While redundancy in model speciication generally has negative connotations, we ooer arguments for revising those convictions. Deening \representational redundancy" as the inclusion of any symbols not required to fullll the study objectives, we cite several sources of redundancy, classiied as accidental or intentional, that contribute positively to the model development tasks. Comparative beneets and detriments are discussed brieey. Focusing on the most interesting source of redundancy { that intentionally induced by a modeling methodology { we demonstrate that automated elimination of redundancy can actually improve model execution time. Using four models drawn from the literature and easily understood, but representing some diierences in size and complexity, the direct execution of the graphical representations show improvements over a base case ranging from 27.3 percent to 68.1 percent in execution time. Further, increasing improvement is realized with increasing model size and complexity. These results are encouraging by their suggestion that modeling methodologies with automated model diagnosis can signiicantly reduce both execution and development time and cost.


Vessel and neurovascular bundle localization plays an essential role in endoscopic and robotic surgery. It still remains challenging to spare vessels and neurovascular bundles to avoid inadvertent injury due to limited visual and tactile perception of surgeons. This work assumes that surgeons have great difficulty in intuitively perceiving small pulsatile motion of vessels and neurovascular bundles from complex surgical field provided by endoscopic videos, and proposes a new surgical video pulsatile motion magnification method to help surgeons easily and precisely recognize vessels or neurovascular bundles by their visual systems. The new method consists of robust hybrid temporal filtering and deeply learned spatial decomposition. The proposed hybrid temporal filtering can significantly magnify pulsatile motion more consistent with reality and simultaneously keep non-pulsating regions in magnified videos almost identical to original videos, and learning-based spatial decomposition can reduce noise and ring artifacts in magnified videos. We evaluate our method on surgical videos acquired from robotic prostatectomy, with the experimental results showing that our method essentially outperforms current motion magnification approaches. In particular, visual quality and quantitative assessment of our method are certainly better than these methods.


This paper shows how the use of resistive films inside of a quad-ridge horn can be utilized to reduce the sidelobes and help equalize the E-plane and H-plane beamwidths. This extends the upper frequency limit, thereby enabling the antenna range to use fewer feed horns. The resistive films also tend to reduce the gain, however, in an antenna test range, the reduced gain is an acceptable trade-off for achieving reduced sidelobes and increased bandwidth.


According to the national conditional access sub system separation(CASS)industrial policy for digital television(TV)broadcasting,this paper proposes a smartcard conditional access interface based CASS technique scheme for the digital TV receiver(including the set-top-box and the integrated receiver).The proposed scheme has no additional requirement of any hardware configuration modification for the most current commercially available digital TV receivers in order to make them be common receiving platform independent of any specific CAS used by the broadcasting head-end.The only prerequisite is an inclusion of common conditional access software plug-in(CCAP)compliant with the SCAI specification in the digital TV receiver and the corresponding conditional access smartcard.Compared to the schemes using PCMCIA-card or USB2.0-card,the proposed one is cost-effective and more succinct.This scheme is also one of the candidate national standards for Chinese digital TV broadcasting industry.


Anionic glycopolymers known as wall teichoic acids (WTAs) functionalize the peptidoglycan layers of many Gram-positive bacteria. WTAs play central roles in many fundamental aspects of bacterial physiology, and they are important determinants of pathogenesis and antibiotic resistance. A number of enzymes that glycosylate WTA in S. aureus have recently been identified. Among these is the glycosyltransferase TarM, a component of the WTA de-novo biosynthesis pathway. TarM performs the synthesis of α -O-N-acetylglycosylated poly-5'-phosphoribitol in the WTA structure. We


TO THE EDITOR: While we applaud Poynard and colleagues for addressing the issue of truth survival in clinical research (1), we feel that the data they collected are biased and misleading. Poynard and colleagues sampled studies on cirrhosis and hepatitis from 1945 to 1999. Experts were asked if the main conclusion from each study was true, false, or obsolete as of the year 2000. False or obsolete studies were considered to have the event of interest, and studies considered still true were censored at the year 2000. With this approach, the time to event should have been the time from publication of a research study until its results became either false or obsolete. For example, studies published in 1950 and made obsolete in 1965 would have 15 years of survival. However, Poynard and colleagues determined that truth survival was the time from publication to the year 2000. Therefore, a study published in 1950 and made obsolete in 1965 would be credited with 50 years of survival rather than the correct 15 years. This systematically overestimates the truth survival of false or obsolete research. Even more problematic is that the overestimation selectively favors research with earlier publication dates, greatly inflating the truth survival of early research. Since the early research in Poynard and colleagues' sample was predominately nonrandomized, and no meta-analyses were found before 1980, it was predetermined that nonrandomized studies would appear to have greater 20-year truth survival than randomized trials or meta-analyses (87%, 85%, and 57%, respectively). Given Dr. Poynard's interest in evidence-based medicine (2), we doubt that this bias against meta-analyses and randomized trials was intentional. Indeed, Poynard and colleagues make it clear that their results were contrary to expectations. However, their data do not provide a sound basis for making this comparison.


Thank you very much for downloading public assembly facilities planning and management. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have search numerous times for their chosen books like this public assembly facilities planning and management, but end up in malicious downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they juggled with some infectious virus inside their desktop computer.


SOURCES OF FUNDS FOR CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE ARE TRACED FROM THE POLL TAX THROUGH PROPERTY TAX MILEAGE LEVIES, ABUTTING PROPERTY ASSESSMENT, BONDS, TOLL ROADS AND BRIDGES, AND THE HIGHWAY USER TAX. THE USER TAX INCLUDES GASOLINE, FUEL OIL, AND LUBRICATION OIL TAXES; AND FEES FOR LICENSE PLATES FOR CARS, TRUCKS, TRACTORS, BUSES, TAXICABS, ETC.. SOME REVENUE IS ALSO OBTAINED FROM PROFITS ON LIQUOR SALES AND A PORTION OF COURT FINES. BEFORE ANY FINANCES FOR ROADS CAN BE ECONOMICALLY ARRANGED IT IS NECESSARY TO TAKE AN INVENTORY OF THE PRESENT CONDITION OF ROADS AND BRIDGES.


Objective To explore and identify the factors that influence the quality of life of principle caregivers of gynecologic cancer patients.Methods Eight-five caregivers of the gynecologic cancer patients participated in a structured interview.Quali- ty of life of caregivers was assessed by questionnaire of Caregiver Quality of Life.Patient's performance status was assessed by the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group-Performance Status Rating(ECOG-PSR).Percent,Spearman correlation,linear re gression analysis were used to analyze the data.Results There were significant correlation between QOL of caregivers and cancer diagnosis,patient's PSR,informed status,education level of caregiver and family financial status(r=0.266,0.229, 0.206,0.201,0.188,P<0.05).Conclusions QOL of principle caregivers of gynecologic cancer patients were influenced by cancer diagnosis,patient's PSR,informed status,education level of caregiver and the family financial status.


We present the results of a systematic search for gravitationally-lensed continuum Lyman break 'drop-outs' beyond a redshift 7 conducted via very deep imaging through six foreground clusters undertaken with the Hubble and Spitzer Space Telescopes. The survey has yielded 10 z-band and 2 J-band drop-out candidates to photometric limits of J110 ≃26.2 AB (5σ). Taking into account the magnifications afforded by our clusters (1-4 magnitudes), we probe the presence of z >7 sources to unlensed limits of J110 ≃30 AB, fainter than those charted in the Hubble Ultradeep Field. To verify the fidelity of our candidates we conduct a number of tests for instrumental effects which would lead to spurious detections, and carefully evaluate the likelihood of foreground contamination by considering photometric uncertainties in the drop-out signature, the upper limits from stacked IRAC data and the statistics of multiply-imaged sources. Overall, we conclude that we can expect about half of our sample of z-band drop-outs to be at high redshift. An ambitious infrared spectroscopic campaign undertaken with the NIRSPEC spectrograph at the WM Keck Observatory for seven of the most promising candidates failed to detect any Lyman α emission highlighting the challenge of making further progress in this field. While the volume density of high redshift sources will likely remain uncertain until more powerful facilities Department of Astrophysics, California Institute of Technology, MS 105-24, Pasadena, CA 91125; email@example.com Observatoire Astronomique de Marseille-Provence, Traverse du Siphon BP 8, 13376 Marseille Cedex 12, France Current address: Institute of Astronomy, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0HA, UK Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, 933 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721 School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK


............................................................................................................... i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .......................................................................................ii PUBLICATIONS ...................................................................................................... iv CONTENTS ............................................................................................................... v LIST OF FIGURES .................................................................................................. ix LIST OF TABLES .................................................................................................... ix LIST OF ACRONYMS ............................................................................................. x Chapter One ...................................................................................................................


