The evolution in digital communication technology has provoked the need for providing efficient security services for communication. The data security services majorly includes; confidentiality, authenticity, and integrity services. The Authenticated Encryption (AE) algorithm provides all these three services. Initially, AE algorithms were proposed with serial architecture. These AE algorithms are low throughput as compared to parallel architecture algorithms such as Galois Counter Mode (GCM) algorithm. In this work, we have presented a new AE algorithm with parallel architecture named as Parallel Cipher-based Message Authentication Code (PCMAC). The PCMAC AE algorithm is consists of Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm in Counter mode (CTR) and parallel implementation of the CMAC authentication algorithm. The proposed PCMAC algorithm is implemented on FPGA for showing its utility for high throughput applications. In this work, we compared the PCMAC AE algorithm implementation with the GCM AE algorithm implementation. The experimental results show that the throughput of PCMAC algorithm for pipelined implementation is 41.45 Gbps.


Silkworm oil mainly contains polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs),such as linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid,which have multi-physiological functions. The research on Separation of PUFAs from Silkworm Oil with Urea Adduction and aqueous AgNO3 extraction were introduced. The results showed that the optimal Urea adduction conditions were obtained with single factor,as follows:ration of urea to fatty acid of 1.5∶1(W/W),adduction temperature of 5 ℃,and adduction time of 2 h ,and the yield of PUFAs was 70.0 %,and the content of PUFAs was 92.4 % under adduction conditions mentioned above;and the optimal aqueous AgNO3 extraction conditions were obtained with single factor experiments,as follows:concentration of AgNO3 of 2 mol/L,volume fraction of CH3OH of 40 %,complexation temperature of 0 ℃,and the yield of ALA was 50 %,and the content of ALA was 99 %.


Appropriate cell culture systems provide a useful additional method of screening for toxicity, in spite of the obvious problems of relating in vitro effects of test compounds at the cellular level to their effects in the whole animal. It is shown that a wide range of chemically disimilar molecules have a reversible inhibitory activity on the growth of primary cultures of monkey kidney cells. The potency of these compounds correlates with their lipid solubility, suggesting that the cell membranes may be their main site of action. Support for this is obtained by the correlation of inhibitory activity and the ability of the same compounds to stabilize the erythrocyte membrane against hypotonic haemolysis which is known to be a direct effect of interaction with the erythrocyte membrane. It is suggested that the ability of the food additive butylated hydroxytoluene to act as a potent inhibitor of cellular growth may account for its reported ability to prolong the life span of mice.


Since destruction of natural ecosystems can endanger many species simultaneously, the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 20112020 set a target for the share of protected areas. They should cover 17% of land area. There are, however, some concerns about the use of uniform regional targets as the basis for biodiversity protection strategies. This paper is to propose an index that could express socio-ecological disparities between regions and serve as a basis for setting up equitable differentiated regional targets.


The creationist biosystematic method of baraminology has grown significantly in the past decade. Its conceptual foundations were discussed in the evolution/creation debates of the nineteenth century, long before Frank Lewis Marsh coined the term baramin in 1941. Currently, baraminology has been applied to dozens of groups, and the results of 66 baraminology studies are summarized and evaluated here. Though bias in group and character selection prevents firm conclusions, it appears at this time that Price's suggestion that the family is an approximation of the "created kind" may be correct. Criticisms of baraminology from evolutionists and creationists alike can be resolved with further research. Whatever its future, baraminology is at present a useful tool for investigating God's biological creation.


The understanding of energy and magnetic flux losses in a magnetized plasma medium confined by a cold wall is of great interest in the success of magnetized liner inertial fusion (MagLIF). In a MagLIF scheme, the fuel is magnetized and subsonically compressed by a cylindrical liner. Magnetic flux conservation is degraded by the presence of gradient-driven transport processes such as thermoelectric effects (Nernst) and magnetic field diffusion. In previous publications [Velikovich et al., Phys. Plasmas 22, 042702 (2015)], the evolution of a hot magnetized plasma in contact with a cold solid wall (liner) was studied using the classical collisional Braginskii's plasma transport equations in one dimension. The Nernst term degraded the magnetic flux conservation, while both thermal energy and magnetic flux losses were reduced with the electron Hall parameter ωeτe with a power-law asymptotic scaling (ωeτe)−1/2. In the analysis made in the present paper, we consider a similar situation, but with the liner being ...


Discussing both specifics and broader themes, this book describes and analyzes civil litigation in the United States. The book explains (without legalese) jury trial, adversary system, the power of the courts to make law as well as to declare it, and the role of civil justice in government.


In Mexico, agroforestry is practiced in several regions and presents
different development stages, where the research started just a few
twenty years ago and its formal teaching in the educational
institutions is still more recent. The objective of this paper was to
describe the present situation of the agroforestry education by the
analysis of the agricultural academic programs. It was found 52
agroforestry subjects, in 14 B.S. and 25 academic programs in 15
universities. Most of the subjects (83%) belong to the Agronomy career;
however, based on the number of B.S. offered, Forestry Sciences have
60% of B.S. and 75% of the academic programs. The major part (65%) of
the agroforestry subjects are obligatory and 35% optional. Only 17
(33%) of the agroforestry subjects are related with livestock
agroforestry, 24 (46%) are introductory or general agroforestry
subjects, and finally 11 (21%) are related with some other agroforestry
themes. We can conclude that the agroforestry education in Mexico has a
few interests in the academic programs of the agricultural B.S. which
are offered at the present time.


Furthermore, the pandemic has also exposed the weaknesses of the foundations upon which contemporary business models are designed. For example, the lean manufacturing system is grounded on the assumption that though on-demand supply chain can be physically established, it can be virtually controlled and therefore reliably maintained. However, the disruptions of global supply chains observed in 2020 clearly exposes the vulnerability of the system.


This study is comparative. It identifies some linguistic features which distinguish Esan, Ẹdo and the dialect cluster of Ẹra-EmaiIuleha (Ọwan). These three languages constitute a branch of Elugbe's (1986) Proto North Central Ẹdoid. The impetus for the work is the dearth of micro-comparative studies of the languages that comprise Proto-Ẹdoid. The study is phonetic and examined differences in sound and tonal features of these languages. Primary data comprised lexical items from the languages under focus and were gathered from L1speakers of these languages, while secondary data comprised previous relevant works on the languages under study. Data analysis comprised simple comparative methods by which the sound and tonal features of these languages were examined for relatedness. Results of analysis showed that the major phonetic differences between Esan, Edo and Ọwan lie in their tonetic structure. Specifically, while Edo and Ọwan feature an all High and a final High tonal pattern on lexical items, Esan does not. The Esan language also displays more similarities in phonetic sound inventory with Ọwan than with Ẹdo. Esan and Ọwan feature 28 consonant phones each while Edo features 27 phones. The alveolar trill [ṛ ] and the alveolar approximant [ɹ ] attested in Ẹdo are peculiar to the language. This study gives an insight into micro linguistic relationships that are shown to exist between members of a language group. It would enhance similar such studies within this group and contribute to Journal of Linguistics, Language and Culture Vol. 4 2017 66 further comparative studies and the documentation of the languages under study.


The wastewater produced by aggregate processing system of Guandi Hydropower Station mainly comes from large,medium,small stone washing screens and cylinder mills,the quantity of wastewater in a normal production is 280~330 m3/h.In order to meet the discharge standard of wastewater,we introduce the ceramic filter which is used in mining exploitation.The technological process is as follows: recycle coarse sand in wastewater with sand scraper;and this part of wastewater together with the wastewater of the cylinder mill are used for recycling fine sand in recycling workshop;then the wastewater flows into mixing pool and is pumped into settling tank for stone-powder settling after adding flocculants;finally,the settled sandstone slurry is pumped into the ceramic filter to separate stone-powder and water.The water is very clear after filtering.Compared with the chamber filter press,the ceramic filter has the advantages of higher efficiency,lower cost,and more stable operation effect.


The Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) nanoparticles were successfully synthesized by Chemical co-precipitation method with different synthesis temperatures. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Raman Spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscopy, Energy dispersive spectroscopy and UVVIS-NIR spectrophotometer. XRD and Raman studies revealed that the CZTS nanoparticles exhibited Kesterite Structure with preferential orientation along the (112) direction. The CZTS nanoparticles synthesized at a temperature 150 C exhibited near stoichiometry. On further increasing the synthesis temperature sulphur composition was decreased due to volatile nature of the sulphur. The synthesized nanoparticles exhibited an optimum band gap of 1.4 eV.


Artificial intelligence (AI) applications to design have tended to focus on modeling and automating aspects of single discipline design tasks. Relatively little attention has thus far been devoted to representing the kinds of design 'metaknowledge' needed to manage the important interface issues that arise in concurrent design, that is, multidisciplinary design decision-making. This paper provides a view of the process and management of concurrent design and evaluates the potential of two AI approaches—blackboard architectures and co-operative distributed problem-solving (CDPS)—to model and support the concurrent design of complex artifacts. A discussion of the process of multidisciplinary design highlights elements of both sequential and concurrent design decision-making. We identify several kinds of design metaknowledge used by expert managers to: partition the design task for efficient execution by specialists; set appropriate levels of design conservatism for key subsystem specifications; evaluate, limit and selectively communicate design changes across discipline boundaries; and control the sequence and timing of the key (highly constrained and constraining) design decisions for a given type of artifact. We explore the extent to which blackboard and CDPS architectures can provide valid models of and potential decision support for concurrent design by (1) representing design management metaknowledge, and (2) using it to enhance both horizontal (interdisciplinary) and vertical (project life cycle) integration among product design, manufacturing and operations specialists.


