Title Effects of Nutritional Status, Parasitic Infection and Dietary Trams Fatty Acids on Allergic Diseases : Abstract of Dissertation and the Summary of the Examination Results Author(s) Irei, Amalia Veronica; 的場, 輝佳; 水上, 戴子; 高村, 仁知; 清水, 哲郎 Citation 博士学位論文 内容の要旨および審査の結果の要旨, vol.22, pp.65-69 Issue Date 2005-08 Description 博士(生活環境学),博課第259号,平成17年3月24日授与 URL http://hdl.handle.net/10935/1239 Textversion publisher Nara Women's University Digital Information Repository


The present paper is dedicated to the Optics and Music session of the Novel Systems Design and Optimization XVI Conference. It is intended as an informative paper for the music enthusiasts. Included are some examples of visualization of sound generation and vibration modes of musically relevant objects and processes - record playback, an electric guitar and a wine glass - using high speed video, borescopic view and cross polarization techniques.


Objective: This study aimed to determine the association between prognosis of COVID-19 patients with and without cancer. Moreover, we compared the prognosis of cancer patients subjected to anti-tumor therapy with those who have not undergone anti-tumor therapy in the past 6 months. Methods and Results: A total of 7,926 adult patients with COVID-19 were retrospectively enrolled in Hubei Province,China between December 31, 2019 and February 20, 2020. Two hundred and seventy seven cancer patients (cancer group, median age 64 [IQR 56–70] years; 50.90% male) and 7,649 non-cancer patients were identified (non-cancer group, median age 55 [IQR 42–64] years; 48.19% male). The mortality rate was lower in the non-cancer group compared to the cancer group (4.50 vs. 9.03%; P < 0.001). The duration between onset and admission shorter in the cancer group (Days, 9 [IQR 5–18]) compared to the non-cancer group (Days, 10; [IQR 6–19]; P = 0.036). ICU occupancy was higher in the cancer group (n[%], 30[10.83%]) than in the non-cancer group (n[%], 314[4.11%]). In reviewing the anti-tumor therapy, data from 277 selected cancer patients were obtained out of which 74 patients had undergone anti-tumor therapy (mean age 65 [IQR 51–67] years; 45.95% male), 203 had not undergone anti-tumor therapy (non-anti-tumor therapy group, mean age 63 [IQR 53–75] years; 49.75% male) in the past 6 months. The mortality rate for the anti-tumor therapy group and the non-anti-tumor therapy group was similar (9.46 vs. 8.87%; P = 0.879). Conclusion: The mortality rate was higher in COVID-19 patients with cancer compared to those without cancer. Moreover, anti-tumor therapy in the past 6 months did not worsen the prognosis of cancer patients with COVID-19.


Needless to say, the precordial leads are nowadays the routine in clinical electrocardiography. While several types of special chest electrode have been devised so far, they are not sufficiently convenient in use. The electrode here described is very simple, and can be applied easily and quickly anywhere on the body surface, without any accessaries such as rubber bandage, suction cup etc. It is a small disc, cut circular from a thin plate of the same metal as the limb electrodes, e.g., German silver (thickness about 0.2mm.). On one side of it is soldered an enameled, thin copper wire (B. S. # 37) which is led to the amplifier appropriately. The electrode, being very light, can be pasted on the body surface with ordinary salted paste, and never slips down even when applied on the vertical side of the body (Fig. 1). Application, removal and reapplica tion can always be done easily and quickly. Until now, I took the precordial leads ECG with this electrode (diameter 1.5cm.) several hundred times and encountered no difficulties at all.


Brand Extension is one of the most important parts of brand management and it is one of the most useful marketing tools. To employ the successful brand extension strategy, we must find the factors influencing the extension result, summarize the condition of successful brand strategy and make them the theory basis for reasonable brand extension.


This study analyzed the effect of the announcement of new town development in Goyang Changneung district on the prices of surrounding apartments using the difference in difference model based on the Hedonic model. Research that affected the existing development of new cities in the Seoul metropolitan area was limited to the land market. Therefore, for the first time, this study analyzes the Changneung district in Goyang to analyze the impact of the new city on the surrounding apartment market. it was analyzed that the announcement had a negative effect on the price increase in the area near the Changneung district in Goyang, Seoul. On the contrary, it was analyzed that apartments located in Goyang-si had a positive effect of increasing prices unlike the Seoul influence area. Through the analysis results, it was suggested that the influence of the presentation had different effects on apartment sales prices in Seoul and Goyang, respectively.


Hormone replacement therapy by pellet implantation has been used with great success in the United States, Europe and Australia since 1938 and found to be superior to other methods of hormone delivery (Greenblatt 49, Mishnell 41, Cantrill 84, Stanczyk 88). It is not experimental. Pellets deliver consistent, physiologic levels of hormones and avoid the fluctuations of hormone levels seen with other methods of delivery (Greenblatt 49, Thom 81, Cantrill 84 Stanczyk 88). Estrogen delivered by subcutaneous implants maintains the normal ratio of estradiol to estrone (Thom 81, Stanczyk 88, Owen 92, Cravioto 01).


Objective: This study aimed to determine women's reported health behaviours (physical activity, diet, weight management) before and during pregnancy, and to identify sources of health information. Design: Retrospective study incorporating quantitative (a self-completed survey) and qualitative (one-on-one interviews) methods. Methodology: Participants were women aged 18 or over; had no pre-existing medical condition that might be exacerbated during pregnancy (e.g. diabetes, heart condition); and had given birth in the last 12 months. Nineteen women agreed to one-on-one interviews and 100 women agreed to complete a mailed questionnaire. Qualitative data and quantitative data were analysed using a descriptive qualitative methodology and by using McNemar's test for correlated proportions, respectively. Results: Participants reported a significant reduction in their level of physical activity during pregnancy; a significant increase in consumption of fruit, vegetables and fibre, and a decrease in fast food consumption (all p < 0.05). Medical practitioners are the preferred source of health information but seem to provide insufficient information about health behaviours during pregnancy in relation to physical activity, diet and weight management. Conclusion: Women reported eating a healthier diet and reducing their level of physical activity during the antenatal period, compared to pre-pregnancy. There is a need to improve the provision of health information on physical activity, diet and weight management in the antenatal period.


Research on post-colonial curricula in non-Western countries continues to expand, with contributions from many scholars around the world. Many of these authors argue that post-colonial theories and the implications of those theories can help elucidate how colonial hegemony and ideology have affected the dominant discourse regarding curriculum studies discourse in non-Western nations. Despite the efforts that have been made, the field of curriculum studies in South Korea lacks context-relevant post-colonial perspectives and practical approaches to developing new post-colonial knowledge based on its own language, culture, history, and epistemologies. This article explores the life's work of one Korean post-colonial curriculum scholar. Based on a document analysis and an in-depth interview process, the following discussion conceptualizes three themes related to post-colonial curriculum studies: (1) production of indigenous qualitative research texts, (2) identification of new curriculum phenomenon from the local, and (3) creation of new concepts and languages for international curriculum research. This analysis can inform how curriculum scholars in South Korea and other non-Western regions approach post-colonial curriculum research in a specific nation.


This qualitative content analysis of 503 anonymous online reviews of 52 Canadian call centres posted on RateMyEmployer.ca explores how forms of resistance, alienation and emotional labour are expressed outside of the workplace. Our study finds that digital publics are producing emotive insurgencies and networks of support within marginalised communities that undermine employers' attempts at deadening the workforce. The reviews exemplify worker awareness of exploitation as some connect these issues to broader socio‐economic factors that are beyond their control. While many offer tactics to challenge and destabilise their working conditions and culture as well as heartfelt and sarcastic warnings of what one might expect if they pursue call centre employment, others use the online space as a means of venting frustrations, eliciting empathies and expressing sentiments of hope(lessness).


A method based on Stigmatic points is used to design highchannel arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) device.This method significantly reduced the aberration for the channels far from the central channel,which may be serious in the conventional design of Rowland circle type.Effects of the aperture of the arrayedwaveguide and the expansion angle of the incident beam on the performance of the AWG are discussed,Its shown that the improved method greatly improves the performance of the channels far from the central channel when the expansion angle of the incident beam is large.


The present invention relates to a method for producing a non-volatile memory device to not to affect the height of forming a trench in the cell region, and it is possible to increase the coupling ratio to form a floating gate in a concave form in the trench, the control gate that comprises the steps of embedding and planarize the non-volatile method of manufacturing a memory device is then in the silicon substrate in the peripheral circuit region to form a first trench of a first depth of the buried oxide layer; Forming a second trench of a second depth in the silicon substrate of the cell region; Subjected to channel ion implantation to the cell area, forming a forming a tunnel oxide film to the inside of the second trench, and depositing a floating gate material, the floating gate by etching the floating gate material; And forming a source / drain junction in the cell region; Forming a well in the peripheral circuit and the cell area was deposited with a dielectric film; The method comprising only the channel region of the cell region, leaving the dielectric film and depositing a gate material; A peripheral circuit region by etching the gate material a gate, and is configured by forming a control gate in the cell area. One chip, the trench, the floating gate, control gate, concave


