Simple Summary African catfish is one of the most perspective fish species in modern aquaculture. However, the main cost involved in its production is focused chiefly on the cost of feeds. The main reason for this is the behavior of this species (predatory fish) and the high rate of cannibalism in intensive culture. That is why it is essential to assess functional bioactive additives to be used in commercial feed with a positive effect on the growth and survival rates of this commercially valued fish species. In the present study, African catfish juveniles were fed diets enriched with honeybee pollen (BP) and were tested for growth, survival, intestinal microbiota, and tissue histomorphology. It has been shown that BP addition positively affected all the analyzed parameters. This research study spotlights the benefits of BP as a prebiotic supplement for improving the functionality of feeds prepared for African catfish. Abstract This study aimed to determine the dietary effects of honeybee pollen (BP) on growth parameters, intestinal microbiota, hepatic histoarchitecture, and intestinal histomorphometry of African catfish Clarias gariepinus juveniles. The feeding experiment was carried out in a recirculating aquaculture system under controlled conditions for 21 days to achieve more than a 10-fold increase in weight in fish from the control group. Fish were fed well-balanced commercial feed without any supplements and served as a reference group (group C) and other diets enriched with varying BP levels as 1% (BP1), 2% (BP2), and 3% (BP3). Results showed a significant (p < 0.05) effect of the dietary BP not only on the growth parameters (such as final body weight: 5.0 g to 6.6–7.5 g, weight gain: 0.23 g/d to 0.31–0.35 g/d, body length: 84.7 mm to 93.8–95.9 mm, and specific growth rate: 11.7%/d to 13.1–13.7%/d, group C vs. experimental groups, respectively) but also on the development of beneficially important gut microbiota, such as lactic acid-producing bacteria. In BP-enriched groups, an average of 45% higher body weight gain was observed compared to those reared in the control group. The histological analysis showed that dietary BP may have a positive effect on the development of the intestinal tract and may enhance the absorption of nutrients with the potential ability to maintain a normal hepatic histoarchitecture of the treated African catfish. The results obtained suggest the optimum level of BP additive to feed for African catfish should be 1%.


Abstract: Recently, the secretory - endocrine, paracrine and autocrine - phenotype of adipose tissue, consisting of adipo-cytes, stromovascular cells and immune cells, has increasingly been recognized. In humans, adipose tissue is partitioned into two large depots (subcutaneous and visceral) and many small depots associated with heart, blood vessels, major lymph nodes, pancreas, prostate gland, ovaries. Accordingly, two major subfields of adipobiology have emerged, adi-poendocrinology (studying the endocrine activity of adipose tissue) and adipoparacrinology (studying the paracrine activ-ity of adipose tissue). Traditional concept of the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis focuses on intimal surface, where endo-thelial dysfunction expressed by an "inside-out" inflammatory process triggers the formation of atherosclerotic plaque. The present short review highlights evidence for the possible role of dysfunctional paracrine activity of epicardial adipose tissue and of periadventitial adipose tissue in an "outside-in" pathway in the development of coronary and peripheral athe-rosclerosis, respectively. Such a paradigm may have various therapeutic applications including in coronary artery bypass surgery.


What is the central question of this study? Do females and males exhibit a similar sarcopenic response as a consequence of normoxic and hypoxic bed rest? What is the main finding and its importance? During 10‐day bed rest, exposure to a simulated (normobaric hypoxia) altitude of ∼4000 m does not exert additional significant structural or functional effect on the weight‐bearing muscles in females compared to those noted under normoxic conditions. Whereas males and females exhibit decrements in muscle cross‐sectional area and mass during normoxic and hypoxic bed rest, a concomitant strength decrement was only observed in males.


The ribosomal genes (located on the acrocentric chromosomes 13–15,21–22) may be identified by their silver stained gene products, i.e. NOR related proteins. The NOR bearing chromosome activity can be observed at metaphase with the potential for all ten chromosomes to be positively stained. On the other hand, during interphase they fuse so that eventually only a single silver positive structure is seen in resting normal cells. Investigations of histopathological sections of non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) have demonstrated a correlation between the numbers of interphase NORs and the grade of tumour. There is generally a higher number of interphase in high‐grade, and a lower number in low grade tumours. This histopathological and cytogenetic study of 13 patients with NHL shows that the higher numbers of interphase NORs in the high‐grade tumours is not necessarily a reflection of increased numbers of NOR‐bearing chromosomes. Examples were found of high‐grade neoplasms, showing the expected high numbers of interphase NORs, but not an increased number of NOR‐bearing chromosomes. Conversely, some low‐grade tumours, with the expected low number of interphase NORs, had increased numbers of NOR‐bearing chromosomes.


Have the advances in the molecular basis of mtDNA diseases helped or hindered the clinical geneticist? The unique properties of mtDNA add a dimension of uncer-tainty to prognosis and recurrent rates in even the best-defined conditions. Two papers in this issue of the Jour-nal (Bendall and Sykes 1995; Chen et al. 1995) provide new information about transmission of mtDNA and raise new questions.


bstract—Spiral ligament fibrocytes (SLFs) in the mammaian cochlear lateral wall participate in K recycling; they are lassified into five subtypes based on their morphology, disribution, and function. Regeneration of SLFs is a potential herapeutic strategy for correcting several types of hearing oss, prompting us to investigate how SLF subtypes are esablished during development. We compared transitional LF-type marker expression with mitotic activity to evaluate roliferation-differentiation relationships in SLFs from postatal rat cochleae. I.p. injection of 5-bromo-2=-deoxyuridine BrdU) demonstrated that the overall mitotic activity of SLFs ecreased significantly between postnatal day 7 (P7) and 10. For all developmental periods, BrdU incorporation was eakest in the area where type I SLFs reside. The onset of xpression of markers for type II/IV SLFs followed the reuced mitotic activity of the cells, whereas that of aquaorin-1, a marker for type III SLFs, was already detectable at 7, when the type III SLFs were still proliferating vigorously. istribution of BrdU cells increased in the area of type I LFs between P7 and P10, suggesting migration of SLFs rom adjacent areas. We conclude that the time course of evelopment of SLFs is subtype-specific. © 2009 IBRO. Pubished by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.


The utility model provides an installation structure of a defrosting heater. The defrosting heater is tiled under an evaporator, and the defrosting heater and evaporator are arranged at a middle beam of a refrigerator. The defrosting efficiency can be increased by increasing the contact area of the heater and the evaporator.


Gestational choriocarcinoma is not rare. It is a life threatening disease but complete remission can be obtained in majority of patients by administration of appropriate chemotherapy. Prognosis depends on early diagnosis and management. We report a case who had successful pregnancy after taking chemotherapy for gestational choriocarcinoma.


ABSTRACT New arr alleles emerged in class 1 integrons from a clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain (arr-4) and four Klebsiella pneumoniae strains (arr-5) in Brazil/American continent. arr-4 was preceded by aacA7-catB3, whereas arr-5 was the unique cassette. The putative proteins shared 75% (Arr-5) and 78% (Arr-4) identities with Arr-2.


This thesis analyzes the impacts of coffee certification on smallholder producers' livelihoods in Kenya. It focuses on the governance strategies applied by lead actors and how these affect farmers' participation in certification initiatives. It further examines producers' awareness of certification schemes and the influence of certification on coffee returns and livelihoods. The findings reveal that in the initial stages of implementation, the top down governance strategy is widely employed by key actors in the introduction of certification initiatives, and that this strategy inhibits farmers' interactive participation and bargaining power within the value chain. Farmers also have limited awareness of certification requirements, which often leads to non-compliance and suspension from certified markets. Moreover, certification does not guarantee better returns for coffee farmers and has a negligible effect on their livelihoods. We therefore infer that in its early developmental stages, certification alone is inadequate in enhancing producers' livelihoods and in addressing the complexities facing Kenya's coffee industry. Finally, certification is an imperfect tool for promoting supply chain governance and sustainable development. Thus, there is need for integrated remedial measures for the coffee industry, as well as broad based rural development programmes that offer producers more sustainable livelihood options.


This article discusses the views and beliefs of the Roman Catholic and Protestant Churches regarding the Bible. History shows the differences or separation between the two churches, especially the position of the Bible and tradition, but in the process of the ecumenical movement in which the efforts to accept and acknowledge each other, transcending the separation is a shared understanding of the meaning of the Bible for life. The discussion of this article concludes that in the differences that exist between the Catholic and Protestant churches regarding the position and belief in the Bible and tradition, in the historical dialectic, directly or indirectly, the beliefs of these two churches are about how the divine messages must continue to be contextualized in order to still meaningful for life together.


Abstract: To determine the relationships of essential oil yield with flowering shoot yield, morphological traits and essential oil percentage of two Mentha spicata populations, this six year experiment was conducted at the Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Tehran, Iran, from 1999 to 2004. The experiment was conducted as split plot in time in the form of a randomized complete block design with three replications and two factors: population (from Tehran and Yazd, Iran) as the main factor and year (six years of the plant growth) as the sub factor. Analysis of the variance indicated that for all traits were significant differences among years. For most of the traits there were also significant differences between two populations. Results of Pearson correlation showed that the total essential oil yield was significantly correlated to all other traits except for leaf width and flower essential oil percentage. Stepwise regression analysis indicated that leaf essential oil yield, flower essential oils yield, the number of lateral branches, flower essential oil percentage and stem diameter contributed to more than 96 % of the variations. Path analysis revealed that leaf essential oils yield had the highest positive direct effect (0.76) on the total essential oils yield. Finally, principal component analysis indicated that three components contributed to more than 90 % of the variations.


Review(s) of: Lookin for Your Mob, A Guide to Tracing Aboriginal Family Trees, by Diane Smith and Boronia Halstead, Aboriginal Studies Press, Canberra, 1990, Pp.xvii + 132, Graphic Designs by Fiona Kerinaua and Maureen MacKenzie, Photographic and Black and White Illustrations, $10.00 p.b.


