An optical network-on-chip (NoC) has attracted increasing attention with the advancement of silicon photonics technology due to the explosive growth in communication traffic in system-on-chip and the diminishing returns of miniaturized metal interconnect. Compared with the traditional metallic interconnect, the optical interconnect has superior effective bandwidth, transmission latency, and power consumption. In this paper, we establish an algorithmic optical router design framework to minimize the insertion loss, which is the loss of signal power resulting from the insertion of microring resonators and waveguide crossings. By incorporating system-level considerations on the topology, routing algorithm, and traffic pattern in the optical NoC, the proposed technique provides a rapid design environment for a wide range of application-specific optical NoC architectures with minimized optical signal power loss.


A novel analytical procedure allows the simple and sensitive determination of dissolved organic sulfur compounds (DOS) in aqueous solution. The procedure consists of an isolation step by solid phase extraction on reversed-phase sorbents (RP-C18) and the subsequent determination of total organic sulfur with a special analytical apparatus. Routine analysis of the DOS-concentration in rivers proved the suitability of the procedure for monitoring surface water quality. In particular, the rivers Saale and Weisse Elster show high amounts of DOS concentrations in the overcrowded area of Halle-Leipzig. According to their hydrophilic character, organic sulfur compounds can only partially be removed from drinking water in the process of drinking water production from bank filtration.


In many practical situations fluids are normally blended with additives (viscosity index improvers, viscosity thickeners, viscosity thinners) due to which they show pseudoplastic and dilatant nature which can be modelled as cubic stress model (Rabinowitsch model). The cubic stress model for pseudoplastic fluids is adopted because Wada and Hayashi have shown that the theoretical results with this model are in good agreement with the experimental results. The present theoretical analysis is to investigate the pseudoplastic effect along with the effect of rotational inertia on the pressure distribution, frictional torque and fluid flow rate of externally pressurised flow in narrow clearance between two curvilinear surfaces of revolution. The expression for pressure has been derived using energy integral approach. To analyse and discuss the effects of pseudoplasticity and fluid inertia on the pressure distribution, fluid flow rate and frictional torque, the examples of externally pressurised flow in the clearance between parallel disks and concentric spherical surfaces have been considered.


In this study, voltage dip analysis of the wind power plant that is connected to 6 MW Double Feed Induction Generator (DFIG) was performed. During the operation of Multi-machine wind farm that is connected to network adaptation between 10 MVAr STATCOM and system was provided. Purpose of this adaptation, 3-phase fault analysis is to be able and the elimination of problems that may occur with induction motor run- stop. Streszczenie. Zaprezentowano analize spadku napiecia w elektrowni wiatrowej podlączonej do generatorow indukcyjnych 6 MW typu DFIG. Analize przeprowadzono na przykladzie wielomaszynowej farmy wiatrowej podlączonej do sieci z systemem 10 MVAr STATCOM. (Analiza spadkow napiecia w wielomaszynowej farmie wiatrowej z ukladem STATCOM)


The paper gives sufficient conditions for the asymptotic stability of the zero solution of system (1.1). By constructing Lyapunov functionals, we obtained the results in a simple form.


c u l t u re studies demonstrate that wild type but not mutant (cid:0) -III spectrin s t a b i l i zes EAAT4 at the plasma membrane. Spectrin mutations can be cons i d e red then a novel cause of ataxia and neuro d e g e n e r a t i ve disease that affects membrane proteins involved in glutamate signaling. Borgland SL, et al. Orexin A in the VTA is critical for the induction of synaptic plasticity and behavioral sensitization to cocaine


In this paper the experimental identification problem of industrial processes is presented, in order to establish their mathematical models which permit the adoption of an automation solutions and the specification of a suitable control law respectively. With this aim in view, the authors were resorted to using Virtual Instrumentation with the aid of the Lab VIEW development medium. In order to solve the problem of acquisition and processing data from physical real processes, Virtual Instruments was designed and realized which provide in the end a mathematical model which is based on choosing the automation equipment of the aim followed. The realized Virtual Instruments gave the opportunity to be used either in student instruction field with the virtual processes identification techniques or to put the identification of some real processes to good use of diverse beneficiaries. The results of some experimental attempts which was realized on different thermal processes illustrates the utility of the demarches performed in this paper.


A survey of the ownership patterns and attitudes to forestry practices was conducted in Soulanges and Huntingdon counties, Quebec, in 1965. A bilingual questionnaire was used and over 400 woodlot owners were personally visited to obtain information on the current use of their woodlots. It was found that the majority of woodlot harvests were unplanned. Pasturing was common with reforestation being undertaken by less than 10 per cent of the owners in either county. The majority were unaware of the provincial reforestation assistance programme. Between 56 and 60 per cent of the owners were farmers with a prime interest in their woodlots as a source of products for home use. The remaining owners were non-farmers more interested in speculation, security or the recreational values of the woodlot. Close to half the owners have never sold forest or maple products, and improvement practices, other than fencing, occupied less than 10 per cent of the owners. Ten to 15 per cent have sold forest products regularly. No...


A rarely recorded centric diatom of the genus Hyalodiscus was found in three mixed freshwater and brackish environments of Tonga. Both classical morphological and scanning electron microscopic features were used to classify the taxon within currently know taxa from inland and brackwater sites. We recorded stable ultrastructural features (e.g. type of poroids, type and arrangement of rimoportulae) but also several variable morphological features (mainly outline, diameter and structure of the umbilicus and nodulation within the umbilicus centre) as well as variable ultrastructural features (margin of central area; central termination of striae). The loculate nature of puncta closed by rotae and the small fultoportulae potentially typical features for the genus was confirmed. The taxon showed a high similarity to Hyalodiscus lentiginosus J ohn 1982 described from Swan river estuary Australia with the exception of more variable punctation in the central umbilicus area and different variability of central noduli. We also checked for identical features (size, central area) with Hyalodiscus withneyi described by eh R enbe R g 1870 from near Great Salt Lake Utah.


The preceding paper is extended to the analysis of size effect on strength and ductility of structures. For the case of geometrically similar structures of different sizes, the criterion of stability limit is transformed to an eigenvalue problem for a homogeneous Fredholm integral equation, with the structure size as the eigenvalue. Under the assumption of a linear softening stress-displacem ent relation for the cohesive crack, the eigenvalue problem is linear. The maximum load of structure under load control, as well as the maximum deflection under displacement control (which characterizes ductility of the structure), can be solved explicitly in terms of the eigenfunction of the aforementioned integral equation. crack model is a nonlinear theory of fracture me chanics in which the condition of stability limit is expressed in terms of the singularity condition of the second variation of the energy potential with respect to cohesive stresses or crack opening displacements. Although the criterion of stability limit can also be formulated in terms of energy variation with respect to the crack length, the resulting equation is not very useful, since the energy release rate in the cohesive crack model de pends on the cohesive stresses or crack-opening displacements. For a given structure, the criterion of stability limit leads to a highly nonlinear equation for crack length. However, when a class of geometrically similar structures of different sizes is considered and the relative crack length is given, the criterion of stability limit can be treated as an equation for the structure size at which the stability limit occurs at the given relative crack length. In this manner, the criterion of the stability limit is transformed into an eigenvalue problem, with the structure size as the eigenvalue. In the special case of linear softening, the eigenvalue problem is linear. It can be solved independently of the solution of the cohesive crack model. Furthermore, the corresponding maximum value of the load or loading parameter can be expressed explicitly in terms of the eigenfunction. In this way, the size effect curve can be obtained readily, without having to calculate the load-deflection curves for structures of various sizes.


