Shofar ♦ An Interdisciplinary Journal of Jewish Studies of that has looked at this aspect of the reception of Chronicles in classical Judaism. Part Six brings us to the early modern period and such forward-thinking biblical critics as Azariah de'Rossi, Uriel da Costa, and Baruch Spinoza. One would expect this would be a fruitful period for Chronicle studies because it presents both a history and a counter-history (in comparison to SamuelKings) of Biblical Israel. In fact, according to the findings of Kalimi, this period disappoints. Nothing particularly new emerges from these thinkers' consideration of the Chronicles text. The revival of interest in the book that we glimpsed in the Middle Ages slips away, and Chronicles falls back into its general obscurity. Overall, this book offers the scholar access to a wide array of Judaic literature pertaining to the study and understanding of the Chronicles. What is clear is that throughout the millennia, Jewish authorities have been aware of Chronicles as part of Scripture and have treated it accordingly, sometimes as more relevant and sometimes as less, but as scriptural nonetheless. Kalimi has had the insight to understand that because of its scriptural nature, the Book of Chronicles (it was treated as a single book in the Jewish tradition) had an interpretative history of its own which has never been recognized, let alone traced. In bringing this comprehensive history of the reception and interpretation of Chronicles together under one cover, Kalimi has given us an insight into this up to now obscured thread in Jewish religious literature. Peter J. Haas Case Western Reserve University


An extra-hard tool containing about 13 millicurie/g of the radioactive W/ sup 187/ was used for determining the useful service life and the machining ability of the material. The tests were carried out by determining the radioactivity of shavings of the test pieces on the basis of which a correlation could be established between abrasion and service life of the tool. The method was found to be very effective and presented the advantage that it required only one-tenth of the usual testing time and reduced the material requirements by a factor of about 20 to 50. (TTT)


Castro's Socialist Revolution in Cuba brought about changes in the Cuban healthcare system that previously had been a bastion for the wealthy and elite. Elite healthcare was top notch, while the underclass suffered from poor medical care, resulting in an infant mortality rate of 60 per 1000, a general mortality rate of 6.4 per 1000, and life expectancy of 65.1 years.1 With the revolution came a guarantee of healthcare for all Cuban citizens, which was subsequently codified into the constitution of 1972. Cuba has since maintained the reputation of having one of the best healthcare systems in the world, despite its general lack of resources. With the healthcare obligation embedded in the constitution, how are Cubans currently faring with their healthcare? Could the United States, a country with substantially more resources, enact the same guarantee into its legal regime and produce better outcomes for patients? This paper argues that while the ACA personal mandate for insurance is a push towards collectivism, socialized medicine is still a far way off. Additionally, it seems that socialized healthcare in Cuba may not be as effective as we may be lead to believe.


Isolate of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus in Guinea Fowls. Acta vet. Bmo, 58, 1989:91-96. Five weeks old guinea fowls were inoculated intraocularly with a 20% bursal suspension containing a local Nigerian isolate of infectious burfa! disease virus (IBDV) which had a bursal lesion titre of 10· per 0.5 mI. No clinical signs were observed. Gross lesions were absent and microscopic lesions were not found in the bursa, spleen and kidney on days 3 and 5 post infection (PI). IBDV antigen was not detected in the bursa. Tests for IBDV precipitins in serum samples obtained on day 14 PI were also negative. IBDV, Guinea fowl, experimental infection. Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is mainly a disease of domestic fowl


I would like to say a few words about what has come to be called "the biolinguistic perspective," which began to take shape half a century ago in discussions among a few graduate students who were much influenced by developments in biology and mathematics in the early postwar years, including work in ethology that was just coming to be known in the United States. One of them was Eric Lenneberg, whose seminal 1967 study Biological Foundations of Language remains a basic document of the field. By then considerable interchange was proceeding, including interdisciplinary seminars and international conferences. The most far-reaching one, in 1974, was called, for the first time, "Biolinguistics." Many of the leading questions discussed there remain very much alive today. One of these questions, repeatedly brought up as "one of the basic questions to be asked from the biological point of view," is the extent to which apparent principles of language, including some that had only recently come to light, are unique to this cognitive system. An even more basic question from the biological point of view is how much of language can be given a principled explanation, whether or not homologous elements can be found in other domains or organisms. The effort to sharpen these questions and to investigate them for language has come to be called "the minimalist program" in recent years, but the questions arise for any biological system, and are independent of theoretical persuasion, in linguistics and other domains.


The use of oat, wheat, and triticale in crop-livestock integration system presupposes adequate grazing to permit the recovery of biomass for the direct seeding, without interfering with the productivity of soybean crop in succession. The objective of this study was to investigate the residual straw of oat IPR 126, wheat BRS Taruma and triticale IPR 111, submitted or not to one and two grazings and the effects on the agronomic characteristics and grain yield of soybean in the growing seasons 2012/2013 and 2013/2014. The experiment was conduced using an experimental design with randomized block in a split block scheme, and four replications. In the treatment with a grazing with 0.15 m residue height, crops provide adequate production of biomass for direct seeding, with no difference in the residual straw in years with adequate rainfall, notwithstanding, in years with water deficit, oat culture produces higher residual straw. The previous winter crops and their managements do not interfere with plant population, thousand-grain weight and grain yield of the soybean.


Received: 5 April 2021 Accepted: 11 June 2021 Pressure vessels are highly used in industries and in commercial purposes such as filtration, boiling, softening and hot water storage tanks. Pressure vessels are subjected to thermal loads and structural loads such as internal and external pressures which leads to its deformation. Present work focusses on the modeling of the pressure vessel according to standard dimensions using CREO 6.0 and analyzing it for three different materials and different pressure values using finite element approach. The materials considered in this study for the fabrication of pressure vessel are carbon steel, stainless steel, and titanium alloy. The finite element analysis results have been presented in graphical form. Results indicated that, titanium alloy is able to withstand high stresses and exhibited high factor of safety of 4.10. And among the steels, stainless steel demonstrated low structural performance.


The membrane filtration method was applied to sterility testing of group A and C meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine.The results showed that the membrane filtration method is of advantage that easy to operate,low contamination,the excellent accuracy and reproducibility.This method is suitable for the sterility testing of group A and C meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine.


The development prospect of the piezoelectric harvesters mostly subject to its operation bandwidth. This paper reports a piezoelectric energy harvester with the material of the AlN with a broadband of 37 Hz (743 Hz-780 Hz) through the simple method of mechanical limiter. The broadband harvester was packaged by a novel method of wafer-level vacuum packaging which employs two times of eutectic Al-Ge bonding to bond the layers of device wafer, the top wafer and the bottom wafer. And the peak-peak open-circuit output voltage is about 10 V, and an output density is $342.87\ \mu \mathrm{W}/\text{cm}^{2}$ with the size of $0.6\times 1\ \text{cm}^{2}$. Furthermore, the reported energy harvester is hopeful applied in powering wireless sensor nodes with a wideband vibration frequencies.


Existence and uniqueness of solutions to a second order nonlinear nonlocal hyperbolic equation fully nonlinear programming problems with closed range operators internal stabilization of the diffusion equation flow-invariant sets with respect to Navier-Stokes equation numerical approximation of the Ricatti equation via fractional steps method asymptotic analysis of the telegraph system with nonlinear boundary conditions global existence for a class of dispersive equations viable domains for differential equations governed by caratheodory perturbations of nonlinear m-accretive operators almost periodic solutions to neural functional equations the one-dimensional wave equation with Wentzell boundary conditions on the longterm behaviour of a parabolic phase-field model with memory on the Kato classes of distributions and BMO-classes the global solution set for a class of semilinear problems optimal control and algebraic Ricatti equations under singular estimates for eAtB in the absence of analyticity the stable case solving identification problems for the wave equation by optimal control methods singular perturbations and approximations for integrodifferential equations remarks on impulse control problems for the stochastic Navier-Stokes equations recent progress on the Lavrentiev phenomenon, with applications abstract eigenvalue problem for monotone operators and applications to differential operators implied volatility for American options via optimal control and fast numerical solutions of obstacle problems first order necessary conditions of optimality for semilinear optimal control problems Lyapunov equation and the stability of nonautonomous evolution equations in Hilbert spaces least action for N-body problems with quasihomogeneous potentials.


This research is based on the results of observations and experiences of researchers, that cognitive ability in compiling patterns is still low. The use of natural material media will be more fun for children in compiling patterns, because natural material media are very interesting for children. Based on this background, the problems studied were formulated, namely: "Can using natural material media develop the ability to compose patterns in fourth grade students?". This study uses a Classroom Action Research (CAR) approach with a sample of fourth-grade students in an elementary school in the city of Mataram. This research was conducted in three cycles, using an assessment instrument in the form of sheets of the ability to compose patterns with natural materials media and teacher observation sheets. The results of this study, namely the media of natural materials proved successful and able to develop the ability to compose patterns in fourth-grade elementary school students. This can be seen from the results of data analysis on the use of natural media in the first cycle reaching 58.34%, the second cycle 70.84%, and the third cycle 87.50%. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the act of learning through the use of natural media can develop the ability to compose patterns in fourth-grade students in elementary schools.


