Bipolar disorders (BDs) and psychotic disorders were initially conceived as disorders of adulthood, with an occasional onset in adolescence. However, those concepts are gradually changing, and, based on recent studies of children of parents with BD and psychotic disorders, these aged constructs require intense rethinking. A series of longitudinal studies paints a new, different picture: the true beginnings of these disorders were either different or have changed. In nearly all departments of psychiatry, adult and childadolescent psychiatry represent 2 separate universes that did not enable continuous studies. However, in recent years, several adult and child specialists have joined forces to investigate the populations of young people at high risk for BDs and psychotic disorders and came up with identical basic findings regarding the early clinical course. This issue of The Canadian Journal of Psychiatiy offers 2 excellent reviews of this fruitful approach by its major proponents, Dr Anne Duffy1 and Dr Patrick D McGorry, Dr Barnaby Nelson, Dr Sherilyn Goldstone, and Dr Alison R Yung.2 They present their findings, and review the relevant literature and convergent conclusions. They report replicated evidence that, in predisposed people over time, major mood and psychotic disorders develop from nonspecific harbingers. Based on her longitudinal studies of offspring of affected parents, Dr Duffy' describes the early natural history of BD as unfolding in a series of clinical stages. BDs evolve from nonspecific childhood antecedents, including anxiety and sleep problems, followed by adjustment and minor mood disturbances through early adolescence, culminating in major mood episodes in later adolescence and early adulthood. As BDs have a forceful genetic contribution, the study of children of affected parents is an important strategy to capture this unfolding of the illness. The clinical staging model is likely to improve early detection and may enable early intervention. Interestingly, Dr Duffy 's longitudinal studies shed light on seemingly contradictory findings that emerged from earlier cross-sectional high-risk studies and studies of pediatrie clinical populations. To wit, the diversity of BDs in parents appears to explain why ADHD and other cognitive difficulties are reported in some high-risk offspring studies and not in others. Studies focusing on the early phase have also mushroomed in psychotic disorders. Dr McGorry and coauthors2 introduce an ultra-high-risk (UHR) approach to identify people in the prodromal phase of psychotic disorder. UHR criteria are based on a combination of known trait and state risk factors for psychosis, including attenuated positive psychotic symptoms, brief self-limited psychotic symptoms, and a family history of psychotic disorder. Early identification is critical, as meta-analysis, as well as systematic reviews, demonstrated that a longer duration of untreated psychosis is associated with worse outcome, poorer response to antipsychotic treatment, and greater neuroimaging changes. Moreover, intervening during the early stages appears to reduce the burden of disability and the prevalence of full-blown illness. An imperative reason for offering these 2 papers1,2 here together is their striking convergence. In particular, in their longitudinal investigations, the authors have found evidence of staging during the development of the disorders. Staging, a notion already recognized in other areas of medicine, is a more advanced way of characterizing a disorder. These findings are both comforting and disturbing. Comforting, because we are finally learning about the early stages of major disorders from prospective observations. Disturbing, because they point to the limitations of the symptom-based approach to diagnosis, which delays any advance in developing effective early interventions. Past classifications in psychiatry were developed on the implicit assumption of lasting stability. …


Part I — The Opening "If you go any deeper," said Lola, "you'll make contact with my sanity. I won't be responsible for what happens." But Alton was too far gone. He continued his assault on her pleasure centers until her mouth fell open in a supernatural way. The timing of it couldn't have been worse, since he was pushing his way toward the place where the soul and body are connected. With a powerful thrust, he drove himself between the two, unintentionally freeing her soul from its attachment to her body. It rose up, reached her mouth, and rushed out the hole in her face only to discover that Alton had seconds earlier enveloped that hole with his own lips. Before anyone knew what was happening, the soul entered his oral cavity and was swallowed in the excitement.


Stabilization of the single-longitudinal mode of the V-channeled substrate inner stripe (VSIS) laser is attained by coating multidielectric films with high reflectivity on both facets. VSIS lasers with high-reflectivity mirrors are confirmed to have stable spectral characteristics and low noise characteristics. Consequently, in these lasers, the ratio of the lasing mode to the strongest nonlasing mode intensity is ~1250:1, and mode competition noise is suppressed at a temperature of more than 75°C; feedback-induced noise is also repressed up to 0.5% feedback at 3-mW constant output power by automatic power control. A SNR of 110 dB is attained at 1 MHz with 10-kHz bandwidth.


Poly(4-vinylpyridinium nitrate) was found to be a recyclable and highly efficient oxidizing polymer for the oxidative coupling of a variety of aliphatic or aromatic thiols to the corresponding disulfides. Poly(4-vinylpyridinium nitrate) is an extremely mild agent, which gave no other oxidized side products.


Half-Heusler alloys with the general formula TiNiSn/sub 1-X/Sb/sub X/ are currently being investigated for their potential as thermoelectric (TE) materials. These materials exhibit high thermopower (40-250 /spl mu/V/K) and low electrical resistivity values (0.1-8 m/spl Omega/-cm) which yields a relatively large power factor (/spl alpha//sup 2//spl sigma/T) of 0.2-1.0 W/m/sup ./K at room temperature. For these materials to be used in thermoelectric applications, the relatively high thermal conductivity (/spl lambda//spl ap/10 W/m/sup ./K) that is evident in these materials must be reduced. We have investigated the effect of Sb-doping on the Sn site and Zr doping on the Ti site on the electrical and thermal transport of TiNiSn. As expected, it is observed that large concentrations of Zr-doping on Ti-site reduce the lattice thermal conductivity as compared to the parent compounds. However an unusual result is observed with Sb-doping. The lattice thermal conductivity increases somewhat randomly with small amounts (< 5%) of Sb-doping at the Sn-site. This doping should have little effect on the thermal conductivity. A systematic investigation of grain structure in these Sb-doped materials has been performed as an attempt to explain the anomalous behavior of thermal conductivity due to Sb-doping. In addition, effects of grain size reduction on the thermal conductivity in ball milled and shock compressed samples have been investigated in hopes of reducing the lattice thermal conductivity.


The economic evaluation is basic for any reclaimed water reuse project. Nevertheless, the calcu- lation tools for this evaluation have scarcely been developed due to the lack of application of the existing models and the need to consider more circumstances that the actually used for the evalu- ations. The authors develop a comprehensive tool, comprising several steps, as follows: analysis of the basics of any project; socioeconomic characterization; building, operation and maintenance of the facility; and evaluation of the positive and negative externalities.


The invention provides a low-salt and multi-strain segmented fermentation process for fermented soya beans. The low-salt and multi-strain segmented fermentation process comprises the following steps: selecting soy beans; immersing; cooking; inoculating and carrying out starter propagation; carrying out primary fermentation; inoculating a yeast and carrying out secondary fermentation to obtain a finished product. With the adoption of the low-salt and multi-strain segmented fermentation process, a process method for carrying out segmented fermentation after the starter propagation and adding microorganisms to increase the aroma is applied to the fermentation production of the fermented soya bean; pure strains are used for carrying out the starter propagation so as to improve the protease activity of a bean starter; the salt-free health-insulation fermentation is used for improving the content of amino acid nitrogen and shortening the time spent on the primary fermentation; in the secondary fermentation process, zygosaccharomyces rouxii is added to increase the aroma of the fermented soya beans and shorten the secondary fermentation time; a product not only has the unique aroma of the fermented soya beans, but also has the rich mellow flavor, sauce flavor and ester flavor; the mass percentage of the amino acid nitrogen of the product reaches 0.81g/100g and the mass percentage of the salt of the product is about 8g/100g and is reduced by more than 47.78% when being compared with that of conventional fermented soya beans (more than 12%); the fermentation time lasts for 19 days and is shortened by 3-6 days.


This paper introduced the actuality of DSP teaching and gave a few of experiments used in DSP teaching. The purposes of these experiments can be found in the text with the relationships between them. The results show that the study of these experiments take an important function in the whole teaching of DSP.


Capsicum red pigments were extracted by supersonic wave method from the dry chilli pepper from Fujian Province.The types of solvent,content of solvent and extracting time were studied in comparison with the traditional extraction method.The temperature and pH value which influence the stability of capsicum red pigments were also studied.Results show that acetone is the optimum solvent better than other three solvents.Yield ratio of the product is 3.4% and the chroma reaches 132 under the condition of 50 minutes of extracting time and 1∶8 of material ratio.Stability of the capsicum red pigments decreases with the increase of temperature,and within the range from 30~70 ℃ the capsicum red pigments loses little while it loses a lot when the temperature increases higher than 70 ℃.Under conditions of alkali pH values have some negative effects on the capsicum red pigments while the influence is not much under acid and neutral pH conditions.


Since its publication in 2005,Water Dragon,a very readable and meaningful novel by Wang Yu,a Chongqing writer,has cast an extensive influence on readers.Making use of narrative theories,the writer of this article makes an overall analysis of the novel.Based on its borrowing and development of traditional chapter novels and its panoramic display of Chongqing's local folk culture,this article also analyzes the loss and gain of the writing,digging out the multi-enchantments of the novel and exploring the reasons why the novel is so favored by readers.


The invention relates to a plasticizing unit and injection for injection molding machines for the manufacture of rubber or plastic material, comprising a plasticating screw (13) rotating in a screw cylinder (14 ) and axially movable in a screw antechamber (5), whose end facing said screw antechamber (5) is equipped with a non-return system (27) movable in synchronism with said screw, in the direction of flow of the rubber material or plasticized plastic material, a filter screen (28) which completely covers the free cross-section for passage of the rubber material stream or plasticised plastics material being arranged upstream the non-return system (27) , so that it can be displaced in the screw antechamber (5), in synchronism with the plasticizing screw (13) and the non-return system (27).


