Objective: To investigate the association of polymorphisms in interleukin-10 (IL-10) and the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signal pathway genes TLR4 and myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) with the occurrence of postoperative sepsis. Methods: Data from 203 patients who underwent surgery were retrospectively analyzed. The analysis included 104 patients who developed sepsis after surgery as the sepsis group and 99 patients who did not develop sepsis after surgery as the control group. Polymorphisms in IL-10, TLR4, and MyD88 were detected by PCR and sequencing. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between genetic polymorphism and septic shock, organ dysfunction as well as the survival rate in sepsis. Results: There was statistical significance in the distribution frequencies of the IL-10 rs1800896 AA, GG, and AG polymorphisms, TLR4 rs10759932 TT, TC, and CC polymorphisms, and the MyD88 rs6853 AA, GG, and AG polymorphisms between the sepsis and control groups (P < 0.05, for all three). The IL-10 rs1800896 locus was associated with the occurrence of sepsis. Compared with the AA genotype, the GG+AG genotype was associated with an increased risk of sepsis (P < 0.05). The TLR4 rs10759932 locus was also associated with the occurrence of sepsis. Compared with the TT genotype, the TC+CC genotype was also associated with an increased risk of sepsis (P < 0.05). The MyD88 rs6853 locus was associated with the occurrence of sepsis. Compared with the AA genotype, the GG+AG genotype was also associated with an increased risk of sepsis (P < 0.05). The IL-10 rs1800896 AA, GG, and AG genotypes, TLR4 rs10759932 TT, TC, and CC genotypes, and MyD88 rs6853 AA, GG, and AG genotypes were not significantly correlated with septic shock, organ dysfunction, or survival (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The rs1800896 polymorphic locus of IL-10, the rs10759932 polymorphic locus of TLR4, and the rs6853 polymorphic locus of MyD88 were closely related to the risk of postoperative sepsis.


Methods for coupled aero-hydro-servo-elastic time-domain simulations of Floating Offshore Wind Turbines (FOWTs) have been successfully developed. One of the present challenges is a realistic approximation of the viscous drag of the wetted members of the floating platform. This paper presents a method for an iterative response calculation with a reduced-order frequency-domain model. It has heave plate drag coefficients, which are parameterized functions of literature data. The reduced-order model does not represent more than the most relevant effects on the FOWT system dynamics. It includes first-order and second-order wave forces, coupled with the wind turbine structural dynamics, aerodynamics and control system dynamics. So far, the viscous drag coefficients are usually defined as constants, independent of the load cases. With the computationally efficient frequency-domain model, it is possible to iterate the drag, such that it fits to the obtained amplitudes of oscillation of the different members. The results show that the drag coefficients vary significantly across operational load conditions. The viscous drag coefficients converge quickly and the method is applicable for concept-level design studies of FOWTs with load case-dependent drag.


Experiments were conducted to study the effect of using a perforated sill on maximum scour depth downstream from a sluice gate.

 Previous studies have shown that screens may be utilized efficiently for dissipating the energy of water downstream of a hydraulic structure.

 For the present study, a series of experiments was conducted to investigate the effect of using a perforated screen sill on the maximum scour depth downstream of a hydraulic structure.

 In the present study, a single perforated sill with varying porosity (10.3%, 18.3%, 28.5%, and 41.1%) and an inclination angle of 90° were used. Perforated sill with different shapes of holes (circular, rectangular, and square holes) was used during the study. The major parameters for the present study are the porosity of the perforated sill, different shapes of holes, downstream water depth, and the Gate Froude number (FG) for a range covering from 2.15 to 4.7. The gate opening simulating a hydraulic structure is adjusted at heights of 4 cm, 5 cm, and 6 cm during the experiments work.

 The results revealed that an increase in the sill porosity (Ao/As) increases the screen effect to reduce the max scour depth. In addition, the results showed that the sill with square holes is better than the sill with circular and rectangular holes in reducing the maximum scour depth.

 The perforated sill with a square porosity of 41.1% reduces the maximum scour depth downstream of a sluice gate by 60%.


ABSTRACT A spudcan is one of the foundation systems widely used to support the load transferred from a jack-up platform for most offshore drilling operations. The spudcan is an axisymmetric footing with a conical shape. The study on the stability effects of anisotropic and non-homogeneous clays on the bearing capacity of this kind of footings is yet to be found in the current literature. This paper presents novel plastic solutions of the bearing capacity factor for conical footings on clays with linearly increasing anisotropic shear strength. The finite element limit analysis is employed to perform the bearing capacity solutions based on three dimensionless parameters including the cone apex angle, the strength gradient ratio, and the ratio between the undrained shear strength ratio obtained from the triaxial compression test and triaxial extension test. The proposed equations in this study provide a reliable solution to improve the current design standard for conical footings in anisotropic and non-homogeneous clays.


Nannochloropsis oculata is a kind of important economic algae. A series of ecological factors of N. oculata were studied, including temperature, illuminations, salinities and carbon dioxide concentration. The orthogonal designing method was used to study the effects of N, P, Fe on the growth of N. oculata. It was shown that the suitable environmental conditions for N. oculata are as follows: The species grows at the temperature of 0~30 ℃, and the highest growth occurred at about 20 ℃. The best illumination intensity may be from 5 000 lx to 7 000 lx. And the higher illumination intensity was better. The algae has a normal growth in medium with salinity ranging from 13.7~33.4, the best salinity was 26.9. And it prefers NaHCO_3 to free carbonic dioxide. When the nitrogen concentration is 10 μmol·L~(-1), the phosphorus concentration is 2 μmol·L~(-1) and the ferrous concentration is 0.2 μmol·L~(-1), the N. oculata has its highest growth rate.


This paper deals with the Schur-geometrical convexity and Schur-harmonic convexity for a class of symmetric functions.As applications,some analytic inequalities are established by use of the theory of majorization.


Eventhough the lateral sinus floor elevation is a well‐documented procedure, many factors can increase its difficulty. The presence an osteoma can be very challenging and must be managed with caution taking in consideration the lesions's size and extension.


THIS seems to be an era of steadily increasing use of many contrast mediums in an effort to study and diagnose various problems. This practice is increasing in all branches of medicine but especial...


A simple qualitative spot complementation test for the analysis of temperature-sensitive mutants of papovavirus SV40 is described. The procedure is rapid, reproducible over a wide range of virus titer


To create a just society, the government develops programs that have been planned, one of which is to provide protection to women and children as the nation's next generation. During the COVID-19 pandemic, many cases occurred to women and children so that the role of the government was needed. 6 of 2015 concerning the Women's Empowerment and Child Protection System, and more violence in the role. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. With resource persons who have the criteria. Using data collection techniques, namely observation, interviews, and documentation as well as data analysis techniques, namely data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. Based on the results of the study indicate that the implementation of the Minister of PPPA Regulation No. 6 of 2015 concerning the Role of the Office of Women's Empowerment and Child Protection during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Samarinda City has gone well with the existence of the Integrated Service Center for Women's Empowerment and Child Protection (P2TP2A) and has changed since 2019 into an Integrated Implementation Unit for Women's Protection Areas and Children (UPTD PPA) with the issuance of Regulation of the Minister of PPPA No. 4 of 2018. The implementation and role of the Office has been running smoothly through the P2TP2A institution to become UPTD PPA. Suggestions for research that can be done is to propose to the Regional Government to issue a budget for the construction of Safe Houses to provide services.


Abnormal involuntary muscle movements are well known side effects associated with the administration of phenothiazine and butyrophenone derivatives1-3. Essentially three types of abnormal involuntary movements or dyskinesias have been reported. These are ,tardive dyskinesia, akathisia, and acute dystonia. of the


During the Cold War, two contending hypotheses dominated theories concerning the economic impact of anus control. The first suggested that when certain prerequisites were fulfilled, arms control agreements served to promote lasting reduction in military spending. The second asserted that instead of promoting savings, arms control encouraged diversion of resources to more advanced and expensive weapons, thus driving defense spending higher. Through the examination of the impact of the Washington Naval Agreements on naval expenditure during the 1920s, this paper provides empirical evidence to support the latter of these competing hypotheses. The United States, Great Britain, and Japan all realized economic savings after signing the Washington Naval Agreements. However, these savings soon eroded as the powers developed more advanced weapons‐systems.


Procedure WPS-115 is qualified under Section IX of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code for shielded metal arc welding of AISI 4340 alloy steel, in thickness range 0.187 to 2 inch; filler metal is E7018 (F-4, A-1).


Background COVID-19 pandemic presented as a challenge to breast cancer (BC) treatment, especially considering safety concerns and resource scarcity. Treatment choices have been taken mainly based on safety according to guidelines which aim hierarchically categorize the clinical benefits of any clinical decision. Considering the magnitude of benefit, neo/adjuvant breast cancer treatment is positioned at medium/high levels. Despite these recommendations, patients might be refusing chemotherapy (CT) or avoiding emergency care utilization due to concerns about COVID-19 infection. There have been described factors related to the reduction of effectiveness of neo/adjuvant CT for breast cancer, like relative intensity dose (RDI) Methods Medical records from 307 breast cancer patients who started neo/adjuvant chemotherapy from January 2018 to June 2020 at the Hospital das Clinicas de Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo (HCRP-USP) were retrospectively analyzed, with a total of 2,074 cycles. It was considered the period from June 2018 to June 2020 to analyze the total cycles prescribed/month. Clinical data, treatment information and outcomes were collected. Considering COVID-19 restraining policies in our region were initiated on March 23th 2020, we considered the pandemic period from April 2020 to June 2020, and compared to the period before pandemic (Jan/2018-Mar/2020). A RDI Results During the period before pandemic, an average of 10% (±4%) of the patients who received CT, monthly, sought the emergency unit, while only 3% (±4%) sought during the pandemic (p=0.17). In our institution, the average number of neo/adjuvant CT initiated monthly during pandemic tended to be lower than before the pandemic (7.0 ± 2.0 vs. 10.6 ± 3.5; p=0.06), while the average cycles prescribed monthly showed a 14% reduction compared to the period before pandemic (68 ± 5 vs. 79 ± 13; p=0.02). The frequency of treatments with RDI Conclusions COVID-19 pandemic presented as a challenge for the treatment of BC patients, including lower acceptance of neo/adjuvant treatment and reduced search for emergency unit due to chemotherapy adverse effects, which could compromise the of the treatment goals. In our institution, we found 23% of patients treated with neo/adjuvant chemotherapy had not reached the expected RDI ≥85% before the pandemic, similar to the literature. Despite the lower rate of RDI Citation Format: Franklin F Pimentel, Jessica MC Borba, Tamara CGF Rodrigues, Karoline PI Peruchi, Helio HA Carrara, Jurandyr M de Andrade, Francisco J Candido dos Reis. Evaluation of factors related to efficacy and safety of neo/adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer as a brief estimate of the impact of COVID-19 pandemic [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2020 San Antonio Breast Cancer Virtual Symposium; 2020 Dec 8-11; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(4 Suppl):Abstract nr PS13-30.