* Natural Science Laboratory, 5-28-20 Hakusan, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8606 150310_西村先生.indd 1 2015/03/10 7:30:07 東洋大学紀要 自然科学篇 第 59 号:35-46(2015) 35 in the chamber due to the homogeneous composition of the eutectic melt (i.e., the compositional Rayleigh number (Rs) is equal to zero). Hence, crystal settling occurs in a static magma chamber. As the compositions of many silicic magmas are close to the water-saturated eutectic (or minimum) composition (Luth et al., 1964), it is important to consider silicic magma chambers consisting of a eutectic melt and pre-existing crystals, which can be composed of early formed phenocrysts or source rock residues (i.e., restite crystals) (White and Chappell, 1977; Wyborn and Chappell, 1986; Chappell et al, 1987). Marsh (1988) studied the thermal and compositional evolution of a static magma in a sheet-like chamber, and proposed the following scenarios: (1) a downwardsolidifying crust of magma might overtake slowly settling crystals, capture them, and incorporate them into the crust itself when the growth rate of the leading edge of the capturing crust (i.e., the capture front) is higher than the rate of crystal settling; (2) the crust grows systematically slower with time, capturing fewer and fewer crystals; (3) the concentration of preexisting crystals decreases downward and then increases due to basal accumulation. This capturing process has been widely used to explain the modal and chemical variations observed in many sheet-like mafic bodies (Gray and Crain, 1969; Fujii, 1974; Marsh, 1988, 1989, 1996; Mangan and Marsh, 1992). The ability of crystals to settle through silicic melt is strongly dependent on the melt viscosity. Until the 1990s, silicic melt was commonly thought to have a viscosity close to that of solid rock (e.g., Pitcher, 1993). However, recent experimental studies have established that silicic melts generated over a wide range of crustal pressure– temperature conditions have viscosities in the range of 10–10 Pa s (e.g., Clemens and Petford, 1999; Petford et al., 2000). Therefore, the amount of crystal settling should be estimated for different melt viscosities. I propose a simple theoretical model that demonstrates how the degree of crystal settling affects temporal and spatial variations in the distribution of preexisting crystals in silicic magma chambers. This study shows that silicic magma chambers form various compositional structures depending on the viscosity of the melt. The implications of this model for compositional structures of granitic suites and rhyolitic magma chambers are discussed. 2. Model Although multi-component melts generally solidify over a temperature range (typically 100–300°C), melts with a water-saturated eutectic (or minimum) composition solidify at a constant temperature. Emplacement of a silicic magma consisting of a eutectic (or minimum) melt and pre-existing crystals (i.e., restites or early formed 150310_西村先生.indd 2 2015/03/10 7:30:07 phenocrysts) is often observed within the continental crust (White and Chappell, 1977). Due to a homogeneous liquid density (thermal and compositional) within the magma chamber, the convective motion is suppressed. The compositional evolution of such a solidified silicic magma chamber (i.e., granite) is governed solely by the interaction of the solidifying and migrating crust, and the settling of pre-existing crystals. Consider a sheet-like magma chamber consisting of a water-saturated eutectic melt and spherical crystals distributed uniformly (volume fraction φ 0) at the time of emplacement. The initial crystal fraction φ 0 should be consistent with the predictions of recent experimental studies (Clemens and Petford, 1999; Petford et al., 2000), which showed that most granite plutons were initiated as crystal-poor (<30% crystals by volume) liquids rather than largely crystalline magmas. In a eutectic magma chamber, crystallization is confined to the solid–magma boundary analogous to the ice–water transition (Nishimura, 2006). The boundary conditions are T = T∞ at z = ∞ and T = TE at z = E(t) (Fig. 1); the initial condition is T = T∞ for z > 0 and E = 0. At time t = 0, the magma begins to solidify from the initial solid–magma boundary (z = 0) in the negative z direction. In the surrounding rock or the solidified part of the magma chamber, the heat conduction equation can be expressed as where T is temperature, t is time, and κ is thermal diffusivity. Conservation of energy at the solid–magma boundary requires that released crystallization heat is conducted away from the boundary. During the capture process, conservation of energy at the boundary z = E(t) indicates that where ρ is density, L is the latent heat of solidification, k is thermal conductivity and VS is the crystal settling velocity, which is negative in the case of downward solidification (Fig. 1 a) and vice versa (Fig. 1b). The second term on the left represents the effect of varying liquid proportions due to crystal settling, which is negligible when the VS is small. Hence, this term is omitted here for simplification and equation (2) can be rewritten as 4 volume) liquids rather than largely crystalline magmas. In a eutectic magma chamber, crystallization is confined to the solid–magma boundary analogous to the ice–water transition (Nishimura, 2006). The boundary conditions are T  T∞ at z ∞ and T = TE at z = E(t) (Fig. 1); the initial condition is T  T∞ for z > 0 and E = 0. At ti e t = 0, the magma begins to solidify from the initial solid–magma boundary (z = 0) in the negative z direction. In the surrounding rock or the solidified part of the magma chamber, the heat onduction equation can be expre se as T t =   T  z 2 (1) where T is temperature, t is time, and  is thermal diffusivity. Conservation of energy at the sol d–magma boundary requires that released crystallization heat is conducted away from the boundary. During the capture process, conservation of energy at the boundary z = E(t) indicates that L(1-0)dE dt +L0VS = k T z z =E (2) where  is density, L is the latent heat of solidification, k is thermal conductivity and VS is the crystal settling velocity, which is negative in the case of downward solidification (Fig. 1 a) and vice versa (Fig. 1b). The second term on the left represents the effect of varying liquid proportions due to crystal settling, which is negligible when the VS is small. Hence, this term is omitted here for simplification and equation (2) can be rewritten as L(1-0)dE dt = k T z z =E (3) (1) 4 volume) liquids rather than largely crystalline magmas. In a eutectic mag a chamber, crystallization is confined to the solid–magma boundary analogous to the ice–water transition (Nishimura, 2006). The boundary conditions are T  T∞ at z ∞ and T = TE at z = E(t) (Fig. 1); the initial condition is T  T∞ for z > 0 and E = 0. At ti e t = 0, the magma begins to solidify from the initial solid–magma boundary (z = 0) in the negative z direction. In the surrounding rock or the solidified part of the magma chamber, the heat conduction equation can be expressed as T t =   T  z 2 (1) where T is temperature, t is time, and  is thermal diffusivity. Conservation of energy at the solid–magma boundary requires that released crystallization heat is conducted away from the boundary. During the capture process, conservation of energy at the boundary z = E(t) indicates that L(1-0)dE dt +L0VS = k T z z =E (2) where  is density, L is the latent heat of solidification, k is thermal conductivity and VS is the crystal settling velocity, which is negative in the case of do nward solidification (Fig. 1 a) and vice versa (Fig. 1b). The second term on the left represents the effect of varying liquid proportions due to crystal settling, which is negligible when the VS is small. Hence, this term is omitted here for simplification and equation (2) can be rewritten as L(1-0)dE dt = k T z z =E (3) (2) 4 volume) liquids rather than largely crystalline magmas. In a eutectic magma chamber, crystallization is confined to the solid–magma boundary analogous to the ice–water transition (Nishimura, 2006). The boundary conditions are T  T∞ at z ∞ and T = TE at z = E(t) (Fig. 1); the initial condition is T  T∞ for z > 0 and E = 0. At time t = 0, the magma begins to solidify from the initial solid–magma boundary (z = 0) in the negative z direction. In the surrounding rock or the solidified part of the magma chamber, the heat conduction equation can be expressed as T t =   T  z 2 (1) where T is temperature, t is time, and  is thermal diffusivity. Conservation of energy at the solid–magma boundary requires that released crystallization heat is conducted away from the boundary. During the capture process, conservation of energy at the boundary z = E(t) indicates that L(1-0)dE dt +L0VS = k T z z =E (2) where  is density, L is the latent heat of solidification, k is thermal conductivity and VS is the crystal settling velocity, which is negative in the case of downward solidification (Fig. 1 a) and vice versa (Fig. 1b). The second term on the left represents the effect of varying liquid proportions due to crystal settling, which is negligible when the VS is small. Hence, this term is omitted here for simplification and equation (2) can be rewritten as L(1-0)dE dt = k T z z =E (3) (3) 150310_西村先生.indd 3 2015/03/10 7:30:08 36 Koshi NISHIMURA in the chamber due to the homogeneous composition of the eutectic melt (i.e., the compositional Rayleigh number (Rs) is equal to zero). Hence, crystal settling occurs in a static magma chamber. As the compositions of many silicic magmas are close to the water-saturated eutectic (or minimum) composition (Luth et al., 1964), it is important to consider silicic magma chambers consisting of a eutectic melt and pre-existing crystals, which can be composed of early formed phenocrysts or source rock residues (i.e., restite crystals) (White and Chappell, 1977; Wyborn and Chappe


The Study was It Analysis was Studied, That Dance in the Works Movement and Dance Lighting Design of Copper Tailored Show, Location and Color of the Fixture With intention of Showing the Psychological From Works of Choreographers.


We study the impact of an increase in the full retirement age on the retirement decisions of older workers in Belgium, a country with an abundance of early retirement possibilities. We examine a reform that increased the full retirement age for women from 63 to 64 as from January 2006 for specific birth cohorts. We use the resulting quasi-experimental setting to implement a regression discontinuity design based on women's birth dates. Our data is drawn from social security administrative data and the National Register containing all Belgian inhabitants. Overall the reform does not affect the proportion of women who work until retirement, nor the proportion of women who withdraw prematurely from the labour market through early retirement schemes. Therefore, the reform does not affect the pathway into retirement. However, the women who are still employed at the age of 63 prolong their career until the new full retirement age. Therefore, the reform strongly affects the retirement decision of the women who survive in employment, thereby increasing the employment rate in 2006. We find no evidence of anticipation effects, since women do not reduce the working hours prior to the reform so as to cope with longer careers.


(57) Abstract: using a microcontroller and serial communication bus, alternative list of frequencies to receive, can be switched to an alternate frequency receiver during lowering of the quality of the main radio broadcast signal RDS or RDSB broadcast receiver it is. Thus, in this receiver it has to be updated occasionally the quality of alternative frequencies transmitted. To avoid relatively caused time delay by low speed serial communication buses, include other control means for executing an alternative frequency update tuning section.


This paper describes the wastage of the last ice-sheet of the Esk basin, Midlothian, with particular reference to the dissected glaciofluvial valley-train along the course of the River North Esk. Following the formation of an icedivide to the south of the basin, glaciofluvial material was carried into the basin from the south-west and deposited in contact with a northward-retreating ice front in the central and northern parts of the basin. From mapping and measuring the heights of the fragments of the dissected valley-train, twelve stages of downcutting have been recognized, the first eleven related to northward glacial retreat and the last to post-glacial sea-level changes. Each glacial retreat stage is marked by a stream profile terminated by an ice-contact front; the heights of the terminal features correspond to the intake heights of a set of glacial meltwater channels on the eastern edge of the basin. The northward glacial retreat was interrupted by a minor readvance of ice from the north. This is indicated by the Roslin Till, a thin deposit of limited areal extent. The paper includes a detailed description of the field measurements undertaken and the height-distance method of representing glacial and post-glacial stream profiles; the errors inherent in the methods are discussed. IT HAS long been realized that east-central Scotland is a critical area for the study of glacial ice movements, as it has been affected by ice sheets emanating from both the Highlands and the Southern Uplands. This paper has developed out of a study of ice movements and of the landforms associated with glacial and deglacial phases of ice-sheet coverage. In Midlothian along the River North Esk, there is a belt of glaciofluvial sands and gravels about I6 km long, extending from south of Penicuik to near the coast north of Dalkeith. The dissected glaciofluvial surfaces are partly overlain by the most recent till of this district, the Roslin Till, but are nevertheless so well preserved that the writer was induced to attempt to measure the surfaces and relate them to the general glacial stratigraphy. The height-distance method of representing the glacial and post-glacial stream profiles is described in detail, as the errors inherent in this method are seldom explicitly stated. The account also offers an explanation for the presence of the Roslin Till that is contrary to earlier explanations. Description of the Esk Basin The Esk basin occupies about 300 km2 on the south side of the Firth of Forth (Fig. I). The western edge is marked by the Pentland Hills which extend north-east to south-west for about 30 km. The maximum elevation of these hills is just over 575 m, but there are more than I5o km2 over 300 m in height, the sandstones, tuffs, and lavas having been eroded to form domes and broad-shouldered spurs. On the eastern side, the Roman Camp ridge separates the basin from the upper Tyne valley. This ridge is a small anticline of Carboniferous rocks extending for about 13 km north-north-east to south-south-west and dropping in height from about 250 m at the southern end to about 80 m near the coast at Prestonpans. The synclinal Esk basin itself has a gently undulating surface with a steady gradient


INTRODUCTION: The human knee joint has the role to transmit and absorb the load, especially the menisci and cartilage play an important role [1, 2]. It is assumed that the load of more than 5 times body weight could be transmitted to the soft tissue during athletic activities. Therefore, injury in the menisci or cartilage is a common problem among athletes. A finite element analysis after meniscectomy has been discussed by several authors [3, 4], but to simulate the process of injury has not been confirmed. To reproduce the process of the injury, we constructed a 3D human-knee finite element model (3D FEM) including soft tissues from 3D MRI. The aim of this study was to build a FEM that includes detail construction of the cartilage and menisci, and that can be used to elucidate the mechanism of the meniscus injury.


