Abstract : This project focused on the preliminary investigation of whole genome changes associated with breast cancer in African American (AA) women. This project was funded as a Concept Award from the Department of Defense in 2000. The original aims were to analyze total RNA from tissue that would be surgically removed from breast cancer tissue and non-cancerous breast tissue of three AA women with a positive family history of breast cancer, and three women without a family history of breast cancer. RNA extraction, experimental design, hybridization experiments, and data analyses were completed in conjunction with the DNA micro array facility at the University of Miami Medical School. Unfortunately, it took a very long time to achieve Human Subjects approval from both the Department of Defense and the Human Subjects committee at the medical school (as documented in previous letters), as well as to get agreement on the patient recruitment criteria and the tissue procurement protocol by the consulting surgeons and pathologists. Finally, in June 2004, the investigators enrolled their first subject into the study, and despite setbacks from numerous hurricanes in the Summer of 2004, they have four independent cases enrolled (two with strong family histories of breast cancer), cancerous and self-matched normal tissue obtained, and RNA samples ready to be hybridized to Whole Genome DNA micro arrays in January 2005.


Fruits are important ingredients in the human diets. Due to their high nutritive value, they make significant nutritional contribution to human well-being. The perishable fruits are available as seasonal surpluses during certain parts of the year in different regions and are wasted in large quantities due to unawareness, know-low for proper handling, distribution, marketing and storage. To create awareness regarding nutritive and medicinal values from these fruits, present investigation was carried out. The selected wild edible fruits were (Ficus racemosa, Elaegnus conferta, Antidesma ghasembilla, Grewia tillifolia and Scleichera oleosa) in their mature and ripen stage.. Various parameters were carried out like moisture, dry matter, carotenoids, carbohydrate (reducing sugar, starch, soluble sugar) antioxidant enzymes like catalase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase. All five wild edible fruits were rich in vitamins, proteins and in antioxidant enzymes. The nutritional and phytochemical composition of fruits indicates that, these neglected wild edible fruits can be a valuable source of nutrients under famine conditions and high levels of some vitamins, antioxidants and can be used to prevent diseases.


The invention discloses a method and a system for realizing resource distribution between a baseband processing unit and a radio frequency unit. The system comprises the baseband processing unit (BBU) and the radio frequency unit (RRU). The method comprises the following steps: after receiving baseband data input in parallel by each channel of the BBU, converting the parallel data into serial data, and then exchanging the serial data to each corresponding channel at the side of the RRU according to an exchange configuration table, according to a common public radio interface (CPRI) protocol, packaging the obtained serial data after exchanging, and then sending the serial data to the RRU; after depackaging the received serial data by the RRU, carrying out a deserialized process, and outputting the deserialized data of each channel through the corresponding channel. Compared with the prior art, the invention uses a complete serial exchange method so as to realize the resource distribution and the data transmission between the BBU and the RRU and greatly reduce the scale of the exchange unit.


A method of combating phytopathogenic diseases on crop plants which comprises applying to the crop plants or the locus thereof being infected with phytopathogenic fungi an effective amount of a combination of a first component I metalaxyl having an enantiomer content R of more than 70% by weight in association with a compound II N- (3?- (1?-chloro-3-methyl-2?- oxopentan)) - 3, 5-dichloro-4-methylbenzamide, wherein the


The ability of savers to exchange loanable funds with borrowers is a foundation of modern economies. In most instances, the exchange is accomplished through financial intermediaries. Intermediaries arise in the private sector because they can profit from their ability to move funds from savers to borrowers at a cost lower than would arise from borrowers and savers acting individually. Some of the largest financial intermediaries in the United States today are government-sponsored enterprises (GSEs). Beginning as early as 1916, the federal government established these intermediaries to provide funding to sectors of the economy that it considered in need of credit beyond that supplied by purely private financial intermediaries. Government restrictions on private intermediaries' operations were believed to underlie the credit shortfalls. For example, banks in many states were restricted from making loans outside of their local lending areas, effectively preventing them from diversifying their loan portfolios geographically. This inability to diversify, it was contended, led intermediaries to limit their portfolio risk by making fewer real estate loans than they would if diversification had been possible.1 Private ownership distinguishes GSEs from credit programs directly affiliated with the federal government. Because GSEs are privately owned, they operate with only limited government direction. Since their funds come from private credit markets, GSEs are excluded from the federal budget, although some have borrowing privileges from the Treasury under certain circumstances. Exclusion from the federal budget places the activities of the GSEs under less congressional review than agencies whose budgets must undergo regular deliberation.2 Also, the GSEs are exempt from most of the laws and regulations that apply to federal agencies and employees. Finally, any financial gains or losses from the operation of GSEs are distributed among the GSEs' stockholders.


The Community Service Obligation (CSO) commenced on 1 July 2006 as part of the Fourth Community Pharmacy Agreement. Its genesis, though, can be traced back to the Review of Pharmaceutical Wholesaling undertaken in 2001/02, the report of which was released in September 2002. In a series of short articles, Dr Michael Tatchell will examine its purpose, assess its effectiveness and identify the benefits it provides for patients, pharmacists, wholesalers and the Australian Government.


The conjunction como si select usually in the subordinated adverbial clauses (modal, conditional and comparative) the tenses of the subjunctive mood cantara / cantase and hubiera / hubiese cantado. However in some papers is mentioned the possibility of the construction of como si with the tenses of indicative mood. This paper contains the analysis of the modal selection after como si and, particularly, the possible substitution of subjunctive by the indicative tenses. The analyses is realized on the ground of the corpus of Real Academia Española (CORPES XXI, CREA, CREA. Versión anotada).


A study was carried out in connection with the demonstration project on redesigning urban areas in Eindhoven. Comparisons were made between conflict-free and parallel traffic control systems. Conflict-free phases for cyclists and moped riders going straight on at the intersection can have positive effects on road safety, provided we can keep red light violations under control. Conflict-free phases are to be considered especially where there are many cyclists and moped riders conflicting with trucks turning right.(a) for part I of the study see TRIS abstract No. 368553. (TRRL)


Biosignals from skeletal muscle have been used to control human–machine interface. Signals from paretic muscles of humans with stroke are distorted and highly variable. Here, we examine the stability of surface electromyography (sEMG) features from paretic hand muscles to enable continuous, real-time multicommand control of a human–computer interface (HCI). Subjects with long standing cortical strokes (>6 months, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n$ </tex-math></inline-formula> = 12) and neurologically intact controls (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n$ </tex-math></inline-formula> = 12) performed two wrist rotations (wrist extend and wrist flex) and two grips (power grip and fine grip) with the nondominant (controls) or paretic (stroke patients) hand. Data reduction analyses revealed a distinct pattern of coactivation across muscles for each gesture. These synergies were similar for control and stroke groups and stable across sessions. Results of offline experiments involving wrist rotation and hand grips confirmed that gestures performed in isolation or combination were recognized at greater than chance level in both groups (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$p$ </tex-math></inline-formula> < 0.01). In online experiments, HCI control was evaluated with a balloon shooter game. Users in both groups were able to control the direction and speed of a simulated bullet to a balloon target with greater than chance-level accuracy (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$p$ </tex-math></inline-formula> < 0.01). Taken together, these results demonstrate that sEMG synergy features from paretic hand muscles can be used to drive continuous, real-time multicommand control of an HCI.


A whooping crane (Grns americana) confirmed as suffering from Mycobacterium avium infection was treated for 1 year with daily doses of rifampin (45 mg/kg) and ethambutol (30 mg/kg) and 2 doses of M. vaccae antigen. Remission of disease occurred during therapy; however, recrudescence to active infection was suspected by 10 months after the antitubercular drugs were discontinued when the crane exhibited weight loss and had thickening of bowel wall as seen on radiographs. A second therapeutic regimen using azithromycin was then initiated (40 mg/kg fed daily) and was accompanied by a second remission within 6 weeks. After 16 weeks of azlthromycin therapy, ethambutol (30 mg/kg daily) was added to the azithromycin to reduce the probability of emergent drug resistance. Three weeks later the crane developed severe hepatic dysfunction as suggested by blood chemistry values. This contributed to the crane's collapse and eventual death. All tissues cultured were negative for M. avium infection. A severe hepatopathy and chronic fibrosing cardiomyopathy may have resulted from the drug combinations. This case suggests azithromycin as a promising therapeutic agent in treatment of avian tuberculosis and warrants further investigation. PROC. NORTH AM. CRANE WORKSHOP 7:253-255


