On wind turbine technology, the aerodynamic performance is fundamental to increase efficiency. Nowadays there are several databases with airfoils designed and simulated for different applications, that is why it is necessary to select those suitable for a specific application. This work presents a new methodology for airfoil selection used in feasibility and optimization of small wind turbines with low cut-in speed. On the first stage airfoils data is tested on XFOIL software to check its compatibility with the simulator; then, arithmetic mean criteria is recursively used to discard underperformed airfoils; the best airfoil data was exported to Matlab for a deeper analysis. In the second part, data points were interpolated using "splines" to calculate glide ratio and stability across multiple angles of attack, those who present a bigger steadiness were conserved. As a result, 3 airfoils, from an initial group of 189, were selected due to its performance above the average as exemplification of the methodology.


A synergetic approach for the estimation of stable boundary layer height (SBLH) using lidar and microwave radiometer (MWR) data is presented. Vertical variance of the backscatter signal from a ceilometer is used as an indicator of the aerosol stratification in the nocturnal stable boundary layer. This hypothesis is supported by a statistical analysis over one month of observations. Thermodynamic information from the MWR-derived potential temperature is incorporated as coarse estimate of the SBLH. Data from the two instruments are adaptively assimilated by using an extended Kalman filter (EKF). A first test of the algorithm is performed by applying it to collocated Vaisala CT25K ceilometer and humidity and temperature profiler MWR data collected during the HD(CP)2 Observational Prototype Experiment (HOPE) campaign at Jülich, Germany. The application of the algorithm to different atmospheric scenarios reveals the superior performance of the EKF compared to a nonlinear least squares estimator, particularly in nonidealized conditions.


Hyperthermia affects most aspects of reproductive performance in mammals by compromising the physiology of reproductive tract, through hormonal imbalance, disrupting the development and maturation of oocyte, causing embryonic mortality, abortion, growth retardation, and major developmental defects. Heat stress reduces the steroidogenic capacity of its theca and granulosa cells by altering the efficiency of follicular selection resulting in drop of luteinizing hormone and estradiol secretions from the dominant follicle in the plasma, reduced intensity, and duration of estrus expression. The mechanism for the developmental stage-dependent change in heat tolerance is considered to be the accumulation of antioxidants in embryos in response to heat-inducible production of reactive oxygen species. Morula or blastocysts can repair heat-induced misfolded or unfolded proteins or facilitate DNA damage induced apoptosis. Therefore, embryo transfer (ET) that can bypass the heat-sensitive stage could be a good solution to improve the conception rate under heat stress. However, further research is required to improve the reduction in pregnancy rates due to summer heat stress.


Georgia feeder cattle teleauction prices are determined to have been significantly greater than sale barn prices in 1979. Enhanced pricing efficiency in cattle marketing is indicated by results of the analysis. Further suggested are improvements in physical efficiency.


With the number of patents continue to accumulate, the problem of patent management, such as more rights, short maintenance and low transfer rate, are becoming more and more prominent. In order to revitalize the university patent and improve the management efficiency effectively, it is urgent to construct university patent evaluation system. This paper is based on the patent value analysis index system designed by the China Technology Exchange, taking creative evaluation, patent evaluation and evaluation system reform as the basic path and with the direction of Innovation oriented transformation, and then the university patent evaluation system was constructed, afterwards the application of evaluation system is discussed with the object of the creative, teacher and student patent management. Under the current Chinese situation, patent evaluation system is beneficial to cultivate innovative atmosphere and enhance the quality of innovation, it also plays an important supporting role in the maintenance and operation of patent rights and the innovation management of students.


Commuting times and distances between home and work continue to increase in many North American cities with negative impacts to the environment as well as adverse health consequences for the commuters, because of stress from the commuting trip. There are very few empirical studies, however, on the differences between various modes of commute on commuters stress and mood. This study provides a comparison of drivers, public transport users and cyclists in terms of stress and mood elicited by each commute mode. On a sunny day in June 2013, 123 employees of a company rated their mood and stress immediately after they arrived at work. As was expected, those 25 employees who cycled to work on that day arrived at work less stressed than their counterparts who arrived by car. However, there was no difference in mood among the three mode users.


The phase formation during rapid thermal annealing of a Ti/Mo bilayer sequentially deposited on Si substrates has been studied. The Mo layer varied from 0.5 to 2 nm and the Ti layer was always 60 nm thick. The presence of the Mo interposing layer enhances the formation of the C54 of TiSi2 by first forming a Mo‐bearing silicide phase of hexagonal structure. The desired C54 phase then nucleates and grows on top of this Mo‐bearing silicide phase at a temperature as low as 650 °C via Si diffusion through the growing silicide layers. This is about 100 °C lower than what is usually needed for the C49–C54 transformation. The significance of this finding is that the usual route for the formation of TiSi2, i.e., the C49 phase forms as a result of the Ti–Si interaction and the C54 phase forms as the product of phase transformation, is altered by the interposition of a thin refractory metal (here Mo) layer between Ti and Si.


cultural structure of chosen practices and behaviours, worldviews, sanctified places, manuscripts, ethics, divinations, or societies that relates humanity to mystic, spiritual or sublime fundamentals (Morreall & Sonn, 2013; Nongbri, 2013). Similarly, Geertz (1966) stated that religion is set of symbols which act to establish dominant, universal and long - term moods and inspirations in followers by conveying notions of a common order of reality and clothing those notions and conceptions with such an atmosphere of factuality that the moods and inspirations appear inimitably truthful. According to Raj and Morpeth (2007), religion is a dynamic and ancient concept, comprising the older established faiths, in addition to the appearance of new religious and Quasi - religious movements (secular This research is an endeavor to assess the Hindu religious motivations in Kashmir valley (in India). Using a quantitative research approach, 267 Hindu pilgrims in Kashmir valley were asked to complete questionnaire to carry out this study. One sample t test and linear correlation modus operandi were introduced for testing assumptions of the study. It is evident from the study context that for centuries, the Kashmir valley has cultivated the religious history of the Hindu faith, which is palpable from the many sacred Hindu sites across the Valley. The study results revealed that the Kashmir valley is a significantly important destination for wellbeing, spirituality and the holy atmosphere of Hindus whereas ' sacred occasions ' are of average importance for them. All religious motivations display a considerable extent of variance in the results and overall there is significant association with pilgrims ' demographics.


Report presenting an investigation to determine some effects of tail damping and wing-tail interference on the rolling effectiveness of ailerons and a spoiler on a modified-delta wing. Results regarding the effect of adding fixed tail surfaces, effect of moving the horizontal tail out of the plane of the wing, and a comparison with theory are provided.


The electric resonance spectrum of phosphine (PH3) was measured at zero electric field for three rotational states, J=4, 5, and 7 with K=3. In addition, the J=K=2 and J=K=1 spectra were observed at several values for the electric field. The dipole moment (debye) is 0.57395±0.0003. The magnetic hyperfine constants (kilohertz) are cα=−114.90±0.13, cβ=−116.38±0.32 for the spin—rotation interaction of the 31P nucleus, and ζ α=8.01±0.08,ζβ=7.67±0.19 for the spin—rotation interaction of the 1H nuclei. The α constant is the mean interaction in the x and y directions, and the β constant is the interaction about the molecular z axis. No inversion doubling was observed (Δ〈1 kHz). The K=3 levels have K‐doubling fine structure as predicted by Nielson and Dennison, but the magnitude does not agree with their formula.


This article presents the case of a patient who, tormented by auditory hallucinations, made an almost fatal suicide attempt by shooting himself. He expressed the firm conviction that traumatic events in his life, including his suicide attempt, were going to occur again in the same form. The case was conceptualized in terms of phenomenological, psychodynamic, and linguistic concepts that informed his psychotherapeutic treatment. He was also treated with standard pharmacological intervention. This case uses previously neglected insights from linguistics to illustrate how implausibility of delusions can best be understood in terms of competing rules of evidentiality rather than abnormal reasoning and faulty interpretations of experience. The favorable outcome is explained by the replacement of delusional with nondelusional ways of making sense of the world, the decrease of hyperreflexivity, and the restoration of the patient's sense of power over his life.


Open access: http://isainsmedis.id/ Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan terjadinya hipertensi intraabdominal pada pasien dengan peritonitis di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar dari bulan Januari 2017 Desember 2018 Krishna Kurnia Pratama1*, Ketut Sudiasa2, Nyoman Golden3 Background and aim: Peritonitis is an emergency condition in the field of surgery due to its several complications. The most challenging is intraabdominal hypertension which can develop into abdominal compartment syndrome. There are several factors that cause intraabdominal hypertension in patients with peritonitis. This study aims to found factors that are associated with the occurrence of intraabdominal hypertension in peritonitis patients at Sanglah General Hospital in January 2017-December 2018. Method: This research used cross sectional analitic with total sampling technique with 136 peritonitis patients in Sanglah Hospital from Januari 2017 until December 2018 as respondents. Data source obtained from medical report. Bivariat analysis done to find factors related with intraabdominal hypertension in peritonitis patients with chi square method and multivariate analysis with logistic regression. Result: The majority of respondents are male, aged 15-64 years, organs involved in peritonitis in the form of solid organs, peritonitis that occurs through trauma mechanisms, experiencing sepsis, leukocytosis, and not hypoalbumin. Three variables were found to be significantly related they are, peritonitis caused by hollow organ perforation, sepsis condition, and hypoalbumin conditions. Only the sepsis condition has significant relationship with the occurrence of intraabdominal hypertension. Sepsis is 0.262 times more likely to cause intraabdominal hypertension in patients with peritonitis compared to patients without sepsis. Suggestion: Closely monitoring intraabdominal pressure should be carried out, especially in patients with sepsis, hypoalbumin, and those suspected of having perforations in hollow organs and further research is needed with a larger number of samples and more superior research methods.


