Executive Summary This study examines the economic and financial characteristics of Mexican immigrants in South Carolina. Workers from Mexico are the new face of the South Carolina labor force. Yet no one has tracked this growing segment of the employment base. South Carolina (like most other states) is surprisingly uninformed about the Latino population trend, even though it is a highly visible demographic shift in many communities—from the Lowcountry to the Upstate. To learn more about this phenomenon and help devise better policy responses to address the challenges posed by Spanish-speaking workers and their families, Moore School of Business researchers surveyed Mexican immigrants during 2005. This report presents the preliminary results from this effort. South Carolina is a relatively new receiving area for Mexican immigrants. In 1990, only a few thousand immigrants worked in the state, mostly in seasonal agriculture. Since the mid-1990s, that is no longer the case. The new residents, whether temporary or permanent, are pulled by job availability and the opportunity for a better life. Throughout the state, more and more industries seek to hire them. They form a pool of readily available, low-cost, high-productivity workers. In turn, South Carolina is developing informal sister-state economic relationships with communities south of the border. Mexican workers in South Carolina send money to their home communities. In Mexico, many new communities are now the migrant-sending areas. Increasingly, they depend on the United States for income. It can be expected that family ties would wither as immigrants work thousands of miles from their home. In South Carolina, there are both promising and disquieting implications related to the rapid growth of the Mexican immigrants. One promising feature is that such growth creates new income and buying power—it adds to the burgeoning Latino market of the Southeast. Immigrant labor also provides labor power for numerous industries, particularly construction, business services (including restaurants), and manufacturing. These workers add economic output to the state's economy that might not otherwise be there. The disquieting implications are that state and local governments are not prepared for the challenges and additional costs of serving this new Spanish-speaking population. Moreover, it is conceivable that immigrant workers may lower the wages of workers in some occupations. One unproven allegation is that immigration in the Southeast will displace parts of the existing labor force. ii The immediate problem we face is simply a lack of knowledge. This new immigrant labor is …


We address bandwidth and power constrained distributed vector estimation problem in a wireless sensor network where sensors observe a common unknown zero-mean Gaussian random vector with a known covariance matrix. Sensors transmit their quantized and digitally modulated correlated observations to a fusion center (FC), over orthogonal channels subject to fading and additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN). We assume the FC employs the linear mean square error (LMMSE) estimator to estimate the unknown vector and the WSN is subject to total bandwidth (measured in quantization bits) and total transmit power constraints. We provide an upper bound on the mean square error (MSE) distortion at the FC and investigate the optimal quantization bit and transmit power allocation among sensors such that this bound is minimized. The bound consists of two terms, where the first and second terms, respectively, account for the MSE distortion due to quantization and communication channel errors. Therefore, we find the bit allocation that minimizes the first distortion term. Given the optimal bit allocation, we obtain the power allocation that minimizes the second distortion term. Our simulation results corroborate our analysis and show that our proposed bit and power allocation scheme outperforms uniform bit and power allocation scheme.


Self, person, and identity are among the concepts most central to the way humans think about themselves and others. It is often natural in biology to use such concepts; it seems sensible to say, for example, that the job of the immune system is to attack the non-self, but sometimes it attacks the self. But does it make sense to borrow these concepts? Don't they only pertain to persons, beings with sophisticated minds, and perhaps even souls? I argue that if we focus on the every-day concepts of self and identity, and set aside loftier concepts found in religion, philosophy, and psychology that are applicable, at most, to humans, we can see that self and identity can be sensibly applied widely in biology.

Part of a special issue, Ontologies of Living Beings, guest-edited by A. M. Ferner and Thomas Pradeu


The formation of single‐wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) and other carbon nanophases by the electric arc method was investigated by transmission electron microscopy for various conditions while studying the plasma characteristics (temperature profiles, C2 concentration) by in‐situ emission spectroscopy. Special attention was brought to the anode type, which has not been a thoroughly studied parameter so far. Related parameters were the dispersion of the catalyst (homogeneous or heterogeneous) and the doping with non catalyst phases. Conditions have been found which are able to produce preferentially either SWNTs, or double‐wall nanotubes (DWNTs), or single wall nanocapsules (SWNCs). Focussing on the formation of SWNTs, we also determined arc conditions where web production is increased by up to ∼230% compared to standard conditions. Impurities are only catalyst remnants and amorphous ‐ or nearly ‐ carbon, suggesting that acid‐based purification procedures could be simplified and less severe, with both higher efficiency and lower harmfulness towards SWNT structure. Investigation of the plasma provided interesting results which emphasise the role of the primary structure of the active carbon moieties generated by the anode vaporisation. The unexpected minimisation of the role of C2 in the SWNT growth mechanism is one of the results.


Methods for synthetic modifications of the natural dibenzylbutyrolactone lignan hydroxymatairesinol into chiral 1,4-diols with different lignan-derived backbones have been developed. A stepwise procedure, involving alkylation and oxidation, was shown to be successful and several highly substituted 1,4-diols were prepared. Some substituted butyrolactones resisted alkylation and led to the formation unusually stable hemiketals (butyrolactols). The formation of stable hemiketals was investigated in detail, showing that different backbone structures influence the formation and reactivity of the hemiketals.


Today's E-commerce is hot, while the categorization of goods cannot be handled better, especially to achieve the demand of multiple tasks. In this paper, we propose a multitask learning model based on a CNN in parallel with a BiLSTM optimized by an attention mechanism as a training network for E-commerce. The results showed that the fast classification task of E-commerce was performed using only 10% of the total number of products. The experimental results show that the accuracy of w-item2vec for product classification can be close to 50% with only 10% of the training data. Both models significantly outperform other models in terms of classification accuracy.


Background While smoking exposure has been causally linked to rheumatoid arthritis, the relationship between smoking and the development of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is less clear. The major studies in patients with SLE included did not have statistically significant associations and one outlying study increased the risk for SLE in a predominately Hispanic population. Objectives We investigated whether HLA-DRB1 risk alleles, smoking, or the combination contribute to the development of SLE and whether smoking influences the production of autoantibodies in a Korean population. Methods A total of 877 women from BAE SLE cohort, who fulfilled the American College of Rheumatology 1997 revised criteria for SLE, and 976 healthy women were recruited in a Korean population. Four-digit HLA-DRB1 typing was performed by a conventional PCR-SBT method. Information about smoking history was obtained through a questionnaire by face-to-face interviews. Odds ratios (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated. Results The DRB1*1501 and *0803 alleles were associated with SLE susceptibility, using the relative predispositional effects according to controlling the Bonferroni method [OR 1.82 (95% CI: 1.44-2.03), p=4.45$× $10-7 and OR 1.81 (95% CI: 1.40-2.34), p=4.77×10-6). The smoking had significant effects on the development of SLE [OR 2.50 (95% CI: 1.48-4.21), p=6.23×10-4] adjusted for age and HLA-DRB1 risk alleles. The combination of smoking and HLA risk allele increased the risk for SLE 5.7-fold, compared with nonsmokers without carrying HLA-DRB1 risk alleles. However, interactions between HLA-DRB1 risk alleles and smoking were not observed.We found no significant relationship between smoking and the production autoantibodies, such as anti-Sm, ds-DNA, anti-Ro, anti-La, anti-RNP, or anti-phospholipid antibody in patients with SLE. Table 1. Multiple logistic regression analysis of variables affecting the development of SLE OR† (95% CI) P-value Ever-Smokers 2.50 (1.48–4.21) 6.23×10-4 HLA risk allele (*1501, *0803) Single copy 1.86 (1.45-2.39) 1.22×10-6 Double copies 3.23 (1.71–6.12) 3.13×10-4 †All odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated by logistic regression and were adjusted for age. Table 2. Risk of developing SLE according to smoking and HLA risk alleles HLA risk allele (*1501, *0803)/Smoking OR† (95% CI) –/– reference –/+ 2.13 (1.02–4.47) +/– 1.92 (1.50–2.47) +/+ 5.68 (2.66–11.99) †All odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated by comparing each group with the corresponding reference group [individuals without HLA-DRB1 risk alleles (*1501, *0803)] and were adjusted for age. Conclusions We demonstrated that smoking increases systemic lupus erythematosus susceptibility in individuals carrying the HLA-DRB1 risk alleles. Disclosure of Interest None Declared


Referrals for psychiatric specialist treatment under the National Health Service have increased steadily in numbers, until the annual rate for new patients in England and Wales now stands at over 200,000 (Ministry of Health, 1965). The trend has led some critical observers to conclude that, in the words of one of their number, "Partly because it has oversold itself psychiatry has become oversubscribed" (Kessel, 1963). This is a serious charge, but in the absence of proper evaluative studies it must be judged non proven.


This article details the use of stent grafts for the treatment of iliac and femoropopliteal occlusive disease. The authors describe their experience with differ ent stent graft systems for the treatment of long segmented femoropopliteal artery oc clusions and discuss the results. Literature reports using stent grafts in iliac artery lesions are discussed. A comparison of the available literature data with noncovered stents and stent grafts in iliac and femoropopliteal lesions is given


Solving building acoustic of structures leads to a requirement to know behavior of dynamically loaded structures. Often used design is a window, that glass pane can be modeled as board. When measuring acoustic qualities of windows, monitored value is frequency of excited sound as a sound pressure. From solutions of dynamically loaded structures is known fact that when excited frequency of load is equal, or approximately equal to its natural frequency, there is an unwanted resonance phenomenon.


The purpose of this project IS to design and develop software that can
calculate the final position of the arm robot in forward kinematic after user insert the
data for the arm robot to move. This project combines the knowledge of
mathematics, programming and robotic. This project will include the design and
development of a Graphic User Interface (GUI) using Microsoft Visual Basic. For
this project, the arm robot that is use is Fanuc LR Mate 200iB robot. This arm robot
has six axis of rotation or six Degree of Freedom (DOF). This Fanuc robot is use for
a variety of manufacturing and system process.


