Robert Bresson's career as a filmmaker spanned more than forty years, yet his oeuvre comprises only thirteen films. This relatively small output is due, in some measure, to the austere quality of his films, to his emphasis on form and detail and to his unwillingness to cater to an audience's desire to be entertained. Bresson conceived of his work as quite apart from that of other filmmakers and often stated that his films are neither spectacle nor "filmed theater" but rather a new kind of "ecriture," unrelated to commercial cinema and also, of necessity, radically different from other art forms. In his critical writings and his interviews, he spoke disparagingly of films contaminated by literature and maintained that ideas drawn from reading will always be bookish ideas (Notes 59, 65, 132). Yet, with the exception of Les Anges du peche (1943), Au hasard, Balthazar (1965-66), and Le Diable, probablement (1977), all of Bresson's films are based on pre-existing texts, sometimes historical, but most often literary. The sources of inspiration for his literary adaptations range from the medieval Lancelot poems, to the prose fiction of Diderot, Bemanos, Tolstoy and Dostoevsky. There is a striking faithfulness to diegetic detail and the externals of plot development between Bresson's films and their fictional sources. At the same time, however, this apparent textual servility, as Andre Bazin called it in a frequently quoted article on Bresson's first literary adaptation Les Dames du Bois de Boulogne (1944-45), is undercut by the cinematographic stylization of the formal elements of the film. Bresson's repeated use of pre-existing narrative material seems to derive to a large degree from his overriding interest as an artist with issues of form. The literary text functions as a point of departure, a source of narrative material and an impetus to formal experiment. From this perspective, adaptation became for Bresson a reinterpretation of thematic and structural features of the literary text-an intersemiotic transfer which involves not only transposition but also imitation, citation and commentary. Bresson's relationship to the works of Dostoevsky is complex and revolves around many central issues of text production for the filmmaker. It underscores thematic elements, gives new insight into Bresson's formal concerns and helps clarify his concept of adaptation. Throughout his career, Bresson expressed particular admiration for the work of F. M. Dostoevsky. The two artists' shared preoccupation with issues of evil and sin, with abused and battered women, with a venal and money oriented society have often been commented


We study the coherence of a disordered and interacting quantum light field after propagation along a nonlinear optical fiber. Disorder is generated by a cross-phase modulation with a randomized auxiliary classical light field, while interactions are induced by self-phase modulation. When penetrating the fiber from free space, the incoming quantum light undergoes a disorder and interaction quench. By calculating the coherence function of the transmitted quantum light, we show that the decoherence induced by the quench spreads in a light-cone fashion in the nonequilibrium many-body quantum system, leaving the latter prethermalize with peculiar features originating from disorder.


Abstract : This report specifies loss equations that were developed for the Air Force's Enlisted Force Management System (EFMS) to forecast enlisted losses during a period from one to seven years from the time of the forecast. These loss models provide an improved tool for personnel managers in the Air Force. The cohort models described here--where cohorts are defined based on an airman's position in his career--provide information about how airmen would respond to changes in economic conditions, military pay raises, and bonuses. Developed for the Air Force's Enlisted Force Management System, these models allow forecasts of the behavior of different demographic groups and people in different occupations. Keywords: Enlisted personnel; Air Force personnel; Attrition; Forecasting; Mathematical models. (SDW)


In this paper, we propose a novel coordinated control method based on decoupling servo control to design a 4-DOF direct-drive SCARA robot for wafer handling purpose. As the basis of decoupling servo control, the dynamic model of the SCARA robot is obtained with two methods, the Newton–Euler equation, and Lagrangian equation. The validity of this SCARA dynamic equation is confirmed by these two methods. Due to disturbance and model uncertainty, three PD plus robust controllers are individually applied to three axes of the SCARA robot, together with decoupling control on three physically dynamically highly coupled robotic arms. The inverse dynamics of the SCARA robot is analyzed by feedback linearization, and the experimental results show that above PD plus robust controllers and decoupling control reduce the position tracking error effectively. Performance meets with the high speed and high precision requirements in the wafer handling process. The experimental data shows that the decoupling control algorithm makes the SCARA robot performance improved a lot. The position errors during dynamic tracking movement and the static errors are reduced by 4 to 20 times.


Summary form only given. In the past few years, spatially incoherent solitons have attracted much research interest. One necessary condition to observe the spatially incoherent solitons is that the nonlinearity must be "non-instantaneous", namely, the nonlinear response of medium is slow enough that it cannot respond to the relatively rapid local intensity fluctuation of the optical beam. The medium only "see" the time-averaged light intensity in the order of the material response time, generating a spatially smooth and temporally constant waveguide that can accommodate all the constitutive modes of the soliton beam. How fast the local intensity should fluctuate to make the nonlinearity of the medium look "non-instantaneous" in order to form incoherent solitons? To target such problems for the first time and to clearly observe the dynamic soliton behavior, we study experimentally with the bicomponent solitons in a slow-responding photorefractive SrBaNb/sub 2/O/sub 6/ (SBN) crystal, which belong to the least complex category of the spatially partially incoherent solitons.


The productive forces have reached the highest point they can reach under capitalism; the masses tend to become more and more revolutionary, but are held back by opportunist leadership; capitalism being in permanent crisis, it can no longer be a question of any rise in the standard of living of the masses. This is the diagnosis of the first three chapters of this programme which lead to the conclusion that from now on, for the whole era of the decline of capitalism, the role of the Marxists is to present to the masses a transitional programme.


The infrared continuous zoom optical system can realize the continuous change of focal distance in a certain range and keep the image surface stable and clear in the whole process of field of view change. Further integration and coordination of optical and mechanical design are required as infrared thermal imaging systems are increasingly used in high-precision applications of military and civil fields. However, the mid-wave infrared zoom system contain a large number of mirrors, a complex mechanism and higher design difficulty compared with other types of infrared zoom system. This paper introduced a mid-wave infrared zoom system, considering the design of optics and structures as well as the simplicity of assembly and adjustment. A stable and reliable small-F-number zoom infrared camera system which can meet the constraint condition was designed aiming at the key indicators such as imaging quality, optical axis shaking and adjusting operation. The operating wavelength band of the system was from 3.7 μm to 4.8 μm, the focal length was 30mm to 300mm, and the medium-wave refrigeration focal plane detector of pixels of 1024×768 was adopted. The optical imaging performance was close to diffraction limit, besides, image plane had a high consistency during the whole zooming process.


In thispaper,a novelmethodusingwavelet decomposition and2DPrincipal component analysis (2DPCA) forpalmprint recognition ispresented. Firstly, 2D wavelet transform isadoptedtoobtaindifferent levelofwavelet coefficients oftheoriginal palmprint image; secondly 2DPCA is appliedon the low-frequency thatcontains most discrimination information oftheoriginal palmprint image. One criterion thatnotallPCs areuseful forpalmprint recognition isdemonstrated andaruleforselecting 2DPCsis proposed. Lastly, thisalgorithm istested on thePolyU palmprint imagedatabase andtheexperimental result is encouraging and achieves comparatively highrecognition accuracy andmorecomputationally efficient thanusing other feature extraction techniques suchasprincipal component analysis andindependent component analysis.


Hierarchical segmentation is discussed as a form of region growing in which the sequence of merges is controlled by a "best merge first" principle, and a record of the region merging sequence is often retained for later analysis. In our massively parallel implementation of hierarchical segmentation, which we call Iterative Parallel Region Growing (IPRG), a set of directional edge maps are used to store the region merging sequence information. These directional edge maps can be easily combined, manipulated and displayed to show the image segmentation that existed at any iteration of the IPRG algorithm. This is not sufficient, however, to fully explore the hierarchical segmentation produced by the IPRG algorithm. This paper discusses an interactive tool that allows an analyst to fully explore a hierarchical segmentation, potentially producing an image segmentation that is a combination of segmentations produced at several different iterations of the IPRG algorithm. We then go on to briefly discuss a potential method for automatically producing such segmentations.


The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between board diversity, financial performance and disclosure of corporate social responsibility (CSR) information of the Malaysian listed companies. Different from prior literature, board diversity is viewed from the perspective of gender, age, tenure, educational level, professional membership and functional background. We used one explanation i.e. diversity as variety, out of three explanations from a typology in social psychological and organizational management fields. The sample consists of 205 companies listed on Bursa Malaysia. Using regression analysis, a significant positive relationship was noted between the functional backgrounds of directors and the companies' financial performance. The result shows that boards should have diversity in their functional background. The other forms of board diversity such as gender, age, tenure, educational level and professional membership have been found not to influence companies' financial performance. Board professional membership diversity was found to significantly increase the CSR information disclosure. However, other forms of board diversity were found not to influence the CSR information disclosure. These findings may suggest that corporate boards should have diversity in their functional background and professional membership in order to enhance companies' financial performance and CSR information disclosure.


Data processing techniques have been applied at Monsanto' s Information Center for several reasons: (1) To lower operating costs, (2) To meet future growth requirements with minimum staff and budget, (3) To provide multiple copies of catalogs and other records for distribution to library users, (4) To use a systems approach in improving operations, and (5) To provide greater accuracy in all records. The computer-produced book catalog of the Center illustrates many of these points. for producing the catalog via unit record (punched card) machines. And the catalog had proven itself to be a completely satisfactory index to the book collection. What were Monsanto's problems? They were the inconveniences or weaknesses which are present in most unit record systems, as compared with computer systems, such as: A. Large numbers of punched cards were handled, sorted, or filed. B. While most of the sorting was done by machines, some hand filing was necessary. C. Revisions to the punched card deck were time-consuming. The cards under each entry (authors, title, subjects) had to be removed from the file, revised, and replaced for any change in the body of an entry (a new edition for instance) .


The yew tree ( Taxus baccata ) is an ancient species in the world that has both toxic and medicinal properties. Identifying the chemical components of different parts of this tree can be useful in the better understanding of the toxicity and medicinal effect of this plant. Therefore, the chemical composition of water: methanol extracts of T. baccata L. leaf and male cones obtained from endemic species of Iran were characterized using GC-MS analysis. Twenty two components were identified for leaves including oleic acid (20.87%) and octadeca-9,12-dien-1-ol (17.77%) as the most abundant components, and seventeen components were identified for male cones which were 3-O-methyl-d-glucose (64.00%) and oleic acid (13.32%) as the most abundant components. Furthermore, the potential applications of some of the characterized components are discussed into the depths.


