In this article a new demodulation structure based on D-channel Uniform DFT filter bank is given to obtain In-phase and Quadrature components (IQ) of the received signal. In order to get the IQ components for broadband signals, two D-channel Uniform DFT filter banks, whose ideal pass bands are set to be complementary, are used to reduce signal distortion caused by the non-idealness of filter in a single filter bank. When the signal spectrum falls into two or more channels, a method of spectrum assembling in frequency domain is used to obtain the positive or negative half spectrum. The demodulation algorithm for IQ components is given under condition that the carrier is recovered. Simulation proves that the system structure and algorithm are feasible and highly efficient.


Living with a concealable stigmatised identity, adults with dyslexia are at risk for low self-esteem. The small but growing body of research on adults with dyslexia suggests that perceived family support has a direct influence on the self-esteem of adults with dyslexia. Understanding potential causal mechanisms underpinning the relationship between perceived family support and self-esteem is important to address the needs of this hidden population. To be sure, adults with dyslexia often face complex decisions regarding disclosure. According to theoretical and empirical literature, concealment or chronic fear of and hesitancy towards disclosing their invisible identity paves the way for negative affective states including low self-esteem. The present study examined the mediational effect of how concealment may account for the empirical link between perceived family support and self-esteem. The participants were 224 adults with dyslexia who participated in a web-based survey and predominantly resided in the USA. A bootstrapping analysis (a contemporary approach to mediational analysis) revealed that concealment mediated the relationship between perceived family support and self-esteem. Implications for social work practice and research are discussed.


This paper is the second part of a multiphase study investigating the impact of a mathematical model, the Addition Table of Colours (ATC), in the learning of colour phenomena. The ATC instruction was undertaken in several 8th grade classes in three different Portuguese schools (250 students) and included collaborative activities through Lab stations model. In the control group (204 students), the colour phenomena were taught in the traditional way, with the goals set by the teachers, without any intervention of the project. The two groups of students were compared in terms of content knowledge acquired in the learning of this subject through comparison and analysis of their pre and post-tests. Quantitative analyses of the pre/post-tests revealed five variants of students' representations about this phenomenon. We found that the ATC model, inserted in an interactive and carefully designed teaching environment, is more effective in promoting conceptual change and scientific understandings of colour phenomena.


This paper considers a distributed detection system which consists of  sensors that are connected in series. The observations of each sensor in this system design are considered to be statistically independent of all other sensors. In contrast to the popular serial decision fusion systems, we assume that consultations are allowed in a serial manner between successive sensors that make up the system. In addition, the paper demonstrates the similarity between the proposed consulting serial system and the optimal serial one in terms of detection probabilities for a give probability of false alarm. However, it should be emphasized that the proposed system has the benefit of conditional nonrandom consultation among the sensors. Consequently, its survivability is higher than that of serial systems. Numerical evaluations for the cases of two and three sensors are provided and compared with those of the serial as well as the centralized schemes.


Teacher is person who has an important role to developed critically thingking of students ability with the purpose incereased the succes of learners. The aim of this study was to determine capabilty of MAN 2 Surakarta biology teacher in developing critically thingking ability student X of Animalia 2017/2018. The research is qualitative descriptive. The sampling technique is puposive sampling study by observed biology teacher X in school. Based on the research that has been done shows that the aspect give simple clarification capabilty of teachers include good less (28,50%), give continue clarification is very good less (12,07%) and strategy tactics is very good less (1,19%). Therefore, based on the total average the capability MAN 2 Surakarta biology teacher in developed critically thingking ability student X of Animalia 2017/2018 at categorizied very good less (13,92%).
Key Word : teacher ability, developed critically thingking, biology teache


Drug resistance and tumor recurrence are the major concerns in clinical practices of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), with the urgent requirement for exploring undiscovered pathways driving malignancy. To deal with these, recent studies have made many efforts to explore prognosis indicators and establish potential therapeutic targets.


The cytotoxic and antimicrobial activity of methanol crude extract and column fractions of the extract of the leaves of P. plebejum were examined by brine shrimp lethality bioassay and disc diffusion method respectively. The extracts showed significant cytotoxic as well as antimicrobial activities. Silica gel column chromatography of methanol extract of P. plebejum afforded a steroid. The structure was elucidated on the basis of spectral analysis, including 1 H NMR and 13 C NMR and also by comparing with data in the literature. Key words: Polygonum plebejum ; Polygonaceae ; Stigmasterol; Cytotoxicity. DOI: 10.3329/sjps.v2i2.5826 Stamford Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Vol.2(2) 2009: 66-71


During the last two decades the customers have become more aware about the voltage quality that they receive from the grid and its possible (negative) impacts on their household apparatus and on the living environment. The modern customers use sophisticated devices in their day to day life and do not want to comprise on their comfort level. Therefore, any inconvenience that might be caused by the electricity utility service is immediately reported as a 'complaint' to the network operators. When the operational people are convinced that it is voltage-quality related complaint, a week-long power quality monitoring (PQM) is generally done at the customer's point of connection (POC). If the measured power quality (PQ) parameters violate the standard limits of the EN50160 and the Dutch Netcode, an appropriate measure is taken/advised at that installation or in the network to improve voltage quality at the POC. In this study, customer's complaints related to some specific PQ problems are discussed. Furthermore, a PQ complaint handling methodology is discussed briefly, which gives guidelines to tackle customer complaints efficiently. Some national level activities are highlighted at the end of this study.


This paper analyzes the status quo of the energy constraints of China empirically,forecasts the changes of the trends of energy supply and the demand changes in 2013—2020 by using the vector autoregressive model based on different scenarios,and comes to the conclusion that the industrialization of China will face more and more serious energy constraints.To lift these constraints,we can take the following measures: changing the mode of economic growth,promoting the strategic adjustment of industrial structure,strengthening RD and energy technologies and promoting the reform of energy prices.


We report the nucleation of wave front phase dislocations in a Gaussian beam with initially smooth wave front experienced the self-action in a nematic liquid crystal cell. It is shown experimentally that the structure of the aberrational rings appeared due to inducing of a nonlinear lens in liquid crystal bulk has more complicated character than mentioned earlier.


There are 4 different normal myeloid hematopoietic cell growth‐inducing proteins MGI‐I (CSF or IL‐3) that induce normal precursor cells to multiply and form clones containing only macrophages (MGI‐IM = M‐CSF = CSF‐I), only granu‐locytes (MGI‐IG = G‐CSF), both granulocytes and macrophages (MGI‐IGM = GM‐CSF), or granulocytes, macrophages, eosinophils, mast cells, megakaryocytes and erythroid cells (interleukin‐3) (IL‐3). There is another type of normal myeloid regulatory protein (MGI‐2) with no MGI‐I (CSF or IL‐3) activity which can induce differentiation of normal myeloid precursors and certain clones of myeloid leukemic cells. The present results with MGI‐2 and pure recombinant MGI‐IG, MGI‐IGM and IL‐3 have shown that different clones of myeloid leukemic cells can be induced to differentiate by different hematopoietic regulatory proteins. One type of leukemic clone is induced to differentiate to mature cells only by MGI‐2 and is partially differentiated by MGI‐IG, a second type is differentiated only by MGI‐IGM or IL‐3, and other workers have found a third type that is differentiated only by MGI‐IG. The presence of surface receptors does nat necessarily make leukemic cells differentiation competent for these hematopoietic regulatory proteins. All 4 types of MGI‐I (CSF or IL‐3) induce endogenous synthesis of MGI‐2 in normal myeloid precursor ceils. It is suggested that, in addition to their potential therapeutic effect on the development of normal hematopoietic cells, MGI‐2, MGI‐IG, MGI‐IGM and IL‐3 all have the potential for differentiation‐directed therapy of leukemia in leukemic cells that can be differentiated by one of these normal hematopoietic regulatory proteins.


Field monitoring of effects on phytoplankton from brine discharges over an 18-month period at the Department of Energy Strategic Petroleum Reserve West Hackberry (Louisiana) site has provided some insight as to our ability to discern impact on phytoplankton through field studies. Seven sampling sites were monitored at multiple depths with three replicate samples for biomass (chlorophyll and cell counts) and composition during eleven sampling periods. The observed variation in the parameters measured provided a data base from which statistical conclusions were drawn concerning the suitability of the parameters to impact detection, adequacy of sampling design (both temporally and the spatial distribution of sampling sites), the optimization of sampling sites and replicates, the sampling designs required to detect statistically significant changes in phytoplankton parameters, and the relevance of some parameters to the question of impact detection and assessment.


In this article we describe an optoelectronic sensor for assessing the level of light petrochemical products in technological tanks at the oil refineries. This sensor employs the multi-element vertical array of discrete micro- optical refractometric transducers. The transducers are made of silica glass and have the conical shape. In the air, each transducer operates as a tiny retro-reflector that optically couple together two multimode optical fibers. The optical coupling in the transducer is due to the internal reflection at the conical surface. The amount of the coupling depends on the refractive index of the surrounding media. In a fluid, the total internal reflection vanishes and the coupling becomes negligibly small. The number of immersed transducers is a measure of the fluid level in the reservoir. Because of the significance of the transducer transmission function, it is evaluated in detail under various combinations of the geometrical parameters of the micro-optical structure and connecting optical fibers. The numerical ray tracing shows that the form of the transmission function can be modified by change of some geometrical parameters of the structure.


Divisibility testing plays an important role in areas like cryptography and a fast hardware has many applications. This paper discusses an algorithm for divisibility testing of Variable Long Precision (VLP) numbers and its implementation on a reconfigurable target. The algorithm exhibits a high degree of parallelism and scalability and hence helps in deciding a suitable cost-performance tradeoff. The performance of the algorithm is analyzed and the performance of the hardware implementation is compared with that of the GNU multi-precision library.


