Acetaminophen (APAP) toxicity is the number one cause of acute liver failure, and treatment options are limited. The initial toxicity is caused by the bio‐activation of the drug to the reactive metabolite, N‐acetyl‐p‐benzoquinone imine (NAPQI). However, progression of injury still occurs even after all of the drug has been eliminated from the body. APAP overdose involves sterile inflammation. Lipocalin‐2 is an innate immune protein that is known to be up‐regulated in various disease models and has been observed to have a protective as well as destructive role dependent on the model analyzed. Studies have shown that Lcn2 acts as an anti‐inflammatory modulator in low doses of toxicity, when pro‐mitogenic signaling is activated. In contrast, these repair and regeneration pathways are shown to be inhibited in a high dose model of toxicity, which ultimately leads to acute liver failure. The role of Lcn2 in a high dose model of toxicity has not yet been investigated. This study aims to investigate the role of Lcn2 in drug induced acute liver failure (APAP overdose) model and the mechanism of its involvement. An in vivo model of acute liver failure will be utilized and Lcn2−/− mice will be used as our intervention. We hypothesize that Lcn2−/− mice will be protected from APAP induced acute liver failure. Time course studies will be done over a period of 0–96 hours post APAP overdose. Liver and serum will be harvested at each time point and extent of injury will be assessed via ALT/AST assays and H&E staining. Bio‐activation studies will be done to determine any differences in the metabolism of the drug between the treatment groups, which include protein adduct formation and glutathione depletion and replenishment. Pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory cytokines will be measured to elucidate the role of Lcn2 in mediating progression of injury. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (Pcna) staining will be done as a marker of liver regeneration. Our preliminary data demonstrate 20% lethality in Lcn2−/− mice and 60% lethality in WT mice subjected to APAP overdose. In conclusion, the protection of Lcn2−/− mice from APAP overdose indicates that Lcn2 may play a role in mediating progression of injury. Further experiments will be done to elucidate the mechanism of action.


Comparison challenge approach is proposed as a form of challenger-activated, just-in-time Internet advertising. To develop a framework for a comparison challenge, we propose a theory of comparison value. A comparison Is regarded valuable if a comparison opportunity is available and if the comparison is relevant and informative, has an appropriate level of detail, and Is advantageous and trustworthy. Based on this theory, the CompareMe and Compare Them strategies are devised, and comparable objects are classified in terms of Price and performance dominance as well as the scope of proximity. The Idea is demonstrated with a comparison of PCs from five leading manufacturers.
To assist in the planning of the comparison challenge, a mathematical programming model was formulated to maximize the value of comparison under the constraints of the comparison opportunity and budget. The model is applied to eight scenarios in terms of the range of comparing objects. The models under various scenarios are tested and contrasted with the real-world example of PCs. We found the ad effect of comparison challenge to be substantially better than banners (4.75 times) and similarity-based comparisons (2.77 times), providing customers with better performance and reduced prices.


An embodiment of the thermal diffusion leads and a plurality of thermal conductive thermal heat exchanger having a heat diffusion leads to optimize the thermal interface resistance between the device components and methods of manufacturing are disclosed. In one embodiment, the thermal heat exchanger component includes a plurality of thermoelectric device attached to the circuit board and the circuit board. At least two of the height of the thermoelectric device, for example, due to tolerances in the manufacturing process of the thermoelectric device are different from each other. Thermoelectric heat exchange component also includes a thermal interface material between the heat spreading device with a lead, and the electrothermal heat diffusion leads at the top of the thermoelectric device. Orientation of the thermal diffusion leads (i.e., tilt) is such that the thickness and thus the thermal interface resistance of the thermal interface material optimized for thermal transfer device.


Recent applications in terahertz imaging, spectroscopy, and communications have been driving the need to increase the operation frequency of field-effect transistors (FETs). However, beyond their cutoff, FETs where recently shown to operate as a second-order rectifier. Despite the developments in this field, the physical models for this phenomenon are mostly ideal and limited in their scope. This has limited the design of transistors, due to the lack of enough insight into the contribution of the different elements of a realistic device. This work develops a physics-based spice compact model of the FET capable of extracting the traditional DC and AC outputs, as well as the second-order rectification (SOR) response, that is valid in all regions of transistor operation. This model is used to study the development of the SOR response within the channel and its boundaries. Unlike other models of this device, the authors' model shows the evidence that the channel of the transistor does not contribute to the rectified output. Instead, the boundary conditions and elements are the source of the SOR response. These results have a high implication on the design of FETs operating beyond their cutoff frequency.


A [13C]‐dextromethorphan ([13C]‐DM) breath test was evaluated to assess its feasibility as a rapid, phenotyping assay for CYP2D6 activity. [13C]‐DM (0.5 mg/kg) was administered orally with water or potassium bicarbonate‐sodium bicarbonate to 30 adult Caucasian volunteers (n = 1 each): CYP2D6 poor metabolizers (2 null alleles; PM‐0) and extensive metabolizers with 1 (EM‐1) or 2 functional alleles (EM‐2). CYP2D6 phenotype was determined by 13CO2 enrichment measured by infrared spectrometry (delta‐over‐baseline [DOB] value) in expired breath samples collected before and up to 240 minutes after [13C]‐DM ingestion and by 4‐hour urinary metabolite ratio. The PM‐0 group was readily distinguishable from either EM group by both the breath test and urinary metabolite ratio. Using a single point determination of phenotype at 40 minutes and defining PMs as subjects with a DOB ≤0.5, the sensitivity of the method was 100%; specificity was 95% with 95% accuracy and resulted in the misclassification of 1 EM‐1 individual as a PM. Modification of the initial protocol (timing of potassium bicarbonate‐sodium bicarbonate administration relative to dose) yielded comparable results, but there was a tendency toward increased DOB values. Although further development is required, these studies suggest that the [13C]‐DM breath test offers promise as a rapid, minimally invasive phenotyping assay for CYP2D6 activity.


Objective: This study aimed to present a case of a successful re-implantation of an amputated auricle following a human bite using the Baudet technique. Methods: Case report and review of the literature. Results: The patient had a very satisfactory postoperative result in terms of appearance and function of the reattached auricle. Cartilage loss was minimal. Conclusion: Reattachment of an amputated auricle as a composite graft following a traumatic human bite is feasible. The Baudet technique is a simple alternative that avoids the complexity of microsurgical anastomosis while improving upon the high failure rate associated with simple reattachment.


Abstract : The incidence of past and present ear, nose, and throat diseases derived from comprehensive evaluation of 400 space and test pilot candidates is reported. Comparisons are made between several items of past medical history, findings from physical examinations, and results of specialized examinations. The data presented provide useful information in the medical selection of space pilot candidates and an opportunity to study the results of longitudinal aeromedical screening. Additionally, the possible relationship between asymptomatic ear, nose and throat diseases in flying personnel and such factors as age, flying time, history, and results from examinations is discussed. (Author)


This paper contains an attempt to evaluate the relation of democracy and media education from the perspective of contemporary political, information and communication situation. Modern examples of election campaigns illustrate the media technologies that are used by the elite in relation to the audience who are illiterate in the field of media. The article brings about the issues of compliance of the declared postulates of media education with real media practice in the first quarter of the XXI century. The concept of "media education policy" is introduced into scientific discourse, and the features of its implementation are considered.


The effective separation and utilization of high value-added unsaturated fatty acid methyl esters from model bio-oils could make full use of the biomass resources and greatly improve the economic feasibility of bio-fuels. Selective separation of unsaturated fatty acid methyl esters was performed by liquid–liquid extraction, using ionic liquids (ILs) as extractants in the presence of cosolvent. The results showed that the mixture of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide ([EMIm][N(CN)2]) and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) demonstrated excellent separation selectivity, reaching up to an outstanding value of 11.7, when the mole ratio of [EMIm][N(CN)2] to DMF was 1:9, at least twice the value (5.6) using DMF as the extractant. In addition, the effects of the structure, the mole fraction of ILs, the feedstock concentration and temperature, on extraction equilibrium were studied. By calculating the fractional extraction, the feasibility of liquid–liquid extraction for practical application was confirmed.


Roger Chartier, The Cultural Origins of the French Revolution (translated by Lydia G. Cochrane), Durham NC and London, Duke University Press, 1991; xix + 238 pp.; £33.20 hardback, £6.95 paperback. David G. Troyansky et al., eds, The French Revolution in Culture and Society, Westport CT and London, Greenwood Press, 1991; xvii + 221 pp.; £35.95. Bernadette Fort, ed., Fictions of the French Revolution, Evanston IL, Northwestern University Press, 1991; viii + 209 pp.; US $34.95 hardback, US $14.95 paperback.


A new method using a Green's function in the interior region of a conducting scatterer is proposed to obtain a mutual admittance matrix in an exterior moment method analysis. A numerical example of a two-dimensional magnetic strip source located on an exterior surface of a perfectly conducting rectangular cylinder shows the validity of the method.


Hydrogenation properties were investigated on the effect of Ti-based catalysis TiF4, TiO2 and TiH2 on MgH2. All these additives significantly improved the dehydrogenation performances of MgH2 but among them TiF4 shows best catalytic effect followed by TiO2 and TiH2 sequentially. Activation energy of dehydrogenation was calculated by using Kissinger's equation. By adding Ti based additives activation energy is reduced to various degrees. Best result obtained for the MgH2+10 wt% TiF4. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and XPS studies showed the formation of different active species due to the catalytic effects on hydrogenation/dehydrogenation kinetics.Hydrogenation properties were investigated on the effect of Ti-based catalysis TiF4, TiO2 and TiH2 on MgH2. All these additives significantly improved the dehydrogenation performances of MgH2 but among them TiF4 shows best catalytic effect followed by TiO2 and TiH2 sequentially. Activation energy of dehydrogenation was calculated by using Kissinger's equation. By adding Ti based additives activation energy is reduced to various degrees. Best result obtained for the MgH2+10 wt% TiF4. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and XPS studies showed the formation of different active species due to the catalytic effects on hydrogenation/dehydrogenation kinetics.


