MANY investigators have contributed to the knowledge of various aspects of the arthropod-borne encephalitides, including the etiology, epidemiology, natural cycle, control of the vector, and laboratory technics. Meyer' in 1930 first recognized an encephalomyelitis in horses in California and suspected a virus etiology. By 1932 he and his co-workers2 suspected that the same causative agent produced an encephalitis in humans. H o ~ i t t , ~ # * in 1938, first definitely established that a Western strain of the equine encephalitis virus was the etiologic agent for human encephalitis occurring in the Central Valley of California. Muckenfuss and his co-workers5 isolated a virus of the central nervous system of humans in an epidemic of encephalitis centering in St. Louis in 1933. This has since become known as the St. Louis neurotropic virus. This virus was isolated from a fatal human case in California in 1945 by Lennette.6 Hammon and Reeves and their coworkers,?** working in the San Joaquin Valley in California and in the Yakima Valley in Washington, established that mosquitoes, primarily the C u h tarsalis, are the principal vector of the Western equine and St. Louis viruses. A mosquito vector helps to explain the seasonal appearance and the geographic distribution of these encephalitides in California, but the true reservoirs of infection are still not definitely known. Birds, domestic fowl, and certain mammal hosts are being studied currently as possible


This study was carried out to produce stable evening primrose oil in water emulsion by using various emulsifier with HLB (8.6, 12, 16.7), concentration (0-45%) and emulsification methods such as high-speed emulsification (7,000 rpm, 2 min) and high-pressure homogenization (10,000 psi, 1 cycle). And then properties of evening primrose oil in water emulsion was evaluated with keeping at room temperature and 40oC during 28 days. Lower HLB 8.6 and high viscosity emulsifier added emulsions were not appropriate for high-pressure homogenization and were separated in a day. The optimum emulsification condition was HLB 12 and high-pressure homogenization (10,000 psi, 1 cycle) for evening primrose oil in water emulsion. These emulsions produced by optimum condition were not separated with the aqueous phase and the oil phase and they were nano-sized around 200 nm, higher zeta-potential (±mV), mono-polydispersed (<0.3), and less oxidized (<0.4) during 28 days.


Genome RNA was extracted from bone marrow of pig (Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire) and PR39 mRNA amplified through PTPCR with special primers. A DNA fragment about 349 bp in length was obtained. The PCR product was cloned into pGEMT vector and sequedced. Sequence analysis suggested that this fragment was partial sequence of pr39 gene cDNA and coded 113 amino acid residues, which constituted the major part of pr39 mature peptide. The gene fragment gained in this study was consistent with the porcine pr39 cDNA partial sequence in Genebank.


The bis(ethylenedithio) tetrathiafulvalene salt (BEDT-TTF)3Cl2·2H2O (1) has been prepared and characterised by single crystal X-ray diffraction, four probe electrical conductivity, and e.s.r. measurements, showing a metallic 2D network of BEDT-TTF molecules, separated by complex anions consisting of units of 4Cl– and 4 H2O molecules (σ= 0.6 S cm–1 at 300 K) with a metal–insulator transition at 100 K; activated behaviour of the spin susceptibility in the metallic regime is tentatively ascribed to Peierls fluctuations, lowering N(IµF) with temperature.


Stones from heaven, better known as meteorites, provide a wealth of information about the solar system's formation, since they have similar building blocks as the Earth's crust but have been virtually unaltered since their formation. Some stony meteorites contain minerals and silicate inclusions, called chondrules, in the matrix. Utilizing MSssbauer spectroscopy, we identified minerals in the Murchison meteorite, a carbonaceous chondritic meteorite, by the gamma ray resonance lines observed. Absorption patterns of the spectra were found due to the minerals olivine and phyllosilicate. We used a scanning electron microscope to describe the structure of the chondrules in the Murchison meteorite. The chondrules were found to be deformed due to weathering of the meteorite. Diameters varied in size from 0.2 to 0.5 ram. Further enhancement of the microscopic imagery using a digital image processor was used to describe the physical characteristics of the inclusions. 294 https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19910018789 2020-01-03T22:27:43+00:00Z


In this paper,based on the Canonical Correlation Analysis(CCA),a new supervised learning algorithm called Locality Discriminative CCA(LDCCA) is developed,which introduces the class information of samples and considers the local correlations of both of the within-class samples and the between-class samples.The feature extracted by LDCCA can realize the maximization of local within-class correlations and the minimization of local between-class correlations,which is good for classification of pattern.The experimental results on an artificial dataset,multiple feature database and facial database including ORL,Yale and AR show that the proposed LDCCA can effectively enhance the classification performance by using class information.


An EMG (electromyogram)-angle neural network was built to estimate elbow movement in a lifting task from sEMG signals in this study. The movement conditions vary with 6 different weights and no load. Subsequently the predicted angle could be utilized as the control signal of a 2DOF powered exoskeleton. Sixteen-channel EMG raw data sets were acquired from two commercial wearable MYO gesture armbands. The signals were then segmented, rectified and filtered with FIR filter to extract features of EMG signals. Afterward a three-layered BPNN (back propagation neural network) was trained to predict the elbow joint angle. Finally experiments were conducted to evaluate the feasibility of the developed architecture.


The interband cascade (IC) IR LED light with 0.65% efficiency is reported. We believe this is the highest efficiency from IC LED structure reported so far. We discussed various device structures for enhanced light intensity


This article aims to present theoretical and analytical contributions of how photography can be a methodology for the cultural "translation process", related to the epistemological scope of the sociology of absences, proposed by the sociologist Boaventura de Sousa Santos and, as a consequence, expand the photovoice methodology, created by Wang and Burris (1997). It is intended to expand the referred methodology making it more robust in the research field, by analyzing photography as a subjective expression, in a transdisciplinary way, from inflections connected with the epistemology of semiotics, of the "indiciary paradigm, as well as through the concepts of the "optical unconscious", the "indiciary paradigm" and the "photography-expression", so that they can collaborate to strengthen the methodological of dialogical practices and photography in the field of action research.


Simple Summary Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the female population, with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer accounting for two-third of incidents. Endocrine therapy has proven beneficial in treating ER-positive breast cancer. However, resistance acquired toward therapy remains a drawback in treatment. The activation of signaling pathways regulated by estrogen receptors has been linked with the evasion of cell death and drug resistance. An important role in regulating signals determining cell survival or death is assigned to the Bcl-2 family of proteins. Since the upregulation of anti-survival Bcl-2 proteins has been associated with decreased endocrine therapy efficacy and resistance, this review focuses on the molecular regulation of this group of proteins in ER-positive breast cancer and their implications in endocrine therapy treatment. Furthermore, advancements in the development of agents targeting the Bcl-2 family proteins have been overviewed, and their application in ER-positive breast cancer is presented. Abstract Estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer accounts for around two-thirds of breast cancer occurrences, with endocrine therapy serving as first-line therapy in most cases. Targeting estrogen signaling pathways, which play a central role in regulating ER+ breast cell proliferation and survival, has proven to improve patient outcomes. However, despite the undeniable advantages of endocrine therapy, a subset of breast cancer patients develop acquired or intrinsic resistance to ER-targeting agents, limiting their efficacy. The activation of downstream ER signaling pathways upregulates pro-survival mechanisms that have been shown to influence the response of cells to endocrine therapy. The Bcl-2 family proteins play a central role in cell death regulation and have been shown to contribute to endocrine therapy resistance, supporting the survival of breast cancer cells and enhancing cell death evasion. Due to the overexpression of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins in ER-positive breast cancer, the role of these proteins as potential targets in hormone-responsive breast cancer is growing in interest. In particular, recent advances in the development of BH3 mimetics have enabled their evaluation in preclinical studies with ER+ breast cancer models, and BH3 mimetics have entered early ER+ breast cancer clinical trials. This review summarizes the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of Bcl-2 family proteins in ER+ breast cancer. Furthermore, an overview of recent advances in research regarding the efficacy of BH3 mimetics in ER+ breast cancer has been provided.


The invention relates to a small-size and light-weight optical system with an adjustable focal length. The invention relates to a method and system comprising an image plane (203, 303) on which there is formed an image of the target observed by the optical system, a first optical component (204, 304) with an adjustable focal length, and a prism (201, 301) with an optical path that is adjustable to correspond to the focal length adjusted for the first optical component (204, 304). By means of the optical system according to the invention, there is formed an image of the target under observation, located at the distance of the focal length of the first optical component (204, 304), on the image plane (203, 303) so that the first optical component (204, 304), the prism (201, 301) and the image plane (203, 303) remain permanently in place in relation to each other.


The modifying effects of 1,000 rads x-radiation on the goitrogenic response of the rat thyroid to methylthiouracil administration were studied at intervals up to 1 year after irradiation. Compared to the normal goitrogenic response, 1,000 rads x-radiation caused no cell death but resulted in a marked diminution in the 10 day goitrogenic response observed immediately after irradiation. Over the following 12 months, there was still no evidence of cell death nor was there any further reduction in the over-all reproductive capacity of the thyroid follicular cell population compared to that observed immediately after irradiation. It is, therefore, concluded that a "radiation partial thyroidectomy" which requires the combination of significant cell death along with significant reproductive survival is intrinsically impossible in the rat using homogeneous organ irradiation. As 1,000 rads x-radiation does not produce a significant number of nonfunctioning viable follicular cell mutants, a "functional radiation pa...


