The 20S proteasome is the major non-lysosomal proteolytic system in eukaryotic cells, and it plays a key role in the degradation of most cellular proteins. Proteasome is characterised by a barrel-like structure, composed of four stacked rings, each of which contains seven subunits. The two outer rings contain α subunits (α1–α7), while the two inner rings β subunits (β1–β7). The catalytic sites are associated with the β1c, β2c and β5c subunits, which are responsible for the caspase-like (C-L), trypsin-like (T-L) and chymotrypsin-like (ChT-L) activities, respectively . Vertebrates specialised generation I and TNF-α, β1i ChT-L hydrophobic an EC =17.8 µM against MM.1R cells. Compound 6 inhibited also ubiquitinated protein degradation and was able to act on different phases of MM cell cycle reducing the levels of cyclin A/CDK1, cyclin B/CDK1 and cyclin D/CDK4/6 complexes, which turns in cell cycle arrest. To test the inhibitory effect on proteasome activity, ubiquitin, cyclins, CDK, NF-kB and pNF-kB were assessed by western blot. Cells were seeded in 6-well plates and tested with the compounds ( 5 – 6 ) at the doses of 10 and 20 µM, based on the IC results. After 24 h, cells were collected and protein extracted for analysis. Protein extraction and western blot analysis were performed as previously described . Briefly, a total of 15 µg of proteins were loaded in each lane and specific antibodies were used to detect ubiquitin (Abcam, Cambridge, UK), cyclin A, cyclin B, cyclin D1, CDK1, CDK4/6, NF-kB, pNF-kB, PARP, and Caspase-3 (Cell Signaling, Danvers, MA, United States). Beta actin (Cell Signaling), was used on stripped blots as loading control. The images have been acquired using a dedicated software and densitometric data were expressed as integrated intensity and reported as means and SEM. All data are expressed as means ± SD Comparisons between different treatments were analysed by one-way or two-way ANOVA for non-parametric variables with Tukey's post-test for intergroup comparisons. The possibility of error was set at p < .05 and it was considered statistically significant. All analyses were performed using Stata/IC 12.0 (StataCorp LP, College Station, TX). Graphs were drawn using GraphPad Prism (version 5.0 for Windows).


The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of adolescent's self-esteem and psychological separation from parents on their interpersonal competence. The study sample consisted of 625 high school students in Seoul, Korea who completed a self-administered questionnaire. The data were analyzed using t-tests, correlations, and hierarchical regression analysis. The main findings were as follows. First, the level of interpersonal competence differed by gender. Second, a higher level of interpersonal competence among adolescents was significantly correlated with a higher level of adolescent's positive self-esteem, lower level of adolescent's negative self-esteem, and higher level of psychological separation. Third, positive self-esteem was the most significant predictor of adolescents' interpersonal competence, followed by parent's regulation. Overall, the results suggest that self-esteem is very important to promote positive interpersonal competence among adolescents. Therefore, programs to address such issues are strongly needed.


Based on ground-based Doppler radar data with high spatial and temporal resolution, our study focuses on rapid intensification (RI) of a sheared tropical cyclone (TC). The asymmetric inner-core structure and its impact on RI are presented using the Advanced Regional Prediction System-3DVAR. The time evolution of the TC inner-core characteristics shows that Meranti experiences two stages of RI: the asymmetric dominant period and the axisymmetric dominant period. The comparison between the two RI stages shows that the vortex intensified more in the asymmetric stage than the axisymmetric stage. The wavenumber-1 component introduced by the vertical wind shear dominates the asymmetric structure. In the moderate-to-strong shear environment, deep convection occurs mainly in the downshear-left quadrant, generating substantial diabatic heating in the downshear region. Under a suitable inner-core structure configuration, the downshear vortices are entrained cyclonically inward, resulting in RI. It is the interaction between the axisymmetric inner-core structure of the TC and the mesoscale vortex that controls the intensification process, which can be replicated by the nondivergent barotropic model with a similar initial field. This infrequent case provided observation of RI during a strong shear period, which suggests that the inner core structure is vital for TC RI.


This article examines the periods of military sociology in Russia. The Russian State system of periods of the military sociology had an effect on the evolution of sociology as a science and as an educational discipline in Russia. These periods include a pre-revolutionary period, a post-revolutionary period, soviet I, soviet II, and a modern period.


Living standard of citizen and economic growth depends entirely on infrastructural development and exchange rate stability in a nation, therefore, the foreign exchange rate volatility on infrastructural development in Nigeria, 1986-2020.was examined with contradictory empirical. Central Bank of Nigeria provides the dataset analysed by ARCH/GARCH model along-side with vector model. Empirical findings revealed both negative and positive relationship with capital expenditures resulting from exchange rate and total exports on capital expenditures, as total imports have positive impact. There is negative impact between external debt service payment and capital expenditures. Co-integrating coefficient revealed a slow adjustment speed parameter of about 21 percent. The ARCH/GARCH estimates revealed that exchange rate is controlled by its own GARCH components rather than ARCH factors or shocks. Therefore, exchange rate volatility determined its own shocks by GARCH. The study recommends that policy inconsistency regarding exchange rate volatility should be discouraged and infrastructural development should be prioritised by the three tiers of government as it is germane to welfare and living standard of the citizen.


Abstract. Terrestrial ecliptic dayside observations of the exospheric Lyman-α column intensity between 3–15 Earth radii (Re) by UVIS/HDAC at CASSINI have been analysed to derive the neutral exospheric H-density profile at the Earth's ecliptic dayside in this radial range. The data were measured during CASSINIS's swing by manoeuvre at the Earth on 18 August 1999 and are published by (Werner et al., 2004). In this study the dayside HDAC Lyman-α observations published by (Werner et al., 2004) are compared to calculated Lyman-α intensities based on the 3D H-density model derived from TWINS Lyman-α observations between 2008–2010 (Zoennchen et al., 2015). It was found, that both Lyman-α profiles show a very similar radial dependence in particular between 3–8 Re. Between 3.0–5.5 Re impact distance Lyman-α observations of both TWINS and UVIS/HDAC are existing at the ecliptic dayside. In this overlapping region the cross-calibration of the HDAC profile against the calculated TWINS profile was done, assuming, that the exosphere there was similar for both due to comparable space weather conditions. As result of the cross-calibration the conversion factor between counts/s and Rayleigh fc = 3.285 [counts/s/R] is determined for these HDAC observations. Using this factor the radial H-density profile for the Earths ecliptic dayside was derived from the UVIS/HDAC observations, which constrained the neutral H-density there at 10 Re to a value of 35 cm−3. Furthermore, a faster radial H-density decrease was found at distances above 8 Re (≈ r−3) compared to the lower distances 3–7 Re (≈ r−2.37). This increased loss of neutral H above 8 Re might indicate a higher rate of H ionization in the vicinity of the magnetopause at 9–11 Re (near sub solar point) and beyond, because of increasing charge exchange interactions of exospheric H atoms with solar wind ions outside the magnetosphere.


Background: Machine learning models are sometimes embedded in software to implement the required functions. As a result, non-experts in machine learning are becoming familiar with the models. However, the interpretability of the built models is often low in machine learning, such as deep learning, and the recognition process of such models is very different from that of humans. Therefore, it is not easy for novice users, such as end-users and beginners, to anticipate the behavior of models that they will use or build. Aim: We assist novice users to realize an aspect of the behavior of machine learning models relating to robustness intuitively. Method: We formalized and evaluated quiz-based analysis, which is often applied by practitioners to test the robustness of machine learning models arbitrarily. To generate test cases of the models, the analysis converts images towards the boundary of classification for both machine learning and humans. It can be regarded as a type of boundary value analysis of software development. Results: In the experiment, we evaluated whether the analysis quantitatively clarified the aspects of the models. The analysis clarified the robustness of the model for image conversion and misclassification quantitatively. Conclusion: The analysis is expected to enlighten novice users on the behavior of machine learning models. This may promote behavioral changes in the evaluation of models for novice users.


THE PATTERN of behavior which is shown by the white rat at the time of estrus is composed of the copulatory response given on stimulation by the male (Stone, 1922; Hemmingsen, 1933; Ball, 1937; Blandau, Boling and Young, 1941), often a male-like mounting activity (Long and Evans, 1922; Hemmingsen, 1933; Beach, 1938; Beach and Rasquin, 1942; Ball, 1940), and a greatly increased running activity (Wang, 1923; Slonaker, 1924; Hemmingsen, 1933). The latter behavior has been induced in spayed females by treatment with a variety of naturally occurring estrogens and synthetic substances having estrogenic properties (Bugbee and Simond, 1926; Wang, cited by Richter, 1927; Hemmingsen, 1933; Richter, 1934; Richter and Hartman, 1934; Hemmingsen and Krarup, 1937) and, although the amount of activity following treatment did not always equal that shown prior to ovariectomy (Bugbee and Simond, 1926; Slonaker, 1927; Hemingsen, 1933; Hemmingsen and Krarup, 1937), the opinion is held generally that the running activity assoc...


Since the gas occurred in shale with various states,during the evaluation of shale gas resources,it is necessary that the containing gas abilities in shale with different occurrence states are characterized quantitatively.Based on the isothermal adsorption experiment of shale,the adsorption gas ability of shale with different organic matter abundance and maturity is evaluated. Through the temperature and pressure correction,the adsorption gas ability of shale is available at any temperature and pressure. Using the Vasquez-Beggs model,the ability of oil dissolved gas is evaluated in geological conditions. Then on the basic of the shale gas content proportion in different occurrence states,the free gas amount can be calculated. The results show that the adsorption gas amount is mainly restricted by the organic matter content when the pressure achieved a certain value. Except the temperature,the pressure and the oil quantity,the solubility of gas in crude oil is also very important. From the evaluation of Shuangyang formation in Yitong Basin,the resource of shale gas is about 5 703. 74 × 108m3. The most of which is adsorption gas. The second is the free gas. The amount of dissolved gas in oil is less,and it is only about 165. 54 ×108m3.