Some end-to-end network services benefit greatly from network support in terms of utility and scalability. However, when such support is provided through service-specific mechanisms, the proliferation of one-off solutions tend to decrease the robustness of the network over time. Programmable routers, on the other hand, offer generic support for a variety of end-to-end services, but face a different set of challenges with respect to performance, scalability, security, and robustness. Ideally, router-based support for end-to-end services should exhibit the kind of generality, simplicity, scalability, and performance that made the Internet Protocol (IP) so successful. In this paper we present a router-based building block called ephemeral state processing (ESP), which is designed to have IP-like characteristics. ESP allows packets to create and manipulate small amounts of temporary state at routers via short, predefined computations. We discuss the issues involved in the design of such a service and describe three broad classes of problems for which ESP enables robust solutions. We also present performance measurements from a network-processor-based implementation.


A compact TiO2 film with a thickness of about 90 nm has been coated onto stainless steel substrates by using the sol–gel method with Ti(OBu)4 as precursor. AES analysis showed that Fe diffused from the substrate into the TiO2 film and reacted with O2 from the air, resulting in the formation of an interlayer of iron oxide during the annealing process. XPS and XRD results indicate that the Fe in the TiO2 layer and interlayer exists as a rhombohedral Fe2O3 species. With increasing annealing temperature and time, the diffusion can be significantly promoted. Although iron oxide did not react with TiO2 film, the formation of anatase TiO2 film was impeded due to the presence of Fe. It has been proven by UV spectroscopic analysis of TiO2 film that Fe enters the TiO2 lattice and changes the lattice parameters, resulting in a change in the optical
properties of the TiO2 film photocatalyst.


The present investigation "Commercialization and tourist development of Palacio Real Tourism Community Center, of the canton Riobamba, Chimborazo Province" constitutes the current analysis of fundamental factors of the commercialization and promotion of the services and products of the Palacio Real Commune; circumstance that affects the inadequate touristic development of the Center. This problematic situation was addressed in order to determine the relationship of marketing in the tourism development of the Center, identifying the relationship of the customer profile, products and tourism promotion. The methodology applied was documentary and field work, with non-experimental, transversal and relational research design. The data collection was possible through surveys and technical files created for this investigation; the questionnaire was applied to the clients of the Palacio Real Community Tourism Center and the technical sheets in facilities that facilitate tourism services. For data processing, information analysis and Hypothesis verification, IBM SPSS Statistics 22 software was used. Obtaining as a result the significant relationship of marketing with its dimensions: customer, products and promotion, in tourism development, by which is recommended the constant monitoring of these dimensions lo enhance the Palacio Real Community Tourism Center.


RESEARCH REPORTED during the calendar years of 1961, 1962, and 1963 reflected some perennial areas of investigation as well as some newer areas of research interest. The selected contributions to be reviewed are presented under these major headings: summaries and bibliographies, children's learnings, instructional media and programs, and teacher education. The concluding section of this chapter is devoted to needed research.


Use of Project Management in Web & Software Development Projects is very significant. It has been observed that even with the application of effective Project Management, projects usually do not complete their lifecycle and fail. To minimize these failures, Key Performance Indicators have been introduced in studies to Counter Project Failures. However, do we always identify the right KPIs? Despite of efforts, why are Projects still failing? Is there a way to identify and avoid these failures in the very beginning of the Project Lifecycle? We aimed to answer these questions by analyzing concept of Predictive Analytics which is a specialized technology and is very easy to use in this era of Computation. Project Organizations can use Data Gathering, Compute Power, and Modern Tools to render efficient Predictions. The research aims to identify such a Predictive Analytics Approach. The core objective of the study was to reduce failures and introduce effective implementation of Project Management principles. Existing Predictive Analytics Methodologies, Tools and Solution Providers were also analyzed. Relevant Data was gathered from projects and was analyzed via Predictive Techniques to make predictions well advance in time to render effective Project Management in Web & Software Development Industry.


Abstract An organizational simulation explored the selection and use of influence tactics as a function of characteristics of the influencer, the target, and the situation. The choice of influence tactics differed dramatically according to whether a person was high or low in the power-relevant personality traits of Machiavellianism and need for approval. Also, as people became more motivated to influence another person successfully, they became more assertive and less manipulative. Resistance from the target changed people's influence strategy: Promises and threats were replaced by reason-based tactics. Some implications for selection procedures, training programs, and organizational design are discussed.


The effects of copper and magnesium on the precipitation characteristics of Al-Li-Mg, Al-Li- Cu, and Al-Li-Cu-Mg alloys have been investigated during isochronal and isothermal ageing. In AI-Li-Mg alloys, increasing the magnesium concentration results in stimulation of δ'precipitation by a shift of the α/δ'solvus boundary to higher temperatures. It was shown that for each wt%Mg present in the alloy the α/δ'solvus boundary shifts by 7.0°C. In Al-Li-Cu alloys the concentration of copper has no effect on the position of the α/δ'solvus boundary. The significant stimulation of δ' observed in Al-Li-Cu alloys was shown to be due to the formation of GPCu zones that act as heterogeneous nucleation centres. TEM analysis showed that this heterogeneous nucleation produced composite precipitates consisting of an inner plate of GPI zone and an outer cylindrical shell of δ'. At high copper concentrations (Cu>2.0%) and long ageing times at 150°C, significant retardation of δ' precipitation takes place due to precipitation of the equilibrium T1 and T2 phases.

The mechanisms by which copper and magnesium affect the precipitation characteristics of Al- Li-Cu-Mg alloys are different than those operating in the ternary AI-Li-Mg alloys and Al-Li-Cu alloys. In 1.7Lil. 2CuXMg alloys, increasing the magnesium concentration beyond 1.2% causes significant stimulation of δ'precipitation through the formation of Li-Cu-Mg clusters (mechanism referred to as CL δ') that are capable of rapidly developing into δ'. It is proposed that in 1.7Lil. 2CuXMg alloys the initial 1.2%Mg added is consumed in the formation of GPB zones that have very little effect on δ' precipitation. As the magnesium concentration increases to levels higher than 1.2%, the magnesium is free in the matrix to gather both copper and lithium thus forming Li-Cu-Mg clusters which are extremely effective at nucleating δ'

In 1.7Li1.2MgXCu alloys the mechanisms by which stimulation of δ' precipitation takes place are again by formation of Li-Cu-Mg clusters (CL δ'), and by nucleation on GPB zones (mechanism referred to as GP δ'). During ageing at 70 and 100°C, and for copper concentrations in the range 0-1.2%, the dominant precipitation mechanism is GP δ'. For higher copper concentrations (1.2<Cu<3.0) the dominant process is CL δ'. Increasing the ageing conditions to 150°C causes precipitation of δ' through classical nucleation and growth for low copper concentrations. For high copper concentrations, the precipitation of δ'comes about through the GP δ'mechanism. Using Kissinger's method, it was found that the activation energy for a' formation in AI-Li-Cu-Mg is equal to 62 kJ/mol, suggesting that the kinetics of the δ'precipitation process are also controlled by the presence of excess vacancies quenched-in from solution heat treatment. It is likely that the Li-Cu-Mg clusters that develop in the alloy also gather excess vacancies thus making the clusters vacancy-rich.

For all the alloy systems (Al-Li-Cu, Al-Li-Mg, and Al-Li-Cu-Mg alloys) and independently of the concentrations of copper and magnesium, the largest volume fraction of δ' precipitates form during ageing at 100°C where there is an optimum combination of thermodynamics and kinetics.

Ageing the alloys at 150°C (standard heat treatment for lithium containing alloys) and subsequently exposing at 70°C (to simulate service conditions for an aerospace alloy) resulted in embrittlement due to precipitation of additional (fine) δ'. This embrittlement was shown to be closely related to the volume fraction of δ' that precipitates during exposure. In Al-Li-Mg and AI-Li-Cu ternary alloys, increasing the concentration of magnesium and copper respectively, resulted in increased volume fractions of δ' precipitated during exposure and hence increased degrees of embrittlement. For Al-Li-Cu-Mg alloys the maximum volume fraction of δ' precipitated during exposure occurred in the 1.7Li1.2Cu1.2Mg alloy. It was shown that this alloy composition also showed the maximum degree of embrittlement.


Role of gun emittance is discussed to build a compact XFEL machine. It is shown that low gun emittance plays the critical role of reducing the XFEL machine size.


The paper deals with a special class of neutral functional differential equations (FDE): the so called FDE with iterated delay. They are special equations of superneutral type. Equations with iterated delay had been introduced and studied by Prof. D.D. Bainov (1933-2011) and the author of this paper in the period 1972-1978. As a result a number of papers in this area had been published and the term "FDE with iterated delay" was accepted in the literature.