In 1925 Havelock compared theoretical wave resistance with experimental one varying draft, in which the two ship's forms were different from each other. So, in this paper theoretical wave resistance was compared with the experimental one on the ship of the same form. And, though Havelock calculated theoretical wave resistance by mathematical artifice, in this paper it was calculated by computer using the method of numerical integration. In Havelock's paper, the increment of wave resistance decreased when the draft increased. but in this paper the conclusion is changed: the increment of wave resistance increases when the draft increases. The reason is supposed by the effect of the displacement of the ship.


In this study we assessed the water transport strategies and the abundance of alien and native tree species at a regional scale in Cordoba Mountains, Central Argentina. The aims of this study were: (i) to analyse whether alien and native tree species show divergent water transport strategies; and (ii) to explore whether species abundances of alien and natives are associated with specific trait attributes. Eight alien species and 12 native species were recorded in 50 complete vascular plant vegetation releves. Water transport strategies were assessed through the following functional traits: minimum leaf water potential, potential water content of wood, effective leaf area, leaf area per sapwood area and wood density. Also, resource use strategies were assessed throughout the measurement of specific leaf area. We found that alien species had a higher efficiency in water transport (i.e. higher minimum leaf water potential and lower wood density values) and faster resource acquisition and use (higher specific leaf area values) than native species. We did not find evidence suggesting that the relative abundance of species was associated to water transport strategies and faster resource acquisition and use. Alien species seem to differ from natives in specific functional attributes that are absent in the resident community and might allow aliens to use more resources and at a higher rate than native species. Finally, our results show the potential of a trait-based predictive framework for alien species, and the possible effects on ecosystem functions.


According to the study of Rao (2014) states that beet(Beta vulgaris) have
antibacterial activity in the minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) of 5mg/ml
against Bacillussubtilis, Pseudomona saeruginosa and Escherechia coli while the
minimum inhibitory concentration of0.5 mg/ml again st Enterobacte raerogenes.
MIC rosella flower ethanol extract against Escherichiacoli, Salmonella typhy and
Stapylococcus aureus 0.20mg/ml. This type of research is experimental in a way
to test the antimicrobial activity of the extracts of the fruit bits, rosella flower
extracts and herbal products Y. MIC measurements performed with visible
turbidity after incubation. Parameters measured were produced inhibition zone
diameter fruit extract bits for the bacteria E.coliat a concentration of 250ug/ml,
50pg/ml with each – each averaging 8.9mm and 6.8mm, while the S.aureus
bacteria can not be inhibits the growth of baketri, rosella flower extract result
sobtained inhibition zone on bacteri E.coli and S.aureus at a concentration of 500
ug/ml, 250 pg/ml, 100 pg/ml can inhibit the growth of bacteria and herbal
products konsentrsi Y at 60% and 50% can inhibit the bacteria E.coli and
S.aureus. Data analysis was performed with Varian Analysis test(ANOVA) test
followed by Least Significant Different(LSD) with aconfidence level of 95%.
Concentrate onthe positive control bits concentration has significant difference to
all concentration, and the concentration of 100 ug/ml to 250 pg/ml had no
significant difference. As for rosella have significant differences in all the extract
concentration.


We use real data examples from 4060 km2 3D Multi-Azimuth (MAZ) PSDM Fortuna project located in the North-West Australian shelf to present a workflow for 3D MAZ velocity modeling with tilted orthorhombic anisotropy. In this paper we focus on two aspects of depth-velocity model building that are extremely important for seismic data from the North-West Australian shelf: (1) high resolution adaptive seismic tomography to deal with strong velocity anomalies in complex geological settings and (2) practical workflow to build a tilted orthorhombic anisotropic PSDM velocity model in regions with complex velocity anomalies and strong horizontal and vertical anisotropy.
As seismic reflection tomography remains an important tool to build large scale depth-velocity models in seismic imaging, we discuss how an adaptive data driven approach to running tomography helps to provide accurate and robust velocity models in complex geological settings.


Onitshans were roused to a high pitch of excitement by the rumour that Nigeria was to be handed over to Germany. In a public meeting notable for its dignity, leading educated Onitshans made clear their fears. The future of Nigerian education, such as it is, the present freedom of religion, the careers open under British rule, the British recognition of African ownership of the soil, were all in jeopardy. Mrs. Leith-Ross is not concerned to lay down policies, but her kindly criticisms of certain established Government and Mission attitudes should be pondered. One must, however, admit that, on the vexed question of the place of the native dance in the Christian community, the strongest opposition to any compromise often comes from the Africans themselves, however sound or otherwise we may judge their views to be. No one will question her plea for reading-matter, or will, on the other hand, minimize the peculiar difficulties in Iboland of choice of dialect (and orthography)—difficulties enhanced by local pride and prejudice, both African and European. There is an important reference to the occasional misinterpretation and even complete misunderstanding by the educated African of English, the foreign language which is for the most part the only bridge between southern Nigerian and European thought. While pleading for literature Mrs. Leith-Ross does service, however, by quoting the experience of the headmistress of a progressive C.M.S. boarding school. ' The girls themselves laughed heartily when she read them an article speaking of " the African's thirst for knowledge ".' The book, in fact, continually brings us back to the African point of view about schooling and life in general in a way that must arrest everyone whose work lies among Africans. One can only feel that so delightful a book, so packed with incident, domestic crisis, and moments of beauty, must give pleasure to every reader who has the least interest in Africa. If the reader has found a new enjoyment in an appreciation of the African point of view, by so much is his sympathy and understanding enlarged and the author's aim achieved.


T akotsubo cardiomyopathy (TTC) is a rare, distinct type of acquired cardiomyopathy. It is characterized by profound left ventricular contraction abnormalities that lead to acute cardiac failure in the absence of obstructive coronary disease. It has also gone by the names stress-induced cardiomyopathy and broken heart syndrome because of its association with triggers of physical or emotional stress. Surgery is known as one potential inciting factor for TTC; however, there are no reports of TTC following surgery in the otolaryngology literature. We report 1 case of TTC following major head and neck surgery that demonstrates the diagnostic criteria and highlights the possibility of this complication following head and neck surgery.


Over the last thirty years, decentralization has been a crucial component of public sector reforms in many developing countries, designed to transfer greater power to sub-national levels of government and to provide a more effective oversight role to the people. Despite these arguments, little attention has been paid to empirically test under what conditions decentralization reforms succeed in their stated objectives of enhancing popular trust for local authorities and strengthening government legitimacy. The paper addresses this gap by looking at the consequences of political decentralization in post-conflict Sierra Leone and examining the impact of decentralized service delivery on legitimating beliefs towards local governments and the consequences of these beliefs for quasi-voluntary compliance. We use a unique longitudinal survey to estimate multi-level models which exploit variation over time and within and across sub-national units in Sierra Leone. Results suggest that the improvements in service delivery under conditions of decentralized governments are associated with greater trust in local government authorities. Moreover, this impact is significantly higher for the most remote communities. We also find that citizen's trust in central government authorities is associated with greater participation in road cleaning, our indicator of quasi-voluntary compliance. The findings are robust to control for alternate explanations and speak to the remarkable success of decentralization reforms in enhancing government legitimacy before ordinary citizens. The paper concludes by considering the policy implications of the findings for the design of international development programs in support of decentralization reforms in Sierra Leone, while also raising a number of interesting questions about the sources and consequences of trust in post-conflict and ethnically diverse states.


issue is written and edited by Deborah S. Davenport, Ph.D. and Elsa Tsioumani. The Team Leader is Elsa Tsioumani <firstname.lastname@example.com>. Editor is Lynn Wagner, Ph.D. <email@example.com>. Director of IISD Reporting Services (including Sustainable Developments) is Langston James "Kimo" Goree VI <email@example.com>. Funding for coverage of this meeting has been provided by the Future Harvest Foundation. The authors can be contacted at their electronic mail addresses and at tel: +1-212-644-0204. IISD can be contacted at 161 Portage Avenue East, 6th Floor, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3B 0Y4, Canada; tel: +1-204-958-7700; fax: +1-204-958-7710. The opinions expressed in Sustainable Developments are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of IISD or the Future Harvest Foundation. Excerpts from Sustainable Developments may be used in other publications with appropriate academic citation. Electronic versions of Sustainable Developments are sent to e-mail distribution lists (ASCII and PDF format) and can be found on the Linkages WWW-server at <http://www.iisd.ca/>. For further information on Sustainable Developments, including requests to provide reporting services, contact the Director of IISD Reporting Services at <firstname.lastname@example.com>. Volume 86, Number 1 Thursday, 5 June 2003 A SUMMARY REPORT FROM THE MEXICO ACTION SUMMIT ON-LINE COVERAGE AT HTTP://WWW.IISD.CA/SD/SDMEX/ SUMMARY REPORT OF THE MEXICO ACTION SUMMIT: POVERTY, AGRICULTURE AND BIODIVERSITY: A CALL TO ACTION 2-3 JUNE 2003 The Mexico Action Summit convened in Mexico City, Mexico, from 2-3 June 2003. Approximately 200 participants representing governments and public agencies, international organizations, the private sector, academic and research institutions, and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) attended the meeting, which was organized by the Monterrey Bridge Coalition and the International Food and Agricultural Trade Policy Council (IPC). The meeting was held under the patronage of President of Mexico Vicente Fox and the Mexican Secretariat of Environment and Natural Resources, the Mexican Secretariat of Agriculture, Livestock, Rural Development, Fisheries and Food, and the Mexican Secretariat of Social Development. The Mexico Action Summit is part of the continuing global momentum for sustainable development, spanning the UN Millennium Summit, the Doha Development Round, the Monterrey Conference, the World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD), the G8 and the World Trade Organization's (WTO) Cancun Ministerial Conference and beyond. Participants at the Mexico Action Summit explored how increased food production to feed the rural poor can be made compatible with natural resource management and biodiversity stewardship. Participants also examined how international trade and domestic subsidy policies can be reformed to make sustainable development possible. The meeting provided an action plan for cooperation between business, governments, multilateral institutions and civil society from developing and developed countries, calling the G8 and other leaders to act now to address hunger and poverty while protecting and restoring the world's natural environment for future generations.