ABSTRACT Style emerged into discursive prominence in nineteenth century Europe at the same time as the classical symptoms of hysteria were given new impetus by neurologists and psychoanalysts. Later, when the Post-War architecture of late capitalism seemed to spell the end of style, 'in the sense of the unique and the personal, the end of the individual brushstroke' (Fredric Jameson), hysteria started to disappear as a psychiatric diagnosis. To explore how style's structural affinity with hysteria remains current, even as the professionalisation of the Humanities ensures it is disavowed, this essay redeploys D. W. Winnicott's idea of 'transitional phenomena'. I describe the hysterical predicament of the Humanities scholar who is unable to make or find an object of knowledge sufficient to end the distress of their interests. The second part of the essay demonstrates how autobiographic fictions foreground the hysteria of style. Here I place Brigid Brophy, writing in the 1960s and 1970s, and Ben Lerner, writing in the first decades of this millennium, in genealogical relation. I observe how the historical swing from 1970s 'metafiction' to contemporary 'autofiction' registers the interminable predicament of style. Style displaces the object of literary study and preserves its vulnerability through a structure of communicative reticence.


The separation of boundary layer occurs periodically near a breaking point when incident waves climbing up a sloping bed are about to break. Not the breaker but the separation forms an unsteady coherent eddy, which suspends a large amount of bed material. A row of steady vortices has been found along the water surface of an offshore zone. Its formation is due to the shear instability between shoreward steady flow induced near the bed and offshore steady flow near the water surface. Moving in the offshore direction, the steady vortices repeat amalgamation each other and increase their intervals at the order of mean water depth. They decay after reaching to the region where the shear rate is not enough between the two steady flows. This shear instability may be excited by the periodic separation of b oundary 1aye r.


The authors test the promoting and activating behavior of the hydrides of zirconium, titanium, and hafnium on the catalytic properties of nickel and cobalt catalysts in this investigation into the heterogeneous catalytic gasification of coal to methane using graphite as an experimental material.Hydrogasification was carried out at 1000 degrees K. The methane formation rate was determined in terms of the number of millimoles of methane formed per second per gram of graphite.


Simple Summary Tumors need a continuous supply of oxygen and nutrients to sustain growth. One coping mechanism is to secret factors that promote the development of new blood vessels. However, this may not be sufficient for the growth of highly aggressive tumors. Vasculogenic mimicry is another coping mechanism whereby cancer cells form vascular-like structures capable of carrying blood and nutrients. Expression of nuclear FOXC2 has been associated with aggressiveness and advanced stage in most cancers, including ovarian cancer. We confirmed most of the known mechanisms by which FOXC2 promotes cancer aggressiveness. Additionally, we found evidence that FOXC2 expression is associated with vasculogenic mimicry in ovarian cancer samples and that FOXC2 overexpression promotes vasculogenic mimicry in cell culture. Abstract FOXC2 is a forkhead family transcription factor that plays a critical role in specifying mesenchymal cell fate during embryogenesis. FOXC2 expression is associated with increased metastasis and poor survival in various solid malignancies. Using in vitro and in vivo assays in mouse ovarian cancer cell lines, we confirmed the previously reported mechanisms by which FOXC2 could promote cancer growth, metastasis, and drug resistance, including epithelial-mesenchymal transition, stem cell-like differentiation, and resistance to anoikis. In addition, we showed that FOXC2 expression is associated with vasculogenic mimicry in mouse and human ovarian cancers. FOXC2 overexpression increased the ability of human ovarian cancer cells to form vascular-like structures in vitro, while inhibition of FOXC2 had the opposite effect. Thus, we present a novel mechanism by which FOXC2 might contribute to cancer aggressiveness and poor patient survival.


Research is summarized on optimal trajectories for the aeroassisted flight experiment, performed by the Aero-Astronautics Group of Rice University during the period 1988 through 1989. This research includes the following topics: (1) equations of motion in an Earth-fixed system; (2) equations of motion in an inertial system; (3) formultion of the optimal trajectory problem; (4) results on the optimal trajectory problem; and (5) guidance implications.


As a technology that makes power transfer more flexible, wireless power transfer (WPT) technology has become a hot research topic in recent years. However, most of the existing studies are based on a DC–DC WPT system. If applied to AC loads, the traditional system usually contains multiple energy conversion stages, which lead to a low transmission efficiency and therefore higher costs. Besides, the necessary large electrolytic capacitors make the system unreliable and bulky. The goal of this study is to design a reliable and efficient WPT system featuring constant current (CC) and constant voltage (CV) output for AC loads. In this work, an inductor–capacitor–capacitor series (LCC–S) enveloped modulation wireless power transfer (EM–WPT) system is proposed. The design of the proposed system is elaborated in this paper, including the working principle of the system's power converters, the relationship between CC/CV output characteristics and the input current, and the control strategy of CC/CV output based on an AC–AC boost converter. Lastly, an experimental prototype is configured to verify the CC/CV characteristics. The measured overall efficiency of the system reaches 91% and the power factor of input power supply approaches 1.


Compressive behavior of closed cell aluminum (Al) alloy (Al-Si-Ca and Al-Si-Cu-Mg) foams having an isotropic material property was investigated by finite element (FE) analysis of a multiple lattice finite element model composed of cruciform and hemispherical sections. Different wall thickness for the hemisphere and the cruciform sections were considered in the model on the basis of micro structural examination of real foam. The simulation for Al-Si-Ca foam being ductile showed a good agreement with the experiment in the entire deformation range. However Al-Si-Ca-Mg foam being brittle in nature showed less resistance to the large deformation compared to the simulation.


Convex hull is a basic topic in computational geometry and has been widely applied in practical engineering.Traditional convex hull generation algorithm generally requires two steps: ranking scattered points according to some properties and then generating convex hull.An algorithm named "one-step" for constructing convex hull from plane points is proposed based on the quick-sorting idea.This algorithm combines constructing convex hull from planar point set with the sorting process to quickly generate convex hull.The time complexity of the algorithm reaches minimum O(nlogn).The algorithm is applied to the "Management Information System of Flood Area in Hebei Province" with a good result.


A preceding investigation on the effect of acute hypermagnesaemia on the course of the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in healthy subjects showed a retardation of glucose clearance from the blood stream, while no changes of immunoreactive insulin (IRI) were ob served (Žofková, Nedvídková, Zamrazil and Šimečková 1987). Now we investigated the effect of hypermagnesaemia on glucose assimila tion and IRI levels in the course of the intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT).


Control of the radial alpha particle transport by using Ion Cyclotron Range of Frequency waves is investigated in a large-aspect-ratio tokamak geometry. It is shown that spatially inhomogeneous ICRF-wave energy with properly selected frequencies and wave numbers can induce fast convective transport of alpha particles at the speed of order {upsilon}{sub alpha} {approximately} (P{sub RF}/n{sub {alpha}}{epsilon}{sub 0}) {rho}{sub p}, where P{sub RF} is the ICRF-wave power density, n{sub {alpha}} is the alpha density, {epsilon}{sub 0} is the alpha birth energy, and {rho}{sub p} is the poloidal gyroradius of alpha particles at the birth energy. Application to ITER plasmas is studied and possible antenna designs to control alpha particle flux are discussed. 8 refs., 3 figs.


