The purpose of this book is to examine the neural framework for language, reading, and spelling. Additionally, the book seeks to provide its reader with an appreciation for the complex relationships between the various neural structures that constitute the physiological basis for oral and written language. The book's intended audience is those individuals already possessing a basic knowledge of central nervous system anatomy and interested in the amalgamation, or interfacing, ofthe psychoeducational aspects of oral and written language with the neuroanatomical basis of language-related behavior. The primary thesis of Neuropsychology of Language, Reading, and Spelling is that the neuroanatomical underpinnings of language are highly complex, possibly highly variable, perhaps changing with age and definitely not well understood at present. The editor's intention, has been to bring together individuals who have studied the brain-behavior interrelationship from a diversity of professional vantage points so as to provide the reader with an awareness of parallel as well as highly divergent interests and findings. This permits those interested in the study of brain-language behavior relationships to view current thoughts and findings from perspectives different from their own. The book appears to have limited success in handling the wide array of viewpoints contained within its pages. At times the diversity of the individual chapters, ranging from depth of coverage of detail to general professional perspective, makes it difficult for the reader to focus on a unifying theme, or to view the individual chapters as contributing to a central theme. Although this diversity may limit the book's usefulness as a graduate level textbook, the individual chapters do address valid issues and raise interesting points with respect to the neuropsychological foundation of language. Moreover, those individuals interested in brain-language behavior relationships may find the variety of professional views both revealing and helpful with respect to formulating opinions concerning the neuropsychological foundation of language.


Signal integrity problems in the circuit breaker condition monitoring wireless nodes PCB design is more and more obvious,and solving the signal integrity problem is more and more important.This paper uses HyperLynx software for solving PCB board of reflection and crosstalk problems.The simulation model for wiring before and after wiring PCB simulation analysis makes the reflection produce overshoot amplitude be reduced to about 100 mV,and also makes crosstalk produce overshoot amplitude control in about 50 mV.The simulation results indicate that the established models of reflection and crosstalk model are suitable for the PCB design for signal integrity,and effectively solve the PCB signal integrity problems.


Recent archival research has revealed new data on the history of collecting and archaeology in northern Sicily during the nineteenth century, when Sicily was ruled by the Bourbons and annexed to the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies. Records show how collectors, dealers and diggers operated in this historical context, and authorities dealt with illegal excavations, acquisition of collections and exportations of finds abroad.
The main scope of this paper is to pinpoint an unexpected system of networks in Bourbon Sicily, focused on two principal case studies. First of all, I outline the so-called 'Network of state authorities', which comprises regional and local authorities dealing with the supervision and management of Sicilian antiquities. Archival research has clarified how the Bourbons undertook accurate and careful safeguarding to achieve this aim and to protect the archaeology. To explore this, I use the valuable case study of Giuseppa Giammone (1832), who found and collected ancient coins in Giarre (Catania) without reporting them to the local authorities.


High frame rate and ultra-low delay matching system plays an important role in various human-machine interactive applications, which demands better performance in matching deformable and out-of-plane rotating objects. Although many algorithms have been proposed for deformation tracking and matching, few of them are suitable for hardware implementation due to complicated operations and large time consumption. This paper proposes a hardware-oriented template update method for high frame rate and ultra-low delay deformation matching system. In the proposed method, the new template is generated in real time by partially updating the template descriptor and adding new keypoints simultaneously with the matching process in pixels, and incorrect boundary points are avoided when judged as isolated with distance-reachability to solve the problem of template drift. Evaluation results indicate that the proposed method successfully supports the real-time processing of the 784fps and $640\times 480$ resolution system on field-programmable gate array (FPGA), with a delay of 0.808ms/frame, as well as achieves satisfactory deformation matching results in comparison with other general methods.


Marxist ideological theory has always been the academician focus in the theoretic world.Germany Ideology was an important work in the creation period of Marxist ideological theory.The concept of Marxist ideology is magnificent and abstract concept of sociology and politics with critic spirit from a pure philosophy concept.The nature of ideology concept became a negative concept from neutral concept,and became a forceful theoretic weapon for Marx to criticize capitalist society.


Based on the method of imprecision(MoI)and the robust design,uncertainty factors which influences the quality of products were considered during preliminary design.Using MoI mapping from a design variable space(DVS)to a performance variable space(PVS),an aggregation function was built and incorporated in different performance preferences on PVS to accomplish aggregation preferences for multi-attributes or more estimating persons.The example of gearbox was illustrated an application of the aggregation function in the optimal decision making of robust design.The results show that it is a convenient and practical method.


The invention discloses a clamp for connection of a membrane lung in an extracorporeal circulation, and belongs to the technical field of medical appliances. The clamp comprises a fixed clip seat and a membrane lung connecting flange, wherein the fixed clip seat comprises a lifting cap, an upper end cap, a lifting plate and a lower end cap which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, and four vertical clip columns are uniformly distributed on the annular circumference of the lower surface of the lifting plate; the lower end cap is connected with the upper end cap by virtue of a flange; four horizontal clip columns are uniformly distributed on the cylindrical side surface of the lower end cap; the membrane lung connecting flange is a round cylinder with a bottom, and a fixed hole connected to the membrane lung is formed in the bottom; a connector is arranged on the inner surface of the round cylinder; the membrane lung connecting flange and the fixed clip seat are detachably connected by virtue of the connector. According to the clamp, the membrane lung can be quickly assembled and disassembled by virtue of the membrane lung quick connecting flange only by means of lifting and rotating two actions, so that the membrane lung can be assembled and disassembled quickly and conveniently, and the operation time can be greatly reduced.


The development of long-pulse-discharge XeF and KrF excimer lasers pumped by a generator with inductive energy storage and a semiconductor opening switch is reported. It is shown that the use of the inductive storage element enables sufficiently improved discharge stability and expands the laser pulse duration. The laser output pulses with a full-width at half maximum (FWHM) duration of 60 ns were obtained both in Ne–Xe–NF3 and Ne–Kr–F2 gas mixtures, corresponding to the laser specific output of 2.5 J/l and the intrinsic efficiency of over 1%.


Data fusion systems are being proposed for a wide variety of applications around the world to obtain the maximum benefit from expensive sensors and information systems. Examining surveys of data fusion work, it is apparent that while much activity has been devoted to implementing Level 1 systems with rigour derived from existing knowledge, implementation of Level 2 and 3 systems is often ad-hoc. Various testbeds are being developed to evaluate methods at all Levels. Methods of testing them are needed. This paper attempts to make a contribution to the general problem of performance measures for data fusion systems by presenting a general model. The model describes the data structures, processing stages and measures from generalised information theory. This theory includes measures of imprecision and ambiguity that are not represented by probability theory. Some intuitive results are shown to be qualitatively predicted.<<ETX>>


Part 1 Therapeutic themes: containing care making sense of symbolic communication whose feelings am I feeling? using the concept of projective identification exploring the language - a practice-based glossary support and supervision understanding the research. Part 2 Direct work: assessing the emotional needs of children and young people - using a need assessment programme using a therapeutic model of thought and practice healing play adolescence - a time of transitions the difficulties of working with violence in young people working with sexually abused children in the context of the family throughcare - supporting young people as they make the transition from residential care to the wider community. Part 3 The carer, the family, the group and the organization: isolated and beleaguered staff in impossible situations "residential staff should not touch children" - can we really look after children this way? adolescence and the struggle to feel real the re-enactment of family dynamics in child care working with unconscious dynamics in groups coping with anxiety and complexity - a model of management.


The impacts of the Bus Regulatory Reform Act of 1982 on service to residents of small communities must be viewed not just in terms of numbers of abandonments but also in terms of the level and type of replacement service available to such communities since 1982. This paper focuses on service to independent small towns in nonmetropolitan areas and the following are considered: (a) the level of replacement service directly stimulated by the act, (b) the nature of publicly sponsored alternative service, and (c) broader based programs that deal with the more fundamental questions regarding the nature of public demand for intercity bus service in rural areas. The adequacy and consistency of these various responses are then assessed. Research based on a review of available reports and hearings and supplemented by a series of telephone interviews conducted in June and July of 1985 with representatives of state transportation departments and state public regulatory agencies led to the following conclusions: (a) the potential for using publicly funded rural transit as an alternative form of service or as a feeder service has not been consistently explored by the states, nor has there been sufficient determination to use state programs to bolster the federal Section 18 program; (b) if effective intercity service is to continue in rural areas, a clear indication of public demand for that service and a public willingness to help meet that demand will be required; and (c) avenues for public-private partnerships are available, but in a deregulated environment they will not be explored unless communities can demonstrate demand and private companies can perceive the potential for profit.


dictates of patriarchal kinship? One is reminded of the practices of Venetian women to circumvent normative inheritance, which have been documented by Stanley Chojnacki, and Alan Bray's The Friend, which charts the oblique defiance of same-sex affiliations in early modern England. Sperling's book takes its place among other feminist and queer multidisciplinary studies in estranging the "straight" story of European historical norms to show us, in rich and learned detail, how European history is queerer than we might think.


A method for cleaning a mask and a method for manufacturing an organic light emitting display device are provided to improve reliability of the organic light emitting display device by minimizing a generation of a particle in a manufacturing process of the organic light emitting display device. A method for cleaning a mask includes the steps of: preparing a mask(10) where a thin film of a foreign substance is remained on a surface; and separating and removing the thin film from the mask by heat-expanding a surface of the mask. The thin film is composed of an inorganic insulation material(20). A thermal expansion of the mask surface is performed by illuminating a laser of 1064 nm wavelength to the mask. An energy of a laser illumination is set from 800 to 1000mJ. The inorganic insulation material is a silicon nitride or a silicon oxynitride. The inorganic insulation material is used as a passivation layer in the organic light emitting display device.