Through analysing the 3G industrial development in China, a new 3G USIM COS system solution suitable for 3G communication standard is proposed. This scheme uses three-level architecture model for the development of software 3GCOS,and the functional modules in the model are divided in detail. It uses interrupt scheduling technology to design the system's main scheduling process. And finally a coverage model scheme about micro-kernel design is given,thus greatly strengthening the the adaptability of 3GCOS to 3G network and the compatibility to different hardware platform.


So farallknown singularity-free cosm ologicalm odelsarecylindrically sym m etric. Here we present a new fam ily ofspherically sym m etricnon-singularm odels lled with im perfect uid and radialheat ow,and satisfying theweak and strong energy conditions.Forlarge tanisotropy in pressureand heat ux tend to vanish leading to a perfect uid.Thereisa freefunction oftim ein them odel,which can be suitably chosen fornon-singularbehaviourand thereexistm ultiplicity ofsuch choices.


Isotropic antennas which can radiate a power into all direction and provide full spatial coverage have drag attention for modern wireless applications such as wireless power transfer, wearable antennas, wireless access point and radio frequency energy harvesting. Since an isotropic antenna which radiate with polarization of all direction is impossible to implement in practice, many researchers have designed quasi-isotropic antenna by implementing electric dipoles and magnetic dipoles [1, 2]. The isotropic antennas, especially for mobile applications, need to be compact and provide multiband operation. However, previous works have rarely suggested multiband operations with isotropic patterns. In addition, the antenna for mobile application needs to be planar to integrate with circuit board and provide reconfigurable operation to be able to cover broader bands.


Sang Hong-yang'management theory was based on Guan Zi'"Non-importance vs Importance"doctrine. By absorbing this doctrine,he carried out a series of important economic policy such as official running of the sale of iron and salt,regulating price and circulation of commodities and unifying coinage,which helped overcome serious financial difficulties of Han Wu Emperor period and made outstanding contribution to the prosperity of West Han Dynasty. The understanding of "Non-importance vs Importance"theory will help us understand Sang Hong-yang' management of Economy.


Flux reversal permanent magnet (FRPM) machine, with magnets mounted on or inserted into the stator, is favorable for the direct drive applications. In this paper, a novel FRPM machine with Ralbach array magnets in stator slot opening is proposed. While the magnets are moved to the slot opening, effective airgap length is reduced and slot area is enlarged. The analysis results indicates that the torque density of proposed machine is 2.3 times that of the conventional FRPM machine with the same magnet usage. And for the same torque specification, the power factor of proposed machine is 0.79, while that of the conventional one is 0.58.


The aim of the present work was to characterize nitrated steel samples, estimating the elemental concentrations and determining the depth profile of the element nitrogen, used to improve the ductility of the material. The samples were characterized using the following techniques: "Elastic Recoil Detection Analysis" (ERDA) for the determination of the atomic concentration and analysis of the depth profile for light elements at the surface of the samples, "Particle Induced X-Ray Emission" (PIXE) for the determination of the composition of the matrix of the steel and the respective mass density of this material, "Nuclear Resonant Analysis" (NRA) for the determination of the relative concentration at different depths, analysing a deeper profile of the element nitrogen at the samples and "XRay Diffraction" (XRD) for the determination of the crystalline structure of the samples. For the accomplishment of this study two sets of samples have been used: the set of samples MET composed by samples with deeper nitrogen concentration obtained from distinct thermal treatments, and the set of samples CEFET, which contains nitrogen close to the surface area of the samples, used for the study of NRA technique. The techniques demonstrated to be sensible to the modifications carried out in the samples. We were able to identify that the different thermal processes modify the characteristics and properties of the samples. The results obtained for the samples of the first set show that although they have the same concentration in the metallic alloy, they present differences of crystalline structure. Moreover, correlating the results obtained for the various employed techniques it was possible to correctly verify the effect of nitrogen dissolution cuts of different depths of the same piece.


The issue of racial/ethnic and gender differences in intelligence and academic abilities is fiercely and frequently debated, yet the examination of these differences in creativity is less studied. Our goal in this study was to use the Consensual Assessment Technique, in which experts judge a product's creativity, to examine differences in creativity among gender and ethnic groups. We conducted three separate analyses in which 13 experts rated 103 poems, 104 fictional stories, and 103 personal narratives written by Caucasian, African American, Latino/a, and Asian eighth-grade students. There were no significant African American-Caucasian differences on any of the writing tasks and there were no gender differences on all three tasks. The only significant differences in the creativity ratings on any of the tasks occurred in poetry, between the Latino/ a-Caucasian groups and Latino/a-Asian groups. Implications and future directions are discussed.


Objective To understand the current status of scientific research and the level of research papers in 302 hospital and provide evidence for the management of scientific research,determine scientific research focus and personnel training in the hospital.Methods The papers published on domestic medical journals during 2006-2008 by the medical personnel in 302 hospital,which were covered by CMCC,were retrieved and analyzed.Results A total of 751 papers were published during this period,in which the papers on hepatology accounted for 28%,on non hepatic infectious diseases accounted for 7.7%,on pathology accounted for 1.5%,on medical imageing accounted for 3.2% and on medical information accounted for 2.9%.The numbers of papers about traditional Chinese drugs was 28,41 and 42 and the numbers about of medical nursing was 38,47 and 54.Averagely,13.7% of the papers were published on core medical journals.The coauthor rate was 84% and cooperation rate was 4.03.Conclusion The scientific research level in 302 hospital has increased,but the proportion of papers published on core journals was small,the quality of papers should be improved and the equal development of scientific research should be emphasized.


Objectives To resolve the difficult problems when carrying out animal experiment and clinical application of neuron\|threshold analog stimulator, a simulator based on direct digital synthesis (DDS) technology was designed for the project of "the mapping of neuron\|threshold in human brain and its clinical application".Methods A brand new signal generator for the neuron\|threshold stimulator was designed based on DDS and other new technologies, such as photoelectric coupling, isolated power, and floating\|ground technology, which were applied to replace traditional technologies like transformer isolation, etc.Results The signal generated by the neuron\|threshold stimulator based on DDS was observed and the output sine wave FFT was done with oscilloscope (TDS 3034B).The total distortion was less than 1\0%.Conclusion The newly designed neuron\|threshold stimulator based on DDS is good to meet the requirements of the project of "the mapping of neuron\|threshold in human brain and its clinical application."In respect of non\|distortion of output signals, stability and strength of stimulating energy, reliability of the entire machine, safety, etc.,there are great improvements, compared with the analog stimulator.


An equivalence relation, rim–similarity, is defined on the set of all sequences of square matrices of a given fixed dimension. For linear discrete – time systems, theorems are presented which show that certain stability properties are invariant under n∞ similarity. General linear systems as well as those of variational type are considered. Also, sufficient conditions are given which guarantee that the uniform stability of the null solution of a non– linear system carries over to the linear variational equation with respect to this solution. All of these results are analogous to known ones for ordinary differential equations.


Receding Horizon Control (RHC) is a very effective control methodology which has been employed in an extensive range of industrial applications. However, most of the stability results involve terminal costs or constraints which are sometimes not computationally desirable. In this work, it is shown that the smoothness of the value function is sufficient to ensure stability for control affine systems under RHC laws with no terminal cost or constraint. In order to find the infimum for all stabilizing horizons, an ODE problem based on the linearized system is developed that provides the set of stabilizing and destabilizing horizons. It is shown that the infimum of stabilizing horizons can be estimated without the need to solve the nonlinear optimal control problem, and that subject to certain conditions the exact infimum can be obtained. Simulations are provided to illustrate the application of these methods to some nonlinear systems.


Dear Editor COVID-19 has created an urgent need to deliver assessments online. For the Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE), the transition to a virtual format requires implementation o...


This study conducted structural damage detection using adaptive neuro-fuzzy inferential system (ANFIS). Structural damage was detected using modal data (frequency and mode shape) as the inputs of ANFIS, and determination of five damage values (%0،10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%) as the outputs. To investigate the efficiency of proposed method, three numerical examples consisting of a simply supported beam, two-story plane frame and mass-spring system were used. Obtained results show the high accuracy of the proposed method to detect and estimate structural damage.


Dandruff (Pityriasis capitis) is a non-inflammatory form of seborrheic dermatitis. People reporting dandruff often have seborrhoeic dermatitis, but can also have other diseases. In this study, relation between type of comb and allergic inflammatory response and dandruff appears in skin and hairs were studied. Results showed that plastic comb was allergen and this was high in men. The most common treatment for dandruff is the use of shampoo formulations and avoid of allergen with suing of wooden comb.


The problem of finding and disposing of explosive objects in the water areas of seas and rivers that remain as a result of hostilities on the territory of our country is urgent and requires appropriate technical equipment. The technical support (equipment) for performing underwater work, which is in service with the Armed Forces of Ukraine, is outdated and can pose a threat to the life and health of sapper divers during the performance of complex combat tasks on a regular basis. One of the pressing issues today is the transition of the Armed Forces of Ukraine to NATO standards. Taking this into account, the issue of not only transitioning to international standards that regulate the processes of development, planning, testing, operation, repair or modernization of weapons and equipment, but also the preservation of the lives of personnel during combat missions is an urgent issue. Accordingly, the search for ways to increase the safety of military personnel during diving descents with explosive work is relevant. The purpose of the study is to analyze the possibility of making structural changes in underwater breathing apparatus (UBA) with an open breathing circuit of the ABA type and to evaluate the effectiveness of the changes made using a composite efficiency index. The types of UBAs with an open breathing circuit of the ABA type are analyzed, the main advantages and disadvantages of UBAs with open, semi-closed and closed circuits of gas supply for breathing are indicated. The principlescheme of the UBA type ABA was considered and constructive solutions were proposed to increase the safety of diving descents and works. Introducing a fundamentally different design of the reducer and the reserve air supply valve into the design scheme will provide an opportunity to control the air supply in the UBA, increase the safety of diving descents and work. The proposed changes in the design will improve the safety of diving descents and underwater work. The obtained results can be used in further scientific research in the direction of modernization and development of promising means of diving equipment.


