was em- ployed as the criterion of germination;4 O.D. changes were measured in a Klett-Summerson photo-electric calorimeter fitted with green filter no. 54. Fully germinated spore suspensions usually exhibited reductions in O.D. of 60-80%. Examination with a phase-contrast microscope for nonrefractile spores was also used as a check on germination.' Except where specified, germina- tion experiments were done at 37°. Spores were preheated' for 1 hr at 600 prior to each use and then chilled immediately. The hydrocarbons were pure grade (99 mole % minimum purity), purchased from Phillips Petroleum Co., Bartlesville, Oklahoma. The chilled spores were added to tubes containing ice-cold water or solutions of appropriate germinants, and the hydrocarbons were added while the tubes were sitting in an ice-water bath. Gases were bubbled through the suspensions and the tubes closed with silicone stoppers. The longer chain hydrocarbons (n-pentane through n-hexadecane) were added as liquids and dispersed by shaking. The stoppered tubes were then transferred to a 370 water bath and O.D. measurements made periodically, beginning at the moment they were placed at 370; the tubes were thus exposed to the hydro- carbons during the entire incubation period. Occasionally there was observed a tendency of the spores to creep up the walls of the tubes or to concentrate in the hydrocarbon phase. In such cases the germination was carefully checked by independent methods, e.g., phase microscopy.


This paper studies the issues of college students' Entrepreneurial Intention(EI) in contemporary China and reports the current domestic and international situation of college students' entrepreneurship by using survey data and multi-regression model. This paper investigates factors affecting the entrepreneurial intention of 391 Economic Management Majors college students in Higher Vocational Colleges of Jiangsu Province. It is found that there are close relations between personality traits, entrepreneurial sensitivity,perseverance, self efficacy, subjective norms and contemporary college students' entrepreneurial intention. The results show that students with independent character have strong entrepreneurial objective; students with higher venture sensitivity, perseverance and self efficacy also have strong entrepreneurial objective; subjective norm is correlated with entrepreneurship objective significantly and positively,students with heavy economic security have weak entrepreneurship objective. According to the research conclusion, some suggestions are given on classification management of entrepreneurs, entrepreneurship curriculum construction and reform and they provides safeguard for our country to encourage entrepreneurship.


The perceived threat of 'enhanced' global warming has become a widespread public concern since the late 1980s, with the balance of informed opinion urging world-wide collaboration on combating the causes of global warming. The increasingly globalised status of the majority of late twentieth century economies ensures that remedial action will ultimately require a degree of international cooperation. Although the formulation of environmentally friendly energy policies, including carbon reduction strategies, can be framed at international and national levels, recent trends are for CO2 reduction measures to be instigated by regional, or local, authorities.This paper focuses on the city-region of Greater Manchester, U.K., and reviews both existing and potential energy supply options for reducing regional CO2 emissions, highlighting the benefits and obstacles facing carbon reduction measures implemented at a 'local' scale1. Mitigation action at this level is considered desirable as remedial measures have most chance of success when accompanied by the supportive involvement of local people.


We present here detailed results on multifractality based on Hwa's formalism in proton - nucleus interactions at an energy of 800 GeV. The dependence on the target and the number of collisions in an interaction, on the multifractal characteristics has been analysed in terms of moments in a two-dimensional phase space. The power-law behaviour of the moments suggests a multifractal behaviour. The spectrum of the rapidity density index has been determined for nucleon and AgBr targets and also for the different number of collisions in the interactions, which exhibits self-similarity. The rescaled spectrum has also been investigated for various classes of interactions. The distributions show the universality of the multifractal structure for q>1.


【Most patients who have suffered from pain and muscle weakness on femoral nerve distributing area show no definite pathologic finding on X-ray or laboratory examinations. Therefore proper diagnosis is difficult to determine for the proper treatment of the symptoms. Based on my clinical experiences and anatomical studies, I have found most of these symptoms are a result of femoral nerve compression on trigger point of psoas major muscle. Accordingly, releasing the compression of femoral nerve by Laser stimulation and local anesthetic injection to the identified trigger point of psoas major muscle was found to be an effective treatment for femoral neuralgic pain.】


In the experimental study on the base-isolation building with short colunm bearing of steel tube concrete, we find that the face friction forcc of top and bottom of the isolation bearing is always existing. In this paper, through the pseudo static tests of isolation bearings,the restoring force model of the bearing is set up. On the basis of these results, the seismic response analysis for a base-isolation building with short column bearing of friction-steel tube concrete is performed by using the high order single step method. The results prove that short column bearing of friction-steel tube concrete has good effect on base isolation.


Case Report A total laryngectomy was performed in a 45-year-old non-atopic man because of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. A rubber disc was put over the tracheostomy to support the cannula that runs from the trachea to the outside. 8 months after surgery, a pruriginous fissured eczema appeared on the skin around the tracheostomy. We found the following patch tests to be positive, as defined by the ICDRG (Table 1). A latex prick test was negative.


Interleukin‐10 (IL‐10) down‐regulates T helper type 1 cell and macrophage functions. As IL‐10 is induced along with tumour necrosis factor (TNF) and IL‐12 in mycobacterial infection, we asked whether endogenous IL‐10 plays a role in the antimycobacterial response. We demonstrate here that IL‐10‐deficient mice eliminate Mycobacterium bovis Calmette–Guérin bacillus faster than wild‐type mice. Granulomas are significantly larger, containing more CD‐11b‐ and CD11c‐positive antigen‐presenting cells and T cells, and the expression of major histocompatibility complex class II and intracellular adhesion molecule‐1 is increased. Macrophages in granulomas of IL‐10‐deficient mice express high levels of TNF, acid phosphatase and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Finally, an increased cutaneous delayed‐type hypersensitivity reaction to mycobacterial proteins is further evidence of an augmented cell‐mediated immune response. In conclusion, the cell‐mediated immunity is enhanced in the absence of IL‐10, resulting in a robust granuloma response, which accelerates the clearance of mycobacteria. Therefore, endogenous IL‐10 attenuates mycobacterial immunity.


sidiary activities as handling the returned goods problem, caring for stock, store housekeeping, and building store goodwill. A final chapter deals with some of the problems of store management. Each chapter is fortified for teaching purposes by a series of questions and simple problems in dealing with which the student must apply some of the material contained in the chapter. It is doubtful if the book will be useful as a text in collegiate courses in retailing. Its tone is definitely vocational and it emphasizes heavily the down-to-earth details of getting a job in retail selling and .making a success of it. It should be of great value in secondary school teaching and in the conduct of training courses in retail establishments themselves. The English is simple, clear, interesting, and hard to misunderstand. The presentation is lightened and fortified by well-chosen pictures, drawings, and charts. R. S. ALEXANDER Columbia University


This paper presents a proposal to contribute to improve the level of English during the teaching-learning process in El Salvador. The English Proficiency Index Report states that El Salvador is located in position number 56 out of a total of 100 countries, with its corresponding indicator of low level of English. We have designed an Interactive Kinect Application for Learning English Vocabulary. The proposed software is aimed at collaborating with the teaching work carried out from the classrooms, but in a way that is more attractive, motivating and entertaining for elementary level students that could facilitate the learning of English using Advanced Interaction Technologies and Kinect Sensor. This aforementioned Kinect Application will be used in elementary public and private school in the capital city of El Salvador.


In this paper, using the Mothed of Optimization and Nonlinear regression analysis to analysed the parameter K,a and b in Logistic curve with the SAS/STAT Software.The results showed that it is best estimation.


since the early part of the twentieth century1 and significant range-wide population declines have been documented.1-3 As a result, extensive research has been conducted on sage-grouse populations, behavior, and habi tats1'4'5 and a large body of literature now exists describing the species' biology and conservation issues. Despite this wealth of available information on sage-grouse populations and habitats, a review article by Brunner6 was recently published that was replete with ambiguous or misleading information on sage-grouse population biology and habitat.


