A nonlinear effect ofnon-orographic rainfall on orographic rainfall is introduced into a short-term rainfall predictionmethod which uses Tatehira's orographic rainfall model. In the previous paper, orographic rainfall is assumed tobe simply proportional to non-orographic rainfall. In the seeder-feeder mechanism, which is themost importantpart in the generation of orographic rainfall, ratio of capturingcloud drops by raindrops (by non-orographic rainfall) c is taking a vital role. However, c is not proportional to the non-or0graphic rainfall intensity. In this paper, therefore, c is assumed to be anonlinear function in terms of the non-orographic rainfall and a method ofsolving simultaneous equationscomposed of the nonlinear function and theconservation equation of clouddrop is proposed. As a result, it is found that, when the nonlinear effect is taken into account, computedorographic rainfall becomesmuch smaller and that assumed depth of atmospheric layer ofhundred meters is not enough. Therefore, the computation method is further modified so thatorographic rainfall can be generated frommulti layers.


In this paper Dynamics of a rebounding cavitation bubble beneath a free surface is carried out by using Boundary Integral Equation Method. The bubble contains a mixture of constant pressure vapour and ideal gas. Results show that the free surface is pushed up during the growth of the bubble and collapses with the bubble collapse. It is found that the free surface rebounds in synchronisation with the rebound of the bubble.Copyright © 2002 by ASME


Objective To determine the incidence of respiratory problems and lung volume abnormalities in babies bom after first trimester amniocentesis or chorion villus sampling.


The Val-Alain Bridge, located in the Municipality of Val-Alain on Highway 20 East, crosses over Henri River in Quebec, Canada. The bridge is a slab-on-girder type with a skew angle of 20° over a single span of 49.89 m and a total width of 12.57 m . The bridge has four simply supported steel girders spaced at 3,145 mm . The deck slab is a 225-mm -thick concrete slab, with semi-integral abutments, continuous over the steel girders with an overhang of 1,570 mm on each side. The concrete deck slab and the bridge barriers were reinforced with glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) reinforcing bars utilizing high-performance concrete. The Val-Alain Bridge is the Canada's first concrete bridge deck totally reinforced with GFRP reinforcing bars. Using such nonmetallic reinforcement in combination with high-performance concrete leads to an expected service life of more than 75 years . The bridge is well instrumented with electrical resistance strain gauges and fiber-optic sensors at critical locations to record int...


The goal of this paper is to propose a forecasting tool to producers/ consumers (prosumers) of renewable energy sources, based on artificial intelligence techniques, trying to obtain optimal predictions. The exploration and the assessment of the criteria used for choosing the adequate forecasting tool are made in the artificial intelligence context. In this respect, firstly, the criteria used for choosing the best forecasting technology, in relation to each step of the modelling process are presented. Secondly, the identified criteria are tested on two Adaptive NeuroFuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) models, in order to underline the effects of these users' decisions over the forecasting performances.


Optimum population is the foundation for high yields under rainfed agriculture and the optimum population depends on the water availability. However, establishing a good canola stand in the Canadian semiarid Prairie, where low temperature, water stress and soil crusting result in poor seed bed conditions, is difficult. A field study was conducted during 2000, a year with moderate soil moisture and good canola growing conditions, and 2001, a year with severe water and heat stress, to understand the plasticity of canola yield parameters at different (80 to 5 plants per square meter) plant populations. The primary response of canola to lower plant population was increased branching, although it did not compensate completely for the decreasing population. Increased branching was accompanied by increased production and increased distribution of pods on the primary and secondary branches. Canola exhibited plasticity in yield adjustment over a wide range of plant populations. Environmental conditions played a significant role in expressing canola plasticity. For example, in a normal year like 2000 canola maintained similar yield levels over a wider range of populations (80 to 20 pl m), while in a dry year like 2001 seed yield started declining with populations below 40 pl m. Ability to produce more pods, especially at lower population densities, was responsible for the environmental influence on yield formation.


Data from a 1% sample of households in the 1980 United States Census of Population and Housing were used to identify personal and social characteristics associated with being poor or marginally poor in Colorado. The general hypothesis examined was that the more limited an individual's access is to participation in the nontraditional aspects of the economic and social opportunity Structure of the state and society, the more likely he/she is to be impoverished. Disproportional poverty is thus expected in remote, traditional areas and among people with traditional social identities that limit access to economic opportunities. The following variables were considered: area of the state, age, gender, minority status, English language skill, education completed, present school enrollment, disability status, marital status, responsibility for dependent children, rural and farm residence, recent migration history, whether employed, occupation type, and industry category according to traditionality or recency in Colorado. With some qualifications, the data supported the research hypothesis. Of the variables examined, location, marital, minority, and employment status made the greatest difference statewide. Education level was important in traditional rural areas, and current school enrollment was important in Colorado suburban, small %ISA (Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area), and nontraditional rural areas. Implications for programs and policies are discussed. (JHZ) *********************************************************************** * Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * * from the original document. * ***********************************************************************


BACKGROUND: Most children who require cisplatin chemotherapy incur hearing loss. The basal end of the cochlea, corresponding to high frequency sound perception, is typically affected first, with progression along the basilar membrane and to lower frequencies over time. Typical audiologic protocols for children are often restricted to the speech frequencies (500-4000Hz). However, reliable responses to higher frequencies can be obtained using specialized electrophysiologic measures or adapted behavioral test procedures, which may lead to earlier identification of hearing loss during ototoxicity monitoring. METHODS: Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) and behavioral threshold assessments were completed for patients during cisplatin treatment at Cincinnati Children's Hospital between 2017 and 2021. High frequency ABR protocols were established to include 6000 and 8000 Hz and behavioral testing protocols were expanded to include frequencies 8000 through 16000 Hz. Hearing loss was defined as >20 dB eHL at any frequency. The typical and high frequency protocols were compared to determine if higher frequency measurement provides a more sensitive means to detect the onset of hearing loss. RESULTS: One-hundred and fifty-three patients receiving cisplatin were assessed audiometrically. For patients who required ABR evaluations, 38% were identified with hearing loss when using the typical test protocol, where 79% of the patients were identified with hearing loss when using the high frequency protocol. For patients who were able to complete behavioral audiometric evaluations, 42% were identified with hearing loss with the typical protocol while 84% were identified with the high frequency protocol. CONCLUSIONS: The addition of higher frequencies to audiologic evaluation protocols for both ABR and behavioral audiometry significantly increases sensitivity to detect hearing loss during ototoxicity monitoring of cisplatin treatment and is a feasible strategy in pediatric cancer patients. Audiologically, the increased sensitivity to detect hearing loss may lead to earlier intervention regarding hearing and communication for the patient/family.


A 37-year-old male was brought to our emergency department by ambulance with the presentation of severe left chest pain and dyspnoea after a fall from about 9 meters in height. His vital signs were normal except tachypnea. Laboratory data showed no specific findings except respiratory acidosis.


Supplemental Digital Content is Available in the Text. A third of patients improved simultaneously in several domains, and a third improved in few or none. Pain intensity was the least likely outcome to improve.


The invention relates to a manufacturing process of an imitated cloisonn product, in particular to the manufacturing process of the imitated cloisonn product on a pottery, a porcelain or an azure stone. The manufacturing process mainly comprises four steps, namely pattern design, wire inlay, blue pointing and paint spraying. The manufacturing process breaks through the traditional manufacturing process of the imitated cloisonn product; the step of blue pointing is performed for only one time, so the manufacturing process is simplified; color sand is troweled while the step of blue pointing is performed; and the finished product can be manufactured only by the step of paint spraying without the steps of abrading (grinding), polishing, firing and gold-plating. When the manufacturing process of the imitated cloisonn product is compared with the traditional manufacturing process of the imitated cloisonn product, the working time can be saved by about 85 percent, so the manufacturing process is suitable for standard mass production; manual processes, such as welding and the like, in the step of wire inlay, are eliminated, and a large number of welding materials are saved at the same time, so the material cost and the labor cost are reduced by about 80 percent; the imitated cloisonn product manufactured by the process has more novelty and peculiarity, a smooth surface, more feeling of sand particles and a smarter picture, and brings better visual enjoyment to people; and because an environment-friendly transparent protecting paint is sprayed on the surface of the imitated cloisonn product, the imitated cloisonn product is safe and environment-friendly and is easy to clean.


With the development of computer network technology,workflow gives out a solution to modern enterprise's informational demand.Workflow patterns becomes the hotspot of workflow theory research field.Based on the modeling ability of Petri-Nest,this paper does an analysis of the 23 new workflow patterns which Aalst concludes in the article of workflow control-flow patterns.Furthermore,using colored Petri Nets model some of the new patterns for the first time.The result indicates that colored Petri Nets is also able to model the new complex workflow patterns.


In knowledge era,modernization management also achieves objectives by dint of other's power.Armed with high-tech,modern entities or economic organizations would be more self-confident and active if they could rein how to manage by dint of other's power.The sustainable development of management needs constant challenges and innovation.And in the game of market economy,those entities or economic organizations will be stronger and bigger,and they could create brilliant future,even influence and shape the effect and strength for expansion.


UNSTRUCTURED
 Background: E-health initiatives are essential to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of healthcare. However, the pace of implementation of e-health initiatives are lagging. Earlier literature has documented barriers to implementation of e-health initiatives, but even with quite extensive research into how to best perform implementation there still is a gap between research and practice. This paper describes the development and formative evaluation of the generic self-help tool E-Ready designed to be used by managers, project leaders or others responsible for implementation in a broad range of healthcare settings.

Methods: We generated a first version (E-Ready 1.0) based on implementation theory. A formative evaluation was undertaken through expert panels, cognitive interviews and statistical tests using multivariate item analysis. E-Ready 1.0 was also field tested among the target population. Iterative revisions were conducted during the formative evaluation process and E-Ready 2.0 was generated.

