The prison population has been unrecognized and marginalized historically by state entities and social groups which have caused it to become a vulnerable sector, this factor is aggravated when it comes to political detainees since their ideological exercise causes greater repression and persecution not only for the prisoner but for his family. That's why the current investigation is interested in the family organization of political prisoners since the imposition of the sentence, studying it from the psychosocial-systemic perspective which considers the phenomenon from the significance of the experiences and its impact on the life of those who suffer it, considering political, economic and social aspects, among which violence stands out, relating it to family dynamics. Using different bibliographical references and interviews based on the story-life, 3 categories of analysis are highlighted (violence, resistance, family system) , that's how we found that the macrosystem structure in Colombians culture, and the diffusion of ideological speeches, has an important influence in the legitimation of violation of humans rights and in the notable increase of stigma; this kind of violence reaches families, so they found the resistence as a new function to fight for his relatives rights. Prison causes an imbalance on family system, bringing changes on the roles, functions and guidelines, in an attempt to accomplish new social, economic and political responsibilities


This paper introduces DIALERAUTH - a mechanism which leverages the way a smartphone user taps/enters any text-independent 10-digit number (replicating the dialing process) and the hand's micro-movements she makes while doing so. DIALERAUTH authenticates the user on the basis of timing differences in the entered 10-digit strokes. DIALERAUTH provides enhanced security by leveraging the transparent and unobservable layer based on another modality - user's hand micro-movements. Furthermore, DIALERAUTH increases the usability and acceptability by utilizing the users' familiarity with the dialing process and the flexibility of choosing any combination of 10-digit number. We implemented DIALERAUTH for both data collection and proof-of-concept real-time analysis. We collected, in total 10500 legitimate samples involving 97 users, through an extensive unsupervised field experiment, to evaluate the effectiveness of DIALERAUTH. Analysis using one-class Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) shows a True Acceptance Rate (TAR) of 85.77% in identifying the genuine users. Security analysis involving 240 adversarial attempts proved DIALERAUTH as significantly resilient against random and mimic attacks. A usability study based on System Usability Scale (SUS) reflects a positive feedback on user acceptance (SUS score = 73.29).


The transition probabilities of a two-state Markov process can be determined explicitly. The modeling of force transition of two state Markov process using double decrement approach is well developed in the literature. However, the approaches are mainly analytic or illustrative and are based on small data set. The study based on large data set are rarely published. For higher number of states, the computation of transition probabilities is laborious, and an alternative method is needed. This work aims to propose a spectral approach of forces of transition that attempts to address the issues. The method is based on results that are available when a Markov process with constant forces of transition is assumed. In this case, transition probabilities are obtained regardless of the number of states. A differential equation is used to express the relationship between forces of decrements and transition probabilities, and by assuming constant force, the explicit solution is reduced to spectral decomposition of force of decrements. The results are the visualization of transition probabilities, and a contribution for the development of double decrement table. The main contributions of this work are a spectral representation of transition probabilities and a multistate approach to double decrement modeling.


Abstract This article places the surname Italianization campaign in Italy's Adriatic borderlands from 1927 to 1943 in the broader context of fascist schemes to promote Italian nationalism and construct the Italian national community. A facet of legislative ethnic engineering, surname alteration policy was common to most successor states in the interwar period. In eastern Italy, while ethnic Slovenes and Croats bore the brunt of forcible acculturation, the measures intended to support nationalist, irredentist and imperial aspirations not to persecute Slavs. The fascist authorities' approach to minorities was more nuanced than scholars have recognized in their attentions to competition between west and east, 'European' and 'Balkan', Italian and Slav.


Zhengyu Hu* Yan Li* Weipu Mao Bo Chen Lin Yang Xiangling Meng 1Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230032, People's Republic of China; 2Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230032, People's Republic of China; 3Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, People's Republic of China


In this paper we estimate the marginal rate of substitution between aggregate per-capita consumption and per-capita government expenditure on goods and services using U.S. quarterly data over the period 1953 to 1993. This estimate is an important input to any attempt to assess the overall effectiveness of fiscal policy. Other recent consumption studies which incorporate the effects of government expenditure have failed to establish a stable estimate of the marginal rate of substitution. We argue that this failure results from imposing the unrealistic assumption that this parameter is constant. In contrast, we allow themarginal rate of substitution to depend on both the level and composition of government spending and provide strong econometric evidence in support of this claim.


New changes have taken place in the scale,structure and model of medical information education in China with the development of higher education system reform The general design and blueprint of development strategy research on medical information education in China during "the national 12th-5 year plan period"were discussed in terms of its coordinated,sustainable and scientific development from its research background,directing thoughts,basic principles,general target,research contents and methods,in an attempt to provide the reference for the macroscopic decision-making and management of medical information education.


Background: The single nucleotide polymorphism rs7566605, located in the promoter of the INSIG2 gene, has been the subject of a strong scientific effort aimed to elucidate its possible association with body mass index (BMI). The first report showing that rs7566605 could be associated with body fatness was a genome-wide association study (GWAS) which used BMI as the primary phenotype. Many follow-up studies sought to validate the association of rs7566605 with various markers of obesity, with several publications reporting inconsistent findings. BMI is considered to be one of the measures of choice to evaluate body fatness and there is evidence that body fatness is related with an increased risk of breast cancer (BC). Methods: we tested in a large-scale association study (3,973 women, including 1,269 invasive BC cases and 2,194 controls), nested within the EPIC cohort, the involvement of rs7566605 as predictor of BMI and BC risk. Results and Conclusions: In this study we were not able to find any statistically significant association between this SNP and BMI, nor did we find any significant association between the SNP and an increased risk of breast cancer overall and by subgroups of age, or menopausal status. Background Herbert and coworkers [1] conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) on 694 subjects of the Framingham Heart Study with a family-based design to identify genetic loci (single nucleotide polymorphisms, SNPs) contributing to obesity using body mass index (BMI) as the primary phenotype. The authors reported strong statistical evidence that the SNP rs7566605 located near the 5' end of INSIG2 (Chr2:118,552,255) was associated with increased BMI [1]. In this initial study, association of rs7566605 with BMI was replicated in ethnically distinct populations, including European and African Americans. INSIG2 has been functionally linked to lipid metabolism, due to its role in endogenous cholesterol and fatty acid synthesis feedback inhibition [2]. It is an endoplasmic reticulum membrane bound protein that inhibits the proteolytic activation of Sterol Response Element Binding Proteins (SREPs) in response to cholesterol or insulin [2]. Thus, the biological function of the INSIG2 gene product is consistent with the initially observed association. * Correspondence: email@example.com German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany Full list of author information is available at the end of the article Campa et al. BMC Cancer 2010, 10:563 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2407/10/563 © 2010 Campa et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. A series of follow-up studies sought to validate the association of INSIG2 rs7566605 with markers of obesity in humans, with several publications reporting inconsistent findings [3-13]. There is ample evidence that excessive body weight is a risk factor for a number of diseases. In particular, the evidence that body fatness is a cause of postmenopausal breast cancer (BC) is convincing [14]. On the other hand, body fatness is inversely associated with BC risk in premenopausal women [14]. Body fatness directly affects levels of many circulating hormones, such as insulin, insulin-like growth factors, and oestrogens, creating an environment that favors carcinogenesis and hinders apoptosis (WCRF/AICR, 2007). It also stimulates the body's inflammatory response, which may contribute to the initiation and progression of several cancers (WCRF/AICR, 2007). We tested the SNP association with the body-mass index (BMI) and with BC risk in a large study of 3,973 women nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC).


We show that because of the milder GIM suppression, the four-quark dipenguin operator contributes to the short distance piece of the D^0-\bar D^0 mixing amplitude at the same order of magnitude as the box diagram. In addition, we put an upper bound \Delta m_D^{LDR} \leq 5 \times \Delta m_D^{box} on a long-distance resonant contribution induced by the penguin mixing.


Some important areas use more and more piezoelectric force test systems, due to their high sensitivity and natural frequency. To study the dynamic testing performance of the system in the conditions of high natural frequency, one of the effective methods is establishing the mathematical model of dynamic response of test system. By improving specific algorithm of the conventional nonlinear modal fitting method, algorithm of transfer function which is aiming at this test system is deduced, and the transfer function of dynamic response is obtained by using amplitude and phase frequency response curve which is measured by using a piezoelectric test device and the curve is compared with the measured amplitude and phase frequency curve. The rise time, peak time and the overshoot of the step response of the test apparatus is obtained with the inverse Laplace transform. This paper provides a basis of objective evaluation for the dynamic performance of the test device. Copyright © 2013 IFSA.


In the construction of the mobile communication network,wireless planning and network optimization are very important because it directly affects the network performance and the construction cost.By analyzing the needs of the wireless network intelligence optimization system,it concludes that the system mainly consists of three parts,among which the key module is data processing whose algorithm and accuracy directly relate to the availability of the whole system.


