In this work we compare different stabilisation approaches currently used in the simulation of viscoelastic fluid flow. These approaches are: the both-sides diffusion, the positive definiteness preserving scheme, the log-conformation tensor representation and the symmetry factorisation of the conformation tensor. The evaluation of these approaches is done regarding their implementation complexity, stability, accuracy, efficiency and applicability to complex problems. Their performances are examined for an Oldroyd-B fluid in the test cases of lid-driven cavity, flow past a cylinder and 4:1 contraction flow. We summarise the situations in which the different approaches can be recommended.


The extraordinary optical behaviour of artificial metamaterials is dictated by the resonant nature of their constitutive elements, which are nanostructured plasmonic particles. According to their configuration and complexity, metamaterials exhibit tailored optical effects like negative refraction, asymmetric transmission and optical activity. In particular, recent developments in nanostructure technology enabled fabrication of metamaterials composed of complex three-dimensional constitutive elements [1]. This significant progress demands a revision of the standard experimental techniques for the characterization of the optical properties of metamaterials. To tackle this issue we recently demonstrated an experimental method for the direct quantification of the dispersion relation of metamaterials [2]. Our setup is based on white-light spectral interferometry and facilitates measurements of complex transmission and reflection coefficients for wavelengths from 650 nm to 1700 nm. The dispersion relation of a metamaterial, thereby, can be readily calculated from the complex coefficients, using the common retrieval algorithm.


In our way of validating the theory, we have used some medium data such as the real lake area in the image and the evolution of the riverbed in order to take the error under control and support the process we promote. We think that the factor that influences the reliability of the outcome most is the process that we decide the input parameters. Therefore, we have performed sensitive analysis on the input parameters and the image solution. We agree that using only one example is vulnerable, and thus, in the following work, the discussion based on more cases will be carried out to support our method. And we are looking forward to more scholars taking part in the discussion about this method.


the block. 4) One deeper is cut at least two-thirds through the specimen; more if necessary. 5) Ten to twenty slides are cut; every other one is stained. Additionally, one laboratory preparing 10,000— 40,000 cases volunteered that its recut rate is 30%. Our results are not statistically significant. They do offer some anecdotal data regarding the procedure used by different dermatopathoiogy laboratories for the diagnosis of tumors in small biopsy specimens. Given the fact that a 2 mm fragment of tissue cut in conventional 3-5 micron sections can yield over 100 sections the question remains: Should we define a standard by which the dermatopathologist is considered to have fulfilled his responsibility in examining sufficient tissue from a given specimen to say that there is no tumor present? ;


This collection of papers, which describes modern viewpoints on the cellular metabolism of the vitamins, is Number 13 of the Nutrition Symposium Series, and, like its predecessors, it is especially useful to those doing research in this field. Nine separate papers with a complete record of discussions cover many aspects of intermediary metabolism. Opening with a foreword by E. E. Snell and some generalizations by Severo Ochoa, the volume includes details on the biogenesis of riboflavin, the metabolism of thiamine, lipoic acid, nicotinic acid (niacin), pyridoxine hydrochloride (vitamin B 6 ), pantothenic acid, folic acid, ascorbic acid, and biotin. To those who are engaged in the modern clinical search to designate alterations in individual enzymatic reactions as functions of a diseased state, this little volume should be especially valuable in highlighting areas in which additional investigations are required and where what we know about vitamin metabolism might possibly have useful implications


Objective: To investigate the effect of Shenmai Injection of primary liver cancer for preventing and treating chemotherapy side effects. Methods: 18 patients with primary liver cancer taking chemotherapy were randomly divided into treatment group and control group,comparing two groups' side effects of patients after chemotherapy. Results: The treatment group's efficiency was statistically significant compared with that in the control group,P 0. 05. Conclusion: For patients with liver cancer,the side effects of chemotherapy can be significantly reduced by Shenmai Injection,so the effect of chemotherapy may be raised.


The purposes of this research were to develop the Honesty test using situation judgment test format to reduce the possibility of faking good in personality scales and to identify construct validity and concurrent validity of the developed scale. Total 359 employees(male, 46.24%; female, 53.76%) were used in this study. The Honesty test developed in this study consists of 5 to 6 items 6 items for each 4 sub-constructs (i.e., sincerity, fairness, greed avoidance and modesty) of honesty-humility factor in HEXACO model. Confirmatory factor analysis to assess the construct validity of the Honesty test resulted in favorable goodness of fit indexes for the 4-factor model(CFI = .946, TLI = .925, RMSEA = .046). Also, favorable goodness of fit indexes(CFI = .934, TLI = .911, RMSEA = .049) in the higher-order factor analysis showed that the 4 sub-constructs were converged into the single honesty-humility factor. To investigate the possibility of faking good could be reduced in the situational judgment test format compared to the Likert test format in measuring honesty, correlations between the honesty scores in each test format and the scores of faking good were compared. Although the correlations between the humility sub-constructs(i.e., greed avoidance and modesty) and faking good scores were not significantly different depending on the measurement format, the correlations between the honesty sub-constructs(i.e., sincerity and fairness) and faking good scores were significantly low in the situational judgment test format than in the Likert test format. The concurrent validity analyses revealed that the Honesty test using situational judgment test format had significant correlations with Machiavellism personality(r = -.21) and self-control(r = .27). Limitations of the study and directions for future study were discussed.


A rapid increase in large-scale land acquisitions associated with the food-commodity price spike in 2008 resulted in a flurry of journalistic, non-governmental organization, and academic publications. One of the primary narratives that emerged was that oil-rich Gulf states were driving a "land grab" from resource-poor countries. However, little was known about who was making deals and where. This article assesses the extent to which the member states of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) are, in fact, primary players. We first compare the total number of deals and land areas involved, finding that individual GCC member states have been relatively minor players compared to the United States, the United Kingdom, China, Singapore, and Malaysia—each of whom, moreover, finalized more deals than all the GCC countries put together. We next compare the geographic distribution of acquisitions, comparing the trends for GCC member states with those of the major investing countries, and assess which countries have ac...


Purpose: Studies have suggested that the use of visual information may underlie the benefit associated with an external focus of attention. Recent studies exploring this connection have primarily relied on motor tasks that involve manipulation of an object (object projection). The present study examined whether vision influences the effect of attentional focus on the performance of body movements through space (body projection). Method: Participants (N = 24, Mage = 25.0 ± 3.3 years) performed a maximum vertical jump in a room with a 4-m ceiling under full-vision and no-vision conditions. Additionally, participants performed 3 trials under each of 3 attentional conditions, presented in a counterbalanced order: external focus (ExF; "concentrate on the ceiling and try to touch it"), internal focus (InF; "concentrate on your fingers and try to bring them up as high as possible"), and control (Con; no-focus instruction). Results: Results indicated that regardless of visual condition, a statistically significant difference was observed such that participants in the ExF condition (30.93 ± 8.37 cm) jumped significantly higher than participants in both the InF (30.09 ± 8.66 cm, p = .004, d = 0.68) and Con (30.23 ± 8.73 cm, p = .002, d = 0.57) conditions. Furthermore, jump height was overall significantly higher in the full-vision condition compared with the no-vision condition (p = .004, d = 0.47). Importantly, there was no interaction between ExF and vision. Conclusion: The present findings demonstrate the benefit of an ExF on a body projection task and further provide evidence of the independence of ExF and visual information.


Purpose – The aim of this study is to explore the influence of personal attributes, namely, gender, age, education and income, on the perception of facilities management (FM) services for residential buildings. Design/methodology/approach – Collected through an interview survey, the personal particulars of the users of a typical residential estate in Hong Kong and their perceived importance and performance levels of five main aspects of FM services were analyzed using the analytic hierarchy process and statistical analyses. Findings – The weighted performance ratings of the services, which are products of interaction between perceived importance and perceived performance, showed perfect rank correlations across user groups with different personal attributes. As for the shares contributed to the services' overall weighted performance, the largest differences were associated with the security and leisure and landscape aspects rated between the users with tertiary education and those without. Research limita...


For many hard combinatorial problems that arise from real-world applications, the conventional theory of algorithms and complexity cannot give reasonable (i.e., polytime) performance guarantees and considers such problems as intractable. Nevertheless, heuristics-based algorithms and solvers work surprisingly well on real-world instances, which suggests that our world may be "friendly enough" to make many typical computational tasks poly-time- challenging the value of the conventional worst-case complexity view in CS (Bart Selman, 2012). Indeed, there is an enormous gap between theoretical performance guarantees and the empirically observed performance of solvers. Efficient solvers exploit the "hidden structure" of real-world problems, and so a theoretical framework that explains practical problem hardness and easiness must not ignore such structural aspects.


Empirical studies of children and adolescents at high-risk for psychosis and those with first episode psychosis include investigations of the associated risk factors, neurobiological correlates and longitudinal trajectories and the use of pharmacological and psychosocial interventions, but few studies compare the impact of different forms of psychotherapy with each other or with multimodal treatment with both psychotherapy and psychotropic medication. There is a scarcity of trials that compare the efficacy and long-term outcome of cognitive behavioral therapy, psychodynamic psychotherapy and family therapy with these vulnerable youth even though evidence has been accumulating about their positive impact with children, adolescents and adults with many psychiatric disorders. Research on first episode psychosis in children and adolescents needs to be enhanced by studies that ascertain the benefits of cognitive behavior therapy, psychodynamic psychotherapy, and family therapy and their role in combined treatment.


Field experiments at Pavagada, Karnataka during August 2003, indicated that Amsacta albistriga NPV @ 1.5 x 10 12 POB/ha was as effective as chlorpyriphos @ 20g a. i./ha against red hairy caterpillar. For an environmentally friendly approach AaNPV can be used as an effective component of IPM packages for the control of red hairy caterpillars in the endemic areas of Karnataka.


