Institutions are made up of the interplay of three components: (i) formal rules, (ii) actual practices, and (iii) narratives (the last two are referred to jointly as informal institutional elements). However, lawyers in post-socialist countries do not see law through institutionalist lenses, but often nurture a false and simplistic idea of the law: they consider it to be the sum of rules, often disregarding the actual practices of the rules' addressees and the narratives attached to the law (encompassing everything from the raison d'être and goal of the institution, its symbolism, the public discourse surrounding it, to social attitudes toward the institution). This restricted view makes Hungarian lawyers blind and to a certain extent also defenceless against recent authoritarian tendencies. Institution building has been a moderately successful feat in Hungary. To put it more pessimistically, it has partially failed since the end of socialism, in particular when it comes to actual practices and narratives. In the Hungarian context, consideration of


The consolidation of the silicon photonics ecosystem has gained a lot of momentum in recent years. This is attributed to various initiatives in Europe and elsewhere as well. Despite these efforts, there are still outstanding issues that need to be resolved to further empower fabless end-users through a supply chain that is predictable, low risk, on-time, and provides low-cost services. This paper discusses topics such as design IP, diversity in platforms, access for prototyping (in particular MPW), skilled personnel, and routes for manufacturing in silicon photonics. These issues are of key importance for the development of a high-performance silicon photonics ecosystem. Furthermore, the paper describes how ePIXfab – the European Silicon Photonics Alliance – is playing its role to develop a silicon photonics ecosystem in Europe that can meet end-users expectations consistently.


This research aims to develop a method to assist iterative visual search tasks, and it focuses on visual cognition to achieve effective assistance. As a first step to this goal, we analyzed the participants' gaze behaviors when they visually recognized a target in a VR environment. In the experiment, the effect of visual cognition difficulty (VCD) is considered. Analysis results show that the participants could visually recognize lower-VCD targets at an earlier timing. This suggests that VCD-based guidance may improve task performance.


Abstract Green luminescent zinc sulphide activated with lead has been prepared by coprecipitation. A surface sensitivity of the emission spectrum is established and a participation of adsorbed ions in the luminescent centres located on the surface is assumed.


In a previous paper [3] we gave two methods for constructing subgroups which in certain senses may be considered to be dual to a verbal subgroup Vf(G) of an arbitrary group G. Associated with a word h (u, v) in the two symbols u and v, we have (i) the first dual subgroup which is defined as the minimal subgroup of G containing all elements ξ of G for which for all values of x1, x2, …, in xn in G, and (ii), the second dual subgroup which is defined as the minimal subgroup of G containing all elements z of G for which for all values of x1, x2, …, xn in G. Below we introduce slight variations to these definitions, which give rise to the concepts of the third and the fourth dual subgroups respectively. For certain values of h(u, v) we obtain concepts which also arise from and , namely, the marginal subgroup, the invariable subgroup and the centralizer of a verbal subgroup. We also obtain the new concepts of elemental subgroups and commutal subgroups and briefly sketch some of their properties. Finally we conclude by showing that MacLane's dual for the centralizer of a verbal subgroup is a closely related verbal subgroup.


We study the critical behavior of the pair annihilation model (PAM) with diffusion in one, two and three dimensions, using the pair approximation (PA) and Monte Carlo simulation. Of principal interest is the dependence of the critical creation rate, λc, on the diffusion probability D, in particular, whether survival is possible at arbitrarily small creation rates, for sufficiently rapid diffusion. Whilst the PA predicts that in any spatial dimension d ≥ 1, at some diffusion probability D* < 1 Katori and Konno (1992 Physica A 186 578) showed rigorously that, for d ≤ 2, one has λc > 0 for any D < 1. Our simulation results are consistent with this theorem. In two dimensions, the extinction region becomes narrow as D approaches unity. Our results are well described by , with γ = 1.43(2). In three dimensions we find D* = 0.340 53(1). The simulation results confirm that the PAM belongs to the directed percolation universality class.


Abstract : The terrain analysis system developed at McGill University has been applied in the military training area of Camp Petawawa, Ontario. The study was undertaken to determine the potential of large-scale air photographs (1:5000) in assessing the specific environmental factors which affect the cross-country mobility of military vehicles. Surface composition, macromorphology, micromorphology, and surface cover were considered, and map overlays prepared for each factor. Tests in the area indicated that vehicle performance was similar for areas with similar arrays of terrain characteristics and on this basis successful predictions of speed were made for cross-country test runs traversing a variety of terrain units. Data storage and retrieval are very serious problems in any terrain classification system. Two approaches to this general problem were investigated: the unit land form approach and the computer map approach. (Author)


Abstract Calcium-deficient hydroxylapatites (CDHA) of the composition Ca10-x (HPO4)x(PO4)6-x(OH)2-x where 06×06 are widely used as catalysts in processes like alcohol dehydration, decomposition of acetals, etc.


WHEN in 1876 I had the honor to deliver a Presidential address to this Society I chose as its subject matter ,. Geological Time," I then had the pleasure to lay before you some calculations relating to "Chemical Denudation" which at the time possessed some little novelty. Since the infol'l11ation was published, it has to a certain extent been incorporated with geological literature. The subject was, however, far from being exhausted, nor is it likely to be so for many years yet to come. In the meantime, having accumulated additional facts, it will be part of the object of this address to arrange and analyze them, so as to check the original generalizations and further to illustrate the value in geological speculation of an accurate knowledge of the relati ve magnitude of the various objects and things dealt with. My former calculations dealt almost excltmively with the amount of mattei' annually removed in river water from the surface of England and Wales, and from some of the river basins of Europe. I now propose laying befol'e you calculationA of a similar nature relating to some of the larger rivers of the two Americai'. rrhis done we shall be able to take a wider survey of the subject, and to ascertain how far the provisional generalizations to which previous investigations led are confirmed or otherwise by the greater expel'ience since gained.


Background   The intake of iron is positively related to the risk of diabetes, whilst magnesium intake is inversely related. However, it is unknown whether there is an interaction between dietary magnesium and iron expressed as a ratio and diabetes.


Pulley assembly (1) for a continuously-variable vehicle transmission, comprising a support element (6) having an axis (A), a first half-pulley (9) rotationally connected to the support element (6), a second half-pulley (11) facing the first half-pulley (11) facing the first half-pulley (9) to define a seating (17) adapted to house a drive belt (18), the second half-pulley (11) being axially and circumferentially mobile in relation to the support element (6), and cam means (32) functionally inserted between the second half-pulley (11) and the support element (6) to control the position of the second half-pulley (9).; The cam means (32) define a plurality of circumferential cavities (33) carried by a peripheral portion of the second half-pulley (11), said cavities being defined by the first and second sides (43, 44) which are transverse to axis (A), and comprise a plurality of cams (35) which are connected to the support element (6) and housed in the corresponding circumferential cavities (33) to cooperate selectively with the first and second sides (43, 44).


The active development of the tourism industry is accompanied by an increase in the anthropogenic burden on the environment. In this regard, the organization of tourist activities attracts even more recreational resources, which leads to the transformation of unique natural and historical-cultural landscapes and the loss of their pristine beauty. The work considers the most important geoecological approaches to the study of the tourist and recreational potential of the territory on the example of the Osetr river basin with subsequent assessment of the recreational load and capacity of the natural tourist complex. The results of the assessment of tourism and recreational potential for the development of environmental tourism based on the methods and approaches proposed in the study for the processing and analysis of obtained data will form the basis for the creation of a geoecological passport of the catchment area of the Osetr river basin.


The As diffusion coefficient as a function of its concentration was determined by Boltzmann–Matano analysis of the profiles of the dopant diffusing out of its conjugate phase precipitates during furnace annealing at 900 and 1050 °C of samples heavily doped by ion implantation. This method allowed to assure a constant diffusion source of As and to investigate a doping range attaining 3×1021 cm−3. Along the same lines, the diffusivity versus concentration of specimens heavily implanted with P was determined at 900 and 1000 °C. Dopant profiles were determined by secondary neutral mass spectroscopy. The diffusivity of both As and P increases with dopant content, attaining a maximum at a concentration which closely corresponds to the saturation value of the carrier density, ne, which we previously determined by equilibration annealing of specimens with excess dopant. This finding demonstrates that ne represents the limiting value of the concentration of unclustered dopant at the diffusion temperature. On the c...


Not all of the over one billion users of online social networks (OSNs) are equally valuable to the OSNs. The current business model of monetizing advertisements targeted to users does not appear to be based on any visible grouping of the users. The primary metrics remain CPM (cost per mille---i.e., thousand impressions) and CPC (cost per click) of ads that are shown to users. However, there is significant diversity in the actions of users---some users upload interesting content triggering additional views and comments leading to further cascades of action. Beyond direct impressions, a user's action can generate indirect impressions by actions induced on friends and other users. Identifying the valuable user segments requires examination of profile data, friendships, and most importantly, their activity. Here we explore an alternate approach for measuring the value of users in OSNs by proposing a framework from the viewpoint of a popular OSN. Using a real dataset on the social network and activities of users, we show that a small subset of actions are likely to be key indicators of a user's value. Additionally, by examining the current targeting demographics available in Facebook, we are able to explore the relative (monetary) value that different users represent to the OSN.