Crystals of pyr id in ium reineckate, C 5 H 5 X H • [Cr(XCS)4(XH3)2], are monoclinic wi th space group A2¡a. The uni t cell has dimensions a = 15.52 A, b = 7.64 A, c = 14.64 Α, β = 102,4°, and contains four formula uni ts . The s t ruc ture was determined by the use of two-dimensional F O U I I I E R syntheses. The chromium a tom of the reineckatc radical is a t a center of symmetry. The pyr idinium ion, which lies on the two-fold axis, is sur rounded by twelve sulfur atoms. F o u r of the sulfur a toms coordinate to the pyr id in ium ni trogen, with two distances of 3.36 A and two of 3.60 A. Mean values of bond lengths in the reineckate ion are Cr — Ν, 1 . 9 5 A ; Χ — C, 1.15 A ; C — S, 1.76 A. Distances within the pyr id in ium ion are C — C, 1.40 A ; C — X, 1.35 A. The X-ray crysta l lography of a few other organic-base reineckates is reported. Introduction One of us has proposed a method of crystal "engineering", by means of which organic ions can be precipitated in structures readily amenable to X-ray analysis· . The method involves crystallization of 1 R. PEPINSKY, Crystal engineering: a new concept in crysta l lography. Physic. Rev. 100 (1955) 971. 2 R. PEPINSKY, Xrays and the absolute configuration of optically ac t ive molecules. Record Chem. Progress 17 (1956) 145. 3 0 Y . TAKEUCHI a n d R . PKPINSKY the organic ions with large complex ions, with the result t ha t the ionic packing is dominated by the complex ions, with the organic ions fitting into spaces between these. The present paper is the first in a series of reports of analyses of such "engineered" crystals. I t concerns the crj 'stal s tructure of pyridine reineckate , C 5 H 5 NH | Cr(NCS)4(NH3)2]. The structure of pyridine has been examined by electron diffraction by S C H O M A K E R and P A U L I N G . No structural s tudy has been reported of the molecule in the crystalline state. The configuration of the reineckate complex ion, [Cr(NCS)4(NH3)2]~, has been found in the analysis of 2 R E I N E C K E ' S salt, NH4[Cr(NCS)4(NH3)2] · H 2 0 , by S A I T O , T A K E U C H I a n d P E P I N S K Y 5 . Pyridinium reineckate was prepared according to the method of C H R I S T E N S E N 6 . A solution of pyridinium hydrochloride in water was added to a stoichiometric quant i ty of R E I N E C K E ' S salt in solution. The light-red precipitate was filtered and washed with cold water. The precipitate was then dissolved in boiling absolute ethyl alcohol. Welldeveloped crystals appeared on cooling. These were found to be twinned on the (101) plane. I t was possible to separate twin individuals, however, and to use these for the X-ray s tudy. Determination of unit cell and spacc group Rotat ion and W E I S S E N B E R G pa t terns were obtained with CuZCa radiation. Rotat ion photographs, taken about the long direction of an individual separated f rom a twin crystal, revealed this direction to be a monoclinic b axis. W E I S S E N B E R G photographs about this axis gave the constants a = 1 5 . 5 2 ± 0 . 0 5 Λ , a:b:c = 2 . 0 3 1 0 : 1 : 1 . 9 1 0 2 , b = 7 . 6 4 ± 0 . 0 2 Α , β = 1 0 2 . 4 ° . C = 1 4 . 6 4 ± 0 . 0 4 Â , For these cell measurements the crystals were mounted on pure aluminum rods, and the aluminum powder lines were used for calibration. 3 Y. TAKEUCHI and R . PEPINSKY, The crystal structure of pyridine reineckate. Program and Abstracts, 13th Pitts. Diffr. Conf. (1955) p. 24. 4 V. SCHOMAKER and L. PAULING, The electron diffraction investigation of the structure of benzene, pyridine, pyrazine, butadiene-1,3, cyclopentadiene, furan, pyrrole, and thiophene. J . Amer. Chcm. Soc. 61 (1939) 1769. 5 Y . SAITO, Y . TAKEUCHI and R . PEPINSKY, The crystal structure of ammonium reineckate. Z. Kristallogr. 106 (1955) 476. 6 Ο. T. CHRISTENSEN, Pyridin-AYasserstoff-Diaminchromrhodanid, C5H5N · HSCN · Cr2NH3 (SCX)3. J . prakt , Chem. N. F. 45 (1892) 364. The Crystal Structure of Pvridinium Kcineckatc 31 There are four molecules of C 5H 5NH[Cr(NCS) 4(NH 3) 2] per cell, the measured specific grav i ty being 1.5(50 — 2 gm/cc (calculated = 1.Ô6 gm/cc). F rom missing reflections (hkf) «l ien k -f / is odd. and (hOI) when h is odd. the space group was established as V\h — A 2/«. Structure analysis A complete set of equi-inclination W E T S S E X B E R G pho tographs was taken about t he ό-axis, for in tensi ty es t imat ion. The cross section of the crystal used was roughly square, and small enough so t h a t differences in Cu Α'α absorpt ion for different planes were no t large enough to be significant. Intensi t ies were es t imated visually by t he mult iple film technique, using an intensi ty scale prepared f rom a reflection of the same crystal . Four-fold positions of the space group C ^ a r e centers of s y m m e t r y and two-fold axes. Since the pyr idinium ion has no center of symmet ry , i t is very likely t h a t the ion is located on the two-fold axis, a n d chromium atoms are on symmet ry centers. The (206) reflection is ou ts tandingly strong, suggesting a concentra t ion of a toms in a p lane parallel to (103). The b axis length is 7.64 A, and it was expected t h a t i m p o r t a n t features of t he s t ruc ture would be revealed in a projec t ion along this axis. Accordingly, a P A T T E R S O N project ion was prepared f rom the \Flkol)\* values. Peaks wi th in 5 A of the origin of this project ion are readily interpretable , since these are due chiefly to in tera tomic vectors in the reineckate ion. I n par t icular , the heaviest peaks in this area mus t represent vectors between chromium and sulfur a toms. Since chromium occupies t he center of a square formed of four sulfurs, if we choose peak Β in Fig. 1 as one representing a Cr — S interact ion, possible Cr — S peaks f rom ad jacen t sulfurs of the same complex are A or A'. A first electron densi ty project ion was computed on X-RAC, using signs of F (hOl) calculated f rom chromium and sulfur a toms a t A and Β positions (A and A ' are equivalent , for this phase determination). For this sign calculation, reflections for which t he to ta l contribution of chromium and sulfur is very small were omi t ted . This procedure determined the ma jo r i ty of F(h0l) signs; and, as shown in Fig. 2, the project ion roughly revealed t he pyr id in ium ion on the two-fold axis, and also the ni t rogen and carbon a toms of the reineckate group. With almost all a tomic positions revealed in the first F O U R I K R projection, coordinates were assigned for an S-FAC s t ruc ture fac tor computation, a F O U R I E R synthesis was computed, and measured T h e Crys t a l S t r u c t u r e of P y r i d i n i u m R e i n e c k a t e 33 F (hOl) values were successively placed on an absolute scale by multiplying them by a factor which gave best agreement with calculated values. The temperature coefficient Β was found to be 2.4 · 10 cm. An extinction correction was made, using the relation


A review and a comprehensive analysis was made of the research and application of the preventing and cleaning fouling technologies of multiphase flow of heat transfer equipment, some key problems to be solved at present were proposed for further research.


Since the discovery of regulatory T cells (Tregs) as crucial regulators of immune tolerance against self-antigens, these cells have become a promising tool for the induction of donor-specific tolerance in transplantation medicine. The therapeutic potential of increasing in vivoTreg numbers for a favorable Treg to Teff cell ratio has already been demonstrated in several sophisticated pre-clinical models and clinical pilot trials. In addition to improving cell quantity, enhancing Treg function utilizing engineering techniques led to encouraging results in models of autoimmunity and transplantation. Here we aim to discuss the most promising approaches for Treg-enhancing therapies, starting with adoptive transfer approaches and ex vivoexpansion cultures (polyclonal vs. antigen specific), followed by selective in vivostimulation methods. Furthermore, we address next generation concepts for Treg function enhancement (CARs, TRUCKs, BARs) as well as the advantages and caveats inherit to each approach. Finally, this review will discuss the clinical experience with Treg therapy in ongoing and already published clinical trials; however, data on long-term results and efficacy are still very limited and many questions that might complicate clinical translation remain open. Here, we discuss the hurdles for clinical translation and elaborate on current Treg-based therapeutic options as well as their potencies for improving long-term graft survival in transplantation.


On many Navajo Sandstone outcrops in southern Utah, steep, decimetre‐high scarps (downslope‐facing margins of rock sheets) interrupt smooth slopes covered by crustose lichens. Scarps form where sheeting joints and water emerge at the land surface. Weathering at scarp faces causes upslope backwasting of rock sheets and leaves behind smooth, unweathered rock surfaces that become stabilized by lichens. We hypothesize that subsurface, low‐angle, open fractures in porous and permeable rocks are barriers to downward flux of water through the vadose zone. Runoff and lateral flow through the uppermost rock sheets deliver water to scarps, inducing backwasting. Monitoring of temperature and water/ice content within two surficial rock sheets revealed that, in the winter of 2020–2021, snowmelt that entered lichen‐covered surfaces persisted for 64 days and underwent 46 freeze/thaw cycles. Water gained from summer rains remained for a maximum of 11 days. Flaking rock and dangling lichen crusts that overhang scarps indicate backwasting is now active. We conclude that freeze/thaw cycles (rather than salt precipitation) drive backwasting at our study sites, all of which are located more than 1400 m above sea level where the climate is relatively cool, and snowfalls are frequent. Backwasting would likely be more rapid and extensive under a cooler, wetter (periglacial) climate. Although broad, gently sloping, lichen‐covered rock sheets dominate the land surface, they are not downwasting; weathering is instead restricted to the near‐vertical, lichen‐free, backwasting scarps.


ViscoSolve is a stable unstructured finite volume method for parallel large-scale viscoelastic fluid flow calculations. The code incorporates the open-source libraries PETSc and MPI for parallel computation. In this whitepaper we report work that was done to investigate scaling the performance of the ViscoSolve code.


Smaller prostates have been linked to unfavorable clinical characteristics and poor short‐term outcomes following radical prostatectomy (RP). We examined the relation between prostate weight at RP and prostate cancer (PC) outcomes post‐RP.


Iris type waveguide to cavity couplers are used to couple power to particle accelerator cavities. Waveguide to cavity coupling for arbitrarily oriented rectangular iris is analyzed using Bethe's small hole coupling theory. Magnetic moment of rotated iris is obtained by deflning its dyadic magnetic polarizability. Power radiated by magnetic moment into the incoming waveguide is used for coupling calculations at arbitrary angle. A close agreement is found between the proposed theory, simulations and microwave measurements.


EDITOR, - The response of the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists to questions on the safety of water birth and the resulting widespread publicity generated last year, raise issues that should concern all health care professionals.

Water birth is a new technique that needs to be properly tested for effectiveness, efficiency, and safety. Although some obstetric interventions in the past were introduced without evaluation, the introduction of water birth has been cautious and well documented, and the technique is currently …


A flash hydrogasification is of particular interest because it produces methane in a single stage reaction with high efficiency and simultaneously produces aromatic liquids as by-products. This paper describes the flash hydrogasification process proposed by Rockwell International Corporation. The flash hydrogasifier was developed by the application of Rockwell's rocket engine technologies. Using the hydrogasifier, a pulverized coal can be readily gasified with high temperature hydrogen jets to produce methane and benzene. A number of gasification tests were carried out to investigate the hydrogasifier performance in the Advancement of Flash Hydrogasification Program by Rockwell International and the industrial consortium. On the basis of the results, the thermal efficiency of the flash hydrogasification process was estimated at 74%.The flash hydrogasification will be the key technology and take an important rolein the utilization of coal in the future.


Review of 1975 situation: public awareness, economic situation, altered sense of private property, broadened concept of the monument, lack of funds, personnel and organization. Major causes of loss: road building, speculation, decay, poor restoration. Future prospects and recommendations for study and publication.


In recent years, multiple pregnancy rates have increased significantly. Twin pregnancy rate increased by 76% between 1980 and 2009, from 18.9 to 33.3 in 1000 births. Triplets and high-order multiple pregnancies have increased by 400% in the 1980s and 1990s. Two main reasons of this increase in the incidence of multiple pregnancies are: (1) maternal age at the time of conception, shifting to advanced ages where multiple pregnancies are more common and (2) a more common use of assisted reproductive techniques. The main problem in multiple pregnancies is spontaneous preterm delivery and associated neonatal morbidity and mortality. Although numerous attempts have been made to prolong the gestation period and improve outcomes, none of them have been effective. In this article, the complications encountered in multiple pregnancies will be summarized and evidence-based approaches that can be used in their management will be reported.