The scientific work of the Belgian mathematician and astronomer Georges Lemaitre is generally wellknown. On the other hand, almost nothing has been published on his life as a priest or on his theological conceptions. This article tries to fill in this gap by giving an analysis of Mgr Lemaitre's life as a priest and more particularly his ties with the «Priestly Fraternity of the Friends of Jesus» founded by Cardinal Mercier. The article first of all sketches the history of the «Friends of Jesus» and then studies the mutual influence of this priestly fraternity on the Belgian cosmologist. Finally the article gives as appendices some hitherto unpublished documents concerning Mgr Lemaitre which come form the archives of the «Friends of Jesus».


Red gypsum waste generated from a local company in Malaysia were investigated in order to determine their physical and chemical properties. Red gypsum is a byproduct during the extraction of titanium dioxide from the ilmenite ores is tested for its characteristic that will be useful information for unsaturated soil and highly plasticity clay that are current scarce. Highly plasticity clay is often used in creating a barrier or backfill material. General properties such as physical and chemical properties are tested using standard laboratory procedure. Testing included the measurement of particle size analysis, cation exchange capacity and some important properties including atterberg limit, surface area and organic matter. Keywords—Red Gypsum; Titanium Dioxide; Highly Plasticity; Cation Exchange Capacity; Organic Matter


ABSTRACT: Gender violence is one more example of inequality suffered by women. Providing prevention and reaction rights, among others, in the workplace interpreted in a broad sense, the suppression of this scourge can be achieved. Hence, progressively more and more equality plans are incorporating content aimed either at raising awareness, or at prevention or, above all, at the socio-labor protection of women victims of gender violence. The main objective pursued by this research is to analyze the treatment of gender violence made by the equality plans approved during the last five years in Spain. For which, we have a sample of 60 equality plans negotiated and agreed with the representatives of the workers and located in the Register of Collective Agreements. The results show that, although it is true that there are many plans that do not treat gender violence and some do so but only superficially, we believe that the fact that about 80% of the equality plans analyzed contemplate some Mention of this scourge should be valued very positively as a reflection of the progressive attention and, therefore, importance of these instruments that, surely, should be the object of clearer coordination at the legal level that prevents a watertight treatment of two realities –the inequality and violence against women– logically and intrinsically connected.


The effect of field enhancement at Fin corners on program characteristics of FinFET Split-gate metal oxide nitride oxide silicon (SG-MONOS) is analyzed. The program characteristics using source-side injection (SSI) are found to be insensitive to the variation of the curvature radius at Fin corners, which shows the robustness of FinFET SG-MONOS to Fin shape variation inthe fabrication process.


Solar energy is one of the most promising sources of energy for the future energy scenario. Being clean and renewable energy source, a lot of research is happening across the world in the solar energy sector. Solar photovoltaic is considered to be the best means of tapping solar energy. Power electronics is considered to be the key driving technology for harvesting energy from solar photovoltaic. In this paper, an efficient energy conversion scheme for a stand-alone solar photovoltaic power plant is presented with details on control schemes. Simulation studies and test results on laboratory proto unit are also presented.


Two separable and distinct antigens, the so called M and T substances, have been found to participate in the serological reactions of group A hemolytic streptococci (1-7). The current serological classification into specific types is based upon the M antigens without regard to the presence in the same cells of T antigens, which often give rise to cross-reactions (3, 6-8). Earlier failure to recognize this fact often confused the interpretation of the cross-agglutination frequently observed between strains of different specific types. In previous work the various combinations of M and T antigens which occur in group A streptococci of different types have been studied (3, 6, 7). Although a distinct M antigen occurs in each type, 1 the same or a closely related T antigen may be common to more than one type. Several series of types with related T antigens have been studied in detail (7). In other instances cross-agglutination reactions between different types have been observed which are probably also referable to T antigens, although the antigenic relationships have not been analyzed. Thus, in general, M and T antigens vary independently between different types but they sometimes parallel each other in distribution, for example, in types 2 and 6. ~ In strains of any given type, a T antigen may be either present or absent (3, 5). This antigen is usually a very stable antigenic component and, under laboratory conditions, its loss has been observed in only a single instance (3). At the present t ime it is not known whether the strains which on first isolation are devoid of T substance once contained this.component and then lost it, or whether these particular streptococci always lacked this antigen.


The article presents the results of an analysis of Polish scientific conferences devoted to problems of higher education. The analysis focuses on two related issues: the intensity of the scientific and conference debate and its detailed subject matter. From a theoretical point of view, scientific conferences have been included as an element of the dispositif of the university, a discursive system that combines strong regulatory processes with interpretive multiplicity and openness (Maese & Hamann, 2016; Angermuller, 2010). The results of the study showed: 1) a limited share of scientific conferences in the debate on the reform of higher education, 2) their thematic consolidation, and 3) formations of pedagogization, economization, metaphorization and ethicalization of knowledge about the university as part of conference discourse.


In the article the availability of transport services at transportation of passengers is definite by a railway transport. The rational level of tariffs is calculated, that takes into account solvent demand of population on the example of the South railway. The problems of unprofitable of railways of Ukraine are reflected in passenger transportations, in that number in suburban connection in composition social policy of the state and basic directions are selected in relation to the rise of their level of break-even.


The present invention discloses a film-forming material is one kind of liquid distribution falling film evaporator apparatus, comprising: a feed inlet connected to the liquid pipe by side and evenly distributed at the two-stage cascade dosing mechanism, the dosing mechanism and fixed and an array of plug heat exchange tubes, wherein the dosing mechanism comprises a buffer solution inlet, a first stage of V-shaped grooves with liquid overflow hole shaped second two dosing devices; plug according to any one of heat transfer tubes having a flexible central positioning means and three lateral circumferential established aliquots of liquid inlet hole; present invention adopts two-stage cascade overflow buffered dosing mechanism and the combination of uniform apertures, semicircular hole inlet side and the flexible centering means combination, such that the liquid feed distribution in the heat transfer tubes forming automatically, the liquid distributor to ensure that the pipe wall is always uniform gap; dosing mechanism of two-stage cascade, to improve uniformity of film formation, thereby improving the exchange vaporizing heat transfer area and thermal efficiency of the tube; in addition, the liquid discharge head can be used for mass distribution, increased interchangeability of products, easy assembly and disassembly.


This paper reviews trade liberalization of Japan's agricultural sector in the past 50 years and compute welfare impact of such liberalization. Using detailed data of Japan's agricultural sector, we compute elasticities of substitution for each agricultural product group based on the methodologies of Broda and Weinstein (2006) and Soderbery (2015). Using these estimated elasticities of substitutions, we compute welfare improvement by the trade liberalization following the recently developed methodologies for the computation of welfare improvement by Arkolakis et al (2012) and Ossa (2012). We find 5 to 15 percent welfare improvement vis-a-vis autarky situation.


This Congress has an opportunity to reverse a two-decade trend of federal domination in health programs by approving the President's program to increase the responsibility of state governments for administration of health programs. The Congress is thus faced with a momentous decision: Will it trust the states with such responsibility? Conversely, will the states accept the challenge and assume such responsibility? For almost two decades, there has been a steadily increasing concentration of control in Washington, DC, of health care programs. Program after program has been added to the federal ambit, building on the foundation programs of Medicare and Medicaid. While there have been minor swings of the pendulum, at times sharing some control with the states, the overall movement to Washington has resulted in the dominance of the federal government as the most significant entity affecting health care provision in the United States today. Its influence and policies do


Used as the implantable member, or within the human vascular and / or the medical device for blood flow restoration is self-comprises an inflatable member, a guide wire and a connection mechanism. Self-to inflatable member comprises a plurality of cells and filaments having a thickness, width and weight of a particular range. The self-inflatable member has a volume overlapping edges - when the wound may take the form of a reduction type, is expanded and inflated, it is possible to generate an optimal radial force against the vessel wall and / or thrombosis.


