AGH – University of Science and Technology, al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland compression), both these explanations do not fit well to the conception of blastesis of the Ca-rich garnets within the investigated gneisses in UHPM conditions. The ambiguity of the UHPM genesis of Grs-Alm garnets in the orthogneisses is emphasized by different composition of garnets appearing in ultra-high pressure granulites from the ŚMC. The bimodal granulites build here several km long belt called the Stary Gierałtów Granulitic Complex. The garnets in the felsic granulites display significantly higher amount of magnesium, typical for HP metamorphism (Alm 48–53, Prp 19–23, Grs 25.5–29.5, Sps 0.5–1, And 0–0.5). On the other hand, the whole rock chemical composition of the orthogneisses and felsic granulites is analogous. Also the garnets from thin intercalations of felsic high-pressure rocks in the ŚMC eclogites contain more Mg than the ones from eclogite-bearing gneisses (Alm 37–62.5, Prp 8–35, Grs 4.3–37.5, Sps 0.5–13.5, And 0–2). In conclusion, the high-Ca composition of garnets occurring in part of the eclogite-bearing gneisses may not be a sufficient evidence for common, in situ (ultra-)high pressure metamorphism of the eclogites and their host orthogneisses in the Śnieżnik Metamorphic Complex. Origin of these Grs-Alm garnets can be connected not with the burial to the mantle depths, but with migmatisation, possibly in the upper amphibolite-facies conditions. References BAKUN-CZUBAROW N., 1992. Quartz pseudomorphs after coesite and quartz exsolutions in eclogitic clinopiroxenes of the Złote Mountains in the Sudetes. Arch. Mineral., 48(1-2): 3-26. BORKOWSKA M., ORŁOWSKI R. and BACHLIŃSKI R., 2003. Próba wykazania zróżnicowania ortognejsów metamorfiku Lądka-Śnieżnika na podstawie badań geochemiczno-izotopowych. Research Report, Polish Acad. Sci., Warsaw, Poland. BRÖCKER M. and KLEMD R., 1996. Ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism in the Śnieżnik Mountains: P-T constraints and geological implications. Journ. of Geol., 104: 417-433. CARSWELL D.A., WILSON R.N. and ZHAI M., 2000. Metamorphic evolution, mineral chemistry and thermobarometry of schists and orthogneisses hosting ultra-high pressure eclogites in the Dabieshan of central China. Lithos, 52: 121-155. GORDON S.M., SCHNEIDER D.A., MANECKI M. and HOLM D.K., 2005. Exhumation and metamorphism of an ultrahigh-grade terrane: geochronometric investigations of the Sudete Mountains (Bohemia), Poland and Czech Republic. Journ. Geol. Soc. Lond., 162: 841-855. STAWIKOWSKI W., 2005. Historia deformacji i metamorfizmu w strefach kontaktów eklogitów z gnejsami w metamorfiku Śnieżnika. Ph.D. Thesis, Adam Mickiewicz Univ. Poznań, Poland.


Here, we report the ZnO/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) based photodetectors that can response to ultraviolet as well as visible light. The temporal response of the heterostructures for various excitations in the ultraviolet (UV) and visible range are performed. The time constants are found to be excitation-dependent, the response to visible light is better as compared to UV. The reason behind the better response to UV light is the high level of defects present in ZnO as confirmed by the photoluminescence (PL) measurements. This is corroborated by the time resolved fluorescence (TRF) measurements which provides sufficient information behind the slow response time under the UV excitations. The possible explanation being the non-radiative recombinations occurring due to the traps or impurities present in the film which slows down the photoresponse.


Parkinson's disease is a disorder of nervous system that mainly affects aged people. It is caused by the progressive degeneration of nerve cells in the brain, which results in a lack of dopamine necessary for controlled movements. As Parkinson's disease can not be cured, the early detection of Parkinson's disease is very helpful for a better management and care of patients, their families and the communities. This thesis reviewed the research status of Parkinson's Disease (PD) diagnosis and extensive genetic association of PD issues, and proposed a key feature based machine learning strategy for PD classification tasks based on the open source database PPMI. In this thesis, a series of classification experiments were carried out, such that the set of single modality models were compared to a multiple modality model for PD diagnosis. Results of these experiments lead to a critical issue that more features for a diagnostic system seem to be necessary, but it should be verified if the more features are, the better the performance of a diagnostic system is. Therefore, a key feature classification strategy was proposed to explore the issue proposed above. At the first step, diagnostic features for PD classification are ranked by a decision tree model. This ranking procedure is then followed by a feeding procedure, in which a set of selected key features according to their importance ranking are fed into a machine learning model progressively, each time by feeding one more feature. This feeding procedure is iteratively processed until the performance reaches a local or global optimum. xi


Objective: to understand the social representations of women about quality of life and its relationship with violence against women. Method: a descriptive study, with a qualitative approach, based on Social Representation Theory and Core Nucleus Theory. From a semi-structured script, 100 women aged 20 to 49 years were interviewed from a primary care service. The analysis of the data was done by the software EVOC 2000, by the four-frame technique and by the Content Analysis technique. Results: great importance was attached to loving and respectful interpersonal relationships. There is a relation between the representation of quality of life and violence against women, in the sense that the elements of quality of life are aimed at filling certain deficiencies that give rise to violence. Conclusion: it is necessary to think of ways to promote quality of life as a strategy to combat violence against women. Descriptors: Quality of Life; Women's Health; Violence Agaist Women. RESUMO Objetivo: compreender as representações sociais de mulheres sobre qualidade de vida e sua relação com a violência contra a mulher. Método: estudo descritivo, de abordagem qualitativa, fundamentado na Teoria das Representações Sociais e na Teoria do Núcleo Central. Foram entrevistadas, a partir de um roteiro semiestruturado, 100 mulheres de 20 a 49 anos de idade de um serviço de atenção primária. A análise dos dados foi feita pelo software EVOC 2000, pela técnica do quadro de quatro casas e pela técnica de Análise de conteúdo. Resultados: grande importância foi atribuída às relações interpessoais amorosas e respeitosas. Existe uma relação entre a representação de qualidade de vida e violência contra a mulher, no sentido de que os elementos da qualidade de vida visam suprir determinadas carências, que fazem surgir a violência. Conclusão: é necessário pensar em formas de se promover a qualidade de vida também como uma estratégia de enfrentamento da violência contra a mulher. Descritores: Qualidade de Vida; Saúde da Mulher; Violência Contra a Mulher. RESUMEN Objetivo: comprender las representaciones sociales de mujeres sobre calidad de vida y su relación con la violencia contra la mujer. Método: estudio descriptivo de abordaje cualitativo, basado en la teoría de las representaciones sociales y la teoría del núcleo Central. Se entrevistó a, partir de un guion semiestructurado, 100 mujeres 20 a 49 años de edad de un servicio de atención primaria. El análisis de datos fue realizado por el software de 2000, por la técnica de marco EVOC de cuatro casas y por la técnica de análisis de contenido. Resultados: gran importancia fue atribuida a las relaciones interpersonales amorosas y respetuosas. Existe una relación entre la calidad de vida y violencia contra la mujer, en el sentido de que elementos de la calidad de vida pretenden superar ciertas deficiencias, que puedan generar la violencia. Conclusión: es necesario pensar en maneras de promover la calidad de vida, así como una estrategia para combatir la violencia contra la mujer. Descriptores: Calidad de Vida; Salud de la Mujer; Violencia Contra la Mujer. Nurse, Master of Nursing, School of Nursing, Federal University of Minas Gerais (EEUFMG). Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil. E-mail: email@example.com; Nurse, MSc in Nursing at EEUFMG, Professor at the Federal University of São João Del Rei. São João Del Rei (MG), Brazil. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com; Nurse, PhD in Public Health Nursing at the University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing (USP), Lecturer at EEUFMG. Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil. E-mail: email@example.com; Nurse, PhD in Nursing Philosophy, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Lecturer at EEUFMG. Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com ORIGINAL ARTICLE Palhoni ARG, Oliveira VJ, Villela LCM et al. Representações de mulheres sobre qualidade... English/Portuguese J Nurs UFPE on line., Recife, 11(4):1701-8, Apr., 2017 1702 ISSN: 1981-8963 DOI: 10.5205/reuol.9763-85423-1-SM.1104201719 In the last decades, with the insertion of women in the labor market, a rise of a large part of the female population occurred. However, still remain an object of preconceptions crystallized in stereotyped roles, with their rights disrespected in the sphere of work, social life, affective, sexual and reproductive. This phenomenon, which is characterized by different forms of violence against women, will impose a substantial weight on their quality of life and their families. Violence against women, whether subtle or declared, leaves marks on the body and soul of those who experience them and negatively impacts on various aspects of life, especiall, in health, implying damage to the quality of life. When this does not evolve For death, according to Waiselfisz2, by the records of the Mortality Information System (MIS), between 1980 and 2013, a total of 106,093 women died of homicide. The number of victims increased from 1,353 women, in 1980 to 4,762, in 2013, an increase of 252 per cent. The rate in 2013 was 4.8 homicides per 100,000 women, far exceeding the rates found in most countries in the world. Violence is associated with social issues, such as rising inequalities, increasing unemployment, a lack of perspective in the labor market, impunity, police arbitrariness, the absence or omission of policies in this context, this issue has become a public health problem of great repercussion in the world4 and has mobilized the creation of national and international proposals that are being debated on the situation of women, providing for a global approach to reduce inequities and provide conditions For their participation in public, private and social life. The fact is that violence against women affects quality of life and that social problems, that harm quality life, can contribute to violence. Quality of life is a term of multiple meanings and the definition that is being most commonly used is that of the World Health Organization (WHO), which starts with the perspective that one has on his or her position in life in relation to their cultural contexts, values and also about your goals, personal expectations and concerns. Thus, this definition demonstrates the existence of the subjective aspect in the meaning of the term quality of life, which relates to the context in which the individual is inserted and how it is perceived in that context. A study carried out with women from a public network in a municipality in the Metropolitan Region of Belo Horizonte showed that the probable justifications for the occurrence of violence were based on certain social and, mainly individual needs, such as: lack of self-love and lack of attitude and lack of basic conditions. In addition, it showed that the occurrence of violence generates feelings such as fear, insecurity, indignation and suffering, which negatively affect the lives of these women, interfering in the capacity to live harmoniously. Under this point of view, think actions to promote the quality of life is a strategy that can be effective in coping with violence against women. On the other hand, there are dimensions in the quality of life and violence that are not directly related or, still, can change with the time, space and subjects involved, but, in fact it is important to recognize that there are aspects in common and that need to be better the phenomenon of violence in greater depth. In addition, there are still few studies that present this relationship of quality of life with violence against women. Knowing conceptions about quality of life by women will also contribute to the recognition of dimensions that may affect it and, thus, subsidize an assistance based on interventions more appropriate to this population and in line with their health needs. It is hoped that this study may stimulate reflections of public management, health professionals and contribute to the development of scientific knowledge about the theme and to the confrontation of violence against women and promotion of quality of life. ● Understanding women's social representations of quality of life and their relationship to violence against women. This study is a clipping of the dissertation << Representations of women on violence against women and quality of life >>. It is a field research, exploratory and descriptive, with a qualitative approach and based on the Theory of Social Representations, according to Moscovici, and on the Central Nucleus Theory, of Abric. The study scenario was a Basic Health Unit of the metropolitan area of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, which had two family health teams. Participants in the survey were women aged 20 to 49 who searched the health service on the days of data collection. MÉTHOD OBJECTIVE INTRODUCTION Palhoni ARG, Oliveira VJ, Villela LCM et al. Representações de mulheres sobre qualidade... English/Portuguese J Nurs UFPE on line., Recife, 11(4):1701-8, Apr., 2017 1703 ISSN: 1981-8963 DOI: 10.5205/reuol.9763-85423-1-SM.1104201719 She considered the following inclusion criteria: being a woman; be between 20 and 49 years of age; reside in the area covered by the service in which the research was carried out; to have, at the time of the interview, health conditions to respond to the instrument of data collection and agree to participate in the research. Those who did not fit this profile were excluded from the study. After initial contact and clarification about the research objectives, the participants signed the Free and Informed Consent Term (FICT) by the participants and researchers. The production of data was performed in the premises of the Health Center, through the technique of free evocation of words. A questionnaire of free evocations on the terms inducing violence against women and quality of life was used, together with the variables of identification of the respondents, such as age, skin color, marital status and presence or absence of children. However, in order to achieve the objectives