Purpose:To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of urolithiasis in allograft kidneys.Methods:The clinical files of urolithiasis in allograft kidneys in 10 cases were retrospectively analyzed consulting with literatures.Results:Six cases were hematuria, 1case was acute anuria, 3 cases were happened to diagnosed by the means of ultrasound examination. The diameters of calculus were 0.5~ 1.4 cm, 8 cases were renal calculus, 2 cases were ureter calculus and one of which was entirely obstructive,Five cases were negative and uric acid calculus. The patients were underwent sorts of therapeutic methods respectively such as ESWL, lithotripsy and dwelling double-J ureteral stent under cystoscopy, basifying urine with medicine to dissolve uric acid calculus. The treatments were effective and 10 cases were all cured.Conclusions:The urolithiasis in allograft kidneys is absence of typical renal colic and the hematuria is the most important indication. Ultrasound and X-ray examination can diagnose and minimally invasive non-operative therapy is effective.


The DiGeorge/velo-cardio-facial syndrome (DG/ VCFS) is characterized by minor facial anomalies, conotruncal heart defect, palatal anomalies, immunological deficit, and neonatal hypocalcemia [Lipson et al., 1991; Wilson et al., 1993; Ryan et al., 1997]. Most of the cases of DG/VCFS are due to a microdeletion of chromosome 22q11.2 (del22q11.2) [Scambler et al., 1991; Driscoll et al., 1993]. This chromosomal anomaly is considered to be among the most frequent causes of genetic syndromes with an estimated incidence of 1/4,000 livebirths [Devriendt et al., 1998]. Gastrointestinal symptoms occur in patients with DG/VCFS in the first years of life [Goldberg et al., 1993; Ryan et al., 1997; Piccoli, 2000]. Particularly, feeding difficulties are considered to be due to dysmotility of the pharyngoesophageal area, which is derived from the third and fourth pharyngeal arches involved in the pathogenesis of the syndrome [McDonald-McGinn et al., 1999; Rommel et al., 1999; Vantrappen et al., 1999]. Feeding problems seem to be the prevalent cause of underweight in the first years of age of DG/VCFS patients; weight growth improves when feeding difficulties become uncommon [Digilio et al., 2001]. To our knowledge, celiac disease (CD) has never been reported in patients with DG/VCFS. But, several other chromosomal syndromes are frequently associated with CD. In fact, screening for CD has been recommended in patients with Down syndrome [Castro et al., 1993; George et al., 1996], Turner syndrome [Bonamico et al., 1998; Ivarsson et al., 1999], and Williams syndrome [Giannotti et al., 2001], since the prevalence of CD in these conditions ranges between 4.5 and 10.5%. The analysis of clinical symptoms has shown an atypical or silent CD in subjects with these syndromes, and the screening tests for CD are considered to be of primary importance in identifying patients who should undergo jejunal biopsy. Considering the high prevalence of CD in these chromosomal abnormalities, we carried out a screening for CD in patients with DG/VCFS, to determine if del22q11.2 could be another condition at risk for CD. Autoimmune disorders, including juvenile rheumatoid arthritis [Rasmussen et al., 1996; Sullivan et al., 1997; Verloes et al., 1998], Graves disease [Pong et al., 1985], and hemolytic anemia [Sherry et al., 1990] have been reported in patients with del22q11.2. Thus, it is possible that other autoimmune disorders are present with increased frequency in patients with del22q11.2. From January 1997 to June 2001, 48 children with DG/VCFS above the age of 18 months underwent a screening forCD in the setting of a follow-upprogram for the syndrome.Therewere28boysand20girls. Their age at time of the screening ranged from 1.8 to 15.5 years (mean SD 5.89 3.84 years). Most patients (43/481⁄4 90%) were more than the age of 3 years. All patients had typical clinical characteristics of the syndrome. The clinical diagnosis of DG/VCFS was confirmed by Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) with Sc11.1 and Co23 probes [Dallapiccola et al., 1996] demonstrating the del22q11.2. All patients were receiving a gluten-containing diet. Anamnestic informations about signs and symptoms in relation to a malabsorption condition were investigated by interview. In particular, the presence of chronic diarrhea, feeding difficulties, and abdominal pain were studied. Weight and height parameters at the time of the screening were recorded and plotted on standard percentile growth charts by Tanner et al. [1966]. Serum immunoglobulins IgA were measured. Antigliadin antibodies (AGA) IgA were studied by enzyme immunoassay (Pharmacia Diagnostic AB, Uppsala, Sweden). A test was considered positive if the sample result was >35 AU. Antiendomysium antibodies (AEA) IgA were determined by indirect immunofluorescence on a section of the lower third of oesophagus of the monkey. The dilution of serum was 1:5. Sera showing fluorescence in the endomysial lining of smooth muscle fibers at 1/5 or higher were considered positive. In presence of positivity of AEA IgA, small-bowel biopsy with Watson's capsule or during endoscopy was performed. The diagnosis of CD was made when villous atrophy with hyperplasia of the crypts and increased *Correspondence to: Dr. Maria Cristina Digilio, Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesu Hospital, Piazza S. Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com


A reversed-phase liquid chromatographic method with UV detection at 235 nm was developed for the determination of uric acid and creatinine in human serum or plasma. This method is accurate, specific and sensitive. Endogenous compounds and 23 commonly used drugs showed no interference with this chromatographic procedure


The present book contains a collection of works developing new trends in theoretical and practical lexicography devoted to manifold description of lexis. All papers are divided into two main sections: Part I, Systemic and Cross-cultural Relations of Words in the Dictionary, presents analysis of cultural issues and phraseology with special reference to English dictionaries for general- and specific-purposes. The main focus is given to the principles of lexicographic presentation of non-equivalent lexis, idioms, cliches, nominations of non-verbal behaviour and proper names of people in bilingual and monolingual dictionaries. Part II, entitled Specialized Dictionaries: Traditions and Innovations, deals with peculiarities of Author Lexicography, Learners lexicography, LSP dictionaries, dictionaries of English verbs, and varieties of the English language in its synchronic and diachronic aspects. This book is based on plenary presentations of the VIIIth school on Lexicography "Synchronic and Diachronic Lexicography: A New Age of Theory and Practice" (Ivanovo State University, September 10-12, 2009) and continues the series of monographs devoted to theoretical and practical problems of modern and historical lexicography: Essays on Lexicon, Lexicography, Terminography in Russian, American and Other Cultures (2007) and Lexicography and Terminology: A Worldwide Outlook (2009) published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing.


The contents of V,Al,Ca,Zn,Ni,Na,Fe and Si in marine fuel oils were determined by ICP-MS with Microwave-assisted digestion.The results showed good linearity in the range of 0—100μg/L.The detection limit was 0.005—12.89μg/L and the recovery was 90.39%—107.48% with relative standard deviation for less than 2.0%.This method has characteristics of low detection limit,high accuracy and good precision,which is suitable to be used to measure V,Al,Ca,Zn,Ni,Na,Fe and Si in marine fuel oils.


1Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital, Bei-Hu Branch, Taipei, Taiwan; 2Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; 3Department of Family Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Bei-Hu Branch, Taipei, Taiwan; 4Department of Family Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; 5Health Science and Wellness Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan Purpose: Limited imaging studies have investigated whether limb muscle quantity and quality change after metabolic syndrome (MetS) development. This pilot study examined MetS influence on limb muscle characteristics in older adults. Methods: Participants were recruited from annual health examinations; their right biceps brachii, triceps brachii, rectus femoris, and gastrocnemius muscles were measured by ultrasound. Anthropometric parameters, blood biochemistry, and physical performance (handgrip strength and gait speed) were also examined. Results: Overall, 129 participants were enrolled, including 26 with MetS. Although handgrip strength was lower in MetS patients, there were no significant between-group differences considering thickness and mean echogenicity of the four muscles. Handgrip strength


Regularly-shaped high-quality Bi2Se3 crystals were grown by a chemical vapor transport using iodine as the transport agent. In addition to exhibiting a characteristic Dirac cone for a topological insulator, the Bi2Se3 crystals show some outstanding properties including additional crystallographic surfaces, large residual resistance ratio (∼10), and high mobility (∼8000 cm2·V−1·s−1). The low-temperature resistivity abnormally increases with applying pressures up to 1.7 GPa, and no superconductivity was observed down to 0.4 K.


Malignant gliomas are divided into anaplastic gliomas (anaplastic astrocytoma, anaplastic oligodendroglioma, and anaplastic oligoastrocytoma) and glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) based upon their histopathologic features1. GBM is best managed with a combined modality approach, incorporating maximal surgical resection, adjuvant postoperative radiation therapy and adjuvant chemotherapy2. The benefit of using temozolomide concurrently with radiation followed by adjuvant temozolomide compared with radiation alone was demonstrated in a phase III trial of 573 patients who underwent surgery for GBM. Temozolomide improved overall survival at two years (10 vs. 26 %, respectively)3. The survival advantage in the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) trial may be attributed either to the temozolomide in the concurrent or to the adjuvant temozolomide or to the combined effect and there was no third arm to compare the effect of the concurrent versus the adjuvant treatment. The aim of our study was to compare the efficacy in terms of progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) and toxicity of temozolamide when given as adjuvant treatment for 6 months after its concurrent treatment with radiotherapy versus temozolamide concurrently with radiotherapy alone in patients with GBM.


Fast Fourier Transform is an algorithm used to compute Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) of a finite series. This Paper Proposes the performance analysis of 32 and 64 point FFT using RADIX-2 Algorithm and it concentrate on Decimation-In-Time Domain (DIT) of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). Here we use Xilinx Design Suite 13.2 Version, by using VHDL as a Design Entity and the Synthesis Result are Stimulated on Vertex Kit.FFT Computation Technique is used in Wide Range of its Mathematics, Auto Correlation, Data Compression, Pattern Recognition etc. The Synthesis Results Shows the Comparison of 32and 64 Point FFT in terms of Speed and Computational Complexity.