The insulin‐like growth factor (IGF) system is thought to function as a mediator of steroid hormone actions in the endometrium. IGFs (IGF‐I and IGF‐II) are also potent mitogens in endometrial cancer. The biological actions of IGFs are modulated by specific binding proteins (IGFBP)—6 cloned and sequenced so far—which may either inhibit or enhance the effects of IGF at the cellular level. In the endometrium, IGFBP‐1 gene expression is stimulated by progesterone and inhibited by insulin, while IGFBP‐1 inhibits the mitogenic action of IGF‐I. In this study, we used a quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) to investigate IGFBP‐I, IGFBP‐2, IGFBP‐4, IGFBP‐5 and IGFBP‐6 gene expression in endometrial cancer tissues. Endometrial cancer tissue samples were collected from 20 women (aged 54–79 yrs) with stage I to II well‐differentiated endometrial adenocarcinoma. Samples of normal endometrium (n = 14) obtained from women undergoing tubal ligation in various phases of the menstrual cycle, and normal early‐pregnancy endometrium (decidua) were studied for comparison. In endometrial cancer tissues, the IGFBP‐I mRNA was undetectable or minimally expressed when studied by RT‐PCR. The mean (+SD) levels of IGFBP‐2 and IGFBP‐4 and IGFBP‐5 mRNAs in endometrial cancer tissues did not differ from those in normal endometrium, in which no cyclic variation was observed, suggesting that the genes encoding IGFBP‐2, IGFBP‐4 and IGFBP‐5 are not hormonally regulated in the endometrium. The IGFBP‐6 mRNA expression showed a significant cyclic variation in normal endometrium, with low levels in late‐prolitferative and early‐ to mid‐secretory phases and high expression in late‐secretory and early‐prolitferative phases. In endometrial cancer tissues, the mean IGFBP‐6 mRNA level was similar to that in cycling endometrium during the peri‐ovulatory period. In summary, a continuous stimulation of the endometrial epithelial cells by IGFs with suppressed IGFBP‐1 expression may lead to an imbalance in the IGF system of the endometrium and trigger an uncontrolled cell proliferation, ultimately resulting in malignant transformation. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


THE depression of solubility of SiO2 through the agency of various metals and metallic oxides, notably Fe and Al, was briefly referred to in a former communication [King & McGeorge, 1938]. It was suggested that the apparent decrease in solubility of quartz and amorphous SiO2 was due to precipitation of the dissolved silicic acid as the insoluble silicate of the metal. The phenomenon has now been explored further, and the effects of various mineral dusts on the solution of SiO2 from quartz have been investigated. Most of the mineral silicates are much less soluble in blood serum and ascitic fluid than are the free forms of SiO2. Kaolin is particularly insoluble. In a mixture of kaolin and quartz powder suspended in a liquid it might be expected that the amount of SiO2 dissolved would be conditioned by the most active member ofthe mixture, and that in the presence ofan excess ofthe mixed powder the solubility would approach that of quartz powder taken alone. Naturally occurring kaolins, such as those represented in shales, contain variable, sometimes large, amounts of free SiO2, and yet these natural stone dusts have an exceedingly low solubility. The amount of free SiO2 represented in a sample of stone dust would lead to much more solution of silica if suspended alone in the same volume of liquid. This fact was brought out in the previous communication where it was shown that a stone dust (shale-used for mine dusting) had a solubility of less than 1 mg./100 ml. although it contained about 40% free SiO2, whereas the 0-8 g. free SiO2 present in the 2 g. stone dust taken for 100 ml. ascitic fluid would if taken separately dissolve to the extent of 9 mg./100 ml. The figures set out in Table I demonstrate these points more fully. The methods used in this investigation-preparation and examination of dusts, solution experiments, separation of solid from liquid phase, determination of dissolved SiO2 etc.-were those described in the previous communication [King & McGeorge, 1938]. The silicate minerals are much less soluble than quartz in the ascitic fluid used,' and the stone dusts are only slightly soluble despite their free SiO2 contents which in some cases are large. The SiO2 dissolved from the coal and coal-mine dusts is, of course, related to the silicate minerals contained in them, and is of the same order as that from the stone dusts. The apparent depression of the solution of free SiO2 contained in the stone dusts suggested that the effect might be extended to quartz admixed with the stone dust. This proved to be the case as is shown in Table II. The addition of increasing amounts of stone dust to 2 g. quartz suspended in 100 ml. ascitic fluid led to a progressive decrease in the SiO2 dissolved, from 7 mg. SiO2/100 ml. to


The nasal-vestibular cyst, or nasoalveolar cyst, is infrequently observed face lesion. We removed the cyst from the left nasal alar region of a woman aged 71 who had been afflicted with the lesion for the previous 4 years. The cyst was as large as a pigeon's egg.The patient had been aware of the swelling over the left ala of the nose for the past 4 years. For the past two months the patient had been unable to wear her upper denture because of the swelling involving the superior labial fold area.An obvious asymmetry of the left side of the face was noted. The swelling was about 4 cm in diameter, nontender, soft and fluctant and was located over the left piriform aperture of the nose and extended into the left nasal cavity to some degree. Approximately 15ml of cloudy somewhat brownish fluid was removed and immediately replaced by a same amount of 76% Urografin® contrast medium. The roentgenograms revealed a well-defined, oval cystic cavity situated in the soft tissues of the face at the junction of the upper lip and the lateral wall of the left nostril. The cystic cavity was disclosed to be entirely within the soft tissues and lying very close to the anterior surface of the maxilla.Microscopic examination revealed a cyst lined by a few layers of cuboidal cells. These cells appeared to be squamous but might be pseudostratified columnar cells containing goblet cells.Comparative study of 31 cases of nasal-vestibular cyst that had been reported in the dental literature of this country from 1960 to 1980 was made, and the clinical features and differential diagnosis of the disease were discussed.


With the growing importance and influence of China's economy globally, how to apply Chinese language in real life becomes a challenge for overseas students. This study aims to identify the critical issues of Chinese teaching and learning taking CCAA (College of Chinese & ASEAN Arts) as an example. Samples are 10 Asian students from Thailand, Korea and Laos. The results show that grammar based and content based teaching account 87.5% of Chinese class which causes CCAA Asian students unnatural oral performance. To bring up international students' oral ability, this study proposes a solution model by applying LIA, CoPs and AAR to transfer CCAA Asian students productive knowledge as well as highlight the practical through both in-class and out of class activities.


In this article, the broadband voltage‐controlled oscillator (VCO) using electronically controlled metamaterial transmission line based on varactor‐loaded split‐ring resonator (VLSRR) is presented. It is demonstrated that VLSRR coupled to microstrip line can lead to metamaterial transmission line with tuning capability. The negative effective permeability is realized by the VLSRR in a narrow band above the resonant frequency. The bias of VLSRR is controlled by the varactor diodes. The phase noise of VCO is −108.84 to −106.84 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz in the tuning range, 5.407–5.84 GHz. The figure of merit (FOM) called power‐frequency‐tuning‐normalized (PFTN) is 20.144 dB. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 1078–1082, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23305


Books reviewed in this article:

Gary Burtless, Robert Z. Lawrence, Robert E. Litan and Robert J. Shapiro, Globaphobia: Confronting Fears about Open Trade

Daniel Cohen, The Wealth of the World and the Poverty of Nations

Barry Eichengreen, Toward a New International Financial Architecture: a Practical Post-Asia Agenda


Having assessed the IELTS writing class, the researchers found that the EFL students' IELTS writing task 2 was still below the standard. This problem shows that writing is still a complex skill faced by EFL students. This study aimed to analyze the problems and errors faced by EFL students in writing IELTS task 2. The instrument of this research was archival documents. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed with the total samples were 5 learners. The research focused on finding out the writing problems made by EFL students and finding out the most frequent problems and errors written by them. The problems were divided into some classifications namely: problem in word choice, punctuation, spelling, and language use involving grammatical area: error of verb, noun, pronoun, adjective, adverb, article, preposition, and conjunction. The finding showed that learners encountered some difficulties such as language use 72 (73%), punctuation 8 (8%), spelling 7(7%) and word choice (11%) From the fourth difficultness encountered by EFL Learners language use had the most portion in term of the error made by the learners.


1313 E. 60th Street, Chicago 37, Illinois. 30 cents. Although based on American experience, this brief pamphlet should be of interest to all workers concerned about the increasing number of senile patients in our mental hospitals. It is a report on the provision of specialized boarding home care for patients from the state hospitals of North Carolina, many "having been admitted there when mental illness was regarded as incurable and admission to a mental institution is the final step in his life." Homes were found for some patients who had been hospitalized for 40 years, and nearly 500 persons have been cared for in this manner in the three years the plan has been in operation. The report would have been helped by a few more case illustrations, but nevertheless it is


Raumkunst by Teodor Axentowicz
Three exhibition arrangements analysed in the article – the halls of Polish artists on the exhibitions in St. Louis (1904), London (1906) and XI International Biennial of Art in Venice (1914) – allow us to consider Teodor Axentowicz as a precursor of the new form of organisation of the exhibition space within the Polish culture. This form was a pattern for the subsequent architects of exhibitions belonging to the Society of Polish Artists "Art". Projects of Axentowicz perfectly fitted to the modern style of exhibition interior arrangement, which was promoted by the Viennese environment of "Secession" at the turn of the 20th century.


Competency Competencies framework Human Resource Managers Promotion the status and credibility of human resources, designing the basic system of human resources, implementation of designed HR systems, attraction of material and human resources are the most important achievements in the field of human resources for excellent organizations that managers in these organizations based on their professional competency are selected. These achievements and also necessity for professionalization of this field led to perform this study by researcher. This study tries to identify and introduce human resource manager's competencies framework for Iranian automobile companies under Industrial Development & Renovation Organization of Iran ownership as one of the key managers in today's organizations that has an essential role in identifying, recruiting and retention of valuable resources. For this purpose, the main question is proposed as "Which is the appropriate human resource manager's competencies framework for Industrial Development & Renovation Organization of Iran?" and using a library method and studying the documents and interviews with experts, initial framework of these capabilities as four dimensions of knowledge, skills, personal characteristics and value are designed and With three rounds of Delphi survey among academic experts in the field of human resources and administrative experts were taken. After correction, experts and representatives of target population confirm the competencies framework (dimensions, factors and indicators).