ABSTRACT Women faced with a diagnosis of breast cancer as young adults commonly experience negative effects of cancer and cancer treatment on their reproductive and sexual health (RSH) that are inadequately addressed by their healthcare providers (HCPs). The objectives of this study were to 1) identify approaches to improving RSH communication from YA breast cancer survivors' perspectives, 2) identify facilitators and barriers to the approaches identified, and 3) identify specific strategies to improve patient-centered RSH communication. We conducted individual telephone interviews with 29 women who were diagnosed with breast cancer under age 40 years. We used a grounded theory approach to identify themes, and explored how the themes related to the PCC framework to elucidate specific strategies for improving communication. Three main themes emerged: 1) Normalizing and integrating assessment of RSH concerns; 2) HCP conveying genuine caring and investment; and 3) Improving accessibility of comprehensive RSH services after cancer. Results revealed concrete strategies for improving patient-centered RSH communication at the patient-provider and health system levels. These included reminding patients that RSH concerns are common, routinely asking about RSH, using active listening, and connecting patients to HCP who can address their RSH concerns.


1. The saddle-shaped vegetative body of Sewardiella tuberifera consists of a thick central midrib and two lateral thin flattened wings. Often the thallus is dichotomously branched. 2. The older ventral region of the midrib is profusely infected by an unseptate fungal mycelium which is probably in symbiotic relationship with its host. The fungus forms thick-walled vesicles which often fill the entire cavity of the infected cell. 3. The apical cell is tetrahedral with three cutting surfaces. 4. Perennation is accomplished by means of apical tubers. 5. The plants are strictly dioecious. 6. The antheridia are scattered on the dorsal surface of the midrib, each growing in the axil of a bract, though occasionally several may be present in the axil of a larger bract. They develop from the segments close to the apical cell and thus are strictly acropetal. Development is of the type usual in the Jungermanniales. 7. Archegonia of mixed ages are aggregated on the dorsal surface of the midrib into a cluster which is surrounded by bracts. Development follows the usual pattern in the Jungermanniales. The neck is composed of five to eight rows of cells, and as many as nine neck canal cells have been observed. The venter remains a single cell layer thick until fertilization. 8. The bell-shaped perianth develops by zonal growth at the base. The involucral bracts are carried up by this growth and not only form the lacerated margin of the cup but also occur on the inner and outer surfaces of the cup. Thus the perianth is of a composite nature. 9. Mother cells of the spores and elaters belong to the same cell generation. The protoplast of the spore mother cell is four-lobed, and tetrad formation following meiosis results from the deepening of the invaginations. 10. The bulbous foot is of Douin's generalized type, and its basal cells are haustorial in function. The capsule wall has three to four layers of cells, all of which show bands of thickening on the radial and inner walls. The spores are reticulate lamellate, and the small elaters are bi- or trispiral. 11. The haploid chromosome number is nine; the diploid, eighteen.


Unhealthy food intake, physical inactivity, and body image (BI) dissatisfaction could potentially lead to obesity and health problems. This cluster-randomized intervention study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a nutrition and physical activity (PA) intervention on related knowledge, attitudes, and practices among Saudi adolescent girls (aged 13–14) living in Arar City. One hundred thirty-eight girls were selected and recruited randomly from two schools. The respondents in the intervention group (IG; n=68) received a three-month intervention program that consisted of six 90- minute sessions. The participants in the control group (CG; n=70) received only their traditional education and did not receive the intervention program. The groups' total pre-test scores for practices were significantly different; therefore, the pre-test scores were used as covariates. The IG demonstrated significant improvements in knowledge, attitudes, and practices (p<0.001 for all), and improvement in the IG was greater than that in the CG at the post- test and three-month follow-up time points (p<0.001 for both). These findings provide evidence of the significant influence of a nutrition, PA, and positive BI intervention on related knowledge, attitudes, and practices among Saudi adolescent girls.


Test carpets (Table I) were all of tufted, single-level pile construction with jute backing and latex adhesive. Variables included cut and loop pile, single and double backing, pile weight and height, type of fiber, and yarn construction. The single-backed carpets were of loop-pile construction and were produced on a pilot-plant (27-in.) loom. The ,other samples were commercial carpets. All of the yarns were staple, wpol system, except for the nylon yarns which were bulk continuous filament. The samples were dyed in various shades of gold, except for the WI wool carpet which was undyed; the color was obtained by blending in black wool. This carpet also contained Brunsmet metal wire as a static eliminator.


The strength of the 4--0 S(1) transition of H/sub 2/ is 1.54 +- 0.09 x 10/sup -4/ cm/sup -1/ (km amagat)/sup -1/. This is in good agreement with theoretical predictions, but at variance with previously published laboratory measurements. As pressure shift for the same transition was measured to be -0.0065 +- 0.0014 cm/sup -1/ amagat/sup -1/ between 2.58 and 1.65 amagats, which is close to the predicted value of semiempirical theory.


Magnetic actuators require reproducible, small-scale approaches for controlling the magnetic field gradient and direction used to drive the actuation. Here a system of two control magnets is designed to generate the local magnetic fields that are required to actuate a magnetic system and elicit microscale, local deflections. The two control magnets are engineered to have magnetizations preferentially pointing along two orthogonal axes, leading to the coupling of the magnetic flux densities between them and the generation of a field (and gradient) localized with micrometer resolution. To demonstrate the ability of this field to exert an actuation force on a magnetic material, a system composed of the two control magnets and a microscale magnetic beam/cantilever is designed and simulated.


AN analysis of samples taken from Drosophilab hydei populations has shown that a complex series of alleles occurs at the bobbed locus (Spencer, 1938; in press). During the course of this analysis most of the wild flies tested were mated only to one bobbed tester stock. Such experiments were adequate to demonstrate the genetic variability existing at the bobbed locus, but were not designed to furnish critical evidence on the gene-substrate theory recently developed by Stern (1943; Stern and Schaeffer, 1943; see also Wright, 1941). However, ill the course of the bobbed investigation one small. experiment was set up, the results of which are of interest in this connection. Twenty-two males, all phenotypically normal, collected from a citrus dump near Azusa, Southern California, were each mated separately to females from a Wooster bobbed tester stock, the females of which had bristles of grade 20 (posterior scutellars about 400 microns in length) ; these same males were then mated to females from Berkeley bobbed tester stock, the females of which had bristles of grade 28 (posterior scutellars about 590 microns in length). The maximum bristle grade of females of this species is 33 (posterior seutellars about 690 microns in length). In Table 1 the results of these tests are given. It will be noted that 7 of the males tested gave pheiiotypically bobbed daughters with the Wooster grade 20 tester and one of the males gave pheno-


In recent days, the proliferation of environmental effect from the industries like electric vehicles, automation become more popular. Compared to induction and permanent magnet motors, the Switched reluctance motor have rugged construction, less torque ripple and acoustic noise So, the motivation of this research is to design Switched reluctance motor (SRM) for Electric vehicle applications using super core magnetic material. The design has been carried out on the SRM machine configuration of 8/6, 0.55kW and 1500RPM. The designed parameters are validated through the Finite Element analysis (FEM) using the Ansys Maxwell Software. The flux has distributed uniformly to reduce the losses. In order to get the accurate results, the Electromagnetics 17.2 software is used to analyse the desirable characteristics of Switched reluctance motor such as flux linkage, losses and efficiency.


It has been argued that a certain large $N$ matrix model may provide a non-perturbative definition of $M$-theory. This model is the truncation to $0+1$ dimensions of ten-dimensional supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory. It is crucial to this identification that terms with four derivatives in the effective action for the quantum mechanics should not be renormalized. We offer a perturbative proof of this result.


Alcohol is among the most common substance to be co-administered with a variety of other drugs. It is frequently used simultaneously (i.e., on the same occasion) with cocaine. The objective of this qualitative investigation was to explore the patterns, contexts, functions, harmful consequences, risk-taking behaviors, and gender differences associated with the simultaneous use of cocaine and alcohol. In-depth semi-structured interviews with simultaneous alcohol and cocaine users were conducted at a residential treatment centre in Ontario, Canada (n=10). Two independent coders conducted a content analysis of the transcripts. Results revealed that method of cocaine use was an important variable when describing a simultaneous use occasion. There was a wide variety of reported contexts, functions, and harms associated with simultaneous alcohol and cocaine use. This research contributes to a better understanding of the patterns, functions, and contexts of simultaneous use, along with the corresponding risk taking behaviors and harms in treatment clients.


A boat bow ladder comprising a mounting bracket facilely cradled to the bow of a boat preferably by means of an existing eye used to connect the bow of the boat to a trailer when transporting the boat by land. The mounting bracket accommodates manual placement and removal of the angular ladder portions of the ladder, the ladder portion comprising a bracket engaging main leg pivotally mounted adjacent one end thereof to one end of a second main leg having a plurality of rungs, the pivotal connection accommodating placement of the ladder portion in either a stored position or a use position whereby access to and from the boat is conveniently provided at the bow.


HD 8673 hosts a massive exoplanet in a highly eccentric orbit (e = 0.723). Based on two epochs of speckle interferometry a previous publication identified a candidate stellar companion. We observed HD 8673 multiple times with the 10 m Keck II telescope, the 5 m Hale telescope, the 3.63 m Advanced Electro-Optical System telescope, and the 1.5 m Palomar telescope in a variety of filters with the aim of confirming and characterizing the stellar companion. We did not detect the candidate companion, which we now conclude was a false detection, but we did detect a fainter companion. We collected astrometry and photometry of the companion on six epochs in a variety of filters. The measured differential photometry enabled us to determine that the companion is an early M dwarf with a mass estimate of 0.33–0.45 M ⊙ ?> . The companion has a projected separation of 10 AU, which is one of the smallest projected separations of an exoplanet host binary system. Based on the limited astrometry collected, we are able to constrain the orbit of the stellar companion to a semimajor axis of 35–60 AU, an eccentricity ≤ ?> 0.5, and an inclination of 75°–85°. The stellar companion has likely strongly influenced the orbit of the exoplanet and quite possibly explains its high eccentricity.