We demonstrate the implementation of a low-mass, single-layer pixel detector as a multi-component telescope for measuring the kinetic energy of charged particles. Rather than relying on several separate detection layers, we utilize the detector's individual pixels as the basis for multiple sampling of the stopping power of a particle under a shallow incidence angle. We present results from a single layer device corresponding to nearly 50 telescope layers. As the measured dE/dx response is highly stochastic, we utilize a maximum likelihood approach for which we calculate a probability function in the energy domain for each interacting particle. Using accelerator data, we show the limitations of the single-component approach and the advantages of our single-layer, multiple-sampling technique. Inferred energy spectra from accelerators show high accuracy and precision for protons with kinetic energies up to 400 MeV. For higher energies, the low energy limit is still very accurate.We demonstrate the implementation of a low-mass, single-layer pixel detector as a multi-component telescope for measuring the kinetic energy of charged particles. Rather than relying on several separate detection layers, we utilize the detector's individual pixels as the basis for multiple sampling of the stopping power of a particle under a shallow incidence angle. We present results from a single layer device corresponding to nearly 50 telescope layers. As the measured dE/dx response is highly stochastic, we utilize a maximum likelihood approach for which we calculate a probability function in the energy domain for each interacting particle. Using accelerator data, we show the limitations of the single-component approach and the advantages of our single-layer, multiple-sampling technique. Inferred energy spectra from accelerators show high accuracy and precision for protons with kinetic energies up to 400 MeV. For higher energies, the low energy limit is still very accurate.


Population has shifted from the rural areas to the urban centers in almost every country in the world. The result of this move is a change in diet and lifestyle. In the country people eat more fiber more carbohydrates less fat and sugar than urban dwellers. Further country people work harder smoke less and drink less. The result of the combination of diet and lifestyle changes is a decrease in the health of urban dwellers. Pollution and stress levels also change and thus have some effect as well. For the last 50000 years the diet of our species has been more or less unchanged. Only within the last 250 years have we eaten and lived as most of us do now. In the last 50 years research has shown that our new diets and lifestyle do not contribute to our health. In fact some estimate that 30-40% of cancers in men and 60% in women are attributable to diet. In other countries decreases in carbohydrate intake is matched by decreases in life span.


An ectopic molar pregnancy is a rare event, occurring in 1 in every 20,000–100,000 pregnancies. The condition may present as a complete or partial molar pregnancy and the ectopic site can vary as in a non-molar ectopic pregnancy. When a molar pregnancy presents as a tubal ectopic pregnancy, the risks related to both conditions, including tubal rupture and progress to malignancy, are compounded. The definitive diagnosis is normally reached by histopathology of the surgical specimen, since imaging tests are usually unable to differentiate between a molar and a non-molar ectopic pregnancy. While the specific histological findings may confirm the diagnosis of hydatidiform mole, immunohistochemistry is essential to differentiate between a complete and a partial molar pregnancy. Although in the majority of cases surgical resection is considered the definitive treatment, it is estimated that 20% of patients with a molar pregnancy may develop gestational trophoblastic neoplasia, hence requiring a risk-specific follow-up. This report describes a case of a tubal molar pregnancy and includes a review of clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects, as well as a discussion on the particularities of this rare association.


In this paper, we will discuss the extendibility of the charge-pumping (CP) technique toward frequencies up to 4 GHz. Such high frequencies are attractive when a significant gate leakage current flows, obscuring the CP current at lower pumping frequencies. It is shown that using RF gate excitation, accurate CP curves can be obtained on MOS devices with a leakage current density exceeding 1 Aldrcm-2. A theoretical analysis of the trap response to RF gate voltage signals is presented, giving a clear insight on the benefits and limitations of the technique.


OBJECTIVE
To study the characteristics of HE4 expression in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer, and to evaluate whether the pre-treatment serum human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) level is an independent prognostic factor in the patients.

METHODS
The clinicopathological characteristics and follow-up information of 112 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer were collected. The pre-treatment serum samples from these patients were measured for HE4 and CA125 expression. Serum HE4 levels were tested by a quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and serum CA125 levels were tested using Elecsys kit. The correlation of HE4 and CA125 expressions with overall survival and other clinical data were analyzed.

RESULTS
The median level of pre-treatment serum HE4 and CA125 in the 112 patients was 415.5 pmol/L (26.9-3253.5 pmol/L) and 699 U/ml (5-17 694 U/ml), respectively. Serum HE4 level before treatment was significantly related to grade (r = 0.21, P = 0.037), stage (r = 0.40, P = 0.001), amount of ascites (r = 0.39, P = 0.001), serum CA125 level (r = 0.53, P = 0.001) and residual disease after surgery (r = 0.22, P = 0.027), but was not related to menopausal stauts (P = 0.115), revealed by Spearman correlation test.However, logistic multivariate regression analysis indicated that residual tumor size was not significantly correlated with pre-operative HE4 level (P = 0.259). The mean survival of the 112 patients was 53 months. Log rank test indicated that the overall survival in patients with higher HE4 level was significantly shorter than those with lower HE4 level (P = 0.001). Multivariate Cox proportional hazard model analysis revealed that the pre-treatment serum HE4 level and residual tumor size were independent prognostic factors for overall survival (P = 0.044 and P = 0.048).

CONCLUSION
Pre-treatment serum HE4 level is a valuable prognostic factor for the overall survival in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer.


Internet of Drones (IoD) is the interconnection of unmanned aerial vehicles or drones deployed for collecting sensitive data to be used in critical applications. The drones transmit the collected data to the control room (CR) for analysis, while CR sends control commands to the drone to monitor their operations. This exchange of information between the drones and CR takes place through a wireless communication channel, which is susceptible to various security risks. Therefore, it is vital to ensure the confidentiality and integrity of such information in the IoD environment. To this end, authenticated key management (AKM) protocols can be leveraged to provide reliable and secure communication. However, due to the peculiarities associated with IoD environments, it is challenging to devise a robust and resource-efficient AKM protocol. To tackle this challenge, in this article, we propose a robust AKM protocol for IoD (RAMP-IoD). RAMP-IoD uses lightweight cryptography-based authenticated encryption primitive and elliptic-curve cryptography along with a hash function to perform the AKM process. Moreover, RAMP-IoD verifies the user's authenticity and then sets up a session key (SK) between the user and a specific drone for indecipherable communications. We verify the security of SK using the random oracle model. Scyther-based validation demonstrates that RAMP-IoD is protected against replay and man-in-the-middle attacks. Moreover, the informal analysis illustrates that RAMP-IoD is secure against various covert security attacks. Through a comparative study, we also demonstrate that RAMP-IoD provides enhanced security with low storage, communication, and computational overheads as compared to related AKM protocols.


The challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic are important and relevant for sustainable development. The aim of this chapter is to review the existing model of economic development, because the COVID-19 pandemic has called into question the effects of structural changes in the economy and manufacturing industry in Serbia. The main contribution of this chapter is the review of development results which show that Serbia is in the process of economic recovery, but that it has not yet embarked on the path of sustainable economic development due to numerous structural problems. Serbia has experience with unsustainable economic development, and this is a strong argument in favor of sustainable concept implementation. In addition, this chapter provides empirical research on structural and technological changes. The obtained results can be used by economic and industrial policy makers to influence the consequences of COVID-19 and to avoid the slowdown of structural reforms. There will be numerous economic, environmental, social, and especially health challenges whose solutions must be sustainable.


PurposeMoringa oleifera (MO) is a herbal remedy that is rich in essential amino acids and phytochemicals in the leaves, seeds and pods. It is becoming a famous food in various ethnic groups, and the consumption is increasing worldwide. However, there is no safety profile of the hydroalcoholic MO leaf extracts, or documented teratogenicity aspect. This study was sought to compare the antioxidant activity and the teratogenicity of hydroalcoholic MO leaf extracts in the zebrafish embryo.Design/methodology/approachMO leaves were extracted with aqueous alcohols (ethanol or methanol: water, 80:20 v/v) using the Soxhlet method. The antioxidant capacity was determined using DPPH assay. The concentrations of extracts ranging from 3 to 1,000 µg/mL were used to examine the toxicity and teratogenicity on the zebrafish embryo.FindingsBoth hydroalcoholic MO leaf extracts were positive for alkaloids, terpenoids, steroids, tannins, flavonoids, phenols, coumarins, quinones and glycosides, except saponins only absent in aqueous methanol extract. The antioxidant capacity based on lC50, was 15.92 ± 3.62 mg/mL for aqueous methanolic and 25.28 ± 2.89 mg/mL for aqueous ethanolic extract. For acute toxicity, the aqueous methanolic extract has lower LC50 (163.87 ± 12.88 µg/mL) compared to aqueous ethanolic extract (337.48 ± 30.04 µg/mL). The embryo treated with aqueous methanolic extract showed phenotypic defect but not on the aqueous ethanolic extract.Originality/valueThis study suggests that aqueous methanol of MO leaves extract has better antioxidant capacity compared to ethanol, and ethanolic leaf extract is safer (higher LC50 and no teratogenicity) than methanolic extract.


