As the shortage of energy resources and the deterioration of the ecological environment continue to intensify, distributed energy is an indispensable part of the future energy system. Distributed energy sources such as solar energy, wind energy, photovoltaics, etc., which are in line with the "dual carbon" goal, have low pollution, high efficiency, and high operational reliability, and will initially become an important source of power supply. However, there are many problems with distributed energy transactions in the traditional electricity market. With the continuous expansion of distributed energy transactions and the continuous increase of information and data, the clearing process has become very cumbersome. For the electricity supplier and consumer, there are problems in the electricity market transaction that the transaction volume caused by power loss does not match the actual received volume, and users do not obtain information in a timely manner. At present, most distributed transaction processes lack a central supervision mechanism. How to confirm and verify various information of both parties to the transaction to ensure transaction security is an urgent problem that needs to be resolved. This article proposes a centralized transaction method based on blockchain technology. Both parties of electricity purchase and sale write data to the blockchain through the blockchain client. After the block link receives the quotation submitted by the user, it will match and settle the two parties through continuous bilateral transactions to realize the centralized transaction clearing of distributed energy. The method proposed in this paper improves the efficiency of distributed energy transactions, and at the same time ensures that the information is authentic and cannot be tampered with.


The main purpose of this paper is to present and analyze the European Court of Human Rights Judgment on the question of violation of human rights regarding language and script use in Transnistrian schools. This research is important in the field of globalization and cultural differences because it studies the intercourse between the legal issues and the political implications of an ECtHR decision towards Transnistria – a hot spot on the international relations map since 1991. This paper wants to bring a deeper approach regarding the question of language and script use in the Republic of Moldova which was the core of the dispute between the left and the right bank of the Nistru river that later turned into the armed conflict in Transnistria. The method used was to put into historical context the Courts' decision of major importance on the Catan and Others v. Moldova and Russia case. Following the presentation and interpretation of the historical background of the language and alphabet issues in Moldova this work underlines the dynamics of the direct connection that exists between international politics, international law and regional crisis. This paper may elicit a more analytical interest for research groups interested in the conflict in Transnistria, the language dispute in Moldova and in international jurisprudence regarding the right to education, but it can also be useful to European or regional political decisional factors engaged in the peaceful conflict resolution. The key contribution of this paper consists of emphasizing the political implications of an ECtHR decision regarding the Republic of Moldova and the conflict in Transnistria.


A Decision Tree algorithm (DTA) from data is created using construction criteria and considering also the don't care attributes, for each level of the tree. The DTA goal is to create on-demand a short and accurate decision tree from either data or a stable (or dynamically changing) set of rules . A set of steps provides a decision tree with definite number of nodes and leaves. The pruning of decision rules case is also examined with the consequences on the accuracy. An improved version of DTA (IDTA) provides smaller DT and eliminates branches by using the criterion of less length (CLL).


This overview paper outlines the value of real-time 3D engines for pre-visualization. Pre-visualization is a standard tool during pre-production of many modern film productions. First, the parallels between the two increasingly digitized technologies are discussed. Second, the paper outlines the special needs and problems posed by pre-visualization. It argues that animation control and camera control are the two main areas that need to be addressed. Finally, it presents a range of experiments that provide different practical approaches to these two core questions and utilize available game technology. The approach of these tests was to keep the rendering real-time -- "liquid" -- as long as possible. This follows original machinima-like production pipelines. Ultimately, the here presented prototypes illustrate the value of real-time game engines for pre-visualization as well as still prevailing limitations.


Relativistic current induced torques and devices utilizing antiferromagnets have been independently considered as two promising new directions in spintronics research. Here we report electrical measurements of the torques in structures comprising a $\sim1$~nm thick layer of an antiferromagnet IrMn. The reduced N\'eel temperature and the thickness comparable to the spin-diffusion length allow us to investigate the role of the antiferromagnetic order in the ultra-thin IrMn films in the observed torques. In a Ta/IrMn/CoFeB structure, IrMn in the high-temperature phase diminishes the torque in the CoFeB ferromagnet. At low temperatures, the antidamping torque in CoFeB flips sign as compared to the reference Ta/CoFeB structure, suggesting that IrMn in the antiferromagnetic phase governs the net torque acting on the ferromagnet. At low temperatures, current induced torque signatures are observed also in a Ta/IrMn structure comprising no ferromagnetic layer.


ABSTRACT This article proposes a new extragradient solution method for strongly pseudomonotone variational inequalities. A detailed analysis of the iterative sequences' convergence and of the range of applicability of the method is provided. Moreover, an interesting class of strongly pseudomonotone infinite dimensional variational inequality problems is considered.


The problem of robust stability analysis for time-delayed neural networks with nonlinear disturbance is investigated via Lyapunov stability theory. By constructing suitable Lyapunov functional and using matrix transformation, sufficient conditions on robust asymptotic and exponential stability of time-delayed neural networks with nonlinear disturbance are developed. All the stable criteria in this paper are presented in terms of linear matrix inequality


Dimanganese decacarbonyl (Mn2(CO)10) initiates the radical polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) in the presence of a variety of organic halides including C6H5CH2Br, Me2C(Br)CO2Et, BrCH2C(Br)CH2, and ClCH2C(Cl)CH2 in toluene at 60−90 °C. When using allylic halides (e.g., BrCH2C(Br)CH2 or BrCH2C(CO2Me)CH2), the number-average molecular weights and molecular weight distributions of the PMMA were both low and relatively narrow. The production of relatively low molecular weight polymers when using allylic halides could be explained by an addition-fragmentation chain-transfer mechanism and this is supported by end-group analysis.


Motion data acquisition and transmission technology is widely used in VR field. In recent years, with the development of related technologies, its application in the VR field has become increasingly perfect. In this regard, this paper will give a detailed overview of the relevant sports data collection methods and transmission technology, including the technology and principle of riding speed, human heart rate and turning angle, as well as the wired transmission technology and wireless transmission technology suitable for VR field, such as Bluetooth and WIFE data transmission technologies. In addition, this paper summarizes the methods and technologies in the existing literature, and compares the performance of these technologies. Finally, the shortcomings and future research trends of motion data acquisition and transmission technology for VR are summarized.


The anomalous origin of the right coronary artery as a branch of the left anterior descending artery is a very rare variation of single coronary artery with an incidence of 0.009%, in such cases; the RCA originates from the proximal or mid-portion of the LAD artery. So far only 40 cases have been reported in which the RCA originates from the LAD. We here introduce a case report of patient with a single left coronary artery associated anomalous origin of the RCA from the LAD.


This new edition of Richard Pring's successful Philosophy of Educational Research offers a comprehensive introduction to policy debates and developments in education whilst encouraging deep philoso...


the use of Hydroxybenzoesaureamiden of formula (I) described in which R and R and n is 1 or 2; their salts and mixtures thereof to mask or reduce the unpleasant taste impression of an unpleasantly tasting substance.


This study evaluates the physical properties of 57 clays from four drainages in the Carolina Piedmont and Coastal Plain as part of a larger endeavor to identify the sources of raw materials used to make prehistoric pottery recovered from sites in the North Carolina Sandhills. Performance and replication experiments were conducted to assess the suitability of each clay sample for making coilbuilt, conical-based pots. The results of these experiments suggest that Sandhills pottery was fashioned from non-local clays obtained from neighboring regions. These results inform interpretations regarding patterns of mobility and exchange in the Sandhills during the Woodland period. This is the second of two related papers that use ceramic analysis to address mobility and resource utilization in the North Carolina Sandhills during the Woodland period (ca. 1500 B.C. – A.D. 1600). The first paper (Smith and Herbert 2004 here link to web page) compared the chemical and mineral constituents of prehistoric pottery from sites in the Sandhills and three surrounding Piedmont and Coastal Plain regions in an effort to identify possible source locations of resources used to make Sandhills pottery. While this compositional comparison of artifacts does suggest that people may have transported pottery into the Sandhills from other regions, it cannot rule out the alternative possibility that variation in local clay and temper sources accoun for the relatively variable composit of Sandhills pottery. Nor can comparison of archaeological pott help us understand why particular resources, be they local or non-local, were selected by people in the first place (N ts ion


In the present work, antioxidant activity and antimicrobial activity of Morpholinyl-4H-1,4-benzothiazines was investigated. Free radical scavenging activity was evaluated using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH).For antimicrobial activity, Morpholinyl-4H-1,4-benzothiazines were tested for its potent antimicrobial activity against bacteria, Bacillus alkalophilus (MTCC NO=7913), Bacillus subtilis (MTCC NO=411), Bacillus flexus (MTCC NO=7024), Bacillus subtilis (MTCC NO=121), Bacillus subtilis (MTCC NO=1305) as well as their antifungal activity against Aspergillus Nigrum, Aspergillus Flexus. Thus from the results, it has been found that morpholinyl- 4H-1,4-benzothiazines consider as bioactive compounds.


Because of inflation and supply shortages, managements increasingly have had to consider product reformulation as a means of keeping production costs down and retail prices competitive. An analytical approach is presented for estimating the market sizes for current and proposed new formulations of a product or brand. The analysis suggests fundamental issues that should be considered in the design and interpretation of research relevant to the reformulation decision, such as taste tests, announcement of the formulation change, and simulated shopping situations.


In response to oxidative damage resulting from overproduction of reactive oxygen species, plants have developed complex and efficient antioxidant machinery. The aims of this research were to measure composts used as stress indicators, quantifying non-enzymatic compounds and activities of antioxidant enzymes, and to explain probable differences between two species of the gender Eucalyptus exposed to low and high aluminium. The experiment employed a factorial that was entirely randomised, with two species ( Eucalyptus platyphylla and E. grandis ) combined with aluminium concentrations (and 0.08 and 1.60 mM Al, which are described as low and high Al, respectively). This study revealed that the E. platyphylla presented intense modifications on malondialdehyde and electrolyte leakage in leaf and root, being also detected increases to oxidized glutathione, reduced glutathione and total glutathione. In addition, E. platyphylla had strong accumulations linked to superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, while E. grandis were detected minor alterations to both tissues. In relation to superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and peroxidase were showed similar behaviours, with higher activities in E. grandis , if compared to E. platyphylla . Therefore, is possible to conclude that E. grandis is more tolerant to aluminium due to minor production of reactive oxygen species and decreased alterations on stress indicators. Concomitantly, the antioxidant enzymes effectively contribute to reduce the oxidative stress generated in root and leaf of E. grandis exposed to high aluminium.