The present study investigated the relation between friends ' trustworthiness and 9 to 12-year-old children's trust as well as the moderating effect of the age on this relationship.361 elementary school children aged 9 to 12 participated the study.Children's trust and their friends'trustworthiness were assessed by peer evaluation and nomination methods.The results showed that friends'trustworthiness could significantly predict children's trust.Age played as a moderator on the relation between friends'trustworthiness and children 's trust:with increased age,the friends'trustworthiness can predict children's trust more positively.


: In this paper we are using new technology of energy meter reading collection. In past energy meter reading collection use many method, but this method is same loss is occurs. In this paper we are use RF module for wireless energy meter reading collection system. In this case use RF base transmitter which is present at each and every consumer location. This transmitter calculates consumption of customer and send to receiver with the help of RF module. Another side of this system is RF base receiver. RF base receiver is single device. RF base receiver collect all RF base energy meter reading at less time. After RF base receiver is connect to PC using max 232 ports and stored all data in PC. After bill process is completed. Today quantity of customer is continuous increases. So meter reading collection of this all customer is very typical. Using this RF base energy meter reading it is very simple to collect meter reading.


(1) You can refer to Interest Rate Models: Vasicek (by Peter Carr Bloomberg LP and Courant Institute, NYU, Based on Notes by Robert Kohn, Courant Institute, NYU), which offers the derivation of pricing bond by using the Vasicek model. Another paper, A Comparative Study of the Vasicek and the CIR Model of the Short Rate (by S. Zeytun and A. Gupta) discusses the comparative study of the Vasicek and the CIR Model of the Short Rate. They make the conclusion that a high sigma in the Vasicek model could result in negative interest rates which is not observable in reality. (2) Market risk is the risk of losses in positions arising from movements in market prices. The market price of the market risk means the risk premium of losses in our position arising from movements in market prices. Since the value of our position is related to (w1, w2), the risk premium of our position is related to (w1, w2). (3) We thank you for your kind suggestions in remark (3) and (4).


Normally, 'we seem to have a measure of control over our thinking. We often attend to things just by wanting to do so, and attend away as well when it suits us. The luxury of mental control is frequently lost, however, when we encounter everyday stresses. Small stresses occupy our minds with worry and distract us from the things we would like to think about; large stresses wrest our attention away repeatedly, sometimes chronically, and leave us wondering if we can control our minds at all. This chapter is concerned with the nature of mental control, the effect of stress upon it, and the tactics that may be useful in regaining mental control in the face of stress.


A high-pressure discharge lamp having a hydrogen getter in the lamp vessel disposed in a metal envelope which is hydrogen-permeable. The hydrogen-permeable metal of the envelope is covered with a porous halogen-resistant layer. The atoms of the metal halides dissociated in the discharge can recombine at the porous layer so that blackening of the discharge vessel is mitigated.


It is difficult to overstate the automobile's impact on the modern world. Yet each year, harrowing statistics remind drivers that this incredible advancement has not come without risks; 32,885 deaths resulted from car accidents in the United States in 2010 (2,700 of those occurring in California), and car accidents remain the number one cause of death for people ages five to thirty-four. These accidents and their devastating effects are so common that eliminating them seems hardly possible; yet proponents of a new technology contend that possibility is quickly becoming reality. This technology, formally known as "autonomous driving technology," allows a vehicle to operate completely on its own without any manual assistance from a human. The self-driving car, as one designer describes it, "never gets distracted, never gets drunk, . . . [and] always does the right thing." While the concept may sound outlandish, something we would expect to see only in a rerun of The Jetsons, the technology is very real


TMasculinity is a category that traditionally socializes in men, strength, protection and supply, symbolically endowing them with superiority over other gender representations; However, there are men who identify with different practices, meanings, and bodies than the hegemonic model that enhances heteronormativity. This article explores the social dynamics of masculinity, its relationship with hegemony and emerging models that are committed to a more affective experience for men, from which traditional masculinity is deconstructed to make way for emerging masculinities. Palabras clave: masculinity, hegemony, affectivity and emergence.


Values are important in human and public life but their concept and significance are understood and interpreted differently, as this greatly depends on the methodological approach. The purpose of the article is to highlight the multidimensionality of the concept of value and its significance to the individual and state policy. To achieve this goal, theoretical analysis is integrated with the results of a study conducted in 2016. It appears that although each informant interprets the content of values individually, they are undoubtedly important in personal life and state policy. They can be given different degrees of weight, idiosyncratic interpretations and levels of significance for human life and state policy, but nonetheless, the moral basis of their evaluation is the reliability of virtue ethics. Thus, values and virtues are closely interrelated and the human and state policy navigation systems should be developed on the basis of virtues and closely related values.


ABSTRACT This brief article addresses the question of whether the Individuals with Disabilities Act or Section 504 and its sister statute, the Americans with Disabilities Act, provides for the liability of special educators and other public school personnel for money damages. The analysis synthesizes the applicable case law under these federal disability laws not only directly but also in connection with the added avenue of liability under Section 1983, and discusses the practical implications of the almost entirely "No" answer to this focal question.


PURPOSE: An ethylene-based terpolymer is provided to have excellent elasticity and excellent mechanical strength, thereby capable of being applied to material of various components requiring elasticity. CONSTITUTION: An ethylene-based terpolymer comprises 55-96.9 mole% of ethylene unit, 3-40 mole% of C4-12 α-olefin unit, 0.1-5 mole% of a functional unit of one or more selected from a group consisting of styrene-based monomers. The weight average molecular weight of the ethylene-based terpolymer is 50,000-300,000 and the glass trasition temperature is (-20)-(-60) °C. The ethylene-based terpolymer is manufactured through a polymerization which uses an 1,2,4-trimethylcyclopentadienyl 2,6-isopropylarloxo titanium dichloride catalyst. The distribution of a molecular weight of the copolymer is 1-3.5 and Tan δ is 0.1-0.5.


Glycolysis is the primary step for major energy production in the cell. There is strong evidence suggesting that glucose consumption and rate of glycolysis are highly modulated by cytosolic pH/[H (cid:2) ], but those can also be stimulated by an increase in the intracellular [HCO 3 (cid:3) ]. Because proton and bicarbonate shift concomitantly, it remained unclear whether enhanced glucose consumption and glycolytic rate were mediated by the changes inintracellular[H (cid:2) ]or[HCO 3 (cid:3) ].Wehaveaskedwhetherglucose metabolism is enhanced by either a fall in intracellular [H (cid:2) ] or a rise in intracellular [HCO 3 (cid:3) ], or by both, in mammalian astrocytes. We have recorded intracellular glucose in mouse astrocytes using a FRET-based nanosensor, while imposing different intracellular [H (cid:2) ] and [CO 2 ]/[HCO 3 (cid:3) ]. Glucose consumption and glycolytic rate were augmented by a fall in intracellular [H (cid:2) ], irrespective of a concomitant rise or fall in intracellular [HCO 3 (cid:3) ]. Transport of HCO 3 (cid:3)


This research aims to build the imagination of tourists through travel experiences in the cultural heritage tourism area. The author analyzes the imagination gained by tourists using seven factors: lodging and dining facilities, internal accessibility, nearby attractions, external accessibility, safety and emergency systems, on-site attractions and the provision of information services. Data collection by observation, interview, FGD, documentation, and literature study through descriptive qualitative data analysis. The results showed that the myth of the bathing pool was the most dominant in building the imagination of tourists and became the main reason for tourists visiting Tamansari. Generally, tourists can imagine the myths conveyed by tour guides and tend to portray Tamansari as a beautiful place in the past. Travel experiences gained by tourists during a tour in Tamansari are myths, history, and activities at the location. The most dominant factors that build the imagination of tourists through travel experience are (1) external accessibility (2) attraction factors in places where myths (3) nearby attractions


Argon and Nitrogen in their gaseous state are used to provide an inert environment either during probing electronic materials and devices or processing such devices. Although these gases are relatively inert with bulk materials, the gases, however, can interact with different surfaces and influence device physics and surface chemistry. Graphene, a monolayer 2D material, can be influenced by these gases, especially in carbon vacancy and Stone Wales (SW) point defects, which are inherently present in graphene due to growth or synthesis challenges. In this work, we have explored the interaction of graphene with argon and nitrogen in the presence of carbon vacancy and SW point defects based on Density Functional Theory (DFT) and Non-Equilibrium Greens Function (NEGF) computational methods using the QuantumATK simulation tool. We have investigated that, although nitrogen and argon are inert to pristine graphene, the gases enhance their orbitals overlap with graphene in the presence of these defects. Fundamental properties of graphene which drive corresponding device behavior, like band structure, trap states, and fermi energy level, are perturbed by this enhanced interaction. NEGF study reveals that channel current in graphene devices can be degraded due to the influence of these gases in the presence of carbon vacancy and SW defects.


This document is the first deliverable of work package three – Modelling and Design. It covers white papers that have been produced and peer-reviewed by the M-Zones partners by the end of July 2003. Purpose of this document is to provide a holistic view of accomplished work regarding the modelling and design of management concepts/systems for smart spaces and to evaluate the research quality of this work. The methodology for the quality assurance is defined in a quality document developed by all partners for the work packages two, three and four.


The article is devoted to theoretical analysis and experimental modeling of permanent magnet movement above the non-ferromagnetic conductive track. Magnet velocity is considered steady. The theoretical analysis is based on the secondary sources method. This approach requires a numeric system for solving the integro-differential equation with respect to the secondary sources density that is induced in volume and at surface of the track. Among these sources, there are eddy currents and electrical charges. Experimental verification of the calculations was carried out with the model, which is represented by an aluminum cylinder rotating in the field of permanent magnet. Comparison of magnet-track interaction force characteristics obtained with theoretical and experimental methods shows a satisfactorily coincidence. The developed mathematical model can be used for electrodynamic suspended Maglev systems analysis.