Green village construction are developing spontaneous by new countryside construction test that aimed at green and beautiful villages.The results showed some villages features were taken an entirely new features after new village construction test.Culture degree is increased.It is promoted for other villages green construction.And some resolve problems measures were suggested during new countryside construction.


Objective:To study the epidemiology,manifestation,diagnosis and treatment of primary tracheobronchial and pulmonary amyloidosis.Methods:The clinical features of 2 cases of primary tracheobronchial amyloidosis were summarized,and the analysis was performed by reviewing the literature.Micowave,prednisone and alkeran were adopted in the treatment.Results:The most common symptoms of primary tracheobronchial and pulmonary amyloidosis were cough,sputum,dyspnea and emptysis.Biopsy's specimens showed that Congo red stain was all positive.One patient improved markedly and the other went to another hospital.Conclusions:Primary tracheobronchial and pulmonary amyloidosis is rarely seen in clinic and its diagnosis relies on pathology.No specific management has been found up till now.


We present U and B galaxy differential number counts from a field of ~900 arcmin2, based on GOYA Survey imaging of the HST Groth-Westphal strip. Source detection efficiency corrections as a function of the object size have been applied. A variation of the half-exposure image method has been devised to identify and remove spurious detections. Achieved 50% detection efficiencies are 24.8 mag in U and 25.5 mag in B in the Vega system. Number count slopes are d log N/dm = 0.50 ± 0.02 for B = 21.0-24.5 and d log N/dm = 0.48 ± 0.03 for U = 21.0-24.0. Simple number count models are presented that simultaneously reproduce the counts over 15 mag in U and B and over 10 mag in Ks, using a Λ-dominated cosmology and SDSS local luminosity functions. Only by setting a recent zf ~ 1.5 formation redshift for early-type, red galaxies do the models reproduce the change of slope observed at Ks = 17.5 in NIR counts. A moderate optical depth (τB = 0.6) for all galaxy types ensures that the recent formation for elliptical galaxies does not leave a signature in the U or B number counts, which are featureless at intermediate magnitudes. No ad hoc disappearing populations are needed to explain the counts if number evolution is introduced using an observationally based z evolution of the merger fraction.


The purpose of this paper is to use digital holographic imaging to capture the hologram of the underwater particles. Digital holography includes two steps: wavefront recording and wavefront reconstruction. In the experiments of the underwater particles, some technique issues, such as the principle of digital holography, zero-order item suppressing and reconstruction algorithm are discussed. The complex amplitude of the underwater particles is reconstructed using numerical methods based on the Kirchhoff-Fresnel integral formula. In this case, it enables reconstruction of the object wavefield in a plane at a distance d from hologram. This novel method for imaging the underwater particles using digital holography is an extremely valuable technique for the study of underwater particles fields as it has many advantages such as large depth of field, no focusing, high resolution and has the ability to record the wavefront information of all particles in the entire volume. Finally, this paper demonstrates it is possible for digital holographic imaging setup with less complexity to image underwater particles according to our laboratory results.


We review a series of studies whose focus is the measurement and comparison of values espoused by organisations in their public documents, in particular their annual reports. We begin by considering the construct of organizational values and the advantages and assumptions involved in using content-analysis of organizational documents to measure espoused values. Three interrelated studies of espoused organisational values are then described. The first of these investigates the value profiles of a sample of large Australian companies in order to test the validity of a previously developed typology of organisational values derived from distributive and procedural justice theory (Kabanoff, 1991). Changes in organisational values over time for the same group of companies are then considered. This study illustrates that how one studies value change, either in a univariate way by comparing single values over time or by comparing the incidence of different organisational 'types', that is organisational with different types of value profiles, significantly influences the results and interpretations of changes over time. The final study is a cross-national comparison involving Australian and US organisations that reveals several meaningful differences between the countries in the incidence of organisations with different value profiles. We conclude with a brief discussion of future planned research using the same methodology and focusing on the role of espoused values in organisational mergers and acquisitions.


Changeability of manufacturing systems is an important enabler for offering large variety of competitive products to satisfy customers' requirements. Learn ing factories, as teaching and research environments, can play a key role in developing new solutions for changeability, transferring them to the industry and using them in educating engineers. The results of a survey of existing learning factories and their characteristics are presented. Their use in research, teaching and industrial projects is analyzed. A novel scheme to classify those systems with regard to their design, products and their changeability characteristics is outlined. Conclusions about the future of learning factories are drawn. peer-review under responsibility of


The International Committee for the Improvement of Sericulture in China is an important institution for improving sericulture in China during the period of the Republic of China.It had improved sericulture in Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces before the Anti-Japanese War.It had set silkworm egg stations,developped improved silkworm egg industry,created sericulture guidance institutions,established sericultural schools,and rectified private silkworm egg stations,which had achieved some results.But because of its own some limitations,it had not realized its original intention for improving sericulture in Jiangsu and Zhejiang Province.


Nowadays, initial training courses for lecturers are widespread in universities. However, there are not enough researchpapers that analyze their impact and effectiveness. This paper focuses on the Universidad Polite cnica de Madrid's case. Inorder to assess if the teaching training received takes effect in the lecturers' daily work, the study has collected data about198 participants that have finished the Initial Training for University Teaching program. 115 of them answered a survey(adapted from Freixas et al.) analyzing the factors of their training transference. Participants acknowledged the learningvalue obtained during the program, indicating that they have implemented it in their own teaching practice. They perceivetheir students' interest, who encourage them to introduce the methodological innovations learnt during their training. Onthe other hand, they do not perceive support from their departments. They detect lack of support (within the degrees anddepartments) as well as the lack of provided resources as the main barriers. The weight of tradition on how lecturers faceteaching is relevant, restricting the possibilities for changes. Results show very limited institutional recognition to the effortinvested in their own training. Nevertheless, participants keep optimistic expectations about the positive assessment of thereceived training for their teaching career.Keywords:engineer education; initial training; transfer of teacher training


ZrO2 thin films have a wide range of applications ranging from photonics, antireflection coatings, and resistive oxygen gas sensors, as a gate dielectric and in high temperature fuel cells. We have used the deposition of zirconyl stearate monolayers followed by their oxidation as a method for the synthesis of zirconium oxide thin films. The zirconyl stearate films have been studied and deposited for first time to the best of our knowledge. The Langmuir monolayers are studied using pressure-Area (π-A) isotherms and oscillatory barrier method. The morphology of the films for limited number of layers was studied with FE-SEM to determine the effect of pH on the final ZrO2 film. The 200 layer deposition films show pure monoclinic phase. The films have a band gap ∼6.0eV with a strong PL emission peak is at 490 nm and a weak peak is at 423 nm. So the films formed by this deposition method are suitable for luminescent applicationsZrO2 thin films have a wide range of applications ranging from photonics, antireflection coatings, and resistive oxygen gas sensors, as a gate dielectric and in high temperature fuel cells. We have used the deposition of zirconyl stearate monolayers followed by their oxidation as a method for the synthesis of zirconium oxide thin films. The zirconyl stearate films have been studied and deposited for first time to the best of our knowledge. The Langmuir monolayers are studied using pressure-Area (π-A) isotherms and oscillatory barrier method. The morphology of the films for limited number of layers was studied with FE-SEM to determine the effect of pH on the final ZrO2 film. The 200 layer deposition films show pure monoclinic phase. The films have a band gap ∼6.0eV with a strong PL emission peak is at 490 nm and a weak peak is at 423 nm. So the films formed by this deposition method are suitable for luminescent applications


RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES
Our purpose was to investigate a "blood pool" contrast agent for abdominal and thoracic MR angiography by comparison with standard ionic and nonionic gadolinium-based contrast agents, which redistribute into the extracellular fluid compartment.

METHODS
Abdominal and thoracic MR angiography was performed in three adult dogs using a three-dimensional spoiled gradient echo pulse sequence before and after intravenous administration of one of three gadolinium-based contrast agents (gadopentetate dimeglumine, gadobutrol, and gadomer-17). Each compound was tested at five different doses in all three dogs. Quantitative analysis of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was performed in the aorta, inferior vena cava (IVC), liver, spleen, kidney (medulla and cortex), fat, and muscle.

RESULTS
Gadomer-17 improved visualization of vascular anatomy at doses of 0.025, 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2 mmol/kg with three-fold greater aorta SNR during the arterial phase and more than four-fold greater aorta and IVC SNR during the equilibrium phase, in comparison with gadopentetate dimeglumine and gadobutrol at equal doses.

CONCLUSIONS
Gadomer-17 is a promising contrast agent for both arterial phase and equilibrium phase MR angiography.


In Jasmine, the conceptual understanding of Bharati Mukherjee's protagonist Jyoti is often caught between two worlds and cultures. This is the story of a simple Indian village girl Jyoti's journey from India to America. During her journey, her transformation and feminist role are significant to understand the cultural changes in her life. This article analyses Mukherjee's Jasmine with the diasporic postcolonial theoretical framework. This article explores Jyoti's struggles, assimilation and accommodation in the Third Space with scholars like Bhabha, Lin and Schwartz et al. The postcolonial concepts like a Third Space, identity transformation and acculturation process create a space to explore Jasmine's journey. To conclude, her efforts to assimilate and identity construction attracts us to explore diasporic space in women's life. This research finds a potential scope to explore the cross-cultural psychology of the female character in the novel to (re)present the diasporic journey from India to America. This research finds that Jasmine's role as a diasporic figure creates a Third Space and acculturation.


Abstract
 Within Africa, this species has been reported to have spread into Western Cape Province, South Africa, where it feeds on introduced ornamental Phoenix palms. It is also suspected to be alien in Eritrea, where it feeds primarily on ornamental P. canariensis, but also on date palm, P. dactylifera. It has not spread to other parts of the tropics, but if it did, it could be a significant pest of ornamental Phoenix palms, and perhaps also date palms.