We introduce an argument generation system in debating, one that is based on sentence retrieval. Users can specify a motion such as This house should ban gambling, and a stance on whether the system agrees or disagrees with the motion. Then the system outputs three argument paragraphs based on "values" automatically decided by the system. The "value" indicates a topic that is considered as a positive or negative for people or communities, such as health and education. Each paragraph is related to one value and composed of about seven sentences. An evaluation over 50 motions from a popular debate website showed that the generated arguments are understandable in 64 paragraphs out of 150.


A severe low‐temperature snowstorm and ice freezing event occurred in China in early 2018. This event was similar to that occurred in early 2008 but with a weaker intensity and salient difference in location and extent. The reason for this discrepancy was investigated in this study using station data and atmospheric reanalysis data. The results reveal that two different circulation patterns (i.e., zonal dipole pattern and meridional dipole pattern) over the mid‐high latitudes of Eurasia played an important role. The zonal dipole pattern, which is closely related to the 2018 event, is characterized by positive anomalies over the Ural Mountains and negative anomalies over Lake Baikal in the 500 hPa geopotential height field. This pattern can cause intense low temperatures in northern China through its influence on the anomalous cyclone over Northeast Asia. The meridional dipole pattern, which is highly associated with the 2008 event, is characterized by positive anomalies over Siberia and negative anomalies over Asia in the 500 hPa geopotential height field. This pattern corresponds to a strong East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM) and can drive cold air to move further southward, causing nearly nationwide chilly weather, particularly in northwestern China and south of the Yangtze River valley. The two patterns, combined with the strengthened western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH), have a synergistic role in the occurrence of snowfall. However, these patterns have weak correlations with the number of icy days but provide favourable conditions for ice freezing events.


Thermomechanical degradation, as a result of mixing at 175°C during the preparation of polystyrene composites containing monodisperse (0.45μm) crosslinked polystyrene beads, often leads to a uniform decrease in rheological properties on increasing the concentration or on reducing the crosslink density of the beads. The extent of such degradation depends on the molecular weight of polystyrene and on the crosslink density of the polystyrene beads. Scission fragments from decomposed beads may induce free radical degradation of the polystyrene matrix. Degradation during mixing of the beads and the matrix is suppressed by mixing crosslinked beads in a polystyrene solution, and removing the solvent, or by melt mixing after adding 0.2% BHT. Polystyrene beads and composites show thermally induced weight loss on heating above 330°C in nitrogen or above 250°C in air. Networks of increased crosslink density are of enhanced thermal stability on heating in the absence of shear.


This thesis explores the QR code and ways to increase its capacity.The procedure of QR code generation is analyzed in details and the possibilities of optimization of each step are described. Existing solutions have been explored with the approach of colored QR codes being explained in details. Finally, enhancing the QR code capacity was explained using data compression and colored code. The advantages and disadvantages of this approach are analyzed as well as the possibilities of replacing QR codes with new technologies.


In the current design cord of AIJ(Architectural Institute of Japan), the minimum strength reduction factor of a structural wall due to the openings is limited to 0.6 by restricting the maximum ratio of opening sizes to the corresponding wall length and height. In this study, a modified macro-model is proposed to establish a simple method to design a reinforced concrete structural wall having large openings with a significant eccentricity. The model is composed of column elements and strut-and-tie elements which represents the wall parts. The proposed model was established by modifying the model proposed by Tekehara et al. to obtain more accurate load-deformation relationships in the case of multi-story walls with eccentric openings. The main modified item is the additional modeling of the concrete struts and tension ties located around the openings. The proposed model was applied to three of the three-storied reinforced concrete structural walls with eccentric openings, where the adjacent walls between the stories were connected by rigid beam elements and the springs expressed by bi-linear models. The results obtained from the proposed model were compared with those from experiments and the model by Takehara et al. and the adequacy of the proposed model was confirmed.


IT is a rather surprising fact that Descartes in his attempt to rebuild philosophy and the sciences never undertook to apply his method of universal doubt to the field of ethics. There would have been enough "valid and well-considered reasons" for him so to do. We need to remember only that the first part of his Discourse on Method expressed a profound distrust -of ancient moral philosophy, which he compared to "very towering and magnificent palaces with no better foundation than sand and mud," chiefly for the reason that it gives us no adequate criterion for what it calls "virtue."' Nevertheless, Descartes seems to exempt ethics from the rigors of his new method when, for the duration of his experiment in doubt, he adopts a type of interim ethics whose principal maxims are (i) conformity in all matters settled by the authorities of his day and, in all matters not settled by them, a middleof-the-road course; (2) a strikingly pragmatist rejection of doubt when it comes to immediate action; (3) self-adjustment to external vicissitudes, thus making, as it were, a virtue out of necessity; and (4), as a private maxim, the choice of the scientific way of life as the answer to his own personal problem (Part III). Moreover, at least in his Discourse and in his Meditations, Descartes never returns from the final reconstruction of his metaphysical belief in the existence of God and in a dualistic world to a critical revision of this provisional ethics. Rather


In the course of a long lifetime devoted to eloquence and its teaching, Isocrates moved through various categories of logoi, taking great care to define his particular code and the specific functions assigned to each discourse. This chapter looks at some of the most significant theoretical formulations contained in Isocrates' orations, and in particular the ones in which he defines the nature of his logoi, drawing comparisons with the forms of discourse current in contemporary production. More than twenty years later, in the oration On the Peace, Isocrates reaffirms the advisability of uniting praise and advice. The theoretical indications and general precepts that recur in orations like the Helen and Evagoras make it plausible to maintain that in Isocrates' teaching program praise constituted a specific, independent part, albeit linked to the other components.Keywords: Evagoras; Helen; Isocrates' orations; praise speech


The proliferation of memorials, monuments and a preoccupation with anniversaries has stimulated scholarly interest in the role of memory in society. This 'memory turn' was propelled by the (re)discovery of the work of French social theorists such as Maurice Halbwachs on collective memory, and that of Pierre Nora on sites of memory. Anglo-American scholars have belatedly caught on to the trend. Since the 1990s memory studies has flourished in academic institutions in Europe and North America, with courses being offered at many universities.


Wireless sensor network has been applied to many areas for a long time. A new kind of wireless sensors equipped with a camera and a microphone has been emerging recently. This kind of sensor is called wireless multimedia sensor (WMS) because it can capture and process multimedia data such as image, sound, and video. The visual monitoring network is a typical scenario of WMS application. Massive data would be produced in a short time because of the intensive WMS deployment. Many data aggregation and compression technologies have been proposed for addressing how to transfer data efficiently. However, data aggregation technologies need highly efficient router algorithm, and compression algorithms might consume more computation time and memory because of the high complexity. This paper applies data deduplication technology to this scenario. It can eliminate the redundant data from raw data to exploit the network bandwidth efficiently. Moreover, a chunking algorithm with low computation complexity is presented in this paper, and its efficiency has been proved through the experiments.


— This essay is a contribution on the theme of healing of body and soul that has been found throughout the history of Religion and Medicine, seeking to give concrete examples of the importance (and necessity) of studying the interconnectedness of medicine and spirituality in current medical practice in the cure of the patient .


Populations of Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae), and its predatory mite, Agistemus exsertus Gonzalez (Acari: Stigmaeidae), were determined on four soybean varieties, namely, Giza 22, 35, 82 and 111, during the 2016 season, and in addition some biological aspects of both species were studied. The results obtained revealed that Giza 35 variety was the most susceptible variety with significant difference between the mean numbers of T. urticae compared with other varieties. The mean rate of infestation was 11.89 individuals/25 cm2 of leaves, while the mean number of T. urticae was 7.11 and 3.54 individuals/25 cm2 of leaves for Giza 111 and Giza 82 without significant difference. Giza 22 recorded the lowest mean number of T. urticae, 1.53 individuals/25 cm2. The population dynamics of T. urticae showed that infestation increased gradually from mid-June reach its maximum at the end of July, and then decreased gradually at the beginning of August, reaching its minimum number at the beginning of September before harvest time. As for A. exsertus, data showed that the mean number of A. exsertus was the highest on Giza 35 (2.46 individuals/25 cm2) followed by Giza 22 (2.13 individuals/25 cm2), but Giza 82 and Giza 111 mean numbers were 1.99, and 1.91 individuals/25 cm2. Life cycle of tetranychid males was the shortest when reared on Giza 35 with significant difference with other varieties. As for females the shortest life cycle was when reared on Giza 35 with significant difference with Giza 22 which recorded the longest life cycle for males and females, respectively.


The aim of my thesis is to focus on the African American players of basketball and analyse their daily struggles portrayed in the various film adaptations. First, the creation of basketball is described as well as the social situation regarding African Americans. The historical context is given as the thesis deals with the topic of slavery, official segregation and racism on the U.S. territory. The overview includes the establishment of the first all-black basketball leagues and mentions the breaking of colour line in the National Basketball League. The next part of my thesis is concerned with the introduction of film adaptations. Each film presents a basketball team or an individual of Afro American origin as they all try to overcome the issue of race in the pursuit of their happiness. The last part specifically focus on the chief obstacles that players have to face on daily basis as the individual movies depict them. The topic of discrimination, violence, living in a ghetto or education are further analysed in full detail.


In this paper,the author puts forward the limit approximation model in computing space average of rock wave velocity on the basis of four traditional models like Voight model,Ruess model,Hill model and geometry average model.In this model,the author proposes a recursion based on Hill model and geometry average model.The limit approximation of this model can be acquired through it,which is very typical and makes sense.