In the evaluation of the patient with chest pain, the electrocardiogram (ECG) is an invaluable tool, assisting the physician in establishing certain diagnoses, selecting both appropriate therapies and inpatient disposition locations, and predicting risk of complication and death. The 12 lead ECG, however, is a less than perfect indicator of acute myocardial infraction (AMI), particularly when used early in the course of the acute ischaemic event. The sensitivity of a single 12 lead ECG for the diagnosis of AMI is relatively poor. For example, one report examined the initial ECG in a group of adult patients with chest pain, all of whom were subsequently proved to have had an AMI.1 Fewer than 50% of these patients demonstrated ST segment elevation on their initial ECG; the remaining patients manifested a variety of ischaemic changes, including ST segment depression and T wave inversion. In 30% of these patients the initial ECG was normal or showed non-specific changes only. This same study showed that ST segment depression was a poor indicator of AMI; fewer than 50% of those patients who presented with isolated precordial ST segment depression were subsequently shown to have had an AMI. It has been suggested that the sensitivity of the 12 lead ECG may be improved if three additional body surface leads are employed in selected individuals.2' Acute posterior and right ventricular myocardial infarction are likely to be underdiagnosed, as the standard lead placement of the 12 lead ECG does not allow these areas to be assessed directly.4 Additional leads frequently used include leads V8 and V9 which image the posterior wall of the left ventricle and lead RV4 which reflects the status of the right ventricle. The standard ECG coupled with these additional leads constitute the 15 lead ECG, the most frequently employed extra lead in clinical practice. The use of the additional leads may not only confirm the presence of AMI but also provide a more accurate reflection of the true extent of myocardial damage.5 The following case reports demonstrate the use of the 15 lead ECG in clinical practice.


Igneous compositions that require the presence of a phase more aluminous than biotite are here designated as strongly peraluminous (Ps). Such compositions are common but subordinate in felsic rocks and exceedingly rare in more mafic rocks. The term S-type has been applied to many igneous rocks based largely or even solely upon their Ps compositions, neglecting or placing less emphasis on other criteria for sedimentary parentage in Chappell and White's I- and S-type classification system. The S-type designation was in fact initially restricted to granites which were thought to have been derived from a chemically mature (strongly weathered-pelitic, shaly) source. Application of Chappell's and White's criteria, together with others based upon isotopic and phase equilibria considerations, leads to the following conclusions about Ps igneous rocks worldwide: (1) very few Ps rocks are derived entirely from pelitic sources; (2) a majority are derived largely from intermediate to felsic crustal sources, including both immature sedimentary rocks (e.g., metagraywackes) and metaigneous rocks; and (3) some are the products of partial melting of metaluminous mafic (crustal or subcrustal) sources-Ps compositions of such magmas may be a primary feature or a result of fractional crystallization.


Many scientists have been studied diversity for many years,but it is also a focus of controversy.However,after studies on the diversity for a long time,there are still differences in the diversity.On the basis of the data of long-time enclosed grassland,we analysed the diversity.The results showed that evenness plays a major role for the change of diversity;There are relationship between diversity and productivity,productivity increases with the diversity increase between,but when diversity reaches a certain value,the productivity declines;There are relationship between diversity d and stability.At the initial stage of the study,the relationship between the stability and diversity is negative.


HISTORY OF SCIENCE OUTLINES A TEMPORARY ORDER IN WHICH THE EVOLUTION OF THE DISCIPLINES AND EVEN THAT OF THEIR SPECIALTIES HAS CULMINATED IN THEIR SCIENTIFIC MATURITY, AS WELL AS AN ORDER IN WHICH THEIR THEORIES HAVE ATTAINED PRECISION IN EXPLAINING AND PREDICTING THEIR PHENOMENA. THIS ORDER CAN BE SEEN TO CORRESPOND TO THE COMPLEXITY OF THE EVENTS WHICH ARE STUDIED BY EACH FIELD, AND AT PRESENT BOTH MATURITY AND PRECISION ARE DISTINCTIVE IN THE NATURAL SCIENCES ONLY. THE SOCIAL DISCIPLINES REMAIN TODAY IN A PRE-PARADIGMATIC, PRE-SCIENTIFIC STAGE OF DEVELOPMENT "RESEARCH COMMUNITIES DISAGREEING EVEN ON THE NATURE OF SOCIAL FACTS. METHODOLOGICAL DUALISM CLAIMS THAT THE NATURAL WORLD EXHIBITS UNIFORMITY AND UNIVERSAL LAWS, BUT HUMAN EVENTS CAN AT BEST BE COMPREHENDED AND INTERPRETED ON A CASE BY CASE BASIS; WHILE METHODOLOGICAL MONISM ATTEMPTS TO DISCERN AND EXPLAIN REGULARITIES THROUGH THE TESTING OF HYPOTHESES WITH CAUSAL MODELS, METHODOLOGICAL THOROUGHNESS AND FINDINGS THAT CAN BE GENERALIZED AND REPLICATED. ACCORDINGLY, IN LINE WITH THE SECOND POINT OF VIEW, FACTS AND REGULARITIES IN MANAGEMENT AND ECONOMICS WHICH CAN BE ESTABLISHED WITH CERTAINTY AND VALIDITY FOR ALL ARE DISCUSSED IN THIS PAPER. AND IT IS ALSO SHOWN HOW THE DETERMINANTS OF DIFFERENT SOCIAL PHENOMENA CAN BE DEFINED BY ANALYSES EX ANTE, INCLUDING THOSE WHOSE VARIABLES ARE NOT SUSCEPTIBLE OF QUANTIFICATION


Recently, the applications of real time multi-media for broadband wireless access (BWA) systems have become more and more popular. One of the major challenges in transmitting real time multi-media data in BWA systems is that the bit rate of the video traffic varies from time to time, and hence the bandwidth utilization is low. The conventional uplink scheduling algorithms for variable bit rate (VBR) video traffic transmission in IEEE 802.16 BWA systems have some disadvantages, including waste of uplink bandwidth, MAC overhead, and access delay. To cope with the difficulties, we propose an enhanced uplink scheduling algorithm for VBR video traffic transmission for IEEE 802.16 BWA systems. In our proposed algorithm, the base station (BS) assigns uplink bandwidth to the video user by considering the traffic state transitions. We equally divided the uplink bandwidth into several intervals and each interval represents a traffic state. Only when the traffic state is changed, the bandwidth request process is incurred. Also, by using two reserved bits in the generic MAC header of IEEE 802.16 BWA systems as piggyback bits, the information of video traffic state transition can be sent to the BS without extra overhead. With QualNet 4.0, simulation results show that the extra bandwidth consumption of our proposed algorithm is less than that of the conventional algorithms. That is, our proposed algorithm outperforms the conventional algorithms for VBR video traffic transmission in IEEE 802.16 BWA systems.


Abstract Purpose The aim of this study was to investigate compassion fatigue (CF) and compassion satisfaction (CS) in nursing care providers in COVID‐19 units. Methods A mixed‐method study with 105 nurses. Results 23% of participants reported high CF risk while 77% expressed high to moderate potential for CS. Adequate preparation/education, clear and accountable leadership, and team sharing of feelings, experiences, and responsibilities during the transition in the COVID‐19 unit helped participants to deal with overwhelming anxiety which if unattended could bring about frustration and long‐lasting feelings of powerlessness. Practical Implications In the face of the present and future pandemics, there is a clear need to prepare healthcare organizations and nursing care providers to cope with the emotional content of public health emergencies while protecting themselves and avoid absorbing unmanageable emotions.