The concept of the enemy stereotype, which is permanently present in colloquial, journalistic, and academic discussions, has not been scientifically analysed so far. In this article, an attempt to provide a definition of "the enemy stereotype" as an independent linguistic being has been made. The stages of this term taking shape in the political reality have also been presented. The article has strictly theoretical nature, and is based on scientific achievements in the fields of research related to stereotypes and hostility. In the author's opinion, the analysis of the phenomenon of stereotyping carried out from a sociological, psychological, and linguistic point of view is necessary. A reflection on the issue of hostility in general, and on the image of the enemy in political activities in particular is also fundamental.


It is common nowadays for consumers to customize their products according to their preferences
before purchasing. However, home customization is currently rarely adopted in Malaysia.
Custom homes are known as unique houses that are built for specific customers according to
their own preferences. These specially built houses allow users to have control over the layout
and design of their house so that each and every unit of the house will be different depending on
the client"s wants and needs. This is to ensure that the user"s needs are fulfilled and they will be
satisfied with their future house. All this would increase customer satisfaction and improve
usability of the new house. Therefore, this project endeavors to implement a website where
people can easily customize the internal layout and design of their house using a web application.
To implement this system, Unity3D is used to create the application. Upon completion, the
system will be evaluated for its usability through qualitative study.


Continuing trend toward deregulation has resulted in the need to assess what the impact of a particular generator or load is on the power system. A new method of tracing the flow of electricity in electrical networks is proposed which may be applied to assess how much of real and reactive power output from a particular generator goes to a particular load. It also allows the assessment of contribution of individual generators (or loads) to individual line flow. In this paper according to "who use, who pay", we use this method to break down the total generation and loss cost into components to be allocated to individual loads. This method can be useful in providing additional insight into power system operation and can be used to modifying existing tariffs of charging for generation services.


On the 24th of April 1980, the US military conducted Operation Eagle Claw that aimed to free 53 American citizens held hostage by an Iranian student terror organisation in the US embassy in Teheran ...


In this paper, we study completete monotonicity properties of the function $f_{a,k}(x)=\psi^{(k)}(x+a) - \psi^{(k)}(x) - \frac{ak!}{x^{k+1}}$, where $a\in(0,1)$ and $k\in \mathbb{N}_0$. Specifically, we consider the cases for $k\in \{ 2n: n\in \mathbb{N}_0 \}$ and $k\in \{ 2n+1: n\in \mathbb{N}_0 \}$. Subsequently, we deduce some inequalities involving the polygamma functions.


Method for measuring the wall thickness (D) of a pipe (1) in a tube rolling mill using the laser-ultrasonic method, in which by means of an excitation laser (2) in the surface of the tube (1) initiated an ultrasonic pulse and the reflected ultrasonic signal on the surface of is the tube (1) by means of a laser illumination (3) and an interferometer (4) is detected and evaluated in a subsequent evaluation unit (5), wherein the interferometer (4) comprises two mirrors (6, 7), by means of a linear actuator (8) (a) are positionable relative to one another in a predeterminable distance, and wherein for regulating the distance (a) of the mirrors (6, 7), a photodiode (9) by said mirrors (6, 7) measures transmitted light and measured the by the photodiode (9) signal directly or indirectly to a controller (10) is supplied, which acts on the linear actuator (8), characterized, that the signal measured by the photodiode (9) signal for stably controlling the mirrors (6, 7) in a predeterminable distance ...


Background:  Cervical cancer is the fourth cause of cancer deaths globally and is ranked in Kenya as the second cause of cancer-related deaths among females. Men are crucial in minimizing cervical cancer burden. This study sought to establish the socio-cultural and economic factors determining male involvement in their partner's cervical cancer screening in Makueni County, Kenya.
Methods: A mixed-method cross-sectional study was used to obtain quantitative and qualitative data from men using questionnaires. Participants were married men aged 18-64 who sought services at three mid-level rural hospitals in Makueni County. Three key Informant face-to-face interviews were conducted. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferences. Qualitative data was analyzed through codes and themes.
Results:  The study included 291 men. Men's involvement in their partner's cervical cancer screening was low. Only 18% of the participants showed high involvement. The participants' mean age was 38.59 (SD±10.51). Younger men (median age=33 years) were significantly more involved than their older counterparts (median age=38 years) (U=4363, p=0.020). The level of male involvement was strongly linked to the rural area of residence (p=0.001) and the hospital where the respondents were interviewed (p=0.012). Other determining factors included employment status (p=0.004), educational level (p=0.000, and spousal screening history (p=0.000). The odds of male involvement were higher in men who understood their role in cervical cancer screening than those who did not (OR=4.550, 95% CI [1.307, 15.844], p=0.017).
Conclusions: Male involvement in their partner's cervical cancer screening remains significantly low, and demographics and sociocultural factors are key to these poor trends.


Background: Supracondylar fractures of humerus are the most common elbow fractures seen in children. Objective: To describe the patients' condition and to evaluate the treatment and the outcome. Materials and method: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 40 consecutive patients with 40 displaced, supracondylar fractures of the humerus treated between January 2019 and December 2020, in Aden. The obtained data were sex, age, side of injury, time between injury and fixation, trial of reduction and complications. The collected data were tabulated and statistical analysis was done by estimating rates, means and standard deviations; Fisher test was used and p-value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. The statistical software package SPSS version 17 was used. Results: The total study patients were 40 patients. Twenty-one (52.5%) were males and 19 (47.5%) were females. The age of the patients ranged between 2 to 10 years and the mean age was 6.6 ± 2.1 years. Twenty-four (60%) had the fracture on the right arm, and 16 (40%) had on the left arm. All the patients underwent surgery within 24 hours of injury. The mean time was 8.1 ± 4.5 hours. There were 11 (27.5%) cases of once trial reduction, 14 (35%) of twice trial reduction and 15 (37.5%) of three times trial reduction. The average removal of K-wires was 3.55 weeks. Twenty-six (65%) patients were treated by III lateral K-wires fixation and 14 (35%) were treated by crossed K-wire fixation. Post-operatively, (17.5%) patients got neuropraxia in the crossed K-wire group (n = 14), and none in the III lateral K-wire group. Two (5%) patients got angulation, one in the crossed K-wire group (n = 14), and one in the III lateral K-wire group (n = 26). Cupitus varus was seen in 2 (5%) patients in the crossed K-wire group and 2 (5%) in the III lateral K-wire group. Stiffness was found in the III lateral K-wire group with 2 (5%) patients. Conclusion: The delay in surgical treatment may cause a number of complications. Key words: Treatment, supracondylar fracture, humerus, children, Aden


Background: During the past two decades the medial Patellofemoral ligament has come to the fore as the essential lesion of acute patella dislocation and its reconstruction in cases of chronic instability seems logical. The femoral insertion of the medial Patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) is key to the isometry or desired anisometry of the reconstruction. Radiographic landmarks for the femoral insertion has been described in literature most notably by Schottle et al. AJSM 2007. We examined the consistency of these landmarks of the femoral insertion of the MPFL. Methods: 24 unpaired knees of cadavaric specimen were dissected for the origin of the MPFL. A radiographic marker was then placed in the centre of the femoral attachment of the MPFL and a direct lateral X-ray obtained of the distal femur. The sweet spot was defined according to the landmarks described by Schottle et al and deviation from the sweet spot was measured. Results: The average distance from the centre of the described radiological centre of the MPFL was 5.4 mm. In six cases the ligament insertion was 5.6 mm distal to the ideal radiological centre. We did not find the origin of the MPFL to be a consistent radiological landmark due to a wide insertion of the ligament on the femur with a variable anisometric centre. We recommend dynamically testing the insertion site of the MPFL around a guide wire inserted into the femur instead of relying solely on the radiological position.


Phononic crystals are acoustic metamaterials designed to manipulate sound when its wavelength is in the order of magnitude of the crystal lattice constant. Metallic phononic crystals for use in water were assembled using commercially available stainless steel rods with an average superficial roughness Ra=0.5±0.5 µm, while Laser Powder Bed Fabrication, an additive manufacturing technique, was employed to produce similar Inconel 718 structures with Ra=20±6 µm. Experiments in the 150 – 500 kHz frequency range indicated that acoustic band gaps and negative refraction were present in both cases, with similar features. This indicates that Laser Powder Bed Fabrication is a promising method for realising such phononic crystals.


There has been an increasing need of highly predictable, timely, and dependable communication services with QoS guarantees on an end-to-end basis for embedded real-time applications and for multimedia-integrated distributed control. Performance objectives used in conventional networks-such as maximizing the throughput, minimizing the response time, or providing fairness to users-are not of the most important concern for both types of applications. Instead, resources should be appropriately reserved and managed to support quality of service (QoS) on an end-to-end basis, as well as application-specific tradeoffs among them. The main intent of this paper is thus to develop and demonstrate an environment an integrated set of networks resource management techniques, middleware layers, and network software-for supporting QoS on an end-to-end basis in ATM-based distributed real-time environments. We present an analytic QoS framework that incorporates a flow/QoS specification, a QoS translation/negotiation policy, an admission control facility, a route construction scheme, a resource reservation manager, a run-time message scheduler, and a traffic regulator and QoS monitor. Then, sue elaborate on the algorithms and mechanisms to implement these network components. To empirically analyze the interplay among different components, and the performance that results from careful coordination of all the components, we care currently implementing them as middleware layers in the Sun Solaris environment, and will comment in the paper our implementation strategies.


