Acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN) is a subtype of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) with predominant motor axonal changes and no sensory signs or symptoms. Recovery can vary from complete to incom- plete with residual disability1. Arsenic is a heavy metal which is poisonous at low concentrations. Acutely, it causes vomiting, colicky abdominal pain and profuse watery diarrhoea. Its poisonous effects on the nervous system include a peripheral neuropathy mimicking GBS. Arsenic is a popular choice as an incon- spicuous murder weapon. It can resemble white sugar in appearance and be tasteless and odourless2. Other uses include pest control in agriculture and as a cotton desiccant. Certain forms of arsenic have been used in chemical warfare. We present a case of a 39 year-old female refugee with a 20 year history of bilateral upper and lower limb distal weakness. Aged 17, she developed profuse vomiting followed by an acute paralytic illness whilst living on a cotton farm in Kurdistan, Iraq. Neurophysiology demonstrated a severe motor axonal neuropathy with chronic partial denervation on EMG. We believe her symptoms may be related to arsenic poisoning, used during the Iraqi-Kurdish civil war3. This case highlights the impor- tance of considering geopolitical factors to aid diagnosis in neurological presentations. email@example.com


The frequency of red blood cell antigens in the spiny dogfish, Squalus acanthias, was shown to be not statistically different from that described for fish from the Gulf of Maine, U.S.A. Five other species of fish in New Zealand waters, snapper (Chrysophyrs auratus), barracouta (Thyrsites atun), gurnard (Trigla kumu), red cod (Pseudophycis bacchus), and tarakihi (Cheilodactylus macropterus) were shown to carry antibodies that may be useful reagents in defining stocks of fish on the basis of red blood cell antigen frequency.


Mode simulations for surface plasmonic nano-waveguides are presented for applications in developing nanometer sized laser cavities. The structure considered is a semiconductor quantum well sandwiched between metal layers. The simulations show that the plasmonic waveguide follow the dispersion relations of a conventional dielectric waveguide. An estimate for the gain requirement on the quantum well structure is also provided.


An ever-increasing portion of design effort is spent on functional verification. The verification space as the set of possible combinations of a design's attributes is likely to be very large making it infeasible to verify each point in this space. State-of-the-art verification tools tackle this problem by using directed random generation of combinations in order to get satisfactory coverage with the desired distribution. The main drawback of using random generators is that increasing coverage grade demands lead to an exponential growth in runtime. As remedy to this deficiency coverage driven verification strategies were proposed generating only combinations not covered so far. Unfortunately, this cannot completely solve the problem since usually an arbitrary combination is generated which is then checked for previous coverage. In this work, decision diagrams are used to represent the set of valid combinations inside the complete verification space. Based on this analytical model, any number of combinations can be generated in linear time. Applied to coverage driven verification, this methodology leads to random generation orders of magnitudes faster than conventional approaches


Board members and the chairman of the board must provide shareholders and other stakeholders with annual reports that include the chairman's statement. The statement provides an important message to stakeholders concerning financial performance, non-financial information and future outlook of the company. Stakeholders are concerned about the transparency and usefulness of the disclosed as this would have an impact on whether the chairman's message is readable or not. The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether messages from the chairman of the board are readable or not. A sample of 40 Johannesburg Stock Exchange listed companies, for the financial period ending 2021, was selected to meet the study objectives. The Gunning Fog Index (Fog index) was applied to assess the readability of the chairman's statement. The study found that it was difficult to read the chairman's statements for the selected corporations and South African companies.


European-American youth gangs facilitated cultural assimilation because of their close ties with political authorities and organizations that commanded substantial social and economic power. African-American youth gangs, however, reinforced cultural separation because of their embeddedness in racially segregated, economically marginalized, and politically powerless communities. C5 Refugees C6 Brain Drain C7 Undocumented Migration C8 Assimilation and Acculturation


Charles Spurgeon contended and demonstrated that clear warnings concerning the coming wrath of God are an essential element of biblical preaching. A survey of published sermons provides a taste of such preaching, from his earliest days in Waterbeach to his later sermons in London. This lays the groundwork for assessing some of the particular features of Spurgeon's preaching of judgment and mercy, including its clarity, vividness, frequency, and consistency, arising out of a sense of duty, with real compassion and grace. While the examples themselves are illuminating, Spurgeon's instruction and exhortation also prompt today's preachers and hearers to consider whether we have achieved anything of a Christlike emphasis and tone on this too-often-overlooked element of faithful gospel ministry. KEYWORDS: Charles Spurgeon, hell, judgment, wrath, mercy, Christ, preaching, damnation, grace, ministry


: This article is based on the official tourism Weibo data from 25 provinces in China from 2015 to 2017. Two comprehensive indicators activity and interaction are constructed to evaluate the operational effectiveness of tourism official Weibo in various regions. The two indicators of activity and interaction are introduced into the regression model of tourism income, and analyzed using an individual fixed effects model, this paper puts forward five first level indicators of the tourism official microblog marketing effect, namely, "microblog publishers, fans, blog attraction, Pathogen transmission, and communication benefits", and on this basis, it puts forward 18 second level indicators, so as to build an evaluation indicator system of the tourism official microblog marketing effect.


This thesis outlines the design, construction, and testing of a tomography system based on a compact deuterium-deuterium fast neutron generator and an arc-shaped array of individual neutron detectors. Such a tomography arrangement was developed in order to provide a tool for non-destructive analysis with capabilities complementary to the techniques already available. The context of this novel system and its possible applications are discussed, with emphasis on multi-phase flow studies. The work is broken up into three main sections. The first is the development and experimental characterization of the fast neutron generator itself, which was purpose-deigned for imaging applications. This included using Monte Carlo simulations to relate the response of an LB6411 neutron probe to the neutron generator output. The yield was measured to be up to ∼10 neutrons/s. A technique for experimentally determining the neutron emitting spot size, an important parameter for imaging, was developed and applied. Specifically, an aluminum block was moved stepwise between the source and a BC400 plastic scintillator detector in order to measure an edge response. This edge response was related to the neutron emitting spot size using Monte Carlo simulations and a simplified geometry-based model. The experimentally determined spot size of 2.2 mm agreed well with the simulated value of 1.5 mm. The time-dependence of pulsed output for various operating conditions was also measured and discussed. Overall the neutron generator was shown to perform well for its intended use in neutron imaging. The second section is the conceptual design and optimization of the detector array. The array functions as a position sensitive one-dimensional detector allowing tomographic reconstruction of a two-dimensional cross section of an object. The design optimization was for objects up to 10 cm in diameter, although much larger objects can be imaged at diminishing spatial resolutions. Each individual detector is optically isolated and consists of a plastic scintillator and a Silicon Photomultiplier for measuring light produced by recoil protons. A deterministic geometry-based model and a series of Monte Carlo simulations were used to optimize the design geometry parameters affecting the reconstructed image resolution. From this, it was expected that with an array of 100


Industrial technological innovation is important to the technical progress and optimum structure.But the research about the industrial technological innovation is not enough in China.This article introduced the industrial technological innovation by the meaning feature and effect of it.


Ice core samples contain information about the geological history of Earth, including past climate changes. Dome Fuji, situated at the highest point of land in central Antarctica, is considered one of the best drilling locations for procuring samples for reconstructing past climates and environments. We present here fundamental data on the concentrations of dissolved ions in shallow samples, between depths of 7.7 m and 65.0 m, from the Dome Fuji ice core drilled in 2001. A total of 1435 samples were obtained for analysis. The measured anions were HCOO, CH3COO, CH3SO3, F, Cl, NO2, NO3, SO4, C2O4, and PO4, and the cations were Na, K, Mg, Ca, and NH4. The measurements were carried out using ion chromatography. The temporal resolution of the depth profiles of the ion concentrations was less than one year. No significant correlations were observed among these ions except between Na and Cl. Figure 1 shows the ion balance in the core, based on the averaged ion concentrations of the samples. As shown in this figure, the ion balance in the ice core was far different from that of sea salt, a result consistent with a finding of previous studies. The previous studies and our data imply the probability that precipitation around Dome Fuji might reflect conditions in the stratosphere.


Modelling randomness in shape data, for example, the evolution of shapes of organisms in biology, requires stochastic models of shapes. This paper presents a new stochastic shape model based on a description of shapes as functions in a Sobolev space. Using an explicit orthonormal basis as a reference frame for the noise, the model is independent of the parameterisation of the mesh. We define the stochastic model, explore its properties, and illustrate examples of stochastic shape evolutions using the resulting numerical framework.


Debris flow are gravity driven mass flows which can create catastrophic geohazards along their overriding paths. Driven by the gravity, debris flow can travel long distances on favorable continental slopes. Their frontal velocity can be very high which may pose significant threat to offshore installations such as subsea pipelines, communication cables and offshore platforms (Yuan et. al., 2012). Therefore, understanding their dynamic behavior is critical in order to mitigate potential geohazards. The specific objective of this paper is to present a coupled two dimensional numerical model that characterizes debris flow movement, rheological properties and its interaction with subsea installations. For demonstration purpose, the coupled model has been applied to schematized settings representing generalized continental shelves with canyons.Recorded Presentation from the vICCE (YouTube Link):


This paper examines the role of conciliation in resolving complaints of sexual harassment in the workplace. It analyses the experience of a small group of women who lodged complaints of sexual harassment and were assisted through a conciliation process by the Queensland Working Women's Service in 2007–08. It provides an overview of the literature surrounding female engagement with alternative dispute resolution (ADR) and traces the origins of the ADR movement. Concerns are raised about the appropriateness of handling sexual harassment through conciliation and about who really benefits from conciliation. This paper considers the validity of the belief that women are comfortable with and less vulnerable in conciliatory dispute resolution processes, as ADR is suggested to be more compatible with 'female' ways of communicating, and considers whether the original aims of ADR and the actual experiences of women are reconcilable.


