Orchids are the fanciest group of flowering plants which are scattered throughout the world from tropics to high alpine. The first country that presents the documentary evidence for medicinal uses of Orchids is China. Orchids were studied for the medicinal properties because of the chemical composition that have an effect toward the microorganism live in and on human and the surrounding. The present study was carried out to determine antimicrobial and radical scavenging activity of extract prepared from flowers of one native/wild orchid and one hybrid orchid (Orchidaceae family) namely Arundina graminifolia (D.Don) Hochr, and Renanthera Kalsom 'Red Dragon' (Renanthera philippinensis X Renanthera storeiei) bought from Jelita Orchid Farm. Antimicrobial and radical scavenging activity of orchid extracts was determined by disk-diffusion agar and DPPH free radical scavenging activity respectively. From the antimicrobial test conducted, extract of wild orchid with chloroform showing the highest inhibition zone than others extracts. The chloroform extract of wild orchid exhibited stronger radical scavenging activity when compared to other orchid extracts.


In the past 10 years, we have witnessed a rapid paradigm shift in computing from that of mainframe to clientserver. This paradigm shift has enabled the realization of cloud computing where data and computing resources are no longer located at the client side but are readily accessible in a remote data center via the Internet. To support cloud computing for a large population of Internet users, data centers must support enormous aggregate bandwidth on the order of hundreds of terabits per second. The required bandwidth will continue to rise due to increased broadband Internet users as attested by the more than 80 million in the United States alone as of 2010. By 2013, cloud computing is projected to increase by 300 percent.


Smooth and notched fatigue specimens, made of steels equivalent to AISI 4140 and AISI 4130, respectively, were surface hardened at the gauge section by laser scanning. The hardening results were evaluated by metallurgical studies, mainly microstructure classifications and hardness test. The martensitic phase was found to be predominant in the hardened zone. The residual stress field induced by laser hardening was studied by the X-ray diffraction method. Compressive stresses were found in the hardened zone of all specimens, while tensile stresses in the core. The results clearly showed that the characteristics of the residual stress field depended on the material, the specimen type, and the laser-hardening condition including the processing parameters and the scanning pattern. By carefully selecting the laser scanning pattern, a large surface area may be hardened by multi-pass scan without substantial tempering in the overlapped zone and with high compressive stresses as demonstrated by hardening of the smooth specimens with a spiral track.


??This paper presents the problems of designing low-order controller for a linear time-invariant(LTI) system in parameter space, wherein both transient response requirements and stability shall be considered in the same space. For a LTI system, we, (1) develop a method determining the existence of low-order stabilizers of the first-order and PID structures, (2) develop an algorithm of finding such a stabilizing region. (3) Both procedures are carried out by means of a parametric approach in the same frame work. This leads to easily obtain a subset of controller gains from the stabilizing set. that meet good time response requirements. It is illustrated by examples.


This paper studies the reform of teaching method for specialized course based on eDID concept. Taking the curriculum the principle of remote sensors in remote sensing science and technology as an example, the course design and practical methods based on micro-projects were studied. The carefully designed micro-projects containing complicated engineering problems were adopted and became an important part of teaching activities for students and teachers. During the implementation of the micro-project, the roles of teacher and students were reversed. Students became the center of the entire teaching/learning activities to carry out the project conceiving, designing, implementing and operating. Teachers' focus shifted from traditional classroom lecturing to answering puzzles and leading students to do analytical reasoning and problem solving. The micro-project teaching method was practiced among 90 undergraduate students of remote sensing science and technology in Wuhan University. A questionnaire survey was designed to evaluate the teaching effect.


The utility model relates to a power consumer electricity utilization information collecting and management system, and in particular relates to a cloud service based power consumer electricity utilization information collecting system. The cloud service based power consumer electricity utilization information collecting system is characterized by comprising a cloud server and a cloud terminal which are connected through a wireless mode, and the cloud terminal is connected with a power grid management main station system through a GPRS/CDMA (general packet radio service/code division multiple access) wireless network mode so as to be in communication with the main station system. According to the utility model, a network is utilized to be communicated with a collecting terminal, a concentrator and the like, and the safety and integrity of data transmission are ensured; the power consumer electricity utilization data is not stored in the collecting terminal and the concentrator, but is stored in the cloud server; the parameter setting of the terminal is directly issued to the terminal through the cloud server, and the parameter setting is more convenient; the operation of terminal execution is operated directly on the cloud server and is not required to be issued to the terminal; the application software is more convenient to update; and the terminal system updating is controlled by the cloud server, and the system updating is flexible.


Simple Summary Over the past few years, there has been an increasing interest in comprehending the structure and dynamics of wild populations. This plays a pivotal role in enhancing our knowledge of wildlife management, conservation biology, and behavioral ecology. The primary objective of this study was to construct a mathematical model that could anticipate the sex of the white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum) by employing non-invasive techniques. The development of this predictive mathematical model—which utilizes concentrations of fecal cortisol, progesterone, estrone, and testosterone metabolites, and which achieves an accuracy rate of approximately 80% for white rhinoceroses—represents a significant and groundbreaking advancement in the realm of wildlife conservation. Abstract Ensuring the effective management of every rhinoceros population is crucial for securing a future for the species, especially considering the escalating global threat of poaching and the challenges faced in captive breeding programs for this endangered species. Steroid hormones play pivotal roles in regulating diverse biological processes, making fecal hormonal determinations a valuable non-invasive tool for monitoring adrenal and gonadal endocrinologies and assessing reproductive status, particularly in endangered species. The purpose of this study was to develop a statistical model for predicting the sex of white rhinoceroses using hormonal determinations obtained from a single fecal sample. To achieve this, 562 fecal samples from 15 individuals of the Ceratotherium simum species were collected, and enzyme immunoassays were conducted to determine the concentrations of fecal cortisol, progesterone, estrone, and testosterone metabolites. The biological validation of the method provided an impressive accuracy rate of nearly 80% in predicting the sex of hypothetically unknown white rhinoceroses. Implementing this statistical model for sex identification in white rhinoceroses would yield significant benefits, including a better understanding of the structure and dynamics of wild populations. Additionally, it would enhance conservation management efforts aimed at protecting this endangered species. By utilizing this innovative approach, we can contribute to the preservation and long-term survival of white rhinoceros populations.


A burgeoning national interest in sex education has resulted in numerous conferences; a proliferation of curricula, outlines, and teaching aids; the formation of the national Sex Information and Education Council of the United States (SIECUS) ; and active expressions of interest and concern from many other organizations. Many questions have arisen which need empirical data and conclusions derived from and tested by research. Yet in perusing the sex education literature since 1956 as it pertains directly to formal school education, one finds an amazing paucity of research on structure, content, and results. That which is available is for the most part simplistic and often narrow in scope. The questions are there but data for answering them often are not. Why does research in this area lag so seriously? Unquestionably for several reasons. Those educators who support sex education are commonly practitioners. They have worked with youth and sense their needs. Facing many obstacles and touchy issues in the development of programs, they are seldom calm, detached, objective researchers; they are more often organizers and activists. Moreover they are commonly educated to be teachers and/or community workers. Research is not their forte, nor does the public school provide a favorable climate for research. Elementary and secondary school teachers typically regard their pupils as unmarried and, for the most part, sexless. Research in sex education tends to shatter this image. The most substantial research is done at the university level by persons attuned to behavioral research in sociology, psychology, or one of the related behavioral fields. However, there is much hesitancy and fear on the part of persons oriented to strict scientific objectivity lest they become involved in moralistic debate or involved with essentially unprovable value issues. Finally, techniques and instruments for research in this area are poorly developed. Studies of sexual behavior and education have never been wholly respectable. Consequently research in this area bears less status and is generally less sophisticated than that in other behavioral areas.


The quest to understand what causes chronic, acute, infectious, and rare diseases has been a central focus of human health studies since the beginning of scientific discovery (Ahmed, 2020). Our evolving understanding of their complex nature has led us to realize the importance of effective diagnosis and treatment of patients with these conditions (Ahmed et al., 2020). Over the last few decades, genomics has been leading us towards an audacious future; it has been changing our views about conducting biomedical research, studying diseases, and understanding diversity in our society across the human species (Zeeshan et al., 2020). However, there are more unknowns than knowns in genomics. By identifying the novel risk factors and disease biomarkers, genomics and precision medicine has the potential to translate scientific discovery into clinically actionable personal healthcare (Ahmed, 2022). Nevertheless, we still require innovative and intelligent solutions to advance genomics and precision medicine, such as creating new models of medicine where physicians use clinical decision support systems based on Artificial Intelligence (AI) andMachine Learning (ML) to choose the best treatment for a patient guided by the genomics variants that each of us has (Vadapalli et al., 2022). The rightful use of the AI/ML can accelerate our ability to leverage and impact the overall way of scientific research. This Research Topic focuses on the publication of AI/ML approaches proposed to facilitate the implementation of genomics and precision medicine and accelerate diagnostic and preventive care delivery strategies that go beyond traditional symptom-driven, disease-causal medical practice. Successfully achieving the goals of this Research Topic, we were able to publish five interesting peer-reviewed articles, addressing variable disease-specific challenges among diverse populations and providing valuable insights to direct future research based on AI/ML techniques. In, "SPCMLMI: A structural perturbation-based matrix completion method to predict lncRNA–miRNA interactions", Wang et al. have discussed the significance, methodology, and implementation of their computational model, i.e., SPCMLMI, for inferring lncRNAmiRNA interactions through a structural perturbation-based matrix completion. In this study, authors evaluated the prediction performance of this novel model and exercised it to OPEN ACCESS


Abstract Quantifying human health and functioning poses significant challenges in many research areas. Commonly in the social and behavioral sciences and increasingly in epidemiologic research, multiple indicators are utilized as responses in lieu of an obvious single measure for an outcome of interest. In this article we study the concomitant latent class model for analyzing such multivariate categorical outcome data. We develop practical theory for reducing and identifying such models. We detail parameter and standard error fitting that parallels standard latent class methodology, thus supplementing the approach proposed by Dayton and Macready. We propose and study diagnostic strategies, exemplifying our methods using physical disability data from an ongoing gerontologic study. Throughout, the focus of our work is on applications for which a primary goal is to study the association between health or functioning and covariates.