Traditional practitioners who are not usually medically trained perform the majority of FGC procedures. In many cases the practitioner comes from a family in which generations of women have been traditional practitioners. In some countries daughters are just as likely to be cut by traditional practitioners as their mothers were. In other countries medical professionals increasingly perform the procedure especially on younger girls although this does not necessarily make the practice safer. This report presents an overview and recent statistics about the practice of FGC a summary of FGC abandonment approaches and a brief discussion of projects in four countries (Egypt Kenya Senegal and Uganda) identified as promising by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Program for Appropriate Technology in Health (PATH). Finally the report offers guidance to policymakers and program managers involved in implementing FGC abandonment policies and activities. (excerpt)


Sound localization involves information analysis in the lateral superior olive (LSO), a conspicuous nucleus in the mammalian auditory brainstem. LSO neurons weigh interaural level differences (ILDs) through precise integration of glutamatergic excitation from the cochlear nucleus (CN) and glycinergic inhibition from the medial nucleus of the trapezoid body (MNTB). Sound sources can be localized even during sustained perception, an accomplishment that requires robust neurotransmission. Virtually nothing is known about the sustained performance and the temporal precision of MNTB–LSO inputs after postnatal day (P)12 (time of hearing onset) and whether acoustic experience guides development. Here we performed whole‐cell patch‐clamp recordings to investigate neurotransmission of single MNTB‐LSO fibres upon sustained electrical stimulation (1–200 Hz/60 s) at P11 and P38 in wild‐type (WT) and deaf otoferlin (Otof) knock‐out (KO) mice. At P11, WT and KO inputs performed remarkably similarly. In WTs, the performance increased drastically between P11 and P38, e.g. manifested by an 8 to 11‐fold higher replenishment rate (RR) of synaptic vesicles and action potential robustness. Together, these changes resulted in reliable and highly precise neurotransmission at frequencies ≤100 Hz. In contrast, KO inputs performed similarly at both ages, implying impaired synaptic maturation. Computational modelling confirmed the empirical observations and established a reduced RR per release site for P38 KOs. In conclusion, acoustic experience appears to contribute massively to the development of reliable neurotransmission, thereby forming the basis for effective ILD detection. Collectively, our results provide novel insights into experience‐dependent maturation of inhibitory neurotransmission and auditory circuits at the synaptic level.


A device for authenticity testing of a security document (4), the at least one at an excitation frequency in a high-voltage alternating field (5) electroluminescent security feature (3), with a sensor unit (1), an excitation module (2), a condenser (9) and comprising a detector unit (12), wherein the security document (4) by the sensor unit (1) is moved and the luminescent light (11) collected from the condenser (9) and to the detector unit (12) is directed, the the luminescence (11) detects and spectrally analyzes, characterized in that - that the excitation module (2) has a slit-shaped opening (21) defining a path of movement (10) of the security document to be examined (4) engages with its opposite boundary surfaces, - that the excitation module (2) is formed of a transparent insulating material, in which the electrodes (E1, E2) are embedded to generate the high voltage alternating field (5) - that the security document to be examined (4) facing boundary surfaces of the opening (21) in the excitation module (2) have a hard layer of a transparent ceramic material (8) and that the excitation module (2) has at least a pair of electrodes (E1, E2), wherein the electrodes (E1, E2) are spaced apart from the pair while forming a gap (7) from one another, such that the light passing through the gap luminescence light (11) by is directed collected the condenser (9) and to the detector unit (12), wherein the electrodes (E1, E2), the condenser (9) and the detector unit (12) on one or both sides of the opening (21) are present.


An orthogonally polarised stacked square microstrip patch array antenna structure with high-isolation performance is proposed for single channel full duplex wireless communications. A double symmetric microstrip array structure is collaborated with a special self-interference cancelling network called differential feeding network (DFN) in order to achieve high-isolation performance. The proposed 2 × 2 and 4 × 4 symmetric array antenna structures with the DFNs were designed to operate at the idustrial, scientific and medical band of 2.34–2.54 GHz. By measurement, the average isolation performances of 53 and 60.7 dB were obtained in 200 MHz frequency band by the 2 × 2 and 4 × 4 array antennas, respectively. The measured average gains of the 2 × 2 and 4 × 4 array antennas were found to be 14.4 and 19.4 dBi, respectively.


The fundamental conclusion of this paper is that technological progress is intimately dependent on economic phenomena. The evidence suggests that society may indeed affect the allocation of inventive resources through the market mechanism somewhat as it affects the allocation of economic resources generally. If this is true, then technological progress is not an independent cause of socio-economic change, and an interpretation of history as largely the attempt of mankind to catch up to new technology is a distorted one. Cultural lags undoubtedly exist in social history. The automobile—to use an obvious example—rendered obsolete many pre-existing social arrangements and behavior patterns. But the reverse is also true. New goods and new techniques are unlikely to appear, and to enter the life of society without a pre-existing,—albeit possibly only latent—demand. Even a longstanding demand may have been intensified shortly before a technique to satisfy it is invented. In addition to cultural lag, there exists technological lag—a chronic tendency of technology to lag behind demand.


The present paper describes the steady-state response and control of power in transmission line equipped with FACTS devices. Detailed simulations are carried out on two-machine systems to illustrate the control features of these devices and their influence to increase power transfer capability and improve system reliability. The DPFC is derived from the unified power-flow controller (UPFC) and DPFC and Generalized Unified Power Flow Controller(GUPFC) has the same control capability as the UPFC. The DPFC can be considered as a UPFC with an eliminated common dc link. The active power exchange between the shunt and series converters, which is through the common dc link in the UPFC, is now through the transmission lines at the third-harmonic frequency. In this paper Generalized Unified Power Flow Controller(GUPFC) has been analysed for both open loop and close loop configuration. For this a Single Machine Infinite Bus (SMIB) system is simulated


Summary: The behavior of reinforced concrete structures under severe demands, as strong ground motions, is highly complex; this is mainly due to the complexity of concrete behavior and to the strong interaction between concrete and steel, with several coupled failure modes. On the other hand, given the increasing awareness and concern on the worldwide seismic risk, new developments have arisen in earthquake engineering; nonetheless, some developments are mainly based on simple analytical tools that are widely used, given their moderate computational cost. This research aims to provide a solid basis for validation and calibration of such developments using computationally-efficient continuum mechanics-based tools. Within this context, this paper presents a model for 3-D simulation of cyclic behavior of RC structures. The model integrates a bond-slip model developed by one of the authors and the damage variables evolution methodology for Concrete Plastic Damage Model (CDPM) developed by some authors. In the integrated model, a new technique is derived for efficient 3-D analysis of bond-slip of two or more crossing reinforcing bars in beam-column joints, slabs, footings, pile caps and other similar members. The analysis is performed by implementing the bond-slip model in a user element subroutine of Abaqus and the damage variables evolution methodology in the original CDPM in the package. Two laboratory experiments consisting of a column and a frame subjected to cyclic displacements up to failure are simulated with the proposed formulation.


The background of this writing because of frequent occurrence of floods in Indonesia that can lead to loss of life and property. This is caused because of the lack of information that is given to communities around areas prone to flooding. Then need a solution quickly and accurately, to reduce the loss that caused one of which is to make an early detection system and flood hazard information based Microcontroller ATmega8535. This tool is designed and made by using two ultrasonic sensors PING))) distance to obtain water surface elevation of the sensor. Distance is read by the sensor will be displayed on the LCD and 3 LED indicator and an SMS will be sent to the mobile receiver according to the height and level of the water surface of the sensor. Of the overall test results, obtained that it works according to the designed parameters of each component, with an error rate of 2.44% and the percentage of the average delivery of information via S MS is 8.5 seconds. Keywords: ATmega8535 Microcontroller, Sensor Ultrasonic PING


Accounting is faceing a deeply revolution that changes from corporality to humanism,and the human resources accounting emerges as the times require.First,the article argues that it is necessary to found our native human resources accounting.Then it makes some arguments for the human resources accounting confirming and qualifying,and researches into the accounting and the reporting of human resources accounting.At last the article describes human resources accounting performing in our civil enterprise management.


Abstract We consider the localization of eigenfunctions for the operator on a Lipschitz domain Ω and, more generally, on manifolds with and without boundary. In earlier work, two authors of the present paper demonstrated the remarkable ability of the landscape, defined as the solution to Lu = 1, to predict the location of the localized eigenfunctions. Here, we explain and justify a new framework that reveals a richly detailed portrait of the eigenfunctions and eigenvalues. We show that the reciprocal of the landscape function, 1/u, acts as an effective potential. Hence from the single measurement of u, we obtain, via 1/u, explicit bounds on the exponential decay of the eigenfunctions of the system and estimates on the distribution of eigenvalues near the bottom of the spectrum.


The article examines the issues that arise when modifying various works with the help of "deepfake" technolo-gy (processing by a neural network of an already existing work of another author for various purposes). It is emphasized that the creation of such content causes contradictions in the field of intellectual property protec-tion, since, on the one hand, deepfakes are a secondary product, created by means of artificial intelligence, which is not human and therefore does not have copyrights, and on the other hand, their production uses the already existing intellectual property object, which needs to be protected. Mechanisms of legal regulation of the deepfakes usage sphere in the framework of foreign legislations are described; Russian regulatory norms touching upon the chosen topic are given. Opinions of the scientific community on the most probable way of elimination of gaps in the legislation are investigated. It is deemed that the main approach to copyright protec-tion used by the international community is the recognition of deepfakes as intellectual property. The necessity of changing the Russian legislation taking into account the trends of the world development is outlined.


For wireless systems, it is of vital importance to use the scarce radio resources in an efficient way. In a typical system, each layer adds its own header, resulting in prohibitive signaling overhead. Several header compression schemes have been proposed to reduce this overhead. All compression schemes must be kept simple to cope with high load. Unfortunately, existing compression schemes cover, each, no more than two layers taking advantage of header format knowledge. We propose a header compression scheme that can cover all layers, from the 802.11 MAC layer up to the Application layer, without required knowledge of the headers format. We compare our proposal to a general simple compression scheme, and show that our proposal processing time is 60% faster. We show that on average, in a typical scenario, with high SNR, we reduce the header overhead by 70 bytes.