The aim of the paper is to present a new formulation of the mental model theory as applied to deductive performance. This formulation should yield the basis for a pragmatic reconstruction of some fundamental concepts of the mental model theory with help of a new definition of logical form. Furthermore, this formulation should give a new basis for the empirical research, open to non-classical interpretations concerning human deductive performance.


This is an annual guide to central and devolved government departments, executive agencies and regulatory and public bodies: who runs them, how they work and what they do. This is complemented by biographies and photographs of top civil servants and senior personnel.


FIELD: process engineering. SUBSTANCE: method of olefins polymerisation comprises feed of olefin and polymerisation catalyst into polymerisation reactor to produce polyolefin. Said reactor comprises fluidised bed region with top and bottom zones and mobile bed region. Note here that mobile bed region one end communicates with fluidised bed region top part. Note also that mobile bed region opposite end communicates with fluidised bed region bottom part. Fluidised bed region diameter exceeds that of mobile bed region. Besides, method comprises circulation of, at least, fraction of olefin, catalyst and polyolefin through fluidised bed region and mobile bed region. Also, it comprises sustaining fluidised bed in sold-phase state in fluidised bed region and removal of polyolefin from the latter. EFFECT: ruled out formation of polymer layers and surface shells. 13 cl, 3 tbl, 4 dwg


- Cloud computing means storing and accessing data and programs over the Internet instead of your computer's hard drive. The cloud is just a metaphor for the Internet. The elements involved in cloud computing are clients, datacenter and distributed server. One of the main problems in cloud computing is load balancing. Balancing the load means to distribute the workload among several nodes evenly so that no single node will be overloaded. Load can be of any type that is it can be CPU load, memory capacity or network load. In this paper we presented an architecture of load balancing and algorithm which will further improve the load balancing problem by minimizing the response time. In this paper, we have proposed the enhanced version of existing regulated load balancing approach for cloud computing by comping the Randomization and greedy load balancing algorithm. To check the performance of proposed approach, we have used the cloud analyst simulator (CloudAnalyst). Through simulation analysis, it has been found that proposed improved version of regulated load balancing approach has shown better performance in terms of cost, response time and data processing time.


Includes descriptive metadata provided by producer in MP3 file: "Lecture: Richard Katrovas reads from his new memoir 'The Years of Smashing Bricks'"


The urapan tree was introduced into Colombia around 50 years ago and has been planted along the streets of cities and rural areas throughout the Andean zone. Previously referred to as Fraxinus chinensis, recent taxonomic studies indicate that its correct name is F. udhei; a native species of Mexico (E. Wollander, personal communication). Symptoms of urapan dieback include yellowing of leaves, little leaves and unusual patterns of regrowth of crowns and, less commonly, on trunks of mature trees, which often give the foliage a tufted appearance. These symptoms are similar to those of ash yellows, a phytoplasma disease found in North America and especially the north-eastern USA (Sinclair & Griffiths, 1996). Urapan trees with similar dieback symptoms have been observed in Bogota, Medellin, Pereira, Manizales in Colombia and in Quito, Ecuador. Using both DAPI staining and PCR, phytoplasma infection was detected in urapan trees affected with dieback, with samples from these trees consistently yielding amplified phytoplasma DNA by PCR using the universal 16S rDNA primers P1/Tint and R16/R2 (Smart et al., 1996; Lee et al., 1993). A phytoplasma-specific product of 1200 base pairs (obtained using primer pair R16/ R2) was sequenced and shown to share 94% homology with ash yellows (AshY3) gene 16sRNA (GenBank accession number AF105315). There is very little information on diseases of F. udhei but there is no indication of any other causes of the symptoms characteristic of ash yellows. In a May 2000 survey of 50 trees from seven localities in Bogota, 48% had moderate symptoms, and 52% were severely affected by the disease. This is the first confirmed record of ash yellows occurring outside North America and has considerable significance for Fraxinus species which are widely planted in urban and rural settings throughout the Andean range as well as natural stands of F. udhei in Mexico.


ADHOC-WSN can be seen as a system network covering of hundreds or thousands of remote sensor hubs which gather the data from their encircling condition and direct their information detected to sink hub or the Base Station .A process named routing protocol represents a procedure to choose reasonable way for the information to venture out from source to goal. The procedure experiences a few troubles while choosing the course (route), which relies on, sort of system, channel qualities and the exhibition measurements. In the technology of WSNs, the system (network) layer is generally cast-off to actualize the mechanism of routing or directing of the approaching information and the protocol for routing is a significant factor in structure of a stack-based communication. The protocols for routing are intended for the sensor-based networks, essentially these should achieve high dependability. Firstly, according to the energy level of cluster head states in the 'LUT' should be changed to notify all other nodes about the new cluster head and now they have to send the data to new cluster head. The backup node identity number should also be maintained in the look up table as this will give the address of the new cluster head to all other members nodes. Secondly, when new cluster head replace the old cluster head at that time cluster will also reform and choose the new members nodes that will fall within its threshold value of distance. The most challenging task is to maintain the efficient delivery of data packet therefore a performance analysis of a infrastructure less network is done using two advance protocols which is implemented in a virtual traffic scenario with active mobility concept. By using (SL-ZRP & IR-AODV) the estimated result is achieved in the form of lesser end to end delay & improved PDR. The most practical applicability of this work is in defense sector where spontaneous communication setup is organized.In proposed approach use Adaptive, optimize and hybrid optimization approaches. These approaches improve clustering parameters and energy efficiency.


The processing losses of ascorbic acid (i\si\) in t\vo commercial dry pelleted fish feeds and a laboratory cold pelleted diet have been determined. One of the colnmercial feeds was investigated on AsA losses during storage for 24 weeks at two different temperatures, 4'C and 20' C . Values for processing and storage losses are given showing that substantial amounts of supplemented AsA were destroyed. Possible detrimental factors affecting AsA stability in feeds are discussed.


Recurrent ventricular arrhythmias are clinically challenging cases. Patients frequently have been trialed on a variety of antiarrhythmic medications, and symptomatic cases ultimately require invasive interventions with the utilization of multiple resources. In this report, we present a 61-year-old African American male admitted to an intensive care unit with nonischemic cardiomyopathy and persistent hemodynamically unstable ventricular tachycardia successfully managed with a bilateral stellate ganglion block. He had previously been trialed on a number of antiarrhythmic medications, cardioversions, and ablations. While not commonly considered first-line therapy, stellate ganglion blocks are a promising intervention in the management of incessant ventricular tachycardia. Larger studies will be required to determine a possible role of stellate ganglion blocks in the treatment of ventricular arrhythmias.


In this position paper, we argue that advances in intelligent cinematography require better models of the multi-modal structure of filmic discourse, and of the inferences made by an audience while films are being watched. Such questions have been addressed by film scholars and cognitive scientists in the past, but their models have not so far had sufficient impact on the intelligent cinematography community. In the future, this community should become more interested in understanding how cinematography and editing affect the movie in the audience's mind. At the same time, such frameworks can help researchers in computer graphics use computer simulations to build experiments in film cognition and test hypotheses in film theory.


Abstract In the present study, a test was developed to measure the knowledge level of women farmers of Himachal Pradesh in vegetable cultivation practices. A preliminary test of twenty-eight knowledge items was initially administered to 42 women farmers who were involved in vegetable farming for item analysis. Finally, fourteen knowledge items were included in the final format of the knowledge test based on the difficulty index (30 to 80), discrimination index (< 0.20) and point-biserial correlation coefficient (≥ 0.236). The reliability of the knowledge test was measured with the help of split-half method and Kuder-Richardson Formula 20 and reliability coefficients were found to be 0.82 and 0.81, respectively, which indicates that this knowledge test is quite reliable. The test was further administered to 100 respondents and it was found that majority of the respondents (66.00 %) had moderate level of knowledge about vegetable farming.


According to American Halliburton Company standard,Chevron Corporation standard and domestic Great Wall Drilling Company (GWDC) standard,China Oilfield Services Limited (COSL) late standard,the difference between the polyanionic cellulose (PAC) experimental norm in different oil company standards at home and abroad were studied,internal factor was analyzed. Results showed that the application requirements of the oil company at home and abroad were different for the PAC apparent viscosity and fluid loss. Simple increase viscosity can't improve the application performance of PAC,Only the substitute degree ,viscosity and chloride content were also considered,the application performance of PAC could be improved.


Mucor circinelloides is a fungus that has been reported to produce ethanol, oil, protein, phosphate and glucosamine, depending on the available nutrients and cultivation conditions. Due to its ability to produce extracellular proteases, it is able to ferment polypeptides and amino acids broken down from various protein sources. In this study, we attempted to culture the Mucor circinelloides on waste substrates to deproteinize prawn shells for the extraction of chitin and subsequently extract chitosan from its fungal cell wall in a concurrent fermentation. The physio-chemical properties of the extracted crustacean chitin and fungal chitosan were determined by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Elemental Analysis (EA). We found that Mucor circinelloides grown on okara and coffee waste behaved as an excellent protease producer and successfully extracted chitin from prawn shells with a degree of deacetylation of 69.94% and 68.82%, respectively, comparable to commercial chitin (70.46%). The fungal chitosan extracted from the fermentation of Mucor circinelloides on red grape pomace substrate showed a degree of deacetylation of 61.05%, comparable to commercial chitosan (64.00%). Our results suggested feasibility of extracting chitosan from seafood waste-streams using cost-effective microbial fermentation.