A Kondo-lattice theory is applied to the t – J model on a quasi-two dimensional lattice. The Kondo temperature T K or k B T K is defined as an energy scale of local quantum spin fluctuations, with k B the Boltzmann constant. The bandwidth W * of quasiparticles, which is approximately given by W * ≃4 k B T K , is renormalized by the Fock-type term of the superexchange interaction. When the lifetime width γ of quasiparticles is so small and temperature T is so low that \(\gamma/W^{*}\lesssim 1\) and \(k_{\text{B}}T/W^{*}\lesssim 1\), the renormalization is large. Even in the limit of the half filling, for example, the bandwidth W * is nonzero and of the order of | J |, with J the superexchange interaction constant between nearest neighbors. The Kondo temperature k B T K , which also gives a measure of the strength of the quenching of magnetic moments by local quantum spin fluctuations, increases away from the half filling; it is smaller for larger γ. Therefore, local-moment magnetism, which is characterized...


Animal studies are often used to determine whether new drug molecules accumulate in tissues ''as is'' or as a metabolite. Typically, these studies use a range of doses to determine the dose level at which the drug becomes unsafe and usually start out with rodent models, as lethal dosages are typically reported in rats. Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI), which are used to treat human immune-deficiency virus (HIV), are being studied in our laboratories to determine their fate in biological tissues, such as rodentia organs. For new cells, this class of HIV treatment compounds block HIV infection by binding directly to reverse transcriptase to prevent RNA conversion to DNA.1 Reverse transcriptase is an enzyme from HIV needed for reproduction and to infect more cells. One such NNRTI compound under investigation as a potential therapy for the treatment of HIV is 2-[4-chloro2-(3-chloro-5-cyanobenzoyl)phenoxy]-N-[2-methyl-4((propionylamino)sulfonyl) phenyl]acetamide, whose chemical structure is shown in Fig. 1. In rats, this compound rapidly converts to the active compound, N-[4(aminosulfonyl)-2-methylphenyl]-2-[4-chloro-2-(3-chloro-5-cyanobenzoyl)phenoxy] acetamide. Its chemical structure is shown in Fig. 1b. This latter compound has shown significant activity in vitro against both wild type and resistant HIV. At the conclusion of a six-month rat toxicology study, microscopic observations of the liver, duodenum, jejunum, and mesenteric lymph node sections showed crystalline material. Because of the presence of both the prodrug and active compound as solutes in the tissues and blood of the liver, the identification of the crystals by the normal method of homogenization of the liver followed by liquid chromatography would not be definitive. Moreover, crystals of the pro-drug are rapidly hydrolyzed to the active once tissues are homogenized for HPLC analysis, so that the crystal might falsely be identified as mainly active. Therefore, a nondestructive method was needed to identify the crystalline material itself with minimum interference from any solubilized components. Reflectance microscope-based Raman and infrared (IR) spectroscopies are known to provide signature spectra, which can differentiate the pro-drug from its metabolite.2 Raman microscopy has been shown to be useful


To investigate the fatigue behavior of bonded ceramics, Si 3 N 4 /Si 3 N 4 and Al 2 O 3 /Al 2 O 3 joint specimens were three-point-fatigue-tested under static and cyclic loading at temperatures ranging from 300 to 1 038 K in air. Fractographic observation was also carried out using SEM after the fatigue test. Restriction of the strain in the joining layer due to the difference in Young's modulus between ceramics and metals causes triaxial tension in the tension side of the joining layer, accelerating the formation of small cavities. Therefore the process of strength degradation owing to fatigue is controlled by the rate of either the cavity growth or the crack growth, depending on which one is dominant. At low temperatures, the fatigue process is mainly controlled by crack growth; on the other hand, formation of small cavity and its growth seem to be predominant factors in controlling the fatigue process at high temperatures. Therefore, the triaxial tensile stress component is a very important factor in evaluating the fatigue life of joints at high temperatures. However, a fairly good estimation of the fatigue life is obtained using nominal bending stress. It is also found that the fatigue life can be estimated using the bending strength of joints.


With the rapid development of computer technology and network technology,all kinds of digital language learning systems come into being,and the construction of language labs shifts gradually from simulation to numeralization and networking.Based on the analysis on the kinds and characteristics of technology of digital language learning system,together with the use of digital network language lab in Tianjin Vocational Institute,this paper studies on the application and management of digital network language lab in foreign language teaching and other issues concerned.


Gamification in cargo delivery sector with a sample application and its results are investigated in this work. Monitoring cargo movements and accurate customer feedback are crucially important in cargo de-livery sector. Hence, delivery personnel have to enter necessary information after every step in the delivery process. The integrity of the data determines the quality of customer feedback. Gamification technology i s employed for timely and accurate data collection. Delivery personnel collects points when they enter accurate data and race against their fellows through a game. After 2 years of gamification, significant improvements are observed in customer satisfaction. In addition, it is observed that handheld terminals are replaced by Android OS mobil devices for data entrance.


Proposed one kind of forecast control using the model algorithmPI and its application in the servo system of NC machine tool. The three essential factors (forecast model, referred to path and control law) in forecast control have been discussed in detail. With the model algorithmPI forecast control, the NC ma- chine tool servo system can realize fast and precision position control. The simulation indicated that this system has good robustness and track performance.


This paper presents a comparison between two control techniques applied to an autonomous quadrotor vehicle. The main goal is to achieve hovering by stabilizing the quadrotor's attitude and altitude. First, nonlinear model of the vehicle is presented, taking into consideration the gyroscopic effects. Then, two control strategies are used, a classical PD controller and a modern nonlinear controller using a "recursive" State-Dependent Riccati Equation (SDRE). The latter consists in applying the Kleinman-Newton algorithm in order to recursively solve the SDRE. Varied simulation is performed starting from different initial conditions. The results show that the recursive nonlinear method performs better than the linear one, mainly by maintaining the stability of the system in the presence of disturbances and with "too far from origin" initial conditions.


The study of gas-solid interactions is of much importance for the understanding of the mechanisms of catalytic reactions. Such systems have traditionally been studied by flowing a gas of interest through a heatable, evacuable chamber containing a thin, free-standing pressed pellet of a solid (1). The preparation of so thin a pellet can be rather time-consuming. FT-IR Diffuse Reflectance (DR) is a popular technique for the study of solids (2-4). Little, if any, sample preparation is required and powdered catalysts may directly be analyzed. The evacuable, heatable chamber allows a sample to be studied at any temperature in a specific environment. When compared to the pellet technique, DR has the advantage of a larger sample surface area and, hence, more sites for interaction. The small optical path within the chamber minimizes potential spectral interference by the gas during the gas-solid experiment.


Soil Science deals with the understanding and modelling of the phenomena occurring in soils, mainly those related to the non-saturated zone. Since understanding most of those phenomena requires determination of parameters in scales allowing the incorporation of pore and aggregate variability to the models, a microscopic scale X-ray tomograph was built at Embrapa Agriculture Instrumentation. The aim was to generate non-destructive images of soil samples, within at least 100 ∝m spatial resolution. It was possible to design and construct a low cost equipment as compared to commercially available scanners, whose prices are prohibitive to soil studies. Tomographs of disturbed soils showing 212 to 250 ∝m aggregates were obtained. Pores with 100 μm size or less were observed. Pores with the same size could be detected in tomographs of samples containing 1 mm sand grains and capillaries with internal diameter of 100, 200 and 300 ∝m. Tomographs of undisturbed soil samples are also shown with pores ranging from 200 to 800 ∝m and high density particles.