We explore the possibility of modulating the electronic band edges of the transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) via alloying of different semiconductors within the same group (intragroup alloying). The stability of the ordered alloys is assessed from the calculated mixing enthalpy, which is found to be negative for several alloys and below 20 meV/atom for all of the alloys. We explore to what extent the electronic properties like the band gap and band edge positions of the alloy can be evaluated by taking the weighted average of the corresponding properties of the pristine systems. In general, this approach works well with the only exception being Cr-containing compounds. Because the calculated properties of the alloys are very similar to the weighted averages, we expect that the trends observed for the ordered alloys will also hold for more realistic disordered alloys.


Background: In Bangladesh, the poultry industry contributes a significant role in the food sector. A vast amount of antibiotic is used as prophylaxis and growth promotion factors in farms. These unconcerned uses of antibiotics ultimately generate resistant bacteria affecting substantial adverse consequences on human health. Extended-spectrum b-lactamase (ESBL) genes are responsible for inactivation of antibiotics containing b-lactam ring, namely, penicillin, cephalosporins, monobactams, and carbapenems.
Objectives: This study was designed to analyse the distribution of three ESBL genes and associated antimicrobial susceptibility profile of poultry gut bacteria.
Methods: This study was designed to analsze the distribution of three ESBL genes and associated antimicrobial susceptibility profile of poultry gut bacteria. Poultry feces were collected and cultured on cysteine lactose electrolyte deficient (CLED) agar and Salmonella-Shigella (SS) agar to differentiate various isolates based on colony characteristics. Identification of the isolates was made by convention biochemical tests, analytical profile index (API-20E), and 16S rRNA sequence analysis. Antibiotic susceptibility test was done by disc diffusion method using 17 antibiotics from seven groups. Subsequently, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was employed with a specific primer to identify respective ESBL genes (blaTEM, blaSHV, blaOXA). All data were analysed by SPSS.
Results: A total of 113 isolates were identified from 85 poultry feces tested. Most of the bacteria belonged to Enterobacteriaceae family, notably Proteus spp., E. coli, Klebsiella spp., Salmonella spp., and Enterobacter spp. Different bacteria were detected, namely, Kurthia populi, Cronobactersp, and Eikenella corrodens.   Most of the poultry isolates were resistant against more than one group of antibiotics. ESBL gene, blaTEM gene was identified most frequently (53.9%), followed by blaOXA (52.2%), and blaSHV (23%). Higher phenotypic resistance was observed in isolates carrying ESBL genes.
Conclusion: This study revealed a very high frequency of three ESBL genes with their phenotypic resistance- capacities in Bangladeshi poultry gut microbiota. Excess uses of antibiotics in local poultry farms may result in the emergence of antibiotic resistance that is imposing public health threatening in Bangladesh.
Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2021; 47(2): 165-174


There is an increasing trend in HCI to combine eating and technology. We highlight the potential of interactive technology to support an experiential perspective on eating, in particular, how interactive technology can support experiencing eating as play. To understanding this, we reflect on four playful interactive eating systems we designed and two other works to articulate five strategies: make eating challenging, break cultural norms, design across eating stages, reduce eating autonomy, and playfully extend the social aspect. For each, we also include practical implementation options to provide designers with initial guidance on how they can begin to support experiencing eating as play. Ultimately, with our work, we aim to facilitate a future where eating is more playful.


MoB/CoCr coating was deposited by low pressure plasma spraying(LPPS).The residual thermal stress of MoB/CoCr gradient coating was analyzed by ANSYS software.The results show that the high tensile stress occurs in the substrate and the high compressive stress occurs in the coating.And the thermal cycling experiment results show that the macro-crack appears on the surface of the coatings under the effect of stress.


Changes in the genetic repertoire by the acquisition of new genetic material through horizontal gene transfer is an important phenomenon in the evolution of many bacteria (Ochman & Moran, 2001). Transferred genes may either provide small but evolutionary important contributions to fitness or confer condition-specific advantages, facilitating adaptation to a new environment (Pal et al., 2005). Many bacterial pathogens have evolved the capacity to produce virulence factors that are directly involved in infection and disease. Acquiring virulence through horizontal gene transfer is the most common mechanism of gaining new genetic information (Ochman et al., 2000; Morschhauser et al., 2000; Hacker & Kaper, 2000; Ziebuhr et al., 1999). The need for information regarding gene transfer has prompted further investigation of different pathogenic organisms. Understanding gene transfer will explain the pathogenicity of the organism in the host.


Review(s) of: The biggest estate on earth: How aborigines made Australia, by Bill Gammage 2011, Allen and Unwin, Sydney, xxiii, 434pp, col. Ill., col. maps, ISBN 9781742377483.


Social workers played an integral part in the fourth White House Conference on Aging (WHCoA) held May 2-5, 1995 in Washington, DC. Of the 2; 000þ delegates primarily (75%) appointed by Governors and members of Congress, well over 25 were social workers. The profession was also wellrepresented on the 24-member Policy Committee (Rose Dobrof, Barbara Mikulski, and Daniel Thursz). Among the hundreds of volunteers at the WHCoA, over 20 social workers were recruited via the National Association of Social Workers. Dr. Fernando Torres-Gil (Administration on Aging) and Ray Raschko (Federal Council on Aging) are social workers who were also actively involved in the conference. Many pre-conference and post-conference activities associated with the 1995 WHCoA also included social workers. This special volume contains papers which are based on presentations made at the National Association of Social Workers Post-White House Conference Summit held on October 13, 1995 in Philadelphia, PA. On the basis of this officially recognized day-long Post-WHCoA event attended by 85 social workers, implementation recommendations were formulated, and submitted by the National Association of Social Workers, Office of Policy and Practice, to the WHCoA staff for inclusion in the final report (1995 White House Conference on Aging, 1996). The recommendations are included below, and almost all were specifically cited or otherwise addressed in the Final Report.


The purpose of this research is to get the kind of filoplane fungi on onion crop which is highly potential in controlling purple blotch disease caused by the fungus Alternaria porri and to find compatible media for the development of antagonistic fungi. This research was carried out by using the antagonism test of saproba against A. porri and compatibility test of organic materials against saprobe growth. Treatment consists of extracts from cow manure and green manure. The treatment was repeated four times using completely randomized design. The results showed that the fungus saprobe that could inhibit the growth of pathogenic fungi by antibiosis come from two types of isolates,that is, Trichoderma sp. and Penicillium sp. In addition, the fungus Penicillium sp. can grow more quickly on the media with extracts from compost or green manure compared with on the cow-manure extracts media, while the fungus Trichoderma sp. can grow well on both types of media. Keywords:, Trichoderma sp. , Penicillium sp., Alternatia porri, extracted manure


The measures for reducing the noise of conveyer is discussed through analyzing the mechanism of noise formed during the conveying and the moving characters of cargo.


A catheter pump was put forward for short-term treatment of acute heart failure. CFD (computational fluid dynamics) was used to predict flow patterns and hemolytic performance of the catheter pump proposed by the authors for evaluation of the design. Non-structure grids were used for mesh generation of the flow path, and k-epsilon turbulent model was adopted in the simulation. Besides, the trajectories of blood cell particles were obtained by Lagrangian method. Giersiepen's power model was used to predict the hemolysis level quantitatively. The results showed that, at the flow rate of 4L/min and at a RS (rotating speed) of 10000r/min, the differential pressure of the pump reached 111mmHg and the hydraulic performance was proved to fit the requirement of left ventricular assist device. Regular flow patterns were found in the velocity field, and that the maximum wall shear stress reached 158Pa only found in the suction side of the vane near inlet. A low hemolysis level of 2.70E-05 was obtained in the catheter pump. These findings demonstrated that the catheter pump could meet perfusion requirements to treatment acute heart failure and were expected to have a low level of blood trauma.


This article uses qualitative and quantitative evidence from call centres to show how the Dutch industrial relations system balances employer needs for workforce flexibility with the interests of employees. The normalization of temporary agency work in the Netherlands helps employers build workforce flexibility, reducing pressures on firms to subcontract work and to escape the existing regulatory system. In addition, the inclusiveness of the Dutch collective bargaining system, with the majority of call centre workers covered by a collective agreement, reduces differences in working conditions. Nonetheless, variations in negotiated agreements covering in-house workers, subcontractors and temporary agency workers lead to tiers of segmentation among these secondary labour market jobs.


In any army the combatants need to be given reasons for fighting, although they have not been consulted before being involved in it; and it is even more necessary to enlist public opinion, without whose support the combatants would become as weak as Antaeus when his feet were off the ground. In all countries, in all the wars of history, it has been the role of propaganda though with varying weapons, targets, and methods to uphold the good fight with persuasive arguments, rational or emotional, and to devalue the enemy with other suitable arguments. It is sometimes possible in this way to create for the combatants a common mentality, half spontaneous and half imposed, which is a real and even a capital factor in their combativeness. But it is in clandestine Resistance that the combatant's morale is most important of all; indeed, it conditions his whole activity. The 'soldier in the shadows' has not received mobilization orders with


The prism excitation of a film waveguide with an optically nonlinear substrate consisting of the nematic liquid crystal MBBA has been investigated experimentally. We observed bistable behavior with respect to the incident optical power and the coupling angle as well.


In this study,the photosynthesis,fluorescence and content of chlorophyll,Rubisco activities and the large and small subunits of Rubisco were analyzed in the periclinal chimera TCC(LI-LII-LⅢ:TCC;LI:the outmost layer of shoot apical meristem;LII:the middle layer;LⅢ:the innermost layer.T:tuber mustard;C:red cabbage) synthesized by grafting in vitro between tuber mustard(Brasscia juncea) and red cabbage(B.oleracea).The net photosynthesis rate of TCC chimera was 18.09μmol CO2·m-2·s-1 higher by 24.8% than that of its donor plant red cabbage,and the stomatal conductance and intercellular CO2 concentration of TCC chimera was significantly higher than that of both donor plants.The quantum efficiency of photosystem II(ФPS Ⅱ ) and photochemical quenching coefficient(qP) were almost consistent in TCC and red cabbage,but distinctly lower than that of tuber mustard.The total content of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b in TCC chimera were close with that of tuber mustard,but remarkably higher by 97% than that of red cabbage.The initial and total activities of Rubisco of TCC chimera were 1.76 and 3.75μmol CO2·g-1·min-1,respectively,in between tuber mustard and red cabbage,while the expression of rbcL(the large subunit of the ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase gene) and rbcS(the small subunit of the ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase gene) in TCC chimera exceeded both donor plants.The results suggested that the enhancement of stomatal conductance,chlorophyll content,Rubisco activities and transcription of rbcL and rbcS genes may contribute to higher Pn of TCC chimera than the donor red cabbage,and heterogenous epidermis(LI) in TCC chimera exerted large effects on these physiological characteristics determined by inner tissues(LII and LⅢ).