Abstract : Although the United States War Department and the leaders comprising the American Expeditionary Force (AEF) had experience in military government operations they were unprepared for the occupation of the Rhineland in 1918. The aggregate effort of key leaders, in particular Colonel IL Hunt and General Henry Allen led to a successful occupation and execution of military government operations, These gentlemen fostered innovation and unity of effort at the tactical, operational, and strategic level, while fostering foreign relations with the local German government leaders, the United States government agencies, and international partners. The collective efforts of Colonel Hunt and General Allen shaped the occupation of the Rhineland. Through their careful assessment and revision of operations, as well as the capture of lessons learned, they collectively inspired the War Department to implement programs, techniques, and procedures for military government operations that would greatly impact the preparation for and execution of such operations following World War.


We consider the effect of Godfrey and Pesaran's (1983) two small-sample adjustments for the Cox (1961, 1962) non-nested test statistic under linear regression models. Based on convenient representations of the test statistics in terms of the correlation coefficients, we compare the confidence contours of the test statistics.


The article argues that the growth of de novo knowledge-based organization depends on managing and coordinating increasingly growing and, therefore, distributed knowledge. Moreover, the growth in knowledge is often accompanied by an increasing organizational complexity, which is a result of integrating new people, building new units and adding activities to the existing organization. It is argued that knowledge is not a stable capacity that belongs to any actor alone, but that it is rather an ongoing social accomplishment, which is created and recreated as actors engage in mutual activities. This paper contributes to the research on organizations as distributed knowledge systems by addressing two weaknesses of the social practice literature. Firstly, it downplays the importance of formal structure and organizational design and intervention efforts by key organizational members. Secondly, it does not explain how communities connect to the whole organization, but rather how they are disconnected from the governing canonical perspectives. In response to this we develop a conceptual model IKAR (denoting corporate and departmental identities, knowledge, activities and resources) and show how its dynamics shape the emerging collective practices within and between organizational departments. We present a case of a de novo knowledge intensive firm to illustrate the model, and conclude with a discussion of emerging implications.


"Active contour model-Snake" firstly suggested by Kass et al. (1988), is a boundary detection scheme, which is known to be very effective for detecting boundary problematic to existing classical schemes. However, the requirement of heavy computation limited its practical application. Neural network, having a massively parallel architecture and being capable of processing huge amount of information in parallel manner, provides an alternative platform for real-time processing. In this paper, the "Snake" formulation is first mapped to a generalized higher-order Hopfield network and finally a tunneling network, an alternative neural network suggested by Cheung and Lee (1992), is adopted for the "Snake" boundary detection scheme. Simulation performed manifests its feasibility and it's found that the solution obtained is better than some existing "Snake" implementation.


New Q‐conditional symmetries for two classes of reaction‐diffusion‐convection equations with power diffusivities are derived. The symmetries obtained for constructing exact solutions of the relevant nonlinear equations are successfully applied. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


The present invention discloses a method of rapid expansion of RAID5 redundant array of independent disks, comprising: acquiring slice group size SS, the read unit size expansion RU, expansion of the size of the write unit and the auxiliary variable WU Y and St, and initialize the current expansion window W_no is 0, the offset w_off initializes the current expansion in the window is zero, and the desired expansion migration record set to null R, the current counter disk d is initialized to zero, obtaining the strip number s = w_no * Wsize + w_off and the strip offset group s_off = s% SS, expansion of the current disc reading unit acquires the start slice number Rb = d * St, the end of the strip number Re = Rb + RU-1, corresponding to the number s is determined strips between the strips in the reading unit whether the expansion section with a group start number and end strips strip number, if it is not determined whether d = n-1, if it is then determined whether w_off = Wsize-1, or on s = v-1, if it is from the expansion of the former RAID5 disk read write unit corresponding stripe corresponding to the newly added disk. The present invention enables the performance and efficiency of the storage array after expansion has improved.


The automatic leaf spring end eye forming machine is special equipment which is used for the trimming (or corner cutting) and end eye forming of leaf-spring. The control system and program has been developed. The Centralized control mode has been adopted by PLC in the machine. The control system software construction is the modular program type. Equipped with Electro-hydraulic servo-driven hydraulic cylinder and sensor with the properties of high precision and good linearity, all performing structures in the machine could locate and move and work in precision status. The control program of PLC could complete real-time controlling and testing in the machine form the leaf spring into and out furnace, trimming (or corner cutting), end eye forming to finished product palletization.


One normal donor has been found whose red blood cells type as I positive with all anti‐I sera except those obtained from patients with chronic cold hemagglutinin disease (CCHD). In addition, these cells had more H than other random O cells and may be devoid of i antigen. Complete absorption of non‐CCHD anti‐I with the unusual cells left an anti‐I reactive with other I positive cells. These unique cells have allowed definition of at least two separate I determinants present on adult cells.


V Survivable Cloud Multi-Robotics Framework for Heterogeneous Environments Vikash Ramharuk 50089625 ABSTRACT The emergence of cloud computing has transformed the potential of robotics by enabling multirobotic teams to fulfil complex tasks in the cloud. This paradigm is known as "cloud robotics" and relieves robots from hardware and software limitations, as large amounts of available resources and parallel computing capabilities are available in the cloud. The introduction of cloud-enabled robots alleviates the need for computationally intensive robots to be built, as many, if not all, of the CPU-intensive tasks can be offloaded into the cloud, resulting in multi-robots that require much less power, energy consumption and on-board processing units. While the benefits of cloud robotics are clearly evident and have resulted in an increase in interest among the scientific community, one of the biggest challenges of cloud robotics is the inherent communication challenges brought about by disconnections between the multi-robotic system and the cloud. The communication delays brought about by the cloud disconnection results in robots not being able to receive and transmit data to the physical cloud. The unavailability of these robotic services in certain instances could prove fatal in a heterogeneous environment that requires multirobotic teams to assist with the saving of human lives. This niche area is relatively unexplored in the literature. This work serves to assist with the challenge of disconnection in cloud robotics by proposing a survivable cloud multi-robotics (SCMR) framework for heterogeneous environments. The SCMR framework leverages the combination of a virtual ad hoc network formed by the robot-to-robot communication and a physical cloud infrastructure formed by the robot-to-cloud communications. The Quality of Service (QoS) on the SCMR framework is tested and validated by determining the optimal energy utilization and Time of Response (ToR) on drivability analysis with and without cloud connection. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed framework is feasible for current multi-robotic applications and shows the survivability aspect of the framework in instances of cloud disconnection.


2. A condition like shock, in which from the direct action of heat on the brain and cord on exposure to the sun's rays, the nervecentres, and especially the respiratory, are influenced, causing rapid failure of the respiration and circulation. 3. Intense pyrexia due to vaso-motor paralysis, and to the nerve-centres being over-stimulated and then exhausted by the action of heat on the body generally. Failure of respiration, of circulation, and of innervation generally result, and asphyxia follows. Recovery is frequent, but in many cases is incomplete from structural changes having taken place in the nerve-centres.


The experiment was conducted in the season (2020-2021) in one of the greenhouses in the second research station of the College of Agriculture at the University of Al-Muthanna, this study was carried out to find out the effect of adding yeast fodder at three concentrations (0, 5.0, 10.0 gL−1) as well as nano fertilizer at three concentrations as well (0, 0.5, 1.0 ml L−1). Where this experiment was conducted on eggplant planted in greenhouses, the irrigation system in these houses was drip irrigation technology, the experiment was carried out with three random replications (complete plots). The results had a significant positive effect for both yeast and nano fertilizer, as well as a positive effect at the interaction between them and in all chemical properties and for each of the leaves and fruits of the eggplant plant (content of nitrogen, phosphorous and chlorophyll in leaves, proteins and carbohydrates in eggplant, fruits and dry weight of the plant). The leaves content of nitrogen, phosphorous, protein and carbohydrates (5.678%, 0.454%, 35.48%, & 61.00 gm 100 gm−1) dry weight, respectively.


The orb web of Nephila clavipes has been fractionated into a water soluble and water insoluble fraction. The former contained K* (1.8%), ÷ (0.5%), an d ninhydrin re active am ines (20.6%) of original web weight. The ninhydrin reactive amines were mainly glycine and a gamma-aminobutyric acid related compound. The water insoluble fraction (fibroin) was digested with trypsin into a soluble and insoluble fraction. Amino acid analysis suggested that the trypsin insoluble fraction derived from the large ampullate gland and thus represents the radial fibers and hub spiral. These observations are compared to those previously made for Argiope aurantfa and Argiope tri fas cia ta.


Investigating the causes of statistical relations is a complex task and the statistician should be careful to ensure a proper measurement and analysis has been conducted, as well as checking the logic and causality of the relations identified. This paper is a critical review of Pearson's use of statistics in two studies on Jewish people. In one paper, he demonstrates that intelligence is gender-related in Jewish children and in another he assigns the highly correlated cephalic index of Jewish and Gentile people to a rapid assimilation of the former due to inter-marriage. Later authors have found weak points in each of Pearson's argumentations: the use of an inappropriate measurement method and the insufficient investigation of causality. Because of the issues in argumentation, Pearson's results become unreliable in both studies and may be considered "cautionary tales" when seeking to explain statistical relations.