This paper proposes a versatile formula which can be used to evaluate the fire resistant time of steel beams under various design conditions. Towards this end, the key parameters which affect the fire performance of steel beams were first determined through thermo-mechanical considerations, and classified into two groups: structural parameters and thermal parameters. Then the degree of influence of each parameter on the fire performance was investigated through a fully coupled thermo-mechanical analysis up to the occurrence of run-away deflection. The accuracy of the numerical model used was verified using an available full-scale fire test before conducting an extensive parametric analysis. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to obtain the formula which can be used to predict the fire resistance time of steel beams under various design conditions. The statistical analysis showed that the proposed formula is very robust. The application of the formula in practical fire design under the current code was illustrated in detail. The economy and other advantages of the proposed formula were clearly shown.


Dysmenorrhea is the most common gynecological complaint that women experience, especially when entering their teens. This study was aimed to determine the effect of cinnamon (Cinnamomum Burmanni) aromatherapy by inhalation on the intensity of primary dysmenorrhea in female students of SMPN 1 Bekasi. The method used in this study is a quasi-experimental or quasi-experimental design which is an experimental activity aimed at seeing an effect or symptom that appears due to a certain treatment, using a sample of 30 samples. Of the 30 respondents, the average score before the intervention was 6.067 while after the intervention the average score was 3.100.


Cyclization of aldehyde-tethered cycloalkenones under conditions A) offers a convenient synthesis of spirocyclic γ-hydroxyketones which can be easily oxidized to the corresponding diones with PCC.


Soursop leaf tea is a health drink that contains steroid compounds, terpenoids, flavonoids, kumari, tannins, and alkaloids. The flavonoids and tannins in soursop leaves act as antioxidants. Since it has an unpleasant aroma, cinnamon is added to add scent and flavor. This study aimed to determine the effect of cinnamon powder on the soursop leaf tea's antioxidant activity. This study employed the completely randomized design method (CRD) with two factors: the soursop leaves and cinnamon powder concentrations. This study consisted of four treatments, namely SP0 (100% soursop leaves), SP1 (90% soursop leaves and 10% cinnamon powder), SP2 (80% soursop leaves and 20% cinnamon powder), and SP3 (70% soursop leaves and 30% cinnamon powder) within three repetitions. The proximate test was focused on antioxidant activity analyzed by ANOVA at α = 5%. The organoleptic test covered the color, taste, aroma, and other overall preferences by qualitative descriptive tests. The results showed that the highest antioxidant (29.19%) could be found in the SP3 sample (70% soursop leaves and 30% cinnamon powder), while the preferred organoleptic test was the SP2 sample.


In this paper,by analyzing the fixed assets management system and the characteristics of the actual situation, in order to put the database management system to achieve the fixed asset management, asset management advanced, visibility, security and so on. SQLServer2005 system for the platform, and configure the use of hand-held device.


The crystal structure of a sample of Be-bearing kornerupine, Cmcm , a 16.040(6), b 13.671(3), c 6.704(2) A, V 1470.1(8) A 3 , Z = 4, has been refined to an R index of 3.4% based on 1201 unique observed (| F o | > 4σ F ) reflections measured with graphite-monochromated Mo K α X-radiation. Prior to collection of the X-ray data, the crystal used was analyzed with an electron microprobe and SIMS to give the unit formula Na 0.014 Mg 3.452 Fe 2+ 0.169 Fe 3+ 0.234 Al 5.933 Be 0.200 B 0.430 Si 3.888 O 21 (OH), where B and Fe 2+ /Fe 3+ were derived according to the procedure established in the companion paper. Site-scattering refinement and stereochemical considerations show that Be is restricted to the T (3) site, which has the following site-population: 0.23 Si + 0.14 Al + 0.43 B + 0.20 Be. The presence of Be can be deduced directly from the results of crystal-structure refinement. The Be content derived by site-scattering refinement is in exact accord with the content analyzed by SIMS. Local bond-valence arguments suggest that there is extensive short-range order around the Be atom at the T (3) site, with the locally adjacent T (2) sites being occupied by Si.


Sustainability assurance programs seek clear definitions of 4R phosphorus practices that support continued improvement in both water quality and crop yields. Increasing phosphorus use efficiency is not enough. Site-specific practices addressing region-specific challenges are required.


Chronic hepatitis is often associated with neuropsychiatric disorders. Interferon (IFN) is the drug most widely used to treat this disease, and its side effects, such as depression, often involve t...


The aim of the work presented in this thesis was to reconstruct the minimal neural hardware that vertebrates use for goal-directed behaviour. By studying lamprey, one of the phylogenetically oldest vertebrates, we were able to identify the neural circuitry that has been conserved since jawed and jawless vertebrates diverged over 560 million years ago. Specifically we examined the conservation of the subcortical circuits involving the optic tectum, basal ganglia and habenula. These structures are responsible for steering, action selection and motivation in mammals. Optic tectum; this structure is essential for visually guiding purposeful movements to either avoid or approach objects of interest. Using a combination of tract tracing and stereology we demonstrated that the pattern of sensory innervation is conserved as the retinotectal connection in lamprey is arranged in a retinotopic. By analyzing the spatial arrangement between this retinotopic map and the underlying motor map (Saitoh et al., 2007) we revealed that optic tectum can guide lamprey towards or away from the source of visual input. This suggests that tectal circuits controlling both approach and avoidance were present at the dawn of vertebrate evolution and have subsequently been conserved. Furthermore, our result indicate that there are two independent retinal circuits in lamprey; one that may contact the photoreceptors directly and transmit information to the pretectum with a minimal delay for reflexive behaviours and another that contacts the image forming part of the retina (inner plexiform layer) that sends projections to the optic tectum to control goal-directed visual behaviours. Basal ganglia; these nuclei play a key role in action selection in mammals. We showed, using immunohistochemistry, tract tracing, and whole-cell recordings, that all parts of the mammalian basal ganglia (striatum, globus pallidus interna [GPi] and externa [GPe], and subthalamic nucleus [STN]) are present in the lamprey forebrain. In addition, the circuit features, molecular markers, and physiological activity patterns are conserved. Thus, GABAergic striatal neurons expressing substance P project directly to the pallidal output layer, whereas enkephalinexpressing striatal neurons project indirectly via nuclei homologous to the GPe and STN. These results show for the first time that both the "direct" and "indirect" pathways are present in a lower (anamniote) vertebrate. Our results suggest that this circuitry has been conserved in all vertebrates, most likely as a mechanism for action selection, for over 560 million years. Extending our analysis we revealed that the phylogenetically oldest basal ganglia include the pedunculopontine nucleus and a separate habenula projecting pallidal nucleus. This later nucleus differs from other pallidal nuclei, as its neurons project to a reward-related structure, are glutamatergic and differ from other pallidal neurons in their molecular expression, connectivity and electrophysiological properties. These results suggest that this nucleus may represent the output of a previously unappreciated pathway through the basal ganglia. Habenulae; the medial (MHb) and lateral (LHb) habenulae are a small group of nuclei that contribute to a range of cognitive and motor functions by regulating the neuromodulatory systems. Based on connectivity and molecular expression, we show that the MHb and LHb circuitry is conserved in the lamprey. As in mammals, neurons in the LHb homolog project indirectly to dopamine and serotonin neurons through a nucleus homologous to the GABAergic rostromedial mesopontine tegmental nucleus. This suggests that the LHb may exert an inhibitory influence on the neuromodulatroy systems to regulate reinforcement learning and motivation as it does in mammals. The efferents of the MHb homolog selectively target the interpeduncular nucleus, which in turn projects to regions involved in innate behavioral responses such as fight or flight. In contrast to mammals, the MHb afferents arise from sensory (medial olfactory bulb, parapineal, and pretectum) and not limbic areas. This suggests that the "context" in which this circuitry is recruited but not the role of the circuit may have changed during evolution. Our results indicate that the habenular nuclei provide a common vertebrate circuitry to adapt behavior in response to rewards, stress, and other motivating factors. ISBN 978-91-7457-852-2


In this paper, an improved intersection detection method is proposed by applying the VCS-based algorithm on the registered scans instead of the single scan. Both the registration and intersection detection approach are independent on Global Positioning System (GPS), Geographic Information System (GIS), Inertial Navigation System (INS) or other auxiliaries which have been extensively used in autonomous navigation. The novel registration method named VeloRegistration addresses the data registration problem and moving object detection simultaneously by introducing a tracking-classification operator into iterative matching process. The accurate and massive information generated by VeloRegistration enables us to cope with much more complicated intersection scenarios, especially there are dead zones caused by severe occlusion. Experimental validation including three real world data sets acquired in Wuhan, China substantiate the effectiveness and robustness of our approach in challenging urban scenarios.


In this paper explained about the Smith-Purcell radiation and it was examined by field emitter array (FEA) at optical wavelength of 350-750 nm range.


Abstract The present paper argues for a plurality of perceptions in understanding the nineteenth-century colonial encounter in Calcutta. While the colonised perceived the coloniser and the land of the coloniser largely through the literature that was made available to them under the new educational curriculum, the coloniser's perception was largely experiential. The sense of exile and alienation replaced the earlier perception of the highly romanticised notion of the east. In tracing the variety of voices and perceptions in nineteenth-century Calcutta, when talking about a phenomenon like the colonial encounter, one realises the inadequacy of labels like Westernisation, modernisation or indianisation. Calcutta in the nineteenth century can be best described as a city in transition; a city coming to terms with its existence as a result of cultural exchange and negotiation. Many of these transitional and ambivalent moments are voiced and can be perceived in the writings of this period.


Paul Vincent Briffa grew up in Malta during the second world war. He was a hardworking and ambitious student who went to extraordinary lengths at university to ensure he acquired as comprehensive a knowledge as possible in all subjects. While studying anatomy, he managed to obtain a human skeleton, which he articulated himself by using copper wire, and he painted by hand the origins and insertions of every muscle in the body.