It was experimentally established, that the application of acid hydrolyzate in cultivation environment increases a biomass gain and the quantity of carotinoids by 33 and 92 % accordingly; the addition of culture fluid increases the quantity of biomass by 16-29 %, the quantity of carotinoids by 20-63 %. It is proved, that the influence of biostimulant on the growth and carotenogenesis Rhodococcus specium culture 44 depends on the exchange features of the given culture, the character of stimulating action of separate substances and concerns only the given culture.


A method for operating a circuit arrangement (ASIC) having a clock signal generator (LPO) and with a reference clock signal generator (RO), wherein the circuitry (ASIC) by means of the clock signal generator (LPO) is clocked and is adapted, depending on a predetermined sensor signal (S_MR) at least either to increment a counter (CNT1, CNT2) or decrement. In the method of the switched clock signal generator (LPO) is after switching on the reference clock signal generator (RO) monitoring predetermined clock signal having a predetermined first frequency such that, depending on (by a determined ratio between the first frequency and a second predetermined frequency of a reference clock signal of the reference clock signal generator RO) is signaled an error. The error is signaled in such a way that are detected at a ratio outside a predetermined ratio range counts of the at least one counter (CNT1, CNT2) even before turning on the reference clock signal generator (RO) as invalid and signaled.


In this study the bench mark test for tensile test was performed and the result for mechanical properties of each maker has been compared to check the reliability of the tensile test as a measure of formability evaluation test method. The results show that the tensile properties of each maker are very different due to the some difference including in the testing procedure and the accuracy of the testing machine.
Due to this discrepadancy of tensile properties for the same sheet materials it is hard to clarify the accurate evaluation of the cause of the stamping failure. Therefore to assure the reliability of the tensile test the standization of the tensile test method is needed.


This paper presents an application of the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm to perform lag space selection for a Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP)-based Non-Linear Autoregressive Model with Exogenous Inputs (NARX) model of a down-flowing steam distillation system. PSO represents each candidate lag space as integer values. These candidate lag spaces were then used to construct the training data, which was then used to train the MLP. Two datasets have been used in this experiment. These datasets were separated into training and validation data using the interlacing technique. The PSO-based optimization results were then compared with the ARX structure selection function in MATLAB. The results suggest that the proposed method managed to improve the OSA model fit compared to the MATLAB ARX structure selection method.


It has been proved in the management practices that execution is playing a more and more important role in the development of business,deciding the fate of a corporation.Improving the executive force of cadres should be built on better personnel proficiency of all,better sense of responsibility,better work ethic and better work performance.During the practices,an effective strategy and enforcement is necessary to highlight and solve the key problems regarding the actual effect in an aim to pull off with half efforts.Moreover,it's a must to establish scientific regulations and post shifts,strengthen supervision and addressing ability,and step up accountability implementation and performance assessment to achieve better results on executive enforcement.


Radiation-induced liver toxicity is a major limitation to the use of radiation in the treatment of intrahepatic cancers. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential radioprotective effect of a smallmolecule tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-) inhibitor, UTL-5g, against radiation-induced acute liver injury. Mice were pre-treated by i.p. injection with UTL-5g and control vehicle one hr prior to liver irradiation at 15 Gy. Blood and liver were collected 2 hr after irradiation and analyzed for levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities in serum and TNF- in liver tissue extracts. Both AST and ALT in serum and TNF- in liver induced by irradiation were significantly reduced by UTL-5g in a drug dose-dependent manner. The reductions of AST, ALT and TNF- appeared to correlate with the reduction of liver apoptosis detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay. A radiation dose escalation study (5, 15 and 25 Gy) showed that UTL-5g at 60 mg/kg was effective as a radioprotective agent at 5 and 15 Gy; the protection was only modest at 25 Gy. In summary, our results suggest that the TNF- inhibitor, UTL-5g, is potentially radioprotective against acute phase of radiation-induced liver injury.


A procedure for determining a real vitamin A value in feces using chromatography is described. In the presence of much carotenoids in feces, it was found that a considerable amount of vitamin A appeared in petroleum benzine effluent and the method of determining real vitamin A in such cases was also described.


Accumulating evidence indicates regional structural changes in the white matter (WM) of brains in patients with blepharospasm (BSP); however, whether large‐scale WM structural networks undergo widespread reorganization in these patients remains unclear.


Pharmaceutical production has historically relied on multipurpose batch vessels in order to produce material through scheduled production campaigns. Although this method is flexible, it is becoming...


Recent evidences demonstrate that branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) are associated with a number of pathologies encompassing insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease as well as ischemic stroke, major depression and Huntington disease. Therefore, the measurement and monitoring of BCAAs levels in biological fluids and organs could represent a promising method for aiding in the clinical diagnosis and prognosis assessment for patients. However, too many questions are still open regarding the mechanisms at the basis of the relationship between BCAAs levels and disease process/severity. It is widely accepted that BCAAs levels in diagnosing, predicting or monitoring disease can be concretely useful in the presence of additional information that will place these levels in the context of the whole clinical picture.


: Security measures are urgently required to mitigate the recent rapid increase in network security attacks. Although methods employing machine learning have been researched and developed to detect various network attacks effectively, these are passive approaches that cannot protect the network from attacks, but detect them after the end of the session. Since such passive approaches cannot provide fundamental security solutions, we propose an active approach that can prevent further damage by detecting and block-ing attacks in real time before the session ends. The proposed technology uses a two-level classifier structure: the first-stage classifier supports real-time classification, and the second-stage classifier supports accurate classification. Thus, the proposed approach can be used to determine whether an attack has occurred with high accuracy, even under heavy traffic. Through extensive evaluation, we confirm that our approach can provide a high detection rate in real time. Furthermore, because the proposed approach is fast, light, and easy to implement, it can be adopted in most existing network security equipment. Finally, we hope to mitigate the limitations of existing security systems, and expect to keep networks faster and safer from the increasing number of cyber-attacks.


Expertise retrieval has already gained significant interest in the area of information retrieval due to multitude of concrete application contexts where search for specific experts is required. In this paper, we introduce a formal concept analysis approach for clustering of a group of experts with respect to given subject areas. Initially, the domain of interest is presented at some level of abstraction by partitioning the domain to a number of subject areas. Next each expert is represented by a vector of contributions of the expert to the different areas. This defines an overlapping partition, which is further analyzed and refined into a disjoint one by applying Formal Concept Analysis. In this way a hierarchical conceptual structure is automatically derived. It consists of concepts where each one represents a subset of experts belonging to a number of subject areas. The set of all derived concepts partitions the experts into a set of disjoint expert areas.


ate. However, in the case of the Truman Doctrine —a vision of the international system and the U.S. role within it that has structured much of world politics since the end of World War II— such a treatment tends to give it equal weight with, say, the Stimpson Doctrine. The specialist would also find that limiting the discussion the program of aid to Greece and Turkey does not convey the full impact of NSC-68 and the Korean War of June, 1950 in giving the Truman Doctrine its comprehensive and compelling impact on U.S.-USSR relations, alliances, and the presentday arms race and U.S. relationships with the developing nations.


Kernelization algorithms are polynomial-time reductions from a problem to itself that guarantee their output to have a size not exceeding some bound. For example, d-Set Matching for integers d ≥ 3 is the problem of finding a matching of size at least k in a given d-uniform hypergraph and has kernels with O(kd) edges. Recently, Bodlaender et al. [ICALP 2008], Fortnow and Santhanam [STOC 2008], Dell and Van Melkebeek [STOC 2010] developed a framework for proving lower bounds on the kernel size for certain problems, under the complexity-theoretic hypothesis that coNP is not contained in NP/poly. Under the same hypothesis, we show lower bounds for the kernelization of d-Set Matching and other packing problems.