The impact factors in bridge members due to flat wheels and track irregularities were investigated. The maximum wheel flat height was taken as 0.2 in. (5 mm), maximum pier settlement as –0.25 in. (–6.3 mm) and maximum camber error as –0.5 in. (–12.5 mm). The track roughness spectra for class 6 track was used in the analysis, and only selected members of the 175 ft. pinned connections truss bridge were studied. The train of three 70 ton freight cars with spring constants of 11.2 kip/in. (1.96 kn/mm) per wheel were used. The train was moving at various speeds and with initial displacements of 0.25 in. (6.3 mm) and roll of 0.02 rad. Damping of the bridge and vehicle were neglected. The impact factors for the train moving at 50 mph (22.35 m./sec.) seem to agree fairly well with the current American Railway Engineering Association specification. Other conclusions are summarized.


Graph theory is a branch of mathematics and becoming progressively more important research area owing to its usefulness in diverse research fields. Usually, graph theory is used to model some empirical situation or binary relationship among various entities. This study aims to reveal the global research trends and the contribution from various countries, research institutes, scientific journals as well as areas of research through scientometric analysis. Alongside, this study aims to identify the research fronts of graph theory during successive periods by analyzing the research areas and research topics. About 20,260 publications in the graph theory research within a time span of 1986–2015 were retrieved and analyzed from Web of Science. This study revealed the most important and newly emerged research areas. Evolving trend of the research fronts in this field was visualized by drawing the keyword co-occurrence maps during successive periods.


We are implementing a materials genome strategy to discover or create new organic advanced functional materials. We are most interested in ferroelectric, piezoelectric and related properties. The three main components of the research are theory, synthesis, and measurement. The two main thrusts of the theory component are first-principles calculations, and data mining of archives such as the Cambridge Crystallographic Database (CCD) for organic compounds of interest. Novel formulations, including thin films, and new co-crystals of known electroactive organic components are also being investigated. Organic chemistry has historically not been as concerned with the electrical and mechanical properties of organic structures. This gives substantial weight to functional properties as a guide to the synthetic approach. Using this approach, we have identified several candidates. Of these, we have been able to successfully identify two new organic materials, both with electromechanical responses.


Many software development organisations today adopt global software engineering (GSE) and agile models, requiring software engineers to collaborate and develop software in flexible, distributed, online teams. However, many employers have expressed concern that graduates lack teamwork skills and one of the most commonly occurring problems with GSE models are issues with project management. Team managers and educators often oversee a number of teams and the large corpus of data, in combination with agile models, make it difficult to efficiently assess factors such as team role distribution and emotional climate. Current methods and tools for monitoring software engineering (SE) teamwork in both industry and education settings typically focus on member contributions, reflection, or product outcomes, which are limited in terms of real-time feedback and accurate behavioural analysis. We have created a dashboard that extracts and communicates team role distribution and team emotion information in real-time. Our proof of concept provides a real-time analysis of teamwork discussions and visualises team member emotions, the roles they have adopted and overall team sentiment during the course of a collaborative problem-solving project. We demonstrate and discuss how such a tool could be useful for SE team management and training and the development of teamwork skills in SE university courses.


Public willingness to comply with the police is desirable in democratic societies, and even more so in high-risk policing tasks such as protest policing. To allow freedom of speech while maintaining public order, officers require protesters to follow orders and cooperate. The process-based model of policing suggests that protesters' compliance will be mainly affected by their general perceptions of the police—primarily, trust in the police and perceptions of just policing procedures. In conjunction, police actions during a demonstration and the dynamics between officers and protesters can also affect protesters' willingness to comply. This study uses a series of Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression models to analyse survey responses of 470 protesters who participated in the 'Occupy' protests in Israel during 2012. Findings suggest that positive evaluations of trust in the police and policing procedures correlate with compliance; however, when protesters perceived police actions as negative, they were less willing to comply.


The molecule of the title compound, C20H22N2O2, an N-substituted oxindole obtained unexpectedly, is composed of a heterocyclic ring, which adopts an N-envelope conformation, and an isoindole group which is essentially planar.


In this work, the Author reconstructs and analyzes the institutional practice of perizia contrattuale. It can be called also expert determination, and It consists in a mechanism through which two subjects commission one or more third parties with specific technical-scientific skills – so called "periti," field-experts – to verify a relevant technical matter in a legal relationship or a controversy. The verification is considered binding by the parties involved.
The "history" about the phenomenon in question shows that it has been always compared to arbitraggio and arbitration.
In short, the work is organized in six chapters.
The first chapter begins with a short investigation into the historical context about arbitration and arbitraggio, in particular in the roman and medieval law.
In the second chapter, the Author explains the main theories about perizia contrattuale; in this chapter there is also an evaluation about the irregular arbitration and a short investigation into institutions in other legal systems which have the same characteristics of perizia.
The third chapter analyzes Spanish system of arbitration law; in this system perizia contrattuale is considered something different to arbitration.
In the fourth chapter, that is the heart of the work, after a description of the main differences between perizia contrattuale and arbitraggio, the Author compares perizia contrattuale to arbitration. He analyzes also the contract of ascertainment, and finally he explains that perizia contrattuale is a particular kind of irregular arbitration; perizia and arbitration differ only with regards to the object of verification.
In the fifth chapter, putting together the insights derived from the evolution of court decisions and making reference to the legal doctrine that has produced most in-depth studies of the phenomenon, the Author proposes the regulation of the phenomenon in question.
In the last chapter there is an investigation into the contestation of perizia contrattuale.


Chronic hypoxia triggers pulmonary vascular remodeling, which is associated with a modulation of the vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) phenotype from a contractile, differentiated to a synthetic, de‐differentiated state. We tested if altered expression of PKG could explain SMC phenotype modulation after exposure to hypoxia. Hypoxia‐induced reduction in PKG expression correlated strongly with the repressed expression of SMC phenotypic markers myosin heavy chain, calponin, vimentin, α‐smooth muscle actin and thrombospondin, indicating that exposure to hypoxia resulted in phenotype modulation to de‐differentiated state and PKG may be involved in SMC phenotype modulation. The results from PKG‐specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) transfection and treatment with DT‐3 (a peptide inhibitor of PKG, 30μM) in FPVSMC indicate that the expression of SMC phenotype protein expression decreased by hypoxia was also similarly impacted by PKG inhibition. Over‐expression of PKG in FPVSMC by transfection of FPVSMC with a full length PKG construct tagged with GFP (PKG‐GFP) reversed the effect of hypoxia on the expression of SMC phenotype marker proteins. These results suggest that PKG could be one of the determinants for the expression of SMC phenotype maker proteins and may be involved in the maintenance of the differentiated phenotype in pulmonary vascular SMCs in hypoxia.


Primary appendiceal mucinous adenocarcinoma is a rare entity, while appendiceal carcinoma invading the urinary bladder is even rarer. The current study presents the case of a 54-year-old male with primary appendiceal mucinous adenocarcinoma, without gastrointestinal symptoms, presenting only with signs of bladder irritation. Abdominal computed tomography scans demonstrated a mass at the right anterior level of the bladder. During intraoperative exploration, the mass was detected to connect and adhere to the ileocecal junction, and normal appendix tissues were not found. The frozen section revealed a mucinous adenocarcinoma of the appendix and the patient immediately underwent a subsequent hemicolectomy. The present case indicates that a diagnosis of a primary appendiceal mucinous carcinoma must considered by radiologists and clinicians for patients who do not exhibit gastrointestinal symptoms, but show involvement of the nearest organs and the bladder wall.


7604 Background: The value of achieving a complete response (CR) pre or post high dose therapy and autologous stem cell transplant (HDT-ASCT) in multiple myeloma is still uncertain. Knowing the impact of achieving a CR prior to HDT-ASCT on survival, may lead to the incorporation of novel therapeutic agents into the front line treatment of this disease. The aim of our study was to determine whether achieving a CR before or after HDT-ASCT affects overall survival (OS) in multiple myeloma patients.

METHODS
We performed a retrospective analysis of 88 consecutive myeloma patients receiving HDT-ASCT at our center from 1993 to 2004. The OS of patients achieving at least 90% reduction in their M-protein, i.e. complete response and very good partial response (CR/VGPR), pre or post HDT-ASCT, was compared to that of patients achieving a partial response or less (<90% reduction in M-protein). OS, defined as the number of months from HDT-ASCT to death or last follow up, was estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Response status was evaluated pre and at 100 days post HDT-ASCT.

RESULTS
Prior to HDT-ASCT, twenty-two (25%) patients achieved a CR/VGPR. Median follow-up time was 39 months for patients in CR/VGPR and 18 months for non-CR/VGPR group. OS at 5 years was 58% (95% CI: 21%-82%) for patients in CR/VGPR, compared to 69% (95% CI: 51%-81%) for all patients in PR or less prior to stem cell collection. Post HDT-ASCT, 48 (55%) patients achieved a CR/VGPR. Their OS estimate at 5 years was 67% (95% CI: 44%-82%) compared to 71% (95% CI: 27%-92%) for all other patients. Overall, 30% more patients achieved CR/VGPR post HDT-ASCT. However, the survival curves did not differ by response status pre or post HDT-ASCT (log-rank test p=0.58 and 0.57 respectively).

CONCLUSIONS
Our results suggest that achieving a clinical CR/VGPR pre or post HDT-ASCT does not appear to impact OS. These results might have been influenced by the small sample size and the possible need for a longer follow-up time. A more robust definition of CR at the molecular level, plus the use of novel therapeutic agents in front-line treatment, may better define the impact of achieving CR in multiple myeloma. No significant financial relationships to disclose.