Abstract Brood stock of chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) cultured from egg to maturity had low prespawning mortality and highly viable offspring when fed a formulated brood diet and matured in a seawater net-pen with a surface freshwater lens. The brood fish were cultured in freshwater raceways as fry, reared in seawater net-pens from the juvenile (4.7 g) stage until 2 months before spawning, and then transferred into the seawater net-pen modified with a 1-m-thick freshwater lens. Diet was changed 12 months before spawning from a basic formulated commercial diet to a commercial brood-fish diet. The average egg viability to the eyed stage (72% for the progeny of nine females, each crossed with a single male) compared favorably with that of anadromous fish produced at the same facility. Although cultured fish matured younger and smaller, and thus produced smaller eggs and fry, than did wild or anadromous fish of the same stock, juvenile size did not differ after 6 months of freshwater rearing.


Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) have emerged as an exciting research and application area. The envisioned applications, as well as some inherent VANET characteristics such as highly dynamic topology, frequently disconnected network, and different and dynamic network density, make data dissemination a challenging task in these networks. Several approaches for data dissemination in VANETs have been recently proposed in the literature. However, more work needs to be done since most of the proposed solutions do not effectively address some or all of the main challenges in these scenarios such as the broadcast storm, network partition and temporal network fragmentation. In this work we consider the broadcast storm problem. To tackle this challenge we propose a novel GEographical Data Dissemination for Alert Information (GEDDAI), which eliminates the broadcast storm and maximizes the capability of performing data dissemination across zones of relevance with low overhead, short delays and high coverage. Simulation results show that the data dissemination performed by GEDDAI provides the best efficiency compared with other algorithms, outperforming them for different scenarios in all performed evaluations.


Application alternatives for adhering SBS (styrene-butadiene-styrene) modified bitumen sheet materials include hot mopping asphalt or bitumen, heat welding , liquid cold process adhesive, and self-adhesive. When SBS-modified bitumen roof membranes were introduced in the United States in the late 1970s, the majority of the North American contractor base was built-up roofing oriented. Familiarity with hot asphalt application and practicality of dealing with existing equipment made installation of SBS-modified bitumen membranes in hot oxidized asphalt an easy choice. The early history with SBS-modified bitumen systems in Canada reveals that torch applied SBS membranes were more popular. Laboratory testing and field experience have demonstrated that solvent-based (cold) adhesives, heat welding, and heat-activated self-adhesives offer higher interply performance than oxidized bitumen. Across North America, torching applications have come under the increasingly heavy scrutiny of the insurance industry, and there have been historic shifts in the world of petroleum refining. Some fundamental characteristics and performance differences of various types of interply attachment methods specific to SBS-modified bitumen roof membranes will be updated in this paper. As a result, practical considerations in choosing the appropriate application method will be addressed. INTRODUCTION This paper is a follow-up to work presented at the NRCA/BWA 12 International Roofing and Waterproofing Conference in September 2002. Although there have been no revolutionary changes in the modified bitumen industry since that time, recent events have altered the landscape of the roofing industry: dramatic increases in crude oil prices, building code revisions, energy code implementations, updates to FM Global wind uplift criteria, and more stringent torch safety requirements just to name a few. Product design, modified bitumen formulations, adhesive formulations, and application techniques have evolved since 2002. Driven by VOC regulations, labor considerations, relative installation costs, and market shifts, new or updated technologies for cold adhesives and self-adhesives have emerged in the last five years as well. While giving the user a larger universe of materials from which to select, the decision making process is further complicated. Which modified bitumen membrane should be used with which interply adhesive? In what conditions may cold adhesives and/or self-adhesive be applied? What substrates are acceptable, and what type, if any, primer is required for self-adhesive or "cold" applied sheet materials? The content of this paper will attempt to clarify some of these questions with recently obtained supporting data. 11 Canadian Conference on Building Science and Technology Banff, Alberta, 2007 1 Mopping Bitumen Although oxidized mopping asphalt remains a healthy portion of the market for adhering SBS-modified bitumen in the United States, no new testing was conducted in this study. Due to the high cost, and shifts in supply origin of crude oil compared with 2002, one would expect that there is more variability today with regard to mopping asphalt quality. ASTM D 312, Type IV asphalt was tested and data presented in the 2002 NRCA/BWA proceedings. Variability in quality was established in the 2002 data, and thus the data remains valid for comparative purposes in the current work. Users should be very conscientious in requesting technical certifications for each shipment of material from the mopping asphalt suppliers. More importantly, users should insist that SBS-modified bitumen producers approve or accept the use of specific mopping asphalt supplies, by asphalt plant location, to ensure that the mopping asphalt of choice is considered compatible with the modified membrane being installed. Such steps increase the likelihood of long-term satisfaction with the hot asphalt applied SBS roof membrane system. While not specifically addressed with data in this writing, modified mopping bitumen is occasionally used to install SBS-modified bitumen sheets. Typically modified with synthetic rubber such as SEBS, modified mopping bitumen offers superior performance characteristics as compared to oxidized bitumen. There are numerous suppliers and qualities of modified mopping bitumen, and the variations are too involved to adequately address here. Briefly, modified mopping bitumen is an improvement compared to oxidized bitumen, however many considerations are the same if not more critical: compatibility with the SBS sheet materials, short and long-term product quality of the bitumen matrix, kettle heating conditions and duration, application temperature limitations, and of course the unwieldy process of the mopping application itself. As with the selection of other roof system components, consultation with the membrane manufacturer is essential when considering the selection of appropriate modified mopping bitumen. Heat Welded (Torched) The term heat welded, rather than torched, modified bitumen is preferred because it more accurately describes the end result. Heat welding may be accomplished with an open flame torch or by using various types of electric or gas powered hot air welding devices specifically designed for modified bitumen applications. This method of attachment is the only means of achieving a truly monolithic multiple ply roof membrane when two or more layers of modified sheets are installed. The modified bitumen coating on the sheets literally fuses together, forming one contiguous sheet membrane. Modified bitumen roof membranes have been heat welded in Europe for more than 35 years, in Canada for more than 30 years, and in the United States for more than 25 years. Certain SBS-modified bitumen sheet goods are available with specifically designed, patented surface treatments intended to enhance heat welding and make the products more efficient to install; see Illustration 1. Open flame torching, however, has been under scrutiny due to both the real and perceived fire risks associated with this practice. In 2004, the NRCA and MRCA devised a new CERTA (Certified Roofing Torch Applicator) program at the behest of the insurance industry. FM Global Property also addresses this issue in their Property Loss Prevention Data Sheet 1-33 Safeguarding Torch-applied Roof Installations. Local building codes sometimes ban torching, and some companies invoke no-torching policies on their buildings. Now, some specifiers shy away from it. The most challenging hurdle for the future of torch application is the rising cost of insurance for the roofing contractor. Even in Canada, where torching of SBS-modified bitumen has been the norm for almost 30 years, the rising cost of insurance is forcing contractors to take a strong look at alternative application methods. 11 Canadian Conference on Building Science and Technology Banff, Alberta, 2007 2 Theoretically it is impossible to improve upon the interply bond strength of properly heat welded membranes. When heat welded correctly, the rubberized (SBS) or plasticized (attactic polypropylene (APP)) asphalt compound on adjoined sheets becomes one homogeneous layer of modified bitumen. This in essence yields the ultimate composite condition for a modified bitumen membrane: an interply weld comprised of fused modified bitumen compound from both sheets. As with any application technique, mistakes can be made when torching or heat welding. Under heating will not adequately fuse the sheets together, making interply blisters possible. Severe over heating certainly leads to poor aesthetics and potentially long-term performance problems. Keep in mind that SBS and APP are quite different polymer systems. SBS is an elastomer, or rubber, and APP is a plastic. Therefore their torching characteristics are not the same. Cold Adhesive Cold process roof membrane adhesive is known by many monikers, some of which are not suitable for this publication. Terms such as "cold process", "cold adhesive", "solvent-based adhesive", "cutback adhesive", "mastic", "cement", "glue", etc. are commonly used to describe this material. Solvent-based asphalt cutback adhesives have been used in built-up roof systems in North America for more than half a century, but maybe less known is that they have also been used in the United States very successfully with SBS-modified bitumen roofing membranes for over 25 years. Virtually every supplier of SBS-modified bitumen now includes cold adhesives in their product line. Momentum for the use of cold adhesives began to rise prior to the 2002 NRCA/BWA conference, and that momentum continues today. One only needs to read the roofing trade press and visit modified bitumen suppliers' Web sites for proof. Although the make-up of cold adhesives used with SBS-modified bitumen sheets varies greatly, still the most common family of cold adhesives are solvent-based or cutbacks. The term cutback is used because the asphalt base is dissolved or "cut" with a solvent carrier. Cutback adhesive formulations include asphalt, solvent, fibers, fillers, and stabilizers. Some may contain polymers, resins, or other modifiers. Just as with mopping asphalt, not all cold adhesives are the same. Despite generally superior bonding characteristics as compared to hot asphalt, the same quality issues must be considered. For example, is the cold adhesive compatible for use with the specified modified bitumen membrane? The choice of solvent is a major factor in this regard, as solvents vary by aromaticity, boiling point range, flash point, etc. Commonly used solvents include various qualities of mineral spirits and naphtha. The base asphalt quality, together with the choice and blending of related fibers, fillers, and stabilizers is also critical due to the fact that this "solids" portion of the adhesive remains as the bonding agent when the solvent completely evaporates from the membrane assembly. The term cold adhesive really is a misnomer.