Parametric curves and surfaces have b e en with us for a long time, and their use for object mode ling in Computer Graphics (as opposed to designing in CAD a pplica tions ) is still growing. There is sometimes. however, a r elucta nce t o use them because i t seems that the added power they give is more than otIse t by the complexity of their formulations and their computat.ions. The purpose of this paper is to make cleare r their meanings and uses, and show how much t h ey have in common behind the diversity of their formulations. The motiva tions, properties and references for the Hermite, Coons, Bezier, B-spline and {1-spline curves or surface s are given. The computation and display methods common in a standard graphics system are discussed (computations of points. geome tric transformations, display algorithms). The examples and illustrations a r e given for the curves and surfaces in their cubic form. Graphic. Interface '82


Summary form only given. .We provide evidence of the effect that a continuously varying piezoelectric field has on the emission of InGaN/GaN quantum wells (QWs). To isolate the effect of the piezoelectric field we performed CW and time dependent photoluminescence (PL) measurements in InGaN/GaN QWs with different Si doping in the barrier as a function of hydrostatic pressure.


Numerous hydrogenated molecules observed in comets and the interstellar medium present nuclear spin isomers. The non-thermal ortho : para ratios measured in space are believed to be of high diagnostic value, allowing remote measurement of physical conditions prevailing in the past, such as the initial temperature associated with a molecular formation or condensation. The lack of laboratory studies on interactions at the gas-solid interface limits our current interpretation of observations. Recent progress in nuclear spin conversion (NSC) dynamics are discussed in this paper. Results on water and methane in cryogenic matrices illustrate the conversion mechanisms within the condensed phase at very low temperatures. NSC of molecular hydrogen at the surface of 10 K Amorphous Solid Water (ASW) shows surface mediated conversion processes for molecular hydrogen. NSC involving molecular ices are discussed in the light of few recent studies, including UV photodesorption investigations.


It is argued that such animations should gradually facilitate students' comprehension in stages before they could construct complete mental model of the concepts being explained. Subjects were randomly assigned to an experimental group (N=45) and a control group (N=40). The experimental group received lessons through teacher's explanation using systematic step-by-step animation whilst the control group received lessons primarily based on teacher's explanation using prepared transparencies. The pre-test and post-test analyses revealed that students in the experimental group demonstrated better conceptual understanding compared to those in the control group, thus showing evidence of their stronger conceptual understanding in comparison to the students in the control group.


OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the basic safety and feasibility of hospital care at home (Home Hospital (HH)) for treating acutely ill older persons requiring hospitalization.


Abstract: Prophetic Literature learning as a Medium to Develop Student Character. Recently, the character education mainstreaming has been boosted in the national education development. Substantially, the concept of character education is included in the formulation of the national education goals. Therefore, one important aspect in the context of character education is the collective consciousness of all parties involved in the activity. One attempt to develop character is through literature learning, including prophetic literature. Prophetic literature learning can provide joy of life and balance between thoughts and feelings. In such a way, students' dignity is respected and they become whole human beings who possess knowledge, skills, good heart, and sensitivity. Keywords: education goals, literature learning, character building


Amaryllidaceae alkaloids have been isolated from the bulbs of Crinum ornatum and Crinum natans and studied by a combination of mass spectral techniques including EI, CI, FD and GLC/EI mass spectrometry. In addition to the abundant lycorine present in both species three new alkaloids have been obtained in crystalline form from C. ornatum and one new crystalline alkaloid from C. natans. Several other new alkaloids were also shown to be present by GLC/MS and FD/MS. Tentative structures are proposed for the new alkaloids from C. ornatum based on mass and NMR spectral evidence.


The cryoprotective effects of distilled water,4 g/dL trehalose,4 g/dL trehalose+0.4 g/dL sodium polyphosphate,and 4 g/dL trehalose+0.4 g/dL sodium polyphosphate+0.05 g/dL e-polylysine in puffer fish(Takifugu obscures) were studied during storage at-18 ℃and-25 ℃ for up to 180 d using pH value,total volatile basic nitrogen(TVB-N),salt-extractable protein content and sulfhydryl(SH) content as indicators.The results showed the addition of trehalose and sodium polyphosphate could retard the protein denaturation of frozen puffer fish.This effect was better than that of cryoprotectant only included of trehalose,and the effect of distilled water was the worst.The antifreeze effect of e-polylysine,trehalose and sodium polyphosphate compound produces at-25 ℃ was better than that at-18 ℃,which could restrain the protein denaturation and decomposition,and then improve the quality of frozen puffer fish.


Simplified equations and constants, based on laminar and turbulent flow theory between parallel plates, estimate windage loss in rotating electrical machinery. Comparison of calculated results and experimental data for smooth cylindrical rotor and slotted alternator yields 7 percent maximum variation between calculated and experimental data.


In this era of climatic changes, heavy wind damages to buildings and structures have become a major issue. Impacts of such disasters can be reduced by a rapid but accurate identification of damaged location and faster reconstruction. In this paper, automatic roof-damaged building identification as well as the damaged area pattern recognition is carried out from aerial images using a novel technique, texture-wavelet analysis. Initially, wavelet features extraction, followed by feature selection using a decision tree algorithm and Support Vector Machine (SVM) classification is performed for roof-damaged building identification. After separating the damaged buildings from the non-damaged ones, the pattern of the roof-damaged area is attained using texture-wavelet analysis and finally percentage area of damaged roof is measured. Comparison is done with the conventional feature extraction methods. The validation is performed with the manually obtained data as well as the field survey information.


Values play an important role in any culture, shaping attitudes and aspirations, and supporting economic activities. They are widely acknowledged to be defining elements of business culture for managers and workers alike, despite difficulties in tracing the exact linkages they have with behaviors and events (Connor and Becker 1994). They impact individuals' ability to make critical adjustments under conditions of accelerating technological change and unprecedented expansion of information transfer (Rothschild 1992). They also are thought to affect how well technological changes and economic activity are integrated with dominant social-political structures, helping to make public policy harmonious with frames of reference individuals hold, and lending meaning to appeals for courses of action (Buchholtz 1986).


The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, headed by King Hussein, has proven itself to be a leader in the recent Middle East peace negotiations. Since the end of the Gulf War, Jordan has diligently tried to regain its previous status with the United States Department of State and the White House. The conscious decision to side with Iraq was a carefully administered plan to reconcile past legitimacy problems and maintain a sense of balance in the Middle East while weathering a global conflict. Considering the dynamics of the Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO) and its gains in autonomy, the region in general, and Jordan in specific will predictably see new circumstances. These situations will require a more liberal and modern version of government. Although there is a large Palestinian population, stability is dependent on King Hussein's ability to extend his legitimacy beyond personal ties to include a structural base.


This paper presents an adaptive energy management strategy for fuel cell/battery/ supercapacitor hybrid energy storage systems of electric vehicles. The strategy consists of a game theory controller for power distribution and an neural network model for driving pattern recognition. First, the power distribution problem is formulated as a non-cooperative game in which the strategy decides how much power to deliver over each power source to maximize individual benefit. The utility function considered here is to minimize the difference between the actual power demand supplied by each power source and its optimal power demand, which is obtained using a particle swarm optimization algorithm. However, the optimized results for a given driving cycle cannot cover various driving cycles. To cope with this problem, adaptive utility function concept, which is realized based on driving pattern recognition, is further proposed to guarantee the optimum performance from the presented game theory controller. Finally, computer simulation has been conducted to validate the proposed strategy. Compared with the conventional game theory strategy without prediction, simulation results demonstrate that the consistency of the Nash equilibrium under different driving scenarios can be guaranteed using the proposed adaptive strategy.


Fundament : Colon-rectal cancer is one of the most frequent neoplams in eastern countries and it is the second most frequent type of cancer just behind cancer of the lungs and of the breast respectively. In spite of the advances in the last few years in regards to treatment, colon cancer is the most frequent cause of death due to cancer. Objective : To know morbimortality due to cancer of the colon after both, surgery and oncological treatment. Method : Descriptive - retrospective sdtudy carried out at the Military hospital ¨Dr. Octavio de la Concepcion y de la Pedraja¨ from Camaguey Province from January 1999 to January 2004.The sample was composed by 20 patients operated of well differentiated adenocarcinoma of the colon. The variables under study were: Age, Sex, place, anatomical localization of the tumor, anatomoclinical stage according to Dukes classification, evidencies of far metastases, type of surgery type of oncologic treatment. Results : There was a predominance of males (55%) aged more than 45 years old. 55% of the tumors were located in the sigmoid colon. There was a resect of the tumor in 16 cases and only 2 have died due to the disease . Chemotherapy with 5 fluoruracile was applied to 9 patients, with good results.


It is very appropriate that this first issue of the first volume of the Onati Socio-Legal Series should be devoted to the best of the Master´s theses produced in 2010 (those graded eximia or magna cum laude). These research papers demonstrate much of what is best about the Onati Institute´s wide range of activities.The Institute is now well known worldwide, as well as being firmly rooted in the Basque Country. It welcomes researchers and scholars for short and long stays: as visiting researchers, from doctoral students to emeritus professors; as participants in the workshops held weekly from April to July on many topics organised by leading researchers from all over the world; and as teachers in the Master´s programmes. They come to use the excellent facilities: the Library, the Old University, the Residence; to debate and interact, think and write, while enjoying the pleasures of Basque cuisine and culture and the beautiful location.


