The existing e-mail management standards are all proposed for specific e-mail technologies. Unless everyone agrees on a common backbone e-mail technology and its management, it will be difficult to tackle enterprise e-mail management. The authors provide management solutions to the following problems in an enterprise e-mail environment: message transfer agents (MTAs) and e-mail gateway monitoring; e-mail tracking; and congestion management. When an e-mail manager evaluates an e-mail protocol, it should examine how the protocol tackles these problems.


This experiment examined the effect of communication control on the telecommunications of four-person problem solving groups, and on the emergence of leaders within the groups. In so doing, a comparison was made between two methods of managing multi-site teleconferences. Sixteen four-person teams solved four realistic problems, one on each of four days, by communicating over a closed-circuit television system with an added audio capacity. Teams were assigned to communications systems which either did or did not have centrally controlled switching so that only one person could talk at a time. These same systems also either did or did not have a helper appointed to help perform some of the experimenter's duties. Based on the results of the study, the conclusion can be made that a switched system such as that used here would be a suitable for use in multi-site teleconferencing.


The aim of this work is to study the existence of a periodic solutions of differential equations $\frac{d^{4} }{ dt^{4} }x(t) = Ax(t) + f(t)$. Our approach is based on the  M-boundedness of linear operators, Fourier type, $B^{s}_{p, q}$-multipliers and Besov spaces.


The authors tried to verify the efficacy of low energy laser (LEL) in scalp alopecia. Sixty patients were divided in two groups: A) laser group, 33 patients treated with both LEL and classical therapy; B) control group, 27 patients treated only with classical therapy, Before, during and after treatment, historical samples were done. For the group A the results were rather superior but in a twice shorter time shorter time than group B. The maintenance of the good results needed classical therapy for a long period. We conclude that LEL therapy could have a useful complementary method for the treatment of scalp alopecia.


Abstract Activated sludge obtained from a phenol treatment plant was immobilized by entrapment in Ca‐alginate, chemical or radiation polymerised polyacrylamide, agarose and hen egg white. All these techniques resulted in immobilized sludge preparations retaining their phenol degrading ability. Comparatively Ca‐ alginate entrapped sludge retained maximum activity. The immobilized sludge could be reused over 12 batches without loss in phenol degrading ability. Immobilization of the sludge provided protection to the micro flora and could efficiently degrade phenol concentrations over 1000 ppm better than the free sludge.


Fresh fruit and vegetable juice samples (169) and processed fruit juices (11), viz, (71 samples of sweet lime, 40 samples of sugarcane juice, 25 mango juice samples, 22 mixed vegetable juices and 11 pineapple juice samples) were collected during the practical analysis from different carts and shops in different areas of Allahabad city. Under processed fruit juices, readily available packed samples sold under different brand names were also analysed for their microbial load. The juices were extracted either by manual juicer or electric juicer with minimal hygienic precautions. On studying the TVC in various fruit juices highest counts were observed in case of mango juice i.e. (18 × 104 cfu/ml) and minimum in case of pineapple juices (13 × 104 cfu/ml). The TVC in various processed fruit juices also showed the highest counts in mango juices i.e. (2.00104 cfu/ml) and minimum in case of pineapple juice (0.33 × 104 cfu/ml). The TVC in fruit juices from carts showed highest counts in mango juice i.e. (17.75 × 104 cfu/ml) and minimum in case of mixed vegetable juice i.e. (10.66 × 104 cfu/ml). On studying the TVC in fruit juice from shops highest counts were observed in mixed vegetable juice (24.43 × 104 cfu/ml) and minimum in case of pineapple juice (10.83 104 cfu/ml).


In the past decade, the assessment of undergraduate research experience (URE) and course-based undergraduate research (CURE) has evolved and significantly expanded, with hundreds of studies published in books, white papers, technical reports, and academic journals. Much of the work has focused on the impact of URE and CURE on students, leading to new insights about the importance of mentoring and student self-efficacy and the identification of essential features of URE and CURE. Studies focusing on the impact of URE on faculty members and institutions have remained limited. The advent of a variety of assessment instruments and the spread of this high-impact practice across all academic fields suggest that the timing is ripe for new areas of study.


Our own opinions.- The first opinion that occurs to us when we are suddenly asked about anything is not usually our own, but only the current opinion belonging to our caste, position, or family; our own opinions seldom float on the surface. - F. Nietzsche "But the stories of physical, verbal, emotional, and administrative abuse that came poring in were stunning, a scandal for an educational system that makes much noise about wholesomeness and safety, but has turned a blind eye for years to the persecution of individualistic and vulnerable students. " - P. 185 Katz, 2000. According to John Dewey(1916) a community or social group sustains itself through continuous self-renewal, and that renewal takes place by means of the educational growth of the immature members of the group. Too often society places ihe most importance and emphasis on higher education, yet elementary school has a far greater impact on the development of childhood identity. With the exception of family and church, no other institution is so influential in the development of children (Bennett, 1999). Teaching cultural literacy is part of the effort of raising good citizens. This task falls hi considerable part to the elementary schools: to lay the groundwork for young people's entry into the democratic community or responsible adults. Teachers acquaint pupils with their rights as well as their by embracing a political, cultural, and social position reflected in their families, communities, and schools. Schools expose children to early experiences with an organized social structure which helps the child define their own identity. Traditional school environments often view the student as creatures that are to be tamed and organized into higher order activities through education or raw material from which a socially acceptable adult should be molded. This type of environment promotes domination, conformity, and autonomy which stifles development of relationships of trust that underpin ethical caring and connections to and promotion of justice. When social negotiation of power and autonomy in a social context are not present children are denied the opportunity to grow in their own understanding and construction of ethical behavior and the opportunity to explore realities of their lives or develop responses to them. Traditional education denies the capability of children to act and determine action for themselves. It inhibits children from exploring the injustices and social realities of their existence and develop skills to deal with the moral inconsistencies and challenges they encounter (Jipson & Johnson, 2001). Power relationships and democratic thinking are formed through the connection of images to central social practices or what is modeled as normal expectations and behavior. When schools ignore the importance of relationships needed for the healthy intellectual, moral, and emotional development of children the power image becomes distorted (Jipson & Johnson, 2001). This practice of ignoring turns into neglect of student moral development. According to Nell Noddings ( 1995) this neglect is the result of two habits of mind: First, many theorists are reluctant to pronounce on the quality of relationships in cultures other than their own. second, traditional theories have concentrated on the public aspects of lives, not that domain usually considered private, like societal and political belief systems. Schools are a place where children are exposed to a political and social environment that influence their beliefs and images of all aspects of life. Democratic beliefs are among these images formed through social experiences yet schools are not democratic places. If democratic modeling is to be developed in schools then teachers and preservice teachers must develop an awareness of what this means and methods to achieve a school for democratic modeling. It is well documented that many inequalities exist among American schools. …


Multilayers of fullerenes with and without endohedral Ar units, Ar-C{sub 60} and C{sub 60}, were investigated by photoemission and density-functional theory. The stoichiometry and the endohedral nature of Ar were checked by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron diffraction. Valence-band ultraviolet photoemission spectra showed a strong hybridization of the Ar 3p valence shell with the 6T{sub 1u} molecular orbital of C{sub 60}. A hybridization gap of 1.6 {+-} 0.2 eV was found. This is in agreement with density-functional theory, which predicts 1.47 eV and indicates that Ar-C{sub 60} is a noble gas compound with a strong coupling between Ar and the C{sub 60} cage. No giant Ar photoemission cross section as previously predicted for the gas phase in Phys. Rev. Lett. 99 243003 (2007) was found.


Hydro tourist potential can be identified taking into consideration several criteria, and depending on the aspect of potential, there are different types: landscaping, energetic, dynamic, of cure and relaxation. Hydro tourist potential can also be identified based on the main sources of water: under and above surface. The great diversity of water resources and of specific attributes offers a great variety of types of relaxation and of the aspects in which it manifests itself. The morphometric, morphological, quantitative, qualitative, dynamic and biotic properties of the surface waters, generated by their natural endowment, represent analysis criteria of the tourist potential, also providing valuable tool in the evaluation.


Gibberellin (GA) treatment on fruit stalk was effective in fruit growth but reduced the shelf life of fruit. This study was carried out to improve the shelf life of GA treated fruit. Fruit characteristics were surveyed according to the treatment part and concentration of polyamine in 'Whangkeumbae', 'Yeongsanbae', and 'Chuwhangbae'. GA was treated on fruit stalk at 30 days after flowering and 100, 200, and 300 ppm of polyamine were sprayed on leaves of fruit cluster and canopy at 7 day before harvest. In GA treated fruit, fruit weight was heavier as 10% and fruit hardness was lower as 0.3~0.5 ㎏ than control in all cultivar, but sugar content and palatability were no difference in each treatment. In morphological characteristics, the distance from pith to epidermis of GA treated fruit was faraway as 42.0%. Fruit hardness and palatability of 'Whangkeumbae' was good in the leaves spray on the fruit stalk with 200 ppm and the leaves spray on the canopy with 500 ppm at 30 day after harvest. 'Yeongsanbae' and 'Chuwhangbae' showed the same to the result. So we knew that the effective treatment to improve the storagibility after GA treatment on fruit stalk was the fruit stalk leaves spray with 200 ppm because it needed small amount of polyamine.