The present work carried out a review of literature that had as objective to describe the application of the Healthy Eating Index in adolescent and young adult population in articles published during the years 2005 to 2019. A total of 21 articles were selected and included in the present work where a total of 12 articles were taken from the EBSCOhost database and 9 articles were taken from the Scopus database. This study highlighted the adjustments that have been made to the healthy eating index since its creation to date and also showed how countries other than the United States have managed to adjust the HEI to their needs. It was concluded that this tool is useful for the evaluation and monitoring of the diet at the population level with reference to the dietary guidelines of each country


Ultrasonic attenuation and velocity measurements in the megahertz frequency range have been performed on YBa2(Cu1−xZnx)3O7−δ (x = 0,0.01,0.02,0.03,0.04 and 0.05) by a pulse–echo method below 200 K in magnetic fields up to 14 T. Three attenuation peaks located at 70, 130 and 170 K (P1, P2 and P3) were observed. From the Zn concentration, frequency, magnetic field and oxygen content dependences of the three peaks, it is suggested that P1 is associated with the short-distance jump of polarons formed by holes in the CuO2 planes, P2 is ascribed to the jump of apical oxygen atoms between off-centred positions induced by the Jahn–Teller effect and P3 is related to the jump of oxygen atoms in the Cu–O chains, respectively.


Abstract Background: Apert syndrome is a rare genetic syndrome that is usually associated with intellectual disability. There is still limited knowledge about the syndrome's cognitive-linguistic characteristics. Methods: The aim of this study was to evaluate the language and nonverbal abilities of two children (twins) with Apert syndrome aged 8.6 years, and to examine whether their scores on the language and nonverbal measurements fall within the average range. The Λ-α-Τ-ω, a psychometric instrument that measures language competence, the Wechsler Nonverbal Scale of Ability and the Raven's Colored Progressive Matrices were used for assessment purposes. Results: According to the results, both children failed to give correct responses on the subtests measuring the phonological aspect of language. Moreover, the performances of both children on the nonverbal abilities measures tended to be below average. Conclusions: The need for additional studies to identify the cognitive-linguistic strengths and weaknesses related to the specific syndrome is underlined. Research-based knowledge on the behavioral phenotype and the phenotypic, in general, characteristics of this syndrome could lead to better intervention planning.


Leo Hickman will outline his experience of communicating climate change as a journalist and author. Leo has edited the award-winning Carbon Brief since 2015. The UK-based website specialises in publishing clear, data-driven articles and graphics to help improve the understanding of climate change, both in terms of the science and the policy response. Before joining Carbon Brief, Leo spent 16 years at the Guardian as a features journalist and editor covering the environment, particularly climate change. Leo has also authored several books, including "Will Jellyfish Rule the World?" (Puffin, 2009), which explained climate change to Key Stage 3 children.


Distributed Compressed Sensing (DCS) seeks to simultaneously measure signals that are each individually sparse in some domain(s) and also mutually correlated. In this paper we consider the scenario in which the (overcomplete) bases for common component and innovations are different. We propose and analyze a distributed coding strategy for the common component, and also the use of Efficient Projection (EP) method for optimizing the sensing matrices in this setting. We show the effectiveness of our approach by computer simulations using the Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (OMP) as joint recovery method, and we discuss the configuration of the distribution strategy.


Just after five o'clock in the afternoon of Monday, May The affair requires no further remark, than that I consider 11, 1812, in the lobby of the House of Commons, John Belhis Majesty's government to have completely endeavored to lingham placed a pistol to the chest of the Prime Minister, close the door of justice, in declining to have, or even to permit, Spencer Perceval, and fired one shot, killing him instantly. my grievances to be brought before Parliament for redress, Bellingham did not attempt to escape. He moved to the side which privilege is the birthright of every individual, of the lobby and sat down on a bench with the smoking pistol The purpose of this present, is, therefore, once more to still in his hand. He was immediately seized and was reported solicit his Majesty's ministers, through your medium, to let to have said, "I am sorry for it . . . I am the unfortunate what is right and proper to be done in my instance, which is man—I wish I were in Mr. Perceval's place. My name is all I require. Should this reasonable request be finally denied, John Bellingham; it is a private injury on the part of the I shall then feel justified in executing justice myself—in which government" (Mollie Gillen, The Assassination of the Prime case I shall stand ready to argue the merits of so reluctant a Minister [1972], pp. 6-7). William Cobbett reported in the measure with his Majesty's Attorney-General, wherever and Political Register (May 23, 1812) that shortly after, when whenever I may be called upon so to do. In the hopes of Bellingham was questioned by the local magistrate, he said, averting so abhorrent but compulsive an alternative, I have "I have admitted the fact. I admit the fact. I have been denied the honour to be Sirs. . . . (Gillen, pp. 77-78) the redress of my grievances by government." Two things are clear in this and subsequent letters that Bel lingham wrote. First, there is the clear threat of assassination in the phrase "executingjustice myself' that should have been obvious to anyone reading the letter, especially since threats For weeks Bellingham had been visiting the House of Commons and stalking Perceval. And in the previous three years he had been petitioning various offices of government , , r • r . , • » ion, l i_ , j against public figures were common that spring. The Prince for compensation for his claims. In 1804 he had been employed ° " . K ArrAnt I Ift/1 PAliarol I 11 ' AT , • rh l /*h r-*, i 1-\1 1 *,1 « r 1 ■— 1 .. J Regent received several, two of which were publicly printed with a £1,000 reward offered for the capture of the writer. One of them read: by a Liverpool firm on a trading mission to Archangel in Russia, where he had been arrested for debt and accused of interfering in an insurance case that finally resulted in large


Crop diseases present a significant challenge to food security, but the lack of infrastructure in many regions makes timely diagnosis difficult. However, the widespread adoption of smartphones and recent advancements in computer vision, powered by deep learning, have opened up new possibilities for disease detection with the help of smartphones. Through the utilization of a deep convolutional neural network, trained on a publicly available dataset of 54,306 images featuring damaged and healthy plant leaves obtained under controlled conditions, it becomes possible to recognize 14 crop species and identify 26 different illnesses or determine if the plant is healthy. This deep learning model, boasting an impressive accuracy rate of 98.59%, proves to be the most effective artificial neural network topology for detecting plant diseases. By following a strategy that involves developing deep learning models on progressively larger image datasets and making them accessible to the public, the path is paved for widespread smartphone-assisted crop disease diagnosis on a global scale. Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have shown remarkable performance in image recognition tasks, including plant disease detection. These models are trained on large datasets of labeled images to learn patterns and features indicative of different diseases.


The article deals with the question of teaching debate in French to technical specialities students . The concept of the debate as one of the modern forms of discussion, its characteristics and importance for the effective formation of oral production competence and future careers have been specified. The author defines the prerequisites, basic levels which have an influence on mastering of the art of scientific argumentation and debate in French: extralinguistic, linguistic, discourse and cultural communication levels. Three fundamental stages in debating and their characteristics have been determined: initial stage which is important for the identification of participants in the debate, announcing the topic of future discussion and objectives, arguments and counterarguments developing stage and final stage. Some argumentative strategies that future engineers have to learn in order to master their skills of debating have been described: concession, confrontation demonstration, accession strategy, critical review and refutation strategies. The article offers some elaborated exercises for forming professionally-oriented French debating and communicative competence where all the aforementioned peculiarities of debate resulting from different factors have been reflected. So, teaching debate to future engineers is very important for achieving communicative competence in view of the fact that the teacher can prepare students to face real-life conversation in various situation and context. This is a language activity based on argumentation which includes the arts and sciences of debate, dialogue, conversation, and persuasion.


The methods and techniques for the slitless spectroscopy software aXe, which was designed to reduce data from the various slitless spectroscopy modes of Hubble Space Telescope instruments, are described. aXe can treat slitless spectra from different instruments such as ACS, NICMOS, and WFC3 through the use of a configuration file that contains all the instrument-dependent parameters. The basis of the spectral extraction within aXe are the position, morphology, and photometry of the objects on a companion direct image. Several aspects of slitless spectroscopy, such as the overlap of spectra, an extraction dependent on object shape, and the provision of flat-field cubes, motivate a dedicated software package, and the solutions offered within aXe are discussed in detail. The effect of the mutual contamination of spectra can be quantitatively assessed in aXe, using spectral and morphological information from the companion direct image(s). A new method named "aXedrizzle" for 2D rebinning and co-adding spectral data, taken with small shifts or dithers, is described. The extraction of slitless spectra with optimal weighting is outlined, and the correction of spectra for detector fringing for the ACS CCDs is presented. Auxiliary software for simulating slitless data and for visualizing the results of an aXe extraction is outlined.


According to the target about building undergraduate college financial management training, building training model, proposed measures to improve teaching model in terms of curriculum system and practicing teaching system, etc. to show the training and teaching mode


A facile synthesis of rare-earth free using boron carbon oxynitride (BCNO) phosphor material for security ink has been investigate. BCNO were synthesize by low temperature microwave heating methods, with H3BO3, citric acid and urea to be used as boron, carbon and nitrogen source, respectively. Then, the BCNO nanocrystals were disperse in water-polymer based solution until they became evenly spreading and turn into security ink without rare earth metals. The photoluminescence (PL) and UV-Visible spectroscopy were use to characterize the optical properties of BCNO and the security ink. The characterization results showed that BCNO and the security ink had similar PL properties (PL Peak and PL Peak Intensity). In addition, the UV-Vis spectra proved that the security ink had electronic properties such as being semiconductors based phosphor materials. The results indicate that BCNO phosphor material can be potentially be developed as rare-earth free security inks, and other applications such as optoelectronic, white LED, lighting, etc.