In recent past, the prescription of bed rest was common practice in medical care, being indicated to patients with a wide range of health conditions. Despite lack of empirical evidence, it was believed that reducing metabolic demand could facilitate recovery by favouring delivery of oxygen and metabolic resources to the malfunctioning body site/organ. However, overwhelming evidence from clinical trials proved the contrary by showing that even short periods of bed rest can lead to serious complications including loss of cardiovascular and muscle function, both associated with poor outcomes (Creditor, 1993). Deterioration of skeletal muscle capacity (i.e. loss of muscle mass and strength) is one of the first manifestations and is particularly worrying in older individuals, who are more prone to hospitalization and less physically active than the young. It therefore becomes important to understand whether the effects of bed rest differ between young and older individuals, so that therapeutic strategies can be tailored to each particular age group. Although it is assumed that older individuals experience exacerbated muscle loss after bed rest, the study by Tanner et al. (2015) in The Journal of Physiology reports the first direct comparison between age groups. The authors aimed to verify age-dependent differences in muscle loss, protein synthesis and catabolic signalling in response to a 5 day bed rest protocol, and potential rescue by a rehabilitation programme. Well-controlled protocols complemented by molecular analyses make the study attractive, but some limitations deserve attention. Young (18–35 years old) and older (60–75 years) adults of both sexes and matched for baseline characteristics were recruited and underwent five continuous days of bed rest, in a protocol designed to simulate hospitalization procedures. This strategy brings the protocol closer to a clinical scenario; however, the good health status of participants impedes full extrapolation of the findings, mainly because hospitalized patients have additional health complications that may influence skeletal muscle response. On the other hand, a healthy cohort excludes the interference of confounding factors contributing to muscle loss. X-ray absorptiometry revealed significant loss of leg lean mass and 16% reduction in knee extensor strength in older volunteers after bed rest, while young participants displayed preserved values. Muscle protein synthesis after amino acid ingestion was disrupted after bed rest only in older subjects. This is consistent with results on skeletal muscle mass and strength, and helps explain the different response between groups. Although the young cohort appeared to be protected in this short bed rest protocol when compared to the older group, several studies employing longer resting periods demonstrated skeletal muscle loss in young adults (LeBlanc et al. 1992). Overall, these findings indicate that the time course of muscle disuse is delayed in younger individuals. In a second arm of the study, the authors aimed to investigate the effects of a rehabilitation programme starting after bed rest. High-intensity eccentric exercise sessions followed by protein supplementation were performed every other day under supervision. In follow-up examinations after rehabilitation, muscle mass returned to pre-bed rest levels in older individuals and was increased above baseline in the young cohort. This might be explained by the fact that the latter did not experience muscle loss after bed rest and not necessarily by different responses in young and older groups to the rehabilitation programme. Isometric strength post-rehabilitation returned to baseline in both groups. Although the authors interpret the observed muscle recovery as an effect of the exercise programme, this conclusion would have been further supported by including a control group not receiving the exercise intervention after bed rest. This comparison would account for the effects of muscle reloading ('reambulation'), when individuals return to spontaneous ambulatory activity. In fact, muscle recovery after 4 months of bed rest was observed in young subjects within 8 weeks of reambulation, without exercise training (LeBlanc et al. 1992). However, since older adults have an impaired ability to regain muscle tissue after disuse (Suetta et al. 2013), the interpretation by Tanner et al. is certainly plausible. However, direct evidence will be required to allow for a robust conclusion regarding the effects of exercise. A particular strength of the study is the evaluation of intracellular signalling. While extensive evidence in animal models of muscle unloading is available, human data are scarce, making this study an important contribution to the literature. To gain insights on key molecules involved in protein turnover, Tanner et al. evaluated several targets in vastus lateralis biopsies collected before and after bed rest and rehabilitation. Their data demonstrate for the first time that increases in MAFBX expression and LC3II/I ratios, well accepted markers of protein degradation, are more pronounced in older compared with young volunteers after bed rest. While nutrient-induced protein synthesis was blunted only in older participants post-bed rest, mTORC1 signalling displayed a similar response between groups, suggesting that the time span between mTORC1 signalling and manifestations in protein synthesis is shorter in older adults. Therefore the accelerated muscle loss observed in the older group probably resulted from a combination of reduced nutrient-induced protein synthesis and increased protein degradation. The study is associative by necessity and extrapolation of causal mechanisms is derived from studies in rodents. In this regard, the so-called 'atrogenes' MAFBX and MURF1 attract special attention because mice lacking these factors display attenuated muscle atrophy upon catabolic stimuli or ageing (Hwee et al. 2014), raising the hypothesis that inhibiting


Carbon nanotube field effect transistors (CNTFETs) have great advantages over the conventional Si MOSFETs because of their high transconductance and large current driving capability. However, CNTFETs exhibit a large hysteresis in the I/sub D/-V/sub GS/ characteristics. W. Kim et al. have reported that the water molecules on the device surface are the origin of the large hysteresis, which can be suppressed by surface passivation using PMMA. In our experiments, however, the reproducibility was quite poor. In this study, we have statistically studied the hysteresis and the passivation process. The reproducibility of the passivation has been improved by introducing cleaning process before the PMMA passivation.


Because some parameters are uncertain in loading system of electro-hydraulic load simulator, the controller designed by classical control theory has disadvantages such as dependency on model and weak robustness. Robust controller is designed by mixed sensitivity H∞ approach through choosing suitable weighted functions. It's solved through linear matrix inequality algorithm. It's testified by experiments that robust controller can satisfy robust stability and robust performance when spring stiffness changes. It also can eliminate superfluous force and improve passive loading performance with compensation of structure invariance principle.


Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is an important source of three‐dimensional volumetric data in clinical orthodontics. Due to the progress in the technology of CBCT, for orthodontic clinical diagnosis, treatment and follow‐up, it supply much more reliable information compared to conventional radiography. But it carries both risks and benefits in orthodontics and the principal risks and limitations include ionizing radiation, the presence of artifacts, higher cost, limited accessibility, and the need for additional training. However, this imaging modality has several recognized indications in orthodontics, such as the assessment of impacted and ectopic teeth, assessment of pharyngeal airway, assessment of mini-implant sites, evaluation of craniofacial abnormalities, evaluation of sinus anatomy or pathology, evaluation of root resorption, evaluation of the cortical bone plate, and orthognathic surgery planning and evaluation. CBCT is particularly justified when it brings a benefit to the patient or changes the outcome of the treatment when compared with conventional imaging techniques.


This paper tries to analyse the ethical purpose of the poetics of dialogue used by Boethius in the Consolatio Philosophiae. After putting in context the work of Boethius in the traditions of Late-Antique and Christian dialogue, it presents the various faces of dialogue at work and finally focuses on the symbolical use of the dialogue form, in connection with the Neoplatonic theory and the material conditions of the work's composition.


This is an interesting and well illustrated pocket-book dealing with problems related to injuries from venomous animals living in Australia. It is a practical guide with technical information addressed to physicians and paramedical staff, as well as to common people. Therefore, there is no detailed information about the molecular components of the venoms, although the main symptoms, both topical and systemic, are described. While very readable for the non-expert, this guide presents the practical knowledge and experience of people who have been major contributors to this field of health care. The book consists of nine sections, mostly devoted to descriptions of the venomous animals. Pages 1-10 (sections 1 and 2) concern first aid and some clinical aspects of injuries and their treatment with antivenoms. The following pages (11-125; sections 3-9) describe 64 venomous species, grouped by heterogeneous criteria, broadly taxonomic or environmental. The species in sections 3-5 are clustered taxonomically: snakes (pp. 11-52), hymenopteran insects (pp. 53-60) and other arthropods (pp. 61-76), respectively. Section 6 (pp. 77-82) is miscellaneous, since it deals with other arthropods together with the native prototherian platypus, since they are "land creatures". Section 7 (pp. 83-94) includes sea invertebrates: seven cnidarian species and a mollusc (octopus). Section 8 (pp. 97-117) is systematically homogeneous, clustering 15 teleost (bony) fishes provided with stinging spines. Section 9 (pp. 119-125) discusses cartilaginous fishes and molluscs, grouped as "other sea creatures". Each species is described in its own box, which contains essential data on biology and anatomy as well as references to first aid (red key colour, see section 1) and antivenoms (light-blue key colour, see section 2). Animal biologists will find the species clustering bizarre, while toxicologists might criticise the first sections which lack information about the composition of the venoms. However, many people will appreciate the advice contained in this small book: how to avoid venomous bites and stings or, if necessary, how to counteract the effects of a venom.


Though crack detection is an indispensable task to ensure the safety of various infrastructures, it is often hard to fully and accurately detect cracks due to their complex background noises as well as long and sharp topological features. To solve this problem, we proposed a network that combines Enhanced Convolution and Dynamic Feature Fusion (ECDFFNet) to improve its overall performance in both capturing long-range dependencies and focus on the local details. In this proposed network, the conventional convolution is replaced by an enhanced one, and a strip mixed convolutional module is embedded in the last two stages of its convolution layers, forming the Enhanced Convolution. Multi-scale information can greatly benefit the crack detection task if they are well fused. Current methods assign a fixed weight to the different scale features regardless of the differences between the local details and semantics. We proposed a Dynamic Feature Fusion (DFF) strategy to the adaptive fusion of different scale features. Extensive experiments on color crack image datasets, i.e., Crack500, CFD, and DeepCrack, show that the proposed model achieved ODS (Optimal Dataset Scale) values of 0.788, 0.863 and 0.872, respectively, and maintained a fast speed of 6 FPS on average in the DeepCrack Dataset. Compared with SegNet, HED, RCF, U-Net, U-HDN, DeepCrack, FPHBN, and DeepCrackT, the proposed method made improvements by 11.5, 8.3, 7, 4.9, 0.5, 4.7, 5.6, and 2.6 respectively, in ODS values.


Trauma is the leading cause of death between the ages of 1 to 44. A large number of these deaths occur within days of the arrival of the patient at the hospital. Accurate prediction of the outcomes of trauma patients and the identification of a few key predictors would be highly valuable. In this paper we focus on (1) the prediction of mortality within any given time frame after arrival, and (2) the selection of key predictors. We consider that patients have both static and temporal data, and that a large number of missing values is inevitable in this type of dataset. We propose a novel mortality prediction model, which extends the logistic regression with elastic net to accommodate large numbers of missing values as well as highly-correlated time-course data. Specifically, we formulate the prediction of mortality as a logistic regression with elastic net regularization by employing static data and all temporal measurements up to the current time. We include an impact function in the weights of each group of time measurements to reduce the correlation across different time points. The impact function is a function of time, which can be adjusted to emphasize earlier or later measurements. We also include a scaled missing value indicator function, which allows us to accommodate variable numbers of missing values. Our method preserves the sparsity property of the elastic net while extending its applicability to time course data with numerous missing values. We compare our method to unmodified logistic regression with elastic net run on either the first or the last time point measurements in the dataset.


Objective To study the effect of extended-interval dosing regimen of gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist(GnRH-a) in the treatment of adenomyosis and endometriosis.Methods Sixty patients suffering from adenomyosis and endometriosis were randomly divided into two groups, extended-interval dosing (study group) and convention dosing(control group).Patients were treated with intramuscular injection of triptorelin 3.75 mg either every 6 weeks of totally four doses regimen(study group) or every 4 weeks of six doses regimen(control group). The changes in the degree of dysmenorrhea and uterine volume were investigated.The level of sexual hormone was also detected both before and after therapy.Results After six months of therapy,the reliving rate of dysmenorrheal was 100% both in the new and convention regimen. The uterine volume was reduced by 37.6% and 39.2%. The level of LH,FSH and E2 significantly decreased(P0.001). The E2 level was reduced to the postmenopausal level. The hormone profile of study group was similar to that of control group(P0.05).Conclusion The use of extended-interval dosing regimen of triptorelin depot in adenomyosis and endometriosis results in a consistent hypoestrogenised state,which is similar to that achieved by conventional regimen. The new regimen significantly reduces the cost of treatment.