Abstract : The purpose of this MBA Project was to determine whether or not a Senator or Representative's previous military service had any influence on how he or she supported defense appropriations. During the course of this project, four shipbuilding programs over the previous twenty years were analyzed: LCS, MCM-1, LPD-17, and DDG-51. This research showed that military experience does have a positive effect of Department of Defense Appropriations at the committee level. Some Senators and Representatives, who lacked military experience, actually appeared to be against military spending. In both cases, though, the effects of military experience were outweighed by a much larger concern. Where a ship was actually built had a much larger effect on how much Congressional support that particular program received. Therefore, from the results of this study, one can extrapolate that where a particular program is built has a significantly greater impact on Congressional support than does prior military experience.


Security people are never in charge unless an acute embarrassment has occurred. Otherwise, their advice is tempered by "economic reality," which is to say that security is a means, not an end. This is as it should be. Since means are about tradeoffs, security is about trade-offs, but you knew all that. Our tradeoff decisions can be hard to make, and these hard-to-make decisions come in two varieties. One type occurs when the uncertainty of the alternatives is so great that they can't be sorted in terms of probable effect. As such, other factors such as familiarity or convenience will drive the decision. This, too, is as it should be.


Accumulating evidence suggests that motor symptoms other than resting tremors are affected by coexisting cognitive decline in Parkinson's disease (PD). These cognitive and motor interactions are characterized by the extent to which a concurrent cognitive task affects motor task performance in a dual‐task paradigm. Many studies have investigated cognitive‐postural/locomotor dual‐task interference in PD. Consistent with the notion that bipedal locomotor control requires high cortical demand, previous studies observed greater "dual‐task cost" in patients with PD compared with healthy subjects. This suggests that a segregated cortico‐basal ganglia network is involved in cognitive‐motor dual‐tasking and that cortico‐basal ganglia dysfunction would increase dual‐task interference in patients with PD. In addition, cortico‐brainstem networks may also play an important role in cognitive‐locomotor dual‐task interference. Herein, we discuss possible theoretical models and neural underpinnings of dual‐task interference in PD and future clinical applications of the dual‐task paradigm.


The goal of this article is to explore a Flemish intervention designed to support teacher educators' professional development in general, and teacher educators' role as researchers in particular. First, the article briefly describes how teacher educators' professional development in Flanders (Belgium) is currently organised, and elaborates on the relevance of practitioner research to support teacher educators' professional development (conceptualised as the development of a researcherly disposition). Then the results of an explorative qualitative study are presented. In particular, 16 institution-based Flemish teacher educators participated in a six-month intervention on practitioner research specifically designed to support their professional development. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to advance insight into the impact of the intervention. The findings suggest positive changes in teacher educators' practice and professional development; and show the potential of individual practitioner research to the broader knowledge base on teacher education


Accurate pedestrian detection in highly crowded surveillance videos is a challenging task, since the regions of pedestrians in the videos may be largely occluded by other pedestrians. In this paper, we propose an effective part-based deep network cascade (HsNet) to solve this problem. In this model, the part-based scheme effectively restrains the appearance variations of pedestrians caused by heavy occlusion. The deep network captures discriminative information of visible body parts. In addition, the cascade architecture enables very fast detection. We make experiments on one of the largest surveillance video dataset, namely TRECVid SED Pedestrian Dataset (SED-PD). It is shown that in highly crowded surveillance videos, our proposed method achieves very competitive performance compared with state-of-the-art methods. More importantly, our method is significantly faster.


Abstract One of the methods of increasing the efficiency of the electrospark treatment (EST) of metallic surfaces is investigated. On the basis of the experimental results, it is shown that combining the EST with other methods produces the surface layers on components with new, improved high-quality and strength characteristics and widens the range of application of the EST.


We investigated the native-state dynamics of the Bacillus caldolyticus cold-shock protein mutant Bc-Csp L66E, using fluorescence and appropriate molecular dynamics methods. Two fluorescence lifetimes were found, the amplitudes of which agree very well with tryptophan rotamer populations, obtained from parallel tempering calculations. Rotamer lifetimes were predicted by transition-state theory from high-temperature simulations. Transition pathways were extracted from the transition rates between individual rotameric states. The molecular dynamics also reveal the loop fluctuations in the native state.


This paper introduces top-down design method,and uses this method to design reducer in NX.By combining topdown design method and NX parametric,and through the establishment of reducer control structure,the overall structure control is achieved.The wave function and "expression" function of NX is used to achieve a gradual transfer of parameters,the link of parameters between each part,concurrent design of the parts and automated assembly.


the Irish National Teachers' Organisation voted to make physical drill an optional rather than a compulsory subject, after which it was largely down to individual school principals whether PE should form part of the school curriculum. For the rest of the century PE remained a marginalised subject in Southern Irish schools, even after it became – ostensibly at least – a compulsory subject once again after the revised primary school curriculum of 1971. In Northern Ireland, PE featured more widely and more regularly in schools' offerings, although down to the late 1960s it is probable that Catholic pupils in the underfunded voluntary sector received less PE teaching than their Protestant counterparts. A significant milestone was the establishment at Jordanstown in 1953 of a specialist PE teacher training college for female teachers, although male teachers who wanted to specialise in PE had to continue travelling to Britain (which Curran frequently refers to as "mainland Britain") for several years afterwards for their training. Curran's discussion of the impact of the Troubles on PE and sports in Northern Ireland's schools is particularly illuminating. Even though Northern Ireland's pupils seem to have been better provided than the Republic of Ireland's with facilities for and opportunities to engage in PE in the final decades of the twentieth century, the abiding impression from this important book is that a very large number of pupils on both sides of the border were often sold short in this key area of education.


HIGH SCHOOL BOYS' BASKETBALL AND THE SOCIAL STRUCTURE OF SUBURBAN, RURAL, AND URBAN HIGH SCHOOL COMMUNITIES: A COMPARA TIVE CASE STUDY Jason K. Miller November 20, 2008 This study examined the relationship between high school boys' basketball and the social structure of a suburban, rural, and urban high school in the lower Midwest. These schools surround a metropolitan area of approximately one million people. The researcher used interviews, observations. and mining of documents to collect data. The study answered four research questions. The first question addressed the social structure of the three schools. Each school contained a group associated with sport participation called "jock" or "athlete." The second research question examined how boys' basketball participation affected social group membership and the associated positive and negative aspects. At each school, boys' basketball assisted in "jock" or "athlete" group membership. Boys' basketball players, however, had dual membership in two social groups at each school. The third research question examined how boys' basketball participation offered opportunities or limited upward mobility within the school and beyond. All three schools showed boys' basketball as an overall positive in this regard, but questions of how much occurred at the rural and urban school. Research question four served as a cross-case analysis regarding the role of boys' basketball within


The purpose of these notes is to provide some insight into Gaussian basis set technology as implemented in the CRYSTAL Hartree-Fock/density functional theory program for periodic systems. Essential differences between basis sets appropriate for use in solids and those used in purely molecular codes are explained. Examples of how to choose appropriate basis sets for particular problems, hints on basis set development, and some simple exercises are also included.


Identity Development of College Students will be a valuable textbook for student development courses, especially for advanced classes examining identity development specifically. Scholars of identity development will find its presentation of theory particularly helpful as they consider theoretical foundations for their research. Practitioners will benefit from the overview of identity development theoretical approaches as they seek to better understand the complexity of identity exhibited by the students with whom they work. While other authors have presented specific identity development theories (for example, Baxter Magolda, 2001, 2009; Chickering & Reisser, 1993; Kegan, 1982) and overviews of identity development theory in book chapters (Evans et al., 2010), Jones and Abes have provided the only comprehensive booklength explanation of identity development from its origins to a foreshadowing of its future evolution. The student development literature would certainly be advanced if other scholars provided similar treatments of the other two aspects of student development: cognitive and interpersonal development.


Abstract Prolactin (PRL) secretion from the anterior pituitary gland is inhibited by dopamine (DA) released into the hypophysial portal vasculature from neurons in the hypothalamus. We have shown previously that DA also stimulates PRL secretion in vitro. Here we report that DA has a dual effect on PRL release in vivo. Injection of rats with α-methyl-p-tyrosine (200 mg/kg, ip) induced an immediate 35-fold enhancement of PRL secretion which reached a plateau by 90 min after injection on diestrus 1. When DA was infused intravenously at varying doses beginning at 90 min after α-methyl-p-tyrosine, differing effects on PRL secretion were observed. These effects were dose dependent: higher doses of DA (1000 ng/kg/min) inhibited and lower doses (10 ng/kg/min) stimulated PRL secretion. These data suggest that DA may be an important stimulator of PRL secretion in vivo.


The general time-independent collision theory formulation for the bimolecular rate constant has been adapted for the description of hot atom systems. Two types of hot atom energy distribution functions have been considered in an application to the /sup 18/F+H/sub 2/ reaction system: (i) a delta-function distribution, and (ii) a steady-state Maxwellian distribution characterized by a hot atom temperature T/sub A/. From the time-independent solution of the Boltzmann equation together with microscopic reactive cross sections determined from quasiclassical trajectory computations, nonthermal /sup 18/F+D/sub 2/ processes. The results showed little sensitivity to the assumed shape of the hot atom energy distribution or to the magnitude of the barrier height along the reaction coordinate. The intermolecular kinetic isotope effect kappa/sub H/2/kappa/sub D/2 provided a sensitive probe of the average energy of hot reaction, suggesting an average /sup 18/F laboratory kinetic energy of 50 +- 10 eV for the /sup 18/F+H/sub 2/ process under nuclear recoil conditions. (AIP)


The model of 2 x 2 coordination games in Kandori, Mailath, and Rob (Econometrica 1993) is extended to allow for a mutation rate that is stochastic over time. The expected time the system spends in the risk dominated equilibrium is systematically underestimated by the standard model in Kandori, Mailath, and Rob (Econometrica 1993) when the latter model's (fixed) mutation rate is equal to the expected mutation rate. A small population result corrects a minor omission in Kandori, Mailath, and Rob (Econometrica 1993).