This paper presents data and analysis of the measurements from earth pressure cells installed to measure vertical pressures in two trenches during the installation of a vitrified clay pipe (VCP) embedded in Class 5 material (concrete). The trench walls above the Class 5 embedment were temporarily supported with steel plates and hydraulic struts. The installed earth pressure cells measured the vertical pressures induced during the placement of Controlled Low-Strength Material (CLSM) backfill and under subsequent traffic loads. Vertical pressures induced on the top of the concrete-encased pipe by the CLSM backfill were continuously recorded during various stages of trench completion. The measured vertical pressures demonstrate that arching developed between the CLSM and the steel trench plates as the trench was being backfilled. Upon removal of the trench plates, substantial increases in vertical pressures, approximately corresponding to the full unit weight of the slurry, were measured indicating that a complete loss of arching occurred because of the trench plate removal. The combination of loss of arching, high stiffness, and extending the CLSM up to the base of the pavement system causes a significant increase in the loads imparted onto the pipeline from traffic loads. When slurry backfill is used, care must be exercised in estimating pipe loads and developing the construction sequence, particularly the timing of trench plate removal. Additionally, provisions such as placing compacted granular backfill in the upper few feet of the trench, below the pavement system, would likely be helpful in mitigating the magnitude of traffic loads imparted to the top of the pipe.


This article assesses the apparent effect of political multiculturalism on tolerance of Muslim accommodation among native-born majority members. Our principle goal is in understanding how public opinion on religious accommodation varies as a function of both federal multicultural policy, on one hand, and more deeply rooted notions of political culture, on the other. We do so by examining responses to a pair of survey experiments embedded in surveys conducted in Canada and the United States. The experiments allow us to convincingly demonstrate "Muslim exceptionalism." Contextual comparisons across multicultural policy regimes (Canada and the United States) and within them but across distinct political cultures (Quebec vs. English Canada) lend credence to a fairly subdued role for policy and a much larger one for political culture. These effects are, we argue and show, strongly moderated by support for multiculturalism at the individual-level. communication studies political science, and Political Studies His research focuses on political communication, the sources and/or structure of public preferences for policy, and the relationships between public policy, public opinion, and mass media. His most recent book is Negativity in Democratic Politics (Cambridge University Press).


The paper elucidated and summarized some important basic theoretical research of metamorphic mechanism on the concept,the freedom,the composite,configuration changes and hange-state mode of metamorphic mechanism.Highlights the variable nature of metamorphic mechanisms and several confusing common mechanism,analyzed and compared two matrix calculus′ methods of configuration transformation,the paper discssed the application areas and prospects of metamorphic mechanisms.


Nurses' unions last week demanded above-inflation pay rises for all staff and condemned local pay deals as 'blind alleys' in their evidence for next year's settlement.


Abstract Learning a new foreign language using the data highway can be a rewarding experience for children and teachers. The article looks at three major projects linking schools worldwide, and its considerable effect on English teaching.


In 21st century,facing the new situation with the market competition intensifying,the change from market competition to the technical competition and China's access to WTO,Huzhou's small and medium-sized enterprises appear the contradictory with their quality and structure,which is increasingly obvious,and therefore,it is an important subject in the aspect of accelerating Huzhou's economic growth and realizing its great-leap-forward development to study on how to improve the development,the ability and the competitive force of technological innovation in the enterprises.This paper has analyzed the problems existent in the process of technological innovation,and on the basis of it,put forward the countermeasures to strengthen the technological innovation from both standpoints of the enterprises and the government respectively in order to enlighten Huzhou's small and medium-sized enterprises on the technological innovation.


The author of "The Ls Spring and Autumn Annals " obeyed the thought for people of the Confucian School and great love-al harmony concept of the Monist School,considered that the key to administering a country is to accept talented persons,that is,to choose and use talented personnel.For this purpose,a series of such standards as examination and courteous reception for appointing talented persons were worked out.It was required that the Monarch had to have lofty morality,and to have skill to administer.


Technology of knowledge management plays an important role in ship collaborative design.The characteristics of knowledge management system which supports the collaborative design was analyzed.Aiming at the requirements and features of knowledge in ship collaborative design for designer,a framework of knowledge management system based on SOA was built.The ontology domain model of design knowledge was introduced,which consists of description,attribute set,case set and relation set of the ontology.Then the solutions to knowledge share and knowledge retrieval were proposed.At last,a tentative knowledge management system based on.Net platform was developed.The application results show that the system provides a new idea for ship collaborative design.


A scoping study of a symmetrically illuminated ICF tritium production facility utilizing a KrF laser is presented. A single shell ICF target is illuminated by 92 beams symmetrically distributed around a spherical cavity filled with xenon gas at 1.0 torr. The driver energy and target gain are taken to be 2 MJ and 50 for the optimistic case and 1 MJ and 100 for the conservative case. Based on a graphite dry wall evaporation rate of 0.1 cm/y for a 100 MJ yield, we estimate a cavity radius of 3.5 m for a rep-rate of 10 Hz and 3.0 m for 5 Hz. A spherical structural frame has been scoped out capable of supporting 92 blanket modules, each with a beam port in the center. We have selected liquid lithium in vanadium structure as the primary breeding concept utilizing beryllium as a neutron multiplier. A tritium breeding ratio of 1.83 can be achieved in the 3 m radius cavity which at 10 Hz and an availability of 75% provides an annual tritium surplus of 32.6 kg. Assuming 100% debt financing over a 30 year reactor lifetime, the production cost of T2 for the 2 MJ driver case is $7,325/g for a 5% interest rate and $12,370/g for a 10% interest rate.


In this paper it is argued that the notion of market-based corporate governance approach should be broadened to include the problem of owner-controlled firms and large block-holders and should be generalized to a model of multilateral negotiations and influence-seeking among a number of different stakeholders. In practice such a model should incorporate checks and balances between various stakeholders and outside constraints and must take into account how the political and legal system of a country affects this balance. In fact, even if there is theoretical reason to believe that ownership with its incumbent benefits and costs belongs to equity, this view is not dominant in most economies outside United Kingdom and United States of America. The broader notion of corporate governance offers hope for understanding better the developing economies in particular - and other economies in general - where anonymous stock markets are not likely to promote the necessary entrepreneurial activity and corporate restructuring. It suggests that other mechanisms, such as product market competition, peer pressure, or labor market activity, may compensate for this weakness, or more realistically, may be more promising targets for legal or political reform than the stock market.


EDRS PRICE MF01/PC04 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Blacks; Census Figures; Child Health; Community Action; Comparative Analysis; *Disadvantaged Youth; *Economically Disadvantaged; Educational Trends; Elementary Secondary Education; Employment; Family Income; Family Structure; Foster Care; Housing; Infant Mortality; *Minority Group Children; Population Trends; Statistical Data; Tables (Data); Trend Analysis IDENTIFIERS *African Americans; *Kentucky


In this paper I am going to present the position of women and how crime against women take place. And how, in this era of globalization, criminal justice system & maintaining law and order. How women feel safe and secure from the crime like rape, abduction, kidnapping, Murder, eve-teasing and forcing wife/daughter-in-law to go for feticide. These are the issues which affect a large section of society even in Indian society where women occupies a vital position and venerable place whom Vedas glorified as the Mother, the creator, one who gives life and worshipped her as a 'Devi; or Goddess. Women found herself totally suppressed and subjugated in a patriarchal society. Indian women through the countries remained subjugated and oppressed because society believed in clinging on to orthodox beliefs for the burnt of violence, domestic as well as public, physical, emotional and mental. In present, women are now to safe and always a kind of threat feelings generated among women that in the present scenario they can be easily victimized from any nook and corner of the society.


In vitro induction of terminal differentiation produces morphological changes and an irreversible block in G1 phase of the cell cycle. A human Non Small Cell Lung Carcinoma cell line (Roussakis et al., 1991; Siavoshian et al., 1998) was treated in vitro with a terminal differentiation inducer, VT1. This novel synthetic substance was shown to induce growth and cell cycle arrest in G1 phase (unpublished data) and a decrease in expression of the MDR1 (Multi Drug Resistance) gene (Bösch et al., submitted). Differentially expressed genes were detected by using the differential display strategy. DNA sequencing was performed to identify one of the identified cDNAs as the SDCCAG1 gene, previously named NY-CO-1. This gene codes for a novel human antigen recently identified by the immunoscreening of colon cancer cDNA expression libraries with autologous sera (Scanlan et al., 1998). Analysis of the deduced amino acid sequence indicated the presence of a nuclear targeting signal. Although the function of this gene remains to be elucidated, it is tempting to speculate that SDCCAG1 codes for a nuclear protein that may function as a tumor suppressor gene. Materials and methods


Producing reusable C++ class libraries takes more than just knowing the language: it requires careful design. This tutorial shows how to create truly reusable C++ class libraries. It includes how t...


Background  Regional and ethnic (racial) differences in skin properties are well known. However, regional and racial studies are limited and have studied skin properties using an insufficient number of subjects and limited ethnic groups, except in the case of some recent studies.


BACKGROUND
Two deep-learning image reconstruction (DLIR) techniques from two different CT vendors have recently been introduced into clinical practice.

PURPOSE
To characterize the noise properties of two DLIR techniques with different training methods, using a phantom containing a simple uniform and a complex non-uniform region.