Abstract The study includes all infants in a Danish county born 1982–87 considered at risk of acquiring retinopathy of prematurity (n = 411; 178 girls, 233 boys). 325 had birthweight (BW) ≶ 1750 g and/or gestational age (GA) ≶ 34 weeks. The remaining referrals were on account of functional immaturity/significant oxygen treatment (n = 86). With a median onset age of 6.5 weeks (range 5–9 weeks) ROP was recorded in 63 infants. A negative correlation (r = ‐0.34) between GA and ROP onset age suggested a later onset in the very immature infant. ROP appeared in 60% of those born at GA ≶ 28 weeks (n = 30) and in 50% of survivals with BW ≤ 1000 g (n = 20). With BW and GA beyond the limits of 32 weeks and 1750 g only 5 cases of ROP were observed. Out of the 14 infants with at least stage 3 ROP 6 became blind in both eyes after few months (GA at delivery 25–31 weeks/BW 920–1595 g). All considered, 57 of the 63 with ROP showed spontaneous regression, however, leaving myopia of prematurity in 8 subjects.


ABSTRACT The northern Green Canyon and central Ewing Bank protraction areas are characterized by complex syndepositional salt deformation and growth-faulting that affect the Pliocene and Pleistocene bathyal turbidite systems. Analysis of a series of isopach maps of the ten studied sequences revealed characteristic thickness variations. The localized depositional thicks consist of divergent seismic facies in the middle of the basin. The thicks are interpreted as the result of syndepositional salt withdrawal and growth faulting. There are great variations in the position, areal extent and the number of the depositional thicks. The systematic analysis of these depositional thicks showed how salt withdrawal and growth faulting affected the deposition of the different turbidite elements. Salt tectonics had the most important influence on the distribution of basin-floor fans. The thickest and largest fans are interpreted in the southeastern part of the area in the 5.6 - 3.6 Ma interval, where salt withdrawal was most active. Basin-floor fan deposition gradually shifted to the north, following the northward shift in the area of maximum salt withdrawal. No large basin-floor fans were deposited elsewhere, even though extensional growth faulting created large mini-basins in the northern part of the area. This type of extension probably did not create a significant decrease in slope gradient for the coarse grained fraction in turbidity currents to be deposited.


Against the key water treatment technology of breeding in Chinese shrimp,the article combining with the actual conditions of nursery manufactory designed three types of water treatment modes which were used in shrimp breeding:(1) The natural seawater via purification of three depositions(Rich water)(2) High-salt water diluted with fresh water(3) Precipitation seawater then sterilized and sand filter cleaning(Sterilized sand filter water).The same batch of high-quality zygotes were used in this comparative experimental of seedling,the results showed: Sterilized sand filter water breeding the best,followed by Rich water,the effect of high-salt diluted with fresh water breeding worst.The research provided the technology and methods of water treatment in Chinese shrimp breeding.


An alarm system for monitoring the abnormity state of a power transformer and alarming in different grades comprises an ECU unit, a memory unit, three detection modules and an alarm and display unit, and the detection modules comprise a component concentration detection module, a hydrocarbon content detection module and a gas production rate detection module, wherein the component concentration detection module, the hydrocarbon content detection module and the gas production rate detection module are respectively connected with the ECU unit, receive a construction instruction from the ECU unit and feedback a relevant signal to the ECU unit, the memory unit is connected with the ECU unit, and the alarm and display unit is responsible for carrying out external display processing on an alarm signal output by the ECU unit. The system adopts primary concentration alarm operation and alarm grading two-grade judgment processes, so the inaccurate or unstable measurement result generated by multiple factor influences are maximally avoided, grading alarm is accurate, and operating personnel is prompted to carry out corresponding maintenance.


A previously healthy 15-year-old male living in the San Diego area presented with 3 days of shortness of breath, chest pain, and forgetfulness. One week before developing chest pain, the patient had a flu-like illness with fevers up to 39°C, malaise, decreased appetite, myalgias, and nausea. He was evaluated by his pediatrician at that time and diagnosed with pharyngitis. A mononucleosis screen and rapid streptococcal antigen test were both negative. His myalgias, nausea, and fevers resolved before the onset of chest pain 3 days before presentation. The chest pain was substernal and nonradiating; it worsened when the patient was supine, standing, or with deep inspiration and improved with sitting up and leaning forward. He reported shortness of breath that was exacerbated with activity, and he had begun to note palpitations even at rest. He had not previously had episodes of chest pain and had never been noted to have a murmur. On the day of presentation, his mother was particularly concerned that he had become more forgetful. He denied any cough, gastrointestinal symptoms, rash, or seizures. He denied any tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drug use and had no recent travel history or sick contacts. The patient was seen initially at a community emergency department with the above symptoms. Evaluations with chest radiograph, head computed tomography with contrast, and electrocardiogram were unrevealing. A transthoracic echocardiogram demonstrated trace pericardial effusion, mild aortic insufficiency, and a bicuspid aortic valve. He was admitted to the hospital due to concerns for acute pericarditis and delirium; he was not started on antibiotics initially, although 2 blood cultures were obtained. The following morning, both blood cultures became positive with an initial Gram-stain showing Gram-positive cocci in clusters. Repeat cultures were obtained before initiation of vancomycin. The repeat cultures also became positive with Gram-positive cocci in clusters within 24 hours. The initial cultures were further identified as a coagulase-negative staphylococcus. Upon transfer to our facility the patient's temperature was 37.0°C (although he did become febrile to 38.4°C that evening), he was mildly tachycardic at 102 with the remainder of his vital signs being normal. His exam revealed a 2/6 systolic ejection murmur at the mid-left and upperright sternal border, a 1/4 holodiastolic murmur but no rub, gallop, or click. The remainder of his examination was unremarkable without any skin or neurologic findings. A complete blood count demonstrated a white blood cell count of 11 800/μL with 54% neutrophils, 18% band forms, 21% lymphocytes, and 6% monocytes. Hemoglobin was mildly depressed at 10.8 gm/dL and platelets just above the upper range of normal at 445 000/μL. C-reactive protein (CRP) was 6.3 (normal, 0.0–0.99 mg/ dL). Creatine kinase, troponins, and a complete metabolic panel including transaminases were normal. A repeat chest radiograph showed normal lung fields and a normal cardiac silhouette. An imaging study was obtained that revealed the diagnosis.


