Immune system plays an important role in the development of systemic as well as compartmentalized inflammation though it may arise due to the various causes i.e. infection, trauma, burns, hemorrhagic pancreatitis and immune-mediated tissue injury. Pathogenic as well as commensal microorganisms evoke an immune response if they, or their constituents, pass the barrier between the external and internal environment. After recognition of the bacteria or their products, body launches an attack, kills the bacteria, and repairs putative damage. This sequence of events is highly regulated, enabling the body to combat infection by a tailor-made mechanism that is potent enough to eradicate the pathogen but not so potent as to cause unnecessary damage to the body. But, when this regulated immune mediated defense mechanism against the invading pathogenic bacteria gets deregulated then it causes harm to the body's own organs and leads to the development of the particular organ specific damage (compartmentalized inflammation) or the development of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) or the sepsis. Accordingly, acute inflammation is a self resolving property of immune mediated reaction and is a highly regulated cascade of events (Khatami, 2011). These events were recently described as 'Yin' (i.e. apoptosis, pro-inflammatory molecules etc.) and 'Yang' (i.e. wound healing, antiinflammatory, resolution phase etc.) phenomenon with an intimate involvement of vascular components (Khatami, 2008; Khatami, 2009). For example, in severe acute inflammatory conditions like sepsis, which is mediated by cytokine storm or pneumonia the causative agents bypass normal host immune response activated in the form of acute inflammation by first damaging the blood vascular system integrity and then gain access to different compartments of the body and induce excess production of pro-apoptotic as well as tissue damaging molecules (i.e. TNF-┙, various interleukins, and free radicals) (Khatami, 2011). These molecules are potent enough for damaging and shutting down the immune-tissue interaction leading to enhanced tissue damage and in case of sepsis, development of multi organ failure, septic shock and ultimately death of the patient (Khatami, 2011). According to the nomenclature, SIRS associated with a documented infection is sepsis. To date, most studies of the etiology and outcome of SIRS have focused on severely ill patients treated at intensive care units (Davis and Wenzel, 1995; Rixen et al., 1996; Headley et al., 1997; and Bonten et al., 1997). Sepsis/SIRS and septic shock originated due to gram negative or gram positive bacterial infection or caused by other pathogens like fungi, parasites or


Introduction: Modularity in Cross-Cultural Perspective Education: The College Curriculum Industry: "The American System of Manufactures" Architecture: The Skyscraper Literature: Whitman's Poetry Music: Blues and All That Jazz Sports: Football in America Law: Property, Alienation and Women Religion: Disestablishment Endings: Historical Explanations and American Ideology


Three species of crabs new to Penghu County, Taiwan are reported. Nanhaipotamon formosanum (Parisi, 1916) was found on the bank of a river in Husi Village and is the first report of a true freshwater crab from Penghu. In the same locality, Eriocheir japonica De Haan, 1835 lives in a river which implies Penghu may have played a role as a "stepping stone" for this species during the dispersal between Taiwan and China. Specimens of Uca coarctata (H. Milne Edwards, 1852) were also collected on mudflats of Magong City and Citou, and this finding shows the Uca fauna of Penghu and the main island of Taiwan are the same.


 For partially filled spherical tanks, internal sloshing can be driven by 2x and 3x frequency harmonics of the main linear roll response of a floating barge;  The sloshing drives the resulting high-frequency roll of the barge linearly, although the internal sloshing is excited nonlinearly;  A combination of NewWave theory and the 4-phase combination method is applied to combined and strongly coupled fluid-structure responses in a broad-banded random sea.


This study examines the effect of public service motivation and remuneration on job satisfaction and employee performance. The study also examines whether remuneration will moderate the relationship between public service motivation with job satisfaction and performance based on crowding out the theory. This study investigates whether extrinsic motivation in remuneration will reduce intrinsic motivation (public service motivation). Data collection and sampling: The data for this research was collected from primary sources. Data was collected by distributing the questionnaires to the employee in Office Tax in Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. The study has used the partial least square (PLS) approach to analyze the data. The study has used PLS due to its ability to examine the causal relationship between the variables. At the same time, it deals with the constructs and measurement items, thus making it a feasible option to use. Research results prove that public service motivation and remuneration positively influences work satisfaction and performance. Public service motivation and remuneration influences performance mediated satisfaction. Payment does not moderate relationship motivation to satisfaction because that p-value has lower than the required. Remuneration policy weakens influence public service motivation to dignity. However, the path coefficient is worth negative. So with a policy, applicable remuneration now precisely cut influence job satisfaction, which could lower performance. Theory crowding-out show that gift remuneration as award extrinsic to increase job satisfaction and performance of employees government.


Isolated rat heart perfused with 1.5-7.5 μM NO solutions or bradykinin, which activates endothelial NO synthase, showed a dose-dependent decrease in myocardial O2uptake from 3.2 ± 0.3 to 1.6 ± 0.1 (7.5 μM NO, n = 18, P < 0.05) and to 1.2 ± 0.1 μM O2 ⋅ min-1 ⋅ g tissue-1 (10 μM bradykinin, n = 10, P < 0.05). Perfused NO concentrations correlated with an induced release of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in the effluent ( r = 0.99, P < 0.01). NO markedly decreased the O2 uptake of isolated rat heart mitochondria (50% inhibition at 0.4 μM NO, r = 0.99, P < 0.001). Cytochrome spectra in NO-treated submitochondrial particles showed a double inhibition of electron transfer at cytochrome oxidase and between cytochrome b and cytochrome c, which accounts for the effects in O2uptake and H2O2 release. Most NO was bound to myoglobin; this fact is consistent with NO steady-state concentrations of 0.1-0.3 μM, which affect mitochondria. In the intact heart, finely adjusted NO concentrations regulate mitochondrial O2uptake and superoxide anion production (reflected by H2O2), which in turn contributes to the physiological clearance of NO through peroxynitrite formation.


The standard method of preparing plant material by hand for histological study takes several days (1,2). A procedure is described herein which reduces processing time to 17 hours or less and provides tissues which are completely dehydrated and infiltrated. Up to 100 samples can be prepared within this time period. The method requires a minimum expenditure of time without sacrificing cytological detail.


Data on thunder days, thunder events (discrete periods of nearly continuous thunder), and cloud-to-ground lightning flashes for portions of the United States were compared to discern how well the frequencies of thunder days, events, and lightning flashes related. Across the United States, thunder day frequencies related well to events with correlation coefficients of +0.97 to +0.84, being lowest in areas where multiple storm periods in a day occur most frequently. The number or duration of thunder events does not relate well to lightning flash frequencies; annual thunder events and durations explain less than 30% of the variance in lightning flashes. This poor relationship is caused by four factors: more than 50% of all thunder events had no cloud-to-ground lightning; many flashes (22–26% in the east and 31–40% in the west) occurred at times not in thunder periods, the frequency of lightning in thunder periods was extremely skewed, with 50% of all flashes occurring in 10% of the periods; and locational errors inherent in the detection system affect the preciseness of the relationships. The poor event-lightning relationships indicate that historical values of thunder activity cannot be used to reconstruct historical lightning frequencies. The results also raise serious questions about the accuracy of the thunder event and thunder day records; clearly, they underestimate the actual storm activity at a weather station.


The relation between police and immigrants has become a topic of scholarly fields of research as immigration has increased the number of new residents and people from a variety of countries and cultures into Finland. This new phenomenon has slowly changed the country to a multicultural society, thus requiring government agencies to adapt and adjust in the ways they provide services to the citizenry. Moreover, empirical research studies on minorities' and immigrants' perceptions of the police posit that certain factors are responsible for minorities' lack of trust in the police. Little attention has been given to this issue in Finland. The aim of this study is to analyse and explore as well as add to the growing scholarly research on the perception and cooperation between immigrants and the police in Finland in order to address the factors that could possibly be responsible for immigrants' lack of trust in the police. To address these issues, the study uses the experiences of 23 out of the 65 Africans whose ages range from 28 to 50+ who have resided in the country for five or more years. The findings indicate a depth of troublesome cross-cultural understanding between the participants and the police owing to differences in the policing styles in Finland and the respondents' countries of origin. The concept of over-policing is analysed with a view to ensure the effective protection of the human rights of the participating immigrants within the country's criminal justice system.


Choosing the appropriate type of baseband code is the key to the digital baseband transmission.HDB3 becomes one of the types of code recommended by ITU because of its advantage.This paper presents a method of designing HDB3 codec based on FPGA,provides the simulation in Quartus II by using VHDL and shows its correctness of this method.


We show that the cylinder B^2(1) \times \mathbb{R}^{2(n-1)} embeds symplectically into the product B^{2(n-1)}(R) \times \mathbb{R}^2 for some finite R>0, which answers a question posed by H. Hofer in 1989. This implies the nonexistence of symplectic d-capacities, 1\sqrt{3}. We supply the final arguments to answer Hofer's questions. The main tool is a construction to remove singular limits of families of embeddings.


In sports scientific research,there are a large number of sports problems and phenomenon,the cause of which needs us to explore,to find out a causation structure among the variables,to identify the deep-seated law behind causation so as to seek a solution to the problems.This paper explored such approaches applied in this study as linear relevant regression analysis,multi-polar regression analysis,Logistic regression analysis,path analysis,structural equation model to find the causation,as well as the basic theory of model,and the applicable conditions.This paper takes path analysis as an example to introduce the computer operation process of causation.


An attempt is made in this paper towards measurement of the speed of growth and structural changes in India's Government Final Consumption Expenditure and Income at both aggregate and disaggregate levels. The paper also probes into whether there is any causal relationship between the two macro variables.