An InAs/GaAs quantum dot infrared photodetector (QDIP) based on p-type valence-band intersublevel hole transitions as opposed to conventional electron transitions is reported. Two response bands observed at 1.5–3 and 3–10 μm are due to transitions from the heavy-hole to spin-orbit split-off QD level and from the heavy-hole to heavy-hole level, respectively. Without employing optimized structures (e.g., the dark current blocking layer), the demonstrated QDIP displays promising characteristics, including a specific detectivity of 1.8×109 cm·Hz1/2/W and a quantum efficiency of 17%, which is about 5% higher than that of present n-type QDIPs. This study shows the promise of utilizing hole transitions for developing QDIPs.


Determine the feasibility of implementing a heart failure (HF) management strategy that (i) uses a device‐based, remote, dynamic, multimetric risk stratification model to predict the risk of HF events and (ii) uses a standardized, centrally administered, ambulatory medication intervention protocol to reproducibly and safely decrease elevated risk scores.


In the ductile–to–brittle transition (DBT) temperature region, the specimen thickness B and fracture toughness Jc are correlated (Jc ∝ B−1/2) [1, 2]; this is true even for standardized specimens. This has been described as the test specimen thickness (TST) effect based on the weakest link model [3]; however, it has been pointed out that Jc does not decrease indefinitely as B→∞, which contradicts this effect. This paper is an extension of our recent work [4] on the point that the TST effect on Jc. observed for the Shoreham reactor vessel steel (A533 Grade B) [5] was explained via the difference in crack tip constraint and demonstrating that the (4δt, σ22c) criterion can be applied to explain the effect.Copyright © 2014 by ASME


Many diagnostic accuracy studies are never reported in full in a peer‐reviewed journal. Searching for unpublished studies may avoid bias due to selective publication, enrich the power of systematic reviews, and thereby help to reduce research waste. We assessed searching practices among recent systematic reviews of diagnostic accuracy.


This study aimed to evaluate the biological features of T‐lymphokine‐activated killer cell‐originating protein kinase (TOPK) in vitro and to assess clinical impact of TOPK on the outcome in patients with malignant glioma. TOPK protein level and TOPK mRNA and protein levels in six glioma cell lines were examined using Western blot and reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR), respectively. Immunohistochemistry was performed to examine their subcellular localization of TOPK. Using surgical specimens from 57 patients with gliomas, TOPK and Ki‐67 expressions were examined by immunohistochemistry. Their co‐localization was also examined with double immunofluorescence immunohistochemistry. Impacts of TOPK/Ki‐67 expression on the overall survival (OS) and progression‐free survival (PFS) in 32 patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) were examined, using Kaplan–Meier and Cox proportion hazard models. Immunohistochemistry revealed that approximately 20–30% of glioma cells were positive for TOPK in vitro. TOPK mRNA was identified in all glioma cell lines on RT‐PCR. The value of TOPK/GAPDH was 0.27 ± 0.11. TOPK and Ki‐67 expressions were significantly higher in GBM patients than in non‐GBM patients. A majority of TOPK‐positive cells were also positive for Ki‐67 and vice versa. Multivariate analysis revealed that a low TOPK expression (≤ 12.7%) was an independent predictor of longer OS (P = 0.0372), and that gross total removal and a low TOPK expression (≤ 12.7%) were independent predictors of longer PFS (P = 0.0470 and P = 0.0189, respectively). The findings strongly suggest biological and clinical importance of TOPK expression in gliomas, indicating a novel therapeutic potential of TOPK inhibitors to treat malignant gliomas.


It is known that lane-changing maneuvers cause traffic disruption and result in shockwave formation and propagation. The introduction of connected automated vehicles (CAV) provides the opportunity to coordinate the vehicle movements during the lane-changing maneuver to deal with this issue. Accordingly, this paper proposes an approach to jointly optimize the lateral trajectory of a lane-changing CAV and the longitudinal control of an impacted CAV in the target lane. Towards this objective: i) we first design a model predictive controller (MPC) for the vehicle in the target lane to properly respond to a discretionary lane-changing maneuver; ii) we then specify a set of possible lateral trajectories that may be adopted by the lane-changing vehicle; iii) we then compute the required deceleration of the vehicle directly impacted by the lane-changing based on the estimated set of the lateral trajectories; iv) we finally choose the trajectory that minimizes the total deceleration effort (i.e., minimizes the disturbance in the platoon of vehicles). Analytical and simulation-based investigations are performed to assess the capability of the proposed approach in minimizing the acceleration disturbance and shockwave magnitude.


The current teaching content and system of "packaging design" course are not reasonable enough,teaching philosophy is narrow,teaching conditions are inadequate,teaching is out of line with the market,teaching methods and means are backward and assessment methods are unreasonable.According to the training objectives of applied colleges,the paper put forward a series of reform measures to improve the quality of teaching,to train high-quality applied talents.


Evaluation the use of Circulation Collections in the University Library
Widya Dharma (Unwidha) Klaten (Based Study Circulation by year 2010-2013
and use in the Reading Room). This study aims to determine percentage the use of
circulation collections by subject in the University Library Widya Dharma
(Unwidha) Klaten based study circulation by year 2010-2013 and use in the
reading room. The method used is descriptive quantitative. Methods of data
collection in this study using interviews, observation and documentation.
Research instrument in this study is a check-list. The samples in this study were
344 collection. The results obtained show that the overall the use of circulation
collections based study circulation by year 2010-2013 with an average percentage
of 76,43% with intervals 75,00%<76,43%<99,99% means almost the entire
collections of used circulation and the use of circulation collections based use in
the reading room with an average percentage of 57,15% with intervals
50,00%<57,15%<74,99% means circulation of collections largely used. The use
of circulation collections based study circulation by year 2010-2013 and use in the
reading room with the highest percentage was 95.12% for the class 800 and
97.01% for the class 400. While the use of circulation collections based study
circulation by year 2010-2013 and use in the reading room with the lowest
percentage was 50% with the class 900 and 0% with the class 700.


Myocardial infarction (MI) remains the major cause of death and disability in the world, and intramyocardial administration of biomaterials (e.g., hydrogels) along the perimeter of MI region is demonstrated as an effective way for the treatment of MI. The curcumin has anti‐inflammation, antioxidation, and antiapoptosis properties, and nitric oxide (NO) molecules are favorable for angiogenesis. This study prepares a mixed component hydrogel capable of releasing both bioactive curcumin and NO for the treatment of MI. The study shows that the combinational treatment of curcumin and NO can remarkably reduce collagen deposition, improve cardiac function, ameliorate adverse myocardium remodeling, suppress apoptosis, and hypertrophy as well as attenuate the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1) and upregulate the expression of silent information regulator 1 than curcumin alone, because of the synergistic action of both molecules and the angiogenesis promotion ability of NO. The results indicate that codelivery of curcumin and NO in a controllable manner by hydrogels might be considered as a promising option for treatment of cardiovascular disease.


Background: Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer in women, with 1.8 million patients diagnosed globally each year. In early stage disease, anthracycline regimens are commonly employed, but the risk of cardiotoxicity is high. Replacing anthracyclines with taxanes in combination with cyclophosphamide may improve response [1] and Bevacizumab (BVZ) may provide addtional benefit. However, as BVZ can cause hypertension and increased risk of cardiac failure, a rationale exists for studying biomarkers of cardiotoxicity in this setting. Methods: We assessed a panel of biomarkers in n = 57 early stage breast cancer patients whom underwent docetaxel/cyclophosphamide/BVZ therapy on the TC-Avastin Trial (NCT00911716). Serum was collected prior to treatment and at 3 months. Cardiotoxicity was defined as decline in left ventricular ejection fraction ≥ 10% to Results: Changes in serum MPO or cTnI were not related to cardiotoxicity when analysed in the larger cohort. However, a "cut-off" PlGF fold change of 0.99 could differentiate patients who developed cardiotoxicity from those that did not. 74% of cardiotoxicity patients, compared to only 35% of non-cardiotoxicity fell below the 0.99 cut-off. Conversely, 65% of non-cardiotoxicity patients, compared to 25% of cardiotoxicity patients fell above the cut-off (p = 0.0042). Conclusions: Our data suggest that decreased PlGF at 3 months may predict cardiotoxicity. These observations require further validation. This work was funded by AngioTox, an EC FP7 IAPP Marie Curie Award (Grant Agreement 251528). [1]Jones et al., J. Clin. Oncol.27, 1177-1183 (2009); [2] Putt et al., Clin. Chem 61, 1164-1172 (2015). Citation Format: David W. Murray, Alice C. O'Farrell, Giuseppe Gullo, Ashwini Maratha, Patrick Dicker, Mairin Rafferty, Verena Murphy, Bonnie Ky, William M. Gallagher, Norma O'Donovan, John Crown, Annette T. Byrne. Analysis of putative serum biomarker candidates for cardiotoxicity prediction in a cohort of early stage breast cancer patients treated with docetaxel, cyclophosphamide, and bevacizumab. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 1828.


Exhaust gas emissions from internal combustion engines are one of the major sources of air pollution. And. it is extremely difficult to increase gasoline engine efficiency and to reduce NOx and PM(particulate matter) simultaneously in diesel combustion. This paper offers some basic concepts to overcome the above problems. To solve the problems, a recommended technique is CAI(controlled auto-ignition) combustion. In this paper. internal EGR(exhaust gas recirculation) effect is suggested to realize CAI combustion. An experimental study was carried out to achieve CAI combustion using homogeneous premixed gas mixture in the constant volume combustion chamber(CVCC). A flame trap was used to simulate internal EGR effect and to increase flame propagation speed in the CVCC. Flame propagation photos and pressure signals were acquired to verify internal EGR effect. Flame trap creates high speed burned gas jet. It achieves higher flame propagation speed due to the effect of geometry and burned gas jet.


The poverty is one of the global issues and the common task being faced in developing countries. In order to better understand and grasp the existing research overview of the literature and writing on poverty theory, the author respectivly gives an overview of the different causal direction.


