Multivariate optical computing (MOC) is an all-optical approach of predictive spectroscopy that utilizes multivariate calibration and spectral pattern recognition techniques while operating in a simple filter photometer instrument, removing the need for expensive instrumentation and post-processing of spectral data. This is accomplished with specially designed interference filters called multivariate optical elements (MOEs). MOC can provide analytical solutions for applications requiring low cost, rugged, and simple to operate instrumentation for use in remote and hazardous environments such as open ocean waters. These instrument specifications are central for developing a method for classifying phytoplankton in their natural environment. Phytoplankton are photosynthetic single cell algae and cyanobacteria that inhabit nearly all natural bodies of water The size and taxonomic composition of the phytoplankton community structure has global implications on carbon transport. This dissertation describes the development of a single streak imaging multivariate optical computing (SSIMOC) method for single-cell classification of phytoplankton. The discussion of the SSIMOC method is broken into four main categories: MOE design and fabrication, design and protocol of filter photometer instrumentation, analysis of SSIMOC data images of known cultured phytoplankton, and testing in coastal ocean water at Martha's Vineyard Coastal Observatory. The designing and fabrication of MOEs for traditional predictive spectroscopy is reviewed as well a discussion on modifying these models for applying predictive spectroscopy to classification of phytoplankton. A theoretical model is presented for classifying three species


We present results of AKARI/IRC near-infrared (NIR) slit-spectroscopy (2.5–5.0 µ m, R ∼ 100) of Galactic sources, focusing on ice absorption features. We investigate the abundance of H 2 O and CO 2 ices and other ice species (CO and XCN ices) along lines of sight towards Galactic H ii regions, massive YSOs, and infrared diffuse sources. Even among those different kinds of astronomical objects, the abundance ratio of CO 2 to H 2 O ices does not vary significantly, suggesting that the pathway to CO 2 ice formation driven by UV irradiation is not effective at least among the present


Hemorrhoids occur due to inflammation of the rectoanal venous plexus, which causes inflammation, pain, and can cause lumps. This inflammation can cause difficulty in defecation and can even cause heavy bleeding. Empirically Tapak Liman (Elephantopus scaber) leaves have been used to treat hemorrhoids and have been known to contain flavonoids and terpenoid lactones which are active as an anti-inflammatory. Objective: To determine the anti hemorrhoidal activity of E. scaber leaves in reducing inflammation in hemorrhoids in Wistar rats. Material and method: The research begins with the extraction of E. scaber leaves with 70% ethanol as solvent. Extracts were analyzed for total flavonoid content with quercetin standard. Antihemorrhoidal activity was measured based on the degree of edema formed based on the weight of the rectum through the surgical process. Rats were induced with croton oil on the anorectal area for three days. The treatments for the test group were 50, 100, and 200 mg/kgW. The drug control group used oral diclofenac sodium for seven days. Result: E. scaber leaf ethanol extract contains alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and polyphenols. The flavonoid level was 3.433mgQE/g extract. This study showed that E. scaber leaf extract had the best anti hemorrhoidal activity at a dose of 100 mg/kgW with a significance value of p<0.05. Conclusion: The ethanol extract of E.scaber leaves containing flavonoids provides a fairly good anti-hemorrhoid activity compared to the control drug diclofenac sodium.


Background. Energy resource is one of the main components of a successful country. The possibility of using environmentally clean and affordable renewable energy and creating systems for taking solar radiation is a priority in ensuring the economic energyindependence of the state. At present, there are a variety of solar systems according to the technical solution and their use: thermo- and photovoltaic, systems with metal absorbers, solar stations for industrial or private electricity generation, for hot water supply, heating, air conditioning, and other technological needs. But questions about effective insolation and the choice of materials for these systems remainopen. Therefore, the development of efficient solar collectors (SC) with a rational choice of their geometric and thermophysical parametersis absolutely relevant.Objective.The purpose if the paper is to explore and develop efficient devices with maximum absorber throughput and minimization of heat loss.Methods. Analysis of developments of solar collectors by their shape and technical characteristics.Results. According to the review, new developments of solar collectors are marked by the originality and novelty of the technical solution. Corrugated pipe, cellular polycarbonate, activated carbon, a tangle of heat-conducting wire are usedas the absorber material,and the additional heat-accumulating coating – a solution of Glauber's salt is applied. The inventions can be used in heating and hot water supply systems, indoor air heating, and in equipment that converts electromagnetic radiation from the sun into thermal energy for heating liquid coolants, as well as into electrical energy. For the maximum power of the collector, a receiving surface with a coating of high solarenergy capacity is used and thermal insulation is additionally installed to minimize heat loss. The authors of the article developed and patented a fundamentally new geometric spherical SC.Conclusions. The creation of new and improvement of existing SC ensures energy independence both in the private sector and nationwide, as well as to take care of the environment.The spherical shape allows you to use it effectively during the day.


In this paper, we argue that teacher‐researchers, especially those in politically contested school communities, should be encouraged to conduct critical action research that is contextually bound. Such a research methodology includes tenets of critical action research, postmodern and feminist theory, and attention to how oppression manifests in educational institutions. Utilizing reflections from our students of action research as well as our own reflective journals, we address three questions: How can action research be more applicable in urban contexts? How can action research be used in processes of urban education reform? How can educational researchers (both university and K–12) continue to advocate for an action research that is critical, emancipatory and empowering for all stakeholders?


The invention discloses an LVDT sensor signal detection circuit and a detection method thereof. The detection circuit comprises a frequency generation circuit. The frequency generation circuit is connected with an LVDT sensor sequentially through an analog filter circuit and a drive circuit. A secondary coil of the LVDT sensor is connected with an envelope analysis module and a fault judgement module sequentially through an amplitude processing circuit and an A/D conversion module. The detection method comprises the steps that a primary coil outputs sine 0 phase; after delay, the phase of the secondary coil is judged; the duration of 0 phase of the secondary coil is recorded; according to recorded delay data, the secondary coil of the LVDT sensor carries out signal acquisition; whether signal amplitude, phase and acceleration are within a normal range is judged through the envelope analysis module and the fault judgement module; and failures are detected corresponding to different situations. According to the invention, detection and failure diagnosis are integrated into a whole body, and diagnostic coverage and flexibility are high.


, AND G. R. CASE. 1976. Cobelodus aculeatus (Cope), an anacanthous shark from Pennsylvanian black shales of North America. Palaeontographica Abt. A Bd. 154:107-157. 3. Inte relationships of early chondricha s, p. 1-14. In: Interrelationships of fishes. P. reenw od, R. S. Miles and C. Patterson (eds.). l. . Li n. Soc., Lond., suppl. 1, 53. 1. Paleozoic Elasmobranchii, p. -115. : andb ok of paleoic thyology. Vol. 3A. H. P. ltze (ed ). Gustav Fischer Verlag, New York, , AND S. RICHARDSON, JR. 1963. The paleoecological history of two Pennsylvanian black shales. Fieldiana: Geol. Mem. 4:1-352. , AND M. WILLIAMS. 1975. New evidence on the nature of the jaw suspension in Paleozoic anacanthous sharks. Palaeontology 18:333-341.


The paper introduces the determination of production scale, product position, model selection of paper machine and the general condition of test run, such as efficiency, output and product quality etc., of the 200 thousand tons/year light weight coated paper project.


The electrical/optical properties and surface structures of polypyrrole (PPy) thin films, which were prepared by liquid phase polymerization (LPP) and vapor phase polymerization (VPP) of pyrrole using FTS as an initiatior are compared. The PPy thin film prepared by VPP showed superior surface resistance characteristics as compared with that prepared by LPP. We investigated the relation between surface morphology of PPy film and surface resistance by surface characteristic analysis. The surface of PPy thin film prepared by VPP was smoother than that prepared by LPP. Micro-patterned PPy thin film could be prepared effectively using VPP-combined ink-jet printing and soft lithography.


On the basis of the analysis of the German memoir literature the author shows the interpretation of the events in the environs of Moscow (1941) in the memoirs of German generals. The author comes to a conclusion about obligatory use of memoirs as a historical source for the historical research.


In this paper, we propose an approach that uses a two-tier blockchain framework and a trust-based protection mechanism to increase the security and autonomy of smart objects in the IoT. The proposed approach groups the involved smart objects into suitable communities. The two blockchains perform different, but complementary, tasks. Indeed, the first-tier blockchain is local and records probing transactions performed to evaluate the trust of one smart object in another. Periodically, after a time window, the probing transactions are aggregated to determine the reputation of each smart object within its community and the trust of one community in each of the others. These values are stored in the second-tier blockchain. This paper describes the proposed approach, the underlying framework, the behavior, the security model and a test carried out to evaluate its performance.


We predict that a nonequilibrium phase transition, analogous to optical bistability, occurs when coherent radiation is applied to an unbiased Josephson junction with an external resistance across it. The order parameter is the self-consistently developed dc voltage, and the drive parameter is the applied radiation intensity. The order parameter exhibits jump and hysteresis behavior characteristic of a first-order phase transition. The size of the hysteresis region can be tuned by varying the resistance. An approach based on the Fokker-Planck equation is adopted. The extremum of the stationary probability yields the self-consistency equation for the mean-field order parameter. Relaxation and decay times are calculated, the decay times being identified with the first passage time. Estimates of parameters show that the bistable regime could be experimentally accessible.


The paper presents an intrusion detection model in CORBA distributed object applications based on immunological principles, with signatures based on sequences of clients requests to CORBA objects. During live operation, each new signature is compared with the self database contains all of the signatures collected during the training period, and concentrated bursts of anomalies signal an attack. The experimental results show the models effectiveness in detecting anomaly clients in CORBA distributed object applications.