Purpose: Starting from the goal of economic development associated with environmental protection activities, this study examines the factors affecting the application of environmental accounting (EA) in manufacturing enterprises in Vietnam.
Methodology: This study is conducted using a combination of qualitative research methods (review of previous theories and research papers related to the research) and a quantitative research model (testing the degree of the appropriateness of the scale and the theoretical model through Cronbach's Alpha reliability coefficient, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), multivariable regression analysis to determine the relationship between factors affecting the application environmental accounting in manufacturing enterprises in Vietnam.
Results: Multivariable regression analysis shows that all factors (six factors) included in the study have an impact on the application of environmental accounting in manufacturing enterprises in Vietnam. Which stakeholder pressure has the strongest impact and financial resources have the weakest effect on the application of EA in these enterprises.
Originality/Value: This study provides empirical evidence about the impact of each factor on the application of environmental accounting, thereby helping state management agencies, professional associations, and businesses in the process of developing and promulgating policies affecting these factors to promote the application of environmental accounting in Vietnamese enterprises.


The impact of cellular interference on uplink unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) communications is analyzed in this paper for a multi-UAV network. Specifically, the outage probability and finite signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) diversity gain of the multi-UAV network is characterized in the presence of interference from uplink UAVs and cellular base stations. We demonstrate that the operational altitude of the multi-UAV network determines the severity of cellular interference across low-to-high transmit power regimes. In particular, UAVs operating at higher altitudes are less affected by cellular interference, with higher finite SNR diversity gains and lower outage probability floors observed. Thus, interference mitigation techniques may have to be considered when multi-UAV networks are operating at low altitudes in areas with cellular networks.


In multi attribute decision making, the result given by a decision maker may be either of the following forms: priority order of alternatives and ranking weight vector of alternatives. Group ranking method based on the priority order of alternative is discussed in this paper. The method of minimizing the weighted sum of deviation square and the method of 0-1programming based on measure function are put forward.


Advocates for "police defunding" argue that police department budgets should be reformed. In this paper I demonstrate that there is a mathematically-based argument that police departments often receive too large a share of municipal budgets. But while police departments do not always—though they often do—receive the largest share of many American municipal budgets, the argument may not be embraced by police defunders.


Objective: This study aimed to determine the optimum concentrations of a suspending vehicle and develop a physically and chemically stableformulation containing diltiazem hydrochloride (DTZ).Methods: Stability testing was performed for 30 days in selected suspending vehicle formulas (Formulas A and E). Physical stability tests wereperformed at room temperature, and physical properties (odor and color) and pH values of suspensions were evaluated.Results: The oral suspensions of DTZ were white and had a drug-like odor, and the pH had significantly decreased during storage. Chemical stabilitytests of suspensions were performed at room temperature and 4°C±2°C using ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry.Conclusion: The concentrations of DTZ in oral suspensions fluctuated during the storage period, suggesting that the oral suspensions of DTZ arephysically stable but not chemically stable during storage.


The invention discloses a double-pole double-shaft double-way parallel track robot which comprises a pedestal, wherein a main rotary shaft is arranged on the pedestal and can horizontally rotate; one end of the main rotary shaft is connected with a swinging arm assembly, and the upper end of the swinging arm assembly is connected with tongs; the swinging arm assembly comprises a first swinging arm assembly and a second swinging arm assembly both which are mutually hinged together. The first swinging arm assembly comprises first arms and two control rods, and the second swinging arm assembly comprises second arms and two control rods. The double-pole double-shaft double-way parallel track robot is characterized in that two groups of swinging arm assemblies are mutually hinged in an end-to-end way and formed into a parallelogram hinge structure, so that work pieces grabbed by the tongs are always in the horizontal state when the robot operates and the grabbing steadiness of the work pieces is improved; in comparison with a traditional robot, a horizontal power driving device used for driving the work pieces isn't specifically configured to the parallel track robot, thus the energy is saved, the entire structure is simple and the cost is relatively low.


This article has introduced the theory of reducing noise and given us the experiment data of several pavement structures,which can be important reference for designers.


Background The pH of semen is one of the important elements for maintaining spermatic normal functions. Variation of semen pH could lead to male infertility, but the mechanism of which is still unknown. Methods The healthy human spermatozoa cultured in sperm nutrition solution with pH 5.2, 6.2, 7.2, 8.2, 9.2 and 10.2 respectively were analyzed for sperm motility, vitality, hypoosmotic swelling rate, Na/K-ATPase activity and the intracellular Caconcentration. Results The results showed that sperm motility, vitality, hypoosmotic swelling rate were all on the peak in pH 7.2 sperm nutrition solution, and decreased in different degree in pH 5.2, 6.2, 8.2, 9.2 and 10.2. Furthermore, the hypoosmotic swelling rate had a positive correlation with the sperm motility and viability. Sperm penetration meter test was displayed that in compared with pH 7.2, the sperm ascending altitude in sperm nutrition solution with pH 5.2, 6.2, 8.2, 9.2 and 10.2 were significantly declined. In addition, sperm Na/K-ATPase activity in sperm nutrition solution with different pHs was detected and the enzyme activity were significantly lower in pH 5.2, 6.2, 8.2, 9.2 and 10.2 medium compared to pH 7.2. Using flow cytometry and laser confocal scanning microscope to contrast the intracellular Ca concentration of sperm cultured in pH 5.2, 6.2, 7.2, 8.2, 9.2 and 10.2 sperm capacitation solution. Taking pH 7.2 group as a control, the mean fluorescence intensity of sperm in pH 5.2, 6.2 and 10.2 medium were decreased significantly, while pH 8.2 and 9.2 group had no differences with control. Conclusions All the results suggested that hydrogen-ion concentration outside spermatozoa could affect sperm motility and capacitation by influencing sperm Na/K-ATPase activity and spermoplasm Ca concentration revealing one of the mechanisms of male infertility.


In order to improve the performance of the general broad area high power 940 nm InGaAs/GaAs semiconductor laser diode (LD), we design a new type quantum well LD with an asymmetric waveguide and cladding structure. High material quality with low internal loss of 0.44 mm-1 has been achieved using low pressure metal organic chemical vapor deposition (LP-MOCVD) method. Broad-area lasers were fabricated with the wafers grown on GaAs substrates. For the 940 nm devices with 100 m-wide stripe and 2000 m-long cavity under 25 ℃ continuous wave (CW) operation condition of 10 A, the typical threshold current is 251 mA, the slope efficiency is 1.22 W/A , and the maximum output power reaches 9.6 W. The laser diode yielded a maximum power conversion efficiency over 70%.


Currently, implementation methodologies designed by companies that develop and commercialize information systems omit aspects that from the strategic vision and according to the level of complexity of an organization are relevant. The objective of this paper is to review the main methodologies used to implement ERP systems (Enterprise Resource Planning) to identify the key aspects to be considered in terms of the problems that companies present when they simply apply the proposed methodology by the supplier. As an example, it is identified that some methodologies do not consider within their implementation strategy the degree and maturity of the use of information systems, the regulations to which the company adheres, as well as security and access, among other factors.


Manipulation of the diet of Zebra Finch (Poephila guttata) nestlings in the laboratory showed that a low-quality diet reduced growth rates of nine external morpholog- ical characters, while a high-quality diet increased growth rates. The growth of plumage characters was least affected by diet, while growth rates of tarsus and mass were most af- fected. The treatments also produced differences in the adult size of experimental birds, differences not evident in either their parents or their own offspring. Diet quality had the strongest impact on adult mass and tarsus length, while plumage and beak measurements were less affected. Analysis using principal components and character ratios showed that the shape of experimental birds was affected by the experimental diets, but to a minor extent compared with changes in overall size. Significant shape changes involved ratios between fast- and slow-growing characters. The ratios of characters that grow at similar, slow rates (e.g. beak shape) were not affected by the diets. Environmental sources of morphological variation should not be neglected in studies of phenotypic variation in birds. Received 5 June 1986, accepted 30 October 1986. MORPHOLOGICAL differences between indi- vidual birds are often assigned functional sig- nificance, whether those individuals are of dif- ferent species, different sexes, or different-size members of the same sex (Hamilton 1961, Se- lander 1966, Clark 1979, James 1982). In grani- vores such as Darwin's finches (Geospiza spp.), morphological differences have been related to variation in feeding efficiency at all three of these levels. Differences in feeding efficiency have in turn been correlated with variation in fitness due to spatial or temporal variation in seed availability (Boag and Grant 1981, Schlu- ter and Grant 1984). Intraspecific morphologi- cal variation in several species, such as House Sparrows (Passer domesticus; Johnston and Se- lander 1971), Red-winged Blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus; Power 1969), Great Tits (Parus major; Hamilton 1961), and others (James 1970) has been correlated with clinal variation in cli- mate. A classic example of the correlation be- tween intraspecific morphological variation, fitness, and weather was seen in the nonran- dom survival of House Sparrows collected by Hiram Bumpus following a winter storm


This study attempted to understand how work income and job type may affect people's cognition and preference when they choose the types of insurance they want through market research and analysis. There were several methods adopted by researcher in this study including descriptive statistics, regression analysis, correlation coefficient and other statistics methods for analysis. Research findings showed that first of all, those with higher income considered more about insurance with great importance. Secondly, consumers ranked the types of insurance as they considered casualty insurance to be top one, hospital room and board insurance as choice number two, and cancer insurance as choice number three. They considered life insurance to be choice number four, endowment insurance as choice number five, annuity as choice number six, and investment linked insurance as choice number seven. Thirdly, military, public and teaching personnel were more aware of insured products such as life insurance, cancer insurance, hospital room and board insurance, and endowment insurance while choosing what they prefer to make a purchase. Last but not least, those who work as sales were more aware of insured products such as life insurance and casualty insurance while choosing what they prefer to make a purchase. They were more aware of annuity insurance and investment linked insurance while choosing what they prefer to make a purchase compared to other workers; yet, they do not value much of its importance.