The ultimate goal of maintenance managers in any industrial firms is to maximize the uptime of the production assets and to keep the downtime to a minimum. These factors affect the capability of an industry to meet the production deadline while still ensuring the good quality product at minimum production cost. To realize this objective, effective maintenance method and innovative tool are required. Previous study has shown that the growing complexity of current manufacturing technologies will necessitate the increasing competent and trained personnel to resolve quickly the interruptions that occur in the shop floor. However, an efficient repair operation is sometimes difficult to achieve especially when the dysfunctional machine involves various possible problems and the assignment of skilled technician and resources to attend to the failed equipment requires more than just the information reported by the operator concerning what was not functioning on site. Augmented Reality (AR) as one of the emerging technologies in the framework of Industry 4.0 provides a way to accelerate the maintenance process and to minimize the recommissioning of maintenance work due to limited maintenance information provided by the operator. This paper presents the application of AR integrated with CMMS on the emerging computing platform Hololens to demonstrate the potential of this integration to optimize the pipeline of maintenance procedure in order to boost the profitability and competitive advantage of an industrial firm.


We were gathered in front of our church for the Palm Sunday celebration, full of Sunday morning cheer, waiting for the priest to arrive and begin the service. It would begin outdoors, as it does at Roman Catholic churches, and many other Christian churches, around the world. I went to one of the tables where I could pick up a palm frond to wave aloft during the procession into the church. It was the beginning of the most sacred portion of the year, the climax of the Christian story.


Bung Boraphet is the largest fresh water reservoir in Thailand. The accumulations of copper (Cu) and lead (Pb) in water, sediment and tissues of Asian clam (Corbicula sp.) with in Bung Boraphet were carried out to indicate possible polluting effect of soil erosion and the dissolution of water soluble salts from Nan river. Samples were collected from 12 study sites with in Bung Boraphet between February to December 2008. Cu and Pb in water were found at low levels but the heavy metals were detected at high levels in the sediment and tissues of Corbicula sp. Accumulation rate of Cu and Pb in tissues Corbicula fluminea was to determine under laboratory condition. Pb was accumulated in tissue more than Cu. The maximum 168 h Pb accumulation in tissues was found as 129.5 µg g -1 dry weight, whereas the Cu accumulation was maximum at 120 h as 26.83 µg g -1 dry wt.


The genetic status of the domestic pig (Sus scrofa domestica) from Momil, Colombia, was studied on 45 samples using 20 microsatellites recommended by the FAO/ISAG for swine biodiversity studies. All microsatellites were polymorphic having from 2 (SW1067) to 13 (SW957) alleles. An average of 5.2 and a total of 104 alleles were detected. The average expected heterozygosity was 0.5376 and the observed was 0.5216. PIC values ranged between 0.1689 (SW1067) and 0.7352 (SW957), respectively. The population seems be genetically stable.


International Relations Studies Series, 1 (International Studies Library, 3) The search for a more effective world order which provides not only stability but meets minimum standards of justice is one of the major concerns of political leaders and scholars alike. Increasing interdependence signifies that the fortunes of nations are growing ever more closely. While there is common interest in strengthening multilateral institutions, any practical application of the concept at issue will be affected by the prevailing power structure and, to some degree, reflect it. The reality of American preeminence, unlikely to be challenged in the years to come, needs to be reconciled with the demand for international legitimacy. Taking stock of recent contributions to the debate, this book argues for a reappraisal of the traditional assumptions of world order.The result is a balanced analysis which strikes the middle ground between short-sighted realism, on the one hand, and utopian idealism, on the other. Table of Contents Chapter 1. Introduction: setting the stage Chapter 2. International or world order? The balance between stability and justice Chapter 3. Universalism and Regionalism : competition or concurrence? Chapter 4. Models of international order: from utopia to reality Chapter 5. World order and the global distribution of power: the balance between legitimacy and effectiveness Chapter 6. An agenda for a world order: from national security to human security Chapter 7. International order "writ-small": the role of the European Union About the Author Alfred van Staden (born 1942), PhD in political science, University of Amsterdam. From 1980 onwards he has been professor of international relations at Leiden University. From 1995 until 2005 he was director of the Netherlands Institute of International Relations Clingendael (The Hague). He has published extensively in the field of international security, European integration, and foreign policy.


In this master thesis the topic of heat treatment of welded joints for steel used in boating is analyzed.
The paper describes a description of heat treatment processes such as: reduction of residual stress reduction, normalization, improvement, solenoid, and preheating. In addition to the above mentioned heat treatment processes, description is made of: carbon non-alloyed steels, micro-alloyed and low-alloy finishing high strength steels, bonded Mo, CrMo and CrMoV steels, CrNi austenitic stainless steels and high alloyed Cr steels of martensitic and ferrite type, and further described martensitic resisting steels on the crawl of P91 and P92.
Thermal welding of welded joints is carried out with the aim of restoring the basic (or achieving better) metal properties that has been changed by welding.


This paper describes the influence of surface waves on salt-wedge intrusion in terms of radiation stress. Radiation stress may increase salt-wedge intrusion when surface waves propagate up a river. This study thus aims to reveal the effect of radiation stress on the distance of salt-wedge intrusion by using fully nonlinear strongly dispersive internal wave equations and three-dimensional numerical computation model, Fantom3D. Fully nonlinear strongly dispersive internal wave model reveals the possibility that large radiation stress is induced near the river mouth and increases the distance of salt-wedge intrusion. Three-dimensional numerical model also demonstrates that there is a significant difference in the intrusion distance by taking into account radiation stress.


Studies were conducted in 512 pregnant women, of whom 296 had chronic pyelonephritis, 101 had late toxicosis; 115 pregnant women made up the control group.


Ni-Co-Al high temperature alloys with different Co content were prepared by powder metallurgy(mechanical alloying and hot-press sintering), of which the high temperature tribological properties were investigated at 800℃. The results showed that the hardness and compressive strength, as well as the tribological properties of alloys could be improved with a Co addition in a range from 5-30 mass%,among which 20 mass% is the optimal. The observation of worn surfaces by SEM, XPS and EDS revealed that a"glaze-like film"consisted of CoO and other oxides existed on the worn surface. The high temperature tribological properties of the alloys are highly related with the composition and the spallation tendency of the formed glaze film during the friction and wear process.


FIELD: radio engineering, communication. SUBSTANCE: communication control device is provided, which includes a receiving module, configured in a radio communication system including a primary base station to which a primary terminal is connected and a secondary base station to which a secondary terminal is connected by a secondary use of a frequency channel for the primary base station receiving a quality report containing a communication quality indicator measured by the primary terminal and a quality report containing a communication quality indicator measured by the secondary terminal; and an interference control module configured to transmit the command of the secondary base station to reduce the transmission power when the presence of an adverse interference in the radio communication system is determined based on the communication quality indicator contained in the quality report received by the receiving module. EFFECT: ensuring configuration which allows to avoid an adverse interference with the secondary use of the frequency channel with small expenses. 4 cl, 26 dwg


The purpose ef this stucly was to investigate the effect of the cheek and tongue pressures on the vertical position of tooth. The lower 2nd and 3rd premolars of adult dogs are in disocclusion with their antagonists. The cheeks and tongue are presumed to interpose between the upper and lower teeth. In order to investigate the effect of the elimination of the cheek and tongue pressures, a cheek-and-tongue guard was applied with the lower right canine and lst molar as anchorage. Twenty one adult dogs were employed for this experiment. Six dogs were used as the pre-experimental group. The 4 experimental groups and a control group with three dogs per group were investigated at 73060and 90 day intervals after appliance


The invention relates to an environment-friendly inner wall dry powder latex coating and a preparation method thereof. The compositions according to weight percentages are as follows: 10-40% of re-dispersible polymer latex powder, 10-40% of titanium dioxide, 10-40% of ground calcium carbonate, 5-20% of calcined kaolin, 5-10% of talcum powder, 0.1-0.5% of cellulose ether, 0.2-0.6% of solid defoamer, 0.2-1.0% of multifunctional auxiliary agent, and 0.01-10% of tinting pigment. The inner wall dry powder latex coating formed in the invention can have scumble construction after thinning by being added with two to three times of water, and the thickness of dry film is 20 microns to 200 microns; the color is tunable; the storage is stable, and the transportation is convenient; the VOC thereof cannot be detected (real zero VOC), and the coating film performances meet the technical requirements of national standard of inner wall latex coating; and the combination properties of products can reach international most advanced level of similar products.


Strategic alliance is the cooperation between two different property rights enterprises,while not linking by property rights. Facing current business environment and market trend under macro-economic control,the establishment of strategic alliance between real estate enterprises is a strategic choice in pursuit of sustainable development. In light of present circumstance,China's real estate strategic alliance mainly propelled by enterprises'unique strategic resources,the distinctiveness in regional market or specific core competitiveness in the value chain. When real estate develops to some extent,in order to make up the strategic gap during the sustainable development,integration of strategic recourses and core competitiveness among real estate enterprises should be made to seek long-term development. This article analyzes and describes the basic method of establishing real estate enterprises'strategic alliance through its inner and outer factors in setup necessity,the strategic recourses,core competences and principles which the alliance needs,and ways to realize real estate strategic alliance when setting up the real estate strategic alliance as well.