Results: The E-Ready tool consists of a questionnaire and a guidebook. The questionnaire assesses implementation readiness within conditions for change at the workplace, individual conditions for change, readiness among management, readiness among colleagues, perceived consequences on status quo and workplace attitudes. The questionnaire consists of six sections, whereof five yielded Cronback´s Alpha values higher than 0.7, which was deemed to be acceptable. One section was reworked to increase the internal validity. The guidebook contains a brief introduction, instructions on how to use the tool, information on the themes of E-Ready, how to create an implementation plan, quick advice for success and tips for further reading on implementation theory.

Conclusion: E-Ready 2.0 is a new promising self-help tool to guide and improve implementation of e-health initiatives in health care settings.


Cooperative communications among users in multiple access wireless environments is an efficient way to obtain the powerful benefits of multi-antenna systems without the demand for physical arrays. This paper proposes a solution to optimize the weights of partnering users` signals for the minimum error probability at the output of maximum likelihood (ML) detector under the transmit power constraints by taking advantage of channel state information (CSI) feedback from the receiver to the transmitter. Simulation programs are also established to evaluate the performance of the system under flat Rayleigh fading channel plus AWGN (Additive White Gaussian Noise).


Customer churn has become a significant problem and also a challenge for Telecommunication company such as PT. Telkom Indonesia. It is necessary to evaluate whether the big problems of churn customer and the company's managements will make appropriate strategies to minimize the churn and retaining the customer. Churn Customer data which categorized churn Atas Permintaan Sendiri (APS) in this Company is an imbalance data, and this issue is one of the challenging tasks in machine learning. This study will investigate how is handling class imbalance in churn prediction using combined Synthetic Minority Over-Sampling (SMOTE) and Random Under-Sampling (RUS) with Bagging method for a better churn prediction performance's result. The dataset that used is Broadband Internet data which is collected from Telkom Regional 6 Kalimantan. The research firstly using data preprocessing to balance the imbalanced dataset and also to select features by sampling technique SMOTE and RUS, and then building churn prediction model using Bagging methods and C4.5.


In their call to action, Ones and Dilchert(2012) discuss several possible individual and some contextual determinants of employee green behavior that await examination by industrial and organizational I–O) psychologists. Although these authors briefly mentioned organizational climate, specifically ethical climate, as a potentially relevant predictor of green behaviors, they mostly emphasized the role of individual difference characteristics and traditional job performance determinants such as knowledge, skills, abilities, and other
person factors (KSAOs).


Sharia investment as an investment that is in accordance with the principles of islamic economics is an investment that does not contain elements of usury. it is hoped that by applying sharia investment principles one can invest without violating religious norms. one form of sharia investment is investment in sharia banking. islamic banks are the people's choice because they stay away from usury, besides that islamic banks apply the principle of profit sharing because they collect public funds through savings and deposits. Bank bri syariah is a bank that applies sharia principles that has access to mobile banking for its customers, so that with mobile banking it can make it easier for bri syariah bank customers to make transactions, where the use of mobile banking is a form of sharia financial technology that cannot be separated from community activities. therefore, this study aims to explore the convenience and benefits of islamic financial technology in using mobile banking for customers.Based on the results of the research that has been done, it can be concluded that 1). the effect of benefits on mobile banking customer satisfaction is partially indicated by a significance level of 0.008 less than 5% so that h1 is accepted; 2). the effect of convenience on satisfaction using mobile banking is partially indicated by a significance level of 0.018 less than 5%, so h2 is accepted.Key Words: Financial Technology, Sharia, Mobile Banking


Diagnosing early-stage chronic pancreatitis (early-CP) is challenging because obtaining pancreas tissue samples to confirm clinical diagnosis is almost impossible. Recently, some features of pancreas parenchyma that can be visualized solely using endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) have been recognized as reflecting very slight parenchymal changes of earlyCP. However, typical findings that reflect parenchyma changes are trivial and delicate. Therefore, definitive diagnosis of early-CP is sometimes difficult to accomplish solely through findings obtained using conventional EUS. New EUS processor (UM-ME2; Olympus Medical Systems Corp., Tokyo, Japan) can serve both tissue harmonic echo (THE) penetration mode and THE resolution mode. Both shallow and deep areas can be depicted more clearly using THE penetration mode than using B-mode (Fig. 1a,b). However, EUS images produced using THE resolution mode are extremely clear and sharp in the area of interest, whereas images within the unfocused area become dim (Fig. 1c). To diagnose early-CP, the Japanese clinical diagnostic criteria require slight abnormalities in pancreatic parenchyma and pancreatic duct on EUS. These new THE modes can reveal details of abnormalities of early-CP. Moreover, UM-ME2 can immediately facilitate elastography during EUS procedures. Elastography can analyze tissue stiffness during scanning of pancreas parenchyma using EUS. Using elastography, fibrous change/stiffness in the pancreas parenchyma can be visualized as an inhomogeneous echo pattern with mixing of colors. In elastography, normal pancreas parenchyma is visualized as a homogeneous green pattern (Fig. 2a). However, in cases of CP, which has some hyperechoic abnormalities (foci, stranding and lobularity), elastography shows an inhomogeneous mosaic echo pattern with mixing of colors: blue, green, and yellow (Fig. 2b). This mosaic pattern is thought to reflect parenchymal changes including fibrosis and calcification in CP. It is considered that EUS-elastography is useful for the objective diagnosis of early-CP. New THE modes and elastography provided by UM-ME2 might contribute to a definite diagnosis of early-CP.


The reproductive cycle ofFarancia abacura reinwardtii was studied using samples of snakes collected throughout Arkansas from 1985 to 1991;museum specimens were also examined. The right testis of 22 males was examined by light microscopy. Histological analysis of the testis indicated a postnuptial spermatogenic cycle. Testicular recrudescence begins in late May with sperm production peaking in late summer; sperm overwinter in the ductus deferens. Ovarian follicles of 22 females were measured and counted; two follicular sizes were noted. In those undergoing primary vitellogenesis, a maximum size of 6.5 mm was reached; those exhibiting secondary viteilogenesis ranged in size from 12 to 21 mm. Average clutch size in females with follicles over 10 mm was 14.6 (n=6). Oviductal eggs were observed in a single female in early September. Female F. abacura require at least 2.5 years to become sexually mature. Follicular growth is slow over the first two years but increases dramatically during the spring of the third year.


The Technology has become an integral part of human life which has to upgrade at level of extent. Applied Information Communication and Technology(ICT) is an excellent resource to computer science and engineering researchers, students, educators, and aviation enthusiasts to get vital fundamental and advanced guidance in the area of Applied ICT. The book covers techniques from diverse areas of research, including WWW with Intelligent Web, SMAC Technology in E-Governance, Management of IT Infrastructure, Internet Security in Social Media, Smart Cities, ERP systems to stragegize business, Big Data as a corporate changer, New horizons of Artificial Intelligence, GIS, Remote Sensing and Medical Image Processing. Each chapter of this book includes research challenges in determined field of information technology. This book is for those also who are in dilemma while selecting an appropriate research topic for doing research work.


[Objective] The paper was to study the dynamic changes of nitrogen in saline-alkaline paddy field and its potential environment impacts. [Method] With typical sodic saline-alkaline paddy fields of Songnen Plain as study object,field test method was used to explore the dynamic changes was strong alkof nitrogen in paddy field of the region and its potential impact on environment. [Result] The soil in test regionaline with high CEC and C/N ratios,as well as poor preserving capacity of fertilizer. During the two-year field experiment,the indicators of salinization fluctuated. Initially,the concentrations of total nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen reached their maximum values,then decreased over time as a result of heavy rain. The maximum of nitrate concentration appeared later than those of total nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen. Ammonia volatilization accounted for 18.9%-28.8% of the nitrogen loss. The total nitrogen concentration in surface water was higher than the national Class Ⅲ surface water environmental quality standard. The concentration of ammonia from the recession flow of agricultural field was considerably high,which would potentially threaten the fishery in the downstream of Chagan Lake. [Conclusion] The study provided theoretical basis for saline-alkaline soil management and conservation of water and fishery resources.


A new video-augmentation approach based on perspective space is described which makes use of epipolar constraints and fundamental matrix to realize superimposure of 3D image and video.It uses pinhole camera model and perspective geometry constraints to conveniently implement the reprojection of virtual objects.The approach does not use the calibration parameters of the camera and the 3D locations of the enviroment's object,and overcomes the vision errors and limitation of implementation because of the affine approximation to perspective.


The effect of different alicyclic substituents on the course of an aromatic cyclodehydration reaction was investigated by synthesizing a number of precursor ketones. By studying their cyclization products, a competitive cleavage reaction was observed and interpreted.


Background Holter analysis requires significant clinical resources to achieve a high‐quality diagnosis. This study sought to assess whether an artificial intelligence (AI)‐based Holter analysis platform using deep neural networks is noninferior to a conventional one used in clinical routine in detecting a major rhythm abnormality. Methods and Results A total of 1000 Holter (24‐hour) recordings were collected from 3 tertiary hospitals. Recordings were independently analyzed by cardiologists for the AI‐based platform and by electrophysiologists as part of clinical practice for the conventional platform. For each Holter, diagnostic performance was evaluated and compared through the analysis of the presence or absence of 5 predefined cardiac abnormalities: pauses, ventricular tachycardia, atrial fibrillation/flutter/tachycardia, high‐grade atrioventricular block, and high burden of premature ventricular complex (>10%). Analysis duration was monitored. The deep neural network–based platform was noninferior to the conventional one in its ability to detect a major rhythm abnormality. There were no statistically significant differences between AI‐based and classical platforms regarding the sensitivity and specificity to detect the predefined abnormalities except for atrial fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia (atrial fibrillation, 0.98 versus 0.91 and 0.98 versus 1.00; pause, 0.95 versus 1.00 and 1.00 versus 1. 00; premature ventricular contractions, 0.96 versus 0.87 and 1.00 versus 1.00; ventricular tachycardia, 0.97 versus 0.68 and 0.99 versus 1.00; atrioventricular block, 0.93 versus 0.57 and 0.99 versus 1.00). The AI‐based analysis was >25% faster than the conventional one (4.4 versus 6.0 minutes; P<0.001). Conclusions These preliminary findings suggest that an AI‐based strategy for the analysis of Holter recordings is faster and at least as accurate as a conventional analysis by electrophysiologists.