I. INTRODUCTION II. PROPERTY RIGHTS IN CHINA A. Development of "Modern" Property Law B. Major Changes Since 1978 III. CHINESE GOVERNMENT TAKING LAND IN PREPARATION FOR THE 2008 OLYMPICS AND CITIZENS' REACTIONS A. Chinese Citizens React in Protest to Land Grab B. The Process and Its Problems 1. The Current Procedure 2. Problems with the Current Procedure IV. PROPERTY RIGHTS UNDER INTERNATIONAL LAW A. Relevant International Agreements Containing Basic Property Rights that Bind China 1. Authority for Binding Signatories 2. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights 3. The ICESCR and ICCPR B. Chinese Land Reclamation Procedure and Practice Analyzed in Light of International Obligations 1. Right to Own Property 2. Right to Choose Residence and to Adequate Housing. 3. Depriving People of Their Own Means of Subsistence 4. Arbitrary Interference with Property 5. Unlawful Interference with Property C. Suggested Solutions 1. Ability to Effectively Contest Validity of Governmental Takings 2. Fair Compensation and the Ability to Effectively Contest the Amount 3. Enforcement V. CONCLUSION I. INTRODUCTION The lone Chinese student halting an advancing column of tanks during the 1989 Tiananmen Square Protests (1) is a familiar image in the international conscience. (2) Protests continue in China (3) today; however, the snapshot portraying the current situation might include a man standing in front of a bulldozer poised to destroy his home (4) instead of a tank sent to suppress a demonstration. Rather than denouncing China's political corruption and inflation, (5) recent protests decry forced evictions and demolition related to the 2008 Olympic Games. (6) The Olympic Committee's decision to select Beijing as the host for the 2008 Games could arguably reflect China's advancement in civil liberties. (7) In reality however, the decision has spurred a host of human rights violations. (8) Since accepting the Beijing bid, the Chinese government has destroyed many Chinese citizens' homes in order to make way for the upcoming Games. (9) These citizens have received little or no compensation and have had no effective way to contest the government's decision. (10) Because the Olympic Movement (11) has committed itself to high ideals (12) and the promotion of peace through competitive sport for more than a century, (13) its endorsement of Beijing, China is inapposite to its stated goals and offensive to human rights activism. The International Olympic Committee (IOC) is the supreme authority of the Olympic Movement and the body responsible for selecting which cities will host upcoming Olympic Games. (14) In 2001, fifty-six of the one hundred and five IOC members voted for Beijing. (15) Before casting their votes, IOC members reviewed a report written by the IOC Evaluation Commission, a subgroup of the Movement. (16) The Evaluation Commission is comprised of experts who visit and report on cities that pass the initial selection phase. The Commission assesses each city's ability to meet the basic technical requirements necessary to successfully host the Olympics. (17) Although the Commission is limited to evaluating technical capabilities, in its 2008 report it declared that "it is impossible to ignore the public debate on political issues such as human rights...." (18) The Commission said it would not address the human rights issue in detail other than to acknowledge its existence, but recommended IOC members reach their own conclusions regarding applicant countries' human rights abuses. (19) The IOC did reach a conclusion--Beijing won the 2008 Olympic bid. Such a decision implies the IOC members acknowledged the existence of human rights violations in China and ignored them. …


Stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) based distributed optical fiber sensors have been deployed in a myriad of potential applications. Recently, the characteristics of SBS in few-mode-fibers (FMFs) have been investigated for designing optical sensors of high selectivity. For example, monitoring SBS of the individual modes in a two-mode fiber (TMF) allows simultaneous sensing of temperature and strain. In optical communications, on contrary, SBS degrades the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and limits the channel capacity. We here experimentally measure the threshold power required to stimulate Brillouin scattering in an FMF when using different mode-pair combinations as pump and probe signals. In particular, we use mode-division-multiplexing (MDM) to launch different linearly-polarized (LP) modes into the both ends of a TMF. For each mode-pair, we gradually raise the pump power until observing the transition from spontaneous to stimulated Brillouin scattering. The results presented here are considerably important for designing efficient FMF-based optical communications/sensing system.


A branch of kinetic theory the lattice Boltzmann (LB) method has recently met with a remarkable success as a powerful alternative for solving the hydrodynamic Navier–Stokes equations, with applications ranging from large Reynolds number flows to flows at a micron scale, porous media, and multiphase flows see, e. g., [1–3] and references therein. The LB method solves a fully discrete kinetic equation for populations fα(x, t), designed in a way that it reproduces the Navier–Stokes equations in the hydrodynamic limit in D dimensions. Populations correspond to discrete velocities vα for α = 0, 1, ..., Q−1, which fit into a regular spatial lattice with the nodes x. This enables a simple and highly efficient algorithm based on (a) nodal relaxation and (b) streaming along the links of the regular spatial lattice. On the other hand, numerical stability of the LB method remains a critical issue [2]. Recalling the role played by the Boltzmann's H–theorem in enforcing macroscopic evolutionary constraints (the second law of thermodynamics), pertinent entropy functions have been proposed [4–8]. The full connection of LB to kinetic theory was established by the discrete-velocity analog of the Maxwellian (see Eq. (2) below).


© 2023 Indian Journal of Medical Research, published by Wolters Kluwer Medknow for Director-General, Indian Council of Medical Research Sir, The first positive test of COVID-19 in India was recorded on January 27, 2020 from Kerala1. Since then, more than 915.6 million samples have been tested and approximately 44.6 million positive cases identified, as of January 31, 20232. This was made possible by establishing an extensive network of COVID-19 diagnostic laboratories across the country. The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) has worked towards establishing or initiating the COVID-19 diagnostic services in various government and private laboratories, especially ramping up the existing Viral Research and Diagnostic Laboratories setup by the Department of Health Research (DHR), Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India (GoI) in the first half of 2020. As of February 2023, 3388 laboratories (government 1456 and private 1932) were involved in the diagnosis of COVID-19 by using molecular techniques including real-time reverse transcription (RT)-PCR, TruNAT, cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification test, RT-loopmediated isothermal amplification and CRISPR-Cas93. Most of these laboratories are situated in the urban areas, State headquarters or associated with medical colleges, and a few are in the rural areas. By the end of April 2020, the total number of diagnostic facilities for COVID-19 across the country was 3924. During these initial stages of the pandemic, there was no molecular diagnostic facility in the district of Palghar, Maharashtra, and the samples were being sent to the nearest facilities in Mumbai which were about 100-150 km away from various blocks of Palghar district. Moreover, the results were delayed due to the overburden of samples on the existing facilities in Mumbai.


The theory of incoherent nuclear resonant scattering of synchrotron radiation accompanied by absorption or emission of phonons in a crystal lattice is developed. The theory is based on the Maxwell's equations and time-dependent quantum mechanics under the condition of incoherent scattering of radiation by various nuclei. A concept of coherence in scattering processes, properties of the synchrotron radiation, and conditions of measurement are discussed. We show that employing the monochromator with a narrow bandwidth plays a decisive role.


The Ni3Al (L12) intermetallic compound after boron doping becomes ductile. It is argued that grain-boundary segregation is not the only cause of the increase in ductility. It is pointed out that the L12 structure undergoes transformation to D022 during deformation, and during the deformation of this D022 structure the material fails. With the addition of boron, the stability of the L12 structure is enhanced with respect to D022 and slows the transformation rate. Therefore the nucleation and propagation of cracks become inhibited. Numerous experimental observations have been explained with the proposed mechanism.


We introduce the main concepts of a bio-inspired calculus for describing 3D shapes moving in a space. Each shape contains a timed CCS-like process specifying an internal behaviour based on shapedependent channels and splitting actions. Interactions among such entities, called 3D processes, are collision-driven, i.e. collisions are detected and resolved yielding bounces or joining of 3D compatible processes. We discuss how the features of the calculus can be used to model biological processes, for instance biochemical reactions.


The presence of anti leptospiral agglutinins (microscopic agglutination test - MAT) and DNA of leptospires was investigated in the kidney and urine (Polymerase Chain Reaction - PCR) in samples collected at the time of slaughter of cattle originating from the dairy basin of Parnaiba, Piaui, Brazil, as also the lesions in kidney, lung, liver, uterus, ovary and placenta (histopathology and immunohistochemistry). In the MAT, Hardjo was the predominant serovar with the highest number of reagent animals for the strain Hardjobovis/Sponselee. Anti-leptospiral antigens were scored in epithelial cells, interstitial vascular endothelium, endothelium of glomerular capillaries and Bowman's capsule of 20 positive animals. Inflammatory cells were more common in the kidney. PCR was positive in urine and kidney tissue


Evidence of milk and meat overreplacement young cattle fattening role increase necessity to high weight characteristics (500... 600 kg) are stated in the article. Under conditions of significant breeding stock reducing it is the only one way to make better realization of meat potential of animal productivity and to increase beef production.


In the title complex, [Mn(C22H18N2O4)Cl], the MnIII centre is in a distorted square-pyramidal configuration, with the basal plane formed by the N2O2 donors of the tetradentate Schiff base dianion; the two phenolate O atoms and the two imine N atoms are each mutually cis. The chloride ion occupies the apical position. The dihedral angle between the two outer phenolate rings of the tetradentate Schiff base ligand is 16.44 (9)°. The central benzene ring makes dihedral angles of 10.64 (9) and 25.17 (10)° with the two outer phenolate rings. In the crystal structure, weak C—H⋯O and C—H⋯Cl interactions link the molecules into wave-like face-to-face double layers along the c direction. A π–π interaction involving the two outer phenolate rings is observed, the centroid–centroid distance being 3.743 (11) Å.


With a view to the significant effect of the complexant in trivalent chromium plating bath on the stability of the bath and plating rate,the roles of the complexants(e.g.,carboxylic acid,hydroxyl substituted carboxylic acid,amino substituted carboxylic acid and their salts) in the trivalent chromium bath were summarized.It was pointed out the roles of the complexing agents could be briefed as the follows.First,they were capable of increasing the electrodepositing rate by way of forming active complexing ions.Secondly,they were able to retard the hydroxo-bridge polymerization reaction.Thirdly,they were able to shelter metallic impurities and hence decrease the effects of the metallic impurities on the quality of the electroplating and maintain smooth ongoing of the electroplating process.Finally,they were capable of increasing the stabilities of the electroplating solution.Specifically,it was imperative to select proper complexing agent capable of forming active complexed ions so as to ensure smooth chromium electroplating and obtain quality and thick chromium electroplating.


