e15046 Background: Randomised studies have defined adjuvant chemotherapy as standard treatment for stage III colon cancer (SIIICC), with multiple options available. For stage II (SII) disease, the selection of patients for adjuvant treatment remains controversial. There remains limited data on clinician decision making regarding adjuvant chemotherapy in routine clinical practice.

METHODS
A review of patients treated with SII & IIICC at 4 hospitals, utilising data from BioGrid Australia, where clinician choice and rationale were prospectively documented.

RESULTS
372 patients (37%) with SII and 307 (30%) with SIIICC were identified from 1015 CC patients treated from January 2003 till November 2008. Median age was 68 years, 51% were male; 49% female. 66 (25%) of patients with SIIICC were not offered chemotherapy, predominantly due to advanced age or co-morbidity. Since oxaliplatin and capecitabine became widely available in 2005, 66% of treated patients have received oxaliplatin based therapy, 15% bolus 5-FU alone and 19% capecitabine. For SII disease, overall 81 (26%) pts received adjuvant chemotherapy. Age was the dominant influence on treatment choice with 41% aged 70 (p<0.001) receiving treatment. Patients with high risk features were also more likely to receive adjuvant therapy. (p= 0.006 for those with lymphovascular invasion and p= 0.0068 for those with T4 tumours). Dose reductions and completion rates were similar for SII and III disease, and for older and younger patients.

CONCLUSIONS
Over 25% of patients with SIIICC do not receive adjuvant chemotherapy in routine practice, with physicians basing non-treatment recommendations predominantly on patient age and co-morbidity. Where treatment is used, oxaliplatin-based therapy is the dominant regimen, except in older patients. In SIICC, adjuvant chemotherapy is used in one in four patients, more frequently in younger patients and those with high risk features. No significant financial relationships to disclose.


The invention discloses a method for assisting hydrogenation and reduction of a bio-oil model compound by using acidic ionic liquid. The method is characterized in that the aromatic benzaldehyde or phenol compound or furfural of the bio-oil model compound is used as a raw material, and the catalytic hydrogenation and hydrogenated deoxidization efficiencies are promoted under the double catalyzing action of the acidic ionic liquid and a loaded metal catalyst, so as to prevent coking; under the moderate condition, the hydrogenated reduction and hydrogenated deoxidization are performed. The method has the advantages that the reaction is performed at low pressure, and the operation is simple, convenient and safe; the reaction condition is moderate, and a product can be easily separated; the catalyzing effect is high, and the yield rate of a reducing product is high; the obvious caking of a system is avoided.


Sulfamethoxazole is an antibiotic that is used for the treatment of bacterial infections such as prostatitis, bronchitis and urinary tract infections. It is effective against gram negative and gram positive bacteria. Classical equation has been used in the calculation of stability constant of SulfamethoxazoleCu(II) complex depending on the theoretical explanation of the stoichiometry. The formation of Cu(II) complex with sulfamethoxazole was studied colorimetrically at an absorption maximum of 430 nm at 25, 30, 35 and 40 C. The data showed that Cu(II) and sulfamethoxazole combine in the molar ratio of 1:2 at pH 7.4 with ionic strength maintained using 0.1M KNO3. Calculated stability constants values were 4.02 x 10, 2.93 x 10, 1.37 x 10 and 9.21 x 10 using continuous variation method. Calculated ∆G for the complex were -3.77 x 10, -3.75 x 10, -3.62 x 10 and 3.57 x 10. The stoichiometry, stability constant and Gibbs free energy results suggested that sulfamethoxazole used in the study is a good chelating agent and can be an efficient antidote in the therapy of Cu(II) overload or poisoning.


Objective To develop a genotyping method of Vibrio parahaemolyticus, which is one of the most frequent pathogenic bacterium in food poisoning in Guangzhou, for quick and accurate testing of food poisoning agent. Methods The electrophoresis pattern and nucleotide sequence of 16S-23S rDNA IGS were analyzed. The suitable target DNA segment for genotyping of Vibrio parahaemolyticus was selected. The molecular typing procedure was established based on the target sequence. Results A 16S-23S rDNA IGS fragment was successfully cloned and sequenced. Molecular typing method of Vibrio parahaemolyticus was successfully developed based on the molecular marker of 16S-23S rDNA IGS. Conclusion The genotyping of Vibrio parahaemolyticus based on the 16S-23S rDNA IGS was not only a quick but also a sensitive method, which offered a new method for testing food poisoning based on genotyping. And this may play an important role on understanding the pathogenesis of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and its molecular epidemiology.


The discussion of our recent work concerning the vector solution of boundary-value problems in electromagnetism is extended to the case of no azimuthal symmetry by means of the spin-weighted spherical harmonics.


Abstract : This report describes the results of an experimental evaluation of a half-scale (physical size) model of a previously analyzed six-component force balance for testing rocket engines. The force range of the model was scaled down from 5000 foot pounds to 200 foot pounds, and structural parameters were scaled to represent those of the full-scale version which was analyzed under Contract F40600-68-C-0004. The evaluation includes the determination of (1) first- and second-order interactions of single and combination loads and (2) the effect of combination loads at expected gimbal points for typical rocket engines. The data which are presented in tabulated form, validate the prior analysis, and demonstrate that short force measuring links, assembled into a compact integral structure, do not result in excessive interactions.


We discuss the ${\cal O}(\alpha_s)$ supersymmetric QCD corrections to
neutralino-stop coannihilation into a top quark and a gluon in the Minimal
Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM). This particular channel can be
numerically important in wide ranges of the MSSM parameter space with rather
light stops. We discuss technical details such as the renormalization scheme
and the phase-space slicing method with two cutoffs. We also comment on
improvements with respect to earlier works on the given process. Further, we
study for the first time the phenomenologically very interesting interplay of
neutralino-stop coannihilation with neutralino-pair annihilation into quark
pairs taking the full next-to-leading order SUSY-QCD corrections into account.
We demonstrate that the numerical impact of these corrections on the total
(co)annihilation cross section and finally on the theoretically predicted
neutralino relic density is significant.


In this study it is suggested that the initiation of localized deformation zones in glassy polymers, like crazes or shear bands, is releted to the spcciIic flow properties of these materials, where small stress fluctuations lead to large local sfain rate differences. This view is supported by a stress optical study on polycarbonate, showing dcvclopment of inhomogeneous deformation below the yield point. Morcovcr, it is shown for a commercial grade of polystyrene that the strEi.n rate dependence of crlae initiation is equivalent to thst of yielding, indicating that both processes originate from the same molecular mechanisrn.


Permutation arrays (PAs, or permutation codes) are useful in communication over power lines. Distance-increasing mappings (DIMs) from the set of binary vectors of a fixed length to the set of permutations of the same length that strictly increase Hamming distances (except when that is obviously not possible) are useful to construct permutation arrays. In this paper, we first give a new recursive construction of DIMs. Next, with a tricky and very different way to use the recursive construction of DIMs, we find a new construction of PAs. Finally, a new lower bound for the size of PAs is given.


In the past, the only way to carry out the process of nesting was manually. Now, however, there is a wide range of software on the market which provides automated nesting. Over six decades of cutting and packing research of nesting, a number of algorithms and techniques have been developed, and therefore, the preview of the research is given. Afterwards, typical functionalities and items to consider when making a purchase decision are shown. Each nesting program comes with its own advantages, but basic advantages that apply to practically any nesting software are also presented.


The view of the skyscraper at 311 South Wacker street in Chicago is shown near the Sears Tower. All 65 stories of the building are visible.


This paper reviews the currently available computational contact formulations within the framework of isogeometric analysis (IGA). As opposed to conventional Lagrange discretizations, IGA basis functions feature higher and tailorable inter‐element continuity, which translates into evident advantages for the description of interacting surfaces, especially in presence of large displacements and large sliding. This has recently motivated the proposal of several isogeometric contact treatments, based on different ways to incorporate the contact contribution into the variational form of a continuum mechanics problem and to formulate its discretized version. After a brief overview of conventional and isogeometric basis functions as well as conventional contact mechanics approaches, the available isogeometric contact formulations are examined. Attention is paid to the favorable and unfavorable features they share with their finite element counterparts, as well as to the consequences stemming from the use of IGA basis functions. The main needs for future research emerging from the current state of the art are outlined. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


In the photocatalytic conversion of CO2 using H2O as the electron donor, there are four candidates of the intermediate species in the solution: hydrated CO2 molecule (CO2(aq)), carbonic acid (H2CO3), bicarbonate (HCO3–), and carbonate (CO32–) ions. The concentrations of all four species in the system at equilibrium can be controlled by controlling the temperature, pH value, and concentration of the countercation. According to our experiments conducted under different conditions, we narrowed the possible intermediates down to two: CO2(aq) and HCO3–. The isotopic experiment using 13CO2 and in situ infrared spectroscopy revealed that CO2(aq) reacts with the hydroxyl group anchored on the Ga atom on the surface of ZnGa2O4/Ga2O3 to form bidentate HCO3–Ga, followed by the formation of bidentate HCOO–Ga via monodentate HCO3–Ga. We conclude that bidentate HCOO–Ga is the real intermediate species for the photocatalytic conversion of CO2 by H2O as the electron donor over Ag/ZnGa2O4/Ga2O3 catalyst, and it decomposes...


An expression for the frequency spectrum of pulse interval and width modulation (PIWM) is presented. Experimental results obtained have shown close agreement with spectral predictions from the formula. Performance figures are also included from a practical PIWM optical-fibre transmission system intended for use with TV and video signals.