Enantioselective alcoholysis of σ-symmetric cyclic dicarboxylic anhydrides with benzyl alcohol catalyzed by a chiral bifunctional sulfonamide was achieved in up to 98% ee at 5 mol% loading.


This study presents a micro-mechanical perspective on the role of realistic particle shapes in shearing of sands, through calibration with physical experiments and parametric studies using discrete element method (DEM) to reveal the different mechanics between irregular particles and spherical particles incorporating rolling resistance μr). To achieve this goal, particle shapes of Toyoura sand were captured by micro-computed tomography and reconstructed using a clump generation algorithm in DEM. The use of clumps in DEM led to closer match with experimental results of triaxial tests at various porosities and confining pressures, which could not be achieved by sphere models with μr. With realistic particle shapes, initial rotations of clumps were allowed until they became interlocked, while the load resistance builds up gradually. High coordination numbers were observed, with force chains relatively evenly distributed. In contrast, the use of μr in sphere models promoted the formation of voids that were sustained during the loading process, because rotational motions of particles were hampered by μr and they did not easily collapse into the voids. This was accompanied by polarised strong force network around the voids, leading to more dilative and brittle macroscopic behaviour than observed in physical experiments. These findings illustrate that particle shapes cannot be sufficiently replaced by the use of sphere models and μr due to intrinsic differences in their micro-mechanics.


This review highlights the ubiquity of black carbon (BC) produced by incomplete combustion of plant material and fossil fuels in peats, soils, and lacustrine and marine sediments. We examine various definitions and analytical approaches and seek to provide a common language. BC represents a continuum from partly charred material to graphite and soot particles, with no general agreement on clear‐cut boundaries. Formation of BC can occur in two fundamentally different ways. Volatiles recondense to highly graphitized soot‐BC, whereas the solid residues form char‐BC. Both forms of BC are relatively inert and are distributed globally by water and wind via fluvial and atmospheric transport. We summarize, chronologically, the ubiquity of BC in soils and sediments since Devonian times, differentiating between BC from vegetation fires and from fossil fuel combustion. BC has important implications for various biological, geochemical and environmental processes. As examples, BC may represent a significant sink in the global carbon cycle, affect the Earth's radiative heat balance, be a useful tracer for Earth's fire history, build up a significant fraction of carbon buried in soils and sediments, and carry organic pollutants. On land, BC seems to be abundant in dark‐colored soils, affected by frequent vegetation burning and fossil fuel combustion, thus probably contributing to the highly stable aromatic components of soil organic matter. We discuss challenges for future research. Despite the great importance of BC, only limited progress has been made in calibrating analytical techniques. Progress in the quantification of BC is likely to come from systematic intercomparison using BCs from different sources and in different natural matrices. BC identification could benefit from isotopic and spectroscopic techniques applied at the bulk and molecular levels. The key to estimating BC stocks in soils and sediments is an understanding of the processes involved in BC degradation on a molecular level. A promising approach would be the combination of short‐term laboratory experiments and long‐term field trials.


As a first tranche measure to fight the economic disruption of the lock-down and part of the strategy to revive India's battered economy, a liquidity infusion for the power distribution companies was announced under the Atmanirbhar Bharat (self-reliant India) scheme. The present study aims to discuss the overdue, outstanding, and disputed amounts of the sixty-one power discoms from April 2020 to September 2020. The author pointed out that the amounts due by thediscoms to generator companies have risen to Rs. 94,000 crores while the Indian government will provide only a total liquidity infusion of Rs. 90,000 crores for the needy electricity distribution companies. The payments owed by electricity utilities have risen to Rs. 1.24 lakh crore, which is more than 20 percent higher than for the same period last year. Subsequently, the debts of the discoms to generating companies are growing, making discoms unsustainable as unpaid power producers threaten to stop electricity supply to states.


The incidence of squint in the dysmorphic child has been found to follow a definite pattern. The types of squint associated with various of the most common craniofacial dysostoses are discussed


The widespread incidence of child sexual abuse poses a formidable challenge to society to protect its youngest members. Professionals are faced with the dilemma of responding to the need to evaluate and adjudicate child sexual abuse allegations with uncertain methodology and incomplete knowledge. The danger lies in our legitimizing and institutionalizing unproven methods and fostering illusions about our ability to discern the truth. Our response to this dilemma necessitates careful and cautious examination of what is known, and the values that shape our decisions and actions.


Multivariate increment-decrement working life tables are estimated for a cohort of older men in the US. The approach taken allows multiple processes to be simultaneously incorporated into a single model resulting in a more realistic portrayal of a cohorts labor force behavior. In addition because the life table model is developed from multivariate hazard equations the authors identify the net effects of sociodemographic characteristics on the potentially complex process by which the labor force career is ended. In contrast to the assumed homogeneity of previous working life table analyses the present study shows marked differences in labor force mobility and working and nonworking life expectancy according to occupation class of worker education race and marital status. Policy and substantive implications of these are briefly discussed. (authors)


In this paper, we present a new quality assessment method for palm-dorsa vein image based on multi-feature fusion according to the characteristics of palm-dorsa vein image. We develop a quality assessment function by computing the four parameters of gray variance, information entropy, cross point and area of effect respectively and then weighted fusing. We then feed the function value back to the regulating device with near-infrared light source. The experiment results show that this new method is efficient for getting ideal palm-dorsa vein image by regulating light intensity.


The invention discloses a wild vegetable and dried meat floss pie and a making method of the wild vegetable and dried meat floss pie. The wild vegetable and dried meat floss pie is composed of a pie crust and pie filling, wherein the pie crust comprises, by weight, 40-50 parts of plain flour, 10-15 parts of buckwheat, 5-10 parts of coconut cream powder, 2-3 parts of yeast powder, 1.5-2.5 parts of cream, 2-3 parts of corn syrup, 2-4 parts of sa-son seed gum, 3-5 parts of white granulated sugar and 25-30 parts of purified water; the pie filling comprises, by weight, 10-15 parts of sauropus androgynus, 5-10 parts of sesame leaves, 5-10 parts of garden sorrel, 8-12 parts of dried meat flosses, 0.3-0.4 part of salt, 1-2 parts of white granulated sugar, 0.2-0.3 part of aginomoto and 2-3 parts of fructus hippophae oil. The sauropus androgynus, the sesame leaves and the garden sorrel are added into the pie filling of the wild vegetable and dried meat floss pie besides the dried meat flosses, so that not only is the nutritive value of the wild vegetable and dried meat floss pie improved, but also the healthcare function of the wild vegetable and dried meat floss pie is enhanced. The wild vegetable and dried meat floss pie made according to the method is fragrant, soft, creamy, tasty, agreeable in sweetness and high in nutrition healthcare value, is the optimal food assisting the tea, is also a tourism good cake and a present for relatives and friends, and is deeply loved by broad consumers.


Discussed are certain aspects of Dutch Catholicism with the use of M. Weber's and E. Troeltsch's theories on church and sect. Weber describes the "ideal church" in terms of need for universality, power, and for influence on all aspects of life. This definition is rather close to Dutch Catholicism in 1940: no deviation of dogma is allowed, strong participation in rites, influence of religion in political and other parts of life, Hs of the priest. These characteristics of a church in a minority position already contain, however, the elements for change: no great distance between ecclesiastic and layman; active role of the layman and his independence in political and social organizations; the need for higher education; less bureaucracy than in other countries. The period after WWII shows an increase of nonconformism: many publications, new approaches to the Bible and to parochial work, interest in social sciences and psychology. These changes met resistance by Rome. The controversies culminated in the "Mandement" of 1954. The council organized by Pope Paul proved rather liberal, and created an atmosphere of social and ecclesiastic emancipation. The new denominational consciousness was far from Weber's "ideal church": autonomy of the layman, ecumenical relation, new attitudes towards the dogmas, and changes in the role and education of priests. Denominational consciousness became the main stream of the Catholic church in the Netherlands. Several sects were formed as a reaction. Changes will be more difficult to achieve in the hierarchy of the church. K. Dillman.


Zheng He's voyage to West Ocean was a token of Ming Dynasty's prosperity.The voyage was a peaceful journey.The peace came from Chinese culture which cherishes harmony and peace.China has been magically standing among the nations of the world with an exclusively speedy development of economy, since the reform and open-up began. It is the harmonious and peaceful cultural nature of Chinese that determines that China's rise must be a peaceful one.


In this study we present a scheme for modelocked laser stabilization that narrows the RF linewidth and lowers the timing jitter. The aim of this scheme is to stabilize the pulse repetition frequency (PRF) to be used in an absolute long distance measurement technique. In the most of the stabilization schemes, PRF is kept constant, however in this scheme; the PRF is required to perform a sweep, while achieving a relative error in the order of 10-8 or better within the tuning range. The laser used is a symmetrical cladding single section InAs/InP quantum dash emitting at 1550 nm and with a pulse repetition frequency of 4.37 GHz The techniques proposed for stabilization are hybrid mode-locking and optical feed-back. In hybrid modelocking, the PRF is locked to the local oscillator (LO), lowering the RF linewidth and the jitter. By performing a frequency modulation of LO, the PRF is modulated. The optical feedback technique uses a fraction of the output radiation that is fed back into the laser cavity after a certain delay. If the delay line is correctly adjusted, this will reduce the timing jitter of laser. The progress in this technique is in the synchronization of the LO with the delay line, combining the benefits of both techniques. Performing a sweep in PRF, the synchronization circuit adjusts the delay line to match incoming pulses within the cavity. Preliminary results are showed.