We investigate the role of payoff asymmetry in laboratory prisoner's dilemma games. Symmetric and asymmetric games are examined in simultaneous and sequential settings. In the asymmetric sequential games, we study the impact of having payoff advantaged players moving either first or second. Asymmetry reduces the rates of cooperation in simultaneous games. In sequential games, asymmetry interacts with order of play such that the rate of cooperation is highest when payoff disadvantaged players move first.


In complex environments, firms adopt continuously new IT-based systems and tools for knowledge management, otherwise knowledge can be dispersed or lost. And as a part of the new product development process, the product design is one of the most crucial phases for the relevance of its data and information and for the importance of the new knowledge creation of its designers and engineers. This chapter argues, through a conceptual model, the strategic role of the integration of knowledge management systems and special communities for the acceleration of the new product development process and presents an ontology-based knowledge management system and its application in the context of a community of automotive designers. More precisely, the issue management, based on this engineered IT-system, will accelerate and optimize the product design phase and knowledge sharing among the designers and engineers.


Infant formula companies began fortifying formulas with long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in 2002, including arachidonic acid (AA) at ~ 0.5% of total fatty acids. This study is the first in a series that will examine whether supra‐physiological supplementation of AA will improve intestinal health. The objective of this study was to determine the time specific effects of feeding formula enriched with AA on fatty acid composition of enterocyte phospholipids and on the functional development of the small intestine. One day old pigs (N=96) were fed a milk‐based formula for 4, 8, or 16 d. Diets contained either no polyunsaturated fatty acids (0%AA, negative control), 0.5%AA, 2.5%AA, 5%AA, or 5% eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) of total fatty acids. A sow‐fed reference group (N= 18) also was included. Growth (299 +/− 21 g/d) was unaffected by treatment (p>0.6). By day 16, ileal enterocyte phospholipid concentrations of AA were enriched 176%, 280%, and 355% in pigs fed the 0.5%AA, 2.5%AA, and 5%AA diets, respectively, compared with the 0%AA negative control. Concentration of AA within enterocytes of the 5% EPA fed pigs was similar to that of the 0%AA fed pigs, while EPA concentration increased by >8 fold. These data demonstrate a dose‐dependent response in enterocyte AA concentration to dietary AA and that supra‐physiologic supplementation of AA is not detrimental to growth.


The Ecomusee, as emerged in France in the 1970s, is a form of open-air museum that aims to maintain collections in their original environments with local communities serving as curators and managing their own heritage. This approach and philosophy implies and is dependent upon democratic principles in the conservation and interpretation processes. Since the 1990s, China has adopted the ecomusee concept for the conservation of selected ethnic villages to relieve tensions between poverty and heritage conservation. However, does this concept really work in China? To answer this question, the Suojia Ecomuseum, the first such initiative - has been selected as a case study and assessed using the mixed methodologies of on-site observation, documentation and semistructured interviews. This process has identified several issues and problems associated with this ecomuseum. It demonstrates that Suojia Ecomuseum has not achieved international benchmarks, neither philosophical nor practical expectations have been met. This conclusion challenges the internationally acknowledged notion that all ecomuseums develop and are operated using a bottom-up approach, that they were all community-based and democratic. These discrepancies lead to other questions about the differences between ecomuseums in China and elsewhere. In order to map and compare the differences between ecomuseums in China and in Western democracies, a detailed survey was undertaken using Melbourne's Living Museum of the West, Australia. Applying the same methodologies as in China, a comparable examination was undertaken as to its background, objectives, management structures, programs and activities, and project outcomes as well as problems. The differences between Suojia Ecomuseum and Melbourne's Living Museum are then explained and shown. They demonstrate quite diverse organisations with different objectives and management structures relating to different cultural and natural resources. However, the unexpected finding was that the futures of both ecomuseums relied on the financial support and passion of younger generations and hence were vulnerable.


Network trustworthiness is a critical component of network security, as it builds on positive inter-actions, guarantees, transparency, and accountability. And with the growth of smart city services and applications, trustworthiness is becoming more important. Most current network trustworthiness solutions are insufficient, particularly for critical infrastructures where end devices are vulnerable and easily hacked. In terms of the energy sector, blockchain technology transforms all currencies into digital modes, thereby allowing one person to manage and exchange energy with others. This has drawn the attention of experts in many fields as a safe, low-cost platform to track billions of transactions in a distributed energy economy. Security and trust issues are still relatively new in the current centralized energy management scheme. With blockchain technology, a decentralized energy infrastructure enables parties to establish micro- grid trading energy transactions and apply artificial intelligence (AI). Using AI in energy systems enables machines to learn various parameters, such as predicted required amounts, excess amounts, and trusted partners. In this article, we envision a cooperative and distributed framework based on cutting-edge computing, communication, and intelligence capabilities such as AI and blockchain in the energy sector to enable secure energy trading, remote monitoring, and trustworthiness. The proposed framework can also enable secure energy trading at the edge devices and among multiple devices. There are also discussions on difficulties, issues, and design principles, as well as spotlights on some of the more popular solutions.


Destination study that is knowing role satisfaction in mediate compensation and rotation work to performance employee . Method analysis in study this use approach  structural Equation Modelling (SEM). The population in this study are employees at outlets Indosat Ooredoo as many as 120 people . Sample research data this is taken based on sample census , that is all population made as sample that is as many as 120 respondents . Data used is the primary data where respondent get data for questionnaire . Whereas method data collection used in study this is with questionnaires and interviews .
kindly direct competence and rotation work as well as satisfaction work take effect significant to performance employee whereas compensation no significant to performance employee . kindly no direct satisfaction have role significant in mediate competency and compensation to performance employee whereas satisfaction work no have role in mediate rotation work to performance employee .


a limited discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of each modality. The authors provide a fair and balanced overview of each modality without evidence of bias, largely confining their discussion of advantages and disadvantages of each modality to published results of randomized trials and meta-analyses. Their review is distinguished by an exceptionally detailed review of thoracic innervation and accompanying images of external landmarks and ultrasound-guided block placement. After reviewing the literature, the authors ultimately conclude that further studies are needed that evaluate the comparative effectiveness of newer block techniques, such as ICNB and fascial plane blocks, with more traditional methods, such as TEA and TPVB. As a narrative review


We present optical and infrared imaging and spectroscopy of the R Coronae Borealis-type (R Cor Bor) star IRAS 00450+7401. Optical spectra further confirm its classification as a cool R Cor Bor system, having a hydrogen-deficient carbon star spectral subclass of HdC5 or later. Mid-infrared spectroscopy reveals the typical ∼8 μm "hump" seen in other R Cor Bor stars and no other features. A modern-epoch spectral energy distribution shows bright emission from hot dust having T dust > 600 K. Historical infrared data reveal generally cooler dust color temperatures combined with long-term fading trends, but provide no discernible correlation between flux level and temperature. Investigating the most mid-infrared variable R Cor Bor stars found in IRAS, AKARI, and WISE data reveals similar fading trends, bursts that can show a factor of up to 10 change in flux density between epochs, and blackbody-fit dust color temperatures that span 400–1300 K. While some R Cor Bor stars such as IRAS 00450+7401 appear to undergo fade/burst cycles in the mid-infrared, significant gaps in temporal coverage prevent conclusively identifying any preferred timescale for their mid-infrared variability and circumstellar dust temperature changes.


Adolescence is the most vulnerable stage of life, and children at this age require greater parental attention, care, love, and support. In today's world, young minds spend a lot of time on the internet. One of the simplest approaches is to use social media, which incorporates media and social connectivity sites. Social networking has become an important element of many young people's life nowadays. The majority of people use social media without thinking about the influence it has on their lives, whether positive or negative. We are more concerned with our virtual friends than the folks with whom we interact on a daily basis in today's techno-culture. Parenting is a complex and diverse task that entails a number of different behaviors that interact to influence children's prospects both individually and collectively (Darling, 1999). The current study aimed to examine parenting style and adolescent social media addiction. According to the findings, Kashmiri adolescents are subjected to authoritarian parenting approaches and are moderately addicted to social media. Male and female adolesc ents were found equally addicted to social media but the difference on the basis of locale (urban vs rural) and type of family (joint vs nuclear) was found to be significant.


Extreme programming(XP) and agile methods are used to a great extent.In the field of enterprise architecture,in order to understand organizational architecture better from a different viewpoint,this paper uses XP and agile's idea,and provides a concise enterprise architecture,i.e.a matrix which comprises of orthogonal dimensions,that include business layer,application component layer,technical layer,data,activity and organization.The meanings of matrix elements are given as well.In addition,this article presents implementation processes in details,which enclose some necessary guidelines.


NOTES OF THE WEEK . . 225 CURRENT CANT . . 228 FOREIGN AFFAIRS. By S. Verdad . . 228 MILITARY  NOTES. By Romney . . 229 EDUCATION AND THE GUILDS. . . 230 LETTERS ON WAR-11. By ('A Rifleman" . . 232 A PILGRIMAGE TO TURKEY DURING WARTIME-XVI By Marmaduke  Pickthall . ' 233 T H E VATICAN AND FOURPENCE. By William Repton * 234 T H E CHILD. By Olaf Cuaran . 235 THE GRAND TOUR AND AFTER. By Harold Lister . 236 A THINKING MAN. By Lionel  de Fonseka . . 238


Purpose To describe midwives' perceptions of the continued existence of postpartum care services in midwifery homes, and to discuss the importance of midwifery homes in the community. We conducted a qualitative study of 8 midwives who provided postpartum care services in midwifery homes in A prefecture. A semi-structured interview was administered where they described their perceptions of practicing at midwifery home. Data were descriptively analyzed. to mothers according to their background><Utilizing interdisciplinary approach in the community> and <Performing professional roles>. Midwives recognized that postpartum care services were essential practices in their profession that was different from ongoing project of postpartum care services. Moreover, the midwives continuously supported healthy lives for mother-child dyads and their families based on capturing mothers who are a series from pregnancy. Furthermore, the midwives considered the midwifery homes as places where they could perform professional roles in the community.