The invention provides a reconstituted tobacco chlorine ion regulation and control method. The method includes the steps that suspended solids in extracting solution generated in an extraction section in the reconstituted tobacco production process are removed through separation and purification; ion exchange is conducted on 10-100% of the total mass of the purified extracting solution through an anion exchanger, and then chlorine ions in the solution are removed; the anion exchanger is used for regeneration through vinyl benzene anion resin and sodium hydroxide; the pH value of the extracting solution after ion exchange is adjusted to be in the range from 5.5 to 8 through malic acid, the extracting solution after ion exchange is mixed with the 0-90% of the extracting solution before ion exchange according to the 10-100% mass, coating production is conducted after the mixed solution is concentrated and mixed, the reconstituted tobacco product coating weight is counted according to product oven dry amount and controlled to be 40%, and then the chlorine ion content of reconstituted tobacco is regulated and controlled within the range from 0.1% to 0.8% by mass. According to the reconstituted tobacco chlorine ion regulation and control method, the problems that the chlorine ion content of the reconstituted tobacco is high and difficult to control can be solved.


The Widal test is based in principle of agglutination antigen – antibody to determine antibodies against antigen-O and antigen-H for the serodiagnosis of infection with Salmonella typhi, nevertheless due to lacking of specificity, its interpretation must to be based in the clinical context. To consider diagnostic of Typhoid Fever with a single Widal test, we must to know its prevalence in the poblation, in general, is accepted dilutions (titres) Anti-O y Anti-H >1:160-200 and >1:50-100 in endemics and non-endemics areas, respectively.


(57) Abstract: The present invention, by p layer at the one side and on the structure having a number of i-layer are separated by n layer at the other side. In that case, the band gap E Further, two i-layer adjacent to the direction from the p layer into the n layer (i Thus, the structure of the signal to be generated to form a color sensor which require superimposing of reduced image processing can be obtained. This structure is preferably formed as a pin or a nip structure.


In the article views of antique authors of human aspect of a phenomenon of slavery are considered. The author recognizes that the importance of a similar research is connected with existence of archetypic layers in the most various cultures causing reproduction of a phenomenon of slave model of the personality and corresponding to it behavior forms. The attention to three aspects in understanding of the bases of existence of the slave as special human type, recorded by antique authors is paid. It, first, slavery "under the law" according to which the captured captives are on sale in slavery. Secondly, this slavery caused by the human nature connected with ethnic origin on a formula "the barbarian and the slave by the concept nature identical". Thirdly, this slavery in spiritual sense generated by the nature of activity in which the person is engaged. The types of activity forming the free person is for them philosophical reflection as disinterested search of the truth and also, according to Aristotle, political activity. Views of antique authors correspond in the article to views of the Russian religious philosophers proceeding from other paradigm of the activity basis of free existence implanted in Christian outlook. Its essence is that the aspiration to the truth which is implemented in occupations by philosophy has to be directed deep valuable installation, which sense in aspiration to connection of the person good luck.


We estimate the global pose of a multirotor UAV by visually localizing images captured during a flight with Google Earth images pre-rendered from known poses. We metrically localize real images with georeferenced rendered images using a dense mutual information technique to allow accurate global pose estimation in outdoor GPS-denied environments. We show the ability to consistently localize throughout a sunny summer day despite major lighting changes while demonstrating that a typical feature-based localizer struggles under the same conditions. Successful image registrations are used as measurements in a filtering framework to apply corrections to the pose estimated by a gimballed visual odometry pipeline. We achieve less than 1 m and 1◦ RMSE on a 303 m flight and less than 3 m and 3◦ RMSE on six 1132 m flights as low as 36 m above ground level conducted at different times of the day from sunrise to sunset.


All these questions can be answered by the same basic tool, which goes by the name of Chernoff bounds or concentration inequalities or tail inequalities or concentration of measure, or tens of other names. The basic question is simple: if we have a real-valued function f (X1, X2, . . . , Xm) of several independent random variables Xi, such that it is "not too sensitive to each coordinate", how often does it deviate far from its mean? To make it more concrete, consider this—


We describe a minimalistic and interpretable method for unsupervised learning, without resorting to data augmentation, hyperparameter tuning, or other engineering designs, that achieves performance close to the SOTA SSL methods. Our approach leverages the sparse manifold transform, which unifies sparse coding, manifold learning, and slow feature analysis. With a one-layer deterministic sparse manifold transform, one can achieve 99.3% KNN top-1 accuracy on MNIST, 81.1% KNN top-1 accuracy on CIFAR-10 and 53.2% on CIFAR-100. With a simple gray-scale augmentation, the model gets 83.2% KNN top-1 accuracy on CIFAR-10 and 57% on CIFAR-100. These results significantly close the gap between simplistic"white-box"methods and the SOTA methods. Additionally, we provide visualization to explain how an unsupervised representation transform is formed. The proposed method is closely connected to latent-embedding self-supervised methods and can be treated as the simplest form of VICReg. Though there remains a small performance gap between our simple constructive model and SOTA methods, the evidence points to this as a promising direction for achieving a principled and white-box approach to unsupervised learning.


The microwave spectra of the CD3 species and of seven monosubstituted isotopic species of CH3CH=C=O have been examined, and a complete structure of methylketene has been obtained by the substitution method. The structural parameters found are: C=O=1.171, C=C=1.306, C–C=1.518, C–H (vinyl)=1.083, and C–H (methyl)=1.083 or 1.11 A (see text). The ketene group is linear, and the methyl group is staggered, ∠CCC=122.6°, ∠C(1)C(2)H(2)=113.7°, and ∠HCH=109.9° or 108.8°.The barrier splittings were used to determine the value of the barrier to hindered rotation and the angle between the methyl‐axis and the principal‐axis system for each of the monosubstituted species; V3=1177±20 cal/mole. The dipole moment of methylketene was measured on the 21,2→31,3transition, yielding μa=1.755, μb=0.35, μ=1.79 D.


This letter presents a high-gain and high-efficiency <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${W}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-band power amplifier (PA) fabricated in a 65-nm CMOS technology. By elaborating the matching loss (ML) of the conventional transformer-based interstage matching network, an inductor-enhanced high-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$k$ </tex-math></inline-formula> (IEH-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${k}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) transformer-based interstage matching network is proposed to reduce the ML and, hence, promote the gain and power efficiency of the PA with a small chip area cost. The proposed network improves the ML by 1.1 dB and is demonstrated in a single-path three-stage PA. The measurement results exhibit that the PA achieves a peak gain of 20.0 dB with a 3-dB bandwidth from 92.5 to 98.5 GHz. The saturated output power (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${P} _{\textrm {sat}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>), output-referred 1-dB compression point (OP<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$_{\textrm {1 dB}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>), and peak power-added efficiency (PAEmax) are 13.0 dBm, 12.8 dBm, and 21.1% at 98 GHz, respectively.


The Islamic Museum of Australia, located in Melbourne, is Australia's first Islamic museum and offers educational programs for history students.


Background: The high burden of viral hepatitis B (HBV) remains a challenge in Cote d'Ivoire where patients are mostly seen in hospital at the end stage of the disease. Aim: This cross sectional study is aimed at assessing the usefulness of anamnestic findings, clinical and biological factors in predicting chronic hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carriers in clinical practice. Patients and methods: The study was conducted in 230 workers (median age: 39 years, female: 20%) of government press enterprise (GPE) in 2010. Socio-demographic, clinical and biological parameters were collected. Chronic HBsAg carrier was defined as serum HBsAg positivity after 2 assessments within 6 months interval. Diagnostic accuracy of predictive factors was determined by multivariate logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of chronic HBsAg was 12.6% [95%CI: 8.61-17.60]. Chronic HBsAg carriers frequently expressed a history of hepatitis (13.8 vs 2.5%, p=0.003), or jaundice (37.9 vs 14.3, p=0.003), had slightly high level of AST (33 vs 25.5 IU/L, p=.004) and ALT (31.5 vs 22, p= 0.5, the model showed a specificity, positive and negative predictive values of 99, 66.7 and 88.9% respectively. The model correctly classified 192(99%) workers as non-chronic HBsAg carriers and 2(1%) were misclassified. Conclusion: This study suggests that age, history of hepatitis, unsafe injection with boiled syringe combined with ALT could be used to predict chronic HBsAg carrier in Cote d'Ivoire and other endemic areas in Africa.


This paper introduced radio frequency (RF) card techanical used in prepay gas meter.The meter have advantages without contact and wear.Experiment and application shows that the control performance of RF card gas meter is reliable,and operating conveniently.


As part of solutions development for the technical diagnosis of the amphibious all-terrain vehicle platform, evaluation of residual stresses in a typical welded joint of the frame was carried out by the acoustic birefringence technique. The significant residual stresses were observed after welding, the largest in the heat affected zone. The intricate distribution of the residual stresses due to the complex boundary conditions was obtained. The state of the material was estimated using the hypothesis of maximum shear stress. The difference of the principal stresses was compared with the yield stress.


metaphor analysis. The book is corpus-based and also draws on critical linguistics and cognitive semantics. The three sections mentioned above are likely to appeal to slightly different academic specialties; each section is self-contained, and my one slight criticism of this book is that the three parts are so separate as to render the book somewhat less coherent as a whole. The study also has wider implications which bear on the relationship between thought, language and social actions. A strength is the breadth of different contexts across time and geographical locations with which Charteris-Black deftly illustrates his arguments. His detailed research is everywhere apparent, and evidenced also in multiple quotations from literature of all kinds, which makes this a fascinating read. The author has cast his net wide, not bound by any limits of historical time or geographical space. In doing so, he has discovered certain proof that fire is a productive domain, lexically and semantically, for metaphor, and that this holds true across many very different cultures and eras. Charteris-Black has produced a work which for the sheer amount of scholarship and creative thought packed into its 238 pages is both awe-inspiring and authoritative.