The purpose of this research lays on examining the adequacy of the hybrid ventilation system. The hybrid ventilation system must satisfy the next to be used. Firstly, the cold-draft phenomenon must not exist in the occupied zone. Secondly, the condensation must not happen on the surfaces of vents. Thirdly, the flow of make-up air must be happened in an each space by exhausted air of a rest room and living room. We used an examination and CFD method to verify these. Trough the examination of air-vents, We confirmed that the cold-draft to be induced by make-up air does not happen and could not find the condensation in the limits of outdoor temperature higher than 265K. Through CFD simulation, We confirmed that the rapid temperature change existed only within 0.5m the occupied zone and the flow of air was happened in an each space by only exhausted air in the rest room and living room. Consequently, the hybrid system is possible method to an apartment house.


The mammalian acrosome reaction (AR) is the fusion, at multiple points, of the outer acrosomal membrane with the overlying plasma membrane. This fusion causes the release of acrosomal contents and the exposure of the inner acrosomal membrane. The time taken for this process to occur is not accurately known. Estimates for AR in mouse spermatozoa vary from ;2 minutes after stimulation with solubilized zona to 130 minutes with intact zona (Lee and Storey, 1989; Rockwell and Storey, 2000). In the human, latencies of 15–60 minutes have been observed with intact zona (Morales et al, 1994). Fusion of the plasma and outer acrosomal membranes in the human appears to progress in a different way from that of the rodent and other mammals, but the final result is the same (Nagae et al, 1986; Yanagimachi, 1994). Release of acrosomal enzymes (including hyaluronidase and acrosin), combined with vigorous sperm motility, has been postulated to enable sperm penetration through the zona, allowing binding of the sperm to the oolemma, the egg plasma membrane (Talbot, 1985). It should be noted that experiments with mouse genetic knockouts have shown that zona penetration and fertilization can still occur in the absence of acrosin (Baba et al, 1994). Receptors revealed on the surface of the spermatozoon (after the vesicle and outer acrosomal membrane have been shed) are important in oolemma binding. After binding, the sperm


The new compound CaPtGa 2 crystallizes in a MgCuAl 2 type structure, orthorhombic system, space group Cmcm (No. 63) with the lattice constants: a=425,8(1), b=1025,1(2), c=698,8(1) pm


This study presents a method of adaptive system control based on genetic algorithms. The method consists of a population of controllers evolving towards an optimum controller through the use of probabilistic genetic operators. A brief overview of genetic algorithms is first given. The remainder of the paper identifies the problems associated with genetic algorithm controllers, and addresses the key issue of stability. A theoretical analysis of the proposed genetic algorithm controller shows that the population converges to stable controllers under fitness-proportionate selection pressure. The minimization of the effects of instability is also discussed.


OBJECTIVE
It was suggested that coronary stent design and coating may affect stent performance and hence induce varying degrees of thrombogenesis and neointimal hyperplasia. The purpose of this study is to compare the 6-month follow-up results between old and new Multilink stents with the method of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) imaging.

METHODS
We have performed old (n = 40) and new (n = 35) Multilink stent implantations on 75 patients with coronary artery disease. Coronary angiography was performed before, immediately after, and 6 months after the in-stent procedure respectively. Six-month follow-up IVUS imaging was performed and analyzed off-line.

RESULTS
Minimal lumen cross sectional area (CSA) of new Multilink stents was significantly larger than that of old Multilink stents (P = 0.0053). Mean stent lumen area of new Multilink stents was significantly larger than that of old Multilink stents (P = 0.040). Similarly, minimal lumen diameter (MLD) of new Multilink stents was larger than that of old Multilink stents (P = 0.011). Old Multilink stents had a higher percentage of plaque area than new Multilink stents.

CONCLUSION
The new Multilink stent is obviously superior to old Multilink stents, in particular, in the stent MLD and lumen CSA--major determinants of the restenosis.


Self-discipline means learning to control and adjust oneself.Self-discipline is a social requirement and is an important content of the traditional Chinese ways of moral cultivation of a person.College students' self-discipline is the requirement of his accomplishment and development.Contemporary college students should deal with the relation between self-discipline and freedom properly and pay more attention to self-discipline in love and learning.


Abstract Research results concerning nutrition of the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii and applicability to the production of feed for intensive culture are presented. Future research approaches are recommended and comparisons to the nutrition of penaeid shrimp species are provided. Quantitative requirements of essential amino acids for M. rosenbergii are undefined; however, arginine, methionine, and lysine are suspected as being the first limiting amino acids in commercially formulated feeds. The proportion of each essential amino acid in the tissue of shrimp provides a good guideline for the determination of dietary requirements. Optimal dietary protein: energy ratios in shrimp feeds appear to be dependent on the ability to digest carbohydrates. The digestibility of potential protein sources in commercial feeds needs to be evaluated through in vitro studies using natural enzyme extracts. Levels of lipids in freshwater prawn diets can be as low as 2% if sufficient dietary energy is available an...


The present work was devoted to the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) investigation of the principal core levels of a Fe2O3-TiO2 system. The sample was synthesized on a glass substrate at 430 °C in N2/O2 atmospheres by low-pressure metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) co-evaporating the precursors titanium(IV)isopropoxide [Ti(OiPr)4] and bis-(methylcyclopentadienyl)Fe(II) [Fe(MeCp)2] through independent sources. Beside the wide scan spectrum, detailed spectra for O 1s, Fe 2p and Ti 2p regions and related data are presented and discussed. XPS analysis revealed the presence of iron(III) and titanium(IV) oxides as the main phases, with a possible Fe2O3 segregation on the specimen surface.


This book distinguishes itself in two major ways: (1) its emphasis on teamwork and leadership skills, and (2) its integration of ethics and multicultural diversity throughout all discussion of small group communication. This book meets current market needs because of the recent attention given teams in business and industry, the increasingly diverse nature of colleges and organizations, and growing awareness that colleges should be challenging students to examine their own leadership competence and understand the ethical and social implications of the groups in which they participate.


The utility model provides a USB digital signature device, which comprises: a USB interface for connecting an external user equipment; and a smart cart for checking the user equipment; and the device is characterized in that: the device also includes: a keyboard, which is arranged in the USB digital signature device and is connected to a controller for transmitting a key input about a check request received from a user to the smart cart; and the controller, which is connected with the keyboard, the USB interface and the smart cart, and controls the operations of the keyboard, the USB interface and the smart cart as well as the transmitting of data streams between the former parts. The utility model improves the safety of the USB digital signature device.


Hypothesis / aims of study Pelvic radiotherapy for the treatment of tumours located in the pelvis is not free of the risk of secondary irradiation of the bladder, producing a certain histological changes and it can result in both acute and chronic bladder injuries. Of these, the most evident and studied is radiation-induced hemorrhagic cystitis, although other urinary symptoms like frequency, urgency, incontinence, dysuria or pelvic pain has been described. Therefore, the objective of our paper is to evaluate the clinical utility of bladder instillation of hyaluronic acid in patients with a history of pelvic radiation therapy and storage symptoms with failure of previous treatment with anticholinergic


Objective: We evaluated the therapeutic potential of brain glycogen synthase (Gys1) inhibition using antisense oligonucleotides (ASO) to knockdown Gys1 in the Lafora disease (LD) mouse models. Background: LD is autosomal recessive, progressive myoclonus epilepsy caused by mutations in the EPM2A (laforin) or NHLRC1 (malin) genes. The onset is in teenagers followed by rapid decline and death within 10 years. LD is characterized by increased glycogen levels due to accumulation of Lafora bodies (LB), poorly branched and insoluble glycogen in different tissues. LD mouse models exhibit similar pathologies including LBs, and neurodegeneration. By knocking out Gys1 in LD mouse, there is no LB formation, glycogen levels are significantly decreased and neurodegeneration is prevented. Design/Methods: ASOs against Gys1 were used to treat LD mice from 1–3 months to study if LD can be prevented and 8–14 months to detect possible disease reversal. LD mice have no brain LBs at 1 month, but have a significant LB load at 3 months that increases over time and leads to elevated glycogen levels. Results: Based on our data no LBs were detected in young ASO treated animals and the glycogen levels were reduced to the level of normal animals compared to controls. Older mice showed LB and glycogen levels below the levels at 8 mo indicating that ASO treatment leads to clearance of brain LBs and thus decreased glycogen levels. In addition, Gys1 mRNA and protein levels were significantly reduced in treated mice. Conclusions: Our data clearly shows that LB formation can be prevented and phenotype is rescued. In addition, LD can be reversed in older animals and accumulated brain LBs can be degraded. Our results provide a positive proof of concept that supports development of ASO therapy to Lafora disease patients that should potentially provide much needed relief in one of the severest diseases of adolescence. Disclosure: Dr. Ahonen has nothing to disclose. Dr. Grossman has nothing to disclose. Dr. Turnbull has nothing to disclose. Dr. Kordasiewcz has received personal compensation for consulting, serving on a scientific advisory board, speaking, or other activities with Ionis Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Katz has nothing to disclose. Dr. McCaleb has nothing to disclose. Dr. Wang has nothing to disclose. Dr. Zhao has nothing to disclose. Dr. Minassian has nothing to disclose.


religious expression among ethnic minorities whose loyalty they needed to secure, sometimes through the help of religious leaders. But there also seem to be some common historiographical challenges to accounting for the effects militant anti-religious policies had on everyday practices. Like scholars who work on the early decades of the Soviet Union, Goossaert and Palmer largely tell a story of popular resistance to state-imposed anti-religious measures: elderly patients refuse to visit urban hospitals to avoid compulsory cremation laws (232); peasants bury their ancestral tablets, but recite the family genealogy while bowing to the portrait of Mao that has taken their place (165). This makes state measures seem superficial, with their impact fading once repressive enforcement stops. However, a fascinating chapter on "Filial Piety, the Family, and Death" ends with the tantalizing observation that with the one-child policy the traditional order of deference and veneration has been reversed, and grandparents have become "servants" of their grandchild (238). This hints at changes that run deep, and may tell us that when we work to account for secularization processes that occurred in socialist societies, religious policy is not always the most revealing place to look. Family policy, education, medicine, gender relations, and geographical mobility may be important areas through which to understand how initial resistance can turn into lasting change.