We present our personal histories with Michael Fisher. We describe how each one of us first came to Cornell University. We also discuss our many subsequent interactions and successful collaborations with him on various physics projects.


Optical anisotropy of absorption and luminescence of F-centres in BeO crystals are investigated. It is established that the anisotropy of the absorption band of F-centres in the 6.5 eV region is due to the splitting of the singlet excited state of the 1P type into the components 1A1 and 1E in the crystalline field of C3v symmetry. It is shown that the anisotropic band of F-centre luminescence at 4.9 eV is determined by singlet-singlet transitions 1A1 1A1. The more intense luminescence band of F-centres at 3.4 eV with the lifetime 700 ms at 80 K and the insignificant anisotropy are due to the spin forbidden triplet-singlet transitions 3E 1A1. The characteristics of non-radiative transitions in the F-centre and the reasons for the absence of photoconversion of F F+ centres are discussed.

[Russian Text Ignored.]


Photoelectron spectra of cold Nin 2 and Con 2 clusters revealed discrete electronic features for n,10 for Ni and 20 for Co. These features, mainly due to detachment of 4s electrons, merge with 3d-derived features at larger cluster sizes, indicating the onset of significant s-d hybridization. The current results clearly revealed how the electronic structure of Ni and Co clusters evolves from molecular to bulklike in the early stage of cluster growth. They also provide insight into the origin of the enhanced magnetism in small Ni and Co clusters, due to the localized nature of the 3 d electrons. Atoms of the 3d transition-metal ~TM! elements are characterized by their open d shell, which gives rise to magnetism and many other interesting physical and chemical properties. 1 However, as the atoms combine to form solids, s-d hybridization occurs and the 3 d electrons participate in chemical bonding. Consequently, early transition metals completely lose their magnetism in bulk solids, and only Fe, Co, and Ni are known to be ferromagnetic among the 3d metals. It is expected that small clusters of the early transition metals should be magnetic and those of the late transition metals should possess enhanced magnetic moments. Extensive theoretical effort has been devoted to address the magnetism of TM clusters. 2‐9 However, how the s-d hybridization evolves with cluster size, and the precise cluster size at which significant s-d hybridization occurs are still not known. At present no definitive experimental proofs of magnetism in clusters of the early transition metals have been obtained, 10 though enhanced magnetism has been observed in clusters of Fe, Co, and Ni in Stern-Gerlach-type experiments. 11,12 The magnetic moments of these clusters were shown to decrease rapidly with cluster size in the smallsize regime and approach to the bulk value when the clusters reach a few hundred atoms.


The biggest loss of vitamins occurs at high temperature when baking, or boiling down of confectionery masses. Even when fully observing technological requirements, there may be problems with the discrepancies between the labeling data and the actual content of ingredients in the chemical composition of confectionery products. Divergences in the content of vitamins arise because of the unstable properties of the incoming raw materials, what contradicts the principle of not misinforming consumers. To enrich with the water-soluble vitamins, jelly marmalade was used. The main process that affects the quality of marmalade and preservation of the added micronutrients is the process of gel formation, that occurs at high temperature and depends on the concentration of pectin, content of solids, and pH of the mass. At the temperature of adding the vitamin complex of 90 °С, the loss of vitamins В 1 and В 2 of up to 50 % occurs. The biggest preservation of vitamins is ensured when introducing the vitamin complex into the jelly mass at the last stage of cooking, at the final stage of tempering, and at the lowest possible temperature of 70–73 °C. This allowed to reduce the loss of vitamins to 8–36 % when they were introduced into products while maintaining the strength of agar jelly. When stored, a gradual decrease in the content of vitamins as a result of their oxidation and transition to more stable forms is observed in all samples, and the patterns are more pronounced at elevated temperatures. In conditions of "accelerated aging", preservation of vitamin PP is higher, and vitamin B2 is destructed the quickest. When using this method, it becomes possible to predict preservation of vitamins in case of traditional storage. This reduces the duration of research 2- or 3-fold.


OBJECTIVES
The co-existence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and sickle cell disease (SCD) is rare. This study aimed to explore whether SCD patients have the same DM prevalence as the general population in a country with a high prevalence of DM.

METHODS
This cross-sectional study included all SCD adult patients admitted to Salmaniya Medical Complex, Bahrain, between 2003 and 2010 (n = 2,204). A random sample (n = 520) was taken to establish the prevalence of DM. Laboratory records were examined to determine the presence of DM.

RESULTS
There were 376 SCD patients with complete records; of these, 24 (6.4%) had DM. The age- and sex-standardised prevalence of DM was 8.3%.

CONCLUSION
While the prevalence of DM in SCD patients in Bahrain was high, it was lower than expected in this population. SCD may have a protective effect towards DM development. However, the impact of these two conditions on vascular diseases suggest a need for screening and aggressive treatment in this population.


The convective heat transfer coefficients and heat transfer characteristics of the porous media were experimentally measured. At a same porosity, pore density of the foam and mass flow rate were varied in the range of the parameters; 20, 40, 80 PPI(pore per inch) and 0.0035 kg/s ≤ mass flow rate ≤ 0.15 kg/s. Reynolds number, thermal resistance, convective heat transfer coefficients and Nusselt number were evaluated using test results. An equivalent diameter based on permeability and porosity was used to calculate the Reynolds number and Nusselt number as the characteristic length. When equivalent diameter is used as the characteristic length, Nusselt number agree well with the Dittus-Boelter correlation and Petukhov correlation. Convective heat transfer coefficient is defined with reference to the fin efficiency. And geometrical properties of the test samples was measured using optical method. This results can be used for the anode design of DCFC systems for thermal management.


The article describes the structure and content of training and methodological support of the interconnected training techniques of mathematics in extracurricular and educational activity of pupils of 7-9 classes of general secondary education institutions. The author identifies and analyzes these structural elements are interconnected methods of teaching mathematics in extracurricular and educational activities such as teaching goals, content, interactive forms and methods of teaching. When considering the content of teaching the author singles out a number of topics of the subject "Mathematics", used in the study of other subjects of natural-science cycle that actualizes the need propaedeutic examination or subsequent repetition of the data on extra-curricular classes in mathematics. Particular attention is given to forms and interactive teaching methods. The article describes the features of the use of the developed training and methodological support of the proposed methodology (IOR "Maths in extracurricular activities 7-9.", "Collection of non-standard tasks and exercises for extracurricular activities in mathematics in grades 5-7", "Collection of non-standard tasks and exercises for extracurricular activities in mathematics in grades 8-9 ") that promotes the practical implementation of the developed method.


The viscoelastic properties of the young and mature rabbit lenses in situ are evaluated using wave-based optical coherence elastography (OCE). Surface waves in the crystalline lens are generated using acoustic radiation force (ARF) focused inside the eyeball. Surface-wave dispersion is measured with a phase-stabilised optical coherence tomography (OCT) system. The Young's modulus and shear viscosity coefficient are quantified based on a Scholte wave model. The results show that both elasticity and viscosity are significantly different between the young and mature lenses. The Young's modulus of the lenses increased with age from 7.74 ± 1.56 kPa (young) to 15.15 ± 4.52 kPa (mature), and the shear viscosity coefficient increased from 0.55 ± 0.04 Pa s (young) and 0.86 ± 0.13 Pa s (mature). It is shown that the combination of ARF excitation, OCE imaging, and dispersion analysis enables nondestructive quantification of lenticular viscoelasticity in situ and shows promise for in vivo applications.


Continuation methods are presented that are capable of treating frequency domain flutter equations, including multiple nonlinearities represented by describing functions. A small problem demonstrates how a series of continuation processes can find all limit-cycle oscillations within a specified region with a reasonable degree of confidence. Curves of the limit-cycle amplitude variation with velocity, indicating regions of stability and instability with colors, give a compact view of the nonlinear behavior throughout the flight regime. A continuation technique for reducing limit-cycle amplitudes by adjusting various system parameters is presented. These processes are economical enough to be a routine part of aircraft design and certification.


The usual histologic sequences which characterize progression of human athero-arteriosclerosis and favor occurrence of its principal complications are as follows: calcific medial degeneration, fibro-cellular intimal proliferation and intimal atheromatous accumulation with subsequent degenerative and reparative reactions.' Local, non-embolic, occlusive, arterial thrombosis seldom occurs in the absence of reparative reactions in which there is vascularized stromal organization of degenerated calcified fibro-atheromatous intimal matrices.2 These sequences begin in early childhood and progress at different rates in different parts of the arterial system with distributions and complications which vary from person to person. For several years we have tried to produce in animals an arterial disease having characteristics of human athero-arteriosclerosis. The closest approximation has resulted from permutations of moderate hypervitaminosis D and mild hyperlipemic hypercholesteremia in rabbits.3 The permutations led to occurrence of different patterns and distributions of calcific athero-arteriosclerosis, especially in peripheral muscular or musculo-elastic arteries at serum cholesterol levels in the adult human range. However, experimental control of occlusive fibrinous thrombosis and restriction of severe athero-arteriosclerosis to certain arterial systems while sparing others, in patterns such as those which occur in man, were not achieved.4 Because of our failure to reach these objectives, we decided that neurohumoral factors which influence the motor activity of arterial systems should be investigated. Among these factors, nicotine was selected for study because of its adrenergic action and because excessive cigarette smoking by people with severe peripheral atheroarteriosclerosis may contribute to progression of the disease or enhance the probability of major occlusive thrombosis." This paper is concerned, therefore, with a study in rabbits of the


The aim of the study was to evaluate the antioxidant activity of Chinese boxthorn fruit (goji) and bilberry digestion products. It has been shown that the simulated digestion in the stomach has no significant impact on the compounds of antioxidant nature. Bilberry fruit had a significantly higher antioxidant activity of the insoluble fraction of polyphenols when compared with goji fruit. Goji berries were characterized by a high migration rate of polyphenolic compounds through the dialysis membrane. The intestinal microflora had a significant influence on the release of antioxidant components from fruit.