With the advance in the banking space, many individual's area unit putting up for loans however the banks have its own restricted resources that it must permit to restricted people simply, therefore discovering to whom the advance is conceded which will be a more secure choice for the bank is a normal interaction. Therefore in this study, an attempt to reduce this risk issue behind selecting the protected individual to avoid wasting different bank endeavors and resources. This can be finished by extracting the info of the records of people to whom the credit was conceded antecedently and supported. These records/encounters the machine was ready to utilize the AI model which provides the foremost precise outcome. The main goal of this study to anticipate whether or not delegating the loan to a selected individual are protected or not. During this study foresee the loan knowledge by utilizing machine learning algorithms that area unit logistical regression. Loan prediction is an extremely basic life issue that every genuine bank faces a minimum of once in its period. If done effectively, it will save loads of manhours at the top of a retail bank.


Background: Diaphragmatic hernia is a complication of trauma that may lead to significant morbidity and mortality if unrecognized. The clinical sequelae following missed traumatic diaphragmatic hernia (TDH) diagnoses have not been well-defined. Methods: The 2005–2015 ACS-NSQIP databases were accessed to identify patients ≥18 years old who underwent operative repair of acute and chronic TDH. Patient demographics, health characteristics, pertinent complications, and 30-day outcomes were collected. Categorical variables were analyzed using chi-square and Fisher's Exact Test. Logistic regression was used to perform multivariate analyses with odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) constructed about group differences. Results: From 2005–2015, 1000 patients underwent operative repair for TDH, of which 285 (28.5%) were acute and 715 (71.5%) were chronic. Patients undergoing acute repairs had a greater percentage of emergency procedures (29.8% vs. 10.2%, p   2 (51.2% vs 43.2%, p = 0.02). Acute TDH patients were more likely to develop postoperative wound infection (1.40% vs 0.28%, p = 0.05), infectious process (11.2% versus 7.0%, p = 0.03), failure to wean from mechanical ventilation (8.1% vs 3.4%, p = 0.0015), and remain hospitalized at 30 days (4.3% vs 0.9%, p = 0.0058). Conclusions: Patients with acute TDH repair are more likely to develop postoperative complications. Further study is necessary to determine the optimal timing of surgery for TDH discovered following initial resuscitation and evaluation.


Syntheses and Crystal Structures of the Rhenium(VII) Nitride Chlorides ReNCl4 and ReNCl4·H2O

Rhenium(VII) nitride chloride, ReNCl4 (1) is obtained in form of brown needles with metallic luster by the reaction of ReCl5 with Cl3VNCl at 140 °C under vacuum in a sealed glass ampoule. It crystallizes in the tetragonal space group I4 with the lattice parameters a = 826.7(4), c = 405.1(2) pm, and Z = 2. The square pyramidal molecules are connected by asymmetric nitrido bridges to form chains along the crystallographic c axis. The shorter Re-N distance of 163.0(5) pm corresponds to a triple bond, while the pronounced longer distance of 242.0(5) pm can be interpreted with a weak donor bond.

The reaction of ReCl5 with VN at 170 °C under vacuum in a sealed glass ampoule yields red needles of ReNCl4·H2O (2). It crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pnma with a = 1075.4(2), b = 1108.5(2), c = 547.7(5) pm and Z = 4. The Re atoms exhibit a distorted octahedral coordination with the aqua ligand in trans position to the nitrido ligand. The Re-N triple bond has a bond distance of 166.1(11) pm. The complexes are connected by hydrogen bridges O-H···N to form chains.


Lindokuhle Ndinisa is a powerful advocate of personal empowerment. He was born and bred in ILinge Township, a small village in Queens-town; Eastern Cape Province. He studied law at Fort Hare University also holds a diploma in Social Media Marketing at Shaw Academy (Ireland) online course.Former Public Relations Officer, Secretary and Chairperson of Sunrise Organization in the East London campus at Fort Hare University (None Profit Organization). He is a public speaker, comedian and a motivational speaker. He likes to make people laugh, reading novels and writing short stories. He is a full member of Booksie Publishers. Currently, he is now looking to build on extensive range of technical skills within a suitably challenging role. He is keen to achieve further professional development.The Coalesce of Narratives is a collection of short stories, motivational writings and life teachings that inspires and educate the youth.In the short stories, the author expresses his opinion on the daily things that appear to be a threat in our societies as well as good deeds that our people are involved in and most importantly, the life lessons our people can benefit from.


In Benedetta Rossi's Reconfiguring Slavery: West African Trajectories, "trajectories" reconfiguring slavery refers to the ways in which traditional forms of slavery have left their imprint on the present and does not include completely new forms of subjugation, exploitation, or enslavement, such as child labor, prostitution, elite capture, or international domination by states or corporations. This stimulating collection for West African scholars provides an abundance of examples of the transformations in traditional forms of slavery covering the range of possibilities, from formerly subjugated groups that now have the upper hand over their former masters to situations where traditional forms of symbolic and financial domination still prevail. Rossi defines the book's focus as categorical slavery in contradistinction to metaphorical slavery, the latter being the extension of the general idea of a hierarchical and exploitative relation to other situations lacking any historical roots in traditional categories of master and slave. Nevertheless, one chapter (by Alice Bellagamba) provides an interesting look at modern metaphors of slavery (e.g., a discourse on civil servants as slaves in the Gambia) and another (by Tom McCaskie) deals with African American claims to pan-African cultural ties to the Egyptian concept of Maat. Reconfiguring Slavery has an introduction and chapter by Rossi, as well as chapters by eight other authors: Martin A. Klein, McCaskie, Bellagamba, Jean Schmitz, Christine Hardung, Olivier Leservoisier, Eric Hahonou, and Philip Burnham. It examines historical trajectories in West Africa in general (Klein), Ghana (McCaskie), Gambia (Bellagamba), the Senegal River Valley and Dakar (Schmitz), Benin (Hardung), Mauritania Halpulaaren society (Leservoisier), Niger and Benin (Hohonou), Niger (Rossi), and Cameroon and Trinidad (Burnham). Rossi notes that slavery is both many things to many people and problematic to define, yet she opts, nevertheless, for a definition based on the lowest common denominator: "Slavery refers to the individual or communal ownership of an-


Summary The production and characterization of 21 mouse monoclonal antibodies (TüS1 ‐ TÜS21) with specificity predominantly for human spermatozoa antigens is described. Reactivity of cells from human ejaculates, peripheral blood and several organs was determined using the alkaline phosphatase ‐anti‐alkaline phosphatase (APAAP)‐technique as well as the indirect immunofluorescence test. 15 of the monoclonal antibodies reacted with various regions of human sperm and often also with their precursor cells in the testis. Cross‐reactivity with animal spermatozoa was frequently observed.


This modeling project offers an alternative to the conventional rational-choice perspective of economists on the behavior of individual investors in markets trading in commodities or securities. Taking a perceptual control theory (PCT) perspective on such behavior, we ask, "What perceptions are investors attempting to control?" We construct simulated actors, who are modeled as having control systems for buying or selling a traded commodity, and report the behavioral patterns of several simulated actors with differing profiles of parameters when confronted with simulated bear or bull markets, where random downward or upward fluctuations in the price of the commodity are taken as disturbances to the perceptions that the actors are modeled as seeking to control. The paper concludes with a description of the differences between a PCT approach and more conventional models of market behavior and an assessment of the advantages and difficulties of taking a PCT approach.


Opening Session (3 papers). Emergency Services and Mental Health Care. Aims and structures (4 papers). User-patterns and effects (9 papers). National and local models (6 papers). Psychiatric Emergencies. Suicidal behaviour (4 papers). Post traumatic stress disorders (5 papers). Organic psychiatry (3 papers). Drug and alcohol addiction (4 papers). Psychiatric emergencies and the family (2 papers). General Aspects of Emergency Psychiatry. Education in emergency psychiatry (1 paper). Theories and concepts on psychiatric emergencies (7 papers). Quality assessment in emergency psychiatry (3 papers). Index of authors.


Water-column primary production was determined by the I4C in situ method during the spring bloom in the North Atlantic Ocean. For the same samples, the parameters of the photosynthesislight (P-I) curve were determined in broad-band light, and in narrow spectral bands for construction of the action spectrum. Using these parameters, with information on the vertical distribution of chlorophyll, measurements of light absorption by particulate materials, and data on surface irradiance, watercolumn production was calculated using 4 different production models. When compared to in situ primary production measurements, the results show that the spectral model, Model 1, is the best estimator of water-column primary production. Model 2 which used broad-band crB (the initial slope of P-I curve, normalized to biomass B) with light integrated over wavelength, and Model 4 (broad-band a* and broad-band light), consistently underestimated production by about 25 % and 60 % respectively. However, Model 3 (in which light is computed using a depth-averaged attenuation coefficient, R and in which a* is assumed to be wavelength-independent) gave water-column primary production estimates not significantly different from in situ values. It is recommended that the spectral model should be applied, whenever possible, in the computations of water-column primary production. I f , however, broad-band crB has to be used in the calculations, it is suggested that light at depth be computed if possible using K The use of the fully broad-band model, Model 4 , is not recommended. This is because the model gave strongly biased estimates of water-column primary production relative to the observed values.