1171 Clinical Cardiology: Current Practice Guidelines, edited by Demosthenes G. Katritsis, Bernard J. Gersh, and A. John Camm and published by Oxford University Press, confronts the reader with a novel phenotype of cardiology textbook. In a classic textbook, each chapter provides the reader with a structured description of the subject, starting from pathophysiology and ending with clinical management. In Clinical Cardiology, each chapter consists of a succinct description of the subject, which should enable the reader to understand a subsequent set of diagnostic and management guidelines recently provided on the subject by American or European cardiologic professional societies. This novel concept of a cardiology textbook leaves an ambivalent impression, which is already evident from title and subtitle: The title Clinical Cardiology announces a classic textbook, but the subtitle Current Practice Guidelines suggests a compilation of diagnostic criteria and management recommendations issued by professional societies. This compilation has been described in the foreword as a tool kit for cardiologists. Providing cardiologists with a tool kit suggests modern clinical practice to resemble the assembly of IKEA furniture, which requires strict adherence to the manual to avoid collapse of the wooden commode. Daily clinical practice, however, remains a one-on-one interaction between a caring physician and an individual patient. Most patients do not fit perfectly into recommendations of professional societies or outcomes of large multicenter trials; therefore, their management continues to require a thorough understanding of cardiac pathophysiology. In this respect, it remains doubtful whether the limited information provided by Clinical Cardiology will suffice for the correct use of professional guidelines in individual patient management. Clinical Cardiology consists of 22 parts and 85 chapters. The subdivisions between parts and chapters seem to have been made in an arbitrary fashion. Grown-up congenital heart disease, valve disease, and coronary artery disease each constitute a single part, similar to genetic channelopathies, implantable devices, rheumatic fever, and infective endocarditis. This arbitrary use of parts and chapters detracts from the user-friendliness of the book. Rheumatic fever and infective endocarditis were better categorized as chapters of valve disease, not as individual parts, and all of the arrhythmic parts should have been chapters in a single focused cardiac rhythm part. The part on congenital heart disease focuses on grown-up congenital heart disease. This is laudable because adult patients with corrected or partially corrected congenital heart disease constitute an ever-growing and challenging part of daily clinical practice. A disappointing feature is the almost complete absence of echocardiographic images despite echocardiography being the cornerstone of modern diagnosis of congenital heart disease. The only echocardiographic image shown is a blurred picture of Ebstein anomaly in which the insertion of the tricuspid valve is hardly visible. A similar lack of echocardiographic illustrations is also present in the part on valvular heart disease. Furthermore, murmurs are described in the text rather than visually displayed in phonocardiograms. For both the congenital and valve disease parts, it remains uncertain whether the introductory information to each chapter will allow the reader to correctly use the subsequent guideline figures and tables provided by the professional societies. This is nicely illustrated by the American College of Cardiology/ American Heart Association flow chart on the management of mitral stenosis, which explicitly asks for an assessment of valve morphology to judge suitability for balloon valvuloplasty. Echocardiographic images of mitral valves suitable or unsuitable for balloon valvuloplasty, however, are missing, although this information is a prerequisite for correct application of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association recommendations for the treatment of mitral stenosis. The part on valve disease also painfully illustrates that many management decisions are supported by only Class IIa, Level of Evidence B or C even for common conditions such as asymptomatic aortic or mitral regurgitation with preserved left ventricular function. The limited support from guidelines of professional societies for these common clinical conditions shows that pathophysiological insight into volume-overload cardiomyopathy remains indispensable for judicious patient management. A modern clinical textbook of cardiology should continue to provide this information. In contrast to biblical texts, recommendations and guidelines of professional societies are short-lived and fallible. Both of these features also impinge on Clinical Cardiology. To accommodate the latest version of guidelines, the authors committed themselves to update the online version of the textbook biannually. The purchase of the textbook, however, only covers 12 months' access to the online version. This implies a renewed purchase of the textbook every 24 months to avoid reliance on outdated guidelines. Furthermore, guidelines are issued by multiple professional societies and sometimes appear at a rapid rate, as illustrated by the guidelines on heart failure. In 2012, new European Society of Cardiology guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure were released. In 2013, another set of guidelines for the management of heart failure was published by the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association. In Clinical Cardiology, the medical treatment recommendations for symptomatic systolic heart failure of both the 2012 and 2013 sets of guidelines appear side by side in 2 distinct figures. The flow charts depicted in both figures are strikingly different and leave every guideline-obeying reader confused: Addition of ivabradine and digoxin shows up only in the figure representing the 2012 European Society of Cardiology guidelines, and addition of the combination hydralazine–nitrates is restricted to blacks in the figure representing the 2013 American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association guidelines. An unambiguous integration of new guidelines into Clinical Cardiology will require more than a simple juxtaposition of figures and tables and will force the editors to make omissions and additions based on their clinical judgment. Apart from being short-lived, guidelines of professional societies can also contain flaws, and in order not to amplify these flaws, a textbook that reproduces these guidelines should critically assess them. In the heart failure part of Clinical Cardiology, the figure showing the diagnostic flowchart for suspected heart failure was copied from the 2012 European Society of Cardiology guidelines. A general consensus exists that the flowchart displayed in this figure is unsatisfactory for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction because it relegates the diagnosis of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction to a mere footnote. By simply copying


Simulation results of subpicosecond bunch formation due to a phase motion of electrons in a travelling wave are presented. It has been shown that at satisfying phase conditions of electron injection that are necessary for velocity bunching, relative phase velocity of the total wave excited both by RF generator and particles becomes different from unit increasing bunch compression. Simulation of transportation of obtained 8.9 MeV bunches through undulator with a period of 108.5 mm and estimation of bunch form-factor at 446 harmonic of bunch repetition rate of 2797.15 MHz also was carried out. The data obtained allow to expect coherent radiation from undulator at wave-length of 240 μm.


On the basis of fuzzy set theory for engineering, the Kohonen clustering network was combined with adaptive resonance theory to develop a new kind of fuzzy neural network. The approach was applied to the assessment of regional water resources. The integration of network model into fuzzy pattern recognition theory greatly improved the learning ability of the network and the adoption of adaptive resonance theory can increase the number of network model pattern. The feasibility and effectiveness of this proposed model and methodology were verified by an example.


Observation that the Earth can be a shield to the gravitational force of the Sun, and measures of the acceleration of Earth's gravity or mass of bodies at different times can verify this hypothesis.


To improve the assessment of sustainability situation of production forest management a research project has been designed and being implemented jointly by the International Institute for Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation "ITC, TROPENBOS International foundation, and the Indonesian Watershed Management Technology Center, in collaboration with Indonesian Eco-Labeling Institute and the Ministry of Forestry in Indonesia. The project is aiming at " Design and development of an effective monitoring and certification system to support sustainable management of production forest in Indonesia. This article reports on some of the findings of this research program. In this context special attention will be given to the potential role of GIS, Remote Sensing and Decision Science.


Urolithiasis is a nutritional disease that affects domestic carnivores. Past and recent literature on urolithiasis was reviewed for information on anatomical occurrence, physiology of urine formation, prevalence, mineral composition, clinical signs, laboratory findings, dissolution therapy, surgery and prevention of urolithiasis. The acquired knowledge of complexed and multifaceted urolithiasis is a tremendous achievement towards the treatment and control of the disease. However, eradication of the disease is the most challenging as it requires total overhaul of all the factors that are responsible for the formation of uroliths.


A Level II/III probabilistic risk assessment has been performed for N Reactor, a US Department of Energy production reactor. State-of-the-art methodology was employed based on methods developed by Sandia for the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission for the NUREG-1150 study. Latin Hypercube sampling techniques were used to develop uncertainty distributions for the risks associated with postulated core damage events initiated by fire, seismic and internal events as well as the overall combined risk. The results show the risks from N Reactor to be small. Systematic, procedural and phenomenological insights and their significance to future reactor designs are discussed. A key insight is that active systems can inadvertently interfere with passive systems unless proper design precautions are taken. 7 refs., 2 tabs.


The article is devoted to the analytical analysis of data reflecting significant economic problems in the organization of spatial development of the Russian Federation, expressed in a significant sectoral imbalance. The problems of the development of individual regions in the processes of digital transformation of the Russian economy are actualized. In addition, the paper reveals the content of the concept of "spatial-sectoral structure" based on the theoretical and methodological guidelines of the theory of regional economics. Attention is focused on the influence of digital conditions on individual economic processes in the region that form a single digital space.


The authors regret that in "Computer system validation: Example of quality management system design and process implementation" the following co-author was mistakenly missed from the authorship: Tomaž Sallubier, TS4U d.o.o, Kamnik, Slovenia.


Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is the most important oilseed crop in Ethiopia. It is basically grown during the summer season in different regions of the country and produced mainly in the northern and northwestern lowlands of Ethiopia. The production of sesame is low because of insect pests such as sesame webworm, sesame seed bug and gall midge. Among these pests, sesame webworm is one of the most important insect pests and it attacks the crop at all growth stages and causes a significant yield loss. Therefore, the present study was aimed to assess the infestation and avoidable yield losses of sesame due to sesame webworm on different released sesame varieties at field conditions. A field experiment was conducted to assess the infestation and yield losses with respective cost-benefit of nine released sesame varieties to sesame webworm in paired plots (treated with Diazinon 60% EC and untreated) in RCBD with three replications in 2016 production year. There was a significant difference (p<0.001) between the protected and unprotected plots of each variety in leaf, flower and capsule injury. Protection of sesame from the webworm with insecticide effectively reduced leaf (0.02%), flower (<2%) and pod (<1%) damage to Original Research Article Geremedhin and Azerefegne; JAERI, 21(3): 25-33, 2020; Article no.JAERI.55403 26 very low levels, On the other hand, the unprotected sesame had high levels of infestation. The highest capsule injury was recorded on BaHa-Necho (9.68%) and varieties Adi, Setit-2 and Borkena sustained <5% capsule injury. Grain yield was also increased significantly (p<0.001) in the protected plots of the nine varieties as compared to their corresponding unprotected plots. Maximum yield was obtained from Setit-2, Setit-1, Humera-1 and Higher in both treated and untreated plots. The highest avoidable yield losses were obtained from Adi, Gonder-1, BaHaNecho, and BaHa-Zeyit with respective cost-benefit ratio 2.27, 2.02, 2.12 and 2.03. Therefore integration of sowing the varieties Setit-2, Setit-1, Humera-1 and Hirhir and spraying with Diazinon 60 EC, at a rate of one liter per hectare at 2, 4 and 6 weeks after crop emergence (WAE) has potential to reduce the yield losses of sesame due to sesame webworm infestation and to increase yield of sesame.


We performed cervical cerclage on a completely dilated and effaced cervix after decompression of the amniotic sac with intraoperative amniocentesis. Indomethacin was used for tocolysis and to maintain mild oligohydramnios (amniotic fluid index 5–7 cm). The pregnancy was prolonged by 12 days and a viable infant was delivered at 25 weeks' gestation.