Abstract. The contribution of the integration of optical and polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (PolSAR) data to accurate land-cover classification was investigated. For this purpose, an object-oriented classification methodology that consisted of polarimetric decomposition, hybrid feature selection, and a support vector machine (SVM) was proposed. A RADARSAT-2 Fine Quad-Pol image and an HJ-1A CCD2 multispectral image were used as data sources. First, polarimetric decomposition was implemented for the RADARSAT-2 image. Sixty-one polarimetric parameters were extracted using different polarimetric decomposition methods and then merged with the main diagonal elements (T11, T22, T33) of the coherency matrix to form a multichannel image with 64 layers. Second, the HJ-1A and the multichannel images were divided into numerous image objects by implementing multiresolution segmentation. Third, 1104 features were extracted from the HJ-1A and the multichannel images for each image object. Fourth, the hybrid feature selection method that combined the ReliefF filter approach and the genetic algorithm (GA) wrapper approach (ReliefF–GA) was used. Finally, land-cover classification was performed by an SVM classifier on the basis of the selected features. Five other classification methodologies were conducted for comparison to verify the contribution of optical and PolSAR data integration and to test the superiority of the proposed object-oriented classification methodology. Comparison results show that HJ-1A data, RADARSAT-2 data, polarimetric decomposition, ReliefF–GA, and SVM have a significant contribution by improving land-cover classification accuracy.


Background: spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 is a disease caused by the increase in the number of trinucleotide repeats consisting of adenine codon, cytosine and guanine, in the codifiable region ATNX2 gene, located in the long arm of chromosome 12. It is characterized by a syndrome cerebellar associated with progressive slowing of saccadic eye movements, peripheral neuropathy, sleep disorders and in some cases manifestations of parkinsonism. Ehlers-Danlos is given by the laxity of joints, making them unstable. The mutation of genes involved in its genesis alters the structure, production or processing of collagen, causing alterations in the structure and strength of connective tissue throughout the body. Objective: to describe the case of a patient with spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 and Ehrler Danlos syndrome. Clinical case: a 34- year- old white female patient, diagnosed with Ehlers-Danlos, who maintains treatment with muscle relaxants and anti-inflammatory drugs. Three years ago she was diagnosed with spinocerebellar ataxia type 2. Conclusions: the analysis of changes in the Ehlers Danlos syndrome and of spinocerebellar ataxia type 2, through quantitative techniques and clinical observation itself, offers opportunities for enriching the study of the pathophysiology of these diseases. Both techniques are phenotypic markers to evaluate the effect of therapies which modulate the functional status of patients. DeCS: SPINOCEREBELLAR ATAXIAS/diagnosis; EHLERS-DANLOS SYNDROME; JOINT INSTABILITY; ADULT; CASE REPORTS.


With bright continuous annealing simulator,the microstructure and properties of 0.08C-1.7Mn-0.03Si steel treated with different overaging temperature and the phase transformation during continuous annealing process were studied.The results show that second phase was mostly of granular bainite and martensite in the specimen overaged at 450 ℃,mostly lath bainite and martensite in the specimen overaged at 350 ℃ and mostly martensite or M-A island in the specimen overaged at 250 ℃;Tensile strength was increased and yield strength decreased,obviously,but n,and Erichsen value changed only a little with reduction of overaging temperature,thus,adjusting constituent ratio of second phase perhaps is an effective way for promoting plasticity of the steel due to the fact that elongation of the steel overaged at 350 ℃ was increased.


Hydroponic experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of nitrogen form on plant growth, water status and photosynthetic characteristics under integrated root-zone drought stress (IR-DS) and non drought conditions (non-DS) with two hybrids of maize cultivars Zhengdan 958 (ZD958) and Jundan 20(JD20). On the 12 th day of IR-DS, dry matter (DM) of total plant, shoot and root, relative water content (RWC), chlorophyll (Chl.) content, net photosynthetic rate (PN), stomatal conductance (gs), transpiration rate (E) of both cultivars in all N forms treatments as well as intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) except NH4-treatment were significantly decreased. However, lower DM production, RWC and PN as well as drought index (DI) were observed for JD20 than ZD958, thereby the later could be considered as a drought tolerance cultivar comparatively. By comparison with sole ammonium (NH4 + ), sole nitrate (NO3 - ) and the mixture of NH4 + and NO3 - both obviously increased DM of total plant, shoot and root, RWC, PN and Chl. content while decreased gs, E and Ci of both cultivars under drought. The effects of NO3 - -supplied were superior than NH4 + +NO3 - -supplied in the above responses. These impacts were more predominant in ZD958 than JD20. Further analysis of variation indicated that the impact of N form treatment on most parameters measured except root DM were, in general, less than water regime while higher than cultivar. It is, therefore, concluded that an increase of ratio of NO3 - to NH4 + in nutrition solution could lead to an enhancement in leaf RWC and photosynthesis of both cultivars subjected to IR-DS, then result in biomass increase, thus alleviate of damage from drought due to their obvious drought-resistance function based on its nutritive role, especially for a drought tolerant cultivar.


This introductory textbook into the history of the English language is divided into ten chapters. The first three are an introduction to some of the general linguistic principles that will be of importance throughout the text, such as phonetics and sound change, reconstruction methods and the place of English among the other Indo-European language families. There then follow five chapters tracing, in chronological order, the history of English from the Old English period through to Modern Eng...


Abstract Quite a lot of structural identification techniques assume that the complete state of the structure can be measured which unfortunately cannot be easily met in practice. In addition, measurement data are normally contaminated with noise which unavoidably affects the performance of these techniques. In this paper, two waveletbased identification techniques are developed to identify time-varying parameters in a shear-beam building using incomplete and noisy measurement data. By approximating the unknown time-varying parameters using wavelet multiresolution expressions, a parametric identification problem is transformed into a nonparametric coefficient optimization. As the wavelet multi-resolution expressions can accurately represent arbitrary functions, these wavelet-based techniques can be used to identify various forms of timevarying behavior that can occur to the building's parameters. Depending on the availability of measurement data, two wavelet-based identification techniques, story-by-story and sub-structural, are proposed. To minimize the effect of measurement noise, a wavelet decomposition level selection scheme and a multi-rate Kalman data fusion technique are adopted. Numerical studies are conducted to illustrate the performance of the proposed wavelet-based timevarying structural identification techniques. Results show that the techniques can track the time-varying properties of shear-beam buildings quite accurately under incomplete and noisy measurement condition.


The purpose of this research was to determine the efforts done by government in enhancing rural children to access primary education in Morogoro, Tanzania. The main aim of research was to find out the government's efforts in facilitating rural children to enroll in standard one. The researcher used the survey research design.  The purposive sampling was used to select 6 primary schools. Data were then analyzed using both descriptive and statistical techniques. The objective was analyzed descriptively by using frequency tables, graphs, and percentages. The findings of the study were that educational, physical and financial resources were having significant positive results on the enrolment of pupils in primary schools. The study then concluded that Primary Education Development Programs (PEDP) through capitation grants had direct significant impact to pupils' enrolment in schools. The study is of significance as it provides information that can be used by the Ministry of Education and policy makers to identify strategies that can facilitate many pupils to enroll in rural primary schools, and enable policy makers come out with stipulation for improving enrolment in rural primary school.


Deposition material to form a receiving space therein is housed, includes a crucible opening along the longitudinal direction is formed on one side, it is formed so that the opening is narrowed toward the center portion from both ends linear evaporation source for the fabrication of thin film of an organic semiconductor device is disclosed. During the fabrication of thin film using the linear evaporation source, to improve the low material utilization of the vacuum evaporation source for thin film fabrication, not only can ensure uniformity of the entire film can improve the shadow effect due to the shadow mask.


According to the systematical uninterrupted principle in sports training theory and the motor learning theory in sports psychology, the setup of technical training contents and the training of billiards were analyzed to make the technical training scientific and standardized.


The slider, which is made of polyoxymethylene, is the key component of an automotive window regulator. Its function is to guide the window's movement, but it is prone to wear and tear. To reduce noise and improve the wear life of slider, a study of its contact characteristic and the wear life is significant. In this paper, the wear and friction properties of polyoxymethylene under dry sliding condition and grease lubrication condition are investigated using a pin-on-disc apparatus. The complex force conditions of the slider at the normal working condition are studied by a mechanics analysis method. The contact pressure of slider is analyzed by the finite element analysis and the wear of slider is calculated by the proposed wear prediction model. Prediction of the wear life of slider is verified by a window regulator wear experiment. Results show that the value of wear rate of polyoxymethylene under unlubricated condition is much higher than that under lubricated condition. The estimation of wear depth of slider, based on the combination of finite element contact pressure analysis and wear properties of polyoxymethylene, is in accordance with window regulator wear test under unlubricated condition. Besides, the practical wear depth of slider under grease lubrication condition is also in the range of the predicted wear depth of slider under dry and grease lubrication condition.


In this paper, equality is established and discussed in between soft open and soft close in multi scale environment as well as in iterative environment. Soft erosion and soft dilation will exist for various thresholds. So soft open and soft close also exist for various thresholds. If definition for soft erosion and soft dilation are studied (5 ),then some type of equalities are viewed among soft morphological operations. So equality may be established in between soft erosion and soft dilation in multi scale environment (47). In the same way because soft open and soft close are composite operations, equality may be established among them also. In this paper it is extended to iterative environment. A very important point is that equality does not exist in mathematical morphology but will exist in soft mathematical morphology. Keywords: Mathematical morphology, Mathematical soft morphology, Soft morphology, Erosion, Dilation, Soft erosion, Soft dilation, Primitive morphological operation, equality, threshold , Iterative morphology, Multi scale morphology, soft open, soft close. The paper is divided in to 8 sections. 1. INTRODUCTION AND MATHEMATICAL MORPHOLOGY 2. SOFT MORPHOLOGY 3. ITERATIVE SOFT MORPHOLOGY. 4. MULTI SCALE SOFT MORPHOLOGY 5. EQUALITY AMONG SOFT OPEN AND SOFT CLOSE IN ITERATIVE AND MULTI SCALE ENVIRONMENT. 6. CONCLUSION 7 REFERENCES


Leadership is a dominant and crucial role in the overall effort to improve performance both at the individual, group and organizational levels. A successful leader is a leader who is able to carry out leadership tasks effectively to achieve organizational goals, besides giving motivation to employees by giving grades can also improve employee performance. This study aims to determine the effect of democratic leadership style and motivation on the performance of the employees of the BMT NU Branch of Galis Pamekasan. This type of research is a quantitative research. Types and sources of data in this study in the form of qualitative data and quantitative data. The sample in this study amounted to 12 people. This research consists of 2 independent variables, namely democratic leadership style (X1) and motivation (X2), and the dependent variable is employee performance (Y). Testing data instruments with Validity Test, Reliability Test. While the analysis technique in this study uses the F test and t test. The first result of this research is that democratic leadership style affects employee performance, and the second is that motivation affects employee performance.