How do we study the social not as something outside of us that is fixed eternal but rather as contingent, conjectural, and yet patterned and patterning? And if we take this seriously, how do we und...


In recent years there has been a significant increase in research on biomedical applications of nanoparticles. They have attracted much attention due


This paper discusses the contributions of W. Edwards Deming in the field of engineering management. Deming believed that successful managers need to have adequate knowledge in the fields of theory of variation, appreciation for a system, theory of knowledge, and psychology. Deming found that many organizations have barriers that prevent people from doing a good job. He identified a few of these barriers as the focus on short-term profits, the demoralization of workers through policies that rank and rate people, inconsistent instructions, inadequate training, poor tools, setting arbitrary numerical goals instead of developing methods for improvement, creating fear to speak up, fear to take risks, fear to ask questions, fear of ridicule and humiliation, and fear of change.


Here we report two patients with gastrointestinal (GI) metastases from breast cancer (BC) and provide a brief summary of the characteristics and management of this rare clinical entity (the main studies are summarized in Table 1).


A continuous power flow (CPF) calculation method for the islanded microgrids with droop control is proposed in this paper. The starting point of CPF is solved by the modified factored load flow algorithm. The algorithm ensures the robustness of the starting point calculation with a two-step solution. The tangent prediction method and the Newton-Raphson method are used to determine the prediction and correction steps. Further, this paper proposes an adaptive step size control method based on frequency variation, which avoids the comparison among different nodal voltage magnitudes. In addition, node type switching is considered for handling the limit violations of PV nodes and droop nodes. The case analysis shows that the proposed CPF method has high efficiency and strong robustness.


An important component in the daily preparation of nutritious food, as well as in the preservation of products, is spicy-aromatic plants. Essential oils and other physiologically active substances included in their composition excite the activity of the gustatory and digestive organs, cause appetite, enhance digestibility, favorably affect metabolism, the activity of the nervous and cardiovascular systems, and the general condition of a person. In order to obtain renewable raw materials that preserve the group chemical composition and biological activity, this review examines a promising direction of a biotechnological method for obtaining a product — hydroponics. Some advantages of using this method in the cultivation of medicinal plants have been identified. In most hydroponic systems, there is constant access to the roots, which allows you to solve possible problems with pathogens. It was found that if the health of the plant is strengthened, then productivity and yield will increase. And in the field of nutrition, many analyzes have been carried out, which consistently demonstrate a large, often twofold increase in the amount of vitamins and mineral salts. This also applies to the active substances in medicinal plants. The directions of further study are also clearly defined.


SIGCSE has a rich heritage, based on talented and energetic members who are deeply committed to computing education. Building on this distinguished history, SIGCSE announces a new initiative: the creation of Committees to support the computing-education community. These Committees will draw upon the active involvement o f interested SIGCSE members. In dialog with its membership, SIGCSE will identify important current topics o f interest to the computingeducation community. For each topic, through its elected officers, SIGCSE will create a separate Committee. While these Committees will be largely self-directed, some guidelines will provide structure and guidance: • Membership on any Committee will he open to any SIGCSE member, although • The SIGCSE Board will appoint 2-4 facilitators for each Committee to help in discussions and in the preparation of draft materials. • Each Committee will have its own list serve for communication. • Each Committee will study its topic with the intent o f producing a report. • While formal Committee work would proceed electronically, Committee members might meet informally at conferences (e.g., at Birds-of-aFeather sessions), for those members who can attend • Committees are invited to present draft reports at conferences or to post their drafts on the Web in order to received feedback. • Final reports may be presented at conferences and/or published in the SIGCSE Bulletin. • After issuing a report, a Committee normally would dissolve, although a new Committee might be formed (possibly with new facilitators) to address related matters. Copyright is held by the author/owner(s). SIGCSE'02, February 27March 3, 2002, Covington, Kentucky, USA. ACM 1-58113-473-8/02/0002. 368 Altogether the SIGCSE Board views these Committees as following a process that is a cross between the approaches used by the ITiCSE Working Groups and the ACM/IEEECS Task Force for Computing Curriculum 2001. Each of these bodies focuses on a specific topic, with the goal of producing a final report. Working groups may do some preliminary work before an ITiCSE conference, but a great deal of the main work occurs at the conference -with a short poster session for feedback from conference attendees. The ACM/IEEE-CS Task Force has worked for a longer period -issuing draft documents, presenting interim reports at conferences, appointing numerous subgroups, and meeting extensively to reach a final report. Some Sample Committee Subjects • SIGCSE Committee on an Essential Book List for Undergraduate Libraries • SIGCSE Committee on the High-School/College Interface • SIGCSE Committee on the Two-Year College/University Interface • SIGCSE Committee on Distance Learning Issues Affecting Computing Faculty • SIGCSE Committee on Issues Impacting Underrepresented Groups in Computing • SIGCSE Committee on the Role of Mathematics in Computing • SIGCSE Committee on Faculty Vitality • SIGCSE Committee on the Use of Collaborative Learning in Computing Education • SIGCSE Committee on Student Assessment


We present a design of an acoustic levitator consisting of three pairs of opposite transducer arrays. Three orthogonal standing waves create a large number of acoustic traps at which the particles are levitated in mid-air. By changing the phase difference of transducer arrays, three-dimensional manipulation of particles is successfully realized. Moreover, the relationship between the translation of particles and the phase difference is experimentally investigated, and the result is in agreement with the theoretical calculation. This design can expand the application of acoustic levitation in many fields, such as biomedicine, ultrasonic motor and new materials processing.


A case where both the victim and the assailant are killed on the same day is not common. In this paper, a case is reported where the victim is killed first by the assailant and then the assailant is killed by an angry mob on the same day. The violent nature of the crime, the weapons used and the motives are highlighted here.


The use of ultrasonic tools in paper forming results in highly dynamic mechanical alternating stress, which causes a changed material load. This work aimed to determine the influence of the ultrasonic process parameters of amplitude, ultrasonic time, and static contact pressure and to characterize the material compression during the ultrasonic-assisted forming of paperboard. To achieve this, a method was developed to determine the static, dynamic, and irreversible material compression during the gap-controlled forming of paper. The results showed that the ultrasonic amplitude, the gap pressure, and their second-order interactions had an important influence on the irreversible material compression. With the new method, the irreversible material compression could be increased up to 480% compared to the equivalent static load case.


IL‐33 is a novel cytokine of the IL‐1 family and mediates its biological effect via the receptor ST2, which is selectively expressed on Th2 cells but not Th1 cells. IL‐33 drives production of Th2‐associated cytokines including IL‐5 and IL‐13 and thereby promotes defense and pathology in mucosal organs. Cell locomotion is crucial to the induction of an effective immune response. We report here the chemoattraction of Th2 cells by IL‐33. Recombinant IL‐33 increased the proportion of human Th2 cells, but not Th1 cells, in polarized morphology in vitro and stimulated their subsequent invasion into collagen gels in an IL‐33 concentration‐dependent manner. Injection of recombinant IL‐33 into the footpad of ST2–/– mice which had been adoptively transferred with polarized Th2 cells, led to local accumulation of the transferred Th2 cells. These data therefore demonstrate that IL‐33 is a selective Th2 chemoattractant associated with the pro‐inflammatory property of this novel cytokine.


There is a simple relationship between the diffusion-limited thermal generation leakage current and the result of a point excitation scan experiment on a thin lateral collection photodiode of cylindrical symmetry. This result does not require a knowledge or the determination of minority carrier diffusion lengths. Similarly, the value of the contact recombination velocity is obtainable from the same experiment. Expressions for the minority carrier distributions produced by point-source excitation enable photocurrents for non-uniform illumination to be calculated.


Introduction:The role of urinary biomarkers of kidney injury in the prediction of adverse clinical outcomes in drug-induced chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis (D-CTIN) has not been well described. Methods:A total of 36 patients with D-CTIN were enrolled in the study. The baseline urinary excretion of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), &agr;1-microglobin (&agr;1-MG), albumin (mAlb) and total protein were measured, and estimated glomerular filtration rate change rates within a period of 6 to 33 (mean: 24 months) follow-up months were recorded. Results:Areas under the receiver-operator characteristic curve of urinary NGAL, &agr;1-MG, mAlb and total protein for predicting deterioration of estimated glomerular filtration rate were 0.707, 0.631, 0.685 and 0.678, respectively. The cutoff points that maximized the combined sensitivity and specificity for NGAL, &agr;1-MG, mAlb and total protein were 37.71 ng/mL, 33.20 &mgr;g/mL, 6.91 mg/L and 60.00 mg/L, respectively. At these thresholds, the sensitivity and specificity was 64.7% and 78.9% for NGAL, 66.7% and 50.0% for &agr;1-MG, 80.0% and 50.0% for mAlb and 70.6% and 63.2% for total protein, respectively. The median renal survival time (years) of patients with urinary NGAL level exceeding 37.705 ng/mL was shorter than that of patients with urinary NGAL level below 37.705 ng/mL (1.59 ± 0.79 versus 2.09 ± 0.63, P = 0.040, &khgr;2 = 4.218). Conclusions:Increase of baseline urinary NGAL was better than &agr;1-MG, mAlb and total protein in predicting renal function deterioration in patients with D-CTIN. This noninvasive approach has potential to serve as a practical tool in D-CTIN prognosis.