METHODS
A water-bath phantom with a diameter of 300 mm was used as a base phantom. A textured phantom with a diameter of 128 mm, which was made of two materials, one equivalent to water and the other being 12 mg/mL diluted iodine, irregularly mixed to create a complex texture (non-uniform region), was placed in the base phantom. Thirty repeated phantom scans were performed using two CT scanners (GE, Revolution CT with Apex Edition; Canon, Aquilion One PRISM Edition) at two dose levels (CTDI: 5 and 15 mGy). Images were reconstructed with each CT system's filtered back projection (FBP) and DLIR [GE, TrueFidelity (TF); Canon, Advanced intelligent Clear-IQ Engine Body Sharp (AC)] for three process strengths. For basic characteristics of noise, the standard deviation (SD) and noise power spectrum (NPS) were measured for the uniform (water) region. A noise magnitude map was generated by calculating the inter-image SD at each pixel position across the 30 images. Then, a noise reduction map (NRM), which visualizes the relative differences in noise magnitude between FBP and DLIR, was calculated. The NRM values ranged from 0.0 to 1.0. A low NRM value represents a less aggressive noise reduction. The histograms of the NRM value were analyzed for the uniform and non-uniform regions.

RESULTS
The reduction in noise magnitude compared with FBP tended to be greater with AC (45%-85%) than with TF (32%-65%). The average NPS frequencies of TF and AC were almost comparable to those of FBP, except for the low-dose condition and the high noise reduction strength for AC. The NRM values of TF and AC were higher in the uniform region than in the non-uniform region. In the non-uniform region, TF's average NRM values (0.21-0.48) tended to be lower than AC's (0.39-0.78). The histograms for TF showed a small overlap between the uniform and the non-uniform regions; in contrast, those for AC showed a greater overlap. This difference seems to indicate that TF processes the uniform and non-uniform regions more differently than AC does.

CONCLUSION
This study has revealed a distinct difference in characteristics between the two DLIR techniques: TF tends to offer less aggressive noise reduction in non-uniform regions and preserve the original signals, whereas AC tends to prioritize noise filtering over edge-preservation, especially at the low-dose condition and with the high noise reduction strength. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


Erythrokeratodermia variabilis et figurata is a rare genodermatosis inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion with nearly complete penetrance, but considerable individual, intra- and interfamilial variability. The hallmark of this disease is the coexistence of stable hyperkeratosis and transient erythematous patches. They usually manifest within the first year of life. The gene defect for this disease was mentioned first in 1998.


The (marginal) risk contribution is very useful for analyzing the concentration risk in a portfolio. However, it is difficult to estimate the risk contributions for value-at-risk (VaR) and expected shortfall (ES) precisely, especially using a Monte Carlo simulation. We applied a saddlepoint approximation to estimate the distribution function, so that the difficulty of estimating the risk contributions for VaR was dissolved. In this paper, we propose new estimation methods for ES and the risk contributions for ES based on the conditional independence and a saddlepoint approximation. Numerical studies confirm that these new methods are much better than existing ones.


Abstract We tested whether contamination of avian blood by the parasite Haemoproteus could cause the amplification of false positive genetic markers generated by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). DNA was extracted from blood taken from five Rock Doves (Columba livia) infected with Haemoproteus, and one uninfected control individual. A drug treatment was administered to clear the infection, and a second DNA sample extracted. The parasitized and unparasitized DNA samples were used in RAPD reactions with 20 different 10-nucleotide primers, which produced 178 well-resolved markers. In no case were any of the reaction products specific to the parasitized samples, and in almost all cases the products were found consistently across all replications of infected and non-infected samples. The high ratio of avian to parasite DNA and the greater genome complexity of the host probably prevents the amplification of markers unique to parasite species such as Haemoproteus.


As one core of the Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA), Guangdong is facing some serious coastal environmental problems. Fungi are more vulnerable to changes in coastal environments than bacteria and archaea. This study investigated the fungal diversity and composition by high-throughput sequencing and detected basic parameters of seven environmental factors (temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, salinity, total organic carbon, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus) at 11 sites. A total of 2056 fungal operational taxonomic units (OTUs) belonging to 147 genera in 6 phyla were recovered; Archaeorhizomyces (17.5%) and Aspergillus (14.19%) were the most dominant genera. Interestingly, a total of 14 genera represented the first reports of coastal fungi in this study. Furthermore, there were nine genera of fungi that were significantly correlated with environmental factors. FUNGuild analysis indicated that saprotrophs and pathogens were the two trophic types with the highest proportions. Saprotrophs were significantly correlated with total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP), while pathogens were significantly correlated with pH. This study provides new scientific data for the study of the diversity and composition of fungal communities in coastal ecosystems.


Purpose

This paper aims to extend the known boundary conditions of the negative binomial distribution (NBD) model, and to test the applicability of conditional trend analysis (CTA) – a key method to identify whether changes in overall sales are accounted for by previous non-buyers, light buyers or heavy buyers – in industrial purchasing situations.

Design/methodology/approach

The study tested the NBD model and CTA in an industrial marketing context using a 12-month data set of purchases from an Australian supplier of a range of industrial plastic resins.

Findings

The purchase data displayed a good NBD fit; the study therefore extends the known boundary conditions of the model. The application of CTA provided second-period purchasing frequency estimates showing no significant difference from actual data, indicating the applicability of this method to industrial purchasing.

Research limitations/implications

Data relate to just one supplier. Further research across several industries is required to confirm the generalizability and robustness of NBD and CTA to industrial markets.

Practical implications

Marketing decisions can be improved through appropriate analysis of customer purchasing data. However, without access to equivalent competitor data, industrial marketers are constrained in benchmarking the purchasing patterns of their own customers. The results indicate that use of the NBD model enables valid benchmarking for industrial products, while CTA would enable appropriate analysis of purchases by different classes of customer.

Originality/value

This paper extends the known boundary conditions of the NBD model and provides the first published results, indicating the appropriateness of CTA to predict purchasing frequencies of different industrial customer classes.


The effect of uniform through-thickness energy deposition on the thermal-mechanical response of several structural materials is evaluated. Expressions used for determining temperature distributions under moderate deposition rates are presented. Temperature histories of aluminum, titanium, and graphite-epoxy panels subject to electron beam irradiation are compared with analytical results to assess the validity of the methods used. Dynamic material response under extreme deposition rates are developed for instantaneous and finite pulse deposition. Expressions for determining the regime of dominant thermal or dynamic response are given as a function of total energy and energy deposition rate. 11 references.


We describe the Density Matrix Renormalization Group algorithms for time dependent and time independent Hamiltonians. This paper is a brief but comprehensive introduction to the subject for anyone willing to enter in the field or write the program source code from scratch. An open source version of the code can be found at: http://qti.sns.it/dmrg/phome.html .


ABSTRACT Demand Responsive Connectors (DRCs) have become a more general-purpose flexible transit service that caters to patrons' personal needs. The traditional DRC operation, however, suffers from low efficiency due to excessive detours and incurs diseconomies of scale with respect to the demand and service area. To tackle this issue, we propose a novel DRC fed by shared bikes, which functions as an access/egress mode for certain request points. Analytical models are derived for the joint design of such a hybrid system. A mixed-integer non-linear programme is established to minimise the total system cost. A heuristic solution algorithm is developed by combining the simulated annealing and branch-and-bound algorithms. A series of numerical cases are designed to evaluate the proposed system's performance against the traditional ones. The results demonstrate that the introduction of shared bikes can reduce the DRC tour length and consequently save total system costs.


Introduction: Our study has aimed to assess extra- capsular neck femur fractures and mainly on compar- ing three different modalities of treatment that were used in our patient group namely proximal femur nail, dynamic hip screw and Ender's nail. Materials and methods: 82 patients from May 2012-13 having extra-capsular proximal femur fractures. 76 patients were operated using any of the three modalities. Cases were followed and evaluated at 6 weeks interval for 6 months, the results were evaluated and recorded radiologically and functionally as per criteria's laid down by Harris hip score. The study comprises of data of sixty patients which followed up for 6 months, rest of the patients were lost to attrition. Results: We found that in type III and type IV inter-trochantric and sub-trochantric fractures proximal femoral nail implants have better results as compared to others (Dynamic Hip Screw & Ender's nail). Weight bearing was earliest in those patients operated with proximal femur nail, optimal range of motion of hip, cross leg sitting and higher harris hip scores were seen in cases of proximal femur nails and were least in those of Ender's nails. Radiologically union and alignment was seen in higher percentage in those patients of proximal femur nail group and were these with varus collapse were seen mostly in patients who were operated using Ender's nail. Infection rate were higher in patients operated using dynamic hip screw mostly due to open reduction.


Significance Thin endometrium is the most common reason for uterine infertility and refractory gynecological diseases due to its complexity in pathogenesis and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Here, we profile cells from normal and thin endometrium at single-cell resolution to investigate the sophisticated alterations in the local microenvironment that occur in thin endometrium. Increased cellular senescence, collagen overdeposition, and significant down-regulation of gene expression related to cell proliferation are observed and confirmed. Moreover, we demonstrate aberrant activation of the SEMA3 pathway accompanied by dampened EGF, PTN, and TWEAK signaling pathways in thin endometrium. These findings aid in understanding the mechanisms of thin endometrium and provide new tools to rejuvenate the atrophic endometrium for female fertility preservation and successful pregnancy. Thin endometrium has been widely recognized as a critical cause of infertility, recurrent pregnancy loss, and placental abnormalities; however, access to effective treatment is a formidable challenge due to the rudimentary understanding of the pathogenesis of thin endometrium. Here, we profiled the transcriptomes of human endometrial cells at single-cell resolution to characterize cell types, their communications, and the underlying mechanism of endometrial growth in normal and thin endometrium during the proliferative phase. Stromal cells were the most abundant cell type in the endometrium, with a subpopulation of proliferating stromal cells whose cell cycle signaling pathways were compromised in thin endometrium. Both single-cell RNA sequencing and experimental verification revealed cellular senescence in the stroma and epithelium accompanied by collagen overdeposition around blood vessels. Moreover, decreased numbers of macrophages and natural killer cells further exacerbated endometrial thinness. In addition, our results uncovered aberrant SEMA3, EGF, PTN, and TWEAK signaling pathways as causes for the insufficient proliferation of the endometrium. Together, these data provide insight into therapeutic strategies for endometrial regeneration and growth to treat thin endometrium.