Metabolic syndrome (MetS) predisposes older adults to the development of frailty. However, previous studies have not explored factors that may influence the association between MetS and the risk of frailty in this population. Community-dwelling older adults (≥65 years of age) were prospectively identified and enrolled between 2013 and 2016. MetS and frailty were defined based on the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and Study of Osteoporotic Fractures criteria, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression with frailty/pre-frailty as the dependent variable was used to examine the relationship between MetS and frailty/pre-frailty, supplemented by subgroup analyses of the influence of aging and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Among 2,862 elderly (73.4±6.7 years), 17.5% and 17.3%, respectively, had MetS and frailty/pre-frailty, among whom 74 (2.6%) and 420 (14.7%) had frailty and pre-frailty. The presence of MetS (odds ratio [OR] 2.53, p<0.001), higher age (OR 1.05, p<0.001), and CKD (OR 1.42, p=0.006) were associated with a significantly higher risk of frailty/pre-frailty. Furthermore, among those aged ≥80 years, the association between MetS and frailty/pre-frailty disappeared (p=0.329). Among those with CKD, the presence of MetS was significantly associated with a progressively higher risk of frailty/pre-frailty (for stage 3 or higher and for stage 3b or higher, OR 6.4 and 12.4, p<0.001 and =0.009, respectively). In conclusion, aging and CKD modified the association between MetS and frailty. These findings may assist in devising case-specific care plans for elderly with MetS by re-focusing our attention on those at high risk of developing frailty/pre-frailty.


J. Wesley Null is an Assistant Professor of Education at Baylor University. He teaches courses in Social Foundations of Education and Curriculum. He also serves as Chapter Counselor for the Beta Xi Chapter of Kappa Delta Pi. He can be reached at firstname.lastname@example.com. tudent motivation is an area of study that has interested teachers, school administrators, and other educators for centuries. Many people who are concerned with motivation and who study the practical world of classroom teaching recognize that the motivation of learners is a complex process that requires initiative on the part of both teachers and learners (Jackson 1990). This complex view of the teaching and learning process, however, is not the view that predominates in most contemporary rhetoric about school reform.


The invention relates to a method for preparing an anti-stress agent used for fishing, belonging to the technical field of aquatic product compound feed. The method is characterized in that glutamine dipeptide, rhubarb extract, vitamin C, vitamin E, potassium chloride, sodium chloride, anhydrous dextrose and a carrier are taken and fully mixed to be ground and prepared into dry powder. The raw materials of the invention has the advantages of stable source, simple preparation, wide material source and low cost; due to the stress principle of fish body, the anti-stress agent not only supplements Chinese herbal medicines, but also complements western medicine of glutamine dipeptide; the combination of Chinese herbal medicines and western medicine regulates the stress of fish body, and appropriately supplements the loss of Na , K caused by stress to control the stress of fish body. When in use, the anti-stress agent can be added into feed and directly splashed; the immunity and inhibiting ability of fish body can be improved, the capacity of resisting high temperature and high density as well as infection resistance for resisting hydrophile aeromonas can be improved, and the growth of the fish body can be accelerated.


Objective The purpose of the study was to investigate the standard and method of regula-ting blood pressure in the acute cerebral infarction with heart failure. Methods 100 patients who suffered from acute cerebral infarction with heart failure(heart function Ⅱ-Ⅳ grade)in 24 hours were divided randomly into Sodium Nitroprusside treatment group and control group. There was no significant difference about ages, blood pressure,neurologic impairment score and heart failure degree of the patients in two groups. Results Control-ling blood pressure of patients with heart function Ⅱ grade was benefit to heart failure ,but the perfusion of cere-bral blood flow was influenced seriously compared with control group. Reasonably controlling blood pressure of patients with heart function Ⅲ-Ⅳ grade could improve heart function,and the perfusion of cerebral blood flow could also be improved compared with control group. Conclusion Reasonably control blood pressure of patients with acute cerebral infarction with heart failure was benefit to heart function, cerebral hemodynamics and nerval function.

Key words:
Cerebral infarction; Acute; Heart failure; Regulating blood pressure


G afternoon. Iwant to thank the organizers ofthis meetingfor giving methis opportunity. I plan to review a small sampling ofthe manycooperative clinical trials that have been performed in the VA sinceWorld War II. Thepioneering study, the firstwewill discuss, was collaborative between the VA and the medical branchesofthe armed services. ThestudiesI have chosen to talk about today are some ofthose that were particularly directed to the VA's patientcare population. We will start with a rather full discussion of the VA-armed services studies ofthe treatmentoftuberculosis. Even though the firstofthese had some technical flaws, it set the stagefor a whole series ofbetter-designed studiesthat came afterit. Then we will discuss the VA studies of the treatment of psychotic diseases, studiesthat were modeled afterthe tuberculosis studies.Next wewill touchbriefly on theVA's landmark studyproving the importance ofcontrol ofsevere hypertension. Finally, I hope to sharewithyoua bit abouta new type ofVA cooperative study, studiesdirected tomaximizing the quality and costeffectiveness ofmedical care delivery.


Summary As is well known, a hard-boiled egg will rise from the horizontal to the vertical if it is spun su fficiently rapidlyon a table with its axis of symmetry initially horizontal. We consider here the problem of a spinning spheroid, and showthat in certain circumstances the spheroid may lose contact with the table in the course of this rising motion. Allowingfor slip and weak friction at the point of contact, the dynamical equations for a uniform spheroid, are treated by themultiple-scale perturbation method to resolve the two time-scales intrinsic to the dynamics. An approximate solutionfor the high frequency component of the motion shows a growing oscillation of the normal reaction, and predicts thecircumstances in which this can fall to zero (leading to jumping of the body). The exact solution for the free motion afterjumping and until contact with the table is reestablished. The analytical results agree well with numerical simulationsof the exact equations. BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVEMoffatt & Shimomura [1] discussed the familiar phenomenon of the rise to the vertical of a hard-boiled egg setin rapid spinning motion on a table. In that paper, the governing equations were simplified on the assumptionthat the friction is weak and the spin is large (so that the Coriolis force is dominant). Under this 'gyroscopic'assumption, afirst-order differential equation for the inclination of the axis of symmetry was obtained, which, forthe case of a prolate spheroid, did indeed describe the rise of the axis to the vertical. This rise was associated withthe effect of the weak friction at the point of contact, and occurred on a 'slow' time-scale O(µ


Malcolm Knox explores the might of Coles and Woolworths, and Gideon Haigh examines the 1949 death of Beth Wilson and the life of John Kerr who was convicted of her murder.


Internalizing and externalizing problems may develop as early as in the first years of life and can place children on a developmental pathway to peer problems, negative interactions with parents, delinquency, and other negative social and behavioral outcomes [1-5]. Internalizing problems of early childhood typically appear in the form of withdrawal, anxiety, fearfulness, and depression, whereas externalizing problems usually take the form of explicit disruptive or oppositional behaviors such as aggression, defiance, and hyperactivity [6-8]. Externalizing problems cover a wide range of symptoms that often are accompanied by social and educational troubles in children and adolescents and that regularly give cause for concern to parents, teachers, and the society [9,10]. We look at both internalizing and externalizing problems within a developmental psychopathology conceptual framework, that is concerned with individual differences in the origins, course, and outcomes of normative and psychopathological developmental processes [11,12].


Parabolized and iterative Navier-Stokes codes are used to predict flowfield solutions around a hypersonic vehicle. Aerodynamic force and moment predictions from the codes are compared with experimental data from the Sandia National Laboratories Mach 8 wind tunnel. The comparisons are made on a spherically blunted cone with a slice parallel to the body axis. On the slice portion of the vehicle, a flap can be attached so that deflection angles of 10, 20, and 30 deg can be obtained. The Sandia parabolized Navier-Stokes code is used to generate solutions for the sliced vehicle with no flap. For the vehicle with a flap, axially separated flow occurs, and a time iterative Navier-Stokes code is used to provide comparisons with the data. Aerodynamic force and moment comparisons are made for laminar flow, and an ideal gas is assumed in the calculations. A detailed study of grid convergence is presented to determine the accuracy of the numerical solutions. Predictions obtained from the codes show very good agreement with the experimental data for force and moment coefficients, except for large flap deflections.


The Russian drifting station North Pole 4 (NP-4) was within 5° latitude of the North Pole from April 1956 to April 1957. We use a wide-ranging set of snow and meteorological data collected at 3-hourly intervals on NP-4 during this period to investigate energy and mass transfer in the snow, sea ice, and atmospheric surface layer in the central Arctic. SNTHERM, a one-dimensional energy and mass balance model, synthesizes these diverse NP-4 data and thereby yields energetically consistent time series of the components of the surface heat budget. To parameterize the sensible heat flux during extremely stable stratification, we replace the usual log-linear stability function with the "Dutch" formulation and introduce a windless coefficient in the bulk parameterization. This coefficient provides sensible heat transfer at the surface, even when the mean wind speed is near zero, and thereby prevents the surface temperature from falling to unrealistically low values, a common modeling problem when the stratification is very stable. Several other modifications to SNTHERM introduce procedures for creating a realistic snowpack that has continuously variable density and is subject to erosion and wind packing. The NP-4 data provide for two distinct simulations: one on 2-year ice and one on multiyear ice. We validate our modeling by comparing simulated and observed temperatures at various depths in the snow and sea ice. Simulations for both sites show the same tendencies. During the summer, the shortwave radiation is the main term in the surface heat budget. Shortwave radiation also penetrates into the snow and causes a subsurface temperature maximum that both the data and the model capture. During the winter, the net longwave balance is the main term in the surface heat budget. The snow and sea ice cool in response to longwave losses, but the flux of sensible heat from the air to the surface mitigates these losses and is thus nearly a mirror image of the emitted longwave flux.