The influence of HIP treatment on the fatigue reliability of aluminum alloy castings was investigated. The main results obtained were as follows : (1) The fatigue strength of HIP-treated castings was improved by 20% ∼ 30% by the HIP treatment. (2) As the cooling rate of HIP-treated castings was increased, the microstructure was controlled fine. The fatigue strength of HIP-treated castings produced using a rapid cooling rate was greater than that produced using a slow coolling rate. (3) According to the S/δ0.2 N diagram, it could be understood that the fatigue strength of HIP-treated castings was mutually related to the yield strength. (4) The effect of stress gradient on 107 fatigue strength of HIP-treated castings was less than that on non-HIP-treated castings. (5) The plane facet induced by slip was always observed at the origin of the fatigue crack in HIP-treated castings. Hence it could be concluded that the fatigue strength of HIP-treated castings was improved because the porosities were reduced by HIP treatment. (6) From SEM fractographs, it is considered that the fatigue life is controlled by the plane facet size at the origin of the fatigue crack, that is, the primary crystal size of aluminum.


The author discusses the socio-demographic structure of immigration from East European socialist countries like Albania and Yugoslavia to the U.S.A. and Canada from 1941 till the middle of the eighties. A characteristic feature of these, including Albania and Yugoslavia, migrations, which are also called modern migrations, are changes in their directions, intensity, causes as well as the social structure of the immigrants. The analysis of this process distinguishes its five phases enclosed in five consecutive decades, i.e. 1941–1950; 1951–1960; 1961–1970; 1971–1980; the last phase which started in 1981 is not finished yet. The data presented show that in the period in question the immigrants from the European socialist countries constituted only 2.9% of the total number of immigrants to the U.S.A., while their proportion in the total number of immigrants to Canada was 6.6%. The proportion of immigrants from East Europe in the U.S.A. was ca. 2.5% of the total number of admissions in the years 1941–87, while in Canada – ca. 5.4%. In comparison with the decades 1961–70 and 1971–80 in the middle of the 80's the proportion of immigrants from the examined countries in the U.S.A. and Canada increased. It is worth noting that the proportion of Poles among the emigrants from the East European countries in the U.S.A. and Canada is comparatively the highest, suggesting that Poles are the most mobile of all East European nations, including Yugoslavs.


The article presents a developed algorithm for the manipulator drive control system using a processor. This algorithm consists of three parts: the functioning algorithm of the manipulator drive control system, in order to ensure the movement of the workpiece along a given path; the functioning algorithm of the manipulator drive control system, with an aim of eliminating the deviation of the true path of the manipulated object from the set; the functioning algorithm of the manipulator drive control system, ensuring the capture of the manipulated object. When creating the first algorithm, a speed vector control method is used, which consists in reporting specific speeds and accelerations for each of three degrees of mobility, depending on the projections of the trajectory on the coordinate axis and the time required for the manipulation object to pass from the beginning of the path to its end. When creating the second algorithm, the method of sequential adjustments is used. The third algorithm is based on a change in the position of the gripper when the generalized coordinates of the workpiece (axial coordinates and rotation angles) go beyond the allowable area. These algorithms are necessary when creating programs for controlling the manipulator drives, which is used to automate the movement of workpieces in the forging or hot stamping processes.


In order to high-altitude areas to provide a carrot cultivation of the theoretical basis,three carrot varieties were introduced from Xining,the three carrot varieties were compared at an altitude of 3000 meters more and cold regions materials testing.The results showed that Sanhong carrot yield was 69603 kg ha-1.It is the highest yield among them.Sanhong was selected for the best carrot variety in the place.


Psychiatric services delivered outside agreed contracts between purchasers and providers will not be paid for. Reduced income will then mean reduced services. This article describes how psychiatrists might understand and address the contracting issues for their service, so that they effectively involve themselves in the contracting process in their locality, and so maintain the services for their patients.


Sir, Annular pustular psoriasis (APP) is a rare form of psoriasis characterized by gyrate, annular lesions with an erythematous, scaly, pustular margin (1). Although usually generalized, in some instances it appears as a localized form (2). We herein report a case of APP localized to the dorsa of feet of a 23year-old woman. She had a 4-year history of similar lesions on the same area, but there was no evidence of other cutaneous involvement.


The State v Green
Foss-Harbottle J: The accused has been charged under the Corruption Act, 1992 for taking his clients to lunch. The accused's company sells widgets which are no better or worse than any others on the market. An unsolicited attempt to woo a customer backfired when a criminal charge was laid.


OBJECTIVE:To explore the potential and feasibility of 99Tcm-Annexin B1 for the detection of tumor cell apoptosis induced by chemotherapy.METHODS:The uptake rate(%ID/g) of 99Tcm-Annexin B1 by tumor cell 0,5,10,15,20 and 25 hours after chemotherapy with a large single dose of paclitaxel(30 mg/kg) was investigated in tumor-bearing mice with MDA-MB-435 cells.Planar scintigraphy with 99Tcm-Annexin B1 was used to detect tumor apoptosis in W256 cell tumor-bearing rats.The rats were treated with a large single dose of cyclophosphamide(200 mg/kg),or treated with normal saline as control.RESULTS:The biodistribution analyses revealed an uptake peak of 99Tcm-Annexin B1 at 15 h after the paclitaxel treatment in MDA-MB-435 mice,increasing from(0.15±0.013)%ID/g at 0 h(control) to(0.22±0.026)%ID/g at 15 h after the chemotherapy.Importantly,there was a significant correlation between tumor uptake of 99Tcm-Annexin B1 and AI determined by TUNEL analyses(r=0.88,P0.01).The scintigraphy in W256 rats showed increased radioactivity accumulation in the tumor at 24 h after the chemotherapy compared with the control.The tumor-to-background ratio(T/B) increased from 1.39±0.21 in the untreated rats to 2.57±0.43 in the chemotherapy rats.CONCLUSIONS:99Tcm-Annexin B1 as a noninvasive means to detect tumor cell apoptosis induced by chemotherapy is feasible.99Tcm-Annexin B1 can be used to assess tumor response to chemotherapy.


Summary
The cryoprotective effect of low- or non-sweet additives, PalatinitR, PolydextroseR, casein hydrolysate and fish protein hydrolysate (at 8% w/w) as well as lactitol (at 4% and 8% w/w) were compared to an industrial control containing sucrose/sorbitol (8% w/w) and a control without additive in cod surimi stored at –20°C for 4 months. Freeze-induced protein denaturation was evaluated monthly by salt extractable protein and differential scanning calorimetry analyses of surimi followed by texture and expressible moisture analyses of surimi cooked gels. Results revealed that protein functionality was similarly maintained during frozen storage by lactitol, PalatinitR and PolydextroseR when incorporated in cod surimi at the 8% level. Surimi gels could be produced with textural attributes comparable to 8% w/w sucrose/sorbitol surimi gels, and the level of lactitol in cod surimi could be reduced to 4% w/w without significant alteration of cryoprotection. Some benefits in gel-forming properties were obtained by adding 8% casein hydrolysate to cod surimi.


The subject of physician participation in interrogations (either military or law enforcement related) continues to surface as an issue of debate. Why? Allow me to state what I believe undergirds most debates on this issue: terror. No, not terrorism per se, but terror of death.


The power transmission fluid composition for extreme pressure applications. The power transmission fluid includes a base oil and the formula: (Wherein, R The detergent is substantially devoid of calcium cations. The power transmission fluid composition


This article examines how and why firms in Bangalore, a city in southern India, have achieved success in the global software industry. We use Porter's "diamond framework" to analyze information obtained from secondary sources and interviews with engineers, managers, and top executives from software firms and officials involved in Bangalore's development. While we found some aspects of the case conform to Porter's framework, many other elements tend to diverge from the model. Thus, the article contributes to the Porter's diamond model literature by extending its application to assessing the development of successful regions in knowledge-based industries in developing economies. The discussion in the article would be of value to officials interested in creating such successful regions, as well as international business executives interested in the opportunities afforded by locating in these regions.


This study aims to determine the effect of compensation and work environment on the performance of lecturers at Mercu Buana University by organizational culture as a mediating variable. The research method used is quantitative method. The object of this research is a lecturer at the Faculty of Economics and Business with the permanent lecturer category A with a sample of 92 people. Analysis and testing techniques use the Structural Equation Model–Partial Least Square (SEM–PLS). The test results show that compensation and work environment have a positive and significant effect on lecturer performance by organizational culture as mediating variable. Organizational culture fully mediates compensation, and the work environment on lecturer performance.


The optimal use of libraries is through user education, because through this program users get a series of knowledge about information sources. One way to find out the success of a program is to do an assessment. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of user education that has been implemented in the Library of the Faculty of Engineering UGM. CIPP Model (Context, Input, Process & Product) used for evalution with a qualitative approach. Research subjects were members of the UGM Faculty of Engineering who had attended user education programs and library management team. Data collection is done with documentation, interviews, and observations. The results showed (1) the Context evaluation was good, there was a match between the program with the vision and mission of the institution, (2) Evaluation of inputs was good, supporting facilities and facilities were adequate, (3) Process evaluation was sufficient, the implementation schedule needed to be improved, ( 4) Evaluation of the product is good, there is a certificate as a sign of following the activity by achieving the competency that has been set. The factors that support the implementation of the program are competency of human resources, communication, adequate facilities and infrastructure, and good cooperation with stakeholders. The factors that hinder the program are the schedule of activities that are not yet routine, those responsible for the program cannot be delegated to other people, there is no analysis of student needs, and there is no written policy on this program. The recommendation of this research is that it is necessary to improve several inhibiting factors so that the implementation of user education activities can run smoothly in accordance with the stated goals.


By(~(40))Ar/(~(39))Ar dating for tremolite of contact metasomatic type iron deposits in the eastern Tianshan,this paper has yielded plateau age at(387.21±0.68)Ma and isochron age at(389.65±1.46)Ma.Metallogenic age of this kind of iron deposits was incipiently considered to be at about 387Ma.Combined with regional tectonic backgrounds,it is proposed that the eastern Tianshan was a continental arc in the early Paleozoic which resulted from the subduction of the paleo-ocean crust.Continental arc magmatism was the main dynamics for iron enrichment,and also one of the dominant factors for contact metasomatic type iron deposits.