environmental lingo, of information and communication among government and cor porate officials, experts, workers, and citizens. Issues that we in the United States still struggle with—exposure of workers at the government-owned uranium plant in Padu cah, Kentucky, being the most current disturbing example. As would be expected in explaining the complexities of the institutional and legal mechanisms, there are some redundancies in descriptions among the essays. The flip side of this minor criticism, however, means that essays could stand alone as supple mental reading material. The volume's most obvious flaw, however, is that it provides an "authoritative assessment" only from the Eurocentric point of view. While case studies do look at China and Indonesia, it would be worthwhile to get alternate per spectives on the internal politics and values of developing countries in dealing with the enormous burdens of poverty and environmental degradation. A non-Western per spective on global climate change negotiations, on the North-South tensions within the UN, or even of key historical influences could be important and interesting juxta positions to the narratives the volume does provide. The Global Environment , as a retrospective document, captures important aspects of the historical drive toward the mainstreaming of environmental values in the global arena. It is a worthwhile reader for scholars of contemporary environmental history and politics. The resources in the volume suggest research possibilities on a host of issues—for example, the role and dilemmas of scientific and technical expertise, particularly anthropologists and economists, within international lending agencies such as the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund, or the critical issues that arise in calls for the greater use of information technology in managing environmental treaties and compliance. All those familiar with environmental controversies will not be surprised that the ultimate message that lingers after reading any or all of these essays is that the hard part is still yet to come.


The current Covid-19 outbreak poses many challenges on hospital organisation and patient care. Our hospital lies at the epicentre of the Belgian epidemic. On April 1st, a total of 235 Covid-19 patients had been admitted to our hospital. This demanded an unprecedented adaptation of our hospital organisation, and we have met many clinical issues in the care for Covid-19 patients. In this article, we share our experience in the handling of some of the practical and organisational issues in the care for Covid-19 patients.


The present study was carried out to investigate the blood markers of Jeju horses. The redcell cypes (blood groups) and blood protein types (biochemical polymorphisms) were tested from 102 Jeju horses by serological and electrophoretc procedure, and their phenotypes and gene frequencies were estimated. The blood group and biochemical polymorphism phenotypes observed with high frequency were ), ), ), ), ), ), ), ), ), ), ), ), ), ), ), ), ), and ) in Jeju horses, respectively. Alleles observed with high gene frequency were (0.3726), (0.2647), (0.5050), (0.9853), (0.6863), (0.4657), (0.5294), (0.3039), (0.6863), (0.9265), (0.6912), (0.9852), (0.9950), (0.5000) and (0.4950) in Jeju horses, and sfecific alleles, (0.0196), (0.0147), (0.0196), (0.0441), (0.0098), TF`(0.0246), (0.0049) and (0.0098) were detected in Jeju horses. These preliminary results present basic information for detecting the genetic markers in Jeju horse. and developing a system for parentage verification and individuals identification in jeju horses.


In this paper we describe the effects of photoperiod (9, 12, 15, 17, 19 and 21 h) and temperature (21/17 and 16/12°C) on rate of leaf appearance and phyllochron in two spring wheats, a semi-winter wheat, and a winter wheat. Under long photoperiods only, all leaves on the main culm of a cultivar emerged at a common rate within a temperature regime, so it was acceptable to assign a specific phyllochron to leaves irrespective of their level of insertion. Increased temperature significantly decreased phyllochron, but the degree of this effect differed between cultivars. As photoperiod was shortened below the optimum, phyllochron lengthened marginally and similarly in all varieties (by approximately 0.1 days per hour change in photoperiod). For very short photoperiods this was true only for the first six leaves, whilst for leaves at higher insertions there was a major effect of reducing photoperiod on lengthening phyllochron. The actual daylength required for producing this major effect on phyllochron was cultivar-dependent. These results suggest that, when making predictions of heading date using phyllochron, it may not be acceptable to assume that leaf number and time are always linearly related at shorter photoperiods, particularly when considering leaves at higher insertions.


NSW 2109, Australia ABSTRACT Stomach contents of Hexagrammos otakii collected from mid-western coast of Korea were analysed to determine dietary composition, and ontogenetic and temporal dietary variations. Fish total length (tL) ranged between 5.6 and 32.4 cm. H. otakii primarily consumed amphipods, carid shrimps and teleosts, but also ate various benthic crustaceans and other invertebrates with small amounts. carid shrimps and teleosts dominated the diet of both immature and mature fishes. Amphipods and polychaetes were secondary, and the former more frequently consumed by smaller specimens, while the latter was more abundant in the diets of larger fishes. dIStLM (distance-based linear modelling) showed diet composition of H. otakii varying significantly with tL, season and water temperature, but did


We present a novel approach of distributing video lectures by capturing multiple regions of interest from a high definition camera and then distributing via a peer-to-peer network to participants' viewing devices. We show this approach is scalable and supports a broader range of viewing devices for participants. Our approach is more flexible than relying on a traditional camera operator to capture a single high bandwidth video stream. In addition, the solution supports a more active learning and inclusive environment by enabling views of additional streams such as audio captioning, video descriptions or optical character recognition of overheads and whiteboards for sensory disabled participants using personal devices.


The study explored the impact of experiential learning approach (ELA) on acquisition of science process skills (SPS) by biology college students. The research design is quasi-experimental research, adopting the non-randomized manipulated group of 2x2 factorial research design. 58 (22 males and 36 females) Senior High School II students in Awka Education Zone, obtained with multi-leveled sampling method made up the sample size. The sampled students who were in two separately grouped classes were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups using a flip of a coin. A Biology Science Process Skills Acquisition Test (BSPSAT) with 0.71 reliability coefficient ascertained with Kuder Richardson formula 20 was used to collect data. Average Mean and Standard deviation were adopted to describe the research questions and Analysis of Covariance to test the null hypotheses. The findings showed that ELA promoted students' acquisition of SPS in biology more than the Conventional Lecture Method. Gender alone as well as its interaction effect with the teaching methods had no significant effect on acquisition of SPS by students in biology. The study resolved that ELA is an activity-based approach that engages students actively throughout the learning process, hence promoting their acquisition of SPS. In line with the findings, the study advised that biology teachers should adopt ELA in schools to promote students' acquisition of SPS.


Major technological advances, globalization, geopolitical instability changes, and recent COVID-19 pandemic have highlighted organisations' increased reliance on rapidly evolving technology to maintain operations and deliver products and services as seamlessly as possible. Consequently, digital transformation has emerged as a key priority for organisations to effectively adopt rapidly evolving technology. Digital transformation requires many stakeholders working together to achieve a common objective of supporting the organisation through a fundamental change. Managing the stakeholders is then a critical challenge in the process. Stakeholders often have different viewpoints, which can be a potent opportunity for tapping into their shared collective intelligence to develop new ideas and solutions. However, successfully incorporating these diverse perspectives and also preserving emergent behaviour is a demanding task since no methodology currently exists to support such integration. This paper proposes a System of Systems approach to stakeholder management in digital transformation, where each stakeholder is recognized as an individual, autonomous, decentralized, and heterogeneous system with its own set of attributes while simultaneously being part of a larger collective whole, or SoS. By considering each stakeholder as a system within a greater SoS, emergent behaviour that is created through stakeholder interaction can be fostered and reinforced. Since the whole is greater than the sum of its parts, emergence generated as part of a collective interface of relevant stakeholders enables more holistic stakeholder integration and contributes to more effective governance.


: In today's world, outdoor navigation applications are present in lion's share, but there are hardly any that can pinpoint a user's location inside a large infrastructure. Indoor Navigation is a challenging task, especially in large structures like malls, airports, museums, factories, etc. Present solutions and technologies are not cost-effective as well as complicated but have a lot of room for improvement. Hence, we are proposing a cost-effective model that uses Augmented Reality to place virtual markers across a structure, so a person can navigate from one location to another with the help of these markers along with live feeds to process the information and provide real time localisation. The proposed model is quite different as it doesn't make use of high-level use technologies like satellite based GPS,Complex Machine Learning, and Artificial Intelligence but here, the markers placed are pervasive and persistent within the closed walls for smooth navigation. Once staged, these virtual anchors persist at a designated location and can be used at any time by anyone through our app. This system can be extended for the general public in any indoor space and also can be improvised by gamification for better user interaction and retention. This model can also be extended to collaborate with the Aarogya Setu app, which can help us identify potential victims and routes through which covid positive patients have passed which in turn helps us avoid those routes in real-time navigation.


RUMOURS THAT health visiting would be taken from the NHS and become the responsibility of the Home Office have proved unfounded.


Cowpea and mungbean extents in Sri Lanka have decli ned over the last decade. This study analyzes the reasons for these declining trends und er rain-fed farming, estimating the adoption percentages, preferences for variety attributes, pr ofitability, and production functions. Primary data relevant to 2008/09 maha season were collected from random samples of 40 co wpea and 33 mungbean farmers of Anuradhapura district. The per hectare and per farm profitability estimates including (excluding) imputed cost of family labour were Rs 21,662 (Rs 81,423) and Rs. 3,682 (Rs. 14,420), respectively, for cowpea and Rs. -16,289 ( Rs. 43,612) and Rs. -1,648 (Rs. 4,242), respectively, for mungbean. The share of family lab our in total cost is 89% for cowpea and 76% for mungbean. The variety adoption rate was 38% for 'Bombay' cowpea, 33% for 'Arlington' cowpea, and 49% for 'MI 6' Mungbean. Largeness of seed, glo ssiness of seed coat, and indeterminate growth patterns are the variety attributes preferred by farmers of both cowpea, and mungbean. The production function estimates showed that cowpea va rieties 'Bombay' and 'Arlington' significantly outperform (p<0.05) 'Dhawala', whereas mungbean var ieties 'MI 06' and 'MI 05' significantly outperform (p<0.05) the local varieties. Family labour constraint is a critical determinant in deciding farm size of both crops.