We use the density matrix renormalization group method to study the groundstate "phase" diagram and some low-energy properties of an antiferromagnetic spin-1 chain with a next-nearest-neighbour exchange $J_2$ and an alternation \delta of the nearest-neighbour exchanges. We find a line running from a gapless point at $(J_2\delta) = (0,0.25\pm 0.01)$ up to a "gapless" point at $(0.73\pm 0.005,0)$ such that the open-chain ground state is fourfold degenerate below the line and is unique above it. A disorder line $2J_2 +\delta=1$ runs from $\delta =1$ to about $\delta = 0.136$. To the left of this line, the peak in the structure factor S(q) is at \pi, while to the right of the line, it is at less than \pi.


This paper presents an optimising model for integrating the traditional reliability prediction methodology with simple analytical techniques to facilitate the designer to decide upon the memory fault-tolerant choices of an onboard computer. In this exercise, the hardware reliability estimates of a circuit without any error correction as well as that of a circuit with error detection and correction were calculated. The failure rates of each component and soldering have been accounted for in these prediction procedures. A suitable probability distribution is chosen for data errors and is analytically combined with the hardware reliability predictions to study the trade-offs. An optimum strategy for introducing the hardware error correction logic in the circuit is presented.


In this paper the geochemical characteristics can be used to study soil inside and outside of Changling Tomb. The study results show such elements as Cl, S, P, N, C, Hg, Au and organic matter in the Tomb soil also enrich in surface. But Hg and Au are anomaly on both sides of Wugong, which affects soil Hg in the southeast of the Tomb outside and soil Au in the southwest and south of the Tomb outside. The results show that difference of the total REE content in soils between inside and outside Tomb is not obvious, and the REE distribution patterns are similar to each other, which suggests that the soils are originated from the same source area.


When reproducing only the temporal and spectral characteristics of a sound source, but not its spatially varying radiation patterns, the perception of timbre at the listener's position can be both inaccurate and unrealistic. This is especially true in reverberant environments such as concert halls. Preserving the radiation characteristics of a sound source has therefore become a challenging task in virtual audio environments. This article discusses technologies applied to a networked audio live concert in which the sound radiation characteristics of a solo instrument have been transmitted over the Internet in order to enhance the listening experience. The sound field was captured with a surrounding 64-channel spherical microphone array at the IEM in Graz, decomposed into spherical harmonics and streamed with lowest possible latency over the Internet to IRCAM in Paris. At IRCAM the solo instrument was reproduced with a linear 128-loudspeaker wave field synthesis (WFS) array. The mapping of radiation patterns encoded in spherical harmonic domain to circular harmonic domain is outlined with respect to WFS rendering.


Abstract: The purpose of this article is to offer a Polanyian perspective on the issue of guaranteed income (GI). In analyzing the debate over the Speenhamland system, especially as Karl Polanyi ([1944] 2001) describes it in The Great Transformation, he offered an important criticism of a GI program that some contemporary Polanyian economists have been struggling to come to terms with in their writings. Instead of defending a GI policy by seeking to reject Polanyi's analysis of the problem, I suggest that we should consider embracing Polanyi's concern by proposing a comprehensive twin policy that would complement a basic income program with a Keynesian full employment commitment.


A newly proposed algorithm named single pixel evaluation (SPE) has been developed to increase the resolution of micro-PIV to its physical limit of one pixel. Despite the SPE is able to improve the resolution significantly in comparison with conventional cross-correlation, some phenomenon are still unknown due to its infancy, resulting in discrepancies between the analytic predictions and the experimental measurements. To provide reliable rules as applying the SPE, an overall inspection of the algorithm's behaviors is essential. This paper investigated five general factors, determining their performances via synthetic particle images subjected to a parabolic flow profile. The factors include particle image quality, particle image density, search radius (SR), particle image displacement, and particle image diameter. The results indicate that the particle image quality behaves the most significantly among the factors. Moreover, the SPE was also compared with the fast Fourier transform based cross-correlation (FFT-CC) under the equivalent signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The tendencies of optimal values with respect to different factors are revealed in the following text. To complete the study, experiments on a straight microchannel were implemented to verify the observations from the simulations. The measured images which followed the suggested rules show better results than the other ones.Copyright © 2006 by ASME


Robert McClintock has already called attention to the poor state of the works in English of Jos6 Ortega y Gasset.1 He has pointed out, first, the lack of proper introductions explaining the origin, gestation, and, in short, relation of the works to the circumstances surrounding them and, second, the fact that there has been no systematic and comprehensive effort to render Ortega's thought into English. Instead, certain works divorced from their context have been translated and


The purpose of this paper is to develop a conceptual model that can be used in supporting the association between the many facets of total quality management (TQM) practices and its impact on competitive advantage. The theories of TQM and competitive advantage serve as the theoretical foundation to build up the conceptual model. This proposed conceptual framework could provide valuable knowledge to top management in the organizations to improve their quality management practices and subsequently achieving competitive advantage.


The estrogen-like effects of 4-nonylphenol(4-NP)in vivo of female Carassius auratus were investigated in this paper.We gave intraperitoneal injection in female Carassius auratus with the dose of 1(mg·)kg~(-1),50 mg·kg~(-1),100 mg·kg~(-1) of 4-NP or 1 mg·kg~(-1) of 17β-estradiol(E_2) respectively.The expression of α type estrogen receptor(ER-α) and CYP1A in liver was evaluated by RT-PCR and the concentration of E_2 in serum was measured by fluorescent immunoassay in 24 h and 48 h of injection.The results show that 1 mg·kg~(-1) of E_2 increased expression of ER significantly both in 24 h and 48 h(P(0.01)).In 4-NP treatment group,the concentration of E_2 was decreased and the expression of ER was increased with the increase of 4-NP's level.In 1 mg·kg~(-1) of 4-NP treatment group,there is a significant increase of expression of ER at 24 h(P0.01) and 48 h(P0.05),the concentration of E_2 was decreased at 24 h(P0.05) yet returned slightly at 48 h,and CYP1A's expression is up-regulated at 24 h(P(0.05)) and 48 h(P0.01).In 50 mg·kg~(-1) of 4-NP treatment group,there is a significant increase of expression of ER at 24 h(P0.01) and 48 h(P0.05),the concentration of E_2 was decreased significantly both at 24 h and 48 h(P0.01),and CYP1A's expression is up-regulated at 24 h(P(0.05)) and 48 h(P(0.01)).In 100 mg·kg~(-1) of 4-NP treatment group,there is a significant increase of expression of ER both at 24 h and 48 h(P0.01),the concentration of E_2 was decreased significantly at 24 h(P0.05) and 48 h(P0.01),and CYP1A's expression is up-regulated(P0.01).Effect of increasing of ER's expression is E_2100 mg·kg~(-1) 4-NP 50 mg·kg~(-1) 4-NP 1 mg·kg~(-1) 4-NP;effect of decreasing of concentration of E_2 is 100 mg·kg~(-1) 4-NP 50 mg·kg~(1) 4-NP 1 mg·kg~(-1) 4-NP.The effect of 100 mg·kg~(-1) of 4-NP on ER's expression is close to that of 1 mg·kg~(-1) of E_2,this indicates that 4-NP has weak estrogen-like effects.And 4-NP can up-regulate the expression of CYP1A(dose-dependent).That increase in ER's expression and decrease in E_2 in 4-NP treatment group provide support of 4-NP's endocrine disruption via ER pathways in Carassius auratus.


This article analyzes the participation of Afro-Caribbean men as officials in different local officees within the bureaucratic structure of the State in the Province of Limon, Costa Rica, in order to discuss the relevance of this phenomenon as a background for the construction of citizenship of the afrodescendants in said province, between 1880 and 1924. In a racist society such as that of Costa Rica, this is relevant because afrodescendant men of Jamaican origin held public offices, notwithstanding the regulations that impeded foreigners from occupying these positions. The research seeks to comprehend this phenomenon by analyzing the contemporary legislation that regulated the public positions studied and the participation of the afrodescendant population in these offices, as well as the role their communities played in acquiring access to the institutions. Based on the available sources, a preliminary conclusion is that the incorporation of Afro-Caribbean men into the public service in Limon was due to two mechanisms: on the one hand, their communities' efforts in favor of their contracts and, on the other, the State's interest in contracting them. It is also concluded that although their incorporation as officials of the State did not automatically result in formal citizenship, it opened new spaces for their exercise of certain rights that were reserved, in principle, only to Costa Ricans.


Increasing numbers of Citizen Force personnel are completing their period of service and being discharged into the limbo of a general reserve. This seems a sad waste of trained personnel. A possible system whereby more efficient utilisation of such personnel could be achieved is outlined below:


Objective: To study the effect of early atherosclerosis on cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in rats Methods: After 36 weeks of hyperlipid food, reversible occlusion of the bilateral carotid arteries was made, by ligating for 45 minutes followed reperfusion of 3 days, the level of MDA and NO in the serum and brain tissue and the activity of SOD, NOS and GSH PX in brain tissue were examined At the same time, the pathologic lesion of aorta and brain tissue were also observed Results: Rats could become early atherosclerotic after 36 weeks of hyperlipid food The hyperlipid operation group rats showed a more severe injury than the nonhyperlipid operation group ones Conclusion: Atherosclerosis can accelerate the ischemia reperfusion injury


The utility model provides a cryopreserved pipe structure which allows leakage to be not easy in long-term ultralow-temperature refrigeration, enables cells not to be contaminated and ensures the normal proceeding of subsequent experiments. The cryopreserved pipe structure comprises a pipe body and a pipe cap, wherein the pipe cap covers the pipe body. The cryopreserved pipe structure is characterized in that the pipe cap comprises a central circle, a peripheral ring surface and a central structure protruding downwards, a top ring structure of an orifice of the pipe body is embedded in an annular space which is formed by the central structure protruding downwards and the peripheral ring surface, and the external ring surface of the orifice and the peripheral ring surface of the pipe cap are in threaded fastening connection with each other.


GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT ABSTRACT A series of new N-phosphorylated derivatives of cis-tramadol were synthesized in a two-step process with good yields to evaluate the pro- and antioxidant activities (LPO, NO2−, total SOD, and CAT). In the first step, cis-tramadol (1) was treated with 4-nitro/2-chlorophenyl phosphorodichloridate (2/3) in the presence of triethylamine (TEA) to yield the intermediates (4/5). Further these were subsequently treated with various primary and secondary amines in the presence of TEA to afford (1R)-2-((dimethylamino)methyl)-1-(3-methoxyphenyl)cyclohexyl substituted phosphonates/phosphoramidates (6a-f/7a-f). Their structures were established by IR, NMR (1H, 13C, 31P), mass spectra, and C, H, N analysis. From the results it was disclosed that phosphonate derivatives (6a-f) exhibited more potent antioxidant activity than that of phosphoramidate derivatives (7a-f).


Based on Zhonghua Road Bridge in Liaocheng city, a single tower hybrid cable-stayed bridge, the stress of the steelconcrete joint of the girder is studied using the finite element method with the software MIDAS and ANSYS. The beam element model of the whole bridge is established in MIDAS CIVIL, from which the internal forces of the critical sections of the steel–concrete joint under six adverse conditions are obtained. Then, the results are applied in the refined solid-shell finite element model established in ANSYS. With the stress analysis, it is found that when the steel–concrete joint is used in the girder of the single tower cable-stayed bridge, both the compressive strength of concrete and the tensile strength of steel can be fully used, and the structural stiffness can be smoothly transferred through the two different materials in the joint, which makes the structural behavior more reasonable. The detailed stress analysis also shows that it is prone to generate considerable stress concentration at the corners and the connection between the steel lattice chamber and the pressure bearing plate, and the concentration can be avoided by local stiffening and smoothing of the chamfers. The sensitivity analysis of the web thickness in the joints and bearing plates showed that increasing the thickness of the intermediate web would lead to a moderate reduction in the stress of the web itself, while the stress in the steel member remained relatively constant. However, when the thickness of the bearing plate is increased from 60 to 80 mm, the stress of each part of the steel plate in the steel grid will be significantly reduced, and the maximum reduction can reach 48%. The improvement of concrete strength has little effect on the stress of the steel cell, and the C50 concrete strength grade used in the design is more reasonable.


This paper extends recent results [Lakshmivarahan and Narendra, Math. Oper. Res., 6 (1981), pp. 379–386] in two-person zero-sum sequential games in which the players use learning algorithms to update their strategies. It is assumed that neither player knows (i) the set of strategies available to the other player or (ii) the mixed strategy used by the other player or its pure realization at any stage. The outcome of the game depends on chance and the game is played sequentially. The distribution of the random outcome as a function of the pair of pure strategies chosen by the players is also, unknown to them. It is shown that if the players use a learning algorithm of, the reward-penalty type, with proper choice of certain parameters in the algorithm, the expected value of the mixed strategies for both players can be made arbitrarily close to optimal strategies.


A method of outputting a sound of a portable apparatus having a touch screen includes detecting a touch on a shortcut icon of a plurality of shortcut icons displayed on a touch screen, executing an application corresponding to the shortcut icon in response to the touch, detecting an angle between a first housing including a first touch screen and a second housing including a second touch screen by using a sensor, and determining an output mode based on the angle and a property of the application, and outputting a sound through a plurality of speakers according to the output mode.


The Latin Monetary Union was initiated in 1865 by France, Belgium, Italy, and Switzerland. We find that LMU membership or adoption of a gold standard is frequently associated with lower volatility of private bill yields, bond yields, inflation, and deviations from Purchasing Power Parity. However, neither standard induces convergence with LMU leader France or gold standard leader Great Britain. Bond yield spreads indicate that adoption of the gold standard is more credible than membership of the LMU. Italy is an outlier, perhaps due to errant fiscal and monetary policies. A comparison to the modern EMS/EMU confirms that the LMU was a weaker and less credible currency arrangement.


Nowadays, almost everybody believes that quantum chromodynamics (QCD)is the theory of strong interactions. Therefore, the nucleon-nucleon (NN) interaction is completely determined by the underlying dynamics of the fundamental constituents of hadrons, i.e., quarks and gluons. Nevertheless, the meson exchange picture keeps its validity as a suitable effective description of the NN interaction in the low-energy region relevant in nuclear physics for the following reasons: Due to asymptotic freedom, QCD in terms of quarks and gluons can be treated perturbatively only for large momentum transfers, i.e., at distances smaller than 0.2 fm or so, which typically occur in high-energy physics processes. At larger distances relevant in nuclear physics, a description of strong interaction processes in terms of the fundamental constituents, because of the highly non-perturbative character of QCD in this region, becomes extremely complicated and is not possible, neither at present no in the foreseeable future.


In the field of analog VLSI design, current conveyors have reasonably established their identity as an important circuit design element. In the literature published during the past few years, numerous application have been reported which are based on a variety of current conveyors. In this paper, an oscillator circuit has been proposed. This oscillator is designed using a single positive type second generation current controlled current conveyor (CCCII+). A CCCII has parasitic input resistance on it's current input node. This resistance could be exploited to reduce circuit complexities. Thus in this accord, a novel oscillator circuit is proposed which utilizes the parasitic resistance of the CCCII+ along with a few more passive components.


A second bulk compressional wave has been observed in water‐saturated porous solids using a transmission ultrasonic immersion technique. In this technique, the bulk modes are generated in a solid layer based on the concept of mode conversion and refraction at liquid‐solid interfaces. With this technique, the sound speeds of the normal compressional wave, shear wave, and second compressional wave were determined. The pulsed ultrasonic system incorporated commercially available pulser/receiver electronics and nondestructive testing type broadband transducers with a center frequency of about 1 MHz. The porous solids studied included samples composed of sintered glass spheres and samples from two types of commercially available filtration materials. The porosity of the samples ranged from 10%–40% and the fluid permeability ranged from 1–10 μm2 (i.e., 1–10 Darcy). Velocity data will be presented as a function of porosity and fluid permeability. The second compressional wave speed is approximately 25% of the no...


Enterobius vermicularis is an intestinal parasite with a cosmopolitan distribution and the disease which causes (enterobiasis) is one of the most common helminth infection worldwide. According to literature data it affects nearly 1 billion people and is found in various socio-economic groups. Everyone is susceptible to infection, but children are more often affected than adults due to their poorly developed hygiene habits. Patients with enterobiasis are often reinfected which together with the high endurance of the pinworm eggs in the environment contributes to the difficult control of the disease. In recent decades, a number of studies have been conducted on the genotypic characteristics of the nematode, including sequencing, which accumulates data on phylogenetic varieties of the species to improve the diagnosis and control of this infection in humans.The available data reveal influence of E. vermicularis on the local immunity of intestinal mucosa in infected individuals, but these data are scarce and contradictory and do not clarify the significance of this influence on the clinical manifestations of the disease. Additional studies are needed to define the relationship of this effect with the clinical symptoms of the disease.


This paper discusses the concepts of static and dynamic quality enunciated by Robert Pirsig in relation to concepts of variation and statistical control enunciated by W. Edwards Deming. The relationship between static and dynamic is seen to reflect a fundamental truth present in many systems, and is posited to lead to approaches to foster innovation and dynamic change. Three dimensions for addressing dynamic change concern operational processes, organizations and the environment. Along all three dimensions, the challenge for organizations is how to foster, recognize and manage the variation necessary for dynamic change. Approaches are discussed for doing this and conclusions are presented.


Abstract : This document describes an assessment of several existing logistic and maintenance estimation techniques and modeling approaches was conducted to evaluate their suitability for supporting exploratory research into the development of tools for assisting in the minimization of maintenance burden for existing and future material systems. A conceptual model of factors influencing maintenance demand was used as a baseline against which to evaluate the selected modeling approaches. The existing approaches evaluated were determined to be highly resource and time-intensive, which may make them less than optimum for near-term payoff research. An approach involving development and utilization of reduced-scale maintenance system models for exploratory research was described, and this approach was recommended for research support in maintenance demand minimization. Keywords: Modeling manpower requirements, Personnel requirements, System acquisition, Estimation models, Maintenance, Logistics.


The moisture adsorption and thermodynamic properties of sorghum-based complementary foods were investigated. Non-fermented and fermented sorghum, crayfish, Mango mesocarp and fluted pumpkin leaf powders were blended in the ratios of 91.06% non-fermented sorghum: 0.17% mango mesocarp: 8.77% fish (NFSMC), 91.06% fermented sorghum: 0.17% mango mesocarp: 8.77% fish (FSMC), 91.04% non-fermented sorghum: 0.19% fluted pumpkin: 8.77% fish (NFSPC) and 91.04% fermented sorghum: 0.19% fluted pumpkin: 8.77% fish (FSPC). The sample formulations were done based on 16% protein using material balance. Established procedures were used for sample preparation and analyses. The equilibrium moisture contents (EMCs) generated through static gravimetric method was fitted with Guggenheim-Anderson-deBoer (GAB) model by polynomial regression analysis. The moisture adsorption isotherms of the samples exhibited sigmoidal shape (Type II). The enthalpy of monolayer ranged from 50.34 to 60.75kJ/mol, multilayer ranged from 43.83 to 45.89kJ/mol and bulk water ranged from 42.98 to 44.20kJ/mol. The isosteric heat of sorption decreased with increase in moisture content, the entropy of adsorption of NFSMC, FSMC and FSPC decreased as the moisture content increased. The isokinetic temperature ranged from 326.51 to 603.33K while the harmonic mean temperature was 297.78K. The adsorption process was enthalpy driven. Therefore, NFSMC, FSMC and NFSPC are recommended for their relatively lower moisture content.