The wired connectivity for the increasing number
of peripheral devices to complement computer functions has
become so large and inconvenient that wireless connectivity has
become a necessity. Wireless connectivity is also necessary for
digital systems in industrial, commercial, medical, military and
domestic applications. A fast digital technique is proposed, based
on Impulse Radio Ultra-Wide Band (IR-UWB) technology. It is
theoretically analysed and practically implemented with excellent
results. The suggested scheme is potentially best short range
UWB wireless technology in terms of speed, capacity, power, cost
and spectral mask, which complies with FCC regulations. It
overcomes interference with all existing narrowband systems
including GPS, PCS, WiMAX, WLAN 802.11b and 802.11a, and
surpasses existing techniques, which have limited interference
mitigation levels or mitigation at the cost of both reduced
performance or increased system complexity.
The proposed UWB pulses are portions of sine waves, which
is a novel application of simple pulse shapes based on half
rectified or mono cycle sine waves in the GHz range. Theoretical
analysis and results obtained by simulation show excellent
consistency with results obtained by experimental measurements.
The technique can be used with more than one user at a time.
Two users can be connected simultaneously each with 1 Gbps.
The spectrum of one is centred at 4.5 GHz and the other is
centered around 9 GHz. One user can operate with 2Gbps.


The article shows that the semantic system of the analysed text is built on the basis of contextually associated words. The main semantic lines of the literary text help to make up a notion about philosophical, aesthetic, moral preferences of the auther.


eb 2.0 applications, such as the popular YouTube™ online video network, may enhance health care students' learning and retention while providing connections with peers and faculty. Today's students are consumers of popular social networking tools, such as "Facebook" and "MySpace," as well as the personal video sharing site, YouTube™. Furthermore, novel cellular phones, such as Apple Computer's© iPhone and the innovative Palm phone, have the capacity to show YouTube videos, which are now literally a "touch" away from viewing. The authors set out to explain Web 2.0 applications and the impact on health care students' education, social networking, collaboration, needs, and wants in today's busy learning and working environments. W


Artificial gravity paradigms may offer effective, efficient, multi-system protection from the untoward effects of adaptation to the microgravity of space or the hypogravity of planetary surfaces. Intermittent artificial gravity (AG) produced by a horizontal short-radius centrifuge (SRC) has recently been utilized on human test subjects deconditioned by bed rest. This presentation will review preliminary results of a 41 day study conducted at the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX bed rest facility. During the first eleven days of the protocol, subjects were ambulatory, but confined to the facility. They began a carefully controlled diet, and participated in multiple baseline tests of bone, muscle, cardiovascular, sensory-motor, immunological, and psychological function. On the twelfth day, subjects entered the bed rest phase of the study, during which they were confined to strict 6deg head down tilt bed rest for 21 days. Beginning 24 hrs into this period, treatment subjects received one hour daily exposures to artificial gravity which was produced by spinning the subjects on a 3.0 m radius SRC. They were oriented radially in the supine position so that the centrifugal force was aligned with their long body axis, and while spinning, they "stood" on a force plate, supporting the centrifugal loading (2.5 g at the feet, 1.0 g at the heart). The subject station allowed free translation over approximately 10 cm to ensure full loading of the lower extremities and to allow for anti-orthostatic muscle contractions. Control subjects were positioned on the centrifuge but did not spin. Following the bed rest phase, subjects were allowed to ambulate again, but remained within the facility for an additional 9 days and participated in multiple follow-up tests of physiological function.


Hybrid models combining neural networks and genetic algorithms have been studied recently with the goal of achieving either better performance of the resulting network or faster training. In this paper we deal with variants of genetic learning applied for the structure optimization and weights evolution of multi-layer perceptron networks. Several genetic operators are tested, including memetic-type local search, that produce good results in terms of network performace. It is shown, that combining evolutionary algorithms with neural networks can lead to better results than relying on neural networks alone in terms of the quality of the solution (both training and generalization error). Comparison to gradient algorithms in terms of time complexity is discussed which does not bring overly optimistic results sometimes met in literature.


This research investigates the effect of adding some reinforcing materials,including (nano and micro) titanium dioxide(TiO2)particles with different weight fraction(0.1,0.4,0.7,1,3 and5)% to polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)and studying some mechanical and physical propertiesof composite material. Specimens' of this project were prepared using (in-situ) method to form compositematerials. Themechanical tests were performed on these specimens,includingimpact test, thermal conductivity was performed as a physical test.Results of this study showed that the values of impact strength were decreased when adding the (nano-micro) particles in PMMA composite materials, while the values of thermal conductivity weredecreased.


In this paper, multicast capacity and delay trade-offs of mobile ad hoc networks are considered under random independently and identically distributed (iid) mobility model. Compared with unicast, multicast can reduce the overall network load by a factor $\Theta \left( {\sqrt k } \right)$ with high probability (whp) in static random ad hoc networks, where k is the number of destination nodes in a multicast session. So we firstly discuss whether the law still holds in mobile random ad hoc networks, and in this case what delay should be tolerated. Through the relation between average retransmissions and multicast capacity, we prove that $\Theta \left( {{{\rm 1} \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{\rm 1} {\sqrt k }}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {\sqrt k }}} \right)$ order of multicast capacity is not achievable whp, and delay for $\Theta \left( {{{\rm 1} \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{\rm 1} {\sqrt k }}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {\sqrt k }}} \right)$ multicast capacity is $\Omega \left( {K{n}^K } \right)$, where $n$ is the number of ad hoc nodes in the whole networks, and $K = \left\lceil {{{\sqrt {k} } \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{\sqrt {\rm k} } {\rm c}}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {c}}} \right\rceil$ and c is a positive constant. Then achievable throughput whp is considered. The nearest neighbor transmission strategy is introduced by Grossglauser and Tse to achieve $\Theta \left( {\rm 1} \right)$ throughput which is so far the highest achievable unicast capacity. So the multicast capacity of mobile ad hoc networks under this strategy is studied. The analysis shows that under any multicast routing scheme based on the nearest neighbor transmission strategy, the upper bound on multicast capacity is $\Theta \left( {{{\rm 1} \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{\rm 1} k}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} k}} \right)$ whp. Then we propose a multicast routing and scheduling scheme by which mobile ad hoc networks can achieve $\Theta \left( {{{\rm 1} \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{\rm 1} k}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} k}} \right)$ throughput whp, and must tolerate $\Theta \left( {{kn}} \right)$ total network delay. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Multicast capacity and delay trade-offs of mobile ad hoc networks are considered under random independently and identically distributed (iid) mobility model. Multicast capacity of $\Theta \left( {{{\rm 1} \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{\rm 1} {\sqrt k }}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {\sqrt k }}} \right)$ order is not achievable with high probability (whp), and delay for $\Theta \left( {{{\rm 1} \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{\rm 1} {\sqrt k }}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {\sqrt k }}} \right)$ multicast capacity is $\Omega \left( {K!{n}^K } \right)$, where $n$ is the whole number of ad hoc nodes, $k$ is the number of destination nodes in a multicast session, and $K = \left\lceil {{{\sqrt {k} } \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{\sqrt {\rm k} } {\rm c}}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {c}}} \right\rceil$ and $c$ is a positive constant. A multicast routing and scheduling scheme is proposed by which the network can achieve $\Theta \left( {{{\rm 1} \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{\rm 1} k}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} k}} \right)$ throughput whp, and must tolerate $\Theta \left( {{kn}} \right)$ total network delay.


Preliminary investigations of the topological phase of string theory along the lines of a (restricted) $\dot{w}_{\infty}$ non-linear sigma model are provided. Gauge fixing the w gravity gauge fields by preserving a geometric identity Lorenz covariantizes the w-particle and gauge covariantizes the YM. The notion of foliation ghosts is introduced. Connection between $\dot{w}_{\infty}$ and homotopy associative algebras is indicated. The second quantized twistor space of string theory is constructed and compared with the first quantised one. Speculations about the relevance of the massive string fields to the compactification of the bosonic string down to four dimensions times the standard model group as well as to the solution of the background independence problem and the integration over moduli space problem are also provided.


The data of foreign studies over the last 15 years devoted to endogenous synthesis and biological role of hydrogen sulfide in micromolar quantities which complemented the already two well-known gas transmitters — OH and NO are presented in this review. Despite the short period since the physiological properties of hydrogen sulfide were opened (about 20 years) it was found that this gas transmitter plays a key role in the regulation of nerve (neural signal transmission), cardiovascular (relaxation of smooth muscles), immune (anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective agent) sensory, gastrointestinal (output of insulin) systems and in the metabolism of various organs. Currently the role of H 2 S in the pathogenesis of different diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, heart failure) is being studying. The developments of drugs that act as either exogenous donors H 2 S or blockers of the biosynthesis of H 2 S are promising. With consideration the fact that H 2 S is a representative of non-synaptic way of intercellular communication based on diffusion of molecules of inorganic compounds in the intercellular space in all directions and effect on distant from their place of formation non- synaptic receptors it is suggested to use exogenous H 2 S in strict proportion for the treatment of a number of human diseases.


This paper presents the information that should be included in the CALS/CE data base requirements in order to design, build and operate the ATE for the prime system. The information has been prepared by the Arizona CALS/CE Special Interest Group ATE Committee. These recommendations have been submitted to the DoD CALS/CE Project Management Office for their review and for the inclusion of these ATE requirements in the CALS/CE Data Base.<<ETX>>


The stress concentrations associated with circular notches and subjected to uniform tensile loading in woven ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) have been investigated for high-efficient turbine engine applications. The CMC's were composed of Nicalon silicon carbide woven fabric in SiNC matrix manufactured through polymer impregnation process (PIP). Several combinations of hole diameter/plate width ratios and ply orientations were considered in this study. In the first part, the stress concentrations were calculated measuring strain distributions surrounding the hole using strain gages at different locations of the specimens during the initial portion of the stress-strain curve before any microdamage developed. The stress concentration was also calculated analytically using Lekhnitskii's solution for orthotropic plates. A finite-width correction factor for anisotropic and orthotropic composite plate was considered. The stress distributions surrounding the circular hole of a CMC's plate were further studied using finite element analysis. Both solid and shell elements were considered. The experimental results were compared with both the analytical and finite element solutions. Extensive optical and scanning electron microscopic examinations were carried out for identifying the fracture behavior and failure mechanisms of both the notched and notched specimens. The stress concentration factors (SCF) determined by analytical method overpredicted the experimental results. But the numerical solution underpredicted the experimental SCF. Stress concentration factors are shown to increase with enlarged hole size and the effects of ply orientations on stress concentration factors are observed to be negligible. In all the cases, the crack initiated at the notch edge and propagated along the width towards the edge of the specimens.