As was the custom at the time in colonial Malta he moved to the UK after qualifying. He joined the British Army and obtained his commission as captain …


Current information systems are required to process complex digital objects, which are typically characterized by multiple descriptors. Since the values of many descriptors belong to non-sortable domains, they are effectively comparable only by a sort of similarity. Moreover, the scalability is very important in the current digital-explosion age. Therefore, we propose a distributed extension of the well-known threshold algorithm for peer-to-peer paradigm. The technique allows to answer similarity queries that combine multiple similarity measures and due to its peer-to- peer nature it is highly scalable. We also explore possibilities of approximate evaluation strategies, where some relevant results can be lost in favor of increasing the efficiency by order of magnitude. To reveal the strengths and weaknesses of our approach we have experimented with a 1.6 million image database from Flicker comparing the content of the images by five similarity measures from the MPEG-7 standard. To the best of our knowledge, the experience with such a huge real-life dataset is quite unique.


Guayule (Parthenium argentatum A. Gray) plants of USDA lines 11604,12229 and 11591 were subjected to irrigation regimes of 300,450, and 650 mm/per year and clipped at different ages over a period of several years. Survival, regrowth rates, biomass production, and rubber and resin accumulation in the plants after cutting at ground level were monitored. A survival rate of 92-100% was recorded in plants clipped in February (end of the dormant period) or October (just before the dormant period). In plants cut in summer (July) survival was less and presumably dependent on plant water status and age. No significant differences were evident among the different lines. The best plant development as determined by rate of height increase occurred in plants clipped in February. Total biomass production and total rubber yield (rubber or biomass at the time of cutting plus rubber or biomass at the second harvest) were lower in clipped than in unclipped plants. The reduction in rubber yield was most pronounced in plants...


FRET to examine the dynamics of the NMDA receptor specifically with respect to the cleft closure conformational change of the isolated agonist-binding domain of GluN1 when bound to ligands of varying efficacy. These studies reveal differences in the range of cleft closure states occupied by the agonist-binding domain with the antagonist DCKA-bound form and the full agonist glycine-bound form showing a large range of cleft closure states, while the partial agonists ACBC and L-alanine, as well as the full agonist D-serine, have a much narrower spread in their cleft closure states. Further analysis shows that the fractional occupancy of the isolated domain in cleft-closure states below a threshold does correlate with agonist efficacy, providing a link between agonist-binding domain dynamics, along with cleft closure, and channel activity.


There is a rich theory of maximal order types of well-partial-orders (wpos), pioneered by de Jongh and Parikh (1977) and Schmidt (1981). Every wpo is Noetherian in its Alexandroff topology, and there are more; this prompts us to investigate an analogue of that theory in the wider context of Noetherian spaces. The notion of maximal order type does not seem to have a direct analogue in Noetherian spaces per se, but the equivalent notion of stature, investigated by Blass and Gurevich (2008) does: we define the stature $||X||$ of a Noetherian space $X$ as the ordinal rank of its poset of proper closed subsets. We obtain formulas for statures of sums, of products, of the space of words on a space $X$, of the space of finite multisets on $X$, in particular. They confirm previously known formulas on wpos, and extend them to Noetherian spaces. The proofs are, by necessity, rather different from their wpo counterparts, and rely on explicit characterizations of the sobrifications of the corresponding spaces, as obtained by Finkel and the first author (2020). We also give formulas for the statures of some natural Noetherian spaces that do not arise from wpos: spaces with the cofinite topology, Hoare powerspaces, powersets, and spaces of words on $X$ with the so-called prefix topology. Finally, because our proofs require it, and also because of its independent interest, we give formulas for the ordinal ranks of the sobrifications of each of those spaces, which we call their sobrification ranks.


The article investigates the effectiveness of the machine learning algorithm for the classification of Internet traffic. The RF algorithm, which works by constructing many decision trees, is considered. The efficiency of the RF algorithm in the problems of application classification in the presence and absence of background network traffic is evaluated. A laboratory network of several computers was set up to collect the data needed for analysis. One of the computers was connected to the World Wide Web and a wireless access point was set up on its base. On the same computer, all the traffic passing through it was captured using Wireshark. Various applications were running on other computers connected to the access point. Web pages were viewed using Google Chrome and Opera browsers, using Skype, video calls were made, files were downloaded using the µTorrent torrent client, the Steam digital game distribution service was used, etc. The obtained data were stored in the PCAP format. To bring the obtained data in line with the requirements of the problem, the data was pre-processed. In the experiment, a random forest was constructed and the quality of classification on a given sample was assessed. The most acceptable parameters of the algorithm were selected experimentally. It is experimentally chosen that the forest consists of 5 trees with the maximum possible depth. The algorithm is most effective for data related to DNS traffic. In addition to checking the operation of the algorithm on the test sample, which has the same class composition as the training, the assessment of its quality was also carried out in the presence of background traffic, i.e. in the test sample there were copies of classes absent in the training sample.


The paper,by using "Input-Output Tables of China 2002" measures quantitatively the position and function of tourism industry to the development of national economy and puts forward corresponding policy suggestions.Study results are as follows:1.The push function of tourism industry is far larger than the pull function following the development of national economy.2.China's tourism industry exerts the largest pull capacity to transportation,hospitality industry and catering industry,but non-basic tourist consumption accounts for relatively low ratio,so China's tourist consumption still leaves more space for increase. 3.Tourism industry is a labor-intensive industry."Rural travel" can transfer a great number of rural labor forces.This will play an important role in building harmonious society and promoting the construction of new socialist countryside.4.Domestic travel in China accounts for 80% of the development of tourism industry,while international travel only accounts for 20%,so stress should be laid on the development of domestic tourism.


ABSTRACT China English, a term coined in 1980, is now widely recognised both inside and outside China as a developing variety of English loaded with characteristics of the Chinese culture and language. Using China English rather than the international variety enables the Chinese general public to retain their national and cultural identity and Chinese interpreters and translators to safeguard the national interest and dignity. For some, it is also a way of breaking the hegemony of English as a global language while establishing itself as a hegemonic discourse in its place. By discussing its development, theoretical foundations and application in the training and practice of translation and interpreting, this paper aims to uncover the ideological nature and implications of China English for the world.


The purpose of the work is to systematization and analysis of literature data reveals the organizational and methodological foundations of tourism and local lore work of schoolchildren, which are effective, efficient and very powerful means of educating a comprehensive and harmoniously developed creative personality of schoolchildren. The results of modern scientific research show that a significant amount of empirical and theoretical and methodological material has been accumulated, which shows that the use of various forms of tourism and local lore provides a comprehensive nature in the education, upbringing and rehabilitation of schoolchildren. The study of psychological and pedagogical foundations of tourist and local lore work is primarily related to improving the educational process of secondary school, systematization of content, forms and main tasks of tourist and local lore work of schoolchildren. On the basis of the conducted research it is established that tourist and local lore activity has an effective contribution to the development of personal potential of students; is an important direct extracurricular education and upbringing. It is aimed at involving children in active activities to study the history of the native land, environment, geography, historical places and phenomena of public life and the formation of a fully educated personality.


We provide a strong security notion for broadcast encryption, called adaptive security in the multichallenge setting (MA-security), where the adversary can adaptively have access to the key generation oracle and the encryption oracle many times (multichallenge). The adversary specially can query for the challenge ciphertexts on different target user sets adaptively, which generalizes the attacks against broadcast encryptions in the real world setting. Our general result shows that the reduction of the adaptive secure broadcast encryption will lose a factor of in the MA setting, where is the maximum number of encryption queries. In order to construct tighter MA-secure broadcast encryptions, we investigate Gentry and Water's transformation and show that their transformation can preserve MA-security at the price of reduction loss on the advantage of the underlying symmetric key encryption. Furthermore, we remove the -type assumption in Gentry and Water's semistatically secure broadcast encryption by using Hofheinz-Koch-Striecks techniques. The resulting scheme instantiated in a composite order group is MA-secure with constant-size ciphertext header.


Rate of tooth displacement under orthodontic loads has proven to be independent of force magnitudes. No finite element model (FEM) has been able to explain the underlying process of this phenomenon. The aim of this study was to analytically describe the initial response of periodontal ligament (PDL) by means of inverse kinematic modeling. The model was developed with reference to the experimental data for tooth translation along a straight line. The reaction of the PDL was assumed to derive from viscoelastic and complementary elements. The reaction force of the complementary element was calculated by solving the inverse kinematic problem. An algorithm of putative poroelasticity allowed the number of elements that participate in the reaction to increase in proportion to the orthodontic force. The simulation outcomes showed reasonable consistency with the measured data. The initial response of orthodontic retraction between the premolar and molar teeth was also simulated. The molar displacement was 91% of that of the premolar displacement. The results demonstrate that the inverse kinematic model is capable of analytical documentation of tooth displacement that is independent of the force magnitude.


Fast surface diffusion in reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) describes a complex phenomenon that exists in a narrow ditch region where the silica-tethered alkyl chains of the stationary ph...


Self-organization of charged particles on a two-dimensional lattice, subject to an anisotropic Jahn-Teller-type interaction and three-dimensional Coulomb repulsion, is investigated. In the mean-field approximation without Coulomb interaction, the system displays a phase transition of first order. In the presence of the Coulomb repulsion, the global phase separation becomes unfavorable and the system shows a mesoscopic phase separation, where the size of the charged regions is determined by the competition between the ordering energy and the Coulomb energy. The phase diagram of the system as a function of particle density and temperature is obtained by systematic Monte Carlo simulations. With decreasing temperature, a crossover from a disordered state to a state composed of mesoscopic charged clusters is observed. In the phase separated state, charged clusters with even number of particles are more stable than those with odd number of particles in a large range of particle densities. With increasing particle density at low temperatures, a series of crossovers between states with different cluster sizes is observed. Above half-filling, in addition to the low temperature clustering, another higher temperature scale, which corresponds to orbital ordering of particles, appears. We suggest that the diverse functional behavior observed in transition metal oxides can be thought to arise from the self-organization of this type.