An approach to the three-layer or four-layer channel-routing problem is presented. A general technique that transforms a two-layer routing solution systematically into a three-layer routing solution is developed. The proposed router performs well in comparison with other three-layer channel routers proposed thus far. In particular, it provides a ten-track optimal solution for the famous Deutsch's difficult example, whereas other well-known three-layer channel routers required 11 or more tracks. The approach is extended to four-layer channel routing. Given any two-layer channel-routing solution without an unrestricted dogleg that uses w tracks, the router can obtain a four-layer routing solution using no more than w/2 tracks. A theoretical upper bound d/2+2 for arbitrary four-layer channel routing problems is also given. >


: This paper aims to highlight the consequences the disorderly occupation caused on the surface temperature in Ji-Paraná/RO between 1990 and 2020. The research is based on geoprocessing tools, such as QGis v 3.10, Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper (TM), Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM +), Landsat 8 Orbital Land Imager (OLI) and Thermal InfraRed Sensor (TIRS) satellites, obtained by the United States Geological Survey (USGS). Images were used in order to analyze the Vegetation Index by Normalized Difference (NDVI), estimation of Surface Temperature and Land Use Occupation using the Random Forest method. According to the results, Ji-Paraná's urban area lost 11,77% of native vegetation in comparison to 1990 figures. Moreover, the entropized area grew 58,53%. As a result, the average temperature has rose from 35,03 °C [34,85 °C; 35,22 °C] in 1990 to 47,04 °C [46,82 °C; 47,26 °C] in 2020. It is evident that native vegetation suppression can directly influence the Surface Temperature and population thermal comfort. Therefore, it is necessary to properly implement the current Master Plan..


Tired of lamington drives? Looking to access a much bigger fundraising community than ever before? Jasmine Crittenden talks to teachers and students who have employed crowdfunding to successfully raise funds for school media projects, and explains how you can do the same.


Abstract

Introduction: To evaluate the results of surgical treatment of blunt hepatic trauma at Nghe An General Friendship Hospital.

Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study which included 37 patients who were diagnosed with blunt hepatic trauma and underwent surgery from January 2014 to April 2020 at Nghe An General Friendship Hospital.
 Results: There were 30 males (81.1%) and 7 females (21.9%). The mean age of the patients was 32.32 ± 11.053 (ranged from 7 to 57). Traffic accident accounted for 67.6% and grade IV liver injury contributed

54.6%. The selective combined with complete Glissonean pedicle management technique was carried out in 75.7% of the patients. The treatment methods included suture (32.4%), hepatectomy (48.6%), suture with gauze packing (10.8%), gauze packing only (8.1%) and gallbladder drainage (51.4%). The intra- and post-operative complications consisted of biliary fistula (2.7%), bleeding (5.4%), post-operative liver failure (2.7%), pneumonia (10.8%) and mortality (10.8%). The results were as following: Good 68.8%, Average (15.6%) and Bad (15.6%).

Conclusions: Blunt hepatic trauma is an emergency surgical and with patients who do not have conservative treatment, the treatment is surgery. The timely appointment and the right method bring good results for these patients.

Keywords: Blunt hepatic trauma, liver trauma; liver surgery.


It discloses a platform (200) for processing data packets which the packet data traffic of the data network communications includes. Platform (200) includes a backplane (270) for transferring data packets in the platform (200). Further comprising a platform (200) packet switching card connected to the backplane (270) (220). Packet switching card (220) is put together the flow of packet data traffic in the platform (200). Moreover platform (200) includes a plurality of application cards connected to a backplane (270) (240,245,250). Each of the plurality of application cards (240,245,250) are selectively operated as at least one network interface card and a network access card. At least one of the plurality of application cards (240,245,250) operates as a network interface card, to transfer at least a portion of the flow of packet data traffic from the network to the packet switched card (220). .FIELD 2B


The recent decision Stoneridge Investment Partners, LLC v. Scientific Atlanta, Inc. of the U.S. Supreme Court was even before it was published exposed to a severe debate about the future of the regulation of security fraud under Sec. 10 (b) Securities Exchange Act. Especially outside of the United States it was feared that a broad interpretation of the U.S. Supreme Court would lead to a de facto worldwide application of Sec. 10 (b) Securities Exchange Act which would have had a severe impact especially on transatlantic business relations. Whereas the case and the decision was so far mainly discussed from an American perspective the following case note will examine the very same question under European capital market law and its impact on the discussion in Europe on the introduction of a European style class action.


The text presents reflections based on the relationship between theory and practice, translated into the experience of building a curriculum for teacher training. We seek to respond to the problem: what does practice mean as the curricular component presented in the national curriculum guidelines for the training of teachers from basic education, made explicit in the form of a legal-juridical norm? We adopted a documentary research and bibliographical studies, having the policy cycle as the theoretical and methodological referential. One can observe that the regulation of higher education, translated in the evaluative processes with an aim for authorization purposes and recognition of courses, has contributed to the implementation of the reform in the teacher training which, among other things, established the practice as a required curriculum component. This process gave rise to distinct conceptions in the construction of curricula, causing the educational managers to have doubts. The practice, as set out in the regulatory framework, indicates its dilution, along the course, among the disciplines of prospective character, establishing a dialectical relationship between theory and practice. It is concluded that the answer sought by educational managers will be found in the interaction between training institutions and institutions of basic education in order to build a brand for each institution, prescribed in each educational project.


THE sodium-line reversal method of measuring temperature, commonly used for flames1, has been adapted to a study of the temperature distribution behind shock waves in a conventional shock tube. In the short times available, visual or photographic methods are impracticable but, with a photomultiplier and oscillograph, time-resolved records can be made. Using a direct-current 'Pointolite' lamp as background, we have measured temperatures in the range 2,000–2,900° K. for shocks through air, nitrogen and oxygen. By studying the records at various background temperatures, the temperature of the shock-heated gases could be determined within about ± 20°, or better than 1 per cent. An extension to higher temperatures appears possible by using arc sources as background.


Wireless power transfer via magnetic resonance coupling is a new technology which energy can be transferred in the non-radiative near-field. In order to improve its power, We presented a new analysis that yielded critical insight into the design of practical system . The basic study on coils design and impedance matching network for hundreds of watts was presented. Based on these analysis, The wireless power transfer experimental device was designed. Experimental results shows that the power can be transmitted is up to 300W in the distance of 2.3 m, the efficiency is 60%.


The concept of a (cid:2) -semigroup has been introduced by Mridul Kanti Sen in the Int. Symp., New Delhi, 1981. It is well known that the Green's relations play an essential role in studying the structure of semigroups. In the present paper we deal with an application of (cid:2) -semigroups techniques to the Green's Theorem in an attempt to show the way we pass from semigroups to (cid:2) -semigroups.


Notions of phenomenon and phenomenology of the philosophy of the being, of Martin Heidegger, indicate a new access to the legal phenomenon.


This paper presents the performance evaluation of an adaptive QAM scheme under flat and frequency selective fading channels for indoor wireless communication systems. The QAM modulation is combined with differential encoding and the demodulation process is carried out noncoherently. The adaptation is performed by varying the modulation level of QAM depending upon received signal strength. The adaptation mechanism allows a 2- or 3-bit increase or decrease at a time if the channel condition is considered to be significantly good of bad. Simulation results show that the average number of bits per symbol (ABPS) for each symbol block transmitted over a flat fading channel is higher than 5.0 and the BER performance is better than 10-4 for a SNR value higher than 30 dB,. For frequency selective fading channels an oversampling technique in the receiver was employed. The BER performance obtained for frequency selective fading channels is better than 10-4 with a SNR value of 40 dB and ABPS is found to be approximately 5.5 Therefore this scheme is very useful in that it provides both very high bandwidth efficiency and acceptable performance with moderated SNR values over flat and frequency selective fading channels. In addition this scheme provides reduced receiver complexity by way of noncoherent detection.


Contents: Preface, Caroline A. Williams Introduction: bridging the early modern Atlantic world, Caroline A Williams Codfish, consumption, and colonization: the creation of the French Atlantic world during the 16th century, Laurier Turgeon Negotiating fortune: English merchants in early 16th-century Seville, Heather Dalton Interlopers in an intercultural zone? Early Scots ventures in the Atlantic world, 1630a "1660, Douglas Catterall 'A people so subtle': Sephardic Jewish pioneers of the English West Indies, Natalie Zacek Subjects or allies: the contentious status of the Tupi indians in Dutch Brazil, 1625a "1654, Mark Meuwese 'To transmit to posterity the virtue, lustre and glory of their ancestors': Scottish pioneers in DariA(c)n, Panama, Mark Horton Controlling traders: slave coast strategies at Savi and Ouidah, Kenneth G. Kelly Walking the tightrope: female agency, religious practice, and the Portuguese inquisition on the upper Guinea coast (17th century), Philip J. Havik Slaves, convicts, and exiles: African travellers in the Portuguese Atlantic world, 1720a "1750, James H. Sweet The Life of Alexander Alexander and the Spanish Atlantic, 1799a "1822, Matthew Brown Bibliography Index.


Abstract : A detailed summary of the data used, analyses performed, modeling techniques employed, and results obtained in the course of the 1990 Epoch World Magnetic Modeling effort are given. Also, use and limitations of the GEOMAG algorithm are presented. Charts and tables related to the 1990 World Magnetic Model (WMM-90) for the Earth's main field and secular variation in Mercator and polar stereographic projections are presented along with useful tables of several magnetic field components and their secular variation on a 5-degree worldwide grid.


IT HAS long been known that insect ovaries generally consist of follicular tubules, each containing a single series of stages of o6genesis with or without accessory or nurse cells. At one end of the tubule-the apical end--are the primitive oigonia, and successive stages of o6genesis follow in order along the tubule. Polar and ventrodorsal patterns are usually evident in the form of the egg; the polar axis coincides with the longitudinal axis of the tubule, the end of the elongated egg toward the apical end of the tubule becoming the apical or "animal" pole of the egg. The question whether or how the ventrodorsality of the egg is related to its ovarian environment seems to have received little attention. In view of the fact that a definite relation between egg polarity and ovarian environment has been found in many animals, the earlier widely held belief that axiate pattern is inherent in a species protoplasm has given way rather generally to the view that the egg acquires its axiate pattern during its ovarian history and in relation to factors in its ovarian environment, but evidence of relation between ventrodorsality or dorsiventrality and ovarian factors is, in general, less definite than that concerning polarity or is lacking entirely. The question whether there is a physiological pattern in the insect ovary to which the axiate pattern of the egg is definitely related is of interest as bearing on the problem of egg organization, although presence of such a pattern does not demonstrate its adequacy or effectiveness in determining egg pattern. But, if coincidence in orientation of ovarian and egg pattern is uniform and constant and similar physiological characteristics appear in both, it becomes at least highly probable that egg pattern represents primarily a part of the ovarian pattern. Differential reduction of" vital" dyes has been found useful as a means of demonstrating certain characteristics of physiological axiate patterns in embryonic stages of echinoderms, in the chick embryo, in ciliate Protozoa, in postembryonic stages of various animals, and in reconstitution in Corymorpha and other forms.' The morphological pattern of the insect ovary, with the various stages of o6cyte development from primitive germ cells to full-grown egg, suggested that it might be favorable material for a study of differential dye reduction in relation to axiate egg pattern. I am deeply indebted to Dr. G. W. Beadle and Dr. E. L. Tatum of the School of Biological Sciences of Stanford University for their kindness in providing a stock of Drosophila hydei, culture bottles and food, a supply and formula of Ringer solution found satisfactory for insect tissues, sodium hydrosulphite used in certain experiments, and for various suggestions concerning handling of the stocks of living insects.