We consider the application of a control variate technique for Deep Learning. In analogy to applications for Monte Carlo simulation or Fourier integration methods, this technique improves the quality of deep learning applied to option pricing problems. Many well known approximation methods are limited for practical applications but can be used as a control variate. For instance approximation formulas for SABR or the Black-Scholes price when pricing options in the Heston model. The neural network is only applied to calculate the difference to an accurate numerical method. In this way we increase the accuracy of applying neural nets since a large portion of the price is already mimicked by the control variate. This may result in a higher acceptance of such numerical techniques for financial applications.


In this work, a Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem (BCH) code decoder based on the Meggitt algorithm is implemented for wireless body area network (WBAN) applications. Compared to other implementations based on the popular Peterson algorithm, the proposed decoder has the extra capability of checking the syndrome for the decoding result, and is able to detect 20 times more failed decoding results without introducing additional complexity. When the proposed decoder is used as the hard-decision decoder (HDD) core of a Chase-2 decoder, the bit-error rate (BER) performance can be improved by about 0.3 dB because of the reduction in undetectable errors. Based on a comparison of the indices for corrected bits and those of the flipping bits, a test pattern reduction technique is proposed for the Chase-2 decoder that does not sacrifice the error-rate performance. The synthesis results show that the hardware complexity for the HDD core can be reduced by more than 50% using a 90 nm standard cell technology.


Investigations on antiviral phytochemicals and their possible treatment for viral infections are developing fast with the current emphasis on the drug development from medicinal plants. The immense use of phytomedicine had a long history among ancient people across the world. The different members of the genus Memecylon have been reported to be used by tribals for various health issues. Memecylon randerianum is a unique medicinal plant used in traditional medicine to treat bacterial and viral infections and skin disorders like herpes, chickenpox and psoriasis. The previous studies on the leaf extract of this plant have demonstrated potential pharmacological activities such as antimicrobial, antidiabetic and antioxidant properties. The preliminary phytochemical screening confirmed that the leaves are rich in valuable secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, saponins, phenols, tannins etc. Nine important bioactive compounds such as cosmosiin, apigenin, cinnamic acid, ursolic acid, rutin, isorhamnetin, gallic acid, quercetin, and catechin were identified from the leaf extract through HR-LCMS-QTOF analysis. Among these compounds, a unique compound, namely, cosmosiin showed the highest abundance. Then the molecular docking studies of cosmosiin was performed against some viral proteins such as Glycoprotein HSV-2gD (4MYV), Thymidylate synthase from varicella zoster virus (4XSC) and Covid-19 main protease (6LU7). The present study revealed that cosmosiin binds effectively to the active sites of all the three selected viral proteins with significant binding energy (greater than -7.5 kcal/mol). The drug-likeness of cosmosiin was found to be 0.59. Further studies on this plant will certainly help to derive an effective pharmaceutical drug against viral infections.


population growth. In situations where such factors are operating, they prevent the population's membership from realizing its inherently high rate of increase and thereby overpopulating and destroying its environment. One of the main factors of this type occurring in laboratory populations of the flour beetle, Tribolium, is egg production and mortality. A major portion of the mortality in a Tribolium population occurs in the egg stage. Chapman (1928) first suggested that this mortality was due to egg cannibalism by the active stages, and Park (1934) observed and described this behavior in imagoes. Chapman and Whang (1934) held that egg cannibalism alone was responsible for reducing the population growth rate, but later authors, including MacLagan and Dunn (1936) and Crombie (1943) reported that another factor, the crowding of adults at higher densities, which depressed the oviposition rate, was also in-


The present research examines personality predictors of anger in response to unfavorable and favorable outcomes with regard to violations of the distributive justice principle of equality. Two studies showed that feelings of anger in response to equality violations were related to neuroticism and agreeableness, albeit for different reasons. Depending on whether the equality violation was favorable or not, anger could be predicted by either feelings of threat or guilt for neuroticism and perceptions of responsibility for agreeableness. These findings add to the literature on boundary conditions of justice and reveal how core personality dimensions contribute to emotional reactions in distributively unjust situations, even if the outcome is personally favorable.


A strategy for the facile alpha-amination of carboxylic acid menthyl esters is described. The resulting diastereomers, readily separable, can be individually carried on to each enantiomer of the FMOC alpha-amino acid. A variety of unnatural side chains were compatible with this approach. The menthyl ester was easily removed from the FMOC alpha-amino acid without racemization.


This article reviews the progress of cellular standards and compares that rise with the increase of standards essential patents because of the smartphone. Relevant case law is examined including the seminal Georgia-Pacific fifteen factors and how they were cited in 95 cases since 1995. Relevant articles are reviewed concerning the smartphone royalty stack, GATT and standards and in particular the case law surrounding device licensing represented by the key factors deciding the Microsoft v. Motorola case. A way forward is proposed that industry once again take the lead to determine reasonable royalty when licensing standards essential patents.


"Orginalność jest to s u m i e n n o ś ć w o b l i c z u ź r ó d e ł" ("Originality is conscientiousness in confrontation with sources.").1 We know this Norwid phrase very well. It has been so popular that it has almost become a proverb. Norwid scholars refer to it, its seductive accuracy excites enthusiasts of Polish poetry, and students of Polish departments learn it by heart before the exam in Romantic literature. And this is hardly surprising—Norwid managed to convey an original thought in a brilliant phrase, which justly became a part of the canon of epigrams of Polish culture. And since this process has been accomplished, we have allowed it to shine in glory and we have been using it for our purposes, kindled and immobilized it, so that it could become understood automatically, so that is could become every-day and ordinary. Thanks to us, Cyprian Norwid would not have to complain about the murky nature of his language—after all, we have lit in front of him not a candle, but a powerful searchlight, and with it we are ready to light even the dimmest corners of his poetic world. Blinded by this light, he would have to realize straight away that he is surrounded by people


During using QFD (Quality Function Deployment) to make decision on product planning, it is the ultimate aim to make technical features of product maximally satisfying customer requirements to guide the product development based on the information offered by HoQ (House of Quality). But most of the existing models couldnt directly give the target values, and didnt consider the discrete type technical features separately but treat them in the same way as continuous type, which cannot reflect the real status of situation. In the article, taking advantage of the information in HoQ fully and separating discrete type technical features from continuous ones, a mixed integer planning model for HoQ optimization is presented, and an example is given.


The tour preference of Chongqing residents is to consider natural mountains and rivers and then to consider folk customs, historic relics,costal beaches and so on.The interesting in cultural scenic spots declines and preference to coastal beaches and grasslands and forest increases.Meanwhile,Chongqing residents begin to like urban scenic spots.The travel agencies should sell scenic products which combine mountains and rivers and lakes connecting natural beauty with local flirtatious expression and sell better tour products with rich cultural information and natural beauty for middle aged people and young people and the people with high income.


A novel "urea cross-linking reaction", involving the facile reaction between urea amide and isocyanate groups of an isocyanate-terminated poly(dimethylsiloxane) (iPD), was employed to fabricate superhydrophobic melamine sponge (SMS) as an efficient oil- and organic-solvent-absorbent material. By heating, isocyanate terminals of iPD can react with the secondary amine groups of melamine sponge (MS), rendering covalent urea bonds over the surface of MS skeleton. The resultant SMS exhibits a high water contact angle (WCA) of 153.4°, excellent volumetric absorption capacity (1.163–1.661 m3/m3), superior selectivity, and high absorption capacity retention (85.1–98.7%) over 30 sorption–squeezing cycles for different oils and organic solvents. The fabrication procedure of SMS is simple and cost-effective, and the robust, recyclable SMS is efficient in the separation of various oils and organic solvent/water mixtures. Therefore, a readily available process for environmental cleanup and remediation was provided in ...


The concept of landscape is often said to have developed only in the 18th century. Earlier place descriptions supposedly lack the sense of unity and mood that we feel to be constitutive for a real landscape. Using the example of Neo-Latin literature, the present article shows that this idea is wrong. Early modern Latin authors are perfectly able to describe true landscapes. They even have developed a number of specific literary techniques to represent scenic unity and atmosphere.


A fundamental aspect of the perception of security is the fear of crime, which is the concern of being a crime victim. The fear of crime has negative social consequences, including neighborhood deterioration, physical and behavioral health outcomes, among others. Different interventions allow fear of reduction, including crime reduction, an increase of police presence, and improvement of social cohesion, among others. However, there are no quantitative approaches to guide the selection of policies for reducing the fear of crime. This article proposes a novel method based on optimization for finding policies aimed to decrease fear of crime by using mathematical models and evolutionary algorithms. Results suggest that policies that promote interactions among members of different groups may enhance community cohesion resulting in reductions of the fear of crime for the most susceptible members in the group.


Frequent application of glyphosate for consecutive years has enhanced the selection pressure on sourgrass (Digitaria insularis) populations, which resulted in the development of glyphosate-resistant biotypes. Therefore, this work was developed with the objective of monitoring sourgrass resistance to glyphosate, develop a baseline of sourgrass susceptibility to this molecule and, consequently, identify the discriminatory dose between resistant and susceptible populations.  This work was divided into three steps. The first step consisted of identifying and sorting sourgrass resistant and susceptible biotypes among 30 samples. In the second step, glyphosate baseline was elaborated considering exclusively the glyphosate-susceptible biotypes, which allowed the definition of a discriminatory dose. At the end, the third step, monitoring of glyphosate-resistant biotypes was achieved, considering five growing seasons (2016 – 2020) and 809 samples of sourgrass populations, collected throughout 12 states of Brazil.  Glyphosate baseline was elaborated to sourgrass and ideal discriminatory rate was identified as 960 g ha-1. Glyphosate-resistant populations of sourgrass were found in all soybean growing regions sampled. Among 809 populations, 25.96% were considered resistant to glyphosate. The states with the highest frequency of glyphosate-resistant populations were Rio Grande do Sul, Mato Grosso do Sul, Bahia, Mato Grosso and Paraná.