Now a days we address the time consuming problem of web searching. Continuously navigating through a number of pages is a difficult task. So query facet is an optimal solution for this. Query facet can be considered as a single word / multiple words which summarize and describe that query. A query facet can be obtained by aggregating the significant lists. The query facet engine will automatically fetch the facets associated with a query. Searching will be easier with the help of facets. It also add the concept of frequent item mining. The facets are assigned a weightage value. In order to display the facets in priority wise manner utility mining concept is also integrated with it. It improves the searching.


After an historical survey of the progressive appari tion of politics and policies in the scientific and technical information field in France, we present some of the present characteristics of French politics and policies in this field: in the private and public sectors, at the regional, national and international levels. The role of professional and scientific societies is also discussed, and some comments are made on the education and research politics and policies in the infor mation field.


fill in many of the gaps met by teachers who wish to introduce one of these new, liberalized courses in promotion. The authors divide the subject into readings analyzing the place of advertising in our economy, advertising as a system of communication, its social and cultural impact, its place in the overall business environment, and its responsibility to society. Thus, the cultural, economic, moral, and ethical effects are covered, and well, by such significant articles as Potter's The Institution of Abundance. Galbraith's Unseemly Economics of Opulence, Boulding's Symbols for Capitalism, Mead's Worm of Self-Consciousness in American Culture, Dollard's Fear of Advertising, the famous debate between Levitt and Bedell on the social responsibility of the industry, and Merton's The Moral Dimension. All students should be aware of the very interesting applications of communication theory to advertisingSchramm's Effects of Mass Communications, Wolfeck's Are There Limits to Advertising Receptivity?, and


Objectives: The electronic health record is a primary source of information for all professional groups participating in ICU rounds. We previously demonstrated that, individually, all professional groups involved in rounds have significant blind spots in recognition of patient safety issues in the electronic health record. However, it is unclear how team dynamics impacts identification and verbalization of viewed data. Therefore, we created an ICU rounding simulation to assess how the interprofessional team recognized and reported data and its impact on decision-making. Design: Each member of the ICU team reviewed a simulated ICU chart in the electronic health record which contained embedded patient safety issues. The team conducted simulated rounds according to the ICU's existing rounding script and was assessed for recognition of safety issues. Setting: Academic medical center. Subjects: ICU residents, nurses, and pharmacists. Intervention: None. Measurements and Main Results: Twenty-eight teams recognized 68.6% of safety issues with only 50% teams having the primary diagnosis in their differential. Individually, interns, nurses, and pharmacists recognized 30.4%, 15.6%, and 19.6% of safety items, respectively. However, there was a negative correlation between the intern's performance and the nurse's or the pharmacist's performance within a given team. The wide variance in recognition of data resulted in wide variance in orders. Overall, there were 21.8 orders requested and 21.6 orders placed per case resulting in 3.6 order entry inconsistencies/case. Between the two cases, there were 145 distinct orders place with 43% being unique to a specific team and only 2% placed by all teams. Conclusions: Although significant blind spots exist in the interprofessional team's ability to recognize safety issues in the electronic health record, the inclusion of other professional groups does serve as a partial safety net to improve recognition. Electronic health record–based, ICU rounding simulations can serve as a test-bed for innovations in ICU rounding structure and data collection.


It is to the ancient practice of suspending the funeral insignia of the deceased over his tomb that we owe the survival of our few existing English helms. Foreign visitors to our country churches often express their surprise at finding these relics still in situ. The practice also obtained on the Continent, but surviving instances there are very much rarer than here. Despite our innate conservatism, many church helmets must have disappeared through decay, indifference, and, latterly, the avarice of collectors. That they are not yet safe from spoliation was shown by a case which came before the Courts last year.


Abstract The paper deals with the increased consciousness of the British Sikhs of their ethnicity as defined through their religious and cultural values—which have gone through a process of effervescence with increased settlement in Britain and especially after the army action at the Golden Temple in Amritsar in 1984. The thrust of the paper is that the construction of Sikh identities is not based on a single premise and a simple process, but that identities are formulated continuously in a process of negotiation with a number of economic and political forces that shift over time and space. In particular, the focus is on the role of Sikh women in the re‐establishment of sikh cultural and religious values, and in the elaboration of certain facets of them on the British scene, as a result of Sikh women's entry into the waged labour market and increased command over economic resources since migration. The paper explores Sikh educational beliefs which have their roots in an egalitarian religious background th...


State estimation is a fundamental question in a power grid and it is used to understand the state of power grids based on readings of sensors placed at important power grid components. Current state estimation approaches are highly vulnerable to malicious attacks; an attacker can compromise one or a few sensors to mislead state estimation and thus the power grid control algorithms, leading to catastrophic consequences (e.g., a large-scale blackout). This paper presents a series of attack-resilient state estimation algorithms for power grids. These algorithms use the intrinsic relationship among the state variables and the sensor measurements to effectively tolerate malicious sensor readings. This paper also investigates the properties of these algorithms through theoretical analysis and simulation, which both demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approaches.


Title: Aligning Implementation and User-Centered Design Strategies to Enhance the Impact of Health Services: Results from a Concept Mapping Study Authors: Alex Dopp (firstname.lastname@example.com) Kathryn Parisi (email@example.com) Sean Munson (email@example.com) Aaron Lyon (firstname.lastname@example.com) Version: 1 Date: 12 Dec 2019 Author's response to reviews: December 12, 2019 Bev J. Holmes, PhD, Managing Editor Implementation Science Communications


Semidefinite positiveness of operators on Euclidean spaces is characterized. Using this characterization, we compute in a direct way the first-order and second-order tangent sets to the cone of semidefinite positive operators on such a space. These characterizations are useful for optimality conditions in semidefinite programming.


During the thirty years of war swept the country of Vietnam and ended in 1975. Prolonged Vietnam War caused damage to various aspects of life and the natural environment. War is over does not mean the problem has been completed. Many residents of Vietnamese refugees leaving the country perform their new country mencarai for a better life. Although the Vietnam War has officially ended, but the big problem is not yet complete. Displacement occurred in 1979 by the Vietnamese population on a large scale. Various state a destination one displaced Indonesia. The main factor causing the flow of refugees is an unstable state after the Vietnam civil war in 1975. Some 25,000 refugees have arrived in Indonesia in 1979 so as not to cause social instability in the country due to the large influx of refugees, the Government of Indonesia provides a special place for them, namely Pulau Galang. The reason government election Galang Island sabagai shelter once the processing of refugee flows strategic location making it easier for the Government of Indonesia to coordinate with neighboring countries such as Malaysia and Singapore in dealing with Vietnamese refugees. Arrival Vietnam penungsi bring disparate impact for the local population in Galang Island in the form of social and economic impacts. Keywords: refugee, Vietnam, Indonesia, Galang Island


Purpose: High resolution, 3D late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) MRI can be used to evaluate structural changes in the left atrium (LA) wall (e.g. fibrosis) caused by atrial fibrillation (AF) and to detect scarring of the LA wall caused by interventional procedures to treat AF (e.g. radiofrequency (RF) ablation, cryo-ablation, etc.). It was shown that success of RF ablation procedure is strongly correlated with degree of pre-ablation LA remodeling detected by LGE-MRI. Scar map of LA is helpful in planning and performing repeat ablation procedures. Accuracy of fibrosis/scar evaluation is strongly dependent on quality of LGE-MRI of LA. The choice of inversion time (TI) for LGE-MRI of the left atrium plays a crucial role in achieving high contrast between scar and normal myocardium and between scar and blood. Usually, TI value for cardiac LGE-MRI is found using TI-scout scan based on Look-Locker technique. This scan is performed applying inversion RF pulse every second or third heart-beat. The images from TI-scout are visually analyzed to select the image with minimal intensity of myocardium of the left ventricle. Value of TI corresponding to this image is considered to be optimal for subsequent cardiac LGE-MRI scans. However, this approach is not applicable in the case of LGE-MRI of LA because this pulse sequence applies inversion pulse every heart beat to keep scan time acceptable for patients (< 10 minutes). Images from TI scout with inversion pulse applied every heat beat is difficult to analyze due to poor CNR. Furthermore, TI value found from such TI-scout scan was found to be sub-optimal for LGE-MRI of the left atrium. The main goal of this work was to develop practical method to calculate optimal TI value for LGE-MRI of LA.


