ABSTRACT This article applies the stress process model to navigate and evaluate the familial norms embodied in the East Asian culture, grounded on Confucianist principles, in terms of its impact on East Asian immigrants' mental health and low rates of participation in mental health services. Explicating the cultural principles at work in East Asian familial norms, the interplay between demands for preserving the "face" of the family, and the stigmatization of mental health complicate acculturation by imposing restrictions on social behaviors conducive to networking. The institution of family, which operates as a coping resource through social support, also intriguingly acts as the locus of these Confucianist principles and norms, becoming a site where mastery is challenged by notions of maturity that mandate emotional suppression. Depression, social anxiety, and externalizing problems arise in the absence or failure of these coping resources, which percolate into issues of abuse. Implicated is the need for health care reform to encourage treatment among East Asian immigrants by navigating unhealthy behaviors and familial expectations anchored in culture. To this end, this review articulates a more efficient, adaptive, complex system (global patterns) through self-organization inspired by complexity theory and achieved by introducing reflexivity in health education (local interactions).


Abstract : The role of verbal control during the initial stages of acquiring complex perceptual-motor skills has been frequently emphasized by instructional psychologists. Although the learning of verbal rules, or cognitive pretraining, is clearly at the heart of systematic training, the term rule has not been defined in a manner that either avoids unsubstantiated generalization or clearly specified the manner in which the learning of rules eventuates in skilled performance. A framework for viewing methods that emphasize verbal control in training complex skills is provided, along with a description of different uses of the term rule as it relates to skill acquisition. Implications of this framework for subsequent training research are discussed, suggesting methods for empirically verifying the idea that excessive reliance on verbal control approaches may actually impede the trainee's progress in attaining certain skills, such as piloting technique. In short, the primary objective of the proposed research program is to develop and validate efficient methods for establishing skills that are difficult to train using state-of-the art instructional design technologies. (Author)


Fusion of protoplasts of double auxotrophic mutants of spontaneous inactive variants of two cultures producing actinomycin C, i.e. Streptomyces chrysomalus 305 and Streptomyces sp. 26-115 induced by PEG-600 yielded a number of stable recombinants. One of the recombinants requiring proline for its growth was designated as recPro. Unlike its parent strains, it synthesized an antibiotic substance active against gram-positive bacteria and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The nature of the substance is under investigation.


OBJECTIVE
To assess the change in disease-specific quality of life in children with recurrent acute otitis media and/or chronic otitis media with effusion treated with surgical intervention.

DESIGN
Prospective questionnaire-based outcome study.

SETTING
An academic pediatric otolaryngology practice.

PARTICIPANTS
Consecutive series of 123 children referred for surgical treatment of recurrent acute otitis media and/or chronic otitis media with effusion.

INTERVENTION AND METHODS
Surgery included bilateral myringotomy and tympanostomy tube placement either alone or with adenoidectomy. An otitis media disease-specific questionnaire was administered before and after surgical intervention.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Comparison of the mean percentage change in total ear symptom score between presurgery and postsurgery scores at 1 and 6 months after surgery.

RESULTS
The mean percentage change in total ear symptom score was a 74.5% improvement (P<.001) at the 1-month follow-up and a 59.8% improvement (P<.001) at the 6-month follow-up. Parental worry related to the child's ear problems was also significantly decreased, with a mean otitis media disease-specific questionnaire score of 3.43 (P<.001) at 1 month and 2.64 (P<.001) at 6 months after surgery. When caregivers were asked if they would have their child undergo tympanostomy tube placement if they had to make the decision again, 91% and 84% responded yes at the 1- and 6-month follow-up, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS
The disease-specific quality of life of children with recurrent acute otitis media and/or chronic otitis media with effusion with appropriate surgical indications significantly improved after surgical intervention. The amount of parental worry concerning their children's ear problems also significantly improved following surgery, and most caregivers would opt again for tube placement.


The present disclosure discloses a new charge roller particularly but not exclusively for charging a photoconductive element in a liquid electro-photograph (LEP) image-forming apparatus. The charge roller includes a cured composition of an aromatic diisocyanate, a polycarbonate polyester polyol, a matte agent, a surface energy modifier, and a conductive agent.


Disclosed is a method for treating biological material via electrical current, in which the biological material is added to a small volume of a buffer solution having relative high ionic strength. A strong electrical field is generated in the buffer solution by a high voltage pulse having a preset duration. The biological material is added to at most 50 Vl of a buffer solution with an ionic strength of at least 100 mmol/l. By at least one voltage pulse having a preset duration of at least 10 Vs, an electrical field with a field strength of at least 1 kV/cm is generated in the buffer solution. The voltage pulse is hereby interrupted at least once for a duration of at least 100 Vs and is then again continued.


Emotions play a vital role in human living and are correlated with every single word which is being spoken, without them life will be saturated and irrelevant. Understanding of the real apparent facial expressions might be difficult because part of the emotion might not be revealed outside by everyone. In the proposed method, the emotions of the human are analyzed in two different ways so that the real hidden emotion of the subject can be detected. Every human has unique brain waves, which gives better accuracy than other techniques. It ensures that the facial expression exhibited outside is real or not. The emotion analyzed will be useful in treating the person with high mental stress and also infinding the emotion of differently abled person who requires medical treatment.


: MRCI-SD/def2-QZVP and PBE0/def2-QZVP calculations have been employed for the analysis of geometries, stabilities, and bonding of different isomers of the 18-electron anions N 2 S 2- , NS 2- , and NSO - . Isomers of the isoelectronic neutral molecules SO 2 , S 2 O, S 3 , and O 3 have been included for comparison. The sulfur-centered acyclic NSN 2- ( 1a ), NSS - ( 2b ), and NSO - ( 3a ) anions are the most stable isomers of their respective molecular compositions. However, the nitrogen-centered isomers SNS - ( 2a ) and SNO - ( 3b 2 ) lie close enough in energy to their more stable counterparts to allow their occurrence. The experimental structural information, where available, is in good agreement with the optimized bond parameters. The optimized geometries of OSO ( 4a ), OSS ( 5b ), and OOO ( 7a ) also agree with experimental data. The bonding in all investigated species is qualitatively rather similar, though electron density analyses reveal important quantitative differences as well. Most of the investigated systems can be described with a single configuration wave function, the two notable exceptions being OOO ( 7a ) and SSS ( 6a ) that show some diradical character. The - NSS - at MRCI-SD/def2-QZVP and 327 nm, respectively. The


Territorial behaviour, reproduction and migration of the epilithic algal eater, Tropheus moorii, were investigated in Lake Tanganyika, Africa. Adults of both sexes had individual feeding territories which adjointed each other. Males, who occupied higher rocks than females, usually stayed at the same sites for more than 5 months. Females left their territories to pair with males in the males' territories. Paired females actively foraged under the protection of their mates for up to 3 weeks prior to spawning. After spawning, females usually settled in a site unoccupied by territory-holders to mouthbrood the offspring for a month. An examination of the ovaries and a removal experiment of dominant males suggest that females cannot attain fully mature ovaries in their own territories and choose males whose territories can provide enough food to satisfy their nutritive demand. The evolution of a number of local cotour morphs in this fish is briefly discussed in relation to social selection. Cichlid fishes in Lake Tanganyikarepresent one of the most spectacular examples of adaptive radiation in fishes (Fryer and Iles, 1972; Lowe-McConnell , 1987; Nishida, in press). Rocky shores in this lake are inhabited by a huge variety of cichlid species. Rock-dwelling species, whose habitats are disrupted by sandy beaches, usually include geographical variants within the lake, which may be incipient species. The best-known is Tropheus moorii, which is composed of no less than 20 local colour morphs (Marlier, 1959; Matthes, 1962; Nelissen, 1976; Brichard, 1978). The behaviour and ecology of 7". moorii have been intensively studied in aquaria by many workers (Wickler, 1969; Nelissen, 1976) and in the field (Kawanabe, 1981; Takamura, 1983, 1984; Yamaoka, 1983; Mbomba, 1986). This fish is an epilithic algal feeder (Takamura, 1983, 1984; Yamaoka, 1983, 1985, 1987), having an individual feeding territory (Kawanabe, 1981). The courtship and spawning behaviour is very similar among colour morphs (Wickler, 1969; Nelissen, 1976). Eggs are mouthbrooded only by females (Wickler, 1969). However, many aspects of social and mating systems of this fish in nature still remain to be investigated. For example, little was known about how long each fish maintains its feeding territory, how consexuals compete for a mate, and whether mating occurs within the male's or female's territory or in a spatially separated spawning site. An understanding of the above for each colour morph is necessary to understand how social factors have affected the evolution of colour morphs. The 'Bemba orange' morph (see Axelrod et al., 1985, p. 502), which is distributed on the northwestern shore of the lake, was chosen as the subject of this study. Fish of this morph could be recognized individually from an orange band on the body. Their territorial behaviour, reproductive behaviour and migration patterns were observed for 5 months so as to clarify their social and mating system. Moreover, dominant males were removed experimentally from their territories to determine the manner of resource monopolization.


The Healing of America, by T.R. Reid, is a deceptively simple, readable, and even entertaining book that contains within it vast and complex truths about global health policy.


Objective To investigate the clinical application value of chitosan in prevention of intrauterine adhesion after hysteroscopy operation. Methods Eighty-four women with early pregnancy who asked for hysteroscopy operation were randomly divided into two groups. The experimental group was conducted hysteroscopic adhesiolysis plus intrauterine application of chitosan gel( 5 ml) and the control group received hysteroscopy operation alone. After operation,the uterine cavity of the two groups were compared. Results The incidence of mild,moderate,severe intrauterine adhesion in experimental group were lower than that in control group,and the differences were statistically significant( P 0. 05). Conclusion Application of chitosan can significantly reduce the development of intrauterine adhesions postoperatively,and is a simple and effective preventive method.