Fermi's golden rule is of great importance in quantum dynamics. However, in many textbooks on quantum mechanics, its contents and limitations are obscured by the approximations and arguments in the derivation, which are inevitable because of the generic setting considered. Here we propose to introduce it by an ideal model, in which the quasi-continuum band consists of equaldistant levels extending from − ∞ to + ∞ , and each of them couples to the discrete level with the same strength. For this model, the transition probability in the first order perturbation approximation can be calculated analytically by invoking the Poisson summation formula. It turns out to be a piecewise linear function of time, demonstrating on the one hand the key features of Fermi's golden rule, and on the other hand that the rule breaks down beyond the Heisenberg time, even when the first order perturbation approximation itself is still valid.


We perform a detailed analysis of experimental data, collected at Osborne Gunnery Range with MacMaster University IPIX radar, to test the theoretical models developed in the literature. A comparison of the amplitude histograms with the K and lognormal distribution shows that VV data exhibit a K behaviour, while HH data are better fitted by a lognormal model and cross-polarised data by a K plus thermal noise model. The results have been confirmed by comparing the first four moments and through a modified version of the Kolmogoroff-Smirnoff test. The validity of the compound model, that identifies two components of clutter fluctuations, has been proved for the VV polarisation. The texture component, deriving from the spatially varying mean level has been isolated, since the speckle component was decorrelated by the frequency agility. These results are of great importance for design of optimum target detection schemes.


ment that the use of ICD treatment as primary prevention increased markedly during this period, in absolute numbers more than 50% from 2005 to 2007. In contrast, the number of patients treated with an ICD as secondary prevention remained stable without any increasing trend. These results indicate that the findings from randomized trials and the recommendations given in recent guidelines on the use of ICD therapy are changing our clinical practice over years. Primary preventive ICD therapy is increasing in the community. As compared with the usage of primary preventive ICD therapy in the USA, the number of patients receiving this therapy in Italy as well as in most other countries is far behind. 2,3 In the US registry cited in the paper by Proclemer et al., the indication for ICD implantation was primary prevention in 79% of the patients. Large national or regional ICD registries are necessary to make such comparisons, the results of which could lead to the question: how many patients should we treat with primary preventive ICD in the future? Is the high numbers already reached in the USA what we should aim for also in Europe? Recently, a critical review put into question whether the clinical benefits of ICD have been overestimated, whether the risks associated with ICD treatment have been underestimated, and whether the cost-effectiveness of ICD therapy also may have been overestimated. 4 Regular reporting of the most recent data from the national ICD registries is a prerequisite for such discussions. Furthermore, registry data are important, as the populations treated clinically are different from the cohorts included in randomized controlled trials, and the treatment outcome in the clinically treated populations may differ markedly from that found in clinical trials. In the Italian registry, reporting to the registry was voluntary. Based upon comparison with the sales data, the present report represents data on 90% of the total Italian ICD activity during this period. The data, therefore, can be considered fairly representative for the Italian ICD population. However, the data missing in such voluntarily based registries may be different from the data reported. The data missing may hide a different patient population with a different clinical outcome. Therefore, the future reporting to national device registries should be mandatory to complete the data, if necessary implemented by coupling the reporting of data to reimbursement.


A nationwide need for information characterizing hydrologic conditions in mined and potential mine areas has become paramount with the enactment of the "Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977." This report is designed to be useful to the mine owners, mine operators, and others by presenting information about the existing hydrologic conditions and by identifying sources of hydrologic information. General hydrologic information is presented using a brief text with an accompanying map, chart, graph, or other illustration for each of a series of water-resources-related topics. The summation of the topical discussions provides a description of the hydrology of the area. The eastern region of the Interior Coal Province has been divided into 11 hydrologic study areas. These are shown on the cover of this report. The divisions are based on hydrologic factors, location, and size. Hydrologic units (surface drainage basins) are combined to form each study area. Study area 25 is located in west-central Illinois. It includes parts of three physiographic divisions: the Galesburg Plain, the Springfield Plain, and the Bloomington Ridged Plain. The drainage basins in the area are the Spoon River, Sugar Creek, Kickapoo Creek, and small tributaries to the Illinois River. Coal is found in Pennsylvanian rocks underlying most of the study area. Seventy-five different coal members have been identified in Illinois. Commercial coal mining in Illinois began in 1810. At present, Illinois is second only to Montana in total coal reserves. Among the 50 States, Illinois ranks first in total reserves of bituminous coal and coal reserves with the highest total heat content. Loess soils cover most of the study area and are slowly to moderately permeable. These soils are of moderate to high productivity under a high level of management. Agriculture is the dominant land use. Water from surface-water impoundments and rivers makes up 97 percent of all the water used. Precipitation averages 34 to 35 inches across the area with about 22 inches occurring from April to September. The U.S. Geological Survey operates a network of eight hydrologic monitoring stations in the study area. Streamflow, water levels, and water-quality data are collected. These data are available from computer storage through the National Water Data Exchange (NAWDEX) managed by the U.S. Geological Survey. The major hydrologic problems related to surface mining are degradation of water quality and sedimentation. Water quality can be altered as a result of drainage of mine sites into the surrounding area and into the streams. Natural conditions may neutralize acidic waters but increased concentrations of dissolved trace elements can remain in the waters. High rates of sedimentation can result from the lack of soil cover and the disturbed conditions left by mining operations. 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Objective AREA 25 REPORT TO AID PERMITTING Existing hydrologic conditions and identification of sources of hydrologic information are described. A need for hydrologic information and analysis on a scale never before required nationally was initiated when the "Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977" was enacted as Public Law 95-87 on August 3,1977. This need is partially met by this report which broadly characterizes the hydrology of Area 25 in the eastern region of the Interior Coal Province in west-central Illinois (fig. 1.1-1). This report is one of a series that covers the coal provinces nationwide. The report contains a brief text with an accompanying map, chart, graph, or other illustration for each of a number of water-resources-related topics. The summation of the topical discussions provides a description of the hydrology of the area. The hydrologic information presented or available through sources identified in this report may be used in describing the hydrology of the "general area" of any proposed mine. Furthermore, it is expected that this hydrologic information will be supplemented with specific site data as well as data from other sources to provide a more detailed picture of the hydrology in the vicinity of the mine and the anticipated hydrologic consequences of the mining operation. The information contained herein should be useful to surface-mine owners, mine operators, and consulting engineers in the preparation of permits and to regulatory authorities in appraising the adequacy of permit applications.


PT. Selamat Lestari Mandiri Sukabumi is one of the companies located in
Sukabumi City which is engaged in the sale of cars, spare parts, and service spare
parts Toyota brand. This study aims to determine the effect of organizational
culture factors on employee loyalty at PT. Selamat Lestari Mandiri Sukabumi.
This research is descriptive and associative research, data analysis technique using path analysis to measure direct and indirect influence between variables.
Based on the result of the research, it is found that the direct effect of X1 to Y is 0.03%, while the indirect effect through X2 is 0.11%, the indirect effect through X3 is 0,003%, the indirect influence through X4 is 0,015%, indirect influence through X5 by 0,044%, and indirect effect through X6 equal to 0,04%. the direct influence of X2 on Y is 16%, whereas the indirect effect through X3 is
0,003%, the indirect effect through X4 is 0,65%, and the indirect influence through X6 is 0,802%. the direct influence of X3 to Y is 0.03%, while the indirect effect through X4 is 0.006%, and the indirect effect of X5 is 0,034%, the indirect effect of X6 is 0,013%. the direct effect of X4 to Y is 1.37%, the indirect effect of
X5 is 0.38%, the indirect effect through X6 0.013. the direct influence of X5 to Y is 1.17%, the indirect effect through X6 is 0.38%. The immediate effect of X6 to Y is 1.17% Result of calculation Hypothesis Test F count> F table that is 2,292> 1,91 so H1 accepted and H0. That is, there is a positive and significant influence between organizational culture on employee loyalty and Partial Hypothesis Test that is X1 to Y 0.113 ≤ 1.67793. X2 against Y 2,936 ≥ 1.67793. X3 to Y 0.009 ≤ 1.67793. X4 against Y 0.848 ≤ 0, 67793. X5 against Y 0.863 ≤ 1.67793. X6 against 0.863 ≤ 1.67793. So that the dominant variable affecting employee loyalty
in this study is the norm


Objective To study the effect ofmethylprednisolone (MP) on the expression of heatshock protein 70 (HSP70) following the injury of spinal cord (SC1) in rats. Methods 125 SD rots wererandomly divided into 5 groups: the simple operation group (n=30), the MP control group (n=30), theinjury group (n=30), the MP treatment group (n=30) and the normal control group (n=5). Specimen of thespinal cord were collected at 2, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 h after SCI, respectively. Their pathomorphology wasobserved and HSP70 expression was detected by immunohistochemistry. Results After treatment ofMP, the secondary injury was lightened, according to the HE staining of the specimen.lmmunohistochemistry revealed that there were no HSP70 expression in the normal control group and theMP control group, that there was a little HSP70 in the simple operation group, and that there was a lot ofHSP70 in the injury group 2 h after injury, and the expression peaked at 24 h and maintained to 72 h afterinjury. The expression was significantly increased and the peak of expression was in advance in the MPtreatment group as compared with injury group, and it was also found in neuropil of white substance ofspinal cord. Conclusion High-dose NIP can obviously increase the expression of HSP70 in injuredspinal cord, and has the peak time of expression in advance, and enlarge the scope of expression. It maybe one of the mechanism to protect the spinal cord that MP guide myeloid tissue to overexpress HSP70after spinal cord injury.