Why have boundaries been so changeable while frontiers and borders are relatively long-lasting? Is the experience of borders and boundaries in south Asia different from other regions of the world? This paper explores the subcontinent's recent historical experience, marked by the colonial Raj's geopolitical and power-centric approach to frontiers, and post-independence Nehruvian, approach to the impermanence of boundaries. It also considers India's situation, located as she is in a region with old nations in new states, with porous borders, where nationalism is still a work in progress and boundaries are contested, and as a result, boundaries are sometimes meaningless or unenforceable in practice. The paper concludes by indicating some possible research avenues and policy paths to reconcile two seemingly opposite objectives: of clarifying and formalising borders in and around the Indian subcontinent, while at the same time using technology and other resources to make boundaries irrelevant and borders open to the communities and people who straddle them. Intellectual and infrastructural investment on South Asian frontiers and borderlands could facilitate the freer flow of people, goods, and ideas in a more integrated region and reduce the future propensity for tension and conflict.


Diffusion state distance (DSD) is a metric on the vertices of a graph, motivated by bioinformatic modeling. Previous results on the convergence of DSD to a limiting metric relied on the definition being based on symmetric or reversible random walk on the graph. We show that convergence holds even when the DSD is based on general finite irreducible Markov chains. The proofs rely on classical potential theory of Kemeny and Snell.


CASE REPORT A 55-year-old man presented with severe, diffuse, and sharp abdominal pain for 1-week duration associated with numerous episodes of watery, nonbloody diarrhea. He also reported intermittent subjective fever and chills. Medical history included HIV for 30 years with poor compliance with an antiretroviral regimen, recent pneumocystis pneumonia, and previous cryptococcal meningitis. Physical examination revealed an ill-appearing, cachectic man with mild abdominal tenderness. Laboratory work revealed a white blood cell count of 18.5K/ m L(ref:4.0 – 10.8K/ m L)with84%neutrophils(ref:40% – 75%),sodium132mmol/L(ref:135 – 146mmol/L),and potassium2.7mmol/L(ref:3.5 – 5.1mmol/L).Hisviralloadwas109,385copies/mL(ref:negcopies/mL)andhehadanabsoluteCD4count of 56 lymphocytes/ m L (ref: 330 – 1,520 lymphocytes/ m L). Liver chemistries were unremarkable. Stool studies for regional pathogens, ova and parasites, and clostridium dif fi cile were negative. Abdominal and pelvic computed tomography revealed ill-de fi ned cystic/necrotic upper abdominal lymphadenopathy with mass effect and possible invasion of the adjacentliver (Figure1). The pancreas and caudate lobe of the liver were inseparable from the mass, which raised concern for primary pancreatic tumor or lymphoma. He underwent endoscopic ultrasound-guided biopsy of the peripancreatic


Entrepreneurship is one of the main important drivers in a market nation. There is a lot of competition in the business involving entrepreneurs. In fact, nowadays there are many women entrepreneurs involving and become more successful in the business arena as an entrepreneurship. And now women entrepreneurs have contribute important roles of business. Although women entrepreneurs are highlighted as have significance contribution toward the nation. They are also able to be involved in various fields of involving male entrepreneurs because of their confidence and their interest in this field. Other than that, networks affiliation, education, training and counseling, and usage of ICT are important factors influencing the growth of women entrepreneur in Malaysia. This research will be done by using qualitative and quantitative methods to get more information from women entrepreneurs. I will aim at women entrepreneurs in Malacca and Johor. By using these mixture methods, they are able to share more information and experience as an entrepreneur. This study also will briefly formulate to make the women entrepreneurs become more competitive in the current environment of business marketplace.
Keywords: women entrepreneur, entrepreneurships, success factors


ABSTRACT Pregabalin and gabapentin are amino-acid derivatives of gamma-aminobutyric acid. They have a high affinity to the α2δ protein in the central nervous system and both have been shown to be effective for neuropathic pain disorder. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of gabapentin and pregabalin in animal models of neuropathic pain, and to correlate with clinical outcomes in patients with diabetic neuropathy. Gabapentin (60 mg/kg) and pregabalin (30 mg/kg) attenuate mechanical, tactile and heat hypersensitivity in rats with chronic constriction injury of the sciatic nerve and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes. There is no evidence that one of the drugs is superior to another at the different rat models and tests. In the incisional pain model, there was partial efficacy of gabapentin. Our clinical data suggest that relative to the baseline pain score, the treatment with pregabalin at doses of 300 mg/day or gabapentin at doses of 900 mg/day would be effective and well tolerated in patients diagnosed with moderate diabetic polyneuropathy. The study suggested that pregabalin may provide better analgesic outcomes than gabapentin on the sixth month of treatment. In conclusion, the comparative effects of gabapentinoids in animal models of neuropathic pain and neuropathic patients are suggestive of similar pathophysiological mechanisms being involved, but successful outcome is determined by a patient's individuality and the drug nature as well as the drug tolerability.


BACKGROUND
Repeated implantation failure (RIF) is a severe obstacle in human assisted reproduction treatment.

METHODS
Aiming to identify global gene profile in RIF patients, gene-array analyses were performed on endometrial samples collected on day 21 of the cycle from fertile women (n = 12) and from RIF patients (n = 20). Validation of cyclin E2, Slug, dickkopf homolog 1 (DKK1), lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1 (LEF1) and secreted frizzled-related protein 1 (SFRP1) was carried out by real-time PCR.

RESULTS
Gene-array analysis revealed 313 genes exhibiting modified expression levels in RIF patients. Of these, 288 genes (92%) were down-regulated and only 25 genes (8%) were up-regulated. Classification of the down-regulated genes to biological pathways revealed cell cycle, Wnt signaling and cellular adhesion pathways. Real-time PCR validation of cyclin E2, SFRP1 and LEF1 showed significantly lower expression levels in RIF-IVF patients as compared with fertile women. In addition, two up-regulated genes, Slug and DKK1, were also validated. Interestingly, about 8% of the down-regulated genes were estrogen-dependent. Western blot of estrogen receptor alpha revealed low expression of this protein in the RIF group.

CONCLUSIONS
The evaluation of the endometrium of RIF patients by gene array analysis demonstrates that the expression of various genes is altered, including those belonging to the cell cycle, Wnt signaling and cellular adhesion pathways.


Time series (and similar one-dimensional series) are more often irregularly spaced than many methods texts or courses admit. Even with a plan of regular measurements, gaps can arise for many human or inhuman reasons, while some series are naturally irregular. Interpolation of values between known values is a centuries-old need, but one neglected by official Stata, which offers only linear interpolation and cubic spline interpolation (in Mata). I review additional user-written commands for interpolation, including those for cubic, nearest neighbour and piecewise cubic Hermite methods available from SSC. Beyond interpolation of irregular series lie the questions of characterising the structure of such series and smoothing in various ways. One useful tool standard in spatial statistics is the variogram, which relates dissimilarity as squared differences between values to their separation in time or distance in space. Diggle and others have shown uses for variograms in time series and longitudinal data analysis. I discuss user-written Stata commands for variogram calculation, plotting and use in relation to exploratory data analysis on the one hand and smoothing on the other.


The Journal of Cranio he exigency of surgical treatment of meningocele or meninT goencephalcoele—differing by whether or not the herniated contents include cerebral tissue—is amplified in the setting of leaking of cerebrospinal fluid. Historically, the surgical tenets include: removal of the herniated sac and its contents; as well as any contained nonfunctional brain tissue. The dural margins are identified, as are the margins of the bony defect; thereafter, variable strategies to reconstruct dura and/or bone are employed. Unquestionably, transcranial approaches have formed the mainstay of treatment for decades, and for good reason—the visualization is unparalleled; the bimanual control is superior to any other established approach; and the ability to reconstruct intradurally and extradurally confers a durable ''belts and suspenders'' surgical solution when necessary and is more easily done from above. However, endonasal or transnasal approaches have become extremely viable and at times equally effective methods of accessing anterior fossa pathology; we now consider the endonasal ''reach'' to include as caudal as C2 and as rostral as the olfactory groove in the sagittal plane. In neurosurgery, extended anterior fossa approaches have as their origin the microscopic transsphenoidal approach. Shaped by the brilliant insight of individual surgeons and technological innovation, the transspenoidal approach to the anterior fossa is a fascinating chronicle in surgical history whose evolution continues unabated. Indeed, although subtemporal, transfacial, and frontal transcranial routes were promulgated at the turn of the 20th century to reach the sella, only the transsphenoidal route has endured as the preferred approach to the overwhelming majority of sellar lesions. Transsphenoidal approaches to the sella were preceded by transcranial surgical attempts to gain access to the region. Fedor Krause of Berlin described the details of a frontal transcranial approach to the sella in 1905; varying modifications of frontal and subtemporal approaches by such pioneering surgeons as Sir Victor Horsley, Walter Dandy, and Harvey Cushing followed. The morbidity of these transcranial approaches, however, catalyzed the development of extracranial approaches to the sella. Schloffer reported the first transsphenoidal approach to the sella, followed by Kanaval, von Eiselsberg, and Kocher; their approaches required external incisions. Endonasal and sublabial approaches performed without a disfiguring rhinotomy incision were soon introduced by Hirsch and Halstead, respectively, en route to Harvey Cushing's


"Guo Yu" is a country-based speech style history book in pre-Ch'in period.This work records the documents of Zhou、Lu、Qi、Jin、Zheng、Chu、Wu、Yue which between B.C.967 and B.C.453 in a relatively simple way.Women are the strong force in politics struggle,so the "Guo Yu" describes many patrician women.Some of them are hardworking and goodness;Some of them are blackness and subtilty.We can become aware of the Chunqiu person's standpoint about women through parse the female roles in "Guo Yu".