Objective To analyze the difference of expression gene between monozygotical twins, of which one with congenital heart disease (CHD) such as atrium septal defect and pulmonary stenosis, and the other is normal. Methods The differential screening of 810 weeks fetal heart cDNA library was performed by cDNA probes synthesized by RNA of white cells of the monozygotical twins. Single pass sequencing of selected cDNA clone was determined. The results were compared with the nucleic acid database in terms of GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ. Corresponding ESTs of 810 weeks fetal heart cDNA library was generated and blasted. The difference of expression gene between twins was then compared. Results Thirty four known gene and 5 new ESTs were identified, in which the expression of normal children was higher than that of children with CHD. In another 41 known gene and 7 new ESTs ingroup, the expression of children with CHD was higher than that of normal children. Conclusion Differential screening of monozygotical twins (one CHD/one normal) is an effective strategy to identify genes associated with CHD. Some genes associated with congenital atrium septal defect, pulmonary stenosis were identified in this study.


The holographic bound asserts that the entropy S of a system is bounded from above by a quarter of the area of a circumscribing surface measured in Planck areas: . This bound is widely regarded a desideratum of any fundamental theory of nature. In fact, the bound is known to be valid for generic systems in three spatial dimensions. However, in this essay we explicitly show that hyperentropic systems (those violating the holographic entropy bound) do exist in higher-dimensional spacetimes. This is a new and surprising result which should be taken into account in the construction of any fundamental quantum theory of gravity.


The present work has as main focus the demonstration of the use of an android application as mediator and facilitator of the knowledge of mathematics for elementary school children using concepts and techniques of computational intelligence implementing the model of expert systems.
For this the application will be developed in java using the android platform in order to accompany the great expansion of current technological tools such as games and multimedia applications because they are portable and facilitate the use at any time.
With this, it is expected that the application will be of great use for students and teachers since they have assisted in teaching through methodologies and technological education merged in elementary schools.


Re-infusion of ascitic fluid into the vasculature of patients with liver cirrhosis corrects many of the protein, fluid, and electrolyte abnormalities. Such infusion can lead to D.I.C. Three such cases are reported here. One had intermittent drainage and re-infusion, the other two had Le Veen shunts installed. All three patients showed laboratory evidence of D.I.C. Ascitic fluid on one patient showed procoagulant material by the thromboplastin activation test. In the presence of ascites from another patient, plasmas deficient in Factors XI, IX, and VIII gave recalcification and non-activated partial thromboplastin times similar to those of normal plasma. RCT's and PTT's of normal heparinized plasma and of plasmas deficient in Factors X and VII-X were shortened to a lesser extent. Clotting times of Factor V deficient plasma were prolonged by ascites. These results indicate that an activator of Factor X is present in the ascitic fluid. Additional tests such as RVV and prothrombin times suggest that some activated Factor X and/or tissue activator (endotoxin and leukocytes) may have been formed in vivo.


The deformation of isolation layer in base-isolated building can exceed original design during strong earthquake excitations, which will cause poundings between structure and surrounding retaining wall. Spring limiter installed in base-isolated building can protect the structure. Shaking table test of base-isolated model pounding with spring limiters were performed. The study find the deformation of isolation layer can be effectively reduced by spring limiters, and the deformation of the superstructure will increase slightly. Pounding between structure and spring limiters can arouse high frequency acceleration of building, but had little effect on velocity.Increasing the spring limiters will not change seismic total energy input on the structure, and most of the energy dissipate by the damping. Impact energy dissipation increases with reducing in the gap between structure and spring limiters.


At a given experimental condition the reduction potential (M n + /M b u l k ) of metals decreases progressively from bulk metal (number of atoms = ∞) to the metal cluster (number of atoms are a few only), and eventually attains a minimum value in the M n + /M s t e m (number of atoms = 1) case. The reduction potential of a metal is further lowered in the presence of a nucleophile. Exploiting this idea it has become possible to dissolve coinage metal particles, even gold, in micellar medium without the need of any mineral acid.


Tips for scanning tunneling microscopy prepared from carbon composite materials were used for nanoscale characterization of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) surfaces, both unmodified and modified with adsorbed monolayers of polyoxometalate. A series of different types of carbon (graphite pencil lead, epoxy sealed carbon fiber, pyrolytic graphite) and polishing/etching steps has been investigated in order to produce sharp tips. Atomic resolution is readily obtained for bare HOPG with these tips and also adsorbed monolayers of polyoxometalates can be characterized at the molecular level. As the graphite tips themselves can be easily modified with monolayers of molecules this opens up applications related to tunneling spectroscopy, scanning electrochemical microscopy or testing of molecular electronic devices.


In the present work, an attempt has been made to formulate pH-induced in-situ gel as an ophthalmic drug delivery system. In situ gels are made from polymers that exhibit phase transition due to physicochemical change in the environment. They can be conveniently dropped as a solution into the conjuctival sac in the eye. Upon contact with the lacrimal fluid, the polymer changes its conformation to form a gel. This delivery system has the ease of administration similar to an opthalmic solution and has a long retention time because of the gel formation. Different polymers for preparing pH induced in-situ gels have been evaluated. The topical application of ophthalmically active drugs to the eye is the most prescribed route of administration for the treatment of various ocular diseases. It is generally agreed that the intraocular bioavailability of topically applied drugs is extremely poor. Upon instillation of an ophthalmic solution; most of the instilled volume is eliminated from the pre-corneal area. This loss is mainly due to drainage of the excess fluid by the nasolacrimal duct or elimination of the solution by tear turnover, which will results in poor ocular bioavailability. Lomefloxacin is member of the fluoroquinolone class of antimicrobial drugs. It is active against a wide range of gram positive and gram negative organisms.


In this paper, electroplated CoNiMnP permanent magnet arrays with different geometries and thickness have been designed, fabricated and tested. The arrays contain cylinder magnets with radius of 100µm, 150µm, and 200µm as well as cubic magnets with aspect ratio of 1, 3 and 10. It was observed that the retentivity and the energy density of cylinder arrays decreased as radius increased. For cubic arrays, the retentivity and the energy density rose with the increase of the aspect ratio. A high coercivity of 751Oe, a retentivity up to 8887Gs and an energy density of 17.4kJ/m3 were successfully achieved in cubic arrays. By modifying the geometry of the arrays, the retentivity and the energy density can be improved by up to 115% and 129%, respectively.


This primer offers transportation planners and operations managers a menu of opportunities for applying the regional Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) architecture to enhance planning for operations. It provides specific entry points for leveraging the regional ITS architecture in integrating operations into the planning process. This primer centers on the use of an objectives-driven, performance-based approach to planning for operations; an approach that can leverage regional ITS architectures given the approach's emphasis on operational objectives and performance measures and the architecture's use of data and services to address operational needs. Additionally, the primer leads planners and operators through techniques to make a regional ITS architecture relevant and more accessible to practitioner needs in planning for operations.


The heterogeneity of the urban features, in addition to the inherent challenges added by highly complex terrain, has not allowed the scientific community to reach a complete understanding of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer (ABL) dynamics regarding the land-atmosphere interactions. The intricacies are higher when trying to simulate the observed interactions and their implications for air quality in a numerical modeling framework.

Over the last two decades, the ABL research community has dedicated several research efforts to study turbulent exchanges and ABL processes over complex terrain, and the implications of the particular features of these sites have on turbulence characteristics. A better knowledge of the ABL structure and dynamics is fundamental to understand processes such as air pollutant dispersion and disposal in the atmosphere, development and evolution of deep convection, and urban effects on meteorology. One of the aspects hindering our understanding is the lack of pertinent information from urbanized mountainous regions representative of the entire globe, useful to assess the different hypotheses and conceptual models of the Mountain Boundary Layer (MBL) dynamics. Most of the short- and long-term ABL field experiments in mountainous terrains have taken place over the high-latitude regions such as the Alps and the Rockies, and few over in the tropical Andes, where the Cordillera plays an essential role in controlling orographic rainfall intensification and the ventilation in inter-Andean valleys, resulting in knowledge gap regarding momentum, and latent and sensible heat flux exchanges over low-latitude, urban, complex terrain regions. In addition to a top-down approach, it is essential to follow a bottom-up strategy to study in detail the turbulent heat, mass, and momentum transfer in the Andean region.

The COMPLEX Experiment (COmplex terrain Measurement and modeling Project of Land-atmosphere Energy eXchanges) is a new effort focused on the long-term energy balance measurement campaign settled in the Aburrá Valley, a narrow highly complex mountainous-urban terrain located in the Colombian Andes. The primary purpose of this campaign is to identify the more relevant phenomenological features and processes responsible for ABL spatio-temporal variability, and land-atmosphere interactions in inter-Andean valleys. The long-term observational set-up includes eight sites equipped with turbulent flux sensors and net radiometers, in a cross-section of the valley, a microwave radiometer, a boundary layer radar, a scintillometer, and radiosonde intense observation periods (IOPs). We present the status of the COMPLEX experiment equipment deployment and preliminary results on the relationship of the transition between the stable boundary layer and the convective boundary layer and air quality in the region, and an exploration of the diurnal cycle of the different turbulent terms of the energy budget as a function of time and hill location.


Abstract The relationship between algebraic soliton metrics and self-similar solutions of geometric evolution equations on Lie groups is investigated. After discussing the general relation- ship between algebraic soliton metrics and self-similar solutions to geometric evolution equations, we investigate the cross curvature ow and the second order renormalization group ow on simply-connected, three-dimensional, unimodular Lie groups, providing a complete classification of left invariant algebraic solitons that give rise to self-similar solutions of the corresponding ows on such spaces.