Cidaris comptoni Glauert 1923 is transferred to the genus Goniocidaris; the Late Cretaceous age of the species makes it the oldest record and the first Mesozoic record for the genus and for the subfamily Goniocidarinae.


Abstract Commercial fishermen reported removing 1,006 sport fishes from their nets during the 5-month 1980-1981 season. Observations of field monitors who accompanied these fishermen during retrieval operations revealed that the commercial gill nets and trammel nets (89-114 mm bar mesh) used for harvesting buffalofish (Ictiobus spp.) and common carp (Cyprinus carpio) in two mainstream Kentucky reservoirs had minimal impact on sport fish. The sport-fish catch was less than 1/1,000 m of net, with 65% of those in good condition when released. No largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) mortality was observed in the 39 km of gear monitored.


The process of fast pyrolysis is one of the most recent renewable energy processes to have been introduced and offers the advantages of a liquid product, biooil, that can be readily stored and transported and that can also be used for production of chemicals as well as being a fuel. Thermal biomass conversion has been investigated for many years as a source of renewable solid, gaseous and liquid fuels. Compared to combustion, which is widely practised commercially and gasification, which is being extensively demonstrated around the world, fast pyrolysis is at a relatively early stage of development. The technology has now achieved some commercial success for production of chemicals and is being actively developed for producing liquid fuels. Bio-oils have been successfully tested in engines, turbines and boilers, and have been upgraded to high quality hydrocarbon fuels although at an unacceptable energetic and financial cost. The paper critically reviews scientific and technical developments and applications to date paying particular attention to the research and developments reported in this book. It concludes with some suggestions for strategic developments.


Recursive functions over the reals [6] have been considered, first as a model of analog computation, and second to obtain analog characterizations of classical computational complexity classes [2]. However, one of the operators introduced in the seminal paper by Cris Moore (in 1996), the minimalization operator, creates some difficulties: (a) although differential recursion (the analog counterpart of classical recurrence) is, to some extent, directly implementable in the General Purpose Analog Computer of Claude Shannon, analog minimalization is far from physical realizability, and (b) analog minimalization was borrowed from classical recursion theory and does not fit well the analytic realm of analog computation. In this paper we use the most natural operator captured from Analysis - the operator of taking a limit - instead of the minimalization with respect to the equivalance of these operators given in [8]. In this context the natural question about coincidence between real recursive functions and Baire classes arises. To solve this problem the limit hierarchy of real recursive funcions is introduced. Relations between Baire classes, effective Baire classes and the limit hierachy are also studied.


Abstract This paper describes morphometric relationships, and the timing of gametogenic development and spawning for the geoduck clam Panopea globosa (Dall 1898) from a population in the east central Gulf of California. Clams were collected monthly for a year (October 2004 to October 2005), and were measured and weighed to obtain morphometric relationships. Standard histological analysis and measurements of oocyte diameters were used to describe the timing of gametogenic development and spawning. Most morphometric variables were significantly correlated, however the coefficients of determination were generally low (<0.5) indicating high variation in measured traits. Early gametogenic development was observed in late summer/autumn when SST was high (∼30°C). Development increased as water temperatures fell with ripe individuals observed in early winter (∼20°C). Spawning occurred between January and February (winter), when SST were at their coolest (∼18°C). Cytological characteristics of the gonad and averages of oocyte diameters for the different reproductive phases were similar to other geoduck species previously described. Overall sex ratios were equal. This study is the first ecological study to be conducted for P. globosa. Given the development of fisheries for P. globosa and the interest in developing aquaculture for this species, the data provide valuable information for fisheries managers and aquaculturalists and represent the basis for further research on this species.


Earlier studies by e.s.r. spectroscopy of the radicals formed by the interaction of titanium(III) ions and hydrogen peroxide, in the presence or absence of organic compounds, have been extended to the examination of the reactions of the initially formed radicals. Particular use has been made of flow cells which allow one or more reactants to be added shortly after the others have been mixed and before the solution reaches the spectrometer cavity. The results are consistent with the view that the free hydroxyl radical is the primary oxidising agent but that the one-electron oxidation of the resulting organic radicals by both metal ions and hydrogen peroxide is important in determining the relative concentrations of the various radicals which are observed; in this respect, hydrogen peroxide is of special interest because its reduction by organic radicals leads to the formation of further hydroxyl radicals and thence the perpetuation of a chain reaction. This observation has led to the rationalisation both of the dependence of the observed concentrations of readily oxidised radicals on the concentrations of the redox reactants, and of the increase in concentration of the relatively stable radicals derived from titanium(IV)–peroxide complexes which is effected by the addition of small amounts of certain organic compounds. Evidence is also adduced that the markedly different relative concentrations of radicals which are observed when iron(II) ion is used in place of titanium(III) ion are not the result of there being different types of oxidising radicals in the two systems but reflect the fact that iron(III) ion is both a much stronger oxidising agent than titanium(IV) ion for organic radicals and shows a significant degree of selectivity in this capacity between tervalent carbon atoms in different environments.


Sixty-eight species of Tubulifera in 29 genera are recorded from New Zealand, including the following new taxa: Cryptothrips okiwiensis ; Heptathrips cottieri , H. cumberi , H. kuscheli , H. tillyardi ; Nesothrips alexandrae , N. pintadus ; Ozothrips tubulatus , O. vagus ; Apterygothrips collyerae , A. kohai , A. sparsus , A. viretum ; Azaleothrips neatus ; Deplorothrips bassus ; Haplothrips salicorniae ; Hoplandrothrips choritus , H. ingenuus , H. vernus ; Hoplothrips anobii , H. kea , H. oudeus ; Lissothrips dentatus , L. dugdalei , L. gersoni ; Podothrips orarius , P. turangi ; Psalidothrips moeone , P. tane , P. taylori ; Yarnkothrips kolourus . Seventeen species have been introduced to New Zealand from Australia, but only 8 species appear to have been introduced from other parts of the world. Two New Zealand species are now widespread elsewhere, Aesothrips propinquus and Hoplothrips semicaecus . Thus, 43 of the 68 species of Tubulifera appear to be endemic to New Zealand - a higher proportion than in the Terebrantia. Two subfamilies are recognised, the Idolothripinae and Phlaeothripinae; the available tribal classification of the second group is discussed and rejected. The text includes notes on distribution and biology, and discusses life histories, phylogeny, morphology, and technical methods. A key to taxa is given, and the descriptive notes are supported by some 300 illustrations. Checklist of Taxa Family PHLAEOTHRIPIDAE Subfamily IDOLOTHRIPINAE Genus Anaglyptothrips Mound & Palmer, 1983 dugdalei Mound & Palmer, 1983 Genus Carientothrips Moulton, 1944     badius (Hood, 1918)     loisthus Mound, 1974 Genus Cleistothrips Bagnall, 1932     idolothripoides Bagnall, 1932 Genus Cryptothrips Uzel, 1895     okiwiensis new species Genus Emprosthiothrips Moulton, 1942     bogong Mound, 1969 Genus Heptathrips Moulton, 1942     cottieri new species     cumberi new species     kuscheli new species     tillyardi new species     tonnoiri Moulton, 1942 Genus Idolothrips Haliday, 1852     spectrum Haliday, 1852 Genus Nesothrips Kirkaldy, 1907 Rhaebothrips Karny, 1913     alexandrae new species     doulli (Mound, 1974)     eastopi (Mound, 1974)     pintadus new species     propinquus (Bagnall, 1916) propinquus breviceps (Bagnall, 1924)     rangi Mound & Palmer, 1983     zondagi (Mound, 1974) Genus Ozothrips Mound & Palmer, 1983     eurytis Mound & Palmer, 1983     janus Mound & Palmer, 1983     priscus Mound & Palmer, 1983     tubulatus new species     vagus new species Genus Priesneriella Hood, 1927     gnomus Mound & Palmer, 1983 Subfamily PHLAEOTHRIPINAE Genus Apterygothrips Priesner, 1933     australis Pitkin, 1973     collyerae new species     kohai new species     sparsus new species     viretum new species Genus Azaleothrips Ananthakrishnan, 1964     neatus new species Genus Baenothrips Crawford, 1948     moundi (Stannard, 1970) Genus Cartomothrips Stannard, 1962     manukae Stannard, 1962     neboissi Mound & Walker, 1982 Deplorothrips new genus     bassus new species Genus Haplothrips Amyot & Serville, 1843     kurdjumovi Karny, 1913     niger (Osborn, 1883)     (Trybomiella) salicorniae new species Genus Hoplandrothrips Hood, 1912     bidens (Bagnall, 1910)     choritus new species     ingenuus new species     vernus new species Genus Hoplothrips Amyot & Serville, 1843     anobii new species     corticis (De Geer, 1773)     kea new species     orientalis (Ananthakrishnan, 1969)     oudeus new species     poultoni (Bagnall & Kelly, 1929)     semicaecus (Uzel, 1895) fieldsi Crawford, 1939 new synonymy Genus Liothrips Uzel, 1895     vaneeckei Priesner, 1920 Genus Lissothrips Hood, 1908     dentatus new species     dugdalei new species     gersoni new species Genus Macrophthalmothrips Karny, 1922     argus (Karny, 1920) Genus Plectrothrips Hood, 1908     orientalis Okajima, 1981 Genus Podothrips Hood, 1913     orarius new species     turangi new species Genus Poecilothrips Uzel, 1895     albopictus Uzel, 1895 Genus Psalidothrips Priesner, 1932     moeone new species     tane new species     taylori new species Genus Sophiothrips Hood, 1933     aleurodisci Mound & Walker, 1982     duvali Mound & Walker, 1982     greensladei Mound &. Walker, 1982 Genus Strepterothrips Hood, 1933     tuberculatus (Girault, 1929) Genus Teuchothrips Hood, 1919     annulosus (Priesner, 1928) new combination     disjunctus (Hood, 1918) Yarnkothrips new genus     kolourus new species


SUMMARY The familial aspects of malignant hyperpyrexia, are discussed and a method for identifying the asymptomatic carriers of this disorder presented. The serum creatine phosphokinase levels have helped to establish the genetically-determined myopathic background of this disorder. Ninety-nine members over four generations have so far been studied and data concerning sixty-nine are presented in this paper.