Our bounds are tight for d-Set Matching: It does not have kernels with O(kd−e) edges for any e > 0 unless the hypothesis fails. By reduction, this transfers to a bound of O(kd−1−e) for the problem of finding k vertex-disjoint cliques of size d in standard graphs. It is natural to ask for tight bounds on the kernel sizes of such graph packing problems. We make first progress in that direction by showing non-trivial kernels with O(k2.5) edges for the problem of finding k vertex-disjoint paths of three edges each. This does not quite match the best lower bound of O(k2−e) that we can prove.

Most of our lower bound proofs follow a general scheme that we discover: To exclude kernels of size O(kd−e) for a problem in d-uniform hypergraphs, one should reduce from a carefully chosen d-partite problem that is still NP-hard. As an illustration, we apply this scheme to the vertex cover problem, which allows us to replace the number-theoretical construction by Dell and Van Melkebeek [STOC 2010] with shorter elementary arguments.


Isolated strips of rabbit thoracic aorta, contracted to a steady‐state isometric tension by measured doses of α‐adrenoceptor agonists, exhibit a transient loss in tension when exposed to a flash of ultraviolet light. This response consists of an initial decrease in tension followed by a spontaneous restoration to equilibrium tension. The time course of the return to equilibrium from maximum relaxation is a biphasic exponential, resolvable into a fast phase and a slow phase. Previous work has shown that the fast phase of recovery is drug‐independent, but that the slow phase of recovery is drug‐dependent; i.e., the rate of return to equilibrium tension is unique for each agonist used to produce the initial contraction. When a system in equilibrium is perturbed in a manner such as this, the return to equilibrium is characterized by a time constant that is a function of the drug concentration. A plot of this time constant against drug consentration yields a straight line of slope and y‐intercept equal to the forward and reverse rate constants, respectively, of the chemical reaction. In this study, equilibrium perturbation by UV light was used to determine the forward and reverse rate constants (k1 and k2) of the drug‐receptor interaction and the dissociation constants (KA = k2/k1) of each of three α‐adrenoceptor agonists, norepinephrine, phenylephrine, and methoxamine. The values of KA reported here for all three agents and for different degrees of passive stretch (0.25‐g and 10‐g preload for norepinephrine, 10‐g preload for phenylephrine and methoxamine) are not significantly different from the corresponding values reported using the method of partial irreversible blockade of receptors. These findings are compatible with the hypothesis that the radiation disrupts the drug‐receptor equilibrium. Regardless of mechanism, however, the photorelaxation phenomenon may provide an additional tool for classifying vasoactive compounds.


The first cytological symptom of infection of phloem parenchyma cells by potato virus M is the formation of clusters of endoplasmic reticulum cisterns in a cytoplasm containing numerous ribosomes. Randomly distributed PVM particles are found in the vicinity of the cisterns. As the infection progresses, inclusions made up of regularly arranged particles of PVM are formed.The cytoplasm of the cells becomes electron transparent because the ER cisterns disappear. Masses of homogenous substances containing single PVM particles appear. There are two types of deposits in the inclusions containing PVM virus particles - additionally coated particles and tubules.


he detection of explosive ordnance (EO) objects is experiencing a period of innovation driven by the convergence of new technologies including artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning, open-source intelligence (OSINT) processing, and remote mobility capabilities such as drones and robotics. 1 Advances are being made on at least two tracks: in the automated searching of photographic image archives, and in the real-time detection of objects in the field. 2 Different technologies are responsive to different types of EO detection challenges, such as objects that are buried, semi-buried, or partially damaged. Computer vision—a type of artificial intelligence (AI) that enables computers and systems to derive meaningful information from digital images, videos, and other visual inputs, and take actions or make recommendations based on that information—is a promising AI technology that can greatly enhance humanitarian mine action (HMA), as well as support evidentiary documentation of the use of EO that are prohibited under international humanitarian law. This article describes a computer vision algorithm creation workflow developed to automate the detection of the 9N235/9N210 cluster submunition, a heavily deployed munition in the Ukraine conflict. The six-step process described here incorporates photography, photogrammetry, 3D-rendering, 3D-printing, and deep convolutional neural networks. 3 The resulting high-performance detector can be deployed for searching and filtering images generated as part of OSINT investigations and soon, for real-time field detection objectives.


Series of magnesium iron(111) hydroxides were coprecipitated at ambient temperature from different mixed metal cation solutions, at CM tot = 0.1 M and Mg/Fe2 ratios from 4 to 1/4, with sodium hydroxide solution. The relevant single precipitations and the coprecipitations were monitored by potentiometric (pH) titration and the final coprecipitate compositions were examined by chemical analysis, infra-red spectrophotometry and thermal analysis.

The coprecipitates onto aged α-FeOOH were simple mixtures of α-FeOOH and Mg(OH)2. The main coprecipitates were either «molecular inclusion mixtures» of microcrystalline α-FeOOH with excess Mg(OH)2 or similar mixtures of Mg(OH)2 with excess α-FeOOH and some ten-twenty percent (relative to the Mg content) of magnesium hydroxo-ferrate(III) hydrate Mg[Fe(OH)4]2 · h H2O. The coprecipitates aged in alkaline magnesium hydroxide suspension at 20 °C and 40 °C were mixtures of Mg(OH)2, α-FeOOH and forty to ninety percent (relative to the Mg content) of Mg[Fe(OH)4]2 · h H2O.

The related α-FeOOHNaOH and α-FeOOHMg(OH)2 equilibria and the different coprecipitation mechanisms are discussed.


For more than half a century bicycle transport demonstrates its effectiveness as one of the elements of the transport network of the city. Currently, vehicles with low-power motors such as electric bicycle, electric scooter, gyrometer, segway, wheelbarrow, scooter motor and others are gaining people's attention. These vehicles can be combined into a group of low-speed individual vehicles (hereinafter - NITS) with similar re-quirements for the operational parameters of urban infrastructure. From the urban point of view, the interest in NITC is that the number of its users has increased significantly in recent years. The article presents the results of a sociological survey of residents of Serpukhov, allowing to assess the current and potential readi-ness of the population to use NITC. The growing popularity of NITC has led to an increase in the environmen-tal and economic effect, which is manifested at a particular level of development of the movement on NITC. The ecological and economic effect of the use of NITC has an extremely positive impact on the improvement of the urban environment. This article provides a list of indicators that reflect the growth in the standards of living of society from movement by the NITC, and the calculation of one of them - the increase in entrepre-neurial activity on the streets with increased traffic to the NITC. Indicators are necessary for calculation of complex criterion of efficiency and safety of street network due to development of the movement by NITC. The result will allow public authorities authorized to make decisions on the strategy of transport policy of cities to quantify the ratio of economic benefits from the development of infrastructure of the NITC with the cost of its construction and operation.


The present thesis reports an empirical study of how ten remedial teachers or special remedial teachers, all women, encountered reality as supervisors or tutors in schools during the 1990s. The stu ...


The methanol extract of the aerial part of Triumfetta grandidens (Tiliaceae) was highly active against Meloidogyne incognita, with second-stage juveniles (J2s) mortality of 100% at 500 μg/mL at 48 h post-exposure. Two 4-quinolone alkaloids, waltherione E (1), a new alkaloid, and waltherione A (2), were isolated and identified as nematicidal compounds through bioassay-guided fractionation and instrumental analysis. The nematicidal activities of the isolated compounds against M. incognita were evaluated on the basis of mortality and effect on egg hatching. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited high mortalities against J2s of M. incognita, with EC50 values of 0.09 and 0.27 μg/mL at 48 h, respectively. Compounds 1 and 2 also exhibited a considerable inhibitory effect on egg hatching, which inhibited 91.9 and 87.4% of egg hatching, respectively, after 7 days of exposure at a concentration of 1.25 μg/mL. The biological activities of the two 4-quinolone alkaloids were comparable to those of abamectin. In addition, pot exp...


Pingtan has leading advantages for cross-strait cooperation in marine economy.Pingtan may construct a leading cooperation area in the following ways:building a cross-strait blue headquarter base;preparing a service center for marine science,education and culture;constructing a high-tech marine industry park;establishing aport logistics hub based on direct links across the Strait;and building Pingtan into a coastal tourism resort.In the last part of this paper,some countermeasures and suggestions for policy making are put forward.


The aim was to determine the small intestinal uptake in the pig of unaltered (unreacted) lysine in a heat-damaged glucose/casein mixture, containing high concentrations of the early-Maillard compound, deoxyfructosyllysine. Diets containing a heated glucose/casein mixture, where approximately one-third of the original lysine was in the form of deoxyfructosyllysine, and an unheated glucose/casein mixture were each fed to four 10 kg live weight pigs. Chromic oxide was used as an indigestible marker, and digesta were sampled at slaughter, from the terminal ileum. The apparent ileal digestibility of unaltered lysine in the heated glucose/casein was less than unity (59 ± 2.3%, mean ± SE). Gel chromatography of digesta (heated glucose/casein) showed a 430 Da, deoxyfructosyllysine-containing peak, suggesting the presence of deoxyfructosyllysine-containing limit peptides. The FDNB reactive lysine method does not allow accurate assessment of lysine availability in heated proteins, due to incomplete digestion and ab...


The Self-assembly adsorption of Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) on the hybrid surface including the discontinuous gold nano film and silica under liquid condition was studied in situ by Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) at room temperature. To investigate the adsorption of BSA on silica and gold nano film simultaneously, the surface with discontinuous gold nano film and visible blank block on silica by Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) and the ultrasonic cleaning technology was fabricated. Then we observed the variation on the substrate surface before and after injecting BSA aqueous solution with a 0.05mg/ml concentration at real time by AFM. The experimental results indicated that the adsorption strength of BSA on the surface of gold nano film is larger than that on silica surface, and further implied that the adsorption capability of the hydrophobic surface is larger than that of the hydrophilic, which is consistent with those reported. Moreover, it could be easily observed that the adsorption of BSA on gold nano film has great tendency to form a ridgeway-like topography.