Since 1998, the share of farmworkers who have migrated to the US for work has fallen from around 50 to 18 percent, with farmers now often struggling to find workers. In new research, Maoyong Fan, Susan Gabbard, Anita Alves Pena, and Jeffrey M. Perloff investigate this fall in the number of migrants. They find that governmental and economic changes in the United States and Mexico have made immigration less attractive, and that demographic changes have made farm workers less willing to migrate.


Plasmonic trapping has attracted significant attention because of its applicability to nanoparticle manipulations such as single-molecule trapping and quantum-dot sorting. In this presentation, we report super-resolution trapping where nanoparticles are optically manipulated in nanoscale space smaller than the diffraction limit [1]. We performed two-dimensional mapping of optical trapping potentials experienced by a 100-nm dielectric particle above a plasmon resonant gold nanoblock pair with a gap of several nanometers. The experimental results demonstrated that the potentials have nanometer-sized spatial structures that reflect the near-field landscape of the nanoblock pair. When an incident polarization parallel to the pair axis is rotated by 90°, a single potential well turns into multiple potential wells separated by a distance of approximately 230 nm (<λ/2). We show that the trap stiffness can be enhanced by approximately 3 orders of magnitude compared to that with conventional far-field trapping. In addition, we propose new concept for controlling spatial profiles of gap-mode localized plasmonic fields toward the flexible nanomanipulation. We theoretically and experimentally show that the field distributions within hot spots are formed by constructive and destructive interferences of dipolar, quadrupolar, and higher-order multipolar plasmonic modes, which can be drastically altered by adjusting parameters of the excitation optical system [2-4]. Optical switching of hot spots separated by an 80-nm distance is also demonstrated using a double-nanogap plasmonic structure.


The modulation of oxygen vacancies in ZnO epilayers and its effect on optical band gap have been investigated. The evolution of band gap is correlated with the oxygen vacancy variations induced by readily varying reactive oxygen partial pressure. The oxygen vacancy increased with the decreased oxygen partial pressure, accompanied with a red shift of absorption band edge and of ultraviolet emission peak. The optical band gap was roughly linear dependent on reactive oxygen partial pressure. The band gap narrowing is attributed to the overlap of the nonlocalized oxygen vacancy states with valence band.


Background: Neonatal sepsis is a serious problem causing high mortality in neonates. Neonatal sepsis has 2 type's early onset neonatal sepsis which develop before 72 hours, and late onset neonatal sepsis which develop after 72 hours of birth. Methodology: This study aimed at assessing pediatric nurses' knowledge about neonatal sepsis. The sample size: was the total coverage consists of 30 nurses" which is the available number of pediatric nurses at the hospital during the study. The data collected: by using questionnaire and check list designed for the purpose of the study, and the data analyzed by using "SPSS". The result showed: (86.7%) of nurses knew the main cause of sepsis and mode of transmission of neonatal sepsis. Only (.16.7%) knew the prevention of neonatal sepsis, the nurses showed excellent performance (100%) advices mothers for cleaning. The study concluded the nurses have good knowledge and an excellent performance.


This paper reported the fabrication and the test results of the high temperature superconducting (HTS) magnet developed for the aluminum billet heater for aluminum extrusion processing. In this magnet, the HTS coils were combined with iron cores, because the required magnetic field in the working region was about 1T. Two HTS coils wound directly on the convex shape iron cores were fabricated. The HTS coils were made by the no-insulation winding of REBCO tape with the YOROI-coil technique. Each of them was separately installed in an individual cryostat. Two HTS coils with iron cores were disposed oppositely to each other and were magnetically connected by a C-shape yoke placed in room temperature. The HTS coil was cooled down to about 15 K by the GM cryocooler in the initial cooling. The magnetic field of 1.06 T at the center of the heating region was stably generated with the rated current of 200 A. It was also demonstrated that the HTS magnet could be charged up to 300 A without quench. According to the observation of the electromagnetic force direction from the outside of the cryostat, it was confirmed the validity of the force balance design of the magnet.


Ab initio molecular dynamics simulations are performed to investigate the effects of a boron nitride (BN) substrate on Stone-Wales (SW) defect formation and recovery in graphene. It is found that SW defects can be created by an off-plane recoil atom that interacts with the BN substrate. A mechanism with complete bond breakage for formation of SW defects in suspended graphene is also revealed for recoils at large displacement angles. In addition, further irradiation can result in recovery of the SW defects through a bond rotation mechanism in both graphene and graphene/BN, and the substrate has little effect on the recovery process. This study indicates that the BN substrate enhances the irradiation resistance of graphene.


[Objective] To investigate the investment status of AIDS Anti-virus treatment department related Health Human Resource in Sichuan,analyze the problems and limitations so that to provide basis for human resource allocation among Anti-virus treatment related department.[Methods] 12 CDCs,12 hospitals and 73 related persons were investigated by selfdesigned questionnaires.Quantitative data were analyzed with statistics,and qualitative data were analyzed by inductive analysis.[Results] The health team of anti-viral treatment of AIDS was mainly made of part-time staffs,and there was heavy work for them and lack of staffs.The times and contents of training were inadequate.[Conclusion] We should increase and adjust the composition of the staffs,give subsidies and encouragement to them,and it is necessary to increase the number of training and the depth of coverage.


Stress is a body's natural way of responding to any kind of demand or challenge that everyone experiences from time to time. Although short-term stress typically does not impose a health burden, exposure to prolonged stress can lead to significant adverse physiological and behavioral changes. Coping with the impact of stress is a challenging task and in this context, stress assessment is essential in preventing detrimental long-term effects. The public embracement of connected wearable Internet of Things (IoT) devices, as well as the proliferation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) technologies, have generated new opportunities for personalized stress tracking and management. Despite the advantages of this paradigm shift – including availability and accessibility, cost-effective delivery, and proactive intervention – still, many challenges need to be addressed to be able to develop ubiquitous solutions. In this paper, we present a comprehensive and generalizable IoT-based stress-level detection method with the following key attributes: (i) Connected: deploying vigilant IoT-based wearables and sensing technologies for continuous stress-related data collection; (ii) Data-driven: combining multimodal and heterogeneous data sources from sensor readouts; (iii) Hierarchical: consisting of device/sensor, data, intelligence, and service layers. Experimental results based on real-life stress datasets highlight the accuracy of the proposed approach for assessing the stress-level compared to state-of-the-art solutions.


15 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in bottled waters, health drinks and product waters of a filtration plant were quantitated using headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME). Two fiber types, i.e., 100 μm PDMS and 65 μm PDMS/DVB were tested to determine the optimum extraction conditions over a concentration 0~80 ng/ml range of VOCs. At the absorption time of 4 min and the stirring velocity of 1200 rpm,coefficient of correlation for calibration curves of VOCs by 65 μm PDMS/DVB fiber were 0.9831~0.9993 over a concentration range of 040 ng/ml VOCs, whereas those values by 100 μm PDMS fibre were 0.9751~0.9945over a concentration range of 080 ng/ml VOCs. Thus, 65 μm PDMS/DVB fiber was used to extract VOCs from samples with different matrixes. Quantitation was achieved using standard calibration method. Most of VOCs were not detected in many samples. But chloroform and bromodichloromethane were detected from the water samples of 6 different types plant. The concentration range of chloroform detected in this study was nd~14.79 ng/ml (n=6), while that of bromodichloromethane was nd~8.74 ng/ml. In addition, dibromochloromethane of nd~2.14 ng/ml and toluene of nd~41.95 ng/ml were detected from 2-type and 3-type water samples,respectively.


Background Evidence is inconsistent to support checking gastric residual volumes (GRv) in predicting feeding intolerance in preterm infants. GRv remains standard practice in guiding feeding advancement in several neonatal centres. We hypothesises that this practice delays establishment of full enteral feeding with associated complications. Aims The effect on time to reach full feeds (120 ml/k/day) with not checking GRv in advancing feeds in preterm infants. Methods Design Single Centre, unmasked, parallel armed RCT Inclusion criteria Infants recruited within 48hrs of birth with birth weight (BW) ≥1500 grams ≤ 2000 grams. Exclusion criteria Major congenital malformations, asphyxia and BW ≤3rd percentile Randomization Variable number blocks stratified by BW Study intervention GRv assessed only with bloody aspirates or with vomiting and abnormal abdominal examination. Control GR volume assessed routinely with feeding advancement Results 86 infants with BW 1750 ± 140 g and gestational age 32.1 ± 1.5 weeks were enrolled. There was no difference in time to reach full feeds with both groups. Enteral feeds 120 mL/kg/d were achieved at DOL 5.9 ± 1.7 and 5.7 ± 1.8 in study and control group respectively. There was no difference in episodes of feeding interruptions, incidence of sepsis, reaching BW, and 120% of BW between two groups. However, two infants in the control group developed NEC. Conclusions Not checking GRv while advancing feeds in late preterm infants did not statistically reduce the time to achieve full enteral feeds however there were no adverse events noted with this practice. This study should be done in VLBW babies where GRv is a major hurdle to feeding advancement.


The design of integrated-circuit random number generators is receiving increased attention for the purpose of secure communications. Many high-speed cryptographic circuit-systems require a nondeterministic source of random bits. The security of these systems depends on the predictability or level of randomness of the generated bit stream. One popular method of generating random bits is to use the random frequency variations of free-running ring oscillators. This paper presents a behavioral model for the simulation of oscillator-based random number generators. The method of random number generation using oscillators is described and important design issues are stated. A model is developed and simulation results are presented for the purpose of addressing these design issues.