The improved CTAB,SDS,guanidinium isothiocyanate and trizol extraction methods were tested in total RNA extraction from seed coat of Cucurbita pepo to compare the extraction effect for selecting the efficient method.The results showed that the optimum extraction method was the improved CTAB method with good quality RNA,high productivity and strong integrity,the brands of 28 S and 18 S of total RNA isolated by the CTAB method both were clear,the brightness of 28 S rRNA was about 2 times that of 18S rRNA,there was no diffusing phenomenon between two bands,the values of OD260/OD280 and OD260/OD230 were 1.996 5 and 2.235 7,and RNA productivity was 161 μg/g.


There is a potential error in the determination of specimen void ratio in triaxial tests on very loose sands. This error can be attributed to densification during final saturation. The result can b...


To analyze the working characteristics and adjustment strategies of RGV, and to consider the impact of its starting and stopping, waiting, recombination on the movement and transport capacity at the same time. Based on this foundation, the method of real time adjustment based on self-learning and modified inheritance calculation is proposed to discuss the code coding, selection, cross-fork variation and operation rule method of the method of adjustment, and the method of expert library self-learning of modified species group and proper co-solution is proposed. The high optimization calculation speed is verified through the simulation and process test, which proves that the moving force of ring shape is effective and high. This model and self-learning calculation method are feasible and effective.


If we want to develop well-off society Completely,and to found the new situation of Chinese characteristic socialism,we must insist the thought that suggests the harmonious development of economy,politics and culture.The Chinese characteristic socialism business contatins two aspects:the harmonious development of economy,politics and culture,and the equlilibrium of two urbanization.Therefore,to develop well-off society completely,we have to keep a high degree of cultural awareness.The cultural awareness is an important theoretical premise to completely develop the well-off society.


Introduction: Post and core is an restorative options on non vital teeth after endodontic treatment. Endodontically treated teeth have higher fracture risk than vital teeth. Post and core materials have mechanical properties like modulus elasticity that effect impact strength of post and core materials. Impact strength defined as the energy required to break material with impact force. This study was aimed to determine the differences between impact strength of prefabricated metal post with glass ionomer modification (Miracle Mix) core build up and composite resin (Multicore) core build up. Methods: Eight obturated mandibular premolars 2 months post extractions were divided into two groups: Group I was given a prefabricated metal post with glass ionomer modification (Miracle Mix) core build up (n = 4); group II was given a prefabricated metal post with composite resin (Multicore) core build up (n = 4). All groups were planted in a rectangular iron block. Furthermore, the impact test was performed using a mini-impact tester (KRY type) until all samples were broken. Result: The average impact strength of prefabricated metal post with glass ionomer modification (Miracle Mix) core build up was 2539.1 ± 1017.089891 J/mm2, while prefabricated metal post with composite resin (Multicore) core build up was 4141.975 ± 425.95233 J/mm2. Independent sample t-test showed that there were differences in all groups. Conclusion: The impact strength of prefabricated metal post with composite resin (Multicore) core build up was higher than the impact strength of the prefabricated metal post with glass ionomer modification (Miracle Mix) core build up.


Emergency medical service (EMS), known as one of the most important health care services, plays a vital part in saving people's lives. Among the EMS problems, deployment of ambulances is a hot issue. A lot of research has done from different aspects to find a better plan on ambulance deployment. This paper is going to solve the maximal covering location problem using an improved Double Standard Model, considering the probability that an ambulance is not available all the time. The model is applied to the data from Songjiang District, Shanghai, and we obtain deployment schemes under different probability. The demand covered by at least two working ambulances increases by using our solution.


Unchecked bone density loss can lead to osteoporosis. Such loss arises from a variety of metabolic imbalances, in particular hormonal
insufficiency in postmenopausal women. Bone densitometry, coupled with -
appropriate monitoring of bone turnover markers osteocalcin and
(deoxy)pyridinoline, enables early diagnosis. This review will focus on recent advances concerning the biochemical and histomorphometric bases for clinically effective bone loss prevention by new and established medicinal agents. Estrogen replacement therapy generally has involved steroidal estrogens, given as mixed sulfate ester conjugates composed mainly of estrone and equilin. Current experimental evidence suggests no major diffe-
rence in the biochemical function of these steroidal estrogens, or their respective 17 β-hydroxy counterparts. Nonsteroidal estrogen receptor ligands such as tamoxifen, raloxifene, and droloxifene, like estradiol, act as selective estrogen agonists in bone. But unlike estradiol, they are estrogen antagonists in other tissues. This selective estrogenicity might offer advantages over conventional estrogens, such as a decreased incidence of carcinogenicity. However, therapy with tamoxifen, the most widely used of these, has been associated with reproductive tract toxicity. And in laboratory rats, tamoxifen is converted to DNA-reactive hepatocarcinogenic metabolites. Prospects for bone loss suppressive drugs with a more diverse range of applications and low toxicity potential are embodied in the bisphosphonate etidronate and its analogues: risedronate, alendronate, ibandronate, pamidronate, and cimandronate. lpriflavone, an isoflavone derivative, augmented the effect of conjugated estrogens, enabling dose reduction of the latter in postmenopausal osteoporosis. Constricted analogues of parathyroid hormone hold future promise in bone restoration therapy.


Stator structures are fabricated using strip material and moldable magnetic composite, either amorphous metal tape and amorphous flake or similar conventional materials. The laminated core is assembled from identical core sections constructed of nested layers of flat strip, and the moldable material forms the pole pieces after insertion of the coils. Alternately, the pole pieces are produced by bending the laminated tape structure. Shading coils may be added to realize an easily assembled shaded pole motor.


The thesis is based on the research results of the lichen flora formation on the substrates: the surface of erratic blocks, aspen barks and straw thatches. Subjection of the species composition to the changes of conditions of the closest environment (mainly the substrate) was analysed. The relationships between the kind of substrate and its permanence, and some features (e.g. morphological features) of pioneering lichens were examined; the intensification of those features and degrees of species pioneering were also distinguished.


Images of a case of unilateral choanal atresia diagnosed in a 35-year-old woman are presented. This is an uncommon diagnosis in an adult patient, and a less frequently encountered form of the condition. In more than 90% of cases of choanal atresia, the abnormality is partly or completely osseous; pure membranous atresia is rare. It is unilateral in 50 - 60% of cases, and more than 75% are associated with syndromes and systemic anomalies.


The paper deals with selecting a lifetime educational trajectory by an individual. The ontological approach is proposed for description of a subject domain. A special emphasis is put on modeling the relations between subjects influencing the selection of forms and academic programs by an individual. Keywords—individual, ontology, relations, class.


The initial visits of the Clinical Learning Environment Review (CLER) Program revealed a number of findings that appeared to be common across many of the clinical learning environments (CLEs) and six focus areas The CLER protocol did not directly assess for these overarching themes To derive them, the CLER staff generated a list of findings that were common to many CLEs and presented them to the CLER Evaluation Committee 1 The Committee then prioritized and selected the four overarching themes listed below, all of which they believed could provide graduate medical education (GME) and CLEs with opportunities for high-leverage improvement


The measurement of spatially varying surface reflectance is required for faithful reproduction of real world to allow for predictive look of computer generated images. One such proposed method uses a rotational kaleidoscopic imaging, where illumination and imaging paths are realized by subimages on kaleidoscopic mirrors and illumination is carried out by a DLP projector. We describe a novel geometric calibration method for a rotational kaleidoscope that is necessary to get aligned and accurate data from measurement. The calibration has two stages. The first stage mechanically adjusts the camera, the projector, and the autocollimator against the kaleidoscope mirrors. The second stage is based on the software. By random perturbation of camera and projector in corresponding mathematical model of the kaleidoscope we estimate better real positions of camera and projector in a physical setup, comparing the computed images from the software simulator and the acquired images from the physical setup.


Scholars have pointed out that emerging-market cross-border mergers and acquisitions might represent a strategic move to learn from and assimilate the acquired foreign assets in order to upgrade do...


To improve ice accretion prediction codes, more data regarding ice roughness and its effects on convective heat transfer are required. The Vertical Icing Studies Tunnel (VIST) at NASA Glenn Research was used to model realistic ice roughness in the stagnation region of a NACA 0012 airfoil. In the VIST, a test plate representing the leading 2% chord of the airfoil was subjected to flows of 7.62 m/s (25 ft/s), 12.19 m/s (40 ft/s), and 16.76 m/s (55 ft/s). The test plate was fitted with multiple surfaces or sets of roughness panels, each with a different representation of ice roughness. The sets of roughness panels were constructed using two element distribution patterns that were created based on a laser scan of an iced airfoil acquired in the Icing Research Tunnel at NASA Glenn. For both roughness patterns, surfaces were constructed using plastic hemispherical elements, plastic conical elements, and aluminum conical elements. Infrared surface thermometry data from tests run in the VIST were used to calculate area averaged heat transfer coefficient values. The values from the roughness surfaces were compared to the smooth control surface, showing convective enhancement as high as 400% in some cases. The data gathered during this study will ultimately be used to improve the physical modeling in LEWICE or other ice accretion codes and produce predictions of in-flight ice accretion on aircraft surfaces with greater confidence.


This article discusses one of the key components of the mechanism of formation of the ruling elites in the United States - economic. Representatives of large business, financial circles and political clans, capable of fighting for power and possessing the necessary resource base and tools, form elite groups. The authors focus on the study of US large business as a supplier of cadres for the American political elites that determine US domestic and foreign policy. In their work, the authors set the following tasks: to analyze the mechanism of the formation of political elites in the USA; to consider the experience of Trump Organization in the context of the acquisition by her leader of the highest political status in the USA in 2016 and the prospects for his re-election to this post in 2020; to assess the role of large business in the formation of political elites in the United States. To achieve the objectives, the authors used a few methods of political science: structural, systemic, functional, comparative and historical methods. The methodology of economic science was also involved: the method of scientific abstraction, the method of normative and functional analysis. The study, in its conceptual basis, is based both on the theory of political elites and on the economic theory of competition.