Introduction: As per the WHO reports dated July 7, 2021, 184,324,026 confirmed cases of COVID-19 were found in the world and 196,894 cases were found in Libya. Healthcare workers (HCWs), pharmacists, in particular, have been affected a lot because of COVID-19. Community pharmacies are considered workplaces with elevated exposure risk to COVID-19. Method: This study aims to roughly estimate the risk of COVID-19 exposure among pharmacists and pharmacy assistants working in pharmacies in Libya. An anonymous cross-sectional online survey was conducted among pharmacists and pharmacy assistants working in hospital pharmacies and community pharmacies. Between November 11th, 2020 and January 7th, 2021, a Google Form questionnaire was delivered through social media and instant messaging platforms, to certified community pharmacists and pharmacy assistants residing in Libya. Results: Out of 207 respondents, the majority (72.4%) reported having at least one or more flu-like symptoms. In addition, 52.17% of them reported that one of their relatives had at least one or more flu-like symptoms. The most common symptoms reported by respondents were headache (46.9%), tiredness (42.5%), fever (31.9%), and loss of smell and taste sensation (29.0%). The period with the highest number of all the symptomatic respondents as well as those with symptoms suggestive of COVID-19 was between August to October 2020. Correspondingly, 108 (52.17%) symptomatic respondents had a relative with symptoms. Conclusion: The majority of respondents reported having flu-like symptoms in the period from August to October. Moreover, the highest cumulative number of people with suggestive COVID-19 symptoms reported their symptoms in the same period.


The utility model relates to a rolling needle component for a half-sectional K-type needle bearing cage and belongs to the technical field of a rolling bearing. The rolling needle component mainly solves the problems that when the loading capacity of the traditional half-sectional K-type needle bearing is increased, roller needles need to be lengthened or the number of the roller needles needs to be increased, thereby a beam of the cage is led to become very narrow, and the machining difficulty of the cage is increased, and the service life of the cage is shortened. The rolling needle component is mainly characterized by comprising the cage and the roller needles positioned in pockets of the cage; and the two roller needles are arranged in the pockets of the cage. The rolling needle component has the characteristics of simple structure, high loading capacity, good rotation flexibility, relative reduction of the manufacturing difficulty of the cage and the prolonging of the service of the cage and is mainly used for the half-sectional K-type needle bearing which swings at a low speed and has narrow radial space.


Uncertainty is a measurable notion in statistics and measurement theory. Also, uncertainty typically propagates from one stage to the other in a measurement or estimation process. Software Requirements constitute an event space following standard distributions. Thus statistical concepts such as residuals, standard distribution, and uncertainty – and uncertainty propagation – are applicable from statistics and measurement theory. This work presents preliminary results that allow evaluating the benefits of pursuing such a research direction for Six Sigma practice. We present the results of a field study where we compare the life cycles of new requirements to Personalised Customer Communications Software with the calculated uncertainties of these requirements. A general approach to uncertainty propagation is applied in this case to quantify to what extent the uncertainty in input variables (requirements definition, for instance) can affect the outcomes of software analysis and development processes (project size, for instance), and finally our software estimation true capability. Uncertainty propagation is also known as "error propagation" in science (not to be confused with defects in software engineering).


The relationship between temperature and mortality is generally found to be bathtub shaped (rising at both extremes). However, there are limited data on the potential health effects of temperature variability and on temperature itself...


The aim of this study is to analyze the sustainability of current account deficit in Turkey in the period of 1992m1 -2011m12. The sustainability level is determined by the international interest rate, which is the leading indicator of liquidity. To this end, a non-linear time series approach is applied to test the sustainability of current account deficit in Turkey. The approach allows us to choose the particular non-linear approach, depending on the characteristics of data. In our study, the data led us to the LSTAR approach, which implies a smooth transition in the current account. Our contribution is the identification of a threshold value for the sustainability of current account deficit in Turkey.


Geographic stateless routing schemes such as GPSR have been widely adopted to routing in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANET). However, due to the particular urban topology and the non-uniform distribution of cars, the greedy routing mode often fails and needs a recovery strategy such as GPSR's perimeter mode to deliver data successfully to the destination. It has been shown that the cost of planarization, the non-uniform distribution of cars, and radio obstacles make GPSR's perimeter mode inefficient in urban configurations. Some enhancements have been proposed such as GPCR, which uses the concept of junction nodes to control the next road segments that packets should follow. However, the concept of junction nodes itself is problematic and hard to maintain in a dynamic urban environment. In this paper, we describe GpsrJ+, a solution that further improves the packet delivery ratio of GPCR with minimal modification by predicting on which road segment its neighboring junction node will forward packets to. GpsrJ+ differs from GPCR as decisions about which road segment to turn does not need to be made by junction nodes. Moreover, GpsrJ+ does not need an expensive planarization strategy since it uses the natural planar feature of urban maps. Consequently, GpsrJ+ reduces the hop count used in the perimeter mode by as much as 200% compared to GPSR. It therefore allows geographic routing schemes to return to the greedy mode faster.


Form in a dynamic relationship.The external form factors and the internal form relationship that together constitute the interaction structure of constantly changing relationship.They contrasting,conflicting and reconciling with each other,dominated by the internal laws of the form,and generate certain inductive effect between the relationship of the form of the interaction,then mutate under the influence of visual psychology.There are some changing laws.That is the induction of form doesn't inherent but vitally interrelated with one's visual experience.The paper with the purpose of discussing the form effect between induction of form and visual psychological of people,by studying the case,to find the laws and put it into use in art design.


We describe an approach for designing a pointing and stabilization system for an unbalanced, flexible gun. Our approach is based upon classical control techniques, such as PI compensation and notch filters, but incorporates adaptive algorithms for identifying the flexible modes of the system and compensating the dynamic imbalance. This information is used to update the control law in order to improve the stabilization accuracy of the system.


It is well known that respondents view themselves in a more positive light than others. Prominent domains include personal traits ("better-than-average effect," Alicke et al. 1995), abilities ("above-average effect," Dunning, Meyerowitz, and Holzberg 1989), and likelihood judgments ("unrealistic optimism," Weinstein 1980; "self-positivity bias," Raghubir and Menon 1998). However, as everyone cannot be above average, these comparative self-reports are biased. An important theoretical and managerial question is: "How best can self-reports be de-biased?" A common technique to elicit reliable responses to sensitive questions is projection: ask about other people and use this information as a proxy for self-judgments. For socially sensitive questions, these (de-biased) proxy-reports have been shown to have higher predictive validity for behavioral intentions than the (biased) self-reports (Fisher 1993). This paper presents an alternate method that leverages projection to "de-bias" (vs. "replace") self-reports by utilizing contextual manipulations: When other-judgments precede self-judgments (i.e., other-self order) projection should be greater as the other is judged to be more similar and, hence, self-other differences should be attenuated (vs. when self-judgments are elicited first, i.e., self-other order, Raghubir and Menon 1998). The key question is whether other-judgments (projection techniques) or self-judgments elicited after other-judgments (our method) are better predictors of future behavior. To assess this question we first ran three field experiments (Ns=957, 789, and 1095) among participants at an international marathon. Prior to the race, the runners were asked for their motivations to run marathon that were grouped into signaling-related (more sensitive) and fitness-related (less sensitive) reasons. Respondents rated their reasons either before or after rating reasons for the average runner (Studies 1 and 2). In Study 3, we additionally manipulated the referent other (average, similar, inferior, or superior runner). We further assessed the perceived self-other similarity and the extent to which judgments of the other person were anchored on the self (Studies 2 and 3). After the race, we contacted the participants again and in Study 2 and 3 (Ns=552 and 764 matched observations) assessed the stated importance of signaling-related products (e.g., finisher medal, finisher t-shirt). "I run for fitness, not for fame". In all three studies runners believed that they ran more for fitness rather than signaling motives (ΔFitnessSelf–SignalingSelf, ΔMSelf =.78, .94, and .80 all >0, Motive main effect: Fs>245, ps 229, ps ΔFitnessOther–SignalingOther) was lower in the other-self condition (ΔMSelf=.57, .86, and .66 vs. ΔMOther=.19, .17, and -.14) than in the self-other condition (ΔMSelf=.99, 1.02, and .93 vs. ΔMOther=-.01, -.06, and -.34, TargetxMotivexOrder interaction: Fs>16, ps 5, ps .10) compared to superior or inferior peers (Fs>5, ps≤.02), which corroborates that perceived similarity drives the order effects. Role of projection. Studies 2 and 3 also revealed that the respondents anchored less on themselves when judging the average other in the self-other order (Mself-other=2.94 and 2.66 vs. Mother-self =3.40 and 3.47, Fs>13, ps 2, ps<.10), but not for similar others (Mself-other=3.27 vs. Mother-self=3.42, F<1). Taken together, the findings suggest that eliciting responses about others first makes them appear more similar, and leads to greater projection of own motives onto judgments of others, unless the other person is similar to begin with. Predictive validity. Pooling the data across studies, we regressed the importance of signaling-related products onto the fitness and signaling motives projected for others (projection technique: Only Other), the fitness and signaling motives given for oneself (Only Self), and all four predictors together (Both Self and Other), separately for each order condition. First, we find that the motives people give for themselves are better at predicting the importance they assign to signaling-related products as compared to the motives that they give to others and do so parsimoniously, particularly in the other-self order (R2 Only_Other =.03, R2 Both_Self_and_Other =.09, and R2 Only_Self=.09) versus the self-other order (R2 Only_Other=.02, R2 Both_Self_and_Other=.07, and R2 Only_Self=.06). Second, in the other-self order, it is the (de-biased) signaling motives people give for themselves that drive how important signaling-related products are perceived rather than the projections for others (which are not significant once self-values are entered to the regression), suggesting that eliciting self-reports after other-reports is a superior alternative to only using other reports (projection techniques). Generalizability. Study 4 (N=230 mTurk) replicated the findings for luxury purchases. Consumers judged that they purchase luxury brands more for quality than status reasons compared to others, particularly if self-reports preceded other-reports. Moreover, we found that self-deceptive needs for social approval (vs. self-enhancement or impression management, Paulhus 2002) drive the effects. To summarize, we show that when self-judgments are elicited after other-judgments, they are better predictors compared to not only when they are elicited first, but also as compared to only eliciting other-judgments (viz., projection techniques). As such, encouraging projection via contextual manipulations that increase the similarity between the self and the other (order-of-elicitation, type of referent other), attenuates self-other biases in socially sensitive consumption motives and increases the predictive validity of self-reports.