The pressing need for reducing the global warming effects from the emission of greenhouse gases necessitates the use of renewable energy where possible. Solar distillers are devices with a promising future. In this work, an experimental setup (solar distiller) was constructed and equipped with a mirror, basin, glass cover, compressor, sensors and controllers to study the partial evacuation effects on different solar distillation parameters and the production capacity under the Jordanian climate. The test rig was tested for three different water levels (1, 2 and 3 cm), and four pressure values (1, 0.9, 0.8 and 0.7 atm) under the Jordanian climate. The detailed experimental results strongly correlate with the results previously published in literature. The modifications performed on the system doubled the previously attained efficiency. These improvements in the solar distiller will favor the application of the vacuum pressure principle in many different applications, such as the water extraction from the atmospheric air.


BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Spinal opioids may cause some undesirable effects, the most frequent of which is itching. In spite of its low morbidity rate, itching may cause severe discomfort to patients in addition to prolonging hospital stay. This study aimed at evaluating different therapeutic options to prevent itching after spinal sufentanil.

METHODS
Participated in these study 100 patients scheduled for non-obstetric procedures, who were randomly distributed in five groups: control (no treatment - C); 2.5 mg droperidol (D); 10 mg nalbuphine (N); association of previous drugs (DN); and 8 mg ondansetron (O). Pruritus was quantitatively evaluated at 30 minutes, 1, 2 and 3 hours after spinal sufentanil.

RESULTS
Groups C and O had significantly higher incidence of itching as compared to groups D, N and DN. However, there has been no significant difference in the need for specific treatment with naloxone among groups.

CONCLUSIONS
Itching prevention in our study, regardless of the drug used, has decreased its severity and has limited the need for specific treatment with naloxone.


The main reasons for bad performance of cochannel systems working at high frequencies during a rain fading are: 1) H channel has stronger attenuation than V. 2) XPD is reduced (it isn't a symmetrical function). By limiting the maximum power of V channel the global performance is improved: V channel lower power will not worsen global performance (extra power would not improve the hop length due to limiting H channel) and H channel will benefit from a reduced cross polar interference level that allows increasing the link length. The advantages are reduced cost of systems (copolar canceller isn't needed), simpler installation and simpler application to already installed radio units when increased capacity is needed.


The theory of Blin-Stoyle and of Arima and Horie, in which the deviations of the nuclear magnetic moments from the single-particle model Schmidt limits are ascribed to configuration mixing, is used as a model to account quantitatively for the effects of the distribution of nuclear magnetization on hyperfine structure (Bohr-Weisskopf effect). A diffuse nuclear charge distribution, as approximated by the trapezoidal Hofstadter model, is used to calculate the required radial electron wave functions. A table of singleparticle matrix elements of R/sup 2/ and R/sup 4/ in a Saxon-Woods type of potential well is included. Explicit formulas are derived to permit comparison with experiment. For all of the available data satisfactory agreement is found. The possibility of using hypenfine structure measurements sensitive to the distribution of nuclear magnetization in a semiphenomenological treatment in order to obtain information on nuclear configurations is indicated. (auth)


Electronic band structure, ferroelectric, and magnetic properties of multiferroic Bi1.xRExFeO3 (x=0, 0.16, 0.32, 0.5; RE=Nd and Gd) doped compounds have been investigated using TB-mBJ semi-local (Tran--Blaha modified Becke--Johnson) potential approximation method and WIEN2k code. As spin.orbit coupling (SOC) influences several properties of these materials, SOC corrections were also included in the present study. On the basis of varying band gap values, it has been concluded that the leakage current might have decreased with increasing dopant concentration. It has been concluded from the charge density studies that stereo chemically active 6S2 lone-pair electrons are present at Bi sites and they might be responsible for the displacements of Bi atoms from the centrosymmetric to the non-centrosymmetric structure position leading to the exhibition of ferroelectricity. It was also observed that magnetic moments of iron ions are not integral values probably due to hybridization of Fe electrons with neighboring O ions. To understand ferroelctric properties of these compounds, the real and imaginary parts of the dielectric functions were obtained at ambient conditions and were analyzed using TB-mBJ + SOCpotentials. Finally, it has been concluded that the results obtained in the present investigations may be useful in predicting the properties of bismuth ferrite for possible applications in industry. Keywords: multiferroics, TB-mBJ exchange potential, charge density, spin--orbit coupling (SOC),


This study consisted in observation, description and measurement of the adhesive on the enamel after brackets cementation, modifying the cementation protocols and the application of antimicrobial agents prior to acid conditioning to remove bacterial plaque that is covering the enamel and allow better penetration of acid and adhesive material with the purpose of determining a protocol that generates better adhesion. The sample was conformed by 60 premolars extracted for orthodontic reasons in Cuenca's population.
Methodology: 6 groups are formed with 10 premolars each: the first one was the control group, following the normal cementation protocol and after a prophylaxis without fluor or any oily material. In the second group, 5% sodium hypochlorite was applied after prophylaxis and prior to decalcification. In the third group the solution applied was chlorhexidine at 0.12%. In groups four, five and six, the same procedure as in the case of groups one, two and three was used but modifying the decalcification time. Then, the buccal surface of the palatal was cut with diamond blade, separating the crown from the root, and the buccal surface in 2 parts. The next step was to cover with gold as a dye, this will made the observation easier in the scanning electron microscopy, which will described and analyzed each sample and this determined which one is the best protocol to generate more solid and compact adhesion.
Conclusion: Analyzing the results, the conclusion was that the selected antiseptic agent for the desproteinization of the dental enamel was the chlorhexidine solution at 0,12%, using it during one minute and 45 seconds of an acid decalcification.


Abstract Objectives: To determine if the frequency of physician visits on Fridays varied over the course of 1997 to 2010, and if it varied by geographical region. Methods: Data from the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NAMCS) of the National Center for Health Statistics were analyzed to examine the frequency of office visits with physicians on Friday from 1997 to 2010, and the same data were also stratified by geographical location. Results: Fewer office visits occurred on Fridays compared to other weekdays, and the percentage of total visits that occurred on Fridays decreased over time (p = 0.04). Comparing between the different geographical regions, the South had the lowest rate of Friday visits and the West had the highest rate. The Northeast (p = 0.003) and South (p < 0.0001) had significantly lower rates than the West. Conclusion: Although patients and physicians alike are disappointed in the amount of time physicians and patients spend face to face, physicians are currently not utilizing every day of the common workweek to see patients.


Up to date Danube space is the most developed region in its category. The biggest cities in Serbia belong to the Danube axis, the biggest economic potentials and development possibilities. At the same time border regions along the Danube become potentially regions with the biggest chance for spatial integration with the neighboring countries. This way, they are opening the possibility of state territory promotion. Such a trend is the consequence of the Danube natural position and its important for the Balkan Space and Europe in general, as well as the historical facts talking about the unbreakable relation of the nations along the Danube (from ancient Greeks up to date) who were searching, through history, over him the reasons for cooperation and mutual development. That is why this paper is trying to give a short chronological overview upon the use of the Danube potentials and look back on the present state and perspectives in the Serbian Danube Space.


The optimization of lunar soft - landing trajectory is one of the key techniques of lunar exploration mission. This paper researched the optimal trajectory problem of lunar probe with fixed - thrust based on the minimal fuel principle.In the optimization algorithm,the trajectory dynamic function was normalized firstly.Then through discretizing the trajectory and fitting the thrust control angle by function approach method,the trajectory optimization problem was converted to a parameter optimization problem.Finally,the search method based on shuffled frog leaping algorithm was designed.The simulation result shows that the designed trajectory meets the required restrain perfectly, and the shuffled frog leaping algorithm has the advantages of high optimization precision and simple application, hence it can be applied to the task of designing an optimal trajectory of lunar soft landing.


In the cold forging of AA2014, friction at the die/billet interface plays a significant role. AA2014 metallic rings of height 8 mm with an outer diameter of 24 mm and inner diameter of 12 mm was upset between H13 steel dies to different levels of deformation. Different types of lubricants namely, grease, molybdenum disulphide, white grease, palm oil were employed at the die/ring interface and ring compression test was also conducted for un lubricated condition. The values based on the changes in the geometry after different levels of deformation were fit into Male and Cockroft calibration curves to estimate the friction factor (m). The values of friction factors determined from the experiments were given as input to the finite element package, Deform 2D. The results obtained from the finite element studies were compared with the experimental results. After validation, the research was extended by considering ring geometries of different sizes. The effect of the friction between the die/billet interface and geometry were studied on the flow of metal. The zone of minimum velocity of particles, defined as neutral plane was analyzed for different friction conditions and different geometries of the ring.