In principle, rms in developing countries bene t from the fact that advanced technologies and products have already been developed in industrialized countries and can simply be adopted, a process often referred to as industrial upgrading. But for many rms this advantage remains elusive. What is getting in the way? This paper reviews recent rm-level empirical research on the determinants of upgrading in developing countries. The rst part focuses on how to de ne and measure various dimensions of upgrading learning, quality upgrading, technology adoption, and product innovation. The second part takes stock of recent micro-empirical evidence on the drivers of upgrading, classifying them as output-side drivers, input-side drivers, or drivers of know-how. The review concludes with some thoughts about promising directions for research in the area. ∗I am grateful to David Alfaro-Serrano, David Atkin, Maria Bas, Paula Bustos, Nicolás de Roux, Garth Frazer, Alvaro Garcia-Marin, Florian Grosset, Juan Carlos Hallak, Rema Hanna, Morgan Hardy, Jonas Hjort, Beata Javorcik, Seema Jayachandran, Amit Khandelwal, Gianmarco León, Rocco Macciavello, Florian Mayneris, David McKenzie, Pepita Miquel-Florensa, Ben Olken, Caroline Paunov, Alexandros Ragoussis, Verónica Robert, Matthieu Teachout, Jim Tybout, Bruno Velloso, Nico Voigtländer, Chris Woodru , participants in the Seminario Interuniversitario sobre Desarrollo Productivo Argentino (SIDPA), the editor (Steven Durlauf) and four anonymous referees for comments that have signi cantly improved the paper. I remain responsible for any errors. §Columbia University, NBER, CEPR, IZA, BREAD, IGC, and JPAL. Email: firstname.lastname@example.com.


KISSaF is a publicly funded project with four project partners from industry and academia. The aim of project KISSaF is the development of a robust scene prediction model for automated driving. State-of-the-art Deep Learning methods are used for a complete and reliable forecasting of the traffic scene with large time horizons. The underlying environment modeling uses a graph-based representation of the scene. A prototype vehicle has been built-up for data recording. This data is the central part for model development, improvement and testing. A framework is currently setup for a scenario-based test approach and performance can be judged under realistic conditions with integrated maneuver planning.


To better describe trajectory features of underwater targets moving at high speed,a high frame rate positioning system is usually employed.Owing to the problem of short baseline length when using high frame rates,range ambiguity becomes a concern.In view of this problem,innovative research was made to resolve range ambiguity produced in an underwater acoustic beacon positioning system based on time delay.A new algorithm with software for resolving range ambiguity was derived by combining the active spherical intersection positioning model and the passive hyperboloidal intersection positioning model.This method neither increases cost in hardware nor needs other hardware,pre-knowledge,or redundant information,therefore this algorithm has more flexibility in its application.Experimental results show the feasibility of this method in a lake test.


The morphological characterization of local oxidation of silicon (LOCOS) isolation has been carried out by using steam oxidation in the temperature range 1050 to 1180°C and as-grown field oxide thickness between 150 and 600 nm. A bird's beak minimum is observed between 1100 and 1140°C, corresponding to a change in the bird's beak growth mechanism from a diffusion type to a regime dependent on silicon surface oxidation and nitride oxidation rates. For the first time on LOCOS isolation, the improvement of field oxide thinning by reducing field oxide thickness is reported : that enables a possible scaling for subquarter micrometer design rules.


Aptanetravana, namely the Forest of the Recovered Eyes ca n be seen in the Dunhuang Mogao Caves no.285 of the Western Wei and no.296 of the Northern Zh ou. The one in cave 296 was painted from right to left with seven scenes starti ng from the soldiers' action and ending at the conversion of the "bandits" in ch ronological sequence. Between the scenes the painter arranged landscape designs. For the men and horses, only the major motions were drawn. The landscape was hi ghly abstracted patterns. The mural in cave 285 is painted earlier but the arranggement of plots is better than that in cave 296.


Aiming at SPT-X-2025 display of EPEC on VC++ platform,key technology of intelligent rollers' interactive interface has been researched and realized.This interactive interface can display and modify parameters of rollers timely,which is easy for drivers to operate and interact during driving.


New digital control algorithms for improving the stiffness of electrohydraulic machine tool feed drive position servomechanisms are examined and compared with currently used analog and digital feed drive control algorithms, based on a digital computer simulation. The controller form considered is restricted to series digital compensation in the position loop. Some of the controller design considerations are described. The computational capabilities of current generation microcomputers are shown to be adequate for the application.


The first regularly organized division of the United States Army called into the field since the Civil War was mobilized at Texas City and Galveston, Tex., March 1, 1913. The troops encamped at Texas City numbered approximately 8,500 and those at Galveston 3,500. The camp ground at Texas City had been selected in dry weather, when it presented a favorable appearance; but when actually occupied, after the spring rains, it proved to be badly drained. The soil was of clay and impervious, conditions usually considered unfavorable to health. In spite of such ditching as it was practicable to do, after heavy rains the water stood in the tents of both officers and men. By the first of April a better site had been selected and put in condition for occupancy by a comprehensive system of surface drainage, carried out under the supervision of the engineer officers of the division. The


A facile and efficient one-pot synthesis of beta-hydroxy-gamma-lactams from alpha,alpha-dialkyl beta-oxo amides and trimethylsulfoxonium iodide in the presence of sodium hydride via a tandem Corey-Chaykovsky reaction and an intramolecular lactamization process is developed.


Categorization is known to play an important role in organizations because categories 'frame' situations in particular ways, informing managerial sensemaking and enabling managerial intervention. In this article, we advance existing work by examining the role of categorization practices in discursive leadership during periods of strategic change. Drawing on data from an ethnographic action research study of a strategic change initiative in a multi-national corporation, we use membership categorization analysis to develop a framework for studying 'category predicates' − defined as the stock of organizational knowledge and associated reasoning procedures concerning the kinds of activities, attributes, rights, responsibilities, expectations, and so on, that are 'tied' or 'bound' to organizational categories. Our analysis shows that discursive leadership enabled a radical shift in sensemaking about organizational structure categories through a process of 'frame-breaking' and 're-framing'. In so doing, the leader co-constructed a 'definition of the situation' that built a compelling vision and concrete plan for strategic change. We go on to trace the organizational consequences and material outcomes of this shift in sensemaking for the company in question. We conclude by arguing that 'category predication work' comprises a key leadership competence and plays an important role in organizational and strategic change processes.


West German producer Manfred Durniok (1934–2003) played a crucial role in channelling the work of critical filmmakers from East to West. Straddling the Iron Curtain, Durniok financed international coproductions, imported Central European and Asian films into the West, and facilitated the festival exhibit of politically critical films. This article traces Durniok's cultural mediation between the West and state-run film studios such as DEFA (Deutsche Film-Aktiengesellschaft, 1946–1992, East Germany) and Mafilm (1911-present, Hungary). His business model with such studios allowed Durniok to realise critical films via coproduction that would otherwise have been unthinkable within the constraints of socialist national cinemas. Durniok shared an understanding of 'dissent as responsibility' (Václav Havel) with two directors with whom he worked closely: Hungarian István Szabó (1938) and East German Frank Beyer (1932–2006). Durniok produced two of Szabó's pictures that brought the Hungarian director's acclaim in the West and propelled his international career: Mephisto (1981) and Colonel Redl (1985). Similarly, in 1982, Durniok sponsored Beyer's road movie Bockshorn (Taken for a Ride, 1983) that enabled the director's breakthrough in the West and his career in television post-1989. Durniok not only financed these East-West coproductions in the 1980s, but also contributed to a form of cultural mediation that responded to artists' need to voice their political dissent in film.


The synthesis of compounds involving a perfluorinated chain and a trichloromethyl group at the end of the chain is carried out by esterifying an alcohol with trichloracetic acid or by adding CCl4 to a perfluorinated alcohol acrylate. Cl3CCO2(CH2)2C6F13 and Cl3CCH2CHClCO2(CH2)2C6F13 are obtained, respectively. These telogens are both used to initiate a polyacrylamide chain, thus allowing the synthesis of new highly hydrosoluble surfactants. The transfer constant of ferric chloride to the polyacrylamide chain can be calculated by studying the kinetics of the telomerization reaction. We found C = 16 at 125°C. Telomers can be prepared in which the polymer chain contains between 10 to 1000 acrylamide units; the degree of polymerization can be precisely predicted according to the amounts of products allowed to react.


Developing countries need a large number of social infrastructure projects (e.g. schools, medical care, nursing homes). But the government's finance to invest in these projects is limited. By using the public–private partnership (PPP) mode to attract social capital to invest in PPP projects, it can relieve the financial pressure and improve the operation efficiency. The cooperation between government and consumer can ensure the sustainable development of the project operation. A system dynamics model of tripartite evolutionary game is developed to analyze the interaction of participant's strategies and simulate the corresponding evolution process. We employ the scenario analysis method to investigate the impact of the key parameters in relation with PPP projects based on realistic scenario assumptions. The results reveal the effect of some policies including reverse effect, blocking effect and over-reliance effect. Specifically, the results show that high penalty can prevent social capital from providing low-quality services, the low cost of government regulation can promote social capital to provide high-quality services, compensation to consumer can increase the enthusiasm of consumer participating in supervision, appropriate difference between price and cost of high-quality service as social capital's profit can encourage social capital to provide high-quality service. These policy suggestions will contribute to the sustainable development of social infrastructures in PPP mode.