Key words:
Methylprednisolone; Injury of spinal cord; Heat shock protein 70


The advent of modern sequencing techniques has facilitated sequencing of the entire human genome. Single Nulceotide Polymorphisms (SNP's) are of tremendous interest to biologists since SNP's in the coding region of the DNA have been found to be a major cause of various genetic disorders. A detailed analysis of all the existing SNP's in the human genome could throw light on the causes and effects of inheritance of various genetic diseases. This information can be used by pharmacogeneticists to develop new drugs or techniques to cure genetic disorders, which could revolutionize disease treatment. We have made an attempt to produce a summary of the amino acid jumps related to the Single Nulcleotide Polymorphisms (SNP's) in the human genome. The summary of observed amino acid jumps and theoretical amino acid jumps have been compared and the discrepancy in their results has been recorded. The same analysis can also be extended to the genome of other organisms. To Mom Dad and Bunny


The problems created by inadequate financing of health care for children are generally ignored in our current crisis over health-care costs. Inadequate financing leads to unnecessary health problem...


The success of students in dealing with the globalization era of scientific literacy needs to be supported by practising skills, one of the skills that must be mastered by students in the science process skills and scientific questioning skills. This study aims to determine the implementation of the question webs based learning model of learning to improve science process skills and scientific questioning skills in grade X students at SMAN 1 Darul Imarah using a quasi-experimental method with nonequivalent control group design. The samples were taken by purposive sampling technique which was then divided into experimental and control groups. The data were collected from pretest and posttest scores which were then tested based on N-gain values. The results showed that the score of science process skills and scientific questioning skills of experimental class students obtained higher mean scores than control class mean scores. Statistically, it can be seen that testing the results of tests using the t-test 4.507 for science process skills and 29.79 for scientific questioning skills with a significant difference. The conclusion of this study shows that the question web-based learning model improve science process skills and scientific questioning skills compared to conventional models.


The Rotor design is an important part in mechanical components design process of the electric motor, because it largely determines the performance and lifetime of the engine. In this paper rotor of the permanent magnet electric motor, with the specification 18 kW , 6 poles , and 6000 rpm nominal speed was designed. According to the specification, so the smallest rotor shaft diameter can be obtained, that is 38 mm. In bearing selection process, the smallest rotor shaft diameter used as a reference . Bearing type chosen is 6308 LLB, can be used for 5 years, assuming the motor to work for 15 hours / day. At the final stage of validation was done using ANSYS software to determine whether the strength of the rotor structure meets the specifications. Simulation results show that the maximum stress occurs at rotor 2,7643x107 N / m 2 is smaller than the material maximum allowable stress 1,6x108 N / m 2. This indicates that the shaft is designed to operate safely on the prescribed specifications.


Our study takes into account the way in which both academic and personal trust has an effect on the motivation of students and their perceived performance. To do this we sent an online survey in which we asked higher education students to evaluate their professors as a whole using a Likert scale. The independent variables were academic trust and personal trust, whilst the dependent variables were motivation and perceived performance. The results showed a positive correlation between academic trust and motivation, as well as with perceived performance. The same result was achieved when studying personal trust in regards to motivation and perceived performance. This implies that there is an important positive relationship between trust and the general performance of students in class. The ramifications of our study on future research push for the idea that trust must be seen from differing perspectives, and that it is an implicit part of teaching skills.


Liu Yuxi and Liu Zongyuan had the same destiny of being relegated. Their similar experiences made their patterns of expressing relegating feelings similar. They both expressed their grievances and resentment of being suppressed and exiled by identifying with Qu Yuan; both transmitted a deep feeling of discouragement by concerning perversely and using repeatedly numeral-classifier compounds of time and space; both displayed a feeling of being detained by depicting restrained birds sedulously; both shed their great misery of wandering and unbearable feeling of missing their native lands through frequent ascending a height and enjoying a distant view. All the characteristics above became the most common of expressing relegating feelings in poetry of Tang dynasty.


We introduce a Probabilistic Grammar-Markov Model (PGMM) which couples probabilistic context free grammars and Markov Random Fields. These PGMMs are generative models defined over attributed features and are used to detect and classify objects in natural images. PGMMs are designed so that they can perform rapid inference, parameter learning, and the more difficult task of structure induction. PGMMs can deal with unknown pose (position, orientation, and scale) in both inference and learning, different appearances, or aspects, of the model. They are learnt in an unsupervised manner where the input is a set of images with the object somewhere in the image (at different poses) and with variable background. We also extend this to learning PGMMs for classes of objects (where an unknown object from the class is present in each image). The goal of this paper is theoretical but, to provide proof of concept, we demonstrate results from this approach on a subset of the Caltech 101 dataset (learning on a training set and evaluating on a testing set). Our results are generally comparable with the current state of the art, and our inference is performed in less than five seconds.


The sections in this article are

1
Standards for Document Interchange

2
The Standard Generalized Markup Language

3
Continuous Acquisition and Life-Cycle Support

4
The Hypertext Markup Language and the Extensible Markup Language

5
Hypermedia/Time Based Structuring Language

6
Document Layout

7
Multimedia and Hypermedia Information Coding Expert Group

8
Presentation Environment for Multimedia Objects

9
Conclusion


This paper introduces the design of 800kW doubly-fed induction machine (DFIM) system, which include DFIM system's structure, vector control strategy and the operation of converter. Three-phase, half-wave cycloconverter and stator flux-orientated vector control are adopted to achieve motor speed control and permit leading power factor (PF) operation on the stator side. There is no inter-group reactor in the cycloconverter and the operation of converter is different when the motor exchanges its state from asynchronous to AC excitation. This system has been experimented in a pump station. Experimental waveforms and analysis are given.


An oral dosage form comprising from 2 to 75 particles, each particle consisting of: (i) a core comprising a gelling agent in the form of a tablet; (Ii) an active layer comprising a drug capable of abuse surrounding the core; and (iii) optionally an outer coating directly over the tablet core coated end; wherein the dosage form releases at least 85% of the drug in the first 45 minutes, as determined by in vitro dissolution in a USP 1 apparatus (basket) at 100 rpm in 900 ml simulated gastric fluid (SGF) without enzymes at 37 ° C; and wherein the viscosity of the dosage form mixed with between 0.5 and 10 mL of an aqueous liquid is at least 10 mPa · s (10 cP).


This chapter analyzes possible strategies of Kyoto Protocol Parties to induce the United States to adopt a more stringent greenhouse gas target in 2010. Possible strategies analyzed are trade measures, adoption of developing country commitments, and sharing the benefits of research spending. Each potential strategy has a benefit or cost to the United States. The analysis calculates the incremental emission reduction target for the United States corresponding to the benefit or cost of the strategy. The maximum effect of the threats/incentives by Kyoto Protocol Parties would be to reduce the U.S. target for 2010 a little below 2000 emissions, but still above its 1990 emissions and well above its proposed Kyoto Protocol target.


Linear motors are promising in improving the manufacturing equipments' performance because of eliminating the flexible coupling component. However, the force ripple produced by the linear motors directly causes the feed fluctuation and thus degrades the motion precision. This article utilizes a feed-forward controller added to the feedback one to compensate its effect for the sake of simplicity and robustness. Considering that the force ripple is periodic to the position, a position-dependent multi-order harmonic model is built and used as the feed-forward controller. In order to obtain the controller parameters for various applications, an iterative tuning method is proposed. This method has the advantage that both the high performance for different trajectories tracking and the robustness to disturbances are guaranteed. Experiments on a linear motor illustrate that the parameters converge rapidly. The results show that the tracking performance is improved greatly and the tracking errors are reduced by 60% at least.


As the extensive applications and fast development of data publishing and data mining,how to protect private data to prevent the disclosure of sensitive information,has already become a current research hotspot.This paper analyzes the privacy preserving technology respectively from the two aspects,and makes further comparison and analysis of existing algorithms.Finally,we point out two directions can be in-depth study in this field.


A massive increase in the number of mobile devices and data-hungry vehicular network applications creates a great challenge for mobile network operators (MNOs) to handle huge data in cellular infrastructure. However, due to fluctuating wireless channels and high mobility of vehicular users, it is even more challenging for MNOs to deal with vehicular users within a licensed cellular spectrum. Data offloading in the vehicular environment plays a significant role in offloading the vehicle's data traffic from congested cellular network's licensed spectrum to the free unlicensed WiFi spectrum with the help of roadside units (RSUs). In this article, an intelligent reward-based data offloading in the next generation vehicular networks (IR-DON) architecture is proposed for dynamic optimization of data traffic and selection of intelligent RSU. Within the IR-DON architecture, an intelligent access network discovery and selection function (I-ANDSF) module with $Q$ -learning, a reinforcement learning algorithm is designed. The I-ANDSF is modeled under a software-defined network (SDN) controller to solve the dynamic optimization problem by performing an efficient offloading. This increases the overall system throughput by choosing an optimal and intelligent RSU in the network selection process. The simulation results have shown the accurate network traffic classification, optimal network selection, guaranteed quality of service, reduced delay, and higher throughput achieved by the I-ANDSF module.


This study aims to produce a Decision Support System (DSS) applicationsforpromoting an employees to be a manager using a method of Analytical Hierarchy Process which is restricted to use a maximum of 10 criteria and 10 sub-criteria for each criteria. Windows desktop-based application developed using Visual Basic.Net 2010 with the support of databases using Microsoft SQL SERVER 2005. The method used in this research is grounded research which is a research method based on the facts and using comparative analysis with the aim of holding an empirical generalization, define the concept, the theory, elaborated a theory, collect data and analysis of data at the same time. DSS is already built to provide the information criteria and subcriteria for assessing the performance of employees with reference to several criteria that have been set by the head of the company, which includes seven criterias: Leadership, Social skill, Knowledge, Skill, Quality of work, Work experience, Management skill. From the results of testing of the system developed using the AHP method, can be concluded that system has been running correctly, so that these system can be used to help the company to carry out the selection of managersfastly, practically, and accurately .