Statement by the Managing Director on the Independent Evaluation Office Report on IMF Collaboration with the World Bank on Macro-Structural Issues


Investigation results are presented on the influence of microwave noise radiation on proliferative and functional cellular activities of dermal fibroblasts of healthy and scar-damaged skin. The obtained data confirm the hypothesis on the different impact of microwaves on healthy and pathologically changed cells, as well as the importance of adaptive reactions at the level of neuro-immune-endocrine interactions in the course of connective tissue reparative regeneration.


In this paper, we demonstrate continuous-time adaptive control for nonlinear system of two funnel tanks in series. For this purpose continuous-time input-output linear model is considered describing nonlinear system in the neighborhood of an operating point. The two approaches discussed here are direct estimation and alternate delta model. In the case of direct approach the key lies in the differential filters used to compute estimates. In the second strategy parameters of corresponding delta model are recursively estimated. A feedback control configuration with to degrees of freedom is adopted. In order to guarantee stability as well as asymptotic tracking of the step reference and step load disturbance attenuation, polynomial method is taken into account for the resulting controllers. A simulation software tool implementing illustrative model of two funnel liquid tanks in series has been studied in detail.


Integrated gate commutator thyristor (IGCT) has the advantages of low on-state loss and strong forward current capability, and has the potential for further development. It is suitable for the application of modular multilevel converter (MMC). In this paper, clamping loss of IGCT-based MMC is evaluated. Firstly, the loss caused by various switching behaviours is analysed. The clamping loss caused by IGCT turning-on and turning-off under different current is measured by setting up an experimental circuit. Finally, the clamp loss in specific parameters of MMC is analysed by means of mean equivalent method. The analysis shows that the clamp loss accounts for about 5% of the total loss of the module.


Objective To investigate the association of xeroderma pigmentosum group D(XPD)single nucleotide polymorphism at 751 site and smoking on the risk of lung cancer.Methods 126 cases of lung cancer patients and another 126 cases of medical examination without lung disease were selected.General information such as smoking,sexuality and so on were found out through a questionnaire survey.XPD 751Lys/Gln polymorphism analysis was completed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP)method.The influence of the latter and smoking on occurrence of lung cancer was analyzed.Results The risk of lung cancer in individuals missing XPD 751Lys/Lys was significantly increased(adjusted OR=2.83,95%CI was 1.22~6.54).XPD 751Lys/Gln or Gln/Gln and smoking greatly increased the risk of lung cancer(adjusted OR=6.92,95%CI was 1.72~20.36,P=0.003).Conclusion There is a certain degree of interaction between XPD 751Lys/Lys gene deletion and smoking on occurrence of lung cancer.


This paper describes part of a series of investigations into the electrical properties of thin insulating oxide layers formed electrolytically on aluminium, and is limited to a study of the ionic current and the resultant film growth. It is shown that at a given temperature the ion current i is a function of the average electrostatic field strength F across the film. Two forms of the function i = f(F) previously proposed are considered. They have been investigated in three ways: (i) ion current as a function of applied voltage Vf at constant film thickness ?, (ii) current decay with time during formation at constant formation voltage, (iii) change of film thickness or capacity with time at constant formation voltage. These results tend to favour the exponential relationship i = A exp BF with A = 10-18 A/cm2 and B = 3 ? 10-6 cm/v at room temperature. The law of film growth derived is only approximately logarithmic, whilst during current decay i similar 6 ? 10-5 Vf/t. At higher temperatures it is shown that the approximately logarithmic law is replaced by a cubic law over a short range of temperatures, and subsequently by a quadratic law. The application of these results to oxidation in air is discussed.


A single layer of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) forms the barrier between the largest accumulation of microbes in the body and the host itself. Functional insight into the biology of IECs has revealed a profound impact of IEC function on mucosal homeostasis and immune function. Moreover, genome-wide association studies and candidate gene studies have substantially expanded our insight into the genetic underpinning of human inflammatory bowel disease. Several pathways regulated by products of genes that are genetically associated with inflammatory bowel disease, like the endoplasmic stress response (XBP1), autophagy (ATG16L1), and innate immune pathways (NOD2) profoundly affect IEC function, in particular Paneth cells. Paneth cells reside at the base of small intestinal crypts and secrete abundant amounts of antimicrobial peptides, and are thereby considered to substantially affect the composition of the microbial flora. Further evidence from the study of NFκB signaling in IECs revealed important insights into how IECs regulate mucosal innate and adaptive immunity via cross-talk with dendritic cells, macrophages and CD4+ T cells. These studies indicate that IECs may play a profound role in regulating the interaction between commensal and infectious microbes of the intestinal tract and the host, with consequent implications for infectious and inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.


The local density of states at cleaved cross-sectional surfaces of InAs/GaSb superlattices were investigated by low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy (LT-STM/STS) with atomic resolution. Broken-gap energy band profiles (the overlap of the conduction band of InAs and the valence band of GaSb) were clearly seen in the LT-STS spectra as a function of growth direction. Clear images of electron standing waves confined in the superlattice were also obtained. (© 2006 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


Prevailing poor performance by students in examination and misconception they hold about some topics in Geography have aroused concern in educational field on the cause and need to alleviate the situation. Conventional approach which is widely used need to be integrated with technological innovations in teaching to alleviate the situation of low enrolment and conform to expected national quality and standard in Geography. The Homa Bay district Mean Standard Score of 6 C+ has been recorded for the last four years and low enrolment as students tend to shy away from the subject. The main objective was to investigate if video can enhance learning. Cohun's and Edgar's theories on hearing, sight and learning experience arranged in hierarchy informed this study. The study adopted Experimental research design involving pre test-post test control group design. The target population was provincial schools in Homa Bay district. The sample size was 194.Stratified random sampling procedure was used to obtain four schools. The experimental group was exposed to video for three weeks and the control group was exposed to conventional teaching for the same duration. Both quantitative and qualitative approaches were used to collect data. Post-test was administered to all students and questionnaire to all respondents. Data was analyzed through use of inferential statistics which were t-test and Chi-square. Descriptive statistics that involved means, frequencies, percentages and standard deviation were also used. Hypothesis was rejected at significant level of 0.05. The results of the study show that use of video in teaching enhanced learning achievement. It was established that video motivates, enhance understanding, retention and participation. The findings of this study have created awareness and need for integrating video in teaching and learning for improved performance in Geography. The following recommendations were made. Use of video be supported at policy level, Geography curriculum to embrace ICT, teachers to be equipped with skills and knowledge they need to use video.


The dominance of the agricultural world in Karak Apung Village makes the women in the village have farming skills that are no less great than men, as a result in general only those skills can be highlighted for the women of Karak Apung villagers.  Through this girls' school, she hopes to solve the village problem which is divided into three things, (1) the Skills Program; (2) Equality Program; and (3) Digital Reading Room Program. The method of treatment will be taken for one semester or 12 face-to-face meetings. The results of the girls' school, namely the women of Karak Apung Village, have been equipped with new competencies, namely Bridal Makeup, Tata Boga, Gymnastics Instructors, and the Village has a digital reading room corner equipped with wifi. This skill is evidenced by the existence of a legal competency certificate owned by the Woman of Karak Apung Village


The morphology and histology of the digestive tract in young Eleutheronema rhadinum were observed by optical micro-scopes.The digestive tract was composed of orol-pharyngeal cavity,esophagus,stomach,pcyloric caeca and intestines.The orol-pharyngeal cavity was large,and there were villiform molars on the jaw teeth,palate teeth and vomerine teeth.The mucosa of esophagus was covered with stratified squamous epithelium with many mucous cells.The Y-shaped stomach consisited of cardia,blind sac and pylorus.The stomach had a single-layered columnar epithelium,in the lamina propria of cardia and blind sac,enormous stomach glands were present,while no goblet cells was detected in the whole stomach.Intestines were Z-shaped,including foregut,midgut and hindgut,and the average intestinal coefficient was about 0.583.The intestine epithelium was composed of simple columnar cells with a distinct microvillus brush border in which there were many goblet cells,while intestinal gland was not detected in intestines.The low-high-low tendency was found in the mucosal thickness and width from front to back,whereas the muscularis was in the contrary condition.Pcyloric caeca was like cauliflower,the histological characters were similar to that of the intestines,but no goblet cells was found in the epithelium.


The objective of this study is to investigate possible effects of nanometer powder of hydroxyapatite on proliferation of periodontal ligament cells. With sol-gel method, the nanometer hydroxyapatite powder were fabricated. The primary periodontal ligament cells were cultured on dense particle hydroxyapatite and nanometer particle hydroxyapatite. The effects on proliferation of periodontal ligament cell were examined in vitro with MTT (methyl thiazolil tetracolium) test. The intercellular effects were observed with scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analyzer. In addition, the influence of two materials on osteogenetic differentiation was determined with measurement of ALP (alkaline phosphatase) activity. It is concluded that nanometer hydroxyapatite can promote proliferation and osteogenetic differentiation of periodontal ligament cells and it may become absorbable agent in osseous restoration.


The flow stress curves of Ti-25Nb alloy were acquired by hot compressive tests on Gleeble−3500 thermo-simulation machine at the strain rate range of 0.001-10 s−1 and temperature range of 470-620°C. The results show that the flow stresses decrease with the decrease in strain rate and the increase in temperature in general and modified constitutive model established by Strain compensation of n and A has a high predicted ability under experimental deformation condition.


Markusen's "profit cycle" and the influence of oligopoly are apphed to Butler's notion of the resort cycle. The stagnation and decline associated with the latter stages of the resort cycle can be explained by industrial organization and the oligopolistic position of the major suppliers. The study area of Paradise Island (Bahamas) appears to be a clear example of how the corporate strategies of a major supplier can dramatically influence the resort cycle process. Resorts subjected to long-term oligopoly can experience eventual declines in the number of visitors because of an emphasis on market share and competitive stability, at the expense of innovation and diversification.