Renal insufficiency is present in more than half of patients with heart failure (HF). The causes of renal dysfunction in HF are multifactorial: impaired left ventricular (LV) function leads to increases in right atrial pressure and venous congestion while poor forward flow results in a release of neurohormones and natriuretic peptides, perpetuating a vicious cycle of worsening renal function referred to as the "cardiorenal syndrome."1 In patients with cardiomyopathy, the presence of renal dysfunction is associated with excess mortality.2 Each 10 mL/min/1.73 m2 decrease in the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is associated with a 17% increase in the risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD).3 At the extreme, patients with end-stage renal disease carry a 6to 9-fold higher risk of SCD. Data regarding the effectiveness of implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) therapy in patients with renal insufficiency are largely lacking as patients with moderate to severe kidney disease were excluded from most of these trials. In MADIT-II, which did include and report on outcomes in patients with renal insufficiency, no survival advantage with ICD was seen in patients with an eGFR < 35 mL/min/1.73 m2.3 Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) may provide additional benefit to patients with renal insufficiency beyond ICD therapy alone. Correction of electrical and mechanical dyssynchrony with biventricular pacing results in improved cardiac hemodynamics and function. CRT has been shown to result in an improvement in renal function in patients who also demonstrate evidence of reverse remodeling by echocardiography.4 Conversely, patients who fail to respond to CRT may show a significant and progressive decline in renal function. In the CARE-HF (Cardiac Resynchronization-Heart Failure) trial, CRT-pacing (CRT-P) was compared with no device treatment in patients with symptomatic HF, severe LV dysfunction, and evidence of ventricular dyssynchrony.5 In


The research finds that the loan liabilities play an actively promoting role in adding the corporate market value to logistics corporations.It also proves that loan debt financing plays an active role in the next year's performance of the corporation.It is mainly because the rate of return of the total assets is higher than the cost of loan,which thus benefits the corporate shareholders and promotes the increase of the value of the enterprise.


(ProQuest: ... denotes formulae omitted.)1. IntroductionEducation in the field of Medical Physics has experienced considerable growth and change from the time when the first publication of this report in 1993. Medical physics is one of the fastest emergent areas of research for academicians and physicists. It plays a vital role in the medical research areas of cancer, heart disease, and mental illness by involving in the development of new instrumentation and technology for use in diagnostic radiology. It is also concerned with the applications of digital computers in medicine and applications of information theory to diagnostic problems; processing, storing, and retrieving medical images; measuring the amount of radioactivity in the human body and studying the anatomical and temporal distribution of radioactive substances in the body.Scientometrics is a discipline which analyses scientific publications to explore the structure and growth of science. They develop benchmarks to evaluate the quality of information resources and packages of information for decision making in medical physics. It provides a key opportunity to the researcher to publish their articles with new strategies, innovations, new methods and new ideas Scientometric analysis is the quantitative study of a subject growth by using bibliometric indicators and statistical tools and techniques. It light a research on the pattern of growth of individual to the respective subject literature, inter-relationship among different branches of knowledge, productivity, authorship pattern, degree of collaboration, pattern of collection building, and their use. Gradually the Scientometric studies are attaining the status of inter-disciplinary in nature. The Scientometric techniques are used to understand the magnitude of the growth of a particular discipline. Especially the trends and pattern in growth, contribution of a particular author or institutions and the collaboration pattern, relative growth rate and so on. They empirically describe the constantly changing relationships in medical physics. This consequently sheds more light on our knowledge of the structure of subject of literature and better organization of information resources which can ultimately be effectively used. Therefore, the present study has been undertaken in order to know the growth and development of publications in the field of medical physics research as indexed in web of science database.2. Objectives for the StudyThe objective of the study was to perform a scientometric analyze the global research output in medical physics during 2000-2013, with a following aspect of the study:* Forms of Publications* Annual Growth Rate, Relative Growth Rate and Doubling Time of publications* Authorship Pattern of Publications* Relative citation impact of highly productive countries* Highly productive institutes* Highly preferred source titles for publication* Language-wise distribution of cosmic rays research output3. MethodologyThe Web of Science database was used for retrieving data on medical physics during 2000-2013, using search terms namely 'medical physics' in 'topic filed'. A total of 11181 publications were downloaded, the data were transferred to spread sheet application and analyzed the data as per objectives of the study.4. Data analysis and interpretations4.1 Forms of publicationsThe table 1 reveals that the major source of publications covered by web of science databases on medical physics research is Conference papers with 6,161 publications (55.10%) followed by Journal articles with 3,275 publications (29.29%). Review ranks the third position with 835 publications (7.47%) followed by editorial with 321 publications (2.87%), note with 179 publications (1.60%), short survey with 142 publications (1.27%) and remaining forms are less than one percentage as seen in the table. The results indicate that the research outputs on the subject of the period covered by the study are mostly published in the form of conference papers. …


Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR) through check dams is the intentional recharge of water in the aquifers. The objective of this paper is to present a review of research work carried out on the impact of check dams in improving the groundwater quantity, quality and livelihood of people. Further, investigation carried out on the effectiveness of a check dam across Arani River, located north-west of Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India is also presented as a case study. The study reveals that proper maintenance of check dams will result in the sustainable replenishment of groundwater resources in a region. In general the MAR through check dam is found to be one of the efficient methods to improve the groundwater head and quality which in turn improve the livelihood of community as indicated by most of the studies. Case study carried out near Chennai is an evident that check dam has increased the groundwater level up to 1.5 m. Thus MAR by check dam can be considered as a best option for efficient and sustainable management of groundwater resources. Index Terms: Water resources management, Groundwater recharge, Groundwater Quality, Socioeconomic impact,


The utility model provides a mobile type bio-diesel production equipment for preparing bio-diesel with recovery grease and methanol reaction. The production equipment uses a pipe type reacting furnace as main equipment, all equipment are installed in a frame convenient for convey equal to a container in size. The suit equipment provided by the utility model are concentrated in a frame equal to a container in size, and is convenient to convey and put into production. The mobile type bio-diesel production equipment reaches request of standardized equipment and standardized technique, has low cost and high return benefit.


Renewable energy sources are considered to be an unpredictable resource especially in wind turbines; rapid variation in wind speeds cause power fluctuations leads to interrupt the power system stability during the high-level power operation. To overcome these issue energy storage systems such as Battery storage is added to balance the grid and helps to balance the generated power and the power demand. The battery system is also used to mitigate the power fluctuations and helps to give more power to balance the load requirement. The proposed (EMS) Energy Management System integrates with the fuzzy logic controller for operation of both battery and wind system depending upon the demand need. In the case of the battery management system, the intelligent controllers help to control the State of Charge (SoC) limits of the battery to make sure the required time of charging and discharging. The proposed controller is tested with a wind energy conversion system modelled in MATLAB/Simulink. The simulation results show that the proposed intelligent controller acts as an energy management system and battery management system as well as it is used for power balance generation and load also efficiently mitigating the voltage fluctuation during variation in the load.


Robot arm simulators are systems that raise a lot of interest and motivation from students but safeguard their physical integrity as well as the equipments'. Telerobotics represents the control/operation of a robot arm from a distance while it performs highly risky manipulations (either with radioactive, explosive or other dangerous objects), for instance. For some telerobotic tasks, two or more operators need to work together depending on the complexity of the task or the complexity of the object being manipulated. A collaborative telerobotic simulator should offer an environment for executing robotic tasks that are divided in such a way that require operators mutual understanding and complementary work. This paper presents a telerobotic 3D simulator for collaborative robotic tasks, called CollBot4us (that comes from "COLLaborative roBOT FOR US"), which allows each operator to visualize the same 3D environment but from their own perspective and operating from different places (connected via network). CollBot4us is intended to be used for telerobotic tasks training as well as for collaboration strategies development.


1,2-Dipalmitoryl-sn-glycero-3-(3-boronopropyl-N,N-dimethylaminium) (DPBA), a lipid which specifically binds to diol compounds through the boronic acid moiety, was synthesized. Cryo-TEM observation revealed that DPBA formed unilamellar vesicles in an aqueous environment. Thermotropic phase-transition temperature of DPBA was increased in response to addition of either diols or phosphatidylcholine, indicating that DPBA has both diol responsivity and is characteristic as a reversed-head lipid.


This paper outlines a method for the creation of a Minority Contractor Participation Program which would link prime contractors to minority firms on construction projects. The writer recommends the means or policies, or both, required to make such a program effective in achieving a substantial improvement in minority entrepreneur involvement.


[1] The volume changes associated with a phase transition need to be accommodated by creep. Otherwise, a pressure anomaly impeding the transformation is induced. Phase changes in mantle flows are therefore delayed by this process, which occurs not only on a microscopic scale but also, as shown in the present paper, on a macroscopic (i.e., kilometric) scale. The mechanism is illustrated first with the help of a simple analytical "pipe flow" model. The broadening and average deflection of the phase transition vary with the vertical velocity of the flow V, the viscosity in the zone of phase transition η, the density jump Δρ, and the pressure interval over which the phase change occurs Δ P. They are characterized by a nondimensional number: α = (4/3)ηgV (Δρ/ΔP2). For small α, the deflection of the phase transition is equal to α times the width of the transition loop. A numerical, one-dimensional stationary model is then used to quantify how the flow is hampered by mass anomalies associated with the phase transition deflections. The response functions for harmonic loads in a self-gravitating mantle are computed. Transition deflection is shown to have a significant influence in the case of a thin and viscous discontinuity. Conversely, it may be negligible if the material within transition zones is weakened. In an estimate where we link the viscosity in the transition zone to the level of deviatoric stress, we show that sizable (≈7 km) deflections of the 670 km discontinuity can be expected as a consequence of these macroscopic volume changes associated with phase transformations.