Univalent (Fab) rabbit anti-hamster sperm antibodies added to an in-vitro fertilization system did not interfere with the sperm acrosome reaction or motility, but inhibited cumulus dispersion by the spermatozoa, sperm binding to and passage through the zona pellucida as well as sperm-egg fusion. Addition of the Fab preparations to the capacitated spermatozoa at various times before or up to 40-45 min after the sperm-egg mixing prevented penetration of spermatozoa through the zona pellucida. Detachment of the spermatozoa already bound as well as those partly inside the zona pellucida was achieved by a late addition of antibodies. In experiments with zona-free hamster eggs, addition of the Fab antibodies to the spermatozoa 10 min to 5 h before the introduction of unfertilized eggs reduced the rate of adhesion and fertilization to very low levels. These antibodies were not absorbed on hamster ovary, liver or kidney and had no direct effect on the fertilizability of zona-intact or zona-free eggs.


Computational precision of MLS-based EFG is affected by many factors.In order to analyze the influence of element-free Galerkin method for nodes distribution,by analyzing the classical cantilever beam problem,define an energy norm as error index,simultaneously,develop element-free computational program based on Matlab.Furthermore,study the layout method and the impact on computational precision of element-free Galerkin method by node number.Also,investigate the computational precision and efficiency of EFG under uniform distribution method and the method of random distribution.Propose a mixed combination of the two distribution methods.The above analysis gives some useful conclusions.


Aims Vascular complications are the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in patients with diabetes. However, proper animal models of diabetic vasculopathy that recapitulate the accelerated progression of vascular lesions in human are unavailable. In the present study, we developed a zebrafish model of diabetic vascular complications and the methodology for quantifying vascular lesion formation real-time in the living diabetic zebrafish. Methods and Results Wild type zebrafish (AB) and transgenic zebrafish lines of fli1:EGFP, lyz:EGFP, gata1:dsRed, double transgenic zebrafish of gata1:dsRed/fli1:EGFP were exposed to high cholesterol diet and 3% glucose (HCD-HG) for 10 days. The zebrafish model with HCD-HG treatment was characterized by significantly increased tissue levels of insulin, glucagon, glucose, total triglyceride and cholesterol. Confocal microscopic analysis further revealed that the diabetic larvae developed clearly thickened endothelial layers, distinct perivascular lipid depositions, substantial accumulations of inflammatory cells in the injured vasculature, and a decreased velocity of blood flow. Moreover, the vascular abnormalities were improved by the treatment of pioglitazone and metformin. Conclusion A combination of high cholesterol diet and high glucose exposure induces a rapid onset of vascular complications in zebrafish similar to the early atherosclerotic vascular injuries in mammalian diabetic models, suggesting that zebrafish may be used as a novel animal model for diabetic vasculopathy.


The article investigates cultural memory of a very long islamization happened in the Caucasus from the 7th through the beginning of the 19th centuries as it was reflected in the cult of Muslim saints, namely in the case of sheikh Abu Muslim who is believed to have converted Caucasus highlanders into Islam in the early Islamic period. His name appears in countless chronicles and memorials. The sheikh, his relatives and companions are credited with dozens of shrines. The study is based on the texts of Arabiclanguage chronicles and commemorative notes (tawarikh), compared with the data of epigraphy and field materials of the author he collected mainly inDagestan. After the works of Russian classics in Islamic studies from Kazembek to Bartold and M.-S. Saidov nobody confuses this hero of Caucasus Islamization with the famous religious leader from Khurasan who helped the 'Abbasids to seize power in the Caliphate in the middle of the eighth century and was never to theCaucasus. However, as the author argues, one should not deny his existence and therefore reject his cult as an odd historical mistake. A comparative analysis of the chronicles, memorials, and oral traditions devoted to his deeds suggests that different Islamic missionaries of foreign and local origin fused in the figure of Abu Muslim. A study of his cult in terms of cultural memory allows answering a number of important research questions concerning main stages and actors of Islamization in the Caucasusho operated in the region under study from the Middle Ages through the modern times, its social and cultural background as well as changing directions and networks.


In order to reduce noise and vibration levels in power plants, vibration signature analysis was utilized as a diagnostic technique. Accelerometers, strain gauges, pressure transducers, or a combination thereof were used to monitor the vibration signatures and pressure pulsations. The signals from the sensors were analyzed by using a dual channel fast Fourier transform (FFT) analyzer to obtain cross‐correlation functions in time domain and coherence functions in frequency domain. These techniques can pinpoint the source of vibration and have been successfully applied to turbine‐generators, pumps, and fans in power plants to prevent trip‐out and fatigue damage. Vibration signature interpretations for rotating machinery, cracked components, and structural resonant vibration are discussed for several case histories. Recommendations which have been implemented for the elimination of excessive vibration problems are also presented.


KATP channel openers, including diazoxide and pinacidil, activate both plasma membrane and mitochondrial KATP channels. Here, we investigated functional molecular targets for diazoxide and pinacidil in myocytes of murine resistance‐size mesenteric arteries. In pressurized (60 mmHg) arteries, ryanodine, a Ca2+ spark inhibitor, iberiotoxin, a KCa channel blocker, 4‐AP, a Kv channel blocker, MnTMPyP, an antioxidant, and ryanodine+4‐AP reduced diazoxide‐induced dilations by between 45 and 77%, but did not alter pinacidil‐induced dilations. RT‐PCR indicated that isolated mesenteric artery myocytes expressed sulfonylurea receptors (SUR) 2A and 2B, but did not express SUR1. Pinacidil‐induced dilation in arteries of SUR2‐deficient (SUR2−/−) mice was ∼10% of that in wild‐type control arteries, whereas diazoxide‐induced dilation was similar in SUR2−/− and wild‐type. Atpenin, a specific mitochondrial ETC complex II (ETCII) inhibitor, dilated arteries similarly to diazoxide and this effect was attenuated by MnTMPyP and ryanodine+4‐AP. Atpenin also reduced diazoxide‐induced dilation, but did not alter pinacidil‐induced dilation. Data indicate that pinacidil‐induced vasodilation requires SUR2. In contrast, diazoxide‐induced vasodilation does not require SURs and is mediated by ETCII inhibition, a ROS elevation, and Ca2+ spark, KCa channel, and Kv channel activation. NIH/AHA


T he quest to find the perfect treatment for male LUTS has consumed urologists for decades. On the medical front, the battle ground has been a-blockers with varying receptor selectivity and tolerability, 5-a-reductase inhibitors which inhibit different isoforms, anticholinergics (which transitioned from contraindication to cutting edge) and, more recently, b3 agonists and phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5) inhibitors. Similarly, the surgical management of BPH (which may or may not be the cause of male LUTS) has seen numerous procedures and operations investigated and marketed with promises to cut, burn, cook, freeze, enucleate or ablate with a laser, pressure wash, steam, cut off the blood flow, staple open, stent open or surgically remove adenoma, all with the goal of reducing urinary symptoms.


The present invention discloses a carbon ink resistance of the printed circuit board test apparatus, comprising a printed circuit board testing machine and the carbon black test fixture, provided with a plurality of probes on the test fixture carbon ink, each pair consisting of two probes probe configuration, and two end positions corresponding to the printed circuit board carbon black bar of each pair of probes, when secured to the printed circuit board test fixture on a carbon ink, each pair of probes each corresponding to the ink with the carbon both ends of the contact strip is attached to the wire connected between a program for testing the resistance of the carbon ink, the printed circuit board with the probe on the printed circuit board testing machine testing machine, the printed circuit board testing device carbon ink resistance can be automatically and efficiently each test strip carbon ink resistance, and the resistance difference between the printed circuit board failed, the test time of only about three seconds, greatly reducing the measurement time, and test automation, not only saves labor, but also to avoid human factors, so that the test more accurate.


In the dairy industry, road milk tankers transport milk from one location to another. The milk inside the tanker needs to be kept between 3–5 °C to ensure that the quality of milk is always preserved. The tanker needs to be kept running at all time with the case of sufficient energy being continuously supplied to the cooling unit. The source of energy normally used for this application is a typical generator which needs fuel to operate. This is expensive and is not environmentally friendly. To address this problem, generator as a source of energy needs to be replaced by solar energy to lower the costs associated with cooling of the tanker. In this research a small scale solar powered intelligent cooling system was developed. This system was designed to make use of thermoelectric cooler as a viable cooling unit and operating it intelligently with a programmable logic controller. The system was designed in a way that it can also display the volume of milk inside the tanker and the system power consumption.


The utility model relates to a metal cutting tool, particularly a group twist drill with an improved structure of a group drill. The group twist drill is characterized in that the outer edges between the circular arc edges of the existing group drill and the edges are provided with second passing hollows, and second circular arc edges and second outer sharp edge angles can be formed. The group twist drill of the utility model is provided with four cutting sharp edges, the four passing hollows and the four circular arc edges. The cutting hierarchy of the original group drill is changed. The utility model has the function of drilling replacing expansion, drilling replacing hinging and drilling replacing scrape. The smoothness of holes processed by the group twist drill can reach to more than six times, and the precision of the holes can reach to 2 or 4 stages. The durability of the group twist drill can be enhanced to 2 or 3 times.