We mathematically characterize the cognitive capabilities that enable humans to effectively guide others through natural language. We show that neural-network-based instruction generation agents possess similar cognitive capabilities, and design an evaluation scheme for probing those capabilities. Our results indicate that these agents, while capable of effectively narrowing the search space, poorly predict the listener's interpretations of their instructions and thus often fail to select the best instructions even from a small candidate set. We augment the agents with better theory-of-mind models of the listener and obtain significant performance boost in guiding real humans. Yet, there remains a considerable gap between our best agent and human guides. We discuss the challenges in closing this gap, emphasizing the need to construct better models of human behavior when interacting with AI-based agents.


A location-based interference aware routing protocol IAPR is proposed,which aims to improve the performance of greedy forwarding and void detour through interference sensing of wireless channels.In the greedy forwarding mode,through the next hop selection process based on the tradeoff between forwarding distance,link quality and difficulty of channel access,better transmission link can be selected with the guarantee of packet forwarding distance.An competition based opportunistic forwarding mode is initiated when the packet forwarding reaches a local minimum.The competition considers the possibility of packet forwarding mode retreating from void detour to greedy forwarding,during which the neighboring node assisting the forwarding mode retreating will gain the highest priority in the competition,leading to the opportunity of first one to forward packet.NS2 simulation results have shown that IAPR protocol can better realize packet forwarding and enhance packet transport efficiency.


Accounting system for regional forest-resources is developed as a tool to evaluate material flow of woods and timbers. The system combines physical resource flow with socio-economical values of the regional scale which consists of several sub-basins and urban areas. Policy options to promote the utilization of domestic forest timbers rather than imported ones are planned, as well as alternative options to reuse wasted wood products from urban areas. Environmental impacts of policy options are estimated for life cycle CO2, the amount of wastes, and direct costs. According to evaluation for Yodo River Basin Region, both economic costs and CO2 are decreased by the recycle use of wasted woods into particle boards.


ages e Development; Cognitive ;,Eleaentary School '' ary Edupationi *Imitation; Observationarlearningl es Solving; Research; Structural Analysis; This paper describes seven interrelated' studies concerned with chil'dren's understanding of sequential actions and with. the effects of observing amodel on this understanding. A total of 546 elementary and secondary schobl students served as subjects fox, the tudies. The tasks for all of the studieSinvolv4d deriving ..the pattern for a sequence from a, given aa.ple so as to be able to 'generate a continuation of=thatSequence.'Materials for the Sequences consisted of geolOric stapes and cblorg arranged according to rules for patterns of varying coaplexity. Perforiance was scored on the basis of the product completedand the strategy'used to go about the -task. Results indicated that observation of a model had the greatest impact on children who had a beginning understanding oethe sequential patterns but' who were not yet able tic handle they co'mpetently on their own. Results are discussed is relation to the .role of ipliation and in relation.to the role which specific contextual variableS such aS task'design and mode of testing play in . cognitivelunotioning. (Author/VD) mr,


The article analyzes the history of the study and treatment of stuttering, compared to the different points of view, methods and techniques of treatment of stuttering children and adults.


Gendered quotas have been one of the preferred instruments for promoting women's participation and empowerment in public decision-making positions. This study analyzes Colombia's constitutional validation of gender quotas. It examines how ideas of merit were articulated in favor and against the enactment of gender quotas. In doing so, it argues that the centrality of merit in the constitutional debate on gender quotas is fundamentally flawed, for it ignores the subjective nature of merit, limiting the type of experiences and potential that matter in democratic representation. From this perspective, the primary idea that men and women need to show that they 'deserve' to occupy representative positions undermines feminist critique on representation. In this sense, the article contributes to the debate on women's global leadership by revealing the risks of merit-driven arguments for advancing women's democratic representation.


Scientists have been familiar with various phenomena of wave propagation for several centuries, such as reflection, diffraction, normal and negative refraction in both linear and nonlinear systems. However, there has been no report about wave imagery in nonlinear systems which is a well-known phenomenon in linear optics. By periodically pacing a small area of a medium in one side of the interface, we reveal target wave imagery in the medium of the other side of the interface. We demonstrate that unlike what happens in linear optics, with certain proper parameter sets, imaging target waves in nonlinear systems can form without apparatus. The imagery process has been discussed in detail. Moreover, the position of the image will move when the core of the pacing-generated target wave changes. This imagery phenomenon provides a new insight into the understanding of the behavior of nonlinear waves, and is helpful to design new functional materials.


A MEMS gyroscope having high detection accuracy, a MEMS gyroscope for detecting a rotational motion around x, y and / or z axes, particularly a three-dimensional sensor, and a substrate A plurality of drive masses (2), preferably four, that are radially movable relative to the center, and said drive mass when substrate rotation occurs in the x, y and / or z axes A drive element (7) that vibrates the drive mass (2) to generate a Coriolis force in (2), wherein the vibrating drive mass (2) is non-vibrating; And, together with the oscillating drive mass (2), connected to at least one additional sensor mass (3) rotatable on the substrate about the x, y and / or z axis, Sensor elements (9, 10) for detecting movement of the sensor mass (3) and / or the drive mass (2) in relation to the substrate by the force of the orientation, and the spring (4) to the substrate MEMS gyroscope characterized in that it has at least two, preferably four anchoring devices (5) for pivotal mounting of the sensor mass (3). [Selection] Figure 1


Great changes have taken place in rural social structure with the gradual penetration and the adjustment of rural land system since the reform and opening-up for more than 30 years.The multi-center governance structure is gradually becoming the main method in the management of rural social public affairs.As an important subject in the process of rural governance,the rural social organization plays a crucial role in promoting farmers' collective actions and nurturing grass-roots democracy.Based on a brief review on the historic process of rural governance,this paper makes a case study on a special rural social organization in the northwest region,and mainly explains the social functions that rural social organization plays in the modern rural governance.Cooperation among all kinds of rural social organizations,rural party organizations and villagers is a major way to work out the dilemma in rural social governance at present.


Reliability growth tracking is a method for quantifying and monitoring system reliability during the development process through the collection and analysis of test related data. Often reliability growth tracking is not contractually required or it is not done until late in the development process as part of a formal reliability demonstration test. The benefits that can be obtained by conducting reliability growth tracking earlier in the development process on breadboard prototype systems are pointed out. Discussions of tracking procedures, results and the use of the AMSAA (Army Material Systems Analysis Activity) reliability growth model are presented, based on an actual case study.<<ETX>>


OBJECTIVE
To analyze the work process of the Family Health Support Center and identify the repercussions on professionals' quality of life at work.

METHOD
A descriptive-exploratory qualitative case study conducted with workers from Family Health Support Centers. The content analysis technique was used to analyze the resulting empirical material in the light of the theoretical reference of Work Psychodynamics.

RESULTS
Twenty workers participated in the focus groups. This study discusses the category of 'suffering' by the chosen theoretical perspective, which derives from interpersonal relationships and teamwork, the feeling of not belonging, lack of infrastructure for work, violence and vulnerability present in the territory.

CONCLUSION
Group union and collaborative integration among workers can be strategies for the minimization of suffering at work in the context of the Family Health Strategy.


In the work, based on the materials of field research in the Chistoozern district of the Novosibirsk region in 2022, an attempt is made to recreate the local ethno-confessional history. The content of the research defines the concept of "ethno-confessional landscape", which allows us to describe ethnic and religious processes with a projection on the real locus — the old-resident village of Koshkul and the rural (Orthodox) community in the process of its formation and transformations during the XVIII–XX c.


This paper proposes a method to parallelize the recursive preorder traversal algorithm on an ordered general tree. The method is based on building and winding call stacks, which are achieved by statically prepared initializing and terminating functions. In the method, an ordered general tree is split in a manner in which the nodes of a consecutive preorder range are assigned to a worker thread. At that time, all worker threads are aligned in order of the worker IDs, and an earlier worker thread is assigned an earlier preorder range. Each node is processed exactly once by only one worker thread. This paper also provides a set of proofs to show that each worker thread can start/stop its recursive preorder traversal from/at an intended place in a tree. The method is sufficiently general to be applicable to existing applications that adopt the recursive preorder traversal such as Protocol Buffers, which is a type of serializer/deserializer tool. The evaluation results show that the serialization result writing time of the parallelized Protocol Buffers is 1.78 fold shorter than that for normal Protocol Buffers when serializing 40,320 double values using 5 worker threads.


Development course of trivalent chromium plating was reviewed and new technology of sulphate trivalent chromium plating was introduced.Using the new technology,chromium plating rates increase to from 0.055 to 0.075μ m/min,and the rates do not vary with electroplating time,which achieve a new breakthrough.The chromium plating solution is stable,operation simple,and control easy.The chromium coating quality is excellent,color beautiful and thickness can exceeds 0.3 μm.Salt spray testing(NNS),basic environmental testing(damp heat,steady state),synthetic sweat testing,and chemical pollution resistance testing all meet the needs of the standards.Researches showed that the new technology of trivalent chromium plating has obvious superiority to others and can satisfy requirement of more buyer.


This paper examines the overall and sectoral economic impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) on the Thai economy using the economic data from 2005-2013. In assessing the overall economic impact, it is found that FDI has contributed positively to Thailand's economic growth. However, when analyzing the sectoral details, the empirical results indicate that FDI has a varying impact on the productive sectors in Thailand. Out of the 9 sub-sectors covered by this study, 5 sub-sectors (manufacturing, construction, financial, wholesale, retail trade, and agriculture) show strong statistically-significant positive effects of FDI on the relevant sector's value-added output. Based on these findings, it is suggested that policy-makers, including the Board of Investment, should aim to promote FDI with special consideration of the sectoral impact that would enable Thailand's FDI promotion policies to be more productive and beneficial for the Thai economy.