Local governments inspect roads to decide which segments and intersections to repair. Videos are taken using a camera mounted on a vehicle. The vehicle taking the videos proceeds straight or takes a left turn to cover an intersection fully. We introduce the intersection inspection rural postman problem (IIRPP), which is a new variant of the rural postman problem (RPP) that involves turns. We develop integer programming formulations of the IIRPP based on two different graph transformations to generate least-cost vehicle routes. One formulation is based on a new idea of transforming a graph. A second formulation is based on a graph transformation idea from the literature. Computational experiments show that the formulation involving the new graph transformation idea performs much better than the other formulation. We also develop an RPP-based heuristic and a heuristic based on a modified RPP. Heuristic solutions are improved by solving integer programming formulations on an induced subgraph. Computational experiments show that the heuristics based on the modified RPP perform much better than the RPP-based heuristics. The best-performing heuristic generates very good quality IIRPP-feasible routes on large street networks quickly. Summary of Contribution. Our paper addresses a real-world problem faced by local governments during road inspections. The real-world problem that we solve and the methodologies that we use fall at the intersection of computing and operations research. We introduce the intersection inspection rural postman problem, which is a new variant of the rural postman problem that involves turns to capture this real-world scenario. The rural postman problem is an important problem in vehicle routing. Studying new variants of this problem is key to extending the practice and theory of vehicle routing. We develop an integer programming formulation based on a new idea of transforming a graph and also develop heuristics based on the rural postman problem.


Line outage contingency ranking and analyses using various Performance Index (PI) approaches are investigated in this study. Independent contingency rankings based on voltage, real power, reactive power, voltage fused with reactive power and real power amalgamated with voltage fused reactive power PI are the ranking methods used. Analyses of most severe contingencies resulting from different ranking methods are carried out and the behavioural patterns of the affected transmission lines investigated and validated. Newton Raphson power flow equations developed in Matlab environment are used for these analyses while IEEE 30 bus network is the test system. Line 28–27 outage which is the most severe contingency based on voltage PI ranking resulted into both line overloads and bus voltage limits violations, while outage of line 2–5 which is the most severe contingency consequent of real power PI ranking only resulted into line thermal limits violations.


1. Blumenfeld A, Nikolskaya G. Glossopharyngeal neuralgia. Curr Pain Headache Rep 2013;17:343. 2. Claesen P, Plets C, Goffin J, Van den Bergh R, Baert A, Wilms G. The glossopharyngeal neurinoma. Case reports and literature review. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 1989;91:65-9. 3. Shah RV, Racz GB. Pulsed mode radiofrequency lesioning to treat chronic post-tonsillectomy pain (secondary glossopharyngeal neuralgia). Pain Pract 2003;3:232-7. 4. Maarbjerg S, Di Stefano G, Bendtsen L, Cruccu G. Trigeminal neuralgia-diagnosis and treatment. Cephalalgia 2017;37:648-57. 5. Athenstaedt H. Pyroelectric and piezoelectric properties of vertebrates. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1974;238:68-94. 6. Jänig W, Baron R. Complex regional pain syndrome: Mystery explained? Lancet Neurol 2003;2:687-97. 7. Siegenthaler A, Haug M, Eichenberger U, Suter MR, Moriggl B. Block of the superior cervical ganglion, description of a novel ultrasound-guided technique in human cadavers. Pain Med 2013;14:646-9.


The question of whether juvenile offenders should be handled in criminal court has been addressed by a number of studies. However, few have examined the effectiveness of the type of transfer mechanism and how it relates to protecting the public. Whether the mechanism used to transfer juvenile offenders to criminal court has any effect on the likelihood of being convicted of a target offense criminal court is examined here. It was found that the juveniles sampled in this study had a greater chance of being convicted on their target offense in criminal court if they were sent there via judicial waiver than if they were excluded from juvenile court jurisdiction by statute.


Summary Rather than seeking Strzygowski's intellectual parentage in his methodology or archaeology, this paper explores another way in which he has shaped the scholarship of subsequent generations. His work Die Baukunst der Armenier und Europa (1918) furnished an archaeological and critical basis for the study of Armenian architecture. According to him, the basilica was the product of Mediterranean "power-men" or Machtmenschen, a decadent and tyrannical people who deployed it as a means of propaganda or Machtkunst to subjugate the Aryans. Strzygowski's Armenian theories were based on an imaginative chronology which assigned the origin of the Armenian dome to the fourth century.


The first version ofa solarcellsimulator specifically designed fortheanalysis ofmultijunction solar cells is presented. The simulation programsolves thePoisson and continuity equations by usinga procedure optimized for multilayer structures. Itincludes theradiative interband, Shockley-Read-Hall andAugerrecombination mechanisms, and computes thegeneration function ofelectron-hole pairs fromthe optical parameters ofthecell materials. Thedependence ofthese optical parameters withthephotonenergyhasbeenincluded, taking intoaccount thedoping level anditseffect onbandgap narrowing. Thesimulator isapplied totheanalysis ofadual- junction GaInP/GaAs solar cell, obtaining results comparable to experimental datareported bydifferent authors. Moreadvanced versions ofthesimulator areinprogress, withtheaimof obtaining atooluseful foroptimal design ofmultijunction solar cells.


The philosophical stance of St. Thomas Aquinas and that of Francisco Suarez may be compared from at least two different standpoints: the metaphysical one and that relating to their political and legal doctrines. As 1997 marks the 400th anniversary of the publication of Disputations Metaphysicae by Doctor Eximius, the former comparison was deemed more appropiate. Since a range of topics may be chosen even within that area, the distinction between essence and existence was selected as the most suggestive - real in the case of St. Thomas Aquinas, and merely of reason in Suarez. Not in vain has this distinction occasioned the hashest debates betwwen the followers of Aquinas and Suarez over the last four centuries.


CITATION: Gush, M. & Greeff, A. P. 2018. Integrating positive psychology principles and exercises into a second-language high school curriculum. South African Journal of Education, 38(3): #1638, doi:10.15700/saje.v38n3a1638.


SIR—Lymphangiomas may be congenital or acquired and related to a host of genetically, metabolically, or anatomically defined conditions or lesions. Lymphangioma of the tongue may lead to a dry ⁄ cracked tongue with ulcerating secondary infections, difficulty in swallowing and mastication, speech disturbances, exclusive nasal breathing, airway obstruction, mandibular prognathism and other possible deformities of maxillofacial structures (1,2). Anesthetic concerns include bleeding, difficulty visualizing the airway, extrinsic and intrinsic pressure on the airway causing distortion, and enlarged upper respiratory structures, including the lips, tongue, and epiglottis (3). There seems to be a little information on the anesthetic management for this age group in English literature. We pay attention that huge lymphangioma of the tongue might cause various anesthetic problems especially on airways which we should keep in mind. A 4-year-old male with a clinical presentation of macroglossia is described, which was causing difficulty in eating, speaking, and breathing. The child's parents were aware of the enlargement since birth and reported that the tongue continued to grow larger as the child aged. The child was otherwise developmentally healthy and of normal height (97 cm) and weight (20 kg). Clinically, the tongue appeared diffusely bulky, dry, and ulcerated but exhibited texture and movement. The child had a severe anterior open bite as a result of tongue thrust, with accompanying malocclusion and short neck. The child's laboratory values, mental and psychological status, and neurological and other systematical examination findings were normal. The main indications of surgery were to obtain good cosmetic appearance and functional upper airway, thus it was decided to reduce the tongue size. Suggesting that intubation and airway management of the case would be difficult, the necessary preparations for difficult laryngoscopy and intubation were made. His airway was not obstructive even during sleep. Mallampati class was evaluated as one. Inhalation induction of anesthesia was not performed because of preoperative indirect laryngoscopy showed adequate space around the larynx. For 3 min, preoxygenation with 100% oxygen was obtained by the help of a mask which is large enough to cover his mouth, nose, and protruding tongue (Figure 1). Without problem, anesthesia induction was achieved with propofol and fentanyl without muscular relaxant after routine anesthesia monitoring. A laryngoscope blade was used one number bigger than expected. Although the vocal cords were invisible, endotracheal intubation was succeeded at first attempt by the help of a guidewire, and then muscular relaxant was administered. After intubation, tracheostomy was opened. Maintenance of anesthesia was provided by O2 ⁄ dry air, fentanyl, and vecuronium during the operation. After the operation, residual neuromuscular block was reversed after the patient gained ability to open his eyes and to respond to simple verbal command. The postoperative course was uneventful. Upper airway obstruction is a frequent problem in spontaneously breathing children undergoing anesthesia or sedation procedures. Failure to maintain a patent airway can rapidly result in severe hypoxemia, bradycardia, or asystole, as the oxygen demand of children is high and oxygen reserve is low (4). Macroglossia may interfere with normal breathing, particularly during sleep, produce sleep apnea, and in certain instances, producing a life-threatening upper airway compromise (2). The main responsibility of the anesthetist is to keep the airway open safely and to do what is necessary to continue the adequate gas exchange. Both direct laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation are still the technics of choice in supplying safe airway. In such circumstances, controlling the airway becomes extremely difficult. The incidence of difficult intubation in non-obstetric cases was reported as 0.05–2% (5). Further intubation technics, such as fiber-optic intubation, retrograde intubation, and blunt nasal intubation are taken into consideration in cases whose airway have not been controlled because of anatomic and technical causes. As in our case with protruding macroglossia, it is possible to do endotracheal intubation without employing the alternate method of visualization of the vocal cords by indirect laryngoscopy. Nevertheless, in the presence of macroglossia protruding outwards, preoxygenation should be *Presented in part at the 41st Annual Meeting of the Turkish Society of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Antalya, October 2007. Figure 1 Lateral view of the huge lymphangioma. CORRESPONDENCE 1127


Christina Petterson reviews Neil Elliott, The Arrogance of Nations: Reading Romans in the Shadow of Empire . Paul in Critical Context series. Minneapolis: Fortress Press 2008.