General tendencies of integration of elements of artillery armament, unmanned aerial vehicles, automated control systems of real-time functioning in intelligence-fire complexes are considered.


As One kind of place play locally borns which of Guangxi,The Cai Diao has the oneself unique survival means,But along with society's suddenly development,its existence environmenwhich now has had the very big change,Causes the Cai Diao to appear the serious survival crisisAnd Its survival means has also had the certain change,Always looking like,its survival means is various,So long as explores to one kind suits its survival means,the Cai Diao can reobtain the vitality,seeks the survival and the development


Proteins play a crucial function in the biological processes of living organisms. Knowing the function of the protein offers significant insight into future biological and medical research. Since a protein's shape determines its function, it is important to understand the protein's 3D structure. Although experimental methods such as X-ray crystallography and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) have been used to examine the shape of proteins, so far the results have been insufficient. As a result, predicting the 3D structure of proteins is crucial. Determining the 3D structure of a protein from its primary structure is challenging. Therefore, predicting the protein secondary structure becomes important for studying its structure and function. Many emerging methods, including machine learning, as well as deep learning, have been used to predict the secondary structure of proteins and comprise a crucial part of Structural Bioinformatics. The goal of this study is to compare the results generated by predictive models that were created using the four most frequently utilized deep learning methods: convolutional neural networks (CNN), recurrent neural networks (RNN), long short term memory networks (LSTM), and gated recurrent units (GRU). The CB513 dataset was used to train and test these models, and performance evaluation metrics viz. accuracy, f1 score, recall, and precision were applied. The CNN, RNN, LSTM, and GRU models had an accuracy of 82.54%, 82.06%, 81.1%, and 81.48%, respectively.


Entropy and its maximization are determined by different possible trajectories of a chaotic system moving in its phase space between two cells. The chaotic system, within the framework of this article, is understood as an electrotechnical system with deterministic chaos modes. The paths of the chaotic system in phase space are supposed to be differentiated by their actions, by the so-called principle of least action. It is shown that the maximization of entropy leads to the trajectory selection probability distribution as an action function from which one can easily obtain the probability of the electrotechnical system transition from one state to another. Of interest is the fact that the most probable trajectories are the paths of least action. This suggests that the principle of least action in a probabilistic situation is equivalent to the principle of maximum entropy or uncertainty associated with a particular probability distribution.


This paper describes the value of narrative used with ideation tools in aiding the rapid production of product concepts and designs for masters students of graphics, fine art, product and industrial design. The ideation tools used alongside narrative included elements of divergent and convergent thinking in combination with reverse engineering and functional analysis, and practical prototyping using a range of readily adapted artefacts. Narrative was introduced and used by the students in order to ensure the development of a context and purpose for the product, artefact or system developed or proposed and to stimulate original product concepts, ideas and thinking. The concept of narrative is familiar in design. Here however the concept was reinforced using structures associated with fictional narrative. Reverse engineering exploring the deconstruction and identification of function for each component in a product was used to aid students ensure practicality in their idea implementation. This paper describes positive experiences resulting from this activity, with a particular focus on the value of narrative in developing robust concepts. The use of physical prototyping provided tangible and instant feedback for divergent and convergent phases of idea development.


In restaurants and cafes many sound sources are present: music, refrigerant and cooling equipment and people speaking. The smoking prohibition law (in force in Italy since 2005 for instance) did move out people, creating a lot of aggregation areas outdoor, both in summer and in winter time. As a matter of facts many cafes open on the outer part a stallage in order to provide beverages to outside costumers. In this way, the "people speaking" source became a common problem for the neighborhood to deal with and solve. In order to characterize this particular sound source in terms of sound power level of a typical stallage situation full of speaking people, sound pressure power measurements according to ISO 3746 standard [1] were carried out. The results confirm the first investigation achievements provided by Sepulcri et all [2] with a non-direct method.


The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device and a manufacturing method to be more confined to the pad wiring width in accordance with the three fixed / resolution. The liquid crystal display device according to the invention with a liquid crystal cell formed on a substrate; Of a drive wire connected with the liquid crystal cells; The driving of the inclined from a drive wire relative to the edge line of the substrate perpendicular to the line height and the pad wiring; In parallel with the pad wiring connected to each of the wiring pads comprises a pad for supplying a driving signal from the outside to the pad wiring. A liquid crystal display device and a manufacturing method by the design incline the direction of the pad considering the position of the pixels to be connected to each other to broaden the gap between the pad and facilitating the pad wiring in the fixed three models, a liquid crystal margin in accordance with the present invention since the reduced thereby reducing the size of the panel. Also has the advantage of being able to make uniform the line resistance between the pad and the pixel.


Allyl ethers are readily polymerized using a new polymerization reaction termed: transition metal-catalyzed tandem isomerization and cationic polymerization. Employing dicobalt octacarbonyl in combination with organosilanes, polymerization takes place rapidly and exothermically to give high molecular weight polymers. In this first article, the concepts leading to the discovery of this novel type of polymerization are presented along with the results of initial studies.


4,4′-(Pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrrole-1,4-diyl)dianiline was synthesized in one step from benzene-1,4-diamine and ethylene glycol with Pd/Al2O3 and ZnO. The title compound was characterized by means of NMR techniques and HRMS mass spectrometry.


When drilling with a TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) in saturated sand, excess pore water pressures occur in the sand in front of the TBM. The magnitude of these excess pore water pressures depends on the permeabilty of the sand, the drilling velocity, the layering of the soil. These excess pore water pressures will decrease the stability of the tunnel face and influence the plastering of that tunnel face with slurry or foam. The excess pore water presssures can be calculated using anlytical or numerical methods. Analytical methods are only valid for 1-dimensional flow or homogeneous soil conditions. However, they have the advantage that the influence of various parameters can be calculated very quickly. This paper describes a new analytical method for the situation that a tunnel is drilled in a semi-confined aquifer. It will be shown that in case of drilling a tunnel in a semi-confined aquifer the leakage length of that aquifer also determines the hydraulic gradient at the tunnel face and thus the time needed before the bentonite slurry makes a relatively impermeable cake in case of a slurry shield TBM. Consequences for stability of tunnel face and the soil around the tunnel will be discussed.


A major goal of asteroseismology is a better understanding of stellar evolution via ``snapshots`` of many stars of different masses in different evolutionary states. For stars of about 2M{sub {circle_dot}} near the sequence, b Scuti stars are the usual suspects. There is an ongoing renaissance in theoretical modeling of 6 Scuti stars brought on by improvements in constitutive physics and by a dramatic increase in the number of modes observed. FG Virginis and CD-24` 7599 are two of the best studied objects, and they have 19 and 13 known frequencies, respectively. . We create models using an updated and modified version of the Iben code described by Guzik & Cox that includes either of the two versions of the OPAL opacities . We use the star`s observed location on the H-R diagram as a starting point for our seismological modeling. Because there is no evidence for observed t = 3 modes, we only consider l = 0, 1, and 2 modes in our analysis. We take into account rotational splitting (about 5 - 10 {mu}Hz) in our frequency matching. Several observed modes must be rotationally split members of a given mode. CD-24` 7599 is less than halfway through core hydrogen burning, and the modes appear to be a set of consecutive 3rd through 5th overtones of {ital l} = 0 through 2 modes. With only 13 modes, we find satisfactory fits with models between 1.9 and 2.0 M{sub {circle_dot}} that fall within the observed luminosity and effective temperature range. By contrast, Guzik & Bradley suggest that FG Virginis is over halfway through core hydrogen burning and the best fitting models lie near 1.80 or 2.00 M{sub {circle_dot}}. We see persistent discrepancies in some low frequency modes, which suggests we may need a small amount of core overshoot or a slight change in metallicity to duplicate FG Virginis.


Gauge-invariant descriptions for a free bosonic scalar field of continuous spin in a $d$-dimensional Minkowski space-time using a metric-like formulation are constructed on the basis of a constrained BRST-BFV approach we propose. The resulting BRST-BFV equations of motion for a scalar field augmented by ghost operators contains different sets of auxiliary fields, depending on the manner of a partial gauge-fixing and a resolution of some of the equations of motion for a BRST-unfolded first-stage reducible gauge theory. To achieve an equivalence of the resulting BRST-unfolded constrained equations of motion with the initial irreducible Poincare group conditions of a Bargmann--Wigner type, it is demonstrated that one should replace the field in these conditions by a class of gauge-equivalent configurations. Triplet-like, doublet-like constrained descriptions, as well as an unconstrained quartet-like non-Lagrangian and Lagrangian formulations, are derived using both Fronsdal-like and new tensor fields. In particular, the BRST--BV equations of motion and Lagrangian using an appropriate set of Lagrangian multipliers in the minimal sector of the respective field and antifield configurations are constructed in a manifest way.