Fe-sheathed MgB2 tapes were prepared by the in situ powder-in-tube technique using nanometre Si/N/C, SiC whiskers and SiC as doping materials, respectively. The doping effect on phase composition, microstructure and critical current properties was investigated. Heat treatment was performed at 650 °C for 1 h under an argon gas atmosphere. All the doped tapes were found to have significantly enhanced critical current density JC at 4.2 K in magnetic fields up to 14 T compared with their undoped counterparts. Moreover, the tapes doped with nano-SiC had the best pinning performance, while the SiC whiskers and Si/N/C powders showed a similar improved field dependence of JC compared to undoped samples. At 4.2 K and 10 T, JC for the nano-SiC doped samples increased by a factor of 32. Even for Si/N/C doped tapes, a 16-fold improvement in the magnetic field JC was observed. It is inferred that the different chemical properties of the Si and C elements in SiC, SiC whiskers and Si/N/C led to the JC–B difference.


To conduct the mainly active load current test duty according to IEC62271-103, a directly powered test circuit and therefore a medium voltage connection or a power generator is needed. A newly developed synthetic test circuit allows to replicate the current as well as the full transient recovery voltage (TRV) and the power frequent recovery voltage (RV) of the direct test circuit up to its crest value. It is dimensioned for voltage classes up to 52 kV and can be adapted to test currents between 630A and 1250A. The test circuit allows a detailed investigation of load break switches without costly high power sources and loads. Many parameters, like current and voltage steepness at current zero, as well as different parameters defining the TRV steepness can be varied individually.


This study was jointly sponsored by the three regional authorities operating in Dublin. It looks at the settlement patterns and distribution of economic activity in the region utilising new data including a comprehensive database of firms. It produced new data on commuting patterns showing that significant commuting to the city is now occurring from locations as much as 60 miles away. The study makes policy recommendations regarding clustering of settlement, urban density and other matters.


Accumulation and annealing of radiation defects (donor level Ev + 0.21 eV) in zone-floated p-Si crystals with boron concentration NB = 3 × 1013 to 2 × 1016 cm−3 irradiated (Tirr ≤ 50 °C) by electrons with different energies (Ee = 2.5 to 100 MeV) are studied by measurements of the Hall coefficient temperature dependences at different stages of irradiation and annealing (isothermal or 20 min isochronous). The introduction rate of defects studied is found to increase with increasing crystal doping level and bombarding electron energy but their concentration does not exceed that of doping impurity atoms (boron). The defects are annealed in the temperature range 350 to 400 °C with an activation energy ΔE0 =1.7 eV. Boron-divacancy complexes formed by successive trapping of irradiation-generated vacancies by substitutional boron are concluded to represent such defects.

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Research about the role of cooperatives in encouraging the capacity building of dairy farmers to achieve a feasible scale in Tandangsari KSU Pamulihan, Sumedang has been conducted from 2 nd Febuary 2015 until 7 th April 2015 at Cilembu village, Haurngombong village, and Mekarbakti village. The purpose of this research was to examine the role of cooperatives in promoting the capacity building of KSU Tandangsari's dairy farmers to achieve a worth scale of business and to know about the capacity building that has been done by dairy farmers in KSU Tandangsari to achieve a worth scale of business. This study uses a case study method with descriptive qualitative approach. The data collected through interviews. The Stages of the data analysis included data reduction, data presentation and a conclusion. Based on the results of the study indicated that the role of cooperatives in encouraging farmers to achieve a worth scale of business through the developi ng of the farmers' knowledge, facilitating financial capital for business development, supplying production materials, milk marketing and pricing policy. However, the main point of the farmers itself was the creativity in search for knowledge and take advantage of oppotunities,


Magnetic poly(styrene−methyl methacrylate-glycidyl methacrylate)/Fe3O4 nanospheres with epoxy groups were prepared by modified one-step mini-emulsion polymerization in the presence of Fe3O4 ferrofluids. The products were characterized by fourier-transform infrared spectrum, transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and vibrating sample magnetometer. After surface modification with diaminopropane, histidine was covalently linked to the amine group of magentic nanospheres using glutaraldehyde as crosslinker. Finally, the preliminary labeling study based on non-radioactive rhenium was carried out and the labeling efficiency reached 80.4%. Such magnetic nanospheres had promising potential in magnetically targeted radiotherapy of cancer.


The positions of the Charge Transfer (CT) and the 4f- 4fn-15d (fd) transitions of the trivalent rare-earth ions in CsCdBr3 are estimated using the Jorgensen and Dorenbos methods, respectively. The CT spectra of Sm3+, Eu3+, Tm3+ and Yb3+ and the f-d transitions of Pr3+ in CsCdBr3 were measured. Experimental and theoretical results are compared.


When solving the biharmonic equation for the classical two-dimensional Stokes flow in a wedge of angle α z.e (0, 2 π], the no-slip condition on the wedge yields the well-known and much-used transcendental eigenvalue equation where λ is a real or complex constant whose value is intimately interwoven in the construction of the solutions of the aforementioned biharmonic equation. We present novel analytical studies of the solutions of this eigenvalue equation which lead to explicit small-parameter expansions for λ We subsequently reveal the hitherto unseen global geometry of these solutions, which admit interesting bifurcatory behaviour.


Many, if not all, philosophers have the idea that a (technical) philosophical investigation is a kind of investigation which yields information about the existence or nature of things. W. V. Quine has said: "The question what there is is a shared concern of philosophy and most other non-fiction genres."! G. E. Moore has stated that "the most important and interesthing which philosophers have tried to do is no less than this; namely: To give a general description of the whole of the Universe ... "2 It should be added that the philosopher's conCern with what there is is not, it would seem, confined exclusively to questions about what exists in this, the actual, universe. According to some philosophical logicians, the introduction of "modal operators" and the use of terms called "rigid designators" extend the philosopher's (non-fictional) domain of discourse to include other possible universes, or worlds, and their contents. Modal operators, writes A. O. Rorty, can be thought of "as giving us information about the states of affairs across the range of possible worlds." Saul Kripke defines a "rigid designator" as a term which picks out one and the same individual across all possible worlds in which that individual exists." Wittgenstein has remarked that a philosophical problem is


The purpose of the paper is to quantitatively calculate the level of deviation of urban land use system from the optimal state and the potential of urban land use with the coordination degree model.Methods employed include model and positive analysis.The results indicate that the coordination degree of urban land use in Dalian City is basically orderly,the development is moderate and there are some potentials to be used.The development of the economic and social subsystems are slow relatively however and shall be regarded as the focuses of the improvement in future land use.It is concluded that the model of urban land use system with coordinating and potential degree has high reliability and practicability in evaluating urban land use system.


By methods of literature questionnaire and interview,the charm of 9-people volleyball in Hainan was stud ied both in the city and the village.The results showed that 9-people volleyball in Hainan have the cultural characteris tic of regionality,ornamentality,collectiveness,competetion,flexibility and simplicity,which can increase the sports pop ulation,promote national fitness,enrich cultural construction in countryside and campus,advance the development of sports industry and competitive volleyball.


The present invention relates to a method for preparing optically pure amino alcohol hydrochloride, wherein the optically pure amino alcohol hydrochloride of optically pure amino alcohol is selected from a hydrochloride, optically pure amino alcohol hydrochloride of any one of 2, ring-opening esterification reaction of the compound 4, the amino-protecting reaction, the reduction reaction of the ester and deprotection salt formation reaction. Prepared by the invention an optically pure amino alcohol hydrochloride and the synthesis of optically pure 1-amino-2-ol hydrochloride was used directly in the Kaba Wei and abacavir. Preparation process of the present invention has a high optical purity of the product and stable quality, high yield, less environmental pollution, low production cost, easy industrial advantages.


Seasonal water use data are presented for 4-year-old Pyrus serotina Rehder cv. Hosui growing in drainage lysimeters and trained onto a Tatura trellis. Weekly water use (WU) was calculated using the mass balance approach. For 8 consecutive weeks during late summer, instantaneous WU was also measured by the compensation heat-pulse technique for measuring sap flow. Although good agreement was found between the two methods for 4 weeks after probe installation, discrepancies increased after this time. Water use was highest in early to mid-January in New Zealand, averaging ≈8 liters/ tree per day, or 2 liters·m -2 canopy surface area/day. Total water use over the growing season was 1070 liters/tree, or 245 liters·m -2 canopy surface area. The correlation coefficient between weekly WU and evaporation from a nearby Class A pan was 0.81 for the season. Weekly crop coefficients thus calculated for the well-watered trees ranged from 0.15 to 0.55 and 0.20 to 0.83 when calculated using canopy surface area and projected ground area, respectively. Low values were due to low values of canopy leaf area early in the season. Withholding irrigation during three periods resulted in a gradual decline in water use. Water-stressed trees had a lower predawn water potential than fully irrigated trees. This pattern was followed by a more-rapid decline during the morning, and a slower recovery during late afternoon and early evening. Midday leaf water potential never fell below -2.5 MPa.


Measuring the performance of communication channels is very critical for service availability, service performance sustainability, as well as quality of service in telecommunication Networks. One of the key metrics is the Bit Error Performance (BER), which is measured using complex and expensive instruments, and bit error detecting correcting codes (EDC) embedded in the signal of the information channel. However, EDCs are although indispensable for their bit error correcting ability, require many frames of information to provide a good statistical BER value for each channel.

In this lecture, we describe a statistical analytical method based on which we estimate synchronously the performance parameters of all incoming communication channels in microseconds and thus in real-time. This method provides estimation of BER, SNR, NF, Q, and min-max signal levels of current and previous values. In addition, we describe the realization of the method with a simple CMOS circuit. We also describe the benefits of the method and compare with well-established methods.