This article explores perceptions of local philanthropic foundations situated in community-based initiative (CBI) policies that aim to achieve educational goals through the establishment of collaborative connections between schools and multiple local actors. Although roles of philanthropy in public education are controversial, scholars have yet to rigorously consider the specific local context of CBIs. We aim to help fill this research gap by investigating the main collective orientations that underlie actions of local foundations in German CBIs. Based on semi-structured interviews with chairpersons in a south German municipality, we examine patterns of experience and attitude through application of the documentary method. The reconstructed collective orientations allow for the identification of four primary roles of philanthropy in CBIs. Notably, the addition of an advocacy role relocates a phenomenon that was previously identified as a disruptive element at a (supra-)national level. These roles suggest potential for philanthropy to engage in local education policy-making. As such, they pose pressing questions that need to be addressed by public authorities and regulators.


A comparison between the finite Dyson-type and the infinite Holstein-Primakoff-type boson expansion is presented, considering both particle-hole and pairing type excitations. The significance of truncating to the truly collective branches is emphasized, and the convergence of the Holstein-Primakoff expansion is discussed. It is shown that in both expansions there is no need to construct physical basis states. Complete equivalence between the two types of expansion is exhibited by treating these excitations within models which are schematic but not totally unrealistic.


Terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) has become one of the potential technologies for an object three- dimensional (3D) information acquisition. The using vibration analysis for early detection of cracks has gained popularity over the years and in the last decade substantial progress has been made in that direction. However, the crack detection using TLS is also a good method. In the experimental part of this study, the effect of crack width and location on modal properties of the beam was investigated. The recent paper provides a method for automatic concrete cracks detection from the data that was obtained by TLS. The method of cracks detection is achieved by six steps. The objective of this study is to analyze the crack of concrete beams both experimentally and using MATLAB analysis. Besides this, information about the width, location and percentage of cracks in cracked concrete beams can be obtained using this technique. Copyright © 2015 IFSA Publishing, S. L.


The paper presents results on factorization of matrices describing objects and their fuzzy attributes. Entries of the matrices are truth degrees, e.g., numbers from the real unit interval [0, 1]. In general, matrix entries can be elements from a complete residuated lattice. We propose a novel method to factorize such matrices which is based on using so-called formal concepts as factors. To factorize an n times m object-attribute matrix I means to decompose I into a product A omicron B of an n times k object-factor matrix A and an k times m factor-attribute matrix B. In addition, we want the number k of factors as small as possible. The product o we consider in this paper is the well-known product corresponding to max-t-norm composition of fuzzy relations. We focus on theoretical analysis of the method we propose. We prove several results, e.g., a result which says that our method provides the best factorization in that it leads to the smallest number of factors. In addition, we present an illustrative example.


[Objective] The aim was to select the black tea extract with high activity.[Method] With black tea of Dajiling in India as raw material,it was extracted by the ethyl acetate after extraction with boiled distilled water,and then the extract was separated in column chromatography;with EGCG,TP,TF,TFMG,TFDG as CK,the ester extract of black tea was made for the experiment on the activity of total antioxidation(T-AOC),and scavenging of OH·,O2-· and DPPH·The LSD method was adopted to compare and analyze the bioactivity significance between black tea extract and the control ones.[Result] The ester extract of black tea could be separated initially and effectively by using Sephadex LH-20,95% ethanol and acetone with different concn.The antioxidant activity in many peak components in the extract was extremely higher than that in EGCG and CK of Theaflavins class.T-AOC and ability of scavenging free radical were different among different peak components and that were not identical among the same peak components.[Conclusion] For the activity of black tea extract that was better than that of control ones,it was necessary to further definite its configuration and other properties through LC/MS,NMR and etc.


Quality in the entertainment industry must be maintained in order for companies in the field to survive. Investigates some of the largest entertainment companies to see how they maintain quality for the consumer. The investigation was done through on‐site interviews, phone interviews and a location visit. Although some companies define quality in different ways, gives strong evidence that quality is being maintained and is an important part of each company's existence.


Objectives  This study aims to further elucidate the role of adrenergic transmission in erection and to highlight whether adrenergic transmission in the penis modulates sildenafil's action.


In the search for constant and variable features of genre we use some philosophical approaches. The main difficulties and contradictions are found at the formal functional level and are removed by the higher level of abstracting and limited typologization of humanitarian objects according to world-view (axiological) criterion (seeV. Mushich-Gromyko).


Chlorine and molecular hydrogen are known to be tightly linked together in the cold phase of the local interstellar medium through rapid chemical reactions. We present here the first systematic study of this relation at high redshifts using H$_2$-bearing damped Ly$\alpha$ systems (DLAs) detected along quasar lines of sight. Using high-resolution spectroscopic data from VLT/UVES and Keck/HIRES, we report the detection of Cl$\,$I in 9 DLAs (including 5 new detections) out of 18 high-$z$ DLAs with $N($H$_2) \ge 10^{17.3}\,$cm$^{-2}$ (including a new H$_2$ detection at $z=3.09145$ towards J$\,$2100$-$0641) and present upper limits for the remaining 9 systems. We find a $\sim$5$\,\sigma$ correlation between $N$(Cl$\,$I) and $N$(H$_2$) with only $\sim$0.2$\,$dex dispersion over the range 18.1$\,<\,$log$\,N$(H$_2$)$\,<\,$20.1, thus probing column densities 10 times lower those seen towards nearby stars, roughly following the relation $N$(Cl$\,$I$) \approx 1.5\times10^{-6} \times N($H$_2)$. This relation between column densities is surprisingly the same at low and high redshift suggesting that the physical and chemical conditions are similar for a given H$_2$ (or Cl$\,$I) column density. In turn, the $N({Cl$\,$I})/N({\rm H_2})$ ratio is found to be uncorrelated with the overall metallicity in the DLA. Our results confirm that neutral chlorine is an excellent tracer of molecule-rich gas and show that the molecular fraction or/and metallicity in the H$_2$-bearing component of DLA could possibly be much higher than the line-of-sight average values usually measured in DLAs.


In 1846, Gardner in a most adequate paper described from Sri Lanka what he considered to be a new genus and species of Chloranthaceae, Sarcandra chloranthoides. Almost all later authors included it in Chloranthus brachystachys Bl., now correctly known as Sarcandra glabra (Thunb.) Nakai, a species widely distributed in Malesia, China, Indo-China and Japan. This course was still followed by Swamy & Bailey in an exhaustive study of the family, from which they decided that Gardner's genus was indeed quite distinct for a number of reasons, not the least being the absence of vessels in the xylem. They recognised two species in their paper, namely S. glabra and S. hainanensis (P'ei) Swamy and Bailey (from China, Hainan Is.), but Swamy also annotated some material at Kew as a new species. Included in this material is a specimen Walker 207 from Sri Lanka which is certainly authentic material, if not an isotype, of Gardner's species. Later Swamy described this third species apparently not realising that it could be nothing but S. chloranthoides of Gardner which presumably he thought was to be treated as a synonym of S. glabra (Thunb.) Nakai as in fact had been the custom for over a century. Subramanyam & Henry have perpetuated the error by taking up a Miquel name which is, however, still much later than Gardner's. The correct name for the species is of course that originally given to it by Gardner.


Risk-averse optimism provides a parsimonious explanation of simultaneous purchase of unfairly-priced insurance and unfairly-priced lottery tickets. The simplicity of this approach contrasts with the complexity of prospect theory.


The Lewis acid-mediated cleavage of chiral cyclic acetals is a useful synthetic tool for the asymmetric synthesis of C-C bonds. [1] Specifically, one of the most widely used methods for the formation of C-glycosides involves a glycosidic acetal, a Lewis acid and a carbon nucleophile. [2] The reaction goes through an cyclic oxocarbenium ion which undergoes the nucleophile attack in a stereoelectronically controlled mode to provide the product with a high stereoselectivity. [3-5] Conformational effects have been invoked to explain the stereoselective reactions of substituted five-membered-ring oxocarbenium ions (Figure 1a). [4]


Sanitary napkins have very low penetration in India, partly due to un-affordability and partly due to use of unhygienic old cloth pieces.1,2 As a result they suffer from infections. This is due to lack of awareness and economic inability for adopting better precautions like use of good sanitary napkins during menstruation period. Usually different varieties of sanitary napkins are found available in the market but they are very expensive and are not affordable for rural & underprivileged women and girls. The author has witnessed several materials which a woman used during menstruation to prevent soiling of clothes.


A field experiment was carried out during kharif 2001 to 2003 to assess the economic performance of sesame, hybrid cotton and castor in sole and intercropping system. Intercrops cotton and castor were grown between sesame rows in different ratios. All intercropping systems of sesame + cotton had higher total productivity in terms of sesame equivalent yield, net return, return repee−1 invested and income equivalent ratio (IER) than all the sole crops and sesame + castor intercropping systems. However, maximum advantage was obtained from sowing of 3 rows of sesame and 1 row of cotton.


After 30 years for fiber sensors are a commercial reality. Specialty Fibers lie at the heart of FOG, hydrophones, geophones and current sensors. This paper tracks their development and emphasises their differences from conventional fibers.


Semiconductor manufacturing requires many process steps performed by highly unreliable equipment. Such unreliability causes the means and variances of its cycle times to be generally larger than those of other industries. In addition, it makes the yields uncertain. While making the order quotation and calculating production plan, the safety stock must be used to guard against the uncertainty of the manufacturing processes to increase the on-time-delivery ratio and to provide better customer services. The randomness of cycle times and yields are the two major sources of the output uncertainty. Formerly, Hung [1991] proposed a method capable of obtaining the output lot distribution at a particular time on the planning horizon. The distribution could be obtained by using the production rate and the cycle time distribution which are readily available from the manufacturing database. However, the method does not adequately consider the yield uncertainty. While extending that method, this paper employs a simple variance calculation formula to incorporate the yield uncertainty when computing the variance of total good die output. After calculating this variance for a particular product at a particular time, the necessary safety stock for that die type at that time can be obtained.