ZoBell and Morita (1957) demonstrated the existence of barophilic bacteria in various deeps and trenches of the Pacific and Indian Oceans where hydrostatic pressures up to 1,100 atm exist. However, the relationship between hydrostatic pressure and the activity of life in the deep sea is still unknown. Johnson et al. (1954), for convenience of discussion, divided hydrostatic pressure into moderate or high pressures (ca. 1 to 1,000 atm) and very high pressures (ca. 1,000 atm and above). The effect of very high pressures has been known to inactivate certain enzymes (Macheboeuf et al., 1933; Vignais et al., 1951; Matthews et al., 1940; Curl and Jansen, 1950a, 1950b). Using moderate pressures, Borrowman (1950) reported that hydrostatic pressures up to 700 atm at 30 C had no effect on the rate of formic dehydrogenase activity of Escherichia coli. In the latter work a pressure cylinder with optical windows was employed as well as cells of E. coli which were heated to 65 C for 5 min in order to inactivate as many interfering enzymes as possible. Since the cells were subjected to heat the "biological whole" was not represented. Morita and ZoBell (1956) studied the effect of hydrostatic pressure on the succinic dehydrogenase system in cells of E. coli, which had been previously subjected to pressure. These measurements were carried out by the Thunberg technique after the pressure was released to 1 atm. This paper deals with the effect of pressure on the rate of formic, succinic, and malic dehydrogenase by cells of E. coli during the time of compression.


Author(s): Morshedian, Ala | Advisor(s): Fain, Gordon L | Abstract: Lamprey are cyclostomes, which diverged from jawed vertebrates (fishes, amphibians, mammals) in the Cambrian perhaps 500 Mya. Using single-cell measurements with suction recording from the photoreceptors of adulti?½Petromyzon marinusi?½we first show that this primitive vertebrate has a duplex retina: rods respond to single photons, have a longer integration time, and are 80 times more sensitive than cones, much as in other vertebrates. We then demonstrate that responses to maintained steps of light decay as in other vertebrates and flash responses superimposed on steady backgrounds show decreases in sensitivity and changes in waveform in both rods and cones, also typical of other vertebrates. Backgrounds produce a decrease in maximum flash-response amplitude and an increase in the flash intensity necessary to produce a detectable response, with characteristic shifts of response-intensity curves along the intensity axis. Increasing background light had little effect on response onset but monotonically increased the rate of response decay. Sensitivity as a function of background intensity decreased by Weber's Law in both rods and cones; rods show incremental saturation, and cones begin to adapt near the intensity at which rod saturation occurs. Bright bleaching light produces an equivalent background, with opsin in rods 7.5 x 10-6i?½times as effective in stimulating the cascade as Rh* (2 x 10-5i?½in mouse rods). The decreases in sensitivity and acceleration of response decay in stably bleached photoreceptors can be nearly completely reversed with exogenous 11-cisi?½retinal. We then used mice to demonstrate that in wild-type animals background lights decrease the sensitivity of the rod and accelerate the kinetics of the response, and these processes occur rapidly within 250ms after presentation of the background. We also recorded the dark current from recoverin-knockout photoreceptors and did not detect any changes in flash sensitivity. However, responses to steps of light were significantly desensitized and the rate of reduction in sensitivity is much faster when recoverin is eliminated compared to wild-type rods. The waveform of the response however, appears to be independent of the background intensity in recoverin-knock out animals.


The effect of top removal of spring shoots in their different growth stages(from late April to late July)on growth and flower bud formation of new shoots were studied with 3-year-old peach variety of'Chun Mei'on the peach rootstock as experimental materials.The results showed that top removal could inhibited their diameter increase and reduce the secondary shoot number at the early stage of growth in late April(at the length of spring shoots about15cm).Top removal at each growth stage had no significant effect on the diameter and length increase of the secondary shoots.All top removal treatments had no significant effect on the flower bud formation of spring shoots,and the treatments except at late April(top removal at the length of spring shoots about 15cm)could significantly promote the flower bud formation of the secondary shoots.Top removal at the early growth stage of spring shoots(before late May)could significantly reduce no bud shoots rate of the secondary shoots.Top removal or not had high no bud shoots rate of the third shoots.


Stock market volatility research has long been the focus of industry and academia, and stock trend forecasting is challenging. Existing research focuses more on how to aggregate historical price features into graph networks, ignoring the effects of other information such as news and current events on forecasts. Most existing graph-based learning methods create stock graphs by manually constructing stock relationships, ignoring the complexity of stock relationships. Based on these, we propose a novel multilevel graph attention network (ML-GAT) for predicting the stock market trends. To be more specific, we initialize the node representations captured by each feature extraction module, then update the stock nodes in the isomorphic graph converted from Wikidata using ML-GAT, selectively aggregate the information of various relation types, aggregate the information to the node representation, and finally feed the result to a particular forecast layer for forecasting, completing the trend forecast of 423 stocks in the S&P 500 index and 286 stocks in the CSI 300 index. By comparing 5 popular approaches, the experimental research verifies ML-GAT'S state-of-the-art performance in prediction tasks. In comparison with the best performance benchmark model, the F1-score and accuracy increased by 11.82% and 12.6%, respectively, and the average daily return and Sharpe rate rose by 5.06 percent and 94.81 percent, respectively. More significantly, our model's stock linkages are interpretable and consistent with real-world interactions.


A broadband metasurface-based low profile antenna is proposed for circularly polarized (CP) radiation. The proposed broadband antenna consists of a rectangular patch radiator, a metasurface with an array of rectangular rings, and a coaxial probe. The broadband CP antenna with antenna volume of 80 mm × 60 mm × 4.8 mm exhibits desired performance from 3.65 GHz to 4.55 GHz (22%) for axial ratio (AR) < 3.0 dB, gain greater than 6 dBic, and VSWR ≤ 2.


Background: ENHANCE trial results were published in April 2008, which showed a lack of efficacy of ezetimibe in reducing atherosclerosis. Time series studies found that after the publication of the results of ENHANCE the use of ezetimibe in Canada did not decrease but that in the United States of America the utilization
of ezetimibe decreased.

Objective: The aim of this study was to measure changes in the quantitative utilization of ezetimibe after the publication of the ENHANCE trial in an area of Spain.

Method: Monthly ezetimibe defined daily doses per thousand inhabitants per day (DDD/TID) were calculated between early 2007􀀚 and April 2009􀀜 in a health area of Spain. Data were analysed graphically and via
segmented regression analysis, in order to estimate the impact of the publication of ENHANCE trial results.

Results: The graphical representation showed a long term rising trend in the utilization of ezetimibe measured as monthly number of DDD/TID, being such growth at the same pace throughout the whole study period. The relative growth in ezetimibe utilization throughout the whole study period was 60.18􀀈%, being the
average monthly growth rate of 1.􀀚75% 􀀈 per month. Segmented regression analysis showed neither
a statistically significant change in the immediate use of ezetimibe after the publication of the ENHANCE clinical trial, nor a statistically significant change in the slope of ezetimibe use after the same clinical trial (long-term impact).

Conclusion: The publication of ENHANCE trial did not seem to influence ezetimibe utilization in Spain since its utilization continued to grow at the same rate than previously


It 'has been frequently observed by those who have worked with l:he precipitin reaction that the sera of protein-immunized animals may contain, at certain times, both precipitin, and, side by side with it, unassimilated remnants of the antigen. Such sera, w'hen taken, are clear, but will show precipitation not only when mixed with dihttions of the antigen, but also when added to other homologous precipitating sera. This phenomenon has been noticed by Linossier and Lemo~ne ( I ) , Eisenberg (2), Ascoli (3), and others, and has been extensively studied by yon Dungern (4). Gay and Rusk (5) have recently observed it in connection with the rapid method of precipitin production of Fornet and Mfiller (6), and have noted that such sera, although containing both antigen and precipitin, do not possess complement-fixing properties. According to Uhlenhuth and Weidanz (7), the antigen may persist in the sera of proteinimmunized animals, in demonstrable amounts, as long as fifteen days after the last injection, and it is constantly present during this period, but in progressively diminishing amounts. We are thus confronted by the apparently paradoxical phenomenon of the presence in these sera, side by side, of an antigen and its homologous precipitin, incapable of rea.cting with each other, although each of them readily reacts with precipi.tin or antigen respectively, when these are added from another source. Many attempts have been made to a,ccount for this. A number of observers, notably Eisenberg, have concluded, from extensive analyses of quantitative relationships, both of agglutinin and precipitin reactions, that these take place according to the laws of mass action. In consequence, in addition to the combined precipitin-anti-


This study aims to determine the partial and simultaneous effect of work discipline and work environment on the performance of Dinas Pendidikan Kabupaten Karo. This research is a quantitative research, where the research instrument is a questionnaire. The population and sample in this study were all employees of the Dinas Pendidikan Kabupaten Karo as many as 42 people. Instrument testing in this study was conducted using validity and reliability tests. The data analysis technique in this study uses multiple linear regression analysis techniques. The results showed that the work environment has a positive and significant effect on employee performance, where the t value (2.452) is greater than the t table value (2.015), and the significance value is 0.019 less than 0.05. Work discipline has a positive and significant effect on employee performance, where the t value (6.670) is greater than the t table value (2.015), and the significance value is 0.000 less than 0.05. Work environment and work discipline together have a positive and significant effect on employee performance, where the calculated F value (33.789) is greater than the F table value (2.83), and the significance value is 0.000 less than 0.05. The amount of influence of the independent variables (work environment and work discipline) on the dependent variable (employee performance) is 63.4%, while the remaining 36.6% is influenced by other factors not examined in this study.


Abstract. In order to protect electronic systems against the effects of transient electromagnetic interferences, shields made of electrically conductive material can be used. The subject of this paper is an electrically conductive textile. When applying the shield, a reliable measure is needed in order to determine the effectiveness of the shield to protect against electromagnetic pulses. For this purpose, a time domain measurement technique is presented using double exponential pulses. With these pulses, the susceptibility of an operating electronic device with and without the shield is determined. As a criterion of quality of a shield, the breakdown failure rate found in both cases is compared.