Racemic 1, l'-diphenyl- 1,1'-( 1, l'-ferrocenediyl)diethanol,
[Fe{(CsH4)C(Ph)MeOH}2] (I), crystallizes as hydrogen-
bonded dimeric aggregates with the Fe atoms on
twofold crystallographic axes and the four O atoms defining
a folded trapezium with O...O distances of 2.784 (2)
(x2), 2.877(3) and 2.795 (4)A. The four hydroxyl H
atoms are disordered equally over two orientations such
that there are two half-occupancy H-atom sites between
each hydrogen-bonded O-atom pair. Racemic 1,1'-(1, l'-
ferrocenediyl)diethanol, [Fe{(CsH4)C(H)MeOH}2] (II),crystallizes as hydrogen-bonded centrosymmetric dimers,
with O...O distances of 2.778 (2) and 2.764 (2) A and ordered hydroxyl H atoms. In (I), the dimers are formed
from either two RR or two SS molecules, while in (II) the
dimers each contain one RR and one SS molecule.


OBJECTIVE
To study the pathological changes of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cases after the treatment of stereotactic radiosurgery.

METHOD
15 cases with recurrent or residual squamous cell carcinoma of nasopharynx diagnosed as T1-4 N0M0 were selected, which had undergone previous radiotherapy. The patients were treated by Gamma Knife while the isodose curve was 50% and the margin dose was 20 Gy. The nasopharynx biopsy was performed before the treatment and 1, 3, 6, 12 months after the treatment. The biopsy specimen was taken to make a pathological examination.

RESULT
1. Before the Gamma Knife treatment, carcinoma cell could be seen in the tissue; 2. 1-3 months after the treatment, cell necrosis and acute inflammation cell infiltration could be seen in the target; 3. 6-12 months after the treatment, infiltration of chronic inflammation cell, proliferation of fibrous tissue and capillary could be found in the target.

CONCLUSION
This research implies that the short-term pathological changes after the treatment of stereotactic radiosurgery can be defined as two phases: The first phase occurs from 1 to 3 months after the treatment called necrosis period. The second phase occurs from 6 to 12 months after the Gamma Knife treatment named as absorption period.


ABSTRACT Objective: The main intention of this study was to assess the comparative free radical scavenging and total antioxidant capacities (TAC) of fresh Allium sativum (garlic) bulbs and Allium cepa cultivar (green onion) leaves and bulbs for aqueous and methanolic extracts. Methods: The antioxidant ability of the different plant extracts were assessed using TAC method as well as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) free radical scavenging method. Results: H2O2 free radical scavenging assay showed that the methanolic extracts of garlic bulbs, green onions leaves, and green onion bulbs produced a maximum percentage scavenging of 89%, 85.4%, and 66.4% respectively at 1000 μg/ml. The methanolic extract of garlic showed the minimum value for 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 257.54 μg/ml followed by the aqueous extract of green onion leaves with IC50 of 258.33 μg/ml. TAC revealed that garlic bulbs and green onions leaves exhibited high percentage antioxidant capacity of 91.66% and 91.21% respectively at 1000 μg/ml. The minimum IC50 values for methanolic extracts of garlic and green onion leaves were found to be 64.033 μg/ml and 69.965 μg/ml respectively. The IC50 value for ascorbic acid was found to be 88.321 μg/ml. Conclusion: Based on this aspect, we propose that this investigation can lead to the establishment of new and more potent drugs from cheaper native plants from natural origin since lacunae still remain in scrutinizing the various cultivars of green onions. Further studies are recommended for the in vivo investigations to commercialize their use as a cure to cancer. Keywords: Green onion, Garlic, Total antioxidants capacity, Hydrogen peroxide free radical scavenging assay, Free radicals, Cancer.


The present invention, for a motor vehicle, a multi-speed transmission related to (1) of the particularly for the sports car. Transmission (1) includes a plurality speed forward (V1 to V7) and reverse the (R), an input primary shaft (8), a first output for driving the first drive shaft connected to the axle differential (10) a secondary shaft (9), the second output tertiary shaft (11) for driving the second drive shaft leading to the other axle differential (12) and is provided. The first output secondary shaft (9) and a second output tertiary shaft (11), two meshing fixed gear (34, 35) is provided, the fixed gear of the first output secondary shaft (9) (34 ) is intended to mesh with the idler gear (26) of the input primary shaft (8), the idler gear (26) of the speed of advance which is coupled to the non-rotationally enter primary shaft (8) (V3) one is directly, and drives a fixed gear (34) of the first output secondary shaft (9). .The


Abstract Background: There are no known racial differences in genital herpes disease pathogenesis or response to therapy. Despite high herpes simplex virus (HSV) seroprevalence in Black persons, clinical trials investigating the treatment of recurrent genital herpes (RGH) have typically enrolled a small proportion of Black patients. Methods: This multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled study evaluated the efficacy and safety of patient-initiated, 1-day famciclovir 1000 mg twice-daily in immunocompetent Black adults (USA and South Africa) with RGH. Eligible patients were randomized (2:1) to famciclovir or placebo. The primary endpoint was time to healing of non-aborted genital herpes lesions (i.e., lesions that progressed beyond papule stage). Secondary endpoints included proportion of patients with aborted genital herpes lesions, time to resolution of associated symptoms, and safety. Clinical trial registration: Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00477334. Results: A total of 299 patients with RGH (66% female, median age = 37 years) received either 1-day famciclovir 1000 mg twice-daily (n = 201) or placebo (n = 98). In the modified intent-to-treat population, the estimated median time to healing of non-aborted genital herpes lesions was 5.38 days for famciclovir and 4.79 days for placebo (median of treatment differences = 0.26 days; 95% CI [−0.40, 0.98]; p = 0.416). Consistent findings were reported in the completer and per-protocol populations. No significant differences were reported for all secondary analyses. Adverse events (AEs) were consistent with the established safety profile of famciclovir: 18 (6%) patients had drug-related AEs (16 [8%] famciclovir; 2 [2%] placebo), none of which were serious or led to discontinuation or dose adjustment/interruption. There are some limitations of this research: many study sites either lacked prior experience in conducting clinical studies in patients with HSV infection or enrolled small numbers of patients, which may have compromised efficacy outcomes. Also, HIV antibody testing was not mandated at enrollment. Conclusion: This study showed similar efficacy and tolerability of 1-day treatment with famciclovir 1000 mg twice-daily compared to placebo in immunocompetent Black adults with RGH. Famciclovir has proven efficacy and safety in the overall RGH population. Further understanding of the efficacy of antiherpes therapy in Black patients with recurrent genital herpes may be warranted.


This article explores the multiple and complex Christian-cultural dynamics of reconciliation advanced by Christian and cultural leaders. Based on field research conducted in northern Uganda, largely among the Acholi people, the study draws attention to different levels of convergence and divergence, harmony and tensions between and among Christian and cultural approaches to reconciliation, and the subsequent social capital generated from both of these approaches. The research demonstrates that Christian leaders drew attention to the biblical resources of forgiveness and reconciliation, whereas cultural rituals of reconciliation involved full acknowledgment of the wrong, healing, reparations, and compensations.


Abstract Job search is a key choice variable in theories of labor markets but is difficult to measure directly. We develop a job search activity index based on Google search data, the Google Job Search Index (GJSI). We validate the GJSI with both survey- and web-based measures of job search. Unlike those measures, the GJSI is high frequency, geographically precise, and available in real time. We demonstrate the GJSI's utility by using it to study the effects of unemployment insurance policy changes between 2008 and 2014. We find no evidence of an economically meaningful effect of these changes on aggregate search.


To improve learning, educators must first confront the truths about how schools actually operate — and then respond to those realities.


The nonlinear large-deflection equations of von Karman are written for "specially" orthotropic plates. The equations are then manipulated to determine the parameters required to establish postbuckling behavior. It is found that only two new parameters are needed beyond those required for buckling. By assuming trigonometric functions in one direction, the plate equations are converted into ordinary nonlinear differential equations that are solved numerically using a two-point boundary problem solver that makes use of Newton's method. The postbuckling behavior is obtained for simply supported and clamped, long, rectangular, orthotropic plates covering the complete range of dimensions and material properties.


The purpose of the present study was to determine the onset of breeding season, the occurrence of silent and true heats and the duration of estrus in female Markhoz goats of the Kurdistan province in Iran. Ten, 3 years-old Markhoz does with an average weight of 34.05±2.62 kg and with one kidding record, were used. The goats were maintained in an open barn under constant nutritional levels and natural photoperiod. One aproned buck was used twice a day every 12 h to detect estrus from mid August to early January. For the determination of the onset of reproductive activity as well as occurrence of silent heat, blood samples were collected every 10 days, from the beginning of the experiment. After 2 nd standing heat, blood samples were obtained twice a week in order to assess luteal activity and the length of estrous cycles. In this study, estrous behavior was observed including sniffing, vocal exchange, following courtship, flehman, standing heat and mounting. The results of the progesterone assay indicated that in this goat silent heats occur mostly in the early breeding season. The first standing heat was observed in mid-October which was considered as the onset of the breeding season. Duration of the estrous cycle and estrus was recorded as being 20.93±1.56 days and 38.86±15.19 h, respectively. The correlation coefficient between length of daylight and occurrence of estrus was negative (r = -0.470) but not significant (p>0.05). The data showed that there was no significant effect of body weight on estrous cycles (first, second and third) and estrous periods (first, second, third and fourth). Progesterone levels were not significantly different in the first, second and third estrous cycles at days 0, 4, 10, 12, 14 and 19. The results of progesterone assay during the estrous cycle indicate that follicular and luteal phases last 4-5 and 14-15 days, respectively and the concentration of serum progesterone in these phases was 0.88±0.08 and 7.44±0.26 ng/ml, respectively. The study concluded that Markhoz does could be considered as a breed with a short breeding season and an optimal estrous activity in autumn. (Key Words : Breeding Season, Estrous Cycle, Silent Heat, Progesterone, Markhoz Goat)


In this paper, the channel is estimated by using ka lman filter. The channel is time varying modeled as a low-Pass tappe d delay line filter that is work as the FIR filter with time var ying Coefficients. Here Kalman filter technique is used to estimate th e time varying coefficient of the channel.