The invention discloses a user exploration type information exhibiting method based on a visualization technology. The user exploration type information exhibiting method comprises the following steps: 1, preprocessing collected data backstage and then visually displaying the processed data on a map interface, wherein the collected data comprises GIS (Geographic Information System) data and statistical data, and the statistical data comprises different dimensions of information related to the GIS data; 2, establishing a color lump view by a plurality of display areas according to the statistical data, and representing the different dimensions of information of the statistical data by using color and transparency of a color lump; 3, providing selection of an area-of-interest area for a user. The user exploration type information exhibiting method can be used for presenting various statistical data more intuitively and conveniently, and provides convenience for the user to observe the relationship among various areas and the comparison condition; in addition, prior domain knowledge of the user can be added to a whole model in the inquiry process, so that the knowledge of the user and machine intelligence are combined, the advantages are exerted, and the information exhibiting method is helpful for the user to make a decision more efficiently.


In this work, we are examining the effect of the analyte on the process of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS). Benzophenone and riboflavin solutions were used as analytes for the measurements. The enhancement was measured on the same gold nanoisland substrates for both analytes at two different excitation wavelengths (532 and 633 nm). The enhancement factor was obtained for both analytes, and the influence of the analytes was studied.


Imagine Google is running A/B tests (randomized experiments) that randomly assign billions of Youtube video ads to billions of user impressions, each of which then produces some outcome like a click. For more on Youtube ads, see https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KW0eUrUiyxo Google/Youtube/advertisers are interested in what kind of video ads are effective at changing user behavior. How should we extract video features that drive treatment effects? This project attempts to answer this question by combining causal inference and machine learning (especially computer vision techniques with deep learning).


The acquisition of high-quality EELS and energy-filtered image data in a transmission electron microscope (TEM) represents many challenges not experienced by most TEM acquisition modes. The central challenges are dose efficiency and dynamic range. For energy-filtered TEM (EFTEM), the data is acquired by broadly illuminating the sample while only acquiring a narrow band of energies; thus, the vast majority of the dose on the sample is wasted. Furthermore, as the energy range investigated is varied, the signal intensity changes dramatically, often over many orders of magnitude. For EELS, the challenges are even greater. The range of intensities of interest in a single spectrum can often span 6 to 7 orders of magnitude making recording problematic. Since the spectrum is recorded in parallel, EELS acquisition can be very dose efficient, but only if the acquisition device can be readout quickly and efficiently.


In the current business context, SMEs play a determining role for most regions. For this reason, more and more companies are adopting business strategies that lead them to maintain and increase their competitiveness. Two of these strategies are Entrepreneurial Orientation (EO) and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). The purpose of the study is to observe the effects that the EO has on the CSR and on the Corporate Performance (CPERF). In addition, it seeks to determine if the CSR has significant effects on the Corporate Performance, and it has also been proposed to examine the mediating effect that the CSR has between the variable EO and Corporate Performance. The study analyzes a sample of 488 trade and service SMEs from the Northwest region in Mexico. The information was collected through a self-directed survey of the manager of each SME from May to September 2018. For the analysis of the data, the statistical technique PLS-SEM was used (partial least squares structural equation modeling). The results report that EO has a strong significant effect on CSR and also on the Corporate Performance of SMEs. Furthermore, the results have corroborated that CSR is a mediating variable between EO and Corporate Performance. The study contributes to the development of the theory of Dynamic Capabilities and of Stakeholders, corroborating that SMEs that adopt EO and CSR can lead them to the permanent adoption of sustainable entrepreneurship and the improvement of their corporate performance results. * This research has been funded with support from the Government of Mexico through the program of the Ministry of Public Education for the Strengthening of Educational Quality (PFCE 2019, 2020) https://www.dgespe.sep.gob.mx/pfce/reglas_operacion and with resources from the Technological Institute of Sonora (ITSON), during the year 2020. European Regional Development Fund and Junta of Extremadura (Business Research [INVE] Research Group [SEJ022 code]) and by the VI Action Plan 2018–2020 under grant number GR18058. ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND SUSTAINABILITY ISSUES ISSN 2345-0282 (online) http://jssidoi.org/jesi/ 2021 Volume 8 Number 3 (March) http://doi.org/10.9770/jesi.2021.8.3(41) Make your research more visible, join the Twitter account of ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND SUSTAINABILITY ISSUES: @Entrepr69728810 655


Malnourishment, food insecurity, food swamps and obesity. These are only a few of the detrimental effects of the current food system, a product of industrialization and path dependence within unsustainable practices. As sustainability issues in general, the inherent complexity that the Los Angeles food system is characterized by requires collective action by stakeholders from across the public, private and community sectors. A paradigm shift where sustainably produced, high quality food is both supplied and demanded is essential for the development of a sustainable food system; one where healthy and affordable food is accessible to all societies' communities. A sustainable food system is not unobtainable. It does however require dedication and participation, and perhaps first and foremost: coordination. The Los Angeles Food Policy Council is a non-governmental organization that works effectively with initiatives to address food system issues in the Southern California region. An example of such an initiative is the Good Food Procurement Policy, which can be regarded as one of the most comprehensive and successful food procurement policies in the United States, in which the Los Angeles Food Policy Council coordinates actors in a collaboration toward developing a sustainable food system. The Los Angeles Food Policy Council and the Good Food Procurement Policy thus provide for an eminent case to study in order to address the purpose of this thesis, namely to increase the understanding of the mechanisms that affect an NGO's ability to coordinate the actors in collaborations toward the development of sustainable food systems. In order to address that purpose, a qualitative case study was conducted where a framework was constructed through pattern matching of theoretical and empirical data. The theoretical data were, due to a gap in the research, gathered through a synthesis of the four areas: cross-sector collaboration theory, NGO theory, sustainable food supply chain theory, and coordination theory. The empirical data was collected through interviews conducted with individuals that provided valuable insights. The mechanisms found to be most relevant are; organizational characteristics of the NGO, knowledge-sharing about sustainable food, organizational characteristics of the collaboration, path dependence, communication and information-sharing, and financial resource dependence.


This paper discussed the operation principle of reheated Rankine cycle according to the first law of thermodynamics and proposed a method to acquire the optimum reheated pressure ratio based on the highest cycle thermal efficiency. In order to verify the rationality and validity of this method, this paper selected R134a, R11 and R227ea to be the working fluids and calculated the thermodynamic performance of the reheated Rankine cycle system with using MATLAB and REFPROP. This paper also studied the thermodynamic performance of the conventional Rankine cycle system under the same conditions to compare the difference with the reheated cycle pattern.


Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has become an essential tool for designing and optimizing the structure of blood pumps. However, it is still questionable which turbulence model can better obtain...


Fifty-eight Spanish high school chemistry textbooks from 1974 to 1998 were analyzed in relation to their treatment of metallic bonding (grade 9–11 textbooks include physics and chemistry in the same subject). The sample was made with the broadest variety of textbooks that could be found including those most widely employed. A questionnaire containing 12 items was designed to explore what is usually taught, how it is taught, and the potential that textbooks have to produce meaningful learning in students. Finally, the textbook authors' and publishers' roles as agents of change in the Spanish science pedagogical reform are examined. Results show that nearly half of the textbooks virtually define the metallic bonding model; thus, the relationship among models and experimental facts cannot be understood by students. The theoretical models employed by textbooks in their explanations are metaphorical in nature and they are as open to misinterpretations as standard analogies; nevertheless, textbooks are not sensitive to this characteristic of the theoretical models. Textbooks must be more convincing in their explanations and clarify explicitly some important aspects of metallic bonding. Drawings in textbooks must show, in a more accurate way, the nature of the metallic models proposed. There is a lack of integrative reconciliation among different topics, which are needed to provide students with meaningful learning. New LOGSE textbooks (which comply with the General Act for the Educational System of 1990) have a more careful and attractive presentation than older LGE textbooks (which comply with the General Act for Education of 1970); however, only a few textbooks have a clearly constructivist orientation in accordance with the guidelines given by the Education Ministry. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Sci Ed83:423–447, 1999.


Objective To compare the uptake of faecal immunochemical occult blood test (FIT) with guaiacfaecal occult blood test (gFOBT) in a screening programme, with specific attention to thedemographic and socioeconomic factors that might affect test uptake.Setting The Clalit Health Service screening programme, Israel.Methods Average-risk individuals aged 50–75 years were randomized into a FITarm or gFOBTarmusing a programme based on the socioeconomic status (SES) of their primary care clinics. G-FOBTwasperformed with Hemoccult SENSA


AbstractThe packing stability in symplectic geometry was first noticed byBiran [Bir97]: the symplectic obstructions to embed several balls into amanifold disappear when their size is small enough. This phenomenonis known to hold for all closed manifolds with rational symplectic class(see [Bir99] for the 4-dimensional case, and [BH11, BH13] for higherdimensions), as well as for all ellipsoids [BH13].In this note, we show that packing stability holds for all closed, andseveral open, symplectic 4-manifolds. 1 Introduction In [Bir97, Bir99], Biran discovered the packing stability phenomenon: insome symplectic 4-manifolds, the symplectic obstructions to pack Nidenti-cal balls disappear when Nbecomes large enough. He later generalized thisresult to every closed symplectic 4-manifold with rational symplectic class([ω] ∈ H 2 (M,Q)).In this paper we generalize these results in several directions, by applyingthe singular inflation technique developed in [Ops13b, MO13]. We generalizeBiran's packing stability to all symplectic 4-manifolds, and also to a class ofopensymplectic 4-manifolds includingellipsoids anddomainswe call pseudo-balls. For these manifolds, we establish not just packing stability but strongpacking stability, which we define now. The definition is in the spirit ofBiran's first results on the subject [Bir97]. Throughout B(λ) will denote anopen ball of capacity λ(see Definition 1.3) and we will write U


the expression level of caspase-1 or GSDMD has the potential to individually change death modes. The decrease of caspase-1 or GSDMD level switches cell death from pyroptosis to secondary pyroptosis. Be- sides, eight biochemical reactions are identified that can efficiently switch death modes. While from the viewpoint of bifurcation analysis, the expression level of caspase-3 is further identified and twelve bio- chemical reactions are obtained. The coexistence of pyroptosis and secondary pyroptosis is predicted to be observed not only within the bistable range, but also within proper monostable range, presenting two potential different control mechanisms. Combined with the landscape theory, we further explore the stochastic dynamic and global stability of the pyroptotic system, accurately quantifying how each compo- nent mediates the individual occurrence probability of pyroptosis and secondary pyroptosis. Overall, this study sheds new light on the intricate crosstalk of the pyroptotic signaling and uncovers the regulatory mechanisms of various stable state transitions, providing potential clues to guide the development for prevention and treatment of pyroptosis-related diseases.


