Within the FP7 AQUAREHAB project (GA 226565), injectable micro-sized zerovalent iron particles (mZVI) were developed and evaluated for in-situ chemical reduction of chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons (CAHs). mZVI particles have good reactive properties and a longer life-time than nano-sized particles (nZVI), but need to be stabilised during injection to prevent sedimentation in storage vessels and injection tubes. Earlier we reported on a field scale injection of guar gum stabilized mZVI that was performed in November 2011 as a joined endeavour of several AQUAREHAB partners. More recently, April 2013, an additional larger scale pilot test was performed at another CAH-contaminated site in Belgium, where findings of the first test and numerous lab scale tests were used to work out an improved approach. At a PCE contaminated test site, 250 kg of mZVI was injected as 5 m³ of 0.45% guar gum stabilized suspension via direct push between 2 and 8 m bgs. The mZVI was injected in a test area of 3 by 6 m via 6 high pressure injections (MIP-IN technology) targeting a radius of influence of 0.5 m. Multilevel monitoring wells were installed at different distances around the injection point, along with temperature sensors and devices specifically developed to detect magnetic particles via measurement of electromagnetic susceptibility. Groundwater samples were taken before the injection and during several months after the injection. After the injection, also several undisturbed soil core samples were collected to evaluate the presence of mZVI (via susceptibility measurements & chemical analyses) and guar gum. The aim of the field test was: (1) to evaluate the feasibility to prepare guar gum stabilised slurry at a larger scale, (2) to evaluate the injectability of the within AQUAREHAB developed mZVI, (3) to determine the radius of influence of the injection, (4) to document the impact of the mZVI on the pollutant concentrations, and (5) to study the fate and added value of the guar gum after the injection. This paper presents the results of the followed approach, as well as some practical considerations related to lessons learned


Formula Algol is an extension of Algol 60 [l] incorporating formula manipulation and list processing. This manual describes the use of the version of Formula Algol which is presently running at Carnegie-Mellon University. LIBRARIES CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIVERSITY PITTSBURGH. PENNSYLVANIA 15213


The current study aimed to characterize Pasteurella multocida (P. multocida) isolates from layers and breeder chickens in Egypt regarding in-vitro antibiotic sensitivity and resistance pattern. In doing so, spleen, liver, lungs, and heart, were taken aseptically from chickens suffering from a drop in egg production, septicemia, respiratory manifestations, and mortalities between 2016 and 2017. To isolate bacteria, samples were grown on a modified Das medium. Moreover, microscopic appearance and biochemical characteristics were used to identify pure colonies of P. multocida isolates. In the next step, in-vitro antibiotic sensitivity testing was performed on the isolated P. multocida. The findings indicated that P. multocida was found in 36 isolates out of 330 investigated chicken flocks. Small glistering, mucoid, grayish, and dew drop P. multocida colonies were discovered during the culture analysis. Pasteurella multocida isolates were Gram-negative coccobacilli using the microscope. Catalase, indole generation, H2S production, nitrate reduction, and oxidase tests were all positive for the sample; however, methyl red, urease activity, Voge's proskaur, and gelatin liquefaction tests were all negative. They also fermented glucose, mannose, fructose, sucrose, mannitol, xylose, and sorbitol without producing gas but not lactose, arabinose, maltose, inositol, salicin, raffinose, or dulcitol. Isolated P. multocida strains were sensitive to tetracycline, erythromycin, trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, penicillin, chloramphenicol, and azithromycin, while resistant to ampicillin and clindamycin. Cefoperazone, gentamycin, and streptomycin all showed intermediate sensitivity.


In order to resolve the problem that cross breeding and production of hybrid in milk Chinese cabbage.According to the hypothesis of multiple allele inherited genetic male sterile,A genetic male sterile line of Chinese cabbage with green stipe 00S107 was used as a source of male sterility,and methods of continuous backcrossing and identifying of the genotypes were applied to transfer the male sterile line of milk Chinese cabbage.Hybridized combinations were obtained by the male sterile line as female parent cross with excellent self-line and we analysed the hybrid vigor.A new genetic male sterile line GMS3 with 100% male sterile plants and 100% male sterility was obtained.Two excellent hybridized combinations GMS3×B1,GMS3×B2 were selected,which is uniform and superior to CK in yield.Directional transfer model which transfer sterile gene and horticultural characters at the same time resolved the puzzle that breeding and utilization of the genetic male sterile line in milk Chinese cabbage.


Brown oak (Quercus semecarpifolia Smith) is an important forest forming tree species between 2400-3400m altitude and forms the treeline in the Western Indian Himalayan region where it is degrading and declining in the area because of its slow growth rate and over exploitation. Climate change or irregularities in weather conditions may alter the cyclic phenological events. The present study was carried out to assess the acorn maturation time of Q. semecarpifolia and to study the impact of anthropogenic pressure on seedling recruitment. In the study sites anthropogenic pressure was very high in the form of grazing animals. Across both the sites tree density of Q. semecarpifolia varied between 60 indi/ha and 103indi/ha and seedling density was very low. Saplings were completely absent at both the sites. Reduction in moisture content appeared to be a good indicator of acorn maturity in Q. semecarpifolia. The acorns of the species matured when the moisture content of acorns was between 41.6±0.21 and 48.9±3.6% and maximum germination was between 57.6±1.2 and 67.6±2.49%. The acorn maturation differed by one week only between the two sites which varied in altitude by 300m and mean daytime temperature by 1.6°C. Global warming would not severely affect the acorn maturation, fall and germination of this species as it falls in the mid of peak monsoon period July-August. However, the presence of large number of fallen seeds with dried emerged radical varying in length between 2 and 6cm is a clear indicator that the intermittent pattern of rainfall followed by long stretches of rainless period (6 to 8 days) results in drying of radicals and ultimate mortality of seeds. This coupled with foraging of seeds by large herds of cattle is resulting in failure of this species to regenerate.


An elite community in India, neither Anglicized nor traditional, shaped instead by diaspora and capitalist enterprise, is the subject of Anne Hardgrove's research.


Metal toxification has remained one of the problems with the advent of industrial revolution. Plant based remediation are showing increasing promise for use in soils contaminated with organic and inorganic pollutants. A large number of plant families has been identified which has shown significant result in detoxification of heavy metals. Hyperaccumulator plant is capable of sequestering heavy metals in their shoot tissues. High tolerance to HM toxicity is dependent on a reduced metal uptake or increased internal sequestration, which depends on plant and environmental condition. Recent progresses on understanding cellular/molecular mechanisms of metal tolerance by plants are reviewed. This chapter aims to focus on molecular mechanism involved in heavy metal detoxification and tolerance by plants. A different method by which plant effectively converts toxic metal in less toxic compounds has been explained in this chapter. Further, mode of accumulation and sequestration of metals have been explained which are utilized by hyper accumulators.


Command systems are widely used to monitor and control public service provision, but little is known about the effects on individual workers' motivation and behavior. Using insights from motivation crowding theory, we measure how Danish nursery assistants and social and health care workers (n=981) perceive documentation requirements, and we analyze how this perception relates to intrinsic motivation and worker absence (as reported in official registers). We find that individuals who perceive documentation requirements to be controlling have lower intrinsic motivation and higher absence reported as being due to sickness. This implies that public managers should try to avoid that documentation requirements and other command systems are seen as controlling.


This paper describes the design of a LC-tank low power reconfigurable VCO compatible with sensor networks and IoT applications. The circuit was designed using 130 nm CMOS technology on Cadence Virtuoso for a 2.4 GHz operation frequency. The chosen topology was a LC tank, designed to operate using 3 different power supplies of 410 mV, 500 mV and 600 mV, representing the reconfiaurability of the circuit. The final layout has an area of $528.75\times 224\boldsymbol{\mu} \mathbf{m}^{2}$ and all the presented results were obtained in post layout simulations. The reconfigurable oscillator presents a power consumption ranging from $100.45\ \boldsymbol{\mu} \mathbf{W}$ to $411.36\ \boldsymbol{\mu} \mathbf{W}$ and a phase noise of −109 dB and - 114 dB at 1 MHz, using supply voltages of 410 mV and 600 mV, respectively.


In this paper, a traction stress based shear strength definition is presented for correlating weldment test data obtained from standard specimens such as those stipulated by AWS B4.0 as well as for applications in general structural design applications when finite element methods are used. With this proposed approach, well-documented discrepancies in shear strength between transverse and longitudinal shear tests can now be reconciled, resulting in a single shear strength value regardless of specimen types and loading conditions. The method should provide a basis for achieving a quantitative weld sizing in fillet weld design for structural applications. The paper starts with a brief description of major issues associated with strength data interpretation using the conventional shear stress formula given in AWS B4.0 which is widely used by various industries. After posing a series of candidate static failure criteria, an existing finite element solution technique for dealing with stress concentration effects on fatigue is then extended for applications in determining stress parameters that can be related to shear strength in standard shear test specimens. A large amount test data are then analyzed to judge the most appropriate failure criteria for shear strength characterization of fillet welds. An analytical solution is also developed both for validating the proposed shear strength definition and for gaining theoretical insights, e.g. on stress/strength relationship as a function of fillet weld and fillet weld geometry.