We studied the water splitting into and using two different semiconductor photo catalysts and redox mediator, mimicking the Z-scheme mechanism of the photosynthesis, evolution took place on a Pt- (Cr-Ta doped) photocatalyst using electron donor under the visible light irradiation. The Pt- photocatalyst showed an excellent activity of the evolution using electron acceptor under visible light. and gases evolved in the stoichiometric ratio(=2) under visible light using a mixture of the Pt- and Pt- (Cr-Ta doped) suspended in NaI aqueous solution. We proposed a two-step photo-excitation mechanism using redox mediator under the visible irradiation.


Utilizing channel correlation and time-varying fading parameter,a novel optimal noncoherent receiver for dif-ferential space-time modulation in correlated time-varying fading channels was derived.Under several special channels,the optimal receiver was simplified.Based on the decision feedback data,a suboptimal noncoherent receiver named DF-NCR was presented for the application of the optimal receiver.Analysis and simulation results show that the error performance of differential space-time modulation system with the proposed DF-NCR is better than conventional differ-ential transmission method in correlated time-varying fading channels.


Aims: The current work was analyzed in antioxidants, cytotoxicity and larvicidal potential were examined for O. latifolia methanolic leaf extract.
Methodology: Antioxidant assasy for Hydroxyl radical (H2O2). Cytotoxicity potential was studied against colon (HT-29). Culex quinquefasciatus  (IVth instar) larvae was used for larvicidal test.
Results: Antioxidant and cytotoxicity exhibits significant activities with IC50 value of 442.94 µg/mL and also the cytotoxicity activity IC50 values of 50.00μg/mL for HT-29. Larval mortality against the larvae of Cx. quinquefasciatus showed best activity with LC50 09.50mg/L and LC90 28.72 mg/L.
Conclusion: Thus, this study proved that methanolic leaf extracts of O. latifolia have significant biological activities. Hence, it can be used for pharmacetutical applications.


Objective:  Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a major risk factor for aortic calcifications and cardiovascular disease (CVD).  Matrix Gla proteins (MGP) have a significant role in control of the process of calcification. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of MGP G-7A and T-138C gene polymorphisms in development of aortic calcification and CVD in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Material and Methods:  The study included 120 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 134 control group. The MGP G-7A and T-138C gene polymorphisms were identified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) methods. Results:  The G-7A genotype distribution in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus AA=10.8%, GA=41.7% and GG=47.5% did not significantly differ from those in control group AA=15.7%, GA=48.5% and GG=35.8% (P=0.146). The T-138C genotype distribution in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus CC=8.4%, CT=40.8% and TT=50.8% were also not significantly different from those in control group CC=3.7%, CT=39.6% and TT=56.7% (P=0.259). On the other hand; age, fasting blood glucose (FBG), cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) as expected were significantly differed between the patient-control groups (p<0.05). Conclusion:  This patient-control study show that G-7A and T-138C gene polymorphisms of MGP are not genetic risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus.


Disorders in the periodontal tissues in generalized periodontitis have a significant negative impact on the patient's somatic and psycho-emotional health, causing not only dental, but also medical and social difficulties. Although scientific research has been studied, the search for new drugs for treatment and prevention of periodontal tissue diseases, the introduction of new methods have been provided, but the prevalence of generalized periodontitis includes 88-100% among adults. Destructive periodontal changes in chronic generalized periodontitis (CGP) are often irreversible and, in combination with dysfunction of the dento-alveolar apparatus and premature loss of teeth, they impair the quality of patients' life and decrease their social adaptation.
SIgA is the most important external secretory immunoglobulin. The functions of sIgA are the following: agglutination of bacteria, change of bacterial metabolism, delayed colonization of microorganisms, neutralization of viruses, bacterial toxins, enzymes, decrease the virulence of infectious agents and increase the opsonization of microorganisms. Receptors of slgA molecules have an affinity for some proteins of pathogens and, therefore, provide the formation of passive immunity against bacterial and viral infections.
The aim of the work was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of the proposed immunomodulatory treatment for patients with severe generalized periodontitis. To achieve this goal, a clinical case of the drug Derinat as an addition to the complex therapeutic treatment of severe generalized periodontitis in a patient with a deficiency of secretory immunoglobulin A in the oral fluid (54, 6 mg/l) was used and presented by us.
The patient's treatment was done comprehensively, purposefully, individually including local and general therapy, and effective, conservative, surgical and orthopedic measures in the conditions of outpatient supervision of patients were also performed. The periodontal protocol included following steps: 1) a comprehensive examination of general and dental status; 2) professional oral hygiene, elimination of aggravating factors, selective grinding of teeth; selection of individual care products; 3) the appointment of the antibacterial drug such as Azithromycin 500 mg - 7 days; 4) immunomodulatory therapy with the use of Derinat by applications in periodontal pockets for 15 minutes - 7 days; 5) prosthetics with partial removable plate prostheses on the upper and lower jaws; 6) evaluation of intermediate results of treatment: repeated clinical examination and completion of a control periodontal card.
The data, which has been obtained, indicated a significant positive trend in treatment, the absence of complaints on 2nd day of treatment and clinical improvement on 3rd or 4th days. Dental status data (hygiene index (1,0), PMA index (0%), periodontal index (1,2), bleeding index (1) and depth of periodontal pockets (2-3 mm)) has been significantly improved after the proposed treatment. The extension of the remission period is more than a year.
Conclusions. The use of immunomodulatory drugs in the complex therapy of patients with chronic generalized periodontitis can significantly improve the results of conservative treatment, reduce the treatment time and prolong the period of remission due to the pathogenetic effect on the key links of the immune defense in the oral cavity.


Abstract From the "Leading Ladies" advertising campaign for UK high-street stalwart Marks and Spencer, to Charlotte Rampling becoming the face of NARS cosmetics at sixty-eight in 2014, and the delight that meets select older women stars such as Helen Mirren on the red carpet in the women's magazine market, it appears that the fashion, beauty and celebrity industries of late have opened their arms to embrace stylish "women of a certain age" to an unprecedented degree. This article scrutinises the reception and complexities that lie at the core of this seeming cultural shift which, at first glance, might be positively construed to demonstrate that at last the disenfranchisement and invisibility endured by older women in these industries—which are central to upholding wider social hierarchies about which women "matter"—have been dented. Examining recent documentaries and advertising campaigns, I ask: what is at stake in the decision to co-opt "old women" into the (young) marketplace of style and fashion, and in the seeming willingness by many audiences to embrace texts featuring older women as sartorial mavens? The zeitgeist described here arguably underlines how the directive to enact "self-surveillance, monitoring and discipline" (Rosalind Gill 2007) around one's appearance increasingly incorporates an older subject/consumer, and evidences how coercion to submit to "makeover" culture seemingly never ends. For these reasons, I argue, it is imperative that feminist media studies' critique of the neoliberal, post-feminist climate addresses the widespread neglect of older women in extant cultural analyses, and turns its attention now to the implications of this shift.


Summary

Details of nest destruction patterns in the black-headed village weaver and Vieillot's black weaver were recorded from three colonies on the Ife campus in 1983 and 1984 breeding seasons. Nests that were destroyed were classified into ten groups. The numbers in each category showed the presence of synchronized high and low peaks at bi-weekly intervals. The intensity of nest destruction was markedly increased during the main breeding months from May to June. Nests unaccepted by the females were normally torn down by the males in two weeks and brooded nests in about six weeks. Large-scale abandoning by the females of the completed nests accounted for a considerable part of the total number of destroyed nests. Nests were torn down in short bouts of from 3 to 30 minutes. Removal of nest materials by the neighbours caused minor destruction. Evidence is put forward to show that extensive nest destruction of the nests by the males is an obligatory response to prevent the oversaturation of the nest sites in the restricted territories.

Resume

On a rapporte des details sur les schemas de destruction des nids chez le tisserin gendarme et le tisserin noir de Vieillot, sur le campus de Ife, pendant les saisons de reproduction de 1983 et 1984. Les nids detruits etaient classes en dix groupes. Dans chaque categorie, les nombres montraient l'existence de pointes maxima et minima a des intervalles bihebdomadaires. L'intensite de la destruction des nids augmentait sensiblement pendant les principaux mois de reproduction, de mai a juin. Les nids refuses par les femelles etaient generalement demolis par les mâles en deux semaines, et les nids habites, au bout de six semaines. Les nids termines abandonnes par les femelles comptaient pour une grande part dans le nombre total des nids detruits. Les nids etaient mis en pieces en 3 a 30 minutes. L'enlevement des materiaux du nid par des voisins n'occasionne qu'une destruction mineure. On met en evidence le fait que la destruction massive des nids par les mâles est une reponse obligatoire pour empecher la sursaturation en nids de territoires restreints.