It simply introduced the step-by-step integration methods for solving dynamic equations in earthquake engineering,including linear accelerated method,NewMark-β method,Wilson-θ method and central difference method,it points out the merits and shortcomings and the application field of these four methods and gives a reference to solve the earthquack response and seismic design.


The hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis interacts with the hypothalamo-pituitarygonadal (HPG) axis at several sites and there are both species and stress related differences in how a particular stressor affects the gonadal axis. In the pregnant mare, negative effects of stress on reproduction are often measured in terms of effect on plasma progesterone levels or abortion rate. In cycling mares, plasma levels of sex hormones, oestrous cycle duration and ovulation rates are examples of end-points measured in response to stress. Disease and low nutrition levels have been shown to cause lowered progesterone concentrations and, in the case of inadequate nutrients, abortion in pregnant mares. In non-pregnant mares, poor body condition has been shown to delay the onset of the ovulatory season and lower conception rates. Transportation, on the other hand, does not seem to adversely affect reproductive success in either pregnant or cycling mares. Feral horses have shown significantly higher foetal loss if they were removed for adoption or gathered and then re-released into the wild.


Regional planning in England has experienced a revival since the decision of Chris Patten, when Secretary of State for the Environment in 1990, to require the then seven regions to prepare 'Regional Planning Guidance' (RPG) (Tables 1 and 2 summarise the key actors and instruments of regional planning; for accounts of regional planning in the 1990s, see Baker (1998), Marshall et al. (2002) and Roberts (1996).) The core function of such guidance has been since then to allocate required housing completions to regions and counties. Gradually, however, other purposes, in relation to transport infrastructure, economic development and natural resources in particular, have become more important. In the round of guidance prepared in 1991–1996, RPG was issued by government, after advice from local authority associations in each region, and changes made by Government Offices for the Regions (GORs), after the introduction of this more integrated central government regional presence in 1994. The Conservative Government only gave limited importance to the RPG process and to regionalisation as a whole. The Labour Government after 1997 put much more emphasis on building up the policy-making capacity of the English regions, in parallel with the autonomy given to Scotland and Wales. RPG was part of this, with a Planning Policy Guidance (PPG) Note specifically on regional planning, PPG11, produced in draft in early 1999, after consultation in 1998, with the final version in 2000 (Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions (DETR), 1998, 1999, 2000). Other dimensions of regionalisation included the strengthening of the GORs, with a coordination unit in Whitehall, and the creation of Regional Development Agencies (RDAs) in 1999, to carry forward the regional economic agenda. At the time of writing the most recent element is the publication in 2002 of a White Paper, allowing the possibility for English regions to move to adopt elected assemblies, if their populations should so wish (Cabinet Office & Department of Transport, Local Government and the Regions (DTLR), 2002). This would further affect regional planning, and would interact with the reforms to the planning system currently passing through parliament, which replace RPG with Regional Spatial Strategies (RSSs). English regional planning is therefore now 3–4 years into the PPG11 era. PPG11's main aspiration was to bring in a more spatially focused and regionally owned form of regional planning. RPG was to be more like an overall spatial strategy, with the incorporation of transport and economic development elements as well as the more traditional policy guidance. Regional ownership was to be increased by encouraging wider involvement in the production of RPG and resolving more of the hard decisions at the regional level.


Postmortem brain study indicated that cerebellar Purkinje cell (PC) loss might be a pathological finding in patients with inherited and idiopathic cervical dystonia (ICD). The analysis of conventional magnetic resonance imaging brain scans failed to yield support for this finding. Previous studies have identified that iron overload can be the consequence of neuron death. The objectives of this study were to investigate iron distribution and demonstrate changes in axons in the cerebellum, providing evidence for PC loss in patients with ICD.


Errors in pointing and sustaining SpektrR are estimated based on the data of star sensors and an angular velocity vector meter, and the calculated values are compared with the observed val� ues. It has been indicated that the achieved pointing accuracy is significantly better than the required accuracy and is independent of the number of star sensors used for this purpose; finally, the stabilization parameters correspond to the anticipated parameters. The original method for processing adjustment observations of the space radio telescope in the 1.35�cm range used to find a systematic deviation of 2.5' of the telescope real electric axis from the nominal angular position has been described.


Abstract The liquid ion‐exchanger tricaprylylmethylammonium chloride (TCMAC) is used for the preparation of solvent impregnated resins (SIR). The sorption of the model amino acid L‐phenylalanine (L‐Phe) is studied for different solid supports (XAD16, XAD1180, DELOXAN HAP, SIPERNAT D10, IRC50, and Lewatit MP500) under varied initial conditions (volume‐to‐mass ratio, phenylalanine concentration, and ion‐exchanger loading). For comparison, the equilibria of five other amino acids (histidine, tryptophane, tyrosine, arginine, and proline), differing mainly in their hydrophobicity and pI values, is also investigated. The equilibrium sorption of amino acids on SIR is modelled by taking the hydroxide ion co‐extraction into account.


Near-field source localization problem by a passive antenna array makes the assumption that the time-varying sources are located near the antenna. In this context, the far-field assumption (i.e., planar wavefront) is, of course, no longer valid and one has to consider a more complicated model parameterized by the bearing (as in the far-field case) and by the distance, named range, between the source and a reference coordinate system. One can find a plethora of estimation schemes in the literature, but their ultimate performance in terms of mean square error (MSE) have not been fully investigated. To characterize these performance, the Cramer-Rao bound (CRB) is a popular mathematical tool in signal processing. The main cause for this is that the MSE of several high-resolution direction of arrival algorithms are known to achieve the CRB under quite general/weak conditions. In this correspondence, we derive and analyze the so-called conditional and unconditional CRBs for a single time-varying near-field source. In each case, we obtain non-matrix closed-form expressions. Our approach has two advantages: i) due to the fact that one has to inverse the Fisher information matrix, the computational cost for a large number of snapshots (in the case of the conditional CRB) and/or for a large number of sensors (in the case of the unconditional CRB), of a matrix-based CRB can be high while our approach is low and ii) some useful information can be deduced from the behavior of the bound. In particular, an explicit relationship between the conditional and the unconditional CRBs is provided and one shows that closer is the source from the array and/or higher is the signal carrier frequency, better is the range estimation.


language" (p. 156). In fact, there is no reason to believe that English or German (the US and Germany being the other main destinations) would be easier for a Soviet Jewish émigré to learn than Hebrew. Another of the open questions raised in "Silent No More" is whether the collapse of the Soviet system triggered the mass exodus of Jews from the Soviet Union, or the pressure for Jewish emigration contributed to the collapse. Feingold considers both possibilities, but inclines toward the latter (pp. 289–90, 293). Feingold deploys a traditional methodology in his study of the American Jews' efforts to rescue their fellow Jews in the Soviet Union. His account relies heavily on analysis of institutional history and organizational operations. Of course, methodology is no more important than accuracy, the presentation of new data, cohesive narrative, and insightful analysis. "Silent No More" certainly has its share of these virtues.


Background: Mechanistic information regarding how lead exposure decreases bone mass does not exist in the literature. Results: Pb exposure decreases bone formation and inhibits Wnt signaling; this effect is mitigated by the deletion of sclerostin. Conclusion: Pb inhibition of the Wnt pathway impedes osteoblast activity and is mediated by blockade of the TGFβ/Smad3 pathway. Significance: This study provides insight regarding Pb suppression of bone-forming activity. Exposure to lead (Pb) from environmental sources remains an overlooked and serious public health risk. Starting in childhood, Pb in the skeleton can disrupt epiphyseal plate function, constrain the growth of long bones, and prevent attainment of a high peak bone mass, all of which will increase susceptibility to osteoporosis later in life. We hypothesize that the effects of Pb on bone mass, in part, come from depression of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, a critical anabolic pathway for osteoblastic bone formation. In this study, we show that depression of Wnt signaling by Pb is due to increased sclerostin levels in vitro and in vivo. Downstream activation of the β-catenin pathway using a pharmacological inhibitor of GSK-3β ameliorates the Pb inhibition of Wnt signaling activity in the TOPGAL reporter mouse. The effect of Pb was determined to be dependent on sclerostin expression through use of the SOST gene knock-out mice, which are resistant to Pb-induced trabecular bone loss and maintain their mechanical bone strength. Moreover, isolated bone marrow cells from the sclerostin null mice show improved bone formation potential even after exposure to Pb. Also, our data suggest that the TGFβ canonical signaling pathway is the mechanism by which Pb controls sclerostin production. Taken together these results support our hypothesis that the osteoporotic-like phenotype observed after Pb exposure is, in part, regulated through modulation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.