The Character of Ci Fu is "making words and fabricate".Xiao Tong's wording of"Shen Si"do means so.The reasons are that,the ancients valued Ci Fu,Wen Xuan's electing standard should be solid and science,and the best model essay is Ci Fu,the ancients regard Ci Fu as poetry,and many literary form was more and more like Ci Fu,thus the standards of Ci Fu fit for all kinds of texts;It accords with Xiao Tong's view of changing,and is effected by Wang Chong's wording of "Chao Qi",it can be proved by the texts of Wen Xuan.In addition,not only the Character of "making words and fabricate" is fit for "Shen Si",but also is fit for the wording of "Han Zao" and personal and individual and text and aestheticcontrast.


In the light of current events in the region, taking the geopolitical conditions into account, military threats to Poland require our country to adopt a new defense doctrine. Contemporary armed conflicts do not represent the image of a regular front as it used to be during the World War II. Nor can we accept the assumption that the activities, in which the Polish Armed Forces participated during the mission in Afghanistan or Iraq, will determine the adoption of the defense strategy. In fact, our country faces both Abstract:


The article analyzes the evolution of the cultural status of science by considering its history through the prism of the opposition to the ideal of pure and useful science. The purpose of the study is not to propose a new periodization of the development of the scientific tradition, but to identify the dynamics of its relationship with the cultural whole and to correct on this basis the previously obtained scenarios of the development of science as a cultural phenomenon. It is shown that science arises as a separate social practice, opposed to another type of normalized activity. The way out from under such rationing is fixed by the idea of scientific leisure as a necessary condition for scientific and philosophical knowledge. This is a model of pure science, the practical usefulness of which is not questioned. However, the very fact of the appearance of a new type of activity entails its socialization, transformation into a profession and the gradual emergence of the principle of the social utility of science. The accumulated historical experience leads to the formation in modern times of a strategy for justifying science as both existentially and ideologically valuable (through its integration into religious discourse) and practically useful. Secularization, scientific and technological progress and economic development lead to a non-religious interpretation of human history. This interpretation is characterized by the dominance of two socio-cultural myths – technological and economic. The future of science depends on whether it will be absorbed by these myths (largely generated by itself) or will be able to offer, primarily through the efforts of socio-humanitarian disciplines, an alternative project for the development of culture.


The purposes of this study are firstly to find out the salary expectations that gen z want while working. Secondly, to analyze what types of jobs are interested in gen z. Finally, to describe how the strategies are applied by Gen Z to achieve the salary and work they want and the implications of this research for the company. The method used in this research is qualitative with a case study approach and quantitative with a survey approach. The sample used in this research is 108 students of the management department UNISBA Blitar belonging to gene z. Data collection techniques were carried out using questionnaires and structured interviews online. Analysis of the data used by describing the results of the numbers from the survey conducted then elaborated with the results of interviews and theories that have been written. The results of this study suggest that gen z wants a salary above 5 million with a percentage of 44.9% and the rest below 5 million. Furthermore, 39.6% want to be entrepreneurs for future types of work and the rest as employees of BUMN, ASN and others. In addition, they also carry out special strategies and tips to achieve what they expect.


To investigate the penumbral plasma flow on a small scale, spectropolari- metric data of sunspots recorded by HINODE was used. Maps of Doppler velocities were created by evaluating the bisector in the line-wing, thereby visualizing the flow pattern in the low photosphere where the Evershed effect is most pronounced. In penumbrae close to the disk center, the vertical component of the Evershed flow dominates. The latter consists of a series of elongated up-flow patterns extending radially through the entire center-side penumbra at a constant azimuth. Along this structure, strong up-flows appear in concentrated patches separated by weaker up-flows or even down-flows. The strong up-flows appear at the bright heads and the umbral side of the dark-core of the filament, while the down-flows are rather located at the penumbral side of the filament. Projection effects lead to an overall red-shift of the limb- side penumbra, but the described pattern of up- and down-flows is still ascertainable.


A method that combines the Eulerian multiphase flow (EMF) model with the Eulerian wall film (EWF) model is proposed to study the transportation of a wind-driven thin film caused by the impingement of water droplets. The external flow of air and droplets is simulated using the EMF model, while the wind-driven film is simulated with the EWF model. The effects of convection, shear stress, gravity, surface tension, and contact angle on the runback film flow are examined. The results show that shear stress from the air and capillary force due to the contact angle at the contact line are the two dominant influences on transportation, with the former acting as the driving force, while the capillary force at the contact line holds back the film and can cause a drastic increase in thickness at the contact line. With increased contact angle, the coverage of the film retracts, but film thickness upstream is not affected. A model for the film velocity containing the effects of shear stress and contact angle was proposed based on the analysis, which can be simplified to Newton's shear law when the incoming velocity is large or the contact angle is small.


This paper shows a way of how to resolve the non-unitarity problem in black-hole physics without modifications of the basic principles of local quantum field theory.


Recently many scalable and efficient solutions for event dissemination in publish/subscribe (pub/sub) systems have appeared in the literature. This dissemination is usually done over an overlay network of brokers and its cost can be measured as the number of messages sent over the overlay to allow the event to reach all intended subscribers. Efficient solutions to this problem are often obtained through smart dissemination algorithms that avoid flooding events on the overlay. In this paper, we propose a complementary approach that obtains efficient event dissemination by reorganizing the overlay network topology. More specifically, this reorganization is done through a self-organizing algorithm executed by brokers whose aim is to directly connect, through overlay links, pairs of brokers matching same events. In this way, on average, the number of brokers involved in an event dissemination decreases, thus reducing its cost. Even though the paradigm of the self-organizing algorithm is general and then applicable to any overlay-based pub/sub system, its concrete implementation depends on the specific system. As a consequence, we studied the effect of the introduction of the self-organizing algorithm in the context of a specific system implementing a tree-based routing strategy, namely SIENA, showing the actual performance benefits through an extensive simulation study. In particular, performance results point out the capacity of the algorithm to converge to an overlay topology accommodating efficient event with respect to (w.r.t) dissemination a specific scenario. Moreover, the algorithm shows a significant capacity to adapt the overlay network topology to continuously changing scenarios while keeping an efficient behavior w.r.t. event dissemination.


ABSTRACT Sediment fingerprinting techniques are increasingly utilized across the globe to identify and quantify sources of sediment in catchments to assist adequate management and rehabilitation strategies. The technique generally includes classifying source groups, sampling sediment sources and sink zones, analysing tracers and applying statistical analyses to discriminate and quantify the contribution from sources. Although sediment fingerprinting has been used in southern African catchments, a contextual review of studies for the region does not exist. An overview is given of the basic methodological steps, including the tracers utilized in southern Africa, the history and main findings of the studies and recommendations for further research. There are many regions in southern Africa where this technique can still be implemented, especially erosion hotspots of Lesotho and Swaziland. Similar to regions elsewhere, the technique has not been standardized due to variability of erosion processes and causal factors in different environments. Several studies state that soil is the dominant erosion factor in South Africa, especially in catchments that consist of duplex and dispersive soils that are highly erodible. It is recommended that a tracer or set of tracers be found for these problem soils. Sediment fingerprinting has the potential to discriminate soils as potential sediment sources.


Although the empowerment of critical thinking (CT) has become an international concern that needs to be developed in the biology learning process for high school students, there still needs to be more relevant research literature. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of implementing reading, questioning, and answering strategies integrated with creative problem solving (RQA-CPS) with RQA, CPS, and discussion strategies. This method used the pretest-posttest non-equivalent control group design for one semester using four classes. We designed that the experimental group was taught with RQA-CPS, the control-I group was taught with RQA, the control-II group was taught with CPS, and the control-III group was taught with DP. This research involved 129 high school students in four classes with the topics Plantae, Animalia, Ecology and Environmental Change. These four topics are classified as complex material that requires CT to be able to understand in depth. The results showed that high school students' CT increased in all four classes, but the RQA-CPS group experienced the most significant increase and was significantly different compared to the other three control groups. Thus, the RQA-CPS strategy should be used in learning to improve students' CT.


The photoluminescence and electroluminescence properties of a new bisazomethine dye derived from diaminomaleonitrile were investigated. This dye was examined as red-light-emitting materials in organic EL devices. The crystal structure of a new bisazomethine dye has been determined by X-ray crystallography. The molecules were found to form J-aggregate-like molecular arrangement.


Consistent with the existing evidence from a single country study, our differences-in-differences estimation finds a negative effect of employment protection legislation (EPL) provisions on labor productivity in a sample of OECD countries. Our study is distinct, however, in that we provide empirical evidence on why EPL reduces labor productivity, which has different practical implications. While the negative effect is more pronounced among firms domiciled in countries with weaker investor protection, less developed takeover markets, and weaker employee incentives to work hard, in industries with less intense competition, and in firms suffering from more severe agency problems and firms with lower pay-for-performance sensitives, our results suggest that the firm-employee agency conflict is the channel through which employment protection legislation hurts labor productivity.


Development of nanostructured electrodes for application in Li-ion batteries implies the control of particle morphology and size distribution. Using the high-temperature thermal decomposition synthesis for different temperatures and changing the reactant concentration, we obtained highly crystalline LiFePO4 nanoparticles with different morphologies and mean size. Our results show that an increase of the temperature produces an increase in crystallinity and size of the particles, whereas an increment in reactant concentration generates a slightly increase of the particle size without changes in morphology. The electrochemical capacity of annealed samples is enhanced for those synthesized at higher temperatures, indicating that changes induced by changing the synthesis temperature, as for example differences in the morphology of the particles, are important.