DNA replication stress often induces DNA damage. The antitumor drug hydroxyurea (HU), a potent inhibitor of ribonucleotide reductase that halts DNA replication through its effects on cellular deoxynucleotide pools, was shown to damage DNA inducing double‐strand breaks (DSBs). Aphidicolin (APH), an inhibitor of α‐like DNA polymerases, was also reported to cause DNA damage, but the evidence for induction of DSBs by APH is not straightforward. Histone H2AX is phosphorylated on Ser 139 in response to DSBs and one of the protein kinases that phosphorylate H2AX is ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM); activation of ATM is through its phosphorylation of Ser 1981. The present study was undertaken to reveal whether H2AX is phosphorylated in cells exposed to HU or APH and whether its phosphorylation is mediated by ATM.


MANTA TERMICA (10) comprising an inflatable COVER WITH A head end (12) OTHER FOOT (14), two lateral (15) and a lower surface. COVER ACROSS inflates an inlet (16) formed in the foot end (14), with a fluid thermally controlled. AN OPENING ALONG THE BOTTOM COVER surface makes fluid return. IN THE SIDE COVER (15) OPENINGS (23) GIVING OUT FLUID PROVIDED TO WHICH FAVORS THE CIRCULATION OF THIS ON DECK. A non-inflatable region (22) at the head end (12) connected also to an ABSORBENT BIB (24). When inflated, THERMAL BLANKET (10) RISES herself and provides a fluid bath THERMALLY CONTROLLED INSIDE STRUCTURE RAISED. FORCED CIRCULATION FLUID INSIDE COVER KEEPS average temperatures relatively high under the blanket (10) and a relatively uniform temperature distribution in the fluid, which is discharged through the opening to the interior structure. WHEN the structure contains a patient, AREA NOT INFLATABLE (22) View the patient's face ABSORBENT BIB AND AROUND THE PATIENT KEEPS HEAD A RELATIVELY healthcare environment.


In the last decade, the health care system has been suffering from an imbalance of medical personnel and low efficiency in the use of nursing personnel in practical health care, which significantly affects the quality of medical care. The article reveals the main goals and objectives of the activity of mid-level medical staff in the system of providing medical care to patients in a urological hospital. The need for nurses to comply with the formulated standards is a central link in the process of organizing their activities. The effectiveness of treatment and recovery of patients without reducing the further quality of their lives depends on timely measures for care, psychological assistance, tact and compliance with ethical standards by nurses. All these factors directly affect the prospects for the treatment and rehabilitation of patients with urological pathology, as well as the performance indicators of the urological hospital.


Social identification: how much individuals psychologically associate themselves with a group has been posited as an essential construct to measure individual and group dynamics. Studies have shown that individuals who identify very differently from their workgroup provide critical cues to the lack of social support or work overloads. However, measuring identification is typically achieved through time-consuming and privacy-invasive surveys. We hypothesize that the extremities in-group norm affects individuals' behaviors, thus more likely to give rise to negative appraisals. As a more convenient and less-invasive technique, we propose a method to predict individuals who are increasingly different in identifying themselves with their working peers using mobility data passively sensed from the WiFi infrastructure. To test our hypothesis, we collected WiFi data of 62 college students over a whole semester. Students provided regular self-reports on their identification towards a workgroup as ground truth. We analyze the contrasts between groups' mobility patterns and build a classification model to determine students who identify very differently from their workgroup. The classifier achieves approximately 80% True Positive Rate (TPR), 73% True negative rate (TNR), and 78% Accuracy (ACC). Such a mechanism can help distinguish students who are more likely to struggle with negative workgroup appraisals and enable interventions to improve their overall team experience.


The silent tsunami that occurred on the coast of Banten and Lampung has had an impact on coastal ecosystems, coastal resources, fisheries, and socio-economics of the local community. For this reason, the assessment of tsunami losses and impacts is important as a baseline for developing post-disaster rehabilitation and reconstruction program. This research was conducted in Labuan Sub-District that has Sukamaju, Cigondang, Teluk, and Caringin Village. The result of loss assessment estimated at 32 billion Rupiahs includes ecosystems and buildings destroyed. While the losses of the fisheries sector reached 45 million to 114 billion per month, or production only reached one third compare the same month in 2018. Therefore, rehabilitation programs are intended to strengthen the capacity of tsunami-affected communities through strengthening fisheries business capacity.


The "Assessment of the southwestern of the Cauto Basin and its oil and Gas possibilities in Cuba" was carried out with the objective of evaluating the southwestern part of the Cauto Basin in Cuba from the geological and geophysical point of view, with the southwestern of the Basin as a foundation of the petroleum system models. The method of investigation employed included interpretation of the seismic lines, the surface geology, the well logging data, gravimetric and magnetometrics data. The research was developed in three fundamental stages: I) Preliminary stage, II) Data processing and III) Interpretation of results/conclusions and recommendations. The characterization of sedimentary structures was assessed, and the evolution of the studied basin was also realized. Based on the result of this study, the origin of Cauto Basin can be linked to the geological event that occurred in the area towards the end of the Cretaceous era which involves complex sedimentary processes with associated collusions and extension of tectonic transcurrente. This leads to formation of Delta zones and important fans, which were the product of rapid sedimentation and slow subsidence. Furthermore, the result reveals that the studied interval can be described as a potential reservoir for being part of the fan and deltaic zone. There is evidence of the presence of hydrocarbon within the studied interval, but probing further depth has the potential of more discovery within the source rock since only the Tertiary reservoirs were evaluated.


OBJECTIVES
To examine the relationship between palatally displaced maxillary canines (PDC) and the maxillary transverse dimension using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

MATERIALS AND METHODS
Thirty-three patients (11 males and 22 females, mean age 18.2 years) with PDC were matched to 66 patients (22 males and 44 females, mean age 18.1 years) without PDC (control) by gender, age, and posterior occlusion. A CBCT image was taken on all the patients prior to any orthodontic treatment. For each patient the maxillary basal bone widths and interdental widths at the maxillary first molars and first and second premolars were measured on axial and coronal sections of CBCT images. In addition, the presence of permanent tooth agenesis and the widths of maxillary incisors were recorded.

RESULTS
Similar maxillary transverse dimensions, both skeletally and dentally, were found between the PDC and control groups. In the PDC group, the number of patients with permanent tooth agenesis was six times higher than in the control group. In addition, the maxillary lateral incisors on PDC-affected sides were smaller than those of control group (P < .05).

CONCLUSIONS
The maxillary transverse dimension, both skeletally and dentally, had no effect on the occurrence of PDC. The higher prevalence of permanent tooth agenesis was found in the PDC group. Moreover, the mean mesiodistal width of maxillary lateral incisors in the PDC group was significantly smaller than in the control group (P < .05).


The invention relates to a method and system for monitoring at least one work site, in the manufacturing industry and/or in the services industry, which makes it possible to analyse and manage the work conditions, preferably with respect to the safety and/or the productivity of said at least one work site. The method includes the steps of: recording information relating to the work actions performed in the at least one work site, using at least one information-collecting means installed in said work site; storing the recorded information in at least one database, said database containing prior information relating to the work site; accessing the at least one database via access means, preferably electronic, in order to access the information stored in said database; analysing the information stored in the at least one database relating to the work site, classifying the work actions contained in the recorded information according to previously defined analysis categories, the work actions analysed, the information recorded and the analyses conducted being linked together in accordance with the classification of said work actions, in relation to the analysis categories, and the provisional and/or potential location of said work actions in the recorded information; and disclosing the results of the analysis, allowing said analysis to be viewed together with the link of said analysis to the recorded information, said results including a detailed analysis of the work actions contained in the recorded information.


Plant competition may be altered by ongoing climate change, including rising tropospheric O 3 . This may depend less on the O 3 tolerance of isolated species than on O 3 effects on the mechanisms of competition. To explore this possibility, we investigate the growth and gas exchange responses of a crop-weed system in partial additive competition in open-top chambers (OTCs). Yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus L.) and Pima cotton (Gossypium barbadense L.) were grown in pots in ratios of 0:1, 1:1, 2:1, and 3:1, plus 1:0 to contrast with 0:1. O 3 concentrations (12-h means) were 12.8 nL L -1 (low O 3 , L03), 79.9 nL L -1 (medium O 3 , MO3), and 122.7 nL L -1 (high O 3 , HO3). Cotton was more sensitive than nutsedge to O 3 (reduction at HO3: 75 vs. 20% in shoot growth, 33 vs. 20% in assimilation). Cotton was inhibited by O 3 and by competition and the interaction was significant for leaf properties of cotton and tuber production in nutsedge. A coefficient of competition (slope of inverse cotton shoot biomass vs. nutsedge density) was significantly increased at HO3. The species were mutually inhibitory to similar extents. Root respiration declined with O 3 in nutsedge but increased in cotton, though both species reduced allocation below-ground. Nutsedge tuber production increased inconsistently with O 3 . Rising tropospheric O 3 may decrease the current C 4 advantage of nutsedge in water use efficiency (WUE) and stomatal avoidance of O 3 , but appears likely to increase the competitiveness of nutsedge with respect to cotton.


A type of composite substrate was explored to solve the problem of crack in the deposition of diamond films,that is,Mo substrates with Ti interlayer.Crack-free freestanding diamond films with different thicknesses can be deposited on composite substrates by DC plasma jet.The diamond films were investigated with SEM,Raman and X-ray diffraction.In addition,the fracture strength of these films was measured.The results demonstrate that the diamond films deposited at 950℃ and on the composite substrate have the least full wave at half maximum(FWHM),and the fracture strength of the diamond films deposited at the experimental temperature exceeds 500MPa.