Forging of square spline was investigated by using finite element methods in this study. Spline is widely used by torque transmitter in the fields of automobile, aircraft, and shipping etc. Friction on the surface of die is regarded as the most important factor to improve the dimensional accuracy for complete forming of spline teeth. Finite element simulation was carried out to improve the formability of the spline, especially remove unnecessary burrs which were extruded in gap between the die and the punch. To remove the burrs, various friction factors are considered on the surfaces of the die in the simulations and punch flat surface was designed. The simulated results were compared with experimental ones. As a results, it is possible to control the growth of burrs and improve formability of spline teeth by applying various friction factors and design of punch flat surface.


Nostalgia and retro are phenomena of modernism and modernization that are currently booming. This goes for political decision-making processes as much as for popular culture where retro aesthetics is the dominant mode of design: Both appear driven by 'longings for a time that never was.' While research on nostalgia and retro abound, nostalgia still remains a vague and undertheorized concept seemingly identical with retro. Engaging the ways in which Damien Chazelle's 2016 movie La La Land and Guillermo del Toro's The Shape of Water of 2017 produce and interrogate affects, this essay shows how film allows us to make distinctions that the proliferating research on nostalgia and retro often fail to deliver. As we zoom in on how both films reference iconic moments in film history, it becomes evident that retro aesthetics operates in distinctively diverse manners. While La La Land interrogates cinema's "nostalgia for nostalgia", The Shape of Water reclaims nostalgia as a mode of social bonding. In this way, both movies foreground how the dynamics of nostalgia, at best, moves forward, not back. Film studies, in turn, can shed considerable light on how both nostalgia and retro work—and why they sell so well.


The quality of plastic gears, especially their durability, is becoming increasingly important due to advances in electric mobility. Therefore, new materials are being developed that must have better mechanical properties, high thermal conductivity for heat dissipation, and tribological properties. The composites of expanded graphite (EG) and glass fibre-reinforced polyamide 6 (PA6/GF) were prepared, and the effect of EG particle size (~5 μm (EG5) and ~1000 μm (EG1000)) on these properties was investigated. Composites with different contents (2-10 wt%) of EG in PA6/GF were prepared using a laboratory twin-screw extruder and then injection moulded in the form of rods and discs required for thermal, thermomechanical, and tribological tests. EG acted as a nucleating agent but hindered the crystallization rate at higher concentrations, which was more pronounced when EG5 was added. Dynamic mechanical analysis showed that the storage modulus increased with the addition of both types of EG. However, the addition of EG5 increased the storage modulus more than EG1000. The lowest coefficient of friction was obtained by the addition of 10 wt% EG5. The wear increased with the addition of both types of EG, only slightly with the addition of EG1000. The thermal conductivity of the composites with EG increased from 0.42 W/mK to 1 W/mK. The results show that the use of EG with smaller particle size is much more beneficial than with a larger one.


An ice model, an ocean model, and a method of coupling the models are described. The ice model is a synthesis, with variations and extensions, of previous modeling ideas. Ice thickness, concentration, velocity, and internal energy are prognostic variables. The ice thermodynamics are represented by temperatures at the snow surface, ice surface, the interior, and the bottom surface. Melting and freezing rates are calculated at the ice-atmosphere, ice-ocean, and atmosphere-ocean interfaces. A prescribed portion of summer meltwater can be stored on the surface and refrozen in the fall. The ocean model includes a second moment, turbulence closure submodel and enables one to solve for oceanic heat flux, the interfacial stress, and subsurface properties. In this paper the model is applied to one-dimensional simulations, but the equations are cited in a form for implementation by two- and three-dimensional models. In a companion paper (Kantha and Mellor, this issue) the model is used for two-dimensional (vertical plane) simulations in the Bering Sea. Several one-dimensional sensitivity studies are performed in the case where the ice model is decoupled from the ocean; here the oceanic heat flux and sea surface temperature are prescribed constants. The studies reveal the role and sensitivity of surface trapped meltwater, ice concentration, and ice divergence. With the coupled ice-ocean model, the seasonally varying oceanic heat flux and mixed layer properties are determined by the model. Some comparisons with observations in the central Arctic ocean are possible. The role of the molecular sublayer immediately adjacent to the ice is examined; frazi! ice production is related to the large disparity in the molecular diffusivities for temperature and salinity. The mixed layer model contains empirical constants which are known from turbulence data. The molecular sublayer parameterization requires one empirical parameter b, which is uncertain but, from this study, is assuredly greater than zero, the value implicit in previous models. The ice model requires the empirical parameters cI) F and cI)u to quantitatively account for freezing or melting processes in open leads; their values are also uncertain, but we present reasoning and sensitivity studies to suggest specific values. Finally, an empirical parameter G is introduced; it is the ratio of the value of the ice thickness used to represent average ice volume in the dynamic and thermodynamic equations to the value of the thickness needed in the heat conduction equation. Estimates of G are made from observed thickness distribution functions; sensitivity studies show it to be an important parameter.


HER2 is amplified in about 20% of breast cancers. HER3 plays a critical role in HER2 mediated tumorigenesis. It is now clear that inhibition of HER2 tyrosine kinase activity results in upregulation of HER3 transcription and phosphorylation. We sought to identify HER3 binding partners upon pharmacological inhibition of HER2 using the irreversible pan HER inhibitor neratinib. We immunoaffinity-purified HER3 from HER2+ BT474 cells treated ± neratinib. Following immunoprecipitation using a HER3 antibody, binding partners were released under reducing conditions. Mass spectrometry experiments identified non-muscle myosin IIA (NMMIIA) increased upon inhibition of HER2 with neratinib and decreased under DMSO control treatment from HER3 immunoprecipitates. To confirm the presence of NMMIIA, we performed immunoprecipitation experiments in BT474 and MDA-MB-453 cells using a HER3 antibody. Immunoblots showed increased NMMIIA levels upon treatment with 200nM neratinib for 24 hours in both cell lines. Myosin heavy chain 9 (MYH9) gene encodes the protein nonmuscle myosin of class II, isoform A (NMMIIA). NMMIIA localizes to actin stress fibers and has been implicated in regulation of cell contractility and stress fiber organization To further investigate the role of NMMIIA, we used blebbistatin, a myosin IIa inhibitor, in growth assays using BT474 and MDA-MB-453 breast cancer cells in vitro. The combination of blebbistatin and neratinib significantly decreased the proliferation in both cell lines compared to neratinib or blebbistatin treatment alone. Additionally, we knocked out myosin IIa in BT474 cells using myosin IIa specific siRNA to examine the effect of myosin IIa silencing on HER3 and Myosin IIa protein levels in the presence or absence of neratinib treatment. Results indicated that in BT474 cells knockdown of NMMIIA resulted in both decreased HER3 and Myosin IIa protein expression and that neratinib treatment rescued this effect. We next examined long term overall survival of primary breast cancer patients who have high and low levels of MYH9 gene expression from the METABRIC cohort. We observed that patients with high levels of MYH9 have a statistically significant worse overall survival versus patients who express low levels of MYH9. Currently, further experiments are ongoing to determine the mechanism of action of the Myosin IIA/HER3 complex, which could be an adaptive response to HER2 inhibitors in HER2+ breast cancers and to evaluate the role of myosin IIa on proliferation, migration, and invasion of HER2+ breast cancer cells. In conclusion, we have identified that neratinib treatment results in increased NMMIIA bound to HER3. Further studies to determine if NMMIIA could play a role in invasion of HER2+ breast cancer cells and/or resistance to HER2 inhibitors are ongoing. Citation Format: Samar M. Alanazi, Rosalin Mishra, Long Yuan, Hima Patel, Joan Garrett. The role of non-muscle myosin IIA in HER2+ breast cancers [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 4205.


This article in research focused on an analysis of the achievements and perspectives that you have lawyers in respect of the judgment C-355 of 2006 training, which is in charge of legalizing abortion in three hypotheses for the Colombian State. This article had a hermeneutical paradigm of research, a qualitative research approach. In the same way, was raised as a general objective, legally analyze the appropriations and prospects for law students of ninth semester of the Simón Bolívar University, opposite the jurisprudence scope of the decision C-355 of 2006, and is they had specific objectives: first, analyze by means of comparative law, under what legal basis is permitted abortion, which was a legal analysis; Second, explain the legal arguments by which students of ninth semester of the Universidad Simón Bolívar, accept or reject abortion, which was a semi-structured interview; and third, analyze the development of the Colombian law abortion jurisprudence. For results, a jurisprudential analysis was performed. So, had as main results: first, around the world there are laws both permissive and restrictive; Second, the decision C-355 of 2006 through its three hypotheses to decriminalize abortion seeks to protect the rights of women and third; the lack of appropriation of advocates of training on the subject of abortion.


In this paper we study a specific class of actions of a $2$-torus $\mathbb{Z}_2^k$ on manifolds, namely, the actions of complexity one in general position. We describe the orbit space of equivariantly formal $2$-torus actions of complexity one in general position and restricted complexity one actions in the case of small covers. It is observed that the orbit spaces of such actions are topological manifolds. If the action is equivariantly formal, we prove that the orbit space is a $\mathbb{Z}_2$-homology sphere. We study a particular subclass of these $2$-torus actions: restrictions of small covers to a subgroup of index 2 in general position. The subgroup of this form exists if and only if the small cover is orientable, and in this case we prove that the orbit space of a restricted $2$-torus action is homeomorphic to a sphere.


Aluminum alloys based cast parts which are products of high pressure die casting, are most commonly used in automotive industry. Leakage requirements are significant in aluminum alloy cast parts in the automotive industry. Besides the advantages of high pressure die casting process, there are also many disadvantages and risks. One of the biggest risk in aluminum parts produced by high pressure die casting (HPDC) process is air entrapment inside the mold cavity. The air entrapment inside the mold cavity create cold shuts and blister defects on the surface of the part which can cause high leakage on the part. Improvements of die design, overflow and optimized process parameters ensure to reduce the cold shuts and blister defects effectively and also additionally increases both product quality and process efficiency. In this study, the results of two different mold designs with different venting areas were examined. The results of two different overflow designs on mold were compared on MAGMASOFT high pressure die casting simulation program and X-Ray investigation. The experimental simulation results shown that both cold shuts and blister defects can be significantly reduced by increasing venting area.