Introduction: Healthcare workers face the risk of infection from potentially deadly diseases from the use of unsafe needles every day. It has been estimated that over 350,000 needlestick and sharps related injuries occur annually with an average of 1,000 infections annually and over 100 deaths by the CDC (Centers for Disease Control & Prevention). It has been reported that 0.6 cases in average of needle stick injury incident occurred in KPJ Seremban almost every month in 2008. Analysis was done and it was that found that the majority of cases were due to failure to adhere to universal precautions. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was done (January to December 2008). Data was collected from reviewed incidence reports. Statistics showed that needle stick injuries occurred after a procedure and during disposal of used needles. We then introduced several measures with these aims; to inculcate 'Safety Culture' among healthcare workers through quality training, to ensure that all newly qualified healthcare workers are well trained in handling sharp devices, to reduce the incidence of needlestick injuries, to do effective monitoring audit, to convey knowledge to healthcare workers on safety practices by Infection control team. These strategies included; High quality education and training to all staffs conducted continuously, identifying those at risk, introduce safer medical devices – using of Angiocath for setting IV line and needle-less injection port and providing for a secure work environment. Results: 1) Needle stick injury cases reduce 65% as compared to last year. 2) Through surveys and questionnaires, 95% of healthcare workers understand and adhere to universal precautions in 2009 as compared 30% in previous year. 3) Number training conducted increased from 7days in year 2008 to 21 days in year 2009. Conclusion: Collaborative and participative approaches are helpful in reducing the transmission of blood borne pathogens and other sharps-related injuries.


Introduction: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a distinct clinicopathologic entity characterized histologically by a spectrum ranging from simple steatosis to steatohepatitis (NASH), cirrhosis and even hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Objective: To determine the incidenceand identify the risk factors of NAFLD in non-obese patients. Methods: It was a cross sectional study done in Department of gastroenterology, Nuclear Medicine and ultrasound, Radiology and Imaging, Virology, Biochemistry, BSMMU, Dhaka from March 2012 to June 2014. The patients more or equal to 18 years, non-obese were included. In this study total 190 patients were enrolled. Results: Among them 38 patients were with fatty liver and 152 patients without fatty liver on the basis of ultrasonogram. Where 141 were male and 49 were female with mean age was 49.24 + 9.05 years. Among total, 18.9% had diabetes mellitus, 28.4% had dislipidaemia 24.4% had history of hypertension. Total 18.9% patients having history of diabetes mellitus, normal vs fatty liver disease (20% vs 42.1%, p <0.001) and history of dyslipidemia (10.5% vs 100% , p <0.001), Haemoglobin percentage was 12.16 + 1.32 gm/dL, urine routine microscopic examination glucose present in 9.5% patients. SGPT 56.34 + 16.09 IU/L, SGOT 41.62 + 5.94 IU/L, alkaline phosphatase 99.31+ 19.76 IU/L. We found 6.3% patients were HBsAg positive and no patient was Anti HCV positive. Conclusion: Sedentary life style, Metabolic syndrome, DM, dyslipidameia, are risk factors of NAFLD in non obese person. Elevated liver enzymes are consequences of NAFLD. Though this study has some limitations, it will give some information about emerging liver disease without viral hepatitis. J MEDICINE July 2015; 16 (2) : 89-92


Parkinson's Disease (PD) is caused by the depletion of dopamine as a result of aggregates formed by a protein called alpha-synuclein (a-syn), which are toxic and kill dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta brain region. PD currently only has some symptomatic treatments that lose effectiveness over time. The purpose of this study was to identify drugs that bind to the fibril forming segment of the non-amyloid beta component (NAC) domain of neuronal membrane bound a-syn. These drugs will inhibit other a-syn monomers from binding and prevent further a-syn aggregation, slowing the progression of PD.
Molecular docking was used to run a high throughput screening of 646 FDA approved drugs. The interactions between each drug and a-syn were analyzed and compared to those of Baicalein and SynuClean-D, two drugs that can inhibit a-syn aggregation by binding with the NAC domain but are not FDA approved.
13 drugs were identified that can potentially be used to inhibit membrane bound a-syn aggregation and were almost 6 times more potent than Baicalein and 10 times more potent than SynuClean-D at binding with a-syn's NAC domain. The Blood Brain Barrier (BBB) penetrability of these top 13 drugs was assessed, indicating the drugs with a higher likelihood of penetrating the BBB. The results of this study appoint Telmisartan and Ibrutinib as FDA approved, BBB penetrable drugs that could inhibit membrane bound a-syn aggregation, slowing the progression of PD. Verifying these results through in vitro experiments can result in identifying a promising treatment for PD.


The short-time signal anomaly of Global Positioning System (GPS) often occurs in the process of multi-beam bathymetry, which leads to the poor accuracy of multi-beam acoustic emission of instantaneous position datum and affects the underwater topographic survey accuracy to a large extent. This study proposes a novel method to reconstruct multi-beam transducer instantaneous datum in the event of the short-time GPS signal anomaly to solve this problem. First, the synchronization of GPS and inertial measurement unit (IMU) was realized by establishing the correlation coefficient model. Second, the fast Fourier transformation filter was used to extract the long-period signal from the GPS elevation signal, which was repaired according to the Heave sequence, and the instantaneous elevation datum was reconstructed through attitude correction. Finally, the original plane information was obtained through Kalman filtering. The error accumulation of the original plane information was eliminated by using the fixed solution which had returned to normal, and then the instantaneous plane datum was reconstructed. The reliability of this method was proven through simulation experiments. Results demonstrate that the similarity between the GPS elevation sequence and Heave sequence can synchronize GPS and IMU. In addition, the instantaneous datum accuracy of the multi-beam transducer reconstructed through this method can reach the necessary cm-level to satisfy the requirements for the positioning accuracy in open water. The proposed method can establish a highly precise basis of data for the underwater seabed topographic monitor of signal anomaly areas in quayside and sea-crossing bridges.


1507 Background: Chemoprevention strategies for estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancers are emerging, especially for postmenopausal women, but require methods of targeting appropriate populations. Our objective was to improve the Breast Cancer Risk Assessment Tool [Gail Model (GM)] for estimating ER+ breast cancer risk. Methods: A prospective cohort involving 161,809 postmenopausal women aged 50–79 years, (93,676 in the observational study (OS) and 68,132 in clinical trials (CT)) at Women's Health Initiative (WHI) Clinical Centers had comprehensive assessment of lifestyle, medication use and breast cancer risk factors. Breast cancer risk from the GM and other models incorporating additional or fewer risk factors and five year incidence of ER + and ER negative (ER-) invasive breast cancers were determined. Main outcome measures were concordance statistics for models predicting breast cancer risk. Results: Of 148,266 women meeting eligibility criteria, (no prior breast cancer and/or mastectomy), 3,2...


Involvement of local communities in monitoring forest resources is perceived to lower monitoring costs and reduce burden to the government and ensure sustainability of those resources. This paper compared monitoring costs and benefits under conventional and community-based monitoring methods used in forest management in Tanzania. Specifically the paper intended to identify activities undertaken in conventional and community-based monitoring approaches, explore the perceptions of the local communities and experts on the two approaches, assess and compare monitoring costs in each approach and hence suggest the most effective approach for monitoring forest resources. Data were collected in eleven villages adjacent to Kitapilimwa and Nyang'oro forest reserves, Iringa district. Quantitative data were analyzed using Statistical Packages for Social Sciences and excel computer programs. Results show that under community-based monitoring approach the frequently performed activity was patrolling while in conventional monitoring was boundary consolidation. The average payment for patrolling was Tshs. 1445.46 (≈ 1.45 USD)/person/day while escorting researchers was Tshs. 2522.73 (≈ 2.52 USD)/ person/day. About 39% of the respondents perceived that people use much of their time in monitoring activities with little payments. Under community-based monitoring approach the average monitoring costs was Tshs. 11153.85 (≈ 11.15 USD)/person/year and Tshs. 114.78 (≈ 0.11 USD)/ha/year while under conventional monitoring was Tshs. 25755.73 (≈ 25.76 USD)/person/year and 392.08 (≈ 0.39 USD)/ha/year. Conventional monitoring was perceived to be more effective than community based monitoring approach in data collection activities. To ensure sustainability of forest resources in the villages, we suggest the use of both monitoring approaches than a stand-alone approach to complement each other and maximize the potentials. Mainstream it into the existing government structure to avoid duplication of efforts and ensure sustainability of conservation activities. We recommend further research to assess the effectiveness of community based monitoring system on data collection and its quality.


This study critically analyses stylistic evaluation based on metaphorical extensions in E.E. Cummings's poem "Humanity i love you". It identifies lexicological and connotational associations by means of parallelism having pertinence to interpretive and evaluative stylistics. Analytically, the diction of the poem has associative meanings. The poem signifies verbal irony and emotional intensity for adherence and adoration to humanity that is the verge of extinction. The poet sarcastically applied stylistic facets for signification of structural repetition and indication of his determination towards preservation of humanitarian traits in society. Content analysis has been applied to explore to comprehend the basic themes of the poem. The analysis unfolds the manifestation of stylistics features that assist to understand the basic themes of the poem by referring to metaphorical juxtaposing thoughts in aesthetics in "Humanity i hate you".


In this paper, we establish a unique common random fixed point theorem in cone random metric spaces for four weakly compatible mappings by using an implicit relation. Some corollaries of this theorem for two and three random weakly compatible mappings are obtained. Some examples are given to support our generalization. Our results presented in this paper extend and improve several recent results in the setting of cone random metric spaces.