In Infectious Greed, two leading financial experts offer a powerful new explanation of why the corporate scandals happened-and propose market-driven reforms that don't just "patch" the system but fix it for generations to come. Discover how the system came to provide massive incentives for malfeasance by CEOs, boards, auditors, analysts, and investment houses-and learn how those "bad" incentives can be replaced by even more powerful incentives for integrity.


Significance Whether migratory populations are preadapted or constrained in responding to global climate change largely depends on which cues individuals use when deciding to start their migration. The identity of these cues is revealed by whether response thresholds are consistent within, but differ between, individuals ("repeatability"). By satellite tracking 48 individuals across multiple migrations, we show that 1) Asian houbara used the environmental cue of local temperature, which was correlated between wintering and breeding grounds, to time their spring migration departure; 2) departure responses to temperature varied between individuals but were individually repeatable; and 3) individuals' use of temperature as a cue allowed for adaptive population-level change in migration timing, relative to annual variation in spring temperatures. A fundamental issue in migration biology is how birds decide when to start their journey, given that arriving too early or too late in a variable environment reduces individual fitness. Internal circannual regulation and predictable cues such as photoperiod prepare birds for migration, while variable external cues such as temperature and wind are thought to fine-tune departure times; however, this has not been demonstrated at the key point at which an individual animal decides to start migrating. In theory, environmental cues correlated between departure and arrival sites allow informed departure decisions. For 48 satellite-tracked Asian houbara Chlamydotis macqueenii, a medium-distance migrant with climatic connectivity between wintering and breeding areas, each tracked across multiple years, spring departure was under individually consistent temperature conditions, with greater individual repeatability than for photoperiod or wind. Individuals occupied a range of wintering sites latitudinally spanning 1,200 km but departed at lower temperatures from more northerly latitudes. These individual departure decisions produced earlier mean population-level departure and arrival dates in warmer springs. Phenological adjustments were fully compensatory, because individuals arrived on the breeding grounds under similar temperature conditions each year. Individuals' autumn departure decisions were also repeatable for temperature but less distinct than for spring, likely because of relaxed time constraints on leaving breeding grounds and the use of wind as a supplementary departure cue. We show that individual-level departure decisions informed by local temperatures can preadapt a population to adjust its population-level phenology in response to annual variability in spring temperatures without requiring genetic change in reaction thresholds.


Abstract : This research is motivated by thelack of science learning outcomes of students, with a grade average of 68.83. While the completeness criteria Minimum value (KKM) IPA is 65 Among students who were 30 only 15 students who achieve KKM with classical completeness 50%. This research is Classroom Action Research (CAR) conducted aiming to improve science learning outcomes Elementary School fourth grade students 029 Agas River by implementing cooperative learning model NHT. Data collection instruments in this thesis is the sheet activities of teachers and students and learning outcomes. This thesis presents the results obtained by studying the average learning outcome measures 68.83 before rising 12.84% to 77.67 in cycle I. In the second cycle increased by 17.20% to an average of 80.67. activities of teachers in the first cycle the first meeting of the percentage obtained 55% with unfavorable category, the second meeting had become 62.50%. Furthermore, the first meeting of the second cycle activity score increased by 87.50% of teachers either category, at the second meeting increased to 100% with a very good category. The results of the data analysis of student activity in the first cycle to 50% with the category is not very good, at the second meeting of 57.50% In this cycle students already understand the application of cooperative learning activities with the type of NHT. And the second cycle activity score of 77.50% of students increased with both categories. At the second meeting increased to 97.50% with very good category. The results of the study at 029 River Elementary School fourth grade gnats prove that the implementation of cooperative learning model to improve learning outcomes NHT IPA fourth grade students of SDN 029 Agas River. Keywords: Cooperative Type Numbereds Heads Together, Science leaning outcome 2


The paper presents an approach for integrating conflicted cells in a chain-like structure based on a measurement of the level of integration of this structure. The authors' prior experience suggests an assumption that conflicts always arise when cells are connected by a flow of materials, information, and money, although at different intensity levels. Usually, the intensity levels of said conflicts depend on the cooperation culture within a supply chain. This is a highly multidi-mensional problem, reflected by the literature referred to in this paper and related to this subject matter. The proposed approach treats technological processes between conflicted cells as an area of potential integration of these cells. Then, the integration becomes a problem of selecting the appropriate variant of realizing a technological process conducted in an area common for potentially conflicted cells of a company. The same approach may be used for cells belonging to separate production and distribution companies operating within a mutual supply chain. The paper proposes a method for measuring the integration level of neighboring cells, as a difficult-to-measure feature, by deter-mining an integration loss index. Also, the paper presents a multi-criteria method based on the fuzzy set theory for selecting a preferred variant of a technological process. A presented example uses this method in a supply chain to maximize the integration level between Shipping and Recipient cells/links. It has been assumed that the preferred realization variant of the flow process will be based on the following criteria: 1) shipping cost; 2) shipping quality; 3) shipping time. Also, an algorithm is shown for applying the presented methodology, which is helpful for managers interested in increasing the integration level of a supply chain. The methodology allows for increasing the integrity of conflicted cells both in newly designed supply chains as well as in existing ones when remodeled or reorganized. Moreover, the paper indicates some problems associated with the efficient implementation of the proposed method.


Background Some helminth infections are negatively associated with the prevalence of allergic disorders, arguing for a modulation of allergic reactions by the parasites, depending on the worm species, intensity and phase of infection and the type of disease.


In order to study the seismic behavior of concrete-filled steel tubular frame with reinforced concrete beams,one frame model with single span and two stories were tested under constant vertical load and lateral cyclic loads.Failure modes,failure mechanism,hysteretic loops,skeleton curve,displacement ductility,stiffness degradation,and energy dissipation capacity were examined.According to the experimental results,the hysteretic curve of the frame is plump shuttle shape.The frame model exhibited good load carrying capacity,deformation capacity and energy dissipation capacity.The displacement ductility coefficients were estimated at 9.5 and 6.8 for the two loading directions,respectively.With the increasing of lateral displacement,the secant stiffness of the frame decreased,however,decreased slowly when approaching the maximum load.The strength of the frame was stable corresponding to the increase of the lateral displacement before reaching the ultimate displacement.The concrete-filled steel tubular columns behave well when the plastic hinges appear on beam end.


Airborne geophysical exploration, started since 1953 in China, has achieved coverage 9.57 million km2 over the country,including 1.2 million km2 over the Sea; including 3.0 million km2 with radioactive prospec-ting, 0.21 million km2 with electromagnetic prospecting; found 449 metallic deposits and half radioactive deposits of country; delineated oil and gas Prospective area 330,000km2.


This study analyzes all stories aired on NBC Nightly News and Fox News Channel's Special Report With Brit Hume during 2005 about the U.S. wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, and compares that coverage with real-world indicators to address an important question: Did the news media over-report bad news from these conflicts, as claimed by the Bush administration and as one might expect given research into the press' negativity bias? This study finds that while both channels focused a fair amount on negative storylines, overall the news actually underplayed bad news from both countries. Fox News was much more sympathetic to the administration than NBC, suggesting that scholars should consider Fox as alternative, rather than mainstream, media.


KGROUND AND AIMS
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) arises from several types of premalignant lesions, including intraductal tubulopapillary neoplasm (ITPN); however, the molecular pathogenesis of ITPN remains unknown.

METHODS
We performed studies with Hnf1b-CreERT2; Ptenf/f; Arid1af/f mice to investigate the consequence of genetic deletion of Arid1a in adult pancreatic ductal cells in the context of oncogenic PI3K/Akt pathway activation.

RESULTS
Simultaneous deletion of Arid1a and Pten in pancreatic ductal cells resulted in the development of ITPN, which progressed to PDAC, in mice. Simultaneous loss of Arid1a and Pten induced dedifferentiation of pancreatic ductal cells and YAP/TAZ pathway activation. Consistent with the mouse data, TAZ expression was found elevated in human ITPNs and ITPN-derived PDACs but not in human intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms, indicating that activation of the TAZ pathway is a distinctive feature of ITPN. Furthermore, pharmacological inhibition of the YAP/TAZ pathway suppressed the dedifferentiation of pancreatic ductal cells and development of ITPN in Arid1a and Pten double knockout mice.

CONCLUSION
Concurrent loss of Arid1a and Pten in adult pancreatic ductal cells induced ITPN and ITPN-derived PDAC in mice through aberrant activation of YAP/TAZ pathway, and inhibition of YAP/TAZ pathway prevented the development of ITPN. These findings provide novel insights into the pathogenesis of ITPN-derived PDAC and highlight the YAP/TAZ pathway as a potential therapeutic target.