This book explores the imprint that the peace process involving the guerilla organisation FARC-EP left on Colombian TV fiction. To that end, it scrutinises the phenomenon of Colombian reconciliation telenovelas, which are intrinsically linked to the national Transitional Justice process. Based on a thorough analysis of the telenovelas and expert interviews, it examines their reconciliatory potential and assesses the benefits and dangers of incorporating mass mediated formats of popular culture into peace processes. The telenovelas, which could be mistaken for shallow entertainment, turn out to be an integral component of the Colombian Transitional Justice strategy.


Field body temperatures of the Maximilian's snake-necked turtle, Hydromedusa maximiliani , a small freshwater turtle species endemic to Atlantic rainforest mountainous regions in Brazil, were studied. Turtle body temperatures and water temperatures were significantly related, but turtle body temperature averaged 1°C higher than stream water temperature, this difference being statistically significant. A multivariate model revealed that only water temperature was significantly related to turtle body temperature while body size had no effect. There was no effect of sex and life stage on turtle body temperature, implying that water temperature was the main factor determining body temperatures. Thermoconformity was verified for all sampled individuals. The broad implications of these results are also discussed.


This paper deals with the study of road. A Road is a lane, course, or route ashore between two places that has been cleared or generally enhanced to permit go by foot or some shape of conveyance, including an engine vehicle, truck, bike, or steed.
Roads comprise of maybe a couple roadways (British English: carriageways), each with at least one paths and any related walkways (British English: asphalt) and road borderlines.
Roads that are accessible for use by general society might be alluded to as turnpikes, roads, expressways, interstates, roadways, or essential, optional, and tertiary neighbourhood roads.


In order to estimate m-parameter of Nakagami-m multipath fading, different estimation models have been proposed and simulated, and their performances have already been compared. In this paper, we propose new method for estimation of m-parameter, which is not based on estimation from signal envelope samples, but on quotient of successive samples. For that purpose, analytical model which describes statistics of successive samples quotients has been developed. Two models have been treated, these are moment based method (MM) and maximum likelihood method (MLM). Numerical simulations will demonstrate performances of proposed methods and will compare them with some known methods in cases of presence and absence of shadow fading with arbitrary distribution.


The article discusses the principles of using digital tools as a means of improving the efficiency of the processes of the agro-industrial complex. In addition to direct use, the stages that allow the digitalization of a process or operation of the agro-industrial complex are considered and algorithmized. The relevance of this topic is confirmed by the strategic focus of all processes of the agro-industrial complex on improving the energy efficiency of both final products and technological processes. It is proved that it is possible to solve effectively the problem by using notational methodologies that allow decomposing digitized objects. Decomposition is carried out by projecting a cybernetic approach: entry, exit, restrictions. Since the fulfillment of the requirements for the energy efficiency of products and developments imposes, in addition to economic restrictions, also environmental ones, the process of manure utilization was taken as an example of a digitalized object. With regard to this object, a positive experience of using the described principles has been obtained. It has been established that the efficiency of the implementation of this process using digital tools increases by at least 18 ... 27%. Further increase in efficiency requires an increase in arrays, available data, and refinement of the used approximating connection functions. The results obtained in this article can be used in the digitalization and intellectualization of most processes in the agro-industrial complex.


Over the past several days, you have been engaged in sharing a good deal of practical information on developments in the financial services industry and on the evolving set of laws and regulations that influence the availability of credit in the communities that you serve. No doubt, many of you are here this morning because of your long-standing interest in the Federal Reserve's implementation of the Community Reinvestment Act (CRA). However, because we are now in the final stages of drafting regulations on the Sunshine Provisions of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act, I am prohibited from commenting at this time. Instead, I would like to discuss with you, in broader terms, some of the challenges facing businesses, workers, and consumers including those in your communities as the U.S. economy embarks on a new century.


This thesis explores the problem of visual place recognition and localization for a mobile robot, particularly dealing with the challenges of simultaneous variations in scene appearance and camera viewpoint. The proposed methods draw inspiration from humans and make use of semantic cues to represent places. This approach enables effective place recognition from similar or opposing viewpoints, despite variations in scene appearance caused by different times of day or seasons. The research contributions presented in the thesis advance visual place recognition techniques, making them more useful for deployment in a wide range of robotic and autonomous vehicle scenarios.


Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer‐related death worldwide. Increased lipogenesis has been reported to play a critical role in HCC progression. However, the underlying mechanism contributing to lipogenesis increase in HCC remains elusive. Here, we show that HCC‐associated protein TD26 (TD26) was highly expressed in HCC tumor tissues compared to matched normal tissues. From the clinicopathologic analyses of two independent HCC cohorts, we demonstrate that TD26 expression was positively correlated with tumor size and was an independent predictor of overall survival (OS) and recurrence‐free survival (RFS) in HCC patients. Our metabolomics assays demonstrate that TD26 had no effect on glycometabolism, but significantly increased lipogenesis in HCC cells. In addition, our functional assays indicate that TD26 promoted HCC cell proliferation and tumor growth. We further demonstrate that TD26‐mediated increase in lipogenesis and tumor cell proliferation was SREBP1 dependent. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that, through its C‐terminus (amino acids [aa] from 121 to 198), TD26 interacted with the truncated nuclear sterol regulatory element‐binding protein 1 (SREBP1) form (nSREBP1), but not full‐length SREBP1 (flSREBP1), to block adenosine 5′‐monophosphate (AMP)‐activated protein kinase (AMPK)‐mediated inhibition on SREBP1 activity, resulting in increased lipogenesis, elevated tumor cell proliferation, and enhanced tumor progression. Conclusion: We propose that TD26 is a positive regulator on SREBP1 transactivity, and the interaction between TD26 and SREBP1 can serve as a potential therapeutic target for HCC treatment.


Three-mode multiplexers were made by post-processing existing SMF-28 fibres. The input was three identical SMFs which were fused together and adiabatically tapered to form a multimode output core. The light was converted to the LP01 and two LP11 with low loss (0.6-0.7 dB). The mode multiplexers were broadband.


Chapter 1 Foreword Chapter 2 Preface Chapter 3 Acknowledgements Chapter 4 Chapters at a Glance Chapter 5 Theoretical Foundations: Overview of the Field of Diversity Management Historical and Theoretical Roots of Diversity Management Approaches to Work Force Mixtures Theories of Difference: Changing Paradigms for Organizations Social Psychological P Chapter 6 Skill-Based Learning: Diagnosing Diversity in Organizations Assessing, Measuring, and Analyzing the Impact of Diversity Initiatives Facilitating Diversity Issues Momentum and Internal Organizational Relationship Building: On the Road from Exclusi Chapter 7 Professional Issues: Diversity Consultation Skills Building Inclusion and Leveraging Diversity as a Way of Doing Business Diversity Management in Specialized Settings: Non-Profit, Faith-Based, and School Organization, Community and Government Agen Chapter 8 Subject Index Chapter 9 Name Index Chapter 10 About the Editor Chapter 11 About the Contributors


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a combinational hand tool capable of being easily manufactured at a low cost and safely, conveniently and quickly attaching and detaching the blade of a knife kind. SOLUTION: A first member 12 and a second member 14 pivotally movably attached and respectively provided with grip parts are provided and the first and second members 12 and 14 are turned so as to bring the grip parts closer to each other. Further, blade holding means 32 and 38 pivotally movably attached to the first member 12 are provided, and a knife blade 36 held in an inside of the blade holding means 32 and 38 can be quickly exchanged. Further, a cutting means is provided and the cutting means has a cutting tool 50 detachably attached to the first member 12 and provided with a cutting edge 52 and a cutting surface 14a opposing the cutting edge 52 provided on the second member 14. The cutting edge 52 and the cutting surface 14a can be moved closer or away to/from each other by relative turning between the first and second members 12 and 14.


Developed by Steel Cast Connections, Lehigh University, and IFC Kaiser Engineers, the Kaiser bolted bracket (KBB) is a proprietary steel beam-to-column moment-resisting connection. The connection consists of cast high-strength steel haunch brackets that are fastened to the flanges of a beam and then bolted to a column. The brackets can be either fillet welded or bolted to a beam. At high levels of inelastic drift, connection yielding and plastic hinge formation occur primarily in the beam near the tip of the bracket, thereby directing deformation away from the column face and outside the connected region. The connection is designed to eliminate field welding, facilitate erection, and reduce installation costs. The brackets are manufactured in a variety of sizes and are proportioned to develop the probable maximum moment capacity of the connecting beam. The connection has been tested for a number of beam and column sizes with specimens exceeding the interstory drift angle requirements without significant strength degradation. This paper summarizes the results of the inelastic cyclic tests and their relation with the requirements of AISC 341, Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel Buildings [AISC, 2005] hereafter referred to as the AISC Seismic Provisions. The paper also includes historical background on the development of the connection.


liquid bath. The vortex phenomenonin regard to draining fiow from cylindrical modelvessels has beenstudied by several authors using single liquid i.e in the absence of "slag" phase.1 ~3) Hammerschmid et al.2) concluded that presence of residual rotational motion in the vessel in conjunction with increase of angular velocity at the orifice during drainage finally causes formation of an air-core vortex which extends from the liquid surface and penetrates through the nozzle, All reported parametric effects on vortexing viz. waiting time before nozzle opening,2) eccentric placement of nozzles,2,4,5) gas injection from vessel bottom,2,5) flow obstacles near nozzle2) etc. can be related to the above mentioned rotational motion. The works of Sucker et al.4,5) showapplicability of mostof the single liquid vortex features to the two liquid case as well. Neither of these two works, however, relate to the extent of lighter phase entrainment and were restricted to detection of the vortex appearance only. Thus effectively they have disregarded the role of postformation intensification of the vortex. Also effect of another interacting vortex which forms later, though noted, wasnot considered in terms of entrainment. The present model work carried out using two immiscible liquids, monitored extent of lighter phase entrainment in order to identify relative role of diverse vortex features that mayinfluence slag entrainment in situations akin to BOFtapping. It maybe worthwhile to note that true simulation of BOFtapping is not possible due to difficulty in simulating residual rotational motion which results from decay of bath turbulence after blowing of the converter is over as also mild motion generated during vessel tilting for tapping. Nevertheless, the entrainment study such as this requires consideration of vessel shape due to its likely effect on the generation of rotational motion. This is particularly important for BOFcondition where the liquid massassumescomplex asymmetric shape at tapping position.