This scoping review studies the relationship of past translation studies to present-day lexicography. Different scholarly articles and journals about the two disciplines have been collated and meticulously studied in order to come up with a direct conclusion. It has been discovered that through the amalgamation of the articles and journals, cohesion and similarities were discovered. Translation has a strong historical background, and so is lexicography, but as the timeline between the two was separated, certain connections became vague. With the propensity for being equivocal, related articles were tediously read, and it has come to light that the relationship between translation's history and present-day lexicography is indispensable. The derivatives of the studies that were utilized in this scoping review can definitely be of the essence to future studies and promote translation and lexicography's function in language learning. The two principles are both seen to be crucial and vital to the learning of language, thus making them strong foundations of vocabulary, meaning-making, and word adaptation and variation.


We study a classical two-state stochastic system in a sea of substrates and products (absorbing states), which can be interpreted as a single Michaelis-Menten catalyzing enzyme or as a channel on a cell surface. We introduce a novel general method and use it to derive the expression for the full counting statistics of transitions among the absorbing states. For the evolution of the system under a periodic perturbation of the kinetic rates, the latter contains a term with a purely geometrical (the Berry phase) interpretation. This term gives rise to a pump current between the absorbing states, which is due entirely to the stochastic nature of the system. We calculate the first two cumulants of this current, and we argue that it is observable experimentally.


Based on low utilization rate of energy and high fuel consumption, a parallel hydraulic & electric configuration for hybrid excavator was proposed according to the capacitor and motor. The mathematical model of key components such as engine, electric motor, and capacitor were established. For the hybrid power system based on SUNWARD 20T hybrid excavator, the paper established simulation model and analyzed the energy saving effect of hybrid system by simulation based on the actual load spectrum of hydraulic excavator as input signal. The results indicate that adopting the parallel hybrid system are helpful to improve the energy saving effect of hydraulic excavator, and the energy saving efficiency is about 23.6%.


The problem in accurate and fast face detection and tracking in video images with complex background is studied in this paper. In order to meet both of speed and accuracy, a face detection method integrating the skin color segmentation and Split up Sparse Network of Winnows (SNoW) is presented. This kind of method can not only utilize the advantage of skin color segmentation to remove the interference of complex background, but also has the advantage of Split up SNoW in accurately classifying feathers. More importantly, this method can inherit their common advantage of fast speed. Based on these advantages, the method is used to detect human face areas and then use the way of Continuously Adaptive Mean Shift (CAMShift) to track human face areas. The experimental results show that the proposed method integrating the skin color segmentation and Split up SNoW is superior to each single method. Through this method we can achieve higher recognition accuracy and faster speed in face detection and tracking.


Fisheries are poorly developed throughout the western Caribbean. An exception is British Honduras where there is a substantial folk-fishery and the daily consumption of fresh fish is customary by the urban population. There are three ethnic groups of fishermen, with Mestizos from the northern cays providing leadership in the annual exploitation of an unusual concentration of grouper in the Cay Glory area. Timing of the occurrence allows surplus salt-cured fish to be sold to inland communities and exported at premium prices to satisfy Lenten demand. Numerous adaptations to tropical climatic conditions have evolved in preservation techniques but the industry as a whole may soon decline owing to overfishing if uncontrolled exploitation continues.


 Abstract—Intensive application of inorganic compounds for agriculture activities leads to increased percolation into the subsurface and can end up in the groundwater. Nitrate is considered a moderate solute in soils and could move quickly through the soil especially on sandy or permeable soils profile leading to groundwater pollution. This paper presents an application of numerical models in order to investigate the migration process of nitrates through sand. Two software products, SEEP/W and CTRAN/W, are used to analyze the contaminant transport. These models can be used to optimize agricultural practice aiming to minimize the impact on the environment. Nitrate sorption in the sand is influenced by environmental conditions which contributing to the migration process of nitrate in soil. The behavior of nitrate transport through sand is tested when vertical wall of sheet pile is used as a barrier. The involved parameters are the penetration depth of protection wall, location of wall from the pollution source, and the head deference of the water level. The results show that the physical properties of soil have significant effect on the movement of the contaminant. Also, the results indicate that the change in head difference has insignificant effect on the contaminant migration process. Finally, the best location and depth of the vertical barrier are determined to minimize the proportion of the reached contaminant to attain the maximum possible protection of the drain's water.


The increase of the concentration of greenhouse gases and global warming are the main problems that the European Commission is trying to solve by proposing the Green Deal, but the well-being of agri-food businesses is influenced, next to the ecologic factors, by the social and economic factors such as maintaining competitive pricing, especially when competing with agri-food businesses that are not affected by the European sustainability measures, and consumers' interest in buying sustainable products. Analysing the current state of knowledge and carrying out a qualitative exploratory research among the agri-food organizations in Romania, the coordinates of the Romanian agri-food market and a series of its peculiarities were outlined. The research results show that there is a positive perception regarding the opportunity to implement the Green Deal's measures and suggest using a strategic matrix to facilitate their adoption in the context of current economic and social transformations.


This paper examines the programme at Akademistanbul, an alternative establishment of higher learning in Istanbul, and the particular niche it caters for in the Turkish educational system. Its students are all female, and they all wear the headscarf. As such, Akademistanbul is one of the institutions of higher learning that has been welcoming to hijabi women even in a period of headscarf ban in universities. Akademistanbul offers programmes in Islamic studies, Arabic and Psychology and its trajectory reveals the interesting shift in what routes girls who have been barred from going to secular universities may follow for higher learning. My paper will look at the curriculum of the academy and include interviews with the students and staff to see where they place it in the constellation of the alternative institutions of higher learning in Turkey, particularly in relation to theology faculties at 'secular' universities.


With the invagination of the deep surface of the tooth buds of mouse embryos (15 days of gestation), heparan sulfate in the region of the lamina lucida of the dental basement membrane began to disappear. Subsequently, as the outline of the future dentino-enamel junction, which elaborates the molar cusp pattern, was formed (16-17 days of gestation), heparan sulfate disappeared not only in the lamina lucida but also at the external side of the lamina densa. However, prior to or during predentin matrix deposition (18 days of gestation), heparan sulfate reappeared in the dental basement membrane.


Indigenous women in the Western Arctic have produced artwork for hundreds of years as their contribution to their family's survival. With the arrival of the European explorers and whalers new materials, techniques and incentives were introduced. Women of all three cultural groups now produce various types of artwork: the Inuvialuit (Eskimo), the Dene (Indian), and non native or Euro-Oanadian. These cultures, along with Metis now co-exist in most Western Arctic communities, and have expressed the need to understand and cooperate with each other more fully to ensure the survival of the arts in the education of future generations. The arts of all three heritage groups appear to have influenced each other as they developed in the Western Arctic Region over the last hundred years. Influences include historical education and church practices, changes in society and traditional ways of life, politics and government, various economic pressures including the decline of the fur industry, the rise and fall of the oil and gas industry, and the harshness of the Arctic landscape and climate. The traditional women's artwork of all three cultures is interwoven with new materials and techniques, and must be -understood within its historical context. In the past, the production of artifacts was gender related. Women's art forms were different from those created by men, and were usually unsigned. Most women in pre-industrial societies created articles to be used by their families such as clothing, footwear, utensils, or items of household decoration. Now in a development parallel to the Arts and Crafts Movement in Europe and America, many women living in the Western Arctic also produce artwork for sale. They produce a variety of art forms that are widely acclaimed for their aesthetic value. These include Moose and Oaribou-hair tufting, embroidery, beadwork, fur inlay, printmaking, painting, Delta-Braid, fur clothing, porcupine quillwork, birchbark baskets, stained glass, pottery, quilting, fashion design, and mixed media. The Western Arctic is worthy of study because each cultural group has developed unique ways of using new McNeal: Western Arctic Women Artists http://ir.uiowa.edu/mzwp/vol13/iss1/27 materials and techniques to reflect their collective cultural heritage, yet the influence of the other groups is observable. Through interviews with more than fifty women who are artists, teachers, and or arts organizers, the stories of the women's artistic lives will be pieced together to show the evolving forms of Western Arctic art production. There is much to be learned from the elder women themselves about past and present practices. How the lives of producing women artists have been affected by the fabric of these interwoven cultures is part of the study of art history and aesthetics. How the women talk about their art and education is part of the study of art history, criticism, and production. Through videotape and audiotaped interviews, the voices of the women themselves will be heard as they critically discuss their art and its value in their lives, as well as historical aspects such as how they learned their skills. These tapes are the raw data around which this dissertation is being written. Statement of the Problem Three cultures co-exist in the Western Arctic, in varying percentages in each community. In the MacKenzie Delta region (Inuvik, Aklavik, Fort McPherson, Arctic Red River, Tuktoyaktuk, Paulatuk, and Holman), the three cultures are fairly equal in numbers, and there is striking evidence of a mutual influence in the artwork of today's women. There is also evidence of a similarity among the cultural groups in the way women's art relates to their lives. However, we know little about the women themselves, or how they value their aesthetic contributions and artistic skills. We may still be able to leam from elders about old ways that pre-date the arrival of European influence The indigenous peoples are struggling to maintain or revive their cultural identity, but the variety of artistic contributions to the cultural fabric of the entire region is rarely acknowledged. As land claims are settled, and new political structures emerge, affecting all sectors, this time of drastic change creates an urgent need for the cultures to understand each other. Each group has contributed an artistic, cultural, and educational heritage that is interwoven with others. All groups have expressed the need for increased knowledge and understanding of these complex interrelationships as important to future cooperation and survival. Rationale and Statement of Purpose The artwork produced by the women of the Western Arctic cannot be understood outside this context. Hence it is necessary to study the Marilyn Zurmuehlen Working Papers in Art Education, Vol. 13 [1995], Art. 27 http://ir.uiowa.edu/mzwp/vol13/iss1/27 Map o f Canadian Arctic Regions including Western and Eastern Arctic Communities of women interviewed and treejjne' are indicated. McNeal: Western Arctic omen Artists http://ir.uiowa.edu/mzwp/vol13/iss1/27 historical, social, cultural, and aesthetic milieu in which this art is created. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to discover, through conversations with women artists, and those involved in the teaching and sale of art, the context and motivation for women's artistic production. In discovering their reasons for creating art, what influences their artistic production, and how they learned their aesthetic skills, we gain insight to guide future generations. The knowledge gained through this study will enhance world understanding of how women maintain cultural identity through their art, how they benefit from cooperation with other cultures, and how they contribute to the education of future generations. This understanding has implications for curriculum in Canada's North and all of North America, and will foster more appropriate Discipline-based Art Education practices. Significance of the Study This study emphasizes the importance of women's art in maintaining cultural identity. It is significant not only in Canada, but in other countries of the world where indigenous peoples have been colonized by those of a dominant culture. How women in certain cultures resist assimilation and maintain cultural identity through their artwork is an important outcome of this research. Through education and passing on artistic skills to later generations, women contribute greatly to their own culture and also to the cooperation and understanding of co-existing cultural groups. The addition of this information to existing multicultural perspectives will lead to more than artistic cooperation, enabling Discipline-Based Art Education programs to better serve the various cultures of the world, and foster greater understanding among them.