We demonstrate how to generate highly ordered, solidified foam structures from chitosan hydrogels using millifluidic cross-flow techniques. In this, aqueous chitosan solutions (containing surfactant) and air are injected simultaneously at constant flow rates in a millimetric T-junction device, in which the gas thread breaks up to form extremely monodisperse bubbles. These bubbles travel along a tube in which the cross-linker glyoxal is added at constant flow rate via another T-junction in order to start the gelification of the chitosan. The bubbles are collected in appropriate devices, where they form hexagonally close-packed structures under the influence of gravity and/or confinement before the gelification process freezes the foam structure. The successful application of this technique requires the optimization of foam stability in conjunction with an appropriate choice of gelification time and the viscosity of the solution, both being strongly dependent on the chitosan concentration. Furthermore, reli...


After every terrorist attack or catastrophic event, the place begins to be sacred and thus gain unusual attractiveness. In perspective, the process touristification a place corresponds to the postmodern consumer need, but in a deeper with the repeatability of events. In this context, this paper explores the connections between tourism and terrorism, not as two separate phenomena but as two sides of the same coin. The thesis that I try to show in this paper is that tourism is terrorism but by other means. In criticism of those studies that promote tourism as a way to resolve the contradictions of modern productive system and mitigate the impact on poverty of populations, this paper argues that economic growth processes are followed in turn by a depression and then conflagration of war whose purpose is to clean the system imperfections accelerating or decelerating economic production. The war is both productive system, an important industry for the Company to maintain existing ties of solidarity. Consequently, assert that terrorism is a threat to the tourism industry


Single quasicrystals of Al 7 0Pd 21 Mn 9 were plastically deformed by 25% under compression at 750 o C. Both these samples as well as control samples of as-grown and heat-treated material were investigated by transmission electron microscopy. It was found that upon deformation the dislocation density increases by about 2 orders of magnitude. This provides the first direct evidence for quasicrystal deformation by a dislocation mechanism. The dislocation were found to have twofold and fivefold Burgers vector directions in physical space


The present invention by squeezing the elastic section and the blood pellicle to the adhesive-specific bonding pressure over the adhesive the pressure in a state sandwiched between the protective material of the pellicle frame with an adhesive agent of the hardness 200gf or less in the subject to be protected which adheres the pellicle to the subject to be protected a method of pressure-sensitive adhesive on the pellicle subject to be protected and the pellicle pressure-sensitive adhesive subject to be protected prepared by that method. A pellicle film adhesive, and (a) comprises a pellicle frame and the pellicle frame for supporting a pellicle film in the form open through the layer with an adhesive (b) layer for fixing the subject to be protected, wherein the adhesive (a) layer and the adhesive (b) a compound to be adsorbed or absorbed by the pellicle film was generated from the floor, and having 140 ~ 200 nm UV adhesive for the amount of generation of compounds 200 ppm or less a wavelength to generate a radical when irradiated with wavelengths 140 ~ 200 nm UV pellicle and It relates to the case for a pellicle, The invention process for producing a pellicle pressure-sensitive adhesive subject to be protected, which can prevent the dust adheres to the subject to be protected, such as a mask or a reticle; A light resistance (durability) UV adhesive having a pellicle for the following excellent wavelength 200 nm; It provides a pellicle case.


This article describes GO Transit, Canada's first, and Ontario's only, interregional public transit system, linking Toronto with the surrounding regions of the Greater Toronto Area. It provides background information on Gary McNeil, CEO, and his work experience with the Toronto Transit Commission before moving to GO. It describes his goals for GO, which are largely about focusing on better customer service. GO receives nearly 90 percent of its operating costs from fares. The article also describes the transit system's on-time performance, which has slipped recently, its service area, and plans for expansion.


The New Brutalism in British architecture in the 1950s and 1960s is often said to rely on a concept of the 'ugly'. This paper discusses the similarity of this aesthetic ploy to the Eighteenth century picturesque, especially Uvedale Price's work on the ugly and disgusting. It is speculated that the elision of this connection, in the 1950s (and since) is to do with the opposition of Brutalism to the revival of the picturesque by Nikolaus Pevsner. The paper proceeds by re-reading Peter Reyner Banham's orgininal 1955 essay 'The New Brutalism' around Banham's use of the terms â'image' and 'the new Art History'. It concludes by broaching a broader question of whether the perturbations of the concept of the aesthetic, which have been discussed might not be a wider phenomenon in the history of Twentieth Century art and architecture.


ed and indexed* SCOPUS (indexed since 2016); Web of Science TM, Clarivate Analytics (indexed since 2016); AGRIS; CABI PUBLISHING CAB ABSTRACTS; EBSCO Art Source (*) – Attention! The data bases select the articles from the proceedings for including them in their data bases after individual qualitative examination. All scientific paper was reviewed by two independent reviewers. Every author is responsible for the quality and the information of his article. Read our scientific journal in on-line: http://llufb.llu.lv/Raksti/Landscape_Architecture_Art/ http://llufb.llu.lv/db.html?i=llu_izd_arz.html http://www.le-notre.org/public_lni/news_show_details.php?news_id=514 https://scholar.google.lv/scholar?q=%22Landscape+architecture+and+art%22+latvia&btnG=&hl=lv&as_sdt=0%2C5 http://www.theeuropeanlibrary.org/tel4/record/3000059529403?classificationcerif=T000&count=1000&locale=uk&link-level=DIGITAL_OBJECT&collection-id=a0163 Scientific journal cover photo: Daiga Zigmunde © LATVIA UNIVERSITY OF LIFE SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGIES, 2018 Scientific Journal of Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies Landscape Architecture and Art, Volume 13, Number 13


The Chicago 'L' has been in operation since the 1890's and has long been considered a landmark to both Chicago residents and visitors. The opening of the State Street and Dearborn Street Subways in the 1940's and 1950's relieved central area 'L' congestion at that time, but the today the Chicago Transit Authority (CTA) faces new capacity challenges as ridership grows. The physically constrained environment, as well as the historical significance of the existing transit facilities, has made it necessary for CTA to develop creative solutions in order to meet modern transportation needs. This paper describes how the CTA is currently considering many proposals to alleviate current and forecasted core capacity constraints in the rail system. Specifically, the CTA is considering two expansion projects that would use both new and existing rights-of-way; an express service between O'Hare Airport and the Loop; and a Circle Line that would connect all but one of the CTA's current rail lines, as well as the commuter rail lines of CTA's sister agency, Metra. The paper describes how these two stand out because their approaches are considered innovative in comparison to simply extending a line.


The realizations of spin-orbit coupling in cold atoms lead to a burst of research activities in the searching of topological matters in ultracold atom systems. Recent theoretical predictions show that topological Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) superfluids can be realized with appropriate spin-orbit coupling and in-plane Zeeman fields. In this work, a comprehensive understanding of the pairing symmetry, phase diagram, and the edge modes in this topological matter are presented. The center-of-mass momentum of the Cooper pairs plays the role of renormalizing the in-plane Zeeman fields and chemical potential. The in-plane Zeeman fields also induce asymmetry to the effective $p$-wave pairing, apart from a small fraction of higher orbital components. As a result, the phase diagram is composed by different phases, which are determined by the Fermi surface topology and band gap width of the superfluids. Especially, the gapped and gapless topological FFLO phases have totally different finite size effects. These features show that the spin-orbit coupled cold atoms provide an important platform in realizing topological matters which may not be materialized with solids.


An inhibitor of cathepsin K with potential anti-osteoporotic activity. Odanacatib selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of cathepsin K, which may result in a reduction in bone resorption, improvement of bone mineral density, and a reversal in osteoporotic changes. Cathepsin K, a tissue-specific cysteine protease that catalyzes degradation of bone matrix proteins such as collagen I/II, elastin, and osteonectin plays an important role in osteoclast function and bone resorption. Qeios · Definition, February 8, 2020


The invention discloses an acrylic acid cyclodextrin polymer represented in a structure formula (I) and a preparation method thereof. In the preparation method, in the presence of an oxidation-reduction system initiator of ammonium persulfate-sodium hydrogensulfite, bulk polymerization and suspension polymerization are carried out on maleic anhydride beta- cyclodextrin and acrylic acid in a water and cyclohexane system to respectively obtain a cyclodextrin polymer which is hydrogel sensitive to pH, wherein the synthesis reaction conditions are mild and simple and easy to control. An adsorption experiment result shows that after a dye solution is subjected to adsorption, the absorbance is obviously reduced, and the invention is particularly suitable for basic dye wastewater treatment.


