In the recent 20 years, landslide risk mapping has become more important in landslide mitigation. GIS technique,as a quantitatively spatial analysis method,has more and more been used to landslide risk assessment. In this paper the methods and procedures of landslide risk mapping was discussed, and a systematic method used to (identification) and calculation of different landslide risk subzones was described. As a case study, the Red River basin of Yunnan, China was taken as an example for the landslide risk mapping using a GIS technology. The result demonstrates that the landslide risk mapping can be as a decision-making tool in dealing with landslide problems.


Absract: Self-diffusion features of natural hydrocarbon liquids through porous medium of clay have been studied by PFG NMR method. The samples of oil fields in the Republic of Tatarstan (Russia) were investigated. These were samples of ordinary (light) and highly viscous (heavy) crude oil. As heavy oil was taken the samples of residual oil and high-temperature fraction were extracted from conventional oil. Fluids have been studied both in pure (bulk) form as well as enclosed in porous medium. As the porous medium was used kaolinite (clay mineral) with a specific surface area 9 / . The dependencies of the effective self-diffusion coefficients on the mass fraction of fluid in a medium of kaolinite were investigated. It was found that for systems the heavy oil – kaolinite was observed the usual dependencies , which indicatesthat the liquid's molecular mobility is decreased with increase of share obstacles in the samples. An anomalously enhanced self-diffusion in the samples of light oil – kaolinite was detected under certain conditions. These conditions are partial filling of porous space the kaolinite by liquid and a sufficiently high temperature in the system. The unusual state of enhanced self-diffusion is caused by the presence of the vapor liquid in the free part of pore space. A fast molecular exchange between coexisting the liquid and gas phases in the samples light oil – kaolinite provides realization the enhanced self-diffusion in them.


Granular mechanics plays an important role in many branches of science and engineering, from astrophysics applications in planetary and interstellar dust clouds, to processing of industrial mixtures and powders. In this context, a granular simulation model with improved adhesion and friction, is implemented within the open source code LAMMPS (lammps.sandia.gov). The performance of this model is tested in both CPU and GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) clusters, comparing with performance for the LAMMPS implementation of another often used interaction model, the Lennard-Jones potential. Timing shows accelerations of ∼4-10x for GPUs versus CPUs, with good parallel scaling in a hybrid GPU-CPU cluster.


OBJECTIVE
To determine whether a preoperative imaging protocol relying predominantly on a chest X-ray film (CXR) and ultrasound in patients with Wilms' tumor is adequate for patient management and to determine the frequency more sophisticated imaging, in particular, computed tomography (CT), is required.

DESIGN AND SETTING
Historical cohort study at a tertiary pediatric hospital.

SUBJECTS
60 consecutive patients with Wilms' tumor treated at our institution between 1980 and 1990.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE
The preoperative imaging was recorded and 2- and 4-year survival were compared with the National Wilms' Tumor Study.

RESULTS
100% of patients had a preoperative CXR, 95% abdominal ultrasound, 5% abdominal CT, 13% chest CT, 47% abdominal X-ray, 2% aortography, 5% cavography, and 35% intravenous urography. The overall 2- and 4-year survivals of 92% and 90%, respectively, did not statistically differ from the National Wilms' Tumor Study 2- and 4-year survivals of 94% and 91%.

CONCLUSIONS
A preoperative imaging protocol relying predominantly on a CXR and abdominal ultrasound does not reduce survival. Other more sophisticated imaging, in particular, CT, is not required in the majority of cases and is warranted only when a CXR or ultrasound is unable to resolve relevant management problems.


Drain-to-source current of independently-driven double gate (ID-DG) MOSFET is analytically computed following Ortiz-Conde model in sub 100 nm channel length in presence of different high-K dielectrics. Fowler-Nordheim tunneling concept is invoked due to reduced dielectric thickness; and front gate control is tailored to analyze the effect on current and pinch-off voltage. Excellent agreement is observed with published literatures for high front-gate voltage when device is lightly doped; which speaks in favor of the work within dimensional constraints. Percentage change of current considering body effect is estimated for different gate bias. Result speaks in favor of low power analog applications.