The invention discloses dry sieved gypsum and an average particle size measuring method thereof. The average particle size measuring method comprises the following steps of: accurately weighing dried desulfurization gypsum on the top layer sieving face of a standard sieve; after a top cover is covered and the standard sieve and the gypsum are pre-heated for 40 to 50 minutes at the temperature of 50 to 55 DEG C, sieving the gypsum for 5 to 10 minutes on a sieve shaker; after sieving, preheating the standard sieve and the gypsum again for 40 to 50 minutes, shaking the sieve for 5 to 10 minutes;and accurately weighing gypsum particles on each layer of sieving face, and calculating the average particle size of the gypsum. The invention also discloses a sieving device for the method. The method and the device have the characteristics of simpleness, high practicability, high speed, accuracy and the like and are also applied to the sieving and the measurement of the average particle size ofmaterials of which the particle sizes are 1 to 100 mu m, wherein the materials are easy to wet.


Cubic forms in three variables are parametrised by points of a projective space p9. We study the subvarieties in this space defined by decomposable forms. Specifically, we calculate their equivariant minimal resolutions and describe their ideals invariant-theoretically.


This paper studies the inductor design for three-wire and four-wire power factor correction converter (PFC). Designing the efficient inductor for this converter (regardless of connecting the midpoint to the ground) requires a comprehensive knowledge of the inductor current and voltage behavior. This paper investigates how changing three-wire PFC to four-wire counterpart influences the inductor design in terms of size, losses, and overall efficiency of the converter. Therefore, the inductor current and voltage waveforms are analyzed and generalized in both cases for one switching cycle to build a foundation for comparison. Accordingly, the analyses are able to interpret the differences between both configurations and explain the core losses and the copper losses of inductors, especially those caused by the high frequency ac current ripple. Finally, two inductors are designed for a 5 kW PFC experimental setup. The experimental results which are performed for three-wire and four-wire PFC show a good match with the analyses.


This paper conducts a sensitivity analysis of the recently proposed multi-objective optimizing algorithm, namely the multi-guide particle swarm optimization algorithm (MGPSO). The MGPSO uses subswarms to explore the search space, where each subswarm optimises one of the multiple objectives. A bounded archive is used to share previously found non-dominated solutions between subswarms. A third term, the archive guide, is added to the velocity update equation that represents a randomly selected solution from the archive. The influence of the archive guide on a particle is controlled by the archive balance coefficient and is proportional to the social guide. The original implementation of the MGPSO used static values randomly sampled from a uniform distribution in the range [0,1] for the archive balance coefficient. This paper investigates a number of approaches to dynamically adjust this control parameter. These approaches are evaluated on a variety of multi-objective optimization problems. It is shown that a linearly increasing strategy and stochastic strategies outperformed the standard approach to initializing the archive balance coefficient on two-objective and three objective optimization problems.


A robust sliding mode PID-controller is proposed to control a robot manipulator with parameter variations and external disturbances. The work corroborates the utility of a certain sliding mode controller with PID sliding function for tracking control of a robot manipulator. The proposed method is used to take into account the unknown but bounded parameter uncertainties and external disturbances. The stability is demonstrated by Lyapunov theory. The performance of the closed-loop system is visualized through simulation. The input chattering phenomenon is handled by using boundary layer technique.


As electronics devices continue to increase in thermal dissipation, novel methods will be necessary for effective thermal management. Many macro-scale enhancement techniques have been developed to improve internal flow heat transfer, with a dimple feature being particularly promising due to its enhanced mixing with potentially little pressure penalty. However, because dimples may be difficult to fashion in microchannels, two-dimensional grooves are considered here as a similar alternate solution. Computational fluid dynamics methods are used to analyze the flow and thermal performance for a groove-enhanced microchannel, and the effectiveness is determined for a range of feature depths, diameters, and flow Reynolds numbers. By producing local impingement and flow redevelopment downstream of the groove, thermal enhancements on the order of 70% were achieved with pressure increases of only 30%. Further optimization of this concept should allow the selection of an appropriate application geometry, which can be studied experimentally to validate the concept.Copyright © 2008 by ASME


The new Labour government has conducted a defence review but has not pledged to increase the spending on defence. While there is no will to reduce the commitments of the British Armed Forces, there will soon be even greater financial strain than is currently the case. Professor Taylor here looks at the different options available to the British forces in overcoming the looming difficulties. He examines Smart Procurement from where the concept stands today. The partnerships which are envisaged to be developed between government and industry is explained in detail looking at: industrial incentives, the difference in work ethic and culture in government and industry, the possibility of restructuring the defence industry to generate transnational businesses designed to serve the demands for higher cost effectiveness, the role of competition in the defence sector and industry's role in equipment support and‐military operations. He concludes that if the level of production is going to go up and the unit costs d...


Objectives
We developed brief versions of our questionnaires to assess domain-specific views on aging (age stereotypes and future self-views) and preparation for age-related changes.

Methods
The brief scales were validated in an online study with N = 301 participants aged 23 - 88 years.

Results
Mean values across domains show a differentiated picture for all three constructs, yielding evidence for the multi-dimensionality of views on aging and preparation for age-related changes. Rating profiles for the brief versions were similar to the long versions of the questionnaires, attesting to the equivalence of the brief and long scales. Within-domain correlations between the three constructs were also higher than between-domain correlations, further substantiating the claim of domain-specificity with regard to the predictive validity of the brief scales.

Discussion
The new brief versions of the scales can thus be recommended for a differentiated assessment of views on aging and preparation for age-related changes when short forms of measurement are required.


We analyze and compare two iterative algorithms for the joint optimization of powers and receive strategies in a multiuser network. The design goal is to minimize the total power while fulfilling individual QoS requirements. This problem can be solved by the fixed-point iteration proposed by Yates, (1995) as well as by a recently proposed matrix-based iteration (M. Schubert and H. Boche, 2006; H. Boche et al., 2005). It was observed in the literature that the matrix-based iteration has an excellent convergence speed. However, an analytical investigation of the convergence behavior has been an open problem so far. In this paper, we show that the matrix-based iteration performs better than the fixed-point iteration in each step, given the same initialization. The resulting sequence of power vectors is component-wise monotonic decreasing. We also show that the matrix-based iteration has super-linear convergence. If the underlying interference functions are smooth, then the algorithm even has quadratic convergence, whereas the convergence of the fixed-point iteration is only linear, and depends on the system load. This explains the convergence behavior observed from simulations


According to embedded IP core structure and various DFT strategies, it is difficult to test NoC-based SoC especially for reuse situation. The paper proposes the design of a compatible IEEE 1500 standard core test wrapper, which makes different IP cores homogeneous from the point of test integration. A test response comparator is added to the test wrapper, which is capable of verifying directly whether there is failure in this IP. The comparator not only improves testing efficiency and also supports various test modes. The function and timing simulation of proposed wrapper are accomplished on ISCAS '89 circuits. A 2D Mesh NoC was constructed based on these wrappered IP cores and implemented unicast and multicast testing. The experimental results show that the wrapper can effectively realize embedded IP test access and isolation, and has the good adaptability to support various NoC test strategies.


Field trips for elementary school students are valuable contributors towards improved learning, motivation, and student social interactions. Unfortunately, they are often underutilized in the support of student learning due to several factors: often teachers do not know how to use field trips to their best advantage, often planning field trips is time consuming and difficult, teachers are pressured to justify field trips in terms of links to measurable educational standards, and preservice teachers seldom are instructed in their effective use. To address these concerns, a guidebook for preservice and current teachers has been developed. In it, research based teaching strategies for learning in informal learning environments and instruction for planning the logistics of a school field trip are presented.


In this work the efficiency and physicochemical details of a thin film produced by help of a microwave assisted sol gel technique is compared to different commercial powders (Degussa P25 and Hombikat UV100) deposited on glass substrates. Furthermore, a supercritical produced TiO2 powder (SC 134) was included in the comparison. The prepared TiO2 films were characterized using XRD, XPS, AFM, DSC and DLS. The photocatalytic activity was determined using stearic acid as a model compound. Investigation of the prepared films showed that the Degussa P25 film and the sol–gel film were the most photocatalytic active films. The


Influenza outbreaks have brought increasing challenges to public health systems globally. The effective and efficient tracking of influenza can help authorities make informed and proactive decisions. In this study, we focus on nowcasting influenza epidemics at regional level. To alleviate the information lag between the release of the Centers for Disease Control's influenza‐like illness (ILI) reports and real‐time influenza activity, we incorporate Google search data and holiday effects to facilitate the ILI nowcasting. We develop a deep learning framework by extending the spatiotemporal residual network (ST‐ResNet) to nowcast ILI rates in irregular‐shaped region. We investigate the effect of temporal and spatial dependencies among irregular‐shaped regions as well as external influence on ILI nowcasting. Various forecasting models, including time series models, penalized regression models, and other deep learning models, are employed for evaluating the performance of the proposed framework. Moreover, based on city‐level ILI data in Taiwan, we conduct extensive experiments for methods validation. The results show that the extended ST‐ResNet can effectively capture the complex spatiotemporal dependencies of ILI activity and the effects of external variables. Additionally, the strategy of incorporating Google search data and holiday effects improves the prediction. The findings may provide insights into the utility of various statistical and deep learning methods for effective ILI tracking at regional level and facilitate informed decision making for public health authorities.


Contemporary scientific cognizance on the development of children and the possibilities of their education has altered the image of the child to such an extent that the majority of scholars speak of a New Paradigm. This paradigm defines the child as a unique, singular, complete and complex being who realizes his personality through self-construction as a developmental action, and who is a key factor in this process. These cognitions are significantly reflected upon the issues of the cultivation, socialization and education of children in early childhood and of preschool age. With due consideration to the fact that we are dealing with complex multivariable factors, much attention is paid to the role and relevance of the adult as a creator of an encouraging environment in which early childhood is realized. Attention is also paid to institutional childhood and to the educator as a professional, a representative and a key predictor of the quality of educational influences. We consider that each educational action in early childhood and preschool education requires a competent approach based on a high level of professional responsibility. Therefore we are affirmatively determined to the idea of new professionalism as a qualitative breakthrough in the contemporary perception of the profession of an educator in early childhood and preschool education. We strive towards achieving an educational profession as defined as a complex profession that implies reflective thinking, a continuous professional development, autonomy, responsibility, creativity of research and personal judgment. This idea is realized with the creation of a new concept of initial education, a concept that applies a competency approach as a new paradigm in which theoretical and practical dimensions are balanced in the function of achieving a quality educational action. This aim is achieved in the manner of educating educators as critically-minded intellectuals and contemplative, reflective practitioners.