We introduce a saturation model for photon-photon interactions, based on a QCD dipole picture of high energy scattering. The two-dipole cross-section is assumed to satisfy the saturation property. This pomeron-like contribution is supplemented with QPM and non-pomeron reggeon contributions. The model gives a very good description of the data on the γγ total cross-section, on the photon structure function F γ 2 (x, Q 2) at low x and on the γ * γ * cross-section. The saturation model [1] was proven to provide a very efficient framework to describe a variety of experimental results on high energy scattering. With a very small number of free parameters, Golec-Biernat and Wüsthoff (GBW) fitted low x data from HERA for both inclusive and diffractive scattering [1]. The central concept behind the saturation model is an x dependent saturation scale Q s (x) at which unitarity corrections to the linear parton evolution in the proton become significant. In other words, Q s (x) is a typical scale of a hard probe at which a transition from a single scattering to a multiple scattering regime occurs. Our idea was to extend the saturation model constructed for γ * p scattering to describe also γ * γ * cross sections. The successful extension, performed in [2], provided a test of the saturation model in a new environment and confirmed the universality of the model. The results obtained in [2] are also of some importance for two-photon physics, since the model is capable of describing a broad set of observables in wide kinematical range in a simple, unified framework. The saturation model for two-photon interactions is constructed in analogy to the GBW model [1]. Each of the virtual photons is decomposed into colour dipoles (q ¯ q) dipole representing virtual components of the photon in


Control or comply : the interplay of firm-level cooperative strategies and network-level opportunism when estimating innovation performance in strategic networks


3044 Background: We created a population pharmacokinetics (PK) model for sorafenib (SOR)-treated patients (pts) and attempted to identify early PK parameters susceptible to predict toxicity. Method...


Until now it is studied about distribution aspect of classic novel and useful way of literature education. After being considered of distribution...


Today, ancient cemeteries are being rediscovered underneath rural landscapes, on the edges of ancient boundaries, or buried in the heart of villages and towns. But early medieval cemeteries were not forgotten places set aside for the dead, they were ancient repositories, archives where the dead and their stories were consigned to be recounted in the construction of community identities. The landscape acted as a meeting place for the living and their dead, making safe the bodies of relatives and associates, rooting community and memory into physical space. Cemeteries were not simply mortuary landscapes, they were pluralistic spaces used by the living who constructed them and who created experiences which situated cemeteries, performance and funerals within the spheres of personal and communal life. Funerary narratives can be shared or internalised and may be supported with material culture: a spear placed in a grave or an heirloom brooch (Williams, 2007). Narratives can also take place at different scales using material and spatial foundations: burial under a mound, next to a partner, child, parent, grandparent or important person. As a result cemeteries are multi-generational histories, spatial representations of how a community described itself internally and to others. And, like other histories, dominant narratives were reinterpreted as each generation created its own discourses. Consequently, each cemetery is the unique and complex product of multiple agents working at different times. Each grave was the end result of a funeral designed by multiple architects working within speci c chronological and personal circumstances and in uenced by social agents which extended across Negotiating Anglo-Saxon cemetery space


How public opinions supervise government is not only a theoretical problem which is worthiy to be discussed, but also a practical problem which should be solved promptly in the public administrative management. This article probes into the mechanism in formation, the process in operation, the necessary conditions and the developing tendency of the public opinions when they supervise government through comparison and analysis. The basic conclusion of the article is that the existing patterns and functions of the public opinions supervising government have certain positive effects and limitations because of freedom of the press. The healthy development of the supervision must be necessarily based on the regulation and control of press so as to become informational and legally institutionalized.


How do innovations become institutionalized? Central to institutionalization is the legitimation of an innovation. Legitimation involves a process of theorization whereby the innovation's promoters conceptualize chains of cause and effects that encapsulate the properties of an innovation (Strang & Meyer, 1993). While rhetorical or discursive processes have been studied extensively, only scant attention has been paid to the role of material artifacts in theorization processes. We explore in this paper the role of material artifacts in shaping theorization processes. Our empirical analysis is multimodal and focuses on concrete as a new building material. We examine early exemplars of concrete buildings.


We propose an equivalent electrical circuit model to evaluate the direct modulation performance of optically injection-locked (OIL) semiconductor lasers. We modeled the equivalent circuit of the OIL laser based on alternating complex envelope representations, simulated it using the Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis (SPICE), and analyzed the frequency response of the OIL laser. Although the frequency response of the OIL laser is better than that of a free-running laser, its 3-dB modulation performance is degraded by the relaxation oscillation that occurs during direct modulation of the semiconductor laser. To overcome this limitation and maintain the maximum modulation performance within the entire locking range, we also designed an electrical filter to preprocess the electrical modulation signal and compensate for the non-flat modulation output of the OIL laser. The damping ratio of the directly modulated OIL laser increased by 0.101 (280%) and its settling time decreased by >0.037 (44%) when the electrical compensation circuit was added, exhibiting a flat 3-dB modulation bandwidth of 28.79 GHz.


It was not until the early 1970s that scientists – spearheaded by clinical and public health professionals – recognized and, in a sense created, a unique sexual population that was labeled gay youth. To find these youth, researchers recruited from locations and organizations that served the needs of compromised youth. Although the methodology was flawed, conclusions from these convenience samples were instrumental in founding a field of study. Not surprisingly, gay youth were perceived as having an exceptional developmental profile and consequently to be in dire need of immediate medical, psychiatric, and social interventions (Roesler & Deisher, 1972). By contrast, over the past two decades an increasingly broad array of biological, social, and behavioral scientists has produced data on which to build a developmental perspective on sexual-minority youth. This was possible primarily through social media recruitment and the inclusion of sexual status measures in large-scale surveys, giving researchers access to diverse and likely more representative populations of sexual-minority youth. A major consequence of the improved methodology was that many initial clinical findings were challenged, modulated, or, in some cases, repudiated (e.g., that one-third to half of sexual-minority youths attempt suicide, see Remafedi, 1987 vs. Savin-Williams, 2001a). Although the early research has limited relevance for understanding contemporary sexual-minority youth, especially during their child and adolescent years, few social scientists produced data-based research that illuminated the developmental processes of same-sex sexual and romantic growth prior to adulthood. Presented in this chapter is this limited literature, which must, by its very nature, be suggestive rather than confirmatory regarding the qualities and experiences of millennial sexual-minority youths as they navigate from their first memories of same-sex sexuality to their self-acceptance, expression, and integration of that sexuality. It is


The objective of this study was to assess main regularities of resettlement of the first generation offspring of the exposed Techa River population. In the given paper the information on places and periods of residence of the population exposed on the Techa River and their offspring, obtained from the medical-dosimetric database of the URCRM was used. Groups of the first generation offspring of exposed people living at various distances from the Techa River were identified. Main regularities of resettlement of a large group of offspring of the exposed Techa River population (26 300 persons) over the period 1950-2010 were revealed. Chelyabinsk Oblast is the main resettlement area of the first generation offspring of the exposed Techa River population. The proportion of offspring living outside of their primary resettlement area is gradually increasing. Offspring outflow from the Kurgan Oblast is greater than that from the Chelyabinsk Oblast. The main part (45.9%) of the first generation offspring of the exposed Techa River population alive as of 2010 was gathered in cities. Migration of the exposed population promoted increase in the number of marriages between exposed and unexposed persons, to the birth of offspring whose one parent (either mother or father) was exposed and led to decrease in the number of offspring whose both parents were exposed. In the current study for the first time peculiarities of resettlement of two generation of people residing on radioactively-contaminated territories, exposed people and their offspring, were compared. Marked differences in the nature of resettlement of the Techa River exposed population offspring relative to their parents were registered. Offspring migrated more frequently, which is expressed in the increase in their proportion in cities up to 45.9% as compared to that of exposed persons – 30.8% (p<0.001). At the same time the proportion of the first generation offspring of the exposed Techa River population, who reside in Techa riverside settlements, is decreasing as compared to that of the exposed persons. In contrast to first generation offspring alive as of 2010, a bigger part of deceased offspring as of 2010 (30.7%) was registered in Techa riverside villages.


To optimize the processing route in CAPP system,automatic generation of manufacturing setup planning in CAPP is studied.Based on the surface feature,mathematic model and algorithm to automatically generate setup planning has been formulated by means of feature and tolerance graphics(FTG).The algorithm can be used to solve such problems as setup sequences,datum selection,the number of setup,and then setup planning.The setup route achieved in this way can minimize the influence of locating error stack-up on the machining quality.Finally a case study of setup planning is presented to verify the feasibility of the method.


The Groshong catheter (GC) is commonly used as a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC), and the external jugular vein (EJV) is not a common route for central venous access (CVA). Therefore, external jugular venous catheterization (EJVC) using a GC is rare. However, our experience has shown that this procedure is safe and simple for CVA.


Ingestion of soil by grazing sheep was measured in two soil types, at two stocking rates and over two grazing seasons. Animals ingested up to 400 g soil per kg of body weight between May and early November. Rainfall and stocking rate clearly emerged as factors influencing ingestion. The effect of soil type and herbage on offer was less evident. Evidence is presented to show that ingested soil was enriched in silt and clay, especially in dry weather. For a quantitative estimate of soil in faeces, acid-insoluble residue (AIR) was adjudged superior to values based on titanium content. On the other hand, the latter offered a better measure of the more active silt and clay component of soil in faeces.