When unexpected outcomes occur in wildland fire, reports from incident reviews carry a symbolic value beyond the factual information they contain . Popular perception of incident reviews is that the organization has identified the root cause with an eye toward system change, and that the final report chronicles "the" final, definitive, and authoritative version of events . However, participant comments from a series of dialogue sessions on Learning from Escaped Prescribed Reviews reveal that authors, subjects and readers of reports engage in a much more complex process of audience analysis that affects the writing, the reading and ultimately the credibility, of incident reports . Accounts from report writers attest to the weight given to the delegating authority (a specific local audience about which many public readers may be unaware), but also an ongoing sensitivity to potential reactions by other audiences . Accounts from report subjects and readers suggest that in addition to assessing how well a report addresses their own realities and needs, they also simultaneously assess a report's fitness for other audiences (i .e .,, what's in it for me, and what's my assessment of what's in it for them?) . Internal audiences include the local crew, home unit, line officers, region, national and specific wildland fire subculture (e .g .,, wildland fire modules, burn bosses) . External audiences include cooperators, neighbors, regulators and political constituents . Given the multiple audiences that exist and that are brought to the text by writers and readers, and given the time and financial costs involved in reviewing incidents, report writers may be being asked to engage in a Herculean task in writing a single report for a universal audience within a tight time frame . Thus, the study may have implications for how reviews and deliverables ought to be structured to meet the needs of different audiences . The findings also provide clues about the effects that reports can have on organizational culture, operations (including learning) and reputation management with constituents . Because participants talked about more than just escaped prescribed fire, findings could be generalized to incident reviews for all types of fire operations and outcomes .


Accident caused by the manufactured products is always a serious problem. In order to decrease such accidents and to protect the consumers, a unified consumer accident information system is needed. In Japan, the government has started to put more efforts on improving the accident information collecting system. However, an effective risk evaluation method based on such information has not been established. In this paper, we proposed a method for product risk assessment, based on a hazard matrix and a risk matrix. The data of product accidents were classified by applying the world standards concerning safety and injury. We applied the data of toy product accidents, which was extracted from the NITE accident database to verify the feasibility and utility of the proposed method. Language: ja


Objective: Endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) regenerate endothelium in several cardiovascular pathologies. Nevertheless, cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension, could impair the EPC physiology required for this reendotelization. Microparticles harboring Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) (MP+) correct endothelial dysfunction in animal models and on endothelial cells. Recently, we developed a method to obtain human EPC from peripheral blood. Our aims were to test the effect of MP+ on expression of endothelial-associated genes and to evaluate nitric oxide (NO) production and vasculogenesis in cultured human EPC. Design and method: EPC isolated from peripheral blood of five healthy donnors were exposed for 24 hours to MP+ generated from human lymphoid cell line under mitogenic conditions. The gene expression of endothelial-relevant genes (eNOS, VEGF, VCAM, ICAM and E-Selectin) was determined by quantitative RT-PCR. Protein expression and phosphorylation of eNOS were measured by Western Blot and NO production was assessed by DAF-FM diacetate probe. In vitro vasculogenesis was performed by Matrigel assay. Results: Exposure to MP+ increased EPC gene expression of eNOS, VEGF and ICAM (p < 0.001 vs. control) whereas VCAM and E-Selectin were downregulated (p < 0.05 vs. control). The regulation of NO showed that eNOS expression and phosphorylation were increased (180% and 210% of control values, respectively, p < 0.05), thus resulting in increased NO production (212% of control values, p < 0.001). The in vitro vasculogenic capacity, evaluated by the formation of tubular-like structures, was increased by 254% (p < 0.01 vs. control) in MP+ exposed EPC. Conclusions: Microparticles harboring Shh are able to switch EPC gene expression profile towards and enhancement of NO production and vasculogenic capacity. Therefore, MP+ could be considered as a new therapeutic tool for improving EPC endothelial function that can be used for treating patients suffering cardiovascular conditions.


OBJECTIVES
We sought to outline an optimistic yet achievable goal for future US smoking prevalence rates based on empirical evidence reflecting the success of smoking control efforts in California.

METHODS
Using a dynamic model and the smoking initiation and cessation rates achieved in California as a guide, we projected US adult smoking prevalence rates through the year 2020.

RESULTS
If smoking initiation and cessation rates for the nation do not change, population dynamics will result in smoking prevalence rates falling to 19.1% in 2010 and 16.8% in 2020. If the country attains California's initiation and cessation rates by 2010, adult smoking prevalence rates will be 18.5% in 2010 and 14.7% as of 2020.

CONCLUSIONS
If California's smoking initiation and cessation rates are attained nationwide, the US smoking prevalence rate could be 5.9 percentage points lower than the 2005 rate by the year 2020, and there would be 10.2 million fewer smokers than in 2005. A target of 14% smoking prevalence by 2020 is aggressive yet feasible, given that it takes into account the constraints imposed by population demographics.


This article describes a qualitative investigation of environmental ethics as construed by environmental activists. Twenty-nine participants responded in writing to open-ended questions on their definitions of an environmental ethic, how they expressed and experienced this moral orientation in their lives, and what sustained it. Four major themes emerged. First, ethical consideration of the natural environment pervaded morality, values, and private and public life. Second, emotional or spiritual experiences, or personal fulfillment, were important for many. Third, there was disagreement on the relationships among environmental principles, intentions, and behaviors, as well as the necessity of prescribing specific behaviors. Finally, there were diverse views on the role of humanitarian concerns in an environmental ethic. These themes are discussed in terms of parallels to religious experience, motivations for an environmental ethic, and implications for nonenvironmental realms of ethics and justice.


The chaotic characteristic of the autonomy system is studied with nonlinear dynamics theory.The chaotic attractor and periods are got by means of numerical simulation with different parameter values.When the abundance dynamic behavior is presented by the global bifurcation graph and Poincare section.The phenomena of the doubling-periodic bifurcation and doubling-periodic converse bifurcation are found when the local of the global bifurcation graph is magnified.The system is controlled by the delayed feedback.The result indicated that the chaotic motions of the system can be successfully converted to the stable periodic orbits after the method is used to control chaos when the delayed force is added to the first equation or second equation.


This paper describes the unmanned underwater remotely operated vehicle (ROV) designed as a cost-effective platform for underwater inspection. The subsystems composing our system are discussed. Control system architecture has also been presented. The experiment results have shown that the ROV can execute basic movements such as surge, sway, heave, and yaw.


2,2'-Biphenanthroline (2,2'-biphen) formed from 1,10-phenanthroline when a new two-dimensional layered vanadium oxide metal coordination complex, [(2,2'-biphen)Co]V3O8.5, which contains novel 4,8,10-net sheets, was hydrothermally synthesized.


Hand gestures are a rich source of information in communication, particularly in communication of spatial concepts which are fundamental to engineering design tasks. However, there are many ways to convey gestures. For example, cursors can be used make simple gestures, so are hand images really necessary, or are simpler approaches sufficient? The work described in this paper is an evaluation comparing collaboration for a spatial design/drawing when users collaborate by three different methods: face-to-face, virtual sketching, and virtual sketching with the hand gestures of the virtual collaborators projected on the drawing surface. We found that users' performance in the face-to-face collaboration was almost identical to virtual collaboration with hand images. Virtual collaboration without hand images was significantly more difficult. These results suggest that rich hand gestures conveyed with the hands in face-to-face settings are important in joint spatial tasks; their loss reduces effectiveness in virtual collaboration on such tasks, but the addition of hand images projected on a joint work surface can restore effectiveness to levels similar to that of face-to-face collaboration.


In this paper, a novel unconditionally stable alternating direction implicit finite-different time-domain method (ADI-FDTD) called the one-step ADI-FDTD method is presented, where the calculation for one discrete time step is performed using only one procedure, but not the original two sub-updating procedures. Consequently, the proposed one-step ADI-FDTD methods have consumed less computer memory and computation resources and have been faster than the conventional ADI-FDTD methods. We analytically and numerically verified that the new algorithm is unconditionally stable and free from the Courant condition.


Sethe,a female slave,a wife,meanwhile a mother who had been oppressed by the system of slavery expressed her motherhood in an extremely malformed way.Her multi-identity made her lose herself.She escaped from the slaveholder,but she still did not get the free spirit,and still had the enslavement character.Her love to Beloved was deep,with some guiltiness,but it was also a malformed love,which made her become to degenerate and get a personality split.The girl who came back after eighteen years,actually,was Sethe herself.The process of being together with Beloved is the struggle against another imagined Sethe.At last with the help of the black community and white people,Sethe got her real psychological emancipation.


Interactions between pharmaceutical representatives and pharmacists are increasing. This study aimed to evaluate pharmacists' views towards the drug promotion conducted by sales representatives in Indonesia. Adopting a cross-sectional survey study design, pharmacists completed questionnaires (n=120) to examine attitudes toward drug promotion by sales representatives, perception of the impact of drug promotion on attitudes and knowledge, and their experience in training in dealing with sales representatives and drug promotion. A total of 120 pharmacists participated in the study, of these; the majority of the respondents were females (80.83%) and aged 30-45 years (45.00%). Most respondents (55.83%) had experience in practice collaboration with doctors. However, only a small number of respondents (25.83%) were trained in drug promotion ethics. Approximately 71.67% of pharmacists do not agree with pharmaceutical company support of conferences and speakers, and the majority of respondents (73.33%) do not agree on the appropriateness of gifts provided by pharmaceutical companies. The majority of respondents believe that discussions with sales representatives impact prescribing (76.67%) and receiving gifts influences prescribing (72.50%). We found that majority of pharmacists accept promotion as a source of drug promotion and promotion as a source of information for the introduction of new medicines. Teaching the ethics or effects of drug company promotion has been never taught in pharmacy education. It is recommended that the structured curriculum of pharmacy education include courses/discussion groups on the ethical relationship between pharmacists and pharmaceutical companies.