This is the second of two papers on the propagation of molecular wave packets through avoided crossings of electronic energy levels in a limit where the gap between the levels shrinks as the nuclear masses are increased. An earlier paper deals with the simplest two types of generic, minimal multiplicity avoided crossings, in which the levels essentially depend on only one of the nuclear configuration parameters. The present paper deals with propagation through the remaining four types of generic, minimal multiplicity avoided crossings, in which the levels depend on more than one nuclear configuration parameter.


Objective Our objective was to investigate the association between head and neck cancer and occupational exposure to chlorinated, oxygenated and petroleum solvents in women. Methods Investigation of occupational and environmental CAuses of REspiratory cancers (ICARE), a French population-based case–control study, included 296 squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck (HNSCC) in women and 775 female controls. Lifelong occupational history was collected. Job-exposure matrices allowed to assess exposure to 5 chlorinated solvents (carbon tetrachloride; chloroform; methylene chloride; perchloroethylene; trichloroethylene), 5 petroleum solvents (benzene; special petroleum product; gasoline; white spirits and other light aromatic mixtures; diesel, fuels and kerosene) and 5 oxygenated solvents (alcohols; ketones and esters; ethylene glycol; diethyl ether; tetrahydrofuran). OR and 95% CIs, adjusted for smoking, alcohol drinking, age and geographical area, were estimated with logistic models. Results Elevated ORs were observed among women ever exposed to perchloroethylene (OR=2.97, 95% CI 1.05 to 8.45) and trichloroethylene (OR=2.15, 95% CI 1.21 to 3.81). These ORs increased with exposure duration (OR=3.75, 95% CI 0.64 to 21.9 and OR=4.44, 95% CI 1.56 to 12.6 for 10 years or more, respectively). No significantly increased risk of HNSCC was found for occupational exposure to the other chlorinated, petroleum or oxygenated solvents. Conclusions These findings suggest that exposure to perchloroethylene or trichloroethylene may increase the risk of HNSCC in women. In our study, there is no clear evidence that the other studied solvents are risk factors for HNSCC.


Abstract Detecting and responding to climate change are two interrelated aspects of an important activity that Bert Bolin strongly promoted: the communication between scientists, the public and policy makers. The demonstration of a statistically significant anthropogenic contribution to the observed global warming greatly increased the public acceptance of the reality of climate change However, the separation between human-induced climate change and natural climate variability on the regional scales of greatest relevance for human living conditions remains a more difficult task. This applies to the prediction of both the anthropogenic signal and the natural variability noise. Climate mitigation and adaptation policies must therefore necessarily be designed as the response to uncertain risks. Unfortunately, the political response to climate change has stagnated in recent years through the preoccupation with the global financial crisis. Climate scientists can help overcome the current climate policy impasse through the creation of a new generation of simple, actor-based, system-dynamic models that demonstrate the close connection between the stabilisation of the global financial system and effective climate policies. Examples are given of alternative stabilisation policies that can lead either to major recessions and unemployment or to stable economic growth supported by an accelerated decarbonisation of the economy.


This paper introduced some processes and the technology methods of the electronic map data production of Mapworld·Chengdu,It provides reference for electronic map data production of Mapworld city and county level nodes.


Results of survey devoted to questions of technical and technological modernization of Orel region's agriculture are presented in article. Use of survey allowed to reveal the main tendencies of re-equipment of technical potential of region's agrarian sector. Authors revealed factors constraining the development of agrarian sector and basic directions for increasing of domestic producers' competitiveness.


In-stent stenosis following intervention for post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) occurs in ∼30% of cases, despite therapeutic anticoagulation. Our aim was to investigate whether platelets are involved.

 Blood was taken from case-matched patients before and after venous stenting. Flow-cytometry was used to assess platelet activation (P-selectin and/or phosphatidylserine exposure) while= functional activity was measured by plate-based aggregation and through a flow-cell model of thrombus formation. Soluble glycoprotein VI (sGPVI) was measured in plasma. Patients with in-stent stenosis requiring reintervention (>50% diameter reduction) were compared with those who did not.

 Forty-five patients were recruited (median age: 43yrs (33–55yrs); 65% female), and 19/45 (42%) required reintervention (median time: 3wks (1day-3mths)). There was no difference in platelet activation or reactivity after stenting, but P-selectin exposure pre-stent was significantly higher in patients who developed in-stent stenosis (2.7%±0.4 vs 1.7%±0.2; P<0.05). Pre-stent sGPVI levels were increased in patients who developed in-stent stenosis (18.9±3.6ng/mL vs. 7.4±0.9ng/mL; P<0.01). Platelet reactivity to collagen-related peptide, a GPVI-specific platelet agonist, was reduced in patients who developed in-stent stenosis (logEC50 = -6.5M±0.3 vs -7.2M±0.2; P<0.05; n=33). Pre-stent platelet accumulation (26.6AU±0.5 vs 19.0AU±8.1; P=0.04) was significantly increased in PTS patients compared with healthy controls.

 Venous stenting does not activate platelets, but patients who developed in-stent stenosis exhibited greater levels of pre-stent platelet activation, greater loss of platelet surface GPVI in the form of sGPVI and reduction in reactivity to GPVI activation. sGPVI may have potential to risk stratify patients undergoing venous stenting and predict who requires closer surveillance.

 Soluble GPVI may have potential to risk-stratify patients undergoing deep venous reconstruction and predict who requires closer surveillance.


Natural anti-oxidants are the good source for scavenging and reducing free radicals generated in the body after multifold oxidative stress. The present study was aimed to evaluate in vitro anti-oxidant properties of different types of leaf extracts of Ziziphus mucronata, a tree found in Botswana. Gallic acid was used a reference control for all experiments. Different types of extracts were prepared with 100% hexane; 50% hexane/chloroform; 100% chloroform; 50% methanol/chloroform; 100% methanol and 70% methanol/water solvent system. The anti-oxidant studies included DPPH-TLC-Semi quantitative assay, DPPH radical scavenging activities, ABTS free radical scavenging, superoxide radical and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activities. Total phenol content was also determined. The total phenol content was seen to increase from the less polar solvent to the more polar solvent and the maximum was shown in70% methanol extract. It is concluded that different extracts of leaf had free radical scavenging activities and extent of scavenging increased from extract obtained from low polarity solvent to the extract obtained from high polarity solvent. .


Case Studies and Phenomenological studies repeatedly showed that the physical effects of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) are still present in the workplace today. However, what was missing from these studies was how the effects of CTS plague an employee with CTS psychologically, psychosomatically, physically, and sociologically after they have been exposed to repeated hierarchal Anschluss leadership tactics from their employer in the workplace.


An optical 2×2 exchange-bypass switch that can be coupled with an optical perfect shuffle network is a critical element in building an optical multistage interconnection networks. We describe a design for optical exchange-bypass switch based on a modified Mach-Zender interferometer (MZI). The mirror in one arm is replaced by a patterned multi-level mirror that reverses the spatial ordering of adjacent channels. A multielement liquid crystal switch in conjunction with polarizing beam splitters and combiners determines which data-channel pairs will be sent along the exchange arm of the MZI. We describe the design and fabrication of the multilevel mirror and present experimental results for an eight-channel exchange-bypass switch.


A record 40% room temperature giant magnetoresistance has been achieved in a nanogranular Co/Ag alloyby optimizing the concentration, sputtering conditions, and cumulative short thermal treatments. Upon anneal-ing, the giant magnetoresistance effect exhibits a local minimum at 230 °C before reaching its maximum at300 °C. Assuming the presence of both dipolar and RKKY-like exchange interactions between the particles,these features can be accounted for by considering that the latter correlations are progressively inhibited as thematrix, a supersaturated Ag-Co solid solution, segregates the solute Co atoms. This idea is supported by thetemperature dependence of the magnetization in samples submitted to different annealings, where the zero-fieldcooled magnetization peaks at the lowest temperature in the sample exhibiting the largest magnetoresistanceeffect.DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.70.224412 PACS number(s): 75.47.De, 75.30.Et, 75.50.Tt, 75.75.1aI. INTRODUCTION


The palaeokarst is an important geological body of oil and gas accumulation,and its development of oil reservoir and gas accumulation is relatively complicated.Because of the compact texture,low storage capacity and poor penetration ability of carbonate rocks of Ordovician in Tarim Basin,the palaeokarst and fissures are the main reservoirs of oil and gas.In order to study the reservoir of the carbonate rocks,it is the key point to understand the mechanism and controlling factors of palaeokarst.By combining the results of other researchers,we explored the mechanism and model of palaeokarst,and comprehensively analyzed several controlling factors during the development of Palaeokarst according to the clarification of the karst lithofacies belt at present.The control factors included formation lithology,palaeogeomorphology,paleostructure,paleohydrogeology,eustatic sea level change,plane of unconformity,fracture,paleoclimate and so on.


Planar antennas fed by electromagnetically coupled coplanar waveguide (CPW) have been fabricated on a single layer substrate with various thicknesses, and been studied experimentally. To suppress the spurious mode due to the parallel plate structure in the antenna system, short pins are inserted near the feeding point of the coplanar line. The measurement results of this antenna demonstrated high performance in both return loss and radiation pattern.