Depending on the growth technique, transition metal dichalcogenides can show a polycrystalline nature. The presence of grain boundaries is expected to significantly affect electron transport. In this contribution, we focus on the common mirror twin boundary (MTB) with a 60 angle between adjacent grains in MoS2, see fig. 1(a). Our simulations are based on an atomistic tight-binding model [1] recalibrated on DFT calculations, and on the Landauer-Büttiker Green's function approach. The band structure of a zigzag MoS2 ribbon (z-MoS2) with a periodic MTB along its axis, see fig. 1(b), shows the appearance of dispersive grain boundary states within the bulk gap, as also reported by scanning tunneling spectroscopy [2]. We investigate the conductivity robustness of these states against short-range (sulfur vacancies) and long-range (Gaussian potential) disorders. We consider rough ribbons in order to completely suppress the edge contribution to transmission [3]. Long-range disorder is effective only close to the van Hove singularities, see fig. 2(a), where new conductive channels are activated. Conversely, short-range disorder strongly suppresses the transmission over the whole energy range, see fig. 2(b). A quantitative scaling analysis will be presented. When the MTB is orthogonal to the transport direction, the conductance of 2D MoS2 decreases for both electrons and holes, see fig. 3(a). This is due to the lower density of states of the MTB compared to the bulk. The angle-resolved transmission is found to be reversed in the two (K/K') valleys as a consequence of the trigonal warping effect, see fig. 3(b).


Artificial intelligence technology is rapidly developing with the improvement of computer performance and the development of various algorithms, and research using artificial intelligence technology is being actively conducted in the field of manufacturing technology. In the field of welding, research on arc welding quality prediction using artificial neural network algorithms (ANN) was mainly conducted in the early stages. Since then, in the case of arc welding quality prediction using a deep neural network (DNN) algorithm, research has been conducted to increase the accuracy by increasing the hidden layer in the ANN algorithm. Recently, many studies have been conducted in the form of predicting and classifying the quality of arc welding based on the convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithm, which is one of the deep learning algorithms. Therefore, in this paper, we review representative algorithms such as ANN, DNN, and CNN applied to the welding field, and introduce studies that have successfully performed bead width prediction, welding quality prediction, and quality classification.


This research paper presents evidence from an exploratory survey on the use of agile project management (APM) practices and the presence of APM enablers in 19 medium-and large-sized companies from different industry sectors considering innovative projects. The results show that these companies are possibly struggling to use their current management practices in the face of different project challenges. Additionally, the presence of some APM enablers indicates opportunities to adapt the APM theory for different companies other than those in software development. Future research should explore the correlation between APM practices and enablers in order to develop "hybrid" management models for different industries.


A method of preparing a plurality of filaments spun melt having a denierde from 2 to 100, a relative viscosity (RV) greater than 190 formic acid and toughness characteristics yretencion toughness makes these filaments especially suited for A) providing flakes polymerized polyamide solid phase having a relative viscosity (RV) in formic acid of from 90 to 120 and a moisture content of less: use felts MAQUI-nas papermaking, said method comprising 0.04% by weight in the melt extruder deuna unaerated at a temperature of 120 to 200C; B) melting the flakes in the melt-extruder is introduced while in a supply end of said flake extruder a liquid phenolic antioxidant stabilizer which has not been premezcladocon polyamide material; C) extruding molten polymer resulting from the melting of said flakes from an outlet of said extremode melt-extruder to a transfer line wherein the temperature delpolimero cast in the transfer line within 2.4 meters from the outlet end of the extrusorade molten material is 285C to 295 ° C; D) transport of molten polymer along said transfer line by a pump impulsoray a distributor to at least one spinneret of at least a spinning machine such that latemperatura in the transfer line within 2.4 meters of at least one spinning device ince 295 ° C to 300 ° C, and such that the ratio of the pressure drop (.DELTA.P kPa) between said bombaimpulsora and said distributor with respect to the load (kg / h) ranging from 17 , from 25 to 24.15; and E) spinning the melt through at least one spinneret to form a plurality dedichos filament yarn polyamide melt polymer in which the flakes polymerized polyamide phasing plug solid which are supplied to said extruder comprise a polyamide polymer spinnable fundidosintetico and a polyamidation catalyst dispersed within the flakes, and wherein said flakes po25liamida polymerised in solid phase have been prepared by the steps of: i) providing flakes precursors polyamide polyamidation catalyst dispersed enellos and a relative viscosity in formic acid of 40 to 60 within a container polimerizacionen solid phase; ii) contacting said precursor flakes within said vessel with a substantially oxygen free gas inerte30; iii) drying at least a portion of said gas drying system regenerator dual lechodesecante connected in series such that the gas entering said vessel has unponto dew not exceeding 10 ° C; iv) heating the gas to a temperature of 120 to 200; v) circulating the heated gas, drying, filtering, through the interstices between the flakes in dichorecipiente for 4 to 24 hours; and vi) removing the container, and supply to said extruder melt, flakes that tienenuna relative viscosity in formic acid of from 90 to 120, wherein the relative viscosity enacido formic is the ratio of the viscosities of solution and solvent action viscosimtro in a capillary at 25 according to ASTM D 0789, wherein the formic acid containing 10% enpeso water and the solution is 84% by weight polymer dissolved in the solvent.


Viscoelastic dampers and belt conveyor systems using viscoelastic dampers to attenuate belt vibration and methods for damping belt speed variations. One version of the viscoelastic dampers includes a low-friction carryway element mounted to a viscoelastic pad that is firmly attached to stationary conveyor framework at various locations along the length and width of the conveyor system. Speed fluctuations of the conveyor belt supported on and advancing along the low-friction carryway elements are damped by the viscoelastic dampers. In some versions, magnetic forces are used to clamp the conveyor belt to the dampers to increase the effective damping.


Regulation for Management of Clinical Laboratories in Medical Services has recently been put in effect.The background of the regulation was reviewed and outlined with emphasis on the responsibilities of the clinical laboratories and requirements for the quality and safety management.It was hoped that the regulations would play an important role in the improvement of clinical laboratories in China.


Background: If at the end of anaesthesia, the gases on the anaesthetic machine are not turned off, they continue to flow through the breathing circuit and may dry out the carbon dioxide absorbent in the absorber. At the beginning of the next anaesthetic procedure, the desiccated absorbent decomposes the volatile anaesthetic, resulting in the formation of toxic gas mixtures, which are dangerous for the patient. In such circumstances, the measured level of the volatile anaesthesic in the breathing circuit differs from the selected value. In the paper, we analyse potentially dangerous possible directions of continuous flow of fresh gas mixture in different anaesthetic breathing circuits.
 Methods: In the first part of the study, we simulated the continuous flow of gases in a Sulla anaesthesia machine using an experimental method in a simulation setting. In the second part, we analysed whether a retrograde flow through the absorber was possible in a convential anaesthetic breathing circuit and in the Fabius GS, Cato, Julian and Primus circuits with the Y-piece connector open or closed. Information on users' requests for maintenance services due to discrepancies between the desired and measured levels of the volatile anaesthetic in the breathing circuit were obtained from the manufacturer's local servicing agent.
 Results: In a Drager ISO 8 circle system (Sulla anaesthetic machine) with a standard gas supply connector, a retrograde flow is not possible. If the Y-piece connector is left open, the gases are vented to the outside via the absorber and the inspiratory tube. If the Y-piece connector is closed or open, the absorbent in the canister dries because of the continuous flow of gas. A retrograde flow is possible only in those Sulla anaesthetic machines where the fresh gas inlet is located below the inspiratory valve. A retrograde flow of gases causing absorbent desiccation can occur in a Cato, Julian, Fabius GS, or Primus anaesthetic machines with the Y-piece connector closed. Maintenance engineers point out that problems are reported mostly on Monday mornings before the first operation.
 Conclusions: After completed anaesthesia, the fresh gas inlets on the anaesthetic machine must always be closed. Especially in older machines, the carbon dioxide absorber must be checked before the first operation on a Monday morning. In new-generation machines, we must make sure that the emergency ventilation valve is closed after the end of anaesthesia.


The principal component analysis (PCA) is applied in this paper, since the existing power consumption prediction models of cement manufacturing influenced by many factors are quite complex and have low accuracy. In this way, four new key factors affecting the power consumption of cement manufacturing are obtained instead of the eleven original ones, with the complexity of the computing model simplified. Built upon this is the power consumption prediction model of cement manufacturing based on an improved multiple non-linear regression algorithm. Then the efficiency of the model, obviously improved the forecasting precision, is verified in Pingyi Zhonglian Cement Plant. In other words, a theoretical basis for cement plants power consumption forecasting management is provided in this paper.


Based on the analysis of the characteristics of the bomb and working mechanism of INS/SPS, a compound guidance law is proposed, consisting of midcourse guidance and optimal terminal guidance. In the midcourse guidance phase, best attack angle is obtained at real time, to get maximum value of lift-drag ratio. In terminal guidance phase, a big-enough trajectory angle of impact point is gained with least energy, according to optimal control theory. Larger range and better killing power of GB is correspondingly realized. And simulation is carried out for a certain type of GB, and simulation results confirm the efficiency of the compound guidance law, which in turn provide valuable basis for the design of GB control and guidance system.


Duodenal diverticulosis can be a difficult CT diagnosis and should be considered in the differential diagnosis when a periduodenal mass‐like structure that may contain air, air‐fluid level, or oral contrast material is depicted.


ABSTRACT To date, few empirical studies on same-sex divorce have been published. This paper presents a grounded theory analysis of in-depth interviews with a small convenience sample of six divorced gays and lesbians in order to address two related questions: how do gays and lesbians account for their divorce experiences? And what do these accounts suggest about the meanings they attach to marriage? Results suggest a distinction between what I term relationship-focused accounts, which explain the account-teller's divorce by emphasizing that his or her marital bond had come undone, and self-focused accounts, which emphasize how the marriage created problems for the account-teller him- or herself. Furthermore, this paper shows how relationship-focused accounts draw upon the meanings embedded in the companionate model of marriage whereas self-focused accounts draw upon those embedded in the individualized model of marriage.


Turbulence of a gas flow in a high-repetition-rated TEA CO2 laser was investigated with an interferogram method. The average laser power increased in proportion to the repetition rate up to 1 kpps. The clearing ratio was smaller than 2 even in the repetitive operation as high as 1 kpps. However, once arc discharge occured, the recovery time became larger by a factor of two than one after a glow discharge. Our observation showed that allowance of the medium density disturbance for stable outputs was less than 1.8%.