During excavations in 1997 and 1998, at an early German settlement of Schwabhausen, situated south of Gotha in Thuringia, six Celtic coins and an imprint of a coin on a round ceramic piece were discovered. Altogether, nine quinars of Pragean and tuft type, a small silver coin and a padded Regenbogenschusselchen prove that this place, which is conveniently placed in a traffic-topographical sense, to be the richest site in Thuringia for coins of the La Tene period. The coins were only in use during the first half of the 1st century BC. Their appearance was connected with a brief peak in handicraft production in a limited settlement area near Gotha. The things that make the area exceptional are the amount of trade and traffic across the Thuringian Forest as well as the efficiency of the local craftsmen. The growth of coin economy came to an end following the decline of handicraft activities in the north and the downfall of Celtic tribal culture in the south.


Background A large proportion of adults in North America are not meeting recommended intakes for magnesium (Mg). Women and people of South Asian race may be at higher risk for Mg deficiency because of lower Mg intakes relative to requirements and increased susceptibility to diabetes, respectively. Objective This study compared serum Mg concentrations in South Asian (n=276) and white (n=315) Canadian women and men aged 20–79 years living in Canada's Capital Region and examined the relationship with diabetes, glucose control, insulin resistance, and body mass index. Results Serum Mg concentration was lower in women of both races and South Asians of both genders. Racial differences in serum Mg were not significant after controlling for use of diabetes medication. A substantial proportion of South Asian (18%) and white (9%) women had serum Mg <0.75 mmol/L indicating hypomagnesemia. Use of diabetes medication and indicators of poorer glucose control, insulin resistance, and obesity were associated with lower serum Mg in women, but not in men. Conclusions These results suggest that the higher incidence of diabetes in South Asians increases their risk for Mg deficiency and that health conditions that increase Mg requirements have a greater effect on Mg status in women than men.


Changing the crystal orientation of Ni films by the effect of reactive gas is attempted. It is known that (111)-oriented Ni film is usually obtained by sputtering in pure Ar gas. However, we report that almost single-oriented (100) Ni films are prepared by rf sputtering when a small amount of N2 (1% < N2 flow ratio < 7%) is mixed with Ar gas. By electrical resistivity measurement and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), the presence of nitrogen in the (100) Ni films is not observed. Consequently, it is found that nitrogen influences the crystal orientation at the growing film surface but is not incorporated into the films. This enables us to prepare Ni films with either (111) orientation or (100) orientation by sputtering in a controlled manner without a postannealing process.


One side, most of the researches going on
Universe, Space, Black holes, white holes, development of
technology etc. and on the other side world is ending due to
pollution. The transparent media, to which I'm calling as
"Kalana", that exists during sunlight and disappears at night, is
actually brighter then sunlight. But due to pollution, it is looking
dark. Wherever pure Kalana exists, there sunlight or any other
source of light or Energy have no value. As Pollution increase,
darkness also increases and reduces the presence of Kalana.
Kalana itself is the source of creation and source of Energy in
this universe. Each and everything that exist in this universe is
created from Kalana. The outcome of Universal arrangements
in Kalana is called "truth". Truth has its own significant value in
our society and everyone wish to be truthful for peaceful life.
This is the main reason that, our ancestor was always tried to
follow the truth and had advance technology then today what
we have. Today's technologies are not based upon the
principle of truth and hence everything has its own side effects


Summary form only given. At high light intensities shallow levels are always involved in the holographic recording process in photorefractive crystals. Two level models - the two-center and the three-valence model - were developed and successfully applied for the description of the light-induced charge transport in many crystals. The shallow levels can be populated by illumination with visible or UV light forming states with relatively long life times, thus sensitizing the crystals for holographic recording with IR light.


The invention discloses an automobile stamping production line and scrap line interconnected control protection device and an automobile stamping production line and scrap line interconnected control protection device method. The interconnected control protection device comprises a production line PLC controller; a scrap line PLC controller; a proximity switch and a fault output relay, which are disposed on the scrap line. The proximity switch and the scrap line PLC controller are connected together, and the scrap line PLC controller and the driving end of the fault output relay are connected together. A scrap line contactor is serially connected with the normally-closed contact switch of the fault output relay, and then is connected with the production line PLC controller. The interconnected control protection method is characterized in that the proximity switch can be used to detect whether the scrap accumulation of the scrap line occurs, and can be used to transmit the signals to the scrap line PLC controller. Once the scrap line PLC controller detects the long-term high level or the long-term low level of the signals of the proximity, the fault output relay can be driven to disconnect the normally-closed contact switch, and at the same time, the operation of the scrap line and the operation of the production line can be stopped at the same time. The damages on the scrap line caused by the scrap accumulation can be effectively prevented, and the interconnected control automatic completion can be carried out by the machine, and the reliability can be improved.


ELFSTAT project, founded by the French ANSES (2015-2019, Grant agreement n. 2015/1/202), aims at characterizing children's exposure to extremely low frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MF) in real exposure scenarios using stochastic approaches. In this paper, a stochastic approach for extracting information from dataset of recorded ELF-MF signals is presented. The aim is to obtain a better characterization and description of the phenomenon and to investigate on possible correlations or different features between various data subsets.


The present invention discloses a method based on digital modulation error parameter measurement method and system for waveform design, wherein the measurement method comprises the steps of: a, to achieve a finite length digital modulation signal baseband waveform inclusive continuous; b, based on the error symbol design based on digital set modulation errors; c, a complete error frame symbol. EVM measurement problem solving and other digital modulation error parameters by the method and system of the present invention, the experiments show that the measurement method and system has the following features: 1 can be achieved digitally modulated error settings continuously adjustable in a wide range of possible settings the expected digital modulation error parameters. 2, highly consistent measurements EVM and other digital modulation parameters and calculate the expected value. 3, the digital modulation parameters measurement readings with a very good reproducibility. 4, this digital modulation error parameter measurement methods and systems for almost all digital modulation scheme, such as 256QAM modulation and higher order modulation.


We propose a computer-assisted approach to the analysis of the worst-case convergence of nonlinear conjugate gradient methods (NCGMs). Those methods are known for their generally good empirical performances for large-scale optimization, while having relatively incomplete analyses. Using our computer-assisted approach, we establish novel complexity bounds for the Polak-Ribi\`ere-Polyak (PRP) and the Fletcher-Reeves (FR) NCGMs for smooth strongly convex minimization. In particular, we construct mathematical proofs that establish the first non-asymptotic convergence bound for FR (which is historically the first developed NCGM), and a much improved non-asymptotic convergence bound for PRP. Additionally, we provide simple adversarial examples on which these methods do not perform better than gradient descent with exact line search, leaving very little room for improvements on the same class of problems.


The reasonable site selection of weather sensor can assist manage-ment personnel to master the weather changing situation of expressway more accurately,and improve the management decision level and investment effi-ciency.Based on introducing the basic princi-ples of thermal map technology and recommended installation standard of weather sensors,through establishing the mathematical calculation model of pavement temperature based on thermal map technology,the article conducted the actual measurement analysis on the pave-ment temperature of a mountainous section in G50 Shanghai-Chongqing(Huyu) Expressway,and determined the specific emplacement site of weather sensor on this section.


High quality of solar radiation data is essential for solar resource assessment. For remote areas this is a challenge, as often only satellite data with low spatial resolution are available. This paper presents an interpolation method based on topographic data in digital elevation model format to improve the resolution of solar radiation maps. The refinement is performed with a data mining method based on first-order Sugeno type Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System. The training set contains topographic characteristics such as terrain aspect, slope and elevation which may influence the solar radiation distribution. An efficient sampling method is proposed to obtain representative training sets from digital elevation model data. The proposed geographic information system based approach makes this method reproducible and adaptable for any region. A case study is presented on the remote Amhara region in North Shewa, Ethiopia. Results are shown for interpolation of solar radiation data from 10 km × 10 km to a resolution of 1 km × 1 km and are validated with data from the PVGIS and SWERA projects.


Habib Hamid bin Abbas Bahasyim or Habib Basirih is a famous scholar in South Kalimantan. This research purpose is to know the skill tree and Habib Hamid life journey in order to be able to take some positive values through his life journey. This research is done using the historical research method. The phases are data collection, source critic, interpretation, and historiography. From the result of the research, it is known that Habib Hamid is a scholar from South Kalimantan that lives in the age of Dutch colonialism. Not only blessed by Allah SWT, but He is also consistent and religious. For all his life, he always tried to remember and chant God's praises (Zikrullah). Uphold creed and people refined character, becomes his main activity in keeping the continuity Islam Syiar.


In this paper we investigated sol-gel derived Ta2O5 and nanosized MEL zeolite films obtained by spin coating of Tantalum sol and colloidal zeolite solution, respectively. Refractive index and thickness of the films were determined using non-linear curve fitting of measured reflectance spectra. The influence of the post deposition annealing on the optical properties and thickness of the films was studied. Besides tunable Bragg stacks were designed and prepared by layer-by-layer deposition of Ta2O5 and MEL suspensions with quarter-wave thicknesses. The influence of water, acetone and methanol on the optical behavior of Bragg stacks was discussed.


Emergency medicine is a busy department with a huge flow of patients with multiple complaints. The department caters to a large cohort of patients simultaneously as well as administers many drugs. This can lead to potential drug interactions. With the advent of artificial intelligence (AI) and language learning model (LLM) we can use these AI enabled programs to help us be cautious yet judicious in our drug delivery and also be a careful vigilante to prevent drug interactions in these patients.