: The objective of this study was to test the developed models with empirical evidence regarding job satisfaction (JS) and organizational commitment (OC) as mediators and influential variables concerning problems with performance appraisal and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). The sample consisted of 450 employees who worked at the operational level in automobile parts manufacturing companies in the Navanakorn Industrial Estate, Thailand. The study's instrument was applied from previous research and verified for content validity and reliability before collecting the data. Structural equation analysis of 5000 rounds of bootstrapping was used to examine the model developed from the empirical data and the influence of problem variables in appraising work performance. The developed model fitted well with the empirical evidence. JS and OC were identified as mediators among problem variables in appraising performance and OCB, while problem variables in appraising work performance influenced OCB through JS and OC. Findings from this study expand our knowledge of this field and are useful for e ff ective human resource management and performance appraisal. The developed model explains the phenomena of problems with performance appraisal concerning fairness, JS, OC, and OCB. JS and OC are useful mediators to explain and expand knowledge in human resource management and performance appraisal.


Abstract This paper proposes to analyse ironic utterances in the British TV series Downton Abbey (Season One) by comparing the English source text (ST) irony found in the script of the film to its subtitled variant of the Hungarian target text (TT). First the literature of the domain is surveyed in order to draw attention to the difficulty of rendering irony in audiovisual subtitles which emphasises that, as a multidisciplinary area, it involves not only audio and visual, but also verbal and non-verbal factors. This section is followed by a brief survey of irony theories highlighting the incongruence factor of irony, which also needs to be rendered in the TT After offering an outline of the story, several examples of ironic utterances are discussed, applying the dynamic equivalence method.


Objective To investigate the effect of viral infections of the respiratory tract on the acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Methods Samples from 116 patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(AECOPD) were tested for respiratory virus antigen and the specific IgM antibody for respiratory viruses.According to the results,patients were divided into virus-positive group and virus-negative group and their T lymphocyte subsets were tested and compared.Results Of the 116 AECOPD patients,41 patients were found virus-positive,with a virus-positive percentage of 35.34%.In virus-positive group,the expressions of CD4+,CD4+/ CD8 were significantly lower than those in virus-negative group,with a higher CD8+ than in virus-negative group(P0.05,P0.01).Conclusion The AECOPD patients were related to viral infections of the respiratory tract.T lymphocyte subsets were associated with viral infections.The results also showed that viral infections could decrease immune functions and lead to immunologic aberration.


The purpose of this paper was to select tomato varieties that could maintain a high-level photosynthesis under high temperature after inoculated by root-knot nematode.The test material is UC82,LA3471,LA2157.After inoculated by root-knot nematode,photosynthetic rate(Pn),CO2 concentration of internal leaf(Ci),transpiration rate(Tr),stomatal conductance(Gs) were investigated at 26℃ and 32℃ respectively during 50 days after inoculation of root-knot nematode.The results showed that at 26℃,UC82 had lots of root-knot on root,however,LA3471,LA2157 had no root-knot,which indicated that LA3471 and LA2157 had the resistance to nematode at 26℃;the Pn,Ci,Tr,Gs of UC82,LA3471,and LA2157 inoculated by nematode changed insignificantly compared with that of the control.At 32℃,UC82 had lots of root-knots,and LA3471 and LA2157 had a few root-knots.Compared with the control,the Pn and Tr of UC82 and LA3471 decreased after inoculation with nematodes,however the Pn,Tr of LA2157 were higher than that of the control.These showed LA2157 had the resistance nematode under high temperature.


Cloud computing is widely believed to be the future of computing. It has grown from being a promising idea to one of the fastest research and development paradigms of the computing industry. However, security and privacy concerns represent a significant hindrance to the widespread adoption of cloud computing services. Likewise, the attributes of the cloud such as multi-tenancy, dynamic supply chain, limited visibility of security controls and system complexity, have exacerbated the challenge of assessing cloud risks. In this paper, we conduct a real-world case study to validate the use of a supply chaininclusive risk assessment model in assessing the risks of a multicloud SaaS application. Using the components of the Cloud Supply Chain Cyber Risk Assessment (CSCCRA) model, we show how the model enables cloud service providers (CSPs) to identify critical suppliers, map their supply chain, identify weak security spots within the chain, and analyse the risk of the SaaS application, while also presenting the value of the risk in monetary terms. A key novelty of the CSCCRA model is that it caters for the complexities involved in the delivery of SaaS applications and adapts to the dynamic nature of the cloud, enabling CSPs to conduct risk assessments at a higher frequency, in response to a change in the supply chain.


Because of the visual nature (images and videos) of the captured data, the coverage problem in Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks (WMSNs) is totally different from traditional scalar sensor networks and can be defined in several ways according to the target application. In this paper, we focus on one particular coverage, we called Closed Peripheral Coverage (CPC). This type of coverage is present in several realistic application as military camp surveillance, very sensitive buildings (i.e., nuclear center) surveillance, contaminated region monitoring, etc. The objective hence is to detect any intrusion coming from the outside (viewed by at least one multimedia sensor node). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first research work addressing this issue. Briefly, CPC problem can be defined as follow: after a random deployment of multimedia sensor nodes around the region of interest (i.e., Building to monitor), the goal is to schedule several sets of nodes (i.e., cover sets) such that each of which forms a closed "ring" around the region of interest. Hence, instead activating all nodes at once, the cover sets are scheduled to be activated serially, which ensures a significant network lifetime prolongation improvement. In this paper, we study the CPC problem and present two variants of a centralized algorithm. The preliminary simulation results show clearly the effectiveness of the proposed approaches by a factor varied from 2 to 8 in comparison to the basic approach.


Protein-protein interaction networks provide insights into the relationships between the proteins of an organism thereby contributing to a better understanding of its cellular processes. Nevertheless, large-scale interaction networks are available for only a few model organisms. Thus, interologs are useful for a systematic transfer of protein-protein interactions to other organisms. In this study, we developed two methods based on the interolog concept and constructed a new network of 8,783 interactions for Synechocystis. Furthermore, we developed an automatic tool to predict protein-protein interactions for all species with a sequenced genome. This open-source tool is available at http://biodev.extra.cea.fr/interoporc.


The mechanical time switch of the present day is often a marvel of ingenuity. The designer, however, starts off with a very big handicap: the elimination of the effects of inertia. It is to this factor more than anything else that errors in fractional second exposures must be attributed. The principle of the time switch forming the subject of this article is the electrical control of the exposure time by means of a filament relay tube (gasfilled three-electrode valve), used in conjunction with suitable values of resistance and capacity. To follow the scheme in detail, it is necessary that the characteristics of the filament relay tube should be completely understood. With a filament relay tube connected in a circuit such as Fig. 1, provided the grid is sufficiently negative (with respect to the cathode) and an A.C. tension is applied between cathode and anode, no current can pass. Without such a bias on the grid, or with a bias too low in value, a current will flow every half-cycle. It is important to rem...


We are observing certain improvements whether the main indicators are the inclusion of children preschool programs in most of the territory of the Republic of Croatia. But regional the differences are still pronounced, especially in the nursery segment, and the comparative one is also worrying picture, that is, the general level, and which requires further investments, that is, indicates the need to permanently establish a more active role states in the area of RPOO.


We analyzed soil evaporation of different tillage treatments. Although water consumption difference was not significant among the tillage treatments, soil evaporation changed significantly. Compared with conventional tillage and direct drilling, no tillage could reduce soil evaporation effectively. The lowest daily soil evaporation was in no tillage while conventional tillage was the highest. The proportion of evaporation to evaportransportation for conventional tillage was the highest and no tillage the lowest. No tillage with mulch could reduce soil evaporation and increase crop transportation, which was important for water saving agriculture.


Background: Coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA)-derived fractional flow reserve (FFRCT) is an established tool for identifying lesion-specific ischemia that is now approved for use by the Japanese insurance system. However, current clinical reimbursement is strictly limited to institutions with designated appropriate use criteria (AUC). This study assessed differences in physicians' behavior (e.g., use and interpretation of FFRCT, final management) according to Japanese AUC and non-AUC site designation. Methods and Results: Of 5,083 patients in the ADVANCE Registry, 1,829 from Japan were enrolled in this study. Physicians' behavior after interrogating CCTA and FFRCT was analyzed separately according to AUC and non-AUC site designation. Compared with AUC sites, patients referred for FFRCT from non-AUC sites had a higher rate of negative FFRCT, less severe anatomic stenosis, and a slightly lower rate of management plan reclassification (51.2% vs. 61.3%), with near-identical utility in both groups. Actual care corresponded equally well to post-FFRCT plans in both groups. The likelihood of revascularization for positive or negative FFRCT was similar between the 2 groups. Importantly, AUC and non-AUC sites were equally unlikely to revascularize patients with negative FFRCT and stenosis >50% or patients with positive FFRCT and stenosis <50%. Conclusions: Compared with AUC sites, non-AUC sites had lower disease burden and reclassification of management plans, but nearly identical clinical integration. Actual care corresponded equally well to post-FFRCT recommendations at both sites.


We propose a new family of circular distributions, obtained by wrapping geometric distribution on Z+ = 0, 1,..., around a unit circle. The properties of this new family of distributions are studied.


Organic aerosol (OA) emissions from wildfires across the western United States have significant impacts on the climate and air quality. Brown carbon (BrC)—the light-absorbing component of OA—has been at the...