Objective To explore the peculiarity of osteoclasts and bone surface after resorption of the grafted bones.Methods Using SEM and LM to observe 8 retrieved specimens after clinical bone grafting,10 control human bones,20 specimens from intramuscular implantation of bone grafts in rats.Results In contrast to normal bones,there are accumulation of immature mononuclear osteoclasts(MOC)with variety of degraded changes,fibril exclusion and erythrocyte engulfing,which are not reported hitherto.Bone resorption surfaces are mainly expressed as focal bone digging and cutting but not diffuse osteoporosis.Conclusions The peculiarity of resorption on the grafted bones is the appearance of immature mononuclear osteoclasts.


The artist as a solitary genius does not reflect the reality of art-making. To enable art-making, artists are supported by many other people—subcontractors, collaborators, etc.—who collectively form an Artist's Support Network. Through an interview of 14 artists, we map the space of relationship types, provided support, interactions, failures, and successes of human support relationships. Moreover, we identified the patterns by which these aspects relate to each other in different support relationships. As technologically-driven Creativity Support Tools (CSTs) emerge to augment and automate portions of the artist's support network, the detail of these interactions becomes critical. Existing sites of collaboration in support networks invariably shape artists' expectations. How a CST fits within existing interaction expectations will shape the design, the artist's understanding, and ultimately, acceptance. With this lens, we reflect on how a CST's design–and in particular, those support collaboration and AI-driven variants–will mesh with the artist's support network.


In the paper portrayed, we design the automation system using an Arduino ATMEGA microcontroller board for traffic light on a cross road. We created a mechanism by utilizing IR sensors governed with an Arduino ATMEGA board. In the portrayed technique of Arduino program mechanism, the timer of the traffic light will depend upon the traffic blocked by the IR sensor pair and eventually the roadblocks appear as the signal is red. The structure comprises the interconnection of drivers to a motor connected to the roadblocks. The IR pair sensors are responsible for the traffic light timer delay and emerging of the roadblocks. The Arduino ATMEGA is power-driven by a battery and an LED is coupled for its indication purpose.


Dietary supplements of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) containing trans-10, cis-12 CLA decrease milk fat secretion in the lactating cow and sheep, but their effects on mammary lipogenesis in the goat are less well defined. Eight lactating goats were used in two 4 × 4 Latin-square experiments with 14 d experimental periods to examine the effects of calcium salts of CLA methyl esters (CaCLA) containing trans-10, cis-12 on milk fat synthesis. Experimental treatments consisted of incremental inclusion of 0, 30, 60 or 90 g of CaCLA/d (corresponding to 7·47, 14·9 and 22·4 g/d of trans-10, cis-12 CLA) offered during the first 10 d of each experimental period that replaced maize grain in concentrates (Experiment 1) or calcium salts of palm oil fatty acids (Experiment 2). Relative to the control, inclusion of 30, 60 or 90 g CaCLA/d in the diet reduced milk fat yield by 19·8, 27·9 and 32·3 % and 17·5, 39·0 and 49·3 % in Experiments 1 and 2, respectively. Decreases in milk fat were due to reductions in the secretion of fatty acids synthesised de novo rather than the uptake of fatty acids from the peripheral circulation. Indirect comparisons with the studies in the lactating cow indicated a lower efficacy of CaCLA supplements on mammary lipogenesis in the goat. In conclusion, CaCLA in the diet inhibits milk fat synthesis in the goat, responses that are dependent on the supply of dietary fatty acids, with evidence that the caprine is less sensitive to the anti-lipogenic effects of trans-10, cis-12 CLA compared with the bovine or ovine.


Reproduction is the process of giving birth to a child. A child may bring all the happiness inside a family. Now a days due to change in the life style and the food habits, the couples may not have a successful reproduction. Even though there are many reasons for infertility, PCO in female is one of the major cause. PCOS can be treated and there are many procedures in the medical field which should be followed to get reproduction. Among the medical procedure US scanning is done to identify the presence of PCO. Compared to other medical tests US scans are cost effective and at the same time presence of PCOS can be easily identified. Many machine learning algorithms are applied on segmentation and classification of these images. In the proposed work, a self defined CNN model is created and the performance of the model is analyzed with the eight other models. VGG16, RESNET, Transfer Learning models having ANN and SVM as classifiers for VGG16,RESNET and self defined models are taken here. Accuracy of self defined model with SVM is comparatively same as VGG16 and RESNET50 with SVM but still the F1 score of self defined is low when compared VGG16 with SVM.


In our attempt to find analyticalsolutions for breakdown waves, we employ a set of three-component fluid equations. In addition to reporting the method of integration of electron fluid dynamicalequations through the dynamical transition region (sheathregion),the wave profile for ionization rate, electron number density and electron temperature inside the sheath will be discussed.Also,the effect of the current on electron temperature, electron number density and ionization rate willbe reported.


The experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, during the period from December 2017 to April 2018 to study the yield performance of some maize varieties as influenced by irrigation management at different growth stages. The experiment was laid out in a split plot design with three replications where factor (A) irrigation stages were allocated in main plots and factor (B) varieties were distributed in sub plots. In factor A five irrigation management viz. I0 = (No irrigation), I1= (Four leaf stage + eight leaf stage + tasselling stage+ grain filling stage), I2= (Four leaf stage+ eight leaf stage + tasselling stage), I3= (Eight leaf stage + tasselling stage +grain filling stage), I4=(Four leaf stage + tasselling stage+ grain filling stage), I5=(Four leaf stage+ eight leaf stage+ grain filling stage) and in factor B three varieties viz. V1= (BARI hybrid vutta-9), V2= (BARI hybrid vutta-13), V3= (pacific-559) were included as treatments in the experiment. Data were collected on yield and yield contributing characters. The highest grain yield (5.88 t/ha) was obtained with the water management treatment I1(Four leaf stage + eight leaf stage + tasselling stage+ grain filling stage) which is statistically similar to treatment I4(Four leaf stage + tasselling stage+ grain filling stage) and highest grain yield (5.87 t/ha) obtained due to the varietal factor V3 (pacific-559). Interaction between I1 irrigation treatment and V3 varietal factor (I1V3) were found to be the best combination which is statistically similar to I4V3 interaction. As I4 treatment and I4V3 interaction are cost effective than I1 treatment and I1V3 interaction, respectively, irrigation should be given at four leaf stage, tasselling stage, and grain filling stage with variety pacific-559 for better performance in maize production.
Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.6(1): 57-67, April 2019


We study the principal series representations of central extensions of a split reductive algebraic group by a cyclic group of order $n$. We compute the Plancherel measure of the representation using Eisenstein series and a comparison method. In addition, we construct genuine central characters of the metaplectic torus in the simply-laced case.


This paper made a preliminary discussion for nine basic problems relating to the analyzing of failure mechanism in operating of power semiconductor devices. It pointed out that in order to use these devices well, it was necessary to master fully the concrete practice operating conditions, to make well thermal analysis and thermal design and to select right the device parameters and corresponding cooling system, on the basis of understanding deep the features of used devices. In brief, it has to be guaranteed that the devices wouldn' t go beyond the bounds of corresponding SOA, on the any operating conditions.


This scholarly article delves into the multifaceted nature of ethnic and religious conflicts in India, a country renowned for its diverse cultural and social tapestry. The paper explores the historical, socio-political, and economic factors that contribute to these conflicts, while also examining the implications for national stability and unity. Through an interdisciplinary approach, the study analyzes various instances of conflicts, their root causes, and potential strategies for resolution. By shedding light on the complexities of these conflicts, this article seeks to contribute to a better understanding of the challenges India faces in maintaining communal harmony and forging a path towards a more inclusive future.


This paper works out another singular indifference curve from the model by Grossman and Helpman (1994). Indifference curve must be composed by various independent variables. When one of them is not independent, the utility of the other variables must be constant. There is then no trade-off possibility any more. No optimal condition can be derived, except some corner solution.


Background: Cancer is a growing public health issue in low and middle income countries (LMIC). From estimated 14 million new cases each year, 8 million are diagnosed in LMIC. Case fatality rate is 75% in comparison with 46% in high income countries. Causes are low literacy levels, lack of awareness and knowledge about cancer among the population as well as limited education of health care providers leading also to late detection and diagnosis. In Tanzania, one of the poorest economies in the world, cancer incidences will double in the year 2030. To address the needs of cancer patients, the tertiary hospital of northern Tanzania established a new chemotherapy center in December 2016. However, there is limited knowledge about perceptions of professional staff toward chemotherapy treatment and cancer care in general in East Africa. This study aims to understand attitudes and perspectives of health care professionals and treatment related spectrum of challenges in the newly established center to assist future efforts in this field. Aim: This study aims to understand and analyze the attitudes and perspectives of the health care staff at the newly established Cancer Care Centre toward chemotherapy and the challenges they face on daily basis at their workplace. This understanding will assist future efforts to further apprehend the possible cancer treatment related spectrum of challenges that occur in low resource settings. Methods: As the research field is widely unknown, qualitative methods using in-depth interviews were chosen for inductive conceptualization of the topic. Analysis of data was performed according to qualitative content analysis. Results: 11 interviews were conducted with 3 males and 8 females with an average working experience was 7 years. 6 main categories were found: training and education of staff, interaction with the patients, availability of financial support, challenges in management, interests in future development and job satisfaction. Subcategories elaborated further within the main categories. Conclusion: Limitations in staffing, in training and education about chemotherapy were a major concern among the interviewees. The importance of sustainable funding and the needed cooperation of the government with international aid were mentioned as a key to avoid shortage of medication and equipment. Beside these concerns, the health care workers expressed their satisfaction with the new possibilities of treating cancer and the rewarding feedback of the patients. Misconceptions and poor knowledge on the patient side were mentioned as a reason for delayed health seeking behavior. Screening and awareness programs were mentioned as possible useful interventions.