The γ-tubulin ring complex (γTuRC), purified from the cytoplasm of vertebrate and invertebrate cells, is a microtubule nucleator in vitro. Structural studies have shown that γTuRC is a structure shaped like a lock-washer and topped with a cap. Microtubules are thought to nucleate from the uncapped side of the γTuRC. Consequently, the cap structure of the γTuRC is distal to the base of the microtubules, giving the end of the microtubule the shape of a pointed cap. Here, we report the cloning and characterization of a new subunit of Xenopus γTuRC, Xgrip210. We show that Xgrip210 is a conserved centrosomal protein that is essential for the formation of γTuRC. Using immunogold labeling, we found that Xgrip210 is localized to the ends of microtubules nucleated by the γTuRC and that its localization is more distal, toward the tip of the γTuRC-cap structure, than that of γ-tubulin. Immunodepletion of Xgrip210 blocks not only the assembly of the γTuRC, but also the recruitment of γ-tubulin and its interacting protein, Xgrip109, to the centrosome. These results suggest that Xgrip210 is a component of the γTuRC cap structure that is required for the assembly of the γTuRC.


The temperature and nonlinear characteristics of Fiber Optic Gyro (FOG) are analyzed,and position and angular velocity experiments are carried out based on the temperature test system,so the effects of different temperature and angular velocity on FOG's output can be studied. According to experimental results,temperature error model of zero bias and temperature and nonlinear error model of scale factor of FOG are built,whose parameters are estimated by using least square method. Through simulation,it is proved that the built models can reflect the temperature and nonlinear characteristics of FOG very well. Then the compensation can be done based on the models,and the accuracy of FOG can be improved greatly.


We address the question: do technology investors differ from traditional investors? Employing a conjoint methodology, we identified 28 technology investors from a sample of 68 European early stage investors. Comparing the two groups of investors we found that: (1) technology investors were not more likely to receive public funding than traditional investors; (2) technology investors had more investment management experience than traditional investors; and (3) technology investors had more consulting experience than traditional investors. Our research has implications for public policy, aimed at resolving the market failure for high-tech investments, high-tech entrepreneurs looking for venture capital (VC) funding, and VC funds.


The changes of chlorophylls and main metabolites in three cultivars of Triticum aestivum L. under the effects of osmotic and lead stresses, as well as their interaction, were investigated. The results indicated that, the decreased Ψs and Pb concentration caused an increase in the chlorophyll content in all plants. Conversely, the chl. a/b ratio was decreased. Apparently, the total soluble proteins were increased in response to low Ψs and Pb, except in roots of cv. Giza168 which were increased under high Pb concentrations. Statically, the Ψs had the predominant role on chlorophyll content, chl. a/b ratio and total soluble proteins in all investigated plants. The significant correlations between chlorophyll content and soluble proteins were negative.


Three species of mephitids coexist in the Tehuacán-Cuicatlán biosphere reserve (TCBR) and belong to a guild of mammalian carnivores that feed mainly on invertebrates.  To infer the interspecific interactions that allow coexistence, we aimed to compare activity patterns and abundance of hog-nosed skunk (Conepatus leuconotus), hooded skunk (Mephitis macroura), and southern spotted skunk (Spilogale angustifrons) in a tropical dry forest with ecological integrity.  We analyzed activity patterns and overlap, and compared the relative abundance index (IAR) of mephitids, between rainy and dry seasons and among species, and used 235 records for C. leuconotus, 39 for M. macroura, and 42 for S. angustifrons from 15 camera-trap stations in Mount Tepetroja, Puebla, from May 1st, 2013 to April 30th, 2020.  The three mephitids were active mainly during the nocturnal period, although C. leuconotus showed a unimodal pattern with activity peak around midnight, M. macroura had a bimodal pattern with activity peaks during the crepuscular hours at sunset and sunrise, and S. angustifrons had a unimodal pattern with activity peak around 2:00 a.m.  Mean activity of C. leuconotus (µ±SE = 00:42 ± 00:12 h) and M. macroura (01:02 ± 00:33 h) were similar (P = 0.32), and differed from the mean activity of S. angustifrons (01:49 ± 00:23 h, P = 0.02).  C. leuconotus had the highest IAR (2.53 to 7.90) and differed from M. macroura (0.44 to 1.21) and S. angustifrons (0.83 to 0.96) in both seasons (P < 0.01).  C. leuconotus and M. macroura showed higher IAR during the rainy season, in contrast with S. angustifrons that had no differences in IAR between seasons.  The mephitids presented temporal segregation and variability in seasonal abundance as coexistence mechanisms.  S. angustifrons showed the most restricted circadian activity and avoided the other two mephitids' activity peaks.  C. leuconotus was the most abundant species; thus, we inferred that the hog-nosed skunk determined the dynamics of intraguild interactions among mephitids in the tropical dry forest in the TCBR.