Chapter 1 Production of exopolysaccharides by Rhizobium has been linked with efficient invasion and nodulation of leguminous plant roots by the bacteria. Exopolysaccharide-deficient (exo) mutants of Rhizobium fredii USDA191 were isolated by Tn5-insertion mutagenesis. Five phenotypically unique exo mutants were investigated for exopolysaccharide synthesis and their ability to nodulate soybeans. The exopolysaccharides produced by these mutants were analyzed for polysaccharide composition by column chromatography and thin layer chromatography. Two mutants designated exo3 and exo5 were deficient in both the neutral glucan and exopolysaccharide synthesis, but still made effective nodules on Glycine max cv. Peking, although with decreased efficiency. The remaining three mutants (exo 1, exo2, and exo4) synthesized neutral glucans at various levels compared with wild type and exhibited partial exopolysaccharide-deficiencies. One of these exo mutants, exo4, induced nodules on soybean, Peking. These data imply that neither exopolysaccharides nor neutral glucans are necessary for the formation of spherical nodules by R. fredii. Chapter 2 Rhizobium fredii USDA191 is a fast-growing symbiont that nodulates soybeans as well as slow-growing Bradyrhizobium species. R. meliloti exo DNA clones (obtained from Graham Walker) were introduced by triparental plasmid matings into five exo mutants of R. fredii USDA191. These exo mutants of R. fredii each exhibited a unique Tn5 insertion pattern and a depressed exopolysaccharide synthesis. In two R. fredii exo mutants, exopolysaccharide expression was restored by introduction of R. meliloti exo DNA. R. fredii YKL288 (exo4) was complemented for exopolysaccharide synthesis when plasmid pD56 (exoF/B) but not plasmid pD2 (exoB) was introduced into it, and R. fredii YKL293 (exo5) was complemented for exopolysaccharide production when it contained plasmid pD15 (exo C). Significantly, plasmid pLYK5293 containing DNA sequences flanking the Tn5 of YKL293 hybridized with DNAs of plasmid clones pD56 (exoF/B), pD2 (exoB), and pD5 (exoD) of R. meliloti. Putative wild type exo5 genes also were cloned into a phage lambda NM1149 using plasmid pLYK5293 as a probe DNA. The data suggest the existence of common pathways for exopolysaccharide synthesis in R. fredii as well as in R. meliloti. The data also suggest a possible linkage in R. fredii USDA191 of exoC and exoD gene homologues of R. meliloti.


Purpose The side effects of radiotherapy induced on healthy tissue limit its use. To overcome this issue and fully exploit the potential of radiotherapy to treat cancers, the first-in-class radioenhancer NBTXR3 (functionalized hafnium oxide nanoparticles) has been designed to amplify the effects of radiotherapy. Patients and Methods Thanks to its physical mode of action, NBTXR3 has the potential to be used to treat any type of solid tumor. Here we demonstrate that NBTXR3 can be used to treat a wide variety of solid cancers. For this, we evaluated different parameters on a large panel of human cancer models, such as nanoparticle endocytosis, in vitro cell death induction, dispersion, and retention of NBTXR3 in the tumor tissue and tumor growth control. Results Whatever the model considered, we show that NBTXR3 was internalized by cancer cells and persisted within the tumors throughout radiotherapy treatment. NBTXR3 activated by radiotherapy was also more effective in destroying cancer cells and in controlling tumor growth than radiotherapy alone. Beyond the effects of NBTXR3 as single agent, we show that the antitumor efficacy of cisplatin-based chemoradiotherapy treatment was improved when combined with NBTXR3. Conclusion These data support that NBTXR3 could be universally used to treat solid cancers when radiotherapy is indicated, opening promising new therapeutic perspectives of treatment for the benefit of many patients.


Raimy (1999; 2000a; 2000b) proposed a graphical formalism for modeling reduplication, originallymostly focused on phonological overapplication in a derivational framework. This framework is now known as Precedence-based phonology or Multiprecedence phonology. Raimy's idea is that the segments at the input to the phonology are not totally ordered by precedence. This paper tackles a challenge that arose with Raimy's work, the development of a deterministic serialization algorithm as part of the derivation of surface forms. The Match-Extend algorithm introduced here requires fewer assumptions and sticks tighter to the attested typology. The algorithm also contains no parameter or constraint specific to individual graphs or topologies, unlike previous proposals. Match-Extend requires nothing except knowing the last added set of links.


In this paper, the signal properties for the translational invariant case of bistatic synthetic aperture radar (SAR) based on the squint mode are deduced. Bistatic range history, point target response in time and frequency domains, Doppler properties and resolutions are presented in terms of the platform coordinates and the squint angles. The results are valid for large aperture and large squint angles. The accuracy of quadratic approximation in bistatic SAR is also discussed.


We propose a CMOS image sensor with time-division multiplexing pixel architecture using standard pinned-photodiode for capturing 2-D color image as well as extracting 3-D depth information of a target object. The proposed pixel can alternately provide both color and depth images in each frame. Two split photodiode and four transfer gates in each pixel improve the transfer speed of generated electrons to be capable of demodulating a high-frequency time-of-flight signal. In addition, four-shared pixel architecture acquires a color image with high spatial resolution and generates a reliable depth map by inherent binning operation in charge domain. A 712 496 pixel array has been fabricated using a 0.11μm standard CMOS imaging process and fully characterized. A 6m pixel with 34.5% aperture ratio can be operated at 10-MHz modulation frequency with 70% demodulation contrast. We have successfully captured both images of exactly same scene from the fabricated test chip. It shows a depth uncertainty of less than 60 mm and a linearity error of about 2% between 1 and 3 m distance with 50-ms integration time. Moreover, high-gain readout operation enables to improve the performance, achieving about 43-mm depth uncertainty at 3 m.


In reality today the choice may be quite restricted, however: by anxiety in anticipating need for personal care in illness and emergencies; by the shying away from responsibilities for household management, cooking, cleaning, marketing ; or by failing strength. There are the inconveniences and hazards of dwellings not planned for the older years. In many cases, income is so limited as to prohibit an easy change to a more suitable dwelling. And there is definitely


arsenal of philosophical resources and phenomenological descriptions. Following in the footsteps of his landmark studies on Remembering (1987) and Imagining (1976), TheWorld at a Glance is a phenomenological portrait of an integral, overlooked, aspect of human perception. I will not be able to do much more than scratch the surface of this book. Thankfully one of the central theses of Casey's text is that there is much to learn from the surface, and we need not rush toward the depths. My remarks proceed in three parts. In the first part I describe three of the driving themes of the text: walking, cityscapes, and surfaces. In the second part, I turn to a more specific comment about the ethics of the glance and Casey's relationship with Emmanuel Levinas. In the third part I briefly raise two questions: one about blindness and the other about the digital age.


The aim of this study was to determine the free time activity types of 4th class teacher trainees studying elementary school teaching department at Muğla University in academic year. For this aim, 190 4th class students of preschool teaching, social and science formation teaching department at Muğla University (2nd education) and USA's students that were chosen randomly participated in this study. Subjects took a questionnaire prepared by effect's ideas about spending free time. The data gained from questionnaires have been interpreted according to the SPSS package programme frequency dispersion and percentage. According to the data from the questionnaires activity types in Turkey are different from those in USA. Our students prefer sports activities and educational groups and they don't work at weekends, in weekdays they meet their friends after school, spend free time by listening to music, reading book, magazine, newspaper I mean in a passive way. In USA students usually work at weekends for getting by on themselves. As a result 2nd education teacher trainees should be told that such short times are really important for them and they should spend free time in a good way for their future. They should also be unformatted about improving themselves and they should have some new opportunities about this matter.


Vatican II tried to overcome the negative definition of laity as "nonclergy" and regarded laity as members of the People of God, participating in the priestly, prophetic and kingly office. In their dignity and their apostolate they are equal to the clergy. Nevertheless in Vatican II there are also formulations which seem to underline a former clericalism. These texts were written in order to give the conservative minority of the bishops the chance to subscribe the documents. Compromises were necessary, because councils strive for a consensus. In the years after the Council in western societies there occurred large turbulences and they also affected the Church. Especially the crisis in clergy with a dramatic reduction of young priests led to concerns on the future. Thus post-conciliar Vatican documents on the laity, e.g. Christifideles laici, tried anew, to underline the difference between laity and clergy, they were more interested on priests than on the laity. They picked up just the formulations containing the compromises and interpreted them in a traditionalist way. The essay shows, that in this respect these post-conciliar documents are not in accordance with the Council. It strives to Prof. Dr Peter Neuner studied Philosophy and Theology University München and obtained a doctorate in theology in 1976. From 1980 he was Professor of fundamental theology at the University of Passau and from 1985 Professor of Dogmatic and ecumenical theology at the University of München, where he was the dean from 1989-1991 and from 1997-1999. From 1998-2002 he was President of the Association of German speaking dogmatic and fundamental theologians. He retired from the university in 2006, but gives lectures in different institutions. Special interest and publications: ecumenism, religious experience, catholic Modernism. Email: email@example.com


Since ancient times, Confucian school has emphasized "using rites and music to govern the country". It shows that music has extremely high status in politics of Confucianism. It seems as though it has been beyond the imagination of people. In recent years, the economic and cultural construction of our country has reached outstanding achievements. Especially the music education of normal universities becomes main contents of cultural construction, because it concerns talent cultivation of music development in the future of our country. Meanwhile, as important carrier of quality-oriented education, music education attracts the attention of more and more people. With comprehensive reform and development of education cause in our country, music education carried out by normal universities is to cultivate more excellent music teachers and promote the development and prosperity of cultural education cause. This article comprehensively analyzes problems existing in music education of normal universities and puts forward corresponding suggestions and countermeasures to continuously improve music education in normal universities. Keywords—cultural construction; normal universities; music education; quality-oriented education; problem; countermeasures


English: The present article aims at discussing the con guration and the attributions of the Guardianship Council in relation to the Public Policy of Protection of Children and Adolescents. The Guardianship Council is a collective, permanent, autonomous, and non-jurisdictional governmental organization responsible, via the civil society, for looking after and ful lling the rights of children and adolescents. It acts according to the attributions established in the Statute of the Child and Adolescent whenever the rights of children and adolescents are violated, either by action or omission of the State or of the society, or by omission of the family or family abuse, taking the measures listed in the above-referred attributions. portuguesEste artigo tem por objetivo discutir a con guracao e as atribuicoes do Conselho Tutelar no contexto da Politica Publica de Protecao a Crianca e ao Adolescente. O Conselho Tutelar e organismo publico, de atuacao colegiada, per- manente, autonomo, nao jurisdicional e encarregado pela sociedade civil de zelar pelo cumprimento dos direitos da crianca e do adolescente. Atua conforme as atribuicoes previstas no Estatuto da Crianca e do Adolescente, sempre que ocorrer violacao de direito da crianca e do adolescente, por acao ou omissao da sociedade e do Estado, pela falta, omissao ou abuso da familia e em razao de sua conduta, aplicando medidas previstas nas mesmas atribuicoes.