An efficient forward modeling algorithm for calculation of gravitational fields in spherical coordinates is developed for 3‐D large‐scale gravity inversion problems. The 3‐D Gauss‐Legendre quadrature (GLQ) is used to calculate the gravitational fields of mass distributions discretized into tesseroids. Equivalence relations in the kernel matrix of the forward modeling are exploited to decrease storage and computation time. The numerical tests demonstrate that the computation time of the proposed algorithm is reduced by approximately 2 orders of magnitude, and the memory requirement is reduced by N′λ times compared with the traditional GLQ method, where N′λ is the number of the model elements in the longitudinal direction. These significant improvements in computational efficiency and storage make it possible to calculate and store the dense Jacobian matrix in 3‐D large‐scale gravity inversions. The equivalence relations can be applied to the Taylor series method or combined with the adaptive discretization to ensure high accuracy. To further illustrate the capability of the algorithm, we present a regional synthetic example. The inverted results show density distributions consistent with the actual model. The computation took about 6.3 hr and 0.88 GB of memory compared with about a dozen days and 245.86 GB for the traditional 3‐D GLQ method. Finally, the proposed algorithm is applied to the gravity field derived from the latest lunar gravity model GL1500E. Three‐dimensional density distributions of the Imbrium and Serenitatis basins are obtained, and high‐density bodies are found at the depths 10–60 km, likely indicating a significant uplift of the high‐density mantle beneath the two mascon basins.


Starting from the understanding of gender as a social and discursive construction, this paper's proposal is to analyze the description of the (trans) gender from the narrating protagonist of Mar paraguayo (1992) and in "as yararas", a story from Jardim zoologico (1999), both works by Wilson Bueno (1949-2010). In the discussions about the conceptualization of gender the theoretical considerations of Rogerio Puga (s.d.), Heloisa Buarque de Holanda (1994), Roberto Echavarren (1998; 2007), and others are used. Thus, is it from a brief literary course of the writer Wilson Bueno that we present both stories and finally analyze the existing connections between Mar paraguayo and "as yararas", associating them to the (trans) gender – androgynous and mutant – from the hybrid definitions of gender attributed to both the faceless doll and the "yararas". We conclude that both characters can be arranged in a general in-betweenness, as creatures out of gender that exceed the notions of men and women, male and female.


Study design, materials and methods The study was composed by six women with multiple sclerosis and urgency urinary incontinence symptoms (UUI). For UUI assessment, women clinical complaints were taken, realized pelvic floor digital palpation, applied questionnaires about quality of life and specific for overactive bladder. The intervention program was composed by 30 sessions of 20 minutes of tibial nerve electrical stimulation, three times a week, parameters F=10Hz and T=200 μs. Each ten sessions the participants were reevaluates with specifics questions about urinary urgency and UUI, OAB-V8, King's Health Questionnaire (KHQ) and voiding diary data were registered. In the final 30 sessions, women repeat all initial assessment process The statistical analyzes and comparison tests choices between variables were executed in agree with the presupposes determinates by results, characteristics and variables behavior of the study.


Wastewater treatment is an energy-demanding process with one of the main contributors to energy usage being the intensive aeration that aerobic bacteria require in order to break down organic waste materials1. Because of this, aeration alone accounts for roughly 50% of the energy used in the process2. Little research has been done to assess and model the effects of utilizing photosynthetic aeration sourced from algal microorganisms. Because algae are known to produce large amounts of dissolved oxygen in water, it is possible that their implementation would reduce the need for mechanical aeration2,3.


Human development is a component part of the development of socio-economic, natural-geographical systems. Currently, the need for comparative studies of human development appears increasingly imperative, in an attempt to track the level reached by states, regions or urban and rural human habitats within them, with the goal of evaluating the effectiveness of development policies applied by governments or regional and local administrations, beyond certain indicators or statistical series that attest to certain aspects of human development. Through this study, we proposed the calculation of the HDI at the level of human habitats of the North Development Region of the Republic of Moldova, with the expansion of the number of indicators taken into account, compared to the indicators taken into account by the UNDP in the calculation of the HDI of the states. This fact would allow a more accurate radiography of human development at the locality level. The purpose of this study is to estimate and determine the spatial differences of the Human Development Index (HDI) in the localities of the North Development Region in the context of the implementation of the Regional Development Strategy of the Republic of Moldova and the intention of European integration of the country. The main results of the study consist in the creation of a valuable cartographic set with reference to the four dimensions of human development, as well as the map of the aggregate index of human development related to the human habitats of the region, a typology that can serve as a benchmark in the agrumentation of territorial, administrative and financial decentralization which is to be implemented. The main methods used in the study: comparative, statistical, direct standardization, mathematical, the GIS system. The HDI study of the North RD includes 315 urban and rural localities within the region, through four dimensions that attest the level of human development and 12 indicators (values), these being related to the habitats of primary rank: communes and villages of their composition.


This paper examines some of the ways in which thin film coatings can play a role in aerospace applications. Space systems discussed include photovoltaic and solar dynamic electric power generation systems, including applications in environmental protection, thermal energy storage, and radiator emittance enhancement. Potential applications of diamondlike films to both atmospheric and space based systems are examined. Also, potential uses of thin films of the recently discovered high-temperature superconductive materials are discussed.


`For moderate increments above background, a linear relationship between the incremental dose and the incremental probability of a deleterious effect will be an adequate approximation' (International Commission on Radiological Protection). This, and similar statements going back over a number of years, validates the collective dose concept. Put simply, collective dose is the sum of the doses to all people in the exposed population and can be converted into the corresponding number of health effects on the basis of the linear dose - response relationship. Taking the argument further, collective dose can be linked to total detriment and, as a final step, a monetary cost can be assigned to unit collective dose representing the cost to society of the detriment. Collective doses find application in the optimisation of protection and estimates of total numbers of health effects have also been inputs to justification decisions. This all sounds intellectually satisfying and watertight until one looks deeper: is the collective dose concept applicable to large populations with very small individual doses and to populations that may exist several generations into the future? This report from the American National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements provides insights into these issues. The biological assumptions underpinning the collective dose concept are reviewed and issues surrounding the application of the concept to various situations are discussed. The review of the biological assumptions is detailed, covering cellular and animal studies on effects of ionising radiation together with epidemiological data from exposed human populations. The conclusion reached is that it is prudent to assume a linear dose - response relationship in the low dose region. However, NCRP concludes that direct supportive evidence is limited and ultimately confidence in this assumption may derive from mechanistic biophysical studies. In connection with possible collective doses delivered into the far future following, say, disposal of long-lived radionuclides, the report draws attention to the uncertainties in the fertility, size and location of future populations, and their level of medical technology. The report makes a number of recommendations which include: regulatory limits should not be set in terms of collective dose; collective dose is most useful when applied to populations with known characteristics; all doses should be included in collective dose calculations as there is no conceptual basis for excluding any individual doses no matter how small; calculation of collective doses to future populations should be done with care and with recognition of the uncertainties. The report presents the ideas and issues clearly. It is of considerable interest to those who were involved in the discussions surrounding the BNFL Sellafield authorisation three years ago. However, it is not the last word on the subject as further work and ideas are required on the applicability and interpretation of collective dose estimates, particularly in the context of optimisation of protection.


I was working on a particular gene family : the four helix cytokines. The major purpose of this work was to design a new method to detected still unknown members in the human genome. The first part of my work was to compare SVM classifiers, which is known as the best strategy for homologs research, from the literature. During the second part of my work, i designed automatical experts which deals with information like biological features. The last part of my work consisted in evaluating methods to aggregate classifiers and experts. This strategy achieve better results than the best classifer alone and it can easily be adapted to other gene family.


Accreditation of of Public health center an effort to improve the quality of clinical services. One indicator of service quality is patient satisfaction. The accreditation status of health center may be affected by the availability and completeness of health supplies, facilities, and infrastructure that support health services at the Public health center itself. The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship of Accreditation Status of Public health center with Quality of Service. This research was conducted in two Public health center of Simalungun Regency that is Tiga Dolok Public Health Center with accreditation Madya status and Huta Bayu Public Health Center which not yet accredited in February-April in 2018. This research use case control study approach (case and control), the sample use consecutive sampling technique with 92 respondents. Data were analyzed by using chi-square test and multiple linear regression test at 95% confidence. The results of this research know that from the results of bivariate tests, that the dimensions of service quality that related to the status of health center accreditation (p 0.05) are emphaty dimensions. From the results of multivariate test, it is known that the most dominant factor on the status of health center accreditation is the quality of service based on responsiveness dimension it Expected for Public health center that have been accredited in order to maintain the quality of service, and to health centers that have not been accredited to further improve the quality of service, so that what is expected by the community can be realized. Keywords: Public health center accreditation, service quality


Back ground: India has acquired the label of aging nation with 7.7% of its population being more than 60 years old. There has been a sharp increase in the proportion of elderly population in India as a result of demographic transition. [1] Determinants of physical and social health are important in elderly care. The elderly are also prone to abuse in their families or in institutional settings. This includes physical abuse (infliction of pain or injury), psychological or emotional abuse (infliction of mental anguish and illegal exploitation), and sexual abuse. Elderly people are highly prone to mental morbidities. Aims: To evaluate psycho-social status and activities of daily living and habits of the rural geriatric, population. Methodology: A community based Cross sectional study conducted during the period of December 2011 to June 2012 on persons aged 60 years and above. Eighteen villages were selected randomly from the Lalgudi taluk of Trichy district in state of Tamilnadu, and Twenty three elderly above 65 years subjects, willing to participate selected randomly from each of these villages and a total of 411 individuals included for this study. Results: Out of the 411 elderly persons 214 (52.1%) were males and 197(47.9%) were females. Among 381 elderly persons, 231 (60.6%); 145(38.1%) male and 86 (22.5%) female said that


We developed a magnetically driven microtool(MMT) used in a microfluidic chip for enucleation of oocyte. Size of the tool was greatly reduced compared with that of the conventional mechanical micromanipulator and was installed in a microfluidic chip. We succeeded in precise positioning of the tool (5 µm) with low disturbances. The tool is actuated noncontact by the magnetic force, therefore, the microfluidic chip part is fully disposable with low cost. Based on the novel and original design, we integrated a Robot-on-a-Chip (Robochip) and demonstrated on-chip enucleation of oocyte.