This paper deals with the portrayal of a historical figure, the rebel leader Huang Chao(d. 884),in a Qing religious text in the baojuan (precious scroll) genre. This study considers the Baojuanof Mulian Rescuing His Mother in Three Rebirths (ca. nineteenth century)as a representative example of the practice of embedding historical events and figures in popular literature of the late imperial period. The study also takes into account other related materials, most notably novels and plays that also portray the failed Huang Chao rebellion. It demonstrates how different literary and religious traditions contributed to Huang Chao's image in thisbaojuan text. The main aims of this project include tracing the literary sources of the Huang Chao image in the baojuan text; the identification of similar features shared by Huang Chao and another figure from popular and religious literature, the demon-queller, Zhong Kui; an analysis of the portrayal of Huang Chao in the role of an exorcist; and an interpretation of the baojuan text in the context of popular ritual traditions. An exploration of the literary and historical sources of this text illustrates the interaction of elite and popular values in Chinese popular literature of the late imperial period, and the paper seeks to reevaluate baojuan texts in the context of this interaction.


Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding i.e., dysfunctional uterine bleed is one of the most frequent problems that occur in women of all ages. It occurs due to various disorders. Endometrial biopsy remains a preferred sampling procedure for the diagnosis of endometrial pathology. This study was conducted to determine the type, frequency of endometrial pathologies in women presenting with AUB, and their association with different age groups. Materials and Methods: This was retrospective study conducted in Histopathology Section of the Pathology Department of the Rural Institute of Medical Science and Research, Saifai, Etawah. Five hundred and forty seven (547) patients who have undergone endometrial biopsies and who clinically presented with AUB were included in this study. The pattern of endometrial pathologies was diagnosed, classified, and it was compared in terms of age. Result: Out of the 563 patients who have undergone endometrial biopsies and who presented with AUB, 547 were included in study and others were discarded because of scanty tissue. The patients were aged between 15 years and 72 years, and most of the patients were aged between 41 years and 50 years (36.56%). The common clinical presentation was menorrhagia (42.96%). The most common pattern on histopathology was secretory endometrium (28.33%). Pregnancy related pathology was also forming a bulk (17.36%), whereas incidence rate of malignancy was low (1.09%). Conclusion: AUB is the common clinical complaint interfering with the quality of life in healthy women. Endometrial sampling therefore, biopsy or curettage, is an important diagnostic procedure for the evaluation of AUB with special preference above 35 years of age to rule out malignancy.


Background: We studied polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) in fifty 25- to 37-year-old women who failed to conceive with clomiphene citrate treatment. Methods: Twenty patients were submitted to treatment with low-dose (75 IU) urinary FSH (uFSH) in order to achieve ovulation and 30 patients were treated with recombinant FSH (rFSH) according to the same protocol. Results: Ovulation was achieved in 75 and 97% of the cycles after uFSH and rFSH, respectively (p < 0.02). The length of treatment needed to achieve ovulation, the number of ampules given and dose per kilogram were significantly lower in the rFSH group. Mild ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) was observed in 9 uFSH cycles, whereas only 1 of the women treated with rFSH developed an OHSS (1/38 vs. 9/36; p < 0.01). Conclusion: rFSH is more efficient than uFSH in inducing ovulation in PCOS patients. The high prevalence of ovulatory cycles using a lower dose guaranteed greater safety of treatment and significantly reduced the incidence of OHSS.