Investment projects optimal selection is relevant in making business decisions. In this paper a methodology that has not been extensively explored in the literature of measuring financial risk is applied to the Colombian sugar industry. This measurement serves as the basis for the evaluation of projects in a more robust manner, due to an adequate modeling of uncertainty. For the above, the Value at Risk of a company's gross profit is determined using econometric techniques such as modeling the autoregressive conditional volatility of the series, multivariate modeling of the dependency relationships of the series through copulas, and simulation using Monte Carlo techniques.


This paper analyses the role that history and memory play in the constitution of identities (both individual and collective). In order to do that, I assess the contributions that Paul Ricoeur and Tzevetan Todorov have made to this problem.


hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms Purpose: To compare the visual acuity (VA) and quality of vision between bilateral implanta-tion of a trifocal intraocular lens (IOL) and blended bifocal IOLs with an intermediate add in the dominant eye and a near add in the nondominant eye. Patients and methods: Patients with either trifocal or blended bifocal IOLs implanted were recruited after surgery. Subjects returned for a single diagnostic visit between 3 and 24 months after surgery. VA was tested at various distances, including low-contrast acuity and acuity at their preferred reading distance. A binocular defocus curve was obtained, and subjective visual function and quality of vision were evaluated. Results: Twenty-five trifocal subjects and 30 blended bifocal subjects were enrolled. There were no significant differences in low-contrast acuity, preferred reading distance, or acuity at that reading distance. Binocular vision at 4 m, 60 cm, and 40 cm was not statistically significantly different. The trifocal provided statistically significantly better visual acuity (P,0.05) at vergences from-0.5 to-1.5 D (from 2 m to 67 cm viewing distance, P,0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the near vision subscale scores of the 39-question National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire or the overall scores of the Quality of Vision questionnaire, though significantly more trifocal subjects reported that the observed visual disturbances were " bothersome " (P,0.05). Conclusion: Both lens modalities provided subjects with excellent binocular near and distance vision, with similar low rates of visual disturbances and good reported functional vision. The trifocal IOL provided significantly better intermediate VA in the viewing distance range of 2 m to 67 cm, corresponding to viewing things such as a car dashboard or grocery shelf. VA was similar between groups at viewing distances from 60 to 40 cm, corresponding to computer or reading distance.


Abstract : We develop and evaluate the performance of advanced algorithms which provide significantly improved capabilities for automated detection and tracking of ballistic and flying dim objects in the presence of highly structured intense clutter. Applications include ballistic missile early warning, midcourse tracking, trajectory prediction, and resident space object detection and tracking. The set of algorithms include, in particular, adaptive spatiotemporal clutter estimation-suppression and nonlinear filtering-based multiple-object track-before-detect. These algorithms are suitable for integration into geostationary, highly elliptical, or low earth orbit scanning or staring sensor suites, and are based on data-driven processing that adapts to real-world clutter backgrounds, including celestial, earth limb, or terrestrial clutter. In many scenarios of interest, e.g., for highly elliptic and, especially, low earth orbits, the resulting clutter is highly nonstationary, providing a significant challenge for clutter suppression to or below sensor noise levels which is essential for dim object detection and tracking. We demonstrate the success of the developed algorithms using semi-synthetic and real data. In particular, our algorithms are shown to be capable of detecting and tracking point objects with signal-to-clutter levels down to 1/1000 and signal-to-noise levels down to 1/4.


The Women in Applied Science and Engineering (WISE) Program at Arizona State University provides summer recruiting programs that serve to bridge elementary, secondary, and college level education. In addition to introducing students to career options, these programs spark individual interest and allow students to preview types of courses associated with engineering academics. Attrition studies have reported that women often enter into science, mathematics, and engineering with little information on their discipline and consequently decide to transfer to other majors or forgo receiving their education altogether. Therefore, it is necessary that recruitment programs create curricula that introduce the student to basic engineering concepts and directly expose them to the expectations of the college level curriculum. The WISE summer program curriculum includes several projects designed to allow the student to experience engineering in both social and academic settings. These projects center on understanding concepts of teamwork, problem solving, and analytical evaluation. Specific projects introduce students to several different engineering disciplines and allow them to draw conclusions concerning their similarities and how these disciplines interact with each other. An overview of WISE summer program projects geared toward the college level engineering curriculum is presented and a discussion of methods used to design and implement these projects is included. Specific factors that influence implementation, as well as benefits and shortcomings of the projects, is also discussed.


Regression techniques are used to measure software estimates accuracy for evaluation and validation. The common evaluation criteria in software engineering like Magnitude Relative Error (MRE) that computes absolute error percentage between actual and predicted efforts for reference samples is used. The Mean Magnitude Relative Error (MMRE) and Median Magnitude Relative Error (MdMRE) are the de facto standard evaluation criterion to assess the accuracy of software prediction models. The regression algorithms like M5 algorithm and Linear Regression in Software Effort Estimation using COCOMO dataset is evaluated. Simulation results demonstrate that the errors such as MMRE and MdMRE of M5 algorithm is less than linear regression in forecasting by 80.20 and 45.30 percentage respectively. Future work aims to reduce further the error of forecasting.


Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not children's decisions regarding naughtiness and types of punishment differ according to age and sex. One hundred thirty-five subjects were interviewed after hearing two stories from Piaget's (1932/1965) initial study of moral reasoning in children. Subjects were asked: (a) whether or not both children were naughty and how the subjects knew that; (b) should either or both children be punished; and (c) if so, what type of punishment should be given? Consistent with Piaget's findings, significant age variability was found. Counter to Piaget's findings, age seemed not to account significantly for more expiatory type punishment suggestions than sanctions by reciprocity. The findings imply that the children in the study did not make the connection between the act that was committed and what logical consequences followed.


Acacia auriculiformis is an evergreen tree with distinct sapwood and heartwood. It shows variations in starch content in the cells of the wood during different seasons of the year. But there is no marked variation in lipids and phenolics contents. The localization patterns of seven different hydrolysing, oxidizing and respiratory enzymes have been studied throughout the year at the interval of two months. Acid phosphatase localization in sapwood in July and September is suggestive of its involvement in the breakdown of starch during flowering and fruiting in this period. Moderate localization of succinate dchydrogenase in outer sapwood indicates provision of sufficient energy for the physiological need. Peroxidase localization observed in sapwood in July and September suggests the high oxidative activity in the wood. In March, the localization of acid phosphatase in outer and middle sapwood and that of glucose-6-phosphatase and adenosine triphosphatase in outer sapwood and lipase activity in entire sapwood and heartwood boundary suggest the contribution of starch and lipids in formation of heartwood extractives. The overall analysis of visual localization patterns of various enzymes in the wood at six different periods of the year indicates that the heartwood formation occurs throughout the year.


Purpose
This paper aims to study the possibility of electroplating copper coatings on chemically and chemical-galvanically nickel-plated acrylic fibers, to be further processed into yarn, fabrics, knitwear and nonwoven materials.

Design/methodology/approach
Electrically conductive fibers with different copper contents have been obtained, and the effect of electrolyte pH, its composition, current strength at the first and second cathodes, as well as the metallization time on the electrophysical, physical and mechanical properties of copper-containing fibers, has been studied.

Findings
The studies have shown that with an increase in the copper content, the electrical conductivity, the uniformity of the coating and the uniformity of the electrophysical properties (for chemical-galvanically nickel-plated fiber) increase. In the case of copper plating of chemically nickel-plated fiber, the coefficient of variation in electrical resistance increases with increasing plating time, even though the copper content increases, and the coefficient of variation in copper content and electrical resistance decreases. The physical and mechanical properties of copper-containing fibers differ slightly from the original (subjected to copper plating) and industrial Nitron fibers. With copper plating, the strength of the fiber practically does not decrease, and the elongation decreases somewhat, compared with the mass-produced Nitron fiber.

Originality/value
The physical and mechanical properties of copper-containing fibers are quite high, which makes it possible to be successfully further processed into yarn, fabrics, knitwear and nonwoven materials.


Ubiquitous computing (ubicomp), as envisaged by Weiser [22], is heavily user-centric and largely concerned with applications specifically designed to meet end-user needs. Sensor populated ubicomp environments differentiate these applications from existing mobile and distributed systems through context awareness. For the system developer, the problems of heterogeneity and scalability are felt most keenly when designing this adaptive behaviour. A context-aware ubicomp system needs to operate reliably over the wide variety of situations that may be encountered. In this paper we present a technical architecture which has been implemented to support scalable, cost-effective, runtime experimentation using a framework of models to support informed decision making in an iterative design cycle.


The Jiudaowan Granite is a composite rock body,formed by 6 intrusion bodies. According to the succession of formation, it can be divided into 3 units of Daheishan, Jiudaowan and Luotaijiu, which are all composed of "S" type granite. From the early to the later, the lithological composition of them changes from basic to acid and from fine grained to coarse grained bearing phenocryst in rock texture. The order and monodirectional characteristics of the changes are evident and paragenetic close in space, which show clear affiliation and evolution relationship in formation time and changes of composition and texture and indicate that they are formed by the same magmatic thermal event. Therefore, they are merged into an ultra-unit and called Jiudaowan Ultra-Unit. According to the whole rock Rb-Sr dating of granite of Luotaijiu rock body in Luotaijiu Unit, the age of it is 730 Ma, which must belong to Late Jinning period.