Filament density of Aphanizomenon flos‐aquae (Lemmerm.) Ralfs, water temperature and soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) were measured from April to August in 1993–1996 in Lake Barato, Hokkaido, Japan. In addition, growth characteristics and internal phosphorus (P) utilization of Aph. flos‐aquae were evaluated under P limitation at three temperatures (15, 20 and 25†C) to clarify the role of internal accumulated P for its growth in the incubation experiment. The filament density was highest in early July 1994, when SRP concentration had not yet decreased and the water temperature was high. These are important factors favoring an increase in abundance of this species in L. Barato. During batch culture, the time course of the stationary phase was shortest at 25†C and longest at 15†C; the cellular C:P molar ratio was 111 under P sufficiency and increased eight‐ to 12‐fold under P limitation. As the C:P ratio was significantly higher in the decreasing phase at 15†C, Aph. flos‐aquae may be more adaptable to Plimitation at 15†C than at 20†C and 25†C. However, the low temperatures did not favor the abundance of Aph. flos‐aquae in 1996. This indicates that the filament density of Aph. flos‐aquae decreases before it reaches the maximum value for some reason under P limitation in L. Barato.


The present invention relates to a plate heater having a substrate having at least one surface of the substrate, a heating layer for electrically heating the substrate, the electric heating layer extends at least on a portion of the substrate surface and at least two are provided for connecting a voltage source the electrodes are connected to form a current circuit in the heating current between the electrodes. Each having the heating layer is at least one free end of the spacer region is electrically divided region. Current circuit to change its flow direction in the region of the free ends. Decreases in the direction of the end zone on the area of each end of each spacer region adjoining the transition region, the transition region is formed so as to make the electric conductivity of the heating layer toward freedom.


Abstract Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death caused by single pathogenic microorganism, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). The study aims to explore the associations of microRNA (miRNA) single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with pulmonary TB (PTB) risk. A population-based case−control study was conducted, and 168 newly diagnosed smear-positive PTB cases and 251 non-TB controls were recruited. SNPs located within miR-27a (rs895819), miR-423 (rs6505162), miR-196a-2 (rs11614913), miR-146a (rs2910164), miR-618 (rs2682818) were selected and MassARRAY® MALDI-TOF System was employed for genotyping. SPSS19.0 was adopted for statistical analysis, non-conditional logistic regression was performed. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were computed to estimate the associations. Associations of haplotypes with PTB risk were performed with online tool. Rs895819 CT/CC genotype was associated with reduced PTB risk among female population (OR = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.23–0.98), P = 0.045. Haplotypes (combined with rs895819, rs2682818, rs2910164, rs6505162 and rs11614913) TCCCT, TAGCC, CCCCC, CCGCT and TCGAT were associated with reduced PTB risk and the ORs were 0.67 (95% CI: 0.45–0.99), 0.49 (0.25–0.94), 0.34 (95% CI: 0.14–0.81), 0.22 (95% CI: 0.06–0.84) and 0.24 (95% CI: 0.07–0.79), respectively; while the haplotypes of TAGCT, CCCCT, CACCT and TCCAT were associated with increased PTB risk, and the ORs were 3.63 (95% CI: 1.54–8.55), 2.20 (95% CI: 1.00–4.86), 3.90 (95% CI: 1.47–10.36) and 2.95 (95% CI: 1.09–7.99), respectively. Rs895819 CT/CC genotype was associated with reduced female PTB risk and haplotype TCCCT, TAGCC, CCCCC, CCGCT and TCGAT were associated with reduced PTB risk, while TAGCT, CCCCT, CACCT and TCCAT were associated with increased risk.


Simultaneous pulse compression and mode selection of gain-switched pulses from a Fabry-Perot semiconductor laser are demonstrated using a chirped optical fiber Bragg grating, which has transformed initially chirped 60-ps pulses from an inexpensive multimode laser into a train of 12-ps single-mode pulses with a side-mode suppression ratio of 15.2 dB.<<ETX>>


Abstract A near-real-time method for the detection and estimation of methyl nitrite (MeNO2) gas was needed in a chemical production facility where MeNO2 gas was generated. Preliminary work with indicating tubes for nitrogen oxides revealed that a freshly generated stream of MeNO2 gas produced a color change on the tubes. A formal study was designed to determine whether the method demonstrated the desired sensitivity and whether the response was quantitative. MeNO2 gas was generated in a laboratory-scale reaction identical to the reaction used in the production facility. MeNO2 was confirmed as present, in the generated gas, by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) through the use of an infrared absorbance band between 800 and 900 cm-1. Low levels of nitrogen dioxide and methanol were also present in the neat gas. Dilute atmospheres of MeNO2 were prepared in Tedlar™ bags. Samples were drawn from the Tedlar bags through the indicating tubes using a bellows hand pump. Four bags were prepared at each of five conce...


A state space model of interconnected rigid bodies is developed that is conceptually simple, employs a relatively small number of parameters for the representation of each link, and allows connection of an arbitrary number of elements in open or closed chains. The connection to other elements may be at arbitrary locations and with arbitrary joint constraints. Further, it allows for easy insertion of muscle-like actuators. The model involves three nonlinear feedback loops for each rigid body: local angular velocity, state feedback for connection and joint constraints, and finally, output muscle feedback. This model is most suitable for computer simulation of large natural and man-made systems. The basic characteristics of this model and two examples are presented.


Background : comparative study of the features of reparative processes in the bone during installation of titanium implants with sandblasted exposed microarc subsequent oxidation in alkaline electrolytes containing Ca and P, with the osteoinductive preparation and without. Materials and methods. Histologically are examined 24adult rabbits tissue samples from the body area of titanium implant with osteoinductive preparation and without 7, 14, 28, 56 and 112 days after operation. Results. It is revealed that the implantation of titanium implants subjected to micro-arc oxidation in alkaline electrolytes containing Ca and P and without the use of osteoinductive drug leads to poorly pronounced inflammatory response and the processes of bone formation takes a longer period of time. The usage of identical implants with osteoinductive preparation "CollapAn-gel" led to a less pronounced inflammatory response and a more active process of bone formation. Conclusion. The use of titanium implants subject to sandblasted microarc oxidation in alkaline electrolytes containing Ca and P can be effectively combined with osteoinductive agents to get the best clinical outcomes and achieve shorter bone restoration terms.


Coal mine focuses on the management of electrical and mechanical equipment in need of repair equipment,at the same time the analysis of mechanical and electrical equipment repair in the pros and cons.Explained the upgrading of electrical and mechanical equipment is imperative,from which we can see that the reasonable maintenance of equipment,modified in a timely manner.


This paper presents some data from an two months experiment. The examined dataset included three polarimetric X-band weather radars supplemented by MRRs, disdrometers and rain-gauges. The focus of the paper is on the radar observations. The recorded rain events were of low intensity and this didn't permit a more advanced evaluation of radars performance. Thus, instead of just showing some daily statistics and example data from three rain events with typical stratiform rain characteristics, the authors could present methods of data processing. For example, they have a network of three radars which overlap in the area of interest and, thus, a detailed comparison between the radars (and the rest of sensors like the MMR, disdrometers and raingauges)


Alkyl polyglycoside(APG) is a new type of non-ionic surfactant with excellent properties.Because it is referred to be"green" and "environmental protection",its application is gettingmore and more popular.The synthetic methods and physical and chemical properties of alkyl polyglycoside are mainly summarized in this paper,and its application in various industries is also described.Finally,the prospect of its derivative is briefly expected,which further expanded the scope of application.


EDF has determined categories of electrical equipment and analysed the environmental impact of the equipment components in each category. For the most critical types of equipment, an environmental impact study has been conducted covering different stages in the product life cycle. on the basis of this study, initial selection has been performed to identify equipment that should be covered by a special end-of-life management policy. This new method fits in with existing life-cycle analysis and functional analysis practices. In addition, a database on regulatory requirements and material characteristics has been set up. The method will be validated on test cases and implemented throughout the company.


Multibody charm decays have a rich phenomenology and potentially unique sensitivity to CP violation. In these proceedings we discuss recent results, challenges and prospects in searches for CP violation in three and four body charm decays.


This paper explores the roles played by law in crisis management of financial markets and some possible consequences. Three questions are raised ‐‐about the 'elastic' use of law, about 'sidestepping' existing legal order by invention of new structures and about redistributive consequences. These questions are appraised empirically in relation to three areas of financial market law: public support given to banking from 2008 onwards; English case law concerning derivatives contracts when confronted with Lehman‐style insolvencies; and the European Stability Mechanism, which during summer 2015 was being primed in relation to Greece. On the first two case studies, law, having been mightily stretched, did not break. Likewise, legal sidestepping, as epitomised by the European Stability Mechanism, may result in a less coherent legal structure; however such incoherence may be not be fatal to the ensemble. On all three fronts, redistributive questions remain controversial, but controversy in itself does not undermine legal structures. A particular form of theory, the Legal Theory of Finance, is discussed in light of the case studies. Such theory may have an unfulfilled longing to discern law‐like regularities (ironically chasing economics).