The Racket language promotes a language-oriented style of programming. Developers create many domain-specific languages, write programs in them, and compose these programs via Racket code. This style of programming can work only if creating and composing little languages is simple and effective. While Racket's Lisp heritage might suggest that macros suffice, its design team discovered significant shortcomings and had to improve them in many ways. This paper presents the evolution of Racket's macro system, including a false start, and assesses its current state. 2012 ACM Subject Classification Software and its engineering → Semantics


Abstract DNA barcoding has proved difficult in a number of woody plant genera, including the ecologically important oak genus Quercus. In this study, we utilized restrictionsite‐associated DNA sequencing (RAD‐seq) to develop an economical single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) DNA barcoding system that suffices to distinguish eight common, sympatric eastern North American white oak species. Two de novo clustering pipelines, PyRAD and Stacks, were used in combination with postclustering bioinformatic tools to generate a list of 291 potential SNPs, 80 of which were included in a barcoding toolkit that is easily implemented using MassARRAY mass spectrometry technology. As a proof‐of‐concept, we used the genotyping toolkit to infer potential hybridization between North American white oaks transplanted outside of their native range (Q. michauxii, Q. montana, Q muehlenbergii/Q. prinoides, and Q. stellata) into a horticultural collection surrounded by natural forests of locally native trees (Q. alba and Q. macrocarpa) in the living collection at The Morton Arboretum (Lisle, IL, USA). Phylogenetic and clustering analyses suggested low rates of hybridization between cultivated and native species, with the exception of one Q. michauxii mother tree, the acorns of which exhibited high admixture from either Q. alba or Q. stellata and Q. macrocarpa, and a hybrid between Q. stellata that appears to have backcrossed almost exclusively to Q. alba. Together, RAD‐seq and MassARRAY technologies allow for efficient development and implementation of a multispecies barcode for one of the more challenging forest tree genera.


Abstract This study examined the moderating effects of work-based support (i.e. support provided by work colleagues and supervisor) on the relationship between job insecurity and (1) job dissatisfaction, and (2) non-compliant job behaviours. Data were collected through a questionnaire sent by post to MBA alumni of a large university in the USA (n = 306). The results of moderated regression analysis showed that supervisor support and work colleague support significantly moderated the relationship between job insecurity and the two outcomes examined. These findings suggest that support derived from others at the workplace can contribute significantly in buffering individuals against job dissatisfaction and non-compliant job behaviours when their job security is at stake. The processes through which work-based support operates in moderating the relationship between job insecurity and its outcomes are discussed.


According to eight evaluation indices selected from natural conditions and location factors,analytic hierarchy process and GIS spatial analysis function were used to determine the index weight.The rural residential land use potential was evaluated as four levels of the high development potential district,the middle potential development district,the low development potential district,not suitable for the development potential district in Panshi city.Based on four grades,rural residential land layout optimization model was put forward,namely,for sporadic distribution,covering area less than 1 hm2 in settlements,if the overall relocation was being carried out,it coule effectively increase the cultivated area 179.66 hm2 and improve the utilization of land.For villages area between 1 and 10 hm2,these villages which not only demolish old buildings and build new villages but also admit the relocation villages,can improve rural ecological environment,improve their living standards and quality of life,revitalize land assets,develop rural economy.Some villages covering area more than 10 hm2,which were away from town,urban,and have perfect supporting facilities and good natural conditions,can increase their infrastructure and implement positive development strategy as the center village;Some villages,which were close to town,urban,can alleviate the index shortage situation of urban construction land,increase city and town construction land,reduce rural residential areas,use land intensively and frugally,but also became important means of advancing socialist new countryside construction,promoting industrial structure of optimization and upgrading,accelerating urbanization process in the region.


This article aims to propose a new hybrid reluctance machine equipped with relieving-dc-saturation (RDCS) ability for electric vehicle in-wheel drive. The proposed machine uses integrated ac and dc current excitation to eliminate extra dc field coils for the efficient torque generation. Besides, considering the inherent dc saturation in stator core caused by dc current excitation, slot PMs are artificially introduced to provide RDCS effect and thus boost torque density. Moreover, with a modular magnetic field configuration, the proposed topology exhibits excellent fault-tolerant potential at both open-circuit and short-circuit condition, making it suitable for safety-critical in-wheel vehicle propulsion. In this article, the machine configuration and operation principle are introduced, with emphasis on its RDCS effect and corresponding design consideration. Further, performance of this new topology is evaluated by both finite element analysis and prototype experiments. It is revealed that, with this RDCS ability, torque density of the proposed machine can be enhanced by about 25% under relatively high current density.


CONTEXT
Obesity and insulin resistance predispose patients with the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) to abnormalities in blood pressure regulation.

OBJECTIVE
Our objective was to evaluate the impact of obesity on the blood pressure profiles of PCOS patients. PATIENTS, SETTING, AND DESIGN: Thirty-six PCOS patients and 20 healthy women participated in a case-control study at an academic hospital.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
We conducted ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and office blood pressure determinations.

RESULTS
Hypertension (defined as increased office blood pressure confirmed by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring or by masked hypertension) was present in 12 PCOS patients and eight controls (P = 0.618). No differences between patients and controls were found in office and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring values and heart rate, yet the nocturnal decrease in mean blood pressure was smaller in patients (P = 0.038). Obese women (13 patients and eight controls) had increased frequencies of office hypertension (29% compared with 3% in lean plus overweight women, P = 0.005), increased diastolic (P = 0.009) and mean (P = 0.015) office blood pressure values, and increased heart rate values during the daytime (P = 0.038), nighttime (P = 0.002), and 24-h (P = 0.009) periods, independently of having PCOS or not. The frequency of a nocturnal nondipper pattern was 62% in obese PCOS patients, compared with 26% in lean plus overweight PCOS patients (P = 0.036) and 25% in obese and in lean plus overweight controls.

CONCLUSIONS
Abnormalities in the regulation of blood pressure are common in young women with PCOS, yet, with the exception of the nondipper pattern, these abnormalities result from the frequent association of this syndrome with obesity.


Bland JD, Rudolfer SM. Clinical surveillance of carpal tunnel syndrome in two areas of the United Kingdom, 1991– 2001. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2003, 74: 1674–9. Latinovic R, Gulliford MC, Hughes RA. Incidence of common compressive neuropathies in primary care. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2006, 77: 263–5. Ono S, Clapham PJ, Chung KC. Optimal management of carpal tunnel syndrome. Int J Gen Med. 2010, 3: 255–61. Papanicolaou GD, McCabe SJ, Firrell J. The prevalence and characteristics of nerve compression symptoms in the general population. J Hand Surg Am. 2001, 26: 460–6.


A review of Lubomir Doležel´s Possible Worlds of Fiction and History: The Postmodern Stage (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2010, 171 pp. ISBN 978-0-8018-9463-3).


No community is free of violence, however, the risk of encountering violence, both against as well as by children, is much higher in some communities than in others. In some settings, especially those where weapons are in wide circulation, violence has today assumed frightening proportions. These are basically urban zones in areas with significant levels of destitution, financial dissimilarity also, social imbalance, once in a while confused by continuous political or monetary precariousness. Simultaneously, likewise in moderately rich and stable social orders, particularly where there are clear disparities, disturbing degrees of savagery against kids have been archived. The 'Teenager' phase of each child or in other words if we say 'The Juvenile' are undoubtedly very 'tender', 'naive', and 'innocent' in nature as when they grown up slowly and gradually their first set of exposure is 'Ipso Facto'the community whom they experience first.


In 1996, the Los Alamos National Laboratory restructured its safety management system to require formal hazard analysis and risk determination for its operations and activities. This paper provides a perspective on the effectiveness of those efforts. An overview of the safety management system is provided, and some influencing factors reviewed, such as management, bureaucratic hurdles, paperwork, hazard analysis, behavioral aspects, and the role of failure. Barriers to success, potential benefits, and challenges are discussed.


Geochronological tracking has received wide recognition as an appropriate scientific and methodological tool and an effective information technology of qualimetric research in the interests of ensuring high quality of transport services, transportation efficiency, analysis of the facts of insufficient meeting the needs of the population with spatially remote services, etc. On the basis of geochronotracking, a procedure has been developed for statistical verification of research hypotheses about stable trends in changes in the quality of various spatio-temporal processes. The reliability and validity of accepting a particular hypothesis in the framework of a qualimetric research is determined by the representativeness of the volume of initial data on geographical movements, considered as a selection from the general population. This article is devoted to the analysis of this dependence and the development of an algorithm for assessing the specified stability (significance).


Solving large system of tensor linear equations is a fundamental problem in mathematics. This paper proposes a sampling tensor greedy Kaczmarz method (tGK) to solve large-scale linear systems with a t-product structure by introducing an effective greedy criterion, which eliminates the entry with the largest residual in the submatrix system per iteration. Then a relaxed tensor greedy Kaczmarz method (tRGK (ω)) is obtained by introducing the relaxation parameter ω to tGK, which can effectively change the convergence rate. The linear convergence of the two methods is guaranteed when the tensor linear system is consistent. Several experiments show that the methods designed in this paper converge faster compared with tensor randomized Kaczmarz (tRK). Moreover, selecting appropriate parameters ω can improve the convergence rate of tGK.


In this contribution we discuss the application of periodic structures composed of resonant metal strips in radio-frequency coils for preclinical multi-nuclei magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). For these multi-wire structures we numerically demonstrate a variety of hybridized eigenmodes calculating their magnetic field patterns and discuss their selective excitation. We show that by properly exciting two particular eigenmodes with a small non-resonant loop feed one can construct a dual-frequency coil for MRI. The field of view of the coil at both frequencies is determined by the magnetic field patterns of the selected modes, as shown by full-wave numerical simulations. The choice of the excited eigenmodes determines the field penetration depths into a scanned subject at the corresponding resonant frequencies. Moreover, in this work we discuss miniaturization of multi-wire resonators by capacitive loading of strips.