Background The COVID-19 pandemic has brought many changes to human social life. The ability for empathy plays an essential role in these changes because empathy enables the process of sharing experiences, needs, and desires between individuals. In this study, the author aims to evaluate, develop and modify the Basic Empathy Scale in Adults (BES-A) to adapt it to Indonesian culture, which will be transformed into Indonesian Basic Empathy Scale (I-BES). Methods The methodology used in this research is a survey design. Research using a survey design, the participants, Indonesia (n= 101, male 17, female 84 regions 5 region), evaluation was done by analyzing the Indonesian Empathy Scale using the RASCH model. ResultsShow that the instrument does not have unidimensionality. Based on the results of �tting the item model, several items on the I-BES were omitted because they were deemed inappropriate, including at least �ve items. The instrument has good dispersion reliability among items but low dispersion reliability among individuals. The Indonesian Basic Empathy Scale needs further improvement to obtain response categories based on its functions. ConclusionThis study can be used as teaching material for counseling and guidance groups, and the personality theory of sharpening the material regarding the development of empathy, in addition to the measurement instruments for the development of empathy, which can be used as material for counseling and guidance assessment courses.


We discuss the statistical properties of lifetimes of electromagnetic quasibound states in dielectric microresonators with fully chaotic ray dynamics. Using the example of a resonator of stadium geometry, we find that a recently proposed random-matrix model very well describes the lifetime statistics of long-lived resonances, provided that two effective parameters are appropriately renormalized. This renormalization is linked to the formation of short-lived resonances, a mechanism also known from the fractal Weyl law and the resonance-trapping phenomenon.


AbstractTreatment and recycle of wastewater provide a route to water shortage in the world. Dyes are one of the contaminant in the environment. In this study, magnetic chitosan nanocomposites were fabricated through a facile chemical route and theirs dye removal ability as an adsorbent were studied. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy were used to characterize the synthesized nanosorbents. The results showed that the synthesized adsorbents possess quite a good adsorption capacity (with maximum adsorption capacity of 20.5 mg/g by pseudo-second-order model) to dye due to the abundant amino and hydroxyl groups of chitosan. In addition, they can be easily and rapidly extracted from water by magnetic force, and showed good reusability in regeneration studies. The magnetic chitosan nanocomposites could be recovered conveniently and possessed of excellent adsorptive property; it can be developed as an economical and alternative adsorbent to treat dye waste...


Fixed beamforming for hearing aids is suboptimal due to mismatches in real-world situations between the assumed and encountered sound fields. Adaptive beamforming potentially provides better performance but may degrade it if the characteristics of the signal required by the design procedure are inaccurately estimated. This paper proposes a straightforward but sufficiently rich model for the sound field that can be used to increase the robustness of adaptive beamformer design. A method for estimating the model parameters is also presented. In reverberant acoustic conditions, the proposed method improves performance by > 1 dB even at −16 dB SNR, the lowest signal to noise ratio (SNR) tested. Furthermore, it is shown to be robust in a variety of acoustic conditions which do not conform to the sound field model, and to inaccurate steering of the array.


Abstract This longitudinal study investigates the effect of mode of reading on the incidental learning of collocations and factors that affect learning. One hundred Vietnamese pre-intermediate learners of English as a foreign language (EFL) were assigned to either an experimental group or a control group (no treatment). In 9 weeks, the experimental group read three graded readers containing 32 target collocations in three counterbalanced reading modes: reading-only, reading-while-listening, and reading with textual input enhancement (i.e., underlining). Learning gains were measured by a form recall pretest and delayed posttest. The results showed that reading mode had a significant effect on incidental collocation learning. Reading with textual input enhancement resulted in significantly higher learning gains than the other reading modes. Reading-while-listening was also more beneficial for collocation learning than reading-only. Learners' prior vocabulary knowledge and congruency of collocations were significant predictors of the learning gains.


Financial loss due to malware nearly doubles every two years. For instance in 2006, malware caused near 33.5 Million GBP direct financial losses only to member organizations of banks in UK. Recent malware cannot be detected by traditional signature based anti-malware tools due to their polymorphic and/or metamorphic nature. Malware detection based on its immutable characteristics has been a recent industrial practice. The datasets are not public. Thus the results are not reproducible and conducting research in academic setting is difficult. In this work, we not only have improved a recent method of malware detection based on mining Application Programming Interface (API) calls significantly, but also have created the first public dataset to promote malware research.
 Our technique first reads API call sets used in a collection of Portable Executable (PE) files, then generates a set of discriminative and domain interpretable features. These features are then used to train a classifier to detect unseen malware. We have achieved detection rate of 99.7% while keeping accuracy as high as 98.3%. Our method improved state of the art technology in several aspects: accuracy by 5.24%, detection rate by 2.51% and false alarm rate was decreased from 19.86% to 1.51%. This project's data and source code can be found at http://home.shirazu.ac.ir/~sami/malware.


There are more advanced device and more perfect safeguard with the development of coal science and technology.There must be a reliable power supply for the specific characteristic of industry.This topic set forth the application of the ZGB-1 intelligent leakage protection device in high voltage coal mine substation combined with actual situation.


A compact automatic system was developed for sampling, analyzing, calculating, and recording rates of carbon dioxide and ethylene production by up to 54 samples. The system consists of rotary stepping valves, microcomputer with printer, cassette tape recorder, and a gas Chromatograph.


The recent report on effect of radiofrequency radiation and human ferritin is very interesting. Fattahi‐asl et al. concluded that "Radiofrequency electromagnetic waves emitted from cell phones may lead to oxidative stress and rapid diffusion of the human ferritin level in an in‐vitro enzymun assay"[1] and further imply for concern on mobile phone usage. This finding is very interesting. Indeed, side‐effect of mobile phone is widely discussed. At least, some unwanted effects on germ cell are confirmed.[2] Nevertheless, there are some facts to be mentioned.


This study aimed to explore whether group counseling method is an effective treatment for self-concept of higher vocational school students with abnormal BMI.Higher vocational school students with abnormal BMI re-ceived a series of self-concept group counseling for 2 months,while the compare group received no counseling.Results: Group psychological consultation can improve the self-concept of higher vocational school students with abnormal BMI.


Wireless sensor networks [1-2] is a technology which as a diverse number of applications. While these networks are infrastructure less and do not have any public address. They are made up of many tiny sensor nodes and have insecure radio links. Thus they are highly vulnerable to security threats since the sensor nodes are the core weakness as they are with limited-resource. This paper aims at mitigating the security threats [7] to the wireless sensor network by implementing the reinforcement Q learning algorithm [4-6]. A new intrusion detection system called the Markovian [1] IDS is designed, to protect sensor nodes from malicious attacks. The Markovian IDS incorporates Q learning [4-6] to sense the network and attributes of each nodes.


OBJECTIVES
To review cancer risk assessment and counseling, hereditary cancer syndrome risk factors, indicators for cancer predisposition testing, and interpretation of genetic test results.

DATA SOURCES
Research studies, review articles, and authors' experience.

CONCLUSION
Approximately 10% of those with a diagnosis of cancer may have a hereditary predisposition. In many cases genetic testing for susceptibility genes may be available. Knowledge of the results of genetic testing can be helpful when developing a plan for cancer prevention and early detection, and addressing concerns associated with genetic testing with the individual and family.

IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE
Nurses need to know how to access genetic resources and to identify, evaluate, and care for patients and families at risk of or diagnosed with common hereditary cancer syndromes.


s: There are two basic forms of academic power and executive power within universities. At present, the institutions of higher education have problems, for instance, the administrative organizations are complex, academic organizations are fragmented, and the supervision mechanism is far from enough. Thus, it is an important step to change the setting and management form of administration, improve the structure of academic institutions and weaken the social service function, establish the reasonable and effective mechanism of academic.


A new family of six thallium uranium phosphites and phosphates has been synthesized. Here there are three new thallium uranyl phosphites, Tl2[(UO2)(HPO3)(H2PO3)]21, Tl2[(UO2)2(HPO3)3]·H2O 2, and Tl6[(UO2)5(H2O)(HPO3)8]·2H2O 3, a uranyl phosphate-phosphite, Tl3[(UO2)2(H1.5PO4)(H0.5PO4)(H1.5PO3)2] 4, a mixed uranium(VI)–uranium(IV) phosphate-phosphite, Tl2[(UO2)2(UIV)(H2O)(PO4)2(HPO3)2] 5, and, finally, a thallium uranium(IV) phosphate, Tl2[UIV(PO4)2] 6, which were hydrothermally synthesized using thallium carbonate, uranyl nitrate, and H3PO3 as initial reagents. The above phases were all isolated from mixtures and were characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and solid-state UV–vis–NIR spectroscopy. Compounds 1, 2, 3, and 5 are isotypic to known topologies. Herein, we investigate these six new thallium compounds and explore the effects of the thallium carbonate concentration and time on the reduction of uranium, via the phosphite ligand, within the crystalline products observed and also examine ho...


We have investigated the effect of strain on the $g$-factors of self-assembled In(Ga)As dots by single-dot spectroscopy and an eight-band effective mass calculation taking into account the influence of the strain distribution and the Zeeman effect. The strain and its distribution in and around the quantum dots are varied by thermal annealing or by introducing an strain reducing layer. Thermal annealing produces a graded composition profile due to $\mathrm{In}\mathrm{Ga}$ intermixing. The graded composition profile reduces both hydrostatic and biaxial strain near the bottom of the dot, and enhances them near the top. This strain variation results in a large reduction of the absolute hole $g$-value and a small reduction of the absolute electron $g$-value. On the other hand, the covering of InAs dots with an ${\mathrm{In}}_{0.17}{\mathrm{Ga}}_{0.83}\mathrm{As}$ strain reducing layer decreases mainly the hydrostatic strain. The variation of the strain and the band edge alignment enhance the electron $g$-value while they reduce the hole $g$-value. These results should provide insights to control the $g$-factors in pyramidal self-assembled dots.