A color reaction of nitrate with 2,6-dimethylphenol w as studied. In the medium of sulphuric acid and phosphoric acid, nitrate of waste water reacted with 2,6-dimethylphenol to form a stable complex 4-nitro-2,6-d imethylphenol.Beer's law was obeyed in the concentration range of 0~20 mg/L. The method was applied to determinating the wastewater, raw water, surface water an d drinking water with satisfactory results.


For ordinals ?, s, and ?, the expression ??(s, ?)2 means there is a partition of the pairs from ?, [?]2=?0??1 such that for any X??, if the order type of X is s then [X]2??0 and if the order type of X is ? then [X]2??1. It is shown that if ?<?1 is multiplicatively decomposable, then ???(??, n)2 for n=4 or n=6, depending on the degree of decomposability of ?.


This paper aims to analyze William Godwin's Caleb Williams from the view that the three main characters, Caleb Williams, Tyrrel, and Falkland, allegorically represent three different ideas: Caleb, rationalistic enlightenment, Tyrrel, medieval chivalry, and Falkland, sophisticated and modernized chivalry. The three characters dramatize rivalry and the drama represents the conflicts among the different ideas for dominance. While the narrative develops with the allegorical implications, the author faces the problem of how to end the narrative. Since the author started the narrative with his own preference to one idea, he needs to push the narrative to the extreme. However, as the work aimed to spread the author's political idea to the public, such an ending would not fit for the planned purpose. That explains why the author finishes the narrative with a sudden exchange of forgiveness and reconciliation. It becomes important whether the act of forgiveness is well performed to persuade the readers who face the sudden change of narrative direction. This paper analyzes the function of forgiveness as a means of ending the conflict and also the narrative itself.


Pseudo relevance feedback is empirically known as a useful method for enhancing retrieval performance. For example, we can apply the Rocchio method, which is well-known relevance feedback method, to the results of an initial search by assuming that the top-ranked documents are relevant a priori. In this paper, for searching NTCIR-3 patent test collection through pseudo feedback, we try to employ two relevance feedback mechanism; (1) the Rocchio method, and (2) a new method that is based on Taylor formula of linear search functions. The test collection consists of near 700,000 records including full text of Japanese patent materials. Unfortunately, effectiveness of our pseudo feedback methods was not empirically observed at all in the experiment. One of the reasons may be that all words from the documents to be assumed as relevant were used without any selection process.


Maxillary dentoalveolar protrusion is a dentoskeletal deformity, which is characterized by an over projected segment of alveolar bone and upper incisors.1 The purpose of this study is to report the treatment of patients with Class II deformities associated with a protrusive dentoalveolar segment, maxillary vertical excess and a deficient growth of the chin. The surgical procedures with horizontal maxillary osteotomies were made with segmentary Lefort I, in 2, 3 or 4 pieces, with no palatal incisions in attempt to preserve vascular supply of all osseous segments; also, bilateral sagital osteotomies of mandibular ramus and sliding (advancement) osteotomy of the chin were made. Twenty cases, treated by the same surgeon at ISSSTE (Hospital Regional «Gral. Ignacio Zaragoza») in Mexico City, from march 2002 to august 2006 are presented, with satisfactory results in soft and hard tissues, improving esthetics and function in all cases.


Abstract A locality with boulder depressions, sorted fields, stripes and nets has been mapped (Fig. 2). Some other localities with supposed periglacial boulder accumulations are briefly mentioned. The area is situated just south of the central Swedish terminal moraines and the objects described are supposed to be of Younger Dryas age.


The development of information technology gives two sides of the coin in the dynamic in human life, whether positive or negative, also transactions in cosmetic and psychotropic daringly, if it is not given supervision closely, it can cause losses to the consumers. The research question is how does law reviewing online spreading medicines give law protection. This research uses using the normative juridical method with a legislations approach. The result of this research is that there is a necessity for regulation that can give protection to consumers on an online transaction basis, especially relating to drugs, cosmetics, and psychotropic spreading, so there are no losses for the consumer through product and absolute manufacturer responsibilities if it is causing losses to the consumer. The role of pharmacists and BPOM in controlling the drugs and cosmetic spreading before they spread to the marketplace.


Vancomycin resistant enterococci (VRE) causes health-care related infections such as endocarditis, meningitis, bacteremia, Septicemia and gastrointestinal tract infections in immunocompromised patients. VRE are emerging therapeutic dilemma due to high resistance against commonly used antibiotics including vancomycin. The present study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of VRE in clinical samples isolated from three tertiary care hospitals in Islamabad and Rawalpindi. A total of 106 enterococci (Enterococcus faecalis, 52; Enterococcus faecium, 54) were isolated during April-September 2009. Out of 106, 54 (50.94%) isolates were resistant to vancomycin as determined by disc diffusion test and culturing on ChromID VRE agar. Maximum and minimum resistance was found against cefotaxime (100%) and teicoplanin (18.86%), respectively. The results showed that teicoplanin is the drug of choice as lowest resistance was observed against this antibiotic as compared to other antibiotics. The MIC of VRE isolates ranged between >4mg/L and ≥512 mg/L for cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, doxycycline and vancomycin. The high rate of VRE isolation from clinical samples and their resistance to multiple antibiotics suggests a rapid spread of resistance among Enterococci alongwith an emerging shift in VRE distribution.


A reciprocal treatment device (100). The reciprocal treatment device (100) includes a battery, a motor (106), a trigger (104), an actuated output (108), and a treatment structure (304). The trigger (104) is in electrical communication with the battery and the motor (106). The trigger (104) selectively provides power from the battery to the motor (106). The actuated output (108) is operatively connected to the motor (106) and configured to reciprocate in response to activation of the motor (106). The treatment structure (304) is operatively connected to the actuated output (108).


Following the innovative spirit derived from implementation of the European Higher Education Area and using an online learning environment (Campus Virtual-UCM), the bases for the implantation of a b-learning system have been developed. The students of "Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Therapeutic" of the Veterinary Medicine degree will be able to consult, organized by thematic modules, educational material to learn in an active way the contents of this core subject. The tools that shape this system present diverse purposes and formats: formatives (scripts, presentations, videos, problems); communicatives (forum to exchanging of ideas, doubts or initiatives and notices); assessments (autoevaluations for the pupils and surveys on the usefulness of the own tool). The idea is that students are the managers of their own learning. For it, they have the support of a virtual tool (Virtual


Structural defects are ubiquitous for polycrystalline perovskite films, compromising device performance and stability. Herein, a universal method is developed to overcome this issue by incorporating halide perovskite quantum dots (QDs) into perovskite polycrystalline films. CsPbBr3 QDs are deposited on four types of halide perovskite films (CsPbBr3, CsPbIBr2, CsPbBrI2, and MAPbI3) and the interactions are triggered by annealing. The ions in the CsPbBr3 QDs are released into the thin films to passivate defects, and concurrently the hydrophobic ligands of QDs self‐assemble on the film surfaces and grain boundaries to reduce the defect density and enhance the film stability. For all QD‐treated films, PL emission intensity and carrier lifetime are significantly improved, and surface morphology and composition uniformity are also optimized. Furthermore, after the QD treatment, light‐induced phase segregation and degradation in mixed‐halide perovskite films are suppressed, and the efficiency of mixed‐halide CsPbIBr2 solar cells is remarkably improved to over 11% from 8.7%. Overall, this work provides a general approach to achieving high‐quality halide perovskite films with suppressed phase segregation, reduced defects, and enhanced stability for optoelectronic applications.


PCR-SSCP was applied to detect single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of exon 10 of the follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) gene for 173 goats (Capra hircus), including Xinong Sanen Dairy goat, Guangzhong goat, Shaannan White goat, Angera and Boer goat breeds. The results demonstrated monopolymorphism. After sequenced, goat FSHR gene exon10 DNA sequence was firstly acquired ( GenBank Accession No.DQ069909 and DQ069910). DNA sequence analysis showed that molecular mechanism of monopolymorphism was probably due to no nucleotide mutation from C to T or other mutations in 120th nucleotide position. Comparing nucleotide sequences of FSHR gene exon 10 for goat, sheep (Ovisaries L) and bovine (Bos Taurus), the maximal similarity and the minimal divergence was 99.3% and 3.4%, respectively. The molecular phylogenetic tree of goat, sheep and bovine constructed by FSHR gene exon 10 sequences showed that individuals within species were clustered together, respectively; Sheep and goat had the nearest relative relationship, and then clustered with bovine. The result implies that FSHR gene exon 10 sequence is suitable for constructing molecular phylogenetic tree among species.


In this work copper oxide lms (Cu2O) were grown by pulsed laser deposition. The lms were analyzed by X-ray di raction and their thickness by using pro lometer while the UV-VIS absorption spectra were recorded by using UV-VIS spectrometer. Pulsed Nd:YAG laser was used with varying its pulse energy, with distance between target and substrate 1 cm, and substrate temperature at room temperature, vacuum pressure was xed at 6 × 10−2 mbar, number of pulses = 1000. The optical properties of as-grown lm like energy gap has been measured experimentally and the e ects of laser pulse energy on it were studied. There is linear relation between energy gap and pulse energy. The speci c energy gap of Cu2O lm can be controlled by changing laser pulse energy and xing other pulsed laser deposition parameter such as substrate temperature, distance between target and substrate, background pressure and number of pulses.


In this paper we derive a probabilistic representation of the deterministic 3-dimensional Navier--Stokes equations in the presence of spatial boundaries. The formulation in the absence of spatial boundaries was done by the authors in [Comm. Pure Appl. Math. 61 (2008) 330--345]. While the formulation in the presence of boundaries is similar in spirit, the proof is somewhat different. One aspect highlighted by the formulation in the presence of boundaries is the nonlocal, implicit influence of the boundary vorticity on the interior fluid velocity.