The spreading and intensifying addiction to fossil fuel-dependent lifestyles around the world, not least in the car-based transport sector, will inevitably add to the likelihood of ecological catastrophe from climate change. The longer we procrastinate in responding sufficiently to this prospect, the greater the chaos. This paper sets out key fallacious assumptions on which current policy is founded and outlines the only strategy that can achieve a relatively smooth and speedy transition to sufficiently sustainable practices and patterns of development that will assuredly deliver the essential very low-carbon footprints to prevent it.


A Reply to the Comment by J.F. Reading, T. Bronk, and A.L. Ford {copyright} {ital 1997} {ital The American Physical Society}


Global warming, the decrease in oil and gas reserves, as well as the volatility of fuel prices have aroused worldwide interest in implementing renewable energy, as a possible solution to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Through these practices, countries such as Germany and Denmark have benefited from environmental, social and economic aspects aimed at developing a comprehensive model for the energy sector. Considering this, the objective of this article is to analyze the wind speed based on the Weather Research and Forecasting model and the speed data of the stations of the Institute of Hydrology, Meteorology and Environmental Studies as validators, and thus model the spatial distribution of the potential wind through Weibull distribution and geostatistical interpolation methods. The results will support the entities, such as Colombia's Mining and Energy Planning Unit in making decisions in order to provide new options within the Colombian territory.


This paper aims to produce the best Learning Object (LO) for the learners in e-learning based on the learner characteristics. Delivery of optimal learning objects is a challenging task because the learning object (e.g. learning content, materials) should be suitable for learner's knowledge. To forecast the best learning objects, the Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) with learner characteristics has been proposed. ACO is an important probabilistic technique used to find the good solutions for hard problems in a reasonable amount of computation time. For adaptive learning, ACO observed the most recurrent trails followed by the previous learner. Therefore, in this paper an advanced e-learning is proposed, which provides flexibility for the learners based on learner characteristics as some e-learning abandon to consider learner characteristics and desires.


ABSTRACT Ionic liquids have been projected as the best solvent for extraction and separation of bioactive compounds from various origins. This review offers a collection of the published results, using ionic liquids for the extraction and purification of biomolecules. Ionic liquids have been studied as solvents, co-solvents and supported materials for separation of bioactive compounds. The ionic liquids-based extraction procedures were previously reported, such as ionic liquids-based solid-liquid extraction, liquid-liquid extraction and ionic liquids-modified materials are reviewed and compared to their performance. In this review, the main activities and future challenges are discussed, with major gaps identified using ionic liquids in extraction procedures and by advancing few steps to overcome these drawbacks. Abbreviation: [(HSO3)C4MIM]+: 1-(4-sulfonylbutyl)-3-methylimidazolium; [(C6H3OCH2)2im]+: 1,3-dihexyloxymethylimidazolium; [CnC1MIM]+: 1-alkyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium; [CnMIM]+; [Cn, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12]: 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium; [CnC1pyr]+: 1-alkyl-3-methylpyridinium; [Cnim]+: 1-alkylimidazolium; [Cnpyr]+: 1-alkylpyridinium; [aCnim]+: 1-allyl-3-alkylimidazolium; [C7H7MIM]+: 1-benzyl-3-methylimidazolium; [C4(C1C1C1Si)im]+: 1-butyl-3-trimethylsilylimidazolium; [(HOOC)C2MIM]+: 1-carboxyethyl-3-methylimidazolium; [(OH)CnMIM]+: 1-hydroxyalkyl-3-methylimidazolium; [(C2H5O)3SiC3MIM]+: 1-methyl-3-(triethoxy)silypropyl imidazolium; [(NH2)C3MIM]+: 1-propylamine-3-methylimidazolium; [CwHxNyOz]+: Chirally functionalized methylimidazolium; [P10(3OH)(3OH)(3OH)]+: Decyltris(3-hydrox- ypropyl) phosphonium; [N111(2OH)]+: N,N,N-trimethyl-N-(2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium (cholinium); [N00nn]+: N,N-dialkylammonium; [N0nn(2OH)]+: N,N-dialkyl-N-(2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium; [C10C10C1gluc]+: N,N-didecyl-N-methyl-d-glucaminium; [N11(2(O)1)0]+: N,N-dimethyl(2-methoxyethyl) ammonium; [N11(2OH)(C7H7)]+: N-benzyl-N,N-dimethyl-N-(2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium; [P66614]+: Trihexyltetradecylph- osphonium; [Pi(444)1]+: Triisobutyl (methyl) phosphonium; P.minus: Polygonum minus; NPs: Nanoparticle; ZnO : Zinc oxide nanoparticles ; Ni NPs: Nickel nanoparticles; MO: Methyl orange; UAE: Ultrasonic-assisted extraction; LLE: Liquid-liquid extraction; ABS: Aqueous biphasic system ; [Ace]−: Acesulfamate; [Ala]−: alalinate; [TMPP]−: bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)phosphinate; : ; [NTf2]−: bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide; [[Br]–]: [Br]omide; [Calc]: calkanoate; [Cl]–: chloride; [Bz]−: benzoate; [PF6]−: hexafluorophosphate; [HSO4]−: hydrogenosulfate; [OH]−: hydroxide; I–: iodide; [Lac]−: lactate; [NO3]−: nitrate; [[Cl]O4]−: perchlorate; [Phe]−: phenilalaninate; [BF4]−: tetrafluoroborate; [SCN]−: thiocyanate; [C(CN)3]−: tricyanomethanide; [CF3CO2]−: trifluoroacetate; [CF3SO3]−: trifluoromethanesulfonate; [FAP]−: tris(pentafluoroethyl)trifluorophosphate; ILs: Ionic liquids; Ag NPs: Silver nanoparticle; Cu NPs: Copper nanoparticle; MB: Methylene blue; MR: Methyl red ; MAE: Microwave-assisted extraction; SLE: solid-liquid extraction.


The treatment gap for mental, neurological and substance use (MNS) disorders is high in low and middle income countries, where over 75% of people with mental, neurological and substance use disorders receive no treatment or care at all. The main strategy to narrow this treatment gap is through integration of mental health care into primary healthcare. An important first step in the delivery of integrated care is to evaluate the attitude and capacity of primary healthcare workers. In this study encouraging proportion of primary care staff have favorable attitude towards mental illness and good knowledge. Improving training in basic mental health and managing the work load may positively impact the integration of mental health services into primary healthcare in Ethiopia. So, this information is helpful for other similar settings to integrate mental health services in primary health care settings.


I lOnged to return to China, and did. It has now been nearly 61 years and my heart remains With the people of China.


This project was sponsored by the US DOE Global Initiatives for Proliferation Prevention. The object was for Ukrainian and US partners, including Argonne, AETC, and Dontech to develop special carbon materials and factory production equipment with the goal of making better car batteries to achieve DOE's goals for all-electric and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles. Carbon materials are used in designs for lithium-ion batteries and metal-air batteries, both leading contenders for future electric cars. Specifically, the collaborators planned to use the equipment derived from this project to develop a rechargeable battery system that will use the carbon materials produced by the innovative factory process equipment. The final outcome of the project was that the Ukrainian participants consisting of the Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology (KIPT), the Institute of Gas of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the Materials Research Center, Ltd. designed, built, tested and delivered 14 pieces of processing equipment for pilot scale carbon production lines at the AETC, Arlington Heights facilities. The pilot scale equipment will be used to process materials such as activated carbon, thermally expanded graphite and carbon coated nano-particles. The equipment was shipped from Ukraine to the United States and received by AETC onmore » December 3, 2013. The equipment is on loan from Argonne, control # 6140. Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) and all-electric vehicles have already demostrated success in the U.S. as they begin to share the market with older hybrid electric designs. When the project was conceived, PHEV battery systems provided a ~40 mile driving range (2011 figures). DOE R&D targets increased this to >100 miles at reduced cost less than $250/kWh (2011 figures.) A 2016 Tesla model S has boasted 270 miles. The project object was to develop pilot-production line equipment for advanced hybrid battery system that achieves cycle life of 1000, an energy density of 280 Wh/kg and specific density of 600Wh/l. This project delivers factory equipment to produce these advanced battery materials.« less


This paper explores the traditional indicators that small-scale farmers in Gaza province in southern Mozambique use to predict drought events on their rain-fed farms. It analyzes the contextual situation regarding the accuracy and reliability of the traditional prediction methods under the current weather and conditions of climate uncertainty and variability, and the opportunities that their prediction methods can bring to reduce their current and future exposure and vulnerabilities to drought. Farmers use a total of 11 traditional environmental indicators to predict drought, either individually or combined, as required to increase their prediction certainty. However, the farmers perceive that current unpredictability, variability, and changes in weather and climate have negatively afected the interpretation, accuracy, and reliability of most of their prediction indicators, and thus their farming activities and their ability to predict and respond to drought. This, associated with the reduced number of elders in the community, is causing a decline in the diversity, and complexity of interpretation of indicators. Nonetheless, these diiculties have not impeded farmers from continuing to use their preferred prediction methods, as on some occasions they continue to be useful for their farming-related decisions and are also the main, or sometimes only, source of forecast. Considering the role these methods play in farmers' activities, and the limited access to meteorological forecasts in most rural areas of Mozambique, and the fact that the weather and climate is expected to continually change, this paper concludes that it is important to enhance the use of traditional prediction methods. However, the increase of the accuracy and reliability, and continued existence of the methods depends on the farmers' own abilities to enhance, preserve, and validate them by tailoring the traditional methods used to work with the new environmental, weather, and climatic conditions, or through the development of new methods.


ABSTRACT While there is ample evidence for the existence of positive wider economic impacts of air transportation, the associated spatial distribution of these impacts has received less attention. This paper uses a spatial–econometric approach with instrumental variables on European NUTS-3-level panel data to study the spatial distribution of the impacts of air transport access on a subset of service-sector employment that is not directly affected by activity in the aviation industry. While the spatially resolved approach confirms previous findings that regions close to an airport experience service-sector employment increases due to improved air transport access, we also find evidence for the presence of an agglomeration shadow, that is, negative employment effects for regions further away from an airport. The average total impact of connectivity increases on service employment is found to be positive.