The present invention relates to a process for working up a ammonium halides and / or organic amine hydrohalides containing residue from the production of an amino functional organosilane of the general formula (I) R wherein groups R are identical or different and R is hydrogen (H) or a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, groups R 'are identical or different and R' is hydrogen (H) or a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 8 C atoms or an aryl group, R '' are identical or different and R '' is a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 8 C atoms or an aryl group represents , Z is a divalent alkyl group from the series -CH wherein the preparation of the amino functional organosilane of formula (Ia) on the conversion of a halogen functional organosilane of the general formula (II) XZ-Si (R '') wherein X is Cl, Br or J, Z is a divalent alkyl group from the series -CH


According to the roadway deformation of Jianxin Mine of Jiangxi Fengcheng Mining Bureau. Based on the basic theory of elastic-plastic mechanics, the Mechanical principle of soft rock roadway deformation was analyzed; the calculating formula of surrounding rock and plastic zone radius and the radius of rupture zone were gained. Then the numerical simulations of the soft rock roadway deformation were conducted by ANSYS software. The roadway deformation graph and the strain and stress nephogram were gained. The simulation results are agree with the measured deformation of the roadway.


Abstract Background: Although surgical procedures involving resectoscopes are widely used to treat intrauterine lesions, various complications related to these procedures have been reported. To avoid such complications, the current authors have been performing laser hysterofiberscopic intrauterine surgery guided by laparoscopically assisted intra-abdominal sonohysterography (LHIS-GLAIS). Objective: This retrospective review was conducted to assess the effectiveness of LHIS-GLAIS and its related complications. Materials and Methods: A total of 65 patients with intrauterine lesions that required hysteroscopic surgery between 1997 and 2008 were investigated. These patients underwent LHIS-GLAIS after their informed consent was obtained. The amount of bleeding, if the surgery was completed successfully, if complications developed, and if the surgery was converted to laparotomy were retrospectively examined. Results: There were 4 patients with Asherman's syndrome, 11 patients with uterine malformations, and 50 ...


The hardware framework of universal signal processing of integration communication equipment is introduced,and the design of signal flow in integration communication equipment is presented.The implementation of signal flow is emphasized,and the advantages are analysed.Finally,it is pointed out that the research in this paper provides reference for realizing portability of communication equipment of other similar systems.


Objective To study the changes of serum concentrations of Interleukin-18(IL-18)and Neuron-specific enolase(NSE)in newborns with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy(HIE),the correlation between IL-18 and NSE,and between IL-18 and NSE and neonatal behavioral neurological assessment(NBNA),and clinical significance.Methods Thirty-three term newborns with HIE were assigned into three groups,mild HIE group(n=9),moderate HIE group(n=15)and severe HIE group(n=9).Twenty term normal newborns were served as control group.Serum concentrations of IL-18 and NSE were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results Serum concentrations of IL-18 and NSE in infants with moderate and severe HIE were significantly higher than those in control group(P0.01).Both serum IL-18 and NSE concentrations were associated with the severity of HIE except the mild group(P0.01).Severe HIE newborns had the highest serum IL-18 and NSE levels,followed by moderate HIE newborns.Serum concentrations of IL-18 and NSE in moderate and severe HIE neonates in recovery period were significantly lower than those in acute period(P0.01,0.05).In acute period,the more severe clinical situation,the more IL-18 in the serum,and there was a significant positive correlation between IL-18 and NSE(r=0.832,P=0.000),there was a significant negative correlation between IL-18 and NBNA(r=-0.557,P=0.001),and there was a negative correlation between NSE and NBNA(r=-0.496,P=0.003).Conclusion The levels of IL-18 and NSE in moderate and severe HIE infants were approximately higher than those in control group,and they were identical with the severity of HIE,so they may be useful markers for the diagnosis of HIE.The measurement of IL-18 and NSE will be very important to the early diagnosis and judgment of therapeutic efficacy.


ABSTRACT This article discusses a Saudi female student's experiences in the United States over two years, focusing on the process of negotiating and constructing her gender identity. The analysis addresses her conflicts and struggles with Saudi gender ideologies in and out of classrooms. Examining the intra-group conflict concerning gender and culture in the framework of Othering, the article demonstrates that her resistance to Othering reflects the dynamic process of her identity negotiation and agency. Her conflicts and struggles in the process include: (1) validating her "new" gender identity using the very same source, Saudi religious nationalism that essentializes Saudi women's gender identity; and (2) shifting relationships with Saudi male members to ameliorate a marginalized racial position. The article elucidates how gender becomes a site at which cultural, religious, and national discourses and conflicts intersect and how it affects L2 learners' participation within and beyond minority communities.


This study examined the use of committees in a K-12 school setting as a method to address changes in the organization from the perspective of paraprofessionals, teachers, school administrators, and community members. Committee work is used as a common practice in school settings, yet is reported to yield inconsistent results. This study compared and contrasted optimal committee experiences to those perceived as unsatisfactory as reported by the participants of the study. Several specific factors were assessed through a mixed methods approach, specifically committee participation, membership, the structure of meetings, and stakeholder engagement. Purposeful sampling was used to select a total of 5 school administrators for semi-structured interviews, and 100 survey participants representing paraprofessionals, teachers, school administrators, and community members. The data from the interviews and surveys were analyzed using qualitative and quantitative methods producing descriptive findings and areas of statistical significance when comparing committee experiences.
The findings of this study provide insight to school leaders on the factors related to committee participation, membership, structure, and stakeholder engagement that lead to efficient and effective practices. Conclusions drawn from this study suggest that group dynamics, power and political tones, leadership, and organizational culture are factors that can influence the work of committees. Implications of this research suggest that leaders: equip themselves with knowledge and strategies to address aspects of group dynamics that can stall the efforts of committees; understand the political landscape that can shape recommendations derived from committee work; promote a shared leadership approach; and ensure that committee membership reflects those affected by the proposed changes and recommendations.


In this paper three-phase induction motor is controlled in closed loop by variable voltage variable frequency method. The control strategy is made by using Xilinx. Here Induction Motor (IM) is fed by Sine Pulse Width Modulated (SPWM) inverter using six switches. The control is obtained by keeping the ratio Voltage/Frequency constant. Performance characteristic of two levels inverter fed induction motor drive is presented. Steady state behaviour of speed, current and torque in induction motor are also analyzed. Models are developed for SPWM fed induction motor using MATLAB/ Xilinx. KeywordsInduction Motor (IM), Sine pulse width modulation (SPWM), Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), Xilinx


Restoration of mobility is a major goal in the rehabilitation of the spinal cord injured (SCI) patient. While successful re-integration of the SCI patient into home and work environment is possible without the patient regaining the ability to ambulate, maximisation of the patient's walking ability is very desirable. In a recent survey of the UK and Dutch SCI population it was found that 90% of SCI patients who regained some useful walking ability had incomplete spinal cord injuries (ISCI) [1]. This survey also showed an overwhelming preference for gait improvements in the ISCI population compared to the SCI population as a whole.


The article highlights the poetic legacy of the war and postwar years of Ukrainian artists Mykhailo Sytnyk and Hanna Cherin, united not only by the Muse but also, albeit for a short time, by marriage. The creative tandem of poets lasted until the end of the 1940s, in the 1950s their lives diverged in the United States, but there remained works that united artists in their common life and artistic destiny. The aim of the article is to comprehend the existential paradigm of the lyrics of M. Sytnyk and H. Cherin in the artistic and biographical discourse. Materials of scientific research, in particular the texts of some poems, have been published in Ukraine for the first time and make it possible to cover the littleknown pages of the life and work of M. Sytnyk and H. Cherin in the 1940s in Europe. The article is written with the maximum preservation of the cited materials, which are important historical and literary sources in the study of the biography and work of Ukrainian artists, the disclosure of their biographical and creative discourse. To achieve this goal, several methods were used – primarily from biographical with the study of authentic sources, cultural-historical, philological, intertextual to phenomenological and hermeneutic analysis, which allow distinguishing and analyzing artistic and biographical discourse in the lyrics of M. Sytnyk and H. Cherin to explore the existential paradigm of their poetry. Elements of conceptual analysis are also used, which allow considering the lyrics of poets through the prism of dominant concepts. The married life of artists and the reasons for their divorce can be reproduced only from fragments, i.e. from the words of their friends, acquaintances, in some mentions of researchers of their work and from the poetic lines of M. Sytnyk and H. Cherin, because none of them did not mention this period after the break. The post-war period in Europe was the time not only of romantic relations between artists, marriage, and the birth of a daughter but also of successful creative activity, joint speeches at conferences, literary evenings, and other events of the DP cultural and artistic community. While in Europe, poets published their works in numerous emigrant publications and separate collections of poetry in the 1940s, existential meditations), in which the dominant concept is the lost Motherland, which is realized in the lyrics of poets through the opposition of foreign – native land. The artistic discourse of poetry of the war and post-war periods of M. Sytnyk and H. Cherin is represented by personal, intimate lyrics; civic and patriotic lyrics (in wartime – the lyrics of heroism and rank), and existential-nostalgic, anteistic lyrics associated with the loss of the Motherland. The existential paradigm of the lyrics of Mykhailo Sytnyk and Hanna Cherin in the artistic and biographical discourse is determined primarily by the circumstances of their life and creative activity – the Second World War, the difficult postwar years, and the emigration factor, which for many Ukrainian artists was decisive not only in their lives but also in their work. The common destiny of the artists was connected by the poetry of the war and the first postwar years, which reflected at the artistic level not only the story of their love – its bright and dramatic sides, but also the existential circumstances of Ukrainians in exile.