Context On-animal sensing systems are being promoted as a solution to the increased demand for monitoring livestock for health and welfare. One key sensor platform, global navigation satellite system (GNSS) positioning, provides information on the location and movement of sheep. This information could be used to detect partition in sheep, a key period of time when both ewes and lambs are at risk. The development of algorithms based on key behavioural features could provide alerts to sheep managers to enable intervention when problems arise. Aims To investigate the use of GNSS monitoring as a method for detecting behavioural changes in sheep in the period around parturition. Methods GNSS collars were attached to 40 late gestation ewes grazing a 3.09 ha paddock in New Zealand. Several metrics were derived: (i) mean daily speed, (ii) maximum daily speed, (iii) minimum daily speed, (iv) mean daily distance to peers, and (v) spatial paddock utilisation by 95% minimum convex polygon. Speed metrics and distance to peers were also evaluated at an hourly scale for the 12 h before and 12 h after lambing. Key results Minimum daily speed peaked on the day of parturition (P < 0.001), suggesting animals may have been expressing more agitation and did not settle. Isolation was also evident during this time, with postpartum ewes located further from their peers than pre-partum ewes (P < 0.001). Day of lambing was also evident by reduced spatial paddock utilisation (P < 0.001). Conclusions This study demonstrates that GNSS technology can be used to detect parturition-related behaviours in sheep at a day scale; however, detection at the hour scale using GNSS is not possible. Implications This research highlights the opportunity to develop predictive models that autonomously detect behavioural changes in ewes at parturition using GNSS. This could then be extended to identify ewes experiencing prolonged parturition, for example dystocic birth enabling intervention which would improve both production and welfare outcomes for the sheep industry.


The influent quality is one of the basic parameters for design of a wastewater treatment plant(WWTP).The analysis of the influent quality has great importance for the WWTP design.The influent quality of the two existing wastewater treatment plants in Xi'an was investigated,and the methodology for determination of the influent quality as the basis for design of WWTP according to the frequency of pollutants concentration in wastewater(assurance rate of 85%)was put forward.


Introduction Functional MR imaging studies have shown that certain brain regions, including posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) and ventral anterior cingulate cortex (vACC), consistently show greater activity during resting states. These regions constitute a network to support Default Mode (DM) brain function [1]. It has been suggested that changes in the default mode networks may be associated with neurologic and psychiatric diseases [2]. It has also been applied to investigate status of consciousness [3]. Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is one of the major complications of liver cirrhosis and a complex neurophysiological syndrome. It will be acts of confusion, personality changes, conscious changes and ups and downs of the neurological manifestations. Our purpose of this study is to investigate abnormalities of default mode networks in patients with liver cirrhosis. Methods The subject group comprised 35 patients with liver cirrhosis (54±9 years) and 28 normal healthy subjects (54±10years). The patients were divided into child B (n=210 and child C (n=14) according to the Child-Pugh classification which is a well known method to assess the severity of liver cirrhosis. The functional images were obtained using an EPI sequence with the following parameters: 33 axial slices, image resolution = 3.75*3.75*4, and TR= 2000 ms on a GE 3T scanner in Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital. Each subject was scanned in a resting state for 10 min. All resting data underwent the following preprocess procedure: slice timing, head motion correction, spatial normalization with re-sampling to 2x2x2 mm and smooth with 6mm (FWHM) Gaussian kernel using Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM5, http://www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/spm). Resting-state fMRI Data Analysis Toolkit (REST, http://restingfmri.sourceforge.net), was used for removing the linear trend of time courses and for temporally band-pass filtering (0.01–0.08 Hz) [4]. Two seed points (radius = 3 mm), one in the vACC (2, 38, -2) and another in the PCC (4, -54, 20), were chosen to generate the functional connectivity (FC) of the vACC and PCC map. Prior to the correlation analysis, a linear regression was performed to remove the effects of nine nuisance covariates: the global mean signal; the white matter signal; the cerebrospinal fluid signal; and six head motion parameters. The correlation coefficient maps were converted into z maps by Fisher's r-to-z transform to improve the normality. Finally, One sample t-test (uncorrected p<0.001, extent threshold k = 30 voxels) and two-sample t-test (uncorrected p<0.01, extent threshold k = 30 voxels) were performed to reveal significant functional connectivity maps within and between groups. Results The one sample results of FC map seeded in vACC and PCC were showed in Fig.1 and Fig.2, and two sample results across different groups were showed in Figure 3 and Figure 4. The hot and winter color bar indicated significant value of the correction and anti-correction results, respectively. From the one sample study, significant decrease of DM patterns, including the correction and anti-correction regions, were found in patients with liver cirrhosis corresponding to the increase severity of child criteria. In vACC (Fig 3), significant difference was found in caudate, putamen, thalamus and insula between groups and normal subjects. In PCC (Fig. 4), significant difference was found in frontal, parietal, as well as basal ganglia.


Gold mining has played a significant role in Ghana's economy for centuries. Regulation of this industry has varied over time and while large-scale mining is prevalent in the country, prevalence of ...


Half of the worlds malnourished children reside in three South Asian countries: Bangladesh India and Pakistan. Although over 50% of South Asian children are underweight compared to 30% in Africa the problem of child malnutrition continues to be associated with sub-Saharan Africa. Key among the factors underlying the higher prevalence of malnutrition in South Asia than in Africa are low birth weight poor household hygiene maternal health problems that jeopardize successful breast feeding early growth faltering due to delays in the introduction of complementary foods and a poor quality of child care related to dynamics within the family. Central to all these determinants is the inequality between men and women in South Asia. Reductions in child malnutrition in South Asia require promotion of equal freedoms opportunities and rights for women--including the right to participate in decision making both within and outside the home. This in turn will result in better health education and nutrition for women; a reduced incidence of low birth weight; improved access to basic services; and increasing control over fertility. Essential is a shift from a welfare to a human rights approach to the issue of malnutrition with an emphasis on community empowerment. In addition nutrition programs must seek to prevent children under 2 years of age from becoming malnourished rather than target only 3-5 year olds. Finally communities must be supplied with the necessary information confidence and support to prevent and manage childhood illnesses in such a way as to protect growth.


This paper focuses on developing a hybrid tool by using the finite element method (FEM) and the neural networks to improve the electrodes design for Li-ion battery better performances ad its lifetime. A design methodology approach based on a FEM based battery cell model is presented and applied in conjunction with the design of a neural network to optimize the electrodes design, in order to increase the usable capacity of a Li-ion battery over a range of charge-discharge current rates. It can be use for understanding the inter-dependence of chemical and mechanical degradation and coupling them to develop a useful tool to predict battery life. The effect of size, shape, charging and discharging conditions and material properties of electrode on the battery output voltage and temperature are analyzed.


In this paper I discuss the problem of the borderline between the lack of resemblance to any family member and monstrosity in Aristotle's Generation of Animals. In book IV both phenomena have been explained as a result of 'resolution' or 'loosening' of the 'movements' in the sperm, whose function is to recreate in the offspring's body the features of its parents or ancestors. Consequently, sometimes the offspring bears no resemblance to any ancestor, and sometimes 'it no longer has the appearance of a human being at all'. According to T. V. Upton, both groups are 'monsters' of some kind; he names them 'generic individuals', assuming that after 'loosening' of the movements which carry particular traits, the task of completing the embryo's development is taken by the movements of universals (genus or species) present in the sperm. In contrast to Upton's opinion, I try to prove that the movements of particular – although 'merged' and changed – still remain active, leading to the final development of any given individual; in the case of a 'monster', however, a deformation of the offspring's whole body or its parts results not only in the lack of resemblance to any representatives of its own species, but also in disability.


Students' mood affects the result of the PE teaching directly. According to the requirement of new teaching outline of PE and health, the paper probes into the role of students' mood and how to adjust it in the course of PE teaching.


Hibiscus rosa-sinensis leaf (HLM) was added to a basal diet (350g crude protein and 18.5MJ gross energy/kg diet) at 0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 or 4.0 g/kg diets and fed to mixed-sex Oreochromis niloticus for 60 days to evaluate the effects on growth, feed conversion ratio, reproduction traits, and histology of gonads. There were no variations (p >0.05) in growth parameters and feed conversion ratio. Indices of reproduction traits decreased with increasing dietary HLM levels. Fish fed with the basal diet had higher and better indices of reproduction traits (P tissues, and no lesions were observed. Fish fed 1.0g HLM/kg diet showed slight increase in interstitial cells in testes. Fish fed 2.0g HLM/kg diet showed swollen spermatids nuclei, increased interstitial cells and focal necrosis in testes; and hydropic degeneration, ruptured follicles, granulomatous inflammation in the insterstitium and necrosis in ovaries. Fish fed 3.0g HLM/kg diet exhibited atrophy of seminiferous tubules in testes. Fish fed 4.0g HLM/kg diet, there was disintegration of spermatids and necrosis in testes and severe atretic follicles in ovaries. Reproduction traits and histological observations of gonads in O. niloticus fed high dietary HLM levels revealed that Hibiscus rosa-sinensis leaves may be effective as a reproduction inhibitor in O. niloticus.


name implies, written for the medical student rather than for the qualified practitioner, and has been in certain directions condensed and simplified. But at the end of this process, and withi all unnecessary details eliminated, venereal disease remains a formidably large subject in the curriculum of the medical student. Whether Colonel Harrison's estimnate of the amount of knowledge of venereal disease that a student should be expected to obtain is excessive or not does not alter the fact that his Manual is an excellent work. Within its three hundred odd pages is condensed an immense amount of useful information-that is to say, information which is useful in the treatment of disease as well as in satisfying examiners. We believe, indeed, tllat the book will prove as useful to the general practitioner as to the student. It contains all that is essential of its forerunner, and some valuable additions-for example, a short description of the urethroscope and of its use in diagnosis and treatment has been added, and greater precision lhas been given to tlle chapter on the treatment of gonorrhoea in women. Where it has been necessary to make sacrifices in order to keep the book witllin the necessary bounds, points of theory rather than of practice have been cut out. In several places the blue pencil has been used to advantage, and chapters that were overloaded and guilty of repetition in the earlier work have gained in conciseness and vigour. As a result of this it is easier to seek out a particular point on which information is required. Where space is an allimportant consideration a writer is compelled ?nalgre' ui* to be dogmatic. This, though it may seem a disadvantage to the expert, is a boon to the beginner. Indeed, we feel that in many ways the Manual is an even better work for practitioners and students alike than its predecessor. In a chapter on the prevention of venereal disease the subject is regarded from tlle public health standpoint, and statistics are given of the results of prophylactic measures during the war. At the end of the book are four useful appendices. The first gives a clear sketch of the principles underlying complement fixation tests, and the second an account of stainiing methods employed in the detection of microorganisms. The tlhird and fourth appendices contain some formulae useful in the treatment of gonorrhoea and syphilis respectively.' We lhave no hesitation in saying that A Manual of Venereal Diseases for Students is the best work on the subject that we have seen. It should have many editions.