Abstract : The International Workshop on Coherent Control of Charge Carrier Dynamics in Semiconductors was held May 18-22,1998 at the University of Illinois at Chicago. An international and multi-disciplinary group of scientists presented recent results on coherent control phenomena in atoms, molecules, and semiconductors. Pertinent open physical questions, as well as potential technological applications and the future of the field were discussed. Referred proceedings were published under the title Coherent Control in Atoms, Molecules, and Semiconductors, by Kluwer in spring of 1999 (ISPN 0-7923-5649-7)


Conventional wisdom about the U.S. Supreme Court states that assignment of the majority opinion to the marginal member of the minimum winning original coalition might ensure its survival. Insofar as minimum winning original coalitions on the Warren Court are concerned (which original coalitions were identified by reference to the justices' docket books), the conventional wisdom is wrong. Although the marginal justice is substantially advantaged in opinion assignment, coalition maintenance is not thereby enhanced. Indeed, the breakup of such coalitions disproportionately occurs when the marginal justice switches his vote to the other side. Moreover, when he changes sides, he nonetheless retains the majority opinion. Assignment of the majority opinion to original coalition members other than the marginal justice did not foster the original coalition's survival either.


The Indian government's recent decision to ease foreign direct investment (FDI) restrictions, allowing foreign firms to acquire up to 74% of an Indian company or business without special government approval, is expected to spur investment in the pharmaceutical industry. The previous level was 49%. Although Indian drug companies have been acquired in full in recent years—Abbott, for example, bought Piramal's drug business for $3.3 billion in 2010—such deals have been subject to a protracted government approval process. "This development is certainly positive for India as a whole and for the Indian pharmaceutical industry, but also for the non-Indian pharma companies who want a presence in one of the world's biggest economies," says Nailesh A. Bhatt, managing director of Proximare, a Princeton, N.J.-based firm that advises on mergers and acquisitions in India. In addition to promoting much-needed consolidation, Bhatt says, the decision to raise foreign investment limits creates an opportunity to


Abstract : The mammalian calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinases (CaMKKs) have been shown to phosphorylate and activate the calmodulin-dependent protein kinases I and IV (CaMKI, CaMKIV), leading to transcription of a variety of genes important in cell cycle regulation. Using a C. elegans homologue (ceCaMKK), we are investigating the importance of this proposed cascade to cell cycle, cell fate and development in the context of a well-defined multicellular organism. By generating transgenic worms with reporter proteins controlled by the ceCaMKK promoter, gene expression has been demonstrated in the excretory cell, vulval muscle cells and several neurons of adult hermaphrodites, in the hypodermal cells of Ll/L2 larvae, and in several male-specific tail cells. To examine this pathway biochemically, we have cloned the ceCaMKK and ceCaMKI cDNAs, and produced recombinant proteins by prokaryotic expression methods. Both mammalian and C. elegans CaMKKs can phosphorylate either species' CaMKI homologue specifically on the activation loop (Tl 77 in human, TI 79 in C. elegans) in vitro. These results indicate a tunctional homology between the mammalian and C. elegans caimodulin dependent kinases, and demonstrate the existence of a calmodulin dependent kinase cascade in the worm. We have used these proteins to begin a screen for cascade targets, but further work remains to reveal the biological functions of this signaling pathway.


The authors introduce a dynamic backpropagation algorithm for continuous-time dynamic neural fuzzy systems, as a generalization of the standard backpropagation algorithm for feedforward neural network systems. The proposed algorithm is applied to the design and training of a fuzzy-gain-scheduler for an aircraft flight control system. The trained control system is tested on a full-fledged six-degree-of-freedom nonlinear aircraft simulation package. Simulation results show that significant improvement is achieved through training of the fuzzy-gain-scheduler by using the proposed dynamic backpropagation algorithm.


We propose a discretization of two dimensional Euclidean Yang-Mills theories with N = 2 supersymmetry which preserves exactly both gauge invariance and an element of supersymmetry. The approach starts from the twisted form of the continuum super Yang Mills action which we show may be written in terms of two real Kahler-Dirac fields whose components transform into each other under the twisted supersymmetry. Once the theory is written in this geometrical language it is straightforward to discretize by mapping the component tensor fields to appropriate geometrical structures in the lattice and by replacing the continuum exterior derivative and its adjoint by appropriate lattice covariant difference operators. The lattice action is local and possesses a unique vacuum state while the use of Kahler-Dirac fermions ensures the model does not exhibit spectrum doubling.


California voters, regardless of their political party affiliation or income level, are worried about and feel unprepared for the costs of long-term care, according to a new poll from The SCAN Foundation and the UCLA Center for Health Policy Research.


The Ground Data Systems Resource Allocation Process at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory provides medium- and long-range planning for the use of Deep Space Network and Mission Control and Computing Center resources in support of NASA's deep space missions and Earth-based science. Resources consist of radio antenna complexes and associated data processing and control computer networks. A semi-automated system was developed that allows operations personnel to interactively generate, edit, and revise allocation plans spanning periods of up to ten years (as opposed to only two or three weeks under the manual system) based on the relative merit of mission events. It also enhances scientific data return. A software system known as the Resource Allocation and Planning Helper (RALPH) merges the conventional methods of operations research, rule-based knowledge engineering, and advanced data base structures. RALPH employs a generic, highly modular architecture capable of solving a wide variety of scheduling and resource sequencing problems. The rule-based RALPH system has saved significant labor in resource allocation. Its successful use affirms the importance of establishing and applying event priorities based on scientific merit, and the benefit of continuity in planning provided by knowledge-based engineering. The RALPH system exhibits a strong potential for minimizing development cycles of resource and payload planning systems throughout NASA and the private sector.


Maternal smoking has been associated with higher rates of preterm births and small-for-gestational-age (SGA) babies; however, whether quitting smoking early during pregnancy can diminish these adverse outcomes is unknown. In a prospective study of 2500 nulliparous women in New Zealand and Australia, investigators assessed pregnancy outcomes in three cohorts based on self-reported smoking status: …


A company has to develop both its business sector and its organization. This development is intended for the sake of customer satisfaction. PT. TLK as a well-known telecommunication company in Indonesia, has decided that in 2011 has become the beginning year of Quality Assurance. This study is intended to discover the picture of quality manual of PT. TLK as efforts in achieving quality assurance through the implementation of Total Quality Management. This study is also intended to discover the business result of the implementation of quality manual. The method used in this study is qualitative descriptive methods to conduct observation and interviews. The result of the study explains that in improving product services quality to satisfy customer's expectation through Total Quality Management (TQM) and quality manual implementation, Raise on Service Excellence (ROSE), indicates the positive effect to the company.


The challenge of including a gender perspective within human rights work has been a project only recently undertaken by the international human rights community. It is undeniable that much progress has been made over the past two decades in regard to advocacy and legal efforts to protect, promote and fulfil women's human rights. However, there remain significant shortcomings in how the law is used to address systemic conditions that cause the subordination of women. This article seeks to explore the gap that exists between women's rights rhetoric and implementation at the national level. An examination of women's reproductive rights in the Inter-American System of Human Rights serves as a lens by which to explore how international human rights bodies fall short in addressing the gendered implications of women's rights violations as they are embedded in national cultures.


The invention discloses a cab state regulation and control method, vehicle-mounted equipment, a terminal and a cab state regulation and control system. The vehicle-mounted equipment applied the method, such as a vehicle-mounted computer and the like, realizes cab state regulation and control through receiving a state regulation and control instruction sent by a user via the mobile terminal and through calling pre-stored cab state information corresponding to the received instruction. The invention provides a mode of rapidly regulating and controlling the cab state through the mobile terminal for the user. A process for the user to regulate and control a cab does not need to be performed in a cab space, for instance, before the user enters into the cab, regulation and control of the cab can be completed through effective communication between the mobile terminal and the vehicle-mounted equipment. Simultaneously, the mobile terminal possesses advantages that an interface is friendly and so on, which provides convenience for the user to regulate and control the cab state, and a user experience is good.


This paper explores innovation narratives as mobilized by business innovation leaders. Twenty seven semi-structured interviews have been conducted with senior managers from UK construction and infrastructure firms. Retrospective narratives of innovation focus on past experiences and activities, activating an organizational memory and informing future generations of employees. The real-time narratives of innovation are focused on the ways interviewees tend to shape industrial development and changes, enabling organizational members to generate action nets around people and data. Prospective narratives of innovation generate creative imaginings, linking an understanding of industrial trends with a knowledge of relevant organizational resources and business strategies. The paper advances an understanding of the connection between retrospective, real-time and prospective narratives that generates organizational learning.


We study the random dynamical system generated by a stochastic reaction-diffusion equation with additive noise on the whole space and prove the existence of an -random attractor for such a random dynamical system. The nonlinearity is supposed to satisfy the growth of arbitrary order (). The -asymptotic compactness of the random dynamical system is obtained by using an extended version of the tail estimate method introduced by Wang (1999) and the cut-off technique.


Theoretical investigation of the plasmonic resonances of coupled cylindrical plasma columns is presented. Mechanism of plasmonic mode coupling in a pair of coupled plasma columns and in a cluster with square configuration that can be considered as bonding and antibonding combinations of isolated column plasmons is investigated.


The ZERODUR production, consisting of established processes used in the manufacturing of high homogeneous optical glasses, results in excellent blanks with low stress birefringence, striae content and outstanding homogeneity of the coefficient of thermal expansion. For future extremely large telescope projects like OWL (OverWhelmingly Large Telescope) or TMT (Thirty Meter Telescope), with at least several hundreds of mirror blanks, the material homogeneity within a single blank is extremely important. Previously, the stress birefringence of 2m class mirror blanks could be reduced to amounts far below our catalog values. Striae in ZERODUR, if present, are weak band-like density fluctuations within the material with only minimum influence on the properties of the material. This paper presents the results of dilatometric measurements on the influence of standard grade striae within ZERODUR on the homogeneity of the CTE. All CTE measurements have been carried out using our new dilatometer setup with improved reproducibility.