A new multidisk magnetorheological fluid actuator was proposed using the shear stress of magnetorheological fluid between rotating disks. The transmission torque was calculated based on the Bingham model, and the magnetic circuit was designed in accordance with electromagnetic theory. Then, a magnetostatic simulation was conducted to validate the designed magnetic circuit. Furthermore, an experimental study was performed to investigate the performance of the prototype. The results show that the transmission torque increases approximately linearly with the input current within the saturation range of magnetorheological fluid. Both the input current and the gap thickness have little influence on the dynamic response property of the proposed magnetorheological fluid actuator. Moreover, the temperature of magnetorheological fluid increases linearly with the time in the slip and loaded states, and the greater the slip power is, the faster the temperature rises. Furthermore, the temperature rise of magnetorheological fluid will result in the reductions of the torque transmission ability and the dynamic response speed. On the whole, the proposed multidisk magnetorheological fluid actuator has a higher torque capacity and a slightly slower dynamic response in comparison with the present magnetorheological devices. It is promising for applications in many high torque occasions.


In March 1999, a mass food poisoning accident occurred as a result of squid chips produced by a factory in Aomori Prefecture. The causative agents were Salmonella Oranienburg (SO) and S. Chester (SC); the number of patients affected totaled 1,634 in 46 prefectures nationwide. With respect to the accident, causal food and its manufacturer were examined as well as the environment of the related factory and the port where the material (squid) was imported. The isolates were tested for biochemical characteristics, drug sensitivities, pathogenic gene searches via the PCR method, gene analysis via pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, heat tolerance, dryness tolerance, and salt tolerance for epidemiological studies. The relationship between this case and other sporadic incidents involving Salmonella poisoning was also studied. The results revealed a high level of contamination at the factory concerned and the presence of SO, which is thought to be identical with that isolated from patients and causal food, in trash on the sea surface and the feces of sea birds near the port of importation, and in drainage water from the factory concerned, suggesting an association with the present case. SC was not isolated from the environment. The isolates


The self-observation experience using the videotape technique does not only raise problems of a technical and practical nature; it also poses psychological problems. When a person is confronted by his or her own image, a series of personnal problems occasionally arises whose consideration extends beyong the scope of the exercise itself. However, one may ask whether this is the main source of all the difficulties and uncertainties involved in the exercise, and principally of the risks to which those who use it lay themselves open. In practice the questions they put, either directly or indirectly, are not restricted to this aspect alone, and their observations allow us to identify four "areas of investigation": the first concerns the issues involved in interpersonal communication; the second, the intersubjective determinants of the self-image; the third concerns the specific nature of the electronic image itself and the use of the equipment; lastly, the fourth raises the question of the actual purpose of this technique. By considering the various areas in depth we are better able to identify the real issues involved in the use of closed-circuit tv and to draw a number of lessons on the requirements for their use, and at the same time to open up prospects for the training of those who use this technique and for the future research in this field.


Excerpt INTRODUCTION There has been a great deal of interest in vagotomy, as a therapeutic technic for peptic ulcer, ever since its introduction by Dragstedt1four years ago. Several excellent paper...


Eleven amino‐substituted 1,4‐naphthoquinones were synthesized via the reaction of 1,4‐naphthoquinone with different primary and secondary mono‐ and diamines in the presence of dichloromethane ethanol (1:2) solvent at room temperature. All compounds were purified by flash column chromatography, characterized by TLC, HPLC, 13C‐NMR, 1H‐NMR, and FT‐IR spectral analysis and were evaluated in vitro for antifilarial activity using adult bovine filarial worm Setaria digitata by assessing worm motility and MTT (3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide) reduction. Seven of the 11 compounds had macrofilaricidal activity with compounds 9 (2‐[(1,3‐dimethylbutyl) amino] naphthalene‐1,4‐dione) and 11 (2‐(4‐methylpiperazin‐1‐yl) naphthalene‐1,4‐dione) having maximum activity (ED50 values of 0.91 and 1.2 µM, respectively, at 48 h). The effect of different substitutions on antifilarial activity is discussed. Drug Dev Res 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


This paper describes ROV (Remotely Operated Vehicle) that can take sample of contaminated water and soil while the operator operates it on the shore or ship. User can operate ROV wirelessly. ROV is...


In this chapter, we discuss the birth, life and death of the mitochondrion. In recent years, great advances have been made into the understanding of the factors controlling the architecture, dynamics and trafficking of the mitochondrion within the cell. The complexity resulting from two genomes means that mitochondrial biogenesis requires the import of subunits encoded by the nucleus and their assembly together with mitochondrially encoded subunits. Mitochondria grow old and die, and the mechanisms that have evolved to control such death—mitophagy and apoptosis—are described.


A Bayesian approach is presented for modeling a time series by an autoregressive-moving average model. The treatment is robust to innovation and additive outliers and identiies such outliers. It enforces stationarity on the autoregressive parameters and invertibility on the moving average parameters, and takes account of uncertainty about the correct model by averaging the parameter estimates and forecasts of future observations over the set of permissible models. Posterior moments and densities of unknown parameters and observations are obtained by Markov chain Monte Carlo in O(n) operations, where n is the sample size. The methodology is illustrated by applying it to a data set previously analyzed by Martin, Samarov and Vandaele (1983), and to a simulated example.


Optical and microwave communication classically focus more on the magnitude manipulation of electromagnetic carriers. Recently, a multiplexing method utilizing orbital angular momentum (OAM) is developed, which has been an important study of communication art. Based on OAM multiplexing, a communication method that introduces Berry‐phase carriers is presented in this research, which can naturally eliminate the channel disturbance. To verify the proposed method, two information systems are presented, including a multiplexing communication system in a large‐scale scenario and a double‐helical information system in a microscale scenario. All the results are verified by the corresponding experiments. This method achieves some advanced performances, for instance, directional communication and self‐anti‐interference, which shows potential applications in areas such as information, materials, and bionics.


Transaction management is a major issue in Mobile Commerce (M-commerce). It enables people to order goods and access information in an anywhere and anytime fashion. Given the nature of mobile computing, there is a need for a generic approach that adapts to the needs of M-commerce applications. We propose a new multi-agent approach that dynamically manages mobile transactions which adapt to the processing environment of M-commerce. We also present techniques that deal with the issues of handoff, disconnection, or system failures. Potential advantages of the proposed approach include enhanced flexibility, improved performance and fault tolerance.


We propose a practical method to test the hypothesis of multivariate normality. The multivariate normal distribution is characterized by the fact that all its joint cumulants of order higher than two are zero, so that a simple and natural way to test the hypothesis of multivariate normality will be to use sample cumulants as test statistics. In view of this, we suggest to compute exact conditional moments of sample cumlants given sample variances and covariances. And by applying asymptotic normality, we calculate exact second order conditional moments of the third cumulants, which will be used to test the normality.


The pipeline construction project at PT. Gearindo Prakarsa often delays because many activities are not in accordance with the target, this is due to the repair process on welding and lack of manpower in some activities. This results in the actual duration being longer than the planning duration. So it is necessary to control the control through optimizing the schedule and implementation costs as well as risk analysis for the welding process. CPM and crashing methods are one of the methods used in controlling to get a more optimal time and cost duration. Meanwhile, to overcome any improvements made by conducting a risk analysis to determine the risk of defects from safety, environmental and cost factors. If the welding activity does not change the welding process, using the CPM and crashing methods, the optimal time is 59 days by adding 15 workers and costs Rp. 9,001,453. If the overall welding process changes with SMAW or GTAW, by analyzing the increase in consumption costs of Rp. 27,72,000 for the SMAW process and Rp. 44,366,169, for the GTAW process. In terms of the level of risk, porosity defects and incomplete fusion in the SMAW process are at a high risk level for safety, environmental and cost factors. Meanwhile, in the GTAW process, complete fusion defects are at a high risk level for the cost factor.


The prevalence of depression among the population estimated at 8-12%. The World Health Organization admits that the existing help system is not sufficiently successful in dealing with depression, and gives priority to online methods – accessible and anonymous. So it can be used by a large number of people and can help to overcome the problem of stigmatization of people with depression. In the article current trends in using online diagnostics tools (mobile applications and gadgets) are discussed and detection of groups with depression risk in social media digital footprints are analyzed. The prospect of research consists in studying the mechanisms and identifying specific components of programs related to the preventive effect, as well as the possibilities of using online methods to work with other mental disorders.