Handel-C is a kind of high programmable language that originated ISO/ANSI-C language.Designer can use Handel-C language to design hardware with software method.This papers implements one bit adder based on Multiobjective Evolutionary Algorithm by using Handel-C.The result indicates that evolutionary design of circuit is implemented on the FPGA.


Departments of Chinese Medicine, Urology, Medical Research, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Anesthesiology, China Medical University Hospital, Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, Chinese Medicine Research Center, Research Center for Chinese Medicine and Acupuncture, China Medical University, Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Department of Psychology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan firstname.lastname@example.com; firstname.lastname@example.com


INTRODUCTION Migration issues have been always actualized for any of countries. In particular, during alone 2018: nearly 28 million people were forced to migrate due to military conflicts (10.8 million) and natural disasters (17.2 million) 1 . EU countries and USA are mostly faced with external migration challenges – exactly in corresponding readout the social contradictions and political collisions become more evident. The US example demonstrates haw precisely various migration issues are becoming a significant factor of current agenda. In this context especial attention is paid to crimes committed by migrants. Many immigration advocates argue that immigrants have much lower crime rates than natives. The federal government does track the citizenship of those it convicts. Data from the U.S. Sentencing Commission shows that of those convicted of federal crimes between 2011 and 2016, 44.2% were not U.S. citizens – 21.4%, if immigration crimes are excluded. Non-citizens are 8.4% of the adult population. Of this 8.4% about 4% are illegal immigrants 2 . Pursuant to Criminal history category and citizenship of offenders sentenced under immigration guidelines for 2017:non-U.S. citizens have committed 26 799 crimes out of 66 873 cases 3 . In continuation of this: in 2018 26% of federal prisoners were aliens. Migrant considered criminality trends have prompted a professional discussion concerning criminal justice system organization. Within those debates it was even suggested that the state and local prosecutors who have set up two systems of justice – a harsher one for citizens and a more lenient


This paper introduces the content mindmap service that a personalized social contents service by using the automatically built knowledge base based on various features. This service provides content based on newly defined meaningful information based on their correlation which is analyzed as a 'social broadcasting' service by analyzing a massive amount of data poured on the social media. Mind map supports the operation of social broadcasting service by analyzing the various existing content on the web.


In this study, fetal joint abnormalities caused by cytosine arabinoside, caffeine, sodium salicylate, and retinyl acetate administration during pregnancy, were investigated.


The Bureau of Meteorology is now embarking on developing the next regional ensemblebased atmospheric reanalysis, to improve upon its first deterministic reanalysis – Bureau of Meteorology Atmospheric Regional high-resolution Reanalysis for Australia (BARRA) – completed in 2019. This will lead to a foundational dataset to provide a consistent, detailed characterisation of historical hazards and continuous intelligence. It is a part of a strategic initiative to establish a single authoritative source of information, analysis and expertise on climate and natural disaster risks that is focused on relief, recovery and resilience. The enhanced reanalysis is expected to span the era of modern meteorological satellites from 1979 and will be kept up to date as an operationally supported system. The reanalysis will use the same modelling components as those in other modelling systems in the Bureau including nowcasting, weather forecasting, seasonal forecasting and regional climate projections, reflecting the Bureau's strategy for a common modelling approach across all time scales from historical analysis to multi-decadal outlooks to support seamlessness in services. Here we report on the quality of BARRA and the development of the enhanced reanalysis, and benchmarking results against the Bureau's global numerical weather prediction system and the global reanalyses. We also describe how BARRA is disseminated to users and used to inform climate risk.


The influence of particles floating on the free surface of a viscous incompressible liquid partially filling the rotor cavity on the stability of its stationary rotation regime is studied.


Voltage stability is a major problem in power system which depended on many factors like improper load forecasting, generator outage, line fault and shortage of reactive power supply etc. For a secure and economic power system operation voltage stability should be maintained within permissible limit. Voltage stability is a measure of whole power system quality. Voltage stability studies can done by analyzing reactive power production, transmission of power and consumption. In this paper voltage stability analysis of an IEEE 14 bus system is done by calculating L-index of the buses. From load flow studies optimized voltage is chosen, and by using these voltage values L-index is calculated. From the calculated L-index values we can find out vulnerable buses. How the transformer tap changing effect the voltage stability is also calculated here.


This article explores young children's social class identities in the context of a Scottish primary school, highlighting the ambivalent institutional discourses around 'diversity' and social class in the school context. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork with 5- to 7-year-olds, it shows the emotional and embodied aspects through which social class differences are performed in the children's intra- and intergenerational interactions, and the implications for the children's relationships and experiences in school. The study shows that practitioners need to name and address social class differences, in intersection with gender, race and ethnicity, and involve young children themselves in discussions about identities and inequalities.


A sensitivity experiment,with the increasing N2O volume mixing ratio,was carried out to study the influence of an increase of N2O on O3 and temperature using the 2D interactive chemical radiative dynamical(SCORATES) model of the National Center for Atmospheric Research,and the reasons for O3 and temperature change were analyzed from chemistry,radiation and dynamical processes.Moreover,the differences in influences on the atmospheric environment of methane and water vapor increase as well as N2O increases were compared.The results show that when N2O concentration increases,the chemical process results in O3 depletion over 30 km,and the high value appear between 30 and 40 km.The cooling is obvious over 30 km,the O3 increase and slight warming appear at middle-lower latitudes in the lower stratosphere and troposphere.The extents of ozone decrease and cooling over 30~40 km are larger at middle-high latitudes in the North Hemisphere than in the South Hemisphere.The tropospheric warming is mainly caused by the increases of N2O and O3,while the temperature change in the stratosphere is mainly dominated by O3.The dynamical feedback to temperature change is more distinct at middle-high latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere than in other regions and significantly affects temperature and ozone in the middle-high stratosphere at middle-high latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere.Whereas the O3 depletion caused by methane increase appears above 45 km,and the O3 increases below 45 km.The stratospheric water vapor increase can result in the O3 depletion above 40 km,and the O3 increases in the most of between 20 and 40 km.The O3 depletion caused by N2O increase appears right near the O3 layer,and its emission is very important to the future O3 layer recovery.The slight warming caused by N2O increase appears from 15 to 25 km at middle and low latitudes,however the increase in CO2,CH4,and stratospheric water vapor can respectively lead to cooling there.


Background & objective: Due to their physiological conditions, the postoperative mortality rates of elderly patients are higher compared to other age groups, albeit the postoperative care and intensive care conditions are better than in the past. In this retrospective study, it was aimed to present a model to predict mortality and factors affecting mortality in this patient group who underwent colorectal surgery. Material & Methods: The population of octogenarian and nonagenarian patients who were operated for colorectal surgery in our clinic between 2020 and 2021 were included in the study. Patients' age, gender, albumin, lymphocyte, monocytes, lymphocytemonocyte ratio (LMR), prognostic nutritional index (PNI), delta neutrophil index (DNI), Charlson comorbidity index (CCI), length of hospital stay, modified systemic inflammatory score (mSIS)) values, operation type (emergency/ elective), operation classification (minor/ moderate/ major/ complex major), anesthesia type (general/ epidural), and contamination status (clean/ clean-contaminated/ contaminated/ dirty or infected) were obtained from the hospital system. Results: Case status, operation type, contamination status, DNI, duration of hospitalization, mSIS variables were statistically significant in univariate regression analyses. However, in multivariate regression analyses, DNI of ≥ 0.05 (p< 0.015; OR 3.984, 95%CI 1.30212.195) and contamination status (p< 0.038; OR 13,047, 95%Cl 1,150148,087) were found to be independent risk factors affecting postoperative mortality. Conclusion: In the geriatric patient population undergoing colorectal surgery, DNI and contamination of the surgical field are two important factors affecting mortality. We think that the mortality estimation model created for this patient population will also help physicians for the postoperative period of the patients.


to the motor coordination of the individual boy and girl, which has served to establish interrelationships between traits pertaining to personal and social adjustment. (2, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 17) Through a program of scien tifically testing and measuring in physical education, it has been possible to analyze neuro-muscular control through tests of skills. Skills by them selves are the outward and complicated expression of motor coordination as of any one period in the life of the individual. Skill tests, when used to measure fundamental movements of walking, running, jumping, climbing, dodging, swimming, handling simple tools, and using pieces of equipment, represent measurement of processes vital to life.


Purpose – This paper aims to explore the relationship between continuous change, organizational burnout and the role of the HR/HRD profession in facilitating activities that can aid organizations in better managing the process.Design/methodology/approach – An e‐survey was sent to a random sample of 100 medium to large companies located within a 50 mile radius of Portsmouth that asked HR professionals questions around the issues of organizational stress and potential burnout.Findings – The survey findings suggest that despite having policies and procedures organizations communicate change badly; do very little to protect employee wellbeing and manage stress in times of change. In some responses, managers state that they are aware that employees are experiencing high stress, but managers do not do anything to alleviate employee stress.Originality/value – The role of the HRD professional in managing change and helping to prevent burnout has not previously been highlighted. Recommendations for HRD professiona...