. We study the properties of the distribution of the random variable ξ = 1 η 1 + 1 η 2 + ··· , where η k are independent random variables such that P { η k = α 1 } = p α 1 k ≥ 0, P { η k = α 2 } = p α 2 k ≥ 0, 0 < α 1 < α 2 , α 1 α 2 ≥ 12 , p α 1 k + p α 2 k = 1. It is proved that the distribution of ξ cannot be absolutely continuous. We find the criteria for the distribution of ξ to belong to one of the two types of singular distributions, Cantor and Salem types, depending on topological and metric properties of the topological support of the distribution.


During the past eight years, we have been studying a group of patients whose response to gold therapy had not been satisfactory from a clinical standpoint. These patients had received various amounts of gold sodium thiosulfate both by the intravenous and by the intramuscular route. In 1931 Monash and Traub 1 introduced a method of treatment for lupus erythematosus by means of intracutaneous injection of gold sodium thiosulfate and reported favorable response. The question then arose whether or not the presence of gold in lesions of lupus erythematosus under treatment with gold sodium thiosulfate had any effect in the healing of these lesions. In order to determine this point, it became desirable in this experiment to collect data with respect to the presence or absence of gold in normal skin, in active lesions and in healed lesions, as well as to study the relationship of the


Abstract This study was about the relation of 129 differently stressed male college students's on or off-line contact behavior to out-eating places. We researched the subjects's obesity degree such as body fat percentage, body mass index, stress condition, and contact behavior to out-eating places. Subjects's average age was 20, height 174.9cm. More stress they felt, heavier their body weight was and more obese. 37.1% of Strongly stressed group, 28.8% of medium and 25% of normal stressed group felt severe depression. As the result of pearson correlation, stress condition was positively related with body weight, obese degree, body mass index(BMI) and exercise time. Body weight was positively related with obeses degree, BMI, and the amount of smoking and drinks. Strongly stressed group used more internet to search the information about out-eating places, they had more experience to search the homepage of out-eating places than other groups significantly. Strongly stressed group cared more about the sanity of out-eating places where they ate. and they were interested in various experiences than other groups. Strongly stressed group felt the tasty was the most important satisfying factor significantly and visited the out-eating place that satisfied them again than other groups.Key Words : Stress, Body fat percentage, On or off-line contact, Out-eating places


The fundamental of electrophoretic deposition (EPD) technique concerns on the use of liquid base colloid to prepare suspension. The pitfall of water based colloid medium has been a tendency for hydrolysis process to occur. Nevertheless, alternating current electrophoretic deposition (AC-EPD) enables water base colloid to be used and at the mean time controls the hydrolysis effect. This study evaluates the effectiveness of deposition thin film Multi Wall Carbon Nanotubes-Polyaniline (MWCNTs-PANi) nanocomposite using AC-EPD. The results were compared with direct current electrophoretic deposition (DC-EPD). FESEM image of AC-EPD shows denser MWCNTs-PANi deposition on nickel substrate. MWCNTs-PANi molecular structures were observed by FTIR analysis. MWCNTs-PANi deposited by AC-EPD consequence to higher specific capacitance and energy density compared to DC-EPD. Specific capacitance of MWCNTs-PANi nanocomposite via AC-EPD and DC-EPD were 22.9 F g and 10.8 F g respectively. Meanwhile, the energy density of AC-EPD is 0.0023 Wh kg whereas the energy density of DC-EPD is 0.0011 Wh kg. This study points out that the AC-EPD has more advantages than DC-EPD technique.


This paper presents a new high-speed and credible protection technique for HVDC line. In the technique, wavelet-multiresolution signal decomposition technique is used to analyze the transient voltages generated by the faults. The technique can discriminate between faults inside the HVDC line and the outside ones reliably. Furthermore, an approach to distinguish lightning strokes from faults is also presented. Extensive simulations of CIGRE standard HVDC system and the actual CSG HVDC system prove the proposed techniques effective and reliable


Contrast measurement is one of the most important tasks in image quality assessment and image enhancement. However, a generic metric to evaluate contrast quality is difficult to design because different applications have different definitions of contrast. In this paper, a new perceptual-based contrast metric for natural images is proposed. Departing from traditional metrics, the proposed measure is based on both the luminance and chrominance information of images. The technical assessment of luminance contrast is mapped onto a perceptualbased measure via a human attention model. Local luminance contrast is also measured to overcome the limitations of the global measure. The CSIQ and the TID2008 databases are used for evaluating the performance of the proposed metric. It is shown that the proposed approach yields a significant improvement in comparison to the state-of-the-art.


Biaryls with excellent yields can be prepared by the Ullmann-type coupling of aryl halides in the presence of potassium carbonate (as a base) and dimethylformamide (as a solvent), at 140 °C, using a reusable Pd (2.5 wt%)/ZrO2 catalyst. The product yield of 4-iodoanisole coupling is strongly influenced by the catalyst preparation method, solvent, and base.


Specialized remote video systems have been successfully developed and deployed in a number of large radiological Underground Storage Tanks (USTs)that tolerate the hostile tank interior, while providing high resolution video to a remotely located operator. The deployment is through 100 mm (4 in) tank openings, while incorporating full video functions of the camera, lights, and zoom lens. The usage of remote video minimizes the potential for personnel exposure to radiological and hazardous conditions, and maximizes the quality of the visual data used to assess the interior conditions of both tank and contents. The robustness of this type of remote system has a direct effect on the potential for radiological exposure that personnel may encounter. The USTs typical of the Savannah River and Hanford Department Of Energy - (DOE) sites are typically 4.5 million liter (1.2 million gal) units under earth. or concrete overburden with limited openings to the surface. The interior is both highly contaminated and radioactive with a wide variety of nuclear processing waste material. Some of the tanks are -flammable rated -to Class 1, Division 1,and personnel presence at or near the openings should be minimized. The interior of these USTs must be assessed periodically as part of the ongoing management of the tanks and as a step towards tank remediation. The systems are unique in their deployment technology, which virtually eliminates the potential for entrapment in a tank, and their ability to withstand flammable environments. A multiplicity of components used within a common packaging allow for cost effective and appropriate levels of technology, with radiation hardened components on some units and lesser requirements on other units. All units are completely self contained for video, zoom lens, lighting, deployment,as well as being self purging, and modular in construction.


Zheng Zhen's poems in poetry inherited the issue has been controversial.By carefully reading the Zheng Zhen's poetry and combined with other researchers,Zheng Zhen's poems inheritance can be seem to be "poetic saint"——Du Fu.This mainly reflected: in the content of poetry,Zheng Zhen's poems has inherited the "history of using poetry to reflect",the spirit of poetry in the form of record of the historical reality,it has a certain value of history;in the form,Zheng Zhen's poetry inherited to determine the content of poetry according to the subject methods,the perfect poetry rhyme skills,the techniques of poetry into the discussion,shaping the skills of typical characters,"caught the details of the scene," the description of skills,to life in reference to the poetry of oral skills,strict metrical requirements and the use of "story" and so on.


In order to reduce the effort of road managers, the advanced RVIS which is the edge-computing environment in each road patrol vehicle is proposed. The advanced RVIS is composed of two sub-systems. The first one is the image and visibility extraction sub-system which is to storage driving video images took by the onboard video camera and to compute the visibility based on a stored image. The second one is the data transmitting sub-system which is to transmit recorded video images and visibility values to the road management office in real-time. This system is operated on the onboard microcomputer as realizing the edge-computing system. It was actually applied to a road visibility inspection for evaluating visibility conditions on the national route 272 which is located on the east side of Hokkaido, Japan through the 2019-2020 winter season. The system successfully operated, and it is possible to use for future study to improve the advanced RVIS.


This study aims to examine the potential of the Islamic press in Indonesia in the modern era. The occurrence of media competition has caused the Islamic press in Indonesia to experience something that is dilemmatic. Starting from group interference which gave birth to the growth of the liberal Islamic press. Until the lack of Islamic mass media that carries the themes of tolerance and civilization in Islamic studies. The research method uses a library approach using techniques to analyze the contents of Islamic media. The validity of the data uses perseverance techniques and the rigorous preparation of relevant Islamic media news
content. The results of the study found that da'wah media were able to reach all aspects, both children, adolescents, and parents. There is the power of the Islamic press which is under the unity of Muslims so that the Islamic press still exists in the modern era. The recent decline in the Islamic press is due to the inconsistency of the Islamic press in carrying out relevant themes for Islamic preaching positively. So that the Islamic press seems more trapped against market needs and tends to be more liberal. Even though the Islamic press should have its activeness in
consuming media that has Islamic nuances, besides that innovation is also needed to develop the Islamic press with various methods, especially those relating to Islamic principles and values that promote tolerance and peace.

Keywords: Existence, Islamic Press, Modern


Introducing voids into AlN layer at a certain height using a simple method is meaningful but challenging. In this work, the AlN/sapphire template with AlN interlayer structure was designed and grown by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition. Then, the AlN template was annealed at 1700 °C for an hour to introduce the voids. It was found that voids were formed in the AlN layer after high-temperature annealing and they were mainly distributed around the AlN interlayer. Meanwhile, the dislocation density of the AlN template decreased from 5.26 × 109 cm−2 to 5.10 × 108 cm−2. This work provides a possible method to introduce voids into AlN layer at a designated height, which will benefit the design of AlN-based devices.