Over the last eighty years, the worldwide dairy industry standard duration for the dry period has been eight weeks, or sixty days. It constitutes a period of rest and recuperation ('recharging') for dairy cows, to prepare them for a healthy and productive subsequent lactation.


The polarization phenomenon, involved in the mechanisms of emission from carbon nanotubes, is investigated by means of a self-consistent resolution of Poisson's equation. We show that the field enhancement. responsible for the emission, varies in a logarithmic way with the nanotube length. This leads, for most of the nanotubes investigated, to a rapid saturation of the amplification of the field which does not allow for the recovery of experimental values for microscopic lengths, However, this saturation is less important with (n,0) nanotubes and values of the amplification factor around 2000 can be obtained with small diameter nanotubes of this kind. The case of nanotube films is also investigated, and the dependence of the amplification factor with the nanotube density is pointed out. Finally, the screening effect of the outer shells on the inner ones is investigated in the case of multiwall nanotubes.


Objective The Concentric Circles Therapy Training (CCTT) approach is a revised version of a previously developed interpersonal therapy training approach that primarily aims to develop therapist's awareness of interpersonal process. The CCTT approach enables students to take part in an interpersonal therapy training group both as a participant and as an observer. The aim of the study was to obtain in‐depth accounts of the experience of this revised approach to interpersonal therapy training. Methods Seven Clinical Psychology post‐graduate students took part in the study, with each participant providing 6 weeks of in‐depth personal reflective journals regarding their psychotherapy training experience. Thematic analysis was used to determine the predominant themes. Results Three main themes emerged in the data: personal reflections, interpersonal reflections, and integration. Overall, participants indicated that being able to be both a participant and an observer was a unique and powerful learning experience, and all participants indicated that participation in the concentric circles training was an important part of their training to become psychotherapists. Conclusion The CCTT approach was developed to provide a practical solution to enable interpersonal therapy training in clinical psychology courses where class sizes continue to increase.


It is well known that sedentary life style lead to conditions such as obesity and diabetes. In recent years, there has been increasing interest in devices capable of measuring activity energy expenditure (AEE) and physical activity intensity (PAI) without disrupting the activities of daily living. In this paper we introduce a portable and light-weight device based on our Sensium technology. Unlike existing commercially available devices, the latter can measure both AEE and PAI in a real-time basis and convey the resultant calculations wirelessly to a remote PC and/or sever. Such calculations are carried out by means of a mathematical model, which combines heart rate and accelerometer information to produce PAI and AEE estimations. The model was calibrated against a reference indirect calorimetry system. In particular, simulated annealing was used to adjust the model parameters so as to allow a closer match between the predicted and reference values. The resulting model was tested using a separate dataset with reference to indirect calorimetry. The 95% prediction interval and the Spearman's correlation coefficient (r) for PAI were found to be [-0.1307, 0.171] kJ/kg/min and 0.903 (p<0.001) respectively. In addition, the results revealed that there is agreement between Sensium and a similar reference (validated) device.


Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Hydroxycholesterols (OHCs), metabolites of CNS cholesterol, are involved in diverse cellular responses to inflammation and demyelination, and may also be involved in the pathogenesis of NMO. We aimed to develop a sensitive and reliable method for the quantitative analysis of three major OHCs (24S-, 25-, and 27-OHCs), and to evaluate their concentration in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum of patients with NMO. The levels of the three OHCs in the serum and CSF were measured using liquid chromatography-silver ion coordination ionspray tandem mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry with picolinyl ester derivatization, respectively. The linear range was 5–250 ng/mL for 24S- and 27-OHC, and 0.5–25 ng/mL for 25-OHC in serum, and was 0.1–5 ng/mL for 24S- and 27-OHC, and 0.03–1 ng/mL for 25-OHC in CSF. Precision and accuracy were 0.5%–14.7% and 92.5%–109.7%, respectively, in serum, and were 0.8%–7.7% and 94.5%–119.2%, respectively, in CSF. Extraction recovery was 82.7%–90.7% in serum and 68.4%–105.0% in CSF. When analyzed in 26 NMO patients and 23 control patients, the 25-OHC (0.54 ± 0.96 ng/mL vs. 0.09 ± 0.04 ng/mL, p = 0.032) and 27-OHC (2.68 ± 3.18 ng/mL vs. 0.68 ± 0.25 ng/mL, p = 0.005) were increased in the CSF from NMO patients. When we measured the OHCCSF index that controls the effects of blood–brain barrier disruption on the level of OHC in the CSF, the 27-OHCCSF index was associated with disability (0.723; 95% confidence interval (CI)– 0.181, 0.620; p = 0.002), while the 24-OHCCSF index (0.518; 95% CI– 1.070, 38.121; p = 0.040) and 25-OHCCSF index (0.677; 95% CI– 4.313, 18.532; p = 0.004) were associated with the number of white blood cells in the CSF of NMO patients. Our results imply that OHCs in the CNS could play a role in the pathogenesis of NMO.


Correction for 'Secondary compounds in the catalytic hydrogenation of enone and allylic alcohol prostaglandin intermediates: isolation, characterization, and X-ray crystallography' by Constantin I. Tănase et al., New J. Chem., 2019, DOI: 10.1039/c9nj01186b.


A rheological study of the phase behaviour and the dynamics in the immiscible region of a model partially miscible Upper Critical Solution Temperature (UCST) blend was carried out by using a series of nearly monodisperse polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) of varying molecular weights blended with polyethylmethylsiloxane (PEMS). The complete phase diagram was established through steady shear rheology, optical microscopy and light scattering. The UCST, interfacial tension and morphology of these blends are very sensitive to the molecular weight of the constituents. Partial miscibility was observed only when the Mw of PDMS was sufficiently low. The viscoelastic behaviour in the phase separated region can be modeled successfully using the Palierne model.

Une etude rheologique du comportement et de la dynamique de phases dans la region immiscible d'un melange modele a temperature de solution critique superieure (UCST) partiellement miscible, a ete realisee au moyen d'une serie de polydimethylsiloxane (PMDS) quasi monodisperse de differents poids moleculaires melange a du polyethylmethylsiloxane (PEMS). Le diagramme de phases complet a ete etabli par rheologie en cisaillement permanent, microscopie optique et diffusion de la lumiere. La UCST, la tension interfaciale et la morphologie de ces melanges sont tres sensibles au poids moleculaire de ces constituants. Une miscibilite partielle est observee uniquement lorsque le Mw du PMDS est suffisamment bas. Le comportement viscoelastique dans la region ou les phases sont separees peut etre modelise avec succes a l'aide du modele de Palierne.


Malignant catarrhal fever (MCF) is a systemic disease of cattle belonging to genus Macavirus of the subfamily Gamma herpesvirinae. This genus includes alcelaphine herpesvirus I (AIHV-1) and ovine herpesvirus 2 (OvHV-2), the causative agent of sheep associated MCF which is worldwide because it is endemic in most sheep.Clinical signs vary depending on the species affected, the form of MCF contracted and the organ systems that are most affected by the lymphoproliferative disease. OvHV-2 was isolated from suddenly dead foals, calf-camels, cattle, buffalos and sheep. It was isolated also from aborted faetuses of mares, she-camels, cows and ewes. Isolation was achieved in cell cultures (MDBK, VERO and BHK21) and specific pathogen free-embryonated chicken eggs (SPF-ECE), yolk sac and chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) routes. Identification of the isolates was performed with negative staining electron microscopy (EM), agar gel precipitation test(AGPT) and virus neutralization test (VNT). Serological examination of the animals who abort was performed using VNT. They give positive results with observation that she-camels were having the highest titer of neutralizing antibodies may be due to part of the humoral immune response of camels is based on heavy chain antibodies (HC Abs). On conclusion, the current study showed an emergent infectious disease associated with OvHV-2 infection in horse and dromedary camels. Sequencing of the isolates is recommended to know if the virus underwent modifications that expanded to host range. Since MCF is worldwide, testing of the imported animals to Egypt is recommended. [Iman. M. Bastawecy; Zaki A. A. and Sobhy, N. M. Ovine Herpesvirus 2 Infection Causes Sudden Death and Abortion in Susceptible Animals. Life Sci J 2014;11(10):957-964]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 148


The Immunological and Neurochemical Toxicity of Benzene and Its Interaction with Toluene in Mice by X Gin-Chang Hsieh , Doctor of Philosophy Utah State University, !988 Major Professor : Dr . R. D. R. Parker Department: Biology/ Toxicology Program Benzene and toluene are known groundwater contaminants . Male CD-I mice were continuously exposed to 0, 31 , !66 , and 790 mg/ L benzene and 0, 17 , 80, and 405 mg/ L toluene, respectively, in drinking water for four weeks. Benzene caused a reduction of leukocytes, lymphocytes and erythrocytes, and resulted in a macrocytic anemia. Lymphocyte response to both Band T-cell mitogens, mixed lymphocyte response to alloantigens, and the ability of cytotoxic lymphocytes to lyse tumor cells were enhanced at the lowest dose of benzene and depres sed in the higher dosage animals. Benzene at doses of 166 and 790 mg/L decreased the number of sheep red blood cell (SRBC) -s pecific plaque-forming cells, the level of serum anti-SRBC antibody, and the activity of interleukin-2 ( IL -2). Benzene treatment increased endogenous concentrations of the brain biogenic amines norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5-HT), and concomitantly, elevated the levels of their respective major metabolites vanillymandel ic acid (VMA), 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl acetic acid (DOPAC) and homovanillic acid (HVA), and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (SHIM), in several brain regions . In most cases, the changes were dosexi related; in several instances, maximum effects occurred at the 166 mg/ L benzene dose . Toluene did not adversely affect the hematological parameters. Depres sion of immune function was evident at the highest dose (405 mg/L), except for mitogeneses. Increased neurochemical concentrations caused by toluene displayed a dose-dependent bi phasic manner which began at a dose of 17 mg/L, peaked at 80 mg/L, and decreased at 405 mg/ L. Toluene treatment had more selective effects on NE , 5-HT , VMA and 5-HIAA, than DA, DOPAC and HVA. Both compounds, by increasing concentrations of the hypothalamic NE and its major metabolite VMA, stimulated the hypothalamic -pituitaryadrenocortical axis activity, resulting in an elevated plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone and serum corticosterone which had an additive adverse effect on IL-2 synthesis. Toluene, 325 mg/ L, completely inhibited benzene induced cytopenia and immunosuppression when it was coadministered with benzene (166 mg/ L) . The low dose of toluene (80 mg/L ) did not antagonize benzene immunotoxicity. Mice given the combined exposures exhibited raised levels of regional neurochemicals when compared to the untreated controls. Increased levels of monoamine metabolites in several brain regions were greater in the combined treatments of benzene and toluene than when either chemical was used alone. The results of the interaction studies support the known metabolic interaction mechanisms of benzene and toluene. (226 pages)