Deep hashing methods have been intensively studied and successfully applied in large-scale multimedia retrieval. In real-world scenarios, code length can not be set once for all if retrieval accuracy is not satisfying. However, when code length increases, conventional deep hashing methods have to retrain their models and regenerate the whole database codes, which is impractical for large-scale retrieval system. In this paper, we propose an interesting deep hashing method from a brand new perspective, called Code Expansion oriented Deep Hashing (CEDH). Different from conventional deep hashing methods, our CEDH focuses on the fast expansion of existing hash codes. Instead of regenerating all bits from raw images, the new bits in CEDH can be incrementally learned by recycling the old ones. Specifically, we elaborately design an end-to-end asymmetric framework to simultaneously optimize a CNN model for query images and a code projection matrix for database images. With the learned code projection matrix, hash codes can achieve fast expansion through simple matrix multiplication. Subsequently, a novel code expansion hashing loss is proposed to preserve the similarities between query codes and expanded database codes. Due to the loose coupling in our framework, our CEDH is compatible with a variety of deep hashing methods. Moreover, we propose to adopt smooth similarity matrix to solve "similarity contradiction" problem existing in multi-label image datasets, thus further improving our performance on multi-label datasets. Extensive experiments on three widely used image retrieval benchmarks demonstrate that CEDH can significantly reduce the cost for expanding database codes (about 100,000x faster with GPU and 1,000,000x faster with CPU) when code length increases while keeping the state-of-the-art retrieval accuracy. Our code is available at https://github.com/IIE-MMR/2022MM-CEDH.


The damping property of Fe-12Cr-22Mn-X alloys has been investigated to develop high damping and high strength alloy. Particularly, the effect of the phase of austenite, alpha and epsilon martensite, which constitute the structure of the alloys Fe-12Cr-22Mn-X alloys, on the damping capacity at room temperature has been investigated. Various fraction of these phases were formed depending on the alloy element and cold work degree. The damping capacity is strongly affected by martensite while the other phase, such as martensite, actually exhibit little effect on damping capacity. In case of Fe-12Cr-22Mn-3Co alloy, the large volume fraction of martensite formed at about 30% cold rolling, and in case of Fe-12Cr-22Mn-1Ti alloy, formed at about 20% cold rolling and showed the highest damping capacity. Damping capacity showed higher value in Fe-12Cr-22Mn-1Ti alloy than one in Fe-12Cr-22Mn-3Co alloy.


The synthesis and antimicrobial application of Co (III) and Fe (III) complexes of imine functionalized N-heterocyclic carbene (Imino-NHC) ligands is reported. The ligand precursors 1-(2-[(hydroxylbenzylidene)-amino]-ethyl)-3-R-3H-imidazol-1-ium bromide where R = pyridyl (1a) and benzyl (1b) have been reported in our previous work. The in-situ generated ligands of 1a and 1b have been successfully coordinated to CoBr2 and [FeI(Cp)(CO)2] leading to the isolation of air-stable N^C^N^O four coordinate Co(III) complex 2 and a six-coordinate Fe(III) complex 3. The synthesised complexes were both found to be NMR inactive hence were characterize using FTIR and LRMS. The complexes were screened for antimicrobial activities against four gram-negative bacteria Escherichia Coli (E-coli), Shigella, Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. Pneumoniae) and Salmonella typhi (S. typhi) and a gram positive bacteria Staphylocossus aureus (S. aureus). The antimicrobial test was conducted using disc diffusion methods and based on the concentrations of 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 μg/ mL, significant activities were recorded for both cobalt and the iron complexes. Original Research Article Abubakar et al.; CSIJ, 30(6): 59-67, 2021; Article no.CSIJ.71688 60


MODULARITY—a requirement in computer hardware for several years—has now become a property of software.
 Early electronic computers were designed for very specific applications. They provided little or no opportunity for use on other operations without radical modifications in structure. As needs grew larger and application possibilities became more numerous, the concept of modularity evolved. Economic necessity, as well as common sense, dictated against building a completely new machine to do a partially new job. Many already well-designed parts of the computer could be lifted intact for inclusion in the new operation. Ultimately, this logic led to the general purpose digital computer.


In 1989 the Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) began funding the evaluation of production groups of juvenile anadromous fish not being coded-wire tagged for other programs. These groups were the ``Missing Production Groups``. Production fish released by the US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) without representative coded-wire tags during the 1980`s are indicated as blank spaces on the survival graphs in this report. The objectives of the ``Missing Production Groups`` program are: to estimate the total survival of each production group, to estimate the contribution of each production group to various fisheries, and to prepare an annual report for all USFWS hatcheries in the Columbia River basin. Coded-wire tag recovery information will be used to evaluate the relative success of individual brood stocks. This information can also be used by salmon harvest managers to develop plans to allow the harvest of excess hatchery fish while protecting threatened, endangered, or other stocks of concern.


The putting forward of the people′s livelihood science technology is the inner demand of the construction of harmony society,and is a new science technology′s value pursuit and development direction.Developing the people′s livelihood science technology strengthenly can draw lessons from the humanism value pursuit in chinese ancient science technology thoughts which fight against useless and harmful artifacts and support livelihood pragmaticalness,and turn from the college science and industry science to the living world which people can feel by themselves,and deal with correctly the relationships between basic theory research and the people's livelihood science technology application,science technology innovation and science technology diffusion,specialist decision and the public participation,so that the public can share the achievements of the science technology progress and construct the haimony society all together.


The invention relates to an integrated asynchronous transmission shifting register circuit of an LCoS (Liquid Crystal On Silicon) and an implementing method thereof. The integrated asynchronous transmission shifting register circuit (which consists of M*N data shift transmission unit circuits, wherein M and N respectively represents row resolution ratio and line resolution ratio) can be used for the fields of LCoS, OLEDoS (Organic Light Emitting Diode on Silicon), other silicon-based micro-display apparatuses and the like and can be used for line scanning shift registers and row scanning shift registers, wherein each data shift transmission unit circuit consists of a trigger D, two inverted input or gates, two input nor gates, a transmission gate A (TGA) and a transmission gate B (TGB). According to the asynchronous transmission shift register circuit provided by the invention, a bidirectional work clock is started by each unit after input data is obtained while the bidirectional work clock is shut down after the data output at the level is converted into low level, so that the dynamic power consumption of the scanning shift register circuit can be effectively reduced.


During the brazing of aluminum-based heat exchangers, the flux dry-off temperature plays a crucial role to get sound joints with maximum strength. In the present study, the NOCOLOK flux consists of two phases of K2AlF5.H2O and KAlF4 with a melting point around 580 °C was used for brazing AA3003 as base metal with a clad-coating of AA4343 as filler metal. The slurry was applied on the joints and they dried at 220, 300 and 380 °C in air. The tensile shear test revealed that when the slurry dried at 300 °C, the joint withstand maximum shear stress of 44 MPa without defective features. At 220 °C and 380 °C, joint shear stresses were 34 MPa, 30 MPa respectively. However, drying at 380 °C under protective nitrogen gas enhanced the shear strength of up to 39 MPa. Having applied a change in current dryer temperature in the factory from 360 °C to 300 °C reduced the percentage of heat exchangers leakage from 3.2% to 0.6%, approximately, on a weekly basis. Keyword: Brazing of aluminum, NOCOLOK flux, Aluminum-silicon.


Recently published data from a sample of Bogotá, Colombia public housing residents show that apartment dwellers, but not house dwellers, reduced their fertility in a tight housing market. We propose that the utilitycost theory of fertility accounts for this finding, and, using this theory, we predict that (a) apartment residents will not decrease their fertility in an open housing market and (b) higher fertility will be associated with larger dwellings. Longitudinal data from a sample of Midwest urban blacks, Mexican Americans, and other Americans support both predictions. The substantive implications are discussed.


Innovative scientific research plays a crucial role in addressing global challenges, such as healthcare and environmental and security issues, while research in social sciences and the humanities occupies a key function in understanding emerging social phenomena. The speed and depth of scientific research, understood in its broadest sense, depends on fostering collaborative exchanges between different communities and assuring its widest dissemination. This, in turn, is fundamental for the constant evolution of science and human progress. Access to research output not only increases the returns from public investment in this area, but also reinforces open scientific inquiry. It encourages diversity of opinion, promotes new areas of work and enables the exploration of topics not envisioned by the initial investigators. Collaborative exchanges help avoid the unnecessary duplication of research and address some of the global health inequalities. Timely and cost-efficient access to scientific research, therefore, contributes to increasing general economic and social welfare. More than any other kind of research, publicly funded scientific research constitutes an essential building block for further progress and innovation, one that is often seen as a collective good. For this reason, the common assumption is that, for the greater good of science and the public interest, publicly funded research should be made accessible without restriction. This principle of unfettered access also entails the freedom to use and reuse publicly funded scientific research.


The authors presented the magnetic and magnetooptical effects of Ce3+ in a rare earth (RE) orthoferrite structure based on the perovskite formula (RE)FeO3. Magnetooptical behavior was quantified by measuring the Faraday rotation and the magnetic hysteresis loops were measured by using an ADE vibration sample magnetometer.


Lattice vacancy effects on NQR parameters such as the transition frequency (νQ), the spin lattice relaxation time (T1), and the linewidth (Δν) are studied, and expressions are proposed to describe their temperature behaviour. These expressions are applied to analyse the case of solid chlorine and values are derived for the energy and entropy associated with the creation of a vacancy and its migration energy.