Remodeling of the myocardium is associated with increased risk of arrhythmia and heart failure. Our objective is to automatically identify regions of fibrotic myocardium, dense collagen, and adipose tissue, which can serve as a way to guide radiofrequency ablation therapy or endomyocardial biopsies. Using computer vision and machine learning, we present an automated algorithm to classify tissue compositions from cardiac optical coherence tomography (OCT) images. Three dimensional OCT volumes were obtained from 15 human hearts ex vivo within 48 hours of donor death (source, NDRI). We first segmented B-scans using a graph searching method. We estimated the boundary of each region by minimizing a cost function, which consisted of intensity, gradient, and contour smoothness. Then, features, including texture analysis, optical properties, and statistics of high moments, were extracted. We used a statistical model, relevance vector machine, and trained this model with abovementioned features to classify tissue compositions. To validate our method, we applied our algorithm to 77 volumes. The datasets for validation were manually segmented and classified by two investigators who were blind to our algorithm results and identified the tissues based on trichrome histology and pathology. The difference between automated and manual segmentation was 51.78 ± 50.96 μm. Experiments showed that the attenuation coefficients of dense collagen were significantly different from other tissue types (P < 0.05, ANOVA). Importantly, myocardial fibrosis tissues were different from normal myocardium in entropy and kurtosis. The tissue types were classified with an accuracy of 84%. The results show good agreements with histology.


What has Paul to do with Quintilian? For a host of scholars this question would answer itself, rhetorically. A stock device, the rhetorical question has long been favored in argument. Even Paul is no exception. "Where is the wise man?" he asks. "Where is the scribe? Where is the debater of this age? Has not God made foolish the wisdom of the world?" (1 Cor 1:20). Paul would appear to be dismissing everything his contemporary, Quintilian, stood for. Yet one point remains. As Cicero once wrote of Plato, "it was when making fun of orators that he himself seemed to be the consummate orator." The following, a rhetorical study of the letter to Philemon, will suggest that Paul too employed basic tactics of persuasion taught and widely practiced in his day.


The present invention relates to compounds and salts thereof represented by the formula (1), and a manufacturing method thereof. The fluorine-ethyl camptothecin derivatives having strong anti-tumor activity, low toxicity, water-soluble useful compounds.


Higher education institutions are commonly tasked with demonstrating student learning in and out of the classroom. Although academic and student affairs share a common goal of supporting student success, they frequently do not speak the same assessment language. This lack of alignment can lead to miscommunication and missed opportunities to collaboratively promote learning and achievement. Further, it can be a struggle to implement assessment protocols if institutional stakeholders do not value and believe in the importance of their role in the assessment process. In this paper, we discuss how professionals at an online academic success center used the Theory of Planned Behavior to inform and improve an assessment protocol as part of the institution's overall assessment plan. The steps and strategies used over multiple assessment loops are discussed to demonstrate the path taken to build a collaborative learning environment for students in and out of the online classroom.


ciated conditions as practiced in the U. S. A. He was surprised to learn that it is generally believed in the United States that sclerotherapy of varicose veins is an inferior substitute for the various surgical means of removing the affected veins. For example, Garber states (26): &dquo;The benefit, if any, derived from sclerosing injections is at best of temporary nature.&dquo; The views expressed by Garber are widespread in spite of the fact that workers in the United States have made extremely important contributions to the sclerotherapy of varicosities. (McPheeters 60, 61, DeTakats 14, 15, Edwards 20, Ochsner 51, Hirshmann 28, Dingwall 18, Cooper 12, Orbach 52, 53, 54, 55, Biegeleisen 2, 3, 4, Kilbourne 32, Riddle 62, and Meyer 46). Many vascular surgeons have abandoned sclerotherapy of varicosities after an early trial because of unsatisfactory results, and they now use surgical methods mainly. Many others are still using injection therapy although mostly on smaller varices, operating on the more extensive ones. The view that large varices are not suit-


RNA enzymes have remarkably diverse biological roles despite having limited chemical diversity. Protein enzymes enhance their reactivity through recruitment of cofactors. The naturally occurring glmS ribozyme uses the glucosamine-6-phosphate (GlcN6P) organic cofactor for phosphodiester bond cleavage. Prior structural and biochemical studies implicated GlcN6P as the general acid. Here we describe new catalytic roles for GlcN6P through experiments and calculations. Large stereospecific normal thio effects and lack of metal ion rescue in the holoribozyme show that nucleobases and the cofactor play direct chemical roles and align the active site for self-cleavage. Large stereospecific inverse thio effects in the aporibozyme suggest that the GlcN6P cofactor disrupts an inhibitory interaction of the nucleophile. Strong metal ion rescue in the aporibozyme reveals this cofactor also provides electrostatic stabilization. Ribozyme organic cofactors thus perform myriad catalytic roles, allowing RNA to compensate for its limited functional diversity. Enzymes catalyze diverse chemical reactions and utilize a variety of strategies to do so. RNA enzymes are known to employ at least four different catalytic strategies: in-line nucleophilic attack, neutralization of the non-bridging oxygens, deprotonation of the 2 ′ OH nucleophile,


From 1984 Marginal Ice Zone Experiment observations in Fram Strait, three main results concerning large scale, mesoscale, and summer marginal ice zone (MIZ) features are presented and discussed in this paper. Regarding the large scale, the main conclusion is that the East Greenland Current (EGC) is a narrow, stable current, in contradiction with past results presenting the EGC as a broad and unstable current. In the mesoscale, the West Spitsbergen Current (WSC) and the Norwegian Current are the main generators for eddies in Fram Strait. These eddies propagate northwestward, preferentially following topographic features like fracture zones, which are quite abundant in this region. In our opinion, these WSC eddies represent an important part of the Atlantic water recirculation in Fram Strait. When approaching the east Greenland continental slope, they interact with the EGC and they form well-developed eddies. These ice edge eddies associated with ice edge tongues are quite recognizable with remote sensing techniques. The summer marginal ice zone in Fram Strait is clearly characterized by sea ice concentrations from 1/10 to 3/10 and floe sizes limited to 1 km or less. There is a well-defined limit which separates the pack ice from the MIZ where no big ice floes are ever recorded. The breaking action of waves and swell propagating into the ice are likely to be the only mechanisms explaining such a drastic filtering effect. According to their amplitudes and directions, winds and eddies act in the MIZ in shrinking or stretching this zone.


Other than the common cold, the most frequent infectious disease is viral hepatitis. This volume contains practical information on the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of all the various forms of this disease, and has a clinical, rather than a molecular biological, orientation. Because of its logical structure, as well as the summary outlines of the best approach to each type of virus, this book should be useful as a primer and clinical reference for a broad range of physicians. It should also be valuable for the chief infectious disease specialist in hospitals, as well as specialists in liver disease, and medical personnel dealing with prison inmates.


Nonlinear analysis was carried out on to a phytoplankton Predator-prey model and the conditions of the stability and bifurcation was gained. Also,the numerical simulation results supported the theoretical analysis well. To fit the real conditions better,a parameter of the original model was changed to be a periodic function and numerical simulation was carried out. The results showed that new model has quasi-periodic solutions. So the new model can explain the phytoplankton seasonal blooms better.


Context is always essential for understanding, and so it is with religious freedom. Therefore, before discussing religious freedom in Australia it might be helpful to look briefly outside our own English-speaking tribes.


Music recommendation and discovery is an important MIR application with a strong impact in the music industry, but most music recommendation systems are still quite generic and without much musical knowledge. In this paper we present a web-based software application that lets users interact with an audio music collection through the use of musical concepts that are derived from a specific musical culture, in this case Carnatic music. The application includes a database containing information relevant to that music collection, such as audio recordings, editorial information, and metadata obtained from various sources. An analysis module extracts features from the audio recordings that are related to Carnatic music, which are then used to create musically meaningful relationships between all of the items in the database. The application displays the content of these items, allowing users to navigate through the collection by identifying and showing other information that is related to the currently viewed item, either by showing the relationships between them or by using culturally relevant similarity measures. The basic architecture and the design principles developed are reusable for other music collections with different characteristics.


In this work, a betavoltaic combined with photovoltaic mechanism using strontium-90 as a radioactive source was built up. A transparent yttrium aluminum garnet ceramic doped with a cerium ion is used as an intermediate conversion layer to avoid direct irradiation to a semiconductor conversion device and translates most of the high energy beta particles into photons. The traditional crystalline silicon conversion device with an N+PP+ junction structure functions as a betavoltaic and photovoltaic conversion device simultaneously. Radiation resistance is demonstrated by a 0.9 MeV electron beam irradiation aging experiment. In the optimized betavoltaic setup with a 0.5 mm transparent yttrium aluminum garnet ceramic, the crystalline silicon conversion device can bear 5 × 1015 e/cm2 by degrading output power less than 15%. Loaded with 1.3 mCi strontium-90, this betavoltaic setup produces a short circuit current of 282 nA, an open circuit voltage of 0.168 V, a fill factor of 0.58, and a total conversion efficiency of 0.32%.


PELICAN is a novel permutation equivariant and Lorentz invariant or covariant aggregator network designed to overcome common limitations found in architectures applied to particle physics problems. Compared to many approaches that use non-specialized architectures that neglect underlying physics principles and require very large numbers of parameters, PELICAN employs a fundamentally symmetry group-based architecture that demonstrates benefits in terms of reduced complexity, increased interpretability, and raw performance. We present a comprehensive study of the PELICAN algorithm architecture in the context of both tagging (classification) and reconstructing (regression) Lorentz-boosted top quarks, including the difficult task of specifically identifying and measuring the $W$-boson inside the dense environment of the Lorentz-boosted top-quark hadronic final state. We also extend the application of PELICAN to the tasks of identifying quark-initiated vs.~gluon-initiated jets, and a multi-class identification across five separate target categories of jets. When tested on the standard task of Lorentz-boosted top-quark tagging, PELICAN outperforms existing competitors with much lower model complexity and high sample efficiency. On the less common and more complex task of 4-momentum regression, PELICAN also outperforms hand-crafted, non-machine learning algorithms. We discuss the implications of symmetry-restricted architectures for the wider field of machine learning for physics.