The years 1770 to 1840 worked profound changes in the fundamental organization of European society: the development of civil society, the relation between it and state power, the transformation in relations among its citizens, and not least, the organization and self-understanding of these citizens' private lives. Until recently, historians neglected "private" rela? tions in favor of obviously public ones, thus obscuring their mutual interdependence and the integrity of the new system of public/private. Those historians who wrote about the private did so mostly based upon prescriptive evidence. The two books under review focus instead on private life as it was lived?one on domestic relations in marriage, the other on the shadow side of privacy: prostitution and illicit sexual relations. Anne-Charlott Trepp calls her insightful and scrupulous book "Sanfte Mannlichkeit und selbstandige Weiblichkeit," after a phrase from the ro? mantic ideologue Friedrich Schlegel. But Trepp's study is not about ideo? logy, but practice. It is based on a remarkable, possibly unique, series of documents, the voluminous personal papers (letters, diaries, memoirs, etc.) of 38 married couples from the upper crust of Hamburg's merchant and lawyer class, from 1770 to 1840. These three generations, who often knew one another and whose comments thus provide cross-checks for the subjective views in diaries and letters, lived an experiment whose


Abstract The entry into force of the Treaty of Lisbon has raised new expectations in the area of freedom, security and justice (AFSJ). The extension of co-decision increases the capacity of the European Parliament (EP) to have an influence on decision-making. This article engages with securitisation theories in order to analyse the evolution of the AFSJ as well as the role of its main actors in the securitisation process. It evaluates the past role of the EP as well as the recent changes introduced by the extension of co-decision in order to establish whether it will become a new securitising actor or will have the potential for de-securitisation of the agenda. The macro-institutional changes in the Treaty of Lisbon indicate that the EP will have opportunities to de-securitise, although the emphasis on EU citizens' rights introduced in the Stockholm programme offers it a chance to appeal to domestic audiences at the expense of more diffuse issues such as immigration and asylum.


The present study examines the dynamics and regulatory regimes of commodity derivatives markets through time. The historical perspective allows to identify the reasons behind the use of derivatives and the impact of changing rules on financial systems. It further permits to highlight the weaknesses and the strengths of derivatives markets and provides valuable lessons to tackle challenges, replicate practices, and prevent failures. The analysis shows that derivatives markets have a long history and have facilitated trading across time and geographical areas. The results of a quasi-experiment conducted for Japan and the US reveal that commodity price fluctuations were higher before the establishment of futures markets. The analysis further indicates that the unprecedented inflow of liquidity in derivatives markets was mainly facilitated by the deregulation policies adopted in the US, EU and elsewhere and was intensified by an increasing interest of investors in alternative asset classes. In the new millennium many product innovations flooded the market, reducing transparency and increasing market uncertainty. The study indicates that improved data quality and quantity are necessary conditions to enhance the understanding of derivatives markets. In addition, a sound legal and financial system is a must for thriving financial markets. Such a system creates a framework of checks and balances for the market, it contributes significantly to meaningful regulations and vibrant policies and helps to prevent or eradicate market manipulations.


Nutrient dynamics in vegetation play an important role in determining the circulation and storage of nutrients in an ecosystem. The major objectives of this study were to estimate the plant nutrient pools (K, Ca, Mg, and Na) on a hardwood forest watershed at Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory, North Carolina, on a seasonal basis and to relate any observed trends to seasonal productivity and phenology. Late-summer nutrient standing crops in the vegetation were calculated to be 551 kg/ha Ca, 233 kg/ha K, 48 kg/ha Mg, and 48 kg/ha Na. Nitrogen, P, and K concentrations in the leaves decreased seasonally, whereas Ca concentrations increased and Mg and Na concentrations remained relatively constant. Nutrient concentrations in the woody portion of the plants remained relatively constant. Standing crops of all nutrients increased seasonally with slight decreases of N and K in the leaves in the fall. Major conclusions of the study were 1) individual species and different plant components have nutrient storage-pool turnover times ranging from one year to several hundred years. Canopy species are important in long and short term nutrient cycles; nutrient-rich understory species such as Cornus jlorida are important in the annual cycle; and evergreen species are important in cycles of intermediate length because of nutrient storage in their perennial leaves. 2) Even though most of the annual nutrient uptake is recycled the same season (92%, 79%, 93% and 68% of K, Ca, Mg, and Na uptake, respectively), the total accumulation of nutrients is considerable in a mature forest stand. NUTRIENT CYCLING PROCESSES in plants are closely related to the physiological activities of the plant, i.e., growth, reproduction, and development. In many studies the vegetation has been sampled at only one time of the year (late summer or even winter), or only one plant component (e.g., leaves) has been sampled seasonally. Many of these studies provide inadequate data for the analysis of ecosystem nutrient cycling strategies. To obtain adequate data, the vegetation should be sampled throughout a growing season. The primary objectives of the present study were to quantify the pools of several nutrients, K, Ca, Mg, and Na, in the vegetation on a hardwood forest watershed at Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory for the 1971 and 1972 growing seasons and 1 Received for publication 10 February 1977; revision accepted 10 June 1977. 3 Present address: Department of Biological Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23508. Jean Ann Day, Sam Best, Shirley Gist and Susann Hogger processed samples for nutrient analysis and Jean Ann Day also assisted in the field. This paper is based in part on a dissertation by the senior author submitted to the graduate faculty of the University of Georgia in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Doctor of Philosophy degree. This research was supported in part by the Eastern Deciduous Forest Biome, US-IBP, funded by the National Science Foundation under Interagency Agreement AG-199, 40-193-69 with the former Atomic Energy Commission, Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Contribution no. 294 from the Eastern Deciduous Forest Biome, US-IBP. to relate seasonal fluctuations in the nutrient pools to growth and phenology. The study concentrated on five major tree species: Quercus prinus L., Acer rubrum L., Gary a glabra (Miller) Sweet, Cornus florida L., and Liriodendron tulipifera L. A less detailed study of the other species on the watershed was conducted. MATERIALS AND METHODS—Description of study area—Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory is managed by the Forest Service, USDA, and is located in southwestern North Carolina in the Nantahala Mountains in the Blue Ridge province of the southern Appalachians. Our study was conducted on the hardwood forest watershed which served as the control watershed for the IBP-Eastern Deciduous Forest Biome research effort at Coweeta. The vegetation on the watershed is dominated by Quercus prinus with several other Quercus spp. and Carya spp. as codominants. A more complete description of the site can be found in Day and Monk (1974) and Day and


Aim: The present study aimed to compare schema modes with avoidance coping styles and extreme schema compensation between female applicants and non-applicants for cosmetic surgeries in the west of Tehran. Method: The descriptive study was a comparative causal study. The statistical population consisted of all women who visited Mobin Beauty Clinic and the nonapplicants consisted of women present in Kourosh complex in the west of Tehran. Using convenience sampling, we selected 100 applicants from February 2016 to May 2017, and a sample of 100 non-applicants for cosmetic surgeries, and they responded to Young Schema Questionnaire (1998), the Extreme Compensation Questionnaire (1994), and Young Avoidance Questionnaire (1994). We used descriptive statistics and analysis of covariance to analyze the data. Results: The results نایاپ زا سابتقا لصاح رضاح هلاقم * .تسا دشرا یسانشراک همان 1 . یسانشناور دشرا یسانشراک هتخومآ شناد یمومع دحاو ، ،نیمارو اوشیپ ،یملاسا دازآ هاگشناد نیمارو ناریا ، 2 . لوئسم هدنسیون : یسانشناور هورگ رایداتسا دحاو ، ناریا ،نیمارو ،یملاسا دازآ هاگشناد ،نیمارو اوشیپ دحاو 3 . دحاو ،یسانشناور هورگ رایداتسا ناریا ،نیمارو ،یملاسا دازآ هاگشناد ،نیمارو اوشیپ دحاو همانلصف شجنس و شهوژپ رد و هرواشم یسانشناور هرود 1 هرامش / 2 / ناتسمز 1398 ، 54 39 یشهوژپ هلاقم Journal of Assessment and Research in Counseling and Psychology Vol, 1/No, 2/ Winter 2020, 39-54


Summary. — List of the 27 Byzantine coins, imitations or bracteates of Byzantine inspiration, found in China. The historical and archaeological setting of their discovery is outlined, pointing to a limited circulation and hoarding in the metropolitan areas of Northern China. A commentary on diplomatic and economic relations between China and Byzantium stresses their limited nature compared with the importance of the exchanges with the Sasanian Empire.


The research method of Grounded Theory,which was originated from sociology,is widely used in many fields,and is also an essential method in qualitative research.Deeply influenced by American pragmatism and the theory of symbolic interaction,it emphasizes that theory is grounded in evidence,and that Grounded Theory is formed through a series of process of data-collecting,coding,description of memo,and sampling of theory.


Irrigation facilities for constructing underwater impermeable protective layer system (10) or a portion thereof, necessary to protect the surface (11) zone, the at least one reference line is provided, each layer of the sheet material (12) is placed and expanded (12) a lateral edge aligned parallel with said reference line on the surface to be protected (11) region, holding each sheet material, and the holding action on each of the sheet material (12) of the front and back surfaces the hydrostatic pressure is built equilibrium underwater protective layer, and then said sheet (12) joined along their edges in a watertight manner by mechanical fixing means (13,20,21,24) fixed to the RESOURCES surface facilities (10) (11).


A colorimetric procedure for determination of small amounts of cyanide and thiocyanate, involving the synthesis of a pyridine dyestuff by the reaction of pyridine and an aromatic amine, has been simplified for the estimation of thiocyanate alone in biological fluids. Replacement of benzidine with p -phenylenediamine in the colorimetric reaction has both improved the precision of the analytical procedure and avoided a carcinogenic hazard. This method has been used to follow the decrease in plasma thiocyanate associated with abstinence from cigarette smoking, and its subsequent increase upon resumption. It has also been used to measure the plasma and urinary thiocyanate concentrations of patients suffering from the particular toxic amblyopias—tobacco amblyopia and Leber's hereditary optic atrophy— believed to be associated with cyanide toxicity, and to follow the increased thiocyanate concentrations that accompany significant improvements in the patients' vision brought about by various treatments.


In this paper, we analyzed the children's play during recess in a elementary school, at especially courtyard on the examination from the one-year. The thermal environment of courtyard is different from the environment of playground by the materials of ground and the influence of sunlight reflected by the surrounding walls. And courtyard is the important place for outdoor playground taken place with school ground for lower classes' children. Moreover, we clarified courtyard is the really interesting playground in the point of interchanges between different age children and diversity of kind of play. Play at courtyard is related with air temperature, sunshine and wind velocity, especially wind over 2m/s disturbs play in all seasons. So we need to hold strong wind in planning for courtyard. And we found children select between shine or shadow at courtyard. So it's important to layout properly sun and shadow area at courtyard.


Compliance management is the interval demand for insurance companies to develop constantly and effectively.Meanwhile,it aims to supervise insurance companies.The new Insurance Law comes into effect in October,2009.The new law puts more emphasis on protecting insurants,strengthening supervision and preventing risks which make a stricter requirement for insurance companies to conduct compliance management.After explaining the definition and significance of compliance management,this paper proposes possible measures for companies to adapt to the new law.In the end,the author draws a conclusion that an insurance company shall develop a good compliance culture and take actions to conform to the new law.


This study aims to describe the urgency of one of the nonformal Islamic education, namely Madrasah Diniyah Takmiliyah Awwaliyah (MDTA). This type of research is qualitative descriptive research carried out in several non-formal Islamic educational institutions; Madrasah Diniyah Takmiliyah Awwaliyah (MDTA) in Deli Serdang Regency, Medan, North Sumatra. Data were obtained through observation at Madrasah Diniyah Takmiliyah Awwaliyah (MDTA) and further information through interviews. The results of this study explain that the existence of Madrasah Diniyah Takmiliyah Awwaliyah (MDTA) will greatly influence the religious aspects of society in the city of Medan. If the city of Medan is known as one of the metropolitan cities in Indonesia and its people are very diverse, be it religion, culture, ethnicity, language, race, and others, it cannot be separated from the strong foundation of community religious education through nonformal Islamic education. Some of the urgency of nonformal Islamic education at Madrasah Diniyah Takmiliyah Awwaliyah (MDTA), include: 1) Completion of religious learning obtained at school; 2) Providing provision of religious knowledge from an early age; 3) Printing children to be perfect human beings; 4) Guiding and educating children as the next generation; 5) Increasing public awareness of religious education; and 6) Teaching children about the importance of learning religion.


The effects of two kinds of silicon fertilizers(Na2SiO3·9H2O and rice hull) on the growth and development,resistance and yield of good rice cultivar Koshihikari were studied by field experiment.The results showed that the application of both silicon fertilizers could shorten the length of basal internode,reduce the plant height,improve the plant type,prolong the functional period of leaves,strengthen the resistance to lodging and diseases and increase the percentage of available tillers and seed setting rate,so the rice yield could increase obviously.The yield-increasing effect was the most significant when the application rate of Na2SiO3·9H2O was 120 g/m2,which was followed by the treatment with 1 kg/m2 rice hull.Compared to the CK,they increased by 17.0% and 15.7% respectively.Using rice hull as silicon fertilizer could control the plant growth in earlier period and make the later-period growth steady,thereby increase the resistance to diseases and lodging.However,the grain yield could be reduced due to the insufficiency of population growing capacity,if too much rice hull was applied.


We consider the problem of learning to map between two vector spaces given pairs of matching vectors, one from each space. This problem naturally arises in numerous vision problems, for example, when mapping between the images of two cameras, or when the annotations of each image is multidimensional. We focus on the common asymmetric case, where one vector space X is more informative than the other Y, and find a transformation from Y to X. We present a new optimization problem that aims to replicate in the transformed Y the margins that dominate the structure of X. This optimization problem is convex, and efficient algorithms are presented. Links to various existing methods such as CCA and SVM are drawn, and the effectiveness of the method is demonstrated in several visual domains.


The most important similarity between Roman public basilica and Christian basilica is corridor form and those two building types are consisted of three aisles. These two building types also have showed similarity in plan, elevation and section. The discrepancy of two building types are expressed as contradict concept difference like openness and closeness, homogeneity and hierarchy, sociality and symbolism, double axis and single axis and so on. It is considered that these fundamental differences originated from the concept of the sacred and the profane. Roman public basilica has pursued public purpose, but on the other hand, Christian basilica which regarded it as secular considered to appear in the process of intention to make sacred space. To sump up, Roman public basilica has open architectural characteristic which has pursue public purpose, on the contrary, even if Christian basilica has succeeded to form the spiritual inner space but it can be evaluated to show closed form of architectural characteristic which cut off from its surroundings by hierarchy and closed feature.


In this study, we analyze the case of Moon Jae-In 's government based on the specific public enterprises. The public companies that were the subject of the study were evaluated as having done a good job of open innovation through open innovation evaluation. In this study, we analyzed the success factors of open innovation through collaborative in depth interviews with public corporations, public agencies and local farmers. First, it was important to share goals to form a consensus to seek cooperation among the cooperative actors. It is very important to recognize that each other has a mutually beneficial relationship and move toward a common goal. In addition, it was found that the incentive system for continuously participating in collaborations or innovations is very important. Therefore, in order to encourage collaboration, it is necessary for public institutions to establish an incentive system such as personnel compensation or economic compensation.


This study aims to determine whether there is effectiveness of Numbered Heads Together (NHT) model and Problem Based Learning (PPBL) approach to the motivation of thematic learning of grade 4 elementary school students. The type of research used is quasi experimental research. The sampling technique used purposive stratified disproportionate sampling technique. This data analysis technique using average difference test (t test). The normality of the experimental group is 0.243> 0.05 and the control group is 0.438> 0.05, the two groups are normally distributed. The homogeneity of the experimental group and the control group was 0.595> 0.05, the experimental group and the control group were homogeneous. The results showed t count 8.564> t table 1.997, then Ha accepted means there is the effectiveness of NHT and PPBL models on the motivation of thematic learning 4th grade elementary school students. Significance of 0.000 <0,05, then Ha accepted means there is effectiveness of NHT model and PPBL to motivation of thematic learning of 4th grade elementary school students meaningful. The mean of experimental learning motivation of experiment group is 49,88 and control group equal to 41,38. The average difference between thematic motivation of experimental group and control group is 8.5. The advice given is that teachers are expected to use the NHT and PPBL models in designing the lesson, so that the thematic learning motivation can be improved. Keywords: Model of NHT and PPBL, Thematic Learning Motivation, Thematic Learning


In the article the system features of modern computer technologies using in scientific pedagogical experiment are described. It is performed their systematization according stages of experiment realization. Advisability of e-recourse "Experiment in educational institution" using in research and pedagogical activity is proved.


The paper addresses an experimental-calculational technique intended to determine geometrical parameters of invisible crack-like defects in thin-wall structural elements. Object deformation response to low trial loading is used as baseline data for assessment. The response is recorded using the digital image correlation method. Further analysis consists in minimization of differences between experimental findings and serial model calculations. The description of the approach is carried out on the example of a test specimen in the form of cylindrical shell (tube section) with a non-through crack simulator on the inner surface. The expected displacement fields for different particular cases are calculated using the finite element method.


not possible to disregard the risks created in areas of tension and the negative effect of arms deliveries which help to prolong hostilities and thwart the negotiated settlement of disputes. Moreover, while the colonised countries which have become independent feel the need to assert their identity by acquiring military equipment and procure arms in order to ensure their own security, the corresponding expenditure often mortages the achievement of their development programmes. Faced with these mounting risks, some have thought of adjusting development assistance in the light of the rate of military expenditure of the beneficiary states; others have considered regulating arms transfers to take account of the legitimate security requirements of the purchasers ; still others endeavour to include limitation of the arms trade in the framework of regional disarmament in which all the countries


This study was conducted to investigate the effects of sociocultural attitude toward appearance, social pressure, and stress on university students' body figure discrepancy. A total of 363 students were recruited from a university in C and A city. Data were collected by self-reported questionnaires from Oct 27 to Dec 9, 2016. Statistical analyses of the collected data were conducted using SPSS 20.0 and consisted of descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation, and multiple regression. A positive relationship was observed between body figure discrepancy and female's sociocultural attitude toward appearance (r=.406, p=.006), peer pressure (r=.197, p<.001), parental pressure (r=.176, p=.002), and stress (r=.218, p<.001). Body figure discrepancies increased with peer pressure (β=.159, p=.007), stress (β=.186, p=.002), and BMI (β=.186, p=.002), and these factors accounted for 10.9% of the body figure discrepancy. To reduce body figure discrepancy, it is necessary to develop health education and promotion programs that enable university students to manage weight and stress for health maintenance and to have positive self-assessment without being hurt by other people's view or evaluation.


158 ISSN: 2278 – 1323 All Rights Reserved © 2016 IJARCET  Abstract— Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) is a big challenge in drug development process. Medicines are designed to cure, treat, or prevent diseases; however, there are also risks in taking any medicine. Particularly short term or long term ADR's can cause serious harm to patients. ADR's are the harmful reactions of the drugs caused to humans due to allergies, overdose, chemical reactions between two chemicals in the medicines, etc. Discovering unknown ADR's in post-marketing surveillance as early as possible is of great importance, as it save lives and prevent harmful consequences. We will be using data mining technique Naive Bayes classifier for classification of ADR's. Timely safety surveillance after a drugs release on the market is therefore an urgent goal of public health systems. We are going to propose software system approach for proactive monitoring and detecting potential ADR's using clinical records.


A shock consolidation method is to consolidate metal powder using detonation wave, including high pressure and high velocity, generated by explosion of explosive. In order to make further high pressure and high velocity for the detonation wave, we developed an underwater shock wave generation device. The underwater shock wave generation device can produce an ultra high pressure of over 10㎬. The pressure of underwater shock wave is controlled by inner shape of water container which is one of the parts of underwater shock wave generation device. In this study, we carried out several experiments for the shock consolidation of metal powder and performed a numerical analysis for the behavior of underwater shock wave generated in the water container. As results, we confirmed that the grain growth of compacted bulk material is minimized, underwater shock wave is affected by the reflected wave occurred by inner angle of water container.