The hitherto unknown compounds SrCa2Yb10O18 (1) and SrCa2Lu10O18 (2) were prepared and examined by X-ray single crystal structure (Space group C6⁻6 P63, a = 1745.2; c = 333.0 pm (1), a = 1740.4; c = 330.7 pm (2)). 1 and 2 are isostructural with SrCaSc6O12, but there is a statistical distribution of Yb3+ and Ca2+ or Lu3+ and Ca2+, respectively. It explains the same structure but the differences between the formulas of 1, 2 and SrCa2Sc6O12.


This essay aims not only to detail the early history of African refugees in Britain but also to look at the political culture, ideas, writings, activities and organisations which African refugees and exiles from Africa and the diaspora developed while they were in Britain, and how this culture influenced wider political culture. It argues that further study of the histories of African migrants in Britain is required not just in order to provide an historical context to more recent concerns with transnational activities and diasporas but because to ignore the existence, struggles and political culture of those of African origin impoverishes and distorts our understanding of British political culture and Britain's historical past.


We present a passively mode-locked TEM00 Nd:YVO4 oscillator generating 12 ps pulses with an output power of 1.7 W. The laser uses an intra-cavity ``White- cell''-type multipass configuration, enabling a very compact set-up with a repetition rate as low as 16 MHz.


This means that I'm a consultant interpreter, and I'm probably not getting the respect that is my due. Well perhaps I am pro-rata because I probably only qualify as a mere dabbler. I know there are people who have a real office with secretaries and a coffee machine. I have a room in the house that has an office sign on the door that one of my children picked up at a jumble sale (the sign, not the house you must concentrate). Act global think local!


Let us assume that, for step 1, the problem is identiRed as the recovery of one or more organic compounds from a mixture, or the puriRcation of a speciRc chemical. In order to apply the second step, the differences in physical properties are taken into account. Sometimes the physical properties of the components are very different, so that, if two phases already exist in the mixture, mechanical separations such as Rltration or decanting may then be used. But more often the components of the mixture form a single phase and other differences in physical properties need to be found. When a homogeneous mixture is formed with components of different vapour pressure or different boiling points, then distillation may be one of the several alternatives proposed in step 2. As will be seen later, the relative volatility ( ) of a mixture is:


the integration of human language in Oddworld: Abe's Oddysee (Oddworld Inhabitants) and Oddworld: Abe's Exoddus (Oddworld Inhabitants), two video games respectively released in 1997 and 1998 on PlayStation. We show how they develop specific gameplay mechanics, in relation to their anti-capitalist discourse, by questioning the border between noise (of animals or objects) and language, integrated in the games through the "gamespeak" mechanic. We use Collins' (2007) opposition between dynamic and non-dynamic sounds


Nikos Mitsakis is unique in 20th century Greek architecture. Despite an early death at the age of 42 in 1941, he proved himself capable of revitalizing Greek architecture with exceptional effectiveness. When he entered the architectural service of the Education Ministry where his mission was the conception of new school buildings, Modernism had not yet reached Greece. The creation of schools gave this Athenian architect an exceptional opportunity to reconsider, in a modern spirit, the classical and Byzantine intellectual tradition of Greek architecture.


The geoeffectiveness of solar wind shocks depends on angle with respect to the Sun‐Earth line, with highly angled solar wind shocks being less geoeffective than nearly frontal solar wind shocks. However, it is unclear whether this holds for the orientation of structures in nonshocked solar wind. In this paper, we perform a mutual information analysis of 18 years of in situ solar wind and ground magnetometer data in order to investigate the effects of solar wind phase front orientation on solar wind geoeffectiveness (indicated by SuperMAG SME, the SuperMAG enhanced version of the AE index). Since geomagnetic response is strongly influenced by interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) Bz, and IMF Bz affects phase front orientation, we use conditional mutual information to account for the effect of Bz on geomagnetic activity. In contrast to what has been found for solar wind shocks, we find that during times of IMF Bz > 0, phase fronts aligned with the average Parker spiral direction (45° azimuth, 0° inclination) tend to be associated with higher geomagnetic activity (SME > 500 nT) than would be expected if IMF Bz and phase front orientation quantities were unrelated. During times of IMF Bz < 0, there is no connection between solar wind phase front orientation and geomagnetic activity (SME). We believe that Parker spiral‐aligned phase fronts being associated with higher geomagnetic activity during times of IMF Bz > 0 is due to constant phase front orientation allowing for more efficient energy transfer either through viscous interaction or high‐latitude reconnection.


Much scholarship on eighteenth-century British rhetorical history has focused on selected theoretical texts, with emphasis on the influence of particular theorists in the development of composition in the United States during the nineteenth century. While there is unquestionably value both in studying influential rhetorical theories and examining the educational consequences of those theories, the study of other questions pertaining to rhetoric's conception and use in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries has been relatively limited. Recent scholarship reflects attempts to expand the study of rhetorical history, including several studies of English Romantic rhetoric, an area relatively untouched by scholars of previous generations. James Mulvihill's Upstart Talents: Rhetoric and the Career of Reason in English Romantic Discourse, 1790– 1820, makes an important contribution to the effort to understand the complex relationships between rhetorical theories and practices during the Romantic period. Mulvihill claims that English Romanticism represents a period in which attitudes about public discourse were simultaneously optimistic and skeptical. He offers this contention as a counter not only to Habermas's idealized representation of "the wholly integrated public sphere" (p. 17), but also to revisionist interpretations that challenge Habermas's failure to acknowledge the competing interests within the public sphere, but nevertheless maintain what Mulvihill describes as "something of an ideal aura" (p. 17). In Mulvihill's view, studies of Romantic rhetoric must acknowledge not only the ideological divisions that characterize public discourse during the period, but also take into account the way in which common assumptions about the power of language similarly compromise the integrity of speakers on both sides of the political divide. In making a case for a period characterized by "public opinion both honorific and critical" (p. 18), Mulvihill demonstrates the way in which the assumptions surrounding English Romantic rhetoric create an environment in which faith in the value of rational discourse exists alongside complex techniques for subverting and questioning the role of reason in the pursuit of truth. In defending his interpretation of Romantic rhetoric, Mulvihill begins with the premise that theories about rhetoric have practical consequences – and that practical uses of rhetoric in turn inform theory. His second chapter establishes the study's theoretical framework, as he posits the view that widespread appropriations of empirical philosophies in eighteenth-century rhetorical theories emphasize the use of reason in fusing rhetorical and scientific theories, but ironically undermine reason's


The properties of products made from recycled plastics are in part determined by the level and types of impurities found in the primary plastic. The removal of other plastics is essential if the properties are to approach those of virgin resin. Purification of plastic resins is achieved by exploiting differences in material properties of the different plastic types. Differences in density and surface properties have been shown to allow for the separation of a number of plastic materials. In many cases, streams of recycled plastic are composed of flakes of a wide variety of colors. The flakes can also range from clear to opaque. Separation of plastics into groups of similar colors can greatly increase their value because they can be colored to meet reasonable specifications much more easily. Sometimes, the different colors might correspond to different types of plastics, so their separation is desirable. For these reasons, the sorting of plastics based on color may prove to be a valuable separation technique for recycled plastic flakes. In this study undertaken jointly by the American Plastics Council and MBA Polymers, color sorting was applied to the separation of white, gray and black plastics from end-of-life electronic equipment. The composition dependence of sorting was investigated experimentally and compared with a theoretical model. Results indicate that increased levels of impurities decrease the throughput rate and result in increased impurity levels in both product and reject streams. The removal of black from a mixture of black and gray flakes was also demonstrated as a way to control product color.


published in full until 1916). Through 1917–19 they said the bending of light rays by the Sun was controversial and emphasized that no gravitational red shift had been detected in the Sun's light. These were seen to outweigh the success of the third test (advance of the perihelion of the planet Mercury). The Nobel committee needed by 1921 to find a way out over Einstein, because of his high public profile as well as international scientific prestige. But a second reason for their change in view was a wish to play conciliator over the post-1918 'cold war in science'. The Swedish chemist Svante Arrhenius, Oseen and others in neutral Sweden valued scientific internationalism and wanted to bring together scientists from the former warring countries. Elzinga says the prize committees sought to use the awards as a political instrument, as the Peace Prize is used today. They made awards to several German scientists – Planck, Stark, Haber (despite involvement in gas warfare) and von Laue – and arranged a special celebration for the wartime nobellists in June 1920. Only Charles Barkla attended from the English-speaking world, and praised the 'truly international ' award. Despite controversy (over Haber), its long-term prestige did apparently benefit. The 1921–2 awards to Einstein and Bohr were needed to restore credibility. Einstein's 1923 acceptance lecture was on relativity, then seen to be his major work. He spoke on that topic at the instigation of Arrhenius, who had thus reversed his opposition in committee. Elzinga fails to say directly that Abraham Pais was mistaken, despite their quite different assessments of the Nobel committee's decision-making. How Pais's short chapter based on the same Nobel archive could get so much so wrong is not something Elzinga probes. Yet the issue is important, because Pais's biography – reissued in 2005 with plaudits from prominent physicists – carries authority and prestige for its exposition of Einstein's science. His mishandling of the Nobel episode arises from a more general partisanship on Pais's part on behalf of quantum physics in its heyday in the 1970s and early 1980s. It was Pais's biography that established the myth that Einstein lost the great Bohr–Einstein debate of the 1930s. Citation statistics show the famous EPR paper of 1935, arguing that quantum mechanics was incomplete, to be a 'revived classic' with few citations until around 1990 and a large upsurge since then. It is the only paper by Einstein in Physical Review that has this classic status (S. Redner, 'Citation statistics from 110 years of Physical Review ', Physics Today (2005), 58, 49–54). Biographies are naturally written within a social and cultural context. Not to bring out further how and why Pais's authoritative biography went wrong is an unfortunate deficiency in Elzinga's otherwise absorbing account. In tandem with the revival of quantum scepticism in physics, his book helps us recover Einstein's story from the tendentious interpretation of it that has gone unchallenged for too long. MAX K. WALLIS Cardiff University TREVOR W. MARSHALL University of Manchester