For a quantum system whose phase space is the cotangent bundle of a Lie group, like for systems endowed with particular cases of curved geometry, one usually resorts to a description in terms of th...


As the main living space and carrier of the population, cities and buildings have become more seriously affected by changes in global environment in recent years. The deteriorating living environment has brought about the quality of survival of the population, the government's administrative management, and the sustainable development of the environment. This article has found that green roofs on urban environmental management and building energy consumption have found that green roofs can have an important impact on urban environmental management. In extreme weather events, green roof has a maximum cooling effect of 26℃ in the daytime, and its warming effect at night has been suppressed to a certain extent; the heat preservation time of the green roof can be up to 17 hours after the superposition of precipitation weather incidents, and its heat preservation effect is positively related to the temperature in the daytime. The green roof can reduce the energy consumption of the building by 106W/ ㎡/d in the extreme weather incident, while its energy -saving effect is reduced to 45W/m2/d after superimposing the precipitation meteorological incident.


Lophothygater aculeata sp.n., Lophothygater nigrita sp.n. and Pachysvastra flavofasciata sp.n. are described and the diagnosis of the female of Dasyhalonia phaeoptera is given.


The utility model discloses an improved R-S line of an electric dust precipitator. The prior R-S line is generally divided into a whole welding type and a split welding type. The improved R-S line is formed by welding an arista tooth and a tube blank with a connection hole. The arista tooth is made of thin steel plate and the plane projection of the arista tooth is in the local diamond shape and four small teeth are cut out along the direction of the point and alternatively evert towards the two sides. The tube blank is formed by welding a half-round blank material formed by milling the strip steel and provided with flanged edges at the two sides and then the end and the connection hole are formed by pressing without additionally producing the connection tube. The adjusted structure is suitable for the technological conditions of the automatic production and after inputting the tube blank and the arista tooth on the automatic production line, a series of steps comprising transferring, spot welding, arista tooth forming, end-part pressing and connection-hole pressing are performed until the finished product is under line. In the premise of satisfying the automatic production, the utilization rate of the material is increased, the process technology is simplified and the production cost is reduced.


The present study indicates the anti-fungal activity of Basidiomycetes from the extracts of the food fungus Agaricussp. And the compounds isolated from it and the data indicate that the mushroom extracts are mainly tested against the types of some fungi to evaluate the action of their anti-fungal extracts. Different concentrations of the edible mushroom were selected against the some fungi, Penicilliumnatatum. , Trichodermahanzianam. , Asperigllusnigerand Rhizopusstolonifer. , Isolated from soil and the ethanol extract showed the highest effect of the aqueous extract, especially at a concentration of (2)(2.5)ml, as it gave an inhibitory power as in the fungus Penicilliumnatatum.andRhizopusstolonifer. (0.0) (0.0)cm respectively. The etching wells diffusion method between the aqueous extract has greater efficacy than the ethanolic extract, as in the fungus Trichodermahanzianam. Where the average zone of inhibition at a concentration of (2.5)ml(3.50)mm, and this indicates the effectiveness of alcoholic and aqueous extracts against the growth of the effectiveness of some fungi. The results of the experiments showed that the food fungus Agaricussp has strong anti-fungal potentials. Therefore, mushroom extracts can be used as biocides in inhibiting the growth of pathogenic fungi.


Our recent publication [ 1 ] describes how the tail states of poly(3hexyl thiophene) (P3HT) can infl uence photocurrent generation of bulk-heterojunction polymer solar cells comprising P3HT and phenyl-C 61 -butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM). We found that the device characteristics of bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) polymer solar cells of P3HT:PCBM are independent of preferentially segregated P3HT, nominally a hole transporter, at the electron-collecting interface. [ 2 ] A series of experiments was conducted in which increasingly thicker fi lms of P3HT and PCBM were inserted at the electronand hole-collecting interfaces, respectively, of BHJs to ascertain the origin of this invariance in device characteristics. These experiments resulted in different extents of reduction in device characteristics, with the insertion of P3HT at the electron-collecting interface being less disruptive compared to the insertion of PCBM at the hole-collecting interface. Single-carrier diode measurements indicate P3HT exhibits a broad distribution of tail states beyond its highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) level into the bandgap. This broad distribution of tail states in P3HT can facilitate electron-hole recombination at the electron-collecting interface of polymer solar cells. Followed by the injection of holes from the cathode into the tail states, this phenomenon was shown by numerical


Background: Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder that is diagnosed with a lack of
memory and perception.
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of donepezil and folic acid on reference
and working memory disorders caused by electrical lesion of nucleus basalis magnocellularis
(NBM).
Methods: In this experimental study, 49 adult male Wistar rats were divided into 7 groups: control
and, nucleus basalis magnocellularis (NBM) lesion group. which received electrically-induced
lesion (0.5 mA, 3 s) in NBM, sham group (the electrode was impaled in to the nucleus basalis
magnocellularis with no lesion), donepezil group (lesion + donepezil 0.1 mg/kg), folic acid group
(lesion + folic acid 5 mg), interaction group (lesion + donepezil-folic acid) and vehicle group
(lesion + saline). Acquisition and retention tests were done by using an eight-radial arm maze task.
Findings: Results showed that there was a significant difference between control and lesion groups
(P<0.05). Combination treatment with donepezil and folic acid improved the parameters of spatial
memory errors in the acquisition and retention tasks comparing to the control group (P˂0.05).
Conclusion: The degradation of the nucleus basalis magnocellularis caused to increase reference
and working memory errors. Also the co-administration of donepezil and folic acid leaded to a
reduction in these errors and improved spatial memory of the rat.


While in business and private settings the disruptive impact of ICT have already been felt, the legal sector is now also starting to face such great disruptions. Innovations have been emerging for some time, affecting the working practices of legal professionals and the functioning and legitimacy of legal systems. In this paper, we present our vision for enabling the smart government ideal for legal systems by means of a framework that unifies different isolated ICT-based solutions. In particular, we will describe the tremendous potential of improvements driven by AI and challenges to deliver new services that support the objectives of legal systems.


The classical stability solution of Taylor for the Couette flow between a rotating inner cylinder and a stationary outer cylinder is used to model the "critical magnetic Taylor number," Tacr, in a flow of a liquid metal driven by a rotating magnetic field (RMF) in a cylindrical cavity characterized by the parameter H= height/radius. (The magnetic Taylor number is defined as Ta=σωBo2Ro4/(2ρν2), where σ,ν, and ρ are the electrical conductivity, kinematic viscosity, and density of the liquid; ω and Bo are the magnetic field frequency and induction; Ro is the radius of the cavity; the cr superscript means "critical") In typical conditions, the RMF flow develops a solid-body-rotating core analogous to the inner rotating cylinder, embedded in a layer in which the swirl decays to zero at the outer wall. Using small-Ekman-number approximations for the core and gap flow, the analogy yields an insightful expression for Tacr. In particular, the model indicates that Tacr depends strongly on the parameter H. Compariso...


esmoplastic fibroma of bone is a benign, locally aggressive tumor with varied recurrence rates found in the literature. Desmoplastic fibroma of bone, when found in the foot, is an exceedingly rare occurrence [1]. Jaffe first described it as a benign tumor characterized by the formation of abundant collagen fibers by the tumor cells. The tissue is described as being poorly cellular with nuclei that are ovoid or elongated. The incidence of whole-body desmoplastic fibroma is less than 0.1% [1,2]. The most common presenting symptom is pain and/or swelling, although pathologic fracture has been described previously as a common reason for seeking treatment. This tumor has also presented as an incidental finding [2]. The most common differential diagnosis radiographically is fibrosarcoma, however a wide variety of entities can masquerade as a desmoplastic fibroma including fibrous dysplasia, giant cell tumor, unicameral bone cyst, chondromyxoid fibroma, nonossifying fibroma, periosteal desmoids, eosinophilic granuloma, lowgrade intraosseous osteosarcoma, adamantinoma, as well as distant metastasis [1-4].


The coronavirus appeared for the first time in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China on December 1, 2019. And spread almost all over the world, resulting in lockdowns in several countries affected by the spread of the coronavirus. So that it has an impact on the decline in the country's economic growth. The spread of this virus also has an impact on the business world. To anticipate a bigger impact, companies must be able to play a role in business administration and business management so that the company can survive this pandemic. This study aims to determine the important role of business administration science and management science. So that companies can reduce the impact of the coronavirus pandemic. This research uses literacy study method in which data is collected from literature, reading, taking notes and processing research materials. From the results of this study, it is known that the science of business administration and business management plays an important role during the coronavirus pandemic. With proper business administration and business management, the company will still be able to carry out productivity by company expectations and goals. Keywords—role, business administrative science, management science, coronavirus


The courtyard layout of Buddhist temple displays different characteristics at different times.These characteristics mainly contain the courtyard space layout of secularization which makes tower as the center,the courtyard space layout of etiquette which makes temple hall as the center,the courtyard space which highlights both tower and temple hall and the courtyard space which is mainly focused on Buddhist hall and Dhamma Hall.All Buddhist temples architecture's functions can be presented by Buddha,Dhamma and Bonze.Chinese traditional architectural culture's powerful tension and highly adaption show Chinese traditional wooden architecture's organic integration of quiet and peaceful Buddhist,broad and profound Dhamma and implicative and rational spirit.