Slum areas can generate bad impacts on health and the environment. Thus, the government of Surabaya city arranges TAHU PANAS innovation through a social rehabilitation programs for unfit for habitation to overcome. The program has achieved good output. This is evidenced by an increase in program beneficiaries every year, a decrease in the percentage of slum areas, and an award from the Ministry of PANRB as an outstanding innovation. This research aimed to determine and describe the success of the implementation process of this program in overcoming slum settlements in Surabaya city. The success of this implementation can be understood by the theory of policy implementation by Hill & Hupe as an analysis tool. We used qualitative methods through document analysis to discuss these issues. The results showed that the implementation process seen from the characteristics of the policy was optimal because the level of ambiguity and conflict was low; policy formation is adequate in terms of policy objectives, policy standards or targets, human and financial resources as well as incentive policies; the policy transfer process is quite clear and detailed; the effect of the implementor response is quite optimal both in terms of disposition and behavior; horizontal relations between organizations are adequate; positive target group response; and the policy environment that has supported the running of the policy. The implementation process in this program to tackle slum settlements in the city of Surabaya is optimal enough, thus, successful implementation can be


Analyzing the finger conical second enveloping ring-surface worm transmission by the fitting theory, the general mathematical model is put forward Modifing (a a angle add (I formation can eliminate oringinal arranging dense contact wire gear surface. An excellent contact area can be obtained after adopting mixture displacement by changing transimmisive ratio in a full range.


Introduction Climate is one of the important factors in human life. Now, The human for development of farming, urban and industrial central, increasing of nutrition resource and increasing of information about different climatic regional. Geographer and climatologist determining regional of climatic equal. The study about climate classification shown that climate classification have many method such as experimental, desciptional and classification quantity methods. But now, the application of statistical methods that really puts a lot of climatic factors, which are widely accepted. Khorasan province with an area of approximately 129 000 square kilometers, and it is the fourth of vast provinc of Iran that is have diverse topography and therefore the climate is diverse. Since, about of climatic classification on Khorasan by using multivariate statistical study has been done, therefore in this study has identified areas and also climatically isoelectric significant elements that have shaped the face of climate, are identified.


Objective To explore the value of diffusion weighted imaging(DWI)in the differential diagnosis between viral encephalitis and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis(ADEM).Methods Ten patients with viral encephalitis and another 10 patients with ADEM underwent conventional MRI and DWI before treatments.The apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC) values and relative apparent diffusion coefficient(rADC)values of the two groups were calculated and statistically analyzed with software SPSS10.0.Results The mean ADC value and rADC value were(0.95±0.28)×10~(-3)mm~2/s and(1.07±0.31)in the viral encephalitis,respectively,but(1.38±0.25)×10~(-3)mm~2/s and(1.80±0.34)in the ADEM,respectively (P0.01).The ADC value and rADC value of the viral encephalitis were lower than those of ADEM.Conclusion DWI may play an important role in the differential diagnosis between viral encephalitis and ADEM.


The majority of the disturbances in power systems are unbalanced in nature whereas most of the existing load modeling methods are applicable for balanced disturbances. This letter presents a measurement-based methodology for modeling the loads under unbalanced disturbances.


The concept of source currents of a radiating source can be employed to express its directivity in some particular cases analytically. For an antenna array, this concept can be extended to the concept of a generalized directivity based on self- and mutual radiation intensities, self- and mutual radiated powers and excitation currents of array elements. These concepts were applied to example of the array of two isotropic radiators above perfect electric conductor (PEC) ground, where the PEC ground is simulated by mirror image of the original image of isotropic radiators.


A nonaqueous chemical etch, with Br as the active ingredient, is described which removes the insulating hydroxides and carbonates that form on high‐temperature superconductor surfaces as a result of atmospheric exposure. X‐ray photoemission spectra have been recorded before and after etching YBa2Cu3O7−x films. It is found that, after the etch, the high binding energy O 1s and Ba 3d peaks associated with surface contaminants are greatly reduced, the Y:Ba:Cu ratio is close to the expected 1:2:3, and the oxidation state of the Cu(2+) is not affected. The resistance of an etched film reaches zero at 78 K, compared to 81 K for a similar unetched film. The suitability of other nonaqueous halogen‐based etches is discussed, as is the applicability of this etch to other high Tc superconductors.


Extinction spectra and near-field enhancement of metallic nanoparticles are calculated with a boundary integral equation (BIE) method. With the BIE method the far-field response and the near-field evanescent coupling are expressed as an eigenmode sum of resonant terms. In particular, the near-field enhancement around nanoparticles is obtained as a sum of resonant terms which acquire the spatial dependence of the eigenfunctions of the BIE operators. Moreover, the presented method permits a direct link between near-field and far field spectral properties. Finally, a numerical example is given.


The characteristics of low-velocity slug-pneumatic are analyzed. Combining with the prediction of total pressure and converying velocity's bound. A simple, reliable and scale-up method used in design low-velocity, slug-flow pneumatic conveying is put forward. Low-velocity slug-pneumatic system design module combining with characteristics of the scale-up design method and high-speed calculation of computer is developed and implemented. The efficiency of the system planning is higher with the module.


The settlements in Land Reform in Brazil have been designed as possibilities to root a clientele excluded from more general processes of economic development, and also as stimulation mechanisms for rural areas anchored in the notions of sustainable development and with strong appeal to the notion of quality of life. In this way, the objective of this research was to investigate the perception of farmers' families from the settlement Mulunguzinho in Mossoro (RN), semiarid region in Brazil, about quality of life. The research took as a reference the trajectory of two settled families, to seek disclosing, through their stories, the elements designated as quality of life. Furthermore, using picture cameras, the own interviewees recorded such aspects. We identified that rural space is conceived by farmers as a place of quality of life by nature, for all resources (food, water) it can offer. The access to housing appears as a prevailing expression for quality of life in settlements.


We investigate spatial diversity schemes for robust VLC to accommodate fast-moving terminals. Results show that the proposed MISO-VLC system exhibits superior robustness to the receiver's mobility and achieves 4-Gb/s transmissions at 1-m/s terminal moving speed.


The aim of this paper is to introduce and study a new concept of the χ2 space via ideal convergence of difference defined by modulus. Some topological properties of the resulting sequence spaces are also examined. Mathematics Subject Classification: 40A05, 40A99


According to the cracks encountered in plastering from construction operation,material quality,mix proportion,base treatment, maintenance and other aspects its causing reasons are analyzed; at same time effective measures are proposed correspondingly to prevent this kind of cracks.


In her review of the adaptive value of large seed size for tropical trees of moist forests, Foster (1986) listed several potential advantages of large seeds. One advantage to having large seed reserves may be to enhance seedling tolerance to herbivory and to damage by providing energy and material for tissue replacement (Foster 1986). Phylogenetically independent contrasts of a range of Australian species have shown that large-seeded species generally tolerate defoliation better than smaller-seeded species (Armstrong & Westoby 1993). However, such comparative experiments are lacking for tropical woody species. The capacity to tolerate herbivory and physical damage may be especially important in tropical forests. Denslow (1980) found severe homopteran damage to the apical meristems of 66% of the seedlings of a bombacaceous tree species of the rainforest in Antioquia, Colombia. Clark & Clark (1985, 1989, 1991) have shown that severe damage from falling debris and herbivores is widespread and common among seedlings in lowland rainforest of Costa Rica. For example, 82% of model seedlings were 'knocked over, flattened, or uprooted' in a 1-y experiment (Clark & Clark 1989). Furthermore, very young seedlings are likely to be especially vulnerable, since many herbivorous insects prefer newly expanded leaves (Coley 1983). In this study we asked: Are large-seeded woody species of moist tropical forests better able to tolerate severe seedling damage than smaller-seeded woody species? We evaluated this question by determining the resprouting


The priority of current era in noise cancellation field aims at blocking the low frequency noise since most real life noises operate below 1 KHz. The noise which creates obstruction in everyday communication needs to be dealt in an effective way. Acoustic Noise Cancellation (ANC) is hence regarded as most sought after solution. ANC has created its own niche in this field where a wide range of industrial and commercial products rely unanimously for rescue. While the traditional solutions like enclosures, barriers, etc. had shortcomings like large, costly, and ineffective at low frequency, the modern approaches envisaged noise being readily cancelled by continuous adaptation of adaptive filter. This change in stance accredits its success to the advent of suitable adaptive algorithms in ANC which blocks selectively with potential benefits in size, weight, volume, and cost. In this paper we look forward to provide an improved approach for ANC. After an initial analysis of existing Filtered x algorithms the mathematics of new proposed algorithm has been provided. The proposed algorithm is then applied to noise cancellation along with the existing FxLMS, FB-FxLMS algorithms and results of each process were produced to make a suitable comparison between the existing and proposed one.


Two NHC–Pd(ii) complexes immobilized on porous organic polymers were successfully prepared via Scholl reactions and metallization. These complexes were applied in Suzuki–Miyaura reaction as heterogeneous catalysts with excellent yield and TON.


Drastic efforts have been realized these last years in order to develop complementary organic technology. This is the essential key to produce elementary low-cost circuits for digital and analog applications. Different techniques [1–3] are available nowadays to obtain both N- and/or P-type organic devices. Screen printing is one of the most highly awaited low-cost techniques that can be used to produce organic devices and circuits. It has been widely used in P-type organic technologies [4, 5]. Now that N-type semiconductors have become much more easily processed, developers are seeking a complete CMOS and lifetime robust technology. Many previous works have reported on a complete solution based on CMOS technology [6–8]. Large-area-compatible organic processes have also been demonstrated [9]. Nevertheless some of the technological steps in these latter reports are not fully printed and/or still present some lithography/vacuum deposition steps. We present here a complete fully printed CMOS technology on flexible substrates showing acceptable device performances and digital/analog circuit functionalities, which can lead to more complex designs.


The current control loop directly affects the current of the surface permanent magnet synchronous motor(SPMSM) and the electromagnetic torque,which makes the static and dynamic performance of the motor deteriorate.The decoupling control cannot be realized with the changes of the motor's inductance parameters due to saturation effects when the operating condition changes.This paper proposed a decoupling control to improve the dynamic performance,without the inductance value with the perspective of complex vector.As the dead zone,the motor manufacturing process and the magnetic saturation,the servo system current often contains low-order harmonics,such as 5th,7th,11th,13th,which produce torque ripple and affect the motor's performance.The current regulation with the proportional Integral and proportional resonance based on the synchronous rotating dq coordinate was used for the closed loop control of the low harmonic currents,to improve the system performance.Simulation and experimental results verify the feasibility of the schemes proposed by this paper.


East Turkestan is a piece of land located within the borders of the Great Turkestan. The expression of Great Turkestan means the unity of West and East Turkestan. More than 100 million Turks live in Greater Turkestan. This region is also confronted as a center of culture and civilization, as well as being the motherland of the Turkish nation. It is seen that the name of East Turkistan started to be used from the beginning of the 19th century. In this period, the western part of Great Turkistan occupied Russia and the eastern part of China. East Turkestan, however, has always continued to attract the attention of Russia. At the same time, developments in East Turkestan played an important role in Turkish-Soviet relations. Although the  Doç. Dr., Erciyes Üniversitesi, Edebiyat Fakültesi, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Tarihi Anabilim Dalı, e-posta: email@example.com Orcid: 0000-0002-4707-9778 ** Uzman, Erciyes Üniversitesi, Edebiyat Fakültesi, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Tarihi Anabilim Dalı Doktora Öğrencisi, eposta: email@example.com Orcİd: 0000-0002-5841-800X


There are several subepidermal bullous diseases. In some, the clinicopathological features are distinctive, whereas in others there is a variable degree of overlap that necessitates the use of ultrastructural and biochemical studies to distinguish the different diseases. In this paper, we review the literature and describe our experience using simplified immunological techniques in the diagnosis of subepidermal bullous diseases.


Carpal Tunnel Syndrome is the most common entrapment neuropathy in the upper extremity. The median nerve is compressed within its course through the carpal Tunnel just distal to the wrist crease. Usually Occur in middle aged patients Ratio of female to male = 4 : 1. It is bilateral in over 50 % of cases, but is usually worse in the dominant hand. The anatomy of carpal tunnel present a unique model for the entrapment neuropathy, because of crowded arrangement of structures passes through the tunnel, any tenosynovial proliferation , wrist joint abnormality , tumor or muscular anomaly can lead to the syndrome . Early diagnosis and treatment are important and result in complete cure , delay can result in irreversible median nerve damage. Usually the carpal tunnel is considered an inflammatory disorder caused by repetitive stress , physical injury , or other condition that cause the tissues around the median nerve to become swollen .


This article studies sorption regularities and evaluates thermal stability and resistance to microbial degradation of humic acid during three sorption cycles on bentonite clay, kaolinite, and muscovite using TGA/DSC, XRD, hydrophobic chromatography, light and electron microscopy, etc. The experiment revealed that kaolinite sorbed more humic acids (HAs) in terms of unit surface area (1.03 × 10−3 C, g/m2) compared to bentonite (0.35 × 10−3 C, g/m 10−3 g/m2). Sorption at pH 4.5 showed HA fractionation in amphiphilicity and chemical composition. HA was sorbed on the surface of all sorbents, mainly via hydrophobic components. No intercalation of HA into the interlayer spaces of montmorillonite was observed during sorption. Sorption via hydrophilic interactions was mostly performed on muscovite and bentonite rather than on kaolinite. Sorption of HA resulted in changes in its chemical composition and decreased C/N compared to free HA, which demonstrated selective sorption of nitrogen-containing compounds more typical of muscovite. All minerals adsorbed only a relatively thermolabile HA fraction, while its thermal stability increased compared to that before the experiment. The thermal stability and ratio of the Exo2/Exo1 peak areas on the DSC curves of sorbed HA increased with each subsequent sorption cycle. We revealed the following relationship between thermal stability and resistance to microbial oxidation of the sorbed HA: The higher the thermal stability, the less available the sorbed HA becomes for utilization by microorganisms.


The paper deals with the study of labor market dynamics, and aims to characterize its equilibriums and possible trajectories. The theoretical background is the theory of the segmented labor market. The main idea is that this theory is well adapted to interpret the observed trajectories, due to the heterogeneity of the work situations.


I consider the problem of why inefficient tariff is used. The incumbent politician can use lump-sum transfer and tariff. After the decision, the incumbent goes to the re-election. Thus the incumbent has to take the reelection into his consideration when he makes trade policy decision. The originality of this paper is the use of voter abstention. The abstention and voter heterogenity would give opportunity to the incumbent to minimize the political opposition to him at re-election. For the minimization, the incumbent would choose tariff.


The present study was undertaken from December 2012 to September 2014 to explore the grass species of Bababudangiri and Kemmannugundi high land montane hills of Karnataka. Result showed 73 grass species belonging to 43 genera were distributed in the area. Due to habitat loss, fragmentation, frequent fires, and invasive species and also by tourism, these grasslands are experiencing threatened conditions. KEYWORD: Montane, Grasses, Poaceae, Shola.


A new adaptive compensator was proposed to be applied for compensating the nonlinear distortion of memoryless nonlinear systems with saturation characteristics. The proposed adaptive compensator can have faster convergence speed and better capability of compensating the nonlinear distortion than the conventional Volterra compensator, with nearly equal complexity of computation.


Nickel flower-like nanostructures composed of intercrossed nanoplates have been fabricated through a one-pot polyol reduction process without any surfactant or external magnetic field, where free Ni2+ ions slowly released from a solid intermediate phase are reduced by 1,2-propanediol under basic conditions. The morphology and size of the products can be kinetically tailored by properly tuning the synthetic parameters, including the concentrations of NiCl2 and NaOH. A small amount of water in the 1,2-propanediol solution is inevitable for the growth of such flowery nanostructures. A stepwise growth mechanism is rationally proposed including the initial formation of nanospheres aggregated from nuclei and the subsequent site-specific oriented growth of nanoplates with basal planes of {111} facets at the quasi-equilibrium growth state. Such a flower-like nickel nanostructure shows a great enhancement of the ferromagnetic properties ascribed to the highly anisotropic shape of plate-like subunits. This work provides a facile strategy to fabricate stable nickel 3D nanostructures composed of nanoplates without losing their intrinsic 2D characteristics.


Regular measurement of the Halothane-concentration delivered by the output of the vaporizer is necessary to avoid a clinically dangerous situation due to Halothane-overdosage.


In this paper, we study the electromagnetic scattering of a conducting and permeable sphere buried in sea sediments. Instead of taking a uniform conducting medium in the previous work, we model marine environments as a layered medium that consists of the air, the sea, and the sediment. We adopt an integral equation technique to compute time-harmonic solutions for background and scattered fields under fundamental source excitations, i.e., vertical and horizontal magnetic dipoles. The corresponding transient scattering responses to causal step waveform are computed through the digital sine transform. The derived fundamental solutions provide convenient formulas tailored for three-layer medium modeling. The numerical experiments demonstrate that the scattered responses computed in the different backgrounds are approaching almost to the same decays at late times. However, the background fields can significantly mask the scattered responses. Subtracting assumed uniform background responses from "measured" total fields in the three-layered medium cannot provide a correct scattering response in the interested time range, i.e., 0.1-25 ms. To remove the background fields, we propose a conceptual gradiometer system that has receiver cubes installed radially symmetric with respect to a transmitting antenna. The results demonstrate that the suitable differential combinations are able to yield the scattering responses that well agree with those of a free space as the layered background fields in these combined receivers are equal and their influence are automatically canceled out.


The utility model discloses a bioecological combined unit for purifying and recycling sewage, which comprises a grate/ regulating tank, an integral membrane bioreactor, a water storing tank and four composite vertical flow artificial swamp units, wherein, a sewage inlet pipe is connected with an inlet of the upper wall of one side of the grate/ regulating tank; the outlet of a sewage pump positioned on the bottom of the grate/ regulating tank is connected with a water inlet pipe of the integral membrane bioreactor; a water collecting pipe of a membrane module in the integral membrane bioreactor is connected with the inlet of the water storing tank; the outlet of the water storing tank is connected with a composite vertical flow artificial swamp water inlet and distributing pipe; a composite vertical flow artificial swamp water outlet and collecting pipe is connected with a recycling pipeline; and bypass pipelines are arranged at the outlets of the integral membrane bioreactor, the water storing tank and each artificial swamp unit. The integral membrane bioreactor aiming at different sewage qualities and flow capacities is formed through regulating valves, and the series connection, shunt and parallel connection combined mode of the composite artificial swamp is realized, and the direct recycle of sewage after purification and treatment is realized.


Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of acarbose treatment in combination with other anti-diabetic drugs in Chinese type 2 diabetic patients under day-to-day practice conditions. Methods 493 patients were enrolled by 17 centers throughout China into an open,self-controlled,non-randomized,multi-center study. Main efficacious parameters were the changes in fasting blood glucose (FBG) and postprandial blood glucose (PBG) concentrations as well as in HbA1c levels after acarbose treatment. All patients had been previously treated with other oral anti-diabetic medication without achieving the glycemic target and received concomitant anti-diabetics during the observation period of 12 weeks. Results After 12 weeks of treatment, FBG and PBG after three meal, as well as HbA1c of all patients decreased 1.3 mmol/L,3.3 mmol/L,3.2 mmol/L,3.44 mmol/L,0.90% respectively(P<0.001). The levels of FBG in the three sub-groups:acarbose combined with non-insulin secretagogues, acarbose combined with sulphonylurea or acarbose combined with glinide decreased 1.24 mmol/L, 1.30 mmol/L and 1.13 mmol/L respectively; PBG after breakfast decreased 3.36 mmol/L, 3.35 mmol/L and 2.25 mmol/L; PBG after lunch decreased 3.57 mmol/L,3.61 mmol/L and 3.15 mmol/L; PBG after dinner decreased 3.65 mmol/L,3.48 mmol/L and 3.09 mmol/L; HbAlc decreased 0.99% ,1.06% and 1.01% ,respectively in these three groups. No serious adverse effects such as serious hypoglycemia, hepatic dysfunction were observed except 3.6% patients complained abdominal distension,but all were tolerant. Conclusion Acarbose is efficacious, safe and well tolerant for Chinese type 2 diabetic patients under combination with other anti-diabetic drugs.

Key words:
Type 2 diabetes mellitus; Acarbose; Glycemic control; Combined medication


The partial pressure of oxygen in the alveolar gas may be reduced either by decreasing the total pressure of the environment or by replacing the oxygen normally present in the inspired air by an inert gas. The severe anoxia induced by rapid decompression from 565 to 155 mm Hg absolute, whilst breathing air, may be terminated by the delivery of 100% oxygen to the respiratory tract. The effects of such brief profound anoxia upon the alveolar and arterial gas tensions and upon the central nervous system have been studied extensively (Ernsting & McHardy, 1963; Ernsting, Gedye & McHardy, 1960; Ernsting, 1962). The effect of the resultant severe but short-lived arterial hypoxaemia upon the supply of oxygen to various organs of the body is of considerable interest. The oxygen content of the venous blood flowing from a region reflects the balance between the supply of oxygen to it and its metabolic oxygen consumption. Continuous measurements of the oxygen content of the venous blood flowing from several regions have been made in subjects exposed to brief but profound hypoxia. In the experiments described in this paper a short period of overventilation, nitrogen being used as the inspired gas, was employed in place of rapid decompression to induce hypoxia. This method allowed more extensive observations to be made than were considered practical in a decompression chamber.


Nowadys, there are a wide variety of tourism resources on the Internet and tourism management administrations need to monitor these resources. At the same time, visitors also need to retrieve their own personalized and interested information, and it will take a lot of time and effort. In this thesis, the Internet tourism resource monitoring system has been researched and implemented. The main work is as follows: Propose a modified aRocchio algorithm to compute personal characteristics matrix and compare it with original Rocchio algorithm. We propose mixed feature matching algorithm and devise a modified I-PageRank algorithm to sort the results. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithms can greatly improve the performance of system's retrieve results.


Eye movements are integrated with cognitive processes, which indeed make it a helpful research basis for the investigation of human practices. Eye movements can be deployed in discovering several cognitive processes of the brain. This research utilizes low-resolution webcam to develop an eye tracker and saccades measurement tool to extensively lower the gadgets expenses. A consistent algorithm is developed to suit the quality of the webcam using open-source software (Python) to record the time series of the eye location. Likewise, several algorithms are proposed to extract high-level eye movement saccadic measurements from the raw gaze outputs. A pilot study is performed on ten normal participants and Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed system is quick, simple and efficient for eye tracking and saccade measurement. The developed tool can be used by clinicians and medical physicians for the diagnosis and identification of neurological disorders


We present a generic, agent-based simulation environment for dynamic pricing in next-generation wireless networks. While a lot of effort has been put into simulation platforms for recreating the behaviour of IP-based traffic in fixed and wireless networks, no standard platform for simulating different pricing schemes in such networks has yet emerged. Our work is driven by the vision of a ubiquitous wireless network environment, in which users can dynamically request network resources for various uses from different, potentially competing network providers. For such a scenario, new pricing approaches are needed to charge the user according to dynamic factors such as current congestion levels or the the number of customers present at a specific location. The developed simulation environment serves as a generic tool for implementing and testing different pricing approaches


In this paper, we consider the coordination control of a group of heterogeneous autonomous agents with two kinds of agents: leaders (informed agents) and followers. The stability of whole agent group guided by these leaders to a desired convex region is mainly investigated though the interconnection topology keeps switching. Sufficient conditions on the multi-agent coordination are proposed with help of graph theory and non-smooth analysis. With first-order individual dynamics model using the neighborhood rule, the group of the agents will flock to the target set or reach a state agreement.


The analysis of bride-wealth among the Wahehe by Dr. Gordon Brown is of particular interest to us, as we are studying the life of a tribe akin to them, namely the Wabena of the Ulanga Valley, Tanganyika Territory. A survey of some aspects of the custom amongst the latter people will not, perhaps, be out of place, especially as their social organization displays some interesting features indicative of compromise and adjustment between mother-right and father-right. Their past and present practice may contribute somewhat to the study of the subject of bride-wealth in general.


Medication errors happen frequently in hospital, home, and pharmacy environments. A medication verification and dispensing system provides protection against such errors. The apparatus includes a guide tube that receives a medication and imaging device(s) adjacent to the guide tube that take image(s) of the medication. The imaging devices(s) and light source(s) are oriented for capturing images that reveal markings, color, size, shape, etc., of the medication. A verification system uses a signature of the image to identify the medication or compares the image(s) to reference images to identify the medication and to a prescription record of the patient to ensure it is a correct medication, dose, amount, timing, etc., for administration. If the medication is correct, it is dispensed into a dispensing vessel that locks the medication inside, but unlocks when it recognizes a unique patient identifier worn by a patient that is a correct recipient for the medication.


The veteran hangman was surprisingly chipper after the deed was done telling the prison governor that in his expert opinion everything 'went all right'.


Various measures were adopted by combined post-evaluation, and the designed data and operational data in completed wind farm were analyzed. Some experience and foundations were appraised in how to select representativeness anemometer tower, the superior wake model, and the approximate actual reduction coefficient. The errors were avoided in designed wind farm to improve the efficiency of wind farm.


Sarcoidosis is an inflammatory multisystem disorder of unknown cause and neurosarcoidosis is a form of sarcoidosis that affects the nervous system, seen in approximately 5-7% of patients with systemic sarcoidosis. This report describes a case of neurosarcoidosis in a 69-year-old woman who suffered from vertigo and bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. Routine chest X-ray showed a pulmonary hilar lesion in the left lung. A chest CT for close inspection revealed left hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy, leading to broncho-alveolar-lavage (BAL) with a biopsy. Although the biopsy was negative, the BAL studies were strongly positive for lymphocytosis and a high CD4/CD8 ratio. In addition, the ACE level was high in the serum test. The patient was therefore given a possible diagnosis of neurosarcoidosis. High dose intravenous methylprednisolone pulse therapy was administrated for three courses and then tapered to the maintenance dosage. Vertigo and bilateral hearing loss were dramatically improved after the pulse therapy, but left high frequency hearing loss did not change. In this case, an inner ear disorder was suspected for the source of these symptoms with neuro-otological examinations and brain MRI finding which showed no abnormal lesion. Neurosarcoidosis must be considered when evaluating patients with atypical hearing loss and vestibulopathy.


The present thesis investigates non-linear interaction of storm surges, tides and wind waves and associated coastal inundation along the west coast of India. Storm surge is one of the most devastating components of a tropical cyclone, especially on the densely populated low-lying coast of India. The impact of tides and wind waves modifies the surges and the resultant water level is named as total water elevation (TWE). A state-of-art model, ADCIRC in a standalone mode and ADCIRC+SWAN in a coupled mode are used for the study. The role and dependence of continental shelf width and coastline geometry on the non-linear interaction mechanism among storm surges, tides, and wind-waves are analyzed. In this study, 13 idealized cyclone tracks are considered, separated by about 100 km each, which made landfall perpendicular to the coast. Simulations are performed for all these tracks by using idealized, as well as actual bathymetry of the west coast of India. The analysis shows that the surge gets amplified by about 10-12 cm for every 10 km increase in the shelf width from south to north. During different phases of the tide, surge-wave interaction modifies the water elevation and its occurrence as the tidal range significantly increases towards the north. The maximum interaction of tides on surge-wave is observed at a low-tide, whilst it is minimal during a flood-tide. Non-linearity is computed for each track and tidal phase to estimate the modification in TWE during surge-tide-wave interaction. In general, the nonlinear interaction is found to be 15-20% for any cyclone track or tidal phase. The study also highlights the effect of wind-wave on the total water elevation, which is incremental up to the shelf width of 100-120 km, beyond that the effect becomes marginal. Experiments related to the effect of local coastline shape and shallow bathymetry suggest that the coastal curvature and very shallow depths less than 5 m significantly contribute towards surge, tide and wave interaction.


The relationship between values and aggression and the moderating roles of gender and private self- consciousness (PSC) on these relations were examined. Participants were 642 Arabic and Jewish adolescents in Israel (M age = 13.79, SD = .51; 53.9 percent females). Values and PSC were measured by self-reports and aggression was measured by peer nominations. Aggression was positively correlated with self-enhancement and openness to change values, and negatively correlated with self-transcendence and conservation values. The results also suggested that PSC and gender play an important role in moderating these relations. The study's contributions to value theory and its practical implications are discussed.