The principal and teachers of Whitbourne Central High School had requested that two graduate students in reading do their internship in the high school. The internship was concerned with improving the reading abilities of the students. For this intern, work was specifically oriented toward the grade eight students and teachers in order to improve the reading ability of these students. -- Little was known, at first, other than these students had reading problems. Before setting specific objectives for the internship, this situation was further assessed in order to gain information about the students, their problems, and the present reading program. From using various sources of information, such as a formal reading test, interest inventory, and observation of the community and school resources, the problem was further identified. -- Most of the grade eight students were reading below the appropriate grade level, had little reading material available to them, and had a negative attitude toward reading. There was no organized reading program in the school, and the teachers had little knowledge of reading, the basic skills in reading, or the reading and study skills related to the content areas. Selected as objectives for the internship were the promotion of recreational reading, the improvement of the students' vocabulary and comprehension skills, the improvement of reading instruction in the content areas, the encouragement of the planning of an organized reading program, and the provision of inservice education in
reading to the principal and teachers. -- These objectives were implemented through such means as classroom demonstrations of lessons or skill activities, formal and informal meetings, written resource materials, and the placement of reading materials in the classroom appropriate to the reading levels of the students. -- Very little planning of an organized reading program was done for the following year. However, the principal and teachers expressed their intention to begin this planning in September, as they felt that now, as a result of the internship, they knew more about reading and their students.


government has also relied heavily oil the 'conspiracy' provisions of the Indian Penal Code. Sections 104 and 107 of the Criminal Procedure Code have been used systematically to crush attempts to organise the peasantry and the tribal population.


In the design of embedded hardware/software systems, exploration and synthesis of different design alternatives and co-verification of specific implementations are the most demanding tasks. Networked embedded systems pose a new challenge to existing design methodologies as novel requirements like adaptivity and runtime-reconfigurability arise. In this paper; we introduce a co-design environment based on the Java language which supports specification, co-synthesis and prototype execution for dynamically reconfigurable hardware/software systems.


The present invention provides a marine pumped storage power generation device that suppresses floating and sinking of a water-pumping portion and a power generation portion regardless of the amount of water in a water storage tank, even when the pumped storage power generation device is located on the ocean, and which allows maintaining both the pumping function and the power generation function without increasing cost. A marine pumped storage power generation device according to the present invention is characterized in being: installed on the ocean; composed of a water-pumping portion for pumping water, a power generation portion for hydroelectric power generation, and a water storage tank portion for storing water; and provided with a movable mechanism for independently moving all or part of the water storage tank portion in relation to the water-pumping portion and the power generation portion in accordance with the floating and sinking of all or part of the water storage tank portion.


We introduce an $n$-species totally asymmetric zero range process ($n$-TAZRP) on one-dimensional periodic lattice with $L$ sites. It is a continuous time Markov process in which $n$ species of particles hop to the adjacent site only in one direction under the condition that smaller species ones have the priority to do so. Also introduced is an $n$-line process, a companion stochastic system having the uniform steady state from which the $n$-TAZRP is derived as the image by a certain projection $\pi$. We construct the $\pi$ by a combinatorial $R$ of the quantum affine algebra $U_q(\hat{sl}_L)$ and establish a matrix product formula of the steady state probability of the $n$-TAZRP in terms of corner transfer matrices of a $q=0$-oscillator valued vertex model. These results parallel the recent reformulation of the $n$-species totally asymmetric simple exclusion process ($n$-TASEP) by the authors, demonstrating that $n$-TAZRP and $n$-TASEP are the canonical sister models associated with the symmetric and the antisymmetric tensor representations of $U_q(\hat{sl}_L)$ at $q=0$, respectively.


The invention provides a storage device configuration management system which can simplify the management and configuration of a storage device and improve the usability of the storage device. The storage device configuration management system comprises a client side configuration module and a storage device server side configuration module, wherein data transmission is conducted between the client side configuration module and the storage device server side configuration module according to a configuration demand schedule; the configuration demand schedule is manifested as a data structure set which can be identified by both the client side configuration module and the storage device server side configuration module; the configuration demand schedule comprises a storage characteristic part and a connection characteristic part; the storage characteristic part contains requirements of a user for the capacity of a storage space, read-write speed, data security, RAID level and data encryption; the connection characteristic part contains the requirements of the user for iSCSI configuration, NAS configuration and FTP configuration of the storage device. The invention further provides an application method of the storage device configuration management system.


Crowd scene analysis has caught significant attention both in academia and industry as it has a great number of potential applications. In this paper, we propose a novel spatial-temporal pyramid matching scheme for crowd scene analysis. Video segments are represented as concatenated histograms of all cells at all pyramid levels with corresponding weights, which reflect corresponding matches at finer resolutions are weighted more highly than that found at coarser resolution. Using the classical stochastic gradient descent method, we also propose an online one-class support vector machine algorithm for online anomaly detection scenarios. Extensive experiments have been carried out on two benchmark datasets and the comparison to the state-of-the-art methods validate the advantages of our approach.


[Objective]To compare CT and MRI in the diagnosis of acute brain injury clinical value.[Methods]In our hospital from July 2008 to July 2010,60 patients with acute brain injury were collected.30 patients were treated with CT,30 cases were tested with MRI examination.We compared the positive rate and abnormal prognosis and abnormal parts of the two methods.[Results]The positive rate of abnormal part detected by MRI examination was significantly higher than that of CT examination,and the sites of brain injury detected by MRI examination was significantly higher than that of CT examination(P 0.05).[Conclusion]Application of MRI examination has good advantage in diagnosis of brain injury detected by CT.


To find out optimum operating conditions for a EHC system, space velocity, coexistence gases and O₂ concentration effects were examined. The best HC and CO conversion efficiency was obtained in the range of 13000 - 14000 1/h space velocity. It was found that HC conversion at cold-start of the engine was improved by the coexistence of CO. While, O₂ concentration and coexistence of NOx did not affect the conversion efficiency of HC.


Vibrations in the pipeline cause serious operational and commercial problems. These systems have high resonance frequencies with a high dynamic gain factor due to their inherently low mechanical damping. These systems can respond with large vibration amplitudes when exposed to external turbulence, pressure pulsations, or external forces such as mechanical devices. Tuned Mass Dampers (TMDs) are an excellent way to reduce resonant vibrations. Although TMD is commonly used in civil and mechanical engineering, vibration control is rare in the piping industry. In this paper, TMDs are designed for M-shaped pipe structures after performing modal and harmonic analysis using ANSYS Workbench with and without TMD in the pipe structure.


The work is devoted to the calculation of the optimal parameters of diffraction gratings for input and output of radiation from the holographic lightguides for augmented reality glasses. Two main stages can be distinguished, namely: the calculation of the grating's period in each of the optical lightguides to obtain a multicolor image in a large field of view, and the calculation of the height of the relief profile (to maximize the diffraction efficiency).


This study aims to analyze (1) the partial effect of entrepreneurship education on interest in entrepreneurship, (2) entrepreneurial motivation on interest in entrepreneurship, and (3) the simultaneous influence of entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial motivation on interest in entrepreneurship of students of the UNESA Economics Education Study Program. The research used is correlational (associative) with a quantitative approach. The study used primary data obtained from questionnaires. The method of analysis used multiple linear regression analysis. The object of research is the 2017-2019 Unesa Economics Education Study Program students with a sample of 135 students. The study results show that entrepreneurship education has a significant effect on interest in entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial motivation has a significant effect on interest in entrepreneurship, and entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurship motivation simultaneously have a significant and positive effect on students' interest in entrepreneurship.


The control method includes following procedures: collecting variable data including compensating current in three phases, load current in three phases, DC voltage, and AC voltage etc; using instantaneous p-q theory converts instantaneous voltage in three phases to alpha and beta coordinate system; in selecting control structure and mode, the control method uses dual closed loop control system formed from voltage and current variables; voltage is as outer loop control variable in use for stabilizing system voltage, and current is as outer variable in use for raising compensation speed of harmonic compensation current. The invention discloses strategy of carrying dual closed loop control of voltage and current for active filter, aiming at dissatisfactory present status by using domestic active filter to restrain harmonic and carry out compensation.


Using the methods of social investigation,literature and mathematical statistics,the author made analysis on the function of shaanxi town government in rural sports.Taking mass sports and rural Sociology as theoretical basis,the paper discussed the regularity and features of rural sports so as to provide reference for its development.


The increasing integration of renewable resources and electric vehicles (EVs) presents new requirements for the construction of a current distribution network. As an alternative of conventional distribution network, active distribution network (ADN) has gained more interest for its flexibility and interactivity. However, the unpredictable behavior of ADN participants from source-side, network-side, and demand-side brings more challenges on ADN dispatch. Thus, it is urged to design an ADN optimal scheduling approach that can comprehensively regulate the ADN participants' behavior. In this paper, an ADN performance assessment system is first established to provide a quantitative analysis on ADN's scheduling in terms of active controllability, active manageability, and active economy, respectively. Then, according to the ADN assessment system, a multi-stage optimal scheduling approach for ADN considering coordinated EV charging strategy is proposed. It is able to not only smooth the fluctuations caused by the integration of intermittent power sources and EVs but also reconfigure the network topology. Therefore, this approach can be applied to day-ahead dispatches to help operators effectively manage the ADN. Simulation results verify the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed approach.