Simple Summary Approximately 30% of breast cancer survivors experience cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) after cancer treatments. Given that CRCI adversely affects quality of life and increases the risk of stroke and dementia, there is an urgent need to identify who might be more vulnerable to CRCI, and how to improve outcomes. Several studies have suggested the possibility that individuals who are sensitive to uncertainty (i.e., intolerance of uncertainty (IU)) are more likely to experience cognitive problems. Consistent with these studies, our findings also showed that greater IU is associated with higher anxiety, and such higher anxiety lowers perceived cognitive function. While much is still to be learned about this association, this study suggests that identifying those with IU and anxiety could assist with identifying those at higher risk for CRCI and that IU and anxiety may be potential targets for future intervention studies. Abstract Cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) is one of the most prevalent symptoms that breast cancer survivors experience. While cancer treatments are established contributors to CRCI, inter-individual differences in CRCI are not well understood. Individual differences in sensitivity to uncertainty are potential contributors to CRCI; however, no prior studies have attempted to examine this link in the context of breast cancer. To address the gap, we used preliminary findings from an ongoing cross-sectional study. A total of 38 women with stage I–III breast cancer (1–4 years post-treatment) were included in this study. Intolerance of uncertainty (IU) was assessed using the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale. Self-reported cognitive function was assessed with the Neuro-QoL questionnaire. Anxiety was assessed using the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement System Bank. From this study, we found that anxiety mediates the association between IU and cognitive function of survivors. In other words, among post-menopausal breast cancer survivors, those with higher IU showed higher anxiety and consequently had lower cognitive function. This finding suggests that assessing IU may help predict the risk of CRCI. This study expands the current knowledge that addresses the importance of IU as a factor associated with cognitive health.


Abstract : This report is concerned with a limited investigation of the 5.56mm cartridge, lot LC-12387, fired from M16A1 rifles using the standard flash suppressor, FSN-1005-933-8089. Two 5000-round confirmatory tests were fired in M16A1 rifles at Frankford Arsenal using ammunition lot LC-12387. These tests have indicated the adequacy of this ammunition when fired in standard rifles with standard flash suppressors. There was no significant accumulation of cartridge residue in the bolt-carrier group of either of the test rifles. Residue accumulation in the gas tube appeared normal as indicated by air flow readings and weight measurements. Review of test data contained in U.S. Army Human Engineering Laboratories (USAHEL) Letter Report No. 88 has indicated that the use of noise suppressing muzzle attachments can seriously affect gas tube life in the M16A1 rifles.


This study was carried out in order to compare in 20 different rangeland sample areas that determined in order to environmental variables, vegetation and soil properties by multivariate ordination analysis in Mugla province. Cluster analysis was made to determine the similarity and species compositions of sample areas, and as a result of this analysis, three different groups have occurred. Additionally, detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) was made after the indicator species analysis. The interaction between environmental and soil-borne factors as altitude, distance to village, soil depth, pH in saturated soil with water, lime and surface stoniness were found to be significant and this significance was expressed by graphs. Moreover, it was indicated that relationship with species in the vegetation of the variables that were determined as significant by tables and figures. The relationship with the species in the vegetation of the variables that were determined as significant was also indicated. The result of the study showed that environmental variables as soil depth, soil pH saturated with water, stony surface, altitude and distance to villages had a significant effect on the species diversity and distribution in the samples areas.


Vacuolation is a common feature in membranelimited cellular structures (reviewed by Henics and Wheatley, 1999, Biol Cell 91: 485–498). The investigations of this phenomenon have involved many experimental models, and covered many physiological processes, both normal and pathological. As far as we know, this small collection of papers devoted to vacuolation processes represents one of the first attempts to collate such findings and review them in order to improve our understanding of their relevance, significance and importance in living systems. We have deliberately played down two topics: the obvious cases of cell pathology and the plant cell studies, for here, as in fungi, vacuolar function and regulation has been quite extensive investigated in the couple of last decades. If we dwell briefly on their characteristics, it is quite obvious that these vacuoles play an integrally important role in much of the physiology of the cell and its adaptation to environment, and not merely in volume regulation. The fact that in these organism, as in the 'lower' eukaryotes in the animal kingdom, the vacuoles are well organized, and several types of them are usually permanent, should leave us to conclude that vacuoles in higher animal eukaryotic cells have continued this ancestral trait and will retain a few, some or many of those inherited from earlier life forms. Even from the following rather incomplete range of presentations as review and experimental papers, we should have our thoughts on the common features in organization and function of vacuoles. At the same time, we can probably begin to 'categorize' them since, as already mentioned, there is also diversity in origin, composition and function. In their review, Beyer et al. consider the formation and morpho-functional diversity of parasitophorous vacuoles, a pattern which appears to be parasite specific, demonstrating a broad diversity not only in different phyla, but also within the same phyla, even within the same genera and species. Despite being an extreme example of adaptation and specialization, these vacuoles provide many interesting features that are common for other types of cellular vacuolation. This statement is even more true for the related behavior of contractile vacuoles, and their dynamic organization as


As an athlete, you know that achieving optimal performance involves practicing hard, hitting the weight room and being on top of your game both mentally and physically. However, many athletes tend to underestimate the way in which alcohol use, even a few drinks, can nullify your hard work by erasing the effects of your workouts, reducing your endurance and compromising your mental game. The structure of the athletic season sometimes lends itself to small windows of opportunity to "party" that can contribute to nights of heavy binge drinking or over-indulgence, ending in situations of regret, blackouts, legal problems, and sometimes team and university sanctions. The purpose of this investigation was to identify the Effects of alcohol on sports performance and physical fitness.


PURPOSE
The aim of this study is to evaluate how simultaneously increasing fraction time and dose per fraction affect biologically effective dose for the target (BED(tar)) while biologically effective dose for the normal tissue (BED(nt)) is fixed.

METHODS
In this investigation, BED(tar) and BED(nt) were studied by assuming mono-exponential repair of sublethal damage with tissue dependent repair half-time.

RESULTS
Our results demonstrate that under certain conditions simultaneously increasing fraction time and dose per fraction result in increased BED(tar) while BED(nt) is fixed. The dependence of biologically effective dose on fraction time is influenced by the dose rate. In this investigation we analytically determined time-varying dose rate R̃ which minimizes BED. Changes in BED with fraction time were compared for constant dose rate and for R̃.

CONCLUSIONS
A number of recent experimental and theoretical studies have demonstrated that slow delivery of radiation (known as radiation protraction) leads to reduced therapeutic effect because of increased repair of sublethal damage. In contrast, our analysis shows that under certain conditions simultaneously increasing fraction time and dose per fraction are radiobiologically advantageous.


3. See http://www.kraszna-krausz.org.uk/books/2008-awards-winners-announced. 4. Andrew Lockett was Head of Publishing at the BFI from 1997-2003. 5. The Lost World of Mitchell it Kenyon: Edwardian Britain on Film, ed. Toulmin, Popple and Russell, BFI 2004, and Electric Edwardians: The Story of the Mitchell it Kenyon Collection, Toulmin, BFI 2006. The Politics of Documentary, Michael Cha?an; Seven Up, Stella Bruzzi, in the BFI TV Classics series; 100 British Documentaries, Patrick Russell, in the BFI Screen Guides series?all BFI, 2007. Distant Voices, Still Lives, Paul Farley, in the BFI Modern Classics series, BFI 2006.


The anatomical sciences have traditionally relied primarily upon descriptive terms in analyzing the form and shape of various parts of the body. Although much insight has been gained by this approach as to the functional and dynamic roles of the various body components, the lack of quantitative data in defining these same structures has become a definite hindrance in attempting to understand more precisely their mechanisms of action. The application of photogrammetry to the analysis of body form and shape provides us for the first time with an opportunity to represent any external portion of the body as a system of coordinate points of the X, Y and Z axes. Thus, with appropriate mathematical manipulations, these values permit one to calculate the volume of a given structure and make comparisons of position and symmetry between different structures of the body as well as members of various sized populations of people. Some specific examples of this application carried out to date by Dr. Herron and his associates include the determination of the volume of amputated stumps of either the upper of lower extremity as an aid in fitting prostheses, the efficacy of various modes of therapy for lymphedema as a result of surgical removal of the breast, and the early detection of changes in the curvature of the spine of children in anticipation of preventing the development of idiopathic scoliosis.


We present supergravity solution for F-string in pp wave background obtained from AdS4 X CP3 with zero flat directions.The classical solution is shown to break all space-time supersymmetries. We explicitly write down the standard as well as supernumerary Killing spinors both for the background and F-string solution.


The project will support local development subprojects, community strengthening, decentralization, and a sustainable management of infrastructure. Within this context, given the absence of a detailed legislative framework on environmental mitigation in Chad, in addition to weak institutional capacity, the project design will focus on an environmental institutional framework, integrating a national environmental, and social management, under the Project Unit, and Technical Environmental and Socioeconomic Units at the local levels, to strengthen the Ministry of the Environment's competencies, while consultations with local people would ensure improvements to the natural environment. This strategy will allow identification of precise mitigation measures for each subproject, propose training needs, and, enable the project to capitalize on best practices learned from local development partners. Mitigation measures are as follows: concerning transport, and roads construction, community participation will be included in the route tracing process, further validated by drainage studies, while local workers, as well as local materials for construction will be utilized; deforestation should be minimized, and fragmentation of natural habitats avoided, emphasizing on vegetation propagation following construction; similarly, regarding energy subprojects, installation of power distribution lines should minimize deforestation and natural habitats fragmentation, and voltage should be determined in accordance to socioeconomic parameters; schools, and health facilities should be constructed close to villages, avoiding flood prone areas, and ensuring appropriate wastes disposal procedures; water quality testing and adequate drainage systems should be observed in the implementation of water supply subprojects. Recommendations on involuntary resettlement issues are also included.