The results of an extensive study of 170 morphological, physiological, biochemical, serological and pathological characters of 18 representative isolates from the filbert canker pathogen are presented. These indicate that the bacterium responsible for the disease of filberts (Corylus avellana) in Greece is properly characterized as a typical member of the species Pseudomonas syringae. It is placed in group Ia according to the LOPAT tests. The differences in some characters between Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae and the filbert Pseudomonas, as well as its host specificity, justify its classification as a new pathovar of Pseudomonas syringae and the name of Pseudomonas syringae pv. avellanae pv.nov. is proposed for the bacterium causing the disease 'bacterial canker' of Corylus avellana.


Using ice-printing technique, we have integrated a micromosaic immuoassays (μMIA) with microfluidic channels, which reduce the sample consuming and response time, and allow high-throughput parallel detection. The ice-printing method is a low temperature and contaminant-free process, which is more convenient, precise and bio-friendly than the traditional fabrication method. Meanwhile, based on ice-drying process, this method can obtain a uniform distribution of the residue protein patterns, which leads to a uniform fluorescence result. As a proof of concept, the test of stability, sensitivity and specificity of \textmu MIA based on one-step ELISA is demonstrated. In this device, immobilized antigens with ice surrounded could maintain biological at -20 °C for months.


The dip angles of eclogite and retrograde metamorphic eclogite type foliations in 100~2?950 m core of the CCSD main hole are obviously steeper than the angles of gneiss type foliations, with the former angles being generally 55° or so and the latter around 28°. Foliations of gneiss type locally dissect foliations of eclogite type, and hence foliations of these two types might have been formed in different periods. The contact relation between the two types of rocks is that of ductile shear zone formed during SEE-NWW ductile shearing at the main exhumation stage of Su-Lu terrane. Foliation attitude of eclogite and retrograde metamorphic eclogite plays a certain role in controlling attitude of miniature faults in eclogite type rocks, whereas foliation attitude of gneiss type exerts a relatively weak role in controlling attitude of miniature faults in gneiss type rocks. Brittle deformation in the main hole mainly reflects deformational characteristics of the SEE-NWW extensional tectonic stress field since Cretaceous. The striation plunging of miniature normal faults in 100~1620 m core of the main hole is predominantly in SEE direction, and this evidently results from deformation of this stage.


The filter paper method was used to test the anti-fungi effects of essential oil against four phytopathogens: Cercosporella brassicae Hoehnel, Alternaria porri Cif, Gibberella zeae petch and Alternaria longipes Tisdela. The results showed that the essential oil had obvious inhibitory rate against all the four fungi we used. And the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) against the four fungi were tested using the plate culture method. The result showed that the MIC against Cercosporella brassicae Hoehnel and Alternaria porri Cif was 3.13 mg/ml while against Gibberella zeae petch and Alternaria longipes Tisdela, the MIC value was 6.25 mg/ml.


A field experiment was conducted on sandy-loam soil of Gurdaspur during the winter season (rabi) of 1998– 2000 to study the effect of different sowing dates, row spacings and seed rates on productivity of lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus). There was a significant reduction in seed yield with delay in sowing from 10 November to 10 December. Lentil sown on 10 November (14.6 q/ha) outyielded the crop sown on 25 November and 10 December by a margin of 12.8% and 90.1% respectively. The crop sown on 10 November recorded higher net income (Rs 1,826/ha) and benefit: cost ratio (0.23) than 25 November-sown crop which in turn recorded Rs 5,797/ha higher net returns and 0.75 higher benefit: cost ratio. Row spacing of 20 cm (12.3 q/ha) resulted in 4.2% and 9.5% more seed yield than closer (17.5 cm) and wider (22.5 cm) row spacings respectively. Row spacing of 20 cm recorded Rs 680 and Rs 1,047/ha higher net returns and benefit: cost ratio to the tune of 0.10 and 0.12 over row spacings of 17.5 cm and 22.5 cm respectively. Seed rate of 37.5 kg/ha gave 8.2% more seed yield than 45 kg seed/ha which in turn recorded 5.4% more seed yield than 50 kg seed/ha. Similarly, seed rate of 37.5 kg/ha recorded higher net income and benefit: cost ratio than higher seed rates. Significantly higher mean seed yield was obtained in lentil sown on 10 November at 20 cm row spacing (15.7q/ha) and that sown on 10 November using 37.5 kg seed/ha (15.9 q/ha). Seed yield (13.6 q/ha) of lentil sown at row spacing of 20 cm using 37.5 kg seed/ha was significantly higher than all other combinations of seed rates and row spacings.


PURPOSE: To make it possible to form desired patterns on a wafer from a mask or reticle by disposing a stage for adjusting the mask data or reticle data of an original for the purpose of correcting an expected difference in mold sizes between a mold belonging to the density patterns on a surface to be subjected to the influence of a proximity effect and a mode parted therefrom. CONSTITUTION: This method is provided with the adjusting stage for effectively subjecting the reticle data used for forming the reticle patterns to correction of the proximity effect induced by the diffraction of the light by the opaque parts of the reticle patterns, by which the correction is executed. For example, the original density patterns consisting of opaque parts 72a, 74a and 76a are held as they are but the patterns of the parted parts are corrected and the opaque parts 78 are made narrower than the corresponding parts 78. The exposure patterns on a wafer are made into the desired patterns which are equal in the molds within the density patterns formed on the wafer and the parted molds and have the expected characteristics by such correction of the reticle patterns 72a, 74a, 76a, 78a.


ABSTRACT This study sought, through a factor analysis of 450 masculine-feminine (MF) items from nine established sources such as the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MNK), to determine whether in a college sample of 523 students there were a small number of factors common to both sexes, or if the MF scale consisted of so many weak factors that the practice of giving people scores on it should be abandoned. Only 39% of the items discriminated the sexes. Of the nine item factors in females and ten in males, four occurred in both sexes. These MF factors were neuroticism and religiousity (feminine), and power and scientific interests (masculine). The need for four homogeneous, orthogonal MF scales based on these dimensions is requisite for any rational exploration of MF in relation to sex-role identification, achievement, homosexuality, etc.


Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS) of bubbly flows are rapidly allowing studies of systems containing hundreds of deformable bubbles in turbulent flows. Such simulations have already suggested that bubbly flows in vertical channels exhibit a particularly simple structure dominated by the direction of lift forces acting on the bubbles. The lift depends on the flow direction and the deformability of the bubbles and while the resulting structures and the flow rate depends strongly on the governing parameters, the underlying physics is relatively simple. Extracting how the small-scale processes produce a simpler average or large-scale structure is a classical example of multiscale analysis. Multi-phase flows, however, also often exhibit another type of multiscale processes, where "features" such as thin films that are much smaller than the "dominant" flow scales, appear. The flow and the geometry of these features are usually simple, since they are dominated by surface tension and viscosity. In isolation these features are therefore often welldescribed by analytical or semi-analytical models. Recent efforts to capture thin films using classical thin film theory, and to compute mass transfer in high Schmidt number flows using boundary layer approximations, in combination with DNS of the rest of the flow, are described.


The off-season period for açaí palm production cause social and economic problems that affect producers and consumers. Two species are used for açaí pulp production, Euterpe oleracea and E. precatoria. These species have some distinct characteristics, including the harvest period. The cultivation of açaí palm is expanding in the metropolitan region of Manaus, state of Amazonas, AM, and there are no studies on the harvest period of these species under cultivated conditions in this region. The objective of this study was to evaluate the reproductive phenophases of the açaí palm E. oleracea and E. precatoria grown in the metropolitan region of Manaus, state of Amazonas and to check the harvest period of these species in this region. The reproductive phenophases were evaluated during 24 consecutive months in 20 plants of each species. E. oleracea emitted a greater number of inflorescences from January to July (76%), during the rainy season, and presented a greater number of mature bunches (56%) from October to December, at the end of the dry season. E. precatoria emitted the highest number of inflorescences (70%) from July to November, during the dry season, and the highest proportion of mature bunches (49%) was observed between May and July, at the end of the rainy season. The species presented different harvest periods, so the cultivation of both can contribute to reducing the off-season period of açaí fruit production in the metropolitan region of Manaus, AM.


On the base of investigation on water environment of river and water quality monitoring results in water function area in Zhejiang province,the water environment state quo and main causes of water pollution in rural river channel are analyzed.In the evaluated 28 223.8 km rural river channel(accounting for 50% of rural river channel in Zhejiang Province),the river channels of grade IV,grade V water and water worsen than grade V are 45.7%.The causes of river channel pollution in Zhejiang Province are analyzed and in the light of the pollution causes,the countermeasures of improving and protecting river water environment are put forward to water administrative department,providing technological support for the construction of "5 000 km clear river channel" of Zhejiang Province.


The influence of disturbing noise and nonlinear distortions on frequency response function measurements using periodic excitations has been studied in detail in the literature. A variance analysis method has been developed that allows one to detect and quantify the nonlinear distortions and the disturbing noise. In this paper, the variance analysis is generalized to detect and quantify the following nonstationary disturbances: 1) nonsynchronous periodic signals, for example, the 50 Hz mains and its harmonics, and 2) nonstationary behavior of the device under test, for example, phase or frequency modulation.


A feedforward artificial neural network has been realized and trained to individualize subharmonics frequencies in an electric network. The adopted sampling window is fixed in 20 ms correspondent to a period of the fundamental frequency of 50 Hz, nevertheless the net is able to identify the subharmonics frequencies even if their period is not completed. The particular binary successive approximation structure realized for the ANN forecasts the scalability of the same net so allowing to recognize the subharmonics with a prefixed resolution. The net has been widely tested on synthesized signals.