In order to improve the stability of anthocyanin, microcapsules of Passiflora edulis rind anthocyanin were prepared by complex coacervation using gelatin and gum Arabic as wall materials. In this study, the embedding efficiency of anthocyanin microcapsules was optimized by the Box-Behnken design. Meanwhile, properties of anthocyanin microcapsules were studied by droplet size, moisture content, morphology and thermal stability. The results showed that the optimum conditions of anthocyanin microcapsules were the core/wall ratio 1:4.7, gelatin/gum Arabi ratio 6:7, the wall material concentration 1.5%, pH value 3.30, reaction temperature 40 ℃, reaction time 30 min and transglutaminase dosage 25 U/g gelatin. Under these conditions, the model was reliable and the embedding efficiency of microcapsules was 96.83%. The particle size, moisture content, and the melting temperature of anthocyanin microcapsules were 12.15 μm, 2.69%, and 82.51 ℃, respectively. Microcapsules presented spherical structures with smooth surfaces. The research provides some references for the application of Passiflora edulis rind anthocyanin.


There were four necessary steps in phosphorus pesticides analysis of contaminated soils,which is: sampling,transportation and preservation,preparation and analysis.The sources of uncertainty in the entire course of the determination s malathion in soil were evaluated.The predominant uncertainty was from sample preparation.


As the design rule of semiconductor devices shrinks dramatically, the reticle defect detectability and its specification need to be more tighten than before. Moreover, the fact that most of critical layer from DRAM mass productions are processed with using PSM gives us high defect printability, which burdens the reticle inspection processes. To analyze the specification of PSM defect, the programmed defect test plate was designed and fabricated. The programmed defect test reticle contains some critical DRAM patterns with different design rules (150 nm to 110 nm node) for the low k1 KrF lithography. Various kinds of defect were programmed in the test reticle. After inspection of this test plate and wafer exposure, the results of detectability and those of printability were compared and the defect printability dependency on design rule and wafer illumination conditions was analyzed. Finally the PSM defect specification is derived from these results for sub 130 nm KrF lithography.


Today, digitalisation is being introduced on a large scale in the Swedish welfare sector, often without analysing the consequences for the work environment. This article presents the results of a survey carried out by Kommunal, one of Sweden's largest trade unions, focusing on trade union safety representatives' involvement when employers introduce new digital systems and surveillance techniques in workplaces. It seems that safety representatives are to a large extent excluded from decision-making, planning and impact assessments, even though workers' personal integrity is affected. For Kommunal the first step is to train members in how to combine the general principles of EU data protection, Swedish labour law and collective agreements in order to strengthen workers' right to personal integrity and to limit employers' monitoring of work.


1. Abstract One major rationale for the application of heavy ion beams in tumor therapy is their increased relative biological effectiveness (RBE) in the Bragg peak region. For dose prescription, the increased effectiveness has to be taken into account in treatment planning. Hence, the complex dependencies of RBE on the dose level, biological endpoint, position in the field etc. require biophysical models, which have to fulfill two important criteria: simplicity and precision. High precision is required since steep gradients in the dose response curves are observed for most tumor and normal tissues; thus, even small uncertainties in the estimation of the biologically effective dose can transform into large uncertainties in the clinical outcome. In this contribution we will describe the so called 'Local Effect Model' (LEM), that has been successfully applied within treatment planning in the GSI pilot project for carbon ion tumor therapy and is now also implemented in a commercially available treatment planning system. The model is based on the knowledge of charged particle track structure in combination with the response of the cells or tissues under consideration to conventional photon radiation. Due to the high precision, the LEM seems to be adequate for the calculation of stochastic radiation effects, i.e. in the framework of radiation protection in addition to applications in tumor therapy.


This study examines libel litigation in the late nineteenth century and compares it to the libel climate in the late twentieth century. Libel reports in trade journals from 1884 to 1899 were surveyed and catalogued. The strongest similarity found is the frequent use of libel law by public figures and public officials. In both periods public persons sued over articles concerning public performance even though the likelihood of winning large damage awards was minimal. This finding suggests that minor changes in modern libel doctrine will not resolve current conflicts in libel law.


Background: Although the acupuncture treatment of major depressive disorder(MDD) has been recognized by the latest clinical practice guidelines of the American Academy of Internal Medicine, complex therapeutic mechanisms need further to clarify. The aim of the study is investigate whether the aberrant resting state brain network in MDD patients could be regulated by acupuncture at GV20 using functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI) combined with degree centrality(DC) method. Results: Compared to healthy subjects, MDD patients exhibited significantly aberrant DC in widely brain regions, including cortical(PFC, precuneus, temporal, insula) and sub-cortical (thalamus, putamen and caudate) structures. Furthermore, results showed that acupuncture at GV20 induced down-regulation the DC of abnormal brain regions in MDD patients. Conclusions: Our findings provide imaging evidence to support that GV20-related acupuncture stimulation may modulate the abnormal brain function state in MDD patients by using fMRI technique combined with DC analysis. This study may partly interpret the neural mechanisms of acupuncture at GV20 which is used to treat patients with MDD in clinical. Trial registration: ChiCTR, ChiCTR-IOR-15006357. Registered 05 May 2015, http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=10922.


In a cluster randomized trial, Kojo Yeboah-Antwi and colleagues find that integrated management of malaria and pneumonia in children under five by community health workers is both feasible and effective.


Much attention has been given recently to the "linguistic" approach to pattern recognition. The basics ingredients of this approach are a set of primitive picture parts and a grammar whose rules compose the primitive parts into a class of pictures. The basic idea of linguistic pattern recognition is to generalize string grammars to two dimensions. This requires a generalization of "concatenation" to two dimensions. Several applications have resulted from the definition of simple picture grammars[1-4].
 This field should properly be called structural pattern recognition since its basic goal is to study the processing of the structure of pictures. From this viewpoint, one may ask whether simple grammars and the present concatenation schemes are adequate for the processing of complex scenes, or whether other approaches should be sought. These questions may be answered in the affirmative by considering the case of chess. The structure of a chessboard appears to be incredibly complex, yet humans seem to recognize familiar situations by means of structural organization of the board. Thus, chess seems to be an ideal paradigm case for complex structural pattern recognition. The USC chess program was produced from these studies. The remainder of this report will give a brief description of the chess program itself.


A multifunctional current mode filter using three current controlled conveyors and two grounded capacitors is described. The filter realizes high pass, band pass and low pass second order current transfer functions, and provides independent pole-ω 0, and pole-Q 0 tuning through external current control. The filter also displays low incremental parameter sensitivities. The simulation results on the filter support the theory.


Objective:To observe calcium concertration in dialysate on serum total calcium and intact parathyroid hormone(IPTH) of the patients on maintenance hymodialyis.Methods:35 cases on maintenance hemondialysis were observed,in which dialysates containing 1.75mmol/L and 1.25mmol/L Ca2+ were alternatively used 3 months for each patient.Recording per dialysis serum calcium and IPTH.Results:Using dialysate containing 1.75mmol/L Ca2+ 3 months,hypercalcemia from 14 to 12,serum tatol calcium ranged from(2.36±0.29)mmol/L to(2.24±0.17)mmol/L,iPTH ranged from(381.93±97.25)pg/ml to(443.91±103.69)pg/ml,With no significant difference(P0.05).When dialysis containing 1.25mmol/L Ca2+ was used 3 months,hypercalcemia 2,hypocalcemia 13,serum tatol calcium and iPTH was(2.08±0.62)mmol/L and (824.29±134.72) pg/ml,With significant difference(P0.05).Conclusions:It is very necessary to use dialysates containing 1.25mmol/L Ca2+,especially for hypercalcemia ,However,it also increase iPTH signifiantly.Its mechanism may be related to the increasing case of hypocalcemia.


This paper studies and designs a portable stability condition monitoring system for water pump,and through reasonable structure collocation and hardware selection,realizes the core functions such as the data collection,signal processing and condition monitoring,and points out that the developed system has the advantages of low cost and portability.