Objective To explore the clinical significance of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1)in children with Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis(HSPN).At the same time compare the association between serum and urine MCP-1,to investigate the impact of the both on them in children with HSPN.Methods Serum and urine MCP-1 were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay in 50 children with Henoch-Schonlein purpura(HSP)(25 cases of them patients with renal injures),and 25 healthy children,the changes of serum and urine MCP-1 were compared;at the same time serum urea nitrogen,creatinine,urinary albumin,urine N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase(NAG),urine β2-MG,24 hours urinary levels of protein were investigated in children with HSPN by analyzing the correlation between these indicators and serum and urine MCP-1;urine MCP-1 in HSPN group were measured in recovery period,and were compared with urine MCP-1 in HSP group and HSPN group in acute period.Results 1.The expressions of urine MCP-1 was significantly higher in HSPN group than those in HSP group and healthy controls(P0.05),but no significant difference was found between HSP group and the healthly controls(P0.05).2.Urine MCP-1 levels were associated with proteinuria in children with HSPN,but serum MCP-1 levels had nothing to do with HSPN.3.There was a close correlation between urine MCP-1 expression and urinary albumin,urine NAG,urine β2-MG and 24 hours urinary levels of protein,but the expression of urine MCP-1 levels were not correlated with the serum urea nitrogen and creatinine.4.There was statistical significance in urine MCP-1 in acute and recovery periods with HSPN group(P0.01).Conclusions MCP-1 was the inflammatory response factor in acute phase with HSPN,which might play a role in inflammatory injury;urine MCP-1 might be a reliable predictor to evaluate the degree of renal injury in children with HSP.


Female GPs are far more likely to have children than female hospital doctors.

More than 80% of female GPs had children, compared with 49% of hospital doctors, according to a new study, which also found that six out of 10 female GPs chose general practice because they felt it involved working fewer hours.

The study's authors say that their findings highlight the need for employers to take prompt action to help women balance a successful career and family life ( Family Practice 2003;20:486-8).

The authors, from the University of Birmingham's Department of Primary Care …


Sport and recreational activity is a vital part of today's society, and athletic training researchers are playing an important role in gaining a better understanding of how to promote safe and healthy participation for athletes of all ages. This article aims to illustrate the importance of research to prevent and effectively treat sport and recreational injuries. Increased physical activity among Americans is helping to combat chronic diseases such as obesity and diabetes, but injuries related to increased activity are on the rise. We must be responsible in our approach to promoting physical activity and participation in sport, while minimizing risk of injury. Athletic training researchers and colleagues from other disciplines within kinesiology, allied health sciences, and medicine must work collaboratively to identify predispositions to athletic injuries and illnesses. They must further conduct prospective studies that will help clinicians better manage these injuries and prevent their recurrence. This article highlights the progress that athletic training researchers have made to bridge the gap between research and clinical practice.


Design of a microstrip array antenna to achieve dual circular polarization is proposed in this paper. The proposed antenna is a 2×2 array antenna where each patch element is circularly polarized. The feed network has microstrip lines, cross slot lines and air-bridges. The array antenna can excite both right-hand circular polarization (RHCP) and left-hand circular polarization (LHCP) without using any 90° hybrid circuit or PIN diode. "Both-sided MIC Technology" is used to design the feed network as it provides flexibility to place several types of transmission lines on both sides of the dielectric substrate. The design frequency of the proposed array antenna is 10 GHz. The simulated return loss exhibits an impedance bandwidth of greater than 5% and the 3-dB axial ratio bandwidths for both RHCP and LHCP are approximately 1.39%. The structure and the basic operation along with the simulation results of the proposed dual circularly polarized array antenna are demonstrated in this paper.


Rationale and Objectives. The shortage of academic radiologists reveals an urgent need to attract more residents intoacademic careers. A great deal of attention has been focused on research, but few programmatic initiatives have addressedthe development of the next generation of radiology educators. The purpose of this study was to develop and test a new3-month residency elective in education.Materials and Methods. A large academic radiology department developed a 3-month education elective, during whichtwo residents would be relieved of clinical duties and focus full-time on tasks related to their development as educators,including the completion of a major educational project.Results. Two residents, in their 3rd year and 4th year of residency, respectively, proposed to collaborate in developing aWeb-delivered tutorial for the department's senior medical student clerkship. At the end of 3 months, their radiology tuto-rial was introduced. In its 1st month, it received a mean rating of 4.3 on a five-point scale. The residents stated that theelective had enabled them to develop important skills in instructional technology, put into practice their enhanced under-standing of learning psychology, and substantially strengthened their overall commitment to academic careers.Conclusion. It is vital that residency programs focus on developing the next generation of radiology educators. This ongo-ing education elective represents one successful model.Key Word. Education.


Abstract The term "stage" appears to be used in three general senses in theories of behavioral development: (a) as a metaphor: (b) as a description of behaviors that undergo age change; (c) as an explanation of age-related changes in behavior. Although most existing stage models are purely descriptive, a few of them purport to have explanatory power. One such model, Piaget's stages of cognitive development, is considered in this paper. To be viewed as potentially explanatory, a stage model must describe some behaviors that undergo age change, posit antecedent variables believed to cause the changes, and provide procedures whereby the behavioral changes and the antecedent variables can be independently measured. Piaget's stages seem to satisfy some but not all of these requirements. Piaget's stages describe many agerelated changes in behavior, and some antecedent variables have been proposed. However, procedures do not exist for measuring the two factors independently. In lieu of such procedures, Piaget has outlined a "program" of five empirical criteria whereby the reality of his stages can ostensibly be verified. Some objections to these criteria are considered. The five criteria in Piaget's program are invariant sequence, cognitive structure, integration, consolidation, and equilibration. Three of the criteria (invariant sequence, integration, and consolidation) lead to the same sorts of empirical predictions (culturally universal sequences in the acquisition of certain behaviors). Such predictions are subject to the objection that Piagetian invariant sequences are often measurement sequences. A measurement sequence is said to occur when some late-appearing behavior consists of some earlier-appearing behavior plus additional things. The cognitive structure criterion is subject to at least three criticisms: First, it yields, at most, descriptions of behavior; second, these are often nothing more than descriptions of task structure; third, they cannot be regarded as unique to the given stages for which they are posited. The fifth criterion, equilibration, generates some predictions that might be considered as prima facie evidence for the existence of stages. However, these predictions conflict with the current data base on Piaget's stages. It is concluded that there is no compelling support for Piaget's hypothesis that his cognitive stages do more than describe age-related changes in behavior. Since explanatory statements involving stages appear with some regularity in Piagetian and neo-Piagetian writings, there are grounds for supposing this conclusion to be nontrivial.


The invention belongs to the field of edible oil dehydration, and provides a sesame oil dehydration device. The device provided by the invention comprises an adsorbent inlet, a sesame oil inlet, a reactor, a stirrer, a heater, a motor, a speed changer, a filter and a transfer pump, wherein the adsorbent inlet and the sesame oil inlet are arranged on the upper portion of the reactor; the stirrer and the heater are installed inside the reactor; the motor is installed on the top of the reactor; the stirrer is connected with the motor through the speed changer; and the filter communicates with the reactor through the transfer pump. According to the sesame oil dehydration device, a mixed solution of the sesame oil to be dehydrated and an adsorbent is heated and stirred by the heater and the stirrer, and the mixed solution is filtered and separated by the adoption of the filter to obtain the sesame oil, trace water of which is dehydrated. In addition, silica gel is used for dehydration to dry and absorb water, thus preventing the addition of original drying agent and peculiar smell of the product.


Let f be a real function on R , let { I v } be a family of intervals covering a set E such that m ( E ∩ I v ) ≥ m ` f ( E ∩ I v ) ´ for each I v . We prove that m ` f ( E ) ´ ≤ 2 · m ( E ). No coefficient smaller than 2 will suffice here in general.


Fucoidan with its excellent biological activities such as growth promotion, antioxidant and strong immunity, is widely used in animal production. The present study was conducted to investigate the influences of feeding fucoidan on growth performance, biochemical indices, immunity, the antibacterial ability of plasma, the digestive enzyme activity of the intestine, antioxidant capacity, and the histological structure of liver in juvenile common carp. Five experimental diets added with 0 (Diet 1), 500 (Diet 2), 1,000 (Diet 3), 1,500 (Diet 4), and 2,000 (Diet 5) mg/kg fucoidan were fed to triplicate groups of 30 fish (35.83 ± 0.24 g) respectively for 8 weeks. The results showed that fish fed diets with a fucoidan supplementation of 1,666.67–1,757 mg/kg might have the best growth performance (p< 0.05). The levels of plasma total protein (TP) and albumin (ALB) in Diet 3, Diet 4, and Diet 5 were higher than those in Diet 1 and Diet 2 (p< 0.05). Moreover, the contents of plasma C3, LYZ, and IgM; the antibacterial ability of serum; and the activity of SOD, CAT, POD, and GPX in the liver, and ACP, AKP, LPS, AMS, and TRY in the intestine significantly improved; the contents of LPO and MDA in the liver were notably decreased in diets with fucoidan supplement (p< 0.05). Furthermore, the activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and the contents of total bilirubin (TB) and glucose (Glu) in Diet 5 were the highest among the groups. Meanwhile, proinflammatory factors (plasma IL-6 and IL-1β) had a higher expression, but anti-inflammatory factors (plasma IL-1) had a lower expression in Diet 5 (p > 0.05). It indicated that a higher dose (2,000 mg/kg) of fucoidan may induce inflammation and metabolic disorders. Interestingly, histological results of liver also indicated that dietary fucoidan intake in certain amounts (500–1,500 mg/kg) could ameliorate hepatic morphology, but the high dosage (2,000 mg/kg) probably damaged the liver. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study on the application of fucoidan as a functional additive to juvenile common carp. The results of the present study can be used to guide the application of fucoidan in healthy aquaculture and can further reveal the effect and mechanism of fucoidan on the nutritional physiology of aquatic animals.