This chapter reviews the use of dynamic light scattering (DLS) in the wide field of supramolecular materials chemistry through nonexhaustive yet representative examples. Aside from demonstrating the broad field of applicability of DLS, the basic principle of light scattering with reference to excellent publications on the theoretical background is recalled to highlight the major limitations of the technique to prevent misuse.

Keywords:

dynamic light scattering;
self-processes;
supramolecular reactivity;
supramolecular devices;
self-assembly;
soft matter;
nanotechnology;
chemical biology;
self-assembling copolymers;
hybrid copolymers


We have undertaken a detailed study of an ultrasonic waveguide employed as a level, density, and temperature sensor. The purpose of this study was to show how such a device might be used in the nuclear power industry to provide reliable level information with a multifunction sensor, thus overcomming several of the errors that led to the accident at Three Mile Island. Some additional work is needed to answer the questions raised by the current study, most noticably the damping effects of flowing water.


If cardiovascular diseases were the summit of iceberg,the metabolic syndrome(MetS)should be situated the most rock-bottom of lots of risk factors under water level.The concept that MetS was named is the result of scientific thinking methods to be made use of the people in prevention and cure diseases long-term.The MetS admitted is a risk factor of cardiovascular diseases,and a correlative disease with diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases closely.The morbility and epidemic tendency of the MetS are higher than any other risk factors which have been known in cardiovascular diseases.


Objective To evaluate the effects of follow-up intervention by telephone with SMS on lifestyle and behavior habits of the patients with type2 diabetes. Methods Totally,200 patients with type 2 diabetes were devided into the follow-up group and the control group,each group had 100 cases. All patients received routine treatment and nursing care. The patients in the follow-up group received a follow-up intervention by telephone with SMS for 2 years,while the patients in the control group received an outpatient service follow-up. The change of patients' lifestyle and behavior habits and the control of blood-glucose was observed. Results In the end of 12 th month after discharge,diet control and disease knowledge in the follow-up group were significantly better than those of the control group( P 0. 05). In the end of 24 th month,the improvement of patients' lifestyle and behavior habits in the follow-up group were significantly better than those of the control group( P 0. 01 or P 0. 05). In the end of 6th,12 th,18th and 24 th month after discharge,the blood-glucose control in the follow-up group was significantly better than that of the control group( P 0. 01). Conclusion The follow-up intervention by telephone with SMS can significantly improve patients' lifestyle and behavior habits,help to control blood glucose.


Abstract Electrophoretic deposition methods have been developed for the fabrication of composite films containing biopolymers and bovine serum albumin (BSA). The mechanism of the deposition of chitosan–BSA films was based on electrophoresis of chitosan and BSA in acidic solutions, and co‐precipitation of insoluble chitosan and BSA in the high pH region at the cathode surface. The mechanism of the anodic deposition of alginic acid–BSA films was based on electrophoresis of alginate and BSA in basic solutions and precipitation of insoluble alginic acid and BSA in the low pH region at the anode surface. The deposition yield measurements and scanning electron microscopy investigations showed that the amount of the deposited material can be controlled by variation of the deposition time. Uniform films with thickness of 0–15 μm were obtained on conductive substrates. The films were studied by thermogravimetric analysis, differential thermal analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.


We report a simple and rapid route for synthesis of CdSe quantum dots at low temperature of 150°C by using the paraffin oil as a solvent in place of the conventional trioctylphosphine and trioctylphosphine oxide. The CdSe QDs were synthesized as a function of the growth temperature. UV-vis and PL data show a narrow emission peak at 552 nm with absorption peak of 533 nm, implying a uniform size distribution. The CdSe QDs reveal large blue-shifts in both UV-vis and PL data under the low temperature conditions, due to the quantum confinement effect depending on the smaller particle size.


High contrast (Δn ≈ 1) GeTe4 channel waveguides were fabricated on ZnSe substrates by lift-off and RF-sputtering techniques. Waveguiding at 3.7µm was demonstrated using an Optical Parametric Oscillator (OPO), for evanescent-field based biosensing applications.


AIM : To assesse the efficacy and safety of therapy with daclatasvir (DCV) and asunaprevir (ASV) for HCV genotype 1. METHOD : The study population was 253 patients who were enrolled in the Akita hepatitis C study group from 2015 to 2016. We followed them until 24 weeks after the end of treatment. RESULT : The sustained virological response (SVR) at 24 weeks after the end of treatment rates were 84.2%. In univariate analyses, the Y93 mutation and a history of triple therapy with protease inhibitor reduced the SVR 24 rate. In multivariate analyses, the Y93H mutation, a history of triple therapy with protease inhibitor, and LC status reduced the SVR 24 rate. The most frequently reported adverse event was ALT elevation, noted in 25.7% of patients. 10.7% of patients had T-Bil elevation, 7.1% experienced drug rush, 11.5% experienced respiratory symptoms, 10.3% developed a fever, and 7.1% experienced digestive symptom. Only 9 (3.6%) patients stopped taking the drugs due to drug-related severe adverse events. CONCLUSION : DCV and ASV therapy showed a high efficacy and low rate of adverse events.


. An overview is given of AGB stars imaged with the PACS and SPIRE instruments on-board the HerschelSpaceObservatory in the framework of the MESS Guaranteed Time Key Programme. The objects AQ And, U Ant, W Aql, U Cam, RT Cap, Y CVn, TT Cyg, UX Dra, W Ori, AQ Sgr, and X TrA all show detached or extended circumstellar emission.


Adamek, M. S. & Darrow, A.-A. (2005). Music in special education. Silver Spring, MD: American Music Therapy Association, 328 pages. ISBN: 1-8894914-15-2, $55 (AMTA member discounted price $40). Mary Adamek and Alice-Ann Darrow have brought their several collective decades of work in the field of special education to the text, Music in Special Education, and each author's solid background in the areas of disability served by special education is evident. Indeed, they could not have written this volume without their considerable expertise and years of work with the diverse populations of children having disabilities. Their writing validates the extensive experience that music therapists often have in the realm of special education and gives evidence of the strong knowledge base of that field available within the ranks of music therapy. Thus, with this volume in hand, music therapists have first hand access to core, basic information on students with various disabilities who are served by special education, legal aspects of service delivery, and practical applications. The major strengths of this work are the broad coverage of disabilities found in special education, key recommendations that serve as a "snapshot" of considerations in teaching students with special disabilities, overview of legislation affecting services to students with disabilities, and the focus on both music education and music therapy that make it a meaningful tool for the practitioner. Music in Special Education is extremely well organized and thorough. One of the most helpful design aspects of the book is the use of concise tables and figures presenting key points on topics in each chapter. From the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) and section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act comparison on page 34 to the fairly comprehensive examples of autism and music interventions on pages 190191, the authors provide information in easily accessible format. Tables and figures occur throughout and are a helpful addition to the written text. Chapters are further organized with overviews at the beginning and a summary with key points at the end. This format makes the book useful for a quick reference guide as well as an informed source of special education practice for the music educator/therapist. The authors follow a fairly standard and recognizable order of topics, beginning with the first six chapters that cover the provision of special education in the schools, laws affecting services, history, inclusion principles and teaching strategies, and music therapy/education techniques. The first chapter presents a brief overview of IDEA and other factors relevant to learning problems, along with the current philosophical orientation of people-first terminology and the changing role in schools for music educators and therapists. Chapter 2 reveals a very brief (perhaps a bit too brief) history of special education and music programs in the service of students with disabilities. Most of the content is recent history with a focus on legislation affecting special education, the six principles of IDEA, a comparison of IDEA and section 504, and a discussion of the other significant acts that impact service provision in special education (e.g., Americans with Disabilities Act and No Child Left Behind). Chapter 3 presents an excellent overview of inclusion and its benefits; the authors also discuss barriers to successful inclusion along with strategies to overcome them. It is clear that Adamek and Darrow believe fully in the practice of inclusion and they write about all the positive outcomes that can accrue from this practice. It represents a philosophical orientation to the authors rather than simply a service delivery option to consider. The only negative aspect of their presentation on inclusion is that it is overwhelmingly positive and does not address any of the concerns voiced by some special educators and parents regarding the academic learning outcomes of students with high incidence disabilities, such as specific learning disabilities. …


We propose a novel real-time physically-accurate simulation framework for the snap connection process. For this, we first notice the peculiarities of the process, namely, small/smooth deformation, stiff connector, and segmented contact. We then design our simulation to fully exploit these peculiarities by adopting the following strategies: 1) linear finite element method (FEM [1]) modeling, which is adequate to deal with the small snap connector deformation while providing much faster speed as compared to nonlinear FEM; 2) reducing the dimension by balanced model reduction (BMR [2]) and geometrical segmentation of the snap connector FEM model; 3) parallelized data-driven collision detection, which turns out to further significantly speed up our simulation. Experimentally verified simulations are also performed to show the efficacy of our proposed simulation framework. Video: https://youtu.be/s3sfPFIPS2c


In the above titled paper (ibid., vol. 45, no. 8, pp. 3100-3106, Aug. 09), there are several errors in the text. The corrections are presented here.


The invention relates to a display system (1) for a vehicle, comprising a screen (2) and at least one projection. A surface of the screen (2) is bent such that at least a first curved surface (2-1) and a second curved surface (2-2) are formed. The first curved surface (2-1) on which information is displayed is arranged aligned in the direction of an observer. The second curved surface (2-2) is formed so as to be displayed on the second curved surface (2-2) information can be projected in the direction of the at least one projection. The projection is spaced from the second curved surface (2-2) and arranged from a viewing direction of the observer behind the screen (2) visible to the viewer.


To determine the effect of comorbidity on 1‐year post‐treatment quality of life (QOL) in patients with head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC).