Mantle-cell lymphoma (MCL) is characterized by an aggressive clinical course and poor prognosis with a median survival of only 3 to 4 years. High dose chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is an effective treatment strategy for MCL demonstrating significantly prolongs progression free survival (PFS) when compared to IFNa maintenance therapy of patients in first remission. We have previously shown that absolute lymphocyte count at day 15 (ALC-15) after ASCT is an independent prognostic factor for survival in hematologic malignancies (non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), Hodgkin's disease, multiple myeloma, primary amyloidosis, acute myelogenous leukemia) and breast cancer. The study of ALC-15 after ASCT as a prognosis factor in NHL included different subtypes of lymphomas. The relationship of ALC-15 after ASCT in patients with MCL has not been specifically addressed. Herein we present data evaluating the impact of early lymphocyte recovery (ALC-15) in patients undergoing ASCT for MCL. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 42 consecutive patients (9 females and 33 males) with MCL who underwent ASCT at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester from 1993 to 2005. Based on our previous studies, the ALC-15 threshold was set at 500 cells/μL. The median patient age at transplant was 57 years (range, 37–71) and the median follow-up after ASCT was 25 months (range, 2–106 months). The median overall (OS) and PFS times were significantly better for the 24 patients that achieved an ALC-15 ≥ 500 cells/mL compared with 18 patients with ALC-15


FR901464, a potent cell cycle inhibitor, was synthesized in a convergent manner using natural chiral pool, l-threonine, ethyl (S)-lactate and 2-deoxy-d-glucose as starting materials.


Fig. 1. Various developmental stages of Rubus plantlets derived from asexual embryogenesis: (A) normal 'Bristol' embryoid; (B) 'Jewel' x '88-2' plantlet in culture; (C) 'Jewel' plantlet established in the field. The objective of this study was to develop an asexual embryogenic regeneration system for Rubus, even though previous attempts had proved unsuccessful (Fiola and Swartz, 1986). In an initial experiment, fruits of fieldgrown R. occidentalis 'Bristol' and 'Jewel' and R. idaeus 'Exp-72' plants were collected at the early green, late-green or early yellow, and the red stages of ripeness. Seeds were extracted and disinfested in a 0.5% sodium hypochlorite and 0.5% Alconox solution for 15 min followed by two 30-sec sterile distilled water rinses. Cotyledon explants (0.5 to 1.0 mm) were excised from embryos that had been aseptically dissected from the seeds and cultured on a modified MS medium (Murashige and Skoog, 1962) containing 200 mg casein hydrolysate/liter, 3% sucrose, and 0, 0.45, or 4.5 μM (2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid (2,4D). For the three stages of ripeness, we used 133, 56, and60 explants for 'Bristol'; 143, 60, and 77 for 'Jewel'; and 64, 166, and 60 for 'Exp-72', with each group divided equally among growth regulator treatments. The pH of the medium was adjusted to 5.7 before adding 0.25% Gelrite (Scott Laboratories, Atlanta) and autoclaving. Cultures were incubated at 24C under cool-white fluorescent illumination (70 μmol·m -2·s-1). About 70% of all 'Bristol' and 'Jewel' explants extracted from seed of late-green or early yellow fruit were highly embryogenic regardless of 2,4-D concentration. Most embryoids originated directly from explant tissue and not through callus. Repetitive embryogenesis (Tulecke and McGranahan, 1985) was common in all of these cultures. Even though the initiation of embryogenesis occurred sooner on explants cultured on media containing 2,4D, embryoids developed on such media exhibited many abnormalities, including polycotyledony, "rooty" masses, and increased anthocyanin production. Sixty-nine 'Jewel' and 14 'Bristol' normal embryoids (parallelling


Low interest rate environment encourages borrowing. During inevitable downturns in business cycles, heavy borrowing makes it more vulnerable to financial crisis. Low interest rate environments also favor high fixed cost investments, which have low variable costs and hence, have more significant scale economy than low fixed cost investments. In a large and growing economy, high fixed cost investments earn higher rates of returns than low fixed cost investments. During last several centuries, fueled by the abundant cheap nonrenewable resources, the global economy has been expanding more or less uninterrupted. In such a growth economy, low interest rate policy, which favors high fixed cost investment, has been mostly beneficial to overall economic activities, although it also induces financial crisis from time to time. However, many signs indicate that the upward trend of economic output will end soon. In the new environment, higher and stable interest rates will narrow the gap between cost of borrowing and expected rate of inflation, which will reduce the incentive for speculation. A high interest rate environment will also enhance the competitiveness of small firms as low fixed cost entities. Small firms are more labor intensive and less resource intensive, which is especially helpful in a world with increasing resource scarcity and high unemployment rates.


The gold and silver nanoparticles have the excellent optical, electrical, magnetic and structural properties. The bio-conjugation species produced through combining the gold and silver nanoparticles into the biomolecular surface, due to their size-dependence and dimension being similar to bio macromolecule, are very suitable for acting as a major cycle carrier of the magnetic resonance imaging and the drug release/transport, and a structure skeleton of the tissue culture project. They can also be used in biomolecular identify and label, DNA-sensor and biochip. From the point of biomedicine analysis and the clinical diagnosis, the present paper summarized the application and the development of gold and silver nanoparticles in DNA identify, biosensor, biochip and immunities analysis.


The article discusses the necessity of establishing administrative responsibility of parents and (or) other legal representatives of a minor in the field of information security. Analyzes the basic competency of divisions for minor opportunities the Departments of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation in the sphere of information security of minors.


Title of Thesis: Behavior or "L" Shape Rein Alaedin Majlesi, Master Thesis of Structural Engineering, 1983 Dr. C. T. Thomas Asu, Department of Civil and Invironmental Engineering A total of five tests on biaxially loaded column specimens were conducted to investigate the complete behavior of load-deformation characteristics from zero load until failure. The specimens were tested under horizontal position with 60 ton hydrolic jack. Pin end was used for both ends to obtain higher accuracy of plotting curves. Two specimens were tested with dial gages to obtain load-deflection curves and the other three specimens were tested with demec and strain gages to obtain load strain and moment-curvature curves. The strain gages were measured by weston bridge and deme-gages were measured by mechanical dial gage. The above moment-curvature curves can be incorporated in several special purpose computer programs, which calculate the moment rotation and the load-deflection relationships for L-Shaped reinforced concrete columns under combined biaxial bending and axial compression. Calculated results were compared with the theoretical results from computer program and satisfactory agreement was obtained.


This chapter examines the origins of the god Amun, of his name, his ram-headed form, and their connections to Nubia, which seem to have been overestimated. Amun appears to be the major deity worshipped in Nubia after the Egyptian conquest of the New Kingdom. Considered to be a national and universal god, he became the protector of Kushite kingship, spread through the religious conversion of the Kushite elite to Egyptian religious beliefs. Amun is a solarized deity figured as a man (occasionally ithyphallic) with a two-feather headdress primarily as the god of Karnak, and as a ram-headed deity as that of Jebel Barkal. He may also appear as a bull, a goose, and more questionably as a crocodile or a cobra. His main sacred cities were Napata, Pnubs, Kawa, Sanam, and Tara. He is occasionally accompanied by Mut, Khonsu, Satis, and Anukis.


The paper aims to understand residents' perceptions and opinions of tourism impacts and to determine whether there is a relationship between tourism impacts and support/participation in tourism in a developing region: The Aurès. A total of 360 questionnaires were collected from the inhabitants of 4 villages, selected according to their tourist frequentation. 50 items concerning demographic characteristics, tourism impacts and tourist support/involvement were used. The results indicate that the inhabitants generally have positive perceptions and opinions towards tourism development. Motivated by the economic factor and concerned about privacy issues, residents of villages with tourist traffic are more supportive of tourism development than others. From the perspective of the tourism development that the city government has initiated, these results provide useful information for the planning and management of future tourism projects.


Until recently, bats of the genus Kerivoula in Southeast Asia were relatively poorly known, with most species recorded from relatively few specimens (Corbet and Hill, 1992). However, recent use of harp traps (Francis, 1989) has shown that many species of Kerivoula are, in fact, relatively common in the forest understorey in Southeast Asia (Francis, 1990; Francis et al., 1999; Kingston et al., 1999; Kingston et al., 2003). Their rarity in previous collections was likely due to a combination of the difficulty of capturing them in mist nets owing to their small size, manoeuvrability and echolocation signal design, as well as their tendency to roost alone or in small groups in trees, making them hard to find at roost. With greatly increased capture rates, it is perhaps not surprising that new discoveries are also being made throughout Southeast Asia. These include a new species from Myanmar, Kerivoula kachinensis (Bates et al., 2004), as well as the recognition of K. lenis Thomas 1916 as a species distinct from, but frequently sympatric with, K. papillosa Temminck 1840 (Vanitharani et al., 2003). During field work at Kuala Lompat in the Krau Wildlife Reserve, peninsular Malaysia, one of us (CMF) captured a distinctive coloured Kerivoula in October 1991. This specimen was submitted to John Edwards Hill, at the British Museum (Natural Acta Chiropterologica, 9(1): 1–12, 2007 PL ISSN 1508-1109 © Museum and Institute of Zoology PAS


3 pls. Scale 1:100,000. Pl. 1, bedrock geology and database map; pl. 2, bedrock topography map; pl 3, depth to bedrock.


The article is devoted to the methods of work with texts of oral history in total and has theoretic-methodological character. The author critically assesses spread in today historical science methods of work with the texts of oral history. The article concerns cultural contexts, in which memory and oblivion work carries on, as well as difficulties of intertwinement of individual and social memories. It considers oral history through the prism of narrative; the author compares different types of narrative analyses as well as while using the concept of a person's life story tries to analyse the possibilities of applying psychological methods and techniques in the oral history. the author considers that only at such method a researcher receives possibilities to approach a responder's personality with a toolkit of criticism though keeping the position of respect and trust, and a narrator stops being just an illustrator of these or those processes, opinions, ideologies, and becomes a true hero and an actor of his own history.