After much skepticism, energy medicine and the science behind it are emerging as rich and fascinating topics with major implications for anti-aging medicine. The public is attracted to energetic techniques because they are cost-effective, are relatively non-invasive, and have few if any side effects. Those who follow the emerging field of energy medicine are exposed to entirely new vistas about how the human body works in health and disease. Some of the major new perspectives will be considered here: the cell is not a "bag of solution"; biochemistry in living cells is very different from biochemistry in a test tube; because of resonance, molecules do not have to touch to interact; and bioenergetic fields are real and important in the healing process. The "bag of solution" model has been replaced with a matrix model that incorporates the latest findings of cell biology: the trans-membrane proteins or integrins are key elements in a continuous molecular fabric or living matrix that extends throughout the living body in the form of connective tissue and throughout the cell as the cytoskeleton and nuclear matrix. Many biochemical reactions take place in highly ordered systems called metabolons, sequences of enzymes ordered along the matrix. Regulation by signal molecules randomly diffusing to receptors must be very slow, and is undoubtedly supported in life by non-contact resonant electromagnetic interactions between regulatory molecules and their receptors. Energy fields are measurable in the spaces around the body using technologies such as magnetocardiography and magnetoencephalography. Taken together, these concepts help us understand new diagnostic/therapeutic technologies. Well-documented and widely used examples include: scanning the body with microcurrents to evaluate the condition of organs and systems and even to image tiny tumors; the use of pulsing electromagnetic fields (PEMF) to stimulate bone growth and the healing of soft tissue injuries; and a technology called ONDAMED ® that combines PEMF with pulse biofeedback to establish treatment frequencies on a patient-by-patient basis. The system is extremely sensitive for detecting elusive pathologies and serious medical conditions in the earliest stages of development. The implications for prevention and longevity are profound.


This study presents the results of an extensive exploratory research on ethics in valuation activity carried out by authorized valuers in Romania. Ethics is the foundation of success and sustainability in business. In turn, business sustainability is the mirror of the social responsibility assumed, the effort to ensure the sustainability of society. The goal of this study is broad and consists of investigating the position of authorized valuers in Romania in relation to the level of ethics achieved in the activity carried out with reference to expressing their professional opinion from the perspective of general concern for ethics. Our quantitative exploratory research consists of conducting a nationwide survey on a valid sample of 558 authorized valuer respondents. The main conclusions clearly highlight that the valuer faces external pressures—the influence from the clients' side, and, in the face of this challenge, personal reputation and social responsibility are criteria in the ethical decision. The results of this research invite all stakeholders to take a reflective approach regarding the coordinates of the valuer's personal ethics and the support mechanisms that provide it, in order to ensure the sustainability of his activity, to the benefit of the profession, the business and the entire society.


The axial fan of the present invention reduces the stagnant flow at the root of the fins. The fins (18) are arranged to extend radially from a boss (14) so that they are circumferentially spaced from each other on the periphery of the boss (14). Each of the fins (18) has a section in arcuate section having a ratio of bending alpha, that is to say the ratio between the bending height of the arc and the length of the rope. The value of this ratio increases rapidly between the middle portion of the fin and the root. The value of the ratio of bending to the root is about 12%.


A long standing argument in philosophy purports that friendship plays a considerable role in our self-knowledge and perspectives on the world, much of which can be accredited to the enduring influence of the Aristotelian conceptualisation of friendship. More recent thinking on friendship terminations has given cause to rethink and clarify the basis of such suppositions. This has particular relevance within the realm of childhood where 'friendship termination' is considered a common experience. This article seeks to remind us that friendship can also blind us to the faults of others. We may believe the friend to share the same set of values and commitments, but we can be wrong: we may see our friend through the proverbial rose-tinted glasses and fail to spot the ways in which the friend actively damages our well-being. I concentrate on four interlinked grounds for dissolving friendship (estrangement, change, mistaken friendship and false friendship) within the realm of childhood so that we can better examine the role of school policy in this area.


ABSTRACT Ultrasonic vibration cutting has been proved to be an effective cutting technology for its excellent cutting performance and has been widely applied in turning and drilling process. However, this kind of technology is rarely tried in milling process. In cutting process, cutting force is an important process parameter, which affects surface finish and tool wear. This paper investigates the milling force variation in ultrasonic vibration-assisted end milling process through a series of slot-milling experiments. The main research contents include two parts, one is the effect of the externally excited vibration on milling force in milling process, and the other is the influence of milling and vibrating parameters matching on milling force value. Experimental results show that ultrasonic vibration can change traditional milling conditions, realize separate-type milling, obtain similar pulse-like profiles of cutting forces, reduce average cutting force value; and the peak value of the feed direction cutting force can also be greatly decreased by adopting reasonable vibration amplitude, an optimal combination of machining parameters is of great benefit to achieving small cutting force. According to the experimental findings, ultrasonic vibration-assisted milling is a prospective technology to achieve precision milling of small part.


This paper presents the application of the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method in curvilinear coordinates to the analysis of conformal microstrip structures. A new near-field to far-field transformation in curvilinear coordinates is proposed. The simulated results are compared with simulations using the staircasing approximation, with published data and with measured results. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 25: 90–95, 2000.


The utility model relates to a high-low pressure tank relay-protection integrated automation device, comprising a main CPU plug-in unit, an alternative-current transformer plug-in unit, a relay-protection outlet plug-in unit, an arc probe small box, an arc protection inflow plug-in unit, a temperature and humidity collection small box, a high pressure tank state monitoring plug-in unit, a bus board and an operation display panel, wherein the alternative-current voltage analog amount required by the high-low pressure tank relay-protection integrated automation device is transferred by the alternative-current transformer plug-in unit; an outlet relay respectively performs the switching operation of the high-low pressure electric switch by the relay-protection outlet plug-in unit, the arc signal is transferred by the arc probe small box and the arc protection inflow plug-in unit, the temperature and humidity amount is transferred by the temperature and humidity collection small box and the high pressure tank state monitoring plug-in unit and then the bus board to the main CPU plug-in unit and in the premise of resource sharing, the main CPU plug-in unit performs the switching operation of the high pressure electric switch by the respective outlet relay and adjusts the temperature and humidity. The high-low pressure tank relay-protection integrated automation device has advantages of very high response speed, good anti-interference and convenient multiple connections of many probes.


Abstract The amount of information contained in comparative performance reports for commercial strains of poultry can be overwhelming. The decision of which commercial strain of hen to choose involves production criteria which are measured in different units (e.g., percent, dollars, lbs per 100, etc.). Production values based on fuzzy set logic were used to overcome the problem of differing units. Fuzzy set logic is a recent mathematical idea for describing imprecise terms such as "desirability." In terms of Management Science, a good decision is based on logic with consideration made of available data and possible alternatives. Although a good decision will occasionally yield unfavorable results, in the long run logical decision analysis will result in successful outcomes. Four decision methods, using fuzzy set memberships, were demonstrated for choosing a commercial strain of laying hen. The decisions were based on maximin, equally likely averaging, weighted averaging and ordered weighted averaging. In three of the four decision methods, the same strain of hen proved to be the choice.


The importance of Lukacs' "general" category lies in its criticism of the 2nd International vulgar Marxism and points out the key approach to a re-interpretation of Marxist philosophy.Though the interpretation of the general category in History and Class Consciousness is understood as methodological,it in fact leads to the depth of ontology in terms of its basic problems.In this aspect Lukacs has made unique theoretical contributions but his ontological base of the general category is still of Hegelism.His "general" category as "the essential interaction" has not made a breakthrough in the basic structure of modern metaphysics but confined itself in the categorical theory


A new paradigm for ceramic composite structural components enables func- tionality in heat exchange, transpiration, detailed shape, and thermal strain management that significantly exceeds the prior art. The paradigm is based on the use of three-dimensional fiber reinforcement that is tailored to the specific shape, stress, and thermal requirements of a structural application and therefore generally requires innovative textile methods for each real- ization. Key features include the attainment of thin skins (less than 1 mm) that are nevertheless structurally robust, transpiration holes formed with- out cutting fibers, double curvature, compliant integral attachment to other structures that avoids thermal stress buildup, and microcomposite ceramic matrices that minimize spalling and allow the formation of smooth surfaces. All these features can be combined into structures of very varied gross shape and function, using a wide range of materials such as all-oxide systems and SiC and carbon fibers in SiC matrices. Illustrations are drawn from rocket nozzles, thermal protection systems, and gas turbine engines. The new de- sign challenges that arise for such material/structure systems are being met by specialized computational modeling that departs significantly in the repre- sentation of materials behavior from that used in conventional finite element methods.


The results of a measurement program that was conducted to determine the attenuation of UHF radio signals penetrating to the inside of a typical house is presented. This program is part of a study to determine the feasibility of using direct satellite communication to disseminate disaster warning messages. The measurements were made in a manner to determine the building attenuation as a function of frequency, construction type, climate, and the elevation angle to the signal source. Attenuation measurements were made in five cities: Boulder, CO, Duluth, MN, Kansas City, MO Little Rock, AR, and Houston, TX. The measurements were made at three frequencies, 860 MHz, 1550 MHz, and 2569 MHz, using the ATS-6 geosynchronous satellite as a signal source. Most measurements were made on two principal house types; wood frame with a wood outside surface, and wood-frame with a brick-veneer outside surface. The average measured building attenuation for all houses and all frequencies was 6.3 dB.