Background: Negative attitude toward psychiatry (ATP) among medical students is a serious concern. Some studies have concluded that after training in the subject, attitude changes toward positive side. Currently in India, medical students have a less intense course without separate exam or binding to attend training whereas physiotherapy students have more intense course with separate subject exam and binding to attend training in psychiatry. Objective: To ascertain and compare the positive and negative ATP in final year MBBS students and final year physiotherapy (BPTh) students who have completed psychiatry curriculum. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with semi-structured pro forma for sociodemographic variables and ATP-30 questionnaire to evaluate ATP of 94 medical and physiotherapy students each. Nonparametric methods were used for statistical analysis with appropriate tests of significance and P value was set at 0.05. Results: Mean ATP-30 score for medical students was 91.9 (standard deviation [SD] =7.0) and that of physiotherapy students was 105.8 (SD = 9.7), this difference in two groups was highly significant (Kruskal–Wallis H = 81.3, df = 1, P < 0.001). Of all medical students, 36 (41.4%) had negative attitude while only 2 (2.1%) of the physiotherapy students had negative ATP (χ2 = 41.7, P < 0.001). Boys were 2.6 times more likely to have negative ATP than girls (relative risk = 2.6, P = 0.005). Conclusions: Physiotherapy students with intense and planned training in psychiatry as an exam subject have significantly more positive ATP than medical students.


Although Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) rectified the valid IPv4 shortage, Network Address Translation (NAT) was deployed to decrease overwhelming demand for registered IPv4


Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) is an acquired hypermelanosis arising after inflammation or injury to the skin and can develop in all skin types especially in Fitzpatrick skin phototypes III to VI. In higher skin phototypes, chances of PIH following procedures using laser and other light sources are high. Therefore, it is becoming increasingly important to manage this unforeseen condition. Wide variety of treatment options are available for PIH, but there is limited literature regarding efficacy and safety of chemical peels in PIH. Hence, a thorough systematic review was performed by searching Pubmed, Scopus, Medline, and Cochrane databases in English language involving studies on PIH. Thus, this article is an attempt to bring together all the possible ways of using chemical peels (alone, in combination with other peels or topical agents) for the management of PIH.


This paper links the economist's analysis of free trade with the business strategist's analysis of the forces behind the globalization of competition. It is argues that, although the drive to globalization may seem different from the seeking of superior outcomes in competitive markets, this may be only because the modern reference point for competition is inappropriate. However, reference back to classical ideas of competition shows that both the advantages of globalization, and its disadvantages, had been anticipated by classical writers of the eighteenth century, most notably by Adam Smith.


Vehicular edge networks involve edge servers that are close to mobile devices to provide extra computation resource to complete the computation tasks of mobile devices with low latency and high reliability. Considerable efforts on computation offloading in vehicular edge networks have been developed to reduce the energy consumption and computation latency, in which roadside units (RSUs) are usually considered as the fixed edge servers (FESs). Nonetheless, the computation offloading with considering mobile vehicles as mobile edge servers (MESs) in vehicular edge networks still needs to be further investigated. To this end, in this article, we propose a Deep-Reinforcement-Learning-based computation offloading with mobile vehicles in vehicular edge computing, namely, Deep-Reinforcement-Learning-based computation offloading scheme (DRL-COMV), in which some vehicles (such as autonomous vehicle) are deployed and considered as the MESs that move in vehicular edge networks and cooperate with FESs to provide extra computation resource for mobile devices, in order to assist in completing the computation tasks of these mobile devices with great Quality of Experience (QoE) (i.e., low latency) for mobile devices. Particularly, the computation offloading model with considering both mobile and FESs is conducted to achieve the computation tasks offloading through vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications, and a collaborative route planning is considered for these MESs to move in vehicular edge networks with objective of improving efficiency of computation offloading. Then, a Deep-Reinforcement-Learning approach with designing rational reward function is proposed to determine the effective computation offloading strategies for multiple mobile devices and multiple edge servers with objective of maximizing both QoE (i.e., low latency) for mobile devices. Through performance evaluations, our results show that our proposed DRL-COMV scheme can achieve a great convergence and stability. Additionally, our results also demonstrate that our DRL-COMV scheme also can achieve better both QoE and task offloading requests hit ratio for mobile devices in comparison with existing approaches (i.e., DDPG, IMOPSOQ, and GABDOS).


Essential Cases: Tort Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Hunter v Canary Wharf Ltd [1997] AC 655. The document also included supporting commentary from author Craig Purshouse.


This article reports a study on the strain-sensitive conductivity (tensoresistivity) and mechanical properties of polyvinyl chloride/multiwalled carbon nanotube (PVC/MWCNT) composites subjected to tensile loading at different strain rates for potential use in sensor-enabled geosynthetics and other applications involving electrically conductive polymer composites. Results indicate that adding 0.5 wt % MWCNT to the composite results in 57% reduction in its ultimate (failure) strain and a fivefold increase in its tensile modulus while leaving its ultimate strength almost unchanged. Laser scanning confocal microscopy is used to investigate the microscopic failure mechanism of the composite and how it contributes to the strain-sensitive conductivity of the composites. It is observed that tensile fractures are initiated from inside the largest bundles between 18% and 36% strain and continue through further fractal-like fracturing in smaller bundles. Gauge factors (e.g., 3.17) comparable to or exceeding those of typical strain gauges are obtained for the composite, indicating its strong potential for structural performance monitoring and damage detection applications. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43665.


Others have reported ocular toxicity after adjuvant chemoendocrine therapy, but this study looked at ocular toxicity in similarly treated patients from large randomized clinical trials.


Sanghamitra Misra, Becoming a Borderland: Space and Identity in Colonial Northeastern India, Routledge, New Delhi, 2011, 236 + xiv pp., ₹695. Indrani Chatterjee, Forgotten Friends: Monks, Marriages, and Memories of Northeast India, Oxford University Press, New Delhi, 2013, 451 + xiv pp., ₹1025. Gunnel Cederlöf, Founding an Empire on India's North-eastern Frontiers 1790–1840: Climate, Commerce, Polity, Oxford University Press, New Delhi, 2014, 272 + xv pp., ₹895. Arupjyoti Saikia, A Century of Protests: Peasant Politics in Assam since 1900, Routledge, New Delhi, 2014, 480 + xix pp., ₹1195. Joy L.K. Pachuau, Being Mizo: Identity and Belonging in Northeast India, Oxford University Press, New Delhi, 2014, 273 + xv pp., ₹895. Udayon Misra, India's North East: Identity Movements, State, and Civil Society, Oxford University Press, New Delhi, 2014, 366 + ix pp., ₹995.


Menopause occurs in American women at an average age of 51. At this time in their lives a majority of today's women work outside the home for pay at least part-time, if not full-time (McKinlay, 1988). There is considerable evidence that women who are working experience fewer symptoms at menopause and are better able to cope with the stresses of family and relationships. On the other hand, there are almost no studies of work performance and the effects of menopausal symptoms or related disease conditions; yet there is reason to believe that many women are negatively affected.


An edge-coupled meandered three-coupled-line Marchand balun with a partial ground plane implemented in 0.13 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> SiGe Bi-CMOS technology is presented in this brief. The balance performance of the designed balun is significantly improved by creating a 'no ground plane' beneath the coupled-line structure, which is demonstrated by simulating two baluns: one with a partial ground and the other with a solid ground underneath. The measured amplitude and phase imbalances are less than 0.4 dB and 2.5°, across the 3-dB bandwidth from 21.5 to 95 GHz, surpassing previously reported results of edge-coupled Marchand baluns. The balun occupies 230 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}\,\,\times370\,\,\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>.


Depression is a cyclic disease with treatment that progresses through an acute, continuation, and maintenance phase, all with different therapeutic goals. Many terms are used to define therapeutic goals and/or treatment response including response, remission, recovery, relapse, and recurrence. For a pharmacist to be effective in working with a patient and their health care team when managing depression, they must have a clear understanding of these terms. A pivotal role for the pharmacist is monitoring a patient's response to treatment, especially during the acute phase when many stop their therapy. A careful assessment for response is needed 4 to 6 weeks after starting therapy and also 4 weeks after any dosage adjustment or change in antidepressant. Continued assessments for response and or relapse are needed throughout the continuation phase. By understanding the overall approach to treating depression, along with the specific terms associated with response, the pharmacist can make a meaningful contribution to a patient's treatment strategy.


Data resource database of the remote multimedia teaching platform is the key to the teaching platform. In order to overcome the problem of unbalanced load database load, the development and application of the remote multimedia teaching platform and data resource database are researched. The remote multimedia teaching platform is designed through nine functional modules: user management, course learning, group learning, personalized service, course production, Q&A system, homework system, testing system, and server management, Use distributed and XML data storage technology to design the data resource library, and use the distributed storage load balancing algorithm based on service type to ensure the load balance of the data resource library. So far, the design of the remote multimedia teaching platform and the data resource library is completed. The experimental results show that the remote multimedia teaching platform designed in this study has the fastest response speed under different concurrent users, and the load rate is lower than that of the traditional platform.


Oral cancer is the most common tumor of the head and neck region. Its management is based on surgical and systemic therapies. Taste disorders represent the most common side effect of these treatments; indeed, dysgeusia is noted by 70% of oral cancer patients. Despite survival remaining the primary endpoint of cancer patients, taste impairments can cause psychological distress. This comprehensive review describes the last decade's knowledge from the literature regarding taste alterations in patients with oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. A total of 26 articles in English, including prospective, cross-sectional, and case–control studies, and clinical trials were evaluated. Literature analysis shows that anti-cancer treatments can destroy taste cells, decrease and alter their receptors, and interrupt nerve transmission. Furthermore, the tumour itself can destroy the oral mucosal lining, which encloses the taste buds. Dysgeusia typically occurs in 3–4 weeks of treatments, and usually taste sensation is recovered within 3–12 months. However, some patients exhibit incomplete or no recovery, even several years later. Thus, dysgeusia can become a chronic issue and negatively influence patients' quality of life, worsening their dysphagia and their nutritional status. Physicians should be focused on preventing oncological treatment-related symptoms, offering the most suitable personalized support during therapy.