ABSTRACT No-audio Multimodal Speech Detection is one of the tasks in MediaEval 2020, with the goal to automatically detect whether someone is speaking in social interaction on the basis of body movement signals. In this paper, a multimodal fusion method, combining signals obtained by an overhead camera and a wearable accelerometer, was proposed to determine whether someone was speaking. The proposed system directly takes the accelerometer signals as input, while using a pre-trained 3D convolutional network to extract the video features that work as input. Experiments on the No-audio Multimodal Speech Detection task show that our method outperforms all submissions of previous years.


Since the end of 2019, a new coronavirus epidemic has swept the world, and has had a certain degree of impact on the economies of countries around the world. In the post-epidemic period, the domestic and international environment faced by enterprises has undergone major changes, and enterprises should make timely strategic adjustments in order to adapt to changes in the external environment and improve their competitiveness. The automobile industry is a pillar industry of a country's economy, and G Automobile Company is a leader in China's independent automobile brands. Based on SWOT analysis method, this paper analyzes the internal and external environment of G Automobile Company, summarizes four competitive factors, namely opportunities, threats, strengths and weaknesses, facing G Automobile company at the present stage, and puts forward the company's development strategy plan: starting from car products, gradually enrich MPV, SUV and other series and luxury brand passenger cars; Traditional fuel vehicles and new energy vehicles develop simultaneously, and constantly improve the brand image; On the basis of the existing strategy, continue to implement the strategy of industrial merger and cooperation, enter the international platform, obtain the relevant core technologies in the industry, and establish their own competitive advantages; At the same time to adopt and strengthen the export marketing strategy, while increasing the investment in advertising, improve brand awareness, so as to further improve the core competitiveness of enterprises.


Three key properties that are desired of trustworthy machine learning models deployed in high-stakes environments are fairness, explainability, and an ability to account for various kinds of "drift". While drifts in model accuracy have been widely investigated, drifts in fairness metrics over time remain largely unexplored. In this paper, we propose FEAMOE, a novel "mixture-of-experts" inspired framework aimed at learning fairer, more interpretable models that can also rapidly adjust to drifts in both the accuracy and the fairness of a classifier. We illustrate our framework for three popular fairness measures and demonstrate how drift can be handled with respect to these fairness constraints. Experiments on multiple datasets show that our framework as applied to a mixture of linear experts is able to perform comparably to neural networks in terms of accuracy while producing fairer models. We then use the large-scale HMDA dataset and show that various models trained on HMDA demonstrate drift and FEAMOE can ably handle these drifts with respect to all the considered fairness measures and maintain model accuracy. We also prove that the proposed framework allows for producing fast Shapley value explanations, which makes computationally efficient feature attribution based explanations of model decisions readily available via FEAMOE.


The perturbation theory of operator semigroups is used to derive response formulas for a variety of combinations of acting forcings and reference background dynamics. In the case of background stochastic dynamics, we decompose the response formulas using the Koopman operator generator eigenfunctions and the corresponding eigenvalues, thus providing a functional basis towards identifying relaxation timescales and modes and towards relating forced and natural fluctuations in physically relevant systems. To leading order, linear response gives the correction to expectation values due to extra deterministic forcings acting on either stochastic or chaotic dynamical systems. When considering the impact of weak noise, the response is linear in the intensity of the (extra) noise for background stochastic dynamics, while the second order response given the leading order correction when the reference dynamics is chaotic. In this latter case we clarify that previously published diverging results can be brought to common ground when a suitable interpretation—Stratonovich vs Itô—of the noise is given. Finally, the response of two-point correlations to perturbations is studied through the resolvent formalism via a perturbative approach. Our results allow, among other things, to estimate how the correlations of a chaotic dynamical system changes as a results of adding stochastic forcing.


This study aimed to determine the higher-order thinking skills of pre-service teachers through STEM-PjBL Model. The research method used was a quasi-experimental with one group pretest-posttest design. The N-Gain results mention the N-gain in both experimental and control classes that the physics learning process through the STEM-PjBL Model is 21% higher in improving higher-order thinking skills than Direct Learning. Improvement of students' ability to solve HOTS categorical questions in the experimental group taught by applying STEM-PjBL Model scored N-Gain 75% or 0.75, which increases the high category. In comparison, the control group led by applying the Direct Learning model achieved 54% or 0.54, meaning a moderate increase in categories. The results showed that learning using STEM-PjBL Model could improve higher-order thinking skills more than Direct Instruction Learning. The implications of this research include: gaining new knowledge that can be used as a pre-service teacher', adding insight regarding STEM-PjBL Model that can be used to grow students' science process skills, assisting schools in improving the quality of students, and the quality of the physics learning process in schools.


OBJECTIVE The chromosome number and karyotype of Rheum tanguticum were firstly reported in this paper.METHODS Sections combined with micrograph were used to analyze chromosome karyotype.RESULTS The results are presented as follows: normal diploid 2n=22;karyotype formula is K(2n)=22=20m+2sm,belonging to Stebbins's 1A type.CONCLUSION The karyotype of Rheum tanguticum belongs to original type.


One of the most significant concerns regarding the use of Highly-Automated Driving (HAD) is drivers' ability to regain control. Vibro-tactile alerts were already suggested as an effective modality for Take-Over Requests (TOR). However, it is not clear whether such alerts should be ipsilateral or contralateral relative to the location of hazards. Studies regarding tactile directionality in other domains, as well as in non-HAD vehicles have found mixed results. In the current study, 15 participants drove a highly-automated vehicle in a desktop configuration driving simulator. Each participant experienced two TORs in which they were required to regain control and divert the vehicle away from an impending hazard, situated 4 seconds in front of them. The disengagement of the autonomous driver was signaled to drivers using a directional tactile alert. For half of the participants, the tactile alert was directed to the direction of the hazard (contralateral), for the other half, the alert was directed away from it (ipsilateral). Results showed that drivers in both groups made the same amount of errors (initially steering the vehicle in the direction of the hazard before steering it away). However, when using ipsilateral alerts, drivers were faster to steer the vehicle away from the hazard. While this result is in contradiction to previous studies regarding the use of directional cues in driving, it is in-line with research regarding directional responses in other domains. We suggest an explanation for this discrepancy and discuss its implications.


The invention relates to a preparation method for graphene load flower-shaped porous nickel oxide composite materials. The preparation method is characterized in that graphene serves as a matrix, and flaky porous nickel oxide is assembled into flower-shaped nickel oxide balls and grows on the graphene matrix. The graphene serving as a matrix framework has good electric conductivity, the flower-shaped nickel oxide micro balls can achieve good electric conductivity through the graphene, and the appearance electric conductivity of the composite materials is improved. The width of a nickel oxide piece is 200-300 nm, the length of the nickel oxide piece is 400-600 nm, the thickness of the nickel oxide piece is 5-10 nm, mesopores of 2-10 nm are distributed in the flaky layer structure, and the diameter of the formed flower-shaped nickel oxide micro balls is 1-3 micrometers. The graphene load flower-shaped porous nickel oxide composite materials prepared through a hydrothermal method have the advantages of being large in specific surface area, high in single electrode capacity, good in cycle performance and the like, and suitable for supercapacitor electrode materials.


In people life there are economic, social and cultural changes. It is reflected in language, in its lexicon. The lexicon of khanty language as a whole is studied more not enough. In it there are a lot of loans from slavic, Ural, Indo-European, Turkic and tunguso-Manchurian languages.


We consider the A/B testing problem at the presence of correlation among observations coming from the same user. Furthermore, users may come from various segments where levels of correlation are different. A uniformly minimum-variance unbiased estimator of the population mean, called correlation-adjusted mean, is proposed to account for such correlation structure. It is proved theoretically and numerically better than the usual naive mean estimator and normalized mean estimator (taking average within users and then across users). The correlation-adjusted mean method is still unbiased but has reduced variance so it gains additional power. Several simulation studies are designed to show the estimation accuracy of the correlation structure, effectiveness in reducing variance, and capability of obtaining more power. An application to the eBay data is conducted to conclude this paper.


The rates of Bamberger-type rearrangement of phenylhydroxylamine (1a) and its derivatives (1b–d) to the corresponding p-aminophenols were determined in sulphuric acid solution. Plots of the pseudo-first-order rate constants against pH (or H0) indicate that the active species at [H2SO4] 1.00N(H0 region). The slope of Hammett plots (ρ) which was obtained by plotting kobs at [H2SO4] 1.00N against the Hammett σ values was –3.19. It was also established that the ΔS‡ values for the four substrates are all positive. These results suggest that the Bamberger rearrangement occurs by an SN1 mechanism and that the elimination of water from ArNHO+H2 is rate determining.


Based on the researches on the evaluation indexes of database,and contacting with local colleges'own characteristics,this paper puts forward the database evaluation indexes according to the three stages in the flow of the construction of the database, and makes simple analysis on each evaluation index.