The present study was undertaken to determine whether y-aminobutyric acid in the paraventricular nucleus contributes to the regulation of cardiovascular function. Blood pressure and heart rate were recorded and plasma catecholamines were measured in conscious rats receiving microinfusions of either artificial cerebrospinal fluid or a y-aminobutyric acid antagonist, bicuculline methiodide, bilaterally into the paraventricular nucleus. Artificial cerebrospinal fluid had no effect on any of the recorded variables. In contrast, infusion of bicuculline into the region of the paraventricular nucleus produced increases in blood pressure (20 ±2 mm Hg), heart rate (110±ll beats/min), and plasma concentrations of norepinephrine (640±107 pg/ml) and epinephrine (lt266±267 pg/ml). Pretreatment with a ganglionic blocking agent abolished both the blood pressure (-1±2 mm Hg) and heart rate (5±18 beats/min) effects. Bilateral adrenal medullectomy reduced the changes in plasma norepinephrine concentrations (81 ±14 pg/ml) significantly and abolished the changes in plasma epinephrine concentrations (5±4 pg/ml). Conversely, adrenal medullectomy reduced the pressor effects (18±2 mm Hg) only slightly while the heart rate responses were attenuated (42 ±9 beats/min) by approximately 50%. These results suggest that an endogenous y-aminobutyric acid system exerts a tonic inhibitory effect on the sympathetic nervous system at the level of the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus.


Calendar plan of construction is being projected basing upon joint time-table made in consideration with resource & frontal links in-between the objects and specialized flows as well as restrictions on certain types of resources.


The article demonstrates the design of an Automatic Change-Over Unit (ACOU) in transmitter systems used in test range for flight termination purpose. In flight testing center, transmitter or power amplifier(PA) is used for amplification of desired signal to have dedicated communication with the flight vehicle. ACOU is needed to monitor the critical parameters such as module fault, VSWR fault and temperature faults of two PAs and enables switch over to the second PA immediately in case any fault is detected in the first PA. The designed ACOU can control the DC supply and gate bias of two PAs remotely through Ethernet. The unit also monitors health parameters of PA sub-modules and enables switch over within one second. The performance of ACOU unit has been analyzed by monitoring PA parameters, observing output power spectrum and measurement of switch over time. For less time consumption and to enable future up gradation, LabView, a high level programming language is used to develop the application GUI for the unit because of ease of development. The result shows successful implementation of the unit with very efficient switching time.


In the production line of printed circuit boards (PCB), quality control requires constant counting and recording of the number of boards which, in some special cases, is done by workers in the factory. This form of counting consumes labor and time, not to mention the high error rate. In this paper, an automatic method to count PCBs is proposed. With the use of image processing techniques, the number of PCBs can be non-destructively calculated as they pass through the production line, which will effectively improve the production efficiency. The first step of the proposed system is to take a picture of a stack of PCBs using a digital camera. The captured image is transformed to a gray level picture and processed by a noise removal algorithm to improve the proposed mechanism's precision. The output of the counting algorithm includes PCB count and confidence level. In practical applications, the confidence level can help people to on-line diagnose erroneous counting and correct it when the visualization counting system fails to accurately differentiate the boards.


Cuachalalate is (Amphiterigium adstringens )an arboreal species of the low deciduous forest whose bark has been used since pre-Hispanic times in traditional medicine because it is one of the products of greatest demand of Mexican herbalism and the economic importance for the communities that live in this ecosystem in the inifap Since 1989, research has been carried out to improve its management, which currently allows its sustainable and legal use. This study was carried out in Jalisco Zacatecas whose objective was to know the use of the curative plants of cuachalalate with traditional medicine as preventive of a scarring of some of the wounds as well as the most frequently consumed and the results indicate that the main areas or fronts of the cortex are from the State of Jalisco for the human


[Objective] To compare peanut varieties in Beihai City. [Method]Through conducting comparative experiment on introduced 13 peanut varieties,the yield,disease resistance and breeding characters of peanuts were observed. [Result] The yield of Guihua819, Guihua106,Z62 / Q198,Heyou339,Z62 / Q881 and Suixiang128 is higher than the CK,especially of Guahua819 and Guihua106,higher by 18. 46% and 14. 49%. The performance of Bairenzhong is also more prominent. [Conclusion] Guihua819 and Guihua21 are suitable for planting in Beihai.


To identify common reasons for readmission following otolaryngologic surgery at a high‐volume center and identify possible risk factors for readmission.


Jules Henri Poincaré was born in Nancy, in the French region of Lorraine near the German border, in an upper-middle-class family. He was a brilliant student, and entered the elite Ecole Polytechnique in Paris in 1873. After graduating, he worked briefly as an engineer while finishing his doctoral thesis in mathematics, completed in 1879. He taught for a short time at the University of Caen, became a professor at the University of Paris in 1881, and taught there until his untimely death in 1912, by which time he had received innumerable prizes and honors [42]. Poincaré was well known in his era as the most gifted expositor of mathematics and science for the layperson. His essay Mathematical Creation remains unsurpassed to this day as an insightful and provocative description of the mental process of mathematical discovery, exploring the interplay between the conscious and subconscious mind [130, pp. 2041–2050]. Poincaré was one of the last universal mathematicians. With a grasp of the breadth of mathematics, he contributed his genius to many of its branches, and single-handedly created several new fields. Altogether he wrote nearly five hundred research papers, along with many books and lecture notes. Throughout his work, the idea of continuity was a leitmotiv. When he attacked a problem, he would investigate what happens when the


This study presents preliminary results of a randomized controlled trial comparing a novel passive arm orthosis training system, the Therapy Wilmington Robotic Exoskeleton (T-WREX), with conventional self-directed upper extremity exercises. Chronic stroke survivors (n = 23) with moderate to severe upper limb hemiparesis trained three times per week for eight weeks with minimal supervision from an occupational therapist. Both groups demonstrated significant improvements in arm movement ability according to the Fugl-Meyer (3.7 point mean improvement in T-WREX group, p = 0.001, and 2.7 point improvement in control group, p = 0.003). Individuals who completed T-WREX training also demonstrated significant gains in self-rated quality of arm movement on the Motor Activity Log (p=0.05), and showed a trend towards greater gains on all clinical measures, although this trend was not significant at the current study size. Post-treatment surveys revealed a subjective preference for T-WREX training over conventional gravity-supported exercises. These preliminary results suggest that the T-WREX is a safe device feasible for clinical use, and effective in enhancing upper extremity motor recovery and patient motivation. Next steps are discussed.


Editor's Note: This article is adapted from a speech Dr. Muñoz delivered in June 2021 as President, Health Care & Education of the American Diabetes Association. She delivered her address at the Association's 81st Scientific Sessions, which was held online as a result of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. A webcast of this speech is available for viewing at https://bit.ly/3rk3Esp.


In 1916 the Dardanelles Royal Commission was convened to investigate the circumstances surrounding the Dardanelles naval fiasco of the previous year. Lords Fisher and Kitchener, former heads of the Royal Navy and British Army respectively, were ultimately found to have been culpable, in having failed to adequately warn the Cabinet War Council of the dangers implicit within the naval operation. Winston Churchill, the political head of the Royal Navy was also admonished, though to a lesser degree. It is the contention of this paper that the findings of the Dardanelles Commission were seriously flawed and that Fisher and Kitchener were unjustly castigated, as convenient scapegoats. This proposition will be tested against all of the relevant evidence available, including hitherto-neglected primary sources, in order to determine who in fact was responsible for that disaster. © 2011 The Author. Australian Journal of Politics and History


Micro electronic circuits are often damaged by over voltage. Shunting current,equalzing voltage, grounding and shielding are effective measurements for over voltage protection, but over voltage protection for micro electronic circuits has some features different from electrical equipment, Some special demands are applied to over voltage limit for micro electronic circuits. Based on the result of experiments, put forward two demands about computer serial communication.


This paper covers Ultra Wideband (UWB) technology. General description, implementation issues, and applications are covered. Different proposed modulation techniques; namely TH-PPM, TH-BPSK and TH-OOK are described along with some mathematical models and simulation results. Moreover, the temporal mathematical representations of several monopulse signals are illustrated, and their power spectral densities are presented. A great transformation in the design, deployment and applications of short-range wireless devices and services is in progress today. This trend is inline with the imminent transformation from third-to fourth-generation radio systems, where heterogeneous environments are expected to prevail eventually. Today, short-range devices and networks operate mainly stand alone in indoor home and office environments or large enclosed public areas, while their integration into the wireless wide-area infrastructure is still nearly nonexistent and far from trivial. This non-integration is about to be disrupted by novel devices and systems based on the immerging UWB radio technology with the potential to provide solutions for many of today's problems in the area of spectrum management and radio system engineering. The art of UWB technology is based on the utilization and sharing of already occupied spectrum resources by means of the overlay principle without causing any harmful interference to the operating systems already occupied by the spectrum (very low PSD), rather than looking for still available but possibly unsuitable new bands, thus, permitting scarce spectrum resources to be used more efficiently. This novel radio technology has recently received legal adoption by the regulatory authorities in the United States (FCC) (1). The potential classes of UWB devices, as indicated by the FCC, are many, ranging from imaging systems (ground penetrating radar, wall-imaging systems medical systems, and surveillance systems) to vehicular radar systems, and communication & measurement systems. They all have spectrum efficiency potential in common. UWB can be broadly classified as any communication system whose instantaneous bandwidth is many times greater than the minimum required to deliver particular information. The FCC uses the following two part requirement to define UWB emissions 1


The conventional and enhanced permanent magnet methods for measuring the critical current density in a high-temperature superconducting (HTS) tape have been simulated numerically. Moreover, the influence of the crack on the accuracy of the conventional method has been investigated. In order to simulate both permanent magnet methods, two types of numerical code have been developed for analysing the time evolution of a shielding current density in an HTS tape. The results of computations for the conventional method show that the maximum repulsive force acting on the tape drastically decreases when the symmetric axis of the magnet approaches the crack. On the other hand, the results of computations for the enhanced method show that the electromagnetic force near the center of the tape is roughly proportional to the critical current density. It is also found that the accuracy of the enhanced method compared with the conventional one hardly changes except for near the tape edge. Therefore, the enhanced method is a speedy and efficient method for measuring the spatial distribution of the critical current density.