Recent studies have shown that peripheral circuits, including decoders, wordline drivers, input and output drivers, contribute a large fraction of the overall cache leakage. In addition, as technology migrates to smaller geometries, leakage contribution to total power consumption increases faster than dynamic power, indicating that leakage will be a major contributor to overall power consumption. This paper proposes a combination of circuit and architectural techniques to maximize leakage power reduction in embedded processors on-chip caches by targeting leakage in cache peripheral circuits. At the circuit level, we propose a novel design with multiple sleep modes for cache peripherals. Each mode represents a trade-off between leakage reduction and wakeup delay. Architectural control is proposed to decide when and how to use these different low-leakage modes by utilizing cache miss information to guide its action. The control is based on simple state machines that do not impact area or power consumption and can thus be used even in resource-constrained processors. Experimental results indicate that the proposed techniques can keep the data cache peripherals in one of the low-power modes for more than 85% of total execution time. The instruction cache is in one of the low power modes for an average of 50% of the time. This translates to an average leakage power reduction of 50% for DL1 and 30% for IL1 in 65nm technology. The energy-delay product is reduced, on average, by up to 21%. The overall processor power is reduced by up to 18% and by an average of 11% to 14%.


Abstract : An experimental study of the mode-locking process in erbium-doped fiber lasers (EDFL's) operating at 1.55 microns using multiple quantum well saturable absorbers is presented. The self-starting passively mode-locked laser was constructed in a Fabry-Perot configuration using the saturable absorber as the back reflector of the cavity. Picosecond pulses that range from 14.2 to 38.8 ps were generated using a series of saturable absorbers. The pulse widths were dependent upon the optical properties of the saturable absorber used as the mode-locking element. The output power of the EDFL varied from 0.2 to 6.7 mW and was also dependent upon the saturable absorber used in the cavity. Soliton mode-locking using saturable absorbers was the mechanism responsible for the generation of the picosecond pulses by the EDFL. The long-lived carrier lifetime in the quantum wells was the primary optical property of the saturable shorter that determined the final pulse width.


The computer modeling is carried out for parameter of sensitivity of optoelectronic chemical and biosenso rs, using phenomena of surface plasmon resonance (SPR). The p hysical model of SPR-sensor's is described with (or without) of m odifications of sensitive gold film surface by a dielectric layer. The variants of increasing of sensitivity for SPR-biosensors, const ructed on the principle gold – dielectric – biomolecular layer ar e considered. Two methods of mathematical treatment of SPR-curve are compared – traditional, with estimation of sensor's response a shift of the SPRcurve minimum and proposed, for system with dielect ric layer, using calculating of the derivative in the point of SPR-c urve half-width. Keywords—Surface Plasmon Resonance, modeling, sensitivity, biosensor


Abstract Phosphorus (P) responses for two white clover (Trifolium repens L.) genotypes, previously selected for aluminium (Al) tolerance, were compared with those for two P‐efficient genotypes over a range of soil‐extractable Al levels. The Al‐tolerant genotypes had similar P response characteristics to the P‐efficient genotypes. One of the P‐efficient genotypes showed as much Al tolerance as the genotypes originally selected for Al tolerance. The implications for plant breeding are that it is possible to select white clover genotypes that are Al‐tolerant without increasing the need for P fertiliser.


The method for the online reference authorization based on asymmetric cryptographic algorithm that the invention discloses a kind of; including registers entities and online reference authorization; registers entities are mainly that entity and credit information service reach common understanding before reference, confirm entity unique key, are used for subsequent data protection;Licensing for data is credit information service's verifying Entity Authorization, sends information to the process of reference user.The validity that credit information service in the method for the present invention passes through digital signature technology verifying authorization, and by by data encryption be can only entity decryption information pass to reference user, it is decrypted in person by entity and gives reference user, ensure that the safety of the reliability and information of authorization;The method of the present invention may be implemented to authorize online, is easy to identify, greatly increases authorization efficiency and safety, for data acquisition, transmission, storage and uses, preferably protects individual privacy.


Real estate evaluation can have various influences on the society in many aspects,and bring all kinds of danger. Real estate evaluation not only can bring dangers to evaluation agency and the staff,but also to government,interest invested parts. Distempered internal control is the main reason to bring dangers to real estate evaluation agency. Therefore,real estate evaluation agency can avoid and control dangers only by making the internal control system be perfect. So the current important task is to strengthen the internal control of real estate evaluation agency. Design the internal control from the business process is helpful to improve the whole level of the business internal control. Real estate evaluation agency can avoid all kinds of dangers caused by being out control of internal control in business process only by strictly following scientific and reasonable business process operation.


It is evidence that the useful life of the photovoltaic generator, as its correct operation, define the production and the profitability of a photovoltaic installation. There are several aspects that cause descents in the level of production of the generator and therefore losses in the installation. Based on it, it has developed numerous of both corrective and preventive maintenance that avoid these circumstances. Along the document there are revised the possible defects that the photovoltaic generator can have and the techniques of detection of the same ones. Inside the techniques of analysis and examination [1] we will center on the very concrete one: the visual inspection and its development by image analysis tools with Matlab. The techniques used are part of the tool "Image processing toolbox" that provides a finished set of algorithms of standard reference and graphic hardware to the prosecution, the analysis and the visualization of images and the development of complementary algorithms. Across the employment and the adaptation of some of the included algorithms it will be claimed to approach a step more specializing in the conventional visual analysis used in the maintenance of the plants of photovoltaic solar energy. Keywords-photovoltaic module, visual inspection , Matlab, image processing, defect.


Provided is a wind-powered electricity generating apparatus in which strain can be monitored with high accuracy on windmill blades or a tower. This wind-powered electricity generating apparatus comprises: a tower that is installed on land or on sea, and that serves as a strut for a generator; a nacelle that is provided on the tower, and in which the generator is incorporated; and a rotor that is provided at one end of the nacelle, and that includes a plurality of blades and a hub which receive wind and convert the same into rotational energy. At least one of the plurality of blades is provided with a semiconductor strain sensor that detects strain generated in the blade.


AJ-Mg alloy (5052) composite reinforced with Si_3N_4 particulates was investigated by transmission electron microscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy. Partial melting was observed at matrix/reinforcement interfaces and matrix grain boundaries at a temperature near an optimum superplastic temperature. Segregation of solute elements (Mg and Si) was observed at the interfaces and grain boundaries. Both partial melting and solute segregation were found to depend on grain boundaries. The obtained results were explained by a decrease of the solidus temperature due to segregation whose extent depends on the type of the grain boundary structure.


ABSTRACT American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/NA) mothers are at an increased risk for postpartum mental health disorders. One risk factor for developing a disorder is maladaptive beliefs about becoming a mother (BAM). The maternal role transition is measured using scales that often assess the risk of developing postpartum depression (PPD). AI/AN women have had their motherhood historically marginalized through forced sterilizations and the removal of their children. As such, a review of the literature is warranted to evaluate the validity of BAM measures with AI/AN populations. This review included 36 studies and assessed BAM measures for reliability and validity. Only five studies included AI/AN populations. As such, this review indicates BAM measurements have not been used reliably with AI/AN populations. Further research needs to be conducted to understand the culturally specific mothering practices of AI/AN mothers before BAM measures can be used to assess postpartum mental health disorders for this population.


The author has written numerous Forth programming language articles for various publications of the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). These principally include the SIGForth Newsletter (1989 Ð 1994) and Sigplan Notices (1996 Ð 2006). These ACM journals also have included the work of several guest authors writing about Forth. This paper discusses some of the highlights of this fifteen-year epoch, which has informed a generation of computer professionals about the Forth language. 1 SIGForth: a Partnership of Forth Professionals and the ACM Last year marked an unusual event: fifteen years of professional Forth articles and papers appearing in publications of the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). From the beginning, this pairing was unexpected: after all, the ACM (founded in 1947, with a current membership near 80,000) is the world's oldest computing society [1]. Forth, on the other hand, is supposedly an arcane, non-mainstream, seldom-used programming language. Its role has been described [2]: ÒHardware engineers love Forth. Traditional computer scientists hate itÓ. Within this relatively unfavorable context, in 1988 George W. Shaw II of California, convinced ACM to let him and several friends create SIGForth (the special interest group for the Forth programming language). The following year the new ACM SIGForth generated two significant milestones: the first SIGForth Workshop and the SIGForth Newsletter. At the first ACM SIGForth Workshop (Austin, Texas) presentations were given by Forth authorities such as: Robert Davis, Gary Feierbach, Larry Forsley, Tom Hand, Rick Hoselton, Howard Leverenz, Greg Lisle, Brian Mikiten, Leonard Morgenstern, Dietrich Neubert, George Shaw, Virgil Stamps, Rick VanNorman, Jack Woehr and myself [3]. The 1990 Workshop was held in Dallas and the 1991 meeting in San Antonio. Additional authors at these conferences included: Warren Bean, Alan Furman, Charles Johnsen, Phil Koopman, John Orr, Frank Sergeant, Paul Snow, John Wavrik, and others [4]. Chuck Moore spoke at the 1992 Workshop. The SIGForth Newsletter would become a quarterly publication of about 32 pages, from Vol. 1, Issue 1, April 1989, to Vol. 4, Issue 4, December 1994). I reported on the first two years of SIGForth at the 1990 Rochester Forth Conference [5]. Later I described in detail what it was like to put together a publication like the Newsletter [6].