The tsunami of 26 December 2004 in the Indian Ocean propagated not only throughout the Indian Ocean but also propagated into the Pacific and Atlantic oceans. Some of the tsunami energy from the Indian Ocean leaked into the Pacific and Atlantic oceans through the opening in the south. This leakage of tsunami energy from the Indian Ocean produced maximum tsunami amplitudes of 0.65 m on the Pacific coast of South America, and maximum amplitude of 0.3 m on the coast of Nova Scotia in the Atlantic Ocean. Asimple analytical model has been adapted here to show that indeed the tsunami flux from the Indian Ocean into the Pacific Ocean is greater than the flux into the Atlantic Ocean.


This paper focuses on the emergence of HIV seropositivity as a new identity, closely linked to male homosexuality, in Brazilian culture. Based on the author's personal experience as an AIDS activist, together with his ongoing research on homosexuality and HIV/AIDS, the article examines two distinct conceptions of seropositive identities that have emerged in the Brazilian HIV/AIDS movement. The first of these conceptions suggests that all people whose lives have been touched by HIV and AIDS can work together, based on principles of solidarity, in seeking to respond to the epidemic-whether or not they are themselves directly infected with HIV. The second, more specific conception, suggests that those infected by HIV share a number a range of common experiences that distinguish them from others, while at the same time recognizing the specificity of those who are homosexual men as opposed to heterosexual women or injecting drug users. The paper seeks to explore the ways in which these differing conceptions ha...


The design functions of office seats in the market are relatively weak. According to the requirements of different sitting positions in the office environment and the physiological and morphological characteristics of sitting positions, this paper analyzes the seats from the perspective of ergonomics to design conference room seats that are more suitable for forward leaning sitting positions. The research method adopts the investigation method, literature research method and other investigation methods to find the existing problems of office seats at present, and analyzes and improves the design in combination with relevant literature. The office seats in small conference rooms and visitor areas are redesigned to obtain office seats that are easy to move and conform to the human-computer interaction of the sitting posture of leaning forward in meetings.


Object recognition using theshape ofobjects boundaries andsurface reconstruction using slice contours relyontheidentification ofthecomplete boundary information ofthesegmented objects inthescene. Geometric deformable models(GDM)using thelevel sets methodprovide averyefficient framework forimagesegmentation. However, thesegmentation results provided bythese modelsareusually dependent on thecontour initialization, andinmostcaseswhere thestrategy istodetect allthesceneobjects, the results ofthesegmentation will onlyprovide partial objects boundaries. Inthiswork, wepropose anew methodtodetect thecomplete boundary information ofsegmented objects. Thisnewmethodusesaway tokeeptrack ofalready segmented parts oftheimage andgradient distribution analysis.


To provide a light emitting device containing the LED red phosphor and fluorescent body. Phosphor is at least Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, and the element M containing one or one or more elements in the Zn, at least B, Al, Ga, In, La, Gd, Lu, sc, and a element containing one or one or more elements in the Y, at least Si, Ge, C, Sn, Ti, Zr, D comprising one or one or more elements in the Hf and the element, at least N, O, and X element comprising one or one or more elements in F, and L element comprising one or one or more elements in at least S, Se, Te consists element Z comprising one or one or more elements in at least rare earth elements or transition metal elements. According to the phosphor of the present invention, high luminous efficiency, good temperature characteristics, it has the benefits of such a broad half-width, used in the manufacture of high-performance light emitting devices alone or in combination with other phosphors. .FIELD 1


Nifedipine is mainly used for treatment of antianginal (especially in Prinzmetal's angina) and antihypertensive. However, it is needed to improve the dissolution rate because it is poorly water-soluble drug. Nifedipine needs the sustained release formulation due to its short half-life of 1.5~2 h. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to control the burst release of nifedipine through the multi-layer as three layers formulation for 24 h. Upper and bottom layers consisted of gel-forming polymers as release controlling agent, and the middle layer was prepared by nifedipin-PVP K30 solid dispersion. The prepared solid dispersion was analyzed by SEM, XRD and DSC. The prepared multi-layer tablet was characterized by swelling assays. The release behavior of nifedipine from the multi-layer tablet was confirmed through in vitro assay (pH 6.8). It was confirmed that the nifedipine three-layered tablet using hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC) K15M showed the best of sustained pattern and dissolution behavior.


A n t ip h o sp h o lip id antibo d ies ( a P L ) are o f co n s id e rab le c l in ic a l im  p ortance because o f th e ir strong a sso c ia tio n w ith th ro m b o sis and re c u r rent fe ta l lo sse s , ie , the " a n t ip h o sp h o lip id " syn d ro m e (1 ) . H e m a to lo g ic ab n o rm a lit ie s such as th ro m b o cyto p en ia and au to im m u n e h a e m o ly tic a n aem ia can be assoc iated w ith the p resence o f a P L (2 ) . D isse m in a te d in t ra v a sc u la r co agu la tio n ( D IC ) is not u su a lly encountered in patien ts w ith a P L . O n the other hand , the p resence o f a P L has not p re v io u s ly been in vestig a ted in D IC . S in ce a P L can be fo u n d in cases o f v a rio u s en d o th e lia l d iso rd e rs , w e u ndertook the study o f a P L in patien ts w ith D IC o f v a rio u s o rig in . T w e n ty -o n e patients (1 2 fem a le s , 9 m a le s ) w ith D IC seco n d ary to d iffe re n t causes (T a b le 1) w ere p ro sp e c t ive ly stud ied . T h e co n tro l group in c lu d e d 149 n o rm a l sub jec ts . L e v e l o f f ib r in / fib r in o g e n deg ra datio n p ro ducts ( F D P ) w as perfo rm ed w ith an E L I S A . A n tip h o sp h o  lip id an tibo d ies d irected aga inst a m ix tu re o f th ree a n io n ic p ho spho l ip id s (c a rd io l ip in , p ho sp h a tid y l-se rin e , in o s ito l) and one z w it te r io n ic p ho spho lip id (phosphatidy le thano lam ine) w ere assessed using an E L I S A (P h o sp h o lisa , B io m e d ic a l D ia g n o s t ic s , M a m e la -V a lle e , F ra n c e ) . K n o w n p o s it iv e and negative sera w e re used as co n tro ls . A n t ip h o sp h o  l ip id an tibo d ies w ere exp ressed as G P L (fo r Ig G ) o r M P L (fo r Ig M ) u n its u s in g a standard cu rv e obta ined w ith se lected p o s it iv e sera . T e n G P L / M P L u n its co rrespo nded to the 97th p erce n tile o f the d istr ib u tio n o f 100 h e a lth y b lood donors. T h e th resho ld fo r p o s it iv ity w a s d e fin ed as be ing g reater than 10 G P L / M P L u n its . S e ra w e re co n s id e red to be lo w , m ed ium o r h ig h-tite rs w h en the resu lts ranged b etw een 10 and 2 0 G P L / M P L u n its , 20 and 4 0 G P L / M P L un its o r ab o ve 4 0 G P L / M P L u n its , re sp e c t iv e ly . S e ve n patien ts (3 3 % ) w ith D IC had a P L A (T a b le 1 ), w h ile a P L A w ere fo u n d in o n ly 4 /149 (2 .7 % ) n o rm a l sub jects (p < 0 .0 0 1 ) . T h e a P L t ite rs w e re lo w o r m ed iu m in 4 and 3 cases , re sp e c t iv e ly . T h e a P L is o  type w a s Ig G in 4 cases , Ig M in 3 cases . T h e re w a s no a sso c ia tio n b etw een the p resence o f a P L and the cause o f D IC o r the le v e l o f F D P . In th is study w e found a P L in one th ird o f patien ts w ith D IC seco n d a ry to d iffe re n t d iseases . a P L h ave a lre a d y been d escrib ed in in fe c tio n s , ren a l in s u ff ic ie n c y , p re ca p illa ry p u lm o n a ry h yp erten s io n (3 ) , d rep an o cyto s is (4 ) and fu lm in a n t hepatic fa ilu re (5 ) . In such c irc u m sta n c e s , a P L are co nsidered as a seco n d ary phenom eno n (6 ) re su lt in g fro m c e ll a lte ra tio n o r e n d o th e lia l in ju ry . In D IC , a lte ra tio n s in m em b rane p ho sph o lip id s o f e ry th ro cy te s , p la te le ts and en do th e liu m h ave been dem onstrated (7 ) , and co u ld p la y a ro le in the em ergence o f a P L . T h e absence o f h ig h t ite rs -a P L co nstitu tes another argum ent fo r th e ir co n ting en t appearance . H o w e v e r , it is a lso co n ce iva b le that a P L


The invention discloses a reinforced concrete cylindrical pier which comprises a reinforced concrete pier column, a cover beam and a bearing platform, wherein the upper end of the pier column is connected with the cover beam; the lower end of the pier column is connected with the bearing platform; an FRP (Fiber Reinforce Plastic) rib tube combining sleeve is wrapped on the outer wall of the pier column. As the FRP rib tube combining sleeve is wrapped on the outer wall of the pier column of the reinforced concrete cylindrical pier disclosed by the invention, the antitorque and shear-bearing capacity of the reinforced concrete cylindrical pier column when being compared with the prior art can be effectively improved, and moreover the problems of waterproofness is effectively solved, the concrete is prevented from cracking, reinforcement corrosion is prevented, and the durability of the overall structure is improved. The invention further discloses a construction method of the reinforced concrete cylindrical pier. The construction method is rapid in construction progress, short in period and capable of effectively saving the cost on mold plates in the construction process and ensuring good construction quality.