EXTENSIVE changes in the policies and programs of public health in recent years have sharpened the need for effective presentations in continuing education if health personnel are to keep abreast of these changes. Meeting these emerging needs has long been the concern of the Program of Continuing Education in Public Health, an organization sponsored by schools of public health in the West-Uni-


The contact conditions were analyzed and the contact model for flexible bodies was established, including the nonlinear spring model and the tangential Coulomb friction model. Then the contact model was associated with the equations of flexible multi-body system. The contact process of a flexible beam in gravitational field was dynamically simulated to prove the validity and correctness of the model. The dynamic response, including the angular displacement and angular velocity, the time course of contact force and the rule for terminal displacement and velocity were discussed. The differences between the processes of flexible and rigid beams were compared and discussed. The results show that the nonlinear spring model is available in contact dynamics for flexible multi-body system.


We have determined the nucleotide sequence of an embryonic /?-globin gene of the Balb/c mouse. It possesses structural features typical of known expressed /?-globins, including 5"untranslated region, potential capping site, initiation and terminator codons, poly(A) addition signal, splicing signals, and intervening sequences. There is a striking 15-base homology between the putative RNA polymerase binding site of this gene and the corresponding region of a human embryonic /?-gene which may be important in the control of expression during embryonic development. The sequence of the gene predicts the sequence of the entire y2 protein, which has not previously been available. As expected from evolutionary considerations, it is more homologous to human embryonic &globin than to mouse adult &globin.


Spinel lithium manganese oxide was prepared by Pechini process under different calcining temperatures. Combined with the content of metals, valence of Mn in the compound and XRD data of the species, a metal deficient model [Li,-x□x]8a[Mn(Ⅲ)pMn(Ⅳ),q□y]16dO4, has been put up. The relationshipbetween structure and electrochemical properties of the material has been discussed and the specific capacity has been measured to be 127.8 mA·h·g-1 as x ≈0.3, y≈0.1 in the model.


Effective consulting is a key skill for educational developers. Although most educational developers are new to the field, there is limited research about how new practitioners develop consulting skills. The key research question this study explores is: How do new graduate teaching consultants develop as practitioners? This study empirically applies several "classic" models of consulting to better understand new consultants' perceived development of expertise, preferred consulting approaches, and reflection about them. The findings are generally confirmatory of the ways that classic frameworks map onto the development of consultants. They also suggest greater attention to supporting new consultants beyond "getting started," as well as to preparing new consultants for the differences between intra- and interdisciplinary consultations.


Power generation facilities are under constant pressure to comply with increasingly stringent environmental regulations—namely, coal utilities. One possibility to aid in compliance is through the use of torrefied biomass as a replacement or supplement for traditional fossil coal. To obtain a continuous understanding of the changes to biomass as it is torrefied, a three-stage chemical reaction model with intrinsic rate coefficients was used. This gas/vapor phase model predicts the evolution of primary torrefaction products and was further used to predict changes in elemental composition and energy content of torrefied biomass. From the model, over the typical torrefaction region (up to ∼25–30% mass loss), the relative amount of carbon increased by approximately 9%, the oxygen decreased approximately 10%, and the hydrogen content was relatively unchanged. The material retained 90% of the original available energy, and the higher heating value increased by 22.5% from 19.1 to 23.4 MJ/kg. These properties were...


ScottW. Corzine, Michael R. Tan,Shih-YuanWang, Guoying Ding*Communications andOptics Research LaboratoryHPL-95-136December, 1995VCSEL, jitter The pattern-dependent behavior of the turn-ondelay in proton-implanted Vertical-CavitySurface-Emitting Lasers is modeled with rateequations that include a second carrier reservoirto account for the current spreading underneaththeproton-implantedregions. We find thatundercertain conditions, the carrier density in theseregions can increase the turn-on jittersignificantly.


The Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute has developed a totally indigenous technology
for hatchery production of penaeid prawn seed. This technology has been adopted by the States of
Kerala and Karnataka to build large commercial hatcheries at Cannanore and Kumta Bay respectively.
The technology is so simple that It can bs adapted by fishermen families living on the sea
shore for producing prawn seed on a mini scale in their houses. The equipment needed for this mini
hatchery and the economics of such operations are given In the paper. There is great scope for developing
it into a cottage industry in the coastal areas.


• But how much do prosodic features and speaking rate contribute to accentedness ratings? To answer this, we presented accented sentence that preserved pitch and speaking rate information or removed one of those properties. Changes in accentedness ratings across the original and manipulated materials may be attributable to the acoustic property that was altered, shedding light on how much that property inform perceived accentedness. • Here we tested a novel approach to remove or standardize one acoustic property of accented sentences at a time. Neither flatte ning pitch contours nor standardizing speaking rate led to overall shifts in accentedness ratings, but ratings varied systematically by item depending on whether speaking rate was increased or decreased.


From 1980 to 1986 external fixation was applied in 38 patients with forearm fractures, 31 of whom sustained additional solft tissue injuries. External fixation only was used in 27 patients, while in the remaining both external and internal fixation were applied. Results are compared


• Line 4 of the Methods section in the Abstract should begin: "socio-economic factors" rather than "psychosocial factors". The measures used are outlined under 'Methods' / 'Interview' / paragraph 2. Some psychosocial factors (such as negative life events) were recorded, as they could have acted as confounders for biological PSD risk factors, but since we found no important effects in analysis, only minimal details are given. Social participation and quality of life scores were also measured but it is more logical to regard these as consequences rather than potential causes of PSD. • I have removed reference to frequency matching at the end of the Abstract, but emphasised that it was a cross-sectional study. METHODS • Because of its key importance, I have brought forward the section on Case and Control Categorisation and included it within the Interview section (since the categorisation was performed at interview). I have emphasised that both cases and control subjects were stroke survivors. • In addition to assessing the pre-stroke Rankin score, we also asked about pre-stroke mobility and urinary continence, graded along similar lines to these items in the Barthel. I have clarified this in the Methods section under 'Other Assessments'. RESULTS Para 2. • The DSM-IV manual does sub-classify episodes of major depression into 'mild, moderate and severe' (I have attached the relevant section from the manual to my email). Although it may not be used widely in clinical practice, it is a recognised research classification and I have added a citation to the DSM-IV manual. • This was a cross-sectional study and it is important to understand that the cases with PSD and non-depressed control subjects were identified and interviewed at least 9 months (average over 2 years) post stroke. Thus it is perfectly reasonable (and reassuring) that the majority of the cases had already been diagnosed and that many of them were already on treatment for post-stroke depression (I have added a note to emphasise that depression was diagnosed and treated after the stroke). Since our aim was to study the aetiology of PSD, it only mattered that the cases satisfied the criteria for major depression, whether or not they were on treatment. On the other hand, it was important to ensure that control subjects did not even have mild depression, so we excluded anyone who had been treated for depression within the last 6 months. We feel that the rigorous selection of cases with clinically confirmed major depression and controls without depressive symptoms (but with similar levels of physical function) is one of the main strengths of this study, in comparison with other studies, which have relied on the responses to depression screening questionnaires to define 'cases'.


Abstract Polyacetylene doped in the range of one to five percent has been shown to have low Pauli susceptibility yet high electrical conductivity. Earlier studies of polyacetylene doped with iodine to these nearly metallic levels show that essentially all charges go into soliton-like states. The conductivity (σ) and thermopower (S) of many samples are in quantitative agreement with charge transport via variable range hopping among soliton-like levels. Other doped samples have a lover density of states at the Fermi level with differing σ(T) and S(T). The strong sensitivity of the density of states to disorder leads to the proposal of a parallel conduction mechanism of thermal activation of charge carriers to "high mobility" extended band states. This mechanism may dominate in less disordered samples.


A novel wideband circularly polarized (CP) planar array antenna is proposed in this article for the upcoming fifth-generation (5G) millimeter-wave (mm-wave) applications. The antenna element is fed by a slot etched on the substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) for convenient integration. It consists of two additional semicircle patches and two suspend metal posts which are working as the newly proposed polarizers for broadband CP operation. The combined patch, post, and slot generate totally four CP modes which greatly expand the antenna 3 dB axial ratio (AR) bandwidth. The antenna operating mechanism and the design procedure are illustrated in detail. The simulated results for the antenna element show an AR bandwidth of 41.28% from 25.66 to 39.01 GHz, an impedance bandwidth of wider than 44.62% from 24.41 to 38.43 GHz, and a gain of 7.25 ± 1 dBic over the frequency band. The antenna shows a stable pattern and wide AR/impedance overlapping bandwidth (25.66–38.43 GHz), which covers most of the current 5G mm-wave bands. To enhance the antenna gain for practical application, a planar $4 \times 4$ antenna array fed by a fully incorporated SIW network is designed, fabricated, and measured. The measured results for the array demonstrate an AR bandwidth of 36.51% from 25.3 to 36.6 GHz, an impedance bandwidth of 40.21% from 24.42 to 36.71 GHz, and a peak gain of 19 dBic. The proposed antenna features a novel broadband CP working principle, low profile, and good radiation performance, which is well suited for 5G mm-wave applications.


This paper designs the workflows of equipment approval letter,start-up solution and protection valuing form,probes into the necessity and implementation of these workflows,and expounds the design thought and system architecture of these workflows and the functions of each subsystem.