They can because they think they can. Virgil In the previous chapter, we described LP and illustrated its application to solve some interesting problems in wireless networks. In this chapter, we describe convex programming [11], which is a popular tool to solve a wide range of problems in wireless networks. In terms of problem space, LP can be viewed as a special case of convex optimization. To facilitate our description, we define the following terms: Convex set : A set is convex if for any two of its elements z 1 and z 2 and for any λ ∈ [0, 1], λz 1 + ( 1 − λ)z 2 is also an element of this set. For example, the set { (x, y) : x 2 + y 2 ≤ 1} is a convex set but the set { (x, y) : 1 ≤ x 2 + y 2 ≤ 2} is not a convex set. Convex and concave functions : A function f (x) is a convex function if for any x 1 and x 2 and any λ ∈ [0, 1], f (λx 1 + (1 − λ)x 2 ) ≤ λf (x 1 ) + (1 − λ)f (x 2 ), where x can be a single variable or a vector of variables.


The invention provides an energy storage and conversion system which is applied to fixed fields such as load regulation in power grid, widn power generation and the like. Flywheel energy storage is adopted, a routine synchronous or asynchronous motor/generator is connected with a power grid, and homopolar electromagnetic transmission (HET) is adopted as stepless speed change torque change transmission equipment between a flywheel and a motor. The better scheme of the flywheel is to adopt a vertical type flexible flywheel structure or a suspension type flexible flywheel structure, and the suspension type flexible flywheel structure is especially suitable for the flywheel of large mass. The suspension type flexible flywheel structure can solve the unbalance and resonance problem when a rotor is simply supported by combination of a flywheel body and a rotating shaft as usual. An axial support permanent magnet bearing on a vertical type rotating shaft can solve the gravity support problem of the large-mass flywheel. A flexible connection multi-body flywheel body of the flywheel facilitates manufacturing and improvement of energy storage volume density. An energy input/output conversion system composed of the HET and a common motor solves the problem that a motor is large in calorific power and poor in heat radiation, cannot be limited in the aspect of transmission power, and is high in equipment power density, low in cost and high in energy conversion efficiency.


The present invention relates to a radioactivity measuring device for measuring radioactivity without the loss of radioactivity particles. The radioactivity measuring device comprises a sampler for sampling radioactivity samples from an exhaust pipe in which air containing the radioactivity particles flows; a sample detector which is arranged close to the exhaust pipe, and which comprises a particle collecting filter for filtering the radioactivity particles contained in the radioactivity samples and a first radioactivity detector for detecting the radioactivity of the radioactivity particles filtered by the particle collecting filter; a sample transferring pipe extended from the sample detector to transfer the radioactivity samples without the radioactivity particles; a sample transferring pump installed in the sample transferring pipe to provide suction force by which the radioactivity samples is transferred along the sample transferring pipe; and a gaseous radioactivity detector arranged on the sample transferring pipe to detect the radioactivity of the radioactivity samples without the radioactivity particles.


In this paper we use the framework of communities of practice (CoP) to analyze the interaction of low-income Latino parents and the school system. In particular we use the concept of boundary practices (Wenger, 1998) to address the moments of inclusion or exclusion of parents in their children's mathematics education. The view of learning of mathematics as participation in particular communities brings to the forefront current power imbalances. There is an imminent need for mathematical practices that include mathematics as a cultural activity that draws on the resources of members of different communities, including parents.


This paper examines the action of medical doctors and policemen during the yellow fever epidemic in Buenos Aires (1871). Even though during the XIX century epidemics were frequent, the yellow fever one constitutes a break, not only because of its scope and material effects on the city, but also because it opened a crisis of hegemonic discourses. In particular, the paper scrutinizes the effects of the yellow fever epidemics on the figures of doctors and policemen, who were redesigned in light of tropes of heroism and sacrifice.


A new fluorescent DNA probe,{2-(2-thienyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline-κN7,κN8}bis(1,10-phenanthroline-κN1,κN10)nickel(Ⅱ)complex,in total yield of 38.2%,was synthesized from 1,10-phenanthroline by oxidation,condensation and complexation.The structure was characterized by MS and elemental analysis.


Magnetorheological elastomers (MREs) are a class of smart materials composed of an elastomer and micron-sized magnetic particles. Besides the loading amplitude and frequency, the elastic and rheological properties of MREs are also dependent on the external magnetic field and temperature. Previous studies focused on the influences of external magnetic field, strain amplitude and frequency on the dynamic properties, however, the temperature effect was rarely reported. In this paper, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) tests were carried out to investigate the viscoelastic properties of the anisotropic MRE samples under various temperatures and magnetic fields. A transition behavior of the anisotropic MRE samples was observed at about 50 °C for the dynamic modulus. The storage modulus initially decreased with the increasing of the temperature up to 50 °C and then increased or maintained a stable value when the temperature increased up to 60 °C. The time-temperature superposition (TTS) principle was extended to construct the dynamic modulus master curve of the MREs by using the horizontal shift factor and the vertical shift factor. The good correlations between the measured and predicted data were confirmed by performing statistical analysis for the goodness of fit. The constructed master curve and shift factors can be used to predict the viscoelastic properties of the MREs beyond the DMA experiment's range of temperatures and frequencies.


With few exceptions, one cannot reliably predict the behavior of a protein at high concentration on the basis of knowledge obtained from experiments carried out at low concentration. Detection and quantitative characterization of protein-protein interactions in the high concentration regime (> 50 g/L) therefore presents both experimental and theoretical challenges to the investigator. Two experimental methods devised in our laboratory specifically for this purpose are described. (1) Non-ideal tracer sedimentation equilibrium. Instrumentation and theory for measuring and interpreting the equilibrium gradient of a labeled dilute tracer protein in a solution containing an arbitrary concentration of one or more unlabeled macromolecules are outlined. The composition dependence of the equilibrium gradient of several proteins, including ribonuclease at concentrations up to 200 g/L and immunoglobulin G at concentrations up to 125 g/L, will be presented and interpreted in the context of models taking into account both equilibrium self-association, and nonspecific repulsive steric or electrostatic repulsion. (2) Non-ideal light scattering. Recently developed instrumentation and theory for rapid measurement and interpretation of the light scattering of a protein solution over a broad range of concentration are outlined. The concentration-dependent light scattering of chymotrypsin A at three different pH values at concentrations up to 60 g/L, and the concentration-dependent light scattering of two monoclonal antibodies at concentrations up to over 200 g/L in solutions of varying ionic strength, are quantitatively accounted for by models that take into account both nonideal repulsion between protein molecules and specific modes of equilibrium self-association.


A rapid method for determining total S in plants by X-ray fluorescence spectro-metric analysis of ground pelletised plant material is compared with chemical methods using titrimetric, flame photometric and turbidimetric methods of sulphate determination. Errors in the chemical methods were caused by incomplete oxidation of organic sulphur and by non-reproducibility of the turbidimetric determination of sulphate. A method incorporating the oxidation of the sample with HNO3 and Mg(NO3)2 and titration of the reduced sulphate by mercuric acetate gave recoveries accurate to a mean of 1% when determining the sulphur content of sulphur compounds.

Taking the results for plant materials determined by the titrimetric method as standard, XRF gave sulphur values with a mean difference of 4%; the flame photometric determination of sulphate after HNO3 + Mg(NO3)2 oxidation gave results with a mean difference of 12%. The effect of absorption of S radiation by silicon is noted.


Recent debates around the testability of the inflationary paradigm raise the question of how to model-independently discriminate it from competing scenarios. We argue that a detection of the cosmic graviton background (CGB), the relic radiation from gravitons decoupling around Planck time, would rule out the inflationary paradigm, as realistic inflationary models would dilute the CGB to an unobservable level. The CGB contribution to the effective number of relativistic species, ΔN eff,g ≈ 0.054, is well within the reach of next-generation cosmological probes. We argue that detecting the high-frequency stochastic gravitational wave background associated to the CGB will be challenging but potentially feasible. We briefly discuss expectations within alternatives to inflation, focusing on bouncing cosmologies and emergent scenarios.


Fragilaria rumpens (Kütz.) G. W. F. Carlson is assumed to be a cosmopolitan species, and is often reported from ponds and lakes. Nevertheless, this species is similar to both Fragilaria capucina Desm. and Fragilaria vaucheriae (Kütz.) J. B. Petersen and, as a consequence, the taxonomy of all three species has been confusing. In an attempt to solve the taxonomic problems within this group, we have examined the type material of Synedra rumpens and discuss the differences between it and some of those species said to be similar.


Fumonisin B1 (FB1) is a food-borne mycotoxin produced by Fusarium moniliforme. Structurally FB1 resembles sphingoid bases, and ingestion of FB1 causes several animal diseases. FB1 will cause hepatic carcinoma in rats and is implicated as a cofactor in esophageal or hepatic carcinoma. Previous studies concluded that FB1 repressed cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) activity but induced CDK inhibitors p21 Waf1/Cip1 , p27 Kip1 , and p57 Kip2 in monkey kidney cells (CV-1). In contrast, CV-1 cells transformed by simian virus 40 are resistant to the antiproliferative or apoptotic effects of FB1. Consequently, FB1 treatment of CV-1 cells leads to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. In this study, we demonstrate that FB1 transcriptionally activates the p21promoter. Functional analysis of the p21 promoter by reporter gene assays mapped the FB1-responsive region to −124 to −47. DNase I footprinting analysis revealed two protected motifs that span the FB1-responsive region, −124 to −101 (footprint II) and −89 to −67 (footprint III). Further studies demonstrated that DNA sequences from −124 to −101 were sufficient for FB1 stimulation. DNA sequences from −124 to −101 contain two Sp1 binding sites, and gel shift assays provided evidence that nuclear factors specifically bind to this region. Disruption of the two Sp1 binding sites abrogated the binding of nuclear proteins and prevented activation by FB1. Taken together, these results suggest that Sp1 or Sp1-related proteins mediate FB1-induced activation of the p21 promoter.