BACKGROUND: The resistance of the endotracheal tube (ETT), the heat and moisture exchanger (HME), and the ventilator may affect the patient's respiratory status. Although previous studies examined the inspiratory work of breathing (WOB), investigation of WOB in the expiratory phase is rare. We estimated tracheal pressure at the tip of the ETT (Ptrach) and calculated expiratory WOB imposed by the ETT, the HME, and the expiratory valve. We examined imposed expiratory WOB in patients under a continuous mandatory ventilation (CMV) mode and during spontaneous breathing trials (SBTs). We hypothesized that imposed expiratory WOB would increase with heightened ventilatory demand. METHODS: We measured airway pressure (Paw) and respiratory flow (V̇). We estimated Ptrach using the equation Ptrach = Paw – K1 × V̇K2 – 2.70 × V̇(L/s)1.42. K1 and K2 were determined by the inner diameter (ID) of the ETT. Imposed expiratory WOB was calculated from the area of Ptrach above PEEP versus lung volume. We examined imposed expiratory WOB and imposed expiratory resistance in relation to mean expiratory flow. RESULTS: We examined 28 patients under CMV mode, and 29 during SBT. During both CMV and SBT, as mean expiratory flow increased, imposed expiratory WOB increased. The regression curves between mean expiratory flow (x) (L/s) and imposed expiratory WOB (y) (J/L) were y = 1.35x0.83 (R2 = 0.79) for 7 mm ID ETT under CMV, y = 1.12x0.82 (R2 = 0.73) for 8 mm ID ETT under CMV, y = 1.07x1.04 (R2 = 0.85) for 7 mm ID ETT during SBT, and y = 0.84x0.93 (R2 = 0.75) for 8 mm ID ETT during SBT. Levels of imposed expiratory WOB were affected by ETT diameter and ventilator mode. The reason for increasing imposed expiratory WOB was an increase in expiratory resistance imposed by the ETT and HME. CONCLUSIONS: Under mechanical ventilation, imposed expiratory WOB should be considered in patients with higher minute ventilation.


Text mining, also known as text data mining or text knowledge discovery, means discovering implicit, previously unknown, and potentially useful patterns in large amounts of text. In this paper, the text mining is first introduced including its definition, characteristics, and the relationship with other research fields such as data mining, information retrieval, information extraction, computational linguistics etc. Then, text mining models, text characteristics extracting and intermediate representation forms, and the technology of text mining's classification and realization are presented. Finally, some products of text mining are introduced.


This paper discusses the numerical technique to calculate the three parts of the electromagnetic energy of a pulse perfectly electrically conducting (PEC) radiator with marching-on in time (MOT) scheme.


This article explores how Steve McQueen's acclaimed 2020 pentalogy Small Axe (BBC) appears paradoxically to swerve away from Black British history in the very act of retrieving it. By examining key moments in Mangrove, Red, White and Blue, and Alex Wheatley, it argues that the constant tension between a push toward history and the pull of the aesthetic is the result of McQueen's reformulation of "racial uplift" aesthetics that privileges exceptional acts over collective experience. Yet in striking contrast to his poetic license with history, McQueen presents Black masculinity and male self-expression within standard social and sexual norms. There are, however, more experimental, stylized moments in Small Axe where the historical and the aesthetic come together, notably in the highly physical dancing sequences of Lovers Rock. While not without limitations, such scenes reveal fresh, liberatory forms of Black space and time, and forge transformative and redemptive moments of Black reality.


This chapter is dedicated to an overview of the ways the internal tension model operates to empower the executive branch, simultaneously under law and beyond its confines; the maintenance of the internal tension between the need to grant power and the need to retain a façade of legality, is achieved through practices under which an authorizing rule may present a façade of legality that derives from its binding formal status, while its content or application offer broad options for action (and possible abuse) which conceals a reality of a-legality. Beyond general and philosophical studies of the indeterminacy of law, the scholarship in this context has been conducted under the parallel paths discussed in this chapter (delegation and discretion; 'soft law'; 'fuzzy law'; and 'grey holes'. The second part of the chapter is dedicated to an analysis of thirteen types of such fuzzy/grey legal constructs, organized according to the identity of their generators—the constitution, the legislature, and the executive. The resulting taxonomy of thirteen different forms of fuzziness offers a basis for the next part of this book, dedicated to case-studies of several such fuzzy measures.


AIM To observe the antinociceptive effects of glucosides of Chaenomeles speciosa (GCS) and to study their relative mechanism. METHODS The effects of GCS on nomial and inflammatory animals were observed in mouse acetic acid writhing test, mouse fonnalin test and arthritic flexion test of adjuvant arthritis (AA) rats; the concentration of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) secreted by the synovial cells of AA rats were measured by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS Different doses of GCS (60, 120, 240 mg•kg^(-1) for mice and 30, 60, 120 mgkg1 for rats, ig) inhibited mice's writhing response and second phase of formalin response. It also suppressed the increased arthritic flexion scores in AA rats. On 28 d after inflammation induction, GCS (60, 120 mg•kg^(-1)) decreased the concentration of PGE2 and TNF-α of synovial cells in the AA rats. CONCLUSION GCS have antinociceptive effects, which related to its inhibitory effects on peripheral inflammatory mediators.


As the improvement of people's living standards,the number of elevators of some early built tall buildings can not meet the requirement of daily use,so new added elevators are strongly needed. As the tall height and large floor number of tall elevator steel hoistway,the structural stability problem of this kind of structure is very critical. Based on actual project,the eigen buckling method is carried out for the preliminary analysis of structural stability,effects of lateral restraint,initial structural defect,brace setting of hoistway. Some useful conclusions are obtained in this paper for reference of similar projects.


The goal of this research is to analyze and discuss the origin of Qipao as women's fashionable wear in the early Republic Period (1911-1949). The origin of Qipao fashion will be discussed in three aspects; 1) discussion of the original time, place and consumer group of Qipao fashion; 2) analysis of initial style and wear combination of Qipao, 3) deduction of the origin of the name Qipao. Besides, the analysis will also be given about Qipao's aesthetic characters, its production, consumption guarantee as well as its social backgrounds. The research will be made on the basis of the principles and methods of history, social psychology of clothing and design, and will use many materials especially historical writings and publications to give a more detailed discussion.
Here are some tentative conclusions. Firstly, Qipao as a kind of one-piece dress was not inherited directly from the robe of Banner Style. It was a new fashion in the 1920s, which combined the elements of long vest called Qipao Majia, Wenming Xin Zhuang and the Western dress. Secondly, the Shanghai female students were the pioneering group wearing Qipao in 1925. Thirdly, the gradual acceptance of Qipao was mainly due to its aesthetic characters, production, consumption as well as social backgrounds at that time. And it was the kind of daily wear of many Chinese women after 1927. Fourthly, since Qipao represents the special clothing which integrated Chinese traditional style and the Western fashion in the early Republic Period, Qipao is advised to be taken as a special term to take the place of the previous ones like Mandarin Dress, Ch'ipau and Cheongsam and so on.


The utility model relates to a parallel and series connecting pump which is composed of a pump body which is provided with a water connection inlet and a water connection outlet, wherein a first volute chamber and a second volute chamber are arranged in the pump body in parallel and are respectively provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, the water outlet of the first volute chamber is communicated with the water inlet of the second volute chamber, the water inlet of the first volute chamber is communicated with the water connection inlet of the pump body, and the water outlet of the second volute chamber is communicated with the water connection outlet of the pump body; the water connection inlet and the water connection outlet of the pump body are on the same shaft line; the first volute chamber and the second volute chamber are both perpendicular to the shaft lines of the water connection inlet and the water connection outlet of the pump body, a first rotor is arranged in the first volute chamber, and a second rotor is arranged in the second volute chamber. The utility model is provided with the two volute chambers and the rotors in one pump body in parallel so as to have the same power of two series connection pump machine sets, and meanwhile the utility model has the advantages of volume reduction of a water pump, area occupation reduction and the reduction of installation expense and manufacturing cost.


The number of lenses found in the JVAS survey of flat-spectrum radio sources for gravitational lenses is consistent with statistical models of optical surveys for lensed quasars. The 90% confidence limit on Ω0 in flat cosmological models (Ω0 + λ0 = 1) is approximately 0.15 ≲ Ω0 ≲ 2. Depending on the RLF model, we predict 2.40-3.6 lenses in the JVAS survey and in the first paper part of the fainter CLASS survey and 0.3-:0.6 lenses in the brighter PHFS survey for an Ω0 = 1 model. The uncertainties are because of the small numbers of lenses (there are only 4 compact JVAS lenses) and the uncertainties in the radio luminosity function (RLF) caused by the lack of information on the redshift distribution of 10-300 mJy radio sources. If we force the models to produce the observed number of JVAS lenses, the mean redshift of a 50 mJy source varies from zs = 0.4 for Ω0 = 0, to 1.9 for Ω0 = 1, to almost 4.0 for Ω0 = 2 when Ω0+ λ0 = 1. The source fluxes and redshifts of the lenses in the JVAS and CLASS surveys are consistent with the statistical models. The numbers of four-image lenses found in the JVAS survey and in surveys for lensed quasars are mutually consistent but slightly larger than expected for models using the observed axis ratios of E and S0 galaxies. The best fits to the lens data require a projected axis ratio of b/a = 0.50 with a 90% confidence range of 0.25 < b/a < 0.65.


It is important about energy coupling for the waveguide port. In order to compute its transmission characteristics, an implicit hybridizable discontinuous Galerkin time-domain (imHDGTD) method is proposed to solve the S-parameters. Compared with classical discontinuous Galerkin time domain (DGTD) method, the imHDGTD method has a fewer number of degrees of freedom (DOFs). By using the matrix solving technology, the imHDGTD method can accelerate the iterative solutions of the global linear system when using the implicit time scheme. Since the waveguide excitation source takes the field disappearance in the computational region as the sign of iteration termination, the imHDGTD method can effectively shorten the computational time. What's more, in order to reduce the numerical reflection caused by space truncation, the waveguide port is truncated with the perfectly matched layer (PML) in the imHDGTD method. Some tests show the S-parameters of the imHDGTD method are consistent with the results of DGTD. When the computational region is made up with locally refined meshes, the time step of the imHDGTD is larger than the DGTD method.