Many educational and industrial applications that involve robots require knowing the location information for the robots. This necessitates both the ability to localize the robots globally in the absence of any prior data as well as to track the robots' current positions once their initial locations are known. Various approaches have been used to solve these problems, such as encoders, inertial navigation, range sensing and vision-based techniques. Among those state-of-the-art robot localization methods, vision-based techniques are considered as some of the most effective approaches, and they can be enhanced significantly by obtaining additional supporting information from signal processing techniques and related algorithm developments. However, many challenges associated with the use of vision-based robot tracking systems in uncontrolled environments remain. For example, hardware components of visual odometry systems tend to be expensive and difficult to implement; choosing the most suitable algorithms and analysis methods is not straightforward and those algorithms are considered to be computationally expensive. In this paper, a visual odometry system implemented using a low-cost user-friendly 3-D scanner (the Microsoft Kinect) is presented. A traditional approach for robot tracking based on object recognition was applied, which includes building an object database, followed by extracting, describing and matching keypoints between the database and the scene. The advantages and disadvantages of using the Kinect in this approach were studied. Then, a technique for the simultaneous tracking and reconstruction (STAR) of objects was developed and tested. This technique was inspired by the simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) approach, and it was implemented using the Kinect and an iRobot Create platform. The prototype implementation shows that this STAR technique is feasible and suitable to be used in educational robotics laboratories. This technique also has multiple advantages compared to traditional educational laboratories, such as lower cost, more straightforward setup and less required preparation work by the laboratory instructor.


The article discusses the theoretical foundations of self-governance, a person's rule over oneself. The specificity of the author's view of the issue is a holistic approach to the individual, the allocation of four main components in the individual's structure. The production, professional component among the four is special and is aimed at generating income for a holistic life. Self-governance has two sides – self-knowledge and self-management. There are three levels of selfgovernance; only one of them is associated with the human consciousness, which explains the predominance of indirect – catchwords, storytelling, trial and error, biographical, scenario – management methods in it. The application of the proposed model of self-governance for the "mastery of life" style is substantiated.


Abstract The problem of dye migration in PE which is of importance for coating and packaging applications was examined with fluorescent colorant C.I. Solvent Yellow 43 as a model of fluorescent dye poorly soluble in PE. These types of dyes are soluble in the PE melt, they show however a strong tendency to crystallize on cooling and to migrate on the surface giving rise to the typical blooming effect. It could be demonstrated by different migration tests that on addition of P(EB)-b-PEO or SEBS block copolymers, having one sequence selectively miscible with PE, the other with the dye, prevent to a very large extent the dye migration and thus its surface crystallization (blooming). This improvement is attributed to the formation, in the PE amorphous phase, of PEO and PS microdomains respectively that are able to solubilize selectively the dye. By fluorescence spectroscopy it could be demonstrated that the dye is selectively solubilized in the PEO microdomains of the P(EB)-b-PEO block copolymer, as well for micelles formed in heptane, as for the blends with PE.


L-asparaginase is responsible for the hydrolysis of Lasparagine into L-aspartic acid and ammonia. L-asparaginase is used as an effective therapeutic agent against lymphocytic leukemia. It also finds applications in food industry. Though much has been unraveled about LA, it may appears today that it is at the tip of iceberg and there is tremendous scope in screening of novel LA sources and studying their properties and applications. In the current study L-asparaginase producing bacteria were screened from forest soil of Vasai, MS, India. Modified M9 medium was used for screening the L-asparaginase producers. Out of the total 885 organisms screened for L-asparaginase production, one isolate was found to produce substantial L-asparaginase (15.94 IU/ml). This isolate was further identified by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing as a novel strain Salinicoccus sp. M KJ997975. This orange pigment producing isolate was found to be moderately halophilic and alkaliphilic. Not much literature is available on L-asparaginase producing gram positive alkalophilic and halophilc bacteria and this is the first kind of report on L-asparaginase producing Salinicoccus sp. INTRODUCTION: The population of bacteria in the soil is maximum as compared to all other groups of microorganisms in both number and variety. Bacteria bring about a number of changes and biochemical transformations in the soil and thereby directly or indirectly help in the nutrition of higher plants growing in the soil. Soil bacteria play crucial role in decomposition of complex organic matter, ammonification, nitrification, denitrification, biological fixation of atmospheric nitrogen, oxidation and reduction of sulphur and iron compounds. Soil bacteria also produces many important enzymes. QUICK RESPONSE CODE DOI: 10.13040/IJPSR.0975-8232.6(8).3599-05 Article can be accessed online on: www.ijpsr.com DOI link: http://dx.doi.org/10.13040/IJPSR.0975-8232.6(8).3599-05 Which have been used in industries on large scale. Increased usage of enzymes is due to their excellent prospects. L-asparaginase, a relatively widespread enzyme, found in many microorganisms has attracted much attention in the past decade because of its antineoplastic activity. L-asparaginase hydrolyses L-asparagine to Laspartic acid and ammonia in leukemic cells, resulting in the depletion of L-asparagine, inhibition of protein synthesis, cell cycle arrest in G1 phase and apoptosis of susceptible leukemic cell populations 1 . Normal cells can synthesize L-asparaginase with the help of enzyme asparagine synthase, whereas malignant cells are deprived of this enzyme and thus needs exogenous source of L-asparagine for growth. Addition of L-asparaginase depletes exogenous L-asparagine and causes death of


There are many situations in which we need to incorporate real-time constraints in broadcasting systems for mobile environments. In this paper, we study broadcast scheduling strategies for pull-based broadcast with timing constraints in the form of deadlines. Unlike previously proposed scheduling algorithms for broadcast systems which aim to minimize the mean access time, our goal is to identify scheduling algorithms for broadcast systems that ensure requests meet their deadlines. We present a detailed study of the performance of traditional nonmobile real-time strategies and non-real-time mobile strategies, and demonstrate that traditional real-time algorithms do not always perform the best in a mobile environment. We propose a model of a pull-based real-time broadcast system and also propose an efficient scheduling algorithm, called Aggregated Critical Requests (ACR), which is designed for timely delivery of data to mobile clients.


With the prevalence of technology, there is a growing demand for telecommunications, which has led to a scarcity of spectrum. In order to allocate the usage of the spectrum more rationally, many countries have started to use spectrum auctions that can maximize the utilization of limited spectrum resources. However, some potential risks, such as insecurity, might be caused during the process of auctioning the spectrum. This article analyzes the spectrum auctions based on a series of case studies, obtaining the advantages and disadvantages of the discussion. Besides, there is a need for more research to be carried out to investigate the fraudulent conduct of some auctioneers and the manipulative actions of bidders.


The infusion of rhythmic movement into elementary music programs was a gradual process extending from the late 19th century through the third decade of the 20th century, Changing educational philosophies caused the shift from traditional curricular goals focused on singing and note-reading to the more progressive view of rhythmic movement as an avenue for the total development of the physical, social, cultural, and expressive needs of the child, A growing awareness of the eurhythmies techniques of faques-Dalcroze as well as the acceptance of John Dewey's child-centered curriculum persuaded music educators of the progressive New School (a group of philosophers whose aim was the achievement of educational aims through social activism) to develop practices for a comprehensive elementary curriculum of free and creative rhythmic expression. While conservative thinkers, including T. P. Giddings, Will Earhart, Carl E. Seashore, and Jacob Kwalwasser, upheld rhythm as a inherited trait, unalterable through training Charles H, Farnsworth, Karl K. Gehrkens, Mabelle Glenn, and James L. Mursell promoted its cause and tailored curricular materials for its eventual inclusion as a key component in the elementary music curriculum.


Postpartum abdominal sterilization by the Pomeroy method or tubal cauterization by laparoscopy are recommended over the procedure of vaginal tubal ligation described by McMaster and Ansari (Obstetrics and Gynecology 38: 44-50. 1971). The abdominal Pomeroy method is quick, and laparoscopy requires a shorter hospital stay. If the uterus is in or can easily be brought into the cul-de-sac, it is advisable to use the vaginal route. Babcock's forceps are not optimal for locating the tube for ligation because the mesosalpinx is clamped blindly, possibly injuring a vessel and causing hematoma. McMaster replies that he performs vaginal ligation chiefly on nonpuerperal grand multipara whose uteri are mid- or retroverted. He disagreed with Brusilow on doing hysterectomy on these patients, but both agreed that vasectomy is preferable if possible.


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The following sections are included: Introduction Conventional Charmonium States Issues for BES-III Novel States Incorporating a $c\bar c$ Subsystem The XYZ Mesons, Recent Experimental Developments


The classical findings of petrous apicitis, also known as Gradenigo's syndrome, include abducens nerve palsy, deep facial pain and symptoms of acute otitis media. With the widespread use of antibiotics, petrous apicitis has become an uncommon disease. However, when it occurs, it may be silent or inconspicuous at first and gradually progress to a life-threatening stage. Petrous apicitis has conventionally been treated with aggressive surgical methods. However, recent reports have described good outcomes of more conservative medical treatments with minimal surgical intervention. Here, we report a case involving a 12-year-old child with petrous apicitis without symptoms of acute otitis media, who presented with persistent headaches since 14 days. On day 2 of admission, he developed diplopia and lateral limitation of the left eye. Medical treatment resulted in favorable outcomes, and the child was in good health without headaches or abducens nerve palsy at the 2-month follow-up.


The problem in the construction method of the bored pile is the contamination of mud or the other contaminant that can cause the modulus of elasticity of concrete to decrease. This research determines the modulus of concrete on a bored pile foundation instrumented with fiber-optic (FO) with a manual calculation based on strain data during loading test, validated with the results of research in the laboratory and numerical analysis. Fiber optic was used to measure the strain along with the pile during the loading test. The bored pile foundation is divided into 12 segments with the same strain characteristics, and then the modulus value is calculated. The result is the modulus value of each segment is different, and the value of the modulus changes along with the increase in strain; the modulus will decrease as the strain increases. This differs from the theory that the modulus has a fixed value approximated by empirical equations. Made a cylindrical concrete sample on both sides, which installed a FO to record the strain during the loading test. The result is true that the modulus is not constant but decreases as the strain increases. It is shown in the result of analysis to fiber-optic measurement data. Created a model in Plaxis2D for validation, and the results are not much different from the manual calculation.