This paper presents the results of an acoustic analysis of the front centring diphthongs in the speech of New Zealanders from the Intermediate Archive. These are speakers born between the late 1890s and the early 1930s. It will be argued that although these speakers tend to have non-merged realisations of /I ́/ and /E ́/, there were already precursors of an incipient merger present at that time. That is, it will be shown that in certain contexts, the distributions of the two phonemes approximate each other over the Intermediate period.


Evolutionary game theory is one of the key paradigms behind many scientific disciplines from science to engineering. Previous studies proposed a strategy updating mechanism, which successfully demonstrated that the scale-free network can provide a framework for the emergence of cooperation. Instead, individuals in random graphs and small-world networks do not favor cooperation under this updating rule. However, a recent empirical result shows the heterogeneous networks do not promote cooperation when humans play a prisoner's dilemma. In this paper, we propose a strategy updating rule with payoff memory. We observe that the random graphs and small-world networks can provide even better frameworks for cooperation than the scale-free networks in this scenario. Our observations suggest that the degree heterogeneity may be neither a sufficient condition nor a necessary condition for the widespread cooperation in complex networks. Also, the topological structures are not sufficed to determine the level of cooperation in complex networks.


To maintain and rehabilitate the ecosystem, the protection of water from anthropogenically derived pollutants is one of the important tasks in environmental science. From this perspective, the quality of rainwater and roof runoff have been investigated in this case study, which showed that the average sum concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and n-alkanes are greater in rain than in roof runoff. The concentration of most PAHs in rain water is irregular and remains in roof runoff almost constant during the rainfall process. The sum concentrations of PAHs and n-alkane are higher in winter and autumn than in summer and spring. N-alkanes seem to be derived mainly from anthropogenic sources.


The notion of quasi-unit has been introduced by Yosida in unital Riesz spaces. Later on, a fruitful potential-theoretic generalization was obtained by Arsove and Leutwiler. Due to the work of Eriksson and Leutwiler, this notion also turned out to be an effective tool by investigating the extreme structure of operator segments. This paper has multiple purposes which are interwoven, and are intended to be equally important. On the one hand, we identify quasi-units as orthogonal projections acting on an appropriate auxiliary Hilbert space. As projections form a lattice and are extremal points of the effect algebra, we conclude the same properties for quasi-units. Our second aim is to apply these results for nonnegative sesquilinear forms. Constructing an order-preserving bijection between operator and form segments, we provide a characterization of being extremal in the convexity sense, and we give a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of the greatest lower bound of two forms. Closing the paper we revisit some statements by using the machinery developed by Hassi, Sebestyén, and de Snoo. It will turn out that quasi-units are exactly the closed elements with respect to the antitone Galois connection induced by parallel addition and subtraction.


Communication system 100 that includes a Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service (MBMS) service provides re-broadcast of the event to subscribers of the MBMS service 102-104. Infrastructure 124 comprising a server 118 coupled to a RAN controller 114 is included in the communication system, via support node 116 receives the MBMS data from the first set from the MBMS content provider 127 It will be transmitted to the mobile station (102-104) to join with the MBMS data from the first set and the first session description associated. After that, the infrastructure receives the MBMS data on the second set from the MBMS content provider of the MBMS data comprises a re-conveyance of the first set, and delivering the MBMS notification to the mobile station with a second Session Description associated. Thereafter the mobile station can determine whether the received re-transmission, based on the first and the second Session Description. Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service (MBMS) session data, session descriptions, service ID, MBMS content provider,


This Journal Club article looks at a study by Tessitore et al., 1 who investigated functional connectivity (FC) within the default-mode network (DMN) in cognitively unimpaired patients with Parkinson disease (PD). PD is the second most common neurodegen-erative disorder after Alzheimer disease (AD) and is expected to become progressively more prevalent in our aging societies. Thus, its social and economic burden on societies is expected to be even greater in the future. 2 Cognitive impairment is one of the most disabling nonmotor symptoms of PD, further affect-ing functioning and quality of life as well as increasing caregivers ' burden and health-related costs. 3 When an individual is alert but not actively engaged in cognitive tasks, organized neural activity occurs in a set of brain regions called the DMN (figure), which in-volves the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), parts of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, and the precuneus. 4 Interestingly, DMN abnormalities have been linked to cognitive profiles in several neurologic and psychiatric disorders, such as AD, autism, frontotem-poral dementia, multiple sclerosis, and vegetative states 5 ; however, contradictory results have been reported in PD. 1 This study for the first time cogently demonstrates decreased FC within the DMN in cognitively unimpaired patients with PD. HYPOTHESIS DESIGN similar in other an


The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between swimming training and cardiac function in rats. Fifty Sprague-Dawley rats were separated into 3 groups: Moderate swimming group(MS), High-intensity swimming group(HS) and Sedentary control group(SC). After 8 weeks' training, the MS and HS rats' heart weight increased the by 16% and 17%, respectively. Rats were studied by standard and tissue Doppler echocardiography. Echocardiography showed increased septal and posterior wall thickness in MS and HS rats, and increased LV mass by 36% and 41% in MS and HS rats, respectively. LV diameters, stroke volumes, cardiac output, and ejection fractions were unchanged. There was a progressive increase in Ea in MS rats and HS rats, but no significant differences were found in Aa between MS and HS rats, this led to significant progressive increased Ea/Aa in MS rats and HS rats, which was paralleled to training intensity. Conclusion: (1)Chronic intermittent swimming training can improve cardiac function, especially diastolic function in rats; (2)Training intensity is more effective than duration; (3)High-Intensity swimming training can't induce phenomena of pathological cardiac hypertrophy.


Operating principle of modern ballistic gravimeters is based on the measurement of motion parameters of a macroscopic test body or a cloud of cold atoms in the field and calculation of free-fall using the measured motion parameters from the test body motion equation. There are about 200 transportable ballistic gravimeters in the world, the best of which feature uncertainty of a few units of 10 -8 ms -2 . Metrological assurance system for absolute gravimeters is being developed. Improvements in absolute gravimeters will allow their use on moving platforms.


The invention concerns a micro-system with multiple points for chemical or biological analysis consisting of a structure provided with micro-cups (7), each micro-cup designed to receive a reagent (14a, 15a, 16a) coupled with a conductor polymer, each micro-cup having a receiving electrode (9a) whereon is fixed the reagent via of the polymer conductor with which it is coupled, each micro-cup having a counter-electrode (9b) arranged so as to apply, in a volume of the micro-cup, an electric field between its counter-electrode and its receiving electrode, the structure having means for simultaneously connecting all the receiving electrodes to a first electric potential and means for simultaneously connecting all the counter-electrodes to a second electric potential for generating said electric field.


Abstract : The concept of the graser (or gamma-ray laser) is discussed, and recent Russian and American proposals are surveyed. The difficulties in building a gamma-ray laser are outlined; and specific recommendations are made for delimiting the extent of NRL involvement in graser research in the near future.


Agricultural sandy soils with high organic matter (OM) contents are generally unexpected under the current paradigm of organic matter formation and stabilization. These so-called black sand soils occur in North-Western Europe and have been related to historical heathland vegetation. The properties and mechanisms of the high OM sequestration in these soils are not clear as they exceed common observations of OM stored in coarse-textured soils. In this study, we analyzed a subset of samples with ‘black sand’ properties from the European soil database “Land Use/Cover Area frame statistical Survey” (LUCAS). Through particle size fractionation, we isolated the fine fraction <20 µm which contained, on average, 55 % of the total soil organic carbon (OC), in only 8 % of the corresponding soil mass. The fine fraction <20 µm contained 301 mg OC g-1 with a C:N ratio of 17.4 on average and was positively correlated with the bulk soil OC. The characterization of OM composition in the fine fractions by solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy revealed that the share of alkyl C increased with OC concentrations whereas O/N-alkyl C decreased. To analyze the distribution of OM at the microscale, we analyzed five samples from the <20 µm fraction containing a gradient of 245-378 mg OC g‑1 with nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS) at a spatial resolution of 120 nm. These microscale measurements revealed fine mineral particle structures associated with heterogeneously distributed OM. Using image analysis, we found that the proportion of OM-dominated area (indicated by 12C2- and 26CN-) increased from 52 to 80 % on average with increasing OC concentration of the fine fractions. A majority of OM-dominated area was correlated with higher 42AlO- counts, which might suggest a preferential co-localization. In turn, the particle area which was dominated by minerals (indicated by 16O‑, 28Si‑, 42AlO‑ and 72FeO‑) contained less Al and more Si. This shows that the more alkylated and OM-rich fine fractions are related with distinct patterns of organo-mineral structures at the microscale.


Arithmetic of K3 surfaces defined over finite fields are investigated. In particular, we show that any K3 surface X of finite height over a finite field k of characteristic p ≥ 5 has a quasi-canonical lifting Z to characteristic 0, and that the endormorphism algebra of the transcendental cycles V (Z), as a Hodge module, is a CM field over Q. We also prove the Tate conjecture for any powers of such a K3 surface over k when the lifted Frobenius on V (Z) is irreducible. We illustrate by examples how to determine the associated formal Brauer group explicitly. Examples discussed here are all of hypergeometric type.


Ixazomib is an oral proteasome inhibitor approved in combination with lenalidomide and dexamethasone for the treatment of relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (MM). Approval in the United States, Europe, and additional countries was based on results from the phase III TOURMALINE‐MM1 (C16010) study. Here, joint population pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic time‐to‐event (TTE) and discrete time Markov models were developed to describe key safety (rash and diarrhea events, and platelet counts) and efficacy (myeloma protein [M‐protein] and progression‐free survival [PFS]) outcomes observed in TOURMALINE‐MM1. Models reliably described observed safety and efficacy results; prior immunomodulatory drug therapy and race were significant covariates for diarrhea and rash events, respectively, whereas M‐protein dynamics were sufficiently characterized using TTE models of relapse and dropout. Moreover, baseline M‐protein was identified as a significant covariate for observed PFS. The developed framework represents an integrated approach to describing safety and efficacy with MM therapy, enabling the simulation of prospective trials and potential alternate dosing regimens.