This paper presents an efficient heuristic algorithm for avoiding the occurrence of crosstalk affecting delay in 3D IC by downsizing or upsizing gates. The proposed algorithm classifies gate sizing into two steps, and to maximize the avoidance effect, downsizing in step1 and upsizing in step2 are applied sequentially to avoid aggressors adjacent to the critical path in turn. The proposed algorithm is tested on the benchmark circuit to verify its efficiency, and the experimental results show an average crosstalk avoidance effect of 9.45%. This result demonstrates the feasibility of the proposed new algorithm.


This study was designed to propose a method to draft bodice block pattern from 3D body scan data. Subjects were ten elderly women in their 60`s, who wear basic size(B: 94cm, W: 82cm) garment. Scanning was done using 3D whole body scanner(WB4, Cyberware). Measurements for 3D data and cross section were attained using Auto CAD, by which a upper bodice pattern for elderly women was drawn on the basis of short measured method. The results are as following: As for most items, no significant differences were shown between measurements from Martin`s anthropometry and those from 3D scan data, suggesting measurement from 3D scan data could be used to draft a pattern. The drafting equations acquired were as follows; width of pattern


We examine the relationship between political structure, economic inequality, and rates of homicide for a diverse sample of 50 countries by using World Health Organization cause-of-death homicide data circa 1990. By conceptualizing homicide as a means of conflict resolution, we expect countries with a more centralized state structure to have lower average homicide rates than countries with a decentralized democratic political structure owing to the active role of the state in resolving disputes in centralized political environments. Although the findings do not bear this expectation out, we do find a robust positive relationship between economic inequality and homicide rates and partial evidence that the effects of economic inequality may be exacerbated in more democratic environments.


Cervical cancer is the fourth most common reason for cancer death amongst women worldwide, with 500 000 new cases every year. Most of these women live in developing countries. Cervical screening programs can reduce the incidence by 50%, but are not common in the developing world. In Sweden there are approximately 400 new cases of cervical cancer yearly, despite the existence of a screening program.
Cervical cancer and dysplastic lesions in the cervix are caused by infection by the Human Papilloma Virus, mainly HPV 16 and 18. An alternative to cytological screening is screening for HPV DNA.
The aim of this thesis was to analyze the screening history of women with cervical cancer, to find new techniques to screen women for cervical cancer, and to find out why some women do not attend screening. Furthermore, standard treatment for early cervical cancer is surgery including lymph node mapping, and patients have adverse effects from lymphadenectomies, so if a sentinel node procedure is accurate, it would be of value for the women.
Of the population of cervical cancer patients diagnosed in the years 2009-2010, one third of the women were over 60 years of age, and one fourth were over 65. The women that followed the screening program had a better prognosis compared to women above the screening age (Hazard Ratio (HR) =5.3 95% CI 2.4-12.0, p<0.001). All the women whose cancer was identified via the screening program were alive at the median follow-up (36 months). This contrasted with the women that had symptoms, where 68 of 98 patients were alive at the median follow-up (p<0.0001).The vaginal self-sampling device that we validated showed good agreement with HPV analysis of liquid-based cytology (LBC) (kappa value 0.67 95% CI 0.53-0.81).
When 1000 women who had not taken a cytology sample for over nine years were offered self-sampling at home, 15% responded. In contrast, when 500 women were offered flexible and free open clinic appointments, 4.2% came. The most common reason for non-attending was "uncomfortable with vaginal examination".
The sentinel node concept is safe when a sentinel node is identified on both sides, and the tumor is 2 cm or less. The negative predictive value was then 100%.
The conclusions are that since so many women develop their cervical cancer after screening age, it would be advisable with an exit test. This exit test should ideally be an HPV test. In the case of hr-HPV positivity, the women could be offered a reflex cytology test. To reduce the non-attendance rate for cervical cancer screening, vaginal self-sampling for HPV-DNA is a possible method to use. Since so many women seem to be non-attendant due to being uncomfortable with vaginal examination, a self-test could be an attractive alternative.
The final conclusion is that the sentinel node concept should be further investigated to make it possible to offer a sharp sentinel node for women with cervical cancer.


Shoulder disorders are considered the main cause of forelimb lameness and pain on adult dogs. These disorders are specially related to changes in assets and liabilities stabilizers of the scapulohumeral joint or its coating. Their diagnosis are considered challenging and difficult. The aim of this review is to highlight the current diagnostic techniques, etiopathogenesis and main therapeutic approaches applied in cases of medial instability of the shoulder, bicipital tenosynovitis and degenerative joint disease in grown dogs.


In Pt-doped SnO 2 thin films prepared by using a submicroscopic aerosol pyrolysis method where the metal elements are codeposited, the best CO sensitivity is obtained from low concentration Pt precursor solutions. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations of SnO 2 thin films doped by small amounts of platinum have been performed to analyze in detail the structural properties as a function of Pt doping concentration. Strong evidence of porous structure has been found in the TEM images and an assessment of the porous volume fraction could be done. Although this approach clearly underestimates the assessed porous fraction, results for undoped SnO 2 films nevertheless indicate that the film density is close to half of the bulk value. It increases with the film doping concentration, [Pt]/([Sn] + [Pt] + [O]), as films become thinner. For doping concentrations higher than 2%, no significant number of pores could be detected and the thickness reaches a plateau likely corresponding to the maximum density that can be obtained using our synthesis conditions. The usually observed maximum in the film sensitivity at solution concentrations close to 0.6% film doping, i.e., 3% in terms of solution concentration, coincides with a maximum in the product of the porous volume and the density of small Pt aggregates. Additionally high-resolution electron microscopy observations of selected film samples have been performed to examine grain arrangements and microstructural effects of Pt and SnO 2 nanocrystallites.


The cationic polymerization of phthalimidomethyloxirane (1) with methylaluminum bis(2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenoxide) (MAD) afforded polyether (2) or polyacetal (3) depending on temperature. Acetalic linkages in the main chain of 3 were formed via isomerization ring opening involving the intramolecular nucleophilic attack of the imide−carbonyl group at the growing end. The polymerization system in toluene at 25 °C became heterogeneous during the polymerization, but the resulting 3 nevertheless had a narrow molecular weight distribution and a degree of polymerization nearly equal to the feed ratio of 1 to MAD. This is the first example of a precipitation polymerization in which the growth to nearly uniform chain lengths was controlled over a very narrow molecular weight range by the physical solubility equilibrium of growing species between solution and precipitates, similar to chemical equilibria between reactive growing ends and dormant covalent species.


Cardiomyocytes are the contractile cells of the heart, responsible for pumping blood and nutrients throughout the body. Congenital and acquired deficiencies in cardiac pumping function contribute to the prevalence of cardiovascular disease, the leading global cause of death. For ethical reasons, human cardiac development research in health and disease has largely relied on animal models. However, human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) have emerged as a powerful model to study cardiac cell differentiation in vitro. Decades of in vivo embryology research has revealed mechanisms controlling cell differentiation. These insights are used to instruct hiPSC differentiations to generate cell types suited for studies of cell differentiation relevant to developmental biology, disease modelling, and drug development. Under current techniques, hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes do not progress beyond an immature state, similar to a mid-gestation embryonic heart. Dissecting the genetic basis of maturation provides opportunities to discover fundamental biological insights into the mechanisms of maturation that inform their use in research and clinical therapeutics. This thesis focuses on using cardiac-directed differentiation in vitro with new techniques in single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) to investigate genetic mechanisms underlying cardiomyocyte differentiation and maturation.            Cardiac cell differentiation during embryonic development requires orchestration of dynamic gene regulatory networks that guide cell fate. To study the cellular diversity and stepwise changes in gene expression underlying cardiac differentiation, we performed scRNA-seq across a time course of cardiac-directed differentiation from pluripotency. These data provided an unprecedented resource to understand the identity of cells derived by cardiac differentiation through comparative analysis to their in vivo counterparts. We evaluated genes with known roles controlling morphogenesis of the heart in vivo to identify candidate genetic targets to guide maturation of in vitro hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes. We found that HOPX was rarely expressed during cardiac differentiation in vitro. Using conditional HOPX genetic gain- and loss-of-function tools in hiPSCs, we found that hypertrophic signalling is required for expression of HOPX to drive downstream pathways involved in cardiomyocyte maturation. Together, this data resource provides the first genome-wide transcriptional roadmap of in vitro cardiac differentiation at single-cell resolution and reveals new insights into fundamental mechanisms of cardiomyocyte differentiation.            We next aimed to evaluate how HOPX controls the balance between cardiomyocyte maturation and proliferation at a genetic, cell, and tissue level. We first used a model with innate whole organ cardiac proliferation, zebrafish heart resection, to test the requirement of HOPX as a molecular control point underlying cardiomyocyte proliferation in vivo. Using the GAL4/UAS transgene expression system, we tested the consequences of cardiomyocyte-specific ectopic hopx over-expression on cardiomyocyte proliferation after in vivo cardiac injury. We find blunted cardiomyocyte proliferation in zebrafish overexpressing hopx compared to siblings, suggesting hopx repression is an important regulator of innate cardiomyocyte proliferation.            To determine the functional consequences of HOPX deficiency on cardiomyocyte proliferation and function at the tissue level, we generated human cardiac organoids using CRISPRi conditional loss-of-function hiPSCs. HOPX knockdown tissues cultured in glucose-rich media reflecting the metabolic environment of early heart development produced significantly increased force relative to control tissues, possibly attributable to increased cardiomyocyte proliferation. To investigate the genetic mechanisms underlying this observation, we performed genome-wide Cap Analysis of Gene Expression (CAGE-seq). Gene ontology analysis of differentially expressed genes between HOPX KD and control conditions revealed significant enrichment for cholesterol biosynthesis, an essential regulatory pathway in cardiomyocyte proliferation. To test the mitogenic potential of HOPX deficiency in a post-mitotic model of the adult heart, we attempted to metabolically mature hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes. However, metabolic maturation was not achieved using a two-dimensional design. Preliminary results from human cardiac organoids suggest increases in proliferation and force generation associated with HOPX loss-of-function are not possible in a mature context. Together, these studies provide critical insights into regulatory mechanisms underlying cardiomyocyte proliferation by showing that hopx regulates cardiomyocyte proliferation after organ-level injury and establishing that the mitogenic potency of HOPX repression is likely dependent on the cardiomyocyte metabolic state.            Together, this thesis contributes a landmark scRNA-seq data resource of in vitro cardiac differentiation from pluripotency that serves as an important reference for the cardiovascular biology field. This resource was leveraged to characterize the complex heterogeneity of diverse cell types, map lineage trajectories, and identify candidate dysregulated factors contributing to hiPSC-derived cardiomyocyte immaturity. Using bespoke HOPX gain- and loss-of-function hiPSC and zebrafish tools, we reveal novel insights into the fundamental genetic mechanisms underlying cardiomyocyte maturation and proliferation. These discoveries have exciting implications for improving the ability to model cardiac development in vitro for applications in research and biotechnology.