Data obtained from subordinate-supervisor dyads (N ¼ 314) of a large manufacturing company in South Korea were used to test a moderated mediation model of the processes linking person-organization (P-O) fit and employee work attitudes and behaviors. The results revealed that the influence of P-O fit on work attitudes and behaviors was indirect through perceived social exchange with organization. In addition, the relationship between P-O fit and perceived social exchange with organization was moderated by leader-member exchange (LMX) quality. Specifically, a high-quality LMX enhanced the positive effects of P-O fit on perceived social exchange with organization.


Recent advances innanomaterials permit the improvement ofdielectric characteristics ofceramic / polymers nanocomposites. Inaddition, itisrecognized thatincorporation of nanofillers improves the mechanical, chemical, optical, acoustic, andthermal properties of polymers. Voltageendurance and electrical breakdown strength ofdielectrics wereeven enhanced withsomenanometric particles. Nevertheless, thepreferred filler typeandconsistent improvement in thebreakdown strength intheresulting nanocomposites arenotwellunderstood. Inthispaper, theeffect of various fillers (metal, semiconductor andinsulator) was studied showing theweakrelationship ofbreakdown strength withthebandgapofthenanoceramic fillers. Published dataondielectric constant andbreakdown strength ofvarious dielectrics wasanalyzed fromthe viewpoint ofenergy bandgap.Theresults showthat interfacial interaction oftheceramic particle-polymer appears tobeveryimportant totheelectrical breakdown ofthenanocomposites. An engineered nanodielectric structure isproposed forhigher permittivity and dielectric breakdown strength. Lacking ofcontrol ofthis interface andstructural order atmesoscopic level is subjected to fundamental limitations of the nanodielectric engineering.


One-day-old broiler chicks were treated with cecal microbiota cultivated under aerobiose conditions, frozen during 90, 200, 290 and 360 days and associated with different cryoprotectors such as sucrose, trehalose, DMSO and glycerol. Subsequently, the birds were challenged with Salmonella Enteritidis in order to determine the efficacy of the different treatments in relation to the quantity of viable bacteria, which was higher at 90 days when treated with sucrose (10.58 log10 CFU/ml) and lower at 290 days when treated with glycerol (7.73 log10 CFU/ml). The quantity of infected birds was 100% in 0 time, when the cecal colonization by S. Enteritidis was 4.9 and 5.2 log10 CFU/g of cecal content, respectively treated with DMSO and glycerol. No bird was infected at 360 days, irrespectively of the treatment. In all treatments, the cecal microbiota always determined a lesser quantity of S. Enteritidis for all the studied parameters compared to non-treated birds. Frozen in liquid nitrogen was effective in maintaining the viability of cecal microbiota during the experimental period of 360 days.


THE INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION SKILL LEVEL OF THE 2018'S GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS AND ITS IMPLICATION ON "SELF-TRANSFORMATION" CLASSROOM GUIDANCE Stefanus Bagas Setyawan Sanata Dharma University Yogyakarta, 2019 This research was a quantitative descriptive study that aimed to get an exact measurement of the interpersonal communication skills level of the 2018's Guidance and Counseling Study Program undergraduate students and the measurement items of interpersonal communication skills which score are identified as low. The subjects of this study were 78 students of the 2018's Guidance and Counseling Study Program students in Sanata Dharma University. The data collection technique used was in the form of a questionnaire that compiled by the researcher. The questionnaire consisted of 46 items compiled based on aspects of interpersonal communication elaborated by Maulana & Gumelar (2013), namely: (1) Openness, (2) Empathy, (3) Supporting Attitudes, (4) Positive Attitudes, (5) Equality. Data analysis technique used in this study took from the categorization of Azwar (2009). The interpersonal communication of the 2018's Guidance and Counseling Study Program undergraduate students was described using 5 categories, namely: "very good", "good", "moderate", "bad", and "very bad". The results of this study indicate that there are 25 students (32.05%) who have "very high" interpersonal communication skills, 50 students (64.10%) who have "high" interpersonal communication skills, 3 students (3.84%) who have "moderate" interpersonal communication skills, and no student has "low" or "very low" interpersonal communication skills. Based on these results it can be concluded that the 2018's Guidance and Counseling Study Program undergraduate students in Sanata Dharma University have good interpersonal communication skills.


This paper describes an approach to verifying UML activity diagrams with model check techniques. Firstly, we define converting rules of the activity elements such as fork, joint, branch and merge into EHA. During this process, we handle the control of the actions, the creation of the hierarchy of the EHA and the change of the action states. Secondly, we describe the PROMELA framework generated for the UML activity diagrams containing the above elements. The paper is structured as followings. The second section of the paper explains the principles of the model checking with SPIN and the UML activity diagram. Section 3 describes the conversions from the UML activity diagram to the EHA model and the PROMELA model. Section 4 describes the modeling process of the dining-philosophers problem and the result of simulating the model with SPIN. The paper is ended with the conclusions and future work.


Artocarpus integrifolia L. F., economically an important medicinal plant because of its healing properties in treating multiple health disorders.The present study was intended to analyze anti-radical properties as well as phytochemical constituents of both stem and leaf extract of A. integrifolia. A. integrifolia (150 g) leaves were shade dried and extracted by double maceration technique via two polar solvent i.e. methanol and ethanol. Phytochemical screening and determination of phenolics and flavonoids was done by Folin–Ciocalteu reagent and aluminium chloride colorimetric methods. Radical scavenging activity of plant extracts were estimated by means of 2, 2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl assay. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents of both stem and leaf extract of A. integrifolia were assessed to determine the effect of Total phenolic content and Total flavonoid contents on the antioxidant activity of this plant. The result obtained from current study showed that both methanolic and ethanolic plant extracts showed presence of major classes of phytochemicals. Phenolic and flavonoids contents (1.39±0.00 & 0.93±0.05) were significantly higher in leaf extract as compared to stem using ethanol as a solvent. Both stem and leaf extract possessed significant scavenging potential in reference to used standard BHT and Vitamin E. Hence conclude that among the two parts tested A. integrifolia leaves contained maximum phytochemicals, antioxidant, phenolics and flavonoid compounds.


Author(s): Dupont, Maxime; Laflorencie, Nicolas; Lemarie, Gabriel | Abstract: Building on large-scale quantum Monte Carlo simulations, we investigate the zero-temperature phase diagram of hard-core bosons in a random potential on site-centered Cayley trees with branching number $K=2$. In order to follow how the Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) is affected by the disorder, we focus on both the zero-momentum density, probing the quantum coherence, and the one-body density matrix (1BDM) whose largest eigenvalue monitors the off-diagonal long-range order. We further study its associated eigenstate which brings useful information about the real-space properties of this leading eigenmode. Upon increasing randomness, we find that the system undergoes a quantum phase transition at finite disorder strength between a long-range ordered BEC state, fully ergodic at large scale, and a new disordered Bose glass regime showing conventional localization for the coherence fraction while the 1BDM displays a non-trivial algebraic vanishing BEC density together with a non-ergodic occupation in real-space. These peculiar properties can be analytically captured by a simple toy-model on the Cayley tree which provides a physical picture of the Bose glass regime.


A model for the time behaviour of the internal bias field determined by dipole orientation of the transition metaloxygen vacancy type is presented. The measurements of a coarse grained BaTiO3 ceramic doped with 0.5 mol% Cr (grain size about 50μm, density 96%) show that the computer calculations describe satisfactorily the observed build up of the internal bias field vs, time and temperature, as well as the "hysteresis relaxation",1 i.e. the reduction of the internal bias field by an ac-treatment.


1. Introduction 2. Helping: Definitions and Purpose 3. Activities within the Helping Relationship 4. The Helping Context 5. The Young Person-Focused Approach 6. Helping Skills and Strategies 7. SIM: The Helping Process


The present research aims to synthesize the HA/YSZ composite and to formulate HA/YSZ-GIC for improving the fluoride release of the set cement. Experiments were performed by mixture design (MD) method, and data analysis was carried out by minitab 14 software. The results showed that the combination of 25.891wt.% HA, 70.246wt.% ZrO2 and 3.86wt.% Y2O3 has desirable fluoride release profile. Combination of HA/YSZ-GIC in the optimized formulation improved the fluoride release from 7 ppm to 18 ppm after immesrsion for 56 days.


Hemangiopericytoma (HPC) is an extremely rare aggressive tumor of mesenchymal origin, which constitutes less than 1% of primary tumors of the central nervous system. Typically it occurs in young adults (mean age at diagnosis 30-50 years). Initially described as gemmangiomas, was first called hemangiopericytoma in 1942 but it was considered as a variant of meningioma until 1993 when it was finally recognized as a distinct clinical-pathological entity by the World Health Organization (WHO). In 2016, there was the unification of both HPC and Solitary Fibrous Tumor (SFT) in a single spectrum of rare and thick mesenchymal tumors due to the identification, in both tumoral types, of a molecular alteration called NAB2-STAT6 fusion.

 The present study is a case series of patients that received a pathological diagnosis of SFT/HPC at our Institute from 1981 to 2020. Clinical data included: demographic data, tumor characteristics and treatment modality. Hystological diagnosis and immunohistochemistry allowed to confirm diagnosis, based on the 2016 WHO classification. Haematoxylin staining was completed with immunohistochemistry with primary antibodies for STAT 6 and evaluation of presence of tumor necrosis. Statistical analysis was conducted considering age at first diagnosis, treatment modality, extent of tumor resection, presence of necrosis in histological analysis compared to PFS-1, OS and relapses number.

 The case series was composed by 82 patients (46 men and 36 women) with median age of 43 (± 20) that accede to our Institute from 1981 to 2020. Our statistical analysis showed significative correlation between age, extend of tumor resection and presence of necrosis with OS and relapses number.

 Hemangiopericytoma is a very rare cerebral tumors, and for this reason large case series are not disposable in literature. In our study we collected all disposable data of every patient with pathological diagnosis of SFT/HPC acceded to our hospital in the long period of 39 years in the aim to verify the presence of significative correlations. We observed strong correlation between tumor resection and presence of necrosis in tumor tissue with prognosis parameters (OS and number of relapses). This result it could be important to conduct the decisional process about treatment after surgical resection, considering also pathological features, rather than only surgical resection.