The article discusses issues of ensuring economic and food security of the country in terms of globalization, the peculiarities of state control and regulation of the economy and efficiency of the economic resources of society for the production of economic goods to meet public needs, increasing the level of income and quality of life of the population. The article focuses on assessing the current situation and analyzing foreign experience, studying the main issues of organizing commodity movement, solving problems of wholesale food trade, and improving the mechanism of state support in this area to realize Russia's competitive advantages and opportunities in the domestic and international markets.


Multilevel converters are very interesting for medium and high power applications because of their high efficiency and lower distortion harmonic and many other advantages. This paper investigates the effect of finite control set model predictive control (FCS-MPC) on capacitor voltage balancing and load current ripple in a four level three cell flying capacitor (FC) converter and compared with phase shifted carrier pulse width modulation method (PSC-PWM). The FCS-MPC method is presented as a simple strategy that can control multiple variables. The simulation results are used to propose a comparison between two control methods. The results such as current ripple and voltage balancing are displayed in tables for comparison. In this paper simulation is performed using MATLAB/Simulink software.


CD22 is a key receptor on B-lymphocytes that modulates signaling during antigenic stimulation. We have defined a novel cytoplasmic motif in human CD22 that controls its unusually rapid turnover at the plasma membrane. Chimeric and mutated CD22α cDNA vectors were constructed and stably transfected in CD22-negative Jurkat T-lymphocytic cells. Two assays were employed to measure CD22α internalization: first, cytoplasmic uptake of radioiodinated anti-CD22 monoclonal antibody; and second, lethal targeting of a toxin, saporin, into cells via CD22 using bispecific F(ab′)2([anti-CD22 × anti-saporin]) antibody. Results showed that CD22α lacking a cytoplasmic tail was not internalized and that replacement of the cytoplasmic tail of CD19 with that of CD22α resulted in a chimeric molecule that behaved like CD22α and internalized rapidly. Step-wise deletion of the cytoplasmic tail of CD22α located the internalization motif to a polar region of 11 residues (QRRWKRTQSQQ) proximal to the plasma membrane, a part of the molecule predicted to form a coil or turn structure. Interestingly, additional CD22 mutants showed that the two glutamine residues sandwiching the serine are critical to internalization but that the serine itself is not.


where k is the second order rate constant for the uncatalysed bromination, k« is the catalytic rate constant in the presence of the catalyst and K 1 and k r are respectively the equilibrium formation constant and the decomposition rate constant of the a-complexes of Br; and ArH in the case of the inhibited bromination in the presence of added bromide. The (kHlkD) value (-1.0) in the uncatalysed and the catalysed bromination shows the absence of any primary kinetic isotope effect. In contrast the kHlkD value increases as the added bromide concentration increases. This is attributed to a competition of bromide ion with free bromine for bromination. The kHlkD values of 2.6 and 1.17 respectively for the Br; and Br, brominations show that the bromination by the former exhibits a primary kinetic isotope effect.


Vadasy, O'Connor, Introduction. O'Connor, Phoneme Awareness and the Alphabetic Principle. Roberts, Preschool Foundations for Reading and Writing Success. Spear-Swerling, Phases in Reading Words and Phonics Interventions. Nunes, Bryant, Morphemic Approaches for Reading Words. Gerber, Richards-Tutor, Teaching Spelling to Students with Learning Difficulties. McKeown, Beck, Making Vocabulary Interventions Engaging and Effective. Hudson, Fluency Problems: When, Why, and How to Intervene. Jitendra, Gajria, Main Idea and Summarization Instruction to Improve Reading Comprehension. Klingner, Morrison, Eppolito, Metacognition to Improve Reading Comprehension. Williams, Pao, Teaching Narrative and Expository Text Structure to Improve Comprehension. Abbott, Greenwood, Buzhardt, Wills, Terry, Peer-Mediated Approaches. Vadasy, Supplemental Reading Instruction by Paraeducators and Tutors: Recent Research and Applications. Ferretti, De La Paz, On the Comprehension and Production of Written Texts: Instructional Activities That Support Content-area Literacy. Orosco, O'Connor, Cultural Aspects of Teaching Reading with Latino English Language Learners. O'Connor, Goodwin, Teaching Older Students to Read.


In the nearly fifty-years since the Supreme Court handed down its decision in Overton Park, the doctrine of hard look review as applied to administrative decisions has dramatically changed the way courts analyze and scrutinize agency action. Despite the deference owed to agencies under the Chevron-framework, hard look review continues to keep federal agencies on their toes, and enables courts to scrutinize an agency's decision when the finding of the agency, or the logic employed by it, doesn't add up. While the doctrine is now well-recognized on the federal level, and has been extensively written about by legal scholars, there has been little attention paid to the agencies and courts which most often impact the daily lives of people: those on the state level.

This fifty-state survey of hard-look review in the states seeks to be a one-stop resource for scholars, lawyers, policymakers, and jurists by providing a complete survey of how every state's courts are reviewing administrative actions. By providing the reader with an analysis of over 150 cases, this survey draws a map of the current state of hard look review in the states, and will allow those doing research in the area to more efficiently determine how the courts in a given state will scrutinize the actions of an administrative agency.


With a chiller system having an inlet (A) and an outlet (B), the chiller system comprising: at least a first cooler (23, 24) and a second cooler (20, 21, , 23, 24), wherein the first cooler (23, 24) and a second cooler (23, 24) is arranged connected in series, the chiller system further comprising at least a third cooler (23, 24), the third cooler is arranged with the first cooler (23, 24) and a second cooler (20, 23, 24) are connected in parallel, and the chiller system includes means for directing fluid through at least one cooler (23, 24) of the at least one flow control device, wherein the at least one cooler (23, 24) comprises a bypass line and / or a recirculation loop (35).


In recent years, domino logic has received much attention. But in the case of standard domino logic, only non-inverting gates are allowed. Then, clock-delayed (CD) domino logic, that realizes any logic gate, has been proposed. Moreover, the domino logic has another drawback in that it is very sensitive to noise induced by crosstalk. Therefore, we focus our attention on crosstalk faults in CD domino circuits. In order to realize an efficient fault simulation, in this paper we propose a new method of target fault reduction, considering conflicts of signal values in the circuit and dominance of faults. In addition, we introduce a faster fault simulation method, which uses only logic values without handling details of the timing events of circuits.


The reaction of equimolar amounts of trans-[ReOCl3(PPh3)2] and 2-aminobenzimidazole in acetone containing 1% water led to the isolation of trans-[ReO(OH)Cl2(PPh3)2]. The product has been characterized by infrared spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography. The hydroxo group is coordinated trans to the oxo group, with the respective bond lengths Re–OH = 1.911(3) and Re=O = 1.815(3) Å.


Abstract Do mildly depressed individuals make different judgments about personally relevant events than their normal peers? Previous studies have examined this issue in regard to predictions: the present study considers whether these predictions correspond to recall of past events. Dysphoric and normal subjects made predictions about positive and negative events in their personal and academic worlds, and indicated whether these same events had occurred in the previous four weeks. Subjects' reports a month later demonstrated that the normal group recalled, predicted, and subsequently reported more positive than negative events, whereas the dysphoric group recalled, predicted, and later reported an equivalent number of positive and negative events. The normal subject appear to believe that their life consists of more positive happenings than negative, whereas the dysphoric subjects perceive the future and the past as involving similar proportions of positive and negative events.


Smart cities are evolving into a larger interconnected ecosystems and many applications and services in these ecosystems are going on-line. A key challenge in smart city applications is aggregation and processing of streaming information from various domains. In fact, large amounts of valuable data and sensor information remain still unused or are limited to specific application domains due to large number of specific technologies and format, and efficient adaptive stream processing for high-level events is still a hard task. We present a smart city framework for processing large-scale IoT data streams by enriching data streams with semantic annotations, enabling adaptive processing, aggregation and federation of data. We also address the challenges of smart adaptation, user centric decision support and reliable information processing for smart city applications.


The Spatial Online Analytical Processing (SOLAP) for Indonesia Agricultural Commodity has successfully developed in the previous study. The SOLAP system is integrated to the data warehouse which manages historical data of agricultural commodities including horticultures, food crops, plantations, and livestock. Indicators of the agricultural commodities are productivity, production and harvested area that are represented based on the district and year when the data are released. In order to provide update information to users, this study aims to develop an Extract, Transform, Load (ETL) module for the SOLAP. The data used in this study are productivity, production, and harvested area of agricultural commodities that were collected from Agricultural Statistics Database developed by Ministry of Agriculture Indonesia. The ETL module was created by adopting the Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN) for conceptual modeling and Architecture Graph for logical design. The open source ETL application Kettle was used in the ETL module implementation. Testing phase using the verification and validation approach shows that the ETL module has been successfully executed as many 105,676 rows of data and all jobs implemented work properly.


Abstract Briggs et al. (1943) have reported that chicks receiving a purified diet deficient in nicotinic acid occasionally develop perosis. Briggs (1946) has shown that from 3 to 5 mg. of nicotinic acid per 100 gm. of a purified diet will prevent perosis in turkey poults. Data are presented at this time to show that chicks receiving a simplified diet, high in corn and containing 5 percent gelatin, require nicotinic acid to prevent perosis. The basal mixture consisted of the ingredients indicated in Table 1. Ten day-old female chicks resulting from the cross of a R. I. Red ♂×B. R. ♀ were used for each of the experimental groups. RESULTS The incidence of perosis and growth to 25 days are recorded in Table 2. The growth response of the chicks receiving the diet containing 76 percent corn was very satisfactory when the ratio was adequately supplemented with the available crystalline vitamins . . .


To obtain information on harmful volatile orBaniC COmpounds(VOC)in indOOr air of houses,their concentrations 、vere deterIIlincd by means of solid phasc cxtraction and GC/MS. The rcmoval ratc in indoor air were cxaHlined by using three kinds of air cleancrs cquippcd、 vith titanic oxide photocatalysts. The daily variation ofヽ ア0(】concentrations was 14,6ワ うfor six days under a sealed condition in a nc、 v house.Silnilar variations(within 20%)wcrC ObScrvcd for tolucnc,xylcnc and trimcthylbcnzcnc. Thc rcmoval cfficiency for tOtal VOC(Tふ VOC)in indOOr air under the scalcd condition was dcpendent on the typc of air cleancrs, ranging from 36% to 74ワ み pcr day. In indoor air of an occupicd house, thc clilnination of p― dichiorobcnzenc(DCB)‐an insecticide,was also cxamincd by using an air cleaner,which was fitted with a pre― flltcr


Radio-frequency interference (RFI) seriously affects the retrieval of geophysical parameters from the measurements of microwave radiometers. An accurate geolocation of the RFI is crucial to effectively switch off illegal transmitters. In this letter, a new RFI localization method is proposed to improve the achievable angular resolution by using beamforming and direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation techniques. The proposed RFI localization techniques can be employed in synthetic aperture interferometric radiometers, such as the European Space Agency (ESA) Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) mission. Two DOA estimation techniques are tested for the RFI localization: Capon and MUSIC. The feasibility of these methods is demonstrated with SMOS data. In the test results, the MUSIC beamforming shows a better performance of RFI localization than the SMOS Fourier imaging and the Capon, in terms of accuracy and resolution.


Politics is the core of martial virtue,and therefore the top priority for the cultivation of martial virtue is a determined political belief.Determined political belief for the contemporary revolutionary army men involves the persistent adherence to"Four Beliefs",party's absolute leadership over the army,party's aim of serving the people wholeheartedly,and the strong opposition against the so-called "non-party affiliation"and"depoliticization"of the army.In the meantime,to win future's war,to create peace and to promote world harmony should be counted as political beliefs and be included in the system of content of the cultivation of martial virtue,so that the scope of the cultivation of army man could be broadened and the status of the cultivation of martial virtue could be promoted.


39 cenopopulations of 5 rare plant species were found in the environs of Yakutsk city. Most of them are endangered, 16 are destroyed completely, the state of 9 cenopopulations needs revision. It is advised to carry out reintroductory measures for cenopopulations whose extinction or population decrease is not caused by cardinal change in the growth conditions


Hemorrhoids are recognized as one of the most common medical conditions in the general population. It is clinically characterized by painless rectal bleeding during defecation with or without anal tissue prolapses. The objective was to establish the surgical indications in the treatment of hemorrhoids and their most frequent complications demonstrated by cohort studies with impact odds ratio that demonstrate the applicability of the results. Of the 10 articles of indexed journals included in the present work, the evaluation was carried out using the following types of study. Randomized controlled trial: 6, Retrospective cohort study: 1, Descriptive studies: 3. The average publication year was 2015. In general, hemorrhoids can be divided into two types: internal hemorrhoids and external hemorrhoids. External hemorrhoids usually do not require specific treatment unless they are associated with acute thrombosis or cause discomfort to patients. Meanwhile, low-grade internal hemorrhoids can be treated effectively with medications and non-surgical measures (such as rubber band ligation and injection sclerotherapy). Surgery is indicated for high-grade internal hemorrhoids, or when non-operative approaches have failed or complications have occurred. Although excisional hemorrhoidectomy remains the main operation for advanced hemorrhoids and complicated hemorrhoids, several minimally invasive operations (including ligasure hemorrhoidectomy, Doppler-guided haemorrhoidal artery ligation, and stapled hemorrhoidopexy) have been introduced in surgical practices to avoid subsequent pain. hemorrhoidectomy.


This paper presented a coplanar waveguide-fed wideband antenna to meet the requirement for wideband applications.The antenna consists of a U-shaped monopole and two parasitic U-shaped elements and the impedance bandwidth is about 85%.The proposed antenna was printed on 20 mm×30 mm×1.6 mm polytetrafluoroethylene with relative dielectric constant 2.65.To meet the requirement of wireless area network and the WiMAX,reduce the interference of un-required signal,inserted a microstrip stub in the middle of the U-shaped radiation patch which produced a notch band.And the proposed antenna could meet the demand of WLAN,WiMAX,and lower band of UWB.The key parameters are simulated,analyzed and optimized using high frequency structure simulator(HFSS).The optimized dimensions of the antenna are obtained,fabricated and tested.The results show that the preference of the proposed antenna can be greatly improved compared to traditional microstrip patch antennas,and the feasibility and effectiveness of the CPW feed and the parasitic technology in designing wideband antenna is also verified.


Reports about polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fabrics with durable superhydrophobicity and flame retardance are very limited. In this paper, durable superhydrophobic, photocatalytic, flame-retardant (FR) PET fabrics were fabricated for the first time by a green approach and further employed for various applications. Through layer-by-layer (LBL) alternate deposition of mixed polyelectrolytes, including branched poly(ethylenimine) (BPEI), phytic acid (PA), and ammonium polyphosphate (APP), the fabric obtained superior self-quenched flame retardance through deposition of only two bilayers (BL). The fire burned very slowly, and was self-extinguished after ignition for 8 s. The fabric was also anti-dripping. When the FR fabric was further coated with a layer of PDMS-grafted-TiO2@PDMS coating, it presented excellent superhydrophobicity and self-cleaning properties both under air and water conditions. Moreover, the final fabric showed durable superhydrophobicity, which presented resistance to repeated rinsing treatments, repeated peeling by adhesive tape, and cyclic abrasion treatments. This fabric also showed superior photocatalysis capability and photocatalytically stable superhydrophobicity. The finally coated fabrics could selectively and highly efficiently remove polluted oils from water and separate oil–water mixtures. This multifunctional fabric is believed to show very promising application potential in the flame retardance, superhydrophobicity, self-cleaning, water purification, liquid separation, and photocatalysis fields.


The conversion of spin information into electrical signals is indispensable for spintronic technologies. Spin-to-charge conversion in ferromagnetic tunnel contacts is well-described using linear (spin-)transport equations, provided that there is no applied bias, as in nonlocal spin detection. It is shown here that in a biased ferromagnetic tunnel contact, spin detection is strongly nonlinear. As a result, the spin-detection efficiency is not equal to the tunnel spin polarization. In silicon-based 4-terminal spin-transport devices, even a small bias (tens of mV) across the Fe/MgO detector contact enhances the spin-detection efficiency to values up to 140 \% (spin extraction bias) or, for spin injection bias, reduces it to almost zero, while, parenthetically, the charge current remains highly spin polarized. Calculations reveal that the nonlinearity originates from the energy dispersion of the tunnel transmission and the resulting nonuniform energy distribution of the tunnel current, offering a route to engineer spin conversion. Taking nonlinear spin detection into account is also shown to explain a multitude of peculiar and puzzling spin signals in structures with a biased detector, including two- and three-terminal devices, and provides a unified, consistent and quantitative description of spin signals in devices with a biased and unbiased detector.


Leafy spurge is among the most troublesome weeds in Montana and in-fests more than 500,000 acres of rangeland. Experiments were established to measure the amount of genetic diversity among twelve leafy spurge
strains.


The present paper gives an account of flora of Kedarnath which have very harsh climatic conditions. 80 species, belonging 36 families were estimated from the study area. Notes on phenological pattern, life form (biological spectrum), plant type and uses have also been studied. Asteraceae was the dominant family (11.25%) recorded under present investigation. The genus and species are arranged alphabetically with in a family with correct nomenclature. The major class of life form was found to be Chamaephytic. Besides Chamaephytes (36.25%), the other life forms enumerated were Therophytes (28.75%), Cryptophytes (18.75%), Hemicryptophytes (11.25%) and Phenerophytes (5%). Most of the plant species had flowering and fruiting in rainy season, followed by summer season and very few species in winter season. (Nature and Science 2010;8(7):109-115). (ISSN: 1545-0740).


Methods for automatically isolating and extracting biblio graphic references from the full texts of patents are described and evaluated; these include citations both to patents and to other bibliographic sources. Patents are unusual as citing documents in that citations occur princi pally in the text of the abstracts or description parts of the documents, rather than as footnotes or in separate sections. A template mining approach has been developed for this purpose, to relieve patent examiners of the chore of doing this manually.


Myocardin is frequently repressed during human malignant transformation, and restoration of myocardin expression in sarcoma cells contributes to the inhibition of malignant growth. However, its role in breast carcinoma has barely been addressed. Here, we reported that myocardin could inhibit the proliferation of MCF‐7 cells. Notably, we show that myocardin inhibited ERα‐mediated proliferation of breast cancer MCF‐7 via impairing ER‐dependent transcriptional activation, mainly through the inhibition of the activity of ERα. Importantly, the molecular mechanism for the inhibition of the ERα‐mediated proliferation is that myocardin inhibited the transcription and expression of ERα‐induced PCNA, Ki‐67, and E2F1 to impair ERα‐mediated proliferation of breast cancer MCF‐7. Interestingly, myocardin significantly enhanced the transcription and expression of miR‐885 depending on the CArG box in miR‐885 promoter, and miR‐885 targeted the 3′ untranslated regions (UTR) of E2F1 to silence the expression of E2F1. Thus, our data provided important and novel insights into how myocardin may deeply influence ERα‐mediated breast cancer proliferation. In conclusion, myocardin could be seen as a breast cancer tumor suppressor so that it will provide new ideas for the treatment of breast cancer. © 2016 IUBMB Life, 68(6):477–487, 2016


We embed an N-level human-capital hierarchy in a growth model and demonstrate that the hierarchical structure generates an optimal investment program with phases of stock depletion and expansion in the stocks of the various levels of humancapital. We then take the implications of the model to data from a diverse sample of countries and find patterns of stock expansion and contraction consistent with the theoretical model. We also illustrate how allowing for hierarchical human-capital formation might contribute to the empirical growth literature.


Abstract The effects of post-harvest dips of lecithin in combination with calcium (Ca) on 'Granny Smith' apples were examined. Lecithin + Ca dips increased CO2 and decreased O2 levels in the fruit, and reduced the production of α-farnesene, but had little effect on the levels of superficial scald or the oxidation products of α-farnesene. Addition of antioxidants (ascorbic, tannic, citric or tartaric acids, or ascorbyl palmitate) to lecithin + Ca dips did not reduce superficial scald to levels comparable with those found with the commercially used antioxidant, diphenylamine. The incidence of internal breakdown was decreased by the use of lecithin, regardless of the presence of Ca or any other compound.


Mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus), white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), and pronghorn antelope (Antilocapra americana) that graze on agricultural lands can create conflicts. Forage consumed by deer arid antelope is often considered profit foregone. I observed 6 agricultural land use categories on 2 study areas in Carter County Montana to identify seasonal land use patterns of wild ungulates. A second objective was to identify potential conflicts created by wild ungulate use of local agricultural crops. Alfalfa, bottom rangeland, CRP (Conservation Reserve Program) lands, upland rangeland, wheat stubble, and growing wheat were observed during day and night hours for a period of 12 months. Mule deer densities on alfalfa peaked in fall and again in spring. CRP was selected in all seasons. Rangelands were most important in winter and summer. Whitetailed deer selected CRP lands in all seasons except fall. Alfalfa was selected in fall, spring, and summer. Antelope densities on alfalfa were highest in spring and fall, while growing wheat fields were used most in spring. Antelope in the northern study area selected CRP land in all seasons except fall. There were many significant correlations between wild ungulates and individual landscape variables, but I was unable to develop a multivariate model that explained a significant amount of the variation in numbers of wild ungulates occurring on individual sites. The agricultural crops that were potentially affected by wild ungulates were alfalfa and wheat. Estimated alfalfa consumption was highest for mule deer in August. Estimated alfalfa consumption by antelope peaked in May. The highest estimated alfalfa consumption was for white-tailed deer in April. Antelope densities peaked on growing wheat fields in April, but antelope abandoned wheat fields before yield reduction was likely.


Purpose The data on pediatrics with Multidrug-Resistant (MDR) Klebsiella pneumoniae infections are scarce. This study aims to investigate the molecular epidemiology of MDR Klebsiella pneumoniae, detect the mechanism of drug resistance, and determine the clinical risk factors for carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumonia (CRKP) bloodstream infections (BSIs) in a children's hospital. Methods A total of 62 strains were collected from Tianjin Children's Hospital. Carba NP and polymerase chain reactions (PCR) were performed to detect MDR mechanisms. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was used for analyzing strain homology. Clinical data were collected and logistic regression was used for BSI risk factors. Results ST11 was the principal ST among the CRKP isolates clinically, accounting for 56.45% (35/62); there were also 57.14% (20/35) ST11 CRKP strains co-carrying blaNDM-5 and blaKPC-2, which were resistant to most of the tested antibiotics, being susceptible only to cotrimoxazole and tigecycline. The clinical data showed that 72.73% (40/55) of children with CRKP infection had serious underlying diseases; 20.00% (11/55) patients developed BSIs with the potential to cause multiple organ failure, shock and death. The logistic regression showed that the risk of BSIs caused by CRKP strain infections in children with hematological malignancies after chemotherapy was 7 times that of other children (95%Cl: 1.298–45.415, P=0.025). Conclusion ST11 was the prevalent clone in our hospital. The emergence of ST11 CRKP co-carrying blaNDM-5 and blaKPC-2 should be a cause for alarm as they were resistant to most of the tested antibiotics. CRKP strain infections are mainly occurring in young immunocompromised patients and the chemotherapy for hematological malignancies is an independent risk factor for BSIs.


The urban district of Utsunomiya has been remarkably enlarged since Meiji Era. First, military sites in Meiji Era contributed to the expansion in the western and the northwestern parts of Utsunomiya. Then, the southern and the eastern parts were rapidly built up by the establihsment of large munition factories built during the World War II. More urbanization was seen in the southern than in the eastern part because of larger factories in the former. Thirdly, since 1960, the development of industrial areas and residential areas, as well as the construction of small and medium size factories in the suburbs have worked together for the expansion of Utsunomiya.The first and the second steps of urbanization took place on Takaragi Terrace which extends from the north to the south in the suburbs of Utsunomiya. The third step, especially shows us a good exmaple of a close relation between the city development and landforms.Generally speaking, urban districts are slow to expand into alluvial lowlands. There are river terraces formed by several rivers flowing to the south in the sububrbs of Utsunomiya. Remakrable urbanization is seen on the terraces to the east and the north of Utsunomiya. Large factor sites accompanied with residential areas will result in the urbainization of the eastern part in near future.Some people consider that the industrial development of Utsunomiya is nothing but the outer margin of Keihin Industrial District. The development of residential areas in Utsunomiya, however, can hardly be regarded to characterize this city as a residential satellite of Tokyo.


Objective:It made a study of the protective effect of Potentillaanserinel Polysaccharide(PAP) on immune system,and the protective effect in the endurance-trained rat,in order to provide new ideas for development of sports supplements.Methods:It set up intensity endurance training exercise fatigute modles,tests SOD,MDA,GSHPxof spleen and thymus,T-lymphocyte subsets CD3+,CD4+,CD4+/CD8+.Results:Exhaustive exercise damages the immune system of rats,reduce exercise capacity.Antioxidant enzymes activity such as SOD,CAT and CD3+%,CD4+%,CD4+/CD8+of the rats which fed with PAP are higher than it's control group.It shows significantly on recovery after exhauste(p0.05 or p0.01).Conclusion:Compared with the control group,PAP can increase the antioxidant activity,reduce lipid peroxidetion in immune organs caused by the exhaustive training,regulate lymphocyte function.PAP can increase immunity and improve exercise capacity and delay the occurrence of fatigue.


Fractional velocity is defined as the limit of the difference quo- tient of the increments of a function and its argument raised to a fractional power. Fractional velocity can be suitable for characterizing singular behav- ior of derivatives of Holderian functions and non differentiable functions. The manuscript derives the product rules for fractional variation. Correspondence with integer-order derivatives is discussed. It is demonstrated that for Holder functions under certain conditions the product rules deviates from the Leibniz rule. This deviation is expressed by another quantity, fractional co-variation. Basic algebraic properties of the fractional co-variation are demonstrated. MSC 2010: Primary 26A27; Secondary 26A33, 26A12, 26A16, 26A30, 35R11, 47G30


Functionalist translation theory plays an important role in translation research.Its attitude that people should lay emphasis on function and communication in translating makes translation research transcend the limitations of traditional translation theories.According to the study on text typology theory,skopos theory,translational action theory and functionality plus loyalty theory,this paper points out that translation subjectivity develops from subjectivity establishment,extreme subjectivity to rational restriction to subjectivity.


Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies, with a 10-year survival rate for early non-metastatic stages of over 80%. However, recurrence or relapse may occur decades after completing therapy, and cancer survivors have also a risk of secondary neoplasia especially due to radiation therapy. This case highlights the challenges of an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment in patients with second primary cancer and uncommon metastasis.


Parallel plate avalanche detectors (PPADs) are new gas detectors and are being extensively used to detect heavy ions, fission fragments and minimum ionizing particles. Due to their excellent timing characteristics and low cost, they are being widely used in different areas of science and technology, particularly as start and stop detectors in different experiments. These detectors are ideal for coincidence measurements and for photofission studies. Different characteristics; construction operation, performance, time resolution, energy resolution and experimental techniques based on PPADs are reviewed in this paper.


This paper considers the problem of thermal convection of a calcium chloride solution in a vertical borehole. A non-uniform temperature distribution with a given vertical gradient is set at the walls of the borehole. The non-stationary temperature distribution along the borehole axis was analyzed, and its deviations from the temperature at the walls were investigated. From a practical point of view, this problem is important for estimating the error in distributed temperature measurements over the depth of thermal control boreholes during artificial ground freezing. In this study, an area near the bottom of the borehole was identified where the fluid temperature at the borehole axis deviates significantly from the temperature at the wall. The maximum deviations of the fluid temperature from the temperature at the walls, as well as the length of the temperature deviation sections, were determined.


We will give quiver presentations of the Grothendieck constructions of functors from a small category to the 2-category of 𝕜-categories for a commutative ring 𝕜.


Abstract X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy, and electrochemical potentiodynamic experiments have been used to study the pretreatment of 2024–T3 aluminium alloy before conversion coating. The pretreatment process included vapour degreasing, alkaline cleaning and Cr based acidic deoxidising steps. This type of pretreatment is appropriate for conversion coatings which meet aerospace standards for corrosion resistance and paint adhesion. During alkaline cleaning an oxide containing Mg, Zn, Si, and Fe developed on the surface of the alloy. During deoxidation there was dissolution and etching of both the intermetallics and the basic oxide scale left after the alkaline cleaning. Characterisation by XPS indicated that the surface was coated with a thin Cr containing coating after deoxidation which provided a degree of passivation to the surface as determined by electrochemical measurements.MST/3372


A mathematical model is developed to determine the 3-D potential distribution of a fully-depleted silicon-on-insulator (SOI) four-gate transistor (G4-FET). The potential distributions along the channel and between the junction-gates are assumed to be parabolic due to short channel effect. Using these two assumptions, the 3-D potential distribution model is developed. From the 3-D model, expression for threshold voltage is derived considering all possible charge conditions at the back surface. The proposed models successfully correlate the effect of all four gates and consider the impact of channel length, drain voltage and other device dimensions.


Heptathiazocine was pyrolyzed into ammonia, tetrasulfur tetranitride, and tetrasulfur dinitride above 383 K in an argon atmosphere; then, the latter two intermediates finally degraded into sulfur and nitrogen. According to the stoichiometric correlation among the final pyrolytic products, an overall pyrolysis can be expressed as: S7NH=7/8 S8+1/3 N2+1/3 NH3. The differential scanning calorimetry of heptathiazocine gave the standard enthalpy of the formation as 89.3±1.1 kJ mol−1 by combining the enthalpy change of the pyrolysis with its molar heat capacity and known thermodynamic data of the concerned species. The standard enthalpies of the formation of this compound were also calculated as being 93 and 91 kJ mol−1 on the basis of Sanderson's method, assuming that hydrogen bonds were negligible in the crystal (which were comparable to that observed in this work).


Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), has led to a pandemic since March 2020. The exact pathogenesis of SARS‐CoV‐2 and the role of each component of the innate and adaptive immune system is still unknown. However, available data from other coronavirus families, such as SARS‐CoV and the Middle East respiratory syndrome and also new findings could be useful for a better understanding of SARS‐CoV‐2. Toll‐like receptors (TLR) play an important role in recognition of viral particles and activation of the innate immune system. Activation of TLR pathways leads to secretion of pro‐inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin‐1 (IL‐1), IL‐6, and tumor necrosis factor‐α, as well as type 1 interferon. Different TLRs, like TLR2, TLR3, TLR4, TLR6, TLR7, TLR8, and TLR9 are potentially important in COVID‐19 infection. It is also worth mentioning that we should bear in mind both the beneficial and harmful effects of TLR in confronting COVID‐19 infection. TLRs could be a potential target in controlling the infection in the early stages of disease and production of vaccine against SARS‐CoV‐2.


10.1038/ncomms1529 Chemical and structural heterogeneity and the resulting interaction of coexisting phases can lead to extraordinary behaviours in oxides, as observed in piezoelectric materials at morphotropic phase boundaries and relaxor ferroelectrics. However, such phenomena are rare in metallic alloys. Here we show that, by tuning the presence of structural heterogeneity in textured Co 1 − x Fe x thin films, effective magnetostriction λ eff as large as 260 p.p.m. can be achieved at low-saturation field of ~10 mT. Assuming λ 100 is the dominant component, this number translates to an upper limit of magnetostriction of λ 100 ≈ 5 λ eff > 1,000 p.p.m. microstructural analyses of Co 1 − x Fe x films indicate that maximal magnetostriction occurs at compositions near the (fcc + bcc)/bcc phase boundary and originates from precipitation of an equilibrium Co-rich fcc phase embedded in a Fe-rich bcc matrix. The results indicate that the recently proposed heterogeneous magnetostriction mechanism can be used to guide exploration of compounds with unusual magnetoelastic in oxidized 60 Fe and by wavelength at.%. After the deposition, some of the asgrown spreads were annealed at 800 °C for 1 h in an ultrahigh vacuum chamber with a base pressure lower than 9 Pa. Following annealing, the spreads were cooled from high temperature in vacuum either by slow cooling or by quenching. In this study, some spreads were slow cooled at a rate ~5 °C min − 1 , whereas others were waterquenched to room tem perature in 1–2 s, yielding a cooling rate of 2.3×10 4 °C min − 1 . Cantilever deflection method . The magnetostriction of the asdeposited and all annealed composition spread thin film samples were determined using the cantilever deflection method 44 . For this measurement, a 635nm powerstabilized diode laser (5 mW) was deflected the parallel and constant


Historiography is currently discussing the concept of the 'Volksgemeinschaft' as social practice in National Socialist Germany. Yet the debate barely touched upon the largest institution of the Nazi state, the Wehrmacht. This research gap was due not least to a lack of appropriate sources. A collection of sources has been made accessible, however, that enables us to address this desideratum: the files of the US interrogation centre Fort Hunt, where over 3000 German soldiers were interrogated and wiretapped during the Second World War. The files contain eavesdropping transcripts and biographical data that reveal both mentalities and socio-cultural backgrounds. These documents allow for an analysis of the extent to which milieu-specific lines of segregation and cultural interpretation retained their effectiveness in the Wehrmacht or were superimposed by an overarching collective morality. By looking at soldiers from the working-class and the Catholic milieu, the article argues that traditional dividing lines were largely blurred in the Wehrmacht, even if cores of dissident milieus persisted. Loyalty to the regime crisscrossed milieu boundaries and the majority of the soldiers across the social strata identified themselves with the Wehrmacht's canon of values, which was a key factor for the cohesion of the armed forces of the Nazi state.


The thermal distortion of friction pair will be produced in high line speed frictioning. For solving interaction theory from this problem, thermal distortion micro-bulges model of two interaction friction surfaces is built by ways of micro-interaction dynamics, and equations of contact forces of micro-bulges are obtained. By using mathematic statistics and normalization, equations of macro-normal and tangential contact forces are obtained, and relation between friction coefficient and micro-parameters is found. Contact forces and friction coefficient characteristics expressed by parameters of dimensionless clearance and curvature are simulated. The results show that the interaction theory is important in deeper understanding friction and wear theory in high line speed running, and offers reliable proof for future finer structure design of friction pair and model design of clutch.


Maternal mortality is an important issue that has persisted around the world; specifically in developing countries. According to the World Health Organization (2012), about 800 women die from pregnancy or childbirth related complications around the world every day with 99 percent of maternal deaths occurring in developing countries. Previous research has linked a number of other social factors to increased rates of maternal mortality including education, socioeconomic status, access to health care, autonomy, and cultural beliefs. This secondary qualitative research study looks further into rates of maternal mortality in a selection of thirty different countries and what other factors may be related to current maternal mortality rates. Data for this research was taken from the World Bank. Maternal mortality was measured as the dependent variable while indicators for education, socioeconomic status, and health care use and access were the independent variables. Results show that indicators of health, especially fertility rates, are associated with rates of maternal mortality. Educations as well as urban and rural populations were also found to be associated with rates of maternal mortality. While rates of maternal mortality have decreased in some countries over the past ten years, rates in many countries still remain high and unchanged. Maternal mortality needs to be looked at as a global problem rather than the problem of individual countries in order to effectively lower the levels.


This study looks into some practical implications of using evolutionary algorithms for optimization of free-form concrete shells in search of methods for automating design representation and determining the number of design variables. This study reports the insights and learnings from a set of numerical experiments, by changing the number of parameters, on thickness optimization of a barrel roof shell subjected to self-weight, an additional snow load, and an earthquake response spectrum. The practical advantages and challenges of two methods, parametric and direct representations, are analysed, and a spectrum of methods between these two extremes are investigated through experiments. The results demonstrate how changing the number of variables affects the quality of the design and the performance of the algorithm and why a systematic problem-dependent method for finding the best design representation and number of variables outside this spectrum can be beneficial.


Accelerated reliability tests of blue phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) comprising bis[(4,6-difluorophenyl)pyridinato-N,C2](picolinato)-iridium(III) (FIrpic) doped in four different wide bandgap hosts were conducted. The half-life of the OLEDs stressed under a high current density of 100 mA/cm2 varied in a wide range, revealing an important role of the host. Pulsed current stressing with a 1% duty cycle was performed to suppress self-heating, but only extended the lifetime by 2–3.2×. For blue OLEDs with a host favoring hole transport, current stressing caused a shift of the recombination zone toward the anode, turning the emission color to greenish blue. These results suggest that device degradation was mainly caused by charge-trapping defects generated within a narrow zone close to the electron-transport layer. It is expected that the lifetime of blue phosphorescent OLEDs can be effectively extended by selecting an appropriate host which has good stability, enables efficient charge inj...


This paper reports the findings of a new distributed infrared biometric sensing approach in lightweight human identification. Pyroelectric infrared (PIR) sensor arrays are employed in infrared biometric sensing while the vector quantization (VQ) based algorithm is developed for identifying walkers in the context of the path-constrained walking. The main contribution of this paper is twofold. First, a distributed sensing structure is used to organize two modules of PIR sensor arrays for capturing walkers' biometric characteristics. The advantage of using the distributed sensing paradigm is that the synergistic motion patterns of upper- and -lower limbs can be encoded and thus the more discriminative features can be decoded accordingly. This is the new consideration of using PIR sensors in building a lightweight biometric sensing system. Second, VQ is introduced in modeling the features of the episodes of walkers' limb movement with code books, which contributes to performance improvement in human identification. Experimental studies are conducted to validate the proposed method.


1. A conjugate comprising the uricase conjugated to PEG, wherein the PEG has an average molecular weight of about 5 kD to 100 kD, and wherein the uricase retains at least about 75% of the uricolytic activity of unconjugated uricase and immunogenicity of uricase substantially snizhena.2. The conjugate of claim 1, wherein said PEG is polyethylen-lenglikolem.3. A conjugate according to claim 2, wherein said polyethylene glycol has an average molecular weight of about 20 kDa.4. A conjugate according to claim 2, wherein said polyethylene glycol has an average molecular weight of about 10 kDa.5. A conjugate according to claim 2, wherein said polyethylene glycol has an average molecular weight of about 30 kDa.6. The conjugate of claim 1, wherein said uricase is tetramernoy.7. A pharmaceutical composition for lowering uric acid levels in a body fluid or tissue, comprising the conjugate of claim 1 and a pharmaceutically acceptable nositel.8. The conjugate of claim 1, wherein each unit under uricase is covalently linked to an average of 2 to 10 PEG.9 filaments. The conjugate of claim 1, wherein the uricase is uricase mlekopitayuschego.10. The conjugate of claim 1, wherein the uricase is porcine liver uricase, uricase bovine liver or ovine pecheni.11. The conjugate of claim 1, wherein the uricase is rekombinantnoy.12. The conjugate of claim 11, wherein the uricase has substantially the sequence of porcine liver uricase, bovine liver or ovine liver babuina.13 liver. The conjugate of claim 11, wherein the uricase is himericheskoy.14. The conjugate of claim 11, wherein the chimeric uricase contains portions of porcine liver uricase and uricase babuina.15 liver. The conjugate of claim 14, wherein the chimeric uricase is PBC urikazoy.16. conjugate


Professors and students of teacher education can always appreciate theoretical discussions of multicultural edu cation in books and journal articles. Even more useful are concrete examples such as the multicultural lesson plans in Sleeter 's Turning on Learning ( 1 998) and the case studiesin Nieto's Affirming Diversity (2000). Teacher-credential stu dents find the lesson plans illustrative and relate to the stu dents' stories in the case studies. Singelis' book Teaching about Culture, Ethnicity, and Diversity goes a step further in providing professors and students with experiences and hands-on activities that should help to enhance the sensitivity of teacher-credential students towards cross-cultural differ ences and help them to work towards equity and equality. Nevertheless, I think it would be beneficial to complement the text with the following: 1 . An overview of various definitions of culture, ethnicity, and diversity, since these are often misunderstood terms. 2. Even though Chapter One talks about the significance of multicultural education, the book is missing a brief overview of what multicultural education is-or could be. In my opinion, the theoretical framework of Sleeter and Grant ( 1 988) gives the most comprehensive overview of what multicultural education could mean. I would suggest a brief presentation of their five approaches to multicultural education in an effort to provide teacher credential students with a theoretical framework. In addition, I would include examples of how common certain approaches to multicultural education are (for example, Baltes, 1 996). 3. Even though the book provides excellent activities to learn about culture, ethnicity, and diversity, it disregards the inter connectedness of culture, ethnicity, and diversity with social class, exceptionality (except the wheelchair activity in Chapter Six), gender, race, and life-style. Especially in the first part, I was very concerned that students might develop stereotypes for certain groups through the activities recommended. For


To the Editor.— The finding of Eaton et al, 1 that administration of the aldose-reductase inhibitor, sorbinil, markedly improves joint mobility in the hands of diabetic patients, is of considerable interest. However, I take issue with their suggested explanation, namely, that it is due to reduction of excessive hydration of tendon collagen, produced by decreasing the local concentration of sorbitol. Recently, we 2 and others 3 have also reported changes in extracellular matrix with marked thickening and other morphological alterations of vascular basement membranes in galactosemic rats. These changes appeared to be identical with the abnormalities seen in diabetic patients, and they could also be prevented by sorbinil. We hesitated to explain these findings using the osmotic hypothesis that has been advanced to explain diabetic and galactosemic cataractogenesis, 4 and that, in only slightly varied form, Eaton et al appear to be proposing to explain their results. The reason is


Tumor heterogeneity is a major challenge to the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC). Recently, a transcriptome‐based classification was developed, segregating CRC into four consensus molecular subtypes (CMS) with distinct biological and clinical characteristics. Here, we applied the CMS classification on CRC cell lines to identify novel subtype‐specific drug vulnerabilities. We combined publicly available transcriptome data from multiple resources to assign 157 CRC cell lines to CMS. By integrating results from large‐scale drug screens, we discovered that the CMS1 subtype is highly vulnerable to the BIRC5 suppressor YM155. We confirmed our results using an independent panel of CRC cell lines and demonstrated a 100‐fold higher sensitivity of CMS1. This vulnerability was specific to YM155 and not observed for commonly used chemotherapeutic agents. In CMS1 CRC, low concentrations of YM155 induced apoptosis and expression signatures associated with ER stress‐mediated apoptosis signaling. Using a genome‐wide CRISPR/Cas9 screen, we further discovered a novel role of genes involved in LDL‐receptor trafficking as modulators of YM155 sensitivity in the CRC cell line HCT116. Our work shows that combining drug response data with CMS classification in cell lines can reveal selective vulnerabilities and proposes YM155 as a novel subtype‐specific drug.


The composition dependence, argon sputtering gas pressure and substrate temperature for magnetostrictive properties of Sm-Fe thin films were investigated. The giant magnetostrictive thin films were prepared by dc magnetron sputtering. Sample microstructure, film composition and in-plane magnetostriction were obtained by X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and optical cantilever method.


The past 20 years witnessed significant and critical improvements in trauma medicine, especially in the prehospital setting. The formation and development of the Committee on Tactical Combat Casualty Care provided a standardized, evidence-based guideline and training system for nonmedical personnel and clinicians of all levels. Rapid innovation with simple medical devices significantly decreased battlefield death, such as the use of limb tourniquets, which decreased limb hemorrhage mortality by 67%.1 More advanced developments like the refinement of prehospital blood transfusions demonstrated significant survival benefit when started within minutes of wounding.2 Despite many hospital-based improvements, effective prehospital medicine still offers the greatest opportunity for military clinicians to improve on rates of morbidity and mortality.


This article describes the milestones of the history of the Siberian State Automobile and Highway academy. Special attention is given to the latest period: licensing of new courses, formation of new scientific schools, and establishment of dissertation councils.


We describe the development of a decentralized image retrieval system for education (DIRECT). With DIRECT, content based image retrieval (CBIR) is a service that will run autonomously; the constituent collections will not need to be modified to accommodate DIRECT. DIRECT applies a consistent CBIR mechanism to the entire system and gives CBIR functionality to collections without effort by the collection providers. Collections that do not have their own CBIR system or are not able to invest in a CBIR system (such as small collections or collections that do not contain a large proportion of images) will gain greater distribution of their holdings via DIRECT's CBIR functionality. The DIRECT service finds the collections in the library and requests the images using the same method that the portal uses to search and request images. DIRECT will perform feature extraction on the images and store the features in its own database. A portal or client application can query DIRECT, and it will use the features of the desired image to search the library for images with the same features. DIRECT will automatically monitor collections in order to keep the DIRECT index up-to-date.


Hemangioblastomas are histologically benign tumours that comprise 7–12% of all posterior fossa lesions. Treatment of these lesions is often complicated by the significant vascularity of the tumour and the difficult surgical resection in the sensitive neural tissue. In such situations, preoperative embolisation facilitates surgery by not only decreasing the intraoperative blood loss, but also by decreasing the total operative time and allowing a near complete resection of the tumour. Though infrequent, fatal complications can occur during preoperative embolisation procedures. We report two such cases in which the tumour bled during the procedure. In both cases, this was effectively managed by arterial pedicle occlusion with NBCA (N-Butyl Cyano acrylate). The early detection, immediate control and the possible causes of this complication is presented.


Photo elicitation theoretically located under Creative Analytic Practice was set as an assessment on a taught postgraduate programme. In groups of three to four,30 students acted as both researcher and participant. Group topics were self–selected, each member took five photographs that group members reflected on. Topics chosen were varied and students reflexively critically reported their experience of the method. The power of photo elicitation saw some students engage in a cathartic journey which pedagogically raised concern. This paper reports both the potential and creativity of photo elicitation but also discusses and makes suggestions on how to overcome ethical issues.


conta da falta de visibilidade e organização adequada das informações no país. Como resultado, após a avaliação feita pelos usuários, cerca de 62,5% concordaram que a representação visual ajudou no momento do entendimento da base de dados e 83,3% dos usuários concordaram que o portal é importante para auxiliar na transparência de dados. ABSTRACT The importance of state transparency in the disclosure and availability of data is one of the main pillars for a democracy. Although there are advances that seek to encourage the practice in Brazil, the available data lack a standard organization, accessibility and interactivity in portals where data are stored, with the health area being one of the least explored. To mitigate this problem, a system that interacts with datasets in the healthcare area was developed so that they are made available to users in a visual and interactive way, with the objective of improving the understanding of the database. The motivation for creating the portal is due to the lack of visibility and adequate organization of information in the country. As a result, after the evaluation made by users, about 62.5% agreed that the visual representation helped in understanding the database and 83.3% of users agreed that the portal is important to help with data transparency.


The invention pertains to the production field of compound fertilizer and provides a fused mass prilling process for compound fertilizer that needs no a prilling tower. The raw material ground paste is sprayed to a steel conveyer belt in small drips by a barrate, the surface of the barrate is evenly provided with small holes; a plurality of cooling medium nozzles are arranged under the steel conveyer belt, the cooling medium is evenly sprayed on the back surface of the steel conveyer belt through nozzles to bring the heat emitted by the raw material ground paste during the process of cooling. The heat transmission and the forced spraying and cooling through the steel conveyer belt ensures the hot melt materials to be cooled, solidified and molded to get the solid compound fertilizer. The process has the advantages of saving investment cost, short process flow, low heat consumption, periodic recycle of cooling medium, high product quality, high strength of product particle, high nutrition content, even distribution, adjustable sizes and types, strong market adjustability and good environmental protective benefit.


The activities of a project manager in overseeing the development of a software system are many and varied. Not all such activities are performed in managing every project. If so, a natural ensuing question is whether project managers adapt their managerial functions to the projects being managed. Prior research suggests that they do adapt, and that project characteristics may be the factors determining this adaptation. This assertion is investigated by considering three characteristics of a project (size, type, and environment) and investigating their association with four traditionally recognized management functions (planning, organizing, controlling, and motivating). Results indicate that project managers do modify some managerial functions based on size and type of the project but not based on the environmental characteristics of the project.


Apache Spark has become the de-facto processing framework for big data analytics. The main challenges for big data analytics is to manage diverse varieties, store huge volumes and process data at high speed. Apache Spark provides a number of advantages over MapReduce due to its in-memory processing. The default parameters for running the Spark applications are based on commodity hardware and may not provide one-size-fits-all solution for every configuration and environment. Tuning resource allocation for Spark applications is of paramount importance to achieve optimal performance. This article discusses various parameters/options such as caching, broadcast variables, repartitioning and number of executors that may be tuned according to the environment resulting in better performance of Spark applications.


Mega cities in developing countries like Kolkata in India are often dependent on international agencies for financing its civic
infrastructures like water supply network. These funding agencies would require cost benefit analysis for appraisal of the
projects. Such study would demand rapid cost estimation as well as the optimization of the project operations. Traditional
methods namely multiple regressions and mathematical programming that are generally used for these studies seem to be relatively inefficient for cost benefit analysis of water supply projects. On the other hand, the performance of nature inspired
techniques has been found to provide encouraging results mainly because of its ability to manage nonlinear, non-convex and stochastic dataset. Gene expression programming has been used in lieu of multiple regressions for developing the capacity-cost curves. Genetic algorithm has been employed in lieu of common mathematical programming for improving the optimization process. Applications of evolutionary algorithms have allowed investigating the issues to an extent that was not possible with the traditional methods. The key issues and difficulties for financing water supply projects to the southern fringe of Kolkata have been identified with the help of evolutionary algorithm even without the detail cost benefit analysis as prescribed by the funding agencies.


This is a textbook for students taking dance and dance education courses. It is also a reference book for dance specialists, arts administrators, classroom teachers and physical educators. It provides an integrated approach to dance education, using four Dance Cornerstones: dancing and performing, creating and composing, historical and cultural inquiry, and analyzing and critiquing. It aims to help teachers know what to expect from children of different ages when teaching dance. The book describes the main developmental aspects of teaching dance, addressing the intellectual, physical, artistic, social and emotional aspects. It provides valuable resources for teachers, such as chapter overviews, sample lesson plans, case studies and recommendations of resources.


According to a wise folk saying: "If you think one year ahead, sow grain. If you think ten years ahead, plant a tree. If you think a hundred years ahead, educate the people." During the years of Soviet power our country has developed a system of public education that includes preschool education, general secondary education, nonschool education, and vocational-technical, secondary specialized, and higher education. In the 1972/73 school year there were 181,000 general education schools of all types; 5,600 Young Pioneer palaces and centers, stations for young technicians, and other government nonschool children's institutions; 5,146 vocational and technical training colleges and schools; 4,270 specialized secondary schools; and 825 higher educational institutions engaged in the upbringing and education of Soviet people.


A study was made of the effect on lactation of progesterone estrogen or norethindrone implanted directly into the mammary gland of lactating rats compared with control animals. 4 series of animals were included in 2 groups: 1 in which only milk yield was studied and the other in which the intramammary pressure response to oxytocin was tested. The 4 series included 1) lactating mothers with mammary estrogen implants 2) lactating mothers with mammary progesterone implants 3) lactating mothers with mammary norethindrone implants and 4) lactating mothers implanted with empty cannulae. The implants were performed on Day 1 of lactation. Every day and pups were separated from the mothers at 8 a.m. for 8 hours. The pups were weighed and returned to their mothers for 30 minutes at the end of the separation period and weighed again after that period. The increase in weight between the weighings was taken as an indication of the milk secreted by the mothers. At Day 10 of lactation and after 6-8 hours of separation from pups some mothers were anesthetized and the intramammary pressure was recorded and evaluated. The effect of oxytocin was studied. Results showed that progesterone did not disturb the milk yield of the mothers growth of the pups or the action of oxytocin upon untramammary pressure. Estrogen showed a definitive deleterious effect upon lactation probably through an alteration of the milk ejection mechanism since estrogen reduced the mammary pressure effect of oxytocin. Norethindrone a weak estrogenic progestational compound also showed an inhibitory action on lactation. These results support the hypothesis that estrogen and progesterone have different direct actions upon the mammary function during lactation.


Typically, statistics are powerful tools for helping us to identify trends in our data that are not obvious from simply plotting the data. Statistics also can inform us when we visualize a pattern in the data, but we don't have statistical evidence to v..


First construct a table over all pairs of distinct states. That is, we do not consider pairs (p ∈ Q, p ∈ Q) since a state obviously cannot be distinguishable from itself. An easy way of doing this is to order the states (e.g. numerically or alphabetically), and then list all states except the last one in ascending order along the top line, and all states except the first one in descending order down the left-hand side of the table. The resulting table for the given DFA with Q = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4} looks like this:


The material here described was found in the Hadhramaut by Elinor Gardner and myself between November 1937 and March 1938. My personal investigation of the Palaeolithic Age was limited by pre-Islamic excavations, and I am therefore indebted to her for the gathering of most of the specimens in situ in terrace gravels, and to her detailed study of their positions. The collection consists mainly of groups from four fairly widely separated localities; the physiography of these has already been outlined in a comprehensive paper published in the Geographical Journal. Whenever appropriate to the purpose of this account, which is to place for the first time on illustrated record all we observed about the palaeoliths, I have reused in this different context illustrations of Quaternary environment which appeared in that Journal. With thanks I acknowledge the permission of the Royal Geographical Society to do so.


The long term continuity of organisations in partic ular forms and directions creates specific employee behaviours, organizational identities and employee identifications. The changes to those forms and directions in turn, create negative employee reactions, identity crises and employee identification problems. Accounting as bus ine s technology often interferes and engineers these organisational changes and are invo lved with creating new form of organisational identities and employee identificati on strategies. In this study, the relations between accounting, organizational identity and ide ntification were investigated among the volunteers and employees of a Museum railway in UK. It shows how management accounting systems engendered a dilemma between the pres rvation identity and voluntary labour identification and the business-like practic es. The study's findings reflect that organisational identity and employee identification in the volunteer-led heritage railways were largely shaped by central, enduring and distin guishing features, such as ' serious leisure', communitas and liminality.


Time-resolved polarizations carry more physical information about the source of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) than the time-integrated ones. Therefore, they give more strict constrains on the models of GRB prompt phase. Both time-resolved and time-integrated polarizations are considered here. The model we use is the synchrotron emission in a large-scale ordered aligned magnetic field. Time-resolved polarizations of GRB prompt phase are derived with the corresponding time-resolved energy spectra. We found the time-integrated PDs calculated with two methods are similar. So it is convenient to estimate the time-integrated PD by the time-integrated energy spectrum. Most of the time-resolved PDs calculated in this paper will increase with time. The trend could match the observed time-resolved PD curve of GRB 170114A, but contrary to the predictions of a decaying PD of both the magnetized internal shock and magnetic reconnection models. PAs calculated in this paper, in general, are roughly constants with time. The predicted PAs here can not match with the violent PA changes observed in GRB 100826A and GRB 170114A. Therefore, more accurate time-resolved polarization observations are needed to test models and to diagnose the true physical process of GRB prompt phase.


Nasal nitric oxide (NO) concentration is dramatically reduced in primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD). The aims of this study were to apply a multiple‐flow NO analysis to investigate whether NO output from the bronchial tree was affected in a similar way to nasal NO output, and to search for a relationship between flow‐independent exchange parameters and airflow limitation. Multiple flow rate analysis of exhaled NO, allowing the calculation of maximum airway wall flux and alveolar NO concentration, was performed in 17 PCD patients (median age, 25–75th percentiles: 13.5, 12.1–17.6) with documented ultrastructural cilia abnormalities and 28 healthy subjects (16.0, 11.0–21.0). Median maximum airway wall flux and median alveolar NO concentration were significantly reduced in PCD patients compared to healthy subjects: 16.0, 7.5–29.5, vs. 25.0, 15.0–32.5 nl/min (P < 0.05) and 2.5, 1.6–3.3, vs. 5.0, 3.6–6.5 ppb (P < 0.01), respectively. Significant correlations between maximum airway wall flux and airflow limitation were found, i.e., resistance of respiratory system (rho = 0.74, P < 0.005), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1)/VC (rho = −0.61, P < 0.05), FEV1 (rho = −0.52, P < 0.05), mid expiratory flow between 25 and 75% of forced vital capacity (MEF25–75) (rho = −0.54, P < 0.05), and maximal instantaneous expiratory flow at 50% of the vital capacity (MEF50) (rho = −0.55, P < 0.05). In conclusion, the impairment of NO output is less pronounced in the lower than in the upper (nasal) respiratory tract in PCD. A decrease in maximal NO output from conducting airways is associated with limited airflow impairment. Pediatr Pulmonol. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


In numerical models, the connections among component members are crucial for the prediction of structural behaviour under different types of solicitations. In reinforced structures, the connections are often assumed rigid, what may not be realistic in many practical cases. As alternative, a semi‐rigid behaviour depending on a set of independent parameters can be proposed. In this case, a new difficulty arises, which is finding the appropriate values for those parameters. The present study proposes a numerical strategy for identification of the connection parameters based on the constitutive relation error (CRE). To include all available information, an augmented version (Modified CRE) is implemented. The parameters search is iterative and require large amount of system response analysis. To increase the computational efficiency, a reduced order model is adopted. The proposed approach shows low‐sensitivity to limited lack of information and also to support condition variability, both of them verified numerically. In this work, experimental tests for a real 1:4 scale structure is utilized for finding the parameters corresponding to the first three modal shapes. A good agreement between numerical predictions and observations is verified, what highlights the accuracy and stability of the proposed numerical approach. The present study may also find applications in the domain of design of experiments.


The common carp (Cyprinus carpio) is an invasive species in the rivers and waterways of southeastern Australia, and it has been implicated in the serious decline of many native fish species. Over the past 50 years, various control options have been explored, and to date, these have been ineffective or cost-prohibitive. Most recently, cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV-3) has been proposed as a biocontrol agent because of its high specificity and mortality rate. However, the virus is known to be only effective in a permissive water temperature range of approximately 16–28 °C. To define when this occurs, we undertook a hydrological reconstruction of five diverse river catchments (>130,000 km2) of southeastern Australia over three decades. This confirmed, in the studied areas, that while water temperatures are permissive from spring through to autumn, the time of year that this starts and ends is highly variable, interannually, and with strong latitudinal and altitudinal gradients between and within catchments. The results show that the virus should be effective with respect to water temperature throughout the water temperature range that carp occur in most of southeastern Australia. However, detailed water temperature estimation would still be required to determine the exact week of the start of release in any given catchment. Referring to observations in wild carp populations, we point out the limitation of developing a "release strategy" based solely on water temperature modelling and the need to incorporate fish biology and ecology into this planning.


Laser tattoo removal is increasingly being sought by individuals for the removal of amateur, professional, cosmetic, medicinal and traumatic tattoos. Tracy Butler evaluates the effectiveness of Q-switched lasers for the eradication of tattoo ink, discusses potential treatment-related side effects and adverse events, and describes the processes of ink fragmentation and elimination


The IF values were determined by binding experiments which consist in mixing during 3 hours each polymer with a solution containing a known concentration of quercetin in MeOH. The non-bound fractions of quercetin were then quantified by HPLC. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are extensively cross-linked polymers containing specific recognition sites with a predetermined selectivity for a single compound. This work aims to develop MIP particles which exhibit 'Class Selectivity' for a family of related compounds. The interactions exhibited by the imprints should mimic natural receptor binding and be stronger than interactions obtained with conventional separation material.


The law of supply and demand assumes that a rising price tends to increase supply while falling prices lead to a reduced production. The basis of this generalization is an induction from the action of price changes on particular commodities or on a market of limited range. What our ancestors saw was the immediate effect of price changes. They had no means of estimating world phenomena. To us, however, a world economy is a reality and its fact as easily ascertained as are those of localities. As statistics


Poles and zeroes of the infinite plane wave amplitude reflection coefficient are used to derive a theoretical prediction of the nonspecular reflection effects which have been observed for an ultrasonic beam incident on an isotropic solid plate in a liquid. It is shown that there are two types of nonspecular reflections, and they can be characterized in terms of a single parameter which requires a knowledge of the imaginary part of a pole of the infinite plane wave reflection coefficient. Theoretical predictions of nonspecular reflection intensities are presented. Finally, it is shown that the reflection characteristics for high-frequency beams incident on thick plates are the same as those expected for the reflection from a single liquidisolid interface, i.e., two infinite half-spaces.


Mobbing is one of the examples of pathology in organization management. In the article, we presented the problem in the perspective of organizational games using the technique of participant observation. The article is not intended to stigmatize the help facility, but to show mobbing as a significant and difficult problem for the victim. It has destructive effects and is difficult to identify and prevent. The authors believe that the article will help to pay attention to the essence of the problem and to notice negative effect.


The land surface temperature was an important indicator in the research on the environment of land surface.The information on the land surface temperature at wide range could be obtained by means of the thermal infrared remote sensing.And compared with the traditional method,it was rapid,convenient,wide range and information consecutive.The thermal infrared remote sensing data using ground temperature inversion had been widely used.The TM data of the surface temperature inversion was used in Lanzhou area.


This study was conducted to evaluate the influence of age and strain on haemotological and blood biochemical indices in broiler chickens reared in derived savanna zone of Nigeria. Three hundred broiler chickens of consisting hundred Ross (R), one hundred Anak (A) and one hundred Marshall (M); haematological and blood serum biochemical indices were then determined at 14, 28, 42 and 56 days for the three strains. The birds were reared for a period of 56days and data were obtained on the blood indices and analysed for fixed effect of ages and strain in a completely randomized design (CRD). Haemotological parameters include red blood cell (RBC), White Blood Cell (WBC), Haemoglobin (Hb), Packed Cell Volume (PCV), Mean Corpuscular Volume (M CV), Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin (MCH). Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration (MCHC), Heterophils (H), Lymphocyte (L), Monocytes (M), Eosinophils (EO) and Basophils (B). However the serum biochemical indices include the total protein (TP), Serum Albumin (SA), Serum Globulin (SG), Uric Acid (UA), Serum Glucose (SGL) and Serum Cholestrol (SC). The erythrocytic values shows significant (P 0.05) different for Monocytes at all ages considered. Serum biochemical components showed significant (P < 0.05) differences at all ages.


The underground mining model and open-pit mining model are established respectively by surpac three-dimensional digital software.Based on models,the main technical indices with infrastructure quantities,loss rate,dilution rate,ore grade of drawing,exploitable geological ore reserves and metal quantity of these two mining methods are compared to get the best method of mining,Which will greatly reduce the artificially in scheme comparison on the workload and statistical margin of error.And the result shows that three-dimensional visualization method has the advantage of high efficiency,precise calculation.


Problem Contemporary Christian churches have a growing concern over music ethics. A more objective standard than personal taste and opinion is needed to evaluate and assess both art music and popular music. The purpose of this present study was to determine a philosophy of music history on which an objective standard can be based. The study also investigated the expressive function of music. Method Two fields of investigation in music scholarship were correlated — the history of stylistic and instrumental development in Western art music and the scientific study of the psychophysiological effects of music on the human organism. Results Scientific research demonstrates that the musical elements of pitch, volume, harmony, and rhythm elicit psycho-physiological responses in the human organism. Throughout the history of stylistic and instrumental development in Western art music these elements have been developed in such away as to have an increasingly potent impact on the human organism. Thus, a definite trend to increase the stimulative potential of Western art music was traced. This trend permeates the entire fabric of Western art music development and evidence for it is exhibited on both the micro and macro levels of music development. Consistently linked to this trend is a desire for greater emotional expression, a move toward increased individualism and freedom in musical composition, and a gradual shift in orientation from sacred to secular music. Conclusion The history of musical development in Western culture is not a static system in which all elements maintain a dynamic equilibrium. The historical facts and scientific data only allow for a directional philosophy of music history. When aligned with similar trends in the music of two ancient cultures, the process of desensitization, scientific research in to the psycho-physiological effects of music, and the Biblical account of the nature of man, the weight of evidence suggests that the trend is indicative of a decline. It is therefore proposed that the historical trend itself becomes a guideline for judging the relative equality of particular stylistic features. As such it provides a consistent and objective standard by which to evaluate all music.


We apply three different spherical reference theories to the isotropic phase of the hard spheroid fluid. Of these three, the theory due to Barker and Henderson [J. Chem. Phys. 47, 4714 (1967)] gives the best equation of state. It would not seem, however, to predict an isotropic–nematic phase transition.


The flexibility and high reliability of cloud computing have generated a tremendous amount of economic benefits. With the growing demand for cloud resources, the task about how to making users' demand adaptive to the supply of cloud resources during peak and nonpeak hours becomes extremely challenging. However, most of the existing mechanisms mainly focus on the allocation of cloud resources, and ignore the balance between supply and demand of cloud resources. To improve the situation, this paper presents a combinatorial auction model for the cloud resource allocation and consumption shifting problem, and then puts forward a truthful auction mechanism with two different price curve functions, that is, staircase and continuous price curve. The proposed mechanism can effectively allocate and shift cloud resources to alleviate the pressure of cloud infrastructure during peak hours. Both the theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the proposed mechanism guarantees desired properties including individual rationality, budget balance, truthfulness and computational efficiency. In addition, extensive simulation results also show that continuous price curve outperforms stair case price curve in terms of system efficiency and balance efficiency.


Abstract The article interrogates the significance of the conjunction which has been taking place in the last few years between French cinematographic practice and French film studies around the topos of the body. The article looks at the extent to which such a correspondence between practice and theory casts the body as a critical paradigm. Connecting this new status of the body to the one already put forward by several philosophical discourses (mainly that of French philosopher Gilles Deleuze) in their attempt to entangle cinema and the body in one and only theoretical framework, the article assesses the need for today's cinematographic critical discourse to contextualise further its conceptual productions.


A theoretical method is given for calculating the input impedance of the radial line transformer (RLT) in a rectangular waveguide. It is shown that this method is effective and can be used successfully in engineering applications.


Introduction: Hypothyroidism affects almost all organ of the body and many of the clinical symptoms and signs of the hypothyroidism are nonspecific and most of the times the diagnosis is made with the help of thyroid function tests. Material and methods: A hospital based prospective study were carried out in different wards of General Medicine in Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna and total 100 patients were included in this study. The aim of this study was to access the clinical profile, biochemical Abnormalities and effect on major organ system of hypothyroidism. Results: In present study, total 100 patient of hypothyroidism were included out of these 68 (68%) were female and 32 (32%) were male. The maximum number of patients was in the age group of 31 to 40 years. 3 (3%) cases were above the age of 71 years. The most common symptoms were weakness 92 (92%), Dryness of skin 76(76%), weight gain 64(64%), Facial puffiness 54(54%), constipation 48(48%) and Menstrual irregularities 38(38%) whereas most common Sign were pedal oedema 43(43%), Hypertension 40(40%), Dyspnea 30(30%). Conclusion: Hypothyroidism is a common hormonal disorder and often under diagnosed therefore early detection of hypothyroidism is key to healthy life and also prevent long term morbidity and mortality.


A problem arose as to what would happen if there were sudden failures of power to one or more pumps of a large-scale complex pumping circuit composed of several individual pumping systems. This paper describes the application of several published methods of hydraulic transient analysis to the problem. The performance of the system computed under several assumptions is discussed, and a comparison is made with experimentally determined values.