Gastroesophageal reflux disease is a multifactorial pathology that occurs due to the passage of gastric content into the esophagus and even into the oral cavity. The current prevalence worldwide is 8 - 33% and occurs at any age, with a predominance in the female gender. The incidence of symptoms in South America is 17.6% and in ours it has a prevalence of around 13%. The main risk factors are overweight and obesity, as well as the presence of hiatal hernia. It has also been linked to some medications and the intake of foods such as coffee, chocolate and fatty foods. Typical symptoms are heartburn and regurgitation, which are usually episodic. Extra-esoph-ageal symptoms of the laryngeal and pulmonary type may also occur, such as hoarseness, clearing of the throat and chronic cough, associated with pharyngitis, laryngitis and in some cases pulmonary fibrosis. The diagnosis is made by endoscopy of the upper digestive tract and its treatment is generally based on changes in lifestyle and the use of proton pump inhibitors, which represents a high expense for the patient and health institutions. In advanced cases, surgical management may be necessary.


The lidar studies of the polarization characteristics of natural and anthropogenic atmospheric objects have been actively pursued in recent years both in their experimental and theoretical aspects for the needs of the applied meteorology and ecology.


The swollen-shoot virus of cacao is transmitted in the Gold Coast by mealybugs, of which Pseudococcus njalensis Laing is the most important, and these are tended by ants of the genus Crematogaster , which build carton tents over the colonies, thus affording them protection against contact insecticides. An account is given of an investigation which was carried out at Tafo, Gold Coast, between 1950 and 1953, of the possibility of controlling mealybugs and thus the spread of the virus, by the use of systemic insecticides. Dimefox, schradan, paraoxon and parathion were tested, although the two last are not strictly systemic in action.


In the membrane computing, the exponential num-ber of membranes is usually used for computationally hard problems to create exhaustive solutions. However, the number of membranes means the number of cells, and reduction of the number of membranes must be considered because the cells cannot be created exponentially. In the paper, we propose an asynchronous P system for Hamiltonian cycle using with branch and bound to reduce the number of membranes. In addition, we evaluate the number of membrane used in the known and the proposed P systems with experimental simulations. The experimental results show validity and efficiency of the proposed P system.


Abstract : Cysticercosis is caused by cysticercus cellulosae, which is the larva of Taenia solium , the pork tapeworm. The larvae are carried in the blood stream after penetrating the walls of the alimentary tract and they lodge in different tissues like the skin, skeletal muscles, brain, fundus and heart, to cause disseminated cysticercosis. Cases of intermuscular cysticercosis have rarely been reported in the literature. They may inhabit the muscles and cause muscular hypertrophy, which, at times, may assume gross proportions. Morbidity is usually caused by the involvement of the central nervous system eye. The larval form can invade many tissues in humans, to cause disseminated cysticercosis. Generalized symmetrical pseudohypertrophy of muscles, in such conditions, has previously been reported only in twelve cases. We hereby present a case of parasitic cyst of thigh which posed a diagnostic dilemma. Keyword :Cysticercosis, Taenia solium


Presents test selection criteria for Prolog programs which are based on control flow. The control flow in Prolog programs is not obvious because of the declarative nature of Prolog. The authors present two types of control flow graphs to represent the hidden control flow of Prolog programs explicitly. A fault model is developed for Prolog programs for guidance on test selection. Test selection criteria are given in terms of the coverage on these control flow graphs. Under the given fault model, the effectiveness of these criteria is analyzed in terms of fault detection capability of the test cases produced with these criteria.<<ETX>>


Electric drives for electrified vehicles need to fulfil some specific requirements from automotive markets such as high efficiency, high volume power and torque densities, low-cost but safe-to-touch, high functional reliability, high torque quality, and flux-weakening control. In this context, multiphase permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) drives have become suitable candidates to meet the above requirements. The main objective of this doctoral thesis is to propose and refine fault-tolerant control strategies for non-sinusoidal multiphase PMSM drives that require less constraints on their design. In addition, constraints on current and voltage defined by the inverter and the machine are considered to optimize the machine control under the non-sinusoidal condition without exceeding their allowable limits. Therefore, the system sizing is guaranteed, especially in flux-weakening operations. The proposed fault-tolerant control strategies, based on the mathematical model of multiphase drives, enrich the control field of multiphase drives by providing various control options. The selection of one of the proposed control options can be a trade-off between a high quality torque but a low average value and a high average torque but a relatively high ripple. The control and torque performances of the drives can be refined by using artificial intelligence with a simple type of artificial neural networks named ADALINE (ADAptive LInear NEuron). With self-learning ability, fast convergence, and simplicity, ADALINEs can be applied to industrial multiphase drives. All proposed control strategies in this doctoral thesis are validated with an experimental seven-phase PMSM drive. The non-sinusoidal back electromotive force (back-EMF) of the experimental seven-phase PMSM is complex with the presence of multi-harmonics. Experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed strategies, and their applicability in a multiphase machine with a complex non-sinusoidal back-EMF.


doi/10.1093/ser/mwz002/5384535] 1. Making Sense of Financialization Studies Scholarship on financialization has unquestionably taken flight in recent years. The concept gained prominence in the social sciences with a special issue dedicated to the topic in the journal Economy & Society (2000). Its subsequent popularity was strengthened by the 2001 dot.com crisis and even more so by the Great Financial Crisis of 2008. If anything, those events convinced social scientists that financialization is an appropriate analytical lens through which to view ongoing developments in global capitalism. Through such a lens, scholars have connected increased financial market dependence to severe real-world consequences, including economic instability (Sotiropoulos, Milios and Lapatsioras, 2013), socio-economic inequalities (Godechot, 2016; Lin and Tomaskovic-Devey, 2013), and a growing lack of democratic accountability (Nölke, 2018). As of date, more than 460 academic journal articles with 'financialization' or 'financialisation' in the title have been published, and many hundreds more take financialization as their topic (Web of Science, 2018). Arguably, the scholarship has now grown to the extent that we can speak of a veritable field of financialization studies. Socio-Economic Review has become one of the main journals for financialization scholarship. Curiously, however, financialization studies do not necessarily constitute a new approach to political economy. Financialization scholarship is not confined to the field of political economy. From heterodox economics and social accounting studies, the concept has travelled into various socialscientific (sub)disciplines, such as cultural studies (Langley, 2008), sociology (Krippner, 2011), and geography (Aalbers, 2016). Even within the field of political economy, financialization scholars do not take a singular approach to their object of research. Instead, they employ a range of methodological and epistemological approaches, including statistical analysis (Pagliari and Young, 2014), single and comparative case analysis (Mertens, 2017; Engelen, Konings, and Fernandez, 2010), historical analysis (Van der Zwan, 2017a), and discourse analysis (Gabor, 2010). Some scholars draw heavily on historical institutionalism (Trampusch, 2015), while others take on Callon's notion of performativity (Braun, 2016; Besedovsky, 2018) or a Foucauldian emphasis on governmentality (Lagna, 2015; Mader, 2015). The popularity of the concept across disciplinary and methodological boundaries has therefore resulted in a highly pluriform field of scholarship, which for that very reason is difficult to define and delineate. The concept's application has also expanded in a geographical sense. The first generation of financialization scholarship was strongly rooted in the Anglo-American political economies. To political economists, the origins of the financialization process in this region made sense analytically. With their stock market-based financial systems, those political economies were considered particularly susceptible to financialization. Newer scholarship, then, began to identify variations of financialization, using the familiar language of the Varieties of Capitalism approach. This often entailed a focus on core political economies outside of the Anglo-American world, most notably the European CMEs (Belfrage, 2008; Kädtler, 2009; Engelen, Konings, and Fernandez, 2010). A further geographical broadening of the financialization literature has generated scholarship on the wealthy Asian political economies (Lechevalier, Debanes and Shin, 2017; Rethel, 2018), China (Wang, 2015), and the developing or emerging political economies (Bonizzi, 2013; Kaltenbrunner and Painceira, 2017). Although financialization studies are still heavily biased towards the core political economies, the number of publications with other regional perspectives is growing, including within the main political economy journals. Despite the pluriform nature of this scholarship, studies of financialization have a number of things in common. First, they identify a fundamental transformation in 20 century capitalism, through which finance has shed its subservient role vis-à-vis the productive forces and instead has adopted an autonomous – and in many cases, dominant – presence in the political economy. Understanding this transformation requires a broader conceptualization of finance beyond political economy ́s traditional focus on stock markets and banks to include other financial actors, such as sovereign wealth funds, pension and welfare funds, consumer credit and mortgage providers, etc. Second, this broader notion of finance has in turn directed scholarly attention to the impact of these structural changes on the lived experience of citizens within their everyday existence. Consequently, the household has reemerged as an important unit of analysis, in addition to the corporation or the state. Finally, scholars emphasize the crisis tendencies inherent to financialized capitalism, rather than assuming finance's contribution to productive growth. This often leads scholars of financialization to adopt an openly critical attitude towards the empirical developments they describe, with many proposing alternative futures of economic development. In short, financialization studies have both broadened and deepened scholarly understandings of what finance is and what is does, while problematizing its reach along the way. 2. Financialization Studies and CPE Comparative political economy is one of the main areas in which scholarship on financialization has been published. Financialization scholars have proposed new ideas on how political economies are constituted, operate, and change over time. Most importantly, studies of financialization challenge the distinction between bank-based and market-based financial systems, as found in Zysman (1983), Deeg (1999), and within the Varieties of Capitalism approach (Hall and Soskice, 2001). From the perspective of financialization, this dichotomy has lost some of its analytical strength: financialization seems to have affected political economies with much different institutional characteristics. To some extent, this is a matter of convergence: there is evidence, for instance, that non-financial corporations in CMEs have adopted pro-shareholder policies under pressure of Anglo-American investors (Alvarez, 2015; Fichtner, 2015), although the extent of convergence is debated (Maxfield, Winecoff, and Young, 2017). Here, financialization works like globalization or neoliberalization, an exogenous force of change which can easily be adopted within CPE's historical institutionalist perspective. Financialization studies have similarly pointed at endogenous sources of change. Hardie et al. (2013), for instance, introduce the notion of "market-based banking," showing that even banks in CMEs have become reliant on capital markets for both the funding of loans as well as their subsequent securitization. However, the banking system is only one of the sites of change studied by financialization scholars. Home mortgages, welfare funds, consumer credit, public finance – all of these constitute alternative means through which the influence of finance has grown, even in those bank-based CMEs that from a traditional CPE perspective should have been resistant to it. The scholarship's attentiveness to finance in its many incarnations has brought attention to those endogenous sites of change, such as the pension system (Trampusch, 2017; Van der Zwan 2017b) or the housing market (Fernandez and Aalbers, 2016), that are often historically intertwined within other institutions within the national political economy. According to Engelen and Konings (2010, p. 622), therefore, these financial configurations 'are better seen as constituting a highly complex structure of interacting funds, cross-cutting networks, and overlapping credit relations than as consisting of discrete realms of financial action.' Financialization also has implications for scholarly understandings of political preferences. The scholarship on financialization works from the assumption that the democratization of finance has created new dependencies of households on financial markets (Ertürk et al., 2007). The question for CPE is if and how such dependencies are translated into political preferences. CPE scholarship ties political preferences to citizens' status in labor markets: wage-earner or employer, insider or outsider, etc. Under financialization, however, citizens' status in financial markets becomes equally important, whether as shareholders, mortgage owners, or pension plan participants. Financialization scholars recognize the tension that may exist between the two positions: in a highly financialized environment, one's employment position might suffer from the same practices that one would welcome as a shareholder. Similar questions can be raised regarding the interest organizations traditionally representing wage-earners, such as labor unions. Unfortunately, little is known about citizens' preference formation under financialization, although important advances are being made in this area of research (Bridgen and Naczyk, 2018; Pagliari, Philips and Young, 2018). Financialization also extends to the state. To scholars of financialization, the state is an important engine behind the financialization process. From the 1970s onwards, states lifted important controls on capital mobility and thereby provided relatively free reign to financial actors (Krippner, 2011). The subsequent expansion of global financial markets coincided historically with rising public debt levels, which in turn led to the emergence of what Streeck (2014) has named the consolidation state. In its wake, governments have adopted innovative ways to make their public debt marketable through financial engineering (Lagna, 2015; Fastenrath, Schwan and Trampusch, 2017). There is an impo