When I was asked to contribute to this issue, I will admit there was a moment of reluctance. In past times, I feared not being enough or mirroring the expectations others have for an Aboriginal person. Nowadays, it is less about others and more about me; will I find value in this or is it just another tokenistic attempt to be seen as inclusive. This piece requires me to share my own personal experiences and I am conscious this can provoke emotions for me, but also for my fellow Aboriginal trainees. This article reflects my own lived experiences and does not represent my Indigenous colleagues' individual journeys. I would like to acknowledge my brothers and sisters, their mob, their voice, their hard work, and recognise their experiences as holding immense value in the future of emergency medicine. To maintain my own integrity, I will not hide or lessen my experience in order to protect the feelings of others. Racism and bias is etched in Aboriginal history and I am not in the business of pretending cultural competency modules alone preclude it from being present in our EDs. We must be open, honest and willing to learn from each other in order to move forward as a community we all can belong to. I will not be using referenced works to validate my experience. Traditionally, Aboriginal people have had their stories discounted because they are not preserved by methods valid in Western culture. If this makes you question the legitimacy of this piece, I urge you to return to the beginning and start again. My cultural bloodlines come from Murrawarri, Ngemba and Wiradjuri country and is more complex than simply a stamp on a piece of paper. My experience as an Aboriginal woman is interwoven with a long, strong and proud connection to family, community and culture. I live, work and breathe proudly on Wiradjuri country as an Advanced Trainee, servicing a large rural and remote population in Western NSW. When talking about racism in the ED, I hope the majority of people and departments have absolutely no tolerance for any racially motivated statements or behaviour. What is often neglected and what I more commonly see are the subtle undertones of unconscious bias most people do not even recognise. I am cautious in my approach as advocacy is often perceived as hostile and confrontational, rather than one that can provide a valuable insight into the interface of Aboriginal patients and the healthcare system. When standing at the journey board discussing patients, I hear the change in tone as we speak about the Aboriginal woman who has presented again with the same nonhealing diabetic foot wound. I hear the comments and the backhanded remarks blaming her choices as being the sole reason she is in this position. It is the lack of appreciation for this woman's lived experience and the failed attempt to understand her untold story and appreciate how environmental factors beyond her control may have contributed to the current situation. If we acknowledged her story, we would recognise the discharge plan written is unrealistic and in fact setting the patient up to failure. Standing, listening and watching the conversations unfold demonstrate the unintentional assumptions staff make, because repeatedly I need to highlight oversights and explain why we need to adapt to the situation at hand. As an Aboriginal doctor, I have a sense of duty to protect and advocate for my mob, something I am unapologetic for. I am often left feeling the contention between colleagues as I interrogate comments or decisions to ensure Aboriginal patients are benefiting from our clinical judgements. My most feared patient is the young Aboriginal man who presents with abdominal pain. He is completely misunderstood, and his severe pain interpreted as aggression, his hesitancy to give a comprehensive history at triage further supporting the initial assumption that he is probably drug seeking. He is offered paracetamol and sat in the waiting room with a perforated bowel continuing to deteriorate. When we profile our patients as being aggressive, we create prejudicial undertones that negatively influence our ability to remain objective. When we get it wrong, we are often quick to place the blame on the patient, because observations outside the flags alone are not enough when he is well enough to go outside for a cigarette. These assumptions about patients cloud clinical decisions and delay early recognition of deterioration. We routinely throw around superficial comments like 'Aboriginal people are high risk' but fail to understand what high risk Correspondence: Dr Khyarne R Biles, Emergency Department, Dubbo Base Hospital, Myall Street, Dubbo, NSW 2830, Australia. Email: firstname.lastname@example.com


The principle and process flow of wastewater treatment in aluminum profile surface treatment were introduced.The effects of main process parameters on wastewater treatment were discussed, and the optimal process parameters were obtained:molar ratio of Cr(VI) to Na2S2O5 between 1:4 and 1:8, pH 8.0-9.0, and polyaluminum chloride(PAC) dosage 30 mL/L.


An experiment was performed to determine the effects of mine tailings alone mixed with compost or with compost plus crude biosurfactant on the accumulation of heavy metals (Pb, Zn, Cu, Cr, Cd, and Ni) in Acacia retinodes, Nicotiana glauca, and Echinochloa polystachya. The plants were grown in soil, mine tailings, and mine tailings containing compost over a period of seven and five months for shrubs or grass, respectively. The plants Acacia retinodes and Nicotiana glauca grown in mine tailings containing compost showed increases in dry biomass (from 62 to 79%) compared with plants in only tailings. Heavy metals accumulated in the roots and leaves showed high translocation rates of Cr in N. glauca, Cd in A. retinodes, and Ni in E. polystachya. Concentrations of heavy metals in the three plants irrigated with crude biosurfactant were not significantly different from those irrigated with water. Zn and Cd fractions within mine tailings containing compost were bound to carbonate, Pb was bound to residues, and Cu was bound to Fe-oxides. Cd had the highest mobility factor followed in order by Zn, Pb, and Cu. The elevated concentrations of Pb in roots and the low translocation rate for N. glauca and A. retinodes indicate that they are suitable for phytostabilizing Pb and Zn.


We have studied a double-dot single electron device that includes three tunnel junctions connecting a source, two islands and a drain, and a gate electrode capacitively connected to the two islands. Analytical solutions for voltage distribution and Coulomb blockade conditions were derived for the double-dot device with a symmetrical equivalent circuit by solving equations algebraically. With the help of derived formulas, stability diagrams for the device were drawn and the device operation was investigated in detail. Large and small rhombic stability diagrams are arranged alternately along the Vg axis. Large rhombic diagrams change to hexagonal shape, depending on a ratio of capacitances. A single electron can transfer from the source to the drain through the islands, that is, the device operates as a single electron transistor. The stability diagrams suggested that periodic double peaks of the drain current would appear. We also proved that this device cannot operate as a single electron turnstile.


The theory of frequency-based substructuring enables us to combine the dynamical behavior of multiple subsystems into the common response of the whole system. Subsystem's properties can be numerically or experimentally obtained in the form of frequency response functions. Response models are then coupled together taking into account a connectivity conditions. However, when one is dealing with a statically indeterminate multi-point connections such as flanges connected over several bolts, it is difficult to properly define a model in the numerical environment. In order to obtain real contact conditions a few methods like virtual point transformation and multi-point connection were proposed in recent years. Since an indirect approach of obtaining rotational motion struggle to accurately define local dynamic characteristics i.e. antiresonances, it also rely on assumption of rigid interface. In this paper we are introducing an alternative approach, where all six degrees of freedom are experimentally obtained with aim to directly address local joint flexibility in the substructuring process. This procedure represent an alternative to the method that removes the effects of a flexible fixture, however here it is done directly by measuring contact dynamic without the need of additional fixture block. Rotational responses are directly obtained using rotational accelerometer that enable us to gather all six degrees of freedom in each experimental point. Consequently, contact can be fully defined with less measurement points where several of them with only translational responses are required in other methods for reconstruction of rotational motion.


How can we help the employee learn faster? How do we get everyone to work in the same way? These were the issues that triggered the Shop Floor Control program in 2010, a partnership between Ikea Industry Portugal and Indeve, which responded to the need for integration of employees in the process of organizational innovation. The human being is a social being, needs purpose and to be able to contribute. Individual creativity is a characteristic innate to all people. When given this power of contribution, creativity is stimulated. If the individual is aligned with the purpose of their work, it will reflect the individual qualities in the collective - the team. For everyone to work in the same direction it is necessary to create teams with open communication, capable of taking decisions and with coordinated action among all. When we get a collective focused on this approach, we are building high-performance teams. The qualification of high-performance teams needs to focus on the results of the collective rather than concentrating on the results of employees as individual beings; these teams are dependent on the interaction between the people who form it and not on a single person who leads it; in decisionmaking, the team must seek a variety of options and use an effective mechanism to restrict choices. Analyzing the Shop Floor Control program, we concretely perceive the fundamental points of building an organization based on high-performance teams. SHOP FLOOR CONTROL Mais longe e muito mais rapido The beginning: In 2010, Ikea Industry Portugal aimed to significantly increase daily performance and include employees in the process of organizational innovation. What was done: It has become the self-explanatory factory floor, with the purpose of aligning internal processes and systems with an agile organizational structure. How to: Creating a set of choreographed routines for all collaborators; ensuring alignment between objectives and action; and providing information sharing - SHOP FLOOR CONTROL. So how does the Shop Floor Control program work? Shop Floor Control is based on four key tools, which provide an alignment among all and a greater focus on the collaborator: Workstation, GPS, Visual Management and Choreography. Workstation The purpose of this tool is to routinely characterize work based on routines, to guarantee communication, to support the collaborator and to allow this to be an active voice in the process of continuous improvement. GPS GPS is a visual and interactive desktop management tool that groups employees' competencies and valencies, area routines, functions and critical posts. Visual management Conjunto de displays visuais destinados a avaliar sistematicamente o desempenho diario, tendencias de longo prazo e gestao de acoes de melhoria continua. Choreography The choreography represents the daily routines of the collaborators, ensures the alignment between the goal and the action, creates a flow of information sharing and provides tools for follow-up, coordination and feedback. "The existence of routines is liberating creativity. They allow people to dispose of the entire agenda structure so that they can fill that brain sp ace with readiness to interact. " Jorge Ferreira - DG Portugal-Russia, IKEA INDUSTRY "I think this project is very good for the communication that is transmitted to us in terms of productivity, rejection, problem solving and improvement actions that can be done." Operadora – Ikea Industry Portugal Shop Floor Control allows you to align strategic objectives with the processes of leadership, mapping processes and operating systems, developing skills and working behaviors, promoting an effective communication system and enhancing the process of continuous improvement. With the adoption of this strategy, the Pacos de Ferreira plant became number 1 in the productivity, product quality (COPQ) and quality management (Grading Lean) indicators of the entire Ikea Industry Group. "When many people work in the same way it forms a company culture"


Elise Lopez: My name is Elise Lopez, and I am the president of Empowering Women of Color for the 2016–2017 year. It's so wonderful to see you all here. This is our third annual Empowering Women of Color Conference. Each year, we get better attendance and more engagement. We are joined by our cosponsors: the Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, the African-American Policy Forum, and the Center for Intersectionality and Social Policy Studies.


Infornration on ihe dier ofthe American martcn (M4ie! anericano) is \ilal to understandmg habitat requirements ofpopulations ofthis species. The frequenc,v of occurrcncc ofprcy items found in 101,1 scar sanples associated with 3l radiocollared Amcrican martens in northeastem Oregon includcdr 62.77. vole sized prey, 28.27. squiffel-sized prey, 22..1% insech. 19.5% birds. 13.37. plan! matcrial. and 2.,{7. lagomorphs. A signilicandy higher proportion of voles (Mnrr.o/ar spp.). southcm rcd backed voles (Clethrio omJs gapp?ri), and chipmunks (?dfiidr spp.) were found in the summer diet comparcd wilh thc winler and a higher proponion of nofthern flying squi|rels (Gldr.d,n_lJ rdrr.nrrr). unidentified squirrels, bushlr tailed woodrats (N.d.orrd .ir€r?d). rnd mountain coitontails (Sj-lrilagus nutallii) \\ere found in the winrcr diet comparcd wirh summer. Insects and plant remains represented a higherpfopofion ofthe diet in summer than rvinter Females preycd on a higher proponion of shrews (Sdr€-r spp.) and chipnunks, while nales prefed on a higher propoItion of southern red-backed voles.


ABSTRACT For Australian architects of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the pull to centres of architectural culture was significant. Travel to further one's architectural education and experience was out of reach for many Antipodean architects because of geographical distance and costs. For others, particular circumstances enabled a period of international travel, having a transformative effect on their subsequent architectural outputs and careers. Not all architectural travel is the same: it has different modes and outcomes, and can be instigated through means as diverse as a reward for years of practice to enlisting in military service. This paper examines the changing role of travel for Australian architects prior to the Second World War. Six distinct modes of travel emerge: the grand tour; the commercial enterprise; the roaming adventure; accidental tourismthat Kilburn took through the United States saw him directly influenced; educational imperative; and finally, as a rite of passage. While the impetus differed, all modes allowed architects to experience places and structures first-hand: to see architecture differently. This increasing role of travel in the careers of architects vastly truncated the distance between the United Kingdom, Europe, North America, and Australia, building educational and professional engagement and networks. These opportunities brought multi-valent benefit to individual architects, as well as new ideas that transformed Australian architecture.


In comparing the guide dog movements in the United States and England, there are several similarities. Among these are the charitable and non-governmental nature of the enterprise, techniques of training, residential requirements, and minimal costs to obtain a guide dog. A major difference is that in England there is one school with seven centers, while in the United States there are ten competing schools. In England, twice as high a proportion of blind people use guide dogs. Structural and cultural reasons are explored to explain these differences. Among the structural differences are the organization and enterprise, involvement of graduates in educational and fund-raising activities, and greater commitment to the team after graduation. Two innovations in the United States are the move toward geographically regionalized schools that begin to resemble the British centers, and the move to domiciliary or at-home, non-residential programs. This latter development has also taken hold in the British system.


This paper investigates the techniques to construct high-quality target processor array (fault-free logical subarray) from a physical array with faulty processing elements (PEs), where a fixed number of spare PEs are pre-integrated that can be used to replace the faulty ones when necessary. A reconfiguration algorithm is successfully developed based on our proposed novel shifting operations that can efficiently select proper spare PEs to replace the faulty ones. Then, the initial target array is further refined by a carefully designed tabu search algorithm. We also consider the problem of constructing a fault-free subarray with given size, instead of the original size, which is often required in energy-efficient MPSoC design. We propose two efficient heuristic algorithms to construct target arrays of given sizes leveraging a sliding window on the physical array. Simulation results show that the improvements of the proposed algorithms over the state of the art are [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], in terms of congestion factor and distance factor, respectively, for the case that all faulty PEs can be replaced using the spare ones. For the case of finding [Formula: see text] target array on [Formula: see text] host array, the proposed heuristic algorithm saves the running time up to [Formula: see text] while the solution quality keeps nearly unchanged, in comparison with the baseline algorithms.


e∈E(u) f(e). Thus, any local antimagic (total) labeling induces a proper vertex coloring of G if vertex v is assigned the color g(v) (respectively, wf (u)). The local antimagic (total) chromatic number, denoted χla(G) (respectively χlat(G)), is the minimum number of induced colors taken over local antimagic (total) labeling of G. In this paper, we determined χlat(G) where G is the amalgamation of complete graphs.


The purpose of this study is exploring appropriate methods of class critique and roles of guide in early childhood classrooms through the process of practicing class critique with teachers. From February 2019 to January 2020, about a year, 12 times of class critique meetings with a guide and three early childhood teachers were conducted. Data were collected through the record of meetings, class critique papers, interviews with the teachers, reflective journals of the guide. The results of data analysis are as follows. The four steps of class critique, observation of class activities-analysis through discussion-writing critique paper-sharing and synthesizing the critique paper, were appropriate. According to the participants' growth and context of the meetings, however, adjustment of specific parts of the steps were needed. The roles of the guide of class critique were coordinating whole flow and details of the meetings, making comfortable atmosphere, and facilitating the participants' thoughts. In addition, it was necessary to modify the guide's roles depending on the participants' growth. Based on the results, educational implications were discussed.


A unique way of driving a multi-channel rf excited slab laser is presented. Resonant cavity techniques were employed to provide high power splitting and impedance transformation for the excitation of multiple discharge elements. Uniform and isolated power division was observed in 24 channels, stacked in a radial array referred to as the Zodiac geometry. Impedance matching networks were not necessary as the rf cavity splitter created a near ideal voltage source capable of driving any discharge impedance. With 24 channels driven, optical powers over 3 kW have been observed.


The formation of science and technology parks (STP) is accompanied by formation of bases of professional staff who will be employed in the park as well as a databases of potential management that will manage the park and professional staff. Science and technology park is a term used to describe versatile attempts to instigate the development of entrepreneurship by starting knowledge reliant small and medium companies. The primary goals of ST parks are to unify the economical and intellectual resources in the region where the park is being founded, for the purpose of bettering and improving company management conditions, and concentrating the knowledge in one place. For this type of organization is necessary to determine the appropriate personnel who will manage the process of establishment and later for management of the park. This paper presents the general conditions necessary for the management of the organizations that establishes the park to have successful results. We will show conditions related to human technological and infrastructural resources needed to found a ST park.


Nowadays, in all sectors we are dealing with an intense development of technology, necessary on the one hand for our everyday lifestyle, but however with a major impact on the environment due to the lack of a proper infrastructure. In the case of electrical and electronic equipment waste (WEEE) management, due to their volume and composition, further expertise is needed for the collection and processing of electronic waste in an ecological way. Although different laws are adopted at national and international level, many illegal practices are registered among producers, consumers and stakeholders for the end-of-life of WEEE management. The purpose of this study is to raise the awareness of stakeholders regarding the assurance of sustainable development, by reducing the impact on the environment and natural resources conservation, following the best practices recommended for an eco-friendly management. Through this paper, useful strategies applied in several developed countries for the management of WEE have been studied and analyzed, and future perspectives regarding the management of electronic waste (e-waste) are suggested. In addition, human population should be more conscious regarding the significance of handling and recycling of WEEE..


k Nearest neighbor (kNN) classification algorithm is a prediction model which is widely used for real‐life applications, such as healthcare, finance, computer vision, personalization recommendation and precision marketing. The arrival of data explosion era results in the significant increase of feature dimension, which also makes for the increase of privacy concern over the available samples and unlabeled data in the applications of machine learning. In this paper, we present a secure low communication overhead kNN classification protocol that is able to deal with high‐dimensional features given in real numbers. First, to deal with feature values given in real numbers, we develop a specific data conversion algorithm, which is used in the chosen fully homomorphic scheme. This conversion algorithm is generic and applicable to other algorithms that need to handle real numbers using the fully homomorphic scheme. Second, we present a privacy‐preserving euclidean distance protocol (PPEDP), which works with the Euclidean distance computation between two points given in real numbers in a high‐dimensional space. Then, based on the novelty PPEDP and oblivious transfer, we propose a new classification approach, efficient secure kNN classification protocol, (ESkNN) with low communication overhead, which is appropriate for a sample set with high‐dimensional features and real number feature values. Moreover, we implement ESkNN in C++. Experimental results show that ESkNN is several orders of magnitude faster in performance than existing works, and scales up to 18 000 feature dimension in a memory limited environment.


SummaryThe effects of 2000 r of 200 kvp x-rays on the structure of the larger blood vessels of male albino mice are described. Irradiation was delivered to one hind limb of mice either 3 or 12 weeks old. Histological studies show that at 9 weeks after irradiation and thereafter there is an increased incidence of intimal proliferation, fragmentation of the elastic lamina, over-production of elastic tissue, necrosis, hyaline thickening, thrombosis and production of collagen, in the larger vessels. The implied reduction in efficiency was found to correlate with information obtained by arteriograms (Sams 1963). It is suggested that the direct effect of radiation on the components of the vessel wall and the effect of radiation-induced fibrosis of the surrounding tissues on the vessels were both instrumental in bringing about these changes.