Purpose: to obtain equations for further use in calculating the maximum discharge of 1% availability along the whole river length, depending on watershed elevation (for the Black Sea basin rivers), based on the dependency curves. Materials and methods. The calculated and reference data of hydrometeorological services (series of observations for maximum water discharges) were the base materials. From the reference materials, the following hydrological characteristics were obtained: watershed area, average watershed elevation and 1% flow probability. The studies were carried out for 59 control stations on 14 rivers. Results. Dependence curves and equations for calculating the maximum flow rate of 1% flow probability for 14 rivers of the Black Sea basin, ranked according to watershed elevation into four groups: 0–500, 500–1000, 1000–1500, 1500–2500 m according to the Baltic System (BS) are obtained. A comparison of flow rates obtained from the calculated curves and available reference data was made, according to its results the average error about 25 % was determined. In the proposed method, there is a tendency to overestimate the values compared to the reference data. Conclusions. The calculated equations for flow rates of 1% probability in the elevation range of 0–500 and 500–1000 m BS, obtained as a result of the study, are very reliable and can be used to calculate the given value. To improve the accuracy of the equations in the elevation range of 1000–1500 and 1500–2500 m BS, along with the available data, it is recommended to use additional control stations in the corresponding elevation range.


For the third consecutive year, a kind hearted car dealer has shown support by helping to keep NHS staff in Rotherham on the move this Winter. Guy Salmon Land Rover in Sheffield, has loaned The Rotherham NHS Foundation Trust (TRFT) a Land Rover Defender 110 XS Station Wagon to use during periods o


In this paper, a feedforward linearization method for programmable CMOS transconductance operational amplifier (OTA) is described. The proposed circuit technique is developed using simple source-coupled differential pair transconductors and linear reference resistor (R). As a result, an efficient linearization of a transfer characteristic of the OTA is obtained. The gm - programmability of the developed OTA was obtained using a programmable current mirror array technique. SPICE simulations show that for 0.35 mum AMS CMOS process with a single +3 V power supply, total harmonic distortion (THD) at 1Vpp and temperature range from -30degC to +90degC is less than -35.8dB. Moreover the input voltage range of linear operation is increased. Power consumption of the linearized OTA circuit is 0.76 mW.


Sixty-one samples of canned tomato paste comprising seven brands originating from three countries and sold in local markets in the Kumasi Metropolis of Ghana were analysed for levels of iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry and for levels of mercury (Hg) by direct mercury analyzer. Mean heavy metal concentrations varied by brand, ranging from below the limit of detection (Cd) to a maximum concentration range of 1.68 ± 1.63 to 58.6 ± 14.5 µg g −1 (Fe). Estimated mean ranges of other heavy metals are 2.06 ± 0.62 to 8.52 ± 0.68 µg g −1 (Zn), 2.62 ± 0.33 to 5.75 ± 0.47 µg g −1 (Mn), 0.070 ± 0.003 to 0.116 ± 0.012 µg g −1 (Pb) and 0.011 ± 0.001 to 0.102 ± 0.001 µg g −1 (Hg). Assessed metal levels in five brands were below the WHO/FAO permissible levels. Results of the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) conducted on the data suggested no significant variations (P > 0.05) in the concentrations of the metals in the same brands of canned tomatoes.


A serologic study was conducted to determine the prevalence of Parainfluenza-3 virus (PI3V), Syncytial Respiratory virus (RSV) and Bovine Viral Diarrhea virus (BVDV) in ruminants raised under harsh environmental conditions and poor management in the highlands of Cusco, Peru. Blood samples were collected in cattle (n = 66), alpaca (n = 21), and sheep (n = 152) for antibody detection against PI3V, RSV, and BVDV by serum neutralization test. The prevalence of PI3V, RSV, and BVDV was 81.8, 87.8, and 90.9% in cattle, 50.0, 49.3, and 28.3% in sheep, and 23.8, 4.7, and 15.8% in alpaca respectively. The antibody titers ranged from 2 to >256 and the highest titers were found in bovine samples. The results indicate that these respiratory viruses are widely distributed in the animals of this rural community and may play a key role in respiratory problems.


We prove that outer commutator words are uniformly concise, that is, if an outer commutator word ω takes m different values in a group G, then the order of the verbal subgroup ω(G) is bounded by a function depending only on m, and not on ω or G. This is obtained as a consequence of a structure theorem for the subgroup ω(G), which is valid if G is soluble, and without assuming that ω takes finitely many values in G. More precisely, there is an abelian series of ω(G), such that every section of the series can be generated by values of ω all of whose powers are also values of ω in that section. For the proof of this latter result, we introduce a new representation of outer commutator words by means of binary trees, and we use the structure of the trees to set up an appropriate induction.


The integration of behavioral health services into pediatric primary care settings has expanded rapidly in recent years, and pediatric psychologists have played a prominent role in this development As integrated care becomes mainstream, there is a growing need to develop and disseminate pragmatic strategies for maximizing the reach and impact of behavioral services in primary care This special issue in includes papers focused on 4 central themes: understanding and increasing engagement with integrated primary care services, identifying barriers and facilitators to implementation, reducing health disparities, and workforce development In this introduction to the special issue, we preview each of these contributions and consider their implications in the context of the 2 great pandemics of our time: COVID-19 and systemic racial injustice The work included in this special issue provides clear examples of strategies clinicians can use to analyze and improve their clinical services, articulates methods of adapting interventions to particular patient populations, and sets a roadmap for the future of integrated primary care psychology


BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE
Molecular mechanisms of most anti-obesity drugs are remained to be clear. MicroRNAs that are noncoding RNA molecules supposed to regulate biological processes concomitant to obesity and have attracted a lot of attention to themselves. The miR-27a and miR-143 expression levels in obese and non-obese rats during weight changes and L-carnitine (LC) effects on them was investigated in this study.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
In the present study 12 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal fat diet and high fat diet groups to develop obesity. After 8 weeks rats were weighted and half of diet induced obese rats were randomly selected to receive 200 mg LC kg -1 b.wt. for 4 weeks. At the end epididymal fat was isolated to investigate expression level of microRNAs by real-time PCR.

RESULTS
After 12 weeks, high fat diet in comparison with normal fat diet mediated significant decrease and increase in expression levels of miR-27a and miR-143 , respectively. These changes were modified in groups, which had received LC in a 4 weeks period. Furthermore, rats in this group gained less weight.

CONCLUSION
Findings of this study suggest that the changes of microRNAs expression probably play a role in pathogenesis of obesity, might be modulated by means of dietary agents and supplements and modify weight gain trend.


Professor Zhu Nansun considers that there are three common syndromes in endometriosis,including blood stasis and qi stagnation syndrome,blood stasis and heat syndrome,and residual pathogen and weak resistance syndrome,and suggests prescribing treatments according to different stages and syndromes,stressing emotional regulation in particular.


This paper describes an experimental investigation of the feasibility of using "slow" active control approaches, which change liquid fuel spray properties, to suppress combustion instabilities. The objective of this control approach is to break up the feedback between the combustion process heat release oscillations and the combustor oscillations that drives the instability by changing the characteristics of the combustion process (i.e., characteristic combustion time). To demonstrate the feasibility of such control, this study used a proprietary fuel injector (Nanomiser™), which can independently vary its fuel spray properties, and investigated the dependence of acoustics-combustion process coupling, i.e., the driving of combustion instabilities, upon the fuel spray properties. The results of this study showed that by changing the spray characteristics it is possible to significantly damp combustion instabilities. Furthermore, using Abel's deconvolution, this study showed that the instabilities were mostly driven in regions where the mean axial flow velocity was approximately zero, in the near field of the vortices that were generated in the combustor. The results of this study strongly suggest that a "slow" active control system that employs controllable injectors could be used to prevent the onset and/or damp detrimental combustion instabilities.Copyright © 2003 by ASME


Currently, in developing countries, MSMEs have a big contribution to grow the community's economy, including Indonesia. MSMEs hold an essential position in economic progress. There are still very few researchers who examine the BI Rate, Inflation, and the Rupiah Exchange Rate on MSME credit financing. So, researchers are interested in taking this title. This study is an explanatory research which aims to describe the causal correlation between variables through hypotheses and is carried out through descriptive analysis. The population in this study is all MSMEs in Indonesia that receive credit financing. The data taken is the period 2011-2019. Population data collection techniques are carried out using a time series approach using an annual scale. The result is that the BI Rate, Inflation and the Rupiah Exchange rate partially have no effect and are not significant on MSME credit financing. Meanwhile, the BI Rate, Inflation, and the Rupiah Exchange simultaneously have a significant effect on MSME credit financing.


Two types of under-water quartz transducers, namely, the mosaic type & the array type, were designed and manufactured, particularly paying attention to the points of cementing of crystals and supporting of vibrating bodies, with a view to reducing the equivalent resistance r of the transducers when they are unloaded. A transducer of the mosaic type with an area of 609 mm 2 , unsupported, measured 60 k Ω for its r, while one of the array type with an area of 259 mm 2 , 15 k Ω. Finally, discussions were made on the comparison of these two types of transducers with the conclusion that a transducer of the array type possesses more merits than that of the mosaic type. The ways for further improvements were considered.


Aluminum-induced crystallization of amorphous silicon (a-Si) is studied using various microscopy techniques and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. During the isothermal annealing of subsequently deposited aluminum and a-Si films on glass, a layer exchange process is induced, while a continuous polycrystalline silicon film (poly-Si) on glass is formed within the initial metal layer and therefore displaces it. This crystallization process is conducted at temperatures ranging from 350 °C to 500 °C, significantly below the eutectic temperature of the Si–Al binary system of 577 °C. The results presented focus on the influences of the polycrystalline structure of the evaporated Al, the Si–Al layer sequence, and the interface layer between the Al and Si films on the overall crystallization process. They reveal that the larger the Al grain size of the initial polycrystalline Al layer, the larger the grain size of the final poly-Si film and the slower the entire layer exchange process. It is further shown that the ...