Volunteering offers great promise for the productive engagement of Hong Kong's ageing population. This paper begins with an overview of older adult volunteering in Hong Kong, including policy development and volunteer management. The focus of the paper is the low participation rate, which is the lowest among all age groups in Hong Kong, and is also lower than those of most developed societies. The reasons for this low level of participation will be examined by drawing on empirical studies and considering cultural factors. The goal is to identify the pull and push factors in the recruitment and retention of older volunteers. The paper concludes with recommendations on promoting volunteerism that is a win-win situation, both meeting older volunteers' self-oriented needs (e.g. acquiring new knowledge, contributing their own skills) and serving society through helping others.


One of the priorities of modern medicine is the development of biomaterials for tissue engineering, transplantation and vascular surgery. Such materials should facilitate the regeneration of damaged body organs and tissues. The problem of regeneration of wound lesions affecting various skin and soft tissues is related to a high rate of secondary infection, deep metabolic shifts in the conditions of severe inflammations, activated oxygen-independent phagocytosis and intensified free-radical response. In patients with wounds of various etiologies, modern clinical practice widely employs numerous wound dressings, where properties are specified in advance according to the stage the wound is going through. The principle of a wound coating is the provision of a moist abacterial environment, which is optimal for accelerated healing. The subjects of our experimental studies were 45 white laboratory rats (males, outbred, each weighing 250-300 g) with soft tissue wounds developed by a specifically designed method. As materials for wound treatment we used chitosan-based multilayer wound dressings of different structure and porosity degree. They were introduced into simulated wounds in the back area between the shoulder blades in rats. The experimental part of the study focused on the sorption capacity of the wound exudate obtained after extraction and weighing of the samples within the control time. The laboratory part of the experiment involved studying the sorption capacity of wound dressing samples in relation to distilled water and blood serum. The morphological assessment of the dressing samples surface was performed on a Helios NanoLab 600electron-ion scanning microscope. It was observed that chitosan-based multilayer wound dressings, had different morphological parameters and molecular structure as well as high sorption activity. Chitosan samples with a so-called loose structure and high porosity should be used in a clean (aseptic) wound at the initial stages of treatment, with no inflammation, where initially high adhesion to surrounding tissues is required, thus, ensuring tightness and keeping a blood clot within the wound. Chitosan samples with a tight-packed structure and a smaller diameter of pores showed good results in purulent inflammation (exudative phase) with a large amount of wound exudate. Due to its dense outer layer, their structure is capable of retaining the skeleton functions for a long time, thus offering effective drainage of the wound.


This work is an analysis of the environmental sensitivity of coastal and marine areas in the Gulf of Nicoya oil spill. In response to a lack of tools and tec...


The dynamic characteristics of an office building obtained from two types of experimental methods are discussed in this paper. A two-storey, moment resisting steel frame building, situated in Oakland California, was prototype tested in the late sixties. Forced and ambient tests were used to obtain frequencies of vibration and critical damping values of the structure. This building is also part of the California Strong Motion Instrumentation Program. Permanent instrumentation is another method of experimentation that provides data about the dynamic behaviour of real buildings in actual earthquakes. Instruments placed at several locations in the building recorded its motion during the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake. Some records have peaks of acceleration reaching 0.7g. The recorded motions at one of the corners of the first floor show the effects of pounding with an adjacent one-storey building. The results obtained form these different experimental methods provide excellent information to asses the dynamic characteristics of the building at different levels of excitation. The effect of pounding on the dynamic characteristics of the building is also investigated.


This paper presents a reduced area high order Dynamic Element Matching (DEM) scheme for use with multi-bit Delta Sigma data converters. The design leverages the increased digital signal processing afforded by low geometry CMOS processes to both improve performance and reduce analog circuit area. Within the converter, dual vector feedback DEMs are combined using a noise shaped splitter, this reduces logic area while providing 2nd order mismatch error shaping.


Summary
Multi-object metalwork deposits provide the foundation block for many branches of enquiry, yet surprisingly little attention has been paid to the methodological issues that underlie their analysis and interpretation. The framework outlined here aims to circumvent some of the dangers of circular argument inherent in the concepts of metalwork 'stages', 'phases' or 'traditions', as well as in assumptions of pan-regional synchronizations in metalwork developments. The term 'Assemblage' is defined to provide a carefully circumscribed but interpretatively neutral framework for the study of metalwork groups linked by association. Assemblage subdivisions allow significant internal variations to be explored for temporal, social and cultural meanings. These analytical devices used in conjunction with 'bubble chronologies' allow flexibility in detailed interpretation whilst holding on to a consensually agreed near-empirical structure. Consideration is also given to the problem of regional phase groups of metalwork that lack associations and thus preclude Assemblage definition. The case of the Penard Assemblage is salient owing to the debate about whether the 'Wallington complex' should be considered an integral part of it. Although the 'Assemblage/Aspect/Group' structure applied here can accommodate some divergence in views, available evidence supports typo-chronological coherence between Penard and Wallington material. Occasional associations used recently to justify a 'Limehouse phase' between Penard to Wilburton metalwork are just as easily understood as representing a transition towards 1100 bc. The lack of associations for the Limehouse family of swords, largely contemporary with late Penard, is argued to be an accentuation of the already rare occurrence of swords in earlier associations. The depositional phenomena of the Penard Assemblage are instead centred on an array of palstaves, rapiers, spearheads, shields and gold ornaments.


We developed a bimodal polystyrene (PS)/multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) nanocomposite foam with a thermal conductivity of 30 mW/m-K without using any insulation gas. The MWCNTs were critical to the heat transfer because they decreased radiation significantly through the foams. A theoretical model has been proposed to analyze the thermal conductivity in nanocomposite foams. The proposed model verified the superior heatblocking characteristics of the bimodal cellular morphology and the MWCNTs as follows: (1) The primary large cells acted to decrease the solid conduction; (2) The secondary small cells induced the Knudsen effect on gas conduction; and (3) The MWCNTs intensively blocked the IR transmission.


This paper is intended to present application in the microwave frequency range having title quad band ultrathin polarization insensitive metamaterial absorber based on the four resonators for C and X band applications. The inventive geometry of the unit cell constitutes of centrally cross split crucifer shaped resonator with SRR (square ring resonator), three annular rings on the each corner and at the each edge one annular ring. These resonators are printed on the FR4 epoxy ((permittivity=4.4), (loss tangent=0.02)) and bottom plane fully laminated with copper. The entire absorber has four peculiar absorption peaks obtained at 5.96GHz, 8.42GHz, 10.53GHz and 11.44GHz give absorption 99.9%, 99.8%, 98.6% and 95.06% respectively. The absorption with full width half maximum of 230, 330, 380 and 370MHz in the range (5.846.07), (8.25-8.58), (10.34-10.72) and (11.25-11.62) at corresponding frequencies. the unit cell is simulated for both TE and TM mode of polarization the absorber justify the stability of the absorber for different polarization angles. The property of polarization insensitivity is acquired because quadruplicate symmetry of the suggested unit cell. Surface distribution reveals the idea about the physical comprehension of the suggested unit cell.


From popular accounts, one would gain the impression that our current international economic environment is unusually crisis prone. The European crisis of 1992–93, the Mexican crisis of 1994–95, the Asian crisis of 1997–98, and the other currency and banking crises that peppered the 1980s and 1990s dominate journalistic accounts of recent decades. This 'crisis problem' is seen as perhaps the single most distinctive financial characteristic of our age.


The rates as well as the incidence of testicular carcinoma and male infertility have increased simultaneously during recent decades. Overall, the incidence of testicular Germ cell tumors (GCTs) is low, occupying 1-2% of all male malignancies in the 15-35 years age group it is the most common cancer. It is observed that 95% the cancer is GCT and 3% of it is bilateral. Due to modern treatment modalities available, the survival rates have been reported to be greater than 90% especially in the cases of seminomotous germ cell tumors.