' The term, heterochromatin, refers to those portions of a chromosome which stain very darkly early in the division cycle at a time when most of the chromosomal material stains very lightly. After the discovery of the mutagenic effects of X-rays, large numbers of mutants were recovered in Drosophila. These mutants were genetically mapped but none of them seemed to be located in the heterochromatic regions of the chromosomes. This observation led to the hypothesis that heterochromatin was cally inert.


Grasping guided by visual recognition and positioning is a practical requirement of discrete automation. This paper proposes a general method of using RGBD image recognition, which can recognize object with only one RGB template photograph of the target object, calculate 3D coordinates and pose, and guide the 6 DOF manipulator to grasp object. SIFT(Scale Invariant Feature Transform) is used to extract feature points of template image and real-time scene image and complete matching. Matched feature points are used as seed points to segment target objects in depth image. This method is fast and requires less prior knowledge. In order to optimize the grasping, this paper uses the Shape Index method to locate the flat area on the object which is most suitable for the suction cup. This method can make the grasping system automatically adapt to various objects and overcome the problems of overlapping and partial occlusion.


A method and apparatus for managing cell wear due to a change in resistance in the resistive memory is disclosed. Wear management apparatus in a resistive memory according to the present invention, mode change unit for changing the wear resistance detection mode to the normal mode from the read mode to determine the resistance of a resistive memory cell; Based on the control of changing the resistance value of the read reference point in accordance with the mode switching to the sensing mode, the wear resistance; And characterized in that it comprises a Selma bed unit for determining whether or not the wear of the resistive memory cells to read out the resistance value of the resistive memory cell and compare the resistance value of the wear reference level in the read resistance value of the reference point is changed.


Bacteria and viruses always posed a threat to human health. Most impressively, SARS-CoV-2 has raged around the world for almost three years, causing huge loss to human health. Facing increasing challenges of drug-resistance and poor treatment efficacy, new solutions are urgently needed to combat pathogenic microorganisms. Recently, nanozymes with intrinsic enzyme-like activities emerged as a promising new type of "antibiotics". Nanozymes exhibit superior antibacterial and antiviral activities under physiological conditions by efficiently catalyzing generation of a large number of reactive oxygen species. Moreover, enhanced therapeutic effects are achieved in nanozyme-based therapy aided by the unique physicochemical properties of nanomaterials such as photothermal and photodynamic effects. This paper reviews the latest research progress in the field of anti-microbial nanozymes, systematically summarizes and analyzes the principles of nanozymes in the treatment of bacteria and viruses from a mechanistic point of view. An outlook on the future direction and the challenges of new anti-microbial infection nanomaterials are proposed to provide inspiration for developing next generation anti-microbial nanozymes.


An ultra-broadband mixer with I-Q outputs is proposed and analyzed in this paper. The mixer is composed of a distributed amplifier, a traveling wave power splitter and two active mixers where the input capacitors are absorbed in the artificial transmission lines. The orthogonal LO inputs are fed to the mixers via an on-chip Lange coupler. With the aid of loss compensation techniques, the proposed mixer can operate up to 110 GHz. An average conversion gain of 5.5 dB/14.5 dB is achieved with 1 dBm LO input power without/with the pre-distributed amplifier, respectively. 0.13- μm SiGe process is used to fabricate the proposed design. Including the testing pads, the total chip areas both without and with the pre-distributed amplifier are (1.2 ×1) mm2 and (2 ×1) mm2, respectively.


SummaryA study has been made of the frequency with which two or more cells with an apparently identical stable chromosome aberration are found in preparations of blood cultures from heavily irradiated individuals. 133 patients have been examined following exposure to acute doses of x-rays or to chronic irradiation from retained thorium.The conditions are discussed in which such cells may be regarded as originating from a lymphocyte clone present in vivo, and four patients were found with unequivocal evidence of a clone. In undertaking comparative studies on irradiated subjects two important considerations appear to be the total number of cells scored with stable aberrations and the age of the subjects.


. . Cooper P, Mueck B, Yousefi S, et al. cDNA-RDA of genes expressed in fetal and adult lungs identifies factors important in development and function. Am J Physiol 2000; 278:L284±L293. [27] Cornfield DN, Saqueton CB, Porter VA, Herron J, Resnik E, Haddad IY, Reeve HL. Voltage-gated K+-channel activity in ovine pulmonary vasculature is developmentally regulated. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2000; 278:L1297± L1304.


Dietary antioxidant intake has been hypothesized to influence the development of allergic diseases; however, few prospective studies have investigated this association.


The review and analysis of the film 'There will be blood', directed by Paul Thomas Anderson is discussed. The film is stunning and masterful and delves into the soul of one man.


We compare and contrast a variety of iterative tensor methods for solving largescale systems of nonlinear equations. Tensor methods are an alternative to Newton-based methods and are based on using a limited quadratic local model rather than a linear model. These higher order models often provide information that is lacking in a (nearly) singular Jacobian, thus making the solver more efficient when solving difficult problems.


The paper looks at the development history of the new pedagogic form the Young Inventors and Innovators' Tournament promoting creativity of the growing generation in Sverdlovsk region. The main emphasis is given on pedagogic facilitation, and organizational and methodical guaranteeing of the content relevance of the two successive competition stages the preparatory (external) and the basic (final). The authors' methodology aimed at promoting pupils' technical creative activity, is proposed. The methodology is oriented on taking the maximum advantage of interrelations between the system of children's additional education and universities in scientific, methodical and organizationally pedagogic spheres. The content and organizational model of the Young Inventors and Innovators' Tournaments based on the above methodology and approbated in Sverdlovsk region is given, as a means of complex development of pupils' creative abilities.


The paper reviews recent results of ultrasonic and piezoelectric investigation in CuInP2S6, CuInP2Se6, CuCrP2S6 layered crystals and their solid solutions in temperature range 100-330 K. The ultrasonic velocity dispersion and attenuation peaks were observed at phase transitions (PT). The critical ultrasonic behaviour is strongly anisotropic and depends on composition of solid solution. The largest ultrasonic anomalies appeared for ultrasonic wave propagating normally to layers: i.e. along polarization direction. In solid solutions, approaching phase boundaries, the widths of critical attenuation peaks increase what we attribute to the increase of order parameter relaxation time. Investigation of the second ultrasonic harmonic revealed extremely high elastic nonlinearity for longitudinal ultrasound propagating across layers in CuInP2S6 family crystals. The existence of piezoelectric sensitivity in low temperature phases was confirmed by direct ultrasonic and resonance methods. The influence of DC electric field on critical ultrasonic anomalies and piezoelectric parameters also is discussed. It was shown that at room temperature, above PT, piezoelectricity due to electrostriction occurred under DC bias electric field applied along c-axis of the CuInP2S6 family crystals. INTRODUCTION The Sn2P2S6 family crystals are photoconductors, exhibiting strong piezoelectric effect and can be used in acoustoelectronic and nonlinear acoustic devices [1]. The variety of ultrasonic phenomena such as acoustoelectric interaction, acoustoelectric voltage, relaxing ultrasonic attenuation oscillations and photostimulated shift of phase transitions down to lower temperature were observed and investigated in these crystals [2-3]. Recently the new, crystals of this family were grown: i.e. CuInP2S6, CuInP2Se6 and CuCrP2S6 and their solid solutions, which also are promising materials for functional electronics. They all are highly anizotropic and crystallize in a layered two-dimensional structure of the CuMP2S6 (M=In, Cr) type [4]. Double sheets of sulphur atoms sandwiching the metal cations and P-P groups, which occupy the octahedral voids, determined by the sulphur atoms form such lattice. At elevated temperatures, the smeared out copper electronic distribution perpendicular to the layer can be satisfactorily modelled by two vertically disposed positions, one distinctly (Cu1) and the other (Cu2) slightly shifted from the octahedral centre where the crystal structure has a centrosymmetric space group C2/c. The incomplete occupancy of these sites may be interpreted as a static or dynamic kind of disorder. A very interesting feature of these crystals is that they involve antiparallel shifts of Cu and In, Cr cations away from the midplane of a layer along c-axis. The Cu sublattice is polar in CuInP2S6 below phase transition (PT) at Tc = 312 K and coexists with an In III sublattice of unequal and opposite polarity. The structure of the paraelectric phase is C2/c, and at low temperature the space group changes to Pc [5]. The Cu sublattice is antipolar in CuCrP2S6 below 150 K; it coexists with an In sublattice of equal and opposite polarity [4]. So the CuInP2S6 and CuCrP2S6 crystals can be defined as ferrielectric and antiferroelectric systems respectively. At low temperature the space group changes to Cc or Pc for both materials. In CuCrP2S6 the intermediate phase has been observed by neutron powder diffraction, calorimetric


We have identified a small globular cluster in M31 located approximately 4 arcseconds northwest of the M31 globular cluster G185. While several multiple globular clusters have been observed in the Magellanic Clouds none have been found in the Galaxy or in M31. We estimate the probability of such a chance line-of-sight alignment occuring near the nucleus of M31 to be 0.09 +/- 0.03 and find no obvious indication of any tidal deformation in either cluster, as would be expected if the clusters were interacting.
Two-dimensional modelling suggests G185 has a King (1966) [AJ, 71, 64] concentration of c = 1.11 +/- 0.08 while the companion has c = 0.67 +/- 0.17 and is physically smaller than G185. Both objects have integrated dereddened colors similar to those of Galactic globular clusters.


The problem of estimating the inten- sity process of a doubly stochastic Poisson process is analyzed. Using covariance information, a re- cursive linear minimum mean-square error estimate is designed. Moreover, an e-cient procedure for the computation of its associated error covariance is shown. The proposed solution becomes an alternative approach to the Kalman fllter which is applicable un- der the only structural assumption that the intensity process to be estimated has a flnite-dimensional co- variance function.


Although novel teleconsultation solutions can deliver remote situations that are relatively similar to face‐to‐face interaction, remote assessment of heart rate and rhythm as well as risk factors remains challenging in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF).