The configurations of eight 6- and 7-methylsulphinyl-5α-cholestanes have been determined by the pyrolytic method, and their preferred conformations were revealed by n.m.r. spectroscopy. The optical rotatory dispersions of the sulphoxides are consistent with the asymmetric perturbation of the sulphinyl chromophores by the steroid nucleus, a consequence of restricted rotation about a C–S bond. The ratio of axial to equatorial sulphoxides obtained by base-catalysed equilibration at C-7 depends upon chirality at sulphur.


It is sometimes helpful to us as plant pathologists to attempt to understand the viewpoint of our adversaries. Imagine what it must be like to be blind, not to mention deaf and dumb, to be carried around by unpredictable forces and dumped at some foreign place, and then to have to find out if the surrounding territory happens to include a friendly host plant. This is a formidable predicament; but, as most of us can attest, plant pathogens are marvelous creatures. They have two primary senses, smell and touch, and are capable of using both effectively. Before analyzing our knowledge of these senses, we need to clarify some of the current terminology. Orientation responses by plant pathogens in host recognition can be divided into two groups:


Abstract Shift work is increasingly prevalent in a 24-hour society where there is increased demand for round the clock service. However, shift work can disrupt circadian rhythms, which can negatively impact sleep. In turn, diminished sleep is associated with poor mental health. To expand prior research that reveal the independent effects of shift work and sleep on mental health, this study focuses on the interconnection between shift work, sleep, and depressive symptoms. Guided by the Stress Process Model (SPM), I examine the association between shift work and depressive symptoms and investigate whether sleep duration, sleep quality (insomnia symptoms), and sleep latency (the time it takes to fall asleep) mediate this relationship. Data was drawn from the age 50 health module of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 cohort. The sample consisted of noninstitutionalized adults aged 51-60 (N=5,386). Findings show that shift workers had increased odds of short sleep, insomnia symptoms, and increased sleep latency compared to non-shift workers. Moreover, shift work was associated with increased depressive symptoms. However, part of the effect of shift work on depressive symptoms was indirect, operating through sleep. Specifically, short sleep during the week and on the weekend as well as insomnia symptoms mediated the relationship between shift work and depressive symptoms. The findings suggest that while engaging in shift work can negatively affect mental health, improving sleep duration and sleep quality can be effective in reducing the harmful effects of engaging in shift work during late midlife.


A conceptual design of digital Intelligent Production Integrity Operating Windows (IP-IOW) system, which is an unique and transformational solution to the oil and gas offshore industry focusing on maximizing production while optimizing equipment operation, was developed through a Nippon Foundation (NF) - DeepStar® partnership project. This connects the fluids system with the equipment system using IP-IOW architecture and specifications of a digital platform.
 The developed digital IP-IOW architecture contains five major evaluation modules, which are Component risk analysis (CRA), Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA), Failure Evaluation (FE), Maintenance Evaluation (ME), and Reliability Availability, and Maintainability Analysis (RAMA) focusing on critical components, including subsea choke, flowline and riser, topside choke, topside equipment, and crude export line. Each module has a function of monitoring, risk evaluation or analysis of each component based on various existing databases and/or industrial standards.
 Component risk analysis (CRA) module is designed as a key module to evaluate individual risk of each component based on the evaluation results of the other modules and to provide IP-IOW dashboards through operation and maintenance analysis methods. CRA module analyzes operation and maintenance based on the likelihood of failure (probability of failure) as a function of operation and maintenance conditions and impact of the damage. Calculated safety operating windows (SOWs) and reliability operating windows (ROWs) would be indicated on the IP-IOW dashboard.
 In this project, detailed gap analysis was also conducted to gain an understanding of what relevant industry standards and practices have been published and how these publications have gaps with respect to IP-IOW. A completed search was made of technical indices and reference sources to identify codes and standards that may or can be used for developing Integrity Operating Windows (IOWs) for topside fixed equipment. Current API, DNV, and EI applicable recommended practices (RP) cover damaging effect, in-service inspection, risk ranking, repair items prioritization, and alteration of fixed equipment systems. However, the RPs do not cover how to integrate industry best practices into a real-time digital operating environment that is integral to the next generation O&M system. A critical recommendation is to connect the systems digitally allowing for data analytics using the Digital Twin of the asset.
 Several case studies on module development were conducted to demonstrate an example of the module development process and the workflow of module. RAM analysis on one of selected offshore production facilities identified top 30 high risk components from around 1200 components. A pilot physical model was also developed to enable the embodiment of a new industry recommended practice for offshore large scale of FPSO asset. This conceptual pilot has used the topside choke sand erosion connecting the fluid characterization (multi-phase flow) with the selected equipment to develop the correlation addressing major technical challenges of fixed equipment while maximizing production. An example of validation results of erosion module showed good agreement between actual inspection results and CFD calculation results.
 Overall, IP-IOW is designed based on rigorous CFD and field data to predict critical section of system and/or equipment likelihood of failure (LOF), such as Erosion with solids, flow induced vibration (FIV), acoustic induced vibration (AIV), vortex induced vibration (VIV), and corrosion in offshore environment.
 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (MHI) has been sponsored by Nippon Foundation (NF) and DeepStar (DS) Joint Ocean Innovation R&D Program to perform a research study (Phase 1) of project titled "19143 Fixed Equipment Integrity Operating Windows based on Facility Operating Conditions" started from May 2019.


When a solid particle is immersed in water, a hydrate shell is formed on its surface, moving with the particle. The mechanism of shell formation has not been elucidated in details yet because of the many factors influencing this process. On the surface of the solids there are uncompensated ionic and covalent bonds, by which it selectively acquires a charge of either sign relative to the water. Most minerals bear a negative charge in water. When interacting with these charges, polar water molecules form the adhesion layer, which is most strongly held by surface. The second row of molecules is attached to the first, following rows – to the second, and so on. It is known, that over a hundred of such layers may be formed [1]. In these layers there are hydrated ions, whose charge is opposite to the charge of the solid surface, the sotermed counter ions. An electric double layer is formed, the value of which is characterized by a zeta-potential. Furthermore, water molecules can interact against each other through hydrogen bonds and form long chains analogous to polymeric. During the study of water filtration through the precipitations of fine suspensions it was found that the thickness of the hydrated film on the surface of minerals may exceed 11 microns [3]. Apparently, the mechanism of the investigated phenomena is similar to the mechanism of formation of known in hydrodynamics boundary layer, whose thickness can attain tens of micrometers [2]. When calculating the velocity of movement of particles of size less than 100 microns in water Stokes formula without regard to grain shape is applied. This can be explained by the fact that the hydrate shell, moving with the particle, smoothes the surface roughness and particle shape approaches spherical. Of course, the shell thickness should depend on the speed and nature of the water flow around it, the physicochemical properties of the surface and ionic composition of the solution, temperature, etc. Although in any case it is necessary to consider the presence of such a shell in the calculation of gravitational mineral dressing processes. To simplify the calculations, consider a spherical particle with diameter of d , coated with hydrated shell with thickness of  . The average density of such a complex is defined from expression:


The Council for Responsible Nutrition's annual events will take place from October 26–29 at the Ritz-Carlton, Laguna Niguel (Dana Point, CA).


Abstract:Endophytes are microorganisms that spend all or part of their lives inside plant tissue without causing disease symptoms. Strains of fungal endophytes have been shown to have great potential as beneficial crop inoculants for biocontrol, biofertilisation and biostimulation. In this study, we carried out replicated glasshouse trials to examine the effects on a barley cultivar of ten fungal endophytes isolated from the wild barley relative Hordeum murinum. In both replicate trials, we found that two strains of Cladosporium significantly increased the grain yield over the control (P < 0.05). The increase in grain yield was positively correlated with both the number of heads and the number of grains. The Cladosporium strains were originally isolated from seeds of H. murinum but results show that they can successfully colonise the root tissue of cultivated barley. The Cladosporium strains were not recoverable from seed or root tissue of mature plants at the end of the experiment, indicating an early 'priming' effect by the endophytes. If these positive results translate to field grown barley, then there is great potential for these endophyte strains to help reduce chemical crop inputs and to enhance sustainable farming practices.


at balls and dances incapacitates them from giving proper attention to their patients on the following day. Mr. Haldane added the confession that the weight and authority of '' experienced matrons and highly experienced ladies had prevailed over his natural instincts." But if Army nurses themselves do not desire the removal of the rule prohibiting them from attending public balls, there is no reason why the natural instincts of the right hon. gentleman should be allowed to prevail. An alternative is the substitution of a rule simply requiring nurses


Macrotermes barneyi hindgut harbored large quantity of microbes. The native-page method and the denatured gradient gel electrophoresis were used to analyze the filter paper-degrading microbiome of M. barneyi hindgut. EG,BG and xyl were verified by the native-page method. Microbial community structure was identified by the denatured gradient gel electrophoresis. The microbial species,including 7 bacterial and 3 fungi,associated with filter paper degradation in the hindgut of M. barneyi were illustrated. The understanding of cellulose degradation mechanisms was facilitated and some theoretical basis for efficient biomass transformation was provided.


We propose a novel edge detection method based on fractal coding. We point out that the mean-square-error distance (MSED) of fractal coding can be used to extract edges of a fractal image effectively. The algorithm for edge detection based on fractal coding MSED is given and its improvement is discussed. Results indicate that since the new algorithm for edge detection avoids the gradient operation, it is insensitive to noise and suitable for object detection in natural scenes based on edges.


Significance Modulation of actin filament architecture underlies a plethora of cellular processes including cell shape, division, adhesion, and motility. In heart muscle cells actin-containing thin filaments form highly organized structures with precisely regulated lengths. This precision is required for efficient interaction with myosin-containing filaments and provides the basis for contraction. The mechanism whereby heart muscle cells regulate thin filament assembly and its consequences for cardiac physiology are largely unknown. We discovered that Leiomodin 2 (Lmod2) elongates thin filaments to a proper length. Mice lacking Lmod2 have abnormally short thin filaments, experience severe contractile dysfunction and ventricular chamber enlargement consistent with dilated cardiomyopathy, and die at age ∼3 wk. Therefore, Lmod2 and proper thin filament lengths are essential for heart function. Leiomodin 2 (Lmod2) is an actin-binding protein that has been implicated in the regulation of striated muscle thin filament assembly; its physiological function has yet to be studied. We found that knockout of Lmod2 in mice results in abnormally short thin filaments in the heart. We also discovered that Lmod2 functions to elongate thin filaments by promoting actin assembly and dynamics at thin filament pointed ends. Lmod2-KO mice die as juveniles with hearts displaying contractile dysfunction and ventricular chamber enlargement consistent with dilated cardiomyopathy. Lmod2-null cardiomyocytes produce less contractile force than wild type when plated on micropillar arrays. Introduction of GFP-Lmod2 via adeno-associated viral transduction elongates thin filaments and rescues structural and functional defects observed in Lmod2-KO mice, extending their lifespan to adulthood. Thus, to our knowledge, Lmod2 is the first identified mammalian protein that functions to elongate actin filaments in the heart; it is essential for cardiac thin filaments to reach a mature length and is required for efficient contractile force and proper heart function during development.


The cross section for double charge transfer in H/sup +/-H /sup -/ collisions has been measured, using merged beams, over the energy range 30-200 eV. The cross section shows an oscillatory behaviour. A semiclassical calculation has been completed, the results of which show the same behaviour but overestimate the magnitude of the cross section.


We study D≥4 ‐dimensional half‐maximal flux backgrounds using exceptional field theory. We define the relevant generalised structures and also find the integrability conditions which give warped half‐maximal MinkowskiD and AdSD vacua. We then show how to obtain consistent truncations of type II / 11‐dimensional SUGRA which break half the supersymmetry. Such truncations can be defined on backgrounds admitting exceptional generalised SO (d−1−N) structures, where d=11−D , and N is the number of vector multiplets obtained in the lower‐dimensional theory. Our procedure yields the most general embedding tensors satisfying the linear constraint of half‐maximal gauged SUGRA. We use this to prove that all D≥4 half‐maximal warped AdSD and MinkowskiD vacua of type II / 11‐dimensional SUGRA admit a consistent truncation keeping only the gravitational supermultiplet. We also show to obtain heterotic double field theory from exceptional field theory and comment on the M‐theory / heterotic duality. In five dimensions, we find a new SO(5, N) double field theory with a (6+N) ‐dimensional extended space. Its section condition has one solution corresponding to 10‐dimensional N=1 supergravity and another yielding six‐dimensional N=(2,0) SUGRA.


Structural and magnetic properties of the interstitial (Er1−xRx)2Fe17Ny compounds with R=Y and Gd, x=0, 0.1, 0.25, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.75, and 1.0, 2<y<3, have been investigated. All the parent compounds crystallize in the Th2Ni17‐type structure, except for Gd2Fe17 which crystallizes in the Th2Zn17‐structure. All nitrides preserve the same structure as the parents. Introduction of nitrogen results in an increase in lattice constants a and c, and the expansion of unit‐cell volume is about 6%. The Curie temperature was found to increase distinctly after nitrogenation. Nitrogen absorption leads to an increase in saturation magnetization, the values of the saturation magnetization increase monotonically with increasing Y or Gd concentration. Nitrogenation increases the uniaxial anisotropy of the Er sublattice, and causes a spin reorientation. The Y and Gd concentration dependencies of the spin reorientation temperature Tsr exhibit maxima. The tentative spin phase diagrams are presented.


Qualitatively evaluating hydrocarbon source rocks by means of hydrocarbon generation dynamics is the latest way developed in recent years.A new method for the quantitative assessment of source rocks by means of the chemical reaction Kinetics is developed gradually over the recent years.In this paper,the characteristics of hydrocarbon generation of KerogenⅠandⅡare studied,and the kinetics parameters of hydrocarbon generation are determined and calibrated in open-system with thermal simulating experiment.The activate energy values of KerogenⅠandⅡrange from 230 to 276kJ·mol-1 and from 234 to 276kJ·mol-1 respectively.The kinetics parameters then are extrapolated to geological condition by using the special kinetics software.The result shows that the main hydrocarbon-generation periods for Kerogen I is from 130℃ to 180℃(Ro between 0.80% and 1.63%),while the main hydrocarbon-generation periods are from 141℃ to 177℃(Ro between 0.92% and 1.56%)for KerogenⅡ.Kinetics of hydrocarbon generation can make experimental data better extrapolate to geological process,thus there is broad prospective in assessment and exploration of source rock.


Spinocerebellar ataxia 2 (SCA2) is one form of the neurodegenerative autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxias and has been linked to chromosome 12q in 25 previously described and 13 new families from a founder collective of {ge}500 patients in Holguin, Cuba. Although SCA2 in most patients cannot be distinguished from other spinocerebellar ataxias by clinical criteria, in some patients it exhibits a particular phenotype with early neuropathy/late slow saccades and late myoclonus. Autopsy in 11 patients demonstrated olivo-ponto-cerebellar atrophy with a selective sparing of the dentate nucleus. Complete allelic association within the Holguin population was established with the microsatellite D12S105, and the candidate region was determined to be within a 6-cM region distal to the marker D12S84, contrasting previous reports by Pulst and Lopes-Cendes and according to preliminary data between D12S84 and D12S1329. 17 refs., 1 fig., 1 tab.


Three cultivars of strawberry, Darselect, Tudler and Cartuno, were subjected to different water stress treatments. A slight water stress resulted in a moderate increase in MDA (malonaldehydric acid), O_2~(-) (superoxide ionic free radical) generation and RMP (relative membrane permeability) in the foliar cells. The enzymatic activities of the membrane protection system were strengthened to some degree. In moderate and severe water stress, the activities of SOD, POD and CAT, with the exception of CAT in Darselect, dropped rapidly in all the cultivars studied, thus leading to the imbalance between the generation and elimination of active oxygen, the rapid accumulation of O_2~(-), and the enhancement of membranous lipid peroxidation and MDA content. These effects, in turn, reduced membrane stability and ultimately led to the damage to the membrane and increased RMP. This mechanism is thought to be the principal cause for strawberry injury under water stress. Water stress caused most severe damage to Cartuno, followed in sequence by Tudler and Darselect.


10–13 July 2006, Perth, Australia HERDSA 2006. International Conference of the Higher Education Research and Development Society of Australasia. Theme: 'Critical visions: thinking, learning and researching in higher education'. Contact: HERDSA 2006 Conference, M400, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Nedlands, WA 6009, Western Australia. Tel: +61 8 6488 1427. Fax: +61 8 6488 1156. E-mail: events. email@example.com. Website: http://conference.herdsa.org.au.


This book focuses on the concept of virtue, and in particular on the virtue of wisdom or knowledge, as it is found in the epic poems of Homer, some tragedies of Sophocles, selected writings of Plato, Aristotle, and the Stoic and Epicurean philosophers. The key questions discussed are the nature of the virtues, their relation to each other, and the relation between the virtues and happiness or well-being. There has been renewed interest recently in the concept of virtue. The value of William Prior's book is that it provides the background and interpretive framework to make classical works on ethics, such as Plato's "Republic" and Aristotle's "Nicomachean Ethics", accessible to readers with no training in the classics.


SUMMARY

Moment tensor inversion of early XX century mechanical seismograph recordings offers the opportunity to estimate source parameters for a number of important earthquakes. This knowledge is crucial for understanding regional tectonics and estimating seismic hazard; but processing of the historical seismograms is often difficult. Especially, the rotation of horizontal seismograms into radial (P–SV) and transverse (SH) components tends to fail; for example, if one polarity is wrong, if the alignment of the seismograms is not correct, or if one component is lost. To avoid these kind of problems, we use a moment-tensor-inversion scheme that processes the original single-component horizontal traces without rotation, and rotates the theoretical Green's functions instead. We show how this approach simplifies the analysis, and allows a better use of available data. We present moment tensor solutions for two destructive earthquakes in southwestern Europe in 1909. The April 23 earthquake near Benavente in the lower Tagus valley (Portugal) had a moment magnitude MW= 6.0 and an estimated centroid depth of 10 km. Our preferred moment tensor solution indicates reverse faulting (nodal planes have strike/dip/rake of N51°E/52°/83° and N242°E/38°/99°). We propose a blind thrust beneath the Tagus valley sediment basin as the responsible fault. The June 11 earthquake near Lambesc, Provence (France) was found to be slightly smaller (MW= 5.5) and related to oblique reverse faulting at 4-km depth. Nodal planes of the preferred solution have strike/dip/rake of N80°E/53°/53° and N311°E/50°/128°, subparallel to the Trevaresse fold.


In 2003 the International Conflict Resolution Centre at the University of Melbourne, Australia, produced a primary school teaching manual for UNESCO Vietnam in consultation with ASP schoolteachers and principals. The finished manual included lessons plans and materials for a five year, 50 lesson peace education course. The Manual is one of the first examples of a systematic core national curriculum in peace education worldwide. Development of the Teaching Manual posed a number of challenges including differences in language, culture, government and education system. To meet these challenges, a Participatory Action Research approach was central in the project's development and curriculum design. This case study is offered as a model for effective cross-cultural curriculum development of peace education materials. In particular, the creation of a systematic core course in peace education and the use of UNESCO's peace keys are outlined as innovative aspects of the project.


From the view of security of Office Automation System,this paper introduces the Role-Based Access Control(RBAC) model.As a result of analyzing the properties and security requirements of office automation system,a role-based security scheme is proposed.


This work applies additive manufacturing technology to fabricate bi-dimensional lightweight composite anepectic meshes capable of demonstrating auxetic properties (negative Poisson's ratio (NPR)) in combination with negative thermal expansion (NTE) behaviour, using as constituent materials polymers that do not exhibit NTE behaviour. Each mesh, obtained from varying either the material combination or the design parameter, was tested on a heated silicone bath to study the effects of the different combinations on the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE). Photographs were taken at different stages during the heating process and were analysed to determine the CTE of each mesh. It was found that all composite meshes studied demonstrated a successful combination of NPR and NTE behaviours, and it was revealed that there is a possibility to tailor the meshes to activate the NTE behaviour within a chosen range of temperatures. For an extreme case, a Poisson's ratio of −0.06, along with a CTE of −1568  10 (oC) has been achieved. These meshes may be applied to structures and equipment in which the disparity in thermal stress has be carefully managed to extend the life of the device, and also to produce biomedical devices such as stents, surgical hernia meshes (SHM), compression garments and others, with many advantages over current designs, namely the ability to counteract any relaxation effects resulting from increases in the service temperature.


(75) Inventors: Shermann Loyal Min, 77 Paloma Ave Gerard Quinn" An Architecture for Efficient Document Clus #203 Pacifica, CA (US) 94.044: tering and Retrieval on a Dynamic Collection of Newspaper Constantin Lorenzo Tanno, San Texts 1998. Francisco, CA (US); Zachary Frank * cited by examiner Mainen, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (US); William Russell Softky, Menlo Park, Primary Examiner—Charles Rones CA (US) ASSistant Examiner-Yicun Wu (74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Lumen Intellectual (73) Assignee: Shermann Loyal Min, Foster City, CA Property Services, Inc. (US) (57) ABSTRACT


Our society depend on embedded and ubiquitous computingand the reliability of embedded software becomesmore and more important. We have conducted a five yearsproject with industries to develop software for realizinghighly reliable embedded systems. We have tackled reliabilityissues from the following aspects. 1)Design environment:we have developed a UML design verification tool thatapply model checking techniques to improve the designquality of application software. 2)Operating environment:we have developed operating system supports that realizemultiple execution of real-time operating systems andalso developed operating systems with enhanced resourcemanagement. Both technologies contribute the realizationof robust run-time environment. 3) Real-time environment:we have developed real-time garbage collection techniquesfor Jave. They prevent the suspension of applications thatviolates the correct behavior of real-time applications. Also,they reduce the effort of application programmers to avoidgarbage-collection during important execution timing. Wehave obtained fruitful results from these three researchthemes, and some of them are actually used in industries.Furthermore, we have integrated the results to make synergeticeffect of them. In order to demonstrate the effectiveness,we have conduct an experiment. In this paper, we introducethe project and its results.


This paper does a study of takhrij al-hadis on the hadith which speaks about the suggestion of wearing white. With a focus on heritage studies, the author traces all the traditions of the Prophet in the al-kutub al-tis'ah (nine main books of hadis). In understanding the hadith, this paper specifically examines ma'ani al-hadis with an ethical approach as well as intertextuality data analysis. Thus, it was found that the recommended traditions of white dress were considered valid and could be used as evidence, because they had fulfilled the requirements and rules of the hadith. As for the understanding of the hadith, besides the white clothes the Prophet strongly recommends that the editorial form is qauly (sayings), this color also contains a more sacred and better ethical value so that it requires those who wear it to behave and have personality according to the values contained in white that - good, clean, and holy.


The present invention discloses a multifunctional material wear test device for analyzing wear, includes a frame, adjustable speed power system, spindle positioning means comprises a variable speed motor and drive power system, said governor group Q total power system, fixed to the chassis, Q is a natural number, Q ≥ 1; the total of group Q spindle positioning means and with said one-speed power system, the positioning mechanism comprises a positioning spindle mechanism with a main shaft connected to a lower end of said motor through a coupling; the multifunction abrasion tester further comprises a reciprocating wear module group R, S group pins wear disk modules, T-block set of rings worn modules, R, S, T are integers, R≥0, S≥0, T≥0, and R + S + T = Q. Each module of the present invention can be used manually removable, greatly reducing the volume of the machine for easy interfacing between the module, only the desired processing module in the processing and use, the cost is greatly reduced.


The rural development strategies in India made remarkable achievements in the long saga of social and economic welfare of people living in rural India. Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) is considered as a vibrating force for eradicating rural poverty and unemployment, by way of generating demand for productive labour force in villages. It provides an alternative source of livelihood which will have an impact on reducing migration, alleviating poverty, and making villages selfsustaining through productive assets creation such as road construction, soil and water conservation, etc. For which, it has been considered as the largest anti-poverty programme in India. In this paper, an attempt has been made to comprehensively understand the livelihood strategies though rural employment generation. The researcher used qualitative research methodologies to obtain information pertaining to the study through the Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) and Key Informant Interviews (KIIs). The study revealed that MGNREGAS generating demand for productive labour force in Indian villages. It provides an alternative source of livelihood which will have an impact on, alleviating poverty, and making villages self-sustaining through productive assets creation under social and physical infrastructure facilities. The study also found that there is a much scope for inclusive development of the social groups. To sum up, it is observed that, the scheme played a vibrant role as a safety net for the unemployed youths in the study area.


Social media related to the development of social networks have been increasingly becoming the subject of scientific research in recent years. The focus of this study is the social network Instagram as an Internet communication platform for party leaders and the population. The object of the study is the consideration of the Instagram social network as the main social media in the system of Internet communication in the field of modern Russian politics. The subject of the study is identifying the features of news content on the Instagram accounts of the leaders of the regional parliament factions and regional branches of the political parties in Kuzbass. The purpose of the study is to analyze the features of news content on the Instagram accounts of the leaders of the regional parliament factions and regional branches of political parties as a means of Internet communication with the population in Kuzbass. The methodology of the study is based on M. Castells1 network approach, as well as systemic and comparative approaches. To analyze the types and sentiments of online posts and comments of the political party leaders in Kuzbass the author applied the method of qualitative and quantitative content analysis. The study follows concepts of foreign and Russian researchers: in theoretical and methodological aspects, a significant contribution to the studying of Internet communications was made by representatives of the industrial society theory (D. Bell, M. McLuhan, M. Castells), mass communication theory (H. Blumer, N. Postman, 巳. Skinner, G. Gerbner and others), as well as Russian scientists G. L. Akopov, I. A. Bykov, and S. V. Volodenkov. The author notes that the works of contemporary experts focus, to a greater extent, on conducting regional studies on social networks. It was found that there are fundamental differences between the content in social accounts of the political party leaders and the governor of Kuzbass. It is shown that, unlike the governor's account, where users can ask their urgent questions in the comments and receive answers, the content of the party leaders is more entertaining. The posts of politicians representing political parties are not opinion exchange platforms and are not aimed at solving topical social and economic issues. The main task of comments in the posts of party leaders is to maintain interest in their persons (by posting personality-focused content), rather than in the professional political activities of a politician.


Kenneth Moore, David Wilcox, Britt Anderson and Robert Orth The Virginia Institute of Marine Science School of Marine Science, College of William and Mary Gloucester Point, Virginia 23062 Special Report No. 383 in Applied Marine Science and Ocean Engineering Funded by: Environmental Protection Agency Chesapeake Bay Program Annapolis, MD 21401 Assistance ID No. CB983501-01-2 April 2003


Chitin nanofibers may be of interest as a component for nanocomposites. Composite nanofibers are therefore isolated from crab shells in order to characterize structure and analyze property potentia ...


tag=1 data=Toxic waste incinerator at Corowa. by Greg Hoy, Quentin Dempster.

tag=2 data=Hoy, Greg%Dempster, Quentin

tag=3 data=7.30 Report

tag=6 data=17 October 1990

tag=7 data=5

tag=8 data=WASTE DISPOSAL

tag=9 data=HIGH TEMPERATURE INCINERATOR

tag=10 data=Transcript: The text book says intractable wastes are dangerous industrial by-products for which there is no environmentally acceptable means of disposal. Provided by MICAH, Canberra.

tag=11 data=1990/2/12

tag=12 data=595

tag=13 data=CAB


A modeling method for analyzing the security of urban rail transit system based on Petri net was presented,then it was used to the vehicle security modeling.In the model,urban mass transit vehicle system was divided into three object-faced processing sets that connected by message database.In that way,the constructing security model was composed.


The waterfront projects are momentously gaining its concept of development in the Malaysian construction industry recently. By critically synthesizing the existing research on the waterfront projects, it can be seen that issues related to modernization, revitalization and rehabilitation have been studied rigorously. However, there is still insufficient study on the contributing factors and resulting impacts. This study is imperative as it will influent the performance and the growth of the waterfront projects in Malaysia. This research aims to identify the factors contributing to the implementation of waterfront projects in Malaysia. It also intends to identify the impacts resulting from the implementation of waterfront projects in Malaysia. Besides, the other objective of the research is to identify the relationship between the contributing factors and the resulting impacts from the implementation of waterfront projects in Malaysia. The mixed method approach has been used in carrying out this research. In the quantitative approach, questionnaire surveys have been distributed among the G7 contractors within the state of Penang, Johor, Selangor and Kuala Lumpur (Wilayah Persekutuan). The total questionnaire varies from all the states based on the population of the contractors or the developer of G7 who were registered with Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB) as in January 2015 in which Penang, Johor, Kuala Lumpur and Selangor has a total registration of 308, 363, 1259 and 1168, respectively. The total feedbacks of the respondents based on each of the states were collected whereby Penang, Johor, Kuala Lumpur and Selangor has a total sets of returned


Fiber-reinforced composite laminates are used in many aerospace and automobile applications. The magnitudes and durations of the cure temperature and the cure pressure applied during the curing process have significant consequences for the performance of the finished product. The objective of this study is to exploit the potential of applying the optimization technique to the cure cycle design. Using the compression molding of a filled polyester Sheet Molding Compound (SMC) as an example, a unified Computer Aided Design (CAD) methodology, consisting of three uncoupled modules, (Le., Optimization, Analysis and Sensitivity Calculations), is developed to systematically generate optimal cure cycle designs. Various optimization formulations for the cure cycle design are investigated. The uniformities in the distributions of the temperature and the degree of cure within the specimen cured under the optimal cycles are compared with those resulting from conventional isothermal processing conditions with pre-warmed platens. Recommendations with regards to further research in the computerization of the cure cycle design are also addressed. *Portions of this work was presented as paper No. AIAA 87-0751-CP at the AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS 28th Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference, Monterey, California, April 6-8, 1987. Adjunct Assistant Professor, Associate Professor, and Graduate Research Assistant, respectively, ODU. 2Supervisor, Polymeric Materials Unit.


The two diastereoisomers of valofan were separated by semi-preparative HPLC. The preferred solution conformation of the two diastereoisomer was established by 1H-NMR spectroscopy. The spectra could be interpreted in confirgurational terms. The configuration of the more lipophilic isomer was ascertained bty X-ray crystallography as r-2-allophanoyl-2-allyl-t-4-methylbutyrolactone.


Nuclear fission is the breakup of an atomic nucleus into two (sometimes three) fragments, thereby releasing a large amount of energy. Soon after its discovery in the late 1930's, the gross properties of the fission phenomenon were explained by macroscopic nuclear models. Certain features however, such as asymmetric fission-fragment mass distributions in the actinide region, require the inclusion of microscopic effects. This interplay of the microscopic motion of individual nucleons on this macroscopic process is, until today, not yet fully understood. The phenomenon of fission has therefore been of recurring interest for both theoretical and experimental studies. This thesis work focusses on the β-delayed fission (βDF) process, an excellent tool to study low-energy fission of exotic nuclei, which was discovered in 1966 in the actinide region. In this two-step process, a precursor nucleus first undergoes β decay to an excited level in the daughter nucleus, which may subsequently fission. Recently, an unexpected asymmetric division of 180Hg nuclei was observed in a βDF study of 180Tl. This work presents the experimental investigation of βDF properties of 194,196At and 200,202Fr nuclei, also situated in this scarcely studied region (with respect to the fission process) of the nuclear chart. The experiments were performed at the ISOLDE facility in CERN (Geneva, Switzerland), where neutron-deficient francium (Fr) and astatine (At) isotopes are formed by bombarding a UCx target with energetic protons. A purified radioactive ion beam is created by element-selective ionization and subsequent mass separation. For francium, the surface ionization mode was employed, while resonant laser-ionization was used to ionize astatine. The beam was then implanted on one of ten thin carbon foils, mounted on a rotatable wheel. β-delayed fission fragments were recorded by silicon detectors placed on either side of this foil. Fission-fragment masses were extracted from the energy spectra employing mass and momentum conservation laws. A dedicated experimental


did Storch and his patients share our characteristic of gender and age. Both men and women could experience bleeding and it was the rhythm rather than the nature of the discharge which constituted womanhood. Similarly, regular cycles were not limited to women in their reproductive years. In Storch's casebooks there are many old women who still had menses. When Storch talks about gender differences he does so with relative not absolute categories; thus, Duden argues, 'gender was constructed only through diverse relationships to each other and to the environment, but could never be unambiguously fixed in one place.' This ambitious and exciting book manages to recreate the secret fears, sufferings and daily experiences of women and in so doing challenges some of our basic assumptions about biology, health, medicine, gender and generational differences. It is written in the very best tradition of feminist history in the way it transcends conventional boundaries of academic research and it questions many received ideas which have determined our view of women's physiological role in society. As such, it will surely become a classic for anybody interested in the history of medicine and in women's history.


Survey results of hazels natural resources in Lushuihe Forestry Bureau of Fusong County shows that their distribution are widly in Changbai Mountainous area with high development value. This paper gives a detailed discussion on introduction, wide cultivation, establishment and, breeding of fine hazels trees as fine economic crops with high economic value.


This research is aimed to find out the effectivity of content adaptation service in increasing communication skills. It is a quantitative research with experiment approach/ experiment designed used in this research is quasi experimental design in a form of non equivalent control grup design. The research was held in SMP Bunda Kandung and SMP Assaalam Jakarta, by using 42 students as research sample. The sample taken by using nonprobability sampling with sampling purposive technique. Research instrument used is likert scale about students comunication skill. The outcome or the result of the research presented in descriptive statistics analysis and statistics analysis of wilcoxon sign rank test by using SPSS 20 program for windows. We can draw a conclusion that content adaptation service is less able in increasing student communication skill


BACKGROUND Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), a potent proinflammatory damage-associated molecular pattern, is released in large titers following trauma. The effect of trauma surgery on mtDNA concentration is unknown. We hypothesized that mtDNA and nuclear DNA (nDNA) levels would increase proportionately with the magnitude of surgery and both would then decrease rapidly. METHODS In this prospective pilot, plasma was sampled from 35 trauma patients requiring orthopedic surgical intervention at six perioperative time points. Healthy control subjects (n = 20) were sampled. DNA was extracted, and the mtDNA and nDNA were assessed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Markers of cell necrosis were also assayed (creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, and aspartate aminotransferase). RESULTS The free plasma mtDNA and nDNA levels (ng/mL) were increased in trauma patients compared with healthy controls at all time points (mtDNA: preoperative period, 108 [46–284]; postoperative period, 96 [29–200]; 7 hours postoperatively, 88 [43–178]; 24 hours, 79 [36–172]; 3 days, 136 [65–263]; 5 days, 166 [101–434] [healthy controls, 11 (5–19)]) (nDNA: preoperative period, 52 [25–130]; postoperative period, 100 [35–208]; 7 hours postoperatively, 75 [36–139]; 24 hours postoperatively, 85 [47–133]; 3 days, 79 [48–117]; 5 days, 99 [41–154] [healthy controls, 29 (16–54)]). Elevated DNA levels did not correlate with markers of cellular necrosis. mtDNA was significantly elevated compared with nDNA at preoperative period (p = 0.003), 3 days (p = 0.003), and 5 days (p = 0.0014). Preoperative mtDNA levels were greater with shorter time from injury to surgery (p = 0.0085). Postoperative mtDNA level negatively correlated with intraoperative crystalloid infusion (p = 0.0017). Major pelvic surgery (vs. minor) was associated with greater mtDNA release 5 days postoperatively (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION This pilot of heterogeneous orthopedic trauma patients showed that the release of mtDNA and nDNA is sustained for 5 days following orthopedic trauma surgery. Postoperative, circulating DNA is not associated with markers of tissue necrosis but is associated with surgical invasiveness and is inversely related to intraoperative fluid administration. Sustained elevation of mtDNA levels could be of inflammatory origin and may contribute to postinjury dysfunctional inflammation. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Prospective study, level III.


The use of Euro along with EU membership has engendered some political, economic and social effects in all over the world as well as in European countries. The review of literature indicates that there are no much empirical studies specifically addressing the effects of Euro on the tourism industry. The purpose of this study is to explore how the introduction of Euro affects destination choice of the EU-citizens; and to argue, in this context, the extent to which it provides advantages or disadvantages to visit member and/or non-member countries. As the study is a kind of qualitative research, we conducted a survey containing several openended questions among those who were citizens of the EU-member countries and visiting Turkey in August 2004. Findings show that EU membership and thereby the use of Euro do not directly affect destination preferences of the selected EU-citizens, and have negative effects, such as rising cost of living, while the use of standard currency unit provides advantages such as the ease of travelling procedures. The paper also provides a brief discussion of practical implications for European countries.


By searching the title, publisher, or authors of guide you really want, you can discover them rapidly. In the house, workplace, or perhaps in your method can be every best area within net connections. If you endeavor to download and install the bloodstain pattern analysis with an introduction to crime scene reconstruction third edition practical aspects of criminal and forensic investigations, it is extremely simple then, in the past currently we extend the associate to buy and create bargains to download and install bloodstain pattern analysis with an introduction to crime scene reconstruction third edition practical aspects of criminal and forensic investigations in view of that simple!


This paper is based on a literature study that aims to examine the relevance and implementation of Islamic politics in the political arena of Indonesia, the majority of which are Muslims. The results of the study concluded that in the era of 70s emerged ??Nurcholish Madjid's idea that "Islam YES, Islamic party NO" and it had established a new awareness for Muslims on the desired goal which is not idealism about the establishment of an Islamic State, but a just and prosperous society. Islam is no longer seen as a symbolic structure, but rather the spirit of values ??that are brought and developed in the life of the state. Efforts to articulate Islamic politics in Indonesia are important issues that need to be addressed to provide a possible synthesis between Islam and the State, therefore the study of Islamic political thought that is unique to Indonesia is not only attractive but urgent to do. In line with the conclusions above, it is expected that this paper can trigger students, especially those who choose the Department of Siyasah Jinayah so that Islamic political thought not only be a mere discourse but should be more focused on the aspect of its implementation to move towards a more advanced Indonesia.


An efficient semantic-based matching algorithm named multi-dimension index and counting(MIC) algorithm was proposed for publish/subscribe systems based on the ontology models of publication and subscription.Publication and subscription was represented as resource description framework(RDF) graph and RDF graph patterns.The algorithm respectively uses multi-dimension Hash tables and binary sorted tree to index the concept class constraints of arc and vertex pairs and the predicate condition constraints of subscription graph patterns according to the characteristics of RDF graph patterns.Then the algorithm can speed up the matching of arc and vertex pairs of subscription graph patterns.The algorithm also exploits the covering relationship of predicate constraints and class concept constraints between subscriptions to eliminate unnecessary redundant matching complexity.Experimental results show that the MIC algorithm outperforms former algorithms and satisfies the requirement of large scale publish/subscribe applications in efficiency.


This study revises the lithostratigraphic units from Ganzhai Section,Pingtang County,Guizhou Province and subdivides the Permian of this section into 6 formations from bottom up according to the results of regionally lithostratigraphic liquidation as:Maping Fm.,Liangshan Fm.,Qixia Fm.,Maokou Fm.,Heshan Fm.and Dalong Fm.Unusually diverse fossil assemblages of Permian from Ganzhai section,and 60 fusulinacean species belonging to 17 genera are found from this section,nine fusulinid zones have been recognized according to the changes of components of the fusulinid.Chronostratigraphic subdivision of this section is discussed by comparing these fossil zones with the contemporary ones from adjacent area and other places in the world,using 8 stages belonging to 3 Series of the Permian.On the international geological time scale it is proved that the Maping Fm.is a diachronous unit which belongs to the Upper Carboniferous—Lower Permian.The Maokou Fm.is also diachronic,and this section is conjectured to lack the strata of the Longlinian Stage according to the output of fusulinid fossils.We also discuss the P/T boundary according to the conodont and ammonite fossils from the top of the section.


The objective implementation of the new curriculum is considered.A strategy of realizing physics teaching objective is introduced,which focuses on providing the students with physics history knowledge in physics teaching.


With the start of current century, Business Intelligence (BI) has become an important and emerging tool, technique and technology in business world. Organizations of all types across the globe are adopting BI for promoting business and getting advantage over competitors. Business Intelligence is the processes, technologies, and tools that help organizations to change the data into information, information into knowledge and knowledge into plans that guide for better and effective decision making. A Business Intelligence Competency Center (BICC) is an eternal legal unit with an organization, which encompasses dedicated members from both IT and business divisions. The major reasons behind establishment of BICC are to ensure the adoption of BI at different levels of the organization by all stakeholders and to provide a platform to maintain and standardized the overall BI application. Responsibilities of BICC include defining and managing the execution of the organization's BI strategy. Moreover success of BI application within an organization can also be ensured through BICC. In this paper, we have reviewed and analyzed BI implementations having BICC versus BI executions having no concept of BICC. This study can also be used for future works like building Business Intelligence Competency Centers and/or measuring impact of Business Intelligence Competency Centers in success/failure of BI applications.


[1] Several fundamental but important factors controlling the feedback of boreal organic carbon (OC) to climate change were examined using a mechanistic model of soil OC dynamics, including the combined effects of temperature and moisture on the decomposition of OC and the factors controlling carbon quality and decomposition with depth. To estimate decomposition rates and evaluate their variations with depth, the model was inverted using a global optimization algorithm. Three sites with different drainage conditions that represent a broad diversity of boreal black spruce ecosystems were modeled. The comparison among the models with different depth patterns of decomposition rates (i.e., constant, linear, and exponential decrease) revealed that the model with constant inherent decomposition rates through the soil profile was able to fit the observed data in the most efficient way. There were also lower turnover times in the wettest site compared to the drier site even after accounting for moisture and temperature differences. Taken together, these results indicate that decomposition (especially for the wetter site) was not accurately represented with standard moisture and temperature controls and that other important protection mechanisms (e.g., limitation of O2, redox conditions, and permafrost) rather than low inherent decomposition rates are responsible for the recalcitrance of deep OC. The simulation results also showed that most of the soil CO2 efflux is generated from subsurface layers of OC because of the large OC stocks and optimal moisture conditions, suggesting that these deeper soil OC stocks are likely to be critically important to the future carbon dynamics.


The article proposes a way to determine the position of the crew of the tape recorder using the method of rangefinder. The basis of the developed idea is the use of emitters with which you can register the rotational movements of the crew (pitch and dredging), as well as to register the roll. According to the results of the research, the following is substantiated: phase rangefinder with one emitter on the crew platform allows to determine the position of the crew on the race, its displacement in the horizontal plane relative to the longitudinal axis of the track structure and the height of the suspension between the crew bottom and three rotational movements (pitch, digging and roll). The novelty of the work is to substantiate the method of continuous positioning of high-speed magnetic levitation vehicle on 6 degrees of freedom based on phase rangefinder for arbitrary configuration in three-dimensional space of a fixed overpass and the integrity of the navigation system. The considered method of navigation is intended for use in high-speed transport ground systems on a magnetic suspension, the organization of the automated control of movement of wheeled transport on local platforms of industrial function, the organization of high-speed small-scale municipal transport of individual use.


Purpose
This paper aims to test TV sponsorship bumper effects, for the same brand, on 30-s TV spot advertising.

Design/methodology/approach
An experimental study tests sponsorship bumpers and 30-s TV spot ads for eight brands, four familiar and four unfamiliar, using realistic stimuli and a sample representative of the US population.

Findings
Sponsorship boosts ad effectiveness and is measured by ad awareness and ad liking. Both effects were stronger for unfamiliar brands.

Research limitations/implications
The results show that combining sponsorship with spot advertising has an additive effect. The study design did not allow tests for potential synergy (multiplicative) effects.

Practical implications
Advertisers can use the results to evaluate investing in sponsorship and advertising packages, which can help unfamiliar brands achieve familiar brand awareness.

Originality/value
To the authors' knowledge, this is the first study to compare the effectiveness of sponsorship-boosted ads with sponsorship bumpers alone and with TV spot ads.


We focus on a composition model for services, which are composed of pre-programmed service components represented as Java classes. A common formal basis for representing the semantics of dynamic composition of services from service components is presented. We propose a logic and a specification language that enable us to reason about and deploy service components automatically. The proposed composition model uses a logical proof as witness for the correct deployment of service components in the context of their use. The composition model has been implemented in Java as an environment for dynamic composition of services. We illustrate the proposed composition method on an example of composition of a service.


Anthozoans exhibit great plasticity in their responses to stressful conditions, including decreasing individual size, detaching from the substratum and relocating, and releasing endosymbiotic microalgae. Another response to stress used by some colonial anthozoans is polyp bailout, in which the coenenchyme breaks down and individual polyps detach from the colony. We observed polyp bailout in the common Caribbean gorgonian Eunicea flexuosa after 8 h of aerial exposure. After 9 days, 28% of bailed-out polyps reattached, although none opened to resume feeding. Polyp bailout is a costly and high-risk escape response, but reattachment indicates that this can be a genet-saving behavior in cases where whole-colony mortality is likely. While it has been described in two octocorals, several species of scleractinians, and one black coral, we still do not know how widespread this behavior is in anthozoans.


Let [Formula: see text] be a group. The enhanced power graph of [Formula: see text] is a graph with vertex set [Formula: see text] and two distinct vertices [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are adjacent if there exists [Formula: see text] such that [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] for some [Formula: see text]. Also, a vertex of a graph is called dominating vertex if it is adjacent to every other vertex of the vertex set. Moreover, an enhanced power graph is said to be a dominatable graph if it has a dominating vertex other than the identity element. In an article of 2018, Bera and his coauthor characterized all abelian finite groups and nonabelian finite [Formula: see text]-groups such that their enhanced power graphs are dominatable (see [2]). In addition as an open problem, they suggested characterizing all finite nonabelian groups such that their enhanced power graphs are dominatable. In this paper, we try to answer their question. We prove that the enhanced power graph of finite group [Formula: see text] is dominatable if and only if there is a prime number [Formula: see text] such that [Formula: see text] and the Sylow [Formula: see text]-subgroups of [Formula: see text] are isomorphic to either a cyclic group or a generalized quaternion group.


Jatropha biofuel is an excellent candidate for an alternative renewable and clean energy source. However, an increasing number of countries and investors are losing interest in J. curcas mainly because of the challenges they encountered caused by ineffective organization and coordination of the entire supply chains. For this purpose, a time varying input-output model with stochastic extension had been presented which can be used to simulate the supply chain dynamics of J. curcas biofuel. The model incorporates various extensions to the basic Leontief input-output model. First, the technology matrix is not required to be square, removing the limitation of sector to sector mapping and paving way for additional products and resource flow. Second, the production level at the next-time-stage adjust itself based on the difference between the desired and actual production level at the current time weighed by the behavioral responses and information flows among sectors. Third, any undesirable dynamics of the supply chain may be corrected by assigning appropriate values of the control matrix. Finally, a Gaussian stochastic parameter had been added to the equation to simulate uncontrolled changes in the production capacity which may be brought up by natural calamities and market instabilities. Numerical simulations of two-sector case studies having behavior matrix patterned after the broad interactions between various sectorial agents were able to replicate the general trends of J. curcas biodiesel supply chain. The coefficients of the control matrix used to eliminate oscillatory dynamics of the system made physical suggestions that are strikingly similar to the ones made by some researchers in the field. With the incorporation of stochastic extension, the model was able to make predictions about the relative extent on how different streams will be affected by sudden random changes that are brought into the system.


International arbitration implicates complex relationships between the law of the place of arbitration and the law of the country where the parties' assets are located. The interaction of these legal orders has been highlighted by cases recognizing foreign awards notwithstanding their vacatur at the arbitral situs. The author examines the extent to which enforcement of vacated awards comports with the parties' expectations and arbitration's treaty framework. This Article suggests that the United States enact a statute clarifying the role and scope of federal judicial supervision of international commercial arbitration.


This paper is aimed at extending the H-infinity Bounded Real Lemma to stochastic systems under random disturbances with imprecisely known probability distributions. The statistical uncertainty is measured in entropy theoretic terms using the mean anisotropy functional. The disturbance attenuation capabilities of the system are quantified by the anisotropic norm which is a stochastic counterpart of the H-infinity norm. A state-space sufficient criterion for the anisotropic norm of a linear discrete time invariant system to be bounded by a given threshold value is derived. The resulting Strict Anisotropic Norm Bounded Real Lemma involves an inequality on the determinant of a positive definite matrix and a linear matrix inequality. It is shown that slight reformulation of these conditions allows the anisotropic norm of a system to be efficiently computed via convex optimization.


The present invention relates to a switching signal for a direct conversion transmitter and a receiver mixer, using the local oscillation signal phase shift of four orthogonal to each other is controlled to output a plurality of orthogonal to each other. Two mutually orthogonal output signals without mutual interference and with a small signal gain of advance. In addition, the mixer may include four or eight local oscillation signal by four mutually orthogonal control switch, an output signal on the I-Q orthogonal to each other in FIG. Mismatch and a DC component is removed from the four phase-shifted local oscillation signal to control the switching output of the I-Q, thereby improving the IP2 characteristic.


Human resources possess a very important role in the production of sanitary services and in the exercise of efficient health policy. The working factor is the dominant surge of health systems, because they are systems of work intensity. The particularity and the complexity of sanitary sector, requires varied educated and trained human staff, in order to correspond to the criteria of efficient and effective use of financial resources and to the satisfaction of the demand for health services. This wide spectrum of specialties, high of knowledge and capabilities, is mainly constituted by doctors of various specialties and specializations, dentists, pharmacists, nurses, paramedic, administrative and special technical personnel, managers, economists and PC programmers. The development of human resources in Greece though, has been unorganized. That is because no central national planning has been materialized, nor any drawn policies that connect the health care system with the education system and counterbalance the offer of human resources with the demand of health services. It is observed an excessive supply of specialized doctors and at the same time an unequal geographic distribution of them, as well as, a lack of educated nursing staff and specialized administrative personnel. So a suitable planning of human potential is absent. Moreover there are problems in the development of primary health care and in the general medicine, as well as, weakness in the education system of health professions. Investments are imperative for the increase of the number of general doctors and nurses, for the development of primary health care, for the rearrangement of the health care education system, as well as, for the increase of employment for certain specialized categories of health professionals. Programming, planning, organization, administration and also equitable management are needed in order to find the necessary solutions for the problems of human resources in the health system.


Murphy RM. Enhanced technique to measure proteins in single segments of human skeletal muscle fibers: fiber-type dependence of AMPK1 and 1. J Appl Physiol 110: 820–825, 2011. First published November 18, 2010; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.01082.2010.— Human physiological studies typically use skeletal muscle biopsies from the heterogeneous vastus lateralis muscle comprised of both fast-twitch and slow-twitch fiber types. It is likely that potential changes of physiological importance are overlooked because fibertype specific responses may not be apparent in the whole muscle preparation. A technological advance in Western blotting is presented where proteins are analyzed in just one small segment ( 2 mm) of individual fibers dissected from freeze-dried muscle samples using standard laboratory equipment. A significant advance is being able to classify every fiber at the level of both contractile (myosin heavy chain and tropomyosin) and sarcoplasmic reticulum [sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca -ATPase type 1] properties and then being able to measure specific proteins in the very same segments. This removes the need to fiber type segments before further analyses and, as such, dramatically reduces the time required for sample collection. Compared with slow-twitch fibers, there was less AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)1 ( 25%) and AMPK1 ( 60%) in fast-twitch fibers from human skeletal muscle biopsies.


The article proposes an original concept of language crimes as a subcategory of criminal acts in Polish criminal law and in criminal law systems of other countries. Focus is placed on their characteristics as the criteria for distinguishing them from other types of crimes, on relations between them as constructions of legal culture and other elements of culture, in particular language. In addition, three fundamental research perspectives for these crimes are proposed: they can be carried out as comparative ethnolinguistic research: the temporal perspective, the territorial perspective, and the "law in action" perspective. The latter derives from the achievements of a realistic legal school, which denies the significance of a static "law in texts".


Bromoacetate and iodoacetate have been found to be strongly inhibitory to the activity of papain at pH 5 even in the presence of excess cysteine; the activity of the enzyme for the hydrolysis of benzoyl arginine amide, leucinamide or haemoglobin was completely suppressed when the molar ratio of inhibitor/enzyme reached 0.5. The content of sulphydryl groups of the enzyme was not changed after the inhibition by bromoacetate have reached completion under these conditions. Papain thus carboxymethylated can still be crystallized like the unmodified enzyme.The rate of reaction between bromoacetate and papain was greatly lowered in 6 M urea; both the substrate, leucinamide, and the inhibitor p-chloromercuri-benzoate, were effective in the protection of the enzyme against the action of bromoacetate. It appears therefore, that the ability of papain to react with bromoacetate is closely related to the catalytic activity of the enzyme, and bromoacetate acts, most probably, at the active site of the enzyme.The amino acid compositions of papain, carboxymethyl papain, ribonuclease, carboxymethylribonuclease prepared according to Gundlach et al., have been analyzed by two-dimensional paper electrophoresis-paper chromatography and compared with S-carboxymethyl cysteine and Im-carboxymethyl histidine. The results showed that histidine but not cysteine was the point of attack by bromoacetate at the active site of papain under the above conditions.


Engaged with a discipline built on music, participant-observation, and fieldwork, ethnomusicologists position the experience of music and culture as a lens for studying the social creation of meaning. Ethnomusicologists' methodologies (e.g., approaches to fieldwork, analysis, and ethnography) are collaborative social acts and defining elements of the discipline. Yet in the second edition of Shadows in the Field, a foundational reader on ethnomusicological field research, Bruno Nettl laments that "most of our literature treats these matters at best as an essential step toward whatwe are trying to find out and not as a central activity" (2008:viii). While increasing numbers of ethnomusicologists are engaging fieldwork and its theories as objects of inquiry, this area would benefit from still greater scholarly attention. In this article, we explore the methodological implications of collaborative fieldwork by analysing what happens when ethnomusicologists deliberately go into the field together.


The new rules SNI 03-1726-2002 to become SNI 03-
1726-2012 making a difference in the design of MNC Tower . The
design of MNC Tower needs to re-evaluated using SNI-03-1726-
2012 the result between the old and the rules ,among the
differences in the value area of earthquake acceleration response
spectrum into 15 area of spectrum from 6 area of spectrum then
in SNI 03-1726-2002 accounted for only a short period seismic
acceleration compared to SNI 03-1726-2012 which takes into
account the short period and the period of one second.The
increase in the value of R for SRPMK system will change the
acceleration response of the earthquake and resulting differences
in the design of the period of resistance to the building structure.
Content difference in SNI 03-1726-2002 with SNI 03-
1726-2012 became the main focus of this thesis which determine
the feasibility of building in the earthquake load renewable
accept used pushover analysis based on the performance based
design that essentially looking for the capacity of a building
structure. Regulation pushover analysis taking reference from
ATC 40 (Seismic Evaluation and Retrofit of Concrete Buildings,
iv
Redwood City, California, USA) and using SAP2000 assistance
in evaluating MNC Tower. Strengthening of structures required if
the structure has failed in some element.


A) a first resin component comprising polyaryl ether ketone, polyaryl ketone, polyether ketone, polyether ether ketone, or a combination of two or more thereof; and b) a second resin component comprising a specific type of copolycarbonate, wherein the mixture has two or more glass transition temperatures, as measured by ASTM Method D5418, and the first glass transition temperature is 120 Lt; 0 > C to 160 C and a second glass transition temperature is 170 to 280 C. The compositions have improved properties at elevated temperatures, such as improved load bearing capability, improved impact strength, and higher crystallization temperatures.


A tumoral mass at the clivus is uncommon and its differential diagnosis presents a challenge, since many different tumours may result in a similar radiological image. A chordoma is the most common of these tumours and represents 40% of all cases. Less common, in decreasing order of frequency, are meningiomas, astrocytoma, germinal cell tumours, lymphoma, metastases and, finally, pituitary adenoma (Wong et al. 1995). The last type of tumour is rarely found in this localisation and is called an ectopic pituitary adenoma, as almost all pituitary adenomas are detected in the sella turcica, where they originate from, and in the immediate suprasellar and parasellar region. Outside of these sites, pituitary adenomas can be detected as a result of extensive invasion of nearby structures, metastasis of a pituitary carcinoma, or an ectopic localisation. The majority of these ectopic primary adenomas are situated outside the blood-brain barrier and mostly in the sphenoid sinus (Tovi et al. 1990). An intact pituitary gland supports the diagnosis of ectopic pituitary tumour, although cases of ectopic pituitary tumour have been reported with involvement of the intrasellar pituitary. In this article, we present an unusual intracranial ectopic pituitary adenoma located in the clivus and mimicking a chordoma.


In this work, the applicability of the video correlation method proposed by the authors for measuring the velocity on the surface of a liquid metal in an electrovortex flow in a hemisphere is investigated. The method is based on calculating the cross-correlation of the brightness signals of two closely spaced points in the video. It is shown that the method allows quite simply determining the velocity of the liquid metal.


1Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA 2Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7907, USA 3Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA 4Department of Metals and Materials Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4


While Model Driven Engineering is gaining more industrial interest, scalability issues when managing large models have become a major problem in current modeling frameworks. Scalable model persistence has been achieved by using NoSQL backends for model storage, but existing modeling framework APIs have not evolved accordingly, limiting NoSQL query performance benefits. In this paper we present the Mogwaï, a scalable and efficient model query framework based on a direct translation of OCL queries to Gremlin, a query language supported by several NoSQL databases. Generated Gremlin expressions are computed inside the database itself, bypassing limitations of existing framework APIs and improving overall performance, as confirmed by our experimental results showing an improvement of execution time up to a factor of 20 and a reduction of the memory overhead up to a factor of 75 for large models.


Shape tuning of CdS nanocrystals (NCs) by controlled growth and stabilization by tetraoctyl ammonium bromide ligands in non-aqueous medium is thoroughly investigated in this report. CdS nanorods and nanospheres were synthesized by manipulating the addition rate of the sulfide precursor. A higher addition rate (10 mL min−1) of the precursor yields nanorods and a lower addition rate (1 mL min−1) of the precursor yields nanospheres whereas an addition rate (7 mL min−1) in between these two addition rate yields a mixture of nanorods and nanospheres. The investigation further revealed that an optimum concentration of stabilising agent decides the shape, whereas the precursor mole ratio does not play any significant role in shape tuning. The band edge and trap state emission of the NCs synthesized were analysed by time resolved emission studies.


The growth of e-commerce in world trade has been so rapid that the legal systems of states and societies have been unprepared for the challenges that have arisen. These problems were not only related to the protection of consumer rights in the electronic environment, but also other legal, ethical and taxing issues. This article analyzes the legal and taxing problems posed by e-commerce, the conditions under which they arise, and the legislative techniques provided for in EU legislation in relation to the solution of these problems. Key words: e-commerce, taxation problems, legal problems, European value added tax


The usefulness of quarterly earnings per share (EPS) data is subject to some debate.' Our intent in this paper is to extend empirical knowledge of current reporting in one sense. While we adopt a different approach from the previous studies, our results have implications regarding them, and for future research.2 Previous empirical research addresses the contribution of quarterly EPS to predictions of (1) annual EPS3 or (2) ex post rates of return on common stocks for oneto twelve-year horizons.4 The results appear anomalous.5 We chose a different empirical design, based upon a different though still restricted, view of informational content.


For the purpose of effective use of fly-ash, which is a by-product of thermal power generation, fly-ash is applied to the precasted concrete products which is substituted by a large amount of fly-ash in recent years. It is heated by the steam curing for the promotion of pozzolanic reaction of fly-ash in general. Since the chemical reactions "hydration of cement" and "pozzolanic reaction of fly-ash" occur simultaneously, the reaction analysis of fly-ash cement with steam curing is very difficult. The authors have tried a detailed reaction analysis of fly ash cement, which has been subjected to heat curing, by considering the chain length distribution of siloxane oligomers constituting the silicate phases of reaction products. By considering the chain length distribution analysis of siloxane oligomers by subtracting the components of silcates included in unreacted cement(C₃S and C₂S, it was found that the "dimer" type silicate included in the siloxane oligomers is generated predominantly on the pozzolanic reaction of fly-ash. The correlation of the "CaO/SiO₂" ratio in reacted products and "reactive monomer / dimer" ratio of siloxane oligomers generate by the reactions of fly-ash cement were suggested.石炭火力発電により副産するフライアッシュの有効活用の観点から、近年ではフライアッシュを大量に混和したプレキャストコンクリート製品への応用が進んでいる。この際、フライアッシュのポゾラン反応促進を目的として蒸気養生による加温が施されるのが一般的であるが、セメントの水和反応とフライアッシュのポゾラン反応が同時並行で起こるため、その水和反応解析は極めて複雑である。本研究ではトリメチルシリル誘導体化法を用いてシリケート相を構成するシロキサンオリゴマーの鎖長分布を検討することで、熱養生を施したフライアッシュセメントの詳細な水和反応解析を試みた。分析によって得られたシロキサンオリゴマーの鎖長分布から未反応のセメントクリンカー化合物由来の成分を除いて検討を加えたところ、フライアッシュのポゾラン反応では二量体のシロキサンオリゴマーが優勢的にケイ酸カルシウム水和物として供給されることが分かった。また、反応によって生成したシロキサンオリゴマーの単量体/二量体の構成比は反応系中のCaO/SiO2比と相関がある可能性が示唆された。


Abstract As improved and accumulated satellite records become available, it is significant to provide up-to-date perspectives on the spatiotemporal signatures of tropospheric nitrogen dioxide (NO2) over China, the knowledge of which is helpful for air pollution control. In this study, the Ozone Monitoring Instrument NO2 dataset for the last 10 years (2005–14) was retrieved to examine multiple aspects of NO2 columns, including distributions, trends, and seasonal cycle. The pattern of average NO2 suggests five hotspots with column density higher than 20 × 1015 molec cm-2: Jing-Jin-Tang; combined southern Hebei and northern Henan; Jinan; the Yangtze River Delta; and the Pearl River Delta. Furthermore, substantial and widespread NO2 growths are distributed over the North China Plain. By contrast, downward trends in NO2 amounts prevail in the megacities of Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou, despite generally high loading levels. Except for the Pearl River Delta, there appears to be temporally consistent behaviors across all regions considered, where NO2 had an abrupt decline during 2008 to 2009, then a drastic increase up to 2013, before beginning to reduce again after 2013. However, the NO2 over the Pearl River Delta is not coevolving with the rest, having experienced a moderate rise from 2005 to 2007, followed by a reduction thereafter. A marked seasonality is apparent, with a maximum in winter and a minimum in summer, regardless of the region. The annual amplitude of NO2 is less pronounced over the Pearl River Delta, whereas the largest range is observed over the combined Southern Hebei and Northern Henan region, induced by enhanced NO2 emission in wintertime due to intense domestic heating.


The invention discloses a compound alpha-keto acid tablet, which comprises five amino acids and five keto acid calcium salts. By improving auxiliary materials, the tablet improves the disintegration time and the stability and overcomes unpleasant odor of the existing tablet. Simultaneously, the invention further discloses a preparation method of the tablet.


The implementation of e-government technology to support both user and organization enables both to perform better by facilitating and decision-making processes. This paper addresses the problem of how to determine the factors that influence employees to accept and use technology implemented in Judicial System institutions in developing countries focusing on acceptance technology theories. The research model employed in this study is based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT). The study will be undertaken via quantitative method by distributing questionnaires to target respondents. The intended method of data analysis describes the objectives to be included later, including a variable analysis followed by the intended quantitative analysis. Finally, the expected outcome of this study is to identify the possible issues which occur when implementing e-government in a local law environment.


This research is conducted with the purpose of studying greenhouse gas emissions by wheat production in Bojnourd using the life cycle approach. The basic information is collected from wheat farmers in the form of questionnaires in the crop year 2015–2016. The meteorology and crop data are gathered, respectively, from the Meteorological Organization and Ministry of Agriculture Jihad. The functional unit, research boundary and impact category are, respectively, considered to be "the production of 1 kg of wheat grains," "the farm gate," and "Global Warming Potential." Data were prepared and analyzed in Excel and SimaPro software. The global warming index is calculated to be, respectively, 1.22 and 0.72 equivalent kilograms of carbon dioxide for the production of 1 kg of irrigated and dryland wheat. Based on the results, electricity, and machinery (53% and 22%, respectively, in the irrigated wheat) and machinery, diesel fuel, and chemical fertilizer application (44%, 4%, and 4%, respectively, in the dry wheat) have the highest share in greenhouse gas emissions. The results indicate that improving the management of the optimal use of inputs and the increase of the area under cultivation can have a significant role in the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. © 2019 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 38:e13134, 2019


The performance of 14-vanes 5.8GHz strapped magnetron is modeled, including cathode, vane, straps, pole pieces and output antenna using three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation code. The electric field distribution in the cold cavity simulation and the formation of the seven electron spokes confirm the π mode work in the oscillation cavity region. The output frequency 5.787GHz and output power 5.4kW in the hot test simulation is obtained in the uniform magnetic field distribution condition. The magnetron with an efficiency of 60% is operated at the beam voltage 4.5kV, the anode current 2.0A when the external axial magnetic field of 0.235T is applied. The simulation values by Fourier transformation of the voltage signal show a good output frequency spectrum.


We propose a content-based approach to explorative visualization of online audio streams (e.g., web radio streams). The visualization space is defined by prototypical instances of musical concepts taken from personal music collections. Our system shows the relation of prototypes to each other and generates an animated visualization that places representations of audio streams in the vicinity of their most similar prototypes. Both computation of music similarity and visualization are formulated for online real time performance. A software implementation of these ideas is presented and evaluated.


Radiomics utilizes the high-throughput extraction of large amounts of quantitative features from radiographic images, giving a comprehensive quantification of tumor phenotype. Thus it can provide complementary and interchangeable information for clinical usage, such as differentiating malignant nodules from benign ones, predicting response to treatment, identifying lymph node metastasis, improving individualized treatment selection and monitoring. The advantages of radiomics give it great potential in precise treatment. But much work needs to be done before it could be used in practice. It is imperative that a standard research procedure is needed to verify its reliability and clinical value via multi-central prospective clinical trials.

Key words:
Radiomics; Non-small cell lung cancer; Diagnosis; Prognosis; Precise treatment


Presently, the gas centrifuge arranged in cascades is the most common method for enriching uranium in its fissionable isotope, 235 U. The enriching process can be modeled in two overarching steps. First, one examines the individual centrifuge machines, estimating enriching performance based on operating conditions such as the centrifuge feed flow rate and cut. Second, this information is built into a cascade analysis which considers the cascade structure (how the machines are linked together) as well as the total cascade feed, product, and waste flow rates. This paper, which focuses on the second half of the modeling process, outlines a method for analyzing one centrifuge cascade structure recently developed and implemented by Iran. The novel configuration consists of two conventional cascades interconnected in a tandem fashion. In this arrangement, the waste flow from the first cascade enters the second cascade as feed flow. The waste leaving this (the second) cascade becomes the overall waste flow and the associated product is reintroduced into the first cascade. Because the two cascades are linked – the flow leaving the first cascade affects the operation of the second cascade, and vice versa – the traditional method for analyzing single cascades is inadequate. This paper presents an extension of the conventional analysis procedure that is appropriate for tandem cascades. The new method is used to assess Iran's tandem cascades, including their utility for producing highly-enriched uranium for nuclear weapons.


The reactions of oxygen atoms with hydrogen cyanide, with cyanogen chloride and with cyanogen bromide, have been studied in a discharge flow system at temperatures between 450 and 650°K. The mechanisms are O + XCN = NCO + X, O + NCO = NO + CO, The following Arrhenius expressions were obtained for the initial steps. O + HCN, k= 5.2 × 1012 exp (–8,100 ± 1,200/RT) cm3 mole–1 sec–1, O + ClCN, k= 1.5 × 1012 exp (–6,900 ± 700/RT) cm3 mole–1 sec–1, O + BrCN, k= 1.4 × 1013 exp (–9,700 ± 1,200/RT) cm3 mole–1 sec–1.