Robust stability problem of singular systems with multiple delays is discussed.A new Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional(LKF) is introduced,which combines the discretization method of LKF to give the condition such that the singular system with multiple delays is regular,impulse free and stable.Furthermore,the result is extended to uncertain singular system with multiple delays,where the parameter uncertainty is assumed to be norm bounded.Numerical examples illustrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method.


Region of North Gujarat is dotted with a large number of wetlands small and big. 'Thol Lake Wildlife Sanctuary' is the only one amongst them which has got the legal protection as a wildlife sanctuary mainly to protect its rich mi- grant and resident waterfowl. Floristic study of Thol Lake Wildlife Sanctuary popularly known as 'Thol Bird Sanctuary (TBS)', was of concern for the reason that unlike two other sanctuaries of North Gujarat this one has remained untouched. TBS is unique due to the fact that owing to its smaller size, it offers much diversity in plant community. An attempt has been made in the present study to carry out research regarding flora of TBS. Falling in the semi-arid region TBS holds scrub vegetation mixed with aquatic and invasive flora. The importance of flora of TBS is also indicated by presence of a few threatened and many medicinal plants.


Self-assembled 2 × 2 grids have been characterised as high-fidelity species produced when the correct stoichiometric ratios are met, but rarely are the individual steps leading to and from their formation characterised. Here, we present such a study using equilibrium-restricted factor analysis to model a set of UV–vis spectra starting from a bis-bidentate ligand to the assembly of a 2 × 2 grid complex upon titration with 1 equiv. of [Cu(MeCN)4](PF6) and to disassembly upon further titration. Intermediate species [CuL2]+, [Cu2L3]2+, [Cu3L2]3+ and [Cu2L]2+ are evidenced along the assembly and disassembly pathways. Complementary 1H NMR titrations are consistent with the rich set of complexes and equilibria involved. Given the nature of the assembly process, the assembly is entropy driven and likely enthalpy driven as well. The disassembly process is both enthalpy and entropy driven according to the standard free energy values derived from the modelling of the spectrophotometric titration data.


Abstract : Aerodynamic measurements were made in the turbulent near wake of 10 deg. half angle circular cone at a 10 deg. angle of attack. The experiments were conducted at Mach 6 with a stagnation pressure of 800 psi and a corresponding free stream unit Reynolds number of 14.4 million per foot. The Reynolds number was sufficientl' large so that the boundary layer at the cone shoulder was turbulent. Detailed radial profiles of the total and static pressures along the meridian plane of symmetry in the supersonic regions of the wake at several axial stations are presented. In addition, the shape of the u = 0 line in the meridian plane of symmetry was also obtained. Correlations are shown for nearwake data obtained for zero angle of attack. (Author)


Limited time allocation for Islamic education in primary schools is an obstacle for the students to understand the lesson. The core of Islamic education is to understand reading and to write letters Hijaiyah. The concept of traditional learning patterns and lack of time made the level of understanding of students is low. Hence, learning media are needed to attract student's attention. Especially in children of the present era who are challenged with various types of technology, including mobile phones, televisions, and computers. The role of IT-based media can be a solution in current learning. In the learning process, especially for children, is learning that gives birth to a pleasant atmosphere. Images and sounds that appear will make children not get bored quickly so that they can stimulate learning in children. In learning that involves the media in the process of learning certainly must consider aspects of early childhood development. Augmented Reality can be utilized in various fields, including education. In learning, there are Quantum Learning theories, which explain visual, audio, and kinesthetic (VAK) methods. From here, Augmented Reality and Quantum Learning theories are interconnected. In this application, there will be Hijaiyah letters that are simulated in the form of AR with a sound and how to pronounce it. This application is to help the learning process of Hijaiyah letters, only by scanning the Hijaiyah letters from the Android camera.


— While Metrics Driven Verification (MDV) is universally accepted as the go-to methodology in verification, it has not kept up with the speed of innovation in exponentially more complex designs. The effectiveness of MDV is held back by the requirement to use SystemVerilog, a language not designed for large-scale data management. Innovation around EDA vendor-provided MDV flows are held back by the need to support legacy code, and they inevitably drive users towards reliance on proprietary APIs. In this paper we present an approach centred around an in-house Python implementation that allows us to fully utilise the power of MDV. We outline new workflows and extended tools which are enabled through this implementation as well as productivity and performance improvements. As a result of utilising this infrastructure we have measured in real life examples up to 40% code compute time performance improvement, up to 30% latency to result improvements as well as reductions in total code size.


The medical units represent a challenge for the building services engineers who are often put in difficulty to ensure the indoor optimal conditions. The destination variety of the indoor environment in such buildings and the different internal thermal loads lead to discomfort zones, for all involved users. The requirements imposed by standards lead often to dissatisfaction for the users: while some of the medical staff asks for low temperatures, others feel discomfort and often the patients have thermoregulatory problems due to this non-homogeneity of thermal conditions found. Several sets of survey studies were made in a large emergency hospital located in Romania of 1070 beds. Medical and non-medical team participated in this study regarding the indoor quality from different work-zones of this hospital. The zones studied were: internal medicine, cardiology, gastroenterology, hematology, neurology, neurological recovery, the emergency unit, and also functional and auxiliary areas: dietetics, administrative, statistics, etc. All the queried persons had to response to a 15 minutes questionnaire, where local and global comfort questions were asked, in addition to specific characteristics like gender, age etc. The results have shown high differences from one zone to another and more of that, high differences between the categories of personnel. Uncomfortable thermal sensations, lack of fresh air and important level of polluted air, noise or lack of space are just some of the problems met in hospital environment.


Since fast transients such as fast radio bursts (FRBs) are short-duration events, the telescope should require a wide instantaneous field of view $(\mathbf{FoV})$. Unlike traditional beam-scanning technology, this paper $\mathbf{p}$ roposes a new approach for transient radio target detection using focal-field feature matching. As for traditional phased array feed (PAF) telescope with few array elements, the features of focal-field distribution (FFD) are very limited. Exploiting the strong fitting ability of the neural networks, a generative adversarial networks (GANs)-based method is presented to reconstruct FFD features. Moreover, according to the abundant frequency characteristic of the FRBs, a multiple-frequency joint estimation is used to constrain the reconstruction. A shrunken Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST) model is utilized to verify the effectiveness of the method. The simulation results demonstrate that this approach can reconstruct the FFD effectively only using limited feeds and relative accurately estimate the transient position.


We have investigated two energetic particle events (28 keV - 145 keV) upstream of the earth's bow shock with two identical experiments of the Max-Planck-Institut/University of Maryland on ISEE-1 and ISEE-3. Close to the bow shock the particle distribution is more or less isotropic and indicates strong scattering of these particles in the upstream wave field. At ISEE-3 the particles move essentially scatter-free from the general bow shock direction. The temporal evolution of the particle bursts is discussed in terms of the interplanetary magnetic field topology and the scattering conditions.


Michael Faraday was born 200 years ago this month, on 22 september 1791, within a couple of miles of Savoy Place. Electrical engineers look on him as the patriarch of their profession, and the IEE has taken his name for its highest award and for its most prestigious lecture series


Note: Review of the book "Consumed in the city Observing tuberculosis at century's end / Paul Draus / 2004 / Temple University Press / 304 pp / ISBN: 1-59213-248-0 (hardcover) Reference EPFL-REVIEW-153345doi:10.1172/JCI24576 Record created on 2010-10-19, modified on 2017-05-12


First, the title of the book suggests that self-conversation is possible and, perhaps, has something to do with agency. As early as the fifth century B.C., Socrates characterizes thinking as "a talk which the soul has with itself about the objects under its consideration" (Plato, 1997, p. 210). This characterization does not exclude the idea that people can also think together in conversation with others, as Socrates often appears to do. In this characterization of thinking, a person can be in society with himself or herself and mull matters over through a back and forth discussion. Sociality may be a basic aspect of individual life and thought. I wonder if Doris would allow that self-conversation is a context in which the dialogic negotiation of values takes place. If not, in what way is this context lacking in the requisite sociality for embedded value formation? Second, if Doris is right that people develop their values through dialogue with others, what does this mean for the ethics of leading a good life? Should people more consciously and actively seek out others to converse with? Given humans' social nature, negotiating values with others will likely take place regardless. But, if we accept that our values are socially embedded and developed dialogically, and if we want to develop the best values we can, is it not imperative to take a directly active role in finding people to help us do this?


There are two basic unknowns in ATR: (1) target types, and (2) parametric representations of their occurrence (such as pose, location, thermal profile etc). This paper addresses the question: what metrics can be used: (1) for optimization in parameter space, and (2) for analyzing target recognition performance?


We propose an access control method based on the combination of two biometric recognitions: voice and face. In particular, our face recognition algorithm aims at determining a person's identity when he/she is involved in situations in which his/her face is rotated in a shoulder to shoulder trajectory, which is a common behavior on people with a stealth or intromission attitude. The other biometrics, the voice recognizer, allows us to confirm the prediction made by the face recognizer. Our method can be integrated into several systems, as it has been developed as a Web application and it does not require any special hardware, so it is highly flexible and multi-platform at the same time. Experiments reveal that our proposed method performs really well, as it gives 89% of accuracy, unlike traditional face recognition algorithms, which could not identify anyone, whose head presents a pronounced inclination.


Drawing on the marketing orientation and stakeholder literature streams, the authors define the concepts of market orientation (MO) and stakeholder orientation (SO) to explore their potential contribution to marketing. They discuss the potential contribution of each construct along with the similarities and differences that could be significant for marketing strategy. The MO construct focuses on customers and competitors and indirectly on other stakeholder groups. The SO construct does not designate any stakeholder group as more important than another, and the prioritization of stakeholders may change depending on the issue. As such, SO is more contingency based and is a function of contextual aspects surrounding the organization. The SO and MO constructs are not mutually exclusive; there is some overlap between them. The authors suggest further research to explore the most appropriate construct for firms to consider.


Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate and compare the effect of conventional and newer antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) on thyroid hormone levels in adult epileptic patients. Methods: A hospital-based , analytical cross-sectional study was conducted among the adult epileptic patients receiving conventional AEDs (Group 2) or newer AEDs (Group 3) for more than 6 months. Serum thyroid hormone levels including free triiodothyronine (fT 3 ), free thyroxine (fT 4 ), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) were analyzed and the hormonal status was compared with healthy control subjects (Group 1). Findings: Sodium valproate and phenytoin were commonly used conventional AEDs; levetiracetam and topiramate were common among the newer drugs. There was a statistically significant decrease in serum fT 4 and increase in serum TSH levels (P < 0.0001) in patients on long-term therapy with conventional antiepileptic agents than in the control group. No significant change in thyroid hormone levels (fT 3 , fT 4 , and TSH; P = 0.68, 0.37, and 0.90, respectively) was observed with newer antiepileptics-treated patients when compared to control group. One-way analysis of variance followed by post hoc Dunnett′s test was performed using SPSS version 17.0 software package. Conclusion: The present study showed that conventional AEDs have significant alteration in the thyroid hormone levels than the newer antiepileptics in adult epileptic patients.


We show that the Faddeev-Pyatov SL q ( N ) differential algebra [1] is a subalgebra of the GL q ( N ) differential algebra constructed by Schupp, Watts and Zumino [2]. In the paper [1], the bicovariant differential algebra on SL q ( N ) (see below (10), (11)) with generators { T ij , L ij , ˜Ω ij } i, j = 1 , . . . N has been constructed. The elements T ij are generators of the algebra F un ( SL q ( N )), while L ij generate a matrix of the right-invariant Lie derivatives on SL q ( N ) and the elements ˜Ω ij define the basis of the right-invariant differential 1-forms on SL q ( N ). It has been shown [1] that this algebra is consistent with imposing the conditions: where we use


Objective To analyze application effects of time nursing theory in the health education of patients with first-episode depression. Methods 120 cases of patients with first-episode depression were randomly divided into experimental group and control group,with 60 cases in each group,the experimental group was given time nursing,the control group was given conventional nursing.Anxiety,depression and sleep level and health knowledge level in two groups was evaluated respectively on the day of admission,first week,4 weeks. Results The SAS,SDS and Athens score after first week,SAS and Athens score after 4 weeks in experimental group was lower than that in control group respectively(P0.05).The health knowledge score in experimental group was significantly higher than that in control group,with statistical difference(t=8.929,P0.05). Conclusion The time nursing can effectively improve the clinical symptom of patients with first-episode depression,reduce the patient′s negative emotion,improve the quality of life,thus facilitating the recovery of patients.


This publication will give an overview of different voltage classes available in all kind of xEV (hybrid-, plug in hybrid-, and battery electric vehicle). What kind of power semiconductors should be used for what voltage class will be answered. The influence of different topologies at dedicated board net voltages on the selection for the power semiconductor will be explained.


For most of the twentieth century, including the 80-year period between 1912 and 1992, the existence of third-party or independent candidates did not prevent the Electoral College from producing majoritarian results consistent with the expectations of its Jeffersonian architects for how two-party competition was supposed to work. 1912 was anomalous for its three-way split among two Republican presidents, one incumbent and one former, running against the Democratic nominee; but its outcome was not clearly different from what the Jeffersonian system, operating properly, would have produced. 1992 involved another three-way split—among Bush, Clinton, and Perot—with a result that is uncertain from a Jeffersonian perspective, since it is debatable what the outcome would have been if there had been runoffs in the states to see which candidate was preferred by a majority. The century ended with an election, 2000, in which the system clearly malfunctioned; Nader's presence masked Gore's majority.


Abstract The Canadian Land Surface Scheme (CLASS) is tested for two major terrain types found in the northern Hudson Bay Lowland. Soil temperature and energy balance measurements for sedge fen wetland and dwarf willow‐birch forest near Churchill, Manitoba, are compared with simulations both with and without the new organic soil parametrization that has been developed for CLASS (Letts et al., 2000), for eight datasets spanning six years (1990 through 1995). With the exception of the sensible heat flux at the sedge site, the new version of CLASS with the organic soil parametrization improves the energy budget simulation at each of the research sites. Both the latent (QE) and ground (QG) heat flux were modelled well; however, some modifications were required to simulate the continued evaporation from these sites once the water table receded below the first soil layer. The sensible heat flux (QH) was the least well simulated component of the energy balance in both versions. Temperatures for the top two soil layers were consistently overestimated by the mineral soil parametrization for both terrain types, whereas the organic soil parametrization showed significant improvement. The new water table diagnostic algorithm in the organic soil version satisfactorily estimates the position of the water table, even under a large range of climatic conditions. The inclusion of organic soil parameters in CLASS, and the subsequent improved handling of soil moisture, is a significant contribution to model development, and provides a physically‐based capability for simulating northern peatlands within land surface models.


This work relates to the sustainable development goal (SDG) 6.2 which relates to access to adequate sanitation and hygiene. Raw sludge emptied on to drying beds inside greenhouses was carbonized from milled materials (faecal matter, saw dust, banana stalks and market waste) and a binder (molasses and faecal matter). Four percentages (25, 50, 75 and 100) were variedly used. The average calorific value of faecal matter was found to be 13.1MJ/kg with average moisture content of 9.1%, volatile matter of 2.2%, ash content of 48.3% and fixed carbon of 40.4%. Caloric values of market waste, sawdust, banana talk and human waste were respectively found to be 2.5, 2.7, 3.2 and 4.0. The briquettes and pellets showed no pathogens, concentration of heavy metals were insignificant. Mixture of sawdust and faecal matter took shorter duration to boil water compared to faecal matter mixed with other biomass materials.


Organogel copolymers of N-tertiary butyl acrylamide (in-house synthesized) and acrylic acid were made by free radical polymerization using N,N′-methylene bisacrylamide as cross-linker and different proportions of the comonomers. N-tertiary butyl acrylamide and the gels were characterized by spectroscopic analysis, swelling performances, morphological studies, and thermal analysis. Swelling performances of the different gels as a function of cross-link density of the gels, dipole characteristic, structure, and chemical composition of solvent were studied. Swelling and deswelling kinetics of the gels in some suitable solvents were also studied. An attempt has been made to utilize the deswelling characteristic of the swelled gels in slow and sustained release of volatiles as required in fire starters/fire gels or fragrance release. Swelling of the gel was maximum with 2 mol% of cross-linker beyond which, it decreased. It was also dependent on the H-bonding ability, dipole characteristic, chemical structure, and viscosity of the solvent. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Adv Polym Technol 2014, 33, 21387; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/adv.21387


The invention concerns a data exchange method between an interrogating device and plurality of transponder devices each provided with a distinct binary code and located in the magnetic field of the interrogating device. Said method consists in modifying the duration of the signals and/or the wave form of the signals emitted by each transponder device on the basis of the relationship between the transponder device and the ambient electromagnetic noise. The invention also concerns a device implementing said method.


The symptom of leaf blight of Dracaena sanderiana was described.Based on pathogenicity test and morphological characteristics,its pathogen is Fusarium solani(Mart) Sacc.The result of pathogen identification was first reported in China.The optimum temperature and pH for the growth of the mycelium were 25℃ and 7~9 respectively.Illumination had no effect on mycelia growth,but had effect on its color.The pathogen could utilize many sorts of carbon sources and nitrogen sources.The lethal temperature for the growth of the mycelium was 69℃.


The invention discloses a preparation method of a black waterborne polyurethane dye based on black chromophores in diols. The preparation method is characterized by comprising the following steps of enabling activated hydrogen in amino groups or hydroxyls contained in molecular structures of three black dyes to react with chloroethanol to obtain three black diols; then, combining the black diols with micromolecular diols, and partially or completely substituting the micromolecular diols; and next, reacting with diisocyanate, macromolecular diols and a hydrophilic chain extender to obtain the black waterborne polyurethane dye. By using the method, other micromolecular chain extenders can be partially or completely substituted with the black diols, so that solid content of an emulsion is wide in distribution range and adjustable, and the content of the black chromophores in a molecular chain of polyurethane can be controlled as required; and meanwhile, the black chromophores enter the molecular chain of the dye in a chemical bonding way, so that the characteristics of high temperature resistance, solvent resistance and migration resistance of a macromolecular dye can be sufficiently exerted, and the dye is good in durability, high in color fastness and good in safety.


 Social Media Intensity Scale, adapted for each Facebook, Twitter and Instagram (e.g. "Facebook is a part of my daily routine.", "I feel out touch when I haven`t logged into Twitter for a while.") Multiple regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the hypothesis that social media intensity and friends/followers are associated with narcissism and self-esteem. Each dependent variable (i.e., narcissism and self-esteem) was entered in separate analyses. Social media intensity (for each Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook), Social media followers (for each Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook), sex, and age were included in the model. ◦ The number of Instagram followers (b = .345, p < .001), Twitter followers (b = .205, p = .041) and Facebook friends (b = .257, p = .005) are positively associated with narcissism (Table 1).