We are greatly saddened by the recent death of Raúl Mena, our mentor, collaborator, and friend. He was a professor in the Department of Physiology, Biophysics, and Neurosciences of the Advanced Research Studies Center (CINVESTAV-IPN) in Mexico City. Raúl was born on July 23, 1953 in Merida,Yucatan, Mexico. He was proud to be of Mayan descendent. After suffering a stroke in 2011, he retired from his scientific and academic work to recover with his family, with all the love from his mother and his sister "Amor" (love). Friends, students, and coworkers hoped that Raúl could return to scientific work, but he passed away suddenly on 11 June 2014 (Fig. 3). Raúl, who studied with such a passion the tau molecular processing in Alzheimer's disease (AD), also founded the first brain bank in Latin America. Raúl Mena began his studies in medicine at the faculty of Medicine in Yucatan under the supervision of Jorge Zavala-Vázquez. He moved to Mexico City to attend the Postgraduate School at the CINVESTAV, initially with Adolfo Martı́nez-Palomo, and later with Victor Sutsumi-Fujiyoshi. Finally, he got his PhD in the laboratory of Eugenio Frixione-Garduño. However, Raúl's first contact with AD was during his first posdoctoral fellowship in the laboratory of Claudio Cuello of McGill University. In 1989, his first studies concerned the use of the new antibody 423, on neuropathological immunochystochemistry of neurofibrillary tangles. The antibody 423 was developed


This paper presents the voltage control scheme of a five level dual inverter topology. The topology consists of a 3 level flying capacitor inverter with a single DC source on one end and a 2 level inverter with a charge controlled capacitor at the other end. All the capacitor voltages are maintained using redundant states. Space vector modulation using hexagonal decomposition is used to drive the inverter. One drawback in most open-end topologies using single source is the non-use of full space vector diagram due to the unavailability of redundant states in the outermost space vector layer. The main contribution of this work is the development of a modulation scheme that can be used for the entire space vector diagram, overcoming charge balance issues. The proposed scheme results in more range for linear modulation and battery utilisation. Detailed analysis of the circuit operation and modulation technique has been presented. The control scheme is validated using simulation studies for a 3.6kW, 0.8 PF RL load.


"What social influence can this gigantic flow of images and myths have, that circulate across all people of the world! One might say that, perhaps, the diffusion of cinema is the greatest recurring esthetico-social fact since the Middle Ages." (Andre Bazin & Jean-Pierre Chartier, "Peut-on s'interesser au cinema?", 1942) The repeated comparison between cinema and the printing press in Andre Bazin's first defense of film criticism - in fact, his first essay on cinema - indicates the importance he reserves for the relation between writing and cinema, and ultimately aligns the diffusive character of his film criticism with cinema's fundamentally social esthetics. "Cinematographic esthetics," he writes, "will be social, or cinema will do without esthetics," ("Pour une critique cinematographique (suite et fin)", 1943) while claiming that "the only thing worse than a bad critic, would be a critic without readers" ("Pour une esthetique realiste", 1944). In this paper, I argue that Bazin's practice of film criticism was largely informed by an aversion to exhaustive and encyclopedic film histories, primarily Georges Sadoul's extensive Histoire generale du cinema. In his review to the first of Sadoul's volumes, L'Invention du cinema (1946), Bazin reverses a commonplace chronological historiography, before subtly building his proposal for a myth of total cinema on Rene Barjavel's Cinema total: essai sur les formes futures du cinema (1944), in which he accuses certain silent film esthetes of "intellectual laziness" for ignoring the historical and theoretical value of sound cinema (he mentions Jean Epstein, Abel Gance, Marcel L'Herbier, Rene Clair and Germaine Dulac, among others). Such stubborn ignorance of talking cinema alerted Bazin to the necessity of a certain "methodological prudence," which he adopts in a critical methodology, synergetic with cinema's evolution. Rather than compiling an exhaustive history or a prescriptive film theory, this method resulted in a fragmented, non-consecutive and lacunary oeuvre, comprising numerous articles ranging from short periodicals to extensive essays, unpublished manuscripts and partial publications. I want to address this connection between talking cinema and the myth of total cinema, in order to better understand the significance of Bazin's historical project for us today, when cinema's frequently discussed expansive impulse drastically enhances the circulation of images and myths.


In Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear (CBRN) disaster, integrated and optimized equipment package including stretcher, isolation unit, patient monitoring and treatment equipment is essential to achieve proper treatment and prevent secondary contamination. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficiency and ease of use of integrated CBRN disaster equipment package for disaster medical response. This study was a randomized crossover study using a manikin simulation for emergency medical technitian (EMT). All participants used the existing devices and prototype of integrated CBRN disaster equipment package alternately. Efficiency was measured by time from vital sign change to detection or treatment application. Ease was use was measured by questionnaires for each patient monitor, stretcher care and isolation unit. 12 EMTs were enrolled. hypoxia-detection time of integrated equipment group was significantly shorter than existing equipment group (4.9 s (3.8-3.9) vs 3.5 s (2.5-3.9), p < 0.05). There was decreasing tendency of ECG change detection and facial mask oxygen supply but no statistical significance was observed. Overall satisfaction of patient monitoring device in integrated equipment group was significantly higher than existing devices (4(3.5-5) vs 3(3-3), p < 0.05). The use of integrated CBRN disaster equipment package shortened the hypoxia detection time and improved usability of vital sign monitor compared to existing devices.


Objective:To study the processing mechanism of the conflicting stereo and plane visual shapes in human brain.Methods:The stimulus pairs consisted of similar plane and stereo shapes and were divided into four conditions:a, The first (S 1) and the second stimulus (S 2) were the same stereo shapes;b,S 1 and S 2 were the same plane shapes;c,S 1 and S 2 were different stereo shapes;d,S 1 and S 2 were different plane shapes. Participants were instructed to discriminate if the two visual stimuli presented in sequence were identical and event-related potential (ERP) was recorded from their scalp.Result:A conflicting negative component N 270 was recorded in condition c and d,which showed the maximal amplitude in the right posterior scalp in condition c and in the anterior scalp in condition d.Conclusion:Different cognition mechanism might be involved in the process of conflicting stereo and plane visual shapes.


Forecasting the passenger flow volumes of flight routes is an important foundation for the regional airlines revenue management.By the analysis of the comparison between the commonly-used forecasting methods for passenger flow volumes,such as time series method,increment means,regression analysis method,neural network means,and based on the time series forecasting model and neural network forecasting model,the combination forecasting method was adopted.The combination forecasting model for passenger flow volumes of flight routes of regional airlines was established.Three models were compared to predict the results by empirical analysis,which verifies the effectiveness of the combination forecasting model proposed.


Absorption spectra in the far ultra-violet region of the spectrum have recently assumed an important role in fixing the electronic structures of polyatomic molecules. This has been especially true of organic molecules such as acetylene, ethylene, the alkyl halides, alcohols, ethers and ketones. While all "molecular electrons" (i. e. those not contained in inner shells) can be expected to give rise to absorption bands in the region 2000–1000 A, it most frequently happens that one special electron type dominates the absorption. For example, the excitation of non-bonding pπ electrons dominate the absorption of methyl and ethyl iodides (Price 1936 a ); so-called "lone pairs" located on the oxygen atoms are responsible for all the strong bands of water, formaldehyde, etc. (Mulliken 1935 a, b ; Price 1935 a , 1936 b ). In order to obtain discrete absorption bands, which are desirable for the purposes of interpreting electronic structure, it is usually necessary to take the very simplest organic molecule containing the group we wish to study. Thus for molecules of the type R 1COO R 2 ( R being an alkyl group or a hydrogen atom) it has been found that only the simplest of these, namely formic acid, shows discrete absorption bands. The interpretation of the electronic structure of the carboxyl group will therefore depend to a considerable extent upon the analysis of these discrete bands. From the discussion which follows it will be easy to see why the continuous absorption from the larger molecules of the type R 1COO R 2 follows roughly the envelope of the discrete absorption of HCOOH except in so far as it is enhanced in certain regions by additional absorption from C—C and C—H bonding electrons or suffers small shifts to longer wave-lengths as a result of the substitution of hydrogen atoms by alkyl groups. The experimental technique employed in obtaining absorption spectra in the vacuum ultra-violet has been described elsewhere (Collins and Price 1934). The Lyman continuum serves as the background against which the 19340. The Lyman continuum serves as the background against which the absorption is observed, and the gas under investigation is allowed to flow continuously through the body of the spectrograph.


There is concern by some stakeholders that Australia's National Competition Policy (NCP) provides insufficient incentive for investment in export supply chain infrastructure. The main focus of this paper is rail infrastructure carrying export coal in Queensland and the New South Wales Hunter Valley. The paper examines the evidence for 'bottlenecks' in these supply chains, concluding that under-provision of capacity in the Hunter Valley is likely to persist into the next decade in spite of substantial investment planned by infrastructure owners. Two major factors that appear to be adversely impacting investment are identified. The first is that insufficient weight is given by regulatory regimes to providing investment incentives, while excessive weight is given to preventing capture of monopoly rents. The paper suggests addition of an appropriate objects provision in Part IIIA of the Trade Practices Act. The second factor inhibiting investment is fragmentation of export supply chains, which is preventing coordinated decision making about future capacity requirements and therefore investment. Emerging systems of supply chain collaboration are diminishing the ill effects of fragmentation, but to date have been ineffectual in agreeing on the required scope and cost of investments, creating uncertainty for investors about the future regulatory asset base. The paper suggests adoption of the process recently mandated by the Queensland Competition Authority to determine increments to the regulatory asset base. It also suggests ACCC authorisations to permit vertical and horizontal information sharing to agree forecasts of future demand, and from this the scope and cost of required new capacity.