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a ventilation and deordorization system for a vehicle capable of ventilating or deodorizing air in a cabin immediately before an occupant gets on while cutting down battery consumption during parking. SOLUTION: This ventilation and deordorization system for a vehicle is provided with a transmission and receiving system 46 receiving a remote operation signal from a portable terminal, a door-lock motor 47 locking/unlocking a vehicle door, an air conditioning unit 10 introducing air outside a cabin and blowing it into the cabin and control devices 44, 45 controlling their operations. When the transmission and receiving system 46 receives a vehicle door unlock request signal as the remote operation signal, the control devices 44, 45 unlock the vehicle door by the door-lock motor 47 and perform ventilation operations introducing the air outside the cabin by the air conditioning unit 10 and blowing the air into the cabin at an almost maximum flow rate. COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI


This article discusses, from a civil society viewpoint, the pitfalls in the way of progress towards a world free of chemical weapons. States' parties are about to assemble for their second five-yearly conference to review the operation of the treaty that established obligations intended to create such a world. The destruction of weapons and associated infrastructure required under the treaty is now nearing completion, but there remains the challenge of preventing a resurgence of chemical weapons under the influence of new utilities and other forms of value created by political change, by diffusing technology, and by advancing science. Impeding such governance is the need to accommodate divergent national interests, compounded by widespread ignorance or misunderstanding of issues involved, or heedlessness towards them. This is especially to be seen in the failure of a substantial majority of states' parties to incorporate into their implementing legislation the comprehensive nature of the prohibitions set forth in the treaty. It is also evident in the growing list of issues in the 'too difficult to deal with' category. An important consequence is the creeping legitimization, or acceptance by default, of activities that ought to have been the subject of collective consultation among all states' parties. One example is the growing use for purposes of counterterrorism of chemical weapons that fall outside the category of 'weapons of mass destruction' but which are nevertheless chemical weapons in the sense of the treaty. A measure of the success of the impending Review Conference will be the mandate it establishes for the conduct of such consultations.


The TRON 1 project was running in the Norwegian town of Trondheim from March to October 1996, and was part of the EU-supported research project CONCERT (DG VII and DG XIII). The main objective of the project was to test a complete system for integrated payment of transportation services, including parking, bus trips and crossings of the toll ring. Payment means were an electronic payment card (the TRON card) for bus and parking, and an electronic tag for the toll ring. All cards and tags of one household were linked to one common 'transport account' with a monthly post payment agreement. About 500 households took part in the test, and overall, three out of four household members were recruited to test the TRON card. The evaluation of the test mainly focused on the effect of the TRON card on bus use. The evaluation results are based on a two-wave interview survey and monthly system transaction data. The participants generally had very positive expectations to the TRON card. Interviews during the test revealed that the positive expectations had been met, as the system was perceived as time-saving and easy to use. Halfway through the test period (June), the participants made 17% more bus trips than "normal". However, after the summer vacation, the positive trend in bus use stopped, and the travel behaviour fell back to the usual pattern. Hence, the test results do not indicate that the TRON card led to any permanent change in the participants' bus use. For the covering abstract see IRRD E102382.


OBJECTIVE
To express phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) of tuberculosis and evaluate its immune diagnostic ability.

METHODS
PEPCK was cloned and expressed in prokaryotic expression system. We analyzed immune response of recombinant PEPCK with Western blot and studied the immunity of it through mice immunization. We also investigated the sensitivity and specificity of immunodiagnosis of PEPCK via detecting the sera from tubercular patients by using ELISA. The results were evaluated by comparing with a Mycobacterium tuberculosis antibody Colloidal Gold Diagnostic Kit.

RESULTS
The recombinant protein was 72 kDa and specifically reacted with anti-BCG antibody. Specific humoral immune response was elicited after mouse immunization with PEPCK protein and the high titer specific antibody was generated (1:1280). Antibodies were detected against M. tuberculosis 17.3% in all tuberculosis patients, 32.5% in patients harboring Mycobacterium currently and 12.9% in patients without M. tuberculosis. The sensitivity and specificity of ELISA were 51.0% and 96.7%.

CONCLUSION
These results indicated that the recombinant PEPCK might be one of the suitable antigens for serodiagnosis of tuberculosis.


: Higher education institutions act as one of the most important factors for the development of region. Russian traditional educational institutions should be transformed to meet the challenges of modern world. On the basis of Belgorod region innovation activity analysis, positive relationship between shipped innovation items and domestic research and development costs was found. Semantic differential was used for multiple estimation of BelSU innovation activity and competiveness. BelSU integrated index showed high-enough innovation activity of this university.


Motion planning for virtual human upper body including torso and arm received continuous interest in computer graphics community in the past year. Though a variety of motion planning approaches have been proposed to address the problem of 7 DOF (degrees of freedom) arm manipulation, planning the motion of entire upper body chain for general manipulation task is remained unresolved as there is no explicit inverse kinematics (IK) solution for the redundant chain. In this paper, a novel unified framework that combines the workspace goal-oriented heuristics and a variant of random sampling strategy called Goal-oriented Rapidly-exploring random tree (Goal_RRT) planner is proposed to efficiently resolve manipulation planning problems for upper body chain without the need of explicit IK solutions. Experimental results demonstrate the method is fast and reliable.


Antimonopoly laws must contain effective provisions for the attack of exclusionary behavior by firms with market power while at the same time not attacking procompetitive behavior by entrants or incumbents. This paper suggests seven textual criteria by which a new law may be evaluated in its performance of these two functions, and applies these criteria to the antimonopoly laws of Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland, and the Russian Federation.


Long-term blood pressure (BP) monitoring is a widely used approach in a homecare intelligent system. However, BP is usually measured using cuff-based devices with tedious operation in practice, which may not be cost effective for continuous BP tracking. In this article, we propose a novel attention-based multitask network with a weighting scheme for BP estimation by analyzing and modeling single lead electrocardiogram (ECG) signals. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method could achieve mean error of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and mean arterial pressure estimation in levels of 0.18 <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\pm$</tex-math></inline-formula> 10.83, 1.24 <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\pm$</tex-math></inline-formula> 5.90, and 0.84 <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\pm$</tex-math></inline-formula> 6.47 mmHg, respectively. In comparison to other cutting-edge methods using ECG signals, the proposed method shows superior BP estimation performance. By integrating with a wearable/portable ECG monitoring device, the proposed model can be deployed to an embedded system or remote healthcare intelligent system to provide long-term BP monitoring service, which would help to reduce the incidence of malignant events happened in hypertensive population.


Introduction Multiple Myeloma (MM) is second most common haematological malignancy characterised by uncontrolled proliferation of abnormal plasma cells in bone marrow (BM). The growth of these myeloma cells is facilitated by BM niche consisting of numerous proteins, proteoglycans, cytokines and growth factors. One of the chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan, Versican (VCAN) has gained consideration in context of solid tumours where in it has been shown to promote tumour progression but there is dearth of literature in haematological malignancies including MM. Therefore, the involvement of VCAN in association with MM has been studied. Material and methods 30 newly diagnosed MM patients and 20 controls were recruited. BM Mononuclear Cells (BMMNCs) were isolated from their BM aspirate. In representative samples (n=15), BM Stromal Cells (BMSCs) were harvested from BMMNCs by primary culture. The relative mRNA expression of VCAN and its four isoforms (V0, V1, V2 and V3) were investigated in BMMNCs, BMSCs and MM cell lines (RPMI8226 and U266). Conditioned medium (CM) of primary cultured BMSCs was collected and examined for presence of VCAN by ELISA. Thereafter, the effect of BMSCs CM was studied on MM cells in presence or absence of VCAN antibody. To accomplish this, PCNA along with MTT assay for proliferation, VEGF for angiogenesis and Bcl-2, PUMA for apoptosis were investigated. Further, the signalling pathways involved in the action of VCAN were also identified. Results and discussions The relative mRNA expression of VCAN and its isoforms were found significantly higher in MM patients in both BMMNCs and BMSCs with higher expression in BMSCs than in BMMNCs. VCAN being produced in stroma found at lower levels in MM cell lines. Furthermore, BMSCs CM showed the presence of VCAN whose effect was evaluated in MM cell lines in vitro. Upon treatment with BMSCs CM, proliferation and angiogenesis increase while apoptosis decrease in cell lines, however, effect of CM neutralised in presence of VCAN antibody. The downstream signalling of VCAN was observed to entail phosphorylation of FAK and STAT3 which subsides by treatment with VCAN antibody. Conclusion Augmented levels of VCAN and its isoforms in BM of patients especially in BMSCs imply their involvement in BM microenvironment of MM. The neutralisation of the oncogenic effect of BMSCs CM upon treatment with VCAN antibody affirms the plausible role of VCAN in pathogenesis of MM. These findings open up new avenues for exploration of VCAN as a therapeutic target for treatment of MM in future.


Grassland deterioration due to climate variability and human disturbance in arid and semi-arid areas is becoming a serious environmental problem in China. Establishing grassland protection area to control the overgrazing is regarded as one of the effective measure to protect grassland. The paper presented a new method that integrates cellular automata (CA) model, geographical information system and remote sensing to zone grassland protection area with the case study in Xilingol "typical steppe" grassland in Inner Mongolia autonomous regions of China. The basic idea of the method is to extract "seed points" of the grassland protection area by using remote sensing techniques and geographical information system (GIS) at first, then simulate the grassland protection area by CA model. Since the method tries to satisfy the zoning requirement of the grassland protection area and utilizes the advantages of remote sensing techniques and CA models, satisfactory results have been produced for governmental officials and planners with manpower saved


The requirements for the Near Infrared Camera (NIRCam) instrument for NASA's James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) designate that the instrument be aligned to within specified wavefront tolerance limits. A sensitivity analysis was performed to determine the best selection of field point locations and wavelengths at which to take measurements to meet the wavefront requirements. This paper presents an overview of this analysis.