Vacuum vessel inwall shield (IWS) (VV-IWS) which consists of block assemblies will be inserted between the inner and outer shells of the ITER vacuum vessel. The vacuum vessel will be operating at the following: 1) 100 °C and 2) 200 °C. The temperature of the vacuum vessel will be maintained by flowing water between the shells of the vessel. To achieve the temperature of the vessel, the water will be flowed at two operation phases: 1) normal operation condition (OC1), i.e., 100 °C temperature and 1.1-MPa pressure, and 2) off-normal condition, i.e., 200 °C temperature and 2.4-MPa pressure. The water flow rate is locally rather low in the VV-IWS block assemblies, and low flow rates generally promote local attacks on the stainless steel (SS). In addition, local accumulation of the aggressive compounds like chloride and other anions might be higher for ITER condition due to the different operational modes. IWS blocks are not accessible until the life of the machine after closing of the vacuum vessel. Hence, it is necessary to study the susceptibility of IWS materials to general corrosion and crevice corrosion under operations of the ITER vacuum vessel. Corrosion properties of IWS materials were studied by using the following: 1) immersion technique and 2) electrochemical polarization techniques at OC1, baking condition (OC2), and draining and drying operations of the ITER vacuum vessel. Before and after the immersion test, all the sample materials were subjected to a series of examinations, like loss/gain weight measurement, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis, optical stereomicroscopy, and measurement of surface profile and hardness of materials. After the immersion test, SS 304B4 and SS 304B7 showed slight weight gains of 0.0593 and 0.0286 g, respectively, which indicate oxide layer formation on the surface of coupons. The SS 430 material showed a negligible weight loss of 0.0160 g which is equivalent to a corrosion rate of 0.00267 mm/year, indicating mild general corrosion effect. On visual observation with SEM and metallography, all materials showed pitting corrosion attack. During the electrochemical polarization test, all sample materials were subjected to a series of measurements, like open-circuit potential, cyclic polarization, pitting potential, protection potential, critical anodic current, and SEM examination. Under the OC1 condition, the ICC value (critical current density) is found lowest for SS 304B7 and highest for SS 430, and under the OC2 condition, the ICC value is found lowest for XM-19 and highest for SS 304B7 which indicates that SS 430 and SS 304B7 showed the highest general corrosion rates under the OC1 and OC2 conditions, respectively. All materials show a pitting loop in the OC2 operating condition. However, its absence in the OC1 operating condition clearly indicates the activity of chloride ion to penetrate the oxide layer on the sample surface, at higher temperature. The critical pitting temperature of all samples remains between 100 ° and 200 °C.


This chapter turns to the relationship between the legislative and judiciary branches. It shows that in contemporary America, the judiciary has formed a de facto "union" with the executive and has in some respects helped to diminish the role of Congress in the American governmental system. This was not always the case, however, as the constitutional system of checks and balances assigns Congress a good deal of power over the judiciary. When they created the Constitution's system of separated powers and checks and balances, the framers had regarded the Congress as the branch most likely to seek to expand its power and the judiciary as the "least dangerous branch." Since then, however, Americans have come to accept the idea that the federal courts can declare acts of Congress to be inconsistent with the Constitution and, therefore, null and void.


'Baegilmi' is an extremely early maturing rice variety that can be harvested within 100 days after transplanting, and also exhibits strong blast...


Addendum for 'Is song-type matching a conventional signal of aggressive intentions?' by S. L. Vehrencamp (Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 268, 1637–1642. (doi: 10.1098/rspb.2001.1714)). The data cited from Burt (1999) and illustrated in figure 2b (p. 1640) did not originate as part of this study.


Primary human hepatocytes are considered to be the "gold standard" cellular model for studying hepatic fatty acid and glucose metabolism; however, they come with limitations. Although the HepG2 cell line retains many of the primary hepatocyte metabolic functions they have a malignant origin and low rates of triglyceride secretion. The aim of this study was to investigate whether dimethyl sulfoxide supplementation in the media of HepG2 cells would enhance metabolic functionality leading to the development of an improved in vitro cell model that closely recapitulates primary human hepatocyte metabolism. HepG2 cells were cultured in media containing 1% dimethyl sulfoxide for 2, 4, 7, 14, and 21 days. Gene expression, protein levels, intracellular triglyceride, and media concentrations of triglyceride, urea, and 3‐hydroxybutyrate concentrations were measured. Dimethyl sulfoxide treatment altered the expression of genes involved in lipid (FAS, ACC1, ACC2, DGAT1, DGAT2, SCD) and glucose (PEPCK, G6Pase) metabolism as well as liver functionality (albumin, alpha‐1‐antitrypsin, AFP). mRNA changes were paralleled by alterations at the protein level. DMSO treatment decreased intracellular triglyceride content and lactate production and increased triglyceride and 3‐hydroxybutyrate concentrations in the media in a time‐dependent manner. We have demonstrated that the addition of 1% dimethyl sulfoxide to culture media changes the metabolic phenotype of HepG2 cells toward a more primary human hepatocyte phenotype. This will enhance the currently available in vitro model systems for the study of hepatocyte biology related to pathological processes that contribute to disease and their response to specific therapeutic interventions.


Technology characterizations and life-cycle costs were obtained for four residue-collection systems and four gas-production systems. All costs are in constant 1981 dollars. The residue-collection systems were cornstover collection, wheat-straw collection, soybean-residue collection, and wood chips from forest residue. The life-cycle costs ranged from $19/ton for cornstover collection to $56/ton for wood chips from forest residues. The gas-production systems were low-Btu gas from a farm-size gasifier, solar flash pyrolysis of biomass, methane from seaweed farms, and hydrogen production from bacteria. Life-cycle costs ranged from $3.3/10/sup 6/ Btu for solar flash pyrolysis of biomass to $9.6/10/sup 6/ Btu for hydrogen from bacteria. Sensitivity studies were also performed for each system. The sensitivity studies indicated that fertilizer replacement costs were the dominate costs for the farm-residue collection, while residue yield was most important for the wood residue. Feedstock costs were most important for the flash pyrolysis. Yields and capital costs are most important for the seaweed farm and the hydrogen from bacteria system.


【The purpose of this survey was to study nutritional status of college students related to food habit, nutrient intake and health status. The survey was conducted at Yonsei University from January 10 to February 15 in 1979 (35days). The questionnaires were designed to find out food habit and nutrient intake status for 1, 051 and 215 freshmen respectively. The height and weight measurements were performed on 1,962 freshmen. The results obtained are summarized as follows; 1) Average nutrient intake of male and female freshmen per day. For male student, calorie intake was 2,500 Kcal. This was composed of carbohydrate 426gm (68%), protein 91gm (15%), and fat 48gm (17%). For female student, calorie intake was 1,946 Kcal. This was composed of carbohydrate 354gm (73%), protein 77gm (16%), and fat 29gm (11%). Other nutrients, such as calcium (507gm), iron (11mg), vitamin A (432RE), and riboflavin (0.78mg), were lower than the recommended dietary allowances. The percentage of animal protein to total protein was 29% in male student, and 31% in female student. 2) Average height and weight of freshmen were found to be increased for 5 years, from 1975 to 1979. For male student, the height was increased by 2.1cm and weight by 2.5kg for 5 years. For female student, the height was increased by 1.5cm and weight by 1.6kg for 5 years.】


Abstract Human procalcitonin is an early diagnostic biomarker for sepsis and bacterial infections and can be used in distinguishing bacterial infections from viral infections. In this study, a colorimetric sensing platform for the rapid determination of procalcitonin was developed. The approach involves the capture of procalcitonin by immunomagnetic beads, and a detection antibody labeled with horseradish peroxidase to perform sandwich format, where it catalyzes the oxidation of 3,3′,5,5′–tetramethylbenzidine to produce the colorimetric signal. Under the optimal conditions, a detection limit of 0.04 ng/mL (3σ) was obtained within the calibration range 0.1–10 ng/mL. The proposed method was performed in less than 90 min and exhibited good specificity without interferences from other biomarkers including C-reactive protein and human serum albumin. Overall, the proposed method provided a new alternative strategy for procalcitonin detection due to its sensitive, rapid, specific, and simple characteristics. This method is suitable for rapid screening of various biomedical targets.


Review(s) of: Moving Images, by Bondebjerg, Ib (ed.), Culture and the Mind, University of Luton Press, Luton, 2000, ISBN I 86020 573 9, 255 pp.


The criminal law doesn't regulate the negligence of the third party clearly in crime of infringing upon business secrets,which will affect understanding the nature of this crime inevitably.Meanwhile,the disagreement in theory has brought out juridical paradox,and confused what offense and non-offense is accordingly.By analyzing the certain article,the third party's negligence is objective.While,it's unreasonable to be adjusted by criminal law,otherwise,it will lead to protecting business secrets too much.So,the negligence infringing on business secrets of the third party should not be adjusted by criminal law.


Oxygen interferes at the surface of coatings that are cured via free-radical polymerization. This is an inherent phenomenon to the technology. Molecular oxygen can physically quench the triplet state of the photo-initiator / sensitizer, or it can scavenge the free radicals or active radical centers to produce unreactive peroxide radicals. The end results range from uncured, still liquid surfaces on the cured body of the coating to reduced coating surface properties. These issues are even more pronounced when UV sources are used that emit in the lower energy range of the UV spectrum like UV LED and UVA lamps. Low powered UV sources have the tendency as well to induce this, in most cases, undesired effect. There are known physical and chemical ways to reduce oxygen inhibition or improve surface cure. This paper will discuss these methods, provide starting point formulations that use the chemical solutions, and show the cured basic coating properties of these formulations.