A novel porous hybrid silica sponge constructed by structured-nanofiber bundles was prepared by sol-gel procedure.Field-emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM) was utilized to characterize the shape of the products obtained at different reaction conditions.This sponge can absorb water and organic solvents(such as methanol,ethanol,acetone,cyclohexane,etc.) in high speed.It absorbed 12.2 mL of solvents per gram.


A new HPLC method has been developed for determining donepezil in human plasma. To find the optimum conditions, a derivatization reaction was performed in different media, and the reaction product was identified by NMR and GC-MS after a semi-preparative HPLC separation. Under optimized conditions, donepezil was derivatized by 9-fluorenylmethyl chloroformate in chloroform and carbonate buffer at pH 9.5 in the presence of NaI after solid-phase extraction from a plasma sample. The reaction product was quantified on a reversed-phase TRACER EXCEL ODS-A, 5 μm column using a mixture of acetonitrile–10 mM acetate buffer(pH 6.0)–THF(60:35:5, v/v/v) as the mobile phase with fluorescence detection at 264 nm(ex) and 313 nm(em). Fluoxetine was used as the internal standard. The total run-time of the analysis was about 10 min, and a clean chromatogram was obtained. The developed method was linear over the range of 1–100 ng/mL in 500 μL of plasma samples(r2>0.998). The intra-day and inter-day precision values were in the range of 2.6%–11.6%. The limit of quantification was 1 ng/mL.


This paper presents the development of a two-dimensional (2D) flexible patch sensor to detect and monitor the center of pressure (CoP) location and the total magnitude of a spatially distributed pressure to the specific surface areas of engineering structures. The CoP sensor with the contact mode induced by a pressure distribution was formulated by force sensitive resistor technology and was mainly composed of a thin conductive polymer layer, adhesive spacers, and two interdigitated patterned electrode films with unique sensing aperture shadings. By properly mapping the interdigitated electrode patterns to the top and bottom surfaces of the conductive polymer, the proposed sensor ideally enables to measure an overall applied pressure level and its centroid location within a predetermined sensing region in real-time. The CoP sensor containing 36 sensing sections within a dimension of around 3 × 3 inches was prototyped and experimentally investigated to verify its capability to identify the CoP location and magnitude due to the presence of a permanent magnet-based local pressure distribution. Only five electric wires connected to the CoP sensor to inspect the pressure-sensing positions of 36 segments. The evaluation results of the measured sensor data demonstrate good agreements with the actual test parameters such as the total pressure and its centroid position with about 5% locational error. However, to provide accurate information on the overall pressure range, the compensation factors must be determined and applied to the individual sensing sections of the sensor.


The auto-follow row technology is the basic technology to realize the uncrewed operation of corn harvesters, which helps to improve the quality and efficiency of corn harvest. A deviation detection sensor and an auto-follow row system are designed to address the difficulty for corn harvesters to harvest the corn sowing with different row spacing. The auto-follow row system is comprised of the auto-follow row controller, two deviation detection sensors, sensors for acquiring the state of the corn harvester, and the hydraulic steering system. The deviation detection sensor uses the touch rod to detect the lateral deviation and sends it to the auto-follow row controller through the Controller Area Network (CAN) bus. The auto-follow row controller obtained the lateral deviation, calculated the target steering angle according to the pure pursuit method based on the yaw angle estimation model and fuzzy control model, and adjusted the posture of the harvester by controlling the steering actuator. Two types of corn harvesters were reformed and mounted the auto-follow row system for simulation and field tests. The average errors of the auto-follow row system in the simulation tests and the field tests were 0.040 m and 0.046 m, respectively. The relative deviations within ±0.075 m were 98.33% and 97.22%, respectively, which met the operating requirements of corn harvesters. The test results show that the auto-follow row system can be applied to many kinds of corn harvesters and provide a reference for designing a completely unmanned system for corn harvesters.


ne general (and straightforward) observation which can be made based on chapters 3 and 4 is that there is more than one way to employ Lewis's semantic framework for counterfactual conditionals in the analysis of quantum entangled states. The main reason is that, as we indicated at the end of chapter 2, there may be various ways to define the similarity relation between possible worlds, and this relation is indispensable for the evaluation of counterfactual statements. To characterize the relation of similarity it is necessary to decide which facts from the actual world are salient with respect to the affinity of possible worlds with it, and which are not. We have already reiterated (and this assessment is unanimously, if mostly tacitly, accepted by all who make use of Lewis's semantics in quantum mechanics) that in the context of the quantummechanical phenomena there is no room for law-breaking possible worlds; therefore Lewis's requirement that the number of unlawful events ("miracles") be minimized cannot act as a criterion of similarity between possible worlds. Only singular, individual and contingent facts can set one possible world apart from another, and only such facts can be taken into account when comparing possible worlds with respect to their affinity with the actual world. But it has already been argued that not all facts taking place in the actual world should count towards similarity. It is imperative, then, to make clear how to tell apart those facts that count from those that do not.


A number of ureteral stone dislodgers and extractors have been devised in the past few years. In the majority of these, the device that traps the stone has made the caliber of the whole instrument so great that it is passed by the obstructing calculus with difficulty. To secure an instrument with the smallest diameter possible, I designed the dislodger described here: It consists of a number 1 or a 2 bougie. One and one-half inches from the tip of the bougie there are attached four stout threads of Japanese silk (tooth silk). These are made fast to the bougie core by very fine silk threads wrapped about their ends, as shown in figure 1. This attachment of the threads to the core marks the greatest diameter in the entire instrument. The point of attachment is spindle shaped so as to pass by the stone with the maximum of ease.


Aonla is an important fruit crop indigenous to Indian sub-continent, which can be grown successfully in dry and neglected regions in the minimum management input. The area under aonla has been expanding rapidly in the last couple of years. Aonla is one of the oldest Indian fruits and considered as "Wonder fruit for health" because of its unique qualities. It is having high context of Vitamin C and comparable to only that of Barbados cherry (Malpighia glabra L.). The fruit is used as an antiscorbic, diuretic and laxative, hence used for treating common cold, gastric troubles, acidity and scurvy, dysentery and bronchitis, diabetes, diarrhoea, jaundice and dyspepsia and coughs, asthma, headache, ophthalmic disorders, colic, flatulence, skin diseases, leprosy, and greyness of hair etc. It has great potential in processed forms, which can have great demand in national as well as international market. Lot of work has been made in processing and product development in this fruit. Majority of products are sugar based and they have very little scope for export and for domestic use, the trend is changing and the demand for new novel products is increasing. An attempt has been made in this paper to compile all the information on various products development from aonla and future prospectus for processing and value addition. The present investigation was carried out to develop processing techniques for making different Aonla products such as Jam, Jelly, Squash, Juice, Candy, Supari, Powder, Biscuit, Chutney, Chayavanprash, Instant Juice and Soup mixes, Ladoo, Mouth freshener, Nectars, Oil, Pickle, Preserve, Sauce, Shred, Sweet Aonla Flakes, Syrup, Toffee, Triphala and so on which can be used at domestic and for commercial scale.


DRJ: It has now been five years since your manifesto "For a Dancing Museum" first appeared. As is well known, this manifesto led you to become director of the Centre chorégraphique national de Rennes et de Bretagne (2009). Do you believe you have achieved the goals you stated as crucial for a dancing museum, i.e., to displace the idea of "Center" from the institution; to dismantle the "nationalism" always lurking under the adjectival "national"; to move the focus from the noun "Dance" to the actioning of the verb "Dancing" in defining this museum?


This work presents the design space exploration framework that consists of two design loops: cosynthesis loop for component selection and mapping of the function blocks to the processing components, and communication DSE loop for communication architecture optimization. Before entering into the cosynthesis loop, it is critical to estimate the performance of junction blocks. We also propose a performance estimation method of software function blocks considering the effect of architecture variation, compiler optimization, and data dependent behavior. It is to run the entire application with code augmentation on the instruction set simulator of the target processor. In the cosynthesis loop, the performance of the entire application is easily computed as a linear combination Of function block performance values. Experimentation with real-life applications proves the viability of the proposed technique.