(57) Abstract: a plurality of the adjacent teeth A system for supplying a substance to whiten teeth, flexible piece of material having sufficient flexibility to form a curved over multiple adjacent teeth and dispensing system containing a substance to whiten teeth. The material piece, when the feed system is placed, permanent deformation without, can readily adapt to the tooth surface and tooth and space of the tooth. Substances whitening teeth when the delivery system is placed on the tooth surface, the material is in contact with the surface, to provide the active ingredient on its surface, it is applied to the material piece. The material also becomes an adhesive attachment between the material piece and the surface for a time sufficient active ingredient it is possible to act on the surface to hold the delivery system in its position. Supply method, either pre coating process the material strip, the wearer is applied to a substance to the material piece, then comprises applying a supply system to the tooth surface.


At present,VFI and ODAC are some of hottest technology,they come from design of a information system,and also push the new generation information system to develop.The article introduces features and using methods,illustrates some application examples of VFI and ODAC,points out that these technologies are used for designing a information system.


The publicly traded market is very unstable because of that and of how little discussion on the topic there is available to the general public only a small number of people feel confident to invest in the stock market. Based on this, the objective of this study is to present to the reader an Operational Research methodology capable of minimizing the risks involved in this type of investment and making the whole process much easier. Thus, a linear programming model that consists of three stages will be developed: identification of the decision variables, form for entering and the editing constraints. Once this is done, the model will be presented in a fictitious case where a client seeks help from a financial advisor to invest his or her money in stocks. This client has already pre-selected 10 shares in which he or she is considering to invest, but he does not know how. Therefore, this client's applications will be simulated by Excel in three different scenarios: conservative risk, moderate risk, and aggressive risk. The objective of the model will be profit maximization and, using the Solver tool, the best possible solution will be proposed in each of the risk profiles, so that the client can invest with assertiveness.


Culture of hamster embryos with 0.35 mM inorganic phosphate results in developmental arrest at the 2‐cell stage. These arrested 2‐cell embryos were found to have significantly elevated levels of both intracellular pH and intracellular free calcium. Culture of 2‐cell embryos with both glucose and phosphate did not further alter intracellular ionic homeostasis. Developmental arrest of 2‐cell embryos was dependent on the concentration of phosphate used. Culture with 1.25 μM phosphate did not alter development, while concentrations of 2.5 μM and 5.0 μM resulted in a percentage of embryos arresting development at the 2‐cell stage. Analysis of intracellular levels of pH and calcium after culture with different phosphate concentrations revealed a significant negative correlation between intracellular calcium levels and development beyond the 2‐cell stage. There was no correlation between the increase in intracellular pH and embryo development in the presence of phosphate. The increase in intracellular calcium levels after culture with phosphate appears to be derived from intracellular pools, as preventing the influx of extracellular calcium did not alter development beyond the 2‐cell stage. Therefore, it is apparent that a disruption in ionic homeostasis is associated with developmental arrest of hamster embryos cultured with phosphate. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 54:410–417, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


One important clinical and experimental observation has long been accepted, namely, that acute obstruction in the proximal small bowel, duodenum or jejunum is more rapidly followed by serious symptoms and death than acute obstruction lower down, in the ileum or the colon. This has been variously explained. It has seemed possible to various workers that in addition to other possible factors, this might be correlated with the susceptibility of the wall of the bowel to interference with its circulation by the distention usually resulting from the obstruction. Some years ago, we 1 stated: Organs, such as the colon or stomach, which have in part a storage function are capable of very great distention without injury by reason of the arrangement of their blood supply. On the other hand, the small intestine, especially the duodenum, is capable of practically no dilatation. By reason of its investment in a tough, fibrous envelope


Carol A. Mullen is assistant professor of education at Auburn University. A BOVE THE ENTRANCEWAY OF A COVERED BRIDGE is written, "Cross this bridge at a walk." Single travelers on horseback surely were tempted to race through the bridge, but we could not hurry this process. Change takes time. Crossing at a walk slowed us down, allowing time for conversation and reflection. (Newton, Nash, & Ruffin, 1996, p. 84)


In this paper, an approximate solution for a complex queueing network is proposed. The queueing network is an open network with N G/G/m queueing stations with arbitrary? interconnections. Different...


A mixture of [HB(3,5-(CF3)2Pz)3]Ag(eta 2-toluene) and [(Me)2ATI]GeCl in CH2Cl2, rather than undergoing metathesis, formed a 1:1 adduct [HB(3,5-(CF3)2Pz)3]Ag<--GeCl[(Me)2ATI] (1, where [HB(3,5-(CF3)2Pz)3] = hydrotris(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)pyrazolyl)borate and [(Me)2ATI] = N-methyl-2-(methylamino)troponiminate) featuring a silver-germanium bond. Solutions of 1 (in CH2Cl2 or toluene) did not precipitate AgCl even after several days. However, it easily underwent metathesis with CF3SO3Ag, leading to the chloride-free product [HB(3,5-(CF3)2Pz)3]Ag<--Ge(OSO2CF3)[(Me)2ATI] (2). Compounds 1 and 2 were characterized by X-ray crystallography. The Ag-Ge bond distances of 1 and 2 are 2.4215(9) and 2.4116(10) A, respectively.


able to follow the well-crafted flow of the argument. For readers who want to explore more, very comprehensive notes and reference sections provide a valuable bibliographic map that allows the text to remain unencumbered by clunky inline citation or footnoting. Bekoff is a seasoned ethologist whose work explores the role of play in animal sociality, while Pierce is a broad-thinking philosopher grounded in bioethics. Their collaboration has produced a valuable and provocative volume with the potential to promote a deeper understanding of animal morality, including the morality of our own species. Christopher X. Jon Jensen, Mathematics & Science, Pratt Institute, Brooklyn, New York


The article deals with the problems of philosophical basis of historical anthropology in the context of social ontology and phenomenology of things. The subject of the analysis supports the «otherness of things» as the representation and manifestation of the lifeworld.


This paper overviews a theoretical and practical design issue related to the wireless recharge system. It verifies a mathematical method for identifying the transfer time for the wireless transfer system using a functional prototype and concerning the speed movement of the receiver face the transmitter. The accurate analysis tries to define the static and dynamic model relation and parameters. The influence of the speed value in this system is depicted inside the given model. The main objective of this work is to express the dynamic model of the wireless charger system (wr) and defines the related parameters. The results try to prove the relationship between the outputted power and the car's speed.


Terahertz imaging and dielectric property measurements were assessed as nondestructive evaluation techniques for damage to aircraft glass fiber composites. Samples with localized heat damage showed a minimal change in refractive index or absorption coefficient; however, material blistering was detected. Voids were located by terahertz imaging using amplitude and phase techniques. Delamination depths were approximated by measuring the timing of Fabry‐Perot reflections. Evidence of bending stress damage and simulated hidden cracks was also detected with terahertz imaging.


Liming in mythological township of yulong county northeast,lisu,naxi,yi is white,pumi,such minority region indo-malaysia,rich tourist resources,high value,the basic condition of developing tourism,due to the tourism facilities deficiency,tourism products,the community residents income low,prompting the dawn of tourism development,in order to guarantee the embarrassing into poverty in instructing tourism,ecological environment protection,to adjust the premise of tourism development strategy.


Experimental and theoretical results of investigation of the Vivaldi antenna in the pulsed mode of operation are presented. Antenna power directive gain and efficiency of feeder system are calculated as a function of Gaussian pulse duration exciting the system. Experimental results on registration of received pulse time dependences in the communication channel consisting of two identical antennas are shown.


The article is built upon a historical study of the establishment of an early form of school ("Hjalpskolan") in the Nordic countries. It is shown that in the public educational discussion in the be ...


Abstract For a SME (small and medium-size enterprise) to operate competitively in an international and local market, it is necessary for it to deal with its tasks in an efficient and practical way; this can be achieved by the systematic analysis of the undertaken tasks in relation to the company's organizational and economical ability for their completion. The author suggests in this paper that the assessment of such an implementation depends on a firm's intention to use the ERP system to achieve strategic goals. The author discusses the issue of the Balance Scorecard method being used to assess the impact of an ERP system implementation on the performance of a small service enterprise. Using a research results, the author illustrates the possibility to assess the implementation of an ERP system in the small enterprises.


1. We have previously shown that an antigenic site (site 1) in native lysozyme resides around the disulphide bond 6-127 and, by classical synthesis of nine disulphide peptides, the antigenic site was accurately narrowed down to the structure Cys(6)-Arg(14)-[Cys(6)-Cys(127)]-Gly(l26)-Arg(128). Only a few residues on this disulphide peptide were proposed to be involved in the reactivity with antibody. However, this lacked direct verification and the role of Arg-128 remained uncertain. 2. In the present work, several peptides were designed and synthesized by the surface-simulation concept devised in our laboratory. These enabled the precise definition of the site as well as the investigation of its conformational and directional requirements. 3. The results showed that the antigenic site (site 1) is made up of the spatially contiguous surface residues: Arg-125, Arg-5, Glu-7, Arg-14, Lys-13. The surface-simulation synthetic peptide Arg-Gly-Gly-Arg-Gly-Glu-Gly-Gly-Arg-Lys (which does not exist in native lysozyme, but copies a surface region of it) accounted entirely for the maximum expected reactivity of the site (i.e. about one-third of the total antigenic reactivity of lysozyme). An immunoadsorbent ofthe peptide also removed about one-third of the total lysozyme antibodies. 4. The antigenic site exhibited restricted conformational freedom, The achievement of the full reactivity of the site by surface-simulation synthesis requires the appropriate choice of spacer separation between its reactive residues. The surface-simulation;synthetic Identical results were obtained with immunoadsor- bents prepared by p-benzoquinone activation. The value for percentage of antibody bound is corrected for the amount of label bound in the control experi-ment. The 'control' value is the average of control experiments (each set up in duplicates) using glycine-Sepharose, histidine-Sepharose and myo- globin-Sepharose. Also, another set of controls was used with 1251-labelled non-immune goat IgG. The amount of non-specific background binding in the various controls ranged between 1 and 3% of the total label applied (for details, see the text). The amount of antibody applied on each immuno- adsorbent was 75600c.p.m.