Riano, E., Martignoni, M., Mancuso, G., Cartelli, D., Crippa, F., Toldo, I., et al. (2009). Pleiotropic effects of spastin on neurite growth depending on expression levels. Journal of Neurochemistry, 108(5), 1277-1288 doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2009.05875.x The definitive version is available at www.blackwell-synergy.com.
Mancuso, G., & Rugarli, E.I. (2008). A cryptic promoter in the first exon of the SPG4 gene directs the synthesis of the 60-kDa spastin isoform. BMC Biology, 6(1) 31 doi:10.1186/1741-7007-6-31
Ehses, S., Raschke, I., Mancuso, G., Bernacchia, A., Geimer, S., Tondera, D., et al. (2009). Regulation of OPA1 processing and mitochondrial fusion by m-AAA protease isoenzymes and OMA1. The Journal of Cell Biology, 187(7), 1023-1036 doi: 10.1083/jcb.200906084


Text-Independent speaker verification needs to extract text-independent speaker embedding to improve generalization performance. However, deep neural networks that depend on training data have the potential to overfit text information instead of learning the speaker information when repeatedly learning from the identical time series. In this paper, to prevent the overfitting, we propose a segment unit shuffling layer that divides and rearranges the input layer or a hidden layer along the time axis, thus mixes the time series information. Since the segment unit shuffling layer can be applied not only to the input layer but also to the hidden layers, it can be used as generalization technique in the hidden layer, which is known to be effective compared to the generalization technique in the input layer, and can be applied simultaneously with data augmentation. In addition, the degree of distortion can be adjusted by adjusting the unit size of the segment. We observe that the performance of text-independent speaker verification is improved compared to the baseline when the proposed segment unit shuffling layer is applied.


This study aims to determine the effect of sales promotion and service quality on purchasing decisions of ACE Hardware Grand Indonesia consumers. The research method uses quantitative. The population in this study were consumers who had shopped at ACE Hardware Grand Indonesia, while the number of samples used was 122 respondents. The data analysis method used simple linear regression test, multiple linear regression, correlation coefficient, coefficient of determination, partial t test and simultaneous F test. The results showed that: (1) Partially there is a positive and significant influence between sales promotions on purchasing decisions, with the regression equation Y = 4.675 + 0.912X?, and the coefficient of determination is 62%. (2) Partially there is a positive and significant effect between service quality on purchasing decisions, with the regression equation Y = 5.583 + 0.423X?, and the coefficient of determination is 57.7%. (3) Simultaneously, there is a positive and significant effect of sales promotion and service quality on purchasing decisions of ACE Hardware Grand Indonesia consumers, with the regression equation Y = 1.508 + 0.586(X?) + 0.236(X?), and the coefficient of determination is 72, 1%.


This paper focused on gender enrolment gap and its impact on the production of vocational and technical education teachers in northern Nigeria. The paper analyses gender access to vocational and technical education programmes of Aminu Saleh College of Education, Azare, Bauchi State, Nigeria for three academic sessions from 2013/2014 to 2015/2016. Documentary Research Design is used in the study. Two research questions were answered, and two hypotheses are tested using t-test statistics. The results showed that vast gender gap exists in terms of both access to teacher training institutions in general and vocational and technical teacher education programmes in particular. The results revealed low proportion of women enrolled and produced as vocational and technical education teachers despite their role in enhancing scientific literacy and technological independence especially in the north-east now in need of concrete plans to rebuild the region seriously affected by insurgency. The paper recommended that effective management of vocational and technical education will solve the problems of poverty, unemployment, and insecurity in the area. This could be achieved when good policies are put in place to encourage and supports female participation in vocational and technical teacher education programmes towards attaining quality and unbiased teacher production for sustainable national development.


The behaviour of a masonry arch bridge under loading is analysed in this paper using a non-linear straight tapered beam element computer program. Collapse solutions are obtained resulting from the 'effective arch ring' that excludes cracking and yielding positions in the arch ring. The loading distribution on the arch ring and the lateral passive fill pressure are discussed. Comparisons between the numerical results and the results of load tests show reasonable agreement. The effects of different arch shapes and the properties of the materials are assessed. (Author/TRRL)


The absorption process of radiative heat in its transmission medium and the effect of ultra-attenuation on the radiative characteristics are analyzed in detail. A method of ultra-attenuation to enhance the radiative characteristics of the medium is proposed. It is proved that decreasing the particle size of coatings can increase the transmission depth of radiative heat and get higher emissivity and absorptivity both theoretically and practically. Ultra-attenuation and nanocrystallization will bring a brilliant prospect to the development of radiative coatings.


—Gangliosides have been isolated from myelin obtained from three types of peripheral nerve: bovine spinal roots, bovine sciatic nerve and human sciatic nerve. Yields in most cases were 218–287 μg of lipid‐bound sialic acid per g myelin, less than half that previously obtained from CNS myelin. Myelin accounted for approx 60% of total ganglioside present in whole spinal root. The human sample contained only N‐acetylneuraminic acid but the two bovine preparations contained that as well as N‐glycolylneuraminic acid; N‐acetylglucosamine and N‐acetylgalactosamine were both present in all three preparations. Sphingosine was the major long‐chain base in each preparation while 4‐eicosasphingenine (d20:1) comprised about 14% in the two bovine samples and 3% in the human sample. The major fatty acids in all preparations were 16:0, 18:0, 22:0, 24:0 and 24:1. Sialosylgalactosyl ceramide (G7), a ganglioside characteristic of CNS myelin, was not detected in any of the PNS samples. The majority of gangliosides in bovine spinal root myelin were monosialo species, although the structures differed in some respects from those of CNS myelin. The molar concentration of lipid‐bound sialic acid in PNS myelin is roughly equivalent to that of the P1 basic protein.


Goal of this study was the synthesis of new structurally related imidazoline molecules direct to selectively interact with a2-Adrenoreceptors (a2-ARs) or I2-Imidazoline Binding Sites (I2-IBS). The rational design of these new compounds held in due consideration all the indications emerged by previous investigations, among them: i) the observation that essential requirement for α2-ARs/I2-IBS discrimination was the presence of an oxyethyl or ethylenic chain, respectively, between the aromatic portion and imidazoline nucleus; ii) the hypothesys that α2-ARs and I2-IBS could present analogies in the nature and orientation of some critical binding functions. The obtained ligands proved to be useful tools for the respective system characterization.
In both systems it was demonstrated that the introduction of pendent groups in the basic structure phenyl ring of some studied leads was able to induce a drastic change of their biological profile.
In fact, known α2-ARs antagonists, such as 1 and idazoxan, changed into efficient agonists, sometimes, endowed with significant α2C-AR selectivity (Section 1A).
Moreover, highlighting the critical role played by chirality in the activation of α2C-AR subtype, still defined enigmatic, it was showed that the ligand required stereochemical characteristics were strongly dependent on the nature of the pendent group in ortho position of the phenyl ring. In fact, a surprising reversal of enantioselectivity was observed for similar compounds biphenyline and m-nitro-biphenyline, whose preferred α2C configurations proved (S)-(-) and (R)-(+) forms, respectively (section 1B).
Many opiate drugs, such as morphine, are commonly used for pain relief, but their usefulness in prolonged use is limited by the development of tolerance and dependence. Since several studies indicated that the possible synergism with I2-IBS-mediated antinociceptive mechanisms could enhance the morphine analgesia and attenuate its side effects, new I2-IBS ligands have been prepared. All the new compounds displayed interesting I2-IBS affinity and significant I2-IBS selectivity with respect to I1-IBS and α2-ARs. As aforementioned, the introduction of substituents in the aromatic ring induced a significant change of biological profile. In fact, the compounds lacking in or endowed with pendent groups produced enhancement (positive modulation) or decrease (negative modulation), respectively, of morphine analgesia. Interestingly, both modulations appeared useful to attenuate the side effects development. In particular, phenyzoline (1, displaying positive modulation) and compound 9 (displaying negative modulation) proved able to significantly attenuate the development of tolerance and dependence, respectively (2A and 2B Sections). Finally, the comparative study of some rationally designed compounds pointed out some significant analogies between the hydrophobic domain of I2-IBS proteins binding site and aromatic cluster of α2C-AR binding site cavity.


The Nature of Partnership in Bangladesh is discussed here. This is just a short basic discussion on this matter. Nothing extensively discussed here regarding the rules, rights of the parties etc. Basically the concept of partnership, how far adopted and introduced, is discussed here.


Sports games have a complex effect on the processes of forming the need for regular exercise, physical improvement, health promotion, intellectual development, aesthetic education. This tool is an organic part of the process of physical education of participants of all levels of higher education systems.
An important problem today is the weakening of the health of people of all ages and genders. According to official sources and the results of scientific research of leading specialists in the field of health, biology, physiology, physical education and sports, this problem is relevant in the context of modern higher education, as indicated by low rates of physical and functional readiness of students Training in sports games is subject to the relevant laws in physical education, and in the process of training and improvement is the development of techniques and tactics. Game sports are always included in the programs of physical education of student youth as an important and popular means of improving the health of students.
The results of the study showed that the use of volleyball and basketball in the process of physical education of students of non-core higher education institutions has a positive effect on the development of physical qualities of girls: speed, agility, speed and strength.