The main aim of this bachelor thesis is to compare the profitability of building savings and investment in real estate fund. The theoretical part consists of literary research on building savings as a savings product and collective investment schemes. The practical part focuses on selected building societies, real estate funds and their product offerings in the financial market. The most favorable savings tariffs and related charges of the selected societies were compared. In an analysis of factors affecting the building savings and real estate funds, a forecast of key macroeconomic indicators and factors affecting the real estate market were mentioned. Further, the correlation analysis of selected data concerning macroeconomic indicators, collective investment and savings was conducted too. The last chapter processes a total of 6 variants of one-time and regular deposits in order to ascertain the rate of return of the deposit. The final part evaluates the comparison of profitability of both products in the obserevd period confirming the higher or comparable return of real estate fund with building savings.


Existence theorems are considered for relaxed optimal control problems described by semilinear systems in Banach spaces. Relaxed controls are used whose values are finitely additive probability measures; this class of relaxed controls does not require special assumptions (such as compactness) on the control set. Under suitable conditions, relaxed trajectories coincide with those obtained from differential inclusions. Existence theorems for relaxed controls are obtained that apply to distributed parameter systems described by semilinear parabolic and wave equations, as well as a version of Pontryagin's maximum principle for relaxed optimal control problems.


From any theoretical point of view, the absolute judgment of a stimulus depends in part on the contextual set of other stimuli to which it is perceived to be similar or conceived to "belong." T o the extent that irrelevant attributes affect this sense of relatedness, the operation of customary principles of judgment should be impaired (e.g., Tajfel, 1959). T o investigate the generality of this assumption, a number of experiments were conducted in which Ss made relative numerosity judgments of the number of small filled circles on a set of 10 cards. The actual numbers of circles ranged from 12 to 160; based on extensive pretest data, these composed a reasonably discriminable set for absolute judgment. In all of the experiments except one (see below), the color of the circles was the attribute designed to establish an irrelevant but cross-cutting dimension of similarity. All the circles on a card were colored red or blue, hues which could be easily discriminated from each other in the apparatus described i n previous research (e.g., Weiss, 1963) . Six judgment trials were given to each individually tested S. For ease of reference, the numbers 1 to 1 0 matching the ascending order of number of circles will be used to identify the cards. The following variations were employed: one color for Cards 1 to 5, the other color for 6 to 10; one color for Cards 1 to 4 and 6, the other color for 5 and 7 to 10; one color for Cards 1, 2, 4 , 6 , 8, the other color for the remaining cards; one color for Cards 1 to 4 and the other color for Cards 7 to 10 on all trials, with Cards 5 and 6 colored one way on half the trials and the other way on the other half. In another experiment, the circles on Cards 1 to 5 or on 6 to 1 0 were replaced by the same numbers of small triangles, each of which was of approximately the same area as a circle. Both color and form varied in this experiment. Appropriate control conditions were included in each study. The results over all the variations were completely consistent: in no instance, were the absolute judgments affected by the irrelevant dimension(s)-not even, when the time of stimulus exposure was reduced from 2 sec. to 1/2 sec. in a final study. The failure to substantiate the basic assumption under the conditions of these experiments suggests care in generalizing the support provided for it by other research. Clearly, experimental analysis is needed to determine the general circumstances under which the assumption will and will not hold.


Males of the predaceous stink bug Podisus maculiventris (Say) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae: Asopinae) emit low frequency tremulatory signals. Laser vibrometry was used to record and analyze naturally emitted signals, focusing on variation in signal velocity and frequency during transmission through plants (Phaseolus vulgaris L. and Plumbago auriculata Lam.) as a function of distance from the vibrational source. Signal velocity varied individually between 2 and 15 mm/s recorded on a plant close to the calling male and decreased by 0.3 to 1.5 dB/cm on bean and 0.3 to 0.9 dB/cm on plumbago. The dominant frequency of signals was variable at frequencies below 50 Hz. On bean frequencies centered around 10 Hz or 20 Hz were dominant for signals recorded at the source. Transmission through bean resulted in an increase in the 20 Hz peak relative to other frequencies in the signal. Variation of the dominant frequencies of signals transmitted through plumbago stems were more predictable, showing typical changes in amplitude relative to the distance from the source. The regular variation of the dominant frequency along the stem with linear increase of signal velocity at decreasing distance from the source may provide plant-dwelling insects with information about the distance to the calling individual.


To all who are dealing with the problem of the Dull and Backward Child the recently published Report of the Medical Officer of the Board of Education will afford some interesting reading. In the December issue of the Journal of Education you may have noticed the following paragraph. "Another problem dealt with by the Board's Medical Officer which we select for special comment is that of the dull and backward child, familiar to the organisation of an elementary school as the child who does not march stage by stage in norma 1 progress through the school. Omitting ca ses of such slight retardation as fall within the range of 'standard deviation' for the particular age, we are still left with about 10 per cent, of the older children classed as definitely backward. About two-fifths of these cases are due to such non-mental factors as irregular attendance, inefficient teaching in earlier years, and physical defect. The remaining three-fifths are due to apparently inborn mental factors. In some cases special classes, with liberal substitutes of manual training in place of the ordinary subjects of the curriculum are provided. The report points out, however, that manual work is not a panacea for backwardness. There is great need for schooling under the best health conditions?open air work, adequate feeding, exercise and rest, and for the proper understanding of the mentally weak child. In connection with the latter requirements there is abundant room for expert research. In one way it seems absurd to spend money so freely on the backward child: but, until


Upper portions of both the kidneys are generally located anterior to the 11th and 12th ribs. In about 85% of the cases, the upper pole calyces are located above the 12th rib.[2] Hence, anatomically, it is always easier to access the upper pole calyx through a supracostal puncture (above 12th rib) which will provide the shortest and the straightest path to the pelvicalyceal system. This supracostal puncture rate has been reported to be around 25%–50% in various series.[3,4] In the index article by Gan et al.[1], it is mentioned in Table 2 that the upper polar puncture was made in 254 cases out of the total of 347 cases. However, it was surprising that supracostal puncture (above 12th rib) was required in only 4 out of the 347 (1.1%) cases. Is it due to the use of the triangulation technique, use of the kidney break, an anatomical variation in the patient population included or just by chance, this has not been explained in the text. If the lateral position of the patient with the table broken makes access to the upper pole calyx by a subcostal approach easier, then it is a significant advantage of lateral position PCNL over prone position and has implications in avoiding thoracic complications.


This study presents the relationship between subgrade strength and moisture content. Major function of subgrade is to provide support to pavement. Subgrade soil type, compacted density and moisture significantly affect pavement design. Surface and subsurface drainage of pavement and from adjoining land also affect subgrade strength significantly. Subgrade strength is mostly expressed in terms of California Bearing Ratio. The subgrade strength owing to its inconsistency or variable nature poses a challenge for the engineer to come up with a perfect design pavement. For example, the subgrade is always subjected to change in its moisture content due to precipitation, capillary action, and flood or subside of water table. Change in moisture content causes change in subgrade strength. It becomes quite essential for an engineer to understand the exact nature of dependence of subgrade strength on moisture content. In this study variation of subgrade strength with moisture content was studied considering, the variation of subgrade strength with days soaking and to analyse the relationship between subgrade strength, moisture and days soaking by used statistical software Mnitab16. Thus the different soil samples were tested for their proctor density, optimum moisture content, California Bearing Ratio after being soaked in water for 1 day, 2 days, 3 days and 4 days and Un-soaked for each sample. Study shows that a strong curvilinear correlation between subgrade strength and moisture content. On increasing number of days of soaking, subgrade strength decreases due to increases of moisture content. The rate of change in subgrade strength per percentage change in moisture content during un-soaked from the optimum moisture content was one to seven times larger than during soaking for four days from optimum moisture content with the average of about five times. So it will help design a good road pavement because subgrade is the foundation of road pavement.


I like the comments by Dr Herbert Copelan. My recommendation regarding a renewal of the supply of nitroglycerin every six months was an approximation of what is ideal; as he indicates, this might be too late if the drug is low in potency when purchased. As to the headache, again I agree that the response is variable, but it is useful. Sublingual burning is not always noted by patients.


External quality audits have been introduced in many countries as part of higher education reforms. This article is based on research on 30 Australian universities to assess the extent to which audits by the Australian Universities Quality Agency (AUQA) have improved quality assurance in the core and support areas of the universities. The article analyses the views of 120 respondents including senior members of the universities and some AUQA auditors and evaluates university satisfaction with the external quality audit process. The study finds that the audit process used by AUQA in Australia is satisfactory due to its enhancement-led reviews. The findings indicate that external quality audits alone cannot be credited for improving quality assurance in universities. A combination of external quality audits together with the internal and external operating environment has significantly contributed to improving quality assurance in universities. While external audits have led to an improvement in systems and processes in Australian universities, this study finds that they have not improved education outcomes and the student experience.


According to Jackson's sleep-cognition hypothesis (1932), which postulates that cognitive deficits might be associated with alterations in sleep mechanisms and structure, several studies were carried out on sleep patterns of subjects with mental retardation of different etiologies (PétreQuadens & Jouvet, 1966; Pétre-Quadens, 1969; Castaldo & Krynicki, 1973, 1974; Grubar, 1983). The main findings of such studies were a reduction in percentage of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and a prolonged latency of the first REM period in individuals with a mental handicap. Based also on the observation that, in animals, REM sleep percentage increases after intensive learning sessions (McGrath & Cohen 1978; Mirmiran, van den Dungen, & Uylings, 1982) the hypothesis that REM sleep is involved in cognitive processes was postulated and REM sleep itself was indicated as an index of brain "plasticity" i.e. the ability of the brain to retain information.