Let c(F) be the number of perfect pairs of F and c(G) be the maximum of c(F) over all (near-) one-factorizations F of G. Wagner showed that for odd n, c(K_{n}) \geq n*phi(n)/2 and for m and n which are odd and co-prime to each other, c(K_{mn}) \geq 2*c(K_{m})*c(K_{n}). In this note, we establish that both these results are equivalent in the sense that they both give rise to the same lower bound.


The value of an enterprise is the most important factor which determines the enterprise's vigor under the conditions of the market\|based economy. Any enterprise should shift its strategic goal from improving the short\|term financial efficiency to enhancing its own value in the long\|term so as to survive the intense competition and strive for its existence and development. At the same time, it should map out and implement the strategy based on the strategic factors that determine the enterprise's value for the purpose of building up competitive advantages that can add value to it.


We prove that every claw-free graph $G$ that doesn't contain a clique on $\Delta(G) \geq 9$ vertices can be $\Delta(G) - 1$ colored.


The problem of strictly quadratic dissipative control for discrete-time T-S fuzzy systems was studied.Sufficient condition for the solutions of the strictly quadratic dissipative control was then obtained by using the linear matrix inequality(LMI) approach.The result unifies existing results on H-infinite and positive control,which provides a more flexible and less conservative control design method.The simulation result shows the feasibility and superiority of the method proposed.


Cultural analysis has been under review by scholars and presents itself today with invaluable tools/methods for the analysis and deconstruction of everyday objects and their sociocultural contexts. In this sense, we approach the object of a marketing campaign for Gucci, entitled "Gucci Hallucination". The video and associated visual narrative(s) under review underline neo-Victorian readings and backgrounds, mainly through the character of Ophelia. The articulation of approaches in textual analysis within brand communication underlines the potential for interdisciplinary research.


In presenting a discussion of the current state of knowledge of plasma membrane CaZt -pumping ATPases, it is important to be aware that this is a field that has developed rather recently. Only in the case of the erythrocyte is there a significant literature going back for 15 years; in a discussion of plasma membrane Cazt pumps from other cell types, papers prior to 1979 must be considered old. Reports of high-affinity Caz+ -ATPases from various plasma membranes have multiplied in the last 2 years. As a result of this, my statements must be viewed as a snapshot of a rapidly moving field. The recognition of the CaZf-pumping ATPase of the human erythrocyte came relatively early because the erythrocyte has no other system for actively managing its intracellular CaZt concentration. The Ca2+ -stimulated ATPase activity was first observed in erythrocyte membranes by Dunham and Glynn in 1961.' Five years later Schatzmann showed an ATP-consuming Caz+ efflux from resealed red cell ghosts,' allowing the connection to be made between the ATPase and Ca'+ transport. Subsequent to these observations, an active literature, which has been ably It is clear that excessive intracellular Cazt can be very damaging to the human erythrocyte, and that its main lines of defense against Ca2+ influx are the unusual impermeability of its membrane to Caz+ and the activity of the Ca'+-pumping ATPase. The regulation of the erythrocyte Caz+ -ATPase will be discussed below, but first, plasma membrane CaZ + -pumping ATPases in other types of cells will be considered. I will not attempt to discuss all the reports of such ATPases comprehensively, as a review is in p repa ra t i~n .~ In general, the criteria for distinguishing a plasma membrane CaZ+-pumping ATPase are (1) its origin in a plasma membrane and (2) its requirement for a low concentration of free Ca". In general, the apparent K , for Ca2+ should be less than 10 pM in the presence of ethylene glycol-bis-( 2-aminoethylether)N.N'-tetraacetic acid (EGTA). A demonstration that the same membranes can support both a Ca'+-ATPase and an ATP-dependent Ca'+ transport is also desirable, but is not always possible to achieve. In the erythrocyte, the identity of the Ca2+ pump with the high Caz+ affinity ATPase has been unequivocally shown by purification of the enzyme and demonstration of the Ca2'-pumping properties of the purified enzyme in reconstituted l i p ~ s o m e s . ~ ~ ~ In numerous other systems, both high Caz+ affinity ATPase and transport have been observed (heart: synaptosomes:-" squid ne~ve,". '~ adipocyte~,'~. '~ and maci~phage '~ , '~) . In addition to the fundamental properties of Ca'+ and ATP splitting and Ca" accumulation, other common properties have been associated with these ATPases in a number of different systems. These properties include (I) direct regulation by calmodulin (not via a protein kinase); (21 a requirement for Mg2+ in has developed on Ca2+ transport by this enzyme.


This article described the optical fiber communication network platform in the Communication Experimental Center of East China Jiaotong University,and the construction of the overall training objectives and content of training.The hardware platform construction,experiment control software,and training projects were pointed out.And the construction of practic training platform and the cultivation of student's engineering practice ability were unified.


The noise of an explosion was reported by staff from Marne Barracks at 3am today (29 November 2014) and at this stage an actual explosion site has not ...


OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to analyze alcoholic cirrhosis in women who were to undergo liver transplant, including their biochemical and clinical characteristics, main complications, survival rates, and main causes of death compared with men with alcoholic cirrhosis.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
Our study included 400 patients with alcoholic cirrhosis, which we divided according to sex and viral infections. Biochemical parameters and the presence and degree of ascites and encephalopathy, liver function status, and liver rejection and survival rates were analyzed from 1 to 10 years and the main cause of death at 10 years.

RESULTS
Patients with nonviral alcoholic cirrhosis and liver transplant had significantly better survival rates (84.1%) at 1 year versus those with viral alcoholic cirrhosis (74.5%; P = .036). Men with nonviral alcoholic cirrhosis (14%) and women with hepatitis C virus (29%) had the lowest short-term survival rates. In long-term survival analysis, the lowest rate was observed in women with nonviral alcoholic cirrhosis (26.1%), and the highest rate was observed in women with hepatitis C virus (42.9%). Liver graft failure was one of the main causes of death in male patients (19.5%).

CONCLUSIONS
Women with alcoholic cirrhosis showed a higher rate of ascites and encephalopathy but lower liver graft rejection than men with alcoholic cirrhosis. Survival rates were similar between men and women, although slightly lower in women who had hepatitis C virus.


Background: Body mechanics is the term used to describe the efficient, coordinated, and safe use of the body to move objects and carry out the activities of daily living. Methods: A descriptive co relational survey was conducted among 100 class IV workers of a tertiary hospital. The convenience sampling technique was used to select subjects. Baseline Proforma, a knowledge questionnaire on body mechanics, and a self-reported tool were used to collect the data. Results: Revealed that 64% of the subject had poor knowledge of body mechanics, 74% of Class IV worker's Usage of Body Mechanics during the work found to be poor, and a weak positive correlation was found between knowledge and usage (r =.091) of Body Mechanics among Class IV workers. Conclusion: The class IV workers are also considered an essential member of the health care team. The management's responsibility, including nurses, is to teach them how to use these techniques to prevent musculoskeletal injuries.


Objective:Candida species represent the fourth cause of nosocomial bloodstream infections worldwide. Because Candida glabrata has become the second most frequently identified yeast and because the rate of fluconazole-resistant C. glabrata strains reaches 10% to 15%, initial antifungal therapy based on fluconazole in nonneutropenic hemodynamically stable patients, as recommended by current guidelines, may be an ineffective option. Our aim was to determine easy-to-identify risk factors for C. glabrata fungemia likely to guide and improve initial antifungal therapy. Design:Prospective multicenter cohort study. Setting:Five French intensive care units. Patients:Consecutive nonneutropenic patients without known Candida colonization who had blood culture-confirmed fungemia over a 4-yr period. Interventions:None. Measurements and Main Results:A total of 8206 patients were screened. One hundred fifty-four patients with blood culture-confirmed fungemia constituted the cohort, of whom 48 had C. glabrata fungemia and 106 had nonglabrata fungemia. Patients' baseline characteristics and in-intensive care unit events potentially related to C. glabrata fungemia were systematically recorded. Compared with patients with nonglabrata fungemia, patients with C. glabrata fungemia were older and more severely ill, had received more antibiotics, and were more likely to have undergone surgery. The stepwise logistic regression analysis identified six independent risk factors for C. glabrata fungemia: age >60 yrs, recent abdominal surgery, interval from intensive care unit admission to first positive blood culture ≤7 days, recent use of cephalosporins, solid tumor, and absence of diabetes mellitus. The model showed satisfying goodness of fit (Hosmer-Lemeshow statistic = .26) and discrimination (c statistic = .89). Conclusions:We found six early available and easy-to-identify risk factors for C. glabrata fungemia. When these factors are present, alternatives to fluconazole for initial antifungal therapy should be considered.


Musicians aim to express emotions through musical performances. Technically, musical expression is mainly created by variances in tempo and dynamics. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the possibility of generating dynamics and expressive tempo for plain (inexpressive) MIDI files by means of a long short-term memory (LSTM) artificial neural network. Two neural network models (for dynamics and tempo separately) were built with the use of Keras deep learning library and trained on a dataset consisting of Chopin's mazurkas. The trained models are capable of generating expressive performance of inexpressive mazurka represented in MIDI format. The generated performances are evaluated by comparing the resulting dynamics and tempo graphs to human performances and by a survey testing the ease of differentiation between human and generated performance. The conclusion of the research is that expression generated with LSTM network can be very similar to human expression and convincing for listeners.