Objective:To study the purification process conditions of total flavonids from Hypericum Perforatum with alkalization method combined with macroporous resin method.Methods:In static saturated adsorption capacity,the static analytic rate was as an index of 6 kinds of macroporous resin for selection.Total flavonoids content was as index to extract on column pretreatment method,and resin adsorption process parameters were optimized.Results:The results showed that D101 macroporous resin adsorption was the best.The sample liquid concentration was 0.2 g/mL and the washing was 60% ethanol.The elution rate was 3 BV/h.The dosage of eluent was 5 BV/h.Conclusion:All above showed that the optimization of total flavonids from Hypericum Perforatum purification process is stable,simple and feasible,and suitable for mass production.


WS-BPEL 2.0 is the current version of the "Business Process Execution Language for Web Services". Until now, no formal definition of its syntax exists. We present a complete syntax of WS-BPEL 2.0 of both abstract and executable processes.


Abstract How often do articles depend on suppression effects for their findings? How often do they disclose this fact? By suppression effects, we mean control-variable-induced increases in estimated effect sizes. Researchers generally scrutinize suppression effects as they want reassurance that authors have a strong explanation for them, especially when the statistical significance of the key finding depends on them. In a reanalysis of observational studies from a leading journal, we find that over 30% of articles depend on suppression effects for statistical significance. Although increases in key effect estimates from including control variables are of course potentially justifiable, none of the articles justify or disclose them. These findings may point to a hole in the review process: journals are accepting articles that depend on suppression effects without readers, reviewers, or editors being made aware.


This article frames the focus of this special Africana studies issue of Critical Sociology, discussing its theoretical and epistemological necessity for the discipline, its potential for critical informing inquiry within the discipline with respect to Africana social phenomena as well the human experience, the challenges it poses for the traditional conduct of sociological inquiry and what the particular pieces selected for this issue contribute to each of these.


Nicolas Nagot, Sinead Delany-Moretlwe & Philippe Mayaud† †Author for correspondence London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Clinical Research Unit, Department of Infectious & Tropical Diseases, London WC1E 7HT, UK Tel.: +44 207 927 2291; Fax: +44 207 637 4314; email@example.com 'New data suggest that HSV-2 therapy may provide public health and clinical benefits when given to HIV-1-infected individuals.'


In ferromagnets with low critical temperatures, dipolar interactions are the reason for the reduction of the critical dimension above which mean-field behavior prevails. Specifically, it is shown that a three-dimensional uniaxial system with dipole–dipole interactions falls into the universality class of a four-dimensional strictly short-range system, whose behavior is mean field with subtle logarithmic corrections which reflect the nonmean-field behavior that sets in fully below four space dimensions.


In an earlier measurement of the He II 4686 AA line (1977) (at electron densities of (1-3)*1018 cm-3 and electron temperatures of 9.4 to 19.9 eV) the authors compared the measured profile with the only available calculation. Good agreement was found between the electron densities predicted by the Stark-broadening theory and those measured in the experiment. In this letter they present the comparison of their experimental data with a Stark-broadening profile using the unified theory. Both the theories describe the experimentally obtained profile, but the densities obtained by fitting to the unified theory line profile are in strong disagreement with the experiment.


International e-commerce in the economic globalization and the rapid development of global informatization process,which itself has contributed significantly to the development of international trade development.Therefore,on the impact of international development of e-commerce on international trade and China's countermeasures for analysis and research,and making strategies from both the Government and enterprises.


It has been observed in several studies that lots of deprived communities are remote by distance, terrible road conditions, lack of or bust bridges and scarce transport. These conditions make it difficult for rural people to get their sell to market and finding jobs to place of work, to grip health emergencies, to admit children to school, and to obtain public services. In view of this, an attempt has been made in this study to consider the impact of rural roads on income and employment of the households in West Bengal. It has been found that better roads and railway systems lead to access and opportunities leading to diversified livelihood and accordingly diversified income are generated. The study also reveals that there is both quantitative and qualitative divergence in employment of the households between near and away from main road & rail station. The area which has high road and high population density positively influences the educational level too. Better access to education is materialised due to proximity of main road and rail station. The Gini coefficient is higher in case of those households who are near to main roads and rail station as well as a high Simpson index reflecting a diversified rural livelihoods mainly because of better access in income niche and implying a variation and heterogeneity in income.


Honeybees, Apis mellifera , are important for agriculture because they pollinate crops. Bees play a very important role in pollination because they maintain flower constancy. There are at least eighteen different viruses that can infect honeybees. Deformed Wing Virus (DWV) is one of the most common viruses and it is positive-strand RNA virus. DWV has been isolated from the brains of aggressive bees in Japan and shares a high sequence homology to Kakugo Virus (KV). Currently, there is an ongoing debate of whether DWV and KV are two different viruses or simply regional isolates. DWV can be transmitted both vertically and horizontally between bees in a colony and can lead to both symptomatic and asymptomatic infections in bees. In environmentally stressful conditions, DWV has the potential to cause the demise of a honeybee colony. In 2006, Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD) was defined as the disappearance of worker bees leading to the total collapse of a bee colony. Because DWV infection contributes to bee illness, there is a possibility that DWV causes CCD. The purpose of the current research project is to design a successful in-situ hybridization to identify regions within the brains of honeybees where DWV replicates. The localization of the virus in the brains of the bees can draw a connection between CCD and DWV. sense the RT-PCR. The


Research interest in the port industry has increased significantly in recent decades, due to the integration of ports in global supply chain strategies. Ports globally are facing strong competitive pressures in order to meet modern demand characteristics. The motivation behind this work has been to analyse the works present in academic journals, which fall under the port competition umbrella and identify niche areas of research. The study provides detailed analysis of the different research angles of port competition being port selection, port productivity and port competitiveness. Results show that most works focus on topics related to port selection, efficiency, performance and competitiveness. Room for future research appears to be in the areas of geographic comparisons of ports and terminals, financial indicators linked with environmental efficiency, efficiency in liquefied and liquid cargo terminals, port competitiveness and IT systems, port management related issues to strategy and marketing management and finally intra-port competition.


The ±1100 kV Zhundong–Wannan ultra high-voltage direct current (UHVDC) transmission project is under construction in China, which has the highest operating voltage in the world. The length of the UHVDC overhead transmission line is greater than 3000 km. The electromagnetic transient process caused by grounding faults might have significantly impact on the overvoltage level of DC transmission line, which is crucial for the external insulation configuration of the overhead transmission line. This paper presents a detailed electromagnetic transient simulation model for the UHVDC transmission system using an open-loop extinction angle control principle. The simulation results demonstrate that the single pole grounding fault into a bipolar system causes the most serious damage. The maximum overvoltage is 1.628 p.u. and the 2% statistic overvoltage is 1.635 p.u., while the reference value is 1122 kV. The influence of DC filters for line overvoltage is also analysed here. Furthermore, results show that adding a no gap line arrester at the midpoint of transmission line can suppress line overvoltage, while the maximum overvoltage reduces by 0.138 p.u. The results obtained provides a reference for the optimisation of the external insulation configuration.


Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have been widely used to collect data from ground nodes (GNs) in various applications because of their flexibility and mobility. Some emergency situations pose strict requirements for UAV's mission completion time. The current research focuses on the design and optimization of UAV's flight trajectory to shorten the mission completion time. But the data collection process also greatly affects the mission completion time, especially when the uplink throughput is large. This article emphasizes the data collection process and proposes a V-shaped collection trajectory for the first time to shorten UAV's collection time and then jointly optimizes the flight and collection trajectory to minimize the mission completion time. We formulate the mission completion time under energy constraints to an optimization problem and decompose it into three subproblems: 1) mission allocation of UAVs; 2) collection time minimization; and 3) joint optimization of collection and flight trajectory. 1) We establish the mission allocation model by setting the scaling factors for the flight and collection mission, and then solve it by utilizing the min–max multiple traveling salesman problem (MTSP) algorithm; 2) for the data collection process, we propose a V-shaped trajectory to minimize the data collection time and prove its validity; and 3) since the flight and collection trajectory of the adjacent GNs are deeply coupled, we model the joint optimization of the flight and the collection time as a mixed-integer nonlinear programming problem, and solve it by the joint optimization algorithm for flight trajectory and collection trajectory (JOFC). The simulation results show that our proposal outperforms the compared schemes.


The location imaging of reinforced concrete in building structure is studied. An imaging system for detecting concrete cross sections with ultra-wideband stepping frequency conversion radar is designed. According to the requirement of imaging system, a wideband double ridged horn antenna is used as the sensor of the imaging system by using electromagnetic simulation software HFSS and the average of voltage standing-wave ratio (VSWR) is less than 2.5. The transmitted signal is changed in step frequency, and the echo signals of different groups at different positions are collected. The internal structure of concrete is reconstructed by using the ω-k algorithm in the synthetic aperture microwave imaging method. A diameter of 1cm of steel in the concrete at different depth is reconstructed successfully by using this imaging system.


Market research should have a great deal of potential for assisting managers who want to set goals and evaluate performance of marketing and customer-related activities. However, because of the low status, and apparent complexity surrounding both the research processes and the external MR industry as a whole, this potential is often overlooked or disregarded in practice. We develop a process model to explain the issues introduced during the lengthy journey from research survey data to management decision taking, and show how, in the broader context of management decision taking, improving the management of the market research process can result in better marketing accountability. The paper concludes with two interesting scenarios for the future direction of the MR industry, and some practical recommendations for client firms.