Demographic changes in the United States over the past 20 years (i.e., the aging of the baby boomers) should have led to an increase in church attendance. However, church attendance patterns during this period have remained relatively stable. It is suggested that this is only possible if (1) baby boomers are not attending church with greater frequency as they age ; (2) age effects are being offset by period effects moving in the opposite direction (a secularization hypothesis) ; or (3) age effects are being offset through a process of intergenerational exchange whereby younger cohorts throughout their life course attend church less frequently than older cohorts. These three possibilities are tested using Bayesian cohort analysis and the General Social Survey data set. Results support the third explanation. The gains associated with the aging of the baby boomers appear to be primarily offset by cohort effects. Specifically, pre-WWII cohorts attend church far more frequently than post-WWII cohorts. Therefore, as members of these older cohorts die and are replaced by younger cohorts, church attendance decreases, thereby offsetting any gains in attendance associated with the shifting age structure of the U.S. population.


The clinical application of new genetic knowledge about inherited predisposition to breast cancer raises many questions which psychologists are well placed to address. There are large margins of uncertainty around the information which people can be given about their personal risk of developing breast cancer based on their family history of this common disease. The effectiveness of available strategies for early detection or prevention of breast cancer has yet to be proven among younger (age<50 years) women at increased risk of the disease. Research in this area is in its infancy. Available data are reviewed to highlight the issues for future psychological research and the areas of need for clinical psychology services. This new genetic knowledge offers the potential for reducing the future mortality and morbidity associated with breast cancer. The challenge lies in organizing services in such a way as to provide information, appropriate to the level of risk, which the lay public can understand and use to make informed health care choices. A further challenge lies in minimizing the potential adverse psychological consequences for individuals and their families. Empirical data are need to inform policy and practice. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


A new method is used to design a power semiconductor device which combines IGBT switching and thyristor on-state characteristics. A single gate signal controls the switching and triggers the transitions between the IGBT and thyristor modes of operation. The design of single-gated devices with multiple modes and aspects of their switching behaviour are discussed.


Buildings account for 40% of the energy consumption and more than 50% of the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions worldwide. Various building energy efficiency policies have been issued in many cities around the U.S., requiring the disclosure of buildings' energy performance and encourage building owners to take this information into consideration for retrofit investment decisions. However, various types of building information at different scales are meant to be collected and disclosed with costs that have substantial variations accordingly. Hence, complying with these policies is expensive and time-consuming for both government agencies and building owners. This paper proposes a non-intrusive and scalable data-driven approach to automatically capture energy-critical building characteristics to declare energy benchmarking or retrofitting policies. This approach first integrated open city datasets (building-related) and identified principal building variables in relation to energy performance indexes (i.e., electricity usage), then utilized transfer learning to retrain deep learning models on building facade images (retrieved from google street view) to extract their corresponding principal building variables. To elaborate, given a fully captured façade image of any building, this approach provides the data values for the identified principal variables (e.g., for a façade image given as an input, the outputs will include buildingType = Office). The best accuracy of the extraction model exceeds 80% in extracting building types from images, which indicates that the model is capable of extracting data values for the principal building variables that are essential for energy performance of buildings.


The background for this article is the author's consulting activity during the last few years in various European countries. It outlines a procedure of systematic analysis for successfully meeting threats from currency turmoil. Almost all businesses are affected by currency uncertainties, but few have developed the expertise to optimize their situations. This article describes how it can be done economically and efficiently.


In this paper, alumina ceramics were prepared with alumina powder and lanthanum nitrate. The influence of La2O3 on the microstructure and properties of alumina ceramics were studied. The result showed that the addition of La2O3 contributed to the mechanical property of the samples. The alumina ceramics with adding of 0.05wt% La2O3 sintered at 1490°C had the best mechanical properties. And the flexural strength, fracture toughness of the ceramics could reach 571.902MPa and 5.82MPa•m1/2,which were improved by 37.55% and 10.65% respectively compared with the alumina ceramics without La2O3. Besides, the average grain size of alumina ceramic is about 2.8μm, and the effect of inhibition on grain growth of alumina ceramics was obvious.


The advanced driving assistant system (ADAS) is an important vehicle safety technology that can effectively reduce traffic accidents. This system can perceive information about the surrounding environment through in-vehicle cameras. However, these cameras are easily affected by severe weather conditions, such as those involving fog, rain, and snow. The quality of the images acquired by the system is degraded, and the function of the ADAS is thus weakened. In response to this problem, we propose a comprehensive imaging model that can represent the features of fog, rain streaks, raindrops and snowflakes in an image. Subsequently, an algorithm called RASWNet is proposed, which can remove all severe weather features from a degraded image. Based on the generative adversarial network, RASWNet combines the focus capture ability of a visual attention mechanism, the memory ability of the recurrent neural network and the feature extraction ability of the dense blocks approach. We verify the network structure through several ablation studies and use various synthetic and real images to test it. The results of these experiments show that our algorithm is not only better than the commonly used algorithms in terms of its clarity enhancement capacity but is also suitable for all severe weather conditions.


Mencius human science has the characters that set it apart from the other Confucian human science. First, it distinguished human beings from the other substances in the world, which exalt human's role greatly. More important, its main parts are harmonious social cosmos and independent personal integrity. Furthermore, Mencius's final purpose is politic, however, it is in favor of the individual development. In comparison, the Confucian human science is the source material of Mencius human science. Xun Kuang's human science continues the tradition of exalting selfhood. On the other hand, it makes some obstacles for the individual development. The result is the heavier and heavier fetters in later.


Delta robot is a type of parallel robot. It consists of three arms connected to universal joints at the base. In this project, 3 degree of freedom Delta robot use of parallelograms in the arms, this maintains the orientation of the end effectors. The development of the Delta robot corresponds to the current requirement of having a robot able to transfer amount of light object in the least time. In this paper involves forward kinematics calculation using S-S (spherical-spherical) joint pair and compared with real position of Delta robot.


Partial Discharge (PD) pattern recognition is one of the most important steps of PD based condition monitoring and diagnosis of High Voltage (HV) cables. Although different types of pattern recognition methods, e.g. Support Vector Machine (SVM), Back-propagation Neural Network (BPNN) and Deep Learning, have been developed and applied to PD pattern recognition, limited training samples is one of the most important factors which restricts the PD pattern recognition accuracy. To overcome the challenge two PD data augmentation methods, based on the Variable Noise Superposition (VNS) and Generative Adversarial Network (GAN), are presented in the paper, which are evaluated with 1500 sets of experimental PD data and three pattern recognition methods, Support Vector Machine (SVM), Logical Regression (LR) and Random Forest (RF). The results show that PD pattern recognition accuracy, based on the VNS data augmentation method, is improved by 0.99%, evaluated with SVM, and is improved by 0.96%, evaluated with RF; PD pattern recognition accuracy, based on the GAN data augmentation method, is improved by 0.52%, evaluated with SVM, and is improved by 1.72%, evaluated with LR. Both two methods, VNS and GAN, are effective for PD data augmentation, which are applicable for PD pattern recognition of HV cables and other HV apparatuses, especially for pattern recognition methods which requires large volume of training samples.


The crew of STS-53, Commander David M. Walker, Pilot Robert D. Cabana, and Mission Specialists Guion S. Bluford, James S. Voss, and Michael R. Clifford, is seen during Terminal Countdown Demonstration Test (TCDT) activities. Included is footage of Emergency Egress Training and a press question and answer session.


A national oral health pathfinder survey has been conducted by our research team in Turkey, in collaboration with the WHO European Region. Some of the data obtained by this survey were for CPITN values for age groups above 10 years, and can be summarized as follows: formula: (see text) These findings demonstrate that preventive periodontal therapy and community-based prophylaxis methods, will undoubtedly be of prime importance in future nationwide dental health service planning in Turkey.


This paper presents the design and implementation of a unique multi-radio Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) platform compared to current WSN nodes that have only one radio interface. Four independent, low energy radio transceivers allow simultaneous reception and transmission to either another multi-radio WSN node or up to four different WSN nodes. This also enables high interference tolerance, low latency, and high mesh-networking performance. The platform is based on synthesizable multi-processor System-on-Chip implementation on FPGA. The radios are compatible with ultra-low energy microcontroller based WSN nodes, which can be freely mixed in the network. The platform applicability is demonstrated by an ultra low latency WSN router and high data rate file transfer applications. Theoretical hop delay is as low as 106 µs, while 3.3 Mbps network throughput is achievable. Performance measurements for up to four parallel Nios II softcore processors are also presented.


In this paper, we present a 3D indoor navigation service system based on smartphones. To achieve an accurate indoor navigation system in a multi-storey building, it is necessary to determine the storey where the user is. By attaching an atmosphere pressure sensor on smartphones, the altitude information of the user can be obtained, and then, the storey where the user is can be calculated indirectly. With the information of storey, we project localization anchor nodes, e.g. WiFi-AP, of different storeys onto the storey where the user is, and calculate their projection distances based on received signal strength (RSS). To utilize the projection distance in 2D localization algorithms, the systematic error deviation from the storey deviation can be reduced. In addition, we develop a software running in a smartphone to implement our localization method, and provide a smartphone navigation service in our office building. Experimental results show that our method is more accurate than the traditional triangle localization method.


"PROCESS FOR MATERIAL liquefaction lignocellulosic or cellulose." A process for the liquefaction of lignocellulosic material or cellulose, wherein lignocellulosic solid or cellulosic material is heated at a temperature in the range 100 to 300 C in the presence of an acid catalyst and a solvent, wherein the weight ratio of the material solid to the solvent is at most 50, the acid catalyst is present in a concentration of at most 50% by weight of acid based on the solvent and acid weight, and the solvent comprises a compound having a gamma lactone group of the general molecular formula wherein R ~ 1 ~ R -6 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group connected with a carbon atom to the lactone group or the solvent comprises furfural, levulinic acid or a compound obtainable from furfural or acid levulinic by hydrogenation, dehydration, aldolcondensacao, dimerisation or oligomerisation, esterification with an alcohol, or a combination of two or more of these reactions.