Abstract Background: Treatment of coup de sabre must remain conservative until the disease is no longer in an active state. When activity has ceased, some operative intervention is safe and effective for the correction of deformity. While hair transplantation showed high survival rates for the correction of cicatricial alopecia, it has rarely reported to be performed for the correction of coup de sabre. Objective: To assess the therapeutic possibility of hair transplantation for the correction of coup de sabre. Methods: Follicular units consisting of two to three hairs from the patient's occipital scalp were transplanted and followed-up for 12 months. Results: After 12 months of follow-up, treatment outcomes showed an 86.7% survival rate and 12–16 cm (mean 14 cm) length of the transplanted hairs. Conclusion: When coup de sabre is no longer in an active state, hair transplantation is a useful method for cosmetic improvement of the alopecia.


Abstract In Experiment 1, 16 Holstein heifers were used in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design that tested the effects of feeding 1) corn silage, 2) corn silage neutralized with 5.5% sodium bicarbonate (DM basis), 3) corn silage neutralized with 3.5% sodium carbonate, and 4) corn silage neutralized with 2.6% sodium hydroxide. Addition of neutralizing agents increased corn silage pH from 3.7 for the control to 5.1,4.9, and 5.0 for the sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, and sodium hydroxide, respectively. Intake of silage DM as a percentage of BW was 2.29% for sodium bicarbonate treatment versus 2.05% for controls. Partial neutralization of silage using sodium bicarbonate resulted in higher intake of DM by heifers compared with neutralization with sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide. Average daily gain was increased by .14 to .17 kg/d above controls regardless of neutralizing agent. In Experiment 2, four Holstein heifers were used to test the effects of partial neutralization of corn silage by sodium bicarbonate or ruminal infusion of an equivalent amount of sodium bicarbonate on corn silage intake and rumen fermentation. Intake was not affected by either feed or ruminal additions, suggesting that factors other than palatability and reducing ruminal acidity are involved in increasing the intake of corn silage treated with sodium bicarbonate.


The fast-growing number of Halal integrity issues has attracted the scholar's debate on improving integrity in practicing the Halal supply chain. To investigate how firms comply with Halal procedures in supply chain may not possibly provide much potential research gaps. The application of technology in improving Halal supply chain management on blockchain technology should be given urgent priority. The aim of this chapter is to explore the possibility to integrate blockchain technology to improve the use of Halal supply chain management. Blockchain technology will help the Halal based oriented firm in the supply chain to trace the source of the raw materials, products, labeling information, and Halal product distribution to strengthen the supply chain networks. Blockchain technology-driven Halal supply chain shall overcome and surpass issues related to Halal integrity and certifications which could also have an impact globally.


The dynamic wetting of water nano-droplet with evaporation on the heated gold substrate was examined using molecular dynamics simulation. Various substrate and droplet pre-heated temperatures were calculated to obtained different evaporating rates. Water molecules attachment-detachment details were traced near the contact line region to show the microscopic details and evidences for the spreading-evaporating droplet. The increasing substrate temperature greatly affected the dynamic wetting process, while the initial temperature of water droplet had very limited effects. The effects of free surface evaporation on wetting kinetics for both hydrophobic and hydrophilic substrates were examined. The radius versus time curves agree well with the Molecular kinetic theory (MKT) for spreading without evaporation and deviate from the MKT for the spreading with evaporation. The enhancement on wetting kinetics due to evaporation can be attributed to the reducing of liquid-vapor surface tension and the strengthening in water molecules transport in contact line region and bulk droplet.Copyright © 2013 by ASME


Results from conjoint analysis do not allow to conclude if a certain variable is not relevant for consumers or if it did not catch their attention. The incorporation of eye-tracking to conjoint analysis seems to be a proper way to overcome this limitation. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the contribution of eye-tracking techniques to the interpretation of results from conjoint analysis using a case study on consumers' healthfulness perception of yogurt labels. Sixteen yogurt labels (designed according to a full factorial design with four 2-level factors – label background, fat content, sugar content and traffic light system –) were presented to 51 consumers, who were asked to rate their healthfulness. Participants' eye movements when evaluating the labels were recorded using an eye tracker.

Fat content was the only variable that significantly affected perceived healthfulness. Eye tracking provided an insight on how consumers visually processed the labels and allowed to conclude that consumers visually processed all the information responsible for differences among labels.

Practical Applications

Labeling plays a key role in attracting consumers' attention and providing information that influence consumer expectations and purchase intention. Before engaging in perceptual analyses consumers have to pay attention to specific aspects of the labels. Therefore, studying attentional capture and determining which information consumers rely on for evaluating different aspects of the products is crucial for label design. The combination of conjoint analysis and eye-tracking techniques can improve the interpretation of results, allowing to conclude if a design variable has a low relative importance because consumers do not consider it relevant or because they did not pay attention to it.


The purpose of this study is to examine whether we can identify a Philips curve fit for the Kingdom of Swaziland as a low middle income Sub-Saharan Africa monarchy using data collected between 1991 and 2016. In our approach we rely on the recently introduced nonlinear autoregressive distributive lag (N-ARDL) model to a variety of Phillips curve specifications. For robustness sake, we further employ three filters (one-sided HP, two-sided HP and Corbae-Oularis filters) to extract the gap variables necessary for empirical analysis. Our findings point to a linear, short-run traditional Philips curve whereas we find strong support for concave shaped unemployment-gap and output –gap based Phillips curve specifications. Given the specific form of concavity discovered in the Phillips curves, the low inflation rate experienced over the last couple of decades can be attributed to a worsening labour and goods markets. Moreover, our evidence also cautions Swazi policymakers of 'overheating' of the economy during economic booms in which stabilization tools are required to implemented in such instances. Given the overall absence of empirical studies establishing the Philips curve for the Swazi economy our study makes a valid contribution to the literature.


Policymakers in many countries have been engaged in often acrimonious debates over how to deal with benignly named KIKOs and TARNs – and other exotic derivatives (see box). There are two fundamental questions at the core of the debate: Did the firms intend to hedge – that is, insulate themselves from currency movements – or speculate? And did banks, acting as derivatives dealers, merely meet the needs of their clients or did they engage in deceptive trading practices?


Email: email@example.com What defines "excellence" in concert hall acoustics? Acousticians have been seeking perceptual and physical answers to this question for over a century. Despite the wealth of insightful research and experience gained in this time, it remains established canon that the best concert halls for classical orchestral performance are the Vienna Musikverein (1870), Royal Concertgebouw in Amsterdam (1888), and Boston Symphony Hall (1900; Beranek, 2004). Built within a few decades of each other, the acoustical triumph of these halls is largely attributable to their fortuitous "shoebox" shape and emulation of other successful halls. Today, we have a significantly more robust understanding of how concert halls convey the sounds of musical instruments, and we collect tremendous amounts of perceptual and physical data to attempt to explain this phenomenon, but in many respects, the definition of excellence remains elusive.


This paper presents an elaborated mathematical analysis of the line loss minimum conditions of loop distribution systems. In order to achieve these conditions, the Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC), a typical Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) device that is capable of instantaneous control of transmission and distribution power flow, is used. For minimizing the total line loss of the loop distribution system, the authors propose two control schemes, the Line Inductance Compensation control and the Line Voltage Compensation control. These control schemes can be applied for controlling the UPFC in the loop distribution system according to the line parameters. The effectiveness of the proposed control schemes has been verified experimentally using a laboratory prototype in a 200V, 6kVA system.


Coccidiosis is the major parasitic disease of poultry and it is caused by protozoa of the phylum Apicomplexa, family Eimeriidae [1]. Drugs and vaccines are the two main control measures for this disease however, due to concerns on prophylactic drugs use and the high vaccines cost, alternative methods are needed [2]. The use of probiotics is now preferred to antibiotics in poultry industry [3]. Also herbal preparations could be an alternative to treat coccidiosis in poultry and Drumstick tree (Moringa oleifera) is indicate for its effectiveness [4]. Aim of this study is to formulate a new poultry diet, integrated with probiotic blend SLAB51 (Sivoy®, Mendes SA, Switzerland) or Moringa oleifera leaf meal, to avoid parasitic overgrowth and the usual administration of anticoccidic drugs. Three groups (M=Moringa; P=probiotics; C=control) of 150 chickens each, with naturally acquired coccidia infection, were studied. All groups were breeded and feeded in the same conditions. Group M received M. oleifera leaf meal added to the food (5%) from day 60 and Group P received SLAB51 probiotics in water (7.5 Billion/50ml), from day 1. At day 120, poultry were slaughtered and gut samples were collected for histopathology. Intestinal morphology (IM) was evaluated: sections from duodenum, ileum and cecum were used to measure the height of villi, the depth of crypts, and the ratio villi/crypts. At the level of cecum, thickness of the lamina propria was measured. Lesions due to coccidia replication were evaluated according to Lesions Score (LS) criteria [5]. The scoring system was standardized for a scale of 0 to 4 [6]. Data on growth performances and mortality were recorded. Lesion Score (LS) and oocysts count (OC=oocysts/microscopic field) in different intestinal tracts were used to evaluate the different groups. In group P, LS, OC, IM, ponderal increase, final weight and mortality reduction were statistically significant, compared to group C. In group M, only LS, OC and mortality reduction resulted statistically significant. M. oleifera leaves had a positive effect against the coccidiosis but had no effect on the IM, ponderal increase and final weight. In general, group P showed better results than group M. SLAB51 probiotics seem to have a protective activity in poultry coccidiosis, and an addictional auxinic activity, preserving IM and integrity. In conclusion, M. oleifera leaf meal and SLAB51 probiotics can be useful to formulating a diet that avoids the use of anticoccidial drugs in broilers.