A mathematical model of the sufficient-component cause frame- work is considered based on the theories of Boolean algebra. The model consists of the space of states of a binary experiment and a set of symmetries of the ex- periment. The space of states is a Boolean algebra of n Boolean variables where n is the number of the binary causes in the experiment. The set of symmetries of the experiment is a subgroup of the group of all automorphisms of Boolean algebra of the states of experiment. This subgroup is generated by transfor- mations preserving a type of interaction. An experimenter should deduce these transformations from the peculiar properties of the experiment. Examples of such transformations are provided. Classification of interactions is obtained by the calculation of the orbits of action of the group of symmetries on the space of states of the experiment. It is shown that the classification of the interaction for the ordinary symmetries of sufficient causes is the same asreported in re- lated works. Other symmetries of the binary experiment are considered as well. It is shown that the corresponding classification of the interaction types in a binary experiment depends substantially on the symmetries of the experiment. Statistical criteria of particular types of responses are proven and the problem


The bucket dredger in Shoal, dredge river plays an invaluable role. This article analyzes the device management from the perspective of the lower guide wheel bearing easy-to-wear reasons, and from the lubrication, sealing and bearing materials, made three coping strategies, the effect is significant.


Practical planar circuits involve metallic edges with finite conductivity and non-ideal dielectrics: it is usually more or less implicitly assumed that fields and induced currents behave as if conductors and dielectrics were ideal. In this paper we show such an assumption to be erroneous and that the presence of real conductors and dielectrics leads to a simpler and more physical picture.


Introduction: population's civic engagement can be considered as a predictor to the formation of a constructive dialogue with the authorities, the involvement of initiative residents in resolving issues of local importance. Objectives: to analyze the specifics of the civic engagement development at the local level, to determine the drivers of its formation. Methods: questionnaire survey of the Russian municipalities' residents. The final sample, based on the principle of spontaneous selection, included municipalities from 32 Russian regions. Results: the key drivers of the population's civic engagement were systematized, and their significance for various socio-demographic groups was determined. In particular, "having trusted leaders and organizers" is one of the key drivers for the older generation and youth. This need is more relevant in the public opinion of large cities residents. For the rural population, the most significant driver for civic engagement formation is "constructive dialogue and partnerships with local authorities". The respondents show interest to various forms of support for social partnership practices, with the focus on legal and organizational aspects that ensure the articulation of the opinions and positions of residents, the protection of their rights and interests. It has been established that the population's civic engagement has the highest potential for its formation in large Russian cities. Conclusions: the heads of local governments have the greatest opportunities for the development of population's civic engagement in comparison with other levels of government. The key task in this context is to build trust and reduce social distance between the municipality and residents, as well as to promote active leadership position and the readiness of local government leaders for a constructive dialogue with initiative residents, and to accumulate reputational capital of power.


In this article we analyze the definitions and measures of sustainability. We show that while definitions include an inter-generation element and another of intra-generation equity, most of the measures only consider the former. We explain the methodological reasons for that, as well as demonstrating the possibility of including other criteria -such as social productivity and potential surplus- which explain environmental problems derived from social relations.


Rheumatoid arthritis is a common chronic disorder. Its many complications, comorbidities and adverse effects of treatment often involve general physicians. Particular risks are septic arthritis, systemic infections, upper gastrointestinal ulcers and systemic vasculitis. Delayed diagnosis will result in poor outcomes.


The rapid development of China's economy directly relates to the emerging of the stratum of private owners.The comparison and study of the difference between the "primary generation" and "new generation" of this stratum is of great importance to the United Front and China's economy.


OpenCV (Open Source Computer Vision Library) is an open source computer vision and machine learning software library. In this project, the Author will try to detect and track a circle in an image using OpenCV library with the Author's proposed method. The quality of the method is very fine and the noises are low. Keywords—OpenCV; Thresholding Operations; Image Morphology; Canny; Hough Transforms; HSV;


Owing to the shortage of transmission space, double-circuit HVDC on the same tower has been widely applied in the power construction. However, the electromagnetic coupling of different pole in two circuits makes the transient electrical characteristics complex when a fault occurs. The protection based on travelling-wave plays a main role in direct circuit protection, which makes great significance in the study of travelling-wave characteristics in double-circuit HVDC, so as to win the master of operating performance of line protection. As a result, based on the Bergeron line model, the method of phase-mode transformation and modulus calculation for line voltage and current when a fault happens in double-circuit HVDC is proposed firstly. Then the travelling wave characteristics in double-circuit HVDC and the difference from travelling-wave HVDC in single-circuit are analyzed systematically. After that, the influence factors of asymmetric transposition of transmission lines and frequency dependent parameter are taken into consideration. Finally, the theory is analyzed and verified in the platform of PSCAD/EMTDC. The results of this paper help to analyze the performance and the adaptability in double-circuit of the travelling wave protection based on single-pole electrical information.


From times immemorial people have been telling stories to one another; humanity at large as well as entire civilizations have been built upon the impetus of this storytelling. First orally, later t ...


Abstract It is widely agreed that the focus of love is 'the beloved herself'—but what does this actually mean? Implicit in J. David Velleman's view of love is the intriguing suggestion that to have 'the beloved herself' as the focus of love is to respond to her essence. However, Velleman understands the beloved's essence to amount to the universal quality of personhood, with the result that the beloved's particularity becomes marginalized in his account. I therefore suggest an alternative. Based on Søren Kierkegaard's analysis of the self, I demonstrate that the beloved being 'herself' is determined by a quality—selfhood—that is both essential and particular to her. To have as the focus of love 'the beloved herself,' I claim, is to respond to this quality, which is to respond to her individual essence.


Augmented Reality (AR) has been demonstrated to be an efficient way to overcome the negative effect of time delays in teleoperation, because AR can superimpose the virtual simulation results on real working conditions in real-time. This paper proposes a general framework of Augmented Reality Aided Teleoperation Guidance (ARATG), which can support not only 3D predictive information but also operation guidance. Our general framework employs three individual but cooperative modules called tracking, image acquisition and interaction. Tracking module estimates the pose of virtual objects. Image acquisition module decides the type and content of virtual objects. And interaction module manages the multiform interactive information. A prototype system is implemented based on this ARATG framework, the experimental results show that our framework is both powerful and easy-to-use.


STUDY OBJECTIVES
To investigate and elucidate the role of GABA(A) receptor subunits, specifically the 2 genetic markers at the GABA(A) α1 and GABA(A) α6 receptors, in zolpidem-induced complex sleep behaviors (CSBs).

DESIGN
Genetic association study.

SETTING
Kaohsiung Medical University-affiliated hospitals, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.

PATIENTS
30 zolpidem-induced CSB subjects and 37 controls.

INTERVENTIONS
N/A.

MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS
The χ(2) test demonstrated an association between the A15G variant at the GABA(A) α1 receptor subunit gene and zolpidem-induced CSBs (P = 0.007). The adjusted odds ratio of the GABA(A) α1 receptor subunit genotype for the risk of zolpidem-induced CSBs was approximately 10 (OR = 9.99, 95% CI = 1.82, 74.87; P = 0.013).

CONCLUSIONS
The finding reveals that the A15G variant at the GABA(A) α1 receptor subunit gene confers a high risk of zolpidem-induced CSBs and may be considered in clinical services.


Given the very constructive comments provided, I can offer you to submit a revised version of the manuscript, addressing all concerns of the referees. Importantly, all requested controls need to be included (referee #2, point 1 and 2b; referee #3, point 3) more insight into the relevance of the FUNDC1, Drp1, Calnexin interactions is required the observed differences to the current literature need to be supported by additional analyses and discussion (referee #2, point 1; referee #3, point 10).


There has been considerable research in the last several years based on the principles of Active Appearance Models (AAMs). AAM is a robust methodology for general image (object) descriptions that incorporates shape and texture information. In this work, we extend the basic AAMs by developing a new method for texture description for the application of human facial modeling and synthesizing. The premise is to develop a better texture based model for the face that incorporates specific facial information such as wrinkling, micro-features (e.g., moles, scares, freckles, etc.), and aging features (e.g., sagging, hollowing of checks, weight gain, etc.) This paper proposes a new improvement in texture synthesis-Gabor Wavelet-based Appearance Model. The experimental results demonstrate the potential of this approach for face-based applications.


In recent years, the influence of mass media and consumptionoriented culture have changed the social meaning of human body. The research questions included in the study are as follows: 1) How can we categorize college students' attitudes shown toward diet activities?; 2) What are the characteristic features of these categories? Throughout this research, four types of Q-factors have been identified from college students' diet habits. Type 1, Social Conformist Type was composed of research subjects who would conform to social demands and expectations of diet. They used to depend upon such diet methods as regular physical exercises. Type 2, Self-Satisfaction Type included those research subjects who went onto diet for self-satisfaction. Most of them used the reduction of food consumption as a means of diet. Male students were the major constituents of this type. Type 3, Other-Directed Type was made of research subjects who went onto diet to improve social interactions. The most popular diet method this type used was to go without taking foods for a certain period of time. Type 4, Health-Oriented Type was composed of research subjects who went onto diet for health related reasons. The majority of this type used physical exercises as a favorite diet method.


Rotational isomerism in styrylnaphthalenes has been investigated by Raman vibrational spectroscopy. Evidence was found for the existence of two rotational, s-trans and s-cis, isomers in solutions of trans-2-styrylnaphthalene, and by analysis of the temperature dependence of relative band intensities an enthalpy difference of 0.71 ± 0.07 kcal mol–1 was derived for the equilibration reaction. Only one form was found for trans-1-styrylnaphthalene, where one of the two corresponding isomers is hindered by strong steric interactions. The results of this work greatly increase the evidence for conformational equilibria in trans-1,2-diarylethylenes previously obtained by fluorescence studies as well as predicted by molecular-orbital calculations.