Classic studies of the probability density of price fluctuations g for stocks and foreign exchanges of several highly developed economies have been interpreted using a power law probability density function P(g) ∼ g−(α + 1) with exponent values α > 2. To test the ubiquity of this relationship we analyze daily returns for the period November 1994–June 2002 for the 49 largest stocks of the National Stock Exchange which has the highest trade volume in India. We find the surprising result that P(g) decays as an exponential function P(g) ∼ exp [ − βg] with a characteristic decay scale β = 1.51 ± 0.05 for the negative tail and β = 1.34 ± 0.04 for the positive tail. The exponential function is significantly different from the power law function observed for highly developed economies. Thus, we conclude that the stock market of the less highly developed economy of India belongs to a different class from that of highly developed countries.


The article deals with socio-pedagogical issues of personal relations activities in children's library. Variants of pedagogical means of children's library PR activity are represented on the example of district historical-cultural centre of the library.


The life-saving benefits of breastfeeding have received renewed emphasis with the publication of the World Health Organization's Global Strategy for Infant and Young Child Feeding. These benefits are much more obvious in the developing world where malnutrition and infectious diseases are still a large component of infant mortality. In the United States, where the infant mortality rate is relatively low and infectious diseases account for less than 5% of infant deaths, the risk of infant mortality from not breastfeeding has not been substantiated, although evidence supporting the risks of infant morbidity from not breastfeeding is quite strong. In other words, even though there is a protective effect of breastfeeding against many types of illnesses, does this protection result in lower mortality among US infants? Because infant death is so rare in the general US population, case-control study design is the most practical approach to examining the relationship between exposure to breast milk and infant mortality. In a case-control study receiving a lot of attention in the lay media, Chen and Rogan examined if the prevalence of ever breastfeeding is lower in a sample of infants who died between 1 and 12 months (postneonatal deaths) as compared to the prevalence of ever breastfeeding in a sample of control infants, using the odds ratio measure. Both samples were drawn from the 1988 US National Maternal and Infant Health Survey and adjusted to be representative of US infants demographically. Because feeding data were not collected on infants who died before 1 month of age, the cases were confined to postneonatal mortality. The authors further justified the exclusion of infants younger than 1 month old on the basis that (1) many of these deaths would not be affected by breastfeeding exposure, and (2) it is particularly difficult to rule out reverse causation with deaths occurring in the first month of life. Chen and Rogan found that among the cases of postneonatal infant death, the percentage ever breastfed was 37.7%, as compared to 53.4% ever breastfed among the control sample. Further adjusting for the confounding effect of mother's age, education, and smoking during pregnancy, as well as infant's gender, race, birth weight, congenital malformation reported at birth, live birth order, plurality, and Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children status, the adjusted odds of postneonatal mortality [95% confidence interval] is 0.79 [0.67-0.93] for the ever-breastfed group as compared to the never-breastfed group, suggesting a protective effect of breastfeeding. In the case of US postneonatal infant mortality, the outcome (infant death) is rare; thus, the odds ratio approximates the incidence proportion ratio, or relative risk. By taking the inverse of 0.79 (1/0.79), one can calculate the relative risk of not ever breastfeeding as 1.27. Thus, if all confounding factors have been accounted for, the risk of postneonatal mortality (death between 1 and 12 months of age) is 27% higher among infants who are never breastfed as compared to infants who are breastfed at all. Using these results, Chen and Rogan estimated the number of postneonatal deaths attributed to never breastfeeding, assuming that the current US postneonatal mortality rate of 2.28/1000 live births is a weighted average of the rate for the infants who initiate breastfeeding and the rate for those who were never breastfed. Assuming the current US breastfeeding initiation rate of 70%, the feeding group–specific postneonatal mortality rate (per 1000 infants) among the ever breastfed can be estimated as follows: 2.28/ ((0.70) + (0.30 × 1.27)) = 2.1. Among the never breastfed, it could be calculated as follows: 2.1 × 1.27 = 2.7, or an increase of 0.6/1000 infants never breastfed (2.7 –


The electroencephalogram (EEG) is the electrical activity of brain that can be detected and measured by attaching some electrodes over the scalp according to international 10-20 system. There are five major frequency rhythms in EEG as delta, theta, alpha, beta and gamma. However EEG waves contain useful information of brain states, but we cannot extract all of these information by observing only in time domain directly. Hence we have to analyze these waveforms by signal processing techniques. Among of these EEG rhythms, alpha rhythm is very interested for us, because of its application in seizure suppression and for treatment of depression in biofeedback. Hence identification of location of the alpha band over the scalp can be very useful. In this paper, power spectrum density (PSD) is used as a powerful tool in order to detect alpha rhythm in subjects with open and closed eyes. Results of this paper are as a proper evidence of previous results which is concluded by other researchers on detection of place of alpha rhythm. It is observed that alpha rhythm is dominant wave over the back of head in awaken subject with closed eyes.


Invariants are important logic assertions which describes the properties that are true when running the program.The technique of likely invariants discovery in large program is to infer them from captured variable traces.Based on the theory of database,classifies invariants into function-dependent and function-independent invariants and proposes methods for dynamically discovering function-independent ones.It helps to resolve such problems as blindness and inefficiency in detecting invariants.


A group of amorphous CHN films were fabricated successfully by hollow cathode plasma chemical vapor deposition with ammonia,hydrogen and methane as reacting gas.The variation of deposition rate as a function of DC voltage and reactive gas flows were studied,respectively.The nitrogen content in terms of atomic percentage under different conditions was identified by X-ray photoelectron spectra(XPS).The surface roughness and surface morphology were measured and presented by atomic force microscope(AFM). The results show that the actual nitrogen content in the films can be as much as 12%,the surface morphology is smooth and dense and the surface roughness is lower than 1 nm.


Coherent x‐ray diffractive imaging (CXDI) is a microscopy technique that numerically inverts measured diffraction intensities to arrive at the complex index of refraction of the specimen under investigation. We explore here the performance of scanning CXDI using the Difference Map algorithm when using diffraction with degraded signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) and diffraction with missing regions, due to, for example, a beam stop. We quantify reconstruction quality as a function of SNR using the concept of the phase retrieval transfer function which seeks to identify a cutoff spatial resolution up to which we can trust spatial features in the image. We also explore reconstruction degradation as a function of missing data region size.


Gao Y.-H., Miao W., Guo R.-J., Li S.-D. (2015): Real time PCR quantification of Sclerotium rolfsii in chilli tissue and soil. Plant Protect. Sci., 51: 61–66. Root rot disease caused by Sclerotium rolfsii is one of the important factors limiting chilli production in southern China. Rapid methods of detection and identification of S. rolfsii are required for disease prediction and management. Herein, we adapted a four-step real time quantitative PCR method to detect S. rolfsii using new designed primer pair S301S/S301A. By using this assay, S. rolfsii was detected in ten soil samples and eight plant samples at concentrations as low as 10 –7 g mycelium/g soil or plant, both with and without typical symptoms, while tissue-culturing method could only detect the fungus in two samples. This rapid and quantitative method is efficient for detection and determination of S. rolfsii population in soil and plants.


Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a vital food source all over the world, contributing 15% of the protein and 21% of the energy intake per person in Asia, where most rice is produced and consumed. However, bacterial, fungal, and other microbial diseases that have a negative effect on the health of plants and crop yield are a major problem for rice farmers. It is challenging to diagnose these diseases manually, especially in areas with a shortage of crop protection experts. Automating disease identification and providing readily available decision-support tools are essential for enabling effective rice leaf protection measures and minimising rice crop losses. Although there are numerous classification systems for the diagnosis of rice leaf disease, no reliable, secure method has been identified that meets these needs. This paper proposes a lightweight federated deep learning architecture while maintaining data privacy constraints for rice leaf disease classification. The distributed client–server design of this framework protects the data privacy of all clients, and by using independent and identically distributed (IID) and non-IID data, the validity of the federated deep learning models was examined. To validate the framework's efficacy, the researchers conducted experiments in a variety of settings, including conventional learning, federated learning via a single client, as well as federated learning via multiple clients. The study began by extracting features from various pre-trained models, ultimately selecting EfficientNetB3 with an impressive 99% accuracy as the baseline model. Subsequently, experimental results were conducted using the federated learning (FL) approach with both IID and non-IID datasets. The FL approach, along with a dense neural network trained and evaluated on an IID dataset, achieved outstanding training and evaluated accuracies of 99% with minimal losses of 0.006 and 0.03, respectively. Similarly, on a non-IID dataset, the FL approach maintained a high training accuracy of 99% with a loss of 0.04 and an evaluation accuracy of 95% with a loss of 0.08. These results indicate that the FL approach performs nearly as well as the base model, EfficientNetB3, highlighting its effectiveness in handling both IID and non-IID data. It was found that federated deep learning models with multiple clients outperformed conventional pre-trained models. The unique characteristics of the proposed framework, such as its data privacy for edge devices with limited resources, set it apart from the existing classification schemes for rice leaf diseases. The framework is the best alternative solution for the early classification of rice leaf disease because of these additional features.


By analyzing regulations in financial tool-related standards, this paper discusses the effects of such new standards as measurement of fair value, recategorization of financial assets or financial liabilities, change of loan accounting, accounting of securities investment, accounting inside derived financial tool statement, and financial assets depreciation, and puts forward the countermeasures for financial enterprises to implement new accounting standards: to train accounting personnel, evaluate changes in standards, adjust previous accounting system, establish risk-controlling system, and actively conduct peer communication.


Applying intelligent technology to upgrade port container handling operation can improve the port container traffic greatly and is the development trend in port operation.This paper discusses intelligent control theory,multi-level optimization strategy,remote computer monitoring,computer simulation,network communication,database technology and application of modern information management to port container management.