Recent 'growth' policy in the UK.
ESRC focus on MKSM area.
Growth & SUEs pre-recession.
Post-recession views.
Changing context for 'growth'.
Changing context for 'sustainability'.
Future directions.


Objective To investigate the combine treatment effect of curcumin and doxorubicin on human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2.Methods Cell proliferation assay and western-blotting were analyzed in vitro.Results The anti-tumor effect of doxorubicin was enhanced by curcumin and constitutive activation of NF-κB and Bcl-2 was inhibited by the combine treatment.Furthermore,activation of caspase 3,caspase 9 and PARP was also found.Conclusion Curcumin could potentiate the anti-tumor effect of doxorubicin through inhibiting the NF-κB pathway.


This guide will assist you in locating resources for ENGL 452. Email or phone the subject specialist for more information and assistance. MLA International Bibliography (2 vieos)


Remote sensing based indices has been particularly widely used for natural hazard monitoring. Drought is one of natural hazard that mainly effects agricultural production in Indonesia. Therefore, the remote sensing based indices for drought monitoring have many variations of indexes to overcome the needs. In this research, new remote sensing based indices, namely Difference Drought Index (DDI) was used to monitor the water cover of vegetation that can be differentiate the drought for six categories, wet cover to very strong drought in El Nino strong year 2015. The other remote sensing based indices also being studied, VHI (Vegetation Health Index) to compare with DDI index. The results showed these two indexes performed good result in identifying drought in El Nino year 2015. For future studies, more indexes are needed to be examined in order to find better index used for monitor drought in Indonesia.


The standardization of personal files mainly includes two aspects of implications.Firstly,it refers to the accuracy of the contents of the files.The contents of the personal files must accord with three requirements:accurate facts,integrated appearances and complete formalities.Secondly,it refers to the standardization the forms of the files.The standardization of the forms has three main contents:the designs of the forms should be clear and reasonable;the qualities of printing and writing materials,such as paper,pen,ink,etc,should be guaranteed;the sizes of the materials should be standardized.


The combination of bio-inspired algorithms with the design of new search heuristics has allowed the development of innovative methods for combinatorial problems where the number of possible solutions is unaffordable. However, for years swarm intelligent methods have proven to be adequate to deal with these issues. Therefore, this paper proposes a new application of the Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm for Feature Selection (FS). Specifically, the proposed algorithm applies ACO for FS using a filter approach as a heuristic and makes use of a randomized search, resulting in a very innovative algorithm for variable reduction.


Amylases account for about 30% of the global market of industrial enzymes, and the current amylases cannot fully meet industrial needs. This study aimed to identify a high α-amylase producing bacterium WangLB, to clone its α-amylase coding gene, and to characterize the α-amylase. Results showed that WangLB belonged to Bacillus velezensis whose α-amylase gene was 1980 bp coding 659 amino acids designated as BvAmylase. BvAmylase was a hydrophilic stable protein with a signal peptide and a theoretical pI of 5.49. The relative molecular weight of BvAmylase was 72.35 kDa, and was verified by SDS-PAGE. Its modeled structure displayed that it was a monomer composed of three domains. Its optimum temperature and pH were 70 °C and pH 6.0, respectively. It also showed high activity in a wide range of temperatures (40–75 °C) and a relatively narrow pH (5.0–7.0). It was a Ca2+-independent enzyme, whose α-amylase activity was increased by Co2+, Tween 20, and Triton X-100, and severely decreased by SDS. The Km and the Vmax of BvAmylase were 3.43 ± 0.53 and 434.19 ± 28.57 U/mg. In conclusion, the α-amylase producing bacterium WangLB was identified, and one of its α-amylases was characterized, which will be a candidate enzyme for industrial applications.


Every SAS® macro developer from time to time has spent countless hours writing, testing and perfecting code so that it can be used over and over by differ ent users on different platforms. There are certain situations where one needs to enhance the speed of the processing of SAS code, such as in a production environment or if there is a need to process large volumes of data. A SAS Stored Macro Facility consists of a library of SAS macros which are already compiled, that are available to users or processes at any ti me. These pre-compiled macros run immediately when called and do not use valuable CPU time while waiting for compilation. Some examples of where a stored macro facility would be useful are in production environments, where jobs may be scheduled to run on a certain day of the day, week, or month. Another would be a standard report which is being used for an FDA submission and needs to be in an exact format. Creating a stored macro facility can be a beneficia l tool for a developer or end-user and it is fairly easy to set up on any platform. There are also options to s tore the source code along with the compiled macro. This paper will give a brief introduction to the SAS Sto red Macro Facility and explain how to set it up and use it to its full potential.


Baskground:Ankylosis is the result of adhesion of knee extension apparatus that is often the complications of trauma of femoral shaft and knee.Because ankylosis will impair the flexion of knee joint,postoperational exercise is the key to rebuild flexing function of knee joint.Objective:To investigate therapeutic effect of rehabilitation treatment on ankylosis after relaxing and plastic operation of adhesion of knee extension apparatus.Unit:Yuanbaoshan Ore Hospital of Chifeng City.Subjects:38 cases of ankylosis were investigated including 29 males,9 females aged 23-58 (mean:36) years old,with disease course 7 months-5 years.All cases were given operation and after operation fixed with plaster,fixing time:58-142 (mean:94) days.Mobility of knee joint before operation:4 cases over 50°,7 cases over 40°,others 5°-30°(mean:24°0.x-ray showed:no deformity of space,atrophy of quadriceps muscle of thigh,bad mobility of patella.Relaxing and plastic operation of adhesion of knee extension apparatus was given to all cases.Intervention:Knee joint was fixed at maxium flexing degree with solichocnemic plaster.Skin blood should be paid attention to.24h after operation affected limb was layed on removable orthodontic applicance at daytime,passive movement of joint was adopted,with painlessness as discipline for flexing,normally 10°-80°,increased successively.Knee joint was fixed at flexion position at nighttime.Exercise,twice a day,2-3h every time.Active exercise was adopted in intervals of passive exercise:kicking toes,straight leg elevating,After 2 weeks of passive exercise and 3 weeks of active exercise,patients took simple activity active movement mainly.Combined physical therapy:hot compression,keeping for 3 months.Result:Follow-up survey 9 months-3years(mean:1 year and 4 months).motion range:60°-130°(mean:110°).Conclusion: Function exercises after relaxing and plastic operation of adhesion could promote self-repairing of articular cartilage,accelerate healing of articular cartilage and peripheral tissue and prevent


The Eurasian woodwasp, Sirex noctilio Fabricius (Hymenoptera: Siricidae), is an introduced invasive pest in North America. This siricid woodwasp is native to Europe, Asia, and Africa where it is considered to a secondary colonizer of conifer trees. However, it is a primary colonizer of conifer trees in its non-native zone in the Southern Hemisphere.


A review of extensive literature on low fertility revealed four main points worthy of consideration. The first point is that both political and scientific pronouncements about low fertility have been plagued with misunderstanding and confusion. Most noticeably low fertility has frequently been linked with national decline but the direction of causation has often been mired in ambiguity. The second point states that the issue has been closely tied to political ideologies and cultural values and in some cases has even been used as a tool to achieve desired social policies. The third point emphasizes that demographic methods and some prominent demographers have played central roles in past and current worries about low fertility. Finally the fourth point indicates that the world is in a period of low fertility that is both unprecedentedly low and unprecedentedly widespread. There is no way of knowing if current fertility levels in major countries will continue at levels moderately below replacement rise somewhat above replacement or decline further to lower levels. In response to concerns about very low fertility rates two basic types of policy responses are presented. This includes measures to increase fertility and measures to adapt to low fertility over the long term.


VMware has released a paper titled:"VMFS File Locking and Its Impact in VMware View 5.1". The paper which contains 16 pages describes what VMware has ...


ABSTRACT The notion of 'pre-expressivity' is central to the field of 'theatre anthropology', explored by Eugenio Barba and his theatre group Odin Teatret. It refers to the elementary level of the energetic dynamics that render an actor's body scenically 'alive' and 'present'. In the current study, we explore the potential of immersive technologies and bodily interaction interfaces for supporting the transmission of embodied knowledge. We begin by outlining a critical epistemological framework that calls for new accounts of knowledge distribution. We describe the process of mapping different training strands developed by Odin Teatret's actors, using motion capture technology. Further on, we approach the translation of such embodied practices into data and, consequently, into an immersive experience of archival navigation. In our study, we used audiovisual objects as environmental constraints, what we term as immersive archi-textures, and employ Laban efforts applied to motion capture data analysis as a model for qualifying movement patterns. We will base our writings on a particular experiment, which has captured Odin actress Roberta Carreri's exercise Six States of Water within the virtual archive. In this exercise, the trainee is called to perform a specific score of actions with different qualities of energy, translated as different states of water.


Injection of CO{sub 2}-laden flue gas can decrease the potential for silica and calcite scale formation in cooling tower blowdown by lowering solution pH to decrease equilibrium calcite solubility and kinetic rates of silica polymerization. Flue gas injection might best inhibit scale formation in power plant cooling towers that use impaired makeup waters - for example, groundwaters that contain relatively high levels of calcium, alkalinity, and silica. Groundwaters brought to the surface for cooling will degas CO{sub 2} and increase their pH by 1-2 units, possibly precipitating calcite in the process. Recarbonation with flue gas can lower the pHs of these fluids back to roughly their initial pH. Flue gas carbonation probably cannot lower pHs to much below pH 6 because the pHs of impaired waters, once outgassed at the surface, are likely to be relatively alkaline. Silica polymerization to form scale occurs most rapidly at pH {approx} 8.3 at 25 C; polymerization is slower at higher and lower pH. pH 7 fluids containing {approx}220 ppm SiO{sub 2} require > 180 hours equilibration to begin forming scale whereas at pH 8.3 scale formation is complete within 36 hours. Flue gas injection that lowers pHs to {approx} 7 should allow substantiallymore » higher concentration factors. Periodic cycling to lower recoveries - hence lower silica concentrations - might be required though. Higher concentration factors enabled by flue gas injection should decrease concentrate volumes and disposal costs by roughly half.« less