The Covid-19 pandemic caused a crisis in the mass media in Indonesia. The state through the Press Council launched a behavior change journalism fellowship to address the media crisis. This behavior change journalism fellowship involves thousands of journalists and curators. They must produce at least 11 stories per month to obtain financial assistance from the state. This study aims to find out the country's strategic policies in the media sector in the era of the Covid-19 pandemic. The approach used in this study uses a qualitative approach and also uses a single holistic case study method. An approach that captures a dynamic context is the notion of a qualitative approach. While the case study is a method for recording an event that has a certain size in space and time. This study found that first, there were several strategic steps taken by the state in assisting the media in the era of the co-19 pandemic. Second, the quality of the news is very bad. Far from the standards of professional news produced by journalists. The journalism developed during a behavior change journalism fellowship is far from quality journalism. The main motivation for behavior change journalism fellowship participants is to earn money from the state, something that goes against one of the pillars of the media, that is, being independent.


The editors of this volume identified two bodies of literature that have much to offer each other: (1) the search for generally local solutions to problems of common pool resources (CPR) and (2) the development, within international relations (IR), of regimes that imbed independent states in patterns of cooperation on a range of issues. Both seek to understand the emergence of cooperation from the selfinterested interaction of multiple actors in the absence of solutions dictated by central political authority. Both emphasize the importance of institutional development, elaborate the processes of that development, and consider the roles that institutions play in facilitating ongoing cooperation. Yet, the CPR and IR literatures seldom talk to each other. Surely, the editors suggest, there is much to be gained by comparing understandings of collective action problems at polar ends of geographic scale. The editors and contributors used two focal points for comparison and contrast. The first and dominant focus of the volume is the actor set (its size and heterogeneity) and how it affects the prospects for cooperation. To start, the contributors consider how the number of actors and their heterogeneity influence prospects for cooperation. Intriguingly, most of the IR literature argues that cooperation becomes more difficult as the actor set grows, while the CPR literature sees the number as relatively unimportant. Moving from consideration of size to heterogeneity, many contributions to both literatures, especially those based on formal theory, posit homogeneous actors. Some work, especially hegemonic theory in the IR literature, investigates the implications of size or capabilities differentials. Little work in either tradition considers heterogeneity of actor preferences or of information and beliefs, a substantial area of attention in the volume. (That these largely ignored heterogeneities then become major topics is somewhat surprising, and even distracting, considering the book's purpose of initiating dialogue between existing traditions).


In Act III of Shakespeare's interpretation of the Trojan War, Troilus and Cressida, the Greek warrior, Achilles—irritated by snubs from some Hellenic leaders—blurts out to steadfast Ulysses about his battlefield achievements, "What are my deeds forgot?" Always the pragmatist, Ulysses, with more important things on his mind, reminds his friend about the ephemeral nature of wartime triumphs: "Those scraps are good deeds past, which are devoured / As fast as they are made, forgot as soon / As done." For Achilles, these brief words offer little conciliation, reminding him not only of how fleeting his good deeds are but also of how, on the road to oblivion, they can become, like memory itself, so indistinct that their truth or falsity is lost.


Mathur et al. reported that the DNA polymerase from the hyperthermophilic archaebacterium Pyrococcus furiosus testify for the specific grouping of archaebacteria and eukaryotes in the tree relating the three domains of life (1), in agreement with the proposal of Woese et al. (2). Indeed, they have shown that amino acid sequences of regions 1 and 2a from P.furiosus DNA polymerase are more similar to homologous regions in a set of eukaryotic DNA polymerases than in a set of eubacterial and bacteriophage DNA polymerases (1). However, this report is misleading, since the prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA polymerases used in their work belong to different families: family A in the case of eubacterial and bacteriophage DNA polymerases, and family B in the case of eukaryotic DNA polymerases (3). Since a prokaryotic DNA polymerase of the B family is known (E. coli DNA polymerase II), I align regions 1 and 2a from P.furiosus DNA polymerase with those from E. coli DNA polymerase II and eukaryotic DNA polymerases used by Mathur et al. (Human DNA polymerase ca and Yeast DNA polymerases 6 and REV3), together with regions 1 and 2a from Yeast DNA polymerase E, which also belongs to the B family In the archaebacterial, eubacterial and eukaryotic sequences exhibit about the same level of similarity the data do not testify for a specific relationship between archaebacteria and eukaryotes. however, the finding of a


Leishmaniasis is an extremely dif.cult disease to treat. Previously, it was shown that oral Kalanchoe pinnata (Kp) leaf extract is strongly effective against murine leishmaniasis. Here, it is shown that the serum levels of alanine‐aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate‐aminotransferase (AST), urea and alkaline phosphatase were unchanged in mice orally treated with supraoptimal Kp doses for 30 days, indicating the absence of chronic toxicity to the liver, heart or kidney. Additionally, evidence is presented that human leishmaniasis may also be controlled with oral Kp. A 36‐year‐old man with an active cutaneous leishmaniasis was orally treated with 30 g wet weight of Kp leaves/day for 14 days. During the Kp treatment, the lesion stopped growing and slightly decreased. No adverse reactions or toxicity was observed. This study reports for the first time that Kalanchoe pinnata contains substances potentially active and safe for the oral treatment of human cutaneous leishmaniasis. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


This short article represents, in substance, a memorandum of evidence submitted to the Joint Scrutiny Committee on the Draft Mental Health Bill.


Abstract The work is motivated by an industrial problem, which is alcohol removal from pharmaceutical process wastewater. The aim of the study was to develop a complete hybrid operation is investigated. Ethanol dehydration, in combination with distillation and hydrophilic pervaporation, is used to investigate about the extent of separation of the ethanol-water mixture. The aim of this research is to rigorously model and optimize this hybrid operation in professional flowsheet simulator environment. The number of minimal theoretical plates of distillation column and minimal effective membrane transfer area are determined. Cost estimation is also examined according to Douglas methodology. Considering our results it can be concluded that, the distillation and hydrophilic pervaporation processes are suitable for separation ethanol and water in 99.5 weight percent purity


In this article, it is argued that South Africa's post-1994 dream is marked by a tension between servicing and transformation – mutually supporting, but potentially also divergent set of intentions, processes and outcomes. Towards the end of 2006 the national Presidency in South Africa embarked on an ambitious project of using the spatial logic and principles of the National Spatial Development Perspective (NSDP) to structure a process of high-level intergovernmental and civil society dialogue, strategising, plan-preparation, resource-allocation and implementation in all District Municipalities in the country over a three-year period. This project, in which both authors were intensively involved, is used to illustrate this tension and need for convergence and balance between servicing and transformation. The project context and key planning and governance challenges are described, the project outcomes highlighted, possible explanations for the findings probed, and the lessons learnt, documented.


Utilization of plants as food wrappers is a local wisdom that needs to be preserved. The preservation of traditional knowledge can be done through learning media. This research aims to produce valid learning media and obtain a positive response from students. The research uses Research and Development (R&D) with the ADDIE development model consisting of 5 stages: Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. Data collection was obtained from interviews, observations, and questionnaires. Data were analyzed using a Likert scale questionnaire. Based on the validation results, the development of an ethnobatany-based encyclopedia on wrapping plants of the Malay Tribe in Meliau Sub-district obtained a highly valid assessment from subject matter experts (91.67%), media experts (95.83%), and valid from language experts (79.86%). In the small-scale trial, 14 students responded positively by 76.67%, and in the large-scale trial, 42 students responded positively by 89.80%, based on aspects of content, language, implementation, and appearance. It can be concluded that the Ethnobotany-based Encyclopedia on wrapping plants of the Malay Tribe in Meliau sub-district, developed as a learning media, is highly suitable for use in the learning process and has received a positive response. The successfully developed encyclopedia media contains the morphological characteristics of plants, food products wrapped with them, and QR codes displaying the process of food wrapping using wrapping plants. This encyclopedia media can also serve as a means of preserving the local wisdom of the Malay community in Meliau Sub-district in utilizing plants as eco-friendly food wrappers.


In the summer of 2005, thirty-eight years after it gained control over the Gaza Strip, Israel left the sandy Mediterranean region.1 The Disengagement Plan, as the withdrawal was called by the Israeli government, was intended to benefit the state of Israel by finally defining its southern border, helping to secure a Jewish majority within its newly consolidated borders, and allowing Israel to take the lead in a moment of stalemate in the peace process. The plan was further intended to benefit the 1.3 million Palestinians who resided in Gaza by ending foreign control over their lives.2 One group, however, did not stand to gain from the move, for the Israeli rollback included not


ABSTRACT This paper examines the relationship between student characteristics of online learning readiness and student outcomes in online courses at two higher educational institution. Data were collected from student surveys (student characteristics of readiness and outcomes) and merged with institutional student information systems data (e.g., demographics and course grades). Multiple regression analyses revealed that several student characteristics of online learning readiness significantly influenced student outcomes. MANOVA analyses were conducted to examine between group differences of each student characteristics among underrepresented student groups. Significant findings are reported for minorities and for students with disabilities.