Safety in public space and transportation systems is one key aspect to consider when integrating gender dimensions into city planning and design. Research undertaken since the 1970s has shown how spatial features have an impact on both subjective perceptions of fear and actual probabilities of crime. This evidence has led to the development of various methodologies for addressing crime prevention through environmental design. Some of these have been developed from a feminist standpoint and are based on participatory methods with local women called urban safety audits and also exploratory safety walks . The original methodology was developed in Canada in the early 1990s and it included six principles for safe urban space. This article shows the results of applying a modified version of the safety audits actualized to current conditions in Global North cities. These safety audits were conducted as part of the design process of a big tract of underused land called Madrid Nuevo Norte. Madrid Nuevo Norte is probably the biggest ongoing redevelopment project in Europe. It is also the first one to systematically integrate a gender dimension in its design. The audits were designed and implemented by the UNESCO Chair on Gender.


A notion of length for quantum mechanical trajectories is introduced within the realm of stochastic mechanics. Using a stochastic calculus of variation, one shows that the geodesic dynamics is not the free one, but the quantum evolution in the time-dependent quadratic potential associated with the Wiener process in stochastic mechanics. The length for the free evolution is also examined.


Gas pipe flow simulation is used to optimize, verify design and to throw light on various operational issues. This paper illustrates some of the different parameters affecting how complicated it is to do those computations, arranged so that the simplest alternatives are on top.


An optical modulator driver circuit (1) is provided with an amplifier (50, Q10, Q11, R10-R13), and a current amount adjustment circuit (51) capable of adjusting the amount of current in the amplifier (50) in accordance with a desired operation mode. The current amount adjustment circuit (51) comprises two or more current sources (IS10) capable of being individually turned on or off according to a binary control signal indicating the desired operation mode.


The research on Si/C composites with high capacity and good cycling properties has caused great attentions.The carbon materials and the preparation of the composites have significant impact on the morphology and electrochemical properties.The recent progress of Si/C composites materials were summarized according to the classification of carbon materials.The synthetic methods of different materials,advantages and disadvantages of the materials and the methods were focused on.The development trend of Si/C composites as anodes for lithium-ion battery was predicted.


Resume With an increasing number of electric vehicles, their impact on electrical power systems is starting to be substantial. High deployment of these vehicles can even bring issues such as overloading the power transformers and power lines or loss of stability in the power system. Therefore, a suitable model, able to represent large groups or fleets of electric vehicles


. Medication errors happen frequently, meaning there is an urgent need for a systematic analysis tool to minimize their occurrence. The aim of this study is to implement the Human Factor Analysis and Classification System (HFACS), a tool used in human error identification, in the case of outpatient medication errors. Nine such cases that occurred in a pharmacy unit of an Indonesian hospital were evaluated by 40 participants, consisting of the Head of the Pharmacy Department, the heads of units under this department, pharmacists, and staff of the Patient Safety Unit. An HFACS questionnaire developed by the United States Department of Defense was adopted in an Indonesian context. Each participant was asked to evaluate four or five cases of medication errors based on items in the questionnaire. The results show that the causes of such errors mainly lie in the layers of unsafe acts (performance-based error), precondition of acts (mental awareness), and organizational influence (an organizational instruction or policy which creates an unsafe situation). Breaking down the HFACS into its sublayers, the most prevalent causes of medication error found in this study were information overload and fatigue, although the level of agreement among the participants when giving HFACS ratings was low. The paper concludes by discussing the implications of the results.


Pancreas Transplantation aims at providing Beta cells replacement in diabetic patients, especially for type 1 diabetes recipients in whom Beta cells had been destroyed by an autoim‐ mune process. The final achievement is to restore a normal physiological control of glucose metabolism in order to halt or reverse the secondary complications of diabetes i.e. retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy, micro – and macro angiopathy [1]. That can be achieved by a vascularised pancreas graft (referred as Pancreas Transplantation, PT) or by islet grafting (referred as Islet Transplantation, IT). The former PT includes transplanting 95% of unuseful cells, the exocrine part from one pancreas, while the last one IP, embolizing into the recipient liver, Islets of Langerhans after digestion and purification of several human pancreases. Three types of PT can be performed: the pancreas and a kidney are simultaneously transplanted with a single induction of immunosuppression (IS) therapy in hoping to correct both uremia and diabetes mellitus (SPK = Simultaneous Pancreas and Kidney Transplantation); the pancreas is transplanted after a successful kidney graft allowing two induction therapies along with the basic IS treatment (PAK = Pancreas After Kidney Transplantation) ; and finally the Pancreas can be transplanted alone in pre-uremic recipients with unawareness hypoglycaemic events or with rapidly evolving secondary complications of diabetes such as proliferative retinopathy, or advanced neuropathy (PTA = Pancreas Transplantation Alone) [1].


Interface property of CVD diamond film on WC-Co substrate by copper/titanium intermediate layer was studied. Raman spectroscopy was used to analyse the diamond film on the different proliferation period. SEM and EDS was used to investigate the cross section between the diamond film and WC-Co substrate. The result shows that copper/titanium intermediate layer restrained cobalt in the WC-Co substrate effectively. Pervasions of copper in substrate ameliorate substrate property. Titanium introduction increases the diamond nucleation, decreases the interspace between crystalloids, and improves the virtual tangency area between the diamond film and WC-Co substrate surface.


A modified version of the so called Holling-Tanner prey-predator models with prey dependent functional response is introduced. We improved some new results on Holling-Tanner model from Lotka-Volterra model on real ecological systems and studied the stability of this model in the deterministic and stochastic environments. The study was focused on three types of stability, namely, stable node, spiral node, and center. The numerical schemes are employed to get the approximated solutions of the differential equations. We have used Euler scheme to solve the deterministic prey-predator model and we used Euler-Maruyama scheme to solve stochastic prey-predator model.


The invention discloses a method for realizing definite software operating time in a single task operating environment, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: (1) programming a function meeting requirements by using a conventional programming method; (2) dividing external input, external output and algorithm of the function definitely; (3) establishing a local variable for the external output; (4) finding out all switch statements in the function; (5) establishing local variables for the external output of all the switch statements; (6) cutting the programs of all the switch statements out of the switch statements, and modifying the output of the switch statements into the local variables of the output of the switch statements; (7) in the switch statements, adding the local variables of the output of the switch statements to an assignment statement output by a switch statement operation result and an assignment statement for a global variable; (8) adding the switch statement operation result to follow-up program operation; (9) assigning the local variable of the external output to the external output; and finally (10) modifying functions called in the program. The invention can ensure that the operating time of the same function is definite without change when outputs and routes are different.


Method in identifying all possible configurations of 2-phase charge pumps giving an integer conversion ratio with a fixed number of flying capacitors is presented. A systematic strategy is proposed to design an integrated charge pump as an example with a variable gain of 6times and 7times in a standard 0.35-mum CMOS process using only 4 flying capacitors. Conduction loss is considered and minimized. Measurement results verified the validity of the design methodology


This paper addresses on recovering signals from white noise degradation without prior knowledge about pure signals. For the issue, wavelet-based methods support some acceptable solution, but their adaptability to various signal types is not good enough to perform more excellent. In order to deal the problem, this paper proposes an evolutionary strategy to choose a better split point of wavelet shrinkage. Moreover, the correlation evaluation of signals applied on evolutionary optimization makes the proposed method to remove noise more efficient. The advantage is demonstrated by simulation experiment having some benchmark cases and various noise degradations.


This book is about a revolution – albeit an incomplete one. It had none of the features that political analysts typically associate with revolutions: no organized violence, no overturning of the social class structure, and no defeated dictator fleeing into exile. Nevertheless, if by "revolution" we mean a dramatic change in the institutions that organize economic, political, and social life, then Mexico has undoubtedly been in the midst of a revolution since the early 1980s. In 1980, Mexico was largely closed to foreign trade and investment; government-owned firms controlled a substantial portion of the economy. An "official" party, the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI),1 held a virtual monopoly on political power. Since its creation in 1929, Mexico's government-supported party had won every presidential, gubernatorial, and senatorial election. To maintain a façade of democracy, PRI-led administrations crafted a complex set of electoral rules that allowed other parties, some of which were actually subsidized by the government, to win seats in the federal Chamber of Deputies (Mexico's lower house of congress). The PRI, however, always dominated this chamber by an overwhelming majority. The PRI used its electoral dominance to maintain control over Mexico's regulatory and legal systems: PRI-affiliated government officials named state and federal judges and the directors of government-owned firms as well as making appointments in the federal bureaucracy. So complete was the political hegemony of the PRI that many of its opponents, as well as


Pumping is one of the main processes in the production of shrimp. This process is linked to a high consumption of diesel, therefore to the generation of CO2. The present project is aimed at the technical-financial study of the implementation of photovoltaic energy for the feeding of pumps. To mitigate the effects of the production of CO2 emissions. The system analyzed has seven cameras that require pumps of 235 HP and 550 HP, which represents a high energy consumption. In this way, the economic and environmental viability of replacing the energy of the same with a clean energy system will be discussed.