A method for the particular method of measuring the value of the curve showing the movement of the roller in the rolling roller to correct the measured value curve by eliminating periodically occurring measuring artifacts, the method comprising the following steps: a) providing a periodically repeating represents measured value curve event (M); B) the measured value curve (M) is divided into a plurality of periodic events was repeated cycles (P) are sequentially successive period corresponding measured value curve; c) according to the plurality of periods (P) corresponding to the measured period to obtain the average value curve period measurement value curve; D) is formed with a plurality of the difference between the period (P) corresponding to the average period of the measured value curve and the period measurement value of a curve, to provide a period (P) respectively corresponding to the difference value of the period measurement curve; E) curves measured values according to the difference period, periodically repeated plurality of events sequentially successive period (P) determining the corrected measured value curve.


Countries have historically welcomed foreign capital and have implemented policies to facilitate and encourage its inflow. However, the recent surge of FDI from economies characterised by large state interventionism has raised concerns for national security and economic stability, leading to increased protectionism. Though, it is unclear whether the state's decision of defining a firm as of strategic relevance for the nation, thus sheltering it from foreign investments, represents a blessing or a curse for the company protected. On the one hand, the acknowledgment that a firm is fundamental for the country could confer an outstanding relevance to the firm itself; on the other hand, the government's decision of preventing potential acquisitions of the firm could significantly affect its value.

This work aims to compare the effects of acquisitions' prohibitions caused by antitrust reasons to those triggered by strategic concerns. For this purpose, an event study analysis has been conducted, finding the value loss suffered by firms whose scalability is blocked to protect strategic assets is more severe and long-lasting than that caused to companies whose expansion is obstructed to safeguard market competition. Additionally, the analysis' result suggests state interventionism is likely to cause a structural value reduction in the firms protected from FDI.


Association rules are the main technique for data mining. Apriori algorithm is a classical algorithm of association rule mining. Lots of algorithms for mining association rules and their mutations are proposed on basis of Apriori algorithm, but traditional algorithms are not efficient. For the two bottlenecks of frequent itemsets mining: the large multitude of candidate 2- itemsets, the poor efficiency of counting their support. Proposed algorithm reduces one redundant pruning operations of


Enstatites in unequilibrated enstatite chondrites (UECs) exhibit various REE patterns, ranging from relatively flat to extremely HREE-enriched (the latter being characteristic of igneous fractionation). These patterns tend to be mirror images of those observed in oldhamite [I]. The abundances of REEs also show large variations from one enstatite grain to another; these have been found to be associated with the amount of melt inclusions trapped in the enstatite crystals [2, 31. We have also found that some enstatites from UECs have negative Eu, Yb and Sm anomalies (listed here in the order of decreasing occurrence) and suggested that the REE depletions might be due to evaporative loss during chondrule formation [2, 31. In order to test this suggestion, we report here Mg and Si isotopic measurements in enstatite from UECs. As will be shown below, the isotopic data do not support an evaporative origin for the REE depletions in enstatite. We considered whether the REE depletions in enstatite might be due to igneous fractionation under the highly reducing conditions at which UECs formed.


In sustainable planning such as transport and river improvement we should consider needs and requirements of the planning site. Here, we propose a method of public involvement for sustainable river improvement planning. The method includes the concept of strategic environmental assessment and evaluating techniques on regional opinions. That is, based on the procedure of building policy, plan and programming, several techniques are combined at each stage. A workshop operates such a decision-making system.


We have recently shown that a single moderate serving of a protein‐rich food (113 g of lean beef; 30 g protein) acutely increases muscle protein synthesis by 51% in both young and elderly.


METHODS: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and PubMed were searched from inception to January 2016 for publications describing pregnancies with MELAS syndrome. Studies were only restricted to humans. The grey literature and references of relevant articles were hand-searched. Authors were contacted for missing data or eligibility inquiries. Article selection, data extraction and risk of bias assessment were performed in duplicate with discrepancies resolved by a third reviewer. Articles were excluded if MELAS syndrome was not confirmed or pregnancy outcomes were not described.


The pursuit of becoming a professor is intensely competitive and fraught with personal and academic complexities. This chapter reflects the author's post-PhD experience of being "on the market." The author explores some of the challenges and strategic considerations of gaining a fixed-term contract in hope of securing a coveted tenure track position. The author's advice for promotion from "perilous to permanent" status is driven by two questions: "what do I want?" and "what's the best use of my time?" This chapter will be of interest to an international audience including PhD candidates, early career researchers, and those going "back on the job market."


Taking the soft foundation treatment of coastal expressway as the background,the paper studies the construction technology of the treatment,and discusses the action mechanism,then analyzes the construction points of several typical methods.


Abstract An early use of tranexamic acid (TXA) in polytrauma patients has long been emphasized, although several conflicting evidence make its applicability still controversial and claims debate. Several multicenter trials have been conducted and the latter appear to collide with recent evidence published in the literature. In particular, the putative effects of early prognostic and hospitalization are still far from a common recommendation. We believe conflicting evidence derives from an unproper standardization of the pre-hospital setting, where non-diversified demographic factors, such as sociodemographic ones and accessibility to resources, still play a significant and detrimental role in patients' outcomes. Moreover, evaluation and investigation of the real benefits of TXA administration in the trauma patient according to the different settings or scenarios are required, as the availability of resources could represent a non-negligible bias that could lead to evidence too far from universal applicability and accessibility.


The field of data science is getting wide day by day and more areas are using this concept. This paper uses the concept of data science for analyzing patterns of terrorism globally. We use the "Global Terrorism Database (GTD)" having information of terrorist attacks around the world from 1970 to 2017. The data was preprocessed and we use "Hive Query Language (HiveQL)" and Hadoop concepts to make various predictions out of the database. HiveQL is run by intergrating with Hadoop which is installed on a linux system. Various interesting findings were made from this database which are represented in the form of queries that were shot on the database. The queries were decided upon by framing a few questions and finding suitable answers. The results obtained are presented graphically using tableau and python for a better understanding of the reader. In the last section, various inferences were drawn from the results obtained.


It is shown that in recent years, sodium hypochlorite has been effectively used as an alternative to chlorine gas at water management enterprises in Russian cities. It is noted that its bactericidal action is almost equivalent to chlorine and provides effective disinfection of water and protection against all known pathogenic bacteria, viruses, fungal and protozoa. The criteria for the effectiveness and selection of concentrated and low-concentrated sodium hypochlorite for water disinfection are given.


The output beam power of the J-PARC linac has been improved by increasing the acceleration energy and peak beam current. The beam loss is getting serious along with increasing output beam power; however, the beam loss in the front-end region is difficult to detect because of the low energy of the radioactive emission. An interlock system using the beam current monitors has been developed to prevent significant material activation. In this system, an electrical circuit measures the beam transmission between the two beam current monitors. This study describes the design and performance of this electrical circuit and introduces the system configuration.


Regional Queensland and social media are not standard bedfellows in studies of Australian media use. Yet regional community responses to recent natural disasters on Facebook in particular warrant further investigation. Indeed, while the increasing use of social media by government organisations during disasters and other crises is by now well documented, the comparative surge in community uses — and particularly regional community uses — has received considerably less attention. This article is broadly interested in regional Queensland uses of Facebook during the 2011 Queensland floods, specifically the 'Toowoomba & Darling Downs Flood Photos & Info Page' (https://www.facebook.com/TmbaLockyerFloods?fref=ts 10 January 2011). Drawing on an interview with the page's creator, I consider both the speed and apparent efficacy of the page as a tool of grassroots (or unofficial) crisis communication, partly compared with its most obvious official counterpart, the Toowoomba Regional Council's Facebook page. Ultimately, I argue that the 'Toowoomba & Darling Downs Flood Photos & Info Page' offers an emphatically more useful model of social media-based crisis communication from which others might draw.


waned. Japan suffers from some of the same issues, notably a financial crisis of even greater dimensions that consumes the time and energy of policymakers and businessmen alike. At the same time, this crisis has been accompanied by a growing awareness that Tokyo should play a greater international role, both within Southeast Asia and more broadly. Japan is likely to move beyond the 'northern territories' issue with Russia and open long-term investments into the Russian Far East. It is also likely to slowly develop its economic interests in Central Asia. However, neither of these trends will afford Japan much influence in Eurasia. Iran is a potentially important market for much of the Eurasian region, particularly its neighbours in the Caucasus and Central Asia. However, bureaucratic infighting, political instability and US-led sanctions have dramatically increased the risks around creating major economic partnerships. Should US policy abruptly change (highly unlikely given the present regime), or should the present Khatami–Khameni divide lead to the development of a more obviously reformist government, Iran's role in the region could be expected to expand. European investment should suffer few of these constraints in the coming decade, and European banks will exhibit a far greater willingness to risk exposure within emerging Eurasian markets. European influence will remain diluted by a lack of foreign policy coordination, but Russia and Central Asian markets are likely to find themselves increasingly tied to Europe over time. One further interesting point: as Slavic states become full members of the EU, the EU is likely to take an economic tilt in a direction more favourable to Russian involvement. The most important long-term player in Eurasia is China, because of its immense needs for energy and water resources. This is likely to lead to economic integration with countries like Kazakhstan, representing the most significant long-term opportunity for regional development while posing the greatest threat for regional conflict. Russia will be especially sensitive to the demographic threat posed by illegal Chinese migrants in Siberia, as well as mounting Chinese influence in Russia's key zone of engagement. In sum, in the near term, as at present, the key players in Eurasia will be Russia and, to a lesser degree, the United States. The future stability of the region will be in part a function of the US–Russia relationship, and accordingly we can expect to see less global focus on Eurasia – at least until China becomes a more significant actor.