Objective To understand the behavioral characteristics of the drug users and their HIV and syphilis infection status in Taizhou,provide evidence for the prevention and control of sexual transmitted diseases.MethodsFrom 2007 to 2009,serological tests were conducted among the drug users in Taizhou Drug Rehabilitation Center to detect HIV and syphilis antibodies and epidemiological survey was conduct to collect the data about their behaviors.The results were analyzed with SPSS 11.0 software.Results Of 1107 drug users,26.8% were injecting drug users(IDUs) and 3.4% of them reported sharing needle with others.The male to female ratio of the drug users was 4.08∶1.The majority of the drug users were from floating population(51.5%).The detection rates of HIV and syphilis antibodies were 0.73% and 4.27% respectively.Conclusion The HIV and syphilis infection rates among the drug users in Taizhou showed an upward trend in recent years.Injecting drug use and unprotected sex were prevalent among the drug users.It is necessary to take targeted intervention among them.


A broadband folded reflectarray antenna (FRA) is presented employing a novel single-layer cross-polarization conversion (CPC) subwavelength element in this letter. The proposed element has a very simple structure and consists of only a square ring resonator loaded with two splits, thereby realizing easy fabrication with low cost. By varying the length of the ring and mirroring the element, a 360° phase change range is achieved with low losses at the center frequency. These characteristics make the proposed configuration unique, as most of the reported FRA elements rely on complex and multilayer structures to realize the broadband CPC. Furthermore, an FRA using the proposed elements is designed and measured at 22 GHz. A good agreement between the simulated and measured results is obtained. The measured results demonstrate that the proposed FRA realizes a 1 dB gain bandwidth of 20.9% and a maximum aperture efficiency of 47.8%.


The article examines the problem of increasing the efficiency of virtual teams, a specific form of labor organisation in the digital economy. The relevance of remote team building of virtual teams is revealed. The essence of the remote team and team building is investigated. Based on the study of the results of empirical sociological research, the advantages and disadvantages of virtual teams are determined. The problem of remote team building technologies, team building methods at all stages of virtual team formation is raised. The main directions of the team leadership transformation are revealed. The problems faced by the leadership of virtual teams at differents stages of their formation, group dynamics are shown remote team-building tools for their resolution are suggested. The results of the article can be used in further research on the problems of organising teamwork in the digital economy, in developing proposals and recommendations for specialists in the field of personnel management for use in practice.


Fruits are good source of essential nutrients which is important for human nutrition. However, in view of their perishability and seasonality, fruits need to be processed in more shelf stable products to ensure their availability throughout the year. The current study was carried out to determine the effect of using sodium metabisulphite and lemon juice as pre-treatments on sensory quality attributes and extent of vitamin C degradation in dried pineapple, mango and banana fruit pieces. The sliced fruit pieces 5-8mm thick were dipped in 1% sodium metabisulphite and lemon juice solutions before being dried in a developed food drier with temperatures ranging from 40-45 o C for 10-16 hours. Vitamin C was determined before and after drying and subsequently evaluation of sensory quality attributes in terms of flavour, colour, texture and taste was performed using 10 trained panelists. Results showed that the use of pre-treatments reduced the vitamin C degradation with sodium metabisulphite registering the highest reduction and the control samples the lowest reduction. Furthermore, pre-treatments significantly affected (p<0.05) affected sensory quality attributes in different ways. However, texture was not affected by the use of pre-treatments. Pre-treated fruit samples had better colour than the control samples. It was further found out that control samples had higher scores in taste and flavour with the exception of pineapples, where the pre-treated samples had a higher score than the control samples.


The dynamic properties of closed-cell aluminum foams,closed-cell aluminum foams with single-sided steel plate and sandwich steel panel with foam aluminum were investigated by a split Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB),and the dynamic performances of the sandwich steel panel under the different strain rates were tested and analyzed.In the experiment,the better incident and transmitted waveforms were obtained by using incident wave shaper and semiconductor strain gauge,and the dynamic stress-strain curves of sandwich steel panel with foam aluminum were given.The tested results show that the sandwich steel panel with foam aluminum has good properties.


A polymeric photoinitiator (PTXP) containing in-chain thioxanthone (TX) and coinitiator amines was synthesized by step-growth polymerization, as well as low-molecular-weight model compounds. Photopolymerizations of methyl methacrylate (MMA) initiated by these photoinitiator systems were studied. Compared with corresponding low-molecular-weight model compounds, PTXP has a similar UV-vis spectrum with a red-shifted maximum absorption, and weaker fluorescence emission, and can photoinitiate the polymerization of MMA more effectively.


The utility model relates to a depth indicator for measuring depth of a blind hole, comprising a measuring head, a scale rod, a guide sleeve and a set screw, and being characterized in that the diameter of the measuring head is matched with the diameter of a reamed hole; the coordinating clearance is 0 to 0.5mm; a little groove is arranged on a cylinder outside the measuring head; a scale marked with a minimum interval of 0.5mm is marked on the scale rod; and the scale rod slides in the guide sleeve. The depth indicator for measuring depth of a blind hole can measure the depth of the reamed holes with different hold diameters by exchanging the measuring head, and solves the problem that the reamed hold cannot be measured because the reamed hold differs too little from the bottom hole diameter.


Abstract There exists a long-standing tradition of full-scale construction in the design studio at the Carleton University School of Architecture. The mantra "building as speculation" is explicitly evoked in varying studio and workshop contexts, ubiquitous within the fabric of the curriculum and design culture of the school. The value placed on 1:1 material engagement and construction techniques is qualified by an understanding of drawing (traditional and technological) as a form of critical, theoretical, and practical speculation. "Building speculations" at Carleton, in other words, are not constrained to conventional notions of design/build, but occur freely in the studio as a form of "sketching" or "modeling" that informs a wide range of design activities. Supported by a fully equipped metal and wood shop and photographic, video, and digital facilities, the "build" tradition at Carleton continues to adjust and transform according to the demands of architectural pedagogy.


Introduction Inflammation is key to plaque formation and rupture. Acute MI survivors have increased risk of further events, due to inflammation. Data on colchicine, an established anti-inflammatory, suggests a reduction in cardiovascular events by inflammatory attenuation. It may reduce complications post myocardial infarction (MI), but before this can be tested in a large randomised trial it's essential to establish feasibility, safety and tolerability. The CANTOS study used this strategy, demonstrating a monoclonal antibody targeting inflammation significantly reduced events in MI survivors with persistently elevated hs-CRP. CANTOS provides the best evidence to date that inflammatory suppression improves outcomes after acute MI. Monoclonal antibody treatment is costly and unlikely to suitable for widespread use with adverse events an issue. Methods This single centre double-blind randomised controlled trial recruited 238 patients following acute MI (table 1). Adherence was analysed by pill count. Adverse Events were assessed by acceptability questionnaire and laboratory surveillance. hs-CRP levels were measured at baseline and 30 days.Abstract 22 Table 1 Patient characteristics according treatment group Characteristic Total (n= 238) Colchicine (n= 121) Placebo (n= 117) Age in years, median (IQR) 61 (52–70) 61 (52–69) 61 (53–70) Male 182 90 92 Diabetes 53 27 26 Hypertension 112 64 48 Prior or current smoking 144 75 69 ST-elevation myocardial infarction 134 64 70 Previous myocardial infarction 36 18 18 Prior myocardial revascularization 27 13 14 Coronary angiogram during index admission 237 120 117 PCI during index admission 213 107 106 Aspirin 237 120 117 Second anti-platelet agent 233 117 116 Beta blocker 220 113 107 ACE inhibitor 224 116 108 Statin 234 117 117 Body mass index, median (IQR) 28 (26–30) 28 (25–30) 27 (26–30) Baseline haemoglobin, g/L 140 (131–151) 140 (133–151) 141 (128–151) Baseline white cell count, 9.0 (7.4–10.7) 8.9 (7.4–10.9) 9.2 (7.4–10.6) Baseline neutrophil count 6.0 (4.7–7.7) 5.7 (4.7–7.6) 6.1 (4.8–7.8) Baseline lymphocyte count 1.9 (1.5–2.4) 1.8 (1.5–2.4) 1.9 (1.5–2.3) Baseline creatinine 76 (68–86) 75 (68–88) 77 (69–84) Baseline estimated GFR Baseline creatine kinase 249 (112–832) 208 (108–590) 325 (116–920) Baseline high sensitivity CRP 7.4 (3.0–16.9) 7.5 (3.1–15.6) 7.3 (3.0–18.8)Abstract 22 Table 2 Adverse events, tolerability, acceptability of study procedures and concomitant medications at follow up Colchicine group (n= 113) Placebo group (n= 111) P-value Any adverse event 17 21 Re-admission to hospital 3 12 Adverse event not requiring hospitalisation 151 9 Gastrointestinal 12 6 Other2 3 3 Discontinued treatment 5 3 Took≥25 days of study treatment 104 103 Morisky Medication Adherence score Willing to continue with study medication Other medications being taken at follow up3 Aspirin 112 (99%) 109 (100%)3 Second anti-platelet agent 108 (96%) 108 (99%)3 Statin 109 (96%) 107 (98%)3 Beta-blocker 107 (95%) 107 (98%)3 ACE inhibitor or ARB 106 (94%) 104 (95%)3 Results 238 were randomised with 219 completing protocol. 8% ceased trial medication prematurely or were lost to follow up. 9 patients suffered GI issues (7 on colchicine) with basic laboratory analysis normal. At 30 day follow up, median hsCRP in the colchicine arm was 1.5 mg/L vs 2.0 mg/L in placebo (p=0.08). Absolute reduction in hsCRP levels in colchicine arm was −4.5 mg/L vs −3.3 mg/L in placebo (p=0.29). Relative reduction was 78% (colchicine) compared to a placebo 64% (p=0.06). 44% in treatment arm had a hsCRP level ≥2 mg/L at 30 days compared to 51%-placebo (p=0.28). Conclusion No significant reduction in the median level of hsCRP was observed but all were lower in colchicine arm, consistent with prior data. The totality of evidence supports the need for a large-scale outcome trial in patients with recent MI. The current study demonstrates the safety, tolerability of colchicine confirming that patients already receiving many other drugs, find further medication acceptable.