The extant literatures suppose an inherent and static relationship between ownership and technological innovation performance(TIP) of enterprises,but ignore the dynamic effects caused by the changes of organizational forms.Based on the background of state-owned enterprise(SOE) reform in China and the modern firm theory,this paper interprets the dynamic relationship between ownership and TIP from the perspective of organization forms,and makes an empirical test through the negative binomial model with random effects on a panel dataset of 3751 enterprises in Shanghai from 2008 to 2012.The result shows that SOEs have better TIP than other ownerships,corporations have better TIP than non-corporations and especially the incorporated companies have best TIP.


Using first-principles (FP) methods, we have performed ab initio compute for the equation of state (EOS), thermal conductivity, and opacity of deuterium-tritium (DT) in a wide range of densities and temperatures for inertial confinement fusion (ICF) applications. These systematic investigations have recently been expanded to accurately compute the plasma properties of CH ablators under extreme conditions. In particular, the first-principles EOS and thermal-conductivity tables of CH are self-consistently built from such FP calculations, which are benchmarked by experimental measurements. When compared with the traditional models used for these plasma properties in hydrocodes, significant differences have been identified in the warm dense plasma regime. When these FP-calculated properties of DT and CH were used in our hydrodynamic simulations of ICF implosions, we found that the target performance in terms of neutron yield and energy gain can vary by a factor of 2 to 3, relative to traditional model simulations.


Drinking bottled water has become both popular and increasingly controversial.  as a result of the use of these techniques, some of the necessary elements in water are exposed to remove it such as fluoride. For this reason, the present study aimed to determine the fluoride content in both Tap Water and some types of Bottled water (Commercial) in the Baninah area -Benghazi. Six different types of bottled water from the local market, and three sampling point of tap water (water network supply) were collected for analysis of pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), and fluoride for all samples. The results revealed a decrease in total dissolved salts in some types of bottled water compared to the Libyan standard specifications for the quality of drinking water. While the Fluoride content in bottled water and tap water showed fluoride concentrations lower than 1.5 mg/l according to the WHO standards and Libyan standards for drinking water. This requires a medical study to know the other sources that compensate for the lack of fluoride in the water (tap water network supply - bottled water).


VR environments utilize compelling visual displays in an effort to simulate these up directions. What factors in the visual display contribute to the up direction? In earlier work we examined the effect of a wide-field virtual environment on the perceived up direction under different simulations of tilt (rotation around the naso-occipital axis)[3] and pitch (rotation about the inter-aural axis)[4]. We found that visual cues can be used to manipulate the perceptual up directions for both pitch and tilt, but that this effect was limited to relatively small deviations (±35°) from the gravity and body defined up directions. Here we manipulate the nature of the visual display and demonstrate that even simple wire-frame visual displays and random textured surfaces contribute to the direction that users perceive as being 'up'.


The satellite-borne computer system in the radiation space may make mistakes because of the single event upset(SEU).The triple modular redundancy(TMR) technology is a kind of fault-tolerant technique effective on SEU.Through analyzing the characteristics of the TMR reinforce circuit,two methods to realize the TMR in the ASIC design is proposed.One is to synthesize the original design by the synthesis tool DesignCompiler of Synopsys and modify the netlist,and then synthesize it again.Another is to establish the library cells which is reinforced by TMR technology.


The effect of adsorbed m-xylene on the p-xylene transport rate in MFI type zeolites with and without Bronsted acidic SiOHAl groups was investigated with and without isomerization taking place. At 3...


The internal energy of nickel at low temperatures were calculated and explained reasonably by taking contributions from electrons and ferro-magnetism into consideration, which were overlooked by Eucken and Werth who failed therefore to express the specific heat of nickel by the Debye's function containing terms of constant characteristic temperature. The relation among specific heat, energy and expansion coefficient was also explained on the basis of the Gruneisen's theory as in the case of copper, previously reported.


Introduction Minor Roles: Cameo Appearance, Great Effect Rustic Clowns in Titus Andronicus, The Taming of the Shrew, Antony and Cleopatra Servant Clowns in Romeo and Juliet, Othello, Macbeth, Timon of Athens, The Tempest Miscellaneous Clowns in Richard III, Hamlet, Pericles, Cymbeline, The Winter's Tale Major Roles: Expanded Function Bottom in A Midsummer Night's Dream, Dogberry in Much Ado About Nothing The Dromios in The Comedy of Errors, Speed and Launce in The Two Gentlemen of Verona Costard in Love's Labour's Lost, Launcelot Gobbo in The Merchant of Venice Pompey in Measure for Measure The Court Jesters in the Comedies Lavatch in All's Well That Ends Well Touchstone in As You Like It Feste in Twelfth Night The Clown as "The Bitter Fool" Thersites in Troilus and Cressida Lear's Fool in King Lear Falstaff as Clown The Henriad The Merry Wives of Windsor Clown Characteristics in Non-Clown Characters Philip the Bastard in King John Hamlet in Hamlet Conclusion Appendix: The Elizabethan Clown Bibliography Index


Junctional adhesion molecule C (JAM‐C) is a transmembrane protein with significant roles in regulation of endothelial cell (EC) functions, including immune cell recruitment and angiogenesis. As these responses are important in promoting tumor growth, the role of EC JAM‐C in tumor development was investigated using the ID8 syngeneic model of ovarian cancer. Within 10–15 wk, intraperitoneally injected ID8 cells form multiple tumor deposits and ascites that resemble human high‐grade serous ovarian cancer. Compared to wild‐type mice, survival in this model was increased in EC JAM‐C knockouts (KOs; 88 vs. 96 d, P=0.04) and reduced in EC JAM‐C transgenics (88 vs. 78.5 d, P=0.03), mice deficient in or overexpressing EC JAM‐C, respectively. While tumor growth was significantly reduced in EC JAM‐C KOs (87% inhibition at 10 wk, P<0.0005), this was not associated with alterations in tumor vessel density or immune cell infiltration. However, tumor microvessels from EC JAM‐C‐deficient mice exhibited reduced pericyte coverage and increased vascular leakage, suggesting a role for EC JAM‐C in the development of functional tumor vessels. These findings provide evidence for a role for EC JAM‐C in tumor growth and aggressiveness as well as recruitment of pericytes to newly formed blood vessels in a model of ovarian cancer.—Leinster, D. A., Colom, B., Whiteford, J. R., Ennis, D. P., Lockley, M., McNeish, I. A., Aurrand‐Lions, M., Chavakis, T., Imhof, B. A., Balkwill, F. R., Nourshargh, S., Endothelial cell junctional adhesion molecule C plays a key role in the development of tumors in a murine model of ovarian cancer. FASEB J. 27, 4244–4253 (2013). www.fasebj.org


To explore the influence of children's sports dance on the physical fitness and psychological behavior problems of children in different school period, this paper adopts literature research, teaching experiment, and mathematical statistics, to study the influence of introducing children's sports dance to the class on their physical fitness and psychological behavior problems. The research results show that children's sports dance practice can not only effectively promote the improvement of physical fitness of children in different school period, but also improve their psychological behavior problems, which is worth introduction and promotion in the kindergarten.


f criteria of the sameness of vision. Mr Casey, with a nod towards Prineipia Ethica, adopts what he calls a 'modified form of Naturalism'; the meaning of 'good' is not analytically identical with its criteria, but 'one thing may be a matter of other things without being formally definable in terms of them' (Wisdom). There is much that it is possible, and profitable, to discuss in this book, but I have room for only a few points. Nowhere does Mr Casey clearly indicate how he would defend the dogma that emotions necessarily have objects, or what he means r by 'emotion' and 'object' respectively. A propos of Kenny, upon whom Mr Casey | relies here, Gosling has shown not only the falsity of the apparent claim but also f the obscurity of much discussion in this area. It is unclear, however, what the , consequences for Mr Casey's thesis are if not all emotions are intensional. The ' logical status of a number of central claims is obscure—e.g. verbal expression becomes more natural as feelings become less primitive. It is not clear how far ! the main theses are applicable to the non-verbal arts, or even whether literature ^ is being set up as the paragon, if not the paradigm. And it would be interesting to j compare some of Mr Casey's tenets with those of Collingwood; with such views as 'for every different kind of emotion there is a different kind of expression'. . Indeed, to the extent that he supports expression theories, one might see Mr Casey '•• as trying to bring Collingwood up to date. • Literary critics will dislike Mr Casey's book for the clarity with which principles are discussed: it is all the more to be welcomed.


When young people are placed in residential treatment centres (RTCs), it is important that facility staff involve parents and other social network members (PSMs) (private relations) in the resident ...


The invention discloses a method for reducing background light radiation in a laser ranging system. The method comprises the following steps that: a color dispersion element and an aperture diaphragm are added between a filtering sheet and a photoelectric receiving device in a laser receiving system; the color dispersion element can further disperse compound light passing through a narrow band filtering sheet into monochromatic light with different distributed spaces and wavelengths; the aperture diaphragm can select light beams at the specific direction, and further can select the wavelength of a back wave so as to obtain a back wave signal with a narrower line width, thereby obtaining the aim of reducing the background light interference of a detector. The method provided by the invention has less requirements on the system filtering sheet, can obtain the back wave signal with very narrow line width, and has the characteristics of good filtering effect and simple structure.