Prostate‐specific membrane antigen (PSMA) remains an important target for diagnostic and therapeutic application for human prostate cancer. Model cell lines have been recently developed to study canine prostate cancer but their PSMA expression and enzymatic activity have not been elucidated. The present study was focused on determining PSMA expression in these model canine cell lines and the use of fluorescent small‐molecule enzyme inhibitors to detect canine PSMA expression by flow cytometry.


As is true of any region experiencing significant migration, the identity of the US South, and with it the identity of Nashville, Tennessee, is shifting. Both the city and the region have the opportunity to embrace this shift, wrestling collectively with the question of what kind of city we want to be. The lesson of the New Testament, particularly of Luke's Gospel, is that transformation of individuals and communities often happens around the table. With new tables around which to gather and new community members to get to know, the possibility of expanding the meaning of "Southern hospitality" continually presents itself anew. Such an expansion requires both embracing the paradox of guest and host, and remembering our past rightly to learn from the mistakes and the triumphs of the ones who came before us.


This paper presents the construction the time-voltage signal output model of the combination wave generator using neural networks. The discussed model of surge was developed using feedforward neural networks with one hidden layer with four neurons. The results of the comparative tests show the high efficiency of Leveneberg-Marquardt algorithm using in the developed model, despite the lack of optimization of the structure. Presented at work model of the combination wave generator described in neural network, you can replace the traditional mathematical model of such a generator. Discussed above model can be used, inter alia, in the analysis of the operating of components and systems for surge protection of electrical equipment. This approach allows a particularly efficient execution of simulation calculations of the effects of atmospheric origin overvoltage protection systems operating on the surge electrical equipment.


Cashew is an important dry nut used in India. India is one of the major producers and exporter of cashew kernels. Most of the cashew processing industries in India use steam for cashew kernel drying. Solar greenhouse dryers are useful solar technologies in developing countries like India. The objective of this study is to investigate experimentally the performance of the solar greenhouse dryer for cashew kernel drying for adapting it to small scale cashew processing industry working in batches. A small solar greenhouse dryer is designed and developed using multi wall polycarbonate sheets as glaze for drying cashew kernels under passive conditions. Experiments are conducted under meteorological conditions of Udupi (Latitude (φ) 13o15'10" N and Longitude 74o47'39" E). The experimental results have shown drying chamber efficiency of 51.7 % with an average drying rate of 0.158 kg/h. The specific energy consumption of 12.42 kWh/kg and moisture content removal of 1.27 kg (5.26%) is observed. Total reduction in ...


The swelling behavior and hierarchical structures of poly(acrylic acid) (AA) homopolymer gels and poly(12-acryloyloxydodecanoic acid (ADA)-co-AA) gels carrying ionizable groups as well as hydrophobic groups have been investigated by equilibrium swelling measurement, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and small-angle neutron scattering (SANS). The equilibrium swelling degree (S v ) and the structure factors of the copolymer gels were obtained as a function of the ethanol (EtOH)/water (W) solvent composition, x (= vol % of EtOH). s v showed a convex-upward function of x. That is, the gels swelled with increasing x until x = 50-60 vol % for AA gels and x = 70-80 vol % for ADA/AA gels and then decreased gradually. This phenomenon is explained by hydrophobic association of long alkyl chains of ADA and a cosolvency effect of poly(AA)in EtOH and W. The DLS results also indicated that the major component of light scattering was frozen inhomogeneities. SANS intensity functions, 1(q), for the copolymer gels when x = 25 vol % showed the presence of an ordered structure in water with a long spacing of ca. 46 A. These experimental pieces of evidence suggest a strong correlation between the macroscopic properties, such as s v , and the microscopic structure as well as the dynamics. The diffusion coefficients were obtained by DLS as well as SANS, of which physical meanings are discussed by comparing the x dependence ofs v .


Associations of bathymetrically anomalous fossils, a phenomenon particularly common in shallow-water, marine, Neogene faunas of the northeastern Pacific, have yet to be explained adequately. No known physical transport processes can selectively move species upslope from deep water into diverse nearshore, shallow-water habitats. Previously proposed biological explanations are based on undocumented phenomena. We document bathymetric anomalies in Recent mollusc accumulations on Southeast Farallon Island, California, that are created by the activities of diving marine birds. Application of these observations to patterns in the Neogene fossil record is direct, involving the same genera and often the same species. We argue that the process has occurred since at least the Miocene when diving marine birds radiated rapidly, probably in response to trophic resources created by intensive upwelling (Lipps and Mitchell 1976) and that they could have transported specimens upslope in sufficient quantity to have contributed anomalous species to the Neogene fossil record. Specific examples from the literature are discussed.


The author describes the electric control system innovation scheme,its function, technical features and achievements of main shaft in deep copper mine in Baiyin Company.


Background DS-8201a is a HER2 targeting antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) with high drug to antibody ratio (8:1), a novel linker and topoisomerase I inhibitor as the payload. In preclinical studies, DS-8201a showed efficacy against both trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) resistant HER2 positive breast cancer (BC) and against BC with low HER2 expression. The current phase 1 trial is comprised of dose escalation (Part 1) and dose expansion (Part 2) cohorts including patients (pts) with BC, gastric cancer and other HER2 expressing tumors. Only the results from BC cohorts are presented here. Methods Part 1 used a modified continual reassessment model to identify the recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D) of DS8201a in pts with BC or gastric cancer of any HER2 status. Two out of planned 4 expansion cohorts included BC: T-DM1-treated HER2 positive BC (Cohort 2a; IHC 3+ or IHC 2+/ISH +) and HER2 low BC (Cohort 2c, IHC 2+/ISH- or IHC 1+). Efficacy endpoints of objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR: CR + PR + SD), durability of response, progression free survival (PFS) and adverse events (AEs) were assessed. Results Overall, 146 subjects were included (24 Part 1; 122 Part 2). DS-8201a was administered up to 8.0 mg/kg in Part 1 without any DLTs, maximum tolerated dose was not reached. Based on available results, the dose levels of 5.4 and 6.4 mg/kg IV every 3 weeks were chosen for Part 2. In Part 2, a total of 56 BC pts were enrolled; 46 pts in Cohort 2a and 10 pts in Cohort 2c. The median age was 56 and number of prior regimens in the metastatic setting was 5 (range: 1-16). 37 BC pts had follow-up imaging scans and were evaluable for response at the time of data cutoff. Confirmed ORR was 41% (15/37) including 1 CR; DCR was 97% (36/37). The median duration of treatment was not reached. For Cohort 2a, where all pts had received prior T-DM1, treatment with DS-8201a achieved a higher ORR of 41% (11/27) and DCR of 100% (27/27) compared to the reported response these patients had to their prior T-DM1 treatment with ORR of 23% (5/22) and DCR of 73% (16/22). In the subset of 24 pts from cohort 2a who had received prior treatment with pertuzumab and T-DM1, the confirmed ORR was 44% (11/25). In Cohort 2c, confirmed ORR was 40% (4/10), DCR was 90% (9/10). Of the 46 BC pts in Part 2 who received at least one dose of DS-8201a, 4 pts discontinued treatment due to disease progression and 3 pts discontinued due to AE. The most common AEs of any grades were nausea, decreased appetite, vomiting, alopecia, and diarrhea. Only 2 pts experienced grade 4 AEs (thrombocytopenia and neutropenia) and 46 % (21/46) experienced grade 3 AEs (most commonly anemia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, lymphocytepenia, and vomiting). Conclusions DS-8201a was well tolerated and has significant activity in pts with T-DM1 and T-DM1/ pertuzumab pretreated HER2 positive BC and in pts with HER2 low BC, with durable disease control. Promising efficacy of this ADC in BC warrants further investigation. Citation Format: Modi S, Tsurutani J, Takahashi S, Iwata H, Park H, Redfern CH, Doi T, Li B, Iwasa T, Taira S, Hattori M, Ma CX, Fisher JM, Naito Y, Yonemori K, Kawasaki Y, Saito K, Jikoh T, Shahidi J, Lee CC, Yver A, Tamura K. Safety and efficacy results from a phase 1 study of DS-8201a in patients with HER2 expressing breast cancers [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr PD3-07.


College English oral tests organized by higher institutions,has a wider coverage of examinees than that of CET-SET.Therefore,these oral tests usually play a more important role in promoting learning than assessing it.The traditional summative assessment gives a score directly according to examinees' performance,but it can not help the examinees judge their oral proficiency or find the right way to improve it.However,the formative assessment,which focuses on the process of assessment,plays a complementary role.In this paper,the results of formative assessment in college English oral test are compared with those of the summative assessment in it.And a questionnaire on formative assessment is carried out to verify the positive feedback in promoting teaching and learning spoken English.


Joint Forest Management (JFM) is a total departure from the conventional forest management practices where government agencies used to manage forest resources by excluding local communities from forest management process. JFM (or co-management) has been analyzed using an evolutionary-game-theoretic approach. The interactions between two partners of JFM - local communities and state agencies (forest managers) – are modeled as an asymmetric bi-matrix game and the concepts of evolutionary stable strategies (ESS) and asymptotically stable states (ASS) are used to understand spatial and temporal variations in the outcomes of JFM program. The JFM game has both pure strategy and mixed strategy Nash equilibriums, but only the mixed strategy Nash equilibrium is evolutionary stable. The state of cooperation by both agents is asymptotically stable under certain conditions. Implications of these results are discussed, and need to enhance evolutionary game theoretic formulation of JFM is highlighted. The JFM model has been developed with specific reference to India, but the broad outcomes are applicable to most co-management situations around the world.