We are concerned with how to design problems that practice applied mathematical problem solving. When solving real problems, mathematical modelling is a necessary first step to enable a mathematical analysis, and problem solving skills generally come into play to find ways forward. By practising these essential skills, we complement the theoretical mathematics that engineering students already know, and bridge the gap to what is required to fully use mathematics in practice. We base our experiences on a course in mathematical modelling and problem solving at Chalmers University of Technology, where we use a collection of problems as a starting point for inquiry-based learning. The course was recently awarded the Chalmers Pedagogical Prize. We aim to design problems from genuine sources, and consider three sources for such problems: (1) a real applied problem, (2) a standard problem in an applied course, for example,  in engineering or science, and (3) a central concept or method in some applied area. We note that for a course based at a technical university all these options are close at hand. For each of these sources, we discuss and give examples of how to adapt problems to ensure that the problem is reasonably realistic in the sense that it corresponds to a topic or situation that the students may encounter in the future; motivating in the sense that the solution is interesting and sometimes surprising; sufficiently challenging to force the student into real problem solving; and multi-purpose by meeting several different course objectives. We mainly consider objectives in the categories of mathematical modelling , structured problem solving (where we extend the classical approach of Polya with some additional aspects), and perspective . In the last category we include the context of the problem, any story that can be associated with  it, and different kinds of reflections on the problem and its solution. We further discuss some important additional issues, where experiences from the course are discussed and related to relevant pedagogical research. How far is it beneficial to simplify problems, and how big should they be? What is a suitable balance between real world content and mathematical content? How do the approaches we suggest relate to other common or proposed ways of creating "authentic" problems? How can we best combine problems, create a reasonably authentic environment for the students, and meet general objectives such as communication and the use of mathematical tools? How can we document and convey problems to other teachers which may not have the same experience, so that they successfully can use them as if they were their own? Reference Wedelin, D., & Adawi, T. (2012). Bridging theory and practice: An inquiry-based course in mathematical modelling and problem solving . Paper presented at the International Conference on Engineering Education held at Turku, Finland July 20-August 3.


Regardless of the beneficial aspect of landfill use, its environmental impact becomes subject of concern to sustainability and development. Landfilling among other things lead to generation of leachate. Therefore this study was undertaken with a view to analyzing the detailed physicalchemical components of leachate from closed sanitary landfill and its associated impact on fish (Clarias batrachus). Whole effluent toxicity (WET) approach was used to evaluate the toxicological effect of leachate on fish. Five different concentrations of the leachate (3.13 –
5.63 % v/v) as observed during the range finding test were applied definitively to obtain the effluent's lethal concentration (LC50) on the named fish. BOD5, COD, heavy metals and other components which included aromatic hydrocarbons were analyzed via standard methods (APHA,
EPA, and AOAC). About 880 mg/L of ammonical nitrogen was a reflection of the leachate's stench ammoniac odour. The BOD5 and COD analysis were recorded at 3,500 mg/L and 10, 234
mg/L respectively, whereas, benzene, toluene and ethyl benzene concentrations were 0.22 mg/L, 1.2 mg/L and 0.86 mg/L respectively, and above allowable/permissible discharge limit according to EPA standards. The acute toxicity test via static use of the leachate revealed an LC50 of 5.88%
on C.batrachus as calculated using Finney's probit analysis from EPA. The study concluded that fish mortality observed in the research can be attributed to the physical-chemical constituents of the landfill leachate. Therefore it can be inferred that despite the use of landfills as waste management option, yet its negative impact on the immediate environment need to be investigated more.


Is the solutio to pollution location? : -drivers behind South East Asian sea cage aquaculture and its impact on coral reefs


Summary. This paper treats the static spheroidal deformation of degree 1 in detail. We give a physical interpretation of the consistency relation imposed on it. The relation serves as a guiding principle to find out all of its members. Following Okubo & Saito, we derive the partial derivatives of the degree 1 Love numbers with respect to density, bulk modulus and rigidity.


The paper provides information about the reliability and accuracy of the results of nu- merical simulation of stress waves in solid deformable environment. The problem of elastic reflection of stress waves from the free surface of the plate. The task is implemented using the finite element method in movements. The comparison is made with results of the analytical solution at the front of the flat longitudinal wave. The studied problem is presented in the form of an infinite plate


So far parasitic disease is still the one of the most important public health problems world-wide,especially in the developing countries.With the development of immunology and molecular biology technology,the parasite vaccine has become one of the important means of controlling parasitic diseases.Immune dose of the parasitic vaccine is one of the important factors for the immune effects.If the dose of vaccine is too low,the body can't be stimulated to produce enough immune response; if the dose of vaccine is too high,it may cause immune tolerance or toxic reactions.Therefore,to determine the appropriate immunization dose is the key of vaccine research.This article reviewed the research status of immune dose of several parasite vaccines,such as Schistosoma,Toxoplasma gondi and Trichinella spiralis.

Key words:
Parasite ;  Vaccine;  Immune dose


Background/Objectives: Childhood trauma data, in developing countries, requires updating to highlight problems in childhood trauma care. This study was done to examine childhood trauma deaths in the Accident and Emergency room (A and E).
Methods: A prospective trauma analysis of children aged 15 years and below attending the surgical A and E was done from September 1999 to August 2000. Data collected included age (0-4 years, >4-9 years, >9-15 years), sex, causes of trauma, injury-arrival time, the quality and outcome of care and the circumstances of death.
Results: Out of 543 children seen, 327 were boys and 216 were girls. Most of the children were in the age group >9-15 years (215, 39.6 %). Trauma occurred in 391 children (72.0 %) due to road traffic accidents (RTA, 169 children, 31.1 %), falls (75, 13.8 %), burns and scalds (37, 6.8 %), other domestic accidents (35, 6.5 %), foreign body (FB) in the orifices (37, 6.8 %), assaults (20, 3.7 %), occupational injuries (10, 1.8 %) and gunshot injuries (8, 1.5 %). There were seven deaths (mortality 1.3 %); three each from burns (38 %-60 % burns, 2 of whom reported 1-2 weeks after burns) and pedestrian RTA (all with head injury, 2 of whom had other injuries) while one child had airway obstruction from a FB. All the deaths were on day 1 of admission.
Conclusion: Trauma is the commonest surgical problem seen in childhood in the A and E and largely preventable. Children have good outcome from trauma with low mortality, but this can be further decreased. Evidence from the preventable nature of the deaths presents strong arguments in favour of better organization of trauma care and reinforcing public health education especially concerning care of children of working parents.
Key words: Trauma deaths, children
 Nig. J. of Surgical Research Vol.4(3-4) 2002: 98-102


Keyword: Good Corporate Governance, Return Saham, Return On Asset, Return On Sales, Net Profit Margin, Earning Per Share, Cash Ratio, Quick Ratio ABSTRACT The existence of the economic crisis and world financial business case aware that long-term business viability depends not only on the financial strength alone, but required a system that can ensure good asset management and proper. Implementation of GCG is the direction in conducting the business of a company policy based on the principles of transparency, accountability and responsibility, responsiveness, independence and fairness. This study aims to determine the impact on stock returns, GCG to GCG profitability, liquidity, profitability with GCG stock return liquidity with the stock return. The sample consisted of 45 nonbank companies that fall into the CGPI score listed in Indonesia stock exchange during the five years from 2004-2008. Analysis of analysis Methods, descriptive analysis and statistical tests. Statistical validation is done with normality test data, test, test the autocorrelation multicollinearity. In the analysis were used two lines, partial regression tests (Ttest) and tests of F (F-Test). Based on the results of the regression tests together and partly in the regression equation has a positive impact on the profitability of the GCG, proxy with ROA and EPS. These results prove that internally GCG contributed to improving corporate performance can be seen from the ratio of ROA and EPS.