Crit Care Med 2016 • Volume 44 • Number 12 (Suppl.) Methods: A 38 element Kano questionnaire was created. All responses were scored on a scale of +4 to -2 for functional category and -2 to +4 for dysfunctional category. Average weighted scores of all respondents was calculated. High functional score (Funct) would signify satisfaction with presence of characteristic while high dysfunctional score (Dysfun) would mean strong disagreement with the features absence. Results: Kano survey was completed by 28 providers (Nurse 8, APN 5, Intensivist 6, Surgeon 2, Cardiologist 7). In presentation category, elements with highest functional scores were 'one line statement about patient' (3.6 ± 2.16) and CXR (3.36 ± 1.34), the highest dysfunctional scores were for CXR (3.27 ± 2.93) and Fluid balance (3.24 ± 3.01). Highest score in decision category for both function and dysfunctional questions was for 'rhythm/anti arrhythmic' (3.29 ± 1.35 & 3.49 ± 2.72). The 14 process elements had wide disagreement among providers, highest functional score was for 'checklist' (3.37 ± 2.92) and 'pharmacy joining rounds' (3.59 ± 2.19). There were overall low scores for dysfunctional process questions with highest score for 'Pharmacy joining rounds' (2.94 ± 2.92) & 'family presence in rounds' (1.95 ± 3.38). Scores were further graphed in a X (functional) and Y (dysfunctional) chart to identify and grade, mandatory (2–4 scores on dysfun and 0–2 on funct), performance (2–4 on both categories), attractive (2–4 on funct and 0–2 on dysfun) and indifferent (0–2 on both) categories. Conclusions: By Kano analysis we were able to identify and compare CTQ elements for CVICU rounds and also characterize the process variables to meet these requirements. This information was utilized to restructure the rounding process in our hospital.


Electron energy distribution functions are calculated with Monte-Carlo method in conditions of impulse corona discharge. Swarm parameters in nitrogen, air, flue gas are determined. Dissociation rate constants are calculated as functions of the reduced electric field strength.


RF-MEMS resonators are being considered as a reliable solution, required by the high-performance passive components in the present 5G communication. 5G protocols demand ultra-high frequency (UHF) ranging from 3 GHz to 30 GHz with reduced time and less power consumption. In this paper, an attempt is being made to show the dynamics of MEMS disk resonator in 5G communication range of frequency using polydiamond material. MEMS technology is preferred due to its high-quality factor and its efficient compatibility to CMOS. The analytical result of 24.2 GHz and of 33.2 GHz in third and fourth mode respectively show the efficient operation of the disk resonator in the UHF range.


The development of third-order nonlinear glasses is a recent addition to the research activities at Research Center COM. An important part of this research is the ability to measure the nonlinear refractive index. Accordingly, this project has investigated a number of contemporary experimental methods of the characterization of the nonlinear refractive index. Based on this review, the Z-scan method has been selected for timplementation and a Z-scan setup has been constructed at DFM (Danish Fundamental Metrology) Z-scan experiemnts heave been performed on a number of different samples, demonstrating the capabilities and prectical limitatins of this method. However, initially promising results have been found, upon closer analysis, to most likely be due to themal proceses instead. Based on the practical experience obtained here, an approach is described to execute Z-scan experiments with a much-improved ability to measure actual nonlinear parameters in the near future, such improvements including sensitivity and accuracy. Practical preparations have been made to ensure the implementation of these steps.


Digital electronics design and simulation is one of the fundamental technologies in electrical engineering.This paper introduces the principle and methods of the design and simulation based on LabVIEW,compares it with the other professional EDA software,and presents the advantages of programming specialty, graphics interface,extensible function and virtual-instruments technology which make LabVIEW an excellent tool of digital electronics design and simulation.


AbstractMaintenance of traffic (MOT) is the process of providing transportation management and traffic control at highway work zones. MOT work is an essential part of any construction project and c...


This paper considers interaction between two fundamental optical solitons in an optical fibre with a periodically varying dispersion. Numerical simulation results indicate that, by properly adjusting the modulation period, one can change the type of interaction between solitons. We consider three particular cases: the fission of a soliton pair into two separate pulses, the generation of an intense pulse as a result of the fusion of two solitons and the formation of a coupled state of two solitons (soliton molecule). The present findings demonstrate the possibility of controlling the number and group velocity of solitons using passive single-mode optical fibres.


J. Németh has extended several basic theorems of R. P. Boas Jr. pertaining to Fourier series with positive coefficients from Lipschitz classes to generalized Lipschitz classes. The goal of the present work is to find the common root of known results of this type and to establish two theorems that are generalizations of Németh's results. Our results can be considered as sample examples showing the utility of the notion of power-monotone sequences in a new research field.


To advance the effectiveness of the current Hanwoo improvement system, we developed a general simulation that compared a series of breeding schemes under realistic user circumstances. We call this system the Integrated General Model (IGM) and it allows users to control the breeding schemes and selection methods by manipulating the input parameters. The Current Hanwoo Performance and Progeny Test (CHPPT) scheme was simulated with a Modified Hanwoo Performance and Progeny Test (MHPPT) scheme using a Hanwoo Breeding Farm cow population of the Livestock Improvement Main Center (LOMC) of the National Agricultural Cooperatives Federation (NACF). To compare the two schemes, a new method, the Simple Hanwoo Performance Test (SHPT), which uses ultrasound technology for measuring the carcass traits of live animals, was developed. These three models, including the CHPPT, incorporated three types of selection criteria: phenotype (PH), true breeding value (TBV), and estimated breeding value (EBV). The simulation was scheduled to mimic an actual Hanwoo breeding program; thus, the simulation was run to include the years 1983-2020 for each breeding method and was replicated 10 times. The parameters for simulation were derived from the literature. Approximately 642,000 animals were simulated per replication for the CHPPT scheme; 129,000 animals were simulated for the MHPPT scheme and 112,000 animals for the SHPT scheme. Throughout the 38-year simulation, all estimated parameters of each simulated population, regardless of population size, showed results similar to the input parameters. The deviations between input and output values for the parameters in the large populations were statistically acceptable. In this study, we integrated three simulated models, including the CHPPT, in an attempt to achieve the greatest genetic gains within major economic traits including body weight at 12 months of age (BW12), body weight at 24 months of age (BW24), average daily gain from 6 to 12 months (ADG), carcass weight (CWT), carcass longissimus muscle area (CLMA), carcass marbling score (CMS), ultrasound scanned longissimus muscle area (ULMA), and ultrasound scanned marbling score (UMS).


INTRODUCTION
Since the approval, the TEVAR is widely used for the repair of thoracic aortic aneurysm. However, the long-term mortality and re-intervention rates compared to OSR are unclear. We aimed to compare the effectiveness of the thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) with open surgical repair (OSR) specifically for thoracic aortic aneurysms.

EVIDENCE ACQUISITION
We conducted a comprehensive search in MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, PROSPERO, Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, and the Cochrane Library up to November 2020. The main outcomes were early mortality, mid-to-long-term survival, and re-intervention. The quality of the evidence was assessed using the GRADE methodology. All analyses were performed using RevMan with the random effect model and Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software.

EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS
One systematic review and 15 individual studies were included. Pooled analysis showed that 30-day mortality, stroke, renal failure, and pulmonary complications were significantly lower in TEVAR vs. open surgery. The pooled rate of re-intervention significantly favored the OSR. The long-term survival and mortality favored TEVAR and OSR in one and two studies, respectively, but was non-significant in 7 analyzes.

CONCLUSIONS
Early clinical outcomes including the 30-day mortality, stroke, renal failure, and pulmonary complications significantly favored the TEVAR. However, the mid-to-long-term re-intervention rate favored the OSR and long-term survival was inconsistent among the studies. The quality of evidence was very low. More studies with longer follow-ups are needed. The use of TEVAR should be decided by taking into account other factors including patient characteristics and preferences, cost, and surgeon expertise.


Object oriented programming languages raised the level of abstraction by supporting the explicit first class query constructs in the programming codes. The query constructs can be optimized by leveraging the techniques of query optimization from the domain of databases. The existing optimization approaches such as JQL, however, incur high run time overhead as optimizations are performed only at run time. Therefore, in this paper, we propose an approach that performs the query optimization at compile time utilizing the metadata annotations in the source code. The proposed approach first collects the data from the sample execution of the program and extracts the essential metadata for the string valued attributes. Then, the annotations consisting of the metadata values associated with string attributes are generated in the source code and the histograms are built using those annotations. The selectivity estimates of the predicates and the joins in the query are computed from the histograms. Next, the query plan is generated at compile time through the maximum selectivity heuristic. The query plan is modified at run time in cases of significant updates to the string data. The approach also incorporates the cache heuristics that determine whether to cache the query result or not. The cached query results are incrementally maintained up-to-date. Our experimental results demonstrate that our approach has reduced the run time of the program more than the earlier approaches such as JQL.


The methanolic leaf extract of D. pruessii with documented ethnomedicinal applications was fractionated in different solvents (n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and water) and subjected to phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activity against some disease-causing microorganisms including gram-positive and gram-negative (Staphylococcus aureus, salmonella spp, and Escherichia coli). Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of Alkaloids, saponins, saponin glycosides, Tannins, hydrolyzable Tannins, steroids and triterpenoids, flavonoids, phenols, and volatile oils. Each fraction of the extract demonstrated antibacterial activity against all the organisms tested. MIC values of each fraction revealed strong inhibition against all the organisms tested. The methanolic leaf extract of D. Pruessii in chloroform, water, ethyl acetate, n-hexane, and n-butanol showed the following values: Staphylococcus A. 12.5, 25, 50, 12.5, and 12.5. E.coli 12.5, 50, 100, 50 and 100. Salmonella spp 25, 12.5, 50, 50, and 3.125, respectively. The antimicrobial tests were carried out in triplicates, and the data obtained were subjected to one-way ANOVA using a statistical package for social science (SPSS). This study shows that these plants' extract possesses antimicrobial properties that can be used as alternatives to conventional antibiotics.


The utility model provides a cylinder-driven pneumatic device which comprises a shell body, an air cylinder and a transmission mechanism. The air cylinder and the transmission mechanism are installed inside the shell body. The air cylinder comprises a left cylinder cover, a right cylinder cover, a cylinder barrel, a piston, a piston rod and a spring. The piston and the piston rod are fixedly connected, the piston rod and the shell body are fixedly connected, the piston and the cylinder barrel are sealed through a sealing element, a connecting piece is arranged on the outer side of the left cylinder cover in the axis direction of the piston rod, and an air inlet and outlet hole is formed in the left cylinder cover. The cylinder-driven pneumatic device has the advantages that the piston and the piston rod are fixed, an external load is connected with a cylinder body, pressure drives the cylinder body through air, the cylinder body transmits motive power to the external load, and therefore the external load is driven and motion stability is improved.


The aspects under study in this paper refer to reproductive activity, feeding, roosting, behaviour of the rook in nature and in circumstances of semi-captivity. In Tătărași (Iași), starting with spring 2011 we carried out observations in 10 rook nests, focusing on the following aspects: copulation, laying the eggs, incubation, hatching, post-embryonic development and fledging. In 2010, we experimentally kept 5 fledglings in semi-captivity and we fed them with a varied diet, following their eating preferences. We've already mentioned this experiment in the 57 issue of Scientific Annals of "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University of Iași. Many fledglings starve in case of falling off the branch, because parents usually stop providing them food. Only healthy individuals are taken care of. As an element of scientific novelty in the spring of 2012 we have recorded for the first time a case in which the parents adapted to the youngster's weak flying abilities by feeding it in the lower part of the tree.


In this paper, we present the experimental investigation of the use of electronic code division multiple access technique to achieve multiple secure virtual private networks over passive optical network architecture. We also discuss the scalability of this technique using analytical modelling.


This work was conducted to determine the effect of non-ventilation (NV) during the first 10 days of incubation on carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations and its effects on embryonic development (ED). Two studies were done on fertile hatching eggs from breeder hens (Ross 308) of 30 and 45 weeks of age. In the first study, two different incubation conditions were created, one incubator was non-ventilated (NV) during the first ten days of incubation, allowing the CO2 to rise and a second incubator was kept under standard conditions, with adequate ventilation (V). After the first 10 days, both incubations were kept under standard conditions. NV group at 10 days of incubation showed 11 600 ppm of [CO2], with 48% of hatchability from fertile eggs, higher (P < 0.05) than 2 100 ppm of [CO2], and 41% of hatchability from fertile eggs of V group. Day-old chicks from NV were longer and heavier tan chicks from V group. For the second study, two different incubation conditions were created, one incubator was moderately non-ventilated (MNV), and the second one was strictly non-ventilated (SNV). At transfer time, a hole of 1.3 mm in diameter was done over eggshell air cell, every incubator had two groups: with hole (H) and without hole (NH). MNV group at ten days of incubation showed 15 000 ppm of [CO2], and SNV group showed 17 000 ppm of [CO2], with 82% and 77% of hatchability, respectively. The induced hypercapnia during the early development stage improved hatchability parameters, weight and length of chicks. In 45 week-old breeder hens, an optimal hatching profile at high height above sea level with a limit of 15 000 ppm of [CO2] was determined. The eggshell hole helps to reduce embryonic mortality at 19.8 days; however, under this type of NV incubation, it is very important to take into account egg-mass loss, height above sea level and eggshell conductance constant, since all these factors contribute to generate the optimal partial pressure of [O2] and [CO2] before and during hatching.


Summary: Graft-copolymers with polyimide backbone and PMMA side chains are synthesized by ATRP of methylmethacrylate on the polyimide macroinitiator. The obtained copolymers, macroinitiator, and cleaved side chains are investigated by 1H NMR, SEC, static and dynamic light scattering, sedimentation, and viscosimetry in solutions. The synthesized copolymer is relatively loose polymer brushes: the average distance between grafted PMMA chains is ∼11 nm (4 repeat units of the backbone). The hydrodynamic and conformational characteristics of graft-copolymers change on passage from ethylacetate to chloroform due to difference in the thermodynamic quality of the solvents with respect to the copolymer components. The backbone is characterized more extended conformation than individual polyimide macromolecule.


We investigate the possibility of performing a "missing energy" type experiment at the CERN SPS muon beam with the purpose to search for lepton-avor violating mu - tau conversion on nucleons in the 10-100 GeV energy range. The experiment can be performed in the near future with a sensitivity which cannot be reached at any of the existing high energy particle accelerators due to the high performance of the existing intense high energy muon beam at CERN SPS. Such an experiment would be an important component of the global program of searching for lepton-flavor violating transitions at low energies, LHC or at a future neutrino factory. It could be a natural start up for developing particle physics techniques for a similar experiment at a future neutrino factory.


The contemporary debate on the Canon and on how writers, texts and readers are influenced by its alleged centrality and exclusiveness is enlarged with a discussion on intertextuality as processed at the level of three novels: Wide Sargasso Sea by Jean Rhys, The Golden Notebook by Doris Lessing and Possession by Antonia Susan Byatt. By studying the intertextual references within and outside these novels, the present paper aims at revealing the perspectives their authors share (or not) regarding canonical writings, concepts or techniques. The focus is placed on a comparative and contrastive analysis of the corpus in question with regard to Bakhtin's introductory terminology on intertextuality, which at some points overlaps the views of other critics on the same matter.


The lip dimension of cold formed steel C-sections (channels) is optimized according to the provisions of CSA Standard CAN/CSA-S136-M89 "Cold formed steel structural members." The provisions in the 1989 edition of S136 are compared with those of the 1984 edition. Due to changes in design criteria, previously optimal sections are no longer optimal. The interaction of many of the elements is described and the manner in which the design standard takes the interaction into account is discussed. The lip sizes of C-sections are optimized in order to maximize flexural resistance and minimize cross-sectional area. An optimal C-section is one in which the flange is nearest to being fully effective. The optimal geometry generally has a lip-to-flange ratio of 3/8, which is restricted by a maximum lip flat width of 14 times the steel thickness. An optimal section based on the 1989 edition of S136 has a lower flexural resistance and a longer lip than an optimal C-section based on the 1984 edition of S136. Due to certai...


The crystal structure of the title compound, [C5H5NCSNEt2]2[BiCl5(C5H5N)], has been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction methods at 295(1) K and refined by least-squares procedures to a conventional residual of 0.031 for 1 633 'observed' reflections. Crystals are orthorhombic, space group Pbcn, with a= 16.089(4), b= 14.852(4), c= 14.130(3)A, and Z= 4. The anion lies on a crystallographic two-fold axis; Bi–N is 2.615(8)A. The Bi–Cl distance trans to the Bi–N bond is shorter [2.637(3)A] than the remainder [2.692(2), 2.700(3)A]. The N–Bi–Cl (cis) angles are appreciably less than 90°[84.65(6), 84.91 (6°)].


The complex nature of social issues makes interdisciplinary perspectives an important aspect of current research and education. Nonprofit management education posits itself as a ground for interdisciplinary perspectives as they train future nonprofit leaders who would be at the center of the solution for some of these social issues. While nonprofit management education can gain many benefits from interdisciplinary perspectives, the challenges must be considered and recognized. This paper covers some of the opportunities and challenges of interdisciplinary perspectives in nonprofit management education. The paper concludes with some implications and questions about the practicality of interdisciplinary education.


A compact neutron source using Li(p,n) or Be(p,n) reaction is proposed. The proton linac consists of ECR ion source, LEBT(Low Energy Beam Transport), RFQ linac and post accelerator. We assume that energy of the proton beam is 3MeV and its peak current is 40 mA operated at the repetition rate is 25Hz with the pulse width of 1ms. The beam from the ion source should be matched to the RFQ, where solenoid coils can handle the large current beam in this LEBT section. To reduce energy consumption in LEBT we're trying to design the Hybrid Electromagnet that consists of solenoid coils and permanent magnets. We use PANDIRA, TRACE-2D, and PBGUNS computer codes in order to simulate the magnetic field and the beam transport through LEBT. In this paper the design of this magnet and the result of its beam matching based on simulation will be reported. INTRODUCTION Neutron beams are effective probes for material science and fundamental physics. However, there are only a few neutron facilities available for such experiments. We aim to develop a compact accelerator-driven neutron source we can fabricate easier than the conventional large powerful facilities. The purpose of the LEBT is to transport the 40mA25keV proton beam extracted from the ECR ion source to the RFQ. Figure 1 shows the integration of the proton injector with the RFQ. We compose the LEBT system of two solenoid focus magnets in order to control the beam size and convergence angle to match the required Twiss parameters of the RFQ. We assume beam neutralization of 97% occurs in the LEBT and the system is required to deliver 40 mA of proton at 25 keV into the RFQ accelerator with a normalized rms emittance of less than 0.20 π mm mrad and with Twiss parameters of α=3.23, β=0.079 mm/mrad. SOLENOID COIL Because our target current is large in contrast to the beam energy, the beam has large divergence angle at the exit of ion source. We determine the aperture of solenoid at 80 mm width large enough not to lose beam at the walls. Energy consumption in solenoid coil increases proportional to the volume of coil, then a solenoid coil with a large bore is inefficient from this viewpoint. Figure 2 shows our design of hybrid solenoid LEBT. Figure 1: Schematic of ECR ion source, LEBT, and entrance of RFQ. Figure 2: Cross section of the hybrid solenoid coil. Permanent magnets inserted in the gaps of yoke strengthen the magnetic field. Convergence performance of the solenoid lens is approximately evaluated from the integral of the squared axial component of magnetic field 238.00 526.36 380.00 442.00 239.18 238.00 80.00 ECR ion source LEBT solenoid


The mechanisms involved in the low-temperature sterilization of fat-duck liver (foie gras) are unclear. We have studied the antimicrobial action of its free faity acids (FFA) on Bacillus stearothermophilus spores in liquid medium. The fat-liver FFA were identified and assayed, and their action on growth and heat resistance investigated. The major FFA were found to be palmitic, palmitoleic, stearic, linoleic, and oleic acids, the latter (C18:1) being the most abundant. The amount of these FFA in foie gras is much greater than their minimal inhibitory concentrations. They all increased thermal inactivation of B, strarothermophilus spores in our model system and so could contribute to the microbial stability of tinned foie gras. Les mecanismes impliques dans la sterilisation a basse temperature de foie gras de canard ne sont pas clairs. Cette etude evalue l'action antimicrobienne de ses acides gras sur les spores de Bacillus stearothermophilus en milieu liquide. Les acides gras libres majeurs sont identifies comme etant des acides palmitique, palmitoleique, stearique, linoleique et oleique. Leurs teneurs dans ce produit sont largement superieures a leurs concentrations inhibitrices minimales.


We expose the danger of reward poisoning in offline multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL), whereby an attacker can modify the reward vectors to different learners in an offline data set while incurring a poisoning cost. Based on the poisoned data set, all rational learners using some confidence-bound-based MARL algorithm will infer that a target policy – chosen by the attacker and not necessarily a solution concept originally – is the Markov perfect dominant strategy equilibrium for the underlying Markov Game, hence they will adopt this potentially damaging target policy in the future. We characterize the exact conditions under which the attacker can install a target policy. We further show how the attacker can formulate a linear program to minimize its poisoning cost. Our work shows the need for robust MARL against adversarial attacks.


Optical devices using an organic charge transfer salt as the switching and storage media are disclosed. Generally, a light beam of a given intensity directed to a film of certain organic charge transfer salts causes the illuminated area to change from a first to a second state. This electrochemical process is reversible with heat energy transforming the illuminated area back into the first state. The first and second states have identifiably different optical and electrical properties. The organic charge transfer salt is used to fabricate an erasable or permanent optical memory and a threshold on bistable optoelectronic switch.


It's important to keep in mind that additional modifications to the 2021 office E/M guidelines are possible prior to the publication of CPT 2021.


Objective: To observe the effects of Huayu Xiaozheng Shapei Decoction on ectopic pregnancy nude mice model. Methods: The experimental nude mice were randomly divided into Chinese medicine(Huayu Xiaozheng Shapei Decoction) group, western medicine(MTX) group and model group. The human chorionic tissue xenograft nude mice model was made by human chorionic tissue transplant method. The Chinese medicine group was gavaged with Huayu Xiaozheng Shapei Decoction for succesive 7 days, while the model group was gavaged with purified water in the same volume and the western medicine group was intramuscular injected with MTX. The general situation and plant mass of each group were observed and the CG level were measured before and after the treatment. The expression of estrogen receptor(ER) and progesterone receptor(PR) of plant mass were detected by qRT-PCR technology. Results: There was no significant difference in general situation, plant mass and CG level among these three groups. The ER and PR expression in Chinese medicine group and western medicine group were both significantly lower than those in model group, with statistical differences(P0.05). There was no significant difference in the ER and PR expression between Chinese medicine group and western medicine group. Conclusion: Huayu Xiaozheng Shapei Decoction could down-regulate the expression of ER and PR, the lack of which will result in the degeneration and necrosis of chorionic tissue, which may be its molecular mechanism.


The use of discourse markers (DMs) is a prominent feature in spoken English. Most of the previous studies of DMs investigated the speech of native speakers. Little research has investigated the speech of non-native speakers. The discussion of the functions of DMs is problematic, because DMs are produced unconsciously or subconsciously: this is difficult to demonstrate unequivocally as the function of any DM may be open to interpretation, when factoring variables such as context and the unseen paralinguistic features of the discourse. This paper, based on an analysis of three corpora: The Spoken English Corpus of Chinese Learners (SECCL), MICASE and ICE-GB, reports the use of such DMs as oh, well, like, and I think. These DMs, seen in a new light, are interpreted on the basis of their co-occurring linguistic evidence and contexts. This investigation will likely have many implications for and applications to English Language Teaching, which lacks materials for the teaching of DMs. This paper suggests that some aspects can probably be taught through consciousness-raising activities and the data-driven learning (Johns, 1991) approach and that materials can be made from existing corpora, such as MICASE and LINDSEI. The pedagogical value of teaching DMs is dependent on learning context. To conclude, this paper acknowledges the limitations and weaknesses of this study and makes suggestions for future research.


Practice Center (EPC) under contract to the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), Rockville, MD (Contract No. 290-02-0021). The findings and conclusions in this document are those of the author(s), who are responsible for its content, and do not necessarily represent the views of AHRQ. No statement in this report should be construed as an official position of AHRQ or of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.


This paper presents an attempt to address aspects of tacit and explicit knowledge in organizational knowledge management. The paper gives a brief analysis of narrations, transmitting a verbal knowledge and their links to the organisational culture. Some aspects of discursive knowledge, based on arguments are discussed, as well as the role of discourses as storytelling, creating informal organizational norms and company's basic assumptions. The article makes a short review on the literature with a focus on the role of the knowledge discourses for managing successful sustainable businesses. The organizations are seen as an integrated system combining a formal and a social dimension. This research paper gives an outlook of storytelling as a method contributing to the transfer of tacit knowledge in organizational settings. The study presents some aspects for a distinction between the discursive as explicit and narrative as a path for transforming tacit to explicit knowledge. In a broad sense the aim of this analysis is to contribute to the understanding of the dual nature of management function with its interrelating elements of science and art.


Two explicit q-deformations each of SU(2) and SU(1,1) algebras are constructed by simply imposing the condition of obtaining the limiting classical algebras. No explicit transformations of the generators are used. One construction results in the standard SUq(2) and SUq(1,1) algebras with q-deforming functionals as infinite odd power series of both J3 and the deformation parameter q. The other construction (also with q-deforming functionals as infinite power series) seems to be new, with additional free parameters in both the algebras and Casimirs.


Isobaric vapor–liquid equilibrium (VLE) data for the isopropanol (1) + water (2) system containing ionic liquid (IL) 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([EMIM]+[BF4]−) at atmospheric pressure (101.32 kPa) were measured with a modified Othmer still. The results showed that the VLE of isopropanol + water in the presence of different contents of IL was obviously different from that of the IL-free system. The IL studied showed a salting-out effect, which gave rise to a change of the relative volatility of isopropanol and even to the elimination of the azeotropic point. It was found that the salting-out effect followed the order of x3′ = 0.30 > x3′ = 0.20 > x3′ = 0.10, which was probably attributed to the interaction between the ions resulting from the dissociation of IL and water.


While our world is changing demographically, socially, racially, culturally, and linguistically, we continue to witness and rationalize our blindness on human differences. We continue to limit ourselves on what we see and why we see what we see. As it appears, we continue to see only with our eyes instead of seeing with our head, ears, and mouth (Obiakor, 2008). And, we continue to see differences as deficits instead of seeing them as the wonders of our own individualities. In this commentary, we challenge educators, practitioners, and service providers to see beyond their narrow confines to value human differences. Today, we live in a complex multicultural world, and technology has endeavored to make it simpler. But, one can argue that the same technology is making our multicultural world more difficult (Obi, Obiakor, Gala, & Magee, 2013). One can go to the internet today and see all kinds of retrogressive activities that do not advance our society and our world. We believe in progressive futuristic ideas that creatively challenge us to move forward. In other words, we are neither supporters of laggards (anti-progressive people) nor supporters of iconoclasts (people who destroy beliefs and institutions). We believe in encouraging meaningful changes that advance our society and our world. From our perspective, "many of us have stopped seeing, talking, hearing, and thinking. We have stopped seeing the beauties in all of us; we have stopped talking – we now text all the time; we have blocked our ears from hearing anything positive about our fellow humans, society, and world; and we have stopped thinking about productive futuristic solutions" (Obiakor, 2014, p. 1). Sadly, if you listen to


The Fermilab Proton Source machines, constituted by Pre-Injector, conventional Linac and Booster synchrotron, at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab) had have a long history of successful beam operations. Built in late '60s, the Fermilab Proton Source began operations early in the '70s and since then it has successful provided protons to support the laboratory physics experiments. During the past decade, Booster performance reached unprecedented proton flux delivery of the order of 1.0-1.1E17 protons per hour, corresponding to 40 kW of beam power while maintained an allowed upper limit of 525 W of beam loss in the tunnel. In order to achieve this historical performance, major hardware upgrades were made in the machine combined with improvements in beam orbit control and operational awareness. Once again, the Proton Source has been charged to double their beam throughput, while maintaining the present residual activation levels, to meet the laboratory Intensity Frontier program goals until new machines are built and operational to replace them. In this paper we will discuss the plans involved in reaching even higher beam throughput in Booster.