Accessibility to jobs, shops, services, entertainment and to friends and family has always been an important factor in people's lives. But until at least the early part of this century any form of transport which was appreciably faster than the speed at which people could walk was limited to only a small proportion of the population. Most people, therefore, had to live as near as possible to the places where they carried out their various activities. This meant that in towns with very large populations, high density living was a necessity. As incomes grew so that the masses could afford to use the faster modes which were becoming more widely available, People were able to spread themselves and enjoy more pleasant surroundings, and despite the extra travel distance that this entailed, it did not in general require more time to be spent on travel. These advances in transport were fundamental in shaping present-day towns and cities. While the more dramatic changes have probably already taken place, there are nevertheless substantial changes in the transport scene which are currently taking place which will affect future land uses and the location of activities. One of these is the continuing growth in car ownership which gives people much greater freedom to travel where they like when they like. Another is the growth in new motorways, high-speed railways and other high-tech transport systems. Thus, the effect of transport on land use is important today even though most people already have good access to relatively fast mechanised modes of travel. Even a seemingly insignificant transport change, like a fares increase, can have far-reaching implications.


Commentary on: Joyce BT, Berman R, Lau DT. Formal and informal support of family caregivers managing medications for patients who receive end-of-life care at home: a cross-sectional survey of caregivers. Palliat Med 2014; 28: 1146– 55.[OpenUrl][1][CrossRef][2][PubMed][3]

Families caring for patients at end-of-life are often expected to provide numerous and complex care tasks while simultaneously coping with their grief and the hospice patient's suffering. Managing hospice patient medications is a critical and complex task, one in which caregivers have been shown to feel ill-prepared.1 This study was designed to characterise caregivers' use …

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 [3]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=24854033&link_type=MED&atom=%2Febnurs%2F18%2F4%2F115.atom


The structure of the title copper(I) coordination polymer is reported. One CuI atom is surrounded by three μ3-iodide anions and one S atom, while the other is coordinated by three μ3-iodide ions an O atom. In the crystal, there are intermolecular C—H⋯I hydrogen bonds and C—H⋯π interactions between ligands. The packing generates a two-dimensional brick-wall structure.


Thalassemias (Mediterranean anemia, Cooley's anemia) is a heterogeneous group of genetic hereditary disorders with varying impairment degrees of hemoglobin synthesis. The most common is β-thalassemia that is classified as heterozygous (thalassemia minor) and homozygous (thalassemia major). The name derives from the Greek word that means sea (Mediterranean) and generally occurs in the Mediterranean countries (Cyprus, Italy and Greece), and can also be found in the countries of the middle and far East [1].


Objective To analyse clinical therapeutic effective in patients with urethral condyloma acuminatum(CA) with holmium laser.Methods 15 patients with urethral condyloma acuminatum were enrolled in this study.9 in urethral navicula,4 in the bulbous urethra and 2 in the posterior urethra.15 patients underwent holmium laser therapy. Results After endourological treatment with holmium laser,15 patients had been cured. It is merely a little pain and less hemorrhage during operation in the patients with urethral condyloma acuminatum that treated with holmium laser.Conclusion Endourological treatment with holmium laser is an minimally invasive,safe and effective method for urethral condyloma acuminatum.


The basic urgency of a better alert system in the coal mines comes with the rate of accidents that has increased in the past few decades. Security has always been an issue in such an obscure working conditions not only for the miners but for the heavy machines that are been used in the coal mines. The major reasons behind accidents and disasters found were firedamp and dust explosions, rise in temperature, mine fires, failures related to transport and mechanization. Wired technology is one such solution but even it has many disadvantages hence there is a need to develop a system which not only overcome the disadvantages of wired security system but highly ensures the security of the miners at the time of emergency through proper communication. This paper proposes a solution to many problems by using wireless Zigbee module, PIC IC 18F2520 microcontroller, and solar energy as power source. The communication between the master module in the mine and the operator who is checking the environmental parameters is done through Zigbee protocol.


The good generalization performance of conventional pattern classifiers often relies on the size of training data labeled by costly human labor. These days, publicly available web resources grow explosively, and this allows us to easily obtain abundant and cheap web data. Yet, web data are usually not as cooperative as human labeled data. In this paper, we explore the use of web text data to aid image classification. Without requiring the previous collection of auxiliary data from the web, we directly retrieve the web text information with the aid of the powerful reverse image search engine. We develop a novel textual modeling method named semantic matching neural network (SMNN) that is capable of learning semantic features from the associated text of web images. The SMNN text features have improved reliability and applicability, compared to the text features obtained from other methods. The SMNN text features and convolutional neural network (CNN) visual features are merged into a shared representation, which learns to capture the correlations between the two modalities. Experimental results on benchmark UIUC-Sports, Scene-15, Caltech-256, and Pascal VOC-2012 data sets show that the visual and text modalities of data from different sources are remarkably complementary and the fusion of them achieves substantial performance improvement.


Progresses in climatological, ecological, and hydrological studies that focused on the Tianshan mountains area (known as "the water tower of central Asia") have been restricted by the availability of station observations as well as high resolution and quality data set. With the aim to overcome some of these difficulties, the high‐resolution Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) regional climate model is run over the Tianshan mountains area driven by the ERA‐Interim reanalysis. Double nesting method was used with a horizontal resolution of 40 and 8 km covering the period 1980–2018. A decade of simulation from 1980 to 1989, a period when most abundant station observations are available, is considered for validation. These downscaled results are compared against station observations, ERA‐Interim reanalysis, and three widely used spatially interpolated products in order to investigate the added value of the dynamical downscaling approach. Results of these comparisons show that the WRF‐downscaled data outperform and add significant details to ERA‐Interim reanalysis. A remarkable improvement of the WRF simulation is found at reproducing the observed seasonal cycle of daily extreme temperatures and precipitation. Due to better representation of orography, WRF simulations are able to capture extreme precipitation events that are missing in the high‐quality interpolated products. Refining the resolution from 40 to 8 km further improves the model performance, particularly at depicting orographic enhancement of precipitation. The validated WRF model can be used in future climate projections studies, and this high‐resolution as well as high‐quality climatological data set we present here is useful for impact and further downstream studies.


BS>The theories of the origin of the aurora are discussed from two points of view. The two basic structural types of auroras are described. A discussion is included of radio whistlers. (W.L.H.)


Fisheries subsidies regulation lies at the intersection of international fisheries and international trade governance regimes. Although eradicating harmful fisheries subsidies cannot be a panacea for illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing, it is an essential first step to confront the problem head-on. The multilateral Agreement on Fisheries Subsidies, adopted by the World Trade Organization (WTO) in June 2022, provides an impetus for sovereign states to steer fisheries subsidies reform towards commonly agreed legality, sustainability and transparency benchmarks. This legal and policy investigation aims to give increased attention to the ultimate responsibility of national governments to exercise active fisheries jurisdiction over the identification and sanction of IUU fishing activities. With or without WTO prior judgements, a level of jurisdictional coherence is warranted to trigger a comprehensive and effective ban on IUU fisheries subsidies in as timely a manner as possible.


Simple Summary Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an important causative agent of acute and chronic hepatitis worldwide. Originally identified in epidemics associated with flooding in Asia, it nowadays shows very distinct genetic and epidemiological patterns. While HEV genotypes (HEV-) 1 and 2 are associated with the original outbreaks (waterborne diseases), HEV-3 and HEV-4 present a zoonotic pattern (associated with consumption of meat from infected animals), HEV-5 and 6 have been found only in wild boar in Japan, and HEV-7 and 8 have been detected in camels and dromedary seldom affecting humans. Brazil, with a precarious sanitary structure and being an important world meat producer, was the focus of this study in order to identify patterns of occurrence of HEV. After reviewing scientific studies, it was identified that the only genotype found in Brazil is HEV-3 and the area where there were more reports was the South region of the country. This is the region that produces more pork. These results indicate that HEV-3 is widespread in the country and sanitary surveillance is essential in the national production of pigs, as well as the implementation of monitoring protocols in hospitals. Abstract Brazil is the fifth largest country in the world with diverse socioeconomic and sanitary conditions, also being the fourth largest pig producer in the world. The aim of the present systematic review was to collect and summarize all HEV published data from Brazil (from 1995 to October 2020) performed in humans, animals, and the environment, in a One Health perspective. A total of 2173 papers were retrieved from five search databases (LILACs, Mendeley, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) resulting in 71 eligible papers after application of exclusion/inclusion criteria. Data shows that HEV genotype 3 (HEV-3) was the only retrieved genotype in humans, animals, and environment in Brazil. The South region showed the highest human seroprevalence and also the highest pig density and industry, suggesting a zoonotic link. HEV-1 and 2 were not detected in Brazil, despite the low sanitary conditions of some regions. From the present review we infer that HEV epidemiology in Brazil is similar to that of industrialized countries (only HEV-3, swine reservoirs, no waterborne transmission, no association with low sanitary conditions). Hence, we alert for the implementation of HEV surveillance systems in swine and for the consideration of HEV in the diagnostic routine of acute and chronic hepatitis in humans.