The principal function of the eye is to receive the light signal from the environment and transmit it to the brain to create vision. This requires that the structures of the eye involved in light transmission, such as the cornea and the lens, must be transparent. Unlike other tissues of the body, nutrients and oxygen supply to these structures must be accomplished without blood interference in transmission of light, i.e., these structures must be avascular. Apart from this, the eye must also maintain optimum pressure within the globe, which is important to give the rigidity necessary for optical alignment of the cornea, lens and the retina. The eye achieves this by the production, accumulation and circulation of a clear fluid called aqueous humor (AH). AH is produced by selective transfer of solutes and water from the blood plasma by a complex ocular epithelium, the ciliary epithelium. The fluid then accumulates in the two special compartments within the eye, and the excess leaves the globe to enter the blood through complex pressure dependent outflow pathways. This complex arrangement of production, accumulation and drainage of aqueous humor contributes to the nutrition and survival of the avascular tissues as well as to good optical properties of the eye. However, this also poses a problem in that any imbalance in the production and drainage of aqueous humor inevitably causes abnormal intraocular pressure (IOP). For example, in case of insufficient drainage, excess accumulation of fluid within the globe will raise the IOP to higher than the physiological level; a clinical condition called glaucoma. Abnormally high pressure causes death or degeneration of the light sensitive and signal transmitting tissues of the eye leading progressively to partial or complete blindness. Understanding the mechanism of AH secretion and its regulation is important to develop rational and target specific drugs for the treatment of glaucoma. In this chapter we will try to present the readers with a comprehensive and up to date description of the relevant ocular anatomy, physiology, biochemistry and pharmacology of AH secretion and its relevance to pathophysiology of ocular hypertension or glaucoma.


Titanium contents of both vein and magmatic quartz from five Bohemian gold deposits with known P–T history were used to calculate/discuss the titanium oxide activities (a TiO 2 ) of natural quartz formed in the absence of Ti-buffering phases at 250–550 °C and 0.1–4 kbar. Data suggest significant variations in a TiO 2 during vein quartz formation, due to variation of P, T and growth rate. Negative correlation between a TiO 2 and quartz formation temperature was documented for intrusion-related gold deposits, implying quartz precipitation under closed-system conditions (i.e., without substantial equilibration of the ascending fluid with surrounding rocks). We propose a relationship for quantifying disequilibrium quartz formation that can be readily applied to quartz with known P–T history. The relationship was tested on natural samples exhibiting both rapid and slow


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Multiple myeloma (MM) is characterized by the presence of four different patterns of marrow involvement on Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): focal, normal, diffuse and variegated. Diffusion-Weighted Imaging (DWI), which derives its contrast mainly from differences in the diffusivity of water molecules in tissue, with calculation of Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) values may be used as an adjunct method to increase diagnostic confidence of MRI. This technique has, so far, been applied to a small number of MM patients with promising early results for initial assessment and prognosis. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate ADC values in a large number of MM patients and establish mean values for each MRI pattern, in search for a more precise MRI technique, which may serve as yet another prognostic tool for this disease. Between 2012 and 2014, 99 patients with newly diagnosed, untreated MM (52M/47F, median age 65 years; range 37-89 years) underwent MRI of the thoracic and lumbosacral spine, including DWI: 34/99 had anemia (Hb 2 mg/dL) and 13/99 patients had LDH >250 U/L. The same MRI protocol was applied to 16 healthy, gender and age-matched controls to calculate mean ADC values of normal bone marrow. DWI of the lumbosacral spine was performed with an Echo Planar Imaging sequence using 5 b -values (0, 150, 250, 500, 750 sec/mm2) and ADC maps were generated. In MM patients with a normal or a diffuse MRI pattern, as well as in healthy controls, region of interest (ROI) measurements were obtained on the ADC map from each of the five lumbar vertebral bodies avoiding the region of the basivertebral vessels and any focal non-myelomatous lesion and the mean ADC value was calculated. In MM patients with a focal pattern, ROIs were placed on several focal lesions and the highest ADC value was recorded; in these patients an additional ROI was placed on an uninvolved vertebra in order to record the ADC value of apparently normal bone marrow. Based on visual assessment of T1-weighted images, 21 MM patients had focal, 26 diffuse, 3 variegated and 49 normal MRI pattern. Mean ADC values (±SD, x10-3 mm2/sec) of the bone marrow in MM patients were: 0.360±0.110 (range: 0.153-0.593) for the normal MM pattern, 1.046±0.232 (range: 0.715-1.536) for the focal MM pattern and 0.770±0.135 (range: 0.552-1.017) for the diffuse MM pattern. Mean ADC value of apparently normal marrow in patients with a focal MM pattern was 0.415±0.108 (range: 0.113-0.589), while that of healthy controls was 0.325±0.135 (range: 0.152-0.542). One way analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed a significant difference in ADC values within the groups of the study (p To our knowledge, this is the first study that evaluates and compares ADC values in the different MRI patterns of MM. We have shown that ADC values of MRI myeloma patterns differ significantly. DWI, by providing a quantitative means of assessing bone marrow involvement, assists the interpretation of other MRI sequences and improves the accuracy of pattern assignment. Disclosures Terpos:Amgen: Honoraria, Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Janssen: Honoraria, Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: travel expenses; Celgene: Honoraria, Other: travel expenses; Novartis: Honoraria. Dimopoulos:Genesis: Honoraria; Janssen-Cilag: Honoraria; Celgene: Honoraria; Novartis: Honoraria; Janssen: Honoraria; Amgen: Honoraria; Onyx: Honoraria.


The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of using zinc oxide salts to induce moulting, and their effects on post moult performance and organ characteristics of laying hens. Two hundred (75 weeks of age) Isa Brown hens were randomly assigned to five Treatments (T) groups of 40 hens, each namely; T 0-non-moulted hens and T1, T2, T3, T 4 , representing moulted hens fed, respectively, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0% Zinc Oxide (ZnO) supplementation per kg diet for 14 days. Organ evaluations of the hens were carried out 7 days post moult. Body weight loss and decline in feed intake of the birds were higher (P<0.01) for moulted hens. Cessation of egg production occurred earlier (P<0.05) in the same groups of birds. During post moult, the moulted hens exhibited greater (P<0.01) percentage body weight gain, when compared with the non-moulted hens. Feed intake and hen-day egg production of birds on 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0% ZnO supplementation was higher (P<0.01), than those of other treatments. Feed conversion ratio was better (P<0.05) for the same groups of birds. Moulting with ZnO treatment influence highly (P<0.01) the number of days to resumption of egg production, with hens on 2.0% ZnO resuming egg production much later than hens on 0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5% ZnO treatments. The ovary, liver and kidney of the hens were affected (P<0.05) by the dietary ZnO contents. A greenish coloration of the liver was observed in hens fed 1.5% and 2% ZnO supplementation. These results demonstrate that in order to achieve good post moult performance of laying hens in the humid tropics, farmers should practice the use of 1% ZnO inclusion per kg diet, as an effective method to achieve induced moulting.


A technique which automatically adjusts the optical axis of a CCD image sensor with the lens for a linear CCD image scanner is described. The error of the alignment is measured to the magnitude and pulse-width of the detected signal from the linear CCD image sensor, calculating the value of error by computer and driving the stepping motor to achieve the automatic adjustment.


Cultivation of the fungus Penicillium janthinellum for xylanase production was studied in a poly(ethylene glycol)/cashew‐nut tree gum aqueous two‐phase system, using a two‐level fractional factorial design. The parameters studied were initial pH, cultivation time, type of agro‐industrial residue (oat husk or corn cob), agitation, temperature, and phase‐forming polymers. The xylanase produced during fermentation partitioned into the top phase. The agitation and temperature (negative), cultivation time and initial pH (positive) effects proved statistically significant for xylanase production. The highest percentage yield of the xylanase in the top and its production in the top phase, about 97% and 160.7 U/mL, were obtained in cultures of 120 h, 40 rpm, 25 °C, and pH 5.0.


315 mentally retarded children from the coastal districts of Andhra Pradesh, south India, were screened to detect metabolic defects. Results with 2 cases of Hunter's syndrome, 1 case of Sanfilippo's s


The paper presents a modified nonlinear simplex algorithm with lexicographic order comparison of solutions and its application to the design of optimal induction motors. In the comparison of the solutions generated in the optimization process, both the objective function value and the additional parameter, called the satisfaction level of constraints, have been taken into account. The comparison method assigns some advantage degree to feasible solutions, thus allows for the control of this advantage degree during the optimization process. Special attention has been paid to the choice of the algorithm parameters and to the kind of the mutation operator. The presented algorithm has been implemented in the object-oriented software. Calculation results of the selected double-cage induction motors have been compared with the results obtained with the evolution strategy (+)-ES and with the hybrid algorithm assembled with the modified Price algorithm. An additional calculation experiment allows for the comparison of exploitation properties between the -Constrained Simplex Method and the Modified Price Algorithm. As the investigations showed, the presented algorithm can be successively used for the optimization of the induction motors, however, with constraints, which are not very restrictive concerning respective functional parameters.