The presence of oil and gas is not an impact on all frequency components of seismic signals,it is only part of the frequency energy to change.So long as a single frequency spectrum imaging of seismic data,the use of high and low frequency spectral energy differences will be able to carry out oil and gas detection.The reservoir hydrocarbon,will cause attenuation of the high-frequency energy,and the enhancement of the low frequency energy.Spectral analysis,to determine the reservoir caused the oil and gas change of energy high and low frequency,divide property to determine the oil and gas range.The advantage lies in its frequency of the three primary colors display technology,while taking advantage of the high,low frequency together display,more intuitive and convenient to highlight the dominant frequency of seismic body and provide a reference for the prediction of hydrocarbon potential.The RGB display time-frequency technology advantage lies in its use of high,medium,low frequency together more intuitive and convenient highlights the dominant frequency of seismic body to provide a reference for the prediction of hydrocarbon potential.Marr wavelet calculation is simple,fast,and has good local performance.We can use the Marr wavelet analog Ricker wave seismic records divider.The use of the three primary colors fast imaging and display technology to achieve quick identification of low frequency associated with shadow.The use of the technology for deep-water wells and wells area less subtle reservoirs in research provide strong technical support.


In this study, a state measure for Pargament's Self-Directing, Deferring, and Collaborative religious coping styles was developed to evaluate situational and personal variations in religious coping. Vignettes were used to vary situations. The state coping subscales were significantly correlated with their respective trait counterparts. Situational variability in religious coping style was established and related to the characteristics of the situations and individuals. A more active role was assigned to God for the state coping styles than was indicated by the trait measures. In addition, increased perception of stressors (stress, importance, challenge, loss, and threat) in the vignettes was correlated with a more active role for God and a less active role for the individual


【 Abstract】 The outbreak of a novel coronavirus(2019-nCoV) pneumonia in Wuhan, Hubei Province,in December 2019, was followed by an epidemic throughout the country, and there were cases in many countries around the world, which is another warning of coronavirus to the world public health after SARS and MERS.Existing studies show that 2019-nCoV and SARS-CoV are homology. This article reviews the general characteristics of coronavirus, the similarities between 2019-nCoV and SARS-CoV,and their impacts on the heart.


High‐color‐purity blue and green organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) have been resolved thanks to the development of B/N‐based polycyclic multiple resonance (MR) emitters. However, due to the derivatization limit of B/N polycyclic structures, the design of red MR emitters remains challenging. Herein, a series of novel red MR emitters is reported by para‐positioning N–π–N, O–π–O, B–π–B pairs onto a benzene ring to construct an MR central core. These emitters can be facilely and modularly synthesized, allowing for easy fine‐tuning of emission spectra by peripheral groups. Moreover, these red MR emitters display excellent photophysical properties such as near‐unity photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY), fast radiative decay rate (kr) up to 7.4 × 107 s−1, and most importantly, narrowband emission with full‐width at half‐maximum (FWHM) of 32 nm. Incorporating these MR emitters, pure red OLEDs sensitized by phosphor realize state‐of‐the‐art device performances with external quantum efficiency (EQE) exceeding 36%, ultralow efficiency roll‐off (EQE remains as high as 25.1% at the brightness of 50 000 cd m−2), ultrahigh brightness over 130 000 cd m−2, together with good device lifetime.


The present paper aims to give an account of pessimistic meta-induction (PMI) and reply to some representative realist authors who want to consider PMI a fallacy. Most of that accounts are misinterpretations of Laudant's ideas and fails the target. This work intend that PMI is neither a induction nor a reductio, but a skeptic challenge. If this is right then PMI could not be a fallacy and the realism cannot escape from the task of explain why the success is a good indication for the truthlikeness of the current theories.


An immune method for real-time computer network security risk evaluation is proposed. The concepts of self, nonself, antigen and immunocyte of computer immune system are defined. The dynamic model of self, marrow model, clone selection, learning scheme, life span of immunocyte are built. A computational model of risk evaluation based on the antibody concentration of memory immunocytes for network security is thus presented. The experiment shows that this method has the features of quantitative calculation and real-time processing ability.


The present study is predicting, by deducing empirical correlations, the effect of varying the operating parameters on the performance of a pumping system handling water hyacinth. Pump suction inclination angle, water height above pump inlet, inlet suction cone diameter, pump flow rate, number of cutter blades, with/without scrapper, plant parts and water hyacinth concentration are the operating parameters. The recovery rate and the effectiveness of pumping system the two most important parameters displayed the performance of the pumping system, are predicted by empirical correlations as function of these operating parameters. Sets of published experimental data in the open literature were used to obtain these empirical correlations. Three different cases are studied. In each case two equations are deduced, one for The recovery rate and the other for the effectiveness of pumping system. These cases covered the pumping system working conditions. The empirical correlations are obtained by using the least squares method (Regression analysis). Comparisons are performed between the results obtained, for The recovery rate and the effectiveness of pumping system, using the deduced empirical correlations and the used experimental data. Finally, general empirical correlations, cover practical operating pumping system ranges, are obtained and show reasonable agreement with the experimental data.


It turns out that an eerie type of chaos can lurk just behind a façade of order – and yet, deep inside the chaos lurks an even eerier type of order. Preface The time I spent working on this thesis has been very enjoyable for a number of reasons. The great atmosphere for Discrete Mathematics in Berlin is certainly one of them. It has been praised in so many prefaces that it is hard to find original words. Nonetheless, be assured – the rumors are true. I much like to thank my advisor Stefan Felsner: For giving me the freedom to choose my problems, and for discussing them until they surrendered. I am also very thankful to Graham Brightwell, for hosting me at the LSE in London for a fruitful spring, and for being the second reviewer of my thesis. My research was made possible by the support of the research training group " Methods for Discrete Structures " 1. Apart from financial support, it provided the opportunity to discuss with many people interested in my topic, in particular and Daria Schymura. More thanks go to Wiebke Höhn and Axel Werner for being there and keeping a chocolate supply. It was a pleasure being part of the workgroup " Discrete Mathematics " at TU Berlin. I especially like to thank Torsten Ueckerdt for his algorithmic help, and Kolja Knauer for always being up to discussing wild conjectures with me (some of which even prove to be true, see Section 5.2). I am unspeakably thankful to Aaron Dall for proofreading this thesis, for discussing language, and for everything beyond language. Last and least: This thesis is proof that mathematical research without coffee (well, almost) is possible.


An important aspect of partial-order planning is the resolution of threats between actions and causal links in a plan. We present a technique for automatically deciding which threats should be resolved during planning, and which should be delayed until planning is otherwise complete. In particular we show that many potential threats can be provably delayed until the end; that is, if the planner can find a plan for the goal while ignoring these threats, there is a guarantee that the partial ordering in the resulting plan can be extended to eliminate the threats.

Our technique involves: 1) construction of an operator graph that captures the interaction between operators relevant to a given goal, 2) decomposition of this graph into groups of related threats, and 3) postponement of threats with certain properties.


A novel optical recording material composed of a special photopolymerizable monomer,polyether,crosslinking agent,and photoinitiator is prepared.This material shows a phase separation induced by photopolymerization,and exhibits an opaque state of low transmittance by UV exposure.Optical recording for mask pattern can be performed by exposing this material to UV irradiation under a mask.Influences on recording properties,shrinkage ratio,and stability are discussed.This material offers new development opportunity for optical materials.


Background: Crack-heroin has been gaining popularity during recent years in Iran. Unlike crack-cocaine, crack-heroin has not been previously associated with gastroduodenal perforations. This study attempts to report a probable association. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 60 patients admitted to a Tehran hospital with a history suggestive of perforated peptic ulcer, whose diagnosis was confirmed postoperatively. They were assigned to two groups on basis of crack-heroin use during the previous 12 hours and compared. Results: Crack-heroin use in gastroduodenal perforation patients was associated with lower age, lower incidence of free peritoneal gas, lower white blood cell counts, and absence of a history of previous peptic ulcer. Perforations in crack-heroin users were more prevalent in prepyloric and pyloric areas, while in non-users they were seen more frequently in duodenal and gastric areas. Severe contamination of the peritoneal cavity was significantly higher in the users. Conclusions: Crack-heroin related gastroduodenal perforations have distinct characteristics, which may be suggestive of a causative relation or common underlying etiology.


We present a data-driven method for interactive simulation and visualization of fibrin fibers, a major component of blood clotting. A fibrin fiber is a complex system consisting of a hierarchy with at least three separate levels of detail. Using measurements acquired with an atomic force microscope (AFM) at the smallest scale in this hierarchy, a physically-based model for the larger scales can be constructed and then simulated. Unlike most traditional work dealing with Monte Carlo (MC) or Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations, our method makes simplifying assumptions about the simulation and enables interactive visualization of simulated fibers in a virtual environment.


sources and nor is there any more discursive analysis of the source material that underpins his study. While Taylor occasionally abandons his chronological approach, biographical narrative too often takes precedence over analysis and interpretation. It would be interesting to know, for example, more about the sources of Hobbs's designs. Does his architectural library survive and what did it contain? When he designed his own home in 1898 and gave it the surprisingly unoriginal name of 'Bungalow', was this in response to the popularity of R. A. Briggs's 1891 publication, Bungalows and Country Houses? Was he also familiar with the many contemporary American pattern books that also served to popularise the bungalow idiom? Between Duty and Design provides a clear, factual account of Hobbs's architectural and military careers, but readers looking for a more searching analysis of his architectural contribution will be disappointed. The book is extensively illustrated, but the decision to combine details of two or more images in a single caption is confusing and it is sometimes difficult to know which of several buildings in a photograph is by Hobbs. Nevertheless, this is a valuable contribution to knowledge of the history of architecture in Western Australia and, in the wider context of the First World War, a useful addition to the growing literature on the monuments commemorating that global conflict.