Abstract. Transit time distributions (TTDs) of streamflow are useful descriptors for understanding flow and solute transport in catchments. Catchment-scale TTDs can be modeled using tracer data (e.g. oxygen isotopes, such as δ18O) in inflow and outflows by employing StorAge Selection (SAS) functions.
However, tracer data are often sparse in space and time, so they need to be interpolated to increase their spatiotemporal resolution. Moreover, SAS functions can be parameterized with different forms, but there is no general agreement on which one should be used. Both of these aspects induce uncertainty in the simulated TTDs, and the individual uncertainty sources as well as their combined effect have not been fully investigated.
This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the TTD uncertainty resulting from 12 model setups obtained by combining different interpolation schemes for δ18O in precipitation and distinct SAS functions.
For each model setup, we found behavioral solutions with satisfactory model performance for in-stream δ18O (KGE > 0.55, where KGE refers to the Kling–Gupta efficiency). Differences in KGE values were statistically significant, thereby showing the relevance of the chosen setup for simulating TTDs.
We found a large uncertainty in the simulated TTDs, represented by a large range of variability in the 95 % confidence interval of the median transit time, varying at the most by between 259 and 1009 d across all tested setups. Uncertainty in TTDs was mainly associated with the temporal interpolation of δ18O in precipitation, the choice between time-variant and time-invariant SAS functions, flow conditions, and the use of nonspatially interpolated δ18O in precipitation.
We discuss the implications of these results for the SAS framework, uncertainty characterization in TTD-based models, and the influence of the uncertainty for water quality and quantity studies.


By performing the electronic structure computation of a Si atom, we compare two iteration algorithms of Broyden electron density mixing in the literature. One was proposed by Johnson and implemented in the well-known VASP code. The other was given by Eyert. We solve the Kohn-Sham equation by using a conventional outward/inward integration of the differential equation and then connect two parts of solutions at the classical turning points, which is different from the method of the matrix eigenvalue solution as used in the VASP code. Compared to Johnson's algorithm, the one proposed by Eyert needs fewer total iteration numbers.


In this article, I use van Manen and Li's notion of pathic dimensions of pedagogy to reflect theoretically on one pattern of meaning – recognizing 'that' and 'what' is not understood – from my phenomenological study of moments teachers recognized and responded when students did not understand something during instruction. In short, the term pathic refers to felt, sensed, relational, and situational knowledges and practices. A pathic pedagogy assumes that acts of teaching depend on dimensions such as relational perceptiveness and tact for knowing what to say and do in contingent situations. Through this theoretical reflection I assert that pathic pedagogies are often, as Luke reminds us, embedded in some of the most ordinary and everyday work that teachers experience – such as moments when students do not understand something during instruction. With this in mind, I use selected aspects of the pattern to momentarily 'disembed' this everyday practice in order to amplify pathic pedagogies – suggesting that teachers must continually wonder about and pursue their students' understanding. I close by asking those who work with teachers to consider the same in their everyday work.


A one-dimensional analytical model of 2DEG-FETs has been developed in which the effect of the source-gate resistance Rsq and velocity saturation are included. When the electron mobility μ, the electron drift peak velocity Ve, the source-gate resistance Rsg and the AlGaAs film thickness d are varied, the corresponding transconductance gm and the conductance coefficient K are numerically studied in detail. With the present model, the device characteristics of the "MIS"-like 2DEG-FET with a thick n+-GaAs cap layer and an undoped AlGaAs gate have been analyzed. From the point of application of 2DEG-FETs to a high speed LSI, the design guideline of the device has been studied. For the device parameters of the gate length Lg = 0.2 μm, the transistor width W = 10 μm, Rsg = 15 Ω, d = 22 mm, μ = 8000 cm2/Vs and Ve = 2 × 107 cm/s, the expected device characteristics are K = 10.0 mA/V2, the sourcegate capacitance Cgs = 10.0 fF, gm = 700 mS/mm and fT = 110 GHz.


Recent developments in CMOS devices such as FinFET, FDSOI or stacked nanowire FETs (SNWFETs) have led the industry to consider increasingly complex integration processes while aiming at smaller and smaller devices. This paper proposes new concepts of device integration based on the use of hydrogen silsesquioxane (HSQ). Recently employed to replace polysilicon sacrificial gate in gate last processes, its use could also be extended for building the whole transistor level including device lateral insulation, multiworkfonction layouts, self-aligned contacts and possibly the first layer of metal interconnects. If several EUV masks could be employed for such a use, HSQ patterning once enhanced by multi-electron beam lithography, could allow to perform all these features within a single exposure step without involving any conventional etching or stripping steps.


Reliable estimates indicate that between 192I and I93I the amount of the indebtedness on urban real estate in the United States more than trebled; this debt per capita more than doubled; the ratio of this debt of real estate values more than trebled; and the ratio of the annual charges on this debt to the national income more than doubled.' The burden of the debt was, of course, increased by the decline in income and property values during the depression. By I932 the number of foreclosures in urban areas, which had risen steadily even during the years of prosperity, had mounted to nearly four times the 1926 level.2 New lending had practically ceased. Such demand for loans as existed arose almost entirely from the necessity of refinancing existing obligations, and lending institutions, pressed for liquidity, were unable to meet even this demand. These developments focused attention on certain basic defects which had long existed in this portion of the credit system. The most important of these defects may be listed as follows:3 (i) the instability of real estate values, resulting from population movements and enhanced by the flow of speculative funds into and out of the real estate market, which has caused lenders to restrict their first mortgage loans to rather low percentages of appraised property values; (2) the unsatisfactory, costly, and frequently illegal system of second and third mortgages, resulting from the fact that many families attempting home ownership have not been able to provide from their own funds the difference between the amount of


We study how single-qubit dispersive readout works alongside two qubit coupling. To make calculations analytically tractable, we use a simplified model which retains core characteristics of but is discretised compared to dispersive homodyne detection. We show how measurement speed and power determine what information about the qubit(s) is accessed. Specifically we find the basis the measurement is closest to projecting onto. Compared to the basis gates are applied in, this measurement basis is modified by the presence of photons in the readout resonator.


Integral to school restructuring is the need to create time for school staff to participate in developing a vision, setting goals, formulating plans, training, and exchanging experiences. The use of time is both the object of and the chief impediment to change. The study surveyed educational literature, and business management journals, supplementing these with interviews and data from other Rand studies. "A Timely Problem," the first of four sections, documents the substantial demands for time associated with restructuring. "The Role of Time in Achieving Change" examines now change requires: (1) removing some existing demands on time; (2) adequate investments of time and resources during implementation; and (3) sustained commitment. Successful implementation relies on scheduling time with appropriate lengths, frequency, and availability to key participants. "Time-Creation Devices" outlines six major approaches, including promoting time outside the classroom, refocusing existing commitments, rescheduling, prolonging the work year, and enhancing the efficiency of time use. "Promoting Time for Reform" makes specific policy recommendations for broad application throughout the educational system. (TEJ) *********************************************************************** * Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. * ***********************************************************************


This study presents the influence of ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as a crosslinking agent through electron beam crosslinking process. Therefore, the effects of EGDMA on irradiated low density polyethylene/sepiolite (LDPE/SEP) nanocomposites on the tensile and thermal properties at 4 part per hundred resin (phr) sepiolite were investigated. The LDPE/SEP nanocomposites were prepared by melt mixing using twin screw extruder at 160 ˚C with a screw speed of 50 rpm. The nanocomposites were then undergone injection moulding process followed by irradiated using 2 MeV electron beam machine at doses ranging from 0 to 200 kGy in the air at ambient temperature. It was found that the tensile strength and Young's modulus were slightly increased with the presence of co-agent. The sample containing 4 phr sepiolite at 200 kGy showed 9% increase in tensile strength when EGDMA was added. However, the result of thermogravimetry analysis (TGA) showed some reduction in thermal stability of nanocomposites on 100 kGy i...


FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: one months before a coagulation procedure on the third day of menstrual cycle, a course of immunotherapy with pyrogenal is conducted. The course starts with a dose of 25 mcg intramuscularly every 48 hours. The dose is gradually increased by 25 mcg until a body temperature increases to min. 38°C, but no more than a maximum dose of pyrogenal of no more than 150 mcg. Once the temperature increases, a combination antibacterial, antiprotozoal, antimycotic and antiviral therapy combined with the preparation Galavit starts. The latter is used in the form of rectal suppositories in a dose of 100 mg during 10 days. The coagulation procedure is performed on the second day after the following menstruation terminates. On the third, fifth and seventh post-coagulation day, the cervix is processed with the preparation Galavit in the form of 100 mg of a dry substance dissolved in 5 ml of Miramistin with inserting a tampon wetted in the solution for 5 hours. EFFECT: method enables providing higher therapeutic effectiveness in cervical ectopia and ensuring more reliable prevention of recurrences. 3 tbl, 2 ex


A precision angle measurement system, also called autocollimator, is a precise module at optical testing or fabricating system. A precision angle measurement system can be measured straightness of guideway, accuracy of rotating platform, parallel and decentered of optical components. Instrument Technology Research Center (ITRC), National Applied Research Laboratories (NARLabs) develops precise opto-mechanical engineering over 35 years, and has many experiences for the development of opto-mechanical system. In recent years, ITRC develops high precise optical components and modules using in semiconductor equipment. In order to upgrade self-made abilities of high precision angle measurement system in Taiwan, ITRC develops a precision angle measurement system with 300 mm in focal length, 46 mm in diameter, and 6.5 in f/# in this paper.


Objective
To understand the demands for participating in clinical decision-making in patients with breast cancer by the investigation.

Methods
From September 2014 to December 2014, we investigated 148 cases of breast cancer patients in Fujian Medical University Union Hospital by the research table of Expectation in Clinical Decision-making Participation. Survey contents include general information, the expectation of participating in clinical decision-making, and so on.

Results
Patients with breast cancer who were younger and with more income had higher demand of communication (χ2=4.312, 9.151; P<0.05). Patients with higher education level had higher expectations of participating in decision-making(χ2=3.901, P<0.05).

Conclusions
Breast cancer patients at different ages and incomes show different requirements to communicate about clinical decision-making, and patients of different education level also have different demands of participation in decision-making. Clinical nurses should enhance communication between patients and nurses according to the different demands of patients, inorder to meet patients′ needs about information, communication and decision-making of treatment, and promote the codetermination decision-making between doctor and patient.

Key words:
Breast cancer; Medical decision-making; Demand