The possibility of using the Syst@me Probatoire de l'Observation de la Terre (SPOT)-VEGETATION (VGT) data for global burned area mapping with a single algorithm was investigated. Using VGT images from south-eastern Africa, the Iberian Peninsula and south-eastern Siberia/north-eastern China, we analysed the variability of the spectral signature of burned areas and its relationship with land cover, and performed the selection of the best variables for burned area mapping. The results show that in grasslands and croplands, near-infrared (NIR) and short-wave infrared (SWIR) reflectance always decreases as a result of fire. In forests and woodlands, there may occur a simultaneous decrease of SWIR and NIR or an increase of SWIR and a decrease of NIR. Burning of green vegetation (high values of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI)) tends to result in an increase of the SWIR. The best variables for burned area mapping are different in each region. Only the NIR allows a good discrimination of burned areas in all study areas. We derived a logistic regression model for multi-temporal burned area mapping in tropical, temperate and boreal regions, which handles the spectral variability of burned areas dependent on the type of vegetation. The results underline the feasibility of a single model for global burned area mapping.


Background:A population pharmacokinetic model for phenytoin in Asian pediatric patients was developed to determine the influence of concurrent medications, patient demographics, and blood biochemistry on the pharmacokinetic profile of phenytoin. Methods:Retrospective clinical data were obtained from 66 patients (age, 1–16 years) for the determination of pharmacokinetic parameters of phenytoin using WinNonmix. Data from 49 patients (74.2%) were allocated in the "index" group, and the other 17 patients (25.8%) in the "validation" group. Models were compared by final log likelihood, mean error as a measure of bias, and root-mean-squared error as a measure of precision. Results:The Michaelis–Menten constant (km) and volume of distribution (V) were fixed at 9.08 mg/L and 1.23 L/kg, respectively. The saturated elimination rate (V × Vmax) of phenytoin was then found to be 0.525 mg/kg per hour (352.9 4 mg/d for a 28.0 kg individual). Patients' body surface area (in square meter) and catalytic activities of liver enzymes aspartate aminotransferase (U/L) and alkaline phosphatase (U/L) appeared to have significant correlation with Vmax, whereas coadministrating drugs with phenytoin did not yield any significant effect. The final model for the saturated elimination rate wasIn validation of the final model, the mean error was found to be −0.805 (95% confidence interval, −3.67 to 2.06), and the root-mean-squared error was 7.92 (95% confidence interval, 3.41–12.43). Conclusions:The obtained results indicated the need to consider patients' body surface area and the catalytic activities of liver enzymes aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase when dosing phenytoin. Based on the population pharmacokinetic parameters, a nomogram was subsequently developed for dose individualization of phenytoin in Asian pediatric patients.


By tradition, Carnegie Mellon University seeks innovative ways to integrate computing and advanced technology into research and education. This ambition extends to classroom design as well.


Properly designed anechoic chambers are crucial to the experimental characterization of antennas and scatterers. The walls of an anechoic chamber are lined with lossy material to simulate a free space environment. The front surface of the absorber is often a periodic structure that reduces reflection from the air-absorber interfaces. This paper presents a method to design high performance periodic absorbers backed with a perfect electric conductors (PEC) using genetic algorithms (GAs). Genetic algorithms (GAs) have become very popular in electromagnetic design due to their robustness, capacity to search without gradient information, and ability to operate on discrete and continuous parameters simultaneously. The objective function optimized by the GA is derived from the finite element-boundary integral (FE/BI) method, which has a relatively simple formulation and is thus attractive for simulating complex inhomogeneous lossy or penetrable structures with conductors of arbitrary cross section.


In a Palaeo-Tectonic-Domain based classification involving an evolutionary model of '"Terrane-Terrane amalgamation through "Palaeo-sutures" for the Southern Granulite Terrain (SGT), India, the alkaline-carbonatite and related rocks fall within three distinct domain groups viz., Group 1 - "Within Micro-terrancs", Group 2 - "Along the Margins of Micro-Terranes with palaeo-sutures" and Group 3 - "Within Palaeo-sutures". These Late Proterozoic to Early Palaeozoic alkaline and related rocks of SGT falling within the above three groups have inherited the geochemical attributes of their respective Archaean Palaeo-Domains and fall in the fields of such domains in many of the tectonic discriminant plots used and studied by various workers in the different sectors of SGT. Such inheritance of Palaeo-Domain characteristics points to the validity of both the terrane amalgamation through Palaeo-Sutures evolutionary model for SGT as well as the Tectanic-Domain-Based classification of the alkaline related rocks of SGT. It also adds further support to the interpretation of crustal contamination in the genesis and emplacement of alkaline and related rocks in SGT, as deduced from other sources such as field relationships, petrographic criteria etc., while evidences from isotopic signatures are inconclusive.


Performances of hydrocracking base stock,hydroisomerization dewaxing base oil and solvent refining base oil were studied in order to select the proper base oil for CF-4 5W/40 diesel engine oil.And the effects of base oil,VII and functional additives on low-temperature dynamic viscosity were investigated,as a result,the influence of base oil is the biggest.It provides the basis for preparing CF-4 5W/40 diesel engine oil with big span viscosity grade.


This bachelor's thesis is dealing with intradepartmental accounting guidelines of Iberofon CZ, company. The theoretical part is focused on basic facts of intradepartmental accounting guidelines, like the meaning of the guidelines, their properties, belongings, structure and legislative needs. The practical part is concentrated on the company conditions. There is an analysis of current intradepartmental of the Inerofon CZ, company according to current changes in valid laws, regulations, directions and international accountant standards. At the end I suggest new intradepartmental accounting guidelines concerning the chart of accountants, fixed tangible and intangible asset, depreciation and amortization plan, evaluation of stock, exchange rate differences, accruals, provisions and reserves of the company.


Using a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) measurement system, CO2 and CH4 capacity trapped by a solid-state ionic liquid, tetrabutylphosphonium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide [P4 4 4 4][NTf2], which was coated on the surface of a quartz crystal under pressures from 0.1 to 3 MPa at 30 °C, was calculated on the basis of the Sauerbrey equation. The frequency data under the pressure of 4 MPa are not applicable for CO2 measurements, because the ionic liquid film was destroyed and the frequency signal was perturbed possibly as a result of the reduced evenness of the [P4 4 4 4][NTf2] film after CO2 absorption. Besides, it is shown that both the gas sorption and CO2/CH4 selectivity, especially the mass-ratio-based selectivity, increase with pressure in the case of this solid-state ionic liquid film. During the ambient pressure, CO2/CH4 selectivity in [P4 4 4 4][NTf2] was lower than those in some reported fluid room-temperature ionic liquids. The advantage of solid-state ionic liquids is an improved selectivit...