Abstract This article provides a detailed discussion of the theory and practice of modern regression discontinuity (RD) analysis for estimating the effects of interventions or treatments. Part 1 briefly chronicles the history of RD analysis and summarizes its past applications. Part 2 explains how in theory an RD analysis can identify an average effect of treatment for a population and how different types of RD analyses—"sharp" versus "fuzzy"—can identify average treatment effects for different conceptual subpopulations. Part 3 of the article introduces graphical methods, parametric statistical methods, and nonparametric statistical methods for estimating treatment effects in practice from regression discontinuity data plus validation tests and robustness tests for assessing these estimates. Section 4 considers generalizing RD findings and presents several different views on and approaches to the issue. Part 5 notes some important issues to pursue in future research about or applications of RD analysis.


The Direct/Delayed Response Project (DDRP) has been designed and implemented by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to estimate the number of surface waters (lakes, streams) in three regions of the eastern U.S. that might become acidic due to current or altered levels of acidic deposition. As part of DDRP, 36 watersheds in the Mid-Appalachian Region (Pennsylvania, West Virginia, western Virginia) were mapped at a scale of 1:24,000 for soils, vegetation, landuse, drainage system, and depth to bedrock. As was true in other DDRP regions, many more soils were identified during mapping than could practically be sampled. To facilitate sampling, the soils were grouped into 15 soil sampling classes. Each class has been sampled several times across the region. Because a randomized sampling design was used, regional means and standard deviations of soil properties can be computed for each class. The regional data will be combined with the soil maps to estimate soil properties for each watershed. The watershed estimates can then be used in the array of DDRP models to estimate future effects of acidic deposition on streams in the region. The soils identified during mapping were correlated and the sampling classes were defined at a workshop held in Corvallis,more » Oregon, Aug 22-25, 1988. The report documents the process and results of the workshop, and the post-workshop allocation of sampling effort to sampling classes and watersheds.« less


Paddy is cultivated under wet conditions. Specific practices (submergence, puddling etc.) involved rice cultivation bring about changes in the morphological and physicochemical characteristics of the original profile to a variable extent. The degree to which such International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 8 Number 11 (2019) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com

https://www.ijcmas.com/8-11-2019/Shraddha Mohanty, et al.pdf


Most practitioners and researchers recognize that knowledge flows are extremely important, especially in the current age where organizations have to learn and innovate continually in order to remain competitive.  Given that knowledge is distributed unevenly through the enterprise, rapid and reliable knowledge flows are essential for organizations' sustainable competitive advantage.Knowledge flows across people, organizations, places and times of creation, sharing and application. Knowledge flows are dynamic. And in order to harness the competitive power of this dynamic phenomenon, it is imperative to understand and manage effectively the associated knowledge-flow processes.This minitrack examines the nature and role of knowledge flows (e.g., knowledge transfer, sharing and exchange) in the organizational context. The Call for Papers welcomed theoretical and empirical pieces addressing technical, managerial, behavioral, organizational, and economic perspectives on knowledge flows.


The response of single piles and small pile groups to load differs considerably from that of wide piled foundations. Single piles interact with settlements of the soil layers surrounding the piles and develop a force and settlement equilibrium (neutral plane) which location to a large extent depends on the pile toe response to the soil forces and movements. Similar to single piles, perimeter piles of a wide pile group in subsiding soils will be affected by increasing load due to negative skin friction. They will, therefore, appear softer than the interior piles, which., in contrast, are mostly unaffected by shaft resistance (or negative skin friction). Indeed, the load applied to a wide pile group will more or less unimpededly be transferred down the pile and only be reduced by shaft resistance immediately above the pile toe. The equilibrium between the toe penetration of the interior piles and the upward compression of the soil surrounding the piles determines the loadtransfer movement of the wide piled foundation. All piles are of course affected by the settlement of the soil below the pile toe level due to occurrences, such as regional settlement and stress changes due to adjacent foundations, fills, excavations, etc. Wide pile piled-foundations will, in contrast to single piles, also be affected by the compression of the soils below the pile toe level due to the sustained load on the foundation. For pile groups in non-subsiding soil, the response of perimeter piles is stiffer than that of the interior piles. Thus, in order to minimize differential settlement of the piles across the pile raft, the perimeter piles may have to be installed shorter than the interior piles. On the other hand, pile groups in subsiding soil, may need to have the perimeter piles installed longer than the interior piles.


Visual editors play an important part in business application tooling. A rich visual notation was developed for a set of visual editors included as part of integration application development tooling (IBM® Websphere® Integration Developer 6.0).The Visual Snippet Editor includes unique visual notation to help create code snippets. The snippets are laid out automatically by the editor. Some of the distinguishing visual elements are the grouping arrangement, the shape of the terminals and activities, the syntax color, the icons and the appearance of all first class element and their behaviour.


The construction industry in most developing countries suffers from severe problems due to lack of quality in their final products. Off-site manufacturing (OSM) plays a significant role in increasing project efficiency, through transferring production processes out of the construction site. This is a useful solution tested in most industrial countries around the world. This study aims to identify and classify advantages and disadvantages of applying the OSM in the construction industry, which are extracted from in-depth literature review. For that, simultaneous application of meta synthesis approach is run to investigate both OSM advantages and disadvantages. Introducing the advantages and disadvantages of applying OSM motivates the construction industry activists to provide better opportunities for its systematic implementation. The OSM simply facilitates a safer construction site and faster construction process. The final frameworks of advantages and disadvantages concluded in this study clarify the need for implementation of such a newly presented technology.


The theoretical relationship between investment and uncertainty is ambiguous. This paper briefly surveys the insights that theory has to offer and then runs a series of simple tests aimed at evaluating the empirical significance of various theoretical effects. Our results from a panel of U.S. manufacturing firms indicate a negative effect of uncertainty on investment consistent with theories of irreversible investment. We find no evidence for a positive effect via the channel of the convexity of the marginal product of capital, and we find no evidence for the presence of a CAPM-based effect of risk.


Violence unfortunately has become commonplace in the lives of many youth in the United States. Not only do children1 commit approximately fifteen percent of all violent crime,2 they are also increasingly its victims.3 While juvenile crime has frequently been analyzed apart from its adult counterpart, this distinction is rapidly losing significance. Juvenile crime today often is inextricably linked to illicit adult activity, especially the drug trade, and is no less sophisticated and deadly.4 In cities such as Los Angeles and Detroit, special police task forces monitor juvenile gangs, which routinely rob and murder in defense of their organized crime operations. Violence from the streets has also infected the classroom. Due to fear of weapon-bearing adolescents, many schools have had to institute extraordinary measures to guarantee


The present invention relates to a heat transport device using a general two-phase working fluid contained in the closed circuit. Inside of the apparatus, comprising an evaporator having microporous body to suck the liquid phase fluid by capillary pumping phenomenon (10) and (1), a condenser (2), a liquid portion (6) and the gas portion (7) and a reservoir (3) having a chamber (30) and inlet / outlet which is provided in the liquid portion (31). Volume of the liquid portion (6), the minimum volume (Vmin) and is adapted to vary between a maximum volume (Vmax), a reservoir (3) gas portion (7) is first divided ( P1) and the vapor phase of the working fluid having, and a non-condensable auxiliary gas (8) having a second partial pressure (P2), if at least the liquid portion (6) is at a minimum volume, the second partial pressure is configured so as to be higher than the first partial pressure.


At 24 months of age, a boy was diagnosed with Fanconi's anemia. He had classic effects of the disorder, including retarded growth, an extra thumb, only one kidney, and hypospadias. In September 1988, at five years of age, he was admitted to the hospital and underwent a process called hematopoietic reconstitution. The process actually began in June 1987, when the patient's mother became pregnant a second time. Physicians found, through prenatal testing of amniotic fluid, the fetus was an identical human leukocyte-associated antigens (HLA) match to the patient and unaffected by the disorder. When the patient's sister was born in February 1988, the parents, by signing an informed consent form, authorized preservation of the umbilical cord blood. In October 1988, the umbilical cord blood was thawed and transplanted into the patient. The patient, showing normal clinical and laboratory results, was discharged five months later. This was the first instance of a successful cord blood transplant. This commentary discusses the legal implications and liability issues inherent in the unlitigated field of private umbilical cord blood donation and


Recently, an improved eccentric mass vibrator was built. (Figures 3 and 4). The new design incorporates the ability to continuously adjust the offset (eccentricity) of each rotating mass. Two hydraulic cylinders are embedded in each mass to control its offset. Linear position sensors provide real-time feedback. By adjusting the offsets during operation, the eccentricity of its two counter-rotating masses can be continuously varied, giving it several octaves' bandwidth. It is relatively simple, and has low harmonic distortion. It was designed to reach its rated force at 3 Hz and above. Below 3 Hz, the offsets are maximized to produce as much force as possible. The offsets are decreased as the frequency sweeps above 3 Hz, to prevent excessive force. Mass rotation is controlled by a hydrostatic pump driving hydraulic motors. A gear box synchronizes the timing to produce primary waves normal to the earth's surface.


In the past two decades, a flourishing economy and maturing infrastructure have Taiwanese physicists both staying home more and engaging internationally.