The Northfield Land and Water Company is located in El Paso County, Colorado, and supplies water to the suburban area north and east of Colorado Springs, serving a population of approximately 3500 people. Its source of supply is taken from four storage reservoirs on West Monument Creek, in the Rampart Range of the Rockies, with a combined capacity of 600,000,000 gallons. The intake is located down stream 3.5 miles from Reservoir No. 1, constructed in 1888, and at fifteen hundred feet lower altitude. Until last year, no provision was made for removing the suspended matter from the water other than a small settling basin and screen system. All was well as long as the three and one-half miles of open stream could be kept down to normal, but when the spring "run-off" came, or a hard summer rain fell, the stream would become swollen and quite turbid. Having no storage supply to draw from while the turbid water was by-passed for a few hours following a heavy rain, it was necessary to use it as it was or not at all. While these periods were short, it usually put enough discolored water in the mains to extend over several days to a week before it could all be flushed out and clear water furnished again. This condition has been annoying, not only to the water users, but also to the water company ever since its first operation. The company has looked forward with much pleasure to the time when it could deliver to its users a sparkling water twelve months out of the year. These short periods of discolored water presented the only serious problem in operating the system. Analyses of the water have always shown it to be free from contamination. Neither is there any hardness or minerals to cause any trouble. Therefore, a small, effective, not too expensive, economical filtration plant was the answer to the company's dream.


The invention concerns silver-palladium alloys for producing a dental prosthesis. Due to the contents of indium, tin and zinc selected as alloying elements, no discoloration arises in the combination with low-melting dental ceramic with a thermal expansion coefficient of approx. 16.5 mu m/mk.


At present,the technology of bar code is the most economical and the most practical automatic identification technology.The PDF417 is the most widely used among the bar codes.Firstly,we studied the technical nucleus of the generation of the all Two-Dimensional Code Bar and the automatic identification system-the coding and decoding of the data deeply.With studies of different data compression patterns detailedly,the thesis puts forward a coding and decoding arithmetic which sufficiently combines number compression pattern(NC),text compression pattern(TC) and byte compression pattern(BC) together.Finally This article designs the basic information management system about graduates which makes the information managernent more convenient,real and efficient.


Colleges are seeking ways to better serve the growing population of students with learning disabilities (LD) and/ or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). In making decisions about how to best facilitate students' success, it is important to listen to their voices as they describe their experiences and offer unique insights. The researchers interviewed 14 undergraduates with LD and/or ADHD enrolled in a fee-based support program at a private liberal arts college. The interviews explored students' perceptions of outcomes of their participation in the program and factors they believed contributed to these outcomes. Students reported growth in self-authorship and self-determination, greater metacognitive awareness, improved academic skills, and changes in their perceptions of themselves as learners and their learning differences. They attributed these positive outcomes to the mentoring relationships they established with professors in the program and the metacognitive conversations they had with them. Students' stories confirm the value of a metacognitive, dialogic approach; the significance of caring, supportive relationships with mentors; and the importance of integrating the emotional and cognitive domains in postsecondary support programs for students with LD/ADHD.


ABSTRACT This study examines the relationship among organizational culture, job satisfaction and employee motivation at the Hard Rock Hotel Bali. The research objectives are 1) To determine the effect of organizational culture on job satisfaction at the Hard Rock Hotel Bali 2) To determine the effect of job satisfaction on employee motivation at the Hard Rock Hotel Bali 3) To determine the effect of organizational culture on employee motivation at Hard Rock Hotel Bali. Respondents in this study were 200 employees of Hard Rock Hotel Bali. This study used analysis of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the application software Analysis of Moment Structure (AMOS) and the Special Package for StatisticsScience (SPSS). The results showed that 1) organizational culture has positive and significant effect on job satisfaction of employees at the Hard Rock Hotel Bali. 2) job satisfaction has positive and significant impact on employee motivation at the Hard Rock Hotel Bali. 3) organizational culture has positive and significant impact on employee motivation at the Hard Rock Hotel Bali. The implication of this research is to improve the existing organizational culture, so the aspect of job satisfaction can be met, because generally high employee job satisfaction can increase employee motivation. Key Word : organizational culture, job satisfaction and employee motivation


There were discussed mathematics algorithms of the information protection with purpose to use the main methods of the cryptography algorithm in the medicine.


In our previous work, we have shown that the channel equalization blocks of telecommunication systems can be used to sense the environment, a scheme which we call communication-based sensing (CommSense). The current work presents the ambiguity function analysis for different waveform in passive forward-looking radar geometry for CommSense system. Cram<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\acute{{\bf e}}$</tex-math></inline-formula>r–Rao lower bound (CRLB) for a two path receive signal model is also calculated for the time delay in the scattered path when there is direct path interference.


The experiment was conducted at Horticulture Farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from October 2016 to April 2017. The experiment was conducted to assess the effect of two factors, for example; I, two levels of foliar spray of boron as:100 ppm boric acid (B1) and 200 ppm boric acid (B2) in relation to a control and II, three different tomato cultivars/lines as: L1: Exotic Tomato Line-1, L2: Exotic Tomato Line-2, L3: BARI Tomato-15. The two factorial experiments were laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Fruit setting (56.73%), yield (64.89 t/ha) and total soluble solid (TSS) (4.3%) were considerably higher in B1 and low in B2. Whereas, significantly higher yield (79.87 t/ha) was recorded in L3 in in comparison to L1. Considering quality parameters, Vitamin C (20 mg) was the highest in L3 whereas TSS (4.58%) was the highest in L1. In interaction effect, the highest yield (85 t/ha) was obtained from B1L3 and the lowest (31.23 t/ha) in B2L1. The present study suggest to cultivate BARI Tomato-15, but other two exotic lines adapted well and showed good performance in terms of yield and quality parameters. Original Research Article Roy et al.; APRJ, 4(4): 17-24, 2020; Article no.APRJ.56967 18


Analyses several factors which cause the low accuracy of theoretical model prediction and employs the finite element method compensate for the deficiency of theoretical model prediction and build up the analystic model for prediction of cornering properties of tires and concludes from calculation results that there is a good agreement between predicted properties and experimental results, and this proves the effectiveness of this method.


77 ARRIS 32 · 2021 Others have said this before. Nevertheless, it needs to be reiterated. Even in 2021, there is a dearth of architectural and urban books dedicated to Houston. A quick search brings up tomes devoted to the old East Coast cities, but only a handful of books on the fourth largest city in the United States, a Gulf South city with one of the most diverse populations and economies in the country. Notable Houston-centered books such as Tyina Steptoe's Houston Bound (2015), Stephen Kleinberg's Prophetic City (2020), Lars Lerup's One Million Acres and No Zoning (2011), and Joe Feagan's Free Enterprise City (1988) have helped dispel some lazy and simple readings of the city. Barrie Scardino Bradley's Improbable Metropolis: Houston's Architectural and Urban History adds one more dimension to this scholarship by telling the story of an unlikely metropolis that came into its own against all odds in the New South. This book is a deep dive into Houston's architecture from 1836 to 2017 from an author who has engaged extensively with this city's architectural and urban history as a writer, archivist, editor, and the executive director of the Houston Architecture Foundation. Improbable Metropolis developed out of an exhibition curated by Bradley at the AIA Houston's Architecture Center in 2011 that organized Houston's history by building types. This structure reappears in the book, with Bradley identifying the dominant functional typologies of a period and tying it to the evolution of specific styles, cultural codes, and patterns of urban development. The book's eight chapters are chronological in their narrative: Bayou City, Magnolia City, Progressive Houston, Energy Capital of the World, Golden Buckle of the Sunbelt, Space City, H-Town, and Petro Metro. Chapters one to three examine Houston's early decades from 1830 to 1919 while chapters four to eight survey the period between 1919 and 2017. Bradley extensively relies on journals and letters left by settlers, drawings, maps, photographs, periodicals, and interviews to support her narratives. Houston's early history was marked by risky speculation and shrewd politics, starting in the 1830s with the two New York brothers and land speculators, A. C. and J. K. Allen, who registered unclaimed cheap land along the Buffalo Bayou after purchasing it from the Mexican government. They named their city after general Sam Houston (the first president of the Republic of Texas) to generate support for Houston as Texas's capital—until Austin was made capital in 1839. In chapter two, Bradley analyzes how the Texas Congress founded Houston's ward system in 1840 that divided the city into four distinct political entities (two more wards were added later) that were indelibly shaped by Jim Crow laws. These wards are the basis for Houston's present-day ethnic enclaves and closeknit neighborhoods. Two striking bird's eye views (Augustus Koch, 1873 and A. L. Westyard, 1891) depict the rapid creep of the gridded wards into the endless flat plains of Houston with the bayou at the edges. Bradley attributes Houston's history of eclectic architectural styles to southern architects who worked at the turn of the twentieth century to find a language that suited the local weather instead of merely imitating the plans from northern architectural periodicals. This turning away from the architectural language of the northeastern cities led to the free incorporation of styles and influences in Houston. In chapters four through eight, Bradley examines Houston's stylistic Barrie Scardino Bradley. Improbable Metropolis: Houston's Architectural and Urban History. Austin: University of Texas Press, 2020.