It was established that the development of the agricultural sector, including fisheries, to date, given the acknowledged priority of Ukraine's integration into the EU can't be implemented beyond the transition to modern international and European standards. It is grounded methodological support of public administration in the process of adapting the agricultural sector to EU requirements


ABSTRACT Interest in nanoparticles has increased rapidly over the last few years, becoming one of the most compelling scopes of research fields. The microbial methods utilized for biomediated nanoparticle synthesis are the most favourable and well-established substitute for the classic chemical and physical methods. In this study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were biosynthesized by reducing Ag+ ions using a cell-free supernatant derived from Bacillus aerius culture and silver nitrate (AgNO3) solution as a precursor. The reaction mixture exhibited a colour change from yellow to brown, and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy showed a surface plasmon resonance peak at 420 nm. The nanoparticles were monodispersed and spherical with an average particle size of 20.12–29.48 nm as determined by transmission electron microscopy. The Fourier transform infrared spectrum revealed the capping of AgNPs with biomolecular compounds that were responsible for the reduction of AgNO3 to AgNPs. The biosynthesized AgNPs had powerful and potent antibacterial activity against many multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens. Moreover, the in vitro dose-dependent antioxidant activity of the aqueous extract of AgNP components showed good antioxidant activity as compared to the standard antioxidant ascorbic acid. These outcomes support the advantages of green techniques for synthesizing AgNPs that can be utilized effectively in the production of potential antioxidant and antibacterial AgNPs for commercial application.


Based on the existing structural design code for pressure vessel and nuclear light water reactor power stations, situations for metallic structures in hightemperature gas-cooled reactors (HTGRs) are described for those metallic structures that mainly operate in temperature ranges of time-independent and time-dependent materials properties. The ASME Code Case N 47 is critically reviewed. For advanced HTGRs with components for operating temperatures >800/sup 0/C, no nuclear accepted structural design code exists. The status of the ongoing work for the basis of those codes is given with the main emphasis on the situation in the Federal Republic of Germany.


1.1.1 This opinion is the response to a request made by Commissioner Loyola Palacio. In her letter of referral of 2 July 2004, after stating that 'the Commission appreciates the active role played by the Economic and Social Committee in promoting an open dialogue between the non-state actors of the ACP and the European Union' she asks the Committee to draw up an 'exploratory opinion on how to include social aspects in the negotiations on the Economic Partnership Agreements, concentrating on employment, labour standards, social security and gender questions'.


THE RESULTS OF A SURVEY THAT FOCUSED UPON THE ATTITUDES, OPINIONS, AND EXPECTATIONS OF PERSONS WHO OWN OR OPERATE BUSINESSES THAT LIE WITHIN THE CORRIDOR ARE PUBLISHED. THE DATA ARE ANALYZED WITH REGARD TO THE FOLLOWING TOPICS: BUSINESSMEN'S KNOWLEDGE AND SOURCES OF INFORMATION ABOUT FREEWAY DEVELOPMENTS; CAUSATIVE FACTORS IN THE FORMATION OF PRO VS, CON ATTITUDES TOWARD THE FREEWAY; BUSINESSMEN'S OPINIONS REGARDING ELEMENTS IN FREEWAY LOCATION AND DESIGN; AND BUSINESSMEN'S DECISION-MAKING AND EXPECTATIONS WITH RESPECT TO FREEWAY DEVELOPMENTS. SOME TENTATIVE CONCLUSIONS AND SOME USEFUL HYPOTHESES FOR CONSIDERATION IN THE HIGHWAY PLANNING PROCESS ARE PRESENTED. EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION BETWEEN THE HIGHWAY AGENCY AND INTERESTED GROUPS IS OF GREAT IMPORTANCE IN INCREASING THE TOTAL NET BENEFITS GENERATED BY A NEW FREEWAY. /FHWA/