This paper analyzes chaotic motions which result from exotic intermittency mechanisms in a simple power system model. The evolution of chaotic motions is illustrated by suitable time domain simulations. The global dynamic structure of the power system model is described and the intermittency induced chaotic motions are examined in detail. It is shown that extremely rich steady state phenomena exist in this power system model which originate from complicated intermittency mechanisms involving several chaotic limit sets and periodic orbits.


A waterproof coating material, comprising the following raw materials in the following parts by weight: a rubber latex 20-60, an emulsified asphalt 20-60, and a waterproof bridging agent 0.2-4. The waterproof bridging agent may be any one of a silane-type waterproof bridging agent, a bimetallic waterproof bridging agent, a lignin waterproof bridging agent, a tin waterproof bridging agent, a zirconium waterproof bridging agent, an organophosphate waterproof bridging agent or a rare earth waterproof bridging agent or a combination thereof.


Several tumors can develop in the small bowel. The rarity of small bowel tumors (SBTs) and their nonspecific symptoms often complicate the diagnosis of these lesions. SBTs can be classified into benign tumors, such as adenomas, leiomyomas, and lipomas, or malignant tumors such as adenocarcinomas, neuroendocrine tumors, lymphomas, gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), and sarcomas. Determining the benign or malignant nature of SBTs is clinically challenging. However, double-balloon enteroscopy (DBE) is a good tool that can be used for the visualization and sampling of SBTs. Dolu et al. reported the endoscopic and histological characteristics of DBE-diagnosed SBTs. Although the endoscopic classification of SBTs into small intestinal polyps and masses has not been demonstrated, the authors defined polyps as protrusions without ulcers and masses as ulcerative or infiltrative protruding lesions, sessile lesions larger than 3 cm, and submucosal lesions. They reported a retrospective analysis of 152 DBE procedures in 90 patients (12.7%) with polyps or masses in their small bowel out of 704 patients. According to their endoscopic appearance, 48 patients (53.3%) had polyps and 42 (46.7%) had masses. Fifty-three patients (58.9%) had benign SBTs, while 37 patients (41.1%) had malignant SBTs, depending on their histological characteristics. Endoscopically detected polyps were all benign, and five of the 42 endoscopically detected masses were also benign. Compared with masses, polyps were diagnosed at a younger age. Further, 73 patients (81%) were diagnosed histologically using DBE. In this study, the most common malignant SBT was GIST, and hamartomatous polyps were the most common type of polyps because the hospital where the study was conducted was a reference hospital for Peutz-Jeghers syndrome. In other studies, the most common malignancies were adenocarcinomas, lymphomas, neuroendocrine tumors, and GISTs, while adenomatous polyps were the most common type of benign tumors. Lesions were most often found in the proximal part of the small intestine; therefore, when an asymptomatic SBT is suspected, enteroscopy from the oral route is preferred. The greatest advantage of DBE is localization and tissue acquisition, and in approximately 70% to 80% of cases making a histological diagnosis is possible. The diagnosis rate may vary depending on endoscopic classification. In patients who were endoscopically considered to have a polyp (n=48), the histological diagnosis was confirmed as a benign SBT using DBE in all patients (100%). However, among patients with a mass on This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.


A carrier (2) consisting of a carrier material, an intermediate which is located between the first layer of first material (12), and the carrier (2) consists of a second material first layer (12) comprising a layer, the first material has a substantially same expansion behavior as that of the carrier material, have a mismatch of the expansion to the second material, the stress intermediate layer (6) results from expansion mismatch made from a second material for absorbing having the structure (8), discloses a stress-free composite substrate. Also disclosed are methods of making such stress-free composite substrate.


The dynamic characteristics of metal-rubber spring are one of the key factors for the performance of dynamic track stabilizer.According to the constitutive parameter of metal-rubber spring,the finite element model of it was built.Based on the LS-DYNA,the nonlinear dynamic stiffness characteristics of the metal-rubber spring were researched for X,Y,Z coordinate directions.According to the analytical results,the dynamic characteristics of the metal-rubber spring are nonlinear under the loads and frequency in the diversity compound.The results provide a theoretical basis to research the optimization design of metal-rubber spring.


The diploid chromosome numbers of E.amurensis and H.auritus were both 2n=48,and N.F.=92.The chromosome complement of E.amurensis was composed of 13 metacentric,6 submetacentric,3 subtelocentric,1 telocetric and the XY chromosome pair.Using the C-and Ag-NOR-banding techniques,it has been demonstrated that the large,terminal blocks of heterochromatin were distributed on the long arm of 5 pairs of chromosomes,and the Ag-NORs were all located terminally,usually close to the heterochromatin blocks on 2-3 chromosome pairs.The chromosome complement of H.auritus was composed of 18 metacentric,4 submetacentric,1 subtelocentric,and the XY chromosome pair.The C-bands have been found in 17 out of the 24 pairs of chromosome.The Ag-NORs was distributed on 3-5 chromosomes and the interstitial distribution of one Ag-NOR was found.Therefore,there were striking differences between the karyotypes of the two species.The authors suggested there were three different types of karyotypes among various geographic populations of E.amurensis at least.The karyotype of three species of genus Erinaceus (E.aurensis,E.europaeous and E.concolor),as well as the karyotype of three species of genus Hemiechinus (H.auritus,H.dauuricus and H.hugi),were compared respectively.The morphology of SC and the behavior of XY of E.amurensis have been studied.The G-banded karyotype of H.auritus was also presented.


We present a detailed abundance study based on spectroscopic data obtained with HARPS of two solar-analogue main targets for the asteroseismology programme of the CoRoT satellite: HD 42618 and HD 43587. The atmospheric parameters and chemical composition are accurately determined through a fully differential analysis with respect to the Sun observed with the same instrumental set-up. Several sources of systematic errors largely cancel out with this approach, which allows us to narrow down the 1-σ error bars to typically 20 K in effective temperature, 0.04 dex in surface gravity, and less than 0.05 dex in the elemental abundances. Although HD 42618 fulfils many requirements for being classified as a solar twin, its slight deficiency in metals and its possibly younger age indicate that, strictly speaking, it does not belong to this class of objects. On the other hand, HD 43587 is slightly more massive and evolved. In addition, marked differences are found in the amount of lithium present in the photospheres of these two stars, which might reveal different mixing properties in their interiors. These results will put tight constraints on the forthcoming theoretical modelling of their solar-like oscillations and contribute to increase our knowledge of the fundamental parameters and internal structure of stars similar to our Sun.


The paper examines the moral and ethical principles of the forensic profession and prospects for their legal codification, as well as the need to build a professional code of ethics for forensic scientists and its potential practical significance.


. Let Ω be either the unit polydisc D d or the unit ball B d in C d and G be a finite pseudoreflection group which acts on Ω . Associated to each one-dimensional representation ̺ of G, we provide a notion of the (weighted) Hardy space H 2 ̺ (Ω /G ) on Ω /G. Subsequently, we show that each H 2 ̺ (Ω /G ) is isometrically isomorphic to the relative invariant subspace of H 2 (Ω) associated to the representation ̺. For Ω = D d , G = S d , the permutation group on d symbols and ̺ = the sign representation of S d , the Hardy space H 2 ̺ (Ω /G ) coincides to well-known notion of the Hardy space on symmetrized polydisc. We largely use invariant theory of the group G to estab-lish identities involving Toeplitz operators on H 2 (Ω) and H 2 ̺ (Ω /G ) which enable us to study algebraic properties (such as generalized zero product problem, characteri-zation of commuting Toeplitz operators, compactness etc.) of Toeplitz operators on


Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a neuromodulation technique that causes alterations in the synthesis of several proteins, including cytokines (e.g., Interleukins). Pro-inflammatory cytokines are associated with the presence of pain and their reduction occurs in several pathologies. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of tDCS on the variation of tissue and serum blood levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and its relationship with behavioral changes, through a systematic review. PubMed, Embase and Lilacs database searches were performed for articles published in all languages before October 1, 2020. The search was based on the keywords "Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation" or "tDCS" and "IL-1alpha " or "IL-1Beta" or "IL-6" or "IL-8" or "IL-17" or "Tumoral necrosis factor alpha" or "TNF-alpha". The systematic review protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021283417). Initially, 416 studies were identified in the electronic databases, of which 40 were eliminated because they were duplicates. Of the remaining 376, 358 were excluded after analyzing the title and abstract (selection stage) and 09 were excluded after a complete reading. Nine studies were considered for evaluation. The results demonstrate that tDCS can alter the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and modify behaviors in animals, however these findings are variable. Still, the cause and effect relationship between cytokine levels and behavioral changes found was not conclusive. Further studies are needed to establish the mechanisms involved in the action of tDCS on the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines.


John Deely's recent tome, Four Ages of Understanding, is a masterful reinterpretation of Western philosophy's history in light of the notion of sign,1 While I do not agree with every detail of Deely's account in this work, I substantially agree with what he says. I measure Deely's excellence in light of my recent trilogy of books, and subsequent research, about Western philosophy's history.2 Deely starts his account with a hypothesis that, he says, frames an apparently "outrageous" tale: "philosophy as it has been taught in our American universities since their beginning in 1636 has mainly left out so many irreducibly key elements as to get the whole thing wrong, when it has not been made downright incomprehensible. And philosophy itself as a discipline of thought has suffered severely in consequence."3 My account starts with a similarly outrageous tale. Deely does not go far enough. He should move the date of decline back about twelve centuries and the place to continental Europe.