We analyzed the characteristics of planetary albedo of visible channels and infrared channel brightness temperature data from FY serials meteorological satellites at the source of the three rivers.This study considered the effects of clouds,aerosols,vapor,and altitude on radiation transfer processes and established a horizontal direct radiation,scattering radiation and total radiation calculation model.Based on the Debieu model,we considered the effects of elevation,aerosol,water vapor and other factors on the clear day surface solar total radiation at the source of the three rivers,and compared these with actual measured values from ground radiation stations.We found that the change in actual measured values and simulative remote sensing values was consistent;the correlation coefficient was higher than 0.90.Daily mean variance was 10%.Differences between the actual measured value and simulative remote sensing value were within 5% and the absolute difference was within 2 MJ/m2 on an overcast day.The total solar radiation of hours showed a parabolic curve on time scales.The total solar radiation of hours reached the maximum in 13h and the minimum in 19h.Daily solar radiation variation showed that the daily maximum solar radiation value was 42.50MJ/m2,and the daily minimum was 1.38MJ/m2.The total solar radiation of hours is zero in 20h.Solar radiation was in the range of(500~800)MJ/m2 and the largest solar radiation value was for June.The spatial distribution of the surface solar total radiation ecreased from east to west.Distribution of maximum solar total radiation is in the Kekexili area,and the minimum solar total radiation is in southeast part of our study area.Because of the richest areas of solar energy,easier transport,a complete photovoltaic industry chain,utilization of solar energy market and national policy,there remains great potential for the development and utilization or solar energy in the three rivers source area.Studies such as ours can drive the expanded use of clean energy.


Abstract : Contents: Facial Recognition Using Image and Transform Representations; Particulate Sorting Using Matched Filters; Recovery of Particulate Size Distributions by Inversion of the Optical Transform Pattern; Beam Splitter Cube for White-Light Interferometry; Backscatter from a Tilted Rough Disc; and Image Deblurring for Multiple-Point Impulse Responses.


Abstract : At the request of the 58th Medical Group Bioenvironmental Engineer, Armstrong Laboratory personnel performed a laser range evaluation at the Luke Air Force Base Range. The lasers to be used, the various targets as well as the ranges, and finally the missions to be flown were all reviewed in order to assess the laser hazard and establish the Laser Surface Danger Zones (LSDZs). Appropriate recommendations were made for both manned and unmanned ranges. Laser range procedures were detailed as well as required medical surveillance requirements for range personnel and aircrews.


This exploratory research investigated sex differences in information processing and in psychological orientations when consumers perform goal-oriented search tasks on the Internet. Grounded in cognitive psychology, two theories of differential processing between the sexes--the Selectivity Model and item-specific/relational processing--were compared using concurrent verbal protocols (Ericsson & Simon, 1993; Wright, 1980). The Selectivity Model (Meyers-Levy, 1989) predicts differences in information processing related to comprehension effort while the Itemspecific/Relational Theory (Putrevu, 2001) predicts differences in processing style but not in effort. One hundred and nine subjects performed one of two directed search tasks in a laboratory setting. Women put forth more comprehension effort than men, and showed a greater usage of a relational processing style than men. However, men failed to verbalize more item-specific thoughts than women in processing the product information available on the site. Overall, results support the Selectivity Model Meyers-Levy, 1989), whereby women are comprehensive processors and men selective ones. The item-specific/relational processing model receives limited support. The communal orientation of women was also partially supported in that


Proposed Mulitomics Analysis Pipeline. The scikit-bio™ package provides a scalable and standardized framework for processing diverse high-throughput omics data types. This framework includes data objects for managing spare feature tables, sample and feature metadata to facilitate advanced statistical modeling


Chemistry is not taught simply by providing an understanding of meaning, facts, concepts, principles, but also an invention through a process of discovery with real action. This study aims to determine the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model assisted by the Lectora Inspire media, the Guided Inquiry (GI) learning model assisted by Lectora Inspire media, and students 'attitudes toward students' cognitive values on colloid system material. This research is a quasi-experimental study with a 2x2 factorial design. Data analysis techniques were two-way variant analysis (Anava) with a significance level of 0.05. The results showed that there were no significant factors using the PBL assisted by the Lectora Inspire media with the GI assisted by Lectora Inspire media on colloid system material with a significance of 0.135, high and low areas of expertise from other students with a significance of 0.000 , and the second model of learning does not show interaction with attitude categories in influencing students' cognitive value with a significance of 0.603. So it can be concluded that both learning models and attitudes achieve cognitive values of students but do not interact with each other. Keywords— problem based learning, guided inquiry, scientific attitudes, and cognitive values


Augmented reality(AR) service as one of the representative technologies in the era of the 4th industrial revolution has gotten people's increasing attention. At this time, this study aimed to examine the determinants affecting service satisfaction of the AR-based camera application service by focusing on Naver's <Snow> service. Several factors that might have influences on satisfaction of the AR-based camera application service were conceived based on the previous literature. And it was tested whether they had influences on satisfaction of the AR-based camera application service or not empirically. The responses of a sample of 312 people who had experienced using Naver's <Snow> service were collected by means of an online survey and they were analyzed employing a hierarchical regression analysis. The results of this research indicated that gender as one of demographic variable, perceived interactivity, aesthetic value, trend following motivation as an extrinsic motivation and playfulness as an intrinsic motivation have significant influences on the service satisfaction of the AR-based camera application service. The results in this study have meanings since they can be used as references for AR service providers to develop more satisfactory AR services. ■ keyword :∣AR∣Service Satisfaction∣Camera Application∣Naver∣Snow Service∣ * 이 논문은 2019-2020학년도에 청주대학교 사회과학연구소가 지원한 학술연구조성비(특별연구과제)에 의해 연구되었음. 접수일자 : 2020년 05월 19일 수정일자 : 2020년 06월 26일 심사완료일 : 2020년 06월 29일 교신저자 : 이성준, e-mail : email@example.com 한국콘텐츠학회논문지 '20 Vol. 20 No. 7 418


Localization to the ground state of axial motion is demonstrated for a single, trapped atom strongly coupled to the field of a high-finesse optical resonator. Applications in Quantum Optics and Information Science will be discussed.


The paper provides the statistical data analysis about the alcoholism in Kazakhstan (in comparison with different years, with consideration of differences in the age, gender, geographic location) and also the dynamics of morbidity rate. Statistical data show that the problem of alcoholic dependence in Kazakhstan is rather actual, despite a tendency to steady decrease in the last decade in comparison with prompt growth in the nineties last century. It is worth paying attention to incidence peaks owing to the use of psychoactive agents during certain age periods to hold address preventive events in groups of risk.


Numerical analysis of PSC box bridge bearings for high speed KTX train vehicles has been carried out as a virtual simulation for Ubiquitous Technology. Improved numerical models of bridge, vehicle and interaction between bridge and train are considered, where bending and torsional modes are provided, whereas the exist UIC code is applied by the simplified HL loading. Dynamic and static analysed results are compared to get Dynamic Amplification Factors (D. A. F.) for maximum deflections and bending stresses up to running speed of 500 km/h. Equation from the regression analysis for the D. A. F. is presented. Sliding distance of the bearings for various KTX running speeds is compared with maximum and accumulated distances by the dynamic behaviors of PSC box bridge. Dynamic and static simulated sliding distances of the bearings according to the KTX running speed are proved as a major parameter in spite of the specifications of AASHTO and EN1337-2 focused on the distance by temperature variations.


Today's companies face an incredible array of intellectual property issues, particularly when conducting business online. Forrester Research expects U.S. e-commerce retail sales to grow by over 10% per year and reach $278.9 billion in 2015. As e-commerce business increases and utilizes new technologies, e-commerce companies are likely to see a surge in IP issues and litigation. This Article discusses several of the more significant IP issues that an e-commerce company is likely to encounter and provides several strategies for dealing with such issues.


Recently, along with change of global environment, commodity trade is getting weakened, and service trade is also facing continuous loss. As...


Objective: To find the frequency and association of depression and suicidal ideation in young adults.Study design: A descriptive cross-sectional study.Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in different areas of Pakistan, including Lahore andKarachi with the main population participating from the Islamabad and Rawalpindi region from May 2016 toAugust 2016.Materials and Methods: Printed and online versions of the questionnaire were filled by conveniently availableyoung adults in different cities of Pakistan between the ages of 15-25 years. Questionnaires were designed inthree parts: Part 1 comprised demographics. Part 2 was the Goldberg Depression Questionnaire which is usedfor depression screening, while Part 3 was the SBQ-R® used to identify individuals having suicide ideation andthose at risk of carrying out a suicide attempt.Results: A high proportion of individuals were in the range of mild-moderate depression, 87 (43.7%), while ahigh proportion of individuals, 139 (69.8%), possessed a suicide score range of 3-6, which corresponds to a verylow suicide attempt risk. The highest suicide score was between 16-18 and was possessed by only 2 (1%)individuals, while the highest depression score, which was any value above 54, was possessed by 45 (22.6%)individuals. Also, with increasing suicide score, the frequency seemed to decrease; 32 (16.1%) for a score rangeof 7-9, 15 (7.5%) for 10-12 score range and 11 (5.5%) for a score range of 13-15. However, the correlationcoefficient between the two had a value of +0.5, so there was a marked positive correlation.Conclusion: The frequency of depression in young adults was considerably high since many of the participantswere exposed to mild, moderate as well as severe depression. Also, there was a positive correlation betweendepression and suicide scores which predicted that depression can be a cause of suicide ideation and attempts.As the depression levels increased, the frequency of suicide tendencies was also salient.
How to cite this: Anwar P, Salman R, Zahra M, Tufail R, Sohail RS, Arshad L. Frequency of Depression and Suicidal Thoughts in Young Adults of Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study. Life and Science. 2022; 3(4): 168-173. doi: http://doi.org/10.37185/LnS.1.1.233


A transformation system is described for the edible mushrooms Pleurotus ostreatus and Volvariella volvacea . The system developed is based on a positive selection strategy using the trp3 iar gene from Coprinus cinereus , which confers resistance to the antimetabolite 5-fluoroindole. Transformation frequencies were low in both species. Southern blot analysis confirmed the integration of transforming DNA into the genome of transformants and indicated the presence of tandemly duplicated copies of the plasmid in some of these transformants. The system has potential for introducing beneficial traits such as enhanced substrate bioconversion and faster sporophore development.