The teaching of English as a foreign language in the Ecuadorian public schools contemplates as one of the core principles the Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) approach. Therefore, knowledge about CLIL plays an important role in the teaching-learning process and it is fundamental to define if English teachers are prepared to apply it. So, the aim of this research is to determine the knowledge and understanding of English teachers regarding this methodology, taking into consideration that teachers are crucial for its implementation inside the educational framework. The method of investigation is inductive where information from educators is collected in order to evidence their real expertise and consequently, the effective application of this educational approach. This study has been carried out in a public educational institution, with 10 participants, between 25 and 45 years old, female gender and superior educational level. The present study employs a survey-based research methodology modeled and the scaling method used to measure teachers' answers was Likert scale. Results show teachers have a scarce knowledge of the features and principles associated to this educational approach. This limited understanding affects the roles that professors have to accomplish for an appropriate involvement of CLIL in their current teaching practice. Based on the results, it is possible to conclude that CLIL is barely applied by teachers, and its implementation is restrained to the guidelines defined in the teacher's guide without having a profound comprehension and without recognizing its benefits for students.


In this art action project we join different voices to the urban fabric, building an interpersonal dialogue in which different people, all of which live in a given social space, relate the experience of that space in their inner topography. The stone, symbolic architecture of that self that stablishes coordinates and hopes to be found by other, is transformed by art in action in a communication path for the location's inhabitants. The account of the topographic experiences offered by the citizenship is analysed using a variant of the panel studies participatory methodology (Sun Woong, 2008), called "cohort" (De Keulenaer, 2008), which allows to identify the differences of the human experiences born from the social uses of each space, with the use of spoken maps of the city.


In an agriculture based economy like Nepal farm related accidents are not uncommon. Indigenous farm machinery like winnowing fan is common in our villages. Five cases of fan related head injuries presenting to the Department of Surgery, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital in a single month of winnowing season are discussed. JSSN 2015; 18 (1 ), Page: 29-31


ZG (Zhang-gradient) method is a combination of Zhang dynamics (ZD) and gradient dynamics (GD) methods. Note that ZD is a powerful method for online time-varying problems solving; and that GD is a typical method for time-invariant problems solving and now generalized for time-varying problems solving. In this paper, ZG method is exploited for the design of ZG controllers for the double-integrator (DI) system, with design processes detailed. In particular, the ZG controllers with GD included can conquer the notorious division-by-zero problem. Furthermore, computer simulations are conducted for linear [e.g., y(t) = x1(t) or y(t) = x2(t)] as well as nonlinear [e.g., y(t) = x1(t)x2(t) or y(t) = x2/1 + x2/2(t)] tracking control of the DI system. Simulation results demonstrate well the feasibility and effectiveness of ZG controllers for tracking-control problems solving.


The issue of the extent of the impact that regional economic development has on the building of a university technological innovation team has been a focus of discussion and research. This article, based on a case study from Henan University of Science and Technology, uses organizational environment theory to analyze the relationship between the building of a local university technological innovation team and the regional economy, and then proposes recommendations: to establish a diversified collaborative innovation mechanism and build a high-level research platform, give play to the dominant position of enterprises' technological innovation and build a high-level team for technological innovation, introduce and cultivate high-level technological innovation talent and complete universities' public service systems. KEYWORD: Organizational environment; Regional economy; Universities; Technological innovation; Team building


Objective
To evaluate the surgical efficacy of tibial plateau osteotomy for treatment of old tibial plateau fracture.

Methods
From March 2007 to March 2018, 18 old tibial plateau fractures were treated by tibial plateau osteotomy at the Department of Orthopedics, Central Hospital of Jilin City. They were 12 males and 6 females with a mean age of 41.2 years (from 19 to 60 years). The fracture healing time, healing rate and the Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) score for knee function at the last follow-up were recorded.

Results
This series were followed up for an average of 24 months (from 12 to 36 months). Of them, 17 obtained clinical healing, giving a healing rate of 94.4%. The healing time ranged from 4 to 16 months (average, 10 months). By the HSS score at the last follow-up, 11 cases were rated as excellent, 4 as good, 2 as fair and one as poor.

Conclusion
Tibial plateau osteotomy is an effective treatment for old tibial plateau fractures.

Key words:
Knee joint; Fracture fixation, internal; Osteotomy; Tibial plateau fracture


The nonequilibrium processes in flows of gas mixtures on the way to surface, where diamond structures formation takes place, are discussed. The main attention is focused on processes with thermal activation. Thermocatalitical phenomena in the collision of hydrogen and methane molecules with tungsten, nonequilibrium processes during transportation of active components in channels and on the way to the substrate, formation of gas atmosphere immediately close to the surface of diamond formation – all these processes relate to the field of modern physical mechanics. This statement can be related to the diamond synthesis from microwave plasma which is determined by generation of plasma from high frequency radiation and in most cases diffusion interaction of plasma with surface of deposition. The main content of studies in the Institute of Thermophysics belongs to a new direction of research, to synthesis of diamond from high velocity flow of gas mixtures or plasma.


In the current environmental condition, the increase in pollution of the air, water, and soil indirectly will induce plants stress and decrease vegetation growth rate. These issues pay more attention to be solved by scientists worldwide. The higher level of chemical pollutants also induced the gradual changes in plants metabolism and decreased enzymatic activity. Importantly, environmental biomonitoring may play a pivotal contribution to prevent biodiversity degradation and plants stress due to pollutant exposure. Several previous studies have been done to monitor the effect of environmental changes on plants growth. Among that, Near Infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) offers an alternative way to observe the significant alteration of plant physiology caused by environmental damage related to pollution. Impairment of photosynthesis, nutrient and oxidative imbalances, and mutagenesis.


The characters of the data structure course were discussed.There existed the unclear purpose of the course,serious disconnection between theoretical lecture and experiments,and the out-of-date teaching form.All these affected the students' study interest.According to the course feature,the following aspects of the course research and reform are proposed: the integration of the course contents,the reform of the teaching form and the emphasis of the course experiments.


Halo nuclei are exotic nuclei which exhibit a strongly clusterised structure: they can be seen as one or two valence nucleons loosely bound to a core. Being observed at the shoulder of the valley of stability, halo nuclei are studied mostly through reactions. In this contribution the reaction models most commonly used to analyse experimental data are reviewed and compared to one another. A reaction observable built on the ratio of two angular distributions is then presented. This ratio enables removing most of the sensitivity to the reaction mechanism, which emphasises the effects of nuclear structure on the reaction.


The article considers the approach to software evaluation, which is used for information and analytical support of the territorial administration. It is proposed to use a computational procedure based on determining the correspondence of the functional completeness particular alternative to a reference sample. A set of parameters has been formed that needs to be taken into account to select a specific information technology solution for the intended purpose. The proposed tools can be adapted to compare software systems for other purposes.


Abstract : New ship manning concepts have resulted in new demands and changing roles for personnel assigned to damage control. The changing force structure requires that designers and operators understand the capabilities of damage control teams. This includes the design, equipment, and doctrinal requirements needed for an acceptable level of ship recoverability. Limited formal structures and validated methods for assessing such capabilities exist. Methods to assess readiness and training requirements suffer from a lack of quantitative or validated approaches. This paper describes the use of manned damage control modeling techniques and readiness assessments to provide a more rational basis to assess damage control manning.


DNA undergoes photochemical reactions when exposed to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. The photochemical products cause mutations which can lead to cancer and apoptosis. Upon exposure to UV radiation, the major photochemical products are cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer (CPD) and the pyrimidine-(6-4)-pyrimidone photoadduct. After photoexcitation, relaxation from the excited ππ* state results in a [2 + 2] cycloaddition between adjacent thymine bases forming CPDs. Due to the ultrafast timescale of dimerization, it has been proposed that thymine bases must have the proper geometry before excitation. It is the purpose of this study to obtain experimental evidence for this theory: the ground state control theory. To prepare a system of thymine bases, a room temperature trehalose/sucrose glass was used to encapsulate free thymine bases, thymidine monophosphate (TMP), and thymidylyl-(3'-5')-thymidine (dTpdT) in a pH 7 buffer solution. The glass samples were irradiated with 254 nm UV light from a mercury lamp. A UV-Vis absorption spectrum was recorded for each sample at varying time intervals of irradiation until there was no further decrease in absorbance at 260 nm, indicating that the photochemical reaction is at equilibrium. The quantum yields in the sugar glass increased at least 10-fold for thymine and TMP and over 40-fold for dTpdT relative to the quantum yields in buffered solution.


The title compound is synthesized by solid state reaction of a stoichiometric mixture of PbF2, Al2O3, and H3BO3 at 430 °C.


We report the room temperature ferromagnetism and a metal–semiconductor transition at 227 K in 200 MeV Ag15+-ion irradiated thin films of Fe-implanted ZnO. The single phase nature of Fe-doped ZnO after ion irradiation is confirmed by x-ray diffraction. Magneto-resistance measurements show spin polarization below 150 K. X-ray absorption spectroscopy and x-ray magnetic circular dichroism studies at room temperature reveal that Fe is oxidized in a mixed valence (Fe2+ and Fe3+) state and the magnetic signal is due to the Fe2+ state. The observations are explained on the basis of the combined effect of carrier doping by Fe3+ and oxygen vacancies.


This paper presents the operation principle and development of a micromachined thermal convective accelerometer featured with carbon Nanotube (CNT) sensing elements. The operation principle of this accelerometers is based on convection of fluids in a chamber. A DEP deposited CNT bundle creates a symmetrical thermal profile and another two CNT bundles working as thermal detectors are placed on both sides of the heater. External acceleration will lead to redistribution of the temperature profile around the heater and will be asymmetric. The temperature difference over the two detectors is picked up and transfered to resistance difference. This device can be operated by extreme lower power compared with thermal convective accelerometers with solid heating and sensing elements. Also this sensor requires no solid proof mass and is robust to shocks.