We present elastic neutron scattering results at high magnetic fields for Mg-doped CuGeO3. For low magnesium concentrations, where a spin-Peierls phase is present, we find an enhancement of the long range antiferromagnetic order in the structural incommensurate phase induced by a high magnetic field. In the incommensurate phase, the Néel temperature increases with field leading to a gain in the magnetic Bragg peak intensity at low temperatures. We also find that the magnetic Bragg peaks remain commensurate even though the structure is incommensurate at high magnetic fields due to the formation of solitons. We interpret these results in terms of the solitons formed at high-magnetic fields effectively acting as doped impurities. Our results point to a strongly disordered ground state with the the antiferromagnetic order localized around impurity sites.


[Note: This chapter is made up of passages that Hollis wrote at various times, apparently beginning after Mary's death in February 1957, while Hollis was still living in Pasadena, and continuing in several fragmentary passages, some of which he wrote in Norton, Massachusetts, when living with his daughter. These pen-written fragments are difficult to read because Hollis was, by then, nearly blind. The editor arranged the materials in their present sequence.]


Objectives: To introduce the primary outcome of posterior nonfusion screw-rod fixation for preserving the atlantoaxial rotary function due to fresh type Ⅱ odontoid fracture.Methods: From January 2010 to July 2011,8 cases suffering from fresh type Ⅱ odontoid fracture and unsuitable for anterior odontoid screw fixation were included in this study,of them,anterior-inferior to posterior-superior incline fracture line was noted in 5 cases,poor fracture reduction after traction in 3 cases.There were 6 males and 2 females,with an average age of 38 years(range,21-56 years).Under the general anesthesia,all 8 cases underwent C1-C2 screw-rod fixation without bony graft.When a solid bony union of the dens was confirmed by CT scan,instruments were removed,and the recovery of atlantoaxial rotation function was observed.Results: All 8 cases got an odontoid fracture reduction and a successful posterior C1-C2 screw-rods fixation,and no neurovascular injury was noted.A total of 16 3.5mm diameter screws including 13 pedicle screws and 3 partial trans-pedicle screws was placed in C1;and 16 3.5mm diameter screws including 11 pedicle screws and 5 translaminar screws were placed in C2.All cases were followed up from 12 to 24 months(average,16 months) after the first stage operation,that all patients had a solid bony fusion on radiographs and CT scans,and the cervical rotation ROM was from 35° to 55°(average,45°).After the second stage operation,the atlantoaxial rotation ROM partially recovered instantly,with the cervical rotation ROM from 50° to 70°(average 60°),and almost recovered to normal 6 to 12 months later,with the cervical ROM from 80° to 90°(average 85°) finally.Conclusions: For patients with fresh type Ⅱ odontoid fracture and unsuitable for anterior odontoid screw fixation,posterior screw-rod fixation followed by second-stage instruments removing can preserve the C1-2 rotation function.


In this communication it is desired to draw attention to certain difficulties which were encountered during the standardization of a set of weights, and to show how they were investigated and overcome. The weights were compared by the combined methods of vibration and reversal, the sensibility of the balance being determined for each particular load either immediately before or after the completion of a comparison. The usual custom of observing the pointer through a telescope was also followed. The limits of the pointer's excursions to the right and left of the resting-point (R. P.) were estimated in tenths of a scale division.


Thirteen new records of species of Andreaea, Trematodon, Campylopus and Rhabdoweisia for Rwanda viz. Zaire are published. Campylopus cerradensis Vital and Paraleucobryum longifolium (Hedw.) Loeske ssp. brasiliense (Broth.) P. Muller & J.-P. Frahm, previously only known from Brazil, are reported for Africa for the first time. Campylopus schmidii C. Mull. is reported for the first time for the African continent. Campylopus leucochlorus is regarded as synonymous with C. hildebrandtii (C. Mull.) Jaeg. Atractylocarpus capillifolius Dix. is regarded as synonymous with A. alticaulis (Broth.) Williams. Based on a different spore size, spore ornamentation and growth form as well as cultivation experiments, Antitrichia kilimandscharica Broth. is regarded as separate species and not as synonymous with A. curtipendula (Hedw.) Brid. Acrocryphaea robusta Broth. in Mildbr. is combined new to the genus Schoenobryum .


The causes to being not able to be released of air braking on metro railcar sets are analyzed and summarized. And the corresponding diagnostic method and improvement measures are put forward.


OBJECTIVE
To describe the case of a patient with gross hematuria. The pathological study revealed a subepithelial hematoma of the renal pelvis (Antopol-Goldman lesion).

METHODS/RESULTS
An 86 year-old woman presented with gross hematuria through the right ureteral orifice. A filling defect is visualized in the right renal pelvis on CT and right nephroureterectomy was carried out after the diagnosis of suspicious upper urinary tract tumor. The pathological study revealed the presence of a subepithelial hematoma without evidence of malignancy.

CONCLUSION
Antopol-Goldman lesion is a benign condition that one must have in mind in the work up of patients with hematuria and filling defects in the urinary tract who present a predisposing factor for pyelic hematoma.


The Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA) tracking camera simulator is a component of the Telescope Assembly Simulator (TASim). TASim is a software simulation of the telescope optics, mounting, and control software. Currently in its fifth major version, TASim is relied upon for telescope operator training, mission planning and rehearsal, and mission control and science instrument software development and testing. TASim has recently been extended for hardware-in-the-loop operation in support of telescope and camera hardware development and control and tracking software improvements. All three SOFIA optical tracking cameras are simulated, including the Focal Plane Imager (FPI), which has recently been upgraded to the status of a science instrument that can be used on its own or in parallel with one of the seven infrared science instruments. The simulation includes tracking camera image simulation of starfields based on the UCAC4 catalog at real-time rates of 4-20 frames per second. For its role in training and planning, it is important for the tracker image simulation to provide images with a realistic appearance and response to changes in operating parameters. For its role in tracker software improvements, it is vital to have realistic signal and noise levels and precise star positions. The design of the software simulation for precise subpixel starfield rendering (including radial distortion), realistic point-spread function as a function of focus, tilt, and collimation, and streaking due to telescope motion will be described. The calibration of the simulation for light sensitivity, dark and bias signal, and noise will also be presented


We study theoretically the sound propagation in charge- and spin-density waves in the hydrodynamic regime. First, making use of the method of comoving frame, we construct the stress tensor appropriate for quasi-one dimensional systems within tight-binding approximation. Taking into account the screening effect of the long-range Coulomb interaction, we find that the increase of the sound velocity below the critical temperature is about two orders of magnitude less for longitudinal sound than for transverse one. It is shown that only the transverse sound wave with displacement vector parallel to the chain direction couples to the phason of the density wave, therefore we expect significant electromechanical effect only in this case.


Ballard and Cream, henceforth referred to as the "noes", and Shah and Suh (the "ayes"), express differing views on the matter of prescribing atypical antipsychotics to patients with dementia. They provide new and useful information which demonstrates that the psychogeriatric community is striving conscientiously to improve the management of BPSD. Despite some strong words, the "noes" ultimately admit that "long-term treatment with neuroleptics should (only) be considered in extreme circumstances and with the informed consent of next of kin". Although this conflicts with their assertion that "there is clearly no rational reason for prescribing…(neuroleptics)," it suggests that the debate is really about defining where the threshold for prescribing neuroleptics to people with dementia should lie, rather than whether we should or shouldn't use the drugs at all. The "ayes" proffer the liberal opinion that clinicians should offer details about efficacy and side-effects to patients and carers in order that they might "weigh up carefully the risks and benefits" of treatment. It is not said in what proportion of cases with BPSD this avenue should be taken, nor is it clear how the final decision will be reached. This is too simplistic a solution. We cannot deal with this issue just by passing the buck to the patient and carer.


On the basis of the documental evidence presented in the Appendix, the author asserts the fact that the poet Jordi de Sant Jordi died in Barcelona –probably in the Royal Palace– between the 12th and the 15th of june 1424.


Nephrotic Syndrome is one of the most common forms of renal disease in the paediatric population. Nephrotic syndrome is defined as a pentad of proteinuria (nephrotic range), hypoalbuminemia (serum albumin < 2.5gm/dl), edema , hyperlipidemia (serum cholesterol > 200mg/dl) and increased lipiduria. Although not commonly thought of as part of the syndrome, hypertension, hematuria, and azotemia may be present.


This paper presents processes for producing uniform single phase polycrystalline films of Cu(InGa)Se2 and CdTe and the analysis of the resulting films and solar cell devices. The first two sections discuss Cu(InGa)Se2 cells prepared by the selenization of Cu‐In‐Ga films and of elemental evaporation. The third section describes a CdCl2 vapor treatment of CdTe that results in uniform large grain films with reduced S diffusion and reproducible performance.


: A transformer is a static device that is mainly used for stepping up and down the voltage level. The Power transformer is a kind of transformer that is used to transfer electrical energy in any part of the electrical circuit between the generator and the distribution primary circuits. These transformers area unit employed in distribution systems to interface intensify and step down voltages. The transformer is important in transmission and distribution hence their testing is also essentially equal. The cost of a high voltage transformer is too high and also unavoidable equipment in that domain, hence it has to be designed properly before implementation in real-time. Simulating the transformer with the designed parameters will give the same results as in the real model. So it is easy for analyzing the EF distribution and calculating the losses and that can be easily avoided while implementing in real-time. The simulation of a three-phase 11/0.4 KV power transformer using the Finite Element Method is carried out in this project.