It is known that in thermal systems of finite size that are subject to second order phase transitions and until the spontaneous symmetry breaking is completed, the fluctuations of the order parameter obey to the dynamics of critical intermittency. Beyond the SSB, critical intermittency does not hold. Thus, it is not expected that the distribution of the waiting times in the order parameter timeseries would hold any power law. However we reveal for the first time that right after the SSB, power laws still exist within a small zone of temperatures. These power laws emerge due to another form of intermittency that determines the dynamics of the order parameter fluctuations in the beginning of the tricritical crossover, without this crossover ever being completed in a first order phase transition. In the work pesented hereby, we present and explain this change of the dynamics of the order parameter fluctuations, as the temperature drops under the temperature of the SSB. Finally, it is mentioned that such a phenomenon has been already observed in preseismic processes.


We focus on plasmonic modulators with a gain core to be implemented as active nanodevices in photonic integrated circuits. In particular, we analyze metal–semiconductor–metal (MSM) waveguides with InGaAsP-based active material layers. A MSM waveguide enables high field localization and therefore high modulation speed. The modulation is achieved by changing the gain of the core that results in different transmittance through the waveguide. Dependences on the waveguide core size and gain values of various active materials are studied. The effective propagation constants in the MSM waveguides are calculated numerically. We optimize the structure by considering thin metal layers. A thin single metal layer supports an asymmetric mode with a high propagation constant. Implementing such layers as the waveguide claddings allows to achieve several times higher effective indices than in the case of a waveguide with thick (>50 nm) metal layers. In turn, the high effective index leads to enhanced modulation speed. We show that a MSM waveguide with the electrical current control of the gain incorporates compactness and deep modulation along with a reasonable level of transmittance.


Abstract In this article, we study the nonlinear steady thermal convection of an incompressible third-grade non-Newtonian fluid from a horizontal circular cylinder. The transformed conservation equations are solved numerically subject to physically appropriate boundary conditions using a second-order accurate implicit finite-differences Keller Box technique. The influence of a number of emerging non-dimensional parameters, namely the third-grade fluid parameter (ϕ), the material fluid parameters (ϵ1, ϵ2), Prandtl number (Pr), Biot number (y), thermal radiation (F) and dimensionless tangential coordinate (ξ) on velocity and temperature evolution in the boundary layer regime are examined in detail. Furthermore, the effects of these parameters on surface heat transfer rate and local skin friction are also investigated. Validation with earlier Newtonian studies is presented and excellent correlation is achieved. It is found that the velocity, skin friction and Nusselt number (heat transfer rate) reduce with increasing third grade fluid parameter (ϕ), whereas the temperature is enhanced. Increasing material fluid parameter (ϵ1) reduces the velocity and heat transfer rate but enhances the temperature and skin friction. The study is relevant to chemical materials processing applications and low density polymer materials processing.


Objective To study the effect of cytokines interferon α (INFα) and 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine (5-AZA-CdR) on leukemia cells HL-60 and K562. Methods 1 000 U/mL INFα and different doses of 5-AZA-CdR were used for HL-60 and K562 for 48 hours. Then the mRNA expressions of Xaf1 and XIAP were measured by RT-PCR,and the members of the Bcl-2 family,mitochondrial transmembrane potential (Δψm) and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry. Results By INFα and 5-AZA-CdR the mRNA expression of Xaf1 in HL-60 and K562 were increased,and they displayed dose-dependence with 5-AZA-CdR and the effect of 5 μmol/L of 5-AZA-CdR was the most distinct,while the ones of XIAP were unchanged. By INFα only the expression of Bax in HL-60 and K562 were increased,and ones of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl unchanged. By 5-AZA-CdR the expression of Bcl-2,Bcl-xl,and Bax only in HL-60 were decreased,but in K562 ones of Bax augmented and ones of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl unaffected. Both INFα and 5-AZA-CdR could reduce Δψm and promote apoptosis. Besides apoptosis,they did not have synergetic effect on the mRNA expression of Xaf1,the members of the Bcl-2 family and Δψm. Conclusion INFα and 5-AZA-CdR obviously promoted the apoptosis of HL-60 and K562,and its mechanism maybe related to the up-regulation of the mRNA expressions of Xaf1,the down-regulation of the proportion of Bcl-2 (Bcl-xl)/Bax and decrease of Δψm.


In commemorating the work and character of Marc Daniels it is only natural that this yearly lecture should almost invariably be related to some aspect of the epidemiology, prevention, or treatment of tuberculosis. For herein lay his most memorable contributions to medicine, and herein he displayed at their best his talent and his personality. However-and I think very fortunately-the conditions of the lecture do not limit the speaker to the field of tuberculosis. They permit him to explore any subject in public health, epidemiology, or therapeutics that can be regarded as apposite to Dr. Daniels's own research interests. I need therefore make no apology for departing so far from custom and for devoting myself to a quite general problem in clinical medicine-the trial of a new (or old) treatment. More important perhaps than terms and conditions, I know well that I am embarking upon a theme which in the early trials of the new drugs in tuberculosis was often in Marc Daniels's thoughts. Not only had he an urge for perfection and accuracy, not only had he a patience and capacity for hard work that enabled him to seek that perfection in every detail-characteristics which are so necessary for the success of an organized controlled trial-but (as I wrote almost 10 years ago) he had an outlook upon the ethical problem which made him pause and reflect at every step. With all his eagerness for the experimental approach no one could have been more humane, more careful of the patient's wellbeing. These characteristics were fortunately linked with an unusual organizing ability and an unusual share of that statistical common sense that is anything but common. In a review (British Medical Journal, 1948) of the Medical Research Council's first controlled trial of streptomycin in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis it was suggested that the trial might well become a model in this field. The prediction was right. Many therapeutic trials in many branches of medicine have been founded upon this early essay. And it is in this development that lies the true memorial to Marc Daniels.


The present work aims at presenting a general vision of the characterization of the social rights in the Brazilian Constitution of 1988 in a legal dimension, in the thematic of the basic rights. And also, to analyze the modernization of these rights, as well as the trends to its flexibilization


The article presents a case study of the mental usage that Alpine communities made of their mountainous environment by way of popular religious practice in a Catholic region of Eastern Switzerland during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries.Two general tendencies were constitutive for the ways in which mountain dwellers mapped their physical environment into their religions practices: First, Tridentine Reform implied an intensification of the cult in the parish church. Potentially this reduced the amount of resources available for church rites in other parts of an often extended parish territory. Second, pilgrimages, which had been gravitated on major sanctuaries of Christendom during the Middle age, assumed an increasingly regional if not local character during the early modern period. These major tendencies were reflected in the development of regular processions that united the parishes of a particular valley and thus mapped a mountainous environment into a sacred territory. Furthermore, the study documents a multiplicity of shrines that were the object of local veneration. This is explained both by the isolation of Alpine communities and the ready availability of mechanisms producing a mental distance between the individual and his social milieu.


Purpose – This paper aims to discuss the importance, power, and significance of relationships and presence in non-directive group encounters for displaced children. Design/methodology/approach – First, the importance of relationship in not only defining but also transforming "who we are" has been discussed. Then, the conditions that can be growth-promoting were explored. Findings – Especially, a crucial element of growth-promoting group, i.e. presence, is discussed. The paper is concluded by discussing how these general techniques could be applied in the classroom. Originality/value – Among the 7.6 million newly displaced people around the world in 2012, 46% of them are aged less than 18 years. This paper proves its importance for professionals working in academia or social work for developing a methodology to engage displaced youth in growth-promoting ways.


This paper tackles motion planning in a cluttered environment with a workspace containing a vector drift field that provides an external influence on the ability of an agent to alter its state. The aim is to develop a planner that can guide the agent to a target zone, avoid clutter and marginalize the influence of drift on motion or exploit its presence in carrying out a task. Here, a variant of the harmonic potential field approach to planning is suggested to jointly process the environment geometry and the drift field and produce a dense, vector field that can safely guide motion from anywhere in the workspace to the target while managing the presence of drift in the desired manner. The approach is developed and its capabilities are demonstrated using simulation. A provably-correct method is also presented for converting the planning action into an equivalent navigation control that suits a wide class of UAVs.


The growth response of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. 'Pinto′) plants treated with 5 μg of brassinosteroid (BR) in the bean second-internode assay was measured in a controlled environment under 3 radiation sources: cool white fluorescent (CWF), far-red (FR) fluorescent and incandescent (INC) lamps. Growth comparisons were made under equal levels (90 μmol s-1 m-2) of photosynthetic photon flux density provided by CWF or INC lamps and equal levels of far-red (28 W m-2, 700–800 nm) radiation provided by the same INC or FR lamps. Treatment of the second internode with BR produced a sequential increase in elongation, curvature, and swelling under normal bioassay conditions (CWF lamps), as observed previously with brassins. In addition, BR induced marked splitting of the treated internode provided that ample photosynthate was available. Spectral quality had a differential effect on internodal elongation. Under CWF lamps, internodes, 6 days after BR-treatment, were 2–3 times longer than those of controls; under INC or FR lamps they were 30–60% shorter than those of controls. In all cases, BR-treatment greatly stimulated accumulation of photosynthate in the treated internode, as indicated by fresh and dry weights and stem diameter measurements. This suggests a possible mobilization role for BR in the intact plant. Brassinosteroid also partially overcame the natural inhibitory effects of CWF radiation on stem elongation.


Flatness control system is characterized by multi-parameters, strong coupling, pure time delay, which complicate the establishment of an accurate mathematical model. Therefore, a control scheme that combines dynamic decoupling, PI (Proportion and Integral) control and adaptive Smith predictive compensation is proposed. To this end, a dynamic matrix is used to decouple the control system. A multivariable coupled pure time-delay system is transformed into several independent generalized single-loop pure time-delay systems. Then, a PI-adaptive Smith predictive controller is constructed for the decoupled generalized single-loop pure time-delay system. Simulations show that the scheme has a simple and feasible structure, and good control performance. When the mathematical model of the control system is inaccurate, the control performance of adaptive Smith control method is evidently better than that of the ordinary Smith control method. The model is successfully applied to the cold rolling production site through LabVIEW, and the control accuracy is within 5I. This study reveals a new solution to the problem of coupled pure time-delay in flatness control system.