Background— Up to 5% of the population may have a brain aneurysm. If the brain aneurysm ruptures, there is >50% mortality, and more than one third of survivors are dependent. Brain aneurysms detected before rupture can be treated to prevent rupture, or ruptured aneurysms can be treated to prevent rerupture. Endovascular coiling of brain aneurysms is the treatment of choice for some aneurysms; however, up to one quarter of aneurysms may recur. The coiled aneurysms that do not recur are characterized by inflammatory intra-aneurysmal tissue healing; therefore, we studied the biology of this process, specifically the role of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), a cytokine known for tissue healing. Methods and Results— We created coils with a 50:50 poly-DL-lactic glycolic acid (PLGA) coating that released MCP-1 at 3 different doses (100 &mgr;g/mL, 1 mg/mL, and 10 mg/mL) and performed a dose-response study for effect on intra-aneurysmal tissue healing in a murine carotid aneurysm model. We then demonstrated that MCP-1 (100 &mgr;g/mL)–releasing coils promote significantly greater aneurysm tissue in-growth than bare platinum or PLGA-only coils. We show that MCP-1 recruits the migration of fibroblasts, macrophages, smooth muscle cells, and endothelial cells in vitro in cell migration assays and in vivo in murine carotid aneurysms. Using gfp+ bone marrow-transplant chimeric mice, we demonstrate that the MCP-1–recruited fibroblasts and macrophages are derived from the bone marrow. We demonstrate that this MCP-1–mediated vascular inflammatory repair occurs via a macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1&agr;– and MIP-2–dependent pathway. MCP-1 released from coiled murine aneurysms causes significant upregulation of MIP-1&agr; and MIP-2 expression by cytokine array assay. Blocking MIP-1&agr; and MIP-2 with antagonist antibody causes a significant decrease in MCP-1–mediated intra-aneurysmal tissue healing. Conclusion— Our findings suggest that MCP-1 has a critical role in promoting inflammatory intra-aneurysmal tissue healing in an MIP-1&agr;– and MIP-2–dependent pathway.


The number of automatic move irrigation systems is increasing. In order to reduce the cost of energy consumed, four technologies have been analyzed. The use of the power from the electrical grid may have the best results, but the cost-effectiveness of this power supply scheme depends on the line length. The use of irrigation water to cool an engine is safe against other technologies and this technology is always profitable. The efficiency of liquefied petroleum gas as an engine-generator fuel is moderate and depends on the ratio of fuel prices. A hydraulic drive of alternator can potentially save up to 50 % of fuel costs.


concerns, clinical condition, and cognitive functions): A screening tool for the evaluation of the at-risk driver. J Am Geriatr Soc 2010;58:1104–1108. 5. Carr DB, Barco PP, Wallendorf MJ et al. Predicting road test performance in drivers with dementia. J Am Geriatr Soc 2011;59:2112–2117. 6. Marottoli RA, Richardson ED, Stowe MH et al. Development of a test battery to identify older drivers at risk for self-reported adverse driving events. J Am Geriatr Soc 1998;46:562–568. 7. Stiell IG, Wells GA. Methodologic standards for the development of clinical decision rules in emergency medicine. Ann Emerg Med 1999;33:437–447. 8. Wilber ST, Carpenter CR, Hustey FM. The Six-Item Screener to detect cognitive impairment in older emergency department patients. Acad Emerg Med 2008;15:613–616. 9. Shua-Haim JR, Gross JS. The "co-pilot" driver syndrome. J Am Geriatr Soc 1996;44:815–817. 10. Subzwari S, Desapriya E, Babul-Wellar S et al. Vision screening of older drivers for preventing road traffic injuries and fatalities. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2009;CD006252 doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD006252.pub2.


The cross-curricular projectEnergy as a Valuedescribed in this study involved almost all subjects in the K-12 curriculum ofthe so-called technical gymnasium. It became the framework for an effective Science, Technology, Engineering andMathematics (STEM) education. Although the project offered interdisciplinary connection of all STEM subjects,promoted problem-based learning and pointed out to applications of subjects' contents to engineering profession it wasnot added up as a successful one. Teachers' satisfaction was questionable at the end of the four-year project time. Teacherswere notinitiators for a new project. The Engineering Education Beliefs and Expectations Instrument for STEM educationis used in order to find the reasons for such an ambitious project not being carried out again. The instrument documentsteachers' beliefs and expectations about pre-college engineering instruction, college preparation, and career success inengineering, and compares teachers' views. It is applied to teachers of technical gymnasiums in Slovenia that teach STEMsubjects in order to find out if there are differences between beliefs of teachers that carried out theEnergy as a Valueprojectand teachers from other technical gymnasiums, as well as differences between beliefs of mathematics/science teachers andtechnology-based/engineering teachers. The results of statistical analyses give answers about obstacles that teachers whocarried out the ambitious STEM education in a particular school system might be confronted with


The evaluation of urban geo-environment should be further improved with the continuous refinement of the zone division of different functional regions.In this paper,the different types of functional regions in Jiujiang City were systematically divided based on geological point of view,and geological suitability evaluations of the primary functional land(public facilities and living land,industrial and warehouse land,eco-green land) were carried out.The results of the geo-environmental evaluations on the three types of functional land were integrated and,combined with the land using in Jiujiang City,the proposal for the optimized layout of land used for different functions of Jiujiang City was put out through a systematic analysis,and then the reference based on the evaluation of the geo-environment was provided for the late planning and adjustment.


A large amt. of glutamic acid was present in the free amino acid pool of developing ova of the silkworm. Alanine aminotransferase (EC 126.96.36.199) was the most active aminotransferase studied at all stages of the development of the ova. When oxalacetate was incubated with glutamic acid or glutamine along with the ext. of the developing ovary, alanine was produced as a result of the coupled action of 2 enzymes, oxalacetate decarboxylase (EC 18.104.22.168) and alanine aminotransferase. In the presence of glutamine aminotransferase from the developing ovary, alanine was produced from pyruvic acid and the donor glutamine was converted to glutamic acid. [on SciFinder(R)]


Short story theory is nowadays a lively area of critical discussion, but this is a new phenomenon. Until very recently if a monograph on the short story was published, it constituted an isolated orphan among a countless list of titles delving into other narrative forms. "No more than a decade ago," wrote Susan Lohafer and Jo Ellyn Clarey in 1989 "referring to a 'field' of short story criticism would have seemed odd" (1989: vii). The book by Lohafer and Clarey, Short Story Theory at a Crossroads set the standard for successive studies that increased in number in the nineties and in the first years of the new millennium. Instead of being exhaustive books, written by a single author with the aim of settling the matter (the works by Walter Allen (1981) or John Bayley (1988) are excellent examples of its kind), the new trend collected the opinions of several experts in one same volume with the basic aim of promoting discussion on the short story. The book by the pioneering scholar in the academic field of the short story Charles E. May, The New Short Story Theories (1994), follows this pattern. It contains classic pieces by authors like Poe or Brander Matthews, together with contemporary texts by writers like Julio Cortazar or Nadine Gordimer. It deals with aspects of definition of the short story, together with historical considerations and


This paper presents new cooling methods for permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSM) with flux barriers. For a vehicle powertrain application the permanent magnet synchronous machines is a very popular choice, because of high power density, a high efficiency and the small package. However, this machine is susceptible to suffer insulations failures of coils and demagnetization of magnets under severe thermal condition. Therefore, it is important to have an efficient cooling method for the PMSM to generate high heat dissipation. The configurations of the new cooling methods are presented in this paper. Three different topologies are compared with a standard water cooling jacket configuration. A finite volume Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) model is applied to have a very accurate and comprehensive simulation.


Long‐term chemotherapy‐related cognitive dysfunction (CRCD) affects a large number of cancer survivors. To the authors' knowledge, to date there is no established treatment for this survivorship problem. The authors herein report results of a small randomized controlled trial of a cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), Memory and Attention Adaptation Training (MAAT), compared with an attention control condition. Both treatments were delivered over a videoconference device.


s and full papers published within these proceedings have all been accepted following double blind refereeing by independent experts. Abstracts submitted: 86. Full papers published for presentation: 36 The Editors would like to thank all the academics who gave their time and expertise to the refereeing process.


This paper presents comparative and faunistic analysis of the species of fruit flies captured in McPhail traps (from June to December 2002) baited with 5% corn protein hydrolyzed. Species richness and the patterns of population are compared between forest and orchard environments and between the counties of Palmas and Porto Nacional. A total of 1,748 individuals of Tephritidae belonging to species of three genera were collected: Tomoplagia Coquillett, 1910, Anastrepha Schiner, 1868 and Ceratitis MacLeay, 1829. Species of three genera of Lonchaeidae were also captured: Lonchaea Fallen, 1820, Neosilba McAlpine, 1962 and Dasiops Rondani, 1856. Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann, 1824) and nineteen species of the genus Anastrepha were collected. Most of the collected individuals (69.1%) belonged to A. obliqua (Macquart, 1935). The average numbers of tephritid individuals in Palmas and native forests were significantly lower than Porto Nacional and orchards, respectively. According to the Shannon diversity index (H') and test t used for comparing the fruit flies fauna among the environments, it was verified that only one comparison showed significant difference (P<0,05), that is, the diversity of the orchards in Palmas (H=1.96) was greater than in Porto Nacional (H=0.81). Based on the faunistic indexes A. obliqua and A. distincta Greene, 1934 were found to be constant, dominant and very abundant in almost all environments.


Diasporic repatriates represent an increasingly common type of repatriates, who, after a brief period of self-initiated expatriation, have made the move back to their country of origin. While there...


In the years 1996–2000 the ergot infection of male sterile lines of rye (P lines) used in hybrid breeding program was investigated. The number of sclerotia in 1 kg seed samples of P lines cultivated in isolated fields with different pollen parents (topcrosses) was calculated. In natural field conditions a high level of ergot infection of male sterile rye was found. The following factors influenced the infection of male sterile lines of rye: weather conditions during pre-anthesis and anthesis period, pollen productivity of pollen parent, synchronisation of anthesis between seed and pollen parents and susceptibility to ergot infection.