BACKGROUND
 Approximately 30% of people living with HIV worldwide are estimated to be unaware of their infection. HIV self-testing (HIVST) is a strategy recommended by the World Health Organization which increases access to and uptake of testing among key populations who are at high risk for HIV infection.

 OBJECTIVE
 To describe the development and feasibility of a free, anonymous, Internet-based HIV self-testing (HIVST) strategy designed for men who have sex with men (MSM) in Curitiba, Brazil (E-testing).

 METHODS
 The project was developed under the scope of the "A Hora é Agora" (Time is now) program. Individuals aiming to request an HIVST package (2 tests each) answered an anonymous 5-minute questionnaire regarding inclusion criteria and sexual risk behavior. Eligible individuals could receive one package every 6 months for free. Website analytics, response to online questionnaires, packages distribution, and return of test results were monitored via a platform-integrated system.

 RESULTS
 Between February 2015 and January 2016, the website documented 17,786 unique visitors with 3,218 provided complete answers to the online questionnaires. Most individuals self-reported being white (77%), young (median age was 25 years, interquartile range 22-31), educated (87.3% complete secondary education or more), and had previously tested for HIV (62.5%). Overall, 2,526 HIVST packages were delivered; of those, 542 (21.4%) reported a result online or by mail (23 reactive and 11 invalid). During the study period, 37 individuals reporting to have used E-testing visited the pre-specified health facility for confirmatory testing (30 positive; 7 negative).

 CONCLUSIONS
 E-testing proved highly feasible and acceptable in this study, thus supporting scale-up to additional MSM population centers in Brazil.


Cartoon movies have a wide range of fans at different ages, including the adults. However, it is undeniable that cartoons play an important role for the children aged over five in shaping their social values, as well as their relations to the material world. The animation of My Life as a Teenage Robot (MLAATR) is an American animated television series produced by Frederator Studios for Nickelodeon Channel. This paper aims at discussing the potential impacts of cartoon movie 'My Life as a Teenage Robot (MLAATR)' in raising awareness on architecture and design culture among children and teenagers. The study has established on two major tasks; the first is a comprehensive analysis of the architectural character represented in the movie and the second is the discussion of the results of a workshop arranged for a group of children.


A total of 200 meat product samples of beef burger, sausage, minced meat and luncheon were randomly collected from different shops and markets in El-Gharbia and Kafr-El-Sheikh governorates. The samples from 3 brands A, B and C were examined for the presence S. aureus using classical bacteriological and molecular methods. The obtained results revealed that the 2, 1 and 4 samples of beef burger, sausage and minced meat respectively, were positive for S. aureus by PCR. Additionally multiplex PCR was used for detection of five S. aureus virulence classic enterotoxin genes (sea, seb, sec, sed and see). The obtained results revealed that the beef burger samples harbored (1) seb gene; meanwhile sausage sample harbored (1) sea gene and minced meat samples harbored (2) sea, (1) sec and (1) sed genes. This study offers the basis for further phenotypic and molecular characterization S. aureus isolated from these products to guarantee safe consumption of meat products.


Abstract The proper identification of the town that Christian travellers described as biblical Beersheba during the Crusader, Medieval, and Early Modern periods is key to understanding many pilgrim accounts, and none more so than that of Henry Timberlake. During these periods Christian pilgrim viewed Bayt Jibrīn as biblical Beersheba, not Bi'r al-Sab' as most scholars do today. Once this identification is clear it is possible to trace the likely route Timberlake followed from Gaza to Bayt Jibrīn and on to the Hebron area. Timberlake's caravan had the choice of two roads as they left Bayt Jibrīn and, in part because of the social conditions of 1601, I argue the caravan took the more northerly road to reach the Hebron area as opposed to the better known and southerly Roman Road.


When Thomas Graham Jackson was an undergraduate at Wadham College, Oxford, in the 1850s, the system of teaching was as it had been for hundreds of years. There were lectures in the individual colleges, given by college tutors, and lectures given by the University professors, which were, in Jackson's words, "a mere farce". The latter were held in such University buildings as were then available; Jackson, for example, attended lectures in Bishop Cobham's Library above the old Congregation House, attached to St Mary's Church. Otherwise, the centre of University teaching was the old Schools ranged round the Schools Quadrangle, with the Bodleian Library on the floors above, and it was here that Jackson, in 1858, sat the examinations that brought him his third in literae humaniores. Quite apart from the drawbacks of the educational system, which drove any serious student to a coach rather than rely on what the University or his college could offer him, the situation with regard to physical accommodation was far from satisfactory. The University required proper rooms for lectures and examinations, as well as offices for non-collegiate students and Delegates of local examinations, and the Bodleian required extra space for its collection of over 300,000 volumes, which was growing at the rate of about 7,000 a year. It was clearly out of the question that the Library should move from its existing premises, and with the idea of erecting a new Schools building, the University purchased in 1866, from Oriel and Magdalen Colleges, the Angel Hotel in the High Street. Over the next four or five years, more adjoining property was purchased the total cost of the "Angel site" approaching ?40,000 but it was not until 1870 that any definite step was taken towards the erection of a new building. In spite of having bought the site, it was not certain that this would be used for the Schools; one alternative, still debated in 1875, was that Hertford College, opposite the main entrance to the Bodleian and in a state of considerable dilapidation, should be taken over. However, in 1870 designs for new Schools were prepared by G.E. Street and T. N. Deane (Fig. 1) the former had already built the Church of St Philip and St James in Oxford, the latter the Meadow Building at Christ Church and Deane's design was selected by the committee appointed; but it was rejected by Convocation, the legislative assembly of the University. In June, 1872, a fresh competition was held, for which Street, Deane, Waterhouse (then engaged on the new buildings for Balliol), John Oldrid Scott and A.W. Blomfield were invited to submit designs. Street and Waterhouse declined to take part, on the grounds that Deane's design had already been accepted, and that the competition was therefore not proper; but it went ahead nonetheless, and this time Scott's design was selected, only to be thrown out, once more, by Convocation.


We construct two sequences of orthogonal polynomials with respect to the inner products which are defined by q-integrals over a collection of intervals in the complex plane. We prove that they are connected with some q-analogies of the Laguerre polynomials. For such introduced polynomials, we discuss a few representations, a recurrence relation, a difference equation, a Rodrigues-type formula and a generating function. In addition, a relationship between those two sequences is found.


Introduction: Pneumococcal infection after influenza A infection lead more frequently to an invasive pneumonia. We describe a patient with influenza A and a pneumococcal co-infection who developed a severe septic shock with cavitary pneumonia and multi organ failure. early recognition and treatment of a co-infection is important in the prevention of a more serious course of the disease. Case history: A 64-year-old female, was admitted to the Icu with respiratory failure en septic shock with multiple organ failure. Her medical history compromised atrial fibrillation and hyperthyroidism. she suffered from fever, coughing and dyspnoea which started one week before admission. The chest radiograph showed bilateral infiltrates (figure 1). diagnostic tests showed positive Pcr for pneumococcus and influenza A. complementary blood cultures showed Streptococcus pneumoniae. Immediately after taking blood cultures and viral Pcr, we started antibiotic and antiviral therapy. Intubation, inotropic support and continuous venous hemofiltration were required. The patient underwent prolonged postural drainage, prone position and several bronchoscopies treating sputum retention. A computed tomography of the chest revealed cavitating pneumonia (figure 2). After a few weeks the patient recovered from the multiple organ failure and started weaning from the ventilator. she was discharged from the Icu after two months of admission (figure 3). After two months of rehabilitation the patient restarted her work as a nurse. Discussion: Approximately 250.000-500.000 people die of influenza worldwide, of which a significant fraction of influenza deaths can be attributed to bacterial infections, either during, or closely following influenza infection. An important influenza co-infection is pneumonia, caused primarily by Streptococcus pneumonia.1 Although the mechanisms underlying the association between the severity of influenza and pneumococcal infections are still poorly understood, there are a number of mechanisms involved. viral infections facilitate bacterial colonization, adhesion and translocation through the epithelial barrier. In fact, clearing the way for bacterial disease. Pneumococcal infection after influenza infection lead more frequently to invasive pneumonia. In conclusion, it is clinically relevant to start with the combination of antiviral and antibacterial treatment in case of suspicion of a co-infection. This is of particular importance during the influenza season.2 The co-treatment is only beneficial Case Reports Intensivistendagen 2014


Pineapple waste medium was used to cultivate yeast, Candida utilis. It served as the sole carbon and energy source for the yeast growth. However, pineapple waste media contain very little nitrogen (0.003-0.015% w/v). Various nitrogen sources were incorporate and their effects on biomass, yield and productivity were studied. Significant (p<0.05) increment on biomass production was observed when nitrogen supplement (commercial yeast extract, peptone, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium sulphate and potassium nitrate) was added into fermentation medium. Commercial yeast extract, Maxarome which increased 55.2% of biomass production at 0.09% (w/v) nitrogen content, is the most suitable among the selected organic source. On the other hand, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate at 0.09% (w/v) nitrogen content is comparable inorganic source which enhanced 53.7% of production. Total nitrogen content of each treatment at 0.05% (w/v) showed that nitrogen supplied was not fully utilized as substrate limitation in the fermentation medium.