We study the correlation among s-wave low-energy four-nucleon observables by using a simplified dispersion theoretic (N/D) approach. We find that the triton binding energy, its asymptotic normalization parameter, the deuteron exchange left-hand cut, and the nucleon-trinucleon (N-t) scattering length control the low-energy N-t system. The isospin one channel is insensitive to the asymptotic normalization parameter of the triton. The effective range function k cotdelta for the isospin zero spin singlet N-t system has a pole whose position and residue are strongly correlated with the N-t scattering length. In this case the four-nucleon system (in our model) has an excited state whose binding energy and asymptotic normalization parameter are also correlated with the N-t scattering length.


The researcher participates in large-scale astronomical survey projects, which are collaborative efforts of many institutions and individuals. Management of the raw and processed/calibrated data is handled by those projects. The researcher would like to have a better way to share the data behind the figures in their published papers with other researchers. The effort involved in retrieving and documenting the data so it's usable by others is a barrier to sharing the data. It would be easier to share data from publications if it could be deposited to a centralized repository (institutional or elsewhere), where it could be maintained past the length of a grant-funded project. It would be very important for the data to be linked from the article in ADS (Astrophysics Data System http://adswww.harvard.edu/), so that other researchers would know it was available.


Emergent phenomena at complex-oxide interfaces have become a vibrant field of study in the past two decades due to the rich physics and a wide range of possibilities for creating new states of matter and novel functionalities for potential devices. Electronic-structural characterization of such phenomena presents a unique challenge due to the lack of direct yet non-destructive techniques for probing buried layers and interfaces with the required Ångstrom-level resolution, as well as element and orbital specificity. In this review article we survey several recent studies wherein soft x-ray standing-wave photoelectron spectroscopy, a relatively newly developed technique, is used to investigate buried oxide interfaces exhibiting emergent phenomena such as metal-insulator transition, interfacial ferromagnetism, and twodimensional electron gas. Advantages, challenges, and future applications of this methodology are also discussed.


Ruthenium-99 Mossbauer spectra have been obtained for the ternary oxides SrRuO3, CaRuO3, BaRuO3, and Y2Ru2O7 and for the quaternary oxides Sr(Ru1–xIrx)O3(x= 0·1 and 0·2) and Sr(Ru0·7Mn0·3)O3. The spectrum of SrRuO3 reveals the first example of a hyperfine magnetic field in a ruthenium compound; the internal field of 352 kG at 4·2 K is compatible with the ferromagnetic moment derived from neutron-diffraction data, and confirms the collective-electron magnetism model for this perovskite. A more precise value for the E2/M1 mixing ratio of 2·72 ± 0·17 has been obtained for the 99Ru Mossbauer γ transition. The oxide CaRuO3 shows only a single line and hence no magnetic ordering even at 4·2 K; it is not antiferromagnetic as previously reported but is Curie-Weiss paramagnetic. The oxide BaRuO3 also gives a singlet; there is no long-range antiferromagnetic ordering, but within each cluster of three face-sharing RuO6 units localised pairing of the 4d electrons takes place. The oxide Y2Ru2O7 is magnetically ordered at 4·2 K, with a hyperfine field of 126 kG. Substitution of ruthenium by iridium in the oxide SrRuO3 reduces the field at ruthenium by approximately 60 kG for each iridium nearest neighbour, whereas in the case of manganese substitution the reduction for each manganese neighbour is only 22 kG.


The comparative study of sports materials and standard of PE course is advantageous to the implementation of the standard. Therefore, the realization of the usability of the standard is also of great help in reaching the goal of it.


Despite the veritable spate of books on the epilepsies and individual aspects thereof over the past few years, the appearance of Wyllie's tome sets a new standard for comprehensiveness on the subject of treatment of epilepsy. The authorship includes 128 individuals, most of whom have made significant contributions in their individual areas of expertise. Yet, this book is much more than a Name-Dropper's Guide to the Galaxy of Epileptology. It brings together the collective experience of those actively engaged in both research and the clinical areas covered, providing a remarkably up-to-date account whose currency has been enhanced by the fast-track treatment of editor and publisher. The book has six main sections. Section 1 is devoted to basic mechanisms including neuroanatomy, neurophysiology, and principles of genetics and epidemiology. I found the chapters on the basic mechanisms of epileptogenesis and natural history of seizures of particular value in clarifying areas that frequently


Poly(L-glutamic acid)s with various contents of 4-[10,15,20-tris(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-porphyrinyl]phenoxy groups (polymers 3a–e) prepared by reaction of poly(L-glutamic acid) (1) and 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-hydroxyphenyl)porphyrin (2) in the presence of dicyclohexylcarbodiimide. The structures of 3a–e in ethanol were studied by CD spectroscopy and it was found that the introduction of large amounts of porphyrin moieties into 3 tends to prevent the α-helix formation. The IR dichroic ratios of films of 3a–e, obtained by rubbing the concentrated ethanol solution on an NaCl plate with a spatula into a constant direction, gave informations about the orientation of the α-helix rod. X-ray diffraction photographs suggest that the crystalline packing of the α-helix is more disordered with increasing content of porphyrin moieties in 3. Polarizing microscopy indicates that 3a–d form lyotropic liquid crystals in concentrated DMF solution.


Now that I have your attention by using the magic word "Free" let me tell you about the "Smart Drives" that the History Committee has produced for EMC Society members. The first Smart Drive we produced in 2015 contained all the technical papers from the IEEE International EMC Symposiums from 2000-2014. These papers are key word searchable and are searchable by authors and topics. The second Smart Drive we produced in 2016 had all the technical papers from the IEEE International Symposiums from 1964 - 1999.


We show a portable third and second harmonic generation microscope in the clinic generating 3D real-time high resolution images of fresh lung tumor tissue providing immediate pathological feedback for clinicians potentially reducing endoscopy/operation time.


Review quest ion / Object ive: This systematic review analyzes the effect of resistance training on energy intake and appetite regulation among overweight or obese people. Although the benefits and effects of resistance training have been analyzed in the literature, there is minimal direct scientific evidence on the effect of resistance training on energy intake and appetite regulation among overweight or obese people. Therefore, it is essential to analyze related scientific evidence on the potential benefits and risks of resistance training before impacting energy intake and appetite regulation. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to provide a


Financial systems channel funds in an economy from the surplus economic units lacking appropriate investment opportunities to the deficit economic units with such opportunities. The surplus units seeking returns by employing their funds in productive activities and the deficit units interested in exploiting their investment opportunities contact one another through a network of financial markets and institutions in the economy. The participants make financial contracts in ways which satisfy their requirements regarding liquidity, denomination, maturities, and risk diversification [Anwar (1987), pp. 296-297]. In this way, the financial markets contribute to a higher production, efficiency, and economic welfare of everyone in the society [Mishkin (1989), p. 45]. In recent years, the appetite for investment in the markets of developing countries has increased manyfold [Hussain (1994), p. 2]. A good many of such developing markets are in Islamic countries such as Egypt, Turkey, Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Malaysia. Well-developed Islamic financial markets would contribute towards economic development by attracting capital inflows and checking capital flight from the Islamic nations. Islamisation of financial institutions, especially banking and insurance, has received sufficient attention since 1950. In fact, a number of Islamic banks and insurance companies are now operating worldwide. Islamisation of financial markets has, however, received relatively little attention from the academic and practitioners, although some "Islamic" securities have been introduced in several Muslim countries including Pakistan, Jordan, Sudan, Iran, and Malaysia. The major task of this study is to discuss the "Islamicity" of the main activities in the conventional capital markets and the Malaysian "Islamic" capital market instruments in the light of Islamic principles. The study is organised as follows. An Islamic criteria for portfolio management through capital market activities is developed in Section 2. The "Islamicity" of conventional capital market (with an emphasis on secondary markets) operations and the "Islamic" capital market in Malaysia are discussed in Sections 3 and 4 respectively. Additional recommendations towards the Islamisation of capital markets are made in the final section.


In this article the author presents poems published in the press about the person and work of the ex-priest, Juan B. Cabrera Ivars, first Anglican Bishop ofSpain. The majority of these texts express the intolerance shown towards prolestantism which, the author believes, stemsfron the "fe castificada" forged in Spain at the end ofthe Middie Ages and which was slill rife when the poems were written.


Norberto Bobbio's intellectual restlessness, his republican compromise and his readiness to dialogue are examined regarding their scope and their limits.


The location Zagradski potok near Busovača in Bosnia and Hercegovina has yielded numerous hyalophane specimens. Unique Karlsbad twins and different types of Manebach-Baveno combination twins were found there. The most inter esting are double Manebach-Baveno combination twins. The mineral paragenesis present at this location is typical for alpine-type veins. The morphology of these minerals is described as a result of the active tectonic environment that caused the formation of so-called fadens (threads) and correlated secondary and tertiary morphological structures that feature in the Karlsbad twins and ManebachBaveno combination twins. The different twinnings observed in the hyalophane crystals at this location are therefore the result of the mechanical process. Different combinations of Karlsbad twins are mentioned and described: (001)and (OlO)-Manebach-Baveno combination twins as well as (010)-(010)-ManeÌDachBavenoand (O01)-(010)-Manebach-Baveno combination twins. Similar adularla morphological structures can be described with the theory proposed.


We report magnetic susceptibility, resistivity, and Seebeck coefficients for Bi 2 - x M x Ru 2 O 7 pyrochlore. The solid solution exists up to x=0.5 for M=Cu,Ni,Co and up to x=0.1 for M=Fe,Mn. The doped materials do not exhibit ferromagnetism or any localized ruthenium moment behavior. Instead we find the Ru-O and Bi-O sublattices to be essentially independent, with any magnetism resulting from the unpaired first-row transition metal dopant spins. Cobalt substitution for bismuth results in localized Co 2 + and low-temperature spin-glass transitions in several cases. Nickel moments on the pyrochlore lattice display properties intermediate to localized and itinerant. Finally, copper doping results in an enhancement of the Pauli metallic density of states.