Abstract : Operation Iraqi Freedom and Operation Enduring Freedom have prompted the United States to develop and procure many types of gear to detect improvised explosive devices (IEDs). Most of the development has centered on advanced technology and sophisticated equipment, but one resource that has existed in our inventory for years -- and has often been overlooked as an effective IED defeat device -- is the military working dog (MWD). At the close of the Vietnam War, it was noted by many that the Army should maintain an active MWD program during peacetime. Many of the capabilities that we seek today have been used in different capacities throughout history. Many of the problems identified in the DOTMLPF domains in Vietnam are still prevalent today. The urgent requests for MWDs then and now have once again brought to the forefront familiar challenges and concerns. MANSCEN is analyzing ways to improve this obviously enduring program, hoping to ensure that future generations of MWDs and their handlers are not faced with the same obstacles. The end result will be the sustainment and improvement of this much-needed capability.


The official launch of 5G commercial use was announced at the China International Telecommunications Exhibition in 2019. At present, the contiguous coverage of 5G base stations in major cities marks the beginning of China's entry into the era of commercial use of 5G communication services. As a new generation of information and communication technology, 5G's commercial application supports and promotes the realization of digital, real-time, automated and visualized smart logistics. 5G has begun to empower the development of smart logistics. This paper analyzes the characteristics of 5G information technology and explores the application of 5G technology in logistics. At the same time, it also provides a reference for the intelligent development of future logistics.


COPYRIGHT © 2023 Rossi, Subramanian and Bovenkamp. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. The future is precision medicine-guided diagnoses, preventions and treatments for neurodegenerative diseases


Triggered by the fantastic functions and bright appearance of biological systems in nature, enormous efforts have been devoted to biomimetic fabrication. For instance, butterfly wings and red rose petals have attracted increasing attention due to their excellent water repellency and splendid structural color. Consequently, colorful superhydrophobic surfaces have become a hot topic with significance in both fundamental research and practical applications. Previous studies have shown that hierarchical micro-/nanostructures on biosurfaces play a critical role in the multifunctional acquisition. On the one hand, the highly rough textures trap a wealth of air bubbles at the interface preventing a water droplet from spreading; thus, the surfaces exhibit a high water contact angle (CA>1508). Along this line, a variety of water-repellent surfaces with multiscale structures have been achieved by classical "top-down" and "bottomup" approaches. On the other hand, as inspired by many natural species that use structural color as a warning or protection, the surface microstructures are not randomly distributed but rigidly arranged in periodic micro-patterns, and therefore triggered light diffraction and scattering contribute to the brilliant appearance. However, due to technical challenges in the fabrication of uniform and well-defined nanostructures in the long-range order, most of the superhydrophobic surfaces hardly show any structural color. To date, only a few attempts to such multifunctional surfaces have been realized. For instance, Gu et al. fabricated colloidal photonic crystal films with both structural color and superhydrophobicity at the cost of long time and high temperature. Jiang et al. reported multicolor superhydrophobic coatings that depend on metal ions for the appearance of color; in their study, individual samples exhibited a single color. Wu et al. fabricated superhydrophobic surfaces with iridescence by employing multiple procedures including interference, surface modification, and chemical plating. Consequently, a facile and convenient approach for surfaces with superhydrophobicity and iridescent structural color is in urgent need. Unlike the classical slippery superhydrophobic surface represented by the famous self-cleaning lotus leaf, rose petals possess a sticky superhydrophobicity, exhibiting both a high water contact angle (CA>1508) and strong adhesion. Because of the adhesive force, flowers are able to maintain a fresh appearance, as a water droplet cannot roll off effortlessly but stays stably on the surface without any movement. To date, by tailoring the chemical composition, the geometrical structure, or interfacial capillary and van der Waals forces, superhydrophobic surfaces with high adhesion were successfully prepared. Due to their representativeness in wetting behavior and their research value in various realms, such as liquid transportation in microfluidic systems and biomedical applications, high-adhesion surperhydrophobic surfaces become increasingly important. Recently, graphene has attracted much attention due to its unique single atom-layer structure, which contributes to its wide applications in nanoelectronics, sensing devices, energy storage, and even tissue engineering. For example, graphene has proven to be a promising biocompatible scaffold that could accelerate the specific differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) into bone cells. In this case, the cell adhesion on the graphene surface plays a critical role in the long-term differentiation; therefore, a precise control of the surface wettability of graphene becomes a significant issue. Generally, superhydrophobic graphene substrates could be fabricated by using an irregular stack of graphene oxides (GO) prepared by chemical oxidation of graphite. In this procedure, to reduce the surface energy, the hydrophilic oxygen-containing groups on the GO surface have to be removed beforehand. To the best of our knowledge, modulation of the wetting property of graphene by micro-/nanostructuring and simultaneous control of chemical composition have not been realized. Moreover, despite the pioneering biomimetic fabrications of periodic micro-/nanostructures based on a wide range of materials, a bioinspired graphene surface with properties comparable to natural surfaces has not been reported yet. [a] J.-N. Wang, R.-Q. Shao, Dr. Y.-L. Zhang, L. Guo, Prof. H.-B. Sun State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics College of Electronic Science and Engineering Jilin University 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012 (P. R. China) Fax: (+86)431-85168281 E-mail : email@example.com firstname.lastname@example.com [b] H.-B. Jiang, D.-X. Lu, Prof. H.-B. Sun College of Physics Jilin University 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012 (P. R. China) Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/asia.201100882.


Abstract : A study was conducted to identify/verify weather factors important to the conduct of aviation activities and that would be important to consider in systems intended to operate within the NextGen environment. The study reviewed weather-information systems available for General Aviation aircraft at that time. The report presents a listing of recognized aviation weather hazards followed by rankings, by General Aviation pilots, of weather data elements associated with these hazards. This is followed by a listing of pilot-accessible sources for the relevant weather data and examples of graphical presentations of much of the data. Included is a brief listing and discussion of avionics systems able to host these graphical data. Recommendations are provided for the presentation of weather data in the cockpit, the incorporation of decision aids, forecasts, reliability labeling, and display strategies.


The seeds of Chimonanthus praecox were irradiated at different doses of 60Co γ-rays,i.e.,0,50,100,150,200,250 and 300 Gy.We observed the seed germination,seedling growth and morphological variation of seedlings.The results show that the radiation significantly inhibited the seed germination and seedling growth of C.praecox.The suitable dose for radiation of seeds was 150 Gy.Radiation at low doses promoted the growth of roots of seedlings,while at high doses the true leaves cannot emerge or ordinarily grow.


Soon after entering hospital, the majority of new-born babies acquire antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacilli, which they carry in the throat, nose, rectum and umbilicus. They continue to acquire and carry these organisms until approximately three weeks after their admission to hospital, when there is a tendency for the existing strains to be discarded and the flora to revert to a predominantly antibiotic-sensitive one.


In this paper we provide a computationally simple method-of-moments estimator available in close form and derive its asymptotic distribution. We study its statistical properties by simulation. Finally, we provide an application on the Standard and Poor's Composite Price Index (1928-87) as an illustration.


Brick-wood structures are one of the main structural forms applied in the rural area of Xinjiang.This paper briefly introduces the constructional characteristics of the buildings,and then,the shaking table test on building model of 1/4 ratio was emphasisly conducted.Results of the test show that the single-story structure is damaged slightly under 8-rare intensity,and keeps carrying capacity under 9-rare intensity,which has well seismic performance with definite details of seismic design.Subsequently,the problems of building construction in the rural area of Xinjiang are summarized,and the corresponding countermeasures are put forward.


The invention receiving unit 62 for receiving signals from gwangpagi 1000; The level indicator 61 is attached to the receiving unit 62; Attached to the lower receiving section 62 and the distal end is protruding rods (64) is exposed to the outer peripheral surface is tapered support bar 63; The support bar support bar guide (68, 63) is a through hole which is formed through the projecting rod 64 is formed with a slot 69 for moving up and down; Receiving plate attached to the lower support bar guide (68) (67); And, The base plate 67 is a plurality of adjustment positions are provided on the upper and lower edges as possible positioning opening (65); Doedoe configuration including, And the receiving unit 62 receives a signal from the gwangpagi 1000 in a state in contact with the front end of the support bar 63 at the reference point (CP), While maintaining the level by the level gauge 61 to provide an improved portable prism receiving apparatus and measurement method using the same, which is characterized in that the position adjustment by the position adjusting opening (65). together, GPS receiver 51 for receiving signals from a satellite (not shown); Attached to the bottom the GPS receiver 51 and the leading end is protruding rods (53) is exposed to the outer peripheral surface is tapered support bar 52; The support bar support bar support unit 58. 52 is a through hole which is formed through the projecting rod 53 is formed with a slot 59 for moving up and down; The support bar guide (58) is attached to the lower base plate has leveling instrument 54 is installed on the top (57); And, The base plate 57 is a plurality of adjustment positions are provided on the upper and lower edges as possible positioning opening (55); Doedoe configuration including, By the GPS receiver 51 receives a signal from the satellite in a state in contact with the front end of the support bar 52 to the reference point (CP), While maintaining the level by the level gauge 54 to provide an improved portable GPS receiver and a measurement method using the same, which is characterized in that the position adjustment by the position adjusting opening (55).