In 2013, Greater Manchester Police (GMP) commissioned an independent evaluation of
the Oldham Phone Triage/RAID Pilot Project. This evaluation report covers the period of
the six month pilot from 02.12.2013 to 31.05.14.
Lord Adebowale's recent Independent Commission on Mental Health and Policing (2013)
concluded that mental health represents one of the most significant and complex
challenges for policing in the UK; addressing this matter is core business and should
become a priority in all future service planning and delivery at a local level.
The Sainsbury Centre (2008) identified that nationally, 15% of all incidents dealt with by
the police include the presence of significant mental health difficulties and problems. The
report highlighted that police officers do not typically have ready access to sufficient
additional information that would support their decision-making in these types of cases.
Officers also felt that their training did not always adequately prepare them for this area of
work.
In February 2014, a national Crisis Care Concordat was signed by more than 20
organisations in England in a bid to drive up standards of care for people in police custody.
The Concordat, seeks to build on other announcements on mental health care, notably
liaison and diversion schemes, street triage and the national Mental Health Action Plan
(2014).
GMP and the Office of the Police and Crime Commissioner for Greater Manchester
(PCCGM) have been instrumental in setting up a Mental Health Strategy Group to
coordinate and improve mental health and policing across Greater Manchester. Mental
health and the need to protect vulnerable people have been given major status in the
Police and Crime Plan 2013-16 for Greater Manchester (PCCGM, 2013).
At a recent consultation event, Tony Lloyd (Police and Crime Commissioner for Greater
Manchester) stated: 'People suffering mental health problems deserve the best service
and the only way to achieve that is for the police, NHS and other agencies to pool
resources and work together' (PCCGM, 2014: online).


This paper investigates constrained semi-autonomous robotic swarms in the presence of inter-robot communication delays. The objective is that all robots converge to the optimal point related to the reference given by a human operator without violating the constraints. In the presence of constraints, directly applying the human reference may make the system violate constraints. We thus apply a reference governor which suitably modifies the reference to avoid constraint violations. Due to the limited access of the global information, we present a passivity-based distributed reference governor scheme. However, the presence of the communication delays could cause instability of the system. To integrate communication delays into the passivity paradigm, a passivation technique using the scattering transformation is implemented in the communication path. Based on passivity theory, we prove convergence of the estimated states of the reference governor to the optimal solution. The simulations and experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed solution.


Dairy farming is one of the important sub-sectors of the Indian agriculture accounting for nearly 17 percent of the value of output from agriculture and allied activities. India continues to be the largest producer of milk in world with 122 million tonnes in 2010-11. The book is outcome of research conducted in Kolar district of Southern Karnataka, India. The central focus of this book is economics of dairy farming, which aimed to analyse the economics of milk production, income and employment generation, management practices adopted in dairy farming and role of cooperative societies in dairy development. The study covers on various economic aspects of dairying. It is intended to provide policy suggestions for further improvement of the dairy enterprise suited to the weaker sections of the society, particularly marginal, small farmers and agricultural labourers. The financial institutions will have a ready reckoner for sanctioning the loans to start dairy farming. It is expected that the academicians or researchers will get clear vision of impressive empirical evidence to support their studies.


The influence of the development of digital technologies in the field of management determines the relevance of research on the transformation of personnel management principles. The purpose of the study was to substantiate the change in the principles of personnel management in the digital economy, which in the future will lead to changes in the models of personnel management in the modern management system. Complex analysis, methods of synthesis, induction, deduction, expert research using information and communication technologies are used as methodical tools to achieve the goal. Actual tasks determining the directions of transformation of modern management in the conditions of the digital economy have been identified and formulated. The available approaches to the classification of personnel management principles are analyzed, which makes it possible to identify groups of the most effective modern management principles. The principles on which the personnel management system is based require transformation, constant updating and refinement, as the market environment in which national enterprises operate and the system of modern management are constantly changing. Aspects of the transformation of personnel management in the system of modern management have been determined, which will allow to obtain information about the change in the system of practical principled approaches to the formation of the personnel management mechanism in specific conditions. The principles of personnel management were formed, taking into account their transformation, based on the determination of the impact of digitalization of the economy on the system of modern management. The outlined set of personnel management principles most fully reflects the content and tasks of the digital transformation process and fully describes the key requirements for building a modern digital management system. Practical significance of the research lies in the development of the principles of personnel management, which will be determined based on the impact of digitalization of the economy on the modern management system, taking into account their transformation, which allows to most fully reflect the content and tasks of the digitalization process and fully describes the key requirements for building a modern digital management system

https://ecdev.com.ua/web/uploads/pdf/Economics of Development_2022_Vol. 21_No. 4_59-67.pdf


Theory of sustainable development is the new progress of developing economics,which is the strategy to deal with resources,environment,economy,society harmonious development.As for the foreign trade in China during the 11th Five-year Plan,we must change the increasing mode to realize the sustainable development and become a trade power.And this will contribute to the soaring of China's economy.


The University of Missouri–Columbia has brought Freshman Interest Groups into the residence halls. The residential life director reports on why they made this move—and the results they are seeing.


ABSTRACT . This study was aimed to identify volatile compounds of 31 green coffee bean samples and evalute their correlation with altitude of the coffee plants grown in two zones (Gedeo and Jimma) in Ethiopia. A total of 81 different compounds were detected. The contents of dominant volatile compounds in green coffee beans were in the range: trans-linalooloxide (3.24⎯19.13%), linalool (1.56⎯21.76%), 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol (2.34⎯15.08%) and cis-linalooloxide (1.03⎯13.27%). In addition, benzene acetaldehyde (0.45⎯10.97%), 2-heptanol ( 0. 67⎯8.49%), ⍺-terpineol (0.64⎯6.52%), phenylethyl alcohol (0.44⎯4.98%) and furfural (0.92⎯5.3%) were the next dominant compounds. The volatile compounds identified in the green coffee beans are groups of alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, pyrazines, pyridines, and furans. The volatile compounds in green coffee beans showed either weak positive or weak negative correlation with the altitude of coffee plants indicating that variation in altitude of the coffee plants does not significantly influence the volative compounds of green coffee beans. KEY WORDS : Coffea arabica L., Coffee plants, Green coffee beans, Volatile compounds, Effect of altitudes, Heterocyclic compounds Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2019 , 33(3), 401-413.    DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v33i3.2


This paper discusses the syntactic structures of proverbs in Taiwan Southern Min by analyzing one thousand proverbs collected in a proverb dictionary. The data analyses reveal that among the sentence patterns involving omission of components such as subject, object, or verb, subjectless clauses are most commonly found in proverbs and the reference of the omitted subject can be found in either the linguistic or situational context. Object preposing or topicalization sentence patterns do not occur frequently in proverbs, even though they are common in non-proverbs. To express rich meaning in short forms, proverbs often contain complex structures.


This paper glves a numercial expression of power losses at high frequencies (100kHz∼2MHz) in Mn-Zn ferrites. which are used as core materials of transformers and inductors for switching power supply. The power losses of some commercial ferrites were measured, and a new type of empirical formula was found, which is expressed as a function of frequency and magnetic flux density. The calculated results agree well with the measured ones. The formula is useful in the design of compact and effcient magnetic components.


This paper investigates the use of artificial neural networks (ANN) to predict software aging phenomenon. We analyze resource usage data collected on a typical long-running software system: a Web server. A multi-layer perceptron feed forward artificial neural network was trained on an Apache Web server dataset to predict future server resource exhaustion through univariate time series forecasting. The results were benchmarked against those obtained from non-parametric statistical techniques, parametric time series models and empirical modeling techniques reported in the literature.


Film was chosen as the detector for the Multi-Spectral Solar Telescope Array (MSSTA), a sub-orbital solar observatory designed to operate over the entire soft x-ray, extreme ultraviolet (EUV), and far ultraviolet (FUV) spectral regime. In order to accurately calibrate the solar images obtained on the initial May 13, 1991 MSSTA flight, and to optimize the film loads for the diverse telescopes being developed for the MSSTA re-flight, we performed extensive calibrations at the NIST SURF II and the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory synchrotrons. In addition to detailed studies of the MSSTA flight films (XUV-100 and 649), we also measured the performance characteristics of Kodak Technical Pan 2415 film, and the Agfa 10E56, 10E75 and Ilford HOTEC holographic emulsions. These measurements yielded valuable information concerning the soft x-ray/EUV/FUV response of the films and provided important insights into the physical properties of the films and their behavior after prolonged exposure to high vacuum.


This doctoral thesis is an editio princeps with transcriptions, translations and
commentaries of twenty-two previously unedited papyrus Greek texts from Oxyrhynchus
in Middle Egypt, all edited or assigned to the Roman Period, namely from the first
century B. C. to the fourth A. D. It offers a balanced mixture of assorted Literary,
Subliterary texts and Documents. Specifically, on the literary side, Homer and
Demosthenes, the most popular authors in Egypt, are represented with one and five
pieces respectively. All these texts are interesting with respect to the textual tradition of
these particular authors. The rest of the literary and subliterary pieces are `new texts',
including Scholia Minora to Iliad 1, Commentary on Odyssey 3, a fragment of the lost
author Dictys Cretensis, historical and oratorical prose, and two very short fragments.
An eclectic collection of nine documents is edited in the second part of the thesis: five
official, namely two declarations of sheep and a census-return of early date, a petition
and an order to summons, and four private documents, that is an acknowledgement of
indebtedness, a sale of land, and two letters. All these documents are of interest, since
they provide information regarding economy, admimistration, legal system,
prosopography, literacy, language and other aspects of a hellenised provincial society
under Roman rule.


Exposure to air pollution is an inescapable part of our urban life. In this study, the interaction patterns of air pollutants, SO 2 , NO x , SPM and PM 10 are investigated based on measured database of the study area in Manali, near Chennai. This study is necessary, since these pollutants violate the prescribed norms of the NAAQ Standards. The air quality of SPM and PM 10 based on exceedence factor for industrial average was assessed. It was found to fall under the moderate pollution category and this position is maintained. The health risks due to air pollutants are quantified by estimating the relationship between air quality and health effects. Health-related information was gathered through survey and the result is presented in spatial form. This study found that the inhabitants of Manali and surrounding villages were affected by respiratory problems, asthma and premature death. Thus the environmental concerns prevailing in Manali are a serious issue.