Heavy-ion irradiation of crystalline germanium (c-Ge) results in the formation of a homogeneous amorphous germanium (a-Ge) layer at the surface. This a-Ge layer undergoes structural modification such as a strong volume expansion accompanied by drastic surface blackening with further ion irradiation. In the present paper we investigate the mechanism of this ion-induced structural modification in a-Ge basically for the irradiation with I ions (3 and 9 MeV) at room and low temperature as a function of ion fluence for the ion incidence angles of {Theta}=7 deg. and {Theta}=45 deg. For comparison, Ag- and Au-ion irradiations were performed at room temperature as a function of the ion fluence. At fluences two orders of magnitude above the amorphization threshold, morphological changes were observed for all irradiation conditions used. Over a wide range of ion fluences we demonstrate that the volume expansion is caused by the formation of voids at the surface and in the depth of the projected ion range. At high ion fluences the amorphous layer transforms into a porous structure as established by cross section and plan view electron microscopy investigations. However, the formation depth of the surface and buried voids as well as the shape and the dimension ofmore » the final porous structure depend on the ion fluence, ion species, and irradiation temperature and will be discussed in detail. The rate of the volume expansion (i.e., porous layer formation) depends linearly on the value of {epsilon}{sub n}. This clearly demonstrates that the structural changes are determined solely by the nuclear energy deposited within the amorphous phase. In addition, at high ion fluences all perpendicular ion irradiations lead to a formation of a microstructure at the surface, whereas for nonperpendicular ion irradiations a nonsaturating irreversible plastic deformation (ion hammering) without a microstructure formation is observed. For the irradiation with ion energies of several MeV, the effect of plastic deformation shows a linear dependence on the ion fluence. Based on these results, we provide an explanation for the differences in surface morphology observed for different angles of incidence of the ion beam will be discussed in detail.« less


Reaction of [MoCo(CO)5(PPh3)2(η5-C5H5)] (1) with diphenylacetylene in tetrahydrofuran at 50 °C yielded two heterobimetallic compounds, [MoCo(CO)4.(PPh3){μ-PhC CPh}(η5-C5H5)] (4) and [MoCo(CO)5{μ-PhC CPh} (η5-C5H5)] (5). However, an unexpected product, Co(CO)2(μ-CO)(μ:η2,η4-C4Ph4)Co(CO)2(PPh3) (6), was observed while attempting to grow the crystals for structural determination of 4. The X-ray crystal structure of 6 was determined: triclinic, , a = 11.654(2) A, b = 12.864(2) A, c = 13.854(2) A, α = 89.67(2)°, β = 86.00(2)°, γ= 83.33(2)°, V = 2057.9(6) A3 Z=2. In 6, two cobalt fragments are at apical and basal positions of the pseudo-pentagonal pyramidal structure, respectively. The electron count for the apical cobalt fragments is 20, which is rather unusual. It is believed that 6 was formed after the fragmentation and recombination of the fragmented species of 4.


Aims The aim of this study is to assess the level of alexithymia, coping strategies and stress contribution to illness in patients with psoriasis and atopic dermatitis in order to increase effectiveness of dermatological treatment. Method 59 patients with atopic dermatitis, 67 with psoriasis and 65 healthy control group individuals were included in the cross-sectional study. Predominant complains of the patients: itching, widespread rashes and rashes on the open areas of the skin. In 85% patients with skin pathology onset of the disease and relapses were associated with stress, in 15% other factors. "The 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale" was used to assess alexithymia. "The Ways of Coping Checklist, Lazarus" was used to assess coping-strategies. "The Holmes and Rage Stress Inventory" was used to assess stress contribution to illness. Significance level: p < 0,05. Result The levels of alexithymia (p = 0.002), difficulty identifying feelings subscale (p = 0.02) and externally-oriented thinking subscale (p = 0.002) in patients with skin pathology (especially in those with psoriasis) were higher than in the control group. Patients with skin pathology turned out to be more susceptible to stress factors (p = 0.025) and less often use coping strategy "seeking social support" (p = 0.037). Patients with skin pathology with high levels of alexithymia and difficulty identifying feelings subscale more likely to use maladaptive "escape-avoidance" coping (p = 0.001). Patients with atopic dermatitis who find difficult to describe feelings are more likely to use maladaptive coping "distancing"(p = 0.002). In patients with psoriasis high levels of alexithymia and externally-oriented thinking subscale scores are associated with less common use of the adaptive coping "problem solving"(p = 0.001). Moreover, in patients with psoriasis high levels of difficulty identifying feelings subscale are associated with more common use of maladaptive "escape-avoidance" coping (p = 0.001). Conclusion The results of the study confirm the need to include psychological assessment and psychotherapy in the treatment plan for patients with psoriasis and atopic dermatitis in order to improve emotional awareness and to develop more adaptive coping-strategies in patients.


Summary
Contamination of food by spoilage and pathogenic micro-organisms costs the food industry millions of dollars annually. Much of this contamination may be attributed to the presence of biofilms in the processing plant. In this review, we examine the properties of micro-organisms and the surfaces of processing equipment that influence the formation of biofilms. Of particular concern is the increased resistance of biofilms to cleaning and disinfection processes. Alternative means of controlling biofilm development are described and some aspects where more information is required are identified.


The present paper attempts to investigate the efficiency of life insurance companies in India for the year 2011. An insurance company is said to be efficient if it produce maximum profit using minimum level of available resources. Due to new policies of Government of India, many new insurance companies emerged in Indian market which created a high competition among themselves, which made administrators to monitor their company's efficiency level over a period of times to make improvement or changes in their strategy to survive. Studying efficiency of an organization became pioneering area of research during the last several years. Among many frontier techniques Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) is one of the best known techniques to determine the efficiency. The SFA results indicate that the efficient scores lie between the values 0.1244 to 0.9992; and the average efficient score for all 24 life insurance companies is 0.5767. The life insurance company LI03 is ranked first with the efficiency score of 0.9992 followed by LI11 with efficiency score of 0.9881. LI24 stands last with the efficiency score of 0.1244 (rank 24). The variables investment and net claims considered in the present study differ significantly at 5% level.


In 1985, Kaneyuki and Williams [20] introduced the notion of paracontact geometry. After that many authors [1, 2, 13, 16] contribute to study paracontact geometry. A systematic study of paracontact metric manifolds was given by Zamkovoy [31]. More recently, Cappelletti-Montano et al. [10] introduced a new type of paracontact geometry, so-called paracontact metric (k, μ)-spaces, where k and μ are some real constants. Also Martin-Molina [23, 24] obtained some classification theorems on paracontact metric (k, μ)-spaces and constructed some examples (see also [5]). The conformal curvature tensor C is invariant under conformal transformations and vanishes identically for three-dimensional manifolds. Using this fact several authors [14, 21, 22] studied various types of three-dimensional manifolds.


Method for sealing leaks and repair of joints and cracking and foundation rock dams without desembalsar without suspending the operation. Provides a process for repairing and sealing cracks, takeoff contact foundation and rock joints in dams, by high pressure injection of polymers, recovering monolithic structural and sealing waterways without desembalsar and maintaining the service. First, a plane fractures rises, and injected holes, which are drilled and analyzed TV camera and for status geophysical discontinuities probes. After nozzles are installed for high pressure zone washed injected, and the injection is performed, polymer viscosities even higher than 100,000 cP at pressures of 600 atm or more, to displace water and filled fractures, recovering, once the resin, its structural characteristics and initial mechanical hardened.


This paper proposes and experimentally investigates a new spreading code generation method to suppress aliasing distortions without using any processing at the receiver in DOS CDMA RoF system.


It is the CCP who created a new road leading to Chinese modernization after the republic of China was founded. It is since the Third Plenary Session of the 11th of the CCP that Chinese modernization construction was led in a new period of reform and opening up. In this new historical period, the second generation of collective leadership of the CCP established some new understanding of the world historical process of the modernization, China's national conditions and the nature of socialism, and realized historical breakout in the model, dynamism and strategies of Chinese modernization.


Abstract : The US Army s Mission Command Doctrine, published in 2011, emphasizes the centrality of the commander and the use of mission orders in order to address the decentralized nature of the contemporary operating environment (COE). Within the precepts of the new doctrine, the intent of Mission Command is to permeate the operations process as well as the management and the execution of training. However, current processes used to manage unit readiness (Army Force Generation - ARFORGEN) inhibit lower level initiative and prevent units from achieving a greater degree of proficiency; completely antithetical to sprit of mission command. The centralized control of the ARFORGEN process produces a good enough mentality, compromising quality for quantity in an effort to support a high operational tempo. As a result, the principles of mission command have collapsed under the weight of the ARFORGEN process. Addressing this gap, this paper advances the position that the current ARFORGEN process does not support Mission Command doctrine as defined in ADP 6.0, Mission Command nor does it capture the spirit of ADP 7.0, Training Units and Developing Leaders.


In this paper, we characterize the boundedness and compactness of weighted composition operatorsC'f = ˆfo' act- ing between Bergman-type spaces. LetD be the open unit disk in the complex planeC: Denote byH(D) the space of holomorphic functions on D: A weighted composition op- eratorC'(f)(z) = ˆ(z)f('(z)); for all z 2 D; where ' andare holomorphic functions deflned in D such that '(D) ‰ D: When ˆ = 1; we just have the composition operator C' deflned by C'(f) = fo' and when '(z) = z we have the multiplication operator Mdeflned by Mˆ(f) = ˆf: During the last century, composition operators have been studied extensively on spaces of analytic functions with the aim to explore the connection between the behavior of C' and function the- oretic properties of ': During the past few decades this subject has undergone explosive growth. As a consequence of the Littlewood Subor- dination principle (10) it is known that every analytic self map ' induces a bounded composition on Hardy and weighted Bergman spaces of the unit disk. However characterizing the compact composition operators acting on Hardy spaces of the disk was a di-cult problem. Commend- able work in this direction was done by Schwartz (14), Shapiro and Taylor (15), MacCluer and Shapiro (11) and Shapiro (16). Many other impor- tant properties of C' have also been studied on these spaces. We refer


Recent developments in continuous-flow isotope ratio mass spectrometry have considerably enhanced the ability to make rapid and precise measurements of the stable isotope 15N. Although the amounts of nitrogen required for precise analyses have been reduced considerably, the levels required remain a limitation for many applications. A simple manipulation of the use of commercially available equipment is described that allows the simultaneous determination of nitrogen and 15N at levels as low as 10 nmol of total nitrogen.