Conventional memory T cells classically include central memory T (TCM) cells, residing in lymphoid organs, and effector memory T (TEM) cells, circulating through various tissues. Recently, a novel population of memory T cells has gained interest, namely tissue resident memory T (TRM) cells, which persist in tissues and do not recirculate. It is described that these cells reside in human tumors playing a role in tumor-specific T-cell responses. We found by flow cytometry that between 50%–80% of the CD8+ T cells in human ovarian carcinomas are CD103+CD69+TRM cells. RNA-seq of TRM and their re-circulating counterparts from 7 different human carcinomas showed a very distinctive phenotype, characterized by co-upregulation of effector (GZMB, IFNG) and exhaustion (PD-1, TIM3) markers, along with transcription factors and signaling molecules likely involved in the acquisition of the TRM phenotype. Unexpectedly, we found very little overlap between the TCR repertoire of both populations in multiple tumors, and TRM T cells consistently showed significantly higher clonality. Tumor antigen-specific TRM T cells intratumorally transferred into syngeneic mice were more effective at delaying tumor growth compared with their tumor antigen-specific recirculating counterparts. Finally, both the acquisition and the maintenance of a TRM phenotype within the CD8 T cell compartment at tumor beds are dependent on exposure to tumor cognate antigen. Together, our data indicate that TRM CD8+ T cells, but not their CD103− counterparts, represent tumor antigen-specific effector lymphocytes actively exerting anti-tumor immune pressure in the ovarian cancer microenvironment.


This article is part of the interdisciplinary research trend concerning fashion discourse in Poland. It draws attention to the complexity of fashion issues understood as the field of art and philosophy, on the one hand, and as an element of social communication on the other. The BlackBalloon agency was used to describe and discuss contemporary trends that stand out and communication practices undertaken by selected fashion brands with consumers. Redefining the concept of luxury, glorifying the past (vintage trend), personalizing products, or a storytelling strategy are applied by the agency to build both the image and identity of given fashion brands.


The study and application progress of hydrophobic catalysts in domestic and overseas are briefly summerized. The preparation methods of hydrophobic catalysts and the catalytic exchange properties are mainly introduced, including kinetics study, deactivation and regeneration, and irradiation stability. Furthermore, the development of hydrophobic catalysts is commented and prospected. 


A 48-year-old Caucasian woman presented with a 12-month history of vulval itch and soreness. Biopsies confirmed extramammary Paget's disease (EMPD). A thorough evaluation showed no evidence of any underlying malignancy. In view of the relatively young age of the patient, it was hoped that sexual function could be preserved. The sub-dermal extension of the lesion was determined by vulval mapping (Figure 1). Skinning vulvectomy and reconstruction with split skin graft was undertaken, with preservation of the clitoris and the involved skin over the clitoral hood. The medial margins


Abstract A method of fracture toughness testing is proposed in which cylindrical surface-notched specimens are tested in torsion. Analyses are presented which show that the values of K1 which are induced are not sensitive to the precise shape of the notch. Also, the existence in the torsion specimen of a non-constant remote stress, and a curved specimen surface, are shown by finite element modelling to have only a small effect on the K1 values. These findings are used to justify the use of simple models to analyse results from the proposed test.


(Wien med. Woch. No. 41, 1931) indicates the great importance of psychiatry in general medical practice and therefore the need for all doctors, regardless of their specialty, to have a good knowledge of psychopathology.


Drygalski Ice Tongue is the floating seaward extension of David Glacier, a large outlet glacier draining from Talos and Circe Domes of the East Antarctic ice sheet. Several explorers mapped and described Drygalski Ice Tongue in the early years of the 20th century and, although this information does not allow detailed interpretation of ice-tongue behaviour, it is clear that from 1900–12 it was a significant feature extending 65—75 km from the coast. More detailed information has been compiled from aerial photographs and satellite images. In December 1956, the ice tongue was about 110 km long. By December 1957, a major calving event had occurred and the outer 40 km of the ice tongue had broken away. This is the only major 20th century calving event identified, and it may have occurred during a violent storm that affected the Ross Sea area in mid-June 1957. By 1960, further minor ice loss had occurred but, since that time, Drygalski Ice Tongue has maintained the same shape. In January 1993, the ice tongue was 95.8 km long and at its terminus was flowing at 880 900 m a-1. Drygalski Ice Tongue is an important regulator of the size of the Terra Nova Bay polynya. The average size of the Polynya has varied from nearly 2000 km2, in 1956, to 650 km2 in 1957. This has a. significant impact on sea-ice production in the Ross Sea. In 1956, about 115 km3,) of sea ice would have been produced, sufficient to cover 30%of the Ross Sea area with a 1 m thickness of sea ice.


Erythrin, isolated in 7.3% yield from the lichen Roccella montagnei, was converted via a Smiles rearrangement to a series of diphenyl ethers. Those with a free carboxylic acid at C-1 underwent a novel decarboxylative oxidative cyclisation in the presence of Pd(OAc)2 to produce 5-decarboxydibenzofurans. All compounds were assayed for their antioxidant and β-glucuronidase enzyme inhibitory activity.


Ophioglossum costatum (Ophioglossaceae) was collected for the first time from Telangana region and reported it as an addition to the fern flora of Andhra Pradesh, India. Ophioglossum costatum is a widespread pantropical species though not collected often owing to its distribution in small, undisturbed specific habitats, ephemeral nature (seasonality: monsoonal appearance) and misidentification with O. nudicaule in the herbarium (dugout and mounted specimens). The study stresses the significance of field characters for the correct identification of these rhizomatous geophytic cryptogams and brings out the differences between Ophioglossum costatum and O. nudicaule.


Studied craniometric and electrophoretic characters of Italian and South-Western French wild boar (Shs scrofa L.) populations, compared with two samples of domestic pig, to assess their taxonomic relationships and to check the actual validity of the two Italian subspecies S. s. majori De Beaux and Festa, 1927, and 5. s. meridionalis Major, 1883. Nine craniometric traits from 41 skuUs (from the ancient maremma, present Maremma and Sardinia populations) were submitted to univariate and multivariate statistic analyses. 200 wild boar specimens (from the Maremma, Sardinia and South-Western France populations) and 68 pig specimens (Landrace and Sardinian native free ranging breeds) were submitted to electrophoretic analysis. Statistic analysis of such data has shown the Sardinian wild boar well separated from the overlapping Clusters of the Italian populations. Multivariate analyses of the adjusted, Logand Ratiotransformed data show a general overlapping of these groups. The main morphometric differences among the Italian, as well as the Western Palearctic wild boar populations, may be explained by a body size factor, probably linked to an environmental cline. Electrophoresis has proven genetic characteristics of the studied wild boar samples at the loci LAPRbc and 6PGD. A dendrogram computed from the Nei's Ds shows a cluster, inclusive of the Itahan Maremma and the French populations, well set apart from a second cluster with the closely linked Sardinian wild boar and Sardinian free ranging pigs. The Landrace breed and a wild population recently crossed with domestic pigs, appears very well separated. As the Italian Maremma populations seem to belong to the same environmental cline of the Western Palearctic Sus scrofa populations, the opportunity to suppress the subspecies 5. 5. majori is suggested. The Sardinian wild boar is fairly well characterized morphometrically as well as genetically, so that the subspecies S. s. meridionalis must be maintained.


Production of antisera able to recognize individual heterotrimeric G protein α subunits resulted in rapid expansion of information on their distribution and function. However, no antibodies that specifically recognize the active state have been available. Four‐way primary screening of 763 hybridomas generated from mice immunized with guanosine 5′‐0‐(3‐thio)triphos‐ phate‐loaded Gαi1 and isolated using an automated robotic colony picker identified three antibodies that interacted with the constitutively active, Q204L, mutant but neither the constitutively inactive, G203A, mutant nor wild‐type Gαi1. This profile extended to other closely related Gi family G proteins but not to the less closely related Gαs and Gαq/Gα11 families. Each anti body was, however, also able to identify wild‐type, GDP‐bound Gi family G proteins in the presence of fluoroaluminate, which mimics the presence of the terminal phosphate of GTP and hence generates an active/transition state conformation. Stimulation of cells coexpressing a wild‐type Gαi subunit and the dopamine D2 receptor with the agonist ligand nor‐ apomorphine also allowed these conformationally se lective antibodies to bind the G protein. Such reagents allow the specific identification of activated G proteins in a native environment and may allow the development of label‐free screening assays for G protein‐coupled receptor‐mediated activation of Gi family G proteins.— Lane, J.R., Henderson, D., Powney, B., Wise, A., Rees, S., Daniels, D., Plumpton, C., Kinghorn, I., Milligan, G. Antibodies that identify only the active conformation of Gi family G protein α subunits. FASEB J. 22, 1924–1932 (2008)


A 10‐year‐old Chinese boy with the characteristic skin manifestations of dyschromatosis universalis is described. In addition, the patient had congenital nystagmus with poor visual acuity, and ophthalomological examination revealed foveal hypoplasia and albino‐like fundi. Histopathology showed giant pigment granules in the skin. Based upon the finding of giant pigment granules in clinically normal skin of the patient's mother, the patient was diagnosed as a case of dyschromatosis universalis with X‐linked ocular albinism. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first documented case of this combination.