1175 type. Working with the section editors, the original goal was to provide one article in each issue of AJR. The complexity of author selection and preparing these articles is such that we have not achieved our original goal. Therefore, in July 2018 we opened the article type so authors could submit proposals for Best Practices articles. Thus far, there have been 51 submissions and, if accepted, the number of articles could increase significantly. Pandharipande has been joined in her efforts by Stella Kang. Together, the special consulting editors will lead article expansion into the future. These articles are among the most popular and most cited in the journal. Best Practices is in our online collections. In 2018, the articles had 22,064 full text reads. Our efforts to enhance our content have been a priority of this editorial team [2]. Content enhancement has been a key initiative since 2009. In 2017, we introduced several new article types for submissions to AJR. Our goal was to increase our diagnostic accuracy (Standards for Reporting Diagnostic Accuracy [STARD]), observational studies (Standards for Reporting Observational Studies in Epidemiology [STROBE]), prospective studies and trials, and evidencebased medicine categories. As a result, we modified the author guidelines to encourage these submissions and provided links to the full EQUATOR Network checklist used for creating and optimizing these articles [8]. In addition, we provided modified checklists that were more imaging friendly for our authors for STARD and STROBE articles, as well as new templates for Original Research and Review Articles. To date, we have received 81 diagnostic accuracy submissions and 23 observational studies. These combined data accounted for only 6% of total submissions in 2018. Therefore, reaching our goal will require increased efforts on the part of all AJR editors. All section editors are encouraging submissions in these categories, especially in their highlight or focused issue. The challenges of the electronic era continue to expand [3]. Thus, there has been little time for us in the comfort zone. However, we trust that the lessons learned and our These changes provided great flexibility and latitude for our future opportunities. An additional content improvement step also occurred in 2009 with the goal of enhancing our journal content, increasing our impact, and meeting the needs of our readers [6]. There were 12 article categories in 2009. We modified Perspectives to Clinical Perspectives, providing an avenue for "how or why I do it" articles requested by responses in our readership survey. Technical Innovations was modified to include techniques, procedures, and equipment innovations, including computer and software innovations. Therefore, the category Computers in Radiology was deleted. We also deleted Clinical Observations because they were not supported by the readership and closely resembled Case Reports, which were deleted in 2005. We also deleted Illustrated Letters to the Editors and Radiologic-Pathologic Conferences because they were also case reports. Original Research, Reviews, Pictorial Essays, Opinion Papers, and Letters to the Editor and Replies remained the same. In 2011, there was a significant structural and content modification by incorporating AJR Integrative Imaging into AJR. In 2013, all CME products in AJR were qualified by the American Board of Radiology (ABR) for ongoing self-assessment activities. Selfassessment CME was important to meet the requirements of the ABR for Maintenance of Certification. Key modifications occurred in 2014. CME consulting editors were also put in place to assist section editors with selection and question writing. Over time, the subspecialty CME consulting editor list has expanded. There are now 29 editors listed on the masthead page in each issue of AJR. There are eight credit (self-assessment CME) articles in each issue of AJR. Thus, there are 96 credit articles each year, providing a specialty related list for our readers to easily meet the ABR requirements. A new special article type, Best Practices, began in 2014 under the leadership of Pari V. Pandharipande, special consulting editor [7]. Pari developed a template for meta-analysis articles in the special solicited only article Things We Learned Along the Way: Content Enhancement, a Constant Evolution


The paper concerns a localization of periodic orbits of 19 polynomial Sprott systems containing one or two quadratic monomials. The semispace localization of periodic orbits is obtained in many cases. Conditions of localization of all periodic orbits in some algebraic surfaces are established for the Sprott systems G; J; Κ and P.


Since there are many artificial intelligence systems, there is a need of comparable quality assessment of their mathematical models. For this purpose, these systems can be tested on the same database source data, for which it is very convenient to use a public database of the UCI repository. This article provides a detailed example of using the UCI database repository to assess the quality of the mathematical models used in the ASC-analysis and its software toolkit system of artificial intelligence called "Aidos"


Peptide search engines are algorithms that are able to identify peptides (i.e., short proteins or parts of proteins) from mass spectra of biological samples. These identification algorithms report the best matching peptide for a given spectrum and a score that represents the quality of the match; usually, the higher this score, the higher is the reliability of the respective match. In order to estimate the specificity and sensitivity of search engines, sets of target sequences are given to the identification algorithm as well as so-called decoy sequences that are randomly created or scrambled versions of real sequences; decoy sequences should be assigned low scores whereas target sequences should be assigned high scores. In this paper we present an approach based on symbolic regression (using genetic programming) that helps to distinguish between target and decoy matches. On the basis of features calculated for matched sequences and using the information on the original sequence set (target or decoy) we learn mathematical models that calculate updated scores. As an alternative to this white box modeling approach we also use a black box modeling method, namely random forests. As we show in the empirical section of this paper, this approach leads to scores that increase the number of reliably identified samples that are originally scored using the MS Amanda identification algorithm for high resolution as well as for low resolution mass spectra.


This paper is concerned with the theory of language, specifically of grammar, in the context of natural language as a metalanguage for intelligent computing.<<ETX>>


Mahatma Gandhi and Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose were two legendary personalities, gigantic in their political moral and ethical stature. Both of them were two worthy sons of Mother India but in many aspects, they were so different from each other. However, among all the Indian Freedom Fighters, Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose's ranking concerning his contribution to Indian freedom struggle and popularity is next only to Mahatma Gandhi. Interestingly, historians, military strategists, anti-colonialists and political scientists have had the veteran revolutionary as a subject of serious academic discussions. Tum mujhe khoon do mein tumhein azaadi doon ga" - These words were uttered by the great revolutionary of colonial time, Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose. The intention behind the statement comes from Netaji's idea that India could never get freedom through peaceful means unlike Mahatma Gandhi (Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi), whose ideology was more non-violent. On one hand there was Subhas Chandra Bose and on the other hand there was GANDHI. The relationship between these two characters is very important. In this paper, I try to analyse the differences and even similarities between two great figures of India in term of political philosophy.

Received 9th December 2020; Revised 2nd March 2021; Accepted 20th March 2021


ABSTRACT Non-payment for services continues to challenge sustainability in municipal service delivery across South Africa. Literature provides that the culture of non-payment stems from the apartheid era where mass civil disobedience manifested through boycotting the payment of rates. This study examines the impact of the non-payment culture on municipal financial performance in South Africa. Panel data for 28 municipalities for the years 2005–19 is used, and the random-effects model is employed to estimate the relationship between municipal financial performance and non-payment. Results confirm that non-payment has a negative impact on financial performance. For every R1000 increase in bad debts written off, financial performance is reduced by R291. Further, grants from the national government, the number of consumers, and the number of household units receiving free basic electricity positively affect financial performance. These revelations warrant the need for more innovative approaches that transform non-payment into a culture of payment.


PHYSICSBROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LABORATORY-- Starting this fall, a machine here called the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) will collide gold nuclei traveling at nearly the speed of light with such force that they will melt into their primordial building blocks: quarks and the gluons that hold them together. A decade in the making, costing $600 million, RHIC is the first collider designed specifically to create and detect the exotic concoction called quark-gluon plasma, which is the state of matter that existed in the first instant after the big bang.


Abstract
 This chapter provides information on the common response of pawpaws (Carica papaya) to water stress, including chlorophyll fluorescence, electrolyte leakage, water potential, photosynthesis, stomatal conductance and intercellular CO2. Pawpaw can tolerate some water deficit without significant reduction in yield components, indicating that the full amount of the recommended irrigation can be reduced but there is little or no benefit to partial root drying. Experimental evidence suggests that pawpaws exhibit some signs of stress memory, but that rapid short-term acclimatization responses dominate pawpaw's response to soil water deficit. Decreased plant growth under water deficit is due to reductions in the carbon balance in the plant which affects photosynthesis. However, it is still not clear whether the restrictive factor for photosynthesis under water deficit stress is due to stomatal closure or is due to incomplete metabolism.


The paper presents a functional approach used for disassembly process of binary executable form. The binary form is taken from virtual machine included in CPDev package for programming of control systems.


The hybridization barriers of interspecific lupin crosses were determined by histological investigations. The cross Lupinus hartwegii×L. mutabilis (both of American origin) revealed embryos in the cotyledonary stage as well as cellular endosperm. In the reciprocal combination, L. mutabilis×L. harwegii, embryo development stopped at the end of the globular stage, and simultaneously the coenocytic endosperm did no differentiate into the cellular state. In the combination L. luteus (European origin) ×L. hartwegii, embryo as well as endosperm development were initiated. Embryo development ended at any early globular stage. Twelve days after pollination the coenocytic endosperm had almost degenerated. With L. hartwegii as the female, no pollen germination could be observed.


time has passed when a review |of the translations into English of I the whole religious literature which Soren Kierkegaard produced in Denmark a century ago can be handled in a few pages. For within another year there is likely to be nothing important that he wrote except the final polemics against the state church in Denmark that is not available to us in thoroughly competent English translations. These English translations have tumbled over each other in rapid progression since the brave appearance of Professor David Swenson's translation of the Philosophical Fragments in 1936. The English world has first to thank the Herculean efforts of Dr. Walter Lowrie for this service. For he has put both his time, his gifts as a translator and scholar, and his purse at the disposal of this project. Professor David Swenson's lifelong work on Kierkegaard has been a factor of equal weight. Other collaborators have included, first of all, Alexander Dru, an English Roman Catholic,'and then the rest of us on the periphery, like Robert Payne, Mrs. A. S. Aldworth, Rev. W. S. Ferrie, and myself, who began our work ignorant that others were equally drawn to this task. Now that the work is almost done and that Walter Lowrie has told and retold the story of "How Kierkegaard Got into English" in his many prefaces and in the