In spatially enabled database, spatial data and traditional structured data share same query processing engine (QPE) through the standard SQL interface. It's essential to design a robust QPE to efficiently support and process query workflow which is mixed with spatial and non-spatial predictions. Currently most of spatially enabled databases adopt the "blackbox model" to support the spatial query processing. However, due to lack of the mechanism in spatial data type and prediction, current approaches are still difficult to generate efficient spatial query execution plans. Our paper firstly proposes an multi-layer mechanism to extend spatial data type and function for the QPE. QPE can add or remove spatial modules without affecting the rest of the system. Secondly a cost evaluation framework to process different query flow is introduced. The framework calculates each query plan cost and chooses the optimal query plan to execute in bottom-up fashion. The cost evaluation in QPE is aware of spatial operations. The interfaces of optimizer in QPE are designed to improve the accuracy of cost parameters. Considering the importance of cardinality estimation in cost calculation, an revised probability cumulative density histogram are introduced to generalize spatial data distribution and improve the accurate selectivity and cardinality estimation of spatial selection in cost calculation phase. This histogram uses probability density to interpolate cells which intersect with regular cells in any corner points or edges. Meanwhile, statistics are collected from the registered tables which monitor the in-memory statement of different components and then feed back to optimizer in QPE to activate inter-query optimization. Thirdly, we also introduce spatial join physical operators into query execution component to enhance spatial join execution efficiency. Our spatially enabled database and QPE prototype are implemented on open source Ingres database and compatible with SQL/MM specification. Real datasets are used to verify QPE correctness and efficiency. Our experiments show that the QPE improves the accuracy of spatial predictions in cost estimation. The average error of spatial selection is less than 20%. Estimated cost for each query execution plan is positively correlative with actual execution time. And the introduced spatial physical operators in execution component improve more than 10% execution efficiency in the optimal query plan.


A crucial challenge for quantum information processing (QIP) is perfectly transmitting a quantum state from one place to another as well as storing the information of a quantum state. Recently, as much attentions have been paid to the solid-based quantum computing, there are many proposals for quantum state transfer and storage, using quantum spin systems as quantum data bus and quantum memory[1, 2, 3, 4]. In other hand the Heisenberg chain is a typical spin system in condensed-matter physics. It has attracted considerable attentions for a long time in describing various magnetic properties of materials. As a strong correlated system[5, 6, 7, 8, 9], it can display rich nonlinearities induced by inter-spin interaction. The typical nonlinear phenomenon is the solitary wave, that is a wave packet propagate without either energy loss and wave packet spreading. In this sense it is quite natural to consider the role of soliton wave in quantum state transfer and quantum information storage. Generally there are two major approaches to theoretically study the solitary excitation in the one-dimension (1D) Heisenberg chain[11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19]. 1) each spin is represented as a Bloch vector, and a solitary excitation is found by investigating the nonlinear dynamics of this classical variable[12, 13]. 2) Another procedure is to employ the boson mappings of spin operators via the Holstein-Primakoff transformation and JordanSchwinger realization[10]. By making use of the spincoherent-state representation, a solvable nonlinear differential equation can be deduced from the Heisenberg equation for the mapping boson operators, therefore a solitary excitation is implied in the system[14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19]. Our present investigation is motivated by the well known knowledge in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) that the effective spin-spin interaction can be controlled by the angle of the external applied magnetic field[10]. Here, to some extent, the inter-spin coupling can be can-


Since now the design of slope stability was calculated by means of safety ratio, but nowadays we are going to change this approach to limit states - according to Eurocode 7. For the limit states approach it is necessary to define design values not only of soil properties but also of reinforcing elements. The proposed calculation method of the slope stability using limit states approach was transferred into a computer program SVARG. By this program it is possible to calculate the internal and external stability of reinforced earth structure. The principles of the selected calculation method and examples of stability calculations are presented hereafter.


Mole fraction and carbon numbers of components were used to describe the binary systems. Two models of kinematic viscosity and density for n - haxane + n - nonane system were derived respectively by using genetic programming techniques. Predictions based on these models were compared with the experiments.


The reactons of (CO2)2+ and (CO)2+ with various additives have been investigated using the NBS high-pressure photoionization mass spectrometer at total pressures of 0.4–1.0 torr of either CO2 or CO. The additives include CH4, CD4, C2H2, O2, H2O, 15,14N2O, and CO in both CO2 and 13CO2. Second- and third-order rate coefficients based on an ambipolar diffusion model are reported for 25 separate reaction pairs at 295°K, as well as sequential cationic reaction mechanisms. An approximate value of 225 ± 3 kcal/mol (941 ± 13 kJ/mol) was derived for ΔHf (CO)2+ based on the kinetics observed in various CO-additive mixtures. Some projections regarding the utility of the data under other conditions are also included.


This article explains how to combine innovative talents training with mental and political education organically in colleges in the following three respects :1.Strengthening the practice of mental and political education.2.Enriching the content of mental and political education.3.Improving the approaches of mental and political education.


Rapid Intensifications (RI) of tropical cyclones (TCs) provide major error sources in the challenging task of TC intensity forecasting. There are many factors that affect the RI processes of TCs, and identifying the combination of conditions most favorable to RI development is very time consuming when using traditional statistical data analysis methods. Data mining techniques are implemented to the data for SHIPS (Statistical Hurricane Intensity Prediction Scheme), an operational hurricane intensity forecasting model, to identify the "optimal" RI condition combinations when the number of affecting factors is given. One such combination (high latitude, low longitude, the TC being in an intensification phase, an initial intensity far away from the maximum potential intensity, high steering layer value, and low relative eddy flux convergence) gives such a high RI probability that the combination can be considered as a sufficient condition for RI, which almost guarantees that an RI will take place.


Abstract 1. The effect of intermittent light (IL) on the growth of broilers was tested under commercial conditions. One‐d‐old chickens were subjected to continuous light (CL) until 7 d of age and then received either CL or 7.5L: 4.5D: 7.5L: 4.5D until 53 d. Body and testes weights were measured. 2. At 53 d of age, the mean body weight of males was greater on IL than on CL; for females there was no difference. The testes of males on IL weighed more than those on CL. Growth of broilers was greater (P<0.05) at 35, 49 and 53 days of age if light was provided continuously from hatch to 7 d of age and then switched to IL than those remaining on CL during the entire periods.


Author(s): Diamant, Rolf | Abstract: This "Letter from Woodstock" editorial column considers current events in the USA and their relation to the story the US National Park Service tells about its origins.


We report the results of RF surface impedance measurements of heavy-fermion superconductors, PrOs 4 Sb 12 and UBe 13 . For highly conductive material such as heavy-fermion superconductors, the RF impedance measurements at lowtemperatures provide surface impedance Z s = R s + i X s of the sample. The field dependence of Z s ( H ) in PrOs 4 Sb 12 and UBe 13 shows anomalies at 0.4–0.6 H c2 , indicating the anomalous vortex pinning. We report measurements of the H – T phase diagram of PrOs 4 Sb 12 and UBe 13 from the field dependence of Z s ( H ).


In early childhood, as in many fields confronted by criticism and change, adopting a critical stance has often been and continues to be difficult, uncomfortable, and poorly practised. Aspects of the current context of early childhood are creating a strong imperative to adopt a more critical perspective on policy and practice. This paper asserts that the strong tradition of collaboration in early childhood provides a foundation on which to build in adopting critical stances to researching our own practice, both informal and informal circumstances. Critical collaborative relationships provide supportive and potentially productive sites for the examination of the structures and assumptions that underpin practices. Adopting a critical stance to our collaborative endeavours has the potential to help the field to resist the temptations, overcome the challenges, and take advantage of the opportunities presented by change.


The combination treatments of silkworm cocoon preservative agent with different storage temperatures [(25±5)℃,(3±1)℃] were applied to loquat fruit(Eriobotrya japonica) to investigate the effect of silkworm cocoon as a preservative on the quality maintenance of loquat fruits.Banana fruits were further used to test the effect of silkworm cocoon on C2H4 adsorption.Banana fruits were sealed in jars,with two kinds of preservatives,cocoon and perlite at low temperature [(13±1) ℃] or room temperature [(25±5) ℃] respectively.The application of silkworm cocoon combined with low temperature could significantly reduce fruit decay after 30 d storage,the percentage of non-decayed fruit being as high as 90%,compared with the fruit stored at same temperature without the agent.Ethylene accumulation significantly declined with cocoon as a solid adsorption agent,the effect being better than that of active carbon.


Minnesota's Toward Zero Deaths safety program has demonstrated tremendous success in engaging the public and education, enforcement, engineering and emergency service communities to reduce fatalities. Since the program began in 1995, traffic fatality rates have decreased by over 35 percent in the state. There are many factors contributing to this success, but much can be credited to enhanced enforcement, education and outreach, engineering and emergency trauma care. The Toward Zero Deaths program partners use data to target areas for improvement and employ proven countermeasures,. The program also advances new technologies and innovations and implements best practices. In keeping with this targeted crash and countermeasure approach, the Minnesota Department of Transportation has developed various Rural Intersection Conflict Warning Systems to reduce crashes at rural stop-controlled intersections. These crashes continue to represent a significant share of transportation fatalities and injuries throughout Minnesota. According to the Minnesota Motor Vehicle Crash Facts, in 2010 there were 411 people killed on Minnesota roads and another 31,176 were injured. Non-signalized (overhead flashers and other stop sign) intersections were the site of 10,013 (14%) of those crashes in 2010 resulting in 65 fatalities and 5,100 personal injuries. Recently, agencies have turned to Intelligent Transportation Systems as another tool for improving safety at intersections. Over the past several years, a variety of major and minor road oriented Intersection Conflict Warning Systems have been developed and tested in many states across the country. Through its leadership role in the ENTERPRISE transportation pooled fund project, Developing Consistency in ITS Safety Solutions - Intersection Warning Systems, MnDOT is aware of over a dozen different systems that have been deployed at over 120 intersections throughout the United States (http://enterprise.prog.org/Projects/2010_Present/developingconsistency.html). Deployment sites in North Carolina and Missouri have seen over 30% reductions in total crashes (based on simple before and after studies). MnDOT and its partners have also successfully completed several research oriented projects using these systems, including the USDOT-sponsored Cooperative Intersection Collision Avoidance System-Stop Sign Assist developed in partnership with the University of Minnesota and the Intersection Warning System project completed in partnership with local vendors and Hennepin County. These Intersection Conflict Warning Systems provide drivers with substantial warnings that range in complexity from gap and speed to simple presence detection of approaching vehicles. The systems typically consist of three primary components: vehicle detection (i.e., inductive loops or radar devices), static warning signs, and dynamic warning devices (i.e., flashing beacons, light emitting diodes or dynamic message sign).Building upon this previous experience, Mn/DOT is moving forward with a Rural Intersection Conflict Warning Systems Deployment project deploying systems at up to 150 intersections throughout Minnesota as a safety improvement effort. The primary goal of this project is to reduce crashes as stop-controlled intersections by deploying Intersection Conflict Warning Systems. The project will also allow MnDOT and its partners to more conclusively evaluate the effectiveness these systems at reducing crashes under certain conditions (i.e., road types, traffic volumes, etc.), as well as their longer term operational and maintenance needs.


Abstract The paper describes the Power Management System of the real power station for a refinery plant feeding. The power station is situated in the north part of Caspian region in Kazakhstan. The local power system shares the resources and collaborates with the other north Caspian power sources via the 220 kV transmission lines labeled "KEGOC". The model is extensiveness, therefore the substance of this contribution was reduced to following items. Firstly, the basic description of the power source modeling – generator. Secondly, the relationship between NPS power station and NPS consumption. In this paper are published simulation results of the model verification, which is still in the progress. The simulation and modeling composition of Power Management System will be used for future analysis, design and implementation of the real power station in Kazakhstan refinery plant.


One of the advantages of speech synthesis based on the vocal tract shapes is flexibility in speech sounds depending on the articulatory parameters. In order to take advantage of the flexibility, preparing various vocal tract shapes is important. To achieve this, this paper describes the development of a vocal tract design tool based on a growth curve of the vocal tract length reported by literature. In this tool, the growth curve is used to calculate the size of the vocal tract. A user can obtain a vocal tract shape depending on the age and sex using a slide button on the interface window. The parameters that describe vocal tract shape and vocal folds are used to produce vowel sounds and their formant frequencies are obtained. According to literature, there is a relationship between the fundamental frequency and formant frequencies through the age. We compared the formant frequencies calculated from the tool with those estimated from the literature. The comparison showed that the calculated formant frequencies were in relatively good agreement with the estimated ones. In addition, the distribution of the first and second formant frequencies showed a typical pentagonal distribution.


We present a review of the family Pezizaceae in Mexico. The first record of a Peziza dates from 1875, when Cooke recorded Peziza cordovensis. To date, this family is represented by 7 genera containing 29 species, of which the genus Peziza is the most diverse with 18 species, followed by genus Pachyphloeus with 4. Five species of the 29 species listed are considered doubtful. Of the 7 genera recorded, 3 are hypogeous (Hydnobolites, Mattirolomyces y Pachyphloeus), 1 is epigeous and semi-hypogeous (Sarcosphaera) and 4 are ectomycorrhizal. We found 3 edible species: Sarcosphaera coronaria (edible when young), Peziza badia (edible only after boiling) and P. phyllogena (edible without indications). The species are distributed in 15 states, being Distrito Federal with more records. We found 6 vegetation types with records of this family, from which the mixed forest has more species (20). Two keys were developed for the identification of genera of Pezizaceae known from Mexico and for Peziza, as the genus with more species recorded.


This Supplement to AE comprises four papers plus one report from the 10 IAAER World Congress of Accounting Educators which was held in Istanbul during 9–11 November 2006. This event, which is being held every four years since 2002, and which was held every five years prior to 2002, is the IAAER's main conference (but by no means its only conference in each cycle of four years). The Istanbul congress was jointly organised with:


This paper reports a study that was carried out to investigate, in a comparative perspective, the Socio-educational experiences of individuals living with severe deafness in some mainstream and special schools in the South West and North West regions of Cameroon. In this study, data was collected using questionnaires distributed to a purposively sampled population of students with deafness (No=30), 15 from mainstream and 15 from special schools. The data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics and the Pearson chi square to measure significant differences and similarities. Findings were highly diversified. Generally, the bulk of the students in both types of institutional placements were positive about their socio-educational experiences. Comparatively, findings in mainstream schools reveal that majority of the students do not benefit equal level of socio-educational experiential support like their non-disabled peers and peers with other categories of disabilities. Their socio educational experiences include limitation in: interaction with teachers; provision of visual resources; classroom communication strategies and peer acceptance. In contrast, their counterparts placed in special schools benefit from all such socio-educational experiential supports. On the other hand, learning and academic achievement of students with deafness were the same in both types of schools. In conclusion, the study suggests that school stakeholders should embark on the least restrictive environment placement that will promote the socio-educational experiences necessary for effective schooling and learning of all students living with severe deafness.

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Introduction Traditional surveillance methods have been enhanced by the emergence of online participatory syndromic surveillance systems that collect health-related digital data. These systems have many applications including tracking weekly prevalence of Influenza-Like Illness (ILI), predicting probable infection of Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19), and determining risk factors of ILI and COVID-19. However, not every volunteer consistently completes surveys. In this study, we assess how different missing data methods affect estimates of ILI burden using data from FluTracking, a participatory surveillance system in Australia. Methods We estimate the incidence rate, the incidence proportion, and weekly prevalence using five missing data methods: available case, complete case, assume missing is non-ILI, multiple imputation (MI), and delta ({delta}) MI, which is a flexible and transparent method to impute missing data under Missing Not at Random (MNAR) assumptions. We evaluate these methods using simulated and FluTracking data. Results Our simulations show that the optimal missing data method depends on the measure of ILI burden and the underlying missingness model. Of note, the {delta}-MI method provides estimates of ILI burden that are similar to the true parameter under MNAR models. When we apply these methods to FluTracking, we find that the {delta}-MI method accurately predicted complete, end of season weekly prevalence estimates from real-time data. Conclusion Missing data is an important problem in participatory surveillance systems. Here, we show that accounting for missingness using statistical approaches leads to different inferences from the data.


Conventional semiconductor‐based photomixers are limited by the carrier transit‐time‐roll‐off and the RC‐roll‐off of the device‐capacitance. We have developed a THz‐photomixer which can overcome both limitations and proves far superior to a conventional pin‐photomixer. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


Struck axle is a critical component of truck that bears the auto-body weight and load weight. Fatigue life safety is the primary consideration in the design process of axle. With the development of environmental protection concept of energy saving and emission reduction, lightweight design of vehicles becomes more and more urgent. It has been becoming a mainstream trend for design to ensure both safety and significantly reduce the weight of axle. Based on the basic truck axle structure design, revised designs with thickness-reduced were proposed to reduce the weight of truck axle .Both basic and modified design were modeled using Abaqus 3D software to calculate the stress and strain contours in the case of vertical load and axial torque, then fatigue life contours of models for each load case were calculated with the help of Brown-Miner biaxial fatigue theory. It was shown by the research that topology-optimization of truck axle, under a premise of qualified fatigue life and stiffness required by customers, can reduce the weight of two kinds of truck axles by 15.3% and 18.1% respectively.


This article depicts the advancement for therapeutic master framework to finding from claiming human ailments [MExS]. MExS could be used to perform exactly Factual assessments looking into patient's manifestations which we Figure over our Everyday life, with identify those specific malady. It will be a choice help supportive network In view of those manifestations. We portray another technique to making weighted fluffy set principle should manage those medicinal diagnosing issues starting with the preparation information. It will be a causal tenet (whose "IF" a major aspect positively makes the "THEN" Some piece with happen as an effect) based therapeutic analysis master framework. Those analysts would attempt to propel will create product that will aid those doctors, doctor or an ordinary individual done settling on straight choice without At whatever interview with the master. The point about this paper is will create an absolute master which bargains with those sicknesses for liver, kidney, ENT, MD, blood, apprehensive system, eye, What's more skin. This master framework is an accumulation about distinctive masters identified with human under a single unit with foresees the human ailments.


Synthetic UV-grade fused silica, crystalline fluorides, and dielectric coatings have been evaluated for transparency and durability at 193 nm. Most bulk materials eventually develop color centers, and fused silica also changes its density and index of refraction. However, the rate at which these changes occur and their magnitude vary strongly with material, grade, and other more subtle details. Careful selection and possibly pretesting are recommended, in order to ensure optimal matching between the intended application and the material properties.


Historians have long aspired to see beyond the rise and fall of dynasties to the longue durée and the major changes over time in Chinese society. The five empirically rich and theoretically sophisticated books discussed in this essay all share this goal. While they make distinct contributions, they have in common close attention to the relationships between the state, the elite, and local institutions between the late Tang and Qing periods. Reading them together encourages rethinking the state-and-society issues that historians have been debating for a generation. In this essay, after a brief summary of each book's major contributions, I suggest ways they help us conceptualize the long-term processes of continuity and change from the late Tang to the Qing.


Both Anne Clifford's early diaries and her later summary diaries involve an elaborate process of re-annotating and contextualizing. The audience Clifford had in mind when she wrote extends from herself to her immediate family and then to a posterity that would bear witness to her rightful inheritance of her estates. In order to understand this process it is necessary to pay careful attention to examples of Clifford's writing practice and to her intended audience. The subtle differences between the three sets of Great Books lodged at the Cumbria records office in Kendal need to be examined in detail; here a few instances are explored.


To the Editor:

The study, "Enalapril in Infants with Single Ventricle: Results of a Multicenter Randomized Trial" enrolled 230 infants with a single ventricle before their cavopulmonary connection surgery, randomized them to enalapril or placebo, and found no difference in somatic growth among study groups during the next 9 months.1 The major rationale for the study was equipoise among pediatric cardiologists with respect to benefit from angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in the study population. Although the study demonstrates adequately what it set out to do, the findings are applicable to the specific population only and cannot be generalized to all children with heart failure, not …


tablished treatment comparison to TAU, the final effect size for ACT as compared to established treatment comparisons was g = 0.27, 95% CI = 0.03–0.51; p = 0.03. In summary, ACT was superior to established treatment comparisons in the authors' database. Additional studies have since been added to the ACT database which would strengthen that conclusion, but further research will tell the final tale.


Hair colouring is currently widely used by women and men of all ages [1]. All hair-colouring agents can trigger allergic contact dermatitis, and p-phenylenediamine (PPD, 1,4-diaminobenzene) is the most common trigger. Oxidative stress may be an essential part of sensitization to contact allergy to p-phenylenediamine [2, 3]. Therefore, it appears that antioxidants could reduce the elicited reactions to p-phenylenediamine [4]. Astaxanthin has demonstrated antioxidant properties, approximately 6,000-fold stronger than that of ascorbic acid [5]. This study aimed to examine whether pre-treatment of the upper back skin with astaxanthin can reduce the elicited reaction to p-phenylenediamine in sensitized subjects. Thirteen volunteers with allergy assocaciated with p-phenylenediamine were recruited into the trial. All participants had a history of skin symptoms after hair dying and a confirmed patch test reaction to 1% p-phenylenediamine. One percent p-phenylenediamine in petrolatum was supplied by Allertech (Smart Practice, Canada). A 0.07% Astaxanthin emulsion was purchased from Cosmaprof Company (Bangkok, Thailand). The


Abstract Immunogold labeling was applied to scanning electron microscopy to examine the inner structure of leaves of G4 plants, maize and linger millet. Ultrastructural features of the G4 plant leaves were observed on cross sections in the secondary electron imaging mode of the scanning electron microscope. Immunogold localization was well recognized in the backscattered imaging mode at the low accelerating voltage of 5 kV on the specimens treated with tannic acid and Oso4 instead of metal coating. Gold labeling of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase was specifically distributed on the cut surface of bundle sheath chloroplasts of the C4 plants. Gold particles were scarcely observed in mesophyll chloroplasts or other organelles. Freeze-cracking of the leaves was found to be effective to expose the inner structure of the organelles. The secondary and backscattered electron images were also compared under various accelerating voltages.


The invention provides an automatic music video generation method and system based on relation between music and images. The method includes: acquiring music used for generating music video; subjecting the music to time sequence segmentation according to texture features of the music to obtain music clips; acquiring images, analyzing relevance between the music clips and the images to obtain related images corresponding to the music clips; generating the music video by taking the music clips and the related images as materials. According to the method and system, time sequence segmentation is performed on the music according to the texture features of the music, then quality and aesthetic evaluation is performed on content of the images by means of analyzing acquaintance degree between the images and the music, each piece of music is selected automatically and image content is recommended on the basis, animation effect is matched, and accordingly the music video is generated automatically. By the method and system, amateurs without professional knowledge can conveniently make the music video, and music video making quality and efficiency are improved.


The light-induced reorientation of the cortical microtubule array in dark-grown A. thaliana hypocotyl cells is a striking example of the dynamical plasticity of the microtubule cytoskeleton. A consensus model, based on katanin-mediated severing at microtubule crossovers, has been developed that successfully describes the onset of the observed switch between a transverse and longitudinal array orientation. However, we currently lack an understanding of of why the newly populated longitudinal array direction remains stable for longer times, when the initial trigger for the reorientation has died out, and re-equilibration effects would tend to drive the system back to a mixed orientation state. Using both simulations and analytical calculations, we show that the assumption of a small orientation-dependent shift in microtubule dynamics is sufficient to explain the long term lock-in of the longitudinal array orientation. Furthermore, we show that the natural alternative hypothesis that there is a selective advantage in severing longitudinal microtubules, is neither necessary nor sufficient to achieve cortical array reorientation, but is able to accelerate this process significantly.


Oxidative stress has been involved in the pathogenesis of several neurological diseases including acute stroke. The paper describes the main features of the oxygen and nitrogen reactive species, their role in damage caused by stroke, and briefly indicates the effects


Carbon nanofibers( CNFs) are easy to aggregate together. To solve this problem,CNFs were purified by high temperature treatment and stable homogenous CNF suspension was obtained by using methylcellulose( MC) as a surfactant. The purification of CNFs and the homogenous CNF suspension were investigated by differential thermal analysis,thermo-gravimetric analysis,ultraviolet absorbency and zeta potential. Furthermore,the isotherm adsorption of MC on CNFs and surface tension of CNFs in MC solution were studied. The dispersion mechanism of CNFs in aqueous MC solution was discussed. The results showed that the zeta potentials of CNFs increased progressively from-15.4 mV to 0,and the surface tension decreased from 38.87 mN /m to 36.54 mN /m. The isotherm adsorption of MC showed an adsorption platform,and the isotherm reached the saturation plateau at MC concentration of about 0.4 g /L. The optimum MC to CNFs ratio of 2 ∶ 1 by mass was required to achieve dispersions with maximum achievable dispersion of CNFs in the aqueous MC solution.


In accordance with some specialists, chemistry teaching must be centered in the chemical knowledge and the social context. A chronicle narrates facts and events, through its own linguistic structures, in contrast to the eloquence of the great literary classics and of the classic approach of the textbooks of Chemistry. The short narrative, focused on everyday themes, allows the chronicles to be accessible, from the point of view of reading and written production. The proposal of using the chronicles in the teaching of chemistry, through a multimodal approach, evidences multiple possibilities of learning and conceptual change, highly desirable for the learning of the sciences. In this article, we discuss the use of Chronicles for Chemical Teaching, who consists in a good alternative to provide a better interaction between the student and the chemical knowledge. It would consist in an additional tool to be used by the teacher. We present two chronicles, that can be used in classrooms, for the deepening of contents involving the area of chemistry, desirable to the learning of the sciences.


In mammals, reproduction is dependent on specific neurons secreting the neuropeptide gonadotropin hormone–releasing hormone-1 (GnRH-1). These cells originate during embryonic development in the olfactory placode and migrate into the forebrain, where they become integral members of the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis. This migratory process is regulated by a wide range of guidance cues, which allow GnRH-1 cells to travel over long distances to reach their appropriate destinations. The Semaphorin4D (Sema4D) receptor, PlexinB1, is highly expressed in the developing olfactory placode, but its function in this context is still unknown. Here, we demonstrate that PlexinB1-deficient mice exhibit a migratory defect of GnRH-1 neurons, resulting in reduction of this cell population in the adult brain. Moreover, Sema4D promotes directional migration in GnRH-1 cells by coupling PlexinB1 with activation of the Met tyrosine kinase (hepatocyte growth factor receptor). This work identifies a function for PlexinB1 during brain development and provides evidence that Sema4D controls migration of GnRH-1 neurons.


In South Africa, heavy haul railway transport was introduced in the mid-1970s for the Iron Ore and the Coal Export lines. In recent decades, the expansion of existing mines, new markets and the competition of iron ore- and coal-exporting countries have led owners and operators to progressively increase the capacity of the export lines. On the one hand, operational efficiencies have been improved; on the other hand, a significant increase of the rail traffic has been experienced. Thus, bridges along the export lines are now crossed by heavier and longer trains with more frequent train passages than in the past. Increasing train loading might lead to significant consequences on structures such as dynamic amplifications and reduction of service life due to fatigue. Hence dynamic assessment and monitoring of the structural condition of bridges under actual train loading are becoming more relevant to support decision making processes. The paper presents the investigations carried out on the Olifants River Viaduct, a critical structure along the Iron Ore Export Line, in order to implement a state-of-the-art vibration monitoring system.


This study was conducted to reveal the present circumstances and problems related to practical capabilities of information control and clinical nursing among nurse administrators. Therefore, to elucidate the practical capabilities of information control and use among nurse administrators, we conducted a survey of "the practical capability of information control and use of nurse administrators" using self-administered questionnaire forms. Subjects were 123 people who took certified nurse administrator training hosted by Japanese Nursing Association during August 2011 – December 2011. Results revealed that most people considered that "capabilities of nursing control are much needed." Nonetheless, at the practical level, results showed extremely low values in terms of being "capable of": 1) judging the reliability of obtained information; 2) processing data using statistical software; 3) disseminating information while devoting attention to copyrights; and 4) understanding noteworthy points related to the use of ICT and knowing how to adapt in cases of trouble. In addition, those who had received information education were only 17.9%, which was found to be one factor preventing nursing managers from improving their practical capabilities of information control and use.


Abstract. We report the case of a patient with peptic ulcer disease who developed cimetidine‐induced thrombocytopenia. The thrombocytopenia resolved spontaneously following discontinuation of cimetidine, and did not recur with ranitidine. We concluded that cimetidine and ranitidine do not necessarily cross‐react to induce thrombocytopenia. Thus the exclusion of both H2‐blockers in the event that one has caused thrombocytopenia may not be justified.


This paper is devoted to suppressing the lumped disturbance, which is mainly composed of static and dynamic unbalanced disturbance, to ensure the imaging quality of the rotating payload satellite system with a five-degree-of-freedom active magnetic bearing. The dynamic model of lumped disturbance in imaging phase is established to design the balancing error index of payload unbalance, and the effect of bearing mechanical characteristics is analyzed. A novel fixed-time extended state observer is proposed to estimate unknown lumped disturbance and uncertainty. On this basis, a novel quaternion-based fixed-time nonsingular terminal sliding mode controller is presented to achieve high precision, high stability, and chattering-free attitude control. The complete proof on the faster convergence performance of the presented sliding mode surface compared to the existing sliding mode surfaces and the fixed-time convergence of the presented controller is provided. Numerical simulation results are carried out to verify the lumped disturbance modeling accuracy and the effectiveness of the proposed controller.


Gyr is the most important zebu breed for dairy herds in Brazil and in other tropical countries. Superovulatory responses in this breed have been shown to be lower than in European or beef zebu breeds such as Nelore and Brahman. The aims of this study were to investigate the effect of the presence of a dominant follicle on the superovulatory response, and to determine endocrine patterns in superstimulated and non-superstimulated Gyr cows. The first experiment was designed to evaluate the effect of the dominant follicle on embryo yield. Multiparous, non-lactating Gyr cows were treated with a conventional superovulation (SOV) protocol [300 IU of Pluset (Serono, Roma, Italy) in 8 decreasing doses] starting on either Day 10 (G10, n = 14) or Day 8 (G8, n = 16) of the estrous cycle or 48 h after dominant follicle removal by ultrasound-guided follicle aspiration (G48, n = 10). Ovarian follicle populations were monitored daily by ultrasonography. Data were analyzed by ANOVA, and means were compared by Tukey's test. Dominant follicle removal resulted in a larger number of small follicles before SOV (27.1 ± 2.7 vs. 14.7 ± 1.5 and 13.1 ± 1.2; P 0.05), and the number of viable (IETS grades 1 and 2) embryos (3.1 ± 0.8 vs. 3.0 ± 0.7 and 3.3 ± 0.8; P > 0.05) did not differ from G10 and G8 groups, respectively. There was great variation in superovulatory response, and the Pearson correlation between follicle numbers at the time of initiating superstimulatory treatments and response was low (r e 0.49; P > 0.05). In the second experiment, endocrine patterns in superstimulated (n e 32) and non-superstimulated (n e 24) Gyr cows were compared. Blood samples were collected on Day 14 of the estrous cycle or after 4 days of FSH treatment when follicular fluid was also obtained from both groups by ultrasound-guided follicle aspiration. Plasma and follicular fluid samples were stored at −20°C until assay for progesterone (P4), androstenedione (A2), and estradiol (E2) by RIA, using commercial kits (MedLab, Auckland, New Zealand, and Diagnostic Systems Laboratories, Inc., Webster, MN, USA). Mean plasma E2 concentrations did not differ between FSH-treated and control cows (3.7 ± 0.4 vs. 3.2 ± 0.4 pg mL−1; P > 0.05). Intrafollicular concentrations of E2, A2, and P4 in FSH-stimulated follicles (mean size of 14.0 ± 1.2 mm) were 193.5 ± 83.0, 55.7 ± 17.0, and 54.8 ± 28.1 ng mL−1, respectively, lower (P < 0.05) than those found in non-superstimulated growing dominant (mean size of 11.6 ± 0.5 mm) follicles (501.2 ± 83.8, 122.2 ± 22.5, and 97.0 ± 21.9 ng mL−1, respectively), but similar to concentrations in non-superstimulated, non-dominant (mean size of 7.2 ± 0.4) follicles (152.6 ± 99.2, 37.7 ± 20.3, and 37.3 ± 6.8 ng mL−1 for E2, A2, and P4, respectively). Results suggest that factors other than follicle dominance adversely affect superovulatory responses in the Gyr breed, and that follicular steroidogenesis may also be adversely affected following treatment with exogenous FSH. Results also failed to support the use of ultrasonography to predict superovulatory response in the Gyr breed.


Recently, many researches showed that oxidative stress is a potential cause of damage in plant cells during cryopreservation, and hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) may be the leading reactive oxygen species (ROS) components. However, H(2)O(2) is not only being a toxic by product causing oxidative damage to membrane lipids, protein and DNA at high concentrations, but also involving in signal transduction pathways leading to activate the plant defense against biotic and abiotic stresses at low concentrations. The effects of H(2)O(2) in cryopreservation were investigated in the present study by adding H(2)O(2) or CAT in each step of cryopreservation, detected the dynamic changes in antioxidant systems during cryopreservation of cockscomb seedlings. The results showed that: 1) the process of cryopreservation resulted in the rise of H(2)O(2), and it reached the peak after unloading; 2) addition of either low concentration of H(2)O(2) or CAT can improve the regeneration rate of cryopreserved cockscomb seedlings, while sthe addition stages were different. Adding 4 µmol L(-1)H(2)O(2) in loading stage got 73.33±3.52% regeneration rate, and adding 200 U mL(-1) CAT during the unloading process resulted in 76.67±4.17% regeneration rate; and 3) the addition of H(2)O(2) in loading phase increased the activity of CAT in the seedlings, resulting a sharp drop of H(2)O(2) content at PVS2 stage and the continuous decline of MDA content after freezing. Therefore, we conclude that adding low concentration of H(2)O(2) at early cryopreservation steps improves cockscomb seedlings' cryo-tolerance by enhancing the antioxidant capacity, which prevents ROS accumulation.


The phase velocity on a periodic line consisting of coupled mass elements (coils) in a magnetic field is shown to be analogous to the phase velocity of a transverse Alfven wave in a conducting, incompressible fluid. As another example of the magnetomechanics of a simple "distributed" system, the motion of a conducting string in a magnetic field is discussed.


The angular position sensor designed to detect the angular position of the rotating shaft is provided. An angular position sensor having a magnet attached to a rotating shaft. The magnet has an N-pole and S-pole, and in the image to generate an amount of magnetic flux that is substantially uniform in the range extending in the vicinity of the center of each of the N and S poles. This improves the linearity of the change in sensor output with the rotation of the rotary shaft. The magnetic flux density, linear phase correction, a position sensor, a steering device


Abstract Starting from the case of Trayvon Martin, this essay explores the significant differences in the ways that blacks and whites in America narrativize the question of the post-racial. It insists upon the prevalence of racism beyond the 'post-racial' America associated with Obama's election. Contrary to the notions that race has disappeared, it examines rather the persistence of racism in the contemporary moment. It explores the role of different kinds of disappointment, suggesting that the veering between melancholia and indignation evident in public discourse produces an intensification of raciality rather than its Aufhebung, its overcoming.


China is planning to construct a new space-borne gravitational-wave (GW) observatory, the TianQin project, in which the spaceborne telescope is an important component in laser interferometry. The telescope is aimed to transmit laser beams between the spacecrafts for the measurement of the displacements between proof-masses in long arms. The telescope should have ultra-small wavefront deviation to minimize noise caused by pointing error, ultra-stable structure to minimize optical path noise caused by temperature jitter, ultra-high stray light suppression ability to eliminate background noise. In this paper, we realize a telescope system design with ultra-stable structure as well as ultra-low wavefront distortion for the space-based GW detection mission. The design requirements demand extreme control of high image quality and extraordinary stray light suppression ability. Based on the primary aberration theory, the initial structure design of the mentioned four-mirror optical system is explored. After optimization, the maximum RMS wavefront error is less than λ/300 over the full field of view, which meets the noise budget on the telescope design. The stray light noise caused by the back reflection of the telescope is also analyzed. The noise at the position of optical bench is less than 10−10 of the transmitted power, satisfying the requirements of space GW detection. We believe that our design can be a good candidate for TianQin project, and can also be a good guide for the space telescope design in any other similar science project.


THE Senghenydd explosion happened about 8.10 a.m. on October 14th, 1913, and is the worst disaster in the history of British mining. The number of men killed was 440. The whole of the men working on the eastern side of the mine were brouglht up safely, almost immediately after the explosion occurred; 18 men only were rescued from the western side, after an. exposure to the noxious fumes for twenty hours, and survived. Five died from the effects of burns and injurien sustained whilst following their ooctcpation in close proximity to the shaft, and one nwan lost hiis life on the day following the explosion whilst assisting in work at tlhe fire -which was -raging in the west main lcvel, being killed by a fall of stone. 'The -whole of tlle remaining men working on the westside were asphyxiated by carbon monoxide gas, many were also burnt and sustained multiple injuries, eitlher -as a direct consequence of the explosive blast or from being buried under falls of rcof.


Abstract Purpose: To examine the visual outcome of anterior visual pathway meningioma (AVPM) patients followed for at least one year. Methods: Data were collected on demographics, clinical course and management. Visual disability was classified at the first and last examination as follows: I – no visual disability; II – mild visual defect in one eye; III – mild visual defect in both eyes; IV – loss of driver's license; V – legally blind. Results: Eight-one AVPM patients had their tumor originate in the clinoid process in 23 (28%), sphenoid-wing area in 18 (22%), cavernous sinus in 15 (19%), tuberculum sellae in 8 (10%), and mixed in 17 (21%). On last examination, 46 patients (57%) had good visual acuity in one or both eyes (Class I or II) and 17 (21%) were mildly affected in both eyes. The rate of Class IV disability was 16%, and Class V disability was 6%. Conclusions: Attention needs to be addressed to the considerable proportion of patients with AVPM (22% in this study) who may lose their driver's license or become legally blind. Occupational therapists should play an important role in the multidisciplinary management of those patients to help them adapt to their new physical and social situation. Implications for Rehabilitation Anterior visual pathway meningiomas (AVPMs) are commonly not life-threatening but they can lead to profound visual disability, especially when the tumor originates in the tuberculum sellae and cavernous sinus. Particular attention should be paid to visual acuity and visual field deficits, as these can profoundly affect the patient's quality of life including ability to drive and activities of daily living. The interdisciplinary management of patients with AVPM should include the neurosurgeon, neuro-ophthalmologist and occupational therapist. Also, early intervention by the occupational therapist can help patients adapt to their current physical and social situation and return to everyday tasks more rapidly.