Steel buildings often experience failure at the interfaces between their vertical exterior enclosure systems (VEESs) and structural elements. This phenomenon generates various pathological manifestations in steel buildings, resulting in the precocious decay of the structure and the diminishment of its service life. The treatment of these interfaces is essential for ensuring their proper performance and watertightness, and to protect the durability of the steel structure. This paper proposes a method for treating common interface joints between masonry and steel structures with the application of an EPDM (ethylene propylene diene monomer) elastomer membrane. The main goal of this building technique is to ensure the durability and watertightness of the interface's joints when they are subjected to aging triggered by heat exposure and thermal shock. The experimental models tested consisted of a steel frame and a conventional masonry vertical enclosure system with ceramic blocks plastered with cement mortar. The models were subjected to ten cycles of heat exposure and thermal shock for the purpose of simulating accelerated aging, followed by a watertightness experiment that simulated the action of both rain and wind pressure. The interfaces between masonry and the steel structure proposed in this study allowed adequate differential movements between the parts, without damage to joints and masonry. Only small cracks were observed in the outer test region of all of the interfaces tested. In the regions of the joints treated with the EPDM membrane, no alterations were visible to the naked eye. During the cycles of the heat exposure and thermal shock test, the maximum relative horizontal displacements observed in the joints were 0.743 mm for vertical joints and 0.230 mm for horizontal joints, indicating the accurate reproduction of the behavior expected from an untied interface. The results obtained in the previously mentioned watertightness test showed that no humidity stains were found on the inner face of any of the specimens, even after the continuous application of a pneumatic pressure of 400 Pa for eight hours. Therefore, the results indicated satisfactory performance in terms of durability and watertightness in all evaluated cases, indicating that the application of an EPDM membrane can be effective in preventing water leaks in the interfaces between masonry and steel elements, thus contributing to ensuring the steel structure's durability.


The fifth World Internet Project New Zealand (WIPNZ) survey continues our biennial analysis of New Zealanders' usage of, and attitudes towards, the internet. It follows on from the surveys undertaken in 2007, 2009, 2011 and 2013. In this report, we present top-level analysis of data from the survey carried out between September and November 2015. Both telephone and online interviews were conducted, together with a small sample of face-to-face interviews, and extensive material on the use of and attitudes towards Ultra-fast broadband (UFB) was collected. The inclusion, again, of online interviews has resulted in what we believe to be a more representative sample, since some of the growing group of New Zealanders who do not have landlines are now covered in the sample. The face-to-face interviewing tapped the views of otherwise difficult-to-interview groupings. Comparative findings with our earlier surveys will be presented in a later report. The report is divided into three sections: • Section 1: Key Findings shows selected results from the survey for the full sample and is structured according to the various themes of the questionnaire. • Section 2: The Diversity of Internet Users looks in more detail at how responses to the survey differ according to age, gender, ethnicity, household income and area, and is structured in terms of these social groupings. For the first time in the survey, we include people with disabilities to illustrate further the diversity of internet users. • Section 3: Digital Disadvantage in 2015 looks at the sample from the perspective of different types of user – from the highly engaged to the low-level user. Section 3 also presents, in more detail, the characteristics and opinions of internet non-users in parameters such as age and gender.


The genetic divergence in 100 genotypes and germplasm lines of grain amaranth (Amaranthus spp.) was assessed by using non-hierarchical Euclidean cluster analysis. The genotypes were grouped into 15 distinct clusters revealing wide diversity in the experimental material. Cluster XV was largest with 18 followed by cluster XIV with 15 and cluster VIII with 11 genotypes, while cluster VI was solitary. Clustering pattern of genotypes showed lack of any relationship between geographic origin and genetic diversity. Intra cluster values ranged from 0.00 to 23.81 and cluster VII was the most diverse group. The inter cluster values ranged from 22.30 to 133.55. Maximum divergence was noticed between clusters VI and XIII (133.55) followed by clusters I and IV (132.74).The diverse clusters derived could be used in hybridization programme to develop high yielding grain amaranth varieties.


Abstract Due to the legal changes in the exhaust emission limits in the European Union meeting the new norms becomes more challenging for car manufacturers. The recent progress in the exhaust aftertreatment technology and commercially available aftertreatment systems. However, as the exhaust, systems become more and more complex the problem of high emissions in many engine-operating points that are not currently a part of the type approval tests remains. The article aims to address the limitations of the oxidation catalysts in current aftertreatment systems, mainly their light-off temperature, by investigating new options for in-cylinder catalysts. Placing the catalytic layer within the combustion chamber avoids a number of problems associated with these catalysts being a part of the aftertreatment system. Engine emission tests have been performed comparing the effects of using an in-cylinder Pt-Rh catalytic layer in relation to hydrocarbon and nitrogen oxides emissions. The viable methods of producing a catalytic layer on engine components along with the choice of components to use for catalytic surfaces have also been discussed.


Abstract In this study, an analysis of the performance of micronozzle/diffusers is performed and fabrication of the micronozzle/diffuser is conducted and tested. It is found that the ratio of the loss coefficient of nozzle and diffuser increases with the Reynolds number and with the opening angle. At a given Reynolds number, the pressure loss coefficient for nozzle is higher than that of the diffuser due to considerable difference in the momentum change. At a fixed volumetric flowrate, a 'minimum' phenomenon of the pressure loss coefficient versus nozzle/diffuser depth is encountered. This is related to the interactions of velocity change and friction factor. Good agreements of the measured data with the predicted results are found in this study except at a diffuser having an opening angle of 20°. This is because of the presence of flow separation. The departure of this case to the prediction is due to the separation phenomenon in a larger angle of the diffuser. Hence, a more complicated two- and three-dimensional model is adopted to verify this flow separation inside the diffuser. For the simulation of the two-dimensional case, asymmetry flow field is seen for low Reynolds number region, whereas this phenomenon is not seen under three-dimensional simulation due to the confinement of the side wall.


: In the nineteenth century, Enlightenment philosophy and modern political thought found tough opposition in the Roman Catholic Church. Liberalism was associated with Free Masons conspiracy and revolutionary intent. Nonetheless, liberalism and political economy induced the Church to develop some theoretical analysis and specific theoretical positions in terms of social philosophy and social economics. This paper presents an analysis of encyclical letters and writings of Catholic scholars, to elaborate on the theoretical points used to contrast liberalism. Compromises, as well as turning points in the evolution of the Catholic position, are investigated. Lastly, the epistemological and historical reasons for the affinity of Roman Catholicism with ethical liberalism and the limits of this similarity are discussed.


Tumor markers (galectin3, CEA, thyroglobulin) were analyzed in serum and lavage of aspirate, obtained by fineneedle aspiration biopsy from thyroid nodules, by enzyme immunoassay (44 patients). In serum and lavage of aspirate of patients with thyroid cancer the mean values of galectin3 and CEA were significantly higher than of patients with benign thyroid disease. There weren't significant differences in the level of thyroglobulin with thyroid cancer and benign thyroid diseases. Thyroglobulin level was higher in the lavages of the malignant tumors then in benign nodes.


This paper presents a versatile SAR ADC targeting the acquisition of signals in biomedical applications. The converter is implemented in a CMOS AMS 0.35µm technology and powered with 3.3V. Its output bit-width can be varied from 4 to 8 bits. The device includes built-in programmable clock generator and voltage reference circuit. The sampling rate can be tuned up to 100kS/s in the 8-bit mode and with a maximal input range of 2.5V. All these parameters can be independently adjusted. This is an unique fully-configurable converter. The simulation results are reported and positioned with respect to the most recent designs.


In this thesis we study the space of compact connected oriented genus g subsurfaces of a fixed manifold M, and in particular its homological properties. We construct a "scanning map" which compares this space to the space of sections of a certain fibre bundle over M associated to its tangent bundle, and show that this map induces an isomorphism on homology in a range of degrees. Our results are analogous to McDuff's theorem on configuration spaces, extended from 0-submanifolds to 2-submanifolds.


To promote the strength of the city is the key point in constructing deputy provincial city.This paper studied that tourism plays a very important role in promoting the strength of Yichang,and analysed the advantages and current situation to develop tourism,finally put forward the strategies to speed up the tourism in Yichang.


The number of educated unemployed in Indonesia is an initial phenomenon about the importance of entrepreneurship. Improvement of entrepreneurship is then carried out by universities, especially in Malang, through entrepreneurship-based courses, but there is a gap between theory and practice. The gap occurs because of differences in interest among students who are more inclined to entrepreneurship and study in higher education. The purpose of this study was to see differences in interest in entrepreneurship and interest in studying in college. The data analysis method used is partial least square with the student population of several public and private universities in the city of Malang. The results of the study show that the theory of planned behavior does not have a positive and significant effect on the intention to entrepreneurship, while the theory of planned behavior has a positive and significant effect on the intention to study in Higher Education.


We compute the equations and multidegrees of the biprojective variety that parametrizes pairs of symmetric matrices that are inverse to each other. As a consequence of our work, we provide an alternative proof for a result of Manivel, Michalek, Monin, Seynnaeve and Vodicka that settles a previous conjecture of Sturmfels and Uhler regarding the polynomiality of maximum likelihood degree.


Nonlinear behavior of glasses and especially thin films prepared by the sol-gel method make these materials an interesting class for optoelectronic devices especially when connected with their wave guide properties. From theoretical point of view these materials provided models for three-dimensional quantum confinement and allow identification ofthe energy ofthe excited states. These energy states ofthe quantum dots are positioned between the discrete energy levels of the atoms or bands of molecules and the broad band of the condensed phase. We describe the preparation of glasses doped by fluorescein, acridine and methyl-orange and discuss the origin of their nonlinear properties. Preparation of glass films doped by CdS and CuC1 quantum dots are also presented and their properties analyzed. The relation between the energies of the electronic states and size of the particles are discussed.


The Housing Act 1980 brought into legislative focus an aspect of the housing market which had for many years occupied a minor and relatively uncontroversial place in the activities of public housing authorities. The sale of council dwellings to sitting tenants had been carried out by many authorities long before discussion of a Tenants' Charter, but it had remained on a small scale. Not until the inflationary spiral of the early 1970s did it become widely apparent that there were potential investment benefits, and opportunities for making political capital, from the promotion of the idea. When such sales became a basic tenet of Conservative Party policy prior to the 1979 election, the projected scale of activity, which proposed legislation and its public debate made possible, resulted in sides being taken. Whether you were for or against, an implication of party political loyalties was often associated with your choice, and it was foreseen by many that, for better or for worse, this development would result in a large‐scale erosion of public sector housing.