Current challenges in the areas of health care, environmental protection, and, especially, the mobility transition have introduced a wide range of applications for specialized high-performance materials. Hence, this paper presents a novel approach for designing materials with flame spray pyrolysis on a lab scale and transferring the synthesis to the pulsation reactor for mass production while preserving the advantageous material properties of small particle sizes and highly specific surface areas. A proof of concept is delivered for zirconia and silica via empirical studies. Furthermore, an interdisciplinary approach is introduced to model the processes in a pulsation reactor in general and for single material particles specifically. Finally, facilities for laboratory investigations and pulsation reactor testing in an industrial environment are presented.


The article is devoted to the analysis of the procedure for the mutual recognition of qualifications and diplomas in the EU, which aims to remove any national obstacles to the implementation by EU business entities of the freedom of business foundation and the freedom to provide and receive services. The author substantiates that the mutual recognition of qualifications as a condition for the functioning of the freedom to provide services is based on the following basic principles. This is the principle of "mutual trust", which consists in the fact that a member state cannot restrict the freedom of business foundation of the EU business entity only on the basis of the need for a national qualification to carry out certain professional activities in this country but should provide conditions for the recognition of the qualifications of EU business activities. As well as the principle of equality in which the member state where the services are provided has the right to regulate professional requirements exclusively without discrimination based on citizenship and also does not have the right to establish restrictions that impede the receipt of services by citizens of other EU member states.


The recording capacity of GIGAMO media was enlarged from 1.3 GB to 2.3 GB for 3.5 inch Magneto-Optical (MO) disks while maintaining downward compatibility. For the new GIGAMO technology, a land and groove recording method was applied in addition to magnetically induced super resolution (MSR) media. Furthermore, a novel address format suitable for the land and groove recording method was adopted. The specifications of the new GIGAMO media were examined to satisfy requirements for practical use with respect to margins. Durability of more than 10 6 rewritings and an enough lifetime were confirmed.


ed symbols and representations meant. Students' individual practice followed his lecturing. Ways in Which Technology Was Used Simon pulled out a number line on his laptop screen by using GSP and his laptop screen was projected onto the dry erase white board through the DLP projector. He also used the document camera system to project the textbook, handouts, and notes onto the white board to make sure where the students were and what were the given problems for them. In this lesson, he used tools to enhance his writing and drawing. His tool use was pedagogically meaningful, but not mathematically meaningful. He used GSP simply to draw a number line. However, he could have used GSP to help students' become aware of their misconceptions or explore the mathematical concepts, in ways similar to activities Simon had experienced in EMAT 3500. In the personal conversation, he said to me that he was teaching this course for the first time and did not have enough time to think about incorporating technology for teaching. I considered that his limited use of GSP was mainly due to this being his first time teaching the class. Observation day 2 (9/5) Mathematical Topic On this day, I observed two classes. The topics of his Algebra II class were writing equations of lines (homework review) and correlation and best fitting lines. Finding derivatives was the topic in his calculus class.


Keeping good plate shape is very important in hot strip production.The basic knowledges of plate shape including the concept of plate shape and its calculation,and the problems existing in plate shape control in production are introduced.The control strategy and factors that affect plate shape are discussed.And to the faults resulting from steel strip temperature,the strategy to get good plate shape by laminar flow cooling is introduced.From the angle of prevention,the control method of plate shape is explained.And a kind of wave plate shape control method in strip steel actual production is introduced,PC setting actual application effect and the specific process of control method.


we applied quick lime in the soil of continuous cropping tobacco fields,and explored its effects on the yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco leaves,the diversity of rhizospheric soil microorganisms of flue-cured tobacco,as well as the activity of rhizospheric soil enzymes.The results showed that:in a degree,using different quantities of quick lime could improve the production value and average price of tobacco leaves,as well as the proportion of middle-class and first-class tobacco leaves,and using quick lime at the dosage of 900 kg/hm2had the best effect.The results of BIOLOG analysis indicated that using 900 kg/hm2quick lime did best to the growth of the microorganisms which lived on polymers,saccharides,amino acids and amines.Moreover,along with the increase in the diversity of rhizospheric microorganisms,the activity of rhizospheric soil enzymes also increased significantly.Therefore,properly using quick lime could improve the rhizospheric micro-ecological environment of flue-cured tobacco,promote the growth of tobacco leaves,and enhance the quality of tobacco leaves.


In order to meet the social demand for talents of digital design and manufacturing technology, promote teaching reform with engineering practice, explore a teaching system based on digital technology and centered on students, this paper understands the informatization connotation of manufacturing industry based on the integrated teaching platform of PDM digital design and manufacturing technology so as to plan teaching system for practical courses of engineering subjects, practical teaching procedure as well as management mode. Besides, each separated technology involved in the development of digital products should be combined with related courses in the major of mechanical design and manufacturing as well as automation by strengthening comprehensive practice with the digital development of new products as the main stream so as to establish a new cultivation mode suitable for digital design and manufacturing environment. Keywords-digital design and manufacture; practical


AlGaAs double‐heterostructure diode lasers have been fabricated for the first time on a monolithic GaAs/Si substrate. The heterostructure was prepared by growth of a series of GaAs and AlGaAs layers on a Ge‐coated Si wafer. For pulsed operation at 77 K the lowest threshold current was 260 mA, the highest power output was 1.8 mW per facet, and the highest differential quantum efficiency was 1.2%.


The invention provides a graphic conversion method, a mobile terminal and a OCR server, wherein, the method includes the following steps: the digital camera integrated in the mobile terminal shoots the graphic information required; the mobile terminal transmits the graphic information to the OCR server; the OCR server analyzes the graphic information and completes the graphic conversion; and the mobile terminal receives a character string and the data relevant to the character string converted. The invention is applicable to a variety of special (for example, languages of any countries or irregular scheduling, etc.), and complex graphics or graphics including a large amount of data to realize precise and rapid conversion or translation. The flexibility and accuracy of the method facilitates users to capture the favorite pictures to carry out the real-time conversion or translation, thus greatly enriching the lives of users.


From the Publisher:
Informative and interesting, this comprehensive reference provides state-of-the-art information from practitioners and researchers in the field of team technology. Together they analyze the ways that technology can support group work, while placing the situations in worldwide perspective.


PURPOSE
The impact of adding vinblastine to a 4-month chemotherapy regimen, based on the Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster 90 protocol, in childhood high-risk anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL) was assessed.

PATIENTS AND METHODS
Children and adolescents with high-risk ALCL, defined by mediastinal, lung, liver, spleen, or skin involvement, were eligible for the trial. After a prephase and one chemotherapy course, patients were randomly assigned to receive either five further chemotherapy courses without vinblastine or the same regimen with one vinblastine injection (6 mg/m(2)) during each course followed by weekly vinblastine to complete a total of 1 year of treatment. The primary end point was event-free survival (EFS), analyzed on the intent-to-treat population.

RESULTS
Between November 1999 and June 2006, 110 patients were randomly assigned to receive vinblastine, and 107 were randomly assigned not to receive vinblastine. Median follow-up was 4.8 years. Patients in the vinblastine arm had a significantly reduced risk of events during the first year (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.31; 95% CI, 0.15 to 0.67; P = .002) followed by an increased risk thereafter (HR = 4.98; 95% CI, 1.65 to 15.0; P = .003). Consequently, EFS at 1 year differed significantly (91% in the vinblastine group v 74% in the no-vinblastine group), with no difference at 2 years (73% and 70%, respectively). Overall EFS curves did not differ significantly (HR = 0.91; 95% CI, 0.55 to 1.5; P = .71). Thirty-one percent of weekly doses of vinblastine were reduced as a result of hematologic toxicity, although vinblastine was discontinued for toxicity in only three patients.

CONCLUSION
Adding vinblastine during induction and as maintenance for a total treatment duration of 1 year significantly delayed the occurrence of relapses but did not reduce the risk of failure.


Abstract The 12–13 June 2002 convective initiation case from the International H2O Project (IHOP_2002) field experiment over the central Great Plains of the United States is simulated numerically with the Advanced Regional Prediction System (ARPS) at 3-km horizontal resolution. The case involves a developing mesoscale cyclone, a dryline extending from a low center southwestward with a cold front closely behind, which intercepts the midsection of the dryline, and an outflow boundary stretching eastward from the low center resulting from earlier mesoscale convection. Convective initiation occurred in the afternoon at several locations along and near the dryline or near the outflow boundary, but was not captured by the most intensive deployment of observation instruments during the field experiment, which focused instead on the dryline–outflow boundary intersection point. Standard and special surface and upper-air observations collected during the field experiment are assimilated into the ARPS at hourly inte...