The article presents the assessment results of erythrocyte aggregation, induced by alcian blue in 43 patients suffering from chronic recurrent infections (herpetic infections, furunculosis) during their remission. The dependence of the degree of aggregation was revealed on the frequency rate of relapses as well as duration of the disease.


We report the case of a child diagnosed with orofacial syndrome with dysfunctional voiding and elevated serum creatinine in whom augmentation gastrocystoplasty was performed to manage urinary incontinence. Keywords: augmentation gastrocystoplasty, dysfunctional voiding, orofacial syndrome


Two preliminary pilot phases of a peer-mediated social skills program—Stay, Play, and Talk—within inclusive early years settings in Ontario, Canada, investigated changes in observed social interactions and perceived social skills. In Phase 1, a single-subject AB design demonstrated increases in total social interaction units for two of three kindergarten participants during structured activities, and pre- and post-intervention educator ratings demonstrated small social skill increases with peers for all three participants. In Phase 2, pre- and post-intervention educator ratings for nine participants in a group design demonstrated increases in play interaction and disruption and decreases in play disconnection, with a large effect size for increases in play interaction. Findings suggest that program participation within structured settings may support social skills gains for children with social communication difficulties.


Analysis of a segment of conversation in which one participant repairs the broken‐off utterance of another indicates that utterance design and sequential placement play key roles in this accomplishment. The participants collaboratively produce a display of shared knowledge through the use of conversational practices that do not include explicit reference to, or even passing mention of, the item of knowledge. Knowledge shared by the participants is merely alluded to, but participants are able to access it using routine conversational practices. Context is argued to be an ongoing achievement of such practices of utterance design and sequential placement.


In current web services discovery lacks of semantic information,lead to low precision and recall.In this paper,a model of three-level Web services discovery is proposed.In this model,services were acquired by matchmaking based on basic information and similarity functions between the candidate services and request service and were acquired by rank of QoS of candidate services.This paper constructs a model based ontology,semantic similarity and QoS of web services which develops precision in discovery.


In recent years, the position of (post-)millennial girls and young women within the digital landscape of social media has proven to be a topic of much interest to a number of feminists, journalists and cultural commentators. On the one hand, girls' (social) media practices are presented as a key site of concern, wherein new digital technologies are said to have produced an intensification of individualized, neoliberal and post-feminist identities. At the same time, others have championed access to social media for young people as a revolutionary political tool, wherein previously marginalised political subjects (such as girls) can access and participate within new and exciting political cultures. This thesis offers an original contribution to these debates by locating itself at the intersection of these two approaches and examining the role of social media in the production of girls' cultural and political identities. I present my findings from focus groups carried out with girls (aged 12-18) in three urban locations in England. This data is organised around the three overriding themes of space, surveillance and visibility. Ultimately, the thesis argues that social media should be conceptualised as an important terrain upon which neoliberal and postfeminist subjectivities can be both reproduced and subverted.


The increasing economic, health-related and environmental crises faced by developing countries, along with a more inward turn among leading economies and increased attention being paid to the geopolitical dimensions of trade, technology and financial flows, raises the threat of a more fragmented global economy and challenges the integrity of the multilateral system. As a result, regional arrangements and their historically embedded identities, norms and values may play a more prominent role and shape distinct regional responses to crisis management and development pathways. Managing economic interdependence in such a polycentric world requires a more synergistic relationship between global institutions and regional arrangements. Supported by institutional structures such as the developmental State, this note details how open developmental regionalism may be the best approach to facilitating the management of the diverging interests and sensitivities of developing countries and developed countries, for a more inclusive and developmental governance.


Men, Women and Relationships—A Post-Jungian Approach This book offers Jungian perspectives on social constructions of gender difference and explores how these feed into adult ways of relating within male–female relationships. Phil Goss places this discussion within an archetypal context drawing on the fairy tale Jack and the Beanstalk to consider the deep tension in western culture between the transcendent masculine and the immanent feminine. Offering both developmental and socio-cultural frameworks, areas of discussion include: • the use of story and myth to understand gender • Jungian and post-Jungian approaches: updating anima/animus • working clinically with men and with women • the developmental pathways of gender difference • power relations between men and women in the home. Men, Women and Relationships—A Post-Jungian Approach will be a valuable resource for all those with an interest in analytical psychology, including psychotherapists, psychoanalysts and counsellors, as well as those in the broader fields of social work and education who have an interest in gender difference and identity. Phil Goss is a Jungian Analyst and a member of the Association of Jungian Analysts and the IAAP. He is also Senior Lecturer for Counselling and Psychotherapy at the University of Central Lancashire.


Coaches, athletic trainers (ATCs), and parents/guardians (parents) are important contributors to the proper identification and management of concussions in student‐athletes. However, there are limited studies on the identification of concussion knowledge gaps that will help inform educational efforts and improve concussion outcomes in these groups.


Turbine stages can be divided into two types: impulse stages and reaction stages. The advantages of one type over the second one are generally known based on the basic physics of turbine stage. In this paper these differences between mentioned two types of turbines were indicated on the example of single stage turbines dedicated to work in organic Rankine cycle (ORC) power systems. The turbines for two ORC cases were analysed: the plant generating up to 30 kW and up to 300 kW of net electric power, respectively. Mentioned ORC systems operate with different working fluids: DMC (dimethyl carbonate) for the 30 kW power plant and MM (hexamethyldisiloxane) for the 300 kW power plant. The turbines were compared according to three major issues: thermodynamic and aerodynamic performance, mechanical and manufacturing aspects. The analysis was performed by means of the 0D turbomachinery theory and 3D computational aerodynamic calculations. As a result of this analysis, the paper indicates conclusions which type of turbine is a recommended choice to use in ORC systems taking into account the features of these systems.


Acacia-ant mutualists in the genus Pseudomyrmex nest obligately in acacia plants and, through stable isotope analysis, we show that they are among the strictest of herbivores, feeding exclusively from their hosts. The diets of herbivorous insects such as these are often enriched by obligate bacterial endosymbionts through nitrogen recycling and even gaseous di-nitrogen fixation. We, therefore, examine the bacterial communities associated with mutualistic acacia-ants, comparing them with related non-mutualists in order to determine whether they host bacterial partners likely to contribute to the enrichment of their diets. However, despite their low trophic position, we find no evidence for bacteria-assisted nutrition in either adults or larvae. These acacia-ants do not host any species- or clade-specific bacteria, though several lineages of acetic acid bacteria present across social insects do differ in abundance between mutualists and non-mutualists, likely in response to the sugar-rich diets of their hosts. In addition, two novel lineages of Actinomycetales inhabit both mutualistic and non-mutualistic Pseudomyrmex and differ in abundance between the juveniles of these groups, potentially serving as defensive symbionts. Metagenomic sequencing of these taxa reveal substantial capacity for the production of defensive chemicals. Overall, we find little evidence for nutrition-associated bacteria in these strictly herbivorous ants, showing that bacteria are not as essential to animal nutrition as is often hypothesized.


ABSTRACT Monoterpenes emitted from trees play important roles in atmospheric chemistry through the formation of secondary organic aerosols and photochemical oxidants. Because monoterpene emissions from broad-leaved trees have rarely been studied in Japan, we measured the monoterpene emission rates of 20 Acer and 14 Fagaceae species. If a good correlation is found between the monoterpene precursor (geranyl diphosphate, GDP) content and monoterpene emission rate, the GDP content analysis in leaves may be an optional and simplified method to estimate monoterpene emission capacity of trees. To test this hypothesis, we investigated the relationship between GDP content in leaves and monoterpene emission rate of 13 tree species. Six Acer and 7 Fagaceae species were found to be monoterpene emitters. Although all of the measured trees contained GDP in their leaves, the presence or absence of monoterpene emissions was different for different species. Among the monoterpene emitters, no clear relationship was found between the basal emission rate (temperature: 30°C, photosynthetic photon flux density: 1000 μmol m−2 s−1) and GDP content. The ratio of the basal emission rate to GDP content differed between tree species. Our study demonstrated that the GDP content did not relate to the presence or absence of monoterpene production and its emission rate. We suggest that the activity or expression of monoterpene synthase may affect monoterpene emissions from Acer and Fagaceae species.


Parenting programs in high-income countries have been shown to reduce the risk of child maltreatment. However, there is limited evidence of their effectiveness in low- and middle-income countries. The objective of this study was to examine the initial effects of a parenting program in reducing the risk of child maltreatment in Cape Town, South Africa. Low-income parents ( N = 68) with children aged three to eight years were randomly allocated to either a group-based parenting program or a wait-list control group. Assessments were taken at baseline and at immediate post-test after the intervention was delivered. Primary outcomes were parent-report and observational assessments of harsh parenting, positive parenting, and child behavior problems. Secondary outcomes were parent-report assessments of parental depression, parenting stress, and social support. Results indicated moderate treatment effects for increased frequency of parent-report of positive parenting and observational assessments of child-led play. There were also potentially clinically relevant though non-significant treatment effects for reduced frequency of reported child behaviour problems, increased frequency of reported perceived social support, and reduced frequency of observed negative parenting. Observational assessments also found moderate treatment effects for less frequent positive child behavior and clinically relevant though non-significant effects of more frequent negative child behaviour. Results suggest preliminary intervention effectiveness in reducing the risk of child maltreatment by improving positive parenting behavior in highly vulnerable families in low-resource communities. Further development is required to strengthen program components regarding child behavior management. Future research would benefit from a larger trial with sufficient power to determine program effectiveness.