Language learners' anxiety would have bad effect on their English learning. Conquering the learning anxiety becomes an urgent task of college English teaching. The formative assessment can strengthen the students' self-esteem and self-confidence. At the same time, the formative assessment could relieve the anxiety and improve language learners' learning capacity and efficiency.


Infusion of pentagastrin (20 μg kg−1 h−1, i.v.) for 10 min evokes protein output but no overt fluid secretion from the parotid gland of the rat, as revealed by increased protein concentration in a subsequent wash‐out flow of saliva in response to a bolus injection of methacholine (5 μg kg−1, i.v.) 10 min later. Using this experimental set‐up, the contribution of nitric oxide (NO) generation to the protein and amylase response evoked by pentagastrin was investigated. Neither the neuronal type NO synthase inhibitor Nω‐propyl‐l‐arginine (N‐PLA; 30 mg kg−1, i.v.) nor the non‐selective NO synthase inhibitor l‐NAME (30 mg kg−1, i.v.) as such affected the methacholine‐evoked volume response or the outputs of protein and amylase. However, when preceeded by the pentagastrin infusion, the expected increases in concentrations of protein (145%) and amylase activity (127%) of the methacholine‐evoked response (compared to a pre‐infusion methacholine response) were reduced to 68 and 74%, respectively, in the presence of N‐PLA, and to 70 and 63%, respectively, in the presence of l‐NAME. Thus, NO generation resulting from the activity of the neuronal type NO synthase, most probably of parenchymal origin, plays an important role in the pentagastrin‐induced protein and amylase secretion of the rat parotid gland.


Objective: This study aims to analyze the effect of comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation management on Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ) score, risk stratification in coronary artery disease (CAD), exercise tolerance and quality of life (QOL) of patients underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: Ninety-three patients who received PCI in our hospital from January 2018 to July 2019 were included as the study objects for retrospective analysis and divided into two groups based on the intervention modes. The control group (n=46) was routinely nursed after the surgery, while the observation group (n=47) received comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation management on the basis of the control group. The two groups were compared for risk stratification in CAD, mental state, exercise tolerance, QOL and SAQ score. Results: (1) As compared with the control group, the observation group demonstrated a higher proportion of low-risk layer to middle-risk layer, and a lower proportion of highrisk layer to extremely high-risk layer (P<0.05). (2) After intervention, the observation group yielded a self-rating depression scale (SDS) score of 4.01±0.08 and a self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) score of 3.89±0.16, both lower than those of the control group which were 7.88±0.16 and 6.98±0.26, respectively (P<0.05). (3) A higher six-minute walk distance (6MWD) was observed in the observation group as compared with the control group (P<0.05). (4) Six months after intervention, the observation group excelled the control group in mental health (MH), role emotional (RE), social function (SF), vitality (VT), general health (GH), body pain (BP), physical role (PR) and physical function (PF), degree of disease cognition, treatment satisfaction, onset of angina pectoris, stabilization of angina pectoris and score of restriction to physical movement in SAQ (P<0.05). Conclusion: Comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation management shall be popularized based on its contributions to the improvement of depression, anxiety, exercise tolerance, body functions and QOL in patients underwent PCI.


Imiquimod is the first drug of a new therapeutic class encompassing cutaneous immune response modifiers. This molecule induces the synthesis and release of macrophage-related cytokines. It boosts some local immune responses. These properties are used to treat cutaneous viral condylomas. Other prospective therapeutic goals are presently scrutinized.


most common variety while tuberculosis verrucosa cutis is really a modified and indolent type of Lupus vulgaris found as warty growth on the fixed skin ol hand, foot or buttock. Most of the. cases can be diagnosed clinically by the characteristic appearance. History of long duration resistant to ordinary line of treatment, absence of gross sepsis and accompanying constitutional symptoms in majority of cases, age incidence, i.e. childhood mainly and site of election, chiefly face, buttock, knee, elbow, hand and foot are very helpful points for diagnosis. The presence of lupus nodule is veiy characteristic which when viewed through a piece of glass pressed firmly on the skin assume apple-jelly colour whilst the surrounding skin is blanched by compression. In doubtful cases final diagnosis is made by histological study which shows proliferation of the epitheloid cells, extravasation of small mononuclear cells and giant cells of tuberculous type. (Sections showing the typical features were placed under microscope.) (1) Two young boys with lesions on the left kneejoints and inguinal regions of the same sides showing lymphatic spread of the disease were demonstrated. The diseases started primarily on the knee-joints and history of local injuries were available in both.


Abstract An annotated checklist of 1016 species of fungi (Ascomycota and Basidiomycota), which have been recorded in 95 different localities, from 1990 to 2015, is presented for Umbria (Italy). The checklist was compiled from records of Umbrian fungi in scientific publications, unpublished lists and personal observations. This work represents the first comprehensive checklist of macrofungi for Umbria. Even if not complete, an exhaustive overview of the current knowledge of the mycobiota of Umbria is presented. Although a large amount of the regional territory has still to be explored for mycological diversity, this study offers an important support in compiling red-lists of endangered macrofungi, as well as to identify indicator species of particular habitats to be considered for wildlife reserves, as is currently done in many European countries.


A new gas treatment plant has been designed as an experimental facility providing the scale-up experience from the test rig to an operating unit as an interim stage before operating routinely. The plant has been specified with a wider design margin than the initial operating mode requires, such that potential future operating modes which are as yet undefined can be accommodated. Only the initial operating conditions and absorption fluid have been defined. Examples of the identified potential changes on the plant include the composition of the feed gas for treatment, the circulating fluid used for gas treatment, the operating temperature and pressure and the dose levels of additives to the system. In addition, the benefit of certain equipment items is to be determined, considering gas treatment effectiveness and energy efficiency. As of the project full set of safety studies including hazard and operability (HAZOP) study and safety integrity level (SIL) assessments using the layer of protection analysis (LOPA) methodology. The where uncertain, defined, is to enable the experimental to be risk assessments. facilitate the flexibility for the trials, but high levels of instrumentation feedback. the instruments to suit the end of the experimental phase of penalising study created a large number of actions as a lot of data was unknown. This lead to a large amount of laboratory work and learning to be built into operating instructions and trial programmes to ensure the data was identified so the actual risk could be quantified and recorded for the future. The plant is also intended as a base design for future plants, which would have defined operating parameters / feed materials, so some of the equipment and instrumentation may not be applicable. This means that some existing data, layers of protection and indeed some potential hazards may not be valid in these future plants. The recording of all assessments needed to clearly indicate all assumptions made, such that the assessments could be reviewed easily and updated to reflect the actual risks once the experimental phase had finished and to support future plant design.


Increasingly the design of chemical detection alarm algorithms to alert Soldiers of danger grows more complex as new threats emerge. These algorithms need to be robust enough to prevent false alarms to interferents and sensitive enough to alarm to the incredibly small doses that could prove lethal. The design of these algorithms have left a plethora of data that can be leveraged and utilized in a variety of machine learning (ML) techniques. ML is a field of computer science that uses a set of programming and statistical techniques to enable computers to "learn" from input data without being explicitly programmed. Presented is an application of ML to change two independent fielded chemical detectors into an orthogonal system to improve detection algorithms. The approach models the data from an ion-mobility spectrometer (IMS) and a photoionization detector containing electrochemical sensors (PIDECS) to train a ML model (MLA). The semi-supervised MLA is trained using a supervised learning data set, composed of partially labeled data from the heterogeneous instruments, and then fine-tuned using an unsupervised learning algorithm. The MLA correctly identifies two chemical species with over-lapping IMS detection windows. ML can be utilized to improve the ability of currently fielded detectors or future devices to accurately label chemical unknowns given the parameters of detection. The techniques discussed here presents a starting point for improving current and future alarm algorithms with ML.


In this paper we discuss the demanding computational needs of robot control and describe a new computer architecture optimized for such problems. Inverse kinematics and dynamics for 6 degrees of freedom arms are often used as benchmarks to measure controller speed. According to current estimates, the new processor we describe can compute both of these problems, using 32 bit fixed-point operations, in less than 250 microseconds. This is an order of magnitude faster than existing state-of-the-art systems. Such benchmarks only measure a smallportion of the true robot control problem. The issues of interpolation, input/output, and multiple axis synchronization must also be addressed. As robotics becomes more advanced, the need for more compatationally intensive control algorithms (hybrid position/force control, sensory-based control, multiple robot cooperation, etc.) will grow. These now computationally-intractable problems must ultimately be computed in real-time. In this paper, we discuss current progress on a flexible (i.e. programmable) system which is fast enough to approach such problems. The system is targetted to support up to 40 synchronized axes, performing advanced control algorithms with an update rate over 1 KHz.


It is of interest to perform experiments that simulate some aspects of the response of a high-level radioactive waste repository to episodic water flows. While exact analogies of the physical situation are impossible to represent in experiments, some physical effects can be examined in unsaturated flows. Of particular concern here is the temperature and humidity conditions achieved within a heated annulus in a porous medium subjected to a transient water flow. A 38.1 mm x 304.8 mm x 304.8 mm (high) block of rigid porous material has been used. This block has a 25.4 mm diameter electrical heater mounted horizontally in a 38.1 mm diameter hole, transversely penetrating the block. Thermocouples and humidity sensors are mounted at various locations within the medium and in the annulus. Results are reported for studied that are initiated after the dry material has reached a steady-state temperature distribution with the heater at a predetermined temperature. One of two fixed amounts of water is poured on the top surface of the porous medium and the effects of the water flow on the thermocouple and humidity sensor readings are reported.