This paper examines the complexities of providing housing support services for people who have experienced homelessness. The evidence is from a qualitative study of both those receiving and those providing support services for homeless people to resettle into the wider community from homeless accommodation in the Merseyside area. Different approaches of support are considered and using narratives, a model of successful support is established. The experiences of the majority of the service users strongly suggest that support has been critical in assisting a resettled way of life after being homeless. The paper contends that a critical prerequisite of successful support is the strength of desire of the homeless person to become resettled, coupled with a degree of motivation to engage with support services. The importance of such motivation should not be underestimated. Equally important to the success of resettlement is the relationship that most clients develop with a support worker. This relationship can initially develop while attempting to resolve practical difficulties of finding suitable, permanent accommodation. Through a mutual respect between worker and client and a high degree of empathy from a worker towards a client in tandem with an individualized support package aimed at independent living successful outcomes can occur. The paper concludes that support is successful when it is provided in a flexible manner thus relying on the skill and ability of a support worker to adequately judge the exact requirements of a service user. When this delicate balance between support and service user needs is achieved, the outcome is long-term sustainable housing solutions.


Nielsen, J. (1993). Iterative User Interface Design. IEEE Computer, 26(11), 32-41. Nielsen, J. (1994). Estimating the number of subjects needed for a thinking aloud test. International Journal of HumanComputer Studies, 41(3), 385-397. Nielsen, J. (2008). 25 Years in Usability. www.useit.com/alertbox/25-years-usability.html Pirker, M. (2016, March 24). 7 Step Guide to Guerrilla Usability Testing: DIY Usability Testing Method. https://userbrain.net/blog/7-step-guide-guerrilla-usability-testing-diy-usability-testing-method Unger, R., Warfel, T. Z. (2011, February 15). Getting Guerrilla With It. UX Magazine. https://uxmag.com/articles/getting-guerrilla-with-it Wee, M., Jovanovich, M., Humphreys, D. (2015, September 1). The Joy of UXing: The beginners guide to UX design. https://www.peakusability.com.au/articles/the-joy-of-uxing-beginners-guide Redesigning websites based on testing "can substantially improve usability" (Nielsen, 1993). However, many avoid it. • Research seen "expensive and time-consuming" (Unger & Warfel, 2011) • Belief that user tests are for large budgets only • Management hesitant to invest resources into unproven projects Thank you for participating in our Usability Study. We're trying to get feedback on website we are working on so we can see how it works with real users. We're going to go through a series of tasks and take notes on your responses to figure out how we can improve the site. It should take around 5 minutes.


AbstractThe austral spring relationships between sea surface temperature (SST) trends and the Southern Hemisphere (SH) extratropical atmospheric circulation are investigated using an atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM). A suite of simulations are analyzed wherein the AGCM is forced by underlying SST conditions in which recent trends are constrained to individual ocean basins (Pacific, Indian, and Atlantic), allowing the impact of each region to be assessed in isolation. When forced with observed global SST, the model broadly replicates the spatial pattern of extratropical SH geopotential height trends seen in reanalyses. However, when forcing by each ocean basin separately, similar structures arise only when Atlantic SST trends are included. It is further shown that teleconnections from the Atlantic are associated with perturbations to the zonal Walker circulation and the corresponding intensification of the local Hadley cell, the impact of which results in the development of atmospheric Rossby w...


The influence of enhanced UV-B radiation on plants, an integral adaptive mechanism in plants to enhanced UV-B radiation and how UV-B-exposed plants balance damage, repair and adaptation responses in a photo biologically dynamic environment were reviewed in this paper.


The article deals with the usages of the transitive English verbs make and destroy. The classical approach to the categorization of transitive verbs disregards variation in the categorial status of some of its members. By contrast, the paper describes the mechanisms of the gradual ambivalence inherent in the category of transitivity.