Introduction: Nitric Oxide (NO) is a crucial molecule in cardiovascular biology. Abnormalities in NO are critical in atherosclerosis and impairment of the NO pathway increases risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). A possible cause of endothelial dysfunction is an elevation (in plasma) of the endogenous inhibitor of NO synthase, asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA). ADMA was initially described in renal failure. 80% of ADMA is metabolized by the enzyme dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH) in the liver. DDAH-1 is widely distributed and felt to be the major determinant of circulating ADMA levels. Very little data is available regarding the cause and effects of DDAH dysregulation in the liver. Understanding the biology of DDAH represents a target for better understanding of CVD and for novel therapy. Hypothesis: Diabetes and related factors will alter DDAH expression/activity potentially modulating the amount of ADMA. Methods: Liver tissues from control and db/db mice were archival. Human skeletal muscle tissue was obtained from cardiovascular surgical patients. HepG2 cells were used for low/high glucose treatment studies (5mM/25mM). DDAH-1 expression was determined using Western immunoblotting. DDAH activity measurement used a colourimetric assay. Intra/extracellular ADMA were measured in HepG2 cells using an HPLC-MS/MS technique. Results: In skeletal muscle from diabetic cardiac surgery patients DDAH-1 protein expression is increased ( P db/db mice livers versus control had a significant increase in DDAH expression and activity. Using HepG2 cells we specifically examined the effect of 25mM glucose on DDAH-1. Treatment increased expression and activity of DDAH-1 ( P Conclusion: These novel results report an alteration of DDAH-1 expression and activity in hepatic tissues and cells in response to elevated glucose - a result which has not been reported previously. This suggests a possible link between the DDAH/ADMA/NOS pathway, diabetes, and glycaemic dysregulation - key risk factors in CVD.


Since the 1970s, women and gender have had a complex relationship with urban planning and architecture. From then until now, women have played an important role as social reformers; however, histor...


One Newcastle disease virus(NDV) isolate named PB9601 and collected from homing pigeon was characterized molecularly and biologically. And the isolate was determined as a virulent strain by the mean death time(MDT) of 50.5 h, the intracerebral pathogenicity index(ICPI) of 1.65, and the intravenous pathogenicity index (IVPI) of 2.36. The fusion(F) and hemagglutinin-neuraminidase(HN) genes of the isolate PB9601 were cloned and sequenced. The deduced amino acid sequence of F gene showed that the virus shared a velogenic motif 112 KRQKRF 117 at the cleavage site. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the viruses derived from pigeon such as PB9601, YN-03 and TW-98 belonged to genotypeⅥ. For the F gene of the isolate PB9601, the homologies of the deduced amino acid sequences were 88.6%, 91.0% and 90.6%, respectively, compared with strains LaSota, V4 and F48E9; 92.1%, 95.5% and 98.6% individually for isolates GX-05, YN-03 and TW-98 from host pigeon in China, and 93.3%, 91.9%, 94.6%, 95.1% and 93.6% respectively for pigeon-origin isolates Capital3-97, Tigre6-99, 1166-00, IT-227-82 and 2736-00 overseas. By comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences of HN gene, the isolate PB9601 with the exotic pigeon-origin strains 1166-00, IT-227-82 and 2736-00 shared higher homologies of 93.7%, 95.5% and 92.3%, and lower homologies of 87.2%, 89.2% and 87.6% with LaSota, F48E9 and V4. The results indicated that PB9601 had some obviously regional and genus traits among NDV strains.


Objective To investigate the etiology of pneumonia in children and its development regularity of TCM syndrome, and to explore and evaluate the curative effect and TCM syndrome effect of the synthetical treatment on children's pneumonia.Methods The study was carried out according to GCP(good clinical practice) to treat 840 cases of children's pneumonia. PA was applied to detect MP antibody and ELISA was applied to detect the antibody of ADV,RSV,IV. The children's clinical features were documented at the days of admitted hospital and the 3rd day ,the 5th day,the 7th day, and the syndrome types were defined. The development regularity of TCM syndrome in children's pneumonia at different observing points and different regions was analyzed by development probability methods. To experiment and control group , general curative effect, therapeutic effect for traditional Chinese medicine syndrome and each clinical symptom were analyzed.Results Results indicated that viral positive cases were 303 and the positive rate of MP was the highest at the age of 3-7 ,the viral positive rates were higher in group younger than 3 years old ; The distribution of etiology in different seasons was not obvious in dongbei and chengdu (P0.05),the difference of that was obvious in shanghai and Guangzhou(P0.05).There was no obvious difference in different syndrome of different etiology(P0.05). In the initial stage, most of the syndrome types of children′s pneumonia were wind and heat blockage of lung syndrome and pulmonary retention of phlegmopyrexia syndrome;The middle stage was the key point from sthenia syndrome to asthenia syndrome. There was no noteble difference in syndrome distribution between north and south in the initial stage but notable difference in the final stage of children's pneumonia. The synthetical treatment of Chinese medicine on children's pneumonia could improve the therapeutic effect in each aspect evidently.Conclusions The incidence of MP pneumonia is highest in preschool age children and the incidence of viral pneumonia is highest in young children; the positive rate of virus in south is higher than that in north. There are different development regularity of TCM syndrome of children's pneumonia in different observing points and different regions . The synthetical treatment can shorten the therapeutic period for children's pneumonia, and may be a reasonable solution for the treatment of children's pneumonia.


In recent years, the state has carried out landscape restoration for the Da Bijia Mountain many times. In order to master the effect of landscape restoration, 3D image data of the Da Bijia Mountain were obtained by UAV with high-precision and light-small oblique photogrammetry, and a series of data processing method as multi-vision image joint adjustment and Dense matching of multi-vision images was carried out to enable the 3D image production. Using the 3D image of the Da Bijia Mountain, plus with the evaluation of its renovation and repair effect, and through the method of surface area measurement to calculate the amount of renovation and repair quantities, the results showed that the amount of engineering quantities calculated by this method was similar to the actual amount, which provided an effective technical method for landscape restoration and monitoring in the future.


Traditionally intelligence systems are popular in robotics, decision-making, multimedia processing, data mining etc. Recently, green technology and CO2 gas reduction issues have been a major issue, paving the way for artificial intelligence researchers to formulate effective solutions. Therefore, there are good prospects for researchers to study green technology and CO2 gas reduction problems because those issues are directly affecting our daily life. Energy saving and development, power management for renewable energy sources are very important for green technology and CO2 gas reduction. This paper describes our application methods studied up to now for evaluating green technology.


The question of cultural memory is particularly complex in the case of the Caribbean due to its fragmented
 history, which has led to great cultural diversity. Created within and outside the Caribbean during the last twenty years,
 structured online archives have taken up the issue of dispersed memories by taking an inventory of a multiplicity of objects which
 testify to the diverse past of Caribbean societies. Taking Glissant's concept of Relation as a starting point, I analyze in this
 article to what extent these archives contribute to the constitution of a cultural memory in terms of contents, structure as well
 as possibilities of participation, considering the complexity of historical and social threads woven together within and between
 the Caribbean territories. To address this question, I will draw on two online archives specializing in the Caribbean: The
 Caribbean Memory Project and the digital library MANIOC.


The terms that the title lists, historically placed, require a socioeducational team that conforms and constructs the reality where it works. Being conscious of it, this team elaborates an institutional reasoning that makes sense to the action and also to its history of transformation of the reality. The team becomes itself by means of this reasoning and learns theoretically through institutional innovation and development. From this starting point, tools that enable to apprehend the reality, in such way that it can be transformed (evaluated and improved) through socioeducational intervention, are offered. Finally, formative propositions are presented.


The performance of a recognition system is usually experimentally determined. Therefore, one cannot predict the performance of a recognition system a priori for a new dataset. In this paper, a statistical model to predict the value of k in the rank-k identification rate for a given biometric system is presented. Thus, one needs to search only the topmost k match scores to locate the true match object. A geometrical probability distribution is used to model the number of non match scores present in the set of similarity scores. The model is tested in simulation and by using a public dataset. The model is also indirectly validated against the previously published results. The actual results obtained using publicly available database are very close to the predicted results which validates the proposed model.


Brazilian radio, in the last eighty years, since its beginning, has created habits and fashions, overcome geographic limits, changed day-to-day attitudes, invented and consolidated different kinds of very successful programmes. In the 1940s and 1950s, the number of radio stations grew enormously, and they were so attractive to audiences that the period became known as "the golden age of Brazilian radio". The radio series (or, more accurately, radio soap-operas) played an outstanding role in those years. More than half a century later, it is possible to say that the radio "soaps" are, at one and the same time, famous and unknown. The present study aims at recovering part of the genre's history – a genre which is so important in the history of Brazilian radio itself.


The pagenumber problem for ordered sets is known to be NP-complete, even if the order of the elements on the spine is fixed. In this paper, we investigate this problem for some classes of ordered sets. We provide an efficient algorithm for drawing bipartite interval orders in the minimum number of pages needed. We also give an upper bound for the pagenumber of general bipartite ordered sets and the pagenumber of the complete multipartite ordered sets with length four and five.


Background Goiter mapping on elementary school students in 1998 showed that the prevalence of endemic goiter was still high at Enrekang regency, South Sulawesi despite various programs to manage this problem. This raised questions if there were any other factors that contribute to the occurrence of goiter e.g. genetic fac- tor, which can be assessed indirectly by dermatoglyphic pattern. Objective To determine the dermatoglyphic pattern in goitrous children and compare it to normal children. Methods A cross sectional study was done to investigate the cor- relation between goiter and dermatoglyphic patterns on 115 el- ementary school students at Anggeraja and Baraka subdistricts, Enrekang regency. Dermatoglyphic patterns of finger tips of both hands and right hallux were scanned using Prolink scanner with Maximum Resolution of 19200x19200dpi and interpreted using photo/image editing computer program. Results Seventy two (62.6%) of 115 children were goitrous, sev- enty (97%) were of stage1, and 2 (3%) of stage 2. No significant difference was found in dermatoglyphic patterns between normal and goitrous children. Tibial loop pattern of the right hallux tended to be more frequent in goitrous children than that of normal chil- dren, but it was not statistically different (in level of significancy of 0.05) compared to normal children (p=0.085). Conclusions This study indicates that the possibility of the role of ge- netic factor in the development of goiter in endemic area is unlikely