Focuses on partitioning the cache resources architecturally for energy and energy-delay optimizations. Specifically, we investigate ways of splitting the cache into several smaller units, each of which is a cache by itself (called subcache). Subcache architectures not only reduce the per-access energy costs but can potentially improve the locality behavior as well. We present a unified framework for designing, implementing and evaluating different subcache architectures. Different techniques for data placement, subcache prediction, and selective probing are proposed and evaluated using a diverse set of applications. The results show that intelligent subcache mechanisms proposed in this paper are effective.


The paper give a method of construct a virtual interactive training system for assemble equipment based on virtual reality technology in which trainees can experience how to assemble equipments. A new, simple and quick software solution of "modeling software + programming language" is proposed to design the system. After the actual used by trainees, it show that the system has characteristics of good interaction and strong immersion, the process of assemble equipments is realistic, efficient and convenient. Achieved its purpose of assemble equipments training, and it is a preparation and supplement to assemble actual equipments.


In the March (1899) issue of the JOURNAL, L. A. Bauer published a paper entitled, "The Physical Decomposition of the Earth's Permanent Magnetic Field," and in that paper were developed the principles and formulae upon which the decomposition was based. The present paper is an application of these principles and formulae for a special portion of the Earth, namely, the United States of America.

This investigation is based upon the series of magnetic charts constructed by Mr. C. A. Schott for the year 1900, and published in Appendix No. 1, Coast and Geodetic Survey Reports for 1896, and 1897. These charts give us the best possible representation of the distribution of the magnetic elements in the United States up to the date of the construction of the charts.


PURPOSE To provide the physician and registered professional nurse with an understanding of how nutrition impacts wound healing. TARGET AUDIENCE This continuing education activity is intended for physicians and nurses with an interest in learning more about the role nutrition plays in wound healing and how to supplement a patient's diet according to individual needs. OBJECTIVES After reading the article and taking the test, the participant should be able to: Determine a patient's daily caloric requirements. Identify signs of dehydration and malnutrition. Understand the role specific vitamins and minerals play in the wound healing process.


Abstract. The immune adherence hemagglutination (IA) method was found to be about 30 times more sensitive than the immunoelectroosmophoresis (IEOP) technique in detecting Australia antigen. In cases of hepatitis, it was possible to detect Australia antigen with the IA method 5 days after the IEOP technique had become negative. One out of 7 Australia antigen‐positive nonregistered blood donors at a certain time was negative with IEOP but positive with IA. The usefulness of the IA method compared to other techniques for detecting Australia antigen is discussed.


Background: The purpose of the investigation is to Compare Isobaric 0.5% Levobupivacaine With Isobaric 0.5% Ropivacaine In Brachial Plexus Block For Elective Upper Limb Surgery. Subjects and Methods: Intravenous access was obtained in the limb opposite to that undergoing surgery with an intravenous cannula-18G. Standard monitors, ECG, pulse oximeter, non invasive blood pressure, respiratory monitoring were connected and monitored continuously in all the patients and recorded at interval of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 60 minutes in the first hour and every 30 minutes thereafter till the end of surgery. All emergency equipments including intubation aids and drugs such as midazolam, thiopentone or propofol and 20% of lipid emulsion were kept ready to deal with any adverse events during the course of procedure/ surgery. Sixty patients aged between 18yrs and 60yrs physical status ASA grade 1 and ASA grade 2 undergoing elective upper limb surgeries were included in the study. Results: Demographic details Age, sex and weight were comparable in both the groups (no significant statistical difference was observed). These eliminated possible bias in term of gender, age, and weight distribution which can alter the study drugs pharmacokinetics and dynamics. The average pulse rate, mean arterial pressure, oxygen saturation and respiratory rate readings at frequent intervals did not differ significantly between two intervention groups ( p> 0.05 for all) No clinically significant bradycardia or hypotension was noted. Conclusion: Levobupivacaine should be considered for peripheral nerve block when postoperative analgesia is a concern but not when an early return of motor function is desired in postoperative period for upper limb elective surgeries. Demographic details Age, sex and weight were comparable in both the groups (no significant statistical difference was observed). These eliminated possible bias in terms of gender, age, and weight distribution which can alter the study drug pharmacokinetics and dynamics. The average pulse rate, mean arterial pressure, oxygen saturation and respiratory rate readings at frequent intervals did not differ significantly between two intervention groups ( p> 0.05 for all) No clinically significant bradycardia or hypotension was noted.


Analyzing thin bed reservoir requires more-accurate and higher-resolution logging tools. Standard openhole logs are incapable of analyzing the vertical resolution of thin bed layers. The high vertical resolution borehole imaging tool supported with standard logs generate more accurate and detailed estimation of thin bed computation. This technique is developed to derive a better quantitative analysis, including net-pay, porosity and water saturation calculation. An Indonesian operator faced non optimal standard log formation evaluation compared with mud log and drilling data. By recognizing that problem, an integrated solution was posed to analyze the thin bed and to optimize water saturation calculation. Normally, thin bed analysis is performed by using high-resolution resistivity data from wireline log, but recently an approach to performing thin bed analysis has emerged that uses an LWD resistivity image taken during drilling. The LWD image with 1inch vertical resolution is sufficient enough to accurately analyze thin beds compared to only using standard logs. The LWD tool produces absolute formation resistivity and is comparable with standard openhole resistivity but with higher vertical resolution. Thin beds orientation (azimuth and dip) and determination were obtained from manual dip interpretation using resistivity image data. Hence allow this analysis to also provide a true vertical thickness calibration. Sand count is then calculated with possible cutoffs and corresponds into lithology. Schlumberger internal petrophysical techniques known as SHARP, utilizes high-resolution resistivity log from image that enhance the vertical resolution of standard log and to perform moreaccurate thin bed petrophysical evaluation, which output very-high-resolution squared log, formation evaluation and thin bed reservoir summation. The Sand-count and SHARP analysis results are then compared to validate and optimize the method for thin bed identification and property determination. These analyses were implemented in GB wells and provide an improvement and accuracy in reservoir thickness, net sand and net-pay estimation.


Traditionally water resource systems in the UK are assessed
based on their performance during the worst historic drought
Current guidance suggests UK water companies need to plan system resilience to foreseeable future events and historic events. The uncertainty surrounding the predictions of groundwater supply during periods of low groundwater levels poses a challenge to water resource managers.


The Asturian Central Coal Basin in northern Spain has been an exploited coal mining area for many decades and its network of tunnels extends among more than 30 mines. Parts of this infrastructure will soon become available for alternative uses since most of the underground coal mining facilities in Spain will fade out in 2018 (EU 2010/787/UE). The network of tunnels in closed-down mines has been suggested as a possible lower storage for the development of an underground pumped-storage project. This infrastructure can hold approximately 200,000 m3 at depths that range between 300-600 m.


The pork sector in Ecuador has a dynamic rhythm of growth, pig farmers after yard
and industrialists are increasing the herd through genetic application, which is why
this type of exploitation is increasing, due to the profitability it shows. The study was
carried out in the parish of Manglaralto in the province of Santa Elena; using
descriptive research it was possible to establish the feasibility of pig production, in
order to diversify the production of pork to meet local demand and especially generate
sources of work for the locality. The results show that the pork meat is of high
acceptance since the 100% commoners surveyed indicated that they consume pork at
least once a week. In the financial analysis it was shown that the IRR (29%) of the
project is profitable, likewise the NPV ($ 583,947.56) exceeds the initial investment,
in turn the Benefit-cost ratio indicates that for every dollar of investment, a benefit of
$ 0.24 is obtained, going up to the tenth year to $ 0.64. Under these financial indicators,
we intend to implement a swine farm for the production and commercialization of meat
in the area.


Achieving therapeutic tacrolimus levels is an essential component of balancing immunosuppression in kidney transplantation. At our institution, the starting tacrolimus dose was reduced from .075 mg/kg BD (higher dose [HD]) to .050 mg/kg BD (lower dose [LD]), to better achieve our target level of 6–10 μg/L in the early posttransplant period. Kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) transplanted 1‐year before (HD: n = 64) and after (LD: n = 63) the starting dose reduction were retrospectively compared. Achieved tacrolimus levels were significantly lower in the LD group during the first 14 days posttransplant, but not at day 21 or day 28. A higher proportion of LD KTRs achieved therapeutic levels (day 1–3: 36.1% vs. 18.8%; day 4–7: 50.8% vs. 40.6%, day 8–14: 83.6% vs. 71.7%), while the HD KTRs were more likely to have supratherapeutic levels. Tacrolimus dose was significantly lower on day 5 compared to day 0 in the HD group but similar in the LD group. Rates of delayed graft function, posttransplant diabetes, and treated rejection at 6 months and graft outcomes at 3 years were all similar. Lowering the starting tacrolimus dose increased the proportion of KTRs achieving therapeutic range and minimized dose changes early posttransplant without an impact on clinical outcomes.


In this article we introduce the differential-area method for producing accurate phonon or electron density-of-states spectra. Its inherent advantages are that (1) the energy or frequency variable can be preset to any desired interval range; (2) no root-searching or gradient computations are required; (3) it is independent of any force model employed in deriving the matrix elements of a phonon-dynamical or electron-connectivity matrix; and (4) its numerical algorithm is totally crystal-symmetry independent. Model density-of-phonon-states calculations are performed for the next-nearest-neighbor cubic lattices and compared to an exact technique, the root surface method.