Medium voltage (MV) modular multilevel converter (MMC) is an attractive candidate for multi MW fast charging station (FCS) to transfer high power with high efficiency, and a medium-frequency (MF) isolated dual active-bridge (DAB) DC/DC converter is needed to step down the voltage in this application. In this regard, MMC-based isolated DAB DC/DC converter is a good candidate to be used in FCS. In MMC-based isolated DAB DC/DC converter, Quasi-two-level (Q2L) waveform is the preferred waveform for the AC side voltage of MMC due to low dv/dt and small capacitor of submodules. The analysis on power losses of MMC in this application and with this specific AC voltage waveform is an important issue for a cellular high-efficiency design that requires more investigation. This paper provides an analysis to estimate switching and conduction losses of MMC used to produce a quasi-two-level waveform which can be used among the others also in DAB applications. Finally, the effectiveness of the losses analysis is verified by simulation results, and the experimental results are used to investigate the behavior of MMC in this application.


Delve into XVIth century Rome during the controversial and bloody rule of Pope Rodrigo Borgia, and meet Ezio Auditore da Firenze and his brotherhood of assassins as they make their way through a religious procession and stand off against the Papal Guard and their commander, Cesare Borgia.


Prestack wave-equation migration of isotropic or anisotropic elastic seismic data is described as vector wavefield extrapolation, plus an imaging condition for combinations of shot and receiver wave-modes. For azimuthally anisotropic data, the effect is to combine the (normally separate) steps of shear-wave splitting correction and migration into a single migration step. This enables a more accurate correction of the shear waves based upon the local propagation direction. The algorithm is extended to laterally varying medium with two different forms of generalized phase shift operators. The first, which we call "phase shift plus adaptive windowing" (PSPAW), is appropriate for anisotropic media described by several parameters. The second, based on conventional phase shift plus interpolation (PSPI), has been formulated for isotropic media, but is computationally intractable for general anisotropic media. The PSPAW algorithm has been applied to numerically modeled data, for a model which contains a faulted HTI. The isotropic PSPI algorithm has been applied to a new elastic version of the well-known Marmousi model, to test the ability of this algorithm with highly variable media. The preliminary results are encouraging, especially for the shallow imaging of the converted wave data.


Summary

The potassium status of a group of unfertilized volcanic soils was measured by the intensity, exchangeable, nitric acid-soluble, fixation, and total potassium values. The soils were classified by the amount of weathering and predominant clay minerals as determined by field characteristics. The soils contained principally pyroxenes, soda-lime feldspars, and variable quantities of glass and amphiboles. There was a marked absence of potassium-bearing minerals in the fine-sand fraction. Clay content varied from 5 to 72 per cent and total potassium averaged 0.38 per cent. Neither potassium highly soluble in nitric acid nor that of limited solubility were related to percentage clay, but both were highly correlated with total potassium. Fixation of potassium was usually low. Potassium intensity, expressed by pK-1/2 p(Ca 4- Mg) values, was determined by equilibrating soil with potassium in calcium chloride solutions. Such values were shown to be similar to those from soil-solution extracts displaced by alcohol. The potassium-intensity status was highest in allophane soils and lowest in montmorillonite soils; and was correlated with exchangeable, fixed and highly soluble nitric acid potassium. The last was highly correlated with exchangeable potassium. Partial correlation coefficients showed that the major factors controlling potassium intensity were exchangeable potassium relative to exchangeable calcium and magnesium and the potassium-fixing ability.


Minimal intervention dentistry is defined as a philosophy of professional care which deals with the first occurrence, earliest detection and earliest cure of the disease at micro levels followed by minimal invasive treatment to repair the irreversible damage caused by that disease. In the past, dentistry's approach to treating dental caries has been surgical – removing diseased tissue and replacing it with restorative material. Minimal intervention dentistry embodies following principles: •Reminiralization of early lesion. •Reduction in cariogenic bacteria, in order to eliminate the risk of further demineralization and cavitation. •Minimum surgical intervention of cavitated lesion. •Repair rather than replacement of defective restorations. •Disease control. The knowledge required for the adoption of this new philosophy has been accumulating for a number of years and the principles have been utilized in enough practices to suggest that they are sound. From realization to conceptualization… From conceptualization to materialization… …it has to begin with REALIZATION…!!!


When any educational activity is in the process of achieving academic recognition it is desirable that practitioners should agree on the terminology used to describe the subject. Currently a number of different educational terms are being used, somewhat indiscriminately, to identify the organizational structure of home economics. This paper considers the merits of such terms and identifies one which appears to offer an appropriate description of the organizational structure of this subject.


The catalysts [K,Ti]ZSM-5 were prepared and characterized by XRD.IR.SEM.The performance of the reaction for benzene oxidation over the catalyst was investigated.The rusults indicated that the [K.Ti]ZSM-5 have a high catalytic activity in system composed of equimolar quantities of benzene.Phenol and hydrogen peroxidate with 83% (16h) conversion based on benzene,98% selectivity and in 2.4 mmol/h·Cat(g) yield of phenol at 20℃.The effect of solvent and temperature etc.have been disscussed.


Objective To study the Doppler flow spectrum of fetal hepatic vein.Methods One hundred and twelve pregnant women of gestational age 27~42 weeks were examined by common ultrasonography, then the vein of fetal liver were investigated by two dimensional and duplex Doppler ultrasonography. Results The Doppler flow spectrum of normal fetal hepatic vein could be classified into 3 types:Type I, 68 cases,showed two negative waveforms.Type Ⅱ, 23 cases showed 3 phase waveform, two negative and one transient positive waves,in accordance with those of adult. Type Ⅲ, 21 cases, showed one negative waveform.Of all the spectra, two cases were abnormal, showing markedly increased positive flow, which was proved to be due to congenital heart disease.Conclusions Investigating the fetal hepatic venous flow by duplex Doppler ultrosongraphy was feasible.The Doppler flow spectrum showed that the increase in the frequence and amplitude of positive flow spectrum could be important to the diagnosis of the congenital heart disease.


Objective: To describe the quality of life in people with HIV/AIDS in Medellin, according the MOSSF-36 and the stories of individuals living with HIV/AIDS. Materials and methods: Mixed in all subjects with HIV/AIDS belonging to a nongovernmental organization in Medellin. It describes the quality of life and its relationship with socio-demographic aspects through proportions, summary measures, U Mann Whitneys


In this paper we analyze the electrical and magnetic properties of the double layer perovskite-manganese oxide Sr2FeMoO6,Ba2FeMoO6,discuss the magnetoresistance effect.The experiments show that Sr2FeMoO6 presents the conductivity of the semiconductor while Ba2FeMoO6 the one of metal conductor.


With the migration of more and more workflows to clouds, the workflow scheduling in clouds (WSC) becomes a critical problem. Although many algorithms have been presented for WSC, there is still room and need for improvement. This article formulates WSC as a constrained optimization problem that optimizes workflow execution cost within a workflow deadline constraint and proposes a fully hybrid workflow scheduling algorithm, called HPCP-PSO to solve it. Unlike previous works, HPCP-PSO is based on the repeated and alternated execution of two different methods, namely, the heuristic IaaS Cloud Partial Critical Paths (IC-PCP) and meta-heuristic Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). Moreover, HPCP-PSO incorporates with two novel designs: 1) a new solution encoding strategy not only to sufficiently embody the elasticity of cloud resources, but also to reflect the scheduling relationship between assigned and unassigned tasks; 2) a solution repair strategy on each infeasible lease process to utilize a user-defined deadline more effectively and enhance the solution efficiency of the algorithm. Extensive experiments are conducted on four real-world scientific workflows and the results show that compared with IC-PCP, PSO, and HGSA, the proposed algorithm outperforms them on average by 35.83%, 70.53%, and 87.71% in terms of workflow execution cost.


A plant extract granule for protecting eyesight and controlling retinopathy is made from the following components of: by weight, 0-1 part of xanthophyll, 15-20 parts of Radix Puerariae, 45-50 parts of cassia seed and 30-35 parts of haw. With the combination of xanthophyll, natural plants Radix Puerariae, cassia seed and haw served as a homology of medicine and food are selected as raw materials. The plant extract granule has no side effect and has an effect of protecting eyesight, has a good function of preventing and treating middle aged and old people AMD and cataract as well as retinopathy, and simultaneously is suitable for those who overuse their eyes, such as students, computer workers, white collar workers, drivers and the like.


Gaven Kerr, O.P., in his excellent book Aquinas's Way to God: The Proof in De Ente et Essentia (2015), reconstructs, in a supportive manner, St. Thomas Aquinas's metaphysical argument for the existence of God from the work De Ente et Essentia. This argument, although less discussed than his five ways, expressed the most important and original principles of Aquinas's metaphysics. Kerr's book has two advantages, namely (i) it is based on meticulously analysed source texts written by Thomas, and (ii) it consistently defends his main ideas in the context of problems discussed in contemporary analytic metaphysics. Thanks to this, the reader is presented with Aquinas's authentic argument, which can be at the same time treated as a serious and upto-date metaphysical proposal. Nowhere does Kerr summarize Thomas's argument in a more formal way. Being based on Kerr's book (cf. KERR 2015, e.g. 92, 148), however, Aquinas–Kerr's argument can be easily (although with a certain degree of simplification) outlined in the following way: (1) There are things in which the real distinction and composition of essence and esse occurs. (2) If there are things in which the real distinction and composition of essence and esse occurs, then each of these things needs a distinct cause of its esse.