Aims Mental health literacy campaigns have received increasing attention as a useful method of reducing the burden of mental disorders, by promoting public awareness and improving attitudes surrounding mental disorders. However, despite the wealth of research into the effectiveness of mental health literacy interventions in high-income countries, there is an absence of evaluations of these interventions in low-middle-income countries (LMICs). This systematic review aims to pool the evidence on effectiveness of these interventions in LMICs. Method MEDLINE(OVID), PyschInfo, Scopus and reference lists of included studies were searched. Studies that quantitively measured the effectiveness of mental health literacy interventions amongst schools and communities in LMICs were included, regardless of study design. The included papers were not limited to a particular population demographic, ethnicity or educational level. Studies were included if conducted in LMICs according to the World Bank Classification. Each study was critically assessed according to CASP critical appraisal checklists. Result Ten studies met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, including 6 case series, 3 controlled before and after studies and 1 cross sectional study. Most of the studies claimed significant improvement of knowledge, attitudes and coping skills following the intervention. However, the overall the methodological quality of the studies was rated as fair to poor. Conclusion The review found that mental health literacy interventions may have promising effects, however the pooled evidence of the effectiveness in LMICs was inconclusive. Further research into the effectiveness of these interventions would benefit from using a RCT design, or controlled-before and after studies, with careful control of confounding variables in order to further establish effect. This study provided insights into the barriers to effective implementation of these programs and examined the contextual appropriateness of such interventions. The review provides recommendations for policy makers for the development of future interventions.


Theories about consciousness applying information theory and network analysis have assisted our understanding of brain processes that lead to conscious experience: this approach may be reaching its most productive limits. In these theories nothing more than some neural activity is required for consciousness. However assembling the information required to specify a conscious experience may not be sufficient for it to occur. The brain might have to use particular machinery to convert the assembled information into conscious representations. Such machinery theories have an advantage: machinery can be discovered and experimentally explored to reveal how it works. I explore the characteristics this stuff would have and suggest a candidate


Background: An individual can have withdrawal symptoms which are uncomfortable feelings that every drug user experiences after he or she has stopped taking a drug. The withdrawal symptoms include shaky, have sleeping difficulties, experienced increased appetite, and feel uneasy, irritable, and less alert. These unpleasant symptoms can prevent many smokers from quitting. Nicotine replacement therapy, just like the nicotine patch and gum, has helped many smokers to quit smoking and tobacco chewing habits. It reduces the quantity of nicotine in the brain so that the smoker does not feel the negative effects of a sudden drop in nicotine levels in the blood. Material and Method: A quasi-experimental research study had undertaken in the Bal Vikas Vidyalaya, Mumbai. Sample size was 60 students studying in 8th and 9th standards in Bal Vikas Vidyalaya. Non-probability convenient sampling technique was used to assess the effectiveness of planned teaching regarding hazards of nicotine dependence on knowledge among teenagers in a selected school in Mumbai. The sample consists of 60 teenagers studying in 8th and 9th standards in Bal Vikas Vidyalaya. The self-prepared and content validated structured questionnaire for the assessment of knowledge was used for data collection. During the health teaching, educational materials like PPT, video, demonstration, etc. were used. The data collection was carried out in three phases: pre-test was carried out before the implementation of teaching, followed by implementation. After 15 days, the post-test was carried out, in the Bal Vikas Vidyalaya. Results: The questionnaire was divided into three groups depending upon their scores. Poor consist of 0–06 score, average consist of 07–14 score, and good consist of 15–20 score. The mean of the pre-test was 36.9 and mean of the post-test was 50.15. The paired t-test shows significant difference between pre and post-test awareness where the overall (t = –224.5) at p < 0.0001. Karl Pearson coefficient of correlation was used to find out the correlation between pre-test and post-test in the pilot study. The reliability was r = 0.82. Conclusion: The study outcome revealed that the education regarding hazards of nicotine dependence among teenagers was found to be effective in improving the knowledge and awareness among the teenagers regarding hazards of nicotine dependence.


A washing and drying machine having a radio communication type controller is provided to freely move the washing and drying machine by separating a main control section from an input section or a display section. A washing and drying machine includes a body(100) and a controller. The controller includes an input section, a main control section(130) performing a determination and a control according as a signal is transferred from the input section, and a display section displaying the control state according as a signal is transferred from the main control section. The input section is separated from the main control section. The data communication between the main control section and the input section is performed by radio communication.


We present a multi-device collaboration principle for virtual environments, using a combination of virtual and augmented reality (VR/AR) technology, used in the context of two educational applications, a virtual nasal cavity, and a visualisation of earthquake data. A head-mounted display (HMD) and a 3D-tracked tablet create two views of a shared virtual space. This allows two users to collaborate, utilising the strengths of each of the two technologies, e.g., intuitive spatial navigation and interaction in VR, and touch control of the visualisation parameters via the AR tablet. Touch gestures on the tablet are translated into a pointer ray in VR, so the users can easily indicate spatial features. The underlying networking infrastructure allows for an extension of this application to more than two users and across different rendering platforms.


This article deals with the experimental activity that has been taken during the period May-June 2004 at VZLU wind tunnel facility by Politecnico di Milano and VZLU, as partners of Active Aeroelastic Aircraft Structures (3AS) EU project. An airplane fuselage where an all movable fore-plane was installed has been tested dynamically, to check out effectiveness of an active control system based on ILAF concept. The following pages will show how the model has been realized, its features and behavior. Results will show that significant fuselage damping can be achieved with two different canard configurations.


Oxygen transfer rates for mechanical aerators are usually determined by standard aeration tests conducted in concrete tanks. Results from standard tests are then extrapolated to field application of the aerators in aquaculture ponds, but these extrapolations have not been verified. In this study, oxygen transfer rates were estimated for propeller-aspirator-pump aerators deployed in brackish water aquaculture ponds under normal pond conditions. Estimation was accomplished by fitting the Whole Pond Respiration Diffusion (WPRD) model to nighttime observations of dissolved oxygen concentration for ponds in which artificial aeration had been initiated during the night. Application of this new technique revealed that oxygen transfer rate determined from a standard aeration test was similar to that estimated from trials in aquaculture ponds. Preliminary results suggest that oxygen transfer rates were higher when the aerator was placed in the deep end of the ponds than when the aerator was situated in the shallow...


The effect laws of Alkali/Surfactant/Polymer on stability of emulsion are studied.There is a coefficient action among alkali,surfactant and polymer,alone alkali/surfactant/polymer has a bigger effect,and the combinations of alkali,surfactant and polymer have a very big effect on stability of produced liquid during ASP flooding.It was ascertained that there are multiple emulsions in produced liquid during ASP flooding by the photos of the chemical-containing emulsion.


The field of `nanoscience and nanotechnology' (N&N) epitomize the archetype of an emerging technology; it is rapidly expanding, heavily science-driven, and potentially disruptive in terms of its effects on the global economy and society. Besides its alleged potentials, the true benefits of nanotechnology boil down to the capacity of N&N to deliver nano-based products to the market. Within this context, the building up of manufacturing capabilities at the nanoscale is a crucial aspect as micro/nanofabrication and micro/nanomanufacturing technologies have been regarded as enabling technologies, as a `bridge' - between N&N research and innovation and commercialization. Despite its importance, up to now few social nano-related studies have approached N&N from a `manufacturing lens'. This paper takes initial steps into this stream of research. Building on a general taxonomy for micro/nanofabrication technologies, two main research questions are addressed in this paper: how has the knowledge structure underpinning the field of micro/nanofabrication technologies evolved over time? What patterns of specialization can be discerned for relevant countries and regions across the micro/nanofabrication spectrum? For that purpose, a series of bibliometric methods on scientific publications drawn from the ISI/SCI database were used: longitudinal bibliometric analysis, co-word analysis, and the estimation of revealed scientific advantage (RSA) indexes. Given the alleged `deindustrialization' of advanced economies toward services, our study repositions the importance of manufacturing in general and micro/nanofabrication in particular in the efforts of countries toward the development and commercialization of nano-based products and the future generation of nano-based applications.


Response strength was manipulated by establishing backward associations on one list of paired associates which would be correct or incorrect for the two halves of a second list. It was expected that, compared with LA Ss, HA Ss would give more correct and fewer overt incorrect responses on the facilitative portion, and more incorrect and fewer correct responses on the interfering portion of the second list. HA Ss gave significantly more overt incorrect responses and tended to give more correct responses on both portions of the second list.


During the last few years, nanowires have attracted much attention due to their importance for fundamental studies and the wide range of potential applications in nanodevices. Nowadays, there is a lot of methods to fabricate nanomaterials, particularly, such as onedimensional or quasi-one-dimensional nanostructures. For example, by electron-beam lithography (EBL) [4] or nano-imprint lithography one can produce characteristic features of the order of 25 nm. Preparation and magnetic properties of nanowire arrays in the anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) templates have been recently intensively explored [7, 8, 10]. Other alternative methods are using mesoporous ordered silica materials. The M41S mesoporous ordered silica materials were invented in 1992 by the Mobil Oil group [2]. One of such materials, which is characterized by a uniform pore diameter, large pore volume and large surface area, is MCM-41. The hexagonal arrangement of the cylindrical pores is obtained in MCM-41 by the use of templating technique. Cylindrical micelles created by a surfactant in an alkaline medium are used as condensation centres for silica from tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS), or alkalimetal silicate. Accumulation of micellar rods leads to creation of honeycomb shaped micelle-templated silica. Using the templates with an alkyl chain of a varying length, allows controlling pore diameters in the range of 2 to 10 nm. Pyrolysis at 820 K is one of the standard procedures for a template removal. The analogous sample MCM-41(C18TAB) was studied using the positron annihilation method and nitrogen adsorption/desorption technique to obtain nanosize of pores. The pores of radii 1.5 ± 0.2 nm and 1.52 nm have been determined by means of the pickoff technique and liquid nitrogen (LN) sorption, respectively [2, 9]. Mossbauer study of magnetite nanowire in MCM-41 type mesoporous silica templates Zbigniew Surowiec, Jacek Goworek, Janusz Ryczkowski, Mieczyslaw Budzynski, Marek Wiertel, Jan Sarzynski