In this study, seven different brands of pomegranate molasses purchased from the local markets of Bursa, Turkey, were analyzed for the chemical components, some of which are important for nutrition and health. Four samples were found to contain glucose syrup, one of which was found to have very high amount of hydroxymethylfurfural (1524.98 mg/kg). Analyses showed that protein, invert sugar, total sugar and total polyphenol contents of the samples were ranged 0.08-1.54 g/100g, 21.60-57.60 g/100 g, 44.80 - 65.3 g/100 g and 551.61-9695.17 mg/kg, respectively, while the antioxidant activity of the samples were found to be between 0 to 46.31%. The samples were also found rich in minerals e.g. potassium (450-4700 mg/100g), calcium (71.88-1803.63 mg/100g), magnesium (7.48-409.10 mg/100g) and iron (1.05-22.99 mg/100g). As some of the components were found in more amounts than the limits of the relevant standard, it is suggested that the production techniques for pomegranate molasses should be improved and optimized.


Throughout this chapter, we are concerned with the existence of periodic non-collision solutions of some systems that include the classical newtonian models for the motion of a point particle under the influence of a gravitational or electrostatic potential and an external periodic force.


There is a little bit of "smoke and mirrors" going on in Australian higher education. The Commonwealth Government has set the sector a target that, by 2020, 20 per cent of undergraduate university students should come from low socioeconomic status (SES) backgrounds.


177 Stewart provides in the next two chapters. Critical spatial theory represents a new approach in studies in the social sciences and humanities, going beyond the study of human existence in relation to time only (pp. 30–61). Philosophers and geographers like H. Lefebrve, D. Harvey, E. Soja and E. Casey present space not as something "given," as a container for human action, but as "a cultural element, produced by societies and replicating (though possibly occasionally subverting) those societies' power structures" (p. 43). Stewart's main interest in the following chapters lies in these power relations embedded in the descriptions of place. "Space in Ancient texts" is an excellent presentation of how ancient philosophers, geographers and historians viewed space, starting with how they understood oikoumene, the world (pp. 62–167). Their main interest was the relations between the nature and climate of a region and human social forms and character. They were also concerned with divisions of the world and distinctions between center and periphery. Stewart builds mainly on Greek and Roman writers like Herodotus, Strabo, and Pliny and includes in the same chapter Jewish material, since Jewish authors shared the general views on space and geography in Antiquity. Chapter 4 moves to a mapping of local areas, including architecture and buildings (pp. 128–78). Stewart starts with the importance of cities as central places in terms of civilization and power. Houses, temples and synagogues marked civilized areas from non-civilized. In contrast "borders, frontiers and borderlands" were vulnerable places where identities were negotiated. Travel was important to experience borderlands and transitions. As an example of forced travel, Stewart has a long discussion of Jewish material on exile and return to the land. The concluding section presents how people like the emperor and famous philosophers could become centers of space and attract people. This last topic provides a transition to the final chapter on Jesus as the spatial center in Mark's Gospel (pp. 179–219). Stewart first discusses how Mark presents Jesus in relation to "civilized spaces": the Romans, the cities, and temple, synagogue and house. In Mark these spaces do not represent civilization; they are considered unclean and unable to exert control. Instead it is Jesus who brings cleanliness and order. This new spatial practice originated not in centers but in boundary territories, in the wilderness that was the main location both for Jesus and John the Baptist. Jesus himself represents the spatial center in Mark's Gospel: people came from all over the land and "gathered around Jesus." A short concluding chapter (pp. 220–25) is followed by a comprehensive bibliography (though a number of references in the footnotes are missing in the bibliography). Stewart's discussion of Mark's Gospel reflects the importance of his studies in ancient geography and space theory. The contrast between spatial centers and borderlands in Mark is an advance over the traditional view of a contrast between Jerusalem and Galilee. Likewise to see Mark's presentation of Jesus as a spatial center represents a new perspective. The discussion of space in the Gospel of Mark itself is brief and is therefore more a suggestive than a complete investigation of space in Mark. Stewart's main contribution lies in his introduction to spatial theory and especially in the comprehensive presentation of views on space and geography in ancient Greek, Roman and Jewish writers. This is a great accomplishment, based on an extensive reading of the most recent literature in a variety of areas. With its combination of modern spatial theory and sources from Antiquity, the book is an invaluable introduction to how spatial thinking has informed and shaped our experiences and understanding of ourselves and the world around us from antiquity to the present. Halvor Moxnes University of Oslo Blindern, NO-0317 Oslo


A newly developed D-12 housing sector is at the Margalla foot-hills in Islamabad. This housing sector is facing tremendous groundwater problem due to frequent dry boreholes. After conducting the reconnaissance survey, data from the already drilled wells were recorded at different points throughout the study area for measuring average water table and the average total depth. The electrical resistivity survey was conducted in the sector for exploration of groundwater at six different locations with the help of SAS 4000 Terameter using Schlumberger configuration. The acquired data were used to determine the true resistivity on the basis of standard curves. The curves were matched with the borehole data and the surface geological map to prepare lithologic columns based on the true resistivities. Two zones have been categorized for future domestic use, i.e. prospective and non-prospective. The study shows dependence of localization of the aquifers upon the fault-related folding of the area. The aquifers are of two types i.e. shallow unconfined and deeper confined. The unconfined aquifers are found in the alluvium, whereas the confined aquifers are found in the sands of the Murree Formation. The confining beds constitute Murree clays and the shales.


Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are associated with the initiation and progression of cancer. However, the biological functions and underlying mechanism of hsa_circ_0005397 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have not been fully elucidated.


Malignant atrophic papulosis (Degos disease) is a rare syndrome of multiple‐system vascular diseases with unknown etiology. It can affect the skin, gastrointestinal tract and central nervous system. Here, we report a 58‐year‐old woman with extensive porcelain‐white atrophic papules. Based on the clinical manifestations, skin biopsy and colonoscopy, a diagnosis of malignant atrophic papulosis was confirmed.


NURBS is useful in surface creation due to its uniformity in representation and flexibility in shape control.There are not standards and formal methods to develop OpenGL in C# up to now.An approach of modeling NURBS surfaces in C# was proposed.P/Invoke and OpenGL were used to construct NURBS surfaces from data clouds.An example is also presented and good result is attained.


Supported by the National Institute of Justice, U.S. Dept. of Justice. 80-IJ-CX-0048 Supported by the National Institute of Justice, U.S. Dept. of Justice. 80-IJ-CX-0048


1998. 2. "Artificial Intelligence Improves the EEG Analysis," Proceeding of National conference on Biomedical Engineering, Manipal institute of Technology, Manipal, pp.v34-36,9-l l*1*1 April, 1998. 3. "Knowledge based Intelligence System For EEG Analysis," Proceeding of National conference on Advanced data Bases and Applications, Anna university, Chennai, pp. 136-142, 30-31st October, 1998. 4. "Artificial Neural Network For EEG Analysis," Proceeding of 13th National Convention of Computer engineers and all India seminars on information technology and application university of Roorkee, Roorkee, pp. 31-34, 22-24thDecember, 1998. 5. "Multimodel Neuro Imaging," Proceeding of National seminar on computer graphics and its applications, College of Engineering And Technology, Belgaum, pp. kl-k3, 6-7thNovember, 1998. 6. "Neuro Fuzzy detector For K-complexes," Proceeding of All India conference on Biomedical Instrumentation-Indian perspective, Institution of Engineers, Kota, 21st February 1999. 7. "ANN Pattern Recognition," Proceeding National conference on Biomedical Engineering," Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal, pp. v37-39,9-11th April 1998.


In this study, the authors take the title "Influence of Employee Compensation Motivation.MNC Leasing  company palembang". This research was conducted by the author is to determine how much influence the compensation on employee motivation MNC Leasing  company Palembang. This research uses quantitative data analysis techniques. The research data was obtained from the respondents (questionnaire) in company MNC Leasing  , in this case the primary data that is diteknik pemgambilan the data obtained from the MNC Leasing  company. The statistical analysis used in this research is regression analysis and hypothesis testing using the program SPSS 16. The results of this study indicate that there are significant compensation to big motivation that can be seen from the results of the variable coefficients x of 56.4 percent, the presence of a considerable influence on employee motivation in the MNC Leasing  company will certainly be able to improve progress for the company, can also be the prosperity of employees working with bonuses for their hard work on the profits earned by the company as compensation makes employee motivation increases and would make the company's productivity increased well.Keywords : Compensation , Motivation Productivity, Employee.


A method of static sentence frequency on the FoxBASE+ programming language is introduced. A C source program of programming count and the static sentence frequency are given. It is helpful for reducing semantic difference between high-level language and machine language. It is very useful in shortening compile program length and compiling time.


There is analyzed such an important component of reformation of state service and development of commercial enterprises as the change of their organizational culture. On the basis of the world experience there is proved the appropriateness of this approach, suggested the organizational and methodological mechanisms of cultural modernization, that are recommended to use adapted to the Russian conditions.


The second chapter concerns manuscripts produced in Konya between 1311 and 1332. This period roughly coincides with the rise of the Turcoman principalities (beyliks) on Rum's political scene and the final decades of Ilkhanid rule which ended in 1335 with the death of the ruler Abu Saʿid. The seven core manuscripts that comprise the focus of this chapter were produced for Turcoman princes and Mevlevi dervishes. The manuscripts produced for Turcoman (Ashrafid and Qaramanid) patrons include al-Fusul al-Ashrafiyya and a large two-volume Qur'an. Works closely connected to the Mevlevis include a copy of the Intihanama by Sultan Walad, a Masnavi of Jalal al-Din Rumi, and a Masnavi of Sultan Walad. Also discussed is a Masnavi of Jalal al-Din Rumi from Sivas, which had been previously neglected by scholarship. This chapter expands the analysis concerning Mevlevi involvement in illuminated manuscript production that was introduced in Chapter One. It also discusses the historiography of the Turcoman principalities, a thread that will be taken up in Chapters Three and Four.