Introduction : About two-thirds of pituitary adenomas may secrete excess hormones. While radiation therapy provides excellent radiographic local control for functioning adenomas, the actuarial rate of biochemical normalization is far less predictable and heavily depends on histology .The goal of pituitary adenoma radiosurgery is to permanently control tumor growth, maintain pituitary function, normalize hormonal secretion in the case of functional adenomas, and preserve neurological function, especially vision.The major role of pituitary adenoma stereotactic radiosurgery(SRS) is as an adjuvant to surgical resection, although it has a primary role for selected cases that are higher medical risk for general anesthesia or microsurgery, for patients with cavernous sinus tumor involvement, and for patients who consciously choose not to undergo microsurgery. Treatment of pituitary hormonal hyper- and hypofunction is necessary to optimize overall quality of life and reduce comorbidities and mortality. These patients require life-long observation to ensure optimal hormonal management and monitor for tumor recurrence.While surgical excision offers rapid biochemical remission,SRS has a long latency period. It may extend upto 2 years. Amongst all functional adenomas,Prolactinomas have the longest time for remission. As on date there are no clear guidelines for SRS with respect tofunctional pituitary tumors. There are very few outcome predictors post SRS.In the backdrop of no clear cut guidelines this retrospective study was undertaken and attempt has been made to come up with management guidelines for functional pituitary tumors. Materials &Methods : This retrospective study was conducted in a tertiary care institute with facility of Gamma Knife Radiosurgery .All pituitary tumors treated with SRS were included in this study from 2007 to 2016.All cases were followed up for a period of 2 years.Almost all cases were subjected to SRS following surgery based on radiological evidence of mass effect. Functional Pituitary tumors(FPA) were given a dose of 20 Gy while the Non Functional Pituitary Tumors(NFPA) were offered dose of 15 Gy. They were monitored for endocrinological improvement and visual field defects. Observation : Our study has shown that combined treatment is the ideal treatment of choice as it provides control of tumor growth and also endocrinological control in 84% of tumors.Main complications include hypopituitarism and visual deterioration.Largetumr is a potential risk factor for recurrence. Conclusion: This study prove that SRS has a definite role in management of Functional pituitary tumors.


From the perspective of the influence of explosive performance on the effects of blasting vibration,using the explicit nonlinear dynamic analysis software LS- DYNA,the numerical simulations on bench blasting of mixed emulsified explosive and mixed AN-oil explosive are completed.And the attenuation laws of peak particle velocity of mixed emulsified explosive and mixed AN- oil explosive are comparatively analyzed according the numerical simulation result,which shows that two kinds of explosive with different performance cause the difference ratio of blasting vibration up to 34% in vertical direction.Combining with the experiments of the blasting vibration monitoring,it is concluded that the performance of explosive is an effective mean to decrease the effect of blasting vibration,which extends the method of reducing the blasting vibration.


The study of protein molecular surfaces enable to better understand and predict protein interactions. Different methods have been developed in computer vision to compare surfaces that can be applied to protein molecular surfaces. The present work proposes a method using the the Wave Kernel Signature : Protein LOcal Surficial Similarity Screening (PLO3S). The descriptor of the PLO3S method is a local surface shape descriptor projected on a unit sphere mapped onto a 2D plane and called Surface Wave Interpolated Maps (SWIM). PLO3S allows to rapidly compare protein surface shapes through local comparisons to filter large protein surfaces datasets in protein structures virtual screening protocols.


Inadequate occupation of rural areas and the intense exploitation of natural resources characterized by conflicting land use, as well as the divestiture process educational and productive rural population which is subjected, deepens social problems already identified at the end of the last century. The paper aims to study the complex reality of the rural municipality of Derrubadas, as an effort to build knowledge and analysis, identifying the landscaping design in the diversity of natural and social factors present, relatively homogeneous areas and the aspects socioenvironmental gifts in one of them. In the study we used methodological procedures and techniques for qualitative and quantitative approaches. Was done using the analysis of secondary data, reading the landscape, interviewing qualified informants and the community involved, besides the construction of thematic maps using the software spring and physical-chemical analysis of water samples. As a result, is observed the uneven occupation of rural areas of the county, with a large concentration of its population in vulnerable rural areas , low in suitability for agricultural use, limited in terms of production and land. For the community studied, retirement and welfare benefit (family bag) are present in income of 75% of the families interviewed. The result of water analysis, virtually all sources remained outside the potability standards established by the Ministry of Health, particularly the presence of total and fecal coliforms. These results are strongly related to social conditions encountered in the community, where 42% of households do not have an indoor bathroom and 50% of the houses, waste products are designed the-sky-opened. Allied to this variable, the lack of environmental planning of areas, mainly springs region, contributing to worsening levels of contamination found and highlights the environmental problems of such a community.


A simple method of targeting periodic dynamics appearing in semiconductor lasers subject to optical feedback is demonstrated. Possible applications of the technique in chaotic communications are identified, and its advantages for chaos control are discussed.


We have studied the effects of various PDB‐causing mutations of SQSTM1 on the in vitro ubiquitin‐binding properties of the p62 protein. All mutations caused loss of monoubiquitin‐binding and impaired K48‐linked polyubiquitin‐binding, which was only evident at physiological temperature. This suggests that SQSTM1 mutations predispose to PDB through a common mechanism that depends on loss of ubiquitin‐binding by p62.


It is an overview involving the key aspect of evidence based medicine that is important in solving the clinical problem arising nowadays. It also describes the components or principles involved in evidence based medicine and its evolution. Besides, the five steps involved in practicing evidence based medicine are discussed here. This article also reveals the advantages and highlights the limitation of practicing evidence based medicine. The applications of evidence based medicine are also being explained in brief followed by a case report.


Ag(CN)2- is reduced at a low rate by radiolytically generated hydroxymethyl radicals. The reduction occurs on tiny nuclei in solution formed by hydrolysis. When colloidal silver seed particles are present in the solution, the reduction of Ag(CN)2- is much faster, and larger silver particles with a narrow size distribution are produced. A mechanism is proposed, in which the •CH2OH radicals transfer electrons to the seed particles, and the stored electrons finally reduce Ag(CN)2- directly on the surface of the seeds. The limitations of this kind of radiolytic particle enlargement are discussed. In the presence of colloidal platinum, Ag(CN)2- is also rapidly reduced by the organic radicals. Bimetallic particles of the PtcoreAgshell type with a rather nonsymmetric shape of the shell are formed; despite this irregular structure, the optical spectra agree fairly well with literature spectra calculated for symmetric bimetallic particles.


Tripodal tetradentate ligands (H2L1: N,N-bis(2-hydroxybenzyl)-N′,N′-dimethylethylenediamine, H2L2: N-(3,5-di-t-butyl-2-hydroxybenzyl)-N-(2-hydroxybenzyl)-N′,N′-dimethylethylenediamine, H2L3: N,N-bis(3,5-di-t-butyl-2-hydroxybenzyl)-N′,N′-dimethylethylenediamine, H2L4: N,N-bis(2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl)-N′,N′-dimethylethylenediamine, H2L5: N-(3,5-di-t-butyl-2-hydroxybenzyl)-N-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl)-N′,N′-dimethylethylenediamine) made it possible to prepare sterically controlled polynuclear manganese complexes. In the presence of carboxylate ligands, in contrast to the L3 ligand which gave mononuclear MnIII complexes, the other ligands afforded mixed-valence trinuclear complexes with an MnIII–MnII–MnIII arrangement. In methanol, the general formula of the products is [Mn3(L)2(carboxylato)2(OCH3)2]. While preparations in acetonitrile generated [Mn3(L1)2(ba)4] (ba = benzoate(1−)) and [Mn3(L2)2(ba)2(OH)2]. The structure of [Mn3(L1)2(ba)4] was determined by X-ray analysis. The three manganese cores are arra...


Three races of silkworm, Bombyx mori L. namely univoltine "Bagdad", bivoitine"J×C" (at high incubating temperature) and nondiapausing multivotine "Vietnam"were used as materials in these studies. The brain was fixed in Susa or Bouin. Afterfixation it was embedded in paraffin wax and sectioned at 5μ. The serial sections werestained with Mallory's triple stain, somewhat modified, and Gomori's chrome alum-hematoxylin philoxine. The former method proved excellent for the purpose of thesestudies. The neurosecretory cells observed in the brain are arranged in four groups, namelymedial, lateral, posterior and sternopleural groups in each half of the brain, in all eightgroups. The two medial groups are close together on each side of the midline on thedorsal and anterior parts of the pars intercerebralis. The two lateral groups are situateddorsally beside the medial groups. The posterior groups are located on the posteriorparts of the pars intercerebralis. The two sternopleural groups which had not been men-tioned by other authors before are located on the ventral and external-lateral parts, nearthe oesophageal commissure of the brain. The medial neursecretory cells of the univoltine race "Bagdad" were classified intofive types, namely A-, B-, C-, D- and E-cell, which could be distinguished by their sizeand staining reactions with Mallory's procedures. A-cell stained purple, measuring38μ to 42μ in major diameter (without containing of the large vacuole), B-cell which isintensely acidophil, stained deep red, measuring 19μ to 24μ, C-cell stained light grayish-blue, measuring 23μ to 29μ, D-cell stained deep-blue, measuring 18μ to 23μ, E-cellstained deep purple, slender in shape, measuring 24μ to 29μ. The number of the neurosecretory cells in the univoltine "Bagdad" is about 36 onthe fourth day of 5th larval stage, about 46 in the beginning of the pupal stage, about 48and 50 on the third day and seventh day of the pupal stage, respectively. The difference between univoltine "Bagdad" and multivoltine "Vietnam" withrespect to the neurosecretory cells of the brain is the absence of the "B-cell" in the parsintercerebralis of the brain in the nondiapausing multivoltine race.


The best algorithm known for finding logarithms on an elliptic curve (E) is the (parallelized) Pollard lambda collision search. We show how to apply a Pollard lambda search on a set of equivalence classes derived from E, which requires fewer iterations than the standard approach. In the case of anomalous binary curves over F 2 m, the new approach speeds up the standard algorithm by a factor of √2m.