The coarse granular aggregates equipped the state-depended characters is a kind of cohesiveless granular materials,of which stress-strain relationship depends on the density and stress level.The coarse granular aggregate is fragile,which is another character of it.Particle breakage of coarse granular aggregates modifies its structure directly,influencing its dilatancy,friction angle,strength and permeability.In order to accurately describe stress-strain relationship of coarse granular aggregates,the initial state parameter is applied to represent the interior state of the soil.The stress-strain relationship incorporating particle breakage energy is established according to triaxial test results,on which the dilatancy unified constitutive model of coarse granular aggregates is developed with associated plastic flow rule.The relationship between parameters of the current model and initial state parameter is developed.The unified constitutive model is developed,which incorporates not only the particle breakage influence exerting on dilatancy and friction angle,but also the dependence of stress-strain relationship on initial state.The parameters of model are determined by mutation particle swarm optimization algorithm,on which the triaxial test results are well simulated.The simulations are applied according to presumed initial state with the parameters determined above;the result indicates that the current model could simulate the transformation of coarse granular aggregates at various initial densities and stress levels.


Members of a family of N -arylsulfonyl hydrazones have been identified as novel inhibitors of IMP-1, a metallo- (cid:1) -lactamase of increasing prevalence. Structure-activity relationship studies have indicated a requirement for bulky aromatic substituents on each side of the sulfonyl hydrazone backbone for these compounds to serve as efficient inhibitors of IMP-1. Molecular modeling has provided insight into the structural basis for the anti-metallo- (cid:1) -lactamase activity exhibited by this class of compounds. The ever-increasing incidence of microbial resistance to (cid:2) -lactam antibiotics has been traced, in a large number of instances, to the ability of the organisms to produce (cid:2) -lacta-mases, enzymes capable of deactivating these antibiotics by hydrolysis (16, 22, 28). Consequently, there is a considerable interest in the development of (cid:2) -lactamase inhibitors that would allow for the continued use of (cid:2) -lactam antibiotics in clinical therapy. To date, four distinct classes, designated A, B, C, and D, of (cid:2) -lactamases Metallo- (cid:1) -lactamase assays. A spectrophotometric method based on the use of a chromophoric substrate, nitrocefin (27), was used for the measurement of (cid:2) -lactamase activity with the aid of a Cary5 spectrophotometer (Varian, Missis-sauga, Ontario, Canada). All performed HEPES buffer (50 mM, pH 7.3) at The procedure involved the preparation of following solutions: (i) nitrocefin (2 mM) in HEPES buffer (50 mM, pH 7.3) containing dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (5% [vol/vol]) and (ii) metallo- (cid:2) -lactamase (400 nM) in HEPES buffer containing (100 (cid:6) M) and (BSA) stock (cid:2) -lactamase denaturation at protein for a reliable and reproducible assessment of the initial rate of enzyme-catalyzed hydrolysis of its substrate, observations in agreement with At the low concentration (1 (cid:6) g/ml) in the assay, BSA no detectable interaction with the product of nitrocefin hydrolysis. the degree of inhibition was not significantly influenced by the presence of BSA up to a concentration, in the assay, of at least 20 (cid:6) g/ml. In a typical assay (final volume, 1 ml), metallo- (cid:2) -lactamase (4 nM) in HEPES allowed to equilibrate at 30°C for 1 min. The reaction was initiated by the introduction of the substrate (100 (cid:6) M for IMP-1 and 200 (cid:6) M for BcII), and the increase in the absorbance at 482 nm was recorded. For determination of the concentration required to effect 50% inhibition of enzyme activity (IC 50 ), the enzyme was preincubated with the desired compound for 1 min at 30°C prior to the initiation of the assay by the addition of the substrate. The compounds to be tested were dissolved in DMSO prior to incu- bation with the enzyme, with the final concentration of DMSO in the assay not exceeding 1% (vol/vol). IC 50 s were deduced from a plot of percent loss of activity versus inhibitor concentration. The precision of these determinations was within the range of (cid:4) 10%. of steady-state kinetic constants. Estimates of steady-state kinetic parameters for the hydrolysis of nitrocefin ( K m and k cat ) were achieved by fitting the initial velocity data to the Michaelis-Menten equation software


Description Supercomputing and accelerator centers struggle with surging gas and electricity prices Supercomputing and accelerator centers struggle with surging gas and electricity prices


Within higher education, the need for campuses to become more inclusive of diversity has often been articulated (Levine & Cureton, 1992). However, the ability of higher education to provide appropriate and meaningful educational programs and services to students of color and other underrepresented and underserved populations has been challenged for at least the past 3 decades (Adolphus, 1984; Cheatham, 1991; Stabb, Harris, & Talley, 1995; Wright, 1987). A sentiment that appears to be spreading among student affairs professionals is that "it is the collective responsibility of student affairs professionals to respond more effectively and knowledgeably to diverse student groups on college campuses" (McEwen & Roper, 1994, p. 49). Yet many student affairs graduate students and professionals have received little or no training on multicultural issues (Fried & Forrest, 1993; Hoover, 1994; McEwen & Roper, 1994; Talbot, 1992, 1996, 1997). The growing complexity of multicultural dynamics at many institutions dictate that student affairs professionals be prepared to both address multicultural issues and acquire the skills necessary to work effectively with culturally diverse populations (Ebbers & Henry, 1990; Pope & Reynolds, 1997; Talbot, 1996; Wright, 1987). Despite the growing interest in multicultural issues and the increasing need for student affairs professionals to have certain skills to effectively address these issues, very few studies have specifically identified and addressed which multicultural competencies are necessary for effective and ethical practice in higher education. Although some authors within the field of student affairs have generally acknowledged the need for concrete and specific multicultural skills (Barr & Associates, 1993; Pope & Reynolds, 1997), only Pope and Reynolds have identified what may constitute specific multicultural competencies for student affairs professionals. Furthermore, in the student affairs literature, researchers have not developed psychometrically sound and conceptually anchored instrumentation for evaluating multicultural awareness, knowledge, or skills. Therefore, the purpose of this manuscript is to describe the development and initial validation efforts of the Multicultural Competence in Student Affairs–Preliminary 2 (MCSA-P2) assessment instrument. The authors undertook two coordinated and systematic studies designed to develop the MCSA-P2 and gather initial assessments of the instrument's reliability, validity, and utility. Study 1 was the development of an earlier version of the instrument (the MCSA-P1) and the examination of its internal consistency and factor structure. In Study 2, the focus was on assessing the convergent validity of the MCSA-P2 and testing its potential social desirability contamination.


This self-observation report aims to investigate the translanguaging practices of teacher-students' interactions in multilingual classrooms in an International Islamic Boarding School (henceforth: Pesantren). Since Pesantren is a multilingual and multicultural melting pot for Islam-based character building, it is necessary for English teachers in Pesantren to consider some relevant teaching approaches that merit to the needs of multilingual classrooms. Through extensive navigation, we found that translanguaging is one of referred teaching approaches that can accommodate the needs of learning English in multilingual context. However, empirical findings using translanguaging approach in Pesantren is found rare so far.  Thus, this study is focused on the use of translanguaging to facilitate English vocabulary learning in a multilingual context. This self-observational report describes the first author's teaching description about her teaching practices in a Pesantren classroom. She recorded her face-to-face interaction when explaining the meaning and the functions of English vocabularies. She also documented the lesson plans, learning materials, and students' work to complete the self-observational report. The data were then coded and analyzed with theory-driven thematic analysis. This report found that translanguaging practices that she did were code-switching and code-mixing. When the teacher practiced translanguaging, the students tended to be able to use their L1 (Bahasa Indonesia) and L2 (Arabic) as linguistic resources to learn L3 (English).


Summary This paper describes an investigation of the ductility characteristics of solidifying weld metal by external restraint solidification cracking tests, i.e. the Trans‐Varestraint test and slow‐bending Trans‐Vares‐traint test. The minimum augmented strain necessary for crack initiation (?min), brittleness temperature range (BTR), and critical strain rate for temperature drop (CST) are selected from the ductility characteristics as criteria for evaluation of the weld solidification cracking susceptibility. The solidification cracking susceptibility of 16 types of 1000–7000 series commercial aluminium alloys is also qualitatively evaluated by self‐restraint solidification cracking tests, i.e. the ring casting test, GTAW crater test, Houldcroft test, and fan‐shaped test. The grain size of the weld metal, the dihedral angle of eutectic products at the grain boundaries and the amount of eutectic products are also measured as metallurgical factors. The correlation between the results obtained in the self‐r...


In a sector that is seeing unprecedented levels of activity, the opportunity to assess skill sets to take an integrated approach to subsea system design can be challenging. Contracting strategies that compartmentalise engineering scopes at any stage of the project lifecycle also require a high level of interface and project management. An informed methodology ensures a holistic approach to subsea design and interfaces is undertaken. Many challenges to subsea design are influenced by other disciplines such as reservoir, production technology, process, flow assurance and facilities engineering. Traditionally these considerations are outside of subsea engineering scopes and are controlled at the next level in the supply chain, or within other designers or contractors. This paper considers not only the regional challenges to pipeline and riser design in the Australian region, but also how the inclusion of an integrated approach encompassing multi-disciplined teams allows a more informed outcome. Using these highly skilled teams, this approach can: • Reduce interface management requirements; • Reduce design cycles; • Create optimised solutions within a shorter timescale. This has the potential to reduce overall CAPEX and OPEX costs by identifying value and reducing uncertainties in key areas. This adds significant value in the current climate of extended procurement lead times and resource constraints. Examples of current projects demonstrating how this approach can be applied in concept selection through to detailed design are described. Practical examples of how the possible design outcomes have been assessed using this approach are detailed. Considerations of how key factors such as subsurface, field layout, architecture, materials selection, operability, construction and HSE influence pipeline and riser design are also discussed.Copyright © 2008 by Xodus Group Pty Ltd