The generating functional method is used here to investigate the t-J model of magnetism, similar to as was done for the two other fundamental models of magnetism-the Heisenberg model and the s-d exchange model-that have been studied in our previous papers. The electron and spin Green's functions are expressed through variational derivatives with respect to fluctuating external fields included into the generating functional-the generalized partition function of the system. For Fermi and Bose quasi-particles, exact equations are derived in terms of variational derivatives with respect to fields; these equations yield a suitable base for iterations. The iteration expansions correspond to the diagrammatic technique for X operators, which was investigated by one of us earlier, when dealing with the t-J model. A multiplicative structure of the electron and magnon Green's functions is established. The spin-wave spectrum for the ferromagnetic ground states is calculated.


THE FESTIVAL OF THE NYISHI TRIBE OF ARUNACHAL PRADESH. SON FLANKED BY HIS AUNTIES AT YAZALI TOWN IN ARUNACHAL PRADESH ABOUT 130KM FROM CAPITAL CITY ITANAGAR.


Internet has opened a new era for the socialization process of youth, and provided a new broad space for youngsters' life. But some limitations of Internet and its side effects should be recognized when we admit that it has removed some traditional socialization models and brought forth much positive effects. Any emphasis on this problem and discussion could strengthen the sound development of youth's socialization process.


Objective To assess a broad range of determinants of health to determine which are most strongly associated with health-related quality of life (HRQL) in people with type 2 diabetes. Methods This study used respondents from Canadian Community Health Survey Cycle 1.1 who were over the age of 18 and were identified as having type 2 diabetes. Regression analyses were used to assess the relationships between the Health Utilities Index Mark 3 (HUI3) and determinants of health, including sociodemographics, comorbidities, health behaviors, physical and social environmental factors, and indicators of access to healthcare.


The methods of linear response theory are used to determine the power spectra of the electric-field and vibrational-amplitude fluctuations associated with the polaritons which exist at the plane surface between two isotropic dielectric media. A general form of the cross section for inelastic scattering of light in reflection at such a surface is derived and applied to the scattering by surface polaritons. The special case of a crystal which possesses a single lattice resonance is considered and numerical estimates for GaP are obtained.


Memes and the process of imitating and replicating are both necessary in the transmitting of memes.Language learning is a process of replicating and transmitting of memes.In language teaching,it is both necessary to stress imitating and replicating and to guide student to absorb the language memes in the input.Learners can benefit from the activities of cloze,reproduction,discussion and structured writing,etc.designed after reading them by replicating and transmitting the language in the text to exercise speaking and writing,thus consolidate the knowledge learnt from the text and improve English language proficiency.


A novel multi-component synthesis of dithiocarbonates (xanthates) in a single pot has been accomplished under very mild conditions. The S-alkyl part in the products contains a functional group. An alcohol and an activated vinyl compound that is capable of acting as Michael acceptor are mixed together in carbon disulfide in the presence of a tertiary amine at room temperature when the title compound is formed. The method is very much successful with primary and secondary alcohols in the presence of 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO) as catalyst. The yields are excellent. The Morita-BaylisHillman reaction derived allylic alcohols however behave a little differently, and the method has been utilized to prepare trisubstituted alkenes possessing thioether moiety and some biologically important thiochromenes.


The relevance of the article is due to the consideration of current trends in the development of Ukrainian road-building terminology (URBT), in particular in the context of structural organization. The purpose of the investigation is analyzing road-building terms formed by compounding words or stems. Since URBT is part of the lexical composition of the Ukrainian language, it is quite reasonable to analyze the formation of terms as lexical units. We have classified single-word terms into simple and complex ones by identifying the word-forming stems. The concept "simple" denotes terms with a single stem. The notion "complex" concerns composite terms, which are formed by combining stems using interfixes and in some cases suffixes, and juxtaposite terms, which express one concept but are formed by combining several words into a complex one. According to the lexical and grammatical characteristics of word-forming stems and word-forming means, the methods of word-formation are divided into several types, among which we have chosen one of the most common — the morphological one. At the present stage of the development of RBT, the methods of juxtaposition and composition play an extremely important role, providing the formation of terms satisfactory in their parameters. The actualization of these methods is conditioned by the fact that striving for completeness of a certain scientific concept can be sufficiently supported by multi-stem or multi-word nominates represented as one word. The carried out analysis of composite terms of the RB industry has shown that two-stem complex formations predominate among them, but terms with several stems are also present.


This exercise introduces students to the application of statistics and its investigative methods in political science. It helps students gain a better understanding and a greater appreciation of statistics through a real world application.


o As wire delay increasingly becomes a signicant performance bottleneck in monolithic architectures, there is a strong motivation to move to Datao w Architectures. In this pa- per, we propose a set of placement algorithms for generic datao w architectures. Our timing-driven and prole-dri ven placement al- gorithms respectively are targeting streaming and non-streaming applications. Compared to the conventional wirelength-driven algorithm, our timing-driven placer reduces the longest path delay by 23% and maximum slack by 26% at the cost of 10% increase in wirelength for streaming applications. In addition, our prole-dri ven placer reduces the total execution time of non-streaming applications by 17%. Lastly, our simultaneous timing/prole-dri ven placer reduces the total execution time of non-streaming applications by 13% on average.


Abstract : The goal of this effort was to review available information regarding human health toxicology, ecotoxicology, and environmental fate and transport data for the component materials and reaction products from seven candidate smokes for replacement of the M83 grenade. A literature search and data survey were performed to initially assess candidate materials. Potential human health risks were estimated, including reported toxicity effects of oral, inhalation, dermal, and ocular exposures; developmental or reproductive effects such as the potential for mutagenesis and carcinogenesis; and mode(s) and mechanisms of toxicity. Estimated potential ecotoxicological risks included effects caused by exposures of aquatic and terrestrial species of different trophic levels to component compounds and reaction products. The primary component compounds of concern to human health were hexachloroethane and the aluminum/magnesium alloy. The primary reaction product of concern for human health risk was inhalation of titanium tetrachloride. The greatest risk to ecological receptors and environmental habitats was from excessive levels of soluble aluminum salts under acidic poorly buffered conditions in soil and water (pH 4.9) and hydrochloric acid. Study results provide information that serves the decision-making process toward selection of a less-toxic obscurant and should not be considered a definitive analysis of candidate smoke toxicity.


Since it is manifestly impossible to cover the entire field of nucleic acid metabolism in one article, I have restricted this review to recent work on enzymes which have to do with macromolecular nucleic acids. Sections are included on the synthetic enzymes DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase and on enzymes which alter the nucleic acids in their macromolecular state, namely, the DNA and RNA methylases. The concluding section deals with degradative enzymes, chiefly RNase, DNase, and polynucleotide phosphoryl ase, but in a much more cursory manner. The review is based on an exten sive, but certainly not complete, coverage of the recent literature. References 1 through 10 are reviews, books, special collections of articles, and critical papers which deal with various aspects of the subject matter of this review.


Background The treatment for acromioclavicular joint injury are debatable, there are fixation options include tension band wiring, AC joint reconstruction and hook plate These fixations are capable of providing a stable fixation, but controversy still exists that mentions the superiority of each of these fixations
Purpose To compare biomechanical stability of 3 fixation include tension band wiring, double endo button, and hook plate to provide a scientific basis of the fixation.
Methods This research is an experimental in vitro. Using 27 acromioclavicular joints cadaver divided into three groups that performed tension band wiring fixation, double endo button and hook plate. Each fixation evaluated with 10, 20, 50 and 100 times repetitions with 100N traction force.
Results Tension band wiring gives the smallest displacement. In 10 times repetition average displacement of tension band wiring 0.056 mm (p = 0.000) compared to double endo button 1.622 mm and hook plate 0.867 mm. In 20 times repetitions, tension band wiring 0.1667 mm (p = 0,000) compared to double endo button 3.1778 mm and hook plate 1.1111 mm. In 50 times repetition, tension band wiring 0.3111 mm (p = 0.000) with double endo button 4.7778 mm and hook plate 1.3556 mm. In 100 times repetitions, tension band wire 0.556 mm (p = 0.000) while double endo button 5.4444 mm and hook plate 1.4556 mm.
Conclusion Tension band wiring have a good stability compared to double endo button and hook plate. But all of fixation provide stability for acriomioclavicular joint motion.


Many works in the literature have used machine learning techniques to solve their classification problems in different knowledge areas, e.g., medicine, agriculture, and remote sensing. Since there is no a single machine learning technique that achieves the best results for all kind of applications, a good alternative is the fusion of classification techniques, also known as multiple classifier systems (MCS). A common challenge in MCS is the selection of a few classifiers among many classifiers that are available in the literature; using all possible classifiers is not a feasible alternative. The choice of the classifiers becomes an essential factor, i.e., we need an ensemble selection approach. In this work, we propose a novel graph-based approach for static ensemble selection (GASES) to find or choose the best classifier set for remote sensing image classification. Experiments demonstrate that GASES improves performance by up to 70% over different baseline approaches when fusing classifiers. It decreases the number of classifiers used while retaining the effectiveness of using all of the classifiers. Furthermore, our proposed method is a more straightforward and intuitive technique for static ensemble selection scheme than other baseline approaches such as Consensus and Kendall.


A simple algorithm has been developed to detect the onset of coronal mass ejections (CMEs), together with speed estimates, in near‐real time using linearly polarized white‐light solar coronal images from the Mauna Loa Solar Observatory K‐Cor telescope. Ground observations in the low corona can warn of CMEs well before they appear in space coronagraphs. The algorithm used is a variation on the Solar Eruptive Event Detection System developed at George Mason University. It was tested against K‐Cor data taken between 29 April 2014 and 20 February 2017, on days identified as containing CMEs. This resulted in testing of 139 days' worth of data containing 171 CMEs. The detection rate varied from close to 80% when solar activity was high down to as low as 20–30% when activity was low. The difference in effectiveness with solar cycle is attributed to the relative prevalence of strong CMEs between active and quiet periods. There were also 12 false detections, leading to an average false detection rate of 8.6%. The K‐Cor data were also compared with major solar energetic particle (SEP) storms during this time period. There were three SEP events detected either at Earth or at one of the two STEREO spacecraft when K‐Cor was observing during the relevant time period. The algorithm successfully generated alerts for two of these events, with lead times of 1–3 h before the SEP onset at 1 AU. The third event was not detected by the automatic algorithm because of the unusually broad width in position angle.


Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are a group of idiopathic, chronic immune-mediated diseases characterized by an aberrant immune response, including imbalances of inflammatory cytokine production and activated innate and adaptive immunity. Selective blockade of leukocyte migration into the gut is a promising strategy for the treatment of IBD. This study explored the effect of the immunomodulating tellurium compound, ammonium trichloro (dioxoethyleneo,o') tellurate (AS101) on DSS-induced murine colitis. Both oral and i.p. administration of AS101 significantly reduced clinical manifestations of IBD. Colonic inflammatory cytokine levels (IL-17, IL-1β) were significantly downregulated by AS101 treatment, whereas IFN-γ was not affected. Neutrophil and α4β7 + macrophage migration into the tissue was inhibited by AS101 treatment. Adhesion of Mesenteric Lymph Node (MLN) cells to mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule (MAdCAM-1), the ligand for α4β7 integrin, was blocked by AS101 treatment both in vitro and in vivo. DSS-induced destruction of colonic epithelial barrier/integrity was prevented by AS101, via upregulation of colonic Glial-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (GDNF), which was found previously to regulate the intestinal epithelial barrier through activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway. Indeed, the upregulation of GDNF by AS101 was associated with increased levels of colonic pAKT and BCL-2, and decreased levels of BAX. Furthermore, AS101 treatment reduced colonic permeability to Evans Blue, and decreased colonic TUNEL + cells. Our data revealed multifunctional activities of AS101 in the DSSinduced colitis model via anti inflammatory and anti apoptotic properties. We suggest that treatment with the small, non toxic molecule, AS101, may be an effective early therapeutic approach for controlling human IBD. Introduction Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are the two major forms of chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Studies in humans and in experimental models of IBD have revealed impaired mucosal barrier function, activated innate immunity, altered production of Th1 and Th2 http://www.jbc.org/cgi/doi/10.1074/jbc.M113.536664 The latest version is at JBC Papers in Press. Published on April 24, 2014 as Manuscript M113.536664 Copyright 2014 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc. by gest on M arch 4, 2020 hp://w w w .jb.org/ D ow nladed from The immunomodulator AS101 abrogates DSS-induced Colitis 2 cytokines, and the activation of CD4 + T cells in the pathogenesis of IBD (1-3). T regulatory cells play an essential role in the maintenance of intestinal immune homeostasis and were also shown to be capable of preventing and reversing established colitis (4). The etiologies of these diseases remain unclear. The most widely held hypothesis regarding the pathogenesis of IBD is that aberrant activation or defective downregulation of innate immunity, and overly aggressive acquired (T cell) immune responses to a subset of commensal enteric bacteria develop in genetically susceptible hosts, and environmental factors precipitate the onset or reactivation of disease (1,2,5). Cytokines provide key signals in the intestinal immune system, and were shown to have a central role in the pathophysiology of IBD (6). It is evident now that both innate cell populations (e.g. γδ T cells, LTi-like cells, and monocytes/macrophages) and adaptive T cells (Th17 cells) can produce IL-17, which has a crucial role in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases (7-10). IL-17 was found to be elevated in peripheral blood and intestinal tissue of IBD patients (11,12). In addition to IL-17, IL-1 is important in the pathogenesis of IBD due to its pro-inflammatory activities. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from patients with CD were shown to produce high levels of IL-1 in vitro compared with normal control cells (13), and enhanced secretion of IL-1β was shown in colonic biopsies from patients with inflammatory bowel disease (12,14). Based on these findings, several cytokine-based therapies have been developed and tested for the treatment of IBD patients (6,15). Macrophages have been implicated in the pathogenesis of a variety of chronic and autoimmune diseases including IBD. The classically activated macrophages are key producers of many cytokines (e.g. IL-1, IL-6 and TNFα) and reactive metabolites of oxygen and nitrogen (e.g. nitric oxide) that have been implicated in the development of IBD (16,17). Feeding mice with polymeric Dextran Sodium Sulfate (DSS) in their drinking water induces acute or chronic colitis characterized by bloody diarrhea, ulceration, loss of body weight, and infiltration with granulocytes or mononuclear cells, reflecting IBD symptoms (18). This widely used murine colitis model is helpful for studying the effect of novel therapeutic agents for the management of IBD (19). Integrins are transmembrane cell adhesion receptors composed of noncovalently associated α and β subunits that bind to cell-surface ligands, soluble ligands and extracellular matrix proteins (20). These adhesive interactions are essential for leukocyte recirculation, migration into inflammatory sites, recognition of foreign antigens, and survival and proliferation (21-23). Circulating T cells that bear α4β7 integrins bind to Mucosal Addressin Cell Adhesion Molecule (MAdCAM), which is constitutively expressed on high endothelial venules of Peyer's patches (PP) and Mesenteric Lymph Nodes (MLN), as well as on postcapillary venules of gut lamina propia (LP) (2,24). MAdCAM-1 expression is upregulated on inflamed venules in chronic inflammatory diseases such as in IBD, diabetes, chronic relapsing experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis etc. Of note, α4β7 integrin is also expressed on stimulated monocytes and macrophages (25). Monoclonal antibody to integrin-α4 (natalizumab), which binds both integrin-α4β7 (the MAdCAM-1 ligand) and integrin-α4β1 (the Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1(VCAM-1) ligand), is effective in treating Crohn's disease (26), while a humanized anti-integrin-α4β7 antibody has been used to treat active ulcerative colitis (27). The neurotrophin Glial-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (GDNF) has a strong effect on neurite outgrowth and differentiation and is able to protect neurons from apoptosis under various conditions. Interestingly, it has been shown that ablation of enteric glia leads to a fulminant hemorrhagic jejunoileitis in mice (28), suggesting a central role of the enteric glia in the maintenance of gut mucosal integrity. GDNF is upregulated in IBD, and has strong anti-apoptotic properties in colonic epithelial cells via activation of MAPK and PI3K/AKT pathways (29). AS101, is a small non toxic tellurium-IV compound (Fig. 1), currently being evaluated in PhaseII clinical trials in psoriasis patients (unpublished data) and in prevention of bone marrow toxicity induced by chemotherapy in cancer patients (30). This compound is a potent immunomodulator (in-vitro and in-vivo) with a variety of potential therapeutic applications (3133). Accumulated evidence suggests that much of the biological activity of tellurium compounds is by gest on M arch 4, 2020 hp://w w w .jb.org/ D ow nladed from The immunomodulator AS101 abrogates DSS-induced Colitis 3 directly related to their specific chemical interactions with endogenous thiols. If the reacting thiol is a cysteine residue, the reaction product may alter the biological activity of the target protein (34). The Te(IV)-thiol chemical bond may lead to conformational change or disulfide bond formation, possibly resulting in a loss of biological activity, if the thiol residue is essential for a particular function. Indeed, we demonstrated that AS101 specifically inactivates cysteine proteases while exhibiting no effect on the other families of serine-, aspartic-, and metallo-proteases, in good agreement with the predictions of its unique Te (IV)-thiol chemistry. Furthermore, the proteolytic activity of the inactivated cysteine proteases could be recovered by reducing agents such as NaBH4, further supporting the suggestion that the inactivation process involves oxidation of the catalytic thiol to a disulfide (34). In light of its chemical activities, AS101 has been shown to exert anti inflammatory and anti apoptotic effects in different in vivo models (35-38), through inhibition of caspase 1, 3 and 8 activities and by its ability to induce GDNF production (38,39). In the present study, we tested the effect of AS101 on a DSS-induced murine colitis model. Our findings revealed anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic properties of AS101 through the downregulation of colonic inflammatory cytokine levels, prevention of inflammatory cell migration into the tissue, and inhibition of colonic apoptotic


We provide necessary and sufficient conditions for the uniqueness of minimisers of the Ginzburg-Landau functional for $\mathbb{R}^n$-valued maps under a suitable convexity assumption on the potential and for $H^{1/2} \cap L^\infty$ boundary data that is non-negative in a fixed direction $e\in \mathbb{S}^{n-1}$. Furthermore, we show that, when minimisers are not unique, the set of minimisers is generated from any of its elements using appropriate orthogonal transformations of $\mathbb{R}^n$. We also prove corresponding results for harmonic maps


Quasi experimental-pre test post test with control group design to evaluate the effectiveness of music therapy on anxiety and pain among mothers during first stage of labour in selected Hospitals at Kollam; the objectives of the study were to assess the anxiety and pain, to evaluate the effectiveness of music therapy on anxiety and pain, to find the association between anxiety and pain with selected demographic variables. Based on non-probability purposive sampling technique samples are selected with pre-determined criteria. Sample consist of 60 mothers in latent phase of first stage of labour, 30 each in experimental and control group. The tool used was Spielberger's State Trait Anxiety Inventory and Numerical Pain Intensity Scale. Music therapy was given to the experimental group for a period of one hour. The pre test and post test assessment of anxiety and pain was obtained in both the groups. Data analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings of the present study revealed that 't' value computed between paired differences of mean anxiety scores among experimental and control group is statistically significant at 0.05 level of significance (t =5.771, p<0.001) and the 't' value computed between paired differences of mean pain scores among experimental and control group is statistically significant at 0.05 level of significance (t=7.942, p<0.001). The findings of the study showed that there was significant association between anxiety and social support;no significant association between pain and demographic variables like age, education, area of residence, religion, type of family, parity, social support. Hence it can be concluded that music therapy is a cost effective and non-pharmacological method to help the mother to reduce anxiety and pain during the latent phase of first stage of labour.


Acquiring blood donor information is a very time-consuming process and may put the patient's health at risk. Finding blood donor data is essential for receiving the correct type of blood as quickly as possible. This study aims to develop a web application to alleviate the hassles faced by critical patients. We acquire sample data from CRH hospital in Gangtok, Sikkim. We assess data from blood donors using ArcGIS platforms. Further, we generate a region-wise heat map. We include 391 blood donor records of which 165 are A+ Ve, 94 are B+ Ve, 43 are AB+ Ve, 3 are B- Ve, and 86 were O+ Ve. Through the modeled application users can locate blood donor information near them and communicate with the blood donor by direct phone call using the assessed heatmaps. Users can also register themselves by providing information such as their personal information, blood type, etc., which will be displayed on the heatmap for future use. Through the modeled application blood banks in that area can Figure out which locations have a higher volume of a specific blood type that they require, and then set up a camp or encourage volunteers to donate blood to help.


Hannah Arendt focused on the connection and distinction between Labor, Work and Action in "Human Condition". This article is based on the philosophical situation to explore the political situation and the human situation, taking the research of the core theory as the entry point, focusing on Arendt's analysis and views on human characteristics in order to conclude my personal opinion.


Seismic signals are typically compared using travel time difference or $L_2$ difference. We propose the Wasserstein metric as an alternative measure of fidelity or misfit in seismology. It exhibits properties from both of the traditional measures mentioned above. The numerical computation is based on the recent development of fast numerical methods for the Monge-Ampere equation and optimal transport. Applications to waveform inversion and registration are discussed and simple numerical examples are presented.


In this paper, an inkjet-printed paper-based capacitive touchpad is proposed. This touchpad detects finger contact by sensing the change in effective capacitance caused by the skin electrical impedance. A low-cost flexible disposable touchpad with nine capacitive buttons is fabricated, using paper as a substrate. The use of home inkjet printing technology with silver nanoparticle ink makes the fabrication process simple, fast, cheap, and environmentally friendly. The performance of the proposed touchpad is measured with a microcontroller, and tests are conducted for both the cases of finger and touch pen operation. The measured capacitance of the non-touched state is 228-236 pF, whereas the measured capacitance of the touched state is 340-564 pF. The differences in the capacitance of each state are sufficiently large to indicate that a finger has made contact with the touchpad. The sensitivity of the proposed sensor is evaluated, and the parameters of the proposed sensor are compared with those of other paper-based touch pads.


The control of melanogenesis is an important strategy in the treatment of abnormal skin pigmentation for cosmetic purposes. The aim of the current study is to investigate the anti-oxidative and anti-melanogenesis effect of Smiax china (S. china). S. china extracted with 70% ethanol was tested for safety by cell viability assay and closed patch test, anti-oxidative effect by measurement of DPPH and SO scavenging and anti-melanogenesis effect by the abilities to inhibit tyrosinase activity and DOPA oxidation in the cell-free mushroom tyrosinase assay and to inhibit melanin synthesis in B16F10 murine melanoma cells and morphological change observation. In result, S. china ethanolic extract showed high cell viability and no skin disorder such as swelling, erythema and allergy, and had about 70% scavenging effect of DPPH and SO in concentration of 75μL/mL. S. china ethanolic extract showed high cell viability and no skin disorder such as swelling, erythema and allergy, and had 83.14% and 68.40% scavenging effect of DPPH and SO in concentration of 75μL/mL. The good inhibitory effect were observed not only on mushroom tyrosinase activity and DOPA oxidation, but also on melanin production, B16F10 cell growth and dentrites developemnt in concentration 75 μL/mL. In conclusion, S. china inhibited melanogenesis by inhibition of tyrosinase activity, DOPA oxjdation and melanin production,, and may be useful for a skin-whitening natural material in cosmetics industry.


"The whole of the advantages and disadvantages of the different employments of labor and stock must, in the same neighborhood, be either perfectly equal or continually tending to equality. If in the same neighborhood, there was any employment evidently either more or less advantageous than the rest, so many people would crowd into it in the one case, and so many would desert it in the other, that its advantages would soon return to the level of other employments. This at least would be the case in a society where things were left to follow their natural course, where there was perfect liberty and where every man was perfectly free. . ." [17, p. 99]


Within the last two years the attention of the medical profession has been strongly directed to the prevention of poliomyelitis, first, because of its increasing prevalence in epidemic form and the serious nature of its after-effects; and, secondly, because it has been shown to be an infectious disease due to a filterable virus, probably a specific microorganism, from which the inference has been very naturally drawn that it is necessarily preventable. As regards its prevalence, there can be no doubt that it has very greatly increased in recent years, especially in the United States. During the year 1909 not less than 2,500 cases were reported as occurring in epidemics in the United States. During that year 539 deaths, indicating probably not less than 5,000 cases, were reported from the registration area comprising 55 per cent. of the population of the United States.


A thermal insulation material includes a porous sintered body which is formed of MgAl In the thermal insulation material pores% take with a pore diameter of 0.8 microns or more and less than 10 micrometers 30 vol.% Or more and less than 90 vol. Of the total pore volume a, pores having a pore diameter of 0.01 microns or more and less than 0.8 microns take 10 vol.% or more and less than 60 vol.% of the total pore volume, a, the thermal conductivity at 20 ° C or higher and 1500 ° C or lower is 0.45 W / (m · K) or the compressive strength is less and 2 MPa or more.


ABSTRACT Al–5.5Mg–1.5Li–0.5Zn–0.07Sc–0.07Zr alloy was produced by gravity casting and heat treatment processing. After gravity casting based on the melting processing scheme designed specifically for the studied alloy, there was no obvious porosity and slag. In as-cast alloy, there were many network-shaped second phase particles enriched along the grain boundaries, most of which integrated into the α-Al matrix after solution heat treated at 500°C for 10 h. The grain growth was inconspicuous, which means low grain boundary stress concentration resulted by planar slip. To meet the requirement for industrial actuality, avoid the excessively detrimental effect of PFZs and utilize the order hardening effect of δ′ (Al3Li) phases sufficiently, 175°C/8 h was preferred as the aging regime. Optimal comprehensive mechanical properties were obtained after solid solution heat treated process (500°C/10 h) and subsequent aging treatment (175°C/8 h) with elongation, yield strength, and ultimate tensile strength reaching 8.7%, 270.5 MPa, and 435.5 MPa, respectively.


In this paper, we consider a fundamental class of stochastic differential equations with time delays. Our aim is to investigate the weak convergence with respect to delay parameter of the solutions. Based on the techniques of Malliavin calculus, we obtain an explicit estimate for the rate of convergence. An application to the Carathéodory approximation scheme of stochastic differential equations is provided as well.


A tidal energy power generation device comprises a fixed frame, hydraulic water pumping devices and a reservoir. The tidal energy power generation device is characterized in that the fixed frame is in axial connection with a connecting rod which is in axial connection with a drum shaft; the position of the drum shaft, which is located on the inner side of the connecting rod, is provided with a drum which is provided with blades; the position of the drum shaft, which is located on the outer side of the connecting rod, is provided with a fixed block; the position of the fixed block, which is eccentric with the drum shaft, is provided with a second shaft; the upper ends of the hydraulic water pumping devices are in axial connection with the fixed frame; the lower ends of the hydraulic water pumping devices are in axial connection with the second shaft; the hydraulic water pumping devices are arranged between the lower end of the connecting rod and the fixed frame; hydraulic cylinders of the hydraulic water pumping devices are at least provided with first water suction pipes and second water suction pipes; water suction openings of the first water suction pipes and the second water suction pipes are formed in the sea water; water outlet pipes are connected above check valves of the first water suction pipes and check valves of the second water suction pipes; the water outlet pipes are communicated with the reservoir. According to the integral tidal energy power generation device, the huge energy of the tidal energy is fully utilized and accordingly the sea water can be ascended and stored in the reservoir effectively so as to take effect on hydroelectric power generation.


OVERVIEW: Supercritical water is a great medium in which to perform chemical reactions and to develop processes. Due to its unique thermo-physico-chemical properties, supercritical water is able to play the role of solvent of organic compounds and/or to react with them. These specific properties have been used since the 1990s to develop new technologies dedicated to the environment and energy.

IMPACT: Supercritical water based technologies are innovative and efficient processes having a strong impact on society, the environment and the economy, and is termed a sustainable technology.

APPLICATIONS: Three main applications for supercritical water technology are under development: (i) supercritical water oxidation (SCWO); (ii) supercritical water biomass gasification (SCBG); and (iii) hydrolysis of polymers in supercritical water (HPSCW) for composites/plastics recycling. In this paper some fundamentals of supercritical water are first presented to introduce the above three major developments. Then these technologies are reviewed in terms of their present and future industrial development and their impact on the environment and on energy production. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry


Economic discourse has always used different visual modes of shaping perception. For example, characteristic classical image in economic discourse is the "invisible hand". In doing so, economic discourse reaches for, concerning of its metaphors, for resources in physics, but also in literature. If big part of the visual figures of economic discourse (equilibrium, e.g.) was borrowed from physics in the twentieth century, mathematics is a significant, even dominant source of the formation of visual perception, based on different schemes, graphs and geometric figures. In this paper, we show the configuration dynamics of visual perceptions in economic discourse, starting from the fact that visualization of economic discourse has the following functions: a) demonstration of certain knowledge, b) the realization of a performative visual effect, that is the creation of certain forms of visibility, c) persuasion of the public regarding the fact that economic discourse has cognitive authority.