School leaders are to be instructional leaders within a digital environment, just as they are expected to do in the non-digital environment. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors which high school administrators perceive to influence their knowledge and confidence to lead in a digital school environment. Findings suggest that administrators should seek professional development opportunities, knowledgeable and confident colleagues, and opportunities to supervise others to increase knowledge and confidence.


ABSTRACT This article is about self-defined social identities, other people's perceptions of us and the potentially conflictual relationship between these two. Building on a Barthian focus on group boundaries, the article takes the interplay between external categorizations and internal group definitions as its point of departure to examine how individuals negotiate the boundaries of their social identities. Based on a case study of skilled migrants with racialized ethnicities in Finland, I look at how they express their self-defined identity as well-to-do, skilled professionals in the face of contradicting categorizations of them as un-skilled, lower-class migrant subjects. I identify two types of complementary approaches employed by the skilled migrants in boundary making strategies to their identity negotiations: those de-emphasizing ethnicity (or its importance), and those emphasizing class status. These approaches are two sides of the same coin; coming from different perspectives, they both aim at a more positively viewed identity, and for individuals to be seen as well-to-do, educated, working professionals, rather than as ethnic migrant subjects. As such, the article also highlights the interconnection of class and ethnicity for the social identities of skilled migrants in Finland.


Near-orthogonal transmission over MIMO broadcast channels with limited feedback is addressed, identifying the intrinsic tradeoffs that govern the system performance in terms of sum rate. A low-complexity scheme is proposed for joint scheduling and beamforming, which employs feedback in the form of quantized channel directions and lower bounds on each user's received SINR, given a maximum orthogonality factor epsi between transmit beamforming vectors (epsi = 0 if orthogonal beamforming). The authors assume a simple power allocation, which consists of distributing the available power equally over the active beams. In a system with K active users and a given average SNR, the authors show that the sum rate is a function of the number of antennas, the number of active beams (considered less than or equal to the number of antennas), the orthogonality factor epsi and the quantization codebook size. A practical rate function is derived for the described system which approximates the average sum rate accurately as validated through computer simulations. Based on the proposed rate function, optimality of SDMA vs. TDMA systems with asymptotically large number of users is shown. In addition, the authors provide a performance comparison between the proposed algorithm with limited feedback and other approaches with different level of channel state information at the transmitter.


The values of pixels in an image may, for various reasons, be known only imprecisely. If so, the texture of that image may be used to help estimate the true pixel values. Texture is the interrelation of pixels in an image; where there is texture, the value of one pixel may give clues as to the values of other pixels. This chapter describes how to find the most likely pixel values of an image where only upper and lower bounds on these values are known, using a texture model. Imprecise knowledge of an image usually takes the form of an image with additive noise. This noise might be generated as a result of storing an image in a lossy format such as JPEG or GIF, introduced while converting it from analogue to digital form, or produced by an analogue device. The amount of noise may depend on the position in the image, or even the content of the image. Restoration of images stored in lossy formats is of particular interest, given the large number of these images that now exist (for example, on the WorldWide Web). The novel feature introduced in this chapter, as compared to other methods 1


Security and trust play a critical role in e-commerce transactions. Web sites project the trustworthiness of the business. In this regard, web design should take into account the user perceptions concerning security and trust in facilitating e-commerce. In this study, the authors focused on these two key aspects. Successful interaction with an e-commerce site depends on attracting and maintaining user's trust of the web business. To assess the security and trust perception, the authors designed and surveyed more than 1000 college students, a major group supporting e-commerce. The authors developed three hypotheses concerning e-commerce web site design with respect to trust, security, and privacy. In this paper, the authors identify important user expectations with regard to web site design and test the hypotheses. As E-commerce is global, this analysis includes results from other countries besides the U.S.