827 Commentary—Parthasarathy pertaining to sleep medicine are all worthy of praise. Moreover, their data stratified for gender suggesting obese men and underweight women as the drivers for the "U" shaped curved relationship between body mass index and prescription rates merits much attention. Specifically, such relationship parallels the previously reported U-shaped association between mortality and body mass index.6 While some may attribute such a relationship to being mere markers for underlying disease, the probability for a causal connection should not be ignored.7,8 The greater mortality rates driven by obese men with greater likelihood of sleep disordered breathing receiving sedatives cannot be ignored, but this area needs much more research. For example, there are some studies suggesting a dose-response relationship between severity of sleep disordered breathing and risk for motor vehicle accidents in patients with as yet undiagnosed sleep apnea who are receiving sedative medications.9,10 Interestingly, in one of these studies there was a trend for patients with sleep apnea to be more likely to receive sedative medications than controls.10 How do we then determine if there are adverse consequences to sedative prescription practices? Unfortunately, randomized controlled trials to determine the adverse effects are not going to be performed for obvious ethical reasons. Also, the adverse effect profiles derived from clinical trials of sedative medications are less likely to yield valuable information, considering that they are limited in time and are tailored towards specific populations that are less susceptible to such adverse consequences. Moreover, such patients are closely monitored and counseled on the side effect profile when they participate in clinical trials. Consequently, the adverse events reported during clinical trials are less likely to detect the potential for harm as opposed to when the medications are prescribed "offlabel" once they are available in the open market. The answer lies in building on the work of Vozoris and Leung.5 Specifically, performing "real-world" comparative-effectiveness research by comparing mortality or other patient outcomes in disease registries that reside in the electronic data warehouses of integrated healthcare systems should be considered. While the study by Vozoris and Leung correlated the findings across the decade of data collection, they were unable to link such information to individual patient records or vital status records that would provide the healthcare utilization and mortality variables, respectively. The data infrastructure and charter for comparative effectiveness research was responsive to this very need and aimed to not only assess the relative benefits, but also to ascertain the relative harms of therapies.11 Conceivably, comparing mortality outcomes in patients with insomnia rePharmacovigilance was defined by the World Health Organization as the science and activities relating to the detection, assessment, understanding, and prevention of adverse effects or any other possible drug-related problem.1 Pharmacovigilance superseded the rather benign sounding phrase "drug monitoring" and places more emphasis on early detection and prevention of drug-related adverse consequences. While pharmacovigilance can be traditionally thought of as detecting adverse events related to side effects of medications, pharmacovigilance can also be applied to treatment failure, which can be gleaned from data mining information that ties prescription benefits with health care utilization.2 One such example applies to therapeutic failure of macrolide antibiotics in respiratory infections that led to increased healthcare utilization, and was derived from analyses conducted on an integrated health-informatics database involving over 300,000 lives.2 Alternatively, astute observations derived from published data led Topol and colleagues to uncover the association between rofecoxib (Vioxx) and myocardial infarction that was supported by biological plausibility.3 Prescription trends with such medications spiked in certain susceptible populations that were engendered by marketing campaigns and direct consumer advertising.4 Therefore the triangulation between prescription trends, targeted yet susceptible populations, and biological plausibility for potential harm can be considered as cornerstones of pharmacovigilance. In line with such purpose, in this issue of SLEEP, Vozoris and Leung raise our awareness to the rising trend in prescription practices for sedative medications.5 Moreover, they alert us to the fact that certain populations that are susceptible to the adverse effects of sedatives—such as morbidly obese men— are experiencing greater odds of sedative use and allude to the biological plausibility of potential harm.6 There are other strengths to the work by Vozoris and Leung5 that deserve close attention. The large sample size (nearly 400,000 participants) and high response rates to the questionnaire, the longitudinal study design (spanning prescription trends over a decade), adjustment for various known covariates, and the innovation in tapping an available health database to answer questions COMMENTARY


This research attempts to identify the livestock industry in Musi Rawas Regency that can be improved. The Location Quotient (LQ) approach assesses which livestock industry leads and which is not. Secondary data from the Central Statistics Agency and the Department of Agriculture and Livestock in Musi Rawas Regency in 2019 were combined with primary data from farmer interviews. The findings revealed that six were the most popular of the nine livestock sectors: beef cattle, buffalo, goats, sheep, native chickens, ducks/ducks, dairy cattle, pigs, and broilers. The other three, dairy cattle, pigs, and broilers, were non-seeded animals


In their new study, Claudia Cavadas and her group have discovered that the key to this diet appears to be its ability to increase autophagy – the mechanism that recycles unwanted molecules in the cells, thereby avoiding malfunction in the hypothalamus, which has just been identified as the "control centre" for ageing. They also have identified the molecule that controls the process. It's called neuropeptide Y (NPY), and its discovery raises the possibility that NPY could be used to develop techniques to control aging instead of just treating its consequences, like we do now.


In this paper,according to the experience of the application development the author summarizes several dataexchanging methods among the databases of Access,Foxpro,dBASE and Oracle with the technologies of ODBC,ADO,and BDE.Then the author explains updating method from singlelayer to doublelayer with the DELPHI development tool.


We derive the low-energy electroweak effective lagrangian for the case of additional heavy, unmixed, sequential fermions. Present LEP1 data still allow for the presence of a new quark and/or lepton doublet with masses greater than $M_Z/2$, provided that these multiplets are sufficiently degenerate. Keeping in mind this constraint, we analyse the virtual effects of heavy chiral fermions in $e^+ e^- \raw W^+ W^-$ process at energies $\sqrt{p^2} = 200,~500,~1000$ GeV, provided by LEP2 and Next Linear Collider. The effects will be unobservable at LEP2, being smaller than $3.0\cdot 10^{-3}$, while more interesting is the case of NLC, where an enhancement factor, due to a delay of unitarity, gives deviations from SM of the order 10-50 per cent, for a wide range of new fermions masses.


How do we imagine these sensory qualities being instantiated in experiences? Clearly, on Clark's account, for a sensory quality to be instantiated in an experience is for the brain to occupy a certain state. The question then becomes how the brain's states count as realizing the relevant quality space, so that any one state can be mapped onto a location in that space. Well, there are two possibilities. First, if brain states maintained relations of similarity that respected the topology of the color quality space, that would justify mapping individual states onto their respective locations in that space. But of course that isn't likely, or what I imagine Clark has in mind. There isn't going to be any well-defined notion of neural similarity that will


Background Corticosteroids are frequently prescribed in patients with advanced cancer for a wide range of indications. Many undesirable adverse effects are frequently reported including steroid-induced hyperglycaemia. For patients commenced on corticosteroids, without prior diagnosis of diabetes, twice weekly monitoring of capillary blood glucose(BM) is advised. Previous studies have shown poor documentation of indication, monitoring and side-effects of corticosteroids in a palliative setting. Aims Primary Aim Within 3 months, 90% of patients treated with steroids in Roxburghe House (RH) will be screened for hyperglycaemia with twice weekly BM monitoring. Secondary Aim Within 12 months, 90% of steroid prescriptions in RH will have documented weekly re-assessment. Methods The Plan Do Study Act method of quality improvement was used. Baseline data was collected for all inpatients in December 2016 from medical notes and medication administration charts(Kardex). Documentation of indication, PPI prescription, twice weekly BM, evidence of re-assessment and response was reviewed. Baseline data was re-collected following interventions over 12 months. Interventions: A new steroid form was created with input from all grades of medical staff. Form revised and re-printed on brightly coloured paper. Education given to nursing and medical staff about steroid-induced hyperglycaemia. Reminders displayed in doctors' room. Senior charge nurse implemented set days for BM monitoring. Progress discussed at quality meeting. Included in junior doctors' induction. Patients on corticosteroids highlighted in doctors' room board. Results Between 45–76% of inpatients were prescribed corticosteroids. Documentation of BM monitoring improved from 0% at baseline to 43% at 3 months and 100% at 8 months. No trend identified in documentation of indication (33–86%), re-assessment (23–83%), response (0–43%) or PPI prescription (80–100%) over 12 months. Conclusions Regular monitoring of BMs has become successfully imbedded. Documentation of response and re-assessment remains poor. The rotation of junior doctors is a likely influencing factor to achieving sustained improvement, highlighting the importance of induction and education.


The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of Religiosity,
Income Expectations, Services and Needs on Interest to become PayTren
partners. The sample of this study is purposive sampling who have become
partners of Paytren and conduct a transaction. The data type used in this research
is primary data with direct data collection techniques using the Google Form
online questionnaire. Data analysis method is multiple regression analysis with
SPSS 24's aids.
The results of this study is: 1) Simultaneously there is a significant positive
influence on the variables of religiosity, expectations of income, service and the
need for interest to become PayTren partners based on the following values that F
count (15,301) F table (2.14). Significant value shows a number that is smaller
than alpha that is (0.000 <0.05) and could be concluded that the regression
model could be accepted. 2) Partially there is a significant positive effect on the
variable needs for interest in becoming a PayTren partner. Whereas, the
variables of religiosity, income expectations and needs do not have a significant
effect on interest in becoming PayTren partners. The results of this study produce
a determinant of determination (adjusted R2) of 0.366 which means that 36.6%
interest in becoming a Paytren partner can be explained by the four variables,
while the rest (100% - 36.6% = 63.4%) was explained with other reasons out of
this research.


The molecular-orbital close-coupling method is employed to calculate the total charge transfer cross sections for Be4++H(1s) collisions in the impact energy region E<or=25.0 keV amu-1. The electron translation factor is not included. A linear trajectory is assumed and the origin of the reference frame is placed on H+. The convergence properties concerning the overall behaviour and the oscillatory structure of the total cross sections are investigated thoroughly. The oscillatory structure is caused by the interference between the initial and the final channels and it can be explained by the two-state approximation. The results are compared with other theoretical and experimental results.


The importance of redundant nodes of a computer monitoring and control system for power plants is analyzed. Even if one spur track at redundant nodes is in trouble, the system can still work. But if there is no redundant node or all redundant nodes are in trouble, the system will collapse. A fault tolerant computer monitoring and control system for power plants based on Siemens S7-400 PLC is introduced.


Abstract : This report examines the characteristics of naval power, its comparative advantages in meeting national security requirements, and its future as the world enters the next millennium. It was originally prepared and presented in French at a conference sponsored by Le Centre d'Analyse Sur la Securite Europeene.