Nepal Bureau of Standard and Metrology (NBSM) have published Nepal Standard (NS) for physical and chemical requirements of different grade of OPC. Likewise, India, Japan, United States and other countries have published their own standard for physical and chemical properties of OPC. To confirm grade of cement, it takes 28 days. So, estimation of 28 days strength based on 3 days and 7 days compressive strength might help to save time. Before 2076, NBSM has published NS only for 33 grade of OPC, so cement industries in Nepal used to follow Indian standard (IS) standard (IS) for grade 43 & grade 53 due to absence of code related to these grades. As a result, the linear relationship between 3 days, 7 days and 28 days compressive strength model was determined with adjusted square of regression (R 2 ) value of 0.783. It is recommended that determined relationship between compressive strength of OPC at different age can be used to estimate 28 days compressive strength of cement from the strength obtained at 3 days and 7 days test.


Roundwood as a construction material is becoming more and more interesting to users. Using this wood in construction will increase the value of the material and may open new opportunities for construction design. In order to use round wood for this application, suitable connectors andlor joints have to be developed, but before all, the strength characteristics of roundwood must be determined and grading systems should be established. This investigation deals with the determination of the modulus of elasticity and the bending strength. The wood species concerned are Larch, grown in The Netherlands, and Douglas fir, grown in France, with diameters between 80 mm and 140 mm. The modulus of elasticity is determined by static and dynamic test methods. The data were included in a multiple regression model in order to predict the bending strength. The resulting model is compared with models for sawn timber that are nowadays used in practice.


Maropitant a neurokinin-1 (NK-1) receptor antagonist used as an antiemetic drug in dogs by blockade of substance P/NK-1 receptor binding in the vomiting center and chemoreceptor trigger zone in the central nervous system. In addition,substance P and NK-1 receptors have been isolated in nociceptive pathways. Therefore,it is expected that maropitant provides analgesic effect and its sparing effect of minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) has been reported in dogs. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the sparing effect of an approved antiemetic dose of maropitant on the MAC for blunting adrenergic response (MAC-BAR) of sevoflurane in dogs.Six adult healthy beagle dogs were anesthetized to determine the MAC-BAR of sevoflurane on 2-ocassions at least 1-week intervals. In each occasion,the dogs received a subcutaneous injection (SC) of saline (0. 1 ml/kg) or maropitant (1 mg/kg) before the MAC-BAR determination. MAC-BAR determination started at 60 min after the administration of saline or maropitant. MAC-BAR was determined in duplicate for each dog using electrical stimulus applied to the gingival (50 V,50 Hz,10 ms). During the MAC determination,all dogs were mechanically ventilated to maintain the endtidal CO2within 35 to 40 mmHg and kept warm to maintain esophageal temperature within 37. 5 to 38. 5 ℃. Data were compared between groups using a paired t-test. The level of significance was set at P < 0. 05.The baseline MAC-BAR for sevoflurane was 3. 44 ± 0. 53%. Subcutaneous maropitant significantly decreased the sevoflurane MAC-BAR by 17% (2. 88 ± 0. 74%,P = 0. 037).Maropitant decreased the sevoflurane MAC-BAR when administered at the approved antiemetic dose (1 mg/kg:SC) to dogs. It is expected that a preoperative administration of maropitant may produce anesthetic sparing effect in addition to antiemetic effect in dogs.


This paper addresses the modeling of biped dynamics and its use for controlling walking, running and jumping robots. We describe two approaches of dynamic modelling: the basic Lagrange's approach and the non-regular one. Discrete impact and ground contact management are given and a comparison is carried out in simulation.


This paper deals with the cooperative source localization problem with the goal of having an accurate estimate of the coordinate of the source cooperatively by a group of unicycle-type mobile agents. Neither absolute positioning information nor a common sense of direction is shared by the agents. Each agent gets its estimate about the source's coordinate in its own local frame based on the bearing measurements about its neighbors (that may or may not include the source) together with its own linear and angular speed information. A continuous time estimation scheme and a distributed fusion scheme are proposed for this goal such that the source's relative coordinate can be estimated at any time by each agent no matter whether it can directly detect the source or not. The globally asymptotic convergence of the estimation scheme and the fusion scheme is rigorously analyzed. Simulation results are also provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.


Abstract The object of this paper is to study the typology (classification) used in defining the entries in the Petit Robert and determine how it relates to the analogical method outlined on page XVI of Alain Rey's preface to the 1981 edition of the Petit Robert. I hope to present, the psychosemantic structure which is at the basis of this dictionary and makes it different from others which do not use the analogical method.


Melanin was extracted from testae of Prunus ameniaca first and the effective extraction of melanin was explored.The result showed the melanin was suitable to be extracted twice with 0.5 mol/L NaOH at 60 ℃ for 12 h,and the operation should be carried out under nitrogen to avoid excessive oxidation.After acid hydrolysis,further purification with organic solvents and repeated precipitation,4.73% yield of melanin was obtained.The melanin from testae of Prunus ameniaca contained higher total phenolic content,about 262 mg gallic acid equivalents per gramme.The physicochemical properties of the melanin from testae of Prunus ameniaca showed a strong similarity to these of synthetic DOPA melanin.They were insoluble in both water and common organic solvents but dissolved only in alkali,while precipitated in alkaline FeCl3 and when pH is below 3,and were bleached in KMnO4,K2Cr2O7,NaClO and H2O2,and produced a blue color with FeSO4/ferricyanide.In the ultraviolet and visible range of wavelengths the melanin absorption spectrum represents the decreasing line.The infrared spectra had the same strong absorption peaks as the broad band at 3 400 cm-1 and at 1650-1620 cm-1,respectively.


PARTICULATE preparation of radiopharmaceuticals labeled with technetium (99mTc), BASED SYNTHETIC POLYMERS (PLA, PGA, PLGA, PLA / PEG PLGA / PEG, ETC.). These polymers, WITH THAT MAY BE OBTAINED FROM ALL SIZES PARTICLE depending on the production process, EASILY CAN BE RECORDED FOR technetium labeled particles. These particles can be used as radiopharmaceuticals DIAGNOSTIC USE ALLOWING exploring different organs and functions depending on the size of the particle. THE USE OF THESE PARTICLES OF SYNTHETIC POLYMERS ALLOW REPLACE HUMAN albumin particles currently used, AVOIDING drawbacks.


The discussion of euthanasia has been aroused in Hong Kong after a teacher's accident which caused him quadriplegia for 25 years. The teacher requested euthanasia, which was unlawful in Hong Kong. After 14 years, the development of euthanasia remains static. Without strong demand and voices in society to change the position of the existing law on euthanasia, public consultation on a proposal of allowing euthanasia has been delayed and not yet accomplished. In this article, it will discuss the situation and progress of euthanasia in Hong Kong. Ethical principles namely autonomy and beneficence and ethical theory (utilitarianism), Code of Ethics and Religion plays a contributing impact on euthanasia. The role of nurses in euthanasia is also important as nurses spent most of the time with the patient. At present, there is no clear guidance for nurses on euthanasia. Their role can be categorized into three phases namely, pre-euthanasia, intra-euthanasia and post-euthanasia stage. The discussion in this paper provide a more concrete and clear description of nurses' role and responsibilities of nurses not only limited to Hong Kong, it can also be used in other countries.


The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge of attitudes in a rural population adopting birth control voluntary surgical contraception in order to improve the coverage of family planning program.


The invention relates to a water-permeable brick made of environmental-friendly materials. The brick comprises a base layer and an upper layer, wherein the base layer is prepared by uniformly mixing and stirring crushed aggregate with the particle size of 5 to 10mm, slag cement, a water reducing agent and water and pouring the mixture into the lower part of a die; and the upper layer is prepared by uniformly mixing and stirring a mixture which is prepared by mixing residual stone with the particle size of 2.5 to 4mm, natural sienna stone powder, muyu stone powder, slag cement and slaked lime and has the unit weight of 450 to 500kg/m , a water reducing agent and water and pouring into the upper part of the base layer. The brick has a good water-permeable effect; the upper layer is a combination prepared by mixing the environmental-friendly materials, namely natural sienna stone powder and muyu stone powder, so the phenomenon of whitening due to the fading of the upper layer is avoided; and the brick has the effects of generating far infrared rays and negative ions, purifying air, adsorbing noise and adjusting humidity.


This chapter explores the influence of Harold Garfinkel and the approach to studying social action known as ethnomethodology. The chapter explores the distinct approach to studying organizing 'as it happens' developed by ethnomethodologists. We identify the differences between ethnomethodological approaches and mainstream structural-functionalist sociology and also identify the methodological concerns and requirements this approach brings with it. We conclude by identifying fruitful lines of enquiry for future research in management and organizational settings.


The electrochemical cell comprises a membrane electrode assembly between a pair of bipolar plates and the bipolar plates. The membrane electrode assembly comprises a proton exchange membrane disposed between the anode compartment, a cathode compartment and said anode compartment and said cathode compartment. And the cell further comprises a gasket positioned between the pair of bipolar seal formed on one of the plates surface, and the sealing surface and the proton exchange membrane. It said gasket is configured to be plastically deformed so as to execute the sealing for one of the cathode compartment or the anode compartment. The sealing surface may comprise one or more protrusions.


The paper describes the extent and distribution of the salt affected soils in different parts of India. From the management point of view these soils have been grouped into 2 categories (i) Saline soils, (ii) Alkali soils, and their distingushing characteristics have been explained. The work done on the relative tolerance of important forest species for soil salinity and alkali conditions in India as well as in other countries his been briefly summarised, which shows wide differences in the tolerance of the different species. A detailed account has been given or the planting techniques used for raising forest trees on the salt affected soils in India and other counries. It has been shown that the success of the plantations and the improvement in the soil depend to a great extent on the kind of planting techniques and soil working methods followed. Comprehensive details of the various trial. Undertaken on tree plantations in the salt affected soils in different parts of India and other countries have been discussed, which show scope of successful afforestation in certain situations. The systematic data collected through well planned experiments conducted at C.S.I.R.I., Karnal on a calcareous sodic soil canvincingly reveal that species like Prosopis Juliflora, Eucalyptus Hybrid . And Acacia Nilotica can be grown successfully by treating the soil of the planting pit with gypsum and F.Y.M. alongwith application of a small dose of nitrogenous and phosphatic fertilizer. This soil treatment has been found to yield as good results as in the case of replacement of the alkali soil with a normal soil. The various ameliorative effects caused by tree growth on the salt affected soils have been elucidated. The work done recently under pot culture condition. At CSSRI, Karnal with saline water irrigation has shown more adverse effect of salioe water irrigation on Albizzia letbbek than on Eucalyptus hybrid the addition of gypsum, S.Y.M. aad fertilizers appears to minimise the detrimental effects depending upon the composition of saline irrigation water. In view of the limited avaliable data in India a need for intensifying systematic research on critical evaluation of soil Working techniques and identification of suitable tree species for afforestation on the salt affected soils has been suggested.


Interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy set (IVPFS), originally proposed by Peng and Yang, is a novel tool to deal with vagueness and incertitude. As a generalized set, IVPFS has close relationship with interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy set (IVIFS). IVPFS can be reduced to IVIFS satisfying the condition $mu^++nu^+ leq 1$. However, the related operations of IVPFS do not take different conditions into consideration. In this paper, we initiate some new interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy operators ($diamondsuit, Box, spadesuit, clubsuit, maltese, rightarrow, $ $) and discuss their properties in relation with some existing operators $(cup, cap, oplus, otimes)$ in detail. It will promote the development of interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy operators. Later, we propose an algorithm to deal with multi-attribute decision making (MADM) problem based on proposed $spadesuit$ operator. Finally, the effectiveness and feasibility of approach is demonstrated by mine emergency decision making example.


The Wolverine is a mobile, wearable haptic device designed for simulating the grasping of rigid objects in virtual environment. In contrast to prior work on force feedback gloves, we focus on creating a low cost, lightweight, and wireless device that renders a force directly between the thumb and three fingers to simulate objects held in pad opposition type grasps. Leveraging low-power brake-based locking sliders, the system can withstand over 100N of force between each finger and the thumb, and only consumes 2.78 Wh(10 mJ) for each braking interaction. Integrated sensors are used both for feedback control and user input: time-of-flight sensors provide the position of each finger and an IMU provides overall orientation tracking. This design enables us to use the device for roughly 6 hours with 5500 full fingered grasping events. The total weight is 55g including a 350 mAh battery.


In a client server system, the network load is reduced by using the fingerprint compression and the differential compression, by providing the proxy server at the server side and using the general purpose browser at the client side, without requiring a separate proxy server at the client side. The client downloads and installs a fingerprint cache processing engine as a plug-in.


Ecology is increasingly becoming a certification mark in the demand of logistics services. While branches in which ecology plays an important already show a growing sensitivity towards environmental questions, several recent empiric studies show that environmentally-oriented logistics also have a greater claim in other branches of economy. The present article deals with this question. Ecology is evaluated first in theory and subsequently checked with the help of an empiric study. Moreover, the Step-Project of the STORA group, a Swedish company of the paper-producing industry, serves as an example for the putting into practice of environmentally-oriented solutions in distribution's logistics.


In this work, we present a robot-sensor integration solution to allow in-line estimation of omega-3 fatty acid features in salmon fillets through Raman spectroscopy technology. The composition of omega-3 fatty acids in salmon fat is a critical food quality indicator for the salmon farming industry, as a high content contributes to a redder fillet and fewer unwanted dark spots and, consequently, leads to a higher price tag. Nowadays, Raman spectroscopy is conducted manually using a commercial all-in-one Raman system for rapid measurements in a laboratory or close to the production line. In general, this activity can be tedious, error-prone, time-consuming, and labor-intensive. To address such challenges, we propose an autonomous robotic Raman spectroscopy system synergized with a computer vision system, an AI-based learning approach, and a motion planning algorithm. We then developed a proof-of-concept demo using a Raman sensor mounted ad-hoc on a 6-DoF robot arm, an RGB-D camera, a conveyor system, and printed/natural salmon fillets, emulating a lab-scale industrial environment. All software architecture is implemented using the ROS framework and open-source Python libraries. Our robot-sensor integration solution can provide promising results, as the robotic system allows for faster and more accurate measurements of omega-3 fatty acid content in salmon fillets moving over the conveyor belt at low and high speeds, improving operational efficiency, and scaling the business.


It is known that if A is a self-dual lattice in R", then min {u-u | u e A, u # 0} < (M/8) + 1. If equality holds the lattice is called extremal. In this paper we find all the extremal lattices: there are unique lattices in dimensions 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 12, 14, 15, 23, 24 and no others.


A principal problem facing users of scientific or engineering databases is that of finding the correct data, due to a lack of detailed knowledge about the structure or schema of the available data. This paper discusses an approach to the design and development of a web-based interface that incorporate a visual model to access database information. This interface links a VRML (Virtual Reality Modeling Language) world to a database, creating an accessible 3D query interface that eliminates the need to know database query language syntax, database structure, and VRML. The user views the virtual world and retrieves information from a connected database with the click of a button. The interface offers the ability to create dynamic 3D anchors and associates queries that relate to parts of a VRML world. The main advantage of this virtual design is the simplicity of data retrieval for the end user.


(1975). Violence due to Over-Population and Over-Crowding — Gang Violence. Australian Journal of Forensic Sciences: Vol. 8, No. 1, pp. 7-13.


The crystal structures of three pairs of "bridge-flipped isomers" are compared here in the context of whether their similarity in molecular space-filling requirements in combination with the tendency of centrosymmetric molecules to occupy crystallographic inversion centers might lead to their isomorphism. The possibility that similar fluorine-based supramolecular synthons occurring in the crystal structures of both members of a pair might promote their isomorphism is also considered. The compounds are the bis-benzylideneanilines formed by reaction of 2-fluoroaniline, 3-fluoroaniline, and 4-fluoroaniline respectively with terephthaldehyde (1–3) and by reaction of 2-fluorobenzaldehyde, 3-fluorobenzaldehyde, and 4-fluorobenzaldehyde respectively with phenylenediamine (4–6). The crystal structure of 2 is disordered, with the fluorine atom occupying two sites (95 : 5 occupation) related by rotation about the bond between the bridge nitrogen atom and the 3-fluorophenyl group. The crystal structure of 6 (HEWHAU) has been reported by previous workers. The structures of the 1:4, 2:5, and 3:6 pairs are compared to each other and to those of fluorinated simple (one-bridge) benzylideneanilines and fluorinated bis-benzylideneanilines recently described in the literature. No isomorphism is found among the bridge-flipped isomeric pairs, and none is found between positional isomers within the 1–3 or 4–6 series. The supramolecular synthon defined by a 2-F⋯bridge H contact is found in several of the benzylideneaniline crystal structures, but it does not compel isomorphism, nor is it specific to one type (terephthaldehyde-based or phenylenediamine-based) of isomer. Conformational variability and supramolecular synthon variety apparently serve as structure differentiators, not as isomorphism facilitators, among these bis-benzylideneanilines.


Range Reference Atmosphere (RRA) datasets are statistical upperair climatologies of specific geographical locations. center dot The Range Commanders Council (RCC) have been publishing RRAs since 1963, with updates produced. Two "milestone" series were produced in 1983 and 2006. center dot In late 2012, the NASA/MSFC Natural Environments Branch initiated production of a new series of RRA updates. These are referred to as the 2013/2014 versions. center dot To date, four RRAs have been completed (CCAFS, EAFB, VAFB, WSMR). Development of these four were funded by the NASA Space Launch System program. center dot The RCC has funded a proposal to create RRAs for an additional ten sites. Work on these is ongoing.


This paper studied the crushing technique feature main points of paving road and supervising quality of the disused pavement in connection with the foreign countries' crushing technique of the cement concrete pavement and in the light of the present existed problems in the field of reconstruction of disused concrete pavement.The above-mentioned technique was applied in the reconstruction of the disused cement concrete pavement.It indicated that in the course of the disused pavement reconstruction by means of using the crushing disused cement concrete pavement as the base of the re-pavement can solve the problems of the refection crack of the disused pavement.This crushing technique is of the fine prospect of application in the reconstruction of the disused pavement.


Petrochemical industrial wastewater (PIW)contains toluene and xylene (TX), and various organic and inorganic pollutants, causing severe risks to human health if improperly released into the environmental matrices. For the long-term reliability of environmental conservation, this study illustrates the interlinkage between PIW treatment and the three pillars of sustainable development. Sewage sludge biochar was modified with eggshell, showing a relatively high fixed C content (increase in carbonization degree), and small O/C and N/C ratios. The prepared biochar was employed for TX adsorption in mono-component solutions, giving removal efficiencies of 79.1% (T) and 86.6% (X), at pH =10, adsorbent dosage =2 g/L, and Co =40 mg/L within 60 min. The main adsorption mechanism was physisorption, including precipitation/pore-filling, π-π dispersive interaction, and van der Waals force. The modified biochar also treated real PIW under five adsorption/regeneration cycles, providing essential steps toward large-scale applications. According to an economic feasibility estimation, the biochar application for treating 1 m3 of PIW would offer a payback period of 6.9 yr. The study outputs could be linked to the restoration of water-related ecosystems, biochar modification for industrial applications, and climate change mitigation, adopting the 2030 agenda and its sustainable development goals (SDGs).


A workpiece stack, comprising at least one steel workpiece and an aluminum-based workpiece may be resistance spot welded by a spot welding method in which the welding current is controlled to perform one or more stages of a weld development. When it is desired to terminate the weld current flow and solidify a liquid melt in a welding lens (made mostly Aluminiumasierter composition), additional cooling is applied to the outer surface of the aluminum-based workpiece about the contact area of the spot welding electrode with the surface of the aluminum-based workpiece surface is engaged. The additional cooling is applied and controlled to increase the speed of solidification of the liquid aluminum-based material and to control the direction of solidification of the weld nugget to remove impurities, and the like, which were originally in the melt, better to the surface of the steel workpiece to be limit.


Regional equalization of basic public service may shorten regional income gap by shortening regional economic growth gap,promoting regional cooperation,promoting regional benefit level,and improving self-development ability.Presently,the non-equalization of basic public service in different regions in our country has greatly influenced the income gap,and the imperfect legislation should be responsible for it.We should possess legislation idea of equal development,and perfect the legislation system and the supporting laws as well.


Abstract The dielectric dispersion and influence of a.c. electric field strength on electric permittivity as well as the hysteresis loops for Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 ceramics were investigated. The dipolar relaxation of Cole—Cole type below 1 MHz is observed. This relaxation significantly evolves with temperature and is connected with dynamics of polar regions. The increasing strength of a.c. electric field shifts the electric permittivity characteristic towards lower temperatures. This effect can be associated with the reactivation and reversal of the polar regions and mechanical stresses rising because of external field action. Examination of the low-frequency hysteresis loops reveals the occurrence of usual ferroelectric properties below 200°C. The occurrence of deformed hysteresis loops above 200°C is discussed in terms of electro-mechanical interaction between polar regions and nonpolar matrix.


Studies have demonstrated that an important factor to increase the success rate of software projects is the involvement of key stakeholders at the right time, in order to define business objectives, scope of the project and requirements. The Inception phase of projects is in charge to provide these outcomes and is suitable to really involve stakeholders as team members because of the non-technical nature of the activities. However, since the stakeholders' involvement is a time- and money-consuming activity, it is important to maximize its efficiency. With that in mind, ludic aspect inherent to games can be used as a strategy to optimize the Inception phase. This paper presents ActiveAction, a game-based workshop used as an alternative for the software project's Inception phase in order to increase its effectiveness and improve the stakeholders' involvement in the project. ActiveAction combines classical and game-based techniques which permit a deep involvement of stakeholders and a collaborative identification of objectives, constraints and risks during an intensive workshop oriented to project conceptualization. ActiveAction workshop resulted in a successful game-based strategy that has improved the Inception phase of 19 projects with different customers. After-workshop surveys, projects outcomes and customer satisfaction indicate validity of the method. ActiveAction is a valuable game-based alternative to carry out the Inception phase in a software project. It makes possible to get an important amount of information, directly from key stakeholders in a short period of time increasing the success rate of projects.


Fuzzy clustering algorithm based on 2D histogram can suppress noise effectually.But Fuzzy C-Means(FCM) clustering algorithm has a large disadvantage,that is long run time,which restricts its application in the image segmentation.By constructing the reasonable 2D histogram and selecting the elements tallying with given condition,this paper studies image segmentation based on FCM algorithm.The experimental results illustrate that the proposed algorithm costs approximate same time with the algorithm based on 1D histogram,but prior to the latter such as high segmentation precision.


The purpose of this study was to determine whether profitability, lagged dividend, and investment opportunity set affect dividend policy. The analysis in this study uses descriptive statistics, while hypothesis testing uses multiple linear regression, with the addition of a variable, namely the investment opportunity set as a gap theory from previous research which is still rarely studied. The results of this study indicate that there is a simultaneous influence between profitability, lagged dividend, and investment opportunity set on dividend policy. Partially, profitability and lagged dividend have a positive effect on dividend policy. While the Investment Opportunity Set partially negative effect on dividend policy. With the results of the coefficient of determination which shows that 43.8% of the dividend policy with the dimensions of the Dividend Payout Ratio (DPR) is influenced by the variables of Profitability, Lagged Dividend, and Investment Opportunity Set, the remaining 56.2% can be influenced by other variables.


Accumulating evidence suggests the immunosuppressive microenvironments created by malignant tumors represent a major obstacle for effective anti‐tumor immunity. A better understanding of the suppressive mechanisms mediated by tumor microenvironments and the development of strategies to reverse the immune suppression are major challenges for the success of tumor immunotherapy. Here, we report that human tumor cells can induce senescence in naïve/effector T cells, exhibiting potent suppressive function in vitro and in vivo. We further show that tumor‐derived endogenous cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) is responsible for the induction of T‐cell senescence. Importantly, activation of TLR8 signaling in tumor cells can block the induction and reverse the suppression of senescent naïve and tumor‐specific T cells in vitro and in vivo, resulting in enhanced anti‐tumor immunity. These studies identify a novel mechanism of human tumor‐mediated immune suppression and provide a new strategy to reverse tumor immunosuppressive effects for tumor immunotherapy.


Based on SOAP(Simple Object Access Protocol) technology, the SubLoc server/client suite offers a user-friendly interface for searching and predicting protein subcellular location.


A new carboxylic acid-terminated dendronized polymer (denpol), constructed with linear chain attaching Frechet-type dendrons at each repeat unit, has been designed and synthesized through a combination of macromonomer route and hydrolysis reaction. The resulting denpol exhibits excellent solubility in aqueous solution for pH ≥ 6, and significantly the denpol also encapsulates various aromatic molecules efficiently. The results of UV–vis and fluorescence spectra indicate that hydrophobic and π-π interactions bring into effect between the water-insoluble organic molecules and the denpol. Moreover, the photoisomerization of azobenzene solubilized in denpol aqueous solution was investigated, which indicated that trans-to-cis and cis-to-trans conversions were first-order reactions. The enhancement of photoisomerization property may attribute to the proper microenvironment in the denpol. Therefore, the denpol is expected to be a potential candidate as amphiphilic unimolecular container. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 46: 4564–4574, 2008


The Canada Basin (CB) formed during a short period of seafloor spreading inferred to be Early Cretaceous in age. Brookian strata of inferred Early Cretaceous to Holocene age comprise the sedimentary fill of the Canada Basin Tectono-Sedimentary Element (CB TSE). Although the CB has remained tectonically quiet since seafloor spreading ceased, both proximal and distal tectonism (Alpha Ridge magmatism, and the Cordilleran, Brooks Range, and Eurekan orogenies) have influenced sediment source areas, dispersal paths, and thicknesses in the basin. In the Neogene, the dominant source of sediments is the Mackenzie River which drains northern portions of the Cordilleran orogen. The CB TSE is one of the most remote and challenging places on Earth to explore. Although regional seismic reflection and refraction data exist, there are no boreholes to constrain interpretations. Existing estimates of hydrocarbon potential range from limited (Houseknecht et al. 2020) to moderate (Grantz and Hart, 2012) to significant (Dietrich et al., 2018).


The ever rising need for detailed knowledge of the structure of paper coating urges the improvement and development of new techniques for gaining new and valuable information. The assessment, study ...


A thermodynamic analysis of the reaction for obtaining boron, carbide and boron nitride upon the basis of KBF 4 and B 2 O 3 at self-propagating high-temperature synthesis was conducted. It is suggested that most acceptable results are expected at magnesium-thermal reduction of KBF 4 . © 2010 Bull. Georg. Natl. Acad. Sci.


" Sea mills of Cephalonia " (Greece). " The mills are driven 1 a current of sea-water which flows into the land for about fif yards through an artificial channel, finally disappearing amid clef and fissures in the limestone rock" (Baedeker). "The boundari of this influx have never been definitely determined, but certainly extends along the coast for nearly half a mile " (loc. cit. Messrs, Crosby estimate the daily consumption of sea-water i 6,000,000 cubic feet. H. E. Strickland has also described thei sea-mills (Proc. Geol. Soc, xi, pp. 220, 221). A. K. CoOJIABA-SwAMY. WORPLESDON".


Vehicle Internet access benefits from using heterogeneous multi-provider networks. However, such access suffers significantly from insufficient handover processes. Due to high vehicle speeds, handover happens frequently and is substantially impaired by high handover delays. To solve correlated issues, we propose MoVeNet, a client-controlled, distributed mobility management approach with three substantial characteristics. Firstly, it pools parallel resources of wireless multi-provider networks for efficient common use. Secondly, MoVeNet reduces overhead for mobility management due to publish-subscribe methods. Thirdly, it provides a low-latency option for critical data flows, which enables flow-wise trade-off between latency and overhead. The architecture splits control from data, introducing lightweight Data Agents, which provide protocol transparency towards communication partners. Data Agents are located near the optimal route to provide low-latency packet routes. Moreover, MoVeNet introduces a Control Agent, which offloads communication-intensive tasks from the mobile node to reduce signaling overhead. The result solves deficiencies of related approaches and satisfies typical requirements of modern mobility management protocols. As shown by simulation, MoVeNet reaches excellent handover performance even for the harsh environment of the connected vehicle scenario.


Many water utilities have recently initiated or are considering initiating monitoring programs to establish baseline contaminant concentrations of endocrine‐disrupting compounds (EDCs) and pharmaceuticals/personal care products (PPCPs) in their water supply. Unfortunately, monitoring sites and sampling frequency have often been conducted without regard to end use of the data, loading dynamics, and environmental behavior of trace contaminants. This article provides an a posteriori analysis of more than eight years of monitoring data from Lake Mead, Nev., including more than 80 EDCs/PPCPs to ascertain what effects sample location, sample frequency, and analyte reporting limits have on interpretation of the baseline dataset. The results of this study indicate that, for the Lake Mead dataset, the same general conclusions regarding the mean, median, maximum, and minimum concentrations can be drawn from the complete monthly sample dataset as can be drawn from a two‐year snapshot and/or even quarterly or bimonthly data alone. This finding points to the possible reduction of sampling, campaign frequency, and duration for utilities, although this type of analysis needs to be conducted in other watersheds to determine portability of results.


Persistent infection by one of 15 high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV)types isa necessary but notsufficientcause of 5% of all human cancers. This provides a remarkable opportunity for cancer prevention via immunization. Since Harald zur Hausen's pioneering identification of hrHPV types 16 and 18, found in approximately 50% and 20% of cervical cancers, respectively, two prophylactic HPV vaccines containing virus-like particles (VLP) of each genotype have been widely licensed. These vaccines are beginning to affect infection and HPV-associated neoplasia rates after immunization campaigns in adolescents. Here, we review recentprogressandopportunitiestobetterpreventHPV-associated


Within the historiography of gender and reputation in early modern Europe, female and male honour are usually presented as being incommensurable; yet they are constantly compared. Female honour has been discussed primarily in the context of sexual reputation. Male honour is commonly imagined as 'more complex', involving matters of deference, physical prowess, economic and professional competence and die avoidance of public ridicule. Thus the predominant model of gendered honour has been oppositional—female to male, private to public, passive to active, individual to collective and, by extension, chastity to deeds. Such a model, however, is misconceived. Just as the honour of men could be bound up with sexuality and the body, so these constituted merely one—albeit powerful—concomitant of feminine honour. Sexual probity was indeed central to the dominant discourse of early modern gender ideology, and historians have quite properly noted the significance of a social code of female honour 'which was overwhelmingly seen in sexual terms'. But the potency of this discourse has itself frequently led to the selection of sources in which sexual conduct and reputation are central issues, and in which sexual constructions of female dishonour are immediately visible Because women's honour has effectively been imagined in terms of dishonour, constructions of shame—especially those associated with sexuality and sexual behaviour—have been privileged over, or compounded with, those of affront. Even when it has been noted that sexual insult could be a mundane response 'in every sort of local and personal conflict', conceptualisations of women's honour have been defined overwhelmingly by the nature of such responses rather than the conflicts themselves.


A vehicle-fixing bracket which is fixed on an automobile comprising a fixed seat, the seat and bearing means rotatably connecting the fixing base and the pivot bearing seat. Bearing seats for receiving and fixing the carrier comprising a member connecting member and the electronic device. Pivot means comprises a pivot fixed member, pivot member and the locking member, and a pivot member fixedly connected sleeved pivot member, fixed by a locking member, fixedly connected to the fixed member holder. Connecting member comprises annular body portion and is formed inside the mounting body. Pivot member comprises a sleeve portion and a pivot portion connected with the pivoting portion. Pivot portion is rotatably mounted by the housing latching portion in the body, the sleeve portion is provided rotatably sleeved on the pivot shaft, and a vertical rotation axis of the rotation axis portion sleeved pivot portion. Fixing the in-vehicle apparatus, when it is desired to adjust the horizontal rotation angle of the electronic device, an external force may be applied to the bearing seat, since the seat carrier holding more convenient, and therefore can easily adjust the horizontal rotation angle.


We present an approach to hybrid semantic Web service matching that complements logic based reasoning with approximate matching based on syntactic IR based similarity computations. The hybrid matchmaker, called OWLS-MX, applies this approach to services and requests specified in OWL-S. Experimental results of measuring performance and scalability of different variants of OWLS-MX show that under certain constraints logic based only approaches to OWL-S service I/O matching can be significantly outperformed by hybrid ones.


Introduction
Technology and Sustainability
Fine-tuning Business Strategy and Technology Strategy
Transition to a Bio-based Industry: Sectoral Integration in the Netherlands
Perspectives on Healthy and Sustainable Technology Development
Can Sustainability Drive Technology?

Foresight in the Materials and Chemicals Industry: International Perspectives
USA: Technology Roadmap for Plant/Crop-based Renewable Resources 2020 and Bio-based Industrial Products
USA: Technology Vision for the Chemical Industry in 2020
UK: A Chemicals Renaissance
Netherlands: Catalysis Roadmap
OECD: Biotechnology for Clean Industrial Products and Processes
Keys to Sustainability in the Materials Industry

Translation to Content
Safe and Efficient Production of Monomers, Polymers and Materials
High-performance Polymers and Materials
Safe and Efficient Waste Management and Transformation to Resource or Energy

Conclusion

Keywords:

sustainability;
technology foresight;
renewable resources;
high-performance polymers;
natural raw materials;
biosynthetic polymers;
material design;
waste management


TaNx thin films were deposited on Si substrates by inductively coupled plasma (ICP)-assisted DC magnetron sputtering. The diffusion barrier properties of the TaNx films were tested by heat treatment at different temperatures. It was found that the diffusion barrier properties of TaNx thin films could be significantly enhanced by controlling the microstructure of the film. Diffusion barrier properties were improved by depositing the TaNx films under conditions that produce amorphous films without grain boundaries, as grain boundaries may serve as diffusion paths for Cu atoms. The diffusion barrier properties of the TaNx films with an amorphous structure were found to be maintained after annealing at 1073 K, which is the highest temperature among the reported values.


Magnesium alloys have excellent mechanical and physical performance to be structural materials,but the field of application is limited by its poor resistance to corrosion.Chemical conversion coatings have been developed rapidly as a simple,effective face-treatment of corrosion protection.Compared with chromate conversion coatings which pollute badly,cerium coating gets a lot of interesting because of its innocuous,pollution-free and good resistance to corrosion.The coating-form process and condition,the composition and microstructure were overviewed.The problems of the film were pointed out as well as the foreground in the future.


Drawing on data from a multi-year digital storytelling project, this comparative case study offers portraits of two emerging authors—one a child and the other a young adult—who used multiple media and modes to articulate pivotal moments in their lives and reflect on life trajectories. The conceptual framework blends recent scholarship on narrative, identity, and performance, with an eye towards fostering agency. These cases demonstrate how digital storytelling, in combination with supportive social relationships and opportunities for participation in a communitybased organization, provided powerful means and motivation for forming and giving voice to agentive selves.


Photoionization of hydrazine and its alkyl derivatives, methyl, 1,1 - dimethyl, 1,1 -diethyl, 1 -methyl, 1 -n-butyl, and 1,1-di-n-butyl hydrazine, was studied with a mass spectrometer. The results showed that ionization plays a significant role in dissociation of the alkyl derivatives and a predominant role in the case of the most complex molecules. In hydrazine, ionization by removal of a hydrogen atom was the only process discovered. Ions with mass numbers of 1 or 2, smaller than the mass number of molecular ions, were observed in the mass spectra of all hydrazines studied. As the complexity of the molecule increased, the role of dissociation with breaking of the N---C and C --C bonds increased. The data indicated that the O--O transfer corresponding to an adiabatic ionization potential is not vertical; thus the removal of an electron in ionization results in a change in the internuclear distances in the molecule. The photoionization yield near the threshold was small, and increased slowly with increase in photon energy. Curves of the ionization data for the compounds studied and tables of the energies of breaking of bonds and of ionization thresholds are given. (TTT)


fact which suggests that the administration of the drug in doses twice daily (at 9 a.m. and 5 p.m.) as advocated by Bellows and Chinn would be as effective as four times a day. The administration of heat and such chemicals as ethyl morphine hydrochloride, atropine and physostigmine had no effect on the concentration of sulphanilamide in the aqueous but acetyl--13methylchlorine chloride (mecholyl) caused through its power to alter capillary permeability, an increased concentration of the drug over the control values. Paracentesis of the anterior chamber followed half-an-hour later by another paracentesis also leads to an increased concentration of sulphanilamide in the aqueous. Sulphanilamide dusted on to the conjunctiva and cornea lead to some irritation without any appreciable penetration of the drug into the ocular tissues. After subconjunctival injection of a solution of the drug the aqueous concentration was far below that which followed oral administration. Bellows and Chinn found sulphanilamide in the tears of two patients who were receiving 3 grm. a day. In one instance the tears contained 1,5 mgm. in 100 c.c., 3 hours after the administration of 1 grm. and in the other 17 hours after a similar dose, the concentration was 0'8 mgm. per 100 c.c. It is evident from these experimental and clinical findings that the ocular tissues are penetrated by sulphanilamide.


With an increased interest in and focus on lifelong learning and adult education as a means to economic development, social cohesion and participation in a democracy, comes an enhanced attention on ...


The power of fans at a coal-fired power plant is necessary to bring air to the furnace, transport pulverized coal, and removing the products of combustion in the flus gases. The highly turbulent flow in the flue-gas duct system downstream the Induced Draft (ID) fans usually caused the power consumption increased of the electric auxiliary-power systems in a coal-fired power plant. The excessive pressure drop through the flue-gas duct, caused by the highly turbulent flow in it, was reduced by modifying the turning vanes and adding splitters in the flue-gas duct system. Modifications are effective to reduce power consumption of the electric auxiliary-power systems. The analysis showed that the excessive pressure drop of the flue duct is caused by the local eddy which is resulted from the non-uniform flow with regions of a secondary flow. The gas flow in duct system is complicated, due to the duct diffuser and presence of several curved solid boundaries make the gas flow highly turbulent. In addition, the inadequate design in a mixing flow device caused turbulence to be enlarged. The effects in flow turbulent diffusion and local instability caused by the curved flow lead to the secondary flow and the non-uniform flow in the duct, which are able to cause a pressure drop increased. Measurements were taken by inserting a special designed pitot-tube into the duct to acquire gas velocity fields. Simulation of turbulent gas flow distribution in duct system is attempted through computational fluid dynamics analysis using ANSYS CFX software. Numerical flow modeling with physical boundary conditions was used to be a modified design and an analysis tool for improving the flue gas distribution in the duct. These modifications can include added turning vanes and flow splitters. Numerical modeling has advantages over physical modeling in that actual geometric scale and measured gas velocity fields are used. Advantages over a field data based study include the ability to quickly analyze a optimal design without actually modifying vanes in advance, and the availability of significantly more data with which to interpret the results. The modification of the turning vanes and splitters added in the flue-gas duct system on Taichung no. 10 Power Plant for the reduction of turbulence, which in turn, reduced the duct pressure drop.


To obtain the actinomycetes which could produce amylase,the selective media were used.The strains with relatively high-producing amylase were screened through measuring enzyme activity by mean of Yoo.In order to improve the ability of producing amylase many methods were used,such as UV mutagenesis,ultrasonic mutagenesis and heat mutagenesis.In addition,culture conditions of the strain were optimized by using single-factor and orthogonal tests.At the same time,its identification was done through the morphology,colony characteristics,physiological and biochemical characteristics and the analysis of 16S rDNA homology.43 strains producing amylase were isolated from marine mud and marine algae collected from the coastal regions of zhoushan(in Zhejiang province),among them 3 strains had the ability of high-producing amylase.Treatment with UV mutagenesis the enzyme activity of strain A24 increased to 282.7 U·mL-1 from 111.5 U·mL-1,and then by optimization of culture conditions to 353.67 U·mL-1.The strain was identified as Streptomyce sp.A24 based on its morphological and physiological properties,and 16S rDNA sequence analysis.GenBank accession number was GU184337.


Objective To introduce the imaging appearances of facial nerve malformation.Methods(1) Spiral CT was performed with multiplanar reformation on temporal bone and observations were carried out on axial,coronal or reformated facial nerve sections,which could help us make analysis of the course of the facial nerve within middle ear and mastoid.(2) Aberrant facial nerve was then confirmed by intraoperative facial nerve monitoring.Results Malformations of facial nerve could be previously observed by preoperative spiral CT scan,which were shown mostly as absence of bony canal,facial nerve suspended within the middle ear cavity,facial nerve covering oval window,et al.Conclusion Accuracy of diagnosis of facial nerve malformation can be improved by spiral CT with multiplanar reformation of temporal bone before microsurgery.


Female Male • The phase III MPACT trial in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer (mPCa) demonstrated superiority of first-line (1L) nab®-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine (nab-P/G) vs G for all efficacy outcomes tested, including the primary endpoint, overall survival (OS) Median OS, 8.7 vs 6.6 months; HR 0.72; P < 0.0011 Median progression-free survival (PFS), 5.5 vs 3.7 months; HR 0.69; P < 0.0012 • Although MPACT demonstrated promising results, the relevance of clinical trial data to real-world results is often questioned Real-world database studies may address this issue • Recent technological and analytical advances in "big data" research allow for reliable extraction of patient-level information from electronic health records (EHRs) • This analysis may serve as a proof of concept to evaluate the feasibility of using EHRs for an ongoing prospective observational cohort study • A retrospective analysis of data extracted from the Flatiron Health database was undertaken to evaluate real-world outcomes of patients with mPCa who were treated with 1L nab-P/G Treatment Patterns and Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer Treated With First-Line nab-Paclitaxel Plus Gemcitabine: Analysis of US Electronic Health Records From the Flatiron Health Database


With the rapid development of China's economy, the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area is experiencing rapid economic growth, increasing population, and extremely high regional foot traffic, which brings great challenges to the transportation system. To support the sustainable development of the Guangdong, Hong Kong(China), and Macao(China) Greater Bay Area, optimizing the rail transportation system of the Guangdong, Hong Kong(China), and Macao(China) Greater Bay Area has become an urgent task. At present, the construction of ITS has become an important trend in modern society, and the efficiency and convenience of transportation can be improved through the application of ITS and the implementation of optimization strategies. By optimizing line planning and design, rationalizing train operation schedules, and implementing intelligent scheduling and operation management to reduce congestion and increase operation speed and frequency, the efficiency of the overall rail transit system can be improved to provide more efficient, convenient, and safe travel options for residents, enterprises, and tourists, and to promote the economic development and sustainable urban development of the Greater Bay Area.


This paper evaluates the use of the compressible Navier-Stokes equations, with prescribed zero velocities, as a model for heat transfer in solids. In particular in connection with conjugate heat tr ...


Purpose – Hospital‐acquired infection (HAI) poses important health and financial problems for society. Understanding the causes of infection in hospital care is strategically important for hospital administration for formulating effective infection control programs. The purpose of this paper is to show that hospital length of stay (LOS) and the probability of developing an infection are interdependent.Design/methodology/approach – A two‐equation model was specified for hospital LOS and the incidence of infection. Using the patient‐level data of hospital discharge in the State of New Jersey merged with other data, the parameters of the two equations were estimated using a simultaneous estimation method.Findings – It was found that extending the LOS by one day increases the probability of catching an infection by 1.37 percent and the onset of infection increases average LOS by 9.32 days. The estimation indicates that HAI elongates LOS increasing the cost of a hospital stay.Research limitations/implications ...


Abstract In terms of aggregate accuracy, whether it is worth the effort of modelling a disaggregate process, instead of forecasting the aggregate directly, depends on the properties of the data. Forecasting the aggregate directly and forecasting each of the components separately, however, are not the only options. This paper develops a framework to forecast an aggregate that dynamically chooses groupings of components based on the properties of the data to benefit from both the advantages of aggregation and disaggregation. With this objective in mind, the dimension of the problem is reduced by selecting a subset of possible groupings through the use of agglomerative hierarchical clustering. The definitive forecast is then produced based on this subset. The results from an empirical application using CPI data for France, Germany and the UK suggest that the grouping methods can improve both aggregate and disaggregate accuracy.


Ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) in nearby galaxies have X-ray luminosities of 1039–1041 erg s−1, and are possibly intermediate mass black holes of 102–105M☉. NGC 1313 X-2 is an extreme ULX with a maximum luminosity of 3 × 1040 erg s−1, and a frequent target of X-ray and optical observations. Here we report our Hubble Space Telescope Guest Observer (GO) program to monitor its optical counterpart in a search of its period. The 20 monitoring observations over three weeks exhibited periodic modulations at the 6σ level with a period of P = 6.12 ± 0.16 days and an amplitude of A = 0.102 ±  0.016 mag. The periodicity is understood as from the orbital motion of the gravitationally distorted secondary that is unevenly irradiated by the X-ray radiation from the primary accretion disk. This is the first photometric period ever discovered for a ULX counterpart. The periodicity rules out a radiation mechanism through relativistic beaming effects. Combined with the photometry, the periodicity suggests that the secondary is most likely a giant branch star with a mass of 11.3–21.0 M☉ and a radius of 14.4–18.3R☉.


Project-based learning (PBL), which is increasingly supported by information technologies (IT), contributes to fostering student-directed scientific inquiry of problems in a real-world setting. This study investigated the integration of PBL in an IT environment into three undergraduate chemistry courses, each including both experimental and control students. Students in the experimental group volunteered to carry out an individual IT-based project, whereas the control students solved only traditional problems. The project included constructing computerized molecular models, seeking information on scientific phenomena, and inquiring about chemistry theories. The effect of the PBL was examined both quantitatively and qualitatively. The quantitative analysis was based on a pretest, a posttest, and a final examination, which served for comparing the learning gains Correspondence to: Yehudit Judy Dori; e-mail: email@example.com C © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


Abstract : This report presents papers on metal mechanical properties resulting from research sponsored by the Office of Naval Research at the University of Pennsylvania.


Abstract : An attempt was made to replicate the Dahl and McCubbin (1974-1975) finding that the children of American prisoners of war repatriated from Vietnam scored below the California Test of Personality (CTP) norms on social and personal adjustment. Results indicated no significant differences between the RPW children and a matched control group on any of the CTP scales. Further analyses revealed that the control children were also below the CTP norms on social and personal adjustment. The meaningfulness of the original Dahl and McCubbin (1974-1975) finding was challenged on the basis that the 1953 normative data were obsolete. (Author)


Currently, antimicrobial resistance has become one of the most significant difficulties in terms of antibiotic treatment, due to the evolution of the microorganisms most likely to proliferate in various environments. The purpose of this study is to determine the antimicrobial resistance of isolated pathogenic bacteria in crops in the Chambo river basin, which shows the existence of multiresistant pathogens, being the leading cause of infections in the gastrointestinal tract in the agricultural population. The research is descriptive, presents a cross-sectional field and cohort design. The collection of crops distributed in six geographical points was executed; for the microbiological analysis, it was necessary to measure the ambient temperature and altitude. For bacterial isolation and identification, Blood agar, McConkey, and CLED were used, together with biochemical and physiological tests to classify bacteria by gender and species. The colony isolation technique measured susceptibility and antimicrobial resistance and using the Kirby-Bauer method. The acquired results show the presence of 6 bacteria of clinical interest: 5 gram-negative, enterobacteria (83.3%) among them: Citrobacter freundii, Citrobacter amalonaticus, Enterobacter cloacae, Proteus Vulgaris, Klebsiella oxytoca and only one gram-positive (16.7%): Enterococcus faecalis respectively. The majority of the bacteria showed resistance to 3rd generation carbapenems and cephalosporins, showing the inducible AmpC beta-lactamase mechanism, to a lesser extent, resistance against 2nd generation cephalosporins, penicillin, and glycopeptides. Finally, it follows that the Chambo River is contaminated by bacteria that are resistant


Until recently, many of the numerous books on child care seemed designed to create guilt feelings in parents rather than desirable personality development in children. A parent who feels guilty will eventually resent the child who occasioned this feeling, and will be unable to give him love and emotional security. Very different is this book by Chess, Thomas, and Birch. They did not start by formulating theories based on observations of disturbed adults, but instead carried out a long-term research project on children's personality development. From birth to school age, 231 New York children (136 from nativeborn college-educated parents, and 95 from Puerto Rican working-class families) were carefully observed. Babies differed in activity levels, regularity, tendencies to approach or withdraw from new situations, adaptability to change, level of sensory threshold, mood, intensity of response, distractability, persistence. The investigations studied the interactions between these characteristics of the baby's temperament and the


Sending astronauts to and from the Moon is a special challenge not only for space vehicle development but also for the production of new operational concepts for ground support. The Columbus module, the first European manned spacecraft to be monitored and controlled in orbit for a lengthy period of time, clearly demonstrates the necessity for a control centre. The complexity of a space station does not allow the astronaut to be an expert of everything residing on the station. As such, specific expertise and operational
support from the ground is needed. In case of an exploration of the Moon from a permanent Moon base, the complexity is expected to be even higher. Particularly the higher and more elaborate transportation needs and the harsh environment of the Moon offer additional challenges compared to the ISS.


Paragon Engineering and Eastman Chemical designed a ground-breaking integrity management plan to ensure the safety of the area near its East Texas pipeline.


A 64‐year‐old white man was admitted to the hospital with a nonhealing abdominal eruption. He denied insect bites, recent travel, fever, or chills. One year prior to admission, he had been diagnosed with diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) in the retroperitoneum, which initially responded to chemotherapy, including eight cycles of rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R‐CHOP). Six months later, he presented with renal failure and was found to have ureteral compression from a recurrent retroperitoneal mass. Biopsy of this mass again revealed DLBCL positive for CD20, CD10, and CD79a and negative for CD3, CD5, and Cam5.2 by immunohistochemistry. Chemotherapy with R‐CHOP was resumed, and his renal function normalized.


The purpose of this volume is to bring together in easily accessible form up-to-date mortality statistics for cancer
for the Republic of Ireland. Because of small numbers in many of the malignant neoplasms studied rates and
standardised mortality ratios (SMR) have been calculated for the I I year period 1976-86. Basic data only is
presented: it is planned to produce a further volume with detailed analysis of the patterns of cancer seen, discussion
of certification and coding of cancer for statistical purposes and comparison with statistics from other countries.
Sources of Data
The primary source of data for mortality statistics is the death cenificate, a copy of which is shown as Appendix 1.
The cause of death registered for statistical purposes is the underlying cause of death and is that diagnosis
described on the death certificate as antecedent cause of death; if a malignant neoplasm is recorded as antecedent
cause of death under (b) or (c) that death is included in national mortality statistics as being due to cancer.
The registration and coding of cause of death is carried out in the Registrar General's Office; all deaths are
coded according to the rubric of the International Classification of Diseases (1,2) and are assigned three or four
digit codes, - in the case of malignant neoplasms ICD 140-208.9 inclusive. Statistics are collated and analysed
in the Central Statistics Office (CSO) and annual repons on vital statistics are published; the most recent report
available to the authors was for 1985 (3).


Evidence suggests that β-blocker, diuretic, or statin use increases risk for new-onset diabetes. In this reanalysis of the randomized, controlled


The article assesses the scientific activities of the Khabarovsk branch of the S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution (Branch) for the period from 1988 to 2023. Over the past 35-year period, the ophthalmologists of the Branch defended 20 dissertations: 16 – for the degree of Candidate of Medical Sciences, 4 – for the degree of Doctor of Medical Sciences. The branch is successfully developing a direction devoted to the study of patterns of changes in the organ of vision during normal and complicated pregnancy, to prevent the development of ocular complications. Within the framework of this scientific problem, two dissertations were defended (doctor of medical sciences O.V. Kolenko). Currently, a study of the patterns of changes in the retina in pregnant women with diabetes mellitus is being carried out (candidate of medical sciences N.V. Pomytkina). For 1988–2023 more than 2,100 scientific publications were made by the doctors of the Branch, including 480 articles in scientific peer-reviewed journals recommended by the Higher Attestation Commission of the Russian Federation with an impact factor of over 0.3 («Ophthalmosurgery», «Bulletin of Ophthalmology», «Siberian Scientific Medical Journal», «National Journal glaucoma», «BC. Clinical ophthalmology», etc.), more than 1600 articles and abstracts have been published in collections of scientific papers of leading ophthalmological scientific and practical conferences held in various subjects of the Russian Federation. 17 monographs have been published, 47 teaching aids for ophthalmologists have been created, including 15 manuals labeled EMA, 182 patents of the Russian Federation for inventions have been received, about 500 rationalization proposals have been registered. More than 1000 reports were presented at scientific conferences of various levels (with international participation, all-Russian, regional). We presented 127 reports at congresses outside the Russian Federation. Ophthalmologists of the Branch actively participate in the work of the annual ophthalmological congresses in Europe and the USA, where they present their innovative developments. Over the past period, significant results have been achieved in scientific activity, the own scientific school of ophthalmological personnel is actively developing in the Far East region of the Russian Federation. Active scientific activity encourages the doctors of the Branch to constant professional growth in order to increase the possibilities of timely detection and effective treatment of vision pathology among residents of the Far East region. Keywords: scientific activity, S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, dissertations, articles


This study aims to analyze the students' mathematical problem-solving characteristics based on cognitive style that is field independent, field dependent, reflective, and impulsive. Fourty-five students of VIII grade at PGRI 5 Junior High School were involved. The students were given 4 descriptive math problems. The result showed that the characteristics of independent field cognitive style showed that could understand the problems, determined the right problem planning, careless in solving, and did not re-check the answer. The subject could solve questions faster than the specified time, but the answer was wrong. For the characteristics of field dependent cognitive style, they could understand the problems, determined the right problem planning, careless in solving, and did not re-check the answer. The subject could not solve questions on time, but the answers tended to be correct. For the characteristics of reflective cognitive style, they did not understand the problems, determined the right problem planning, quite careless in solving, and did not re-check the answer. The subject could solve questions faster than the specified time, but the answer was wrong. For the characteristics of impulsive cognitive style, they did not understand the problems, determined the right problem planning, quite careless in solving, and did not re-check the answer. The subject could solve questions on time, but the answers tended to be wrong.


Modern neural networks [e.g., Deep Neural Networks (DNNs)] have recently gained increasing attention for visible image classification tasks. Their success mainly results from capabilities in learning a complex feature mapping of inputs (i.e., feature representation) that carries images manifold structure relevant to the task. Despite the current popularity of these techniques, they are training-costly with Back-propagation (BP) based iteration rules. Here, we advocate a lightweight feature representation framework termed as Guided Random Projection (GRP), which is closely related to the classical random neural networks and randomization-based kernel machines. Specifically, we present an efficient optimization method that explicitly learns the distribution of random hidden weights instead of time-consuming fine-tuning or task-independent randomization configurations. Further, we also report the detailed mechanisms of the GRP with subspace theories. Experiments were conducted on visible image classification benchmarks to evaluate our claims. It shows that the proposed method achieves reasonable accuracy improvement (more than 2%) with moderate training cost (seconds level) compared with other randomization methods.


Chalcogenide alloys SbxSey are being applied to phase-change, reversible optical storage. The non- stoichiometric compound are researched displaying their interesting phenomena before and after anneal in a furnace, which were characterized by the X-ray diffraction technology. The composition of the Se richer than Sb will result the film in amorphous state in the room temperature evaporation. The Sb2Se3 crystallized out from the non-stoichiometric alloys have the lower crystallization temperature compared with the stoichiometric alloys Sb2Se3. Double layers consisting of Sb film deposited on Se film was investigated which revealed its special characteristics. The sublimation and the diffusion of the atoms during annealing in the lower temperature have the important effects on the material's crystallization behavior, the great kinetic energy of the atoms will result in the crystallization of Se and Sb2Se3 and, the lower crystallization temperature is just what we expected in the laser recording and for the optical-data storage. An important conclusion can be made from the experiments, the crystallization can be finished by adjacent atomic diffusion. The reason for optical crystallization is also discussed.


Biometric verification and identification methods of medical images can be used to find possible inconsistencies in patient records. Such methods may also be useful for forensic research. In this work we present a method for identifying patients by their hand radiographs. We use active appearance model representations presented before [1] to extract 64 shape features per bone from the metacarpals, the proximal, and the middle phalanges. The number of features was reduced to 20 by applying principal component analysis. Subsequently, a likelihood ratio classifier [2] determines whether an image potentially belongs to another patient in the data set. Firstly, to study the symmetry between both hands, we use a likelihood-ratio classifier to match 45 left hand images to a database of 44 (matching) right hand images and vice versa. We found an average equal error probability of 6.4%, which indicates that both hand shapes are highly symmetrical. Therefore, to increase the number of samples per patient, the distinction between left and right hands was omitted. Secondly, we did multiple experiments with randomly selected training images from 24 patients. For several patients there were multiple image pairs available. Test sets were created by using the images of three different patients and 10 other images from patients that were in the training set. We estimated the equal error rate at 0.05%. Our experiments suggest that the shapes of the hand bones contain biometric information that can be used to identify persons.


Self-consistent field theory was used to provide state-of-the-art theoretical predictions, including the effects of electronic correlation, of the relative energies of planar and tetrahedral dilithiomethane in its lowest singlet and triplet electronic states. The basis set used in the approach was of double zeta plus polarization (DZ+P) quality and may be precisely designated C(9s 5p 1d/4s 2p 1d), Li(9s 4p/4s 2p), H(4s 1p/2s 1p). The predicted structures are in qualitative agreement with previous work. The C-Li distances are all longer, from 0.058 to 0.100 A, and the LiCLi bond angles are from 0.2 to 4.7/sup 0/ (planar triplet) larger. There is tentative agreement that the singlet LiCLi bond angles are much greater than the comparable triplet angles.


Most surface waters contain varying amounts of suspended solids, including silt, clay, bacteria, viruses, etc. It is necessary to remove these prior to distribution to domestic or industrial customers. Sedimentation and filtration are the principal treatment processes. These are discussed in detail. Also discussed is the removal of colloidal particles by coagulation and flocculation. Lime and lime-soda processes, and ion exchange are used to control hardness of water. Data on taste and odor control methods, as well as removal of organic compounds, iron and manganese, which impact on water quality, are given.

Keywords:

Municipal water;
Sedimentation;
Filtration;
Coagulation;
Flocculation;
Softening;
Taste;
Odor;
Organic compounds;
Iron;
Manganese;
Ion exchange


A molecular electronic device that preserves the integrity of active molecules during the processing layer of the electronic device manufacturing process is started. In one aspect, the barrier layer is provided to protect the molecule layer sandwiched between the ground wiring and an upper wiring layer during the patterning of the upper wiring layer from degradation. A molecular electronic device structure, and the memory system is formed from a manufacturing process are disclosed.


We present a formula for a boundary control law which stabilizes the parabolic profile of an infinite channel flow, which is linearly unstable for high Reynolds numbers. Also known as the Poiseuille flow, this problem is frequently cited as a paradigm for transition to turbulence, whose stabilization for arbitrary Reynolds numbers, without using discretization, has so far been an open problem. Our result achieves exponential stability in the L2, H1, and H2 norms, for the linearized Navier-Stokes equations. Explicit solutions are obtained for the closed loop system. This is the first time explicit formulae are produced for solutions of the linearized Navier-Stokes equations in a channel flow, with feedback in the boundary conditions used to make this possible. The result is presented for the 2D case for clarity of exposition. An extension to 3D is available and will be presented in a future publication.


The authors develop a robust position/force controller based on the impedance approach without requiring exact knowledge of the robot dynamics. The controller is designed so that a desired positional trajectory can be followed along the surface of the environment while the forces exerted on the environmental surface are regulated according to a target impedance. A global exponential stability result is obtained for the position tracking error and the force regulation error (i.e. the error between the actual manipulator impedance and the desired target impedance). The controller only requires measurement of the end effector force, joint velocity, and joint position.<<ETX>>


A theoretical study was carried out on transient behavior of a cavitating pump system during sudden opening or closure of the discharge valve. Assuming that the transient pump performance is quasi-steady, the system dynamics were determined in a simple fashion for the quick valve opening case. A characteristics method was applied to the transient behavior in the quick valve closure case under the assumption of quasi-steady pump performance. Calculated pressure as well as flow rate at transient agreed well with the measured values. Moreover it is shown that unsteady fluctuations of pressure and flow rate are caused by cavitation behavior during a sharp increase in flow rate, and mainly by a water hammer with water column separation during a sharp decrease in flow rate.


The correlated Einstein model (CEM) is a new approach to the problem of determining the equilibrium properties of anharmonic solids. It is based on the use of the zeroth-order term in an expansion for the average of a product of one- and two-particle functions, where the average is a classical canonical average for a system of independent Einstein oscillators. The parameters that characterize the oscillators are chosen so that the first- and second-order terms in the expansion vanish. A diagrammatic representation of the expansion is given. Explicit formulas for determining the Helmholtz free energy of a monatomic cubic crystal are given and are evaluated both for a Lennard-Jones and a $\frac{1}{{r}^{12}}$ potential. The results obtained are compared with available Monte Carlo values. The CEM is found to be at least as accurate as the uncorrelated-pairs approximation, the cell-cluster method, the simple cell model, and improved self-consistent phonon theory.


Abstract The aim of this article is to present a hypothesis explaining the origin of plastic meaning. In visual semiotics, plastic meaning is that produced by visual configurations per se, i.e. independently from what they represent. This meaning can be assimilated to the kind of effects studied by (Arnheim, R. 1954/1974. Art and visual perception: A psychology of the creative eye, 2nd edn. Berkeley, Los Angeles, and London: University of California Press). In his book The Body In the Mind, (Johnson, M. 1987. The body in the mind. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press) is the first to propose that image schemas and their metaphorical projections could be used to explain some of these visual effects. Nevertheless, I think that his approach presents some shortcomings. Above all, Johnson's examples always concern cases in which visual stimuli match an image schema, while Arnheim's observations are mostly about effects of tension and dynamism generated by a conflict with our expectations. I will propose that, to complete Johnson's proposal, we need an inferential theory of aesthetic experience, derived from Meyer's and Eco's works. This theory would explain how expectations and their verifications can produce different kinds of tension and arousal, the basic mechanisms of plastic meaning.


....................................................................................................................vii CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION.................................................................................. 1 An Overview of Pancreatic Cancer ....................................................................... 1 Immune Responses in Pancreatic Cancer ................................................. 3 Hematopoiesis and Lymphocyte Development ..................................................... 5 Antigen Presenting Cells ............................................................................ 7 T cells ......................................................................................................... 7 CD4 T cells ..................................................................................... 8 CD8 T cells ..................................................................................... 9 Regulatory T cells .......................................................................... 11 Transcription Factors and Hematopoiesis ........................................................... 13 An Overview of the Ikaros Family ............................................................. 14 An Overview of Ikaros .............................................................................. 15 Ikaros Expression .......................................................................... 18 Ikaros and Hematological Malignancies ........................................ 19 Ikaros and Solid Cancers............................................................... 19 Ikaros and Gene Regulation .......................................................... 20 Ikaros and T cells........................................................................... 21 Post-Translational Modifications of Ikaros ..................................... 22 Protein Kinase CK2 ............................................................................................. 25 CK2 Inhibitors ........................................................................................... 27 Protein Phosphatase I (PP1)............................................................................... 30 An Overview of Proteolysis ................................................................................. 31 Protein Degradation and the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System .................... 32 Content of the Dissertation and Central Hypothesis ........................................... 34 References ....................................................................................................... 35 CHAPTER TWO: MATERIALS AND METHODS........................................................... 74 Cell Culture.......................................................................................................... 74 Mice..................................................................................................................... 75 Single cell Suspension of Spleens ...................................................................... 76 Western Blotting .................................................................................................. 77 Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) ............................. 78


Scientific theory is considered as a result of knowledge of reality and a tool in obtaining scien-tific knowledge. The article highlights assumptions underlying the construction of a scientific theory.


Professor T. W. Edgeworth David, B.A.,
F.G.S., one of Australia's most distinguished
geologists, has kindly sent me a
copy of an interesting paper read by him
before the Royal Society of New South
Wales in the year 1893, regarding the
occurrence of "Sill Structure" in the
eruptive rocks of that colony.
It has additional interest for Tasmanian
geologists, inasmuch as it raises the
question at the head of this paper, viz.
—
" Are all the Colossal Igneous Caps of the
Tasmanian Tiers, and of the Lofty Mountain
Plateaux — such as Ben Lomond, Mount
Wellington, and the Great Plateaux of the
Lake Country - True Sills ?


Introduction ......................................................................................289 I. Should Internet Patents Exist?............................................296 II. Something Short of Business Method Patents?.................324 III. A New "Competitive Arts" Regime.........................................331 IV. What Do We Do in the Meantime (or While Waiting for Godot)?..............................................348 Conclusion..........................................................................................361


Through the use of the time‐ordered perturbation expansion, an operator equation for the time‐dependent perturbation problem, of the same form as occurs in the time‐independent problem, is generated. Thus, a variational method can be used to study the time‐dependent case as well as the time‐independent case. This variational method is used to recover the Dirac expansion as an example of a solution in series form, and it is also used to develop a simple (approximate) analytic solution as an example of a solution in closed form.


Integrated enclosures, rarely applied in practice, are useful in the reduction of the excessive noisiness of machines and equipment. They are especially important for the machinery requiring constant and direct operation and maintenance, for which the application of other enclosures (e.g., fully closed) is inadmissible. Results of the sound insulation investigations of new types of partitions designed for the construction of integrated enclosure elements have been presented in the paper. Several specimens of partitions, which, according to their acoustic properties belong either to single (homogeneous and heterogeneous) or to multiple partitions (consisting of single, mixed and layered ones), were prepared for experiments. Double partitions with air cavities either empty or filled with sound absorptive materials, rigid, elastic, or granular absorbers (damping the airborne and material sound levels), appeared to be the main solution. The best partitions were used in the prototype of the integrated enclosur...


PURPOSE: A user input apparatus, display apparatus including the same, and control method thereof are provided to effectively input text using a switch for a push input method and a touch sensing pad. CONSTITUTION: A touch sensing pad(10) is classified to plural areas(A). A switch unit(30) receives a push input signal by utilizing the touch sensing pad. A signal control unit outputs touch movement information on a display apparatus through a signal transmission unit when touch movement is occurred on the touch sensing panel. The signal control unit outputs the location information of a push input area to the display apparatus through the signal transmission unit.


1. The intensity of supplemental light which affects the flower initial and vegetative growth of strawberry was studied using varieties Kogyoku and Red Star. The range of intensity of artificial light used was 2 to 100 luxes. The long day treatment (24 hours: all-night illumination in addition to natural day-length) was applied from September 1 to October 31.2. The limit of light intensity which is able to inhibit the flower bud differentiation differs between the varieties. It seems to be about 20 luxes in Red Star and 10_??_20 luxes in Kogyoku.3. The stronger the intensity of supplemental light, the more vigorous the vegetative growth, especially the growth of the crown. The limit of light intensity effective to vegetative growth seemed to be about 10 luxes.