Molecular dynamics simulations are used to investigate the dynamics of fluid flow into empty cylindrical pores with diameters between 1.5 and 5 nm. Model system parameters are chosen to represent xenon in silica pores. The principal data collected are the amount of fluid in the cylinders and the density profile of the fluid. The effects of both pore diameter and fluid temperature are considered. The temperature is found to have little effect on the penetration of the fluid into the pore until temperatures close to the critical point are reached. The cylinder diameter has a substantial effect, and for diameters ≥2 nm, the rate of fluid flow into the pore is proportional to its cross-sectional area. Last, at subcritical temperatures in all but the smallest (1.5 nm) cylinders, the total amount of fluid in the cylinder is observed to grow as the square root of the time.


This paper investigates the productivity growth and efficiency change of selected automobile industry in India during 2009–2015. This study uses data envelopment analysis (DEA) technique to measure the productivity growth and efficiency change. The empirical findings suggest that the segments of the automobile industry, i.e., passenger vehicles, commercial vehicles and two wheelers have positive productivity growth in the recent period. However, our study found that commercial vehicles are more efficient as compared to passenger vehicles and two wheelers firms. Further, by applying DEA multistage approach to examine the sources of inefficiency. Our results reveal that excess inputs in near about 50% firms are cause of inefficiency and these inefficient firms can become efficient by targeting the peer group with the help of reducing the input sets which are overused in the production process.


The fresh green and yellow banana peel of, (Musa, cv. Cavendish) fruits were treated with 70% acetone, which were partitioned with chloroform (CHCl3) and ethyl acetate (EtOAc), sequentially. The antioxidant activities of the extracts were evaluated by using the thiocyanate method, β-carotene bleaching method and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical elimination. While, antimicrobial activities of the extracts and isolated components were evaluated using paper disc methods and Minimum Inhibition Concentration (MIC). The EtOAc and water soluble fractions of green peel displayed high antimicrobial and antioxidant activity, respectively. Antioxidant activity of water extracts was comparable to those of synthetic antioxidants such as butylated hydroxyanisole and butylated hydroxytoluene. Among all isolated components β-sitosterol, malic acid, succinic acid, palmatic acid, 12-hydroxystrearic acid, glycoside, the d-malic and 12-hydroxystrearic acid were the most active against all the Gram-negative and positive bacterial species tested. The MIC of d-malic and succinic acid was varying between 140-750 ppm, respectively.


Abstract Purpose In uveitis, a prolonged implicit time of the cone b‐wave is a characteristic electroretinogram (ERG) abnormality. We investigated whether this can improve or deteriorate over time and which clinical factors are associated with change. Methods Prospective cohort study. Patients with a non‐infectious uveitis were included. An ERG was measured in the first year of uveitis onset and a follow‐up ERG one year later. Changes in the implicit time of the cone b‐wave were investigated in relation to clinical parameters including the following: demographics, uveitis characteristics, treatment, best‐corrected visual acuity, optical coherence tomography parameters and fluorescein angiography scores. Results Of 98 eyes (63 patients), 40 showed a prolonged cone b‐wave on the first ERG, which improved in 10 eyes. Eyes with an improved ERG more often had a panuveitis with initially a higher incidence of cells in the anterior chamber during the first ERG, which resolved at the time of their follow‐up ERG. Five of the 58 eyes with a normal first ERG had a deteriorated follow‐up ERG. These eyes had more frequently an active uveitis at the time of the follow‐up ERG. Of the 78 eyes with a stable cone b‐wave, 16 had a quiescent inflammation during follow‐up. There were no differences in age or treatment. Conclusion In most patients with non‐infectious uveitis, ERG abnormalities appear to be irreversible, even when the inflammation becomes quiescent. However, some ERGs improved, which was associated with reduction in inflammation of the anterior chamber due to panuveitis. In contrast, a worsened ERG was associated with a persistence of inflammation.


The aldazines (C6H3Cl2-2,6)CH═N−NH2 (1a) and (C6H3Cl2-2,6)CH═N−N═CH(C6H3Cl2-2,6) (1b) or the Schiff bases (C6H3Cl2-2,6)CH═N−CH3 (1c), (C6H3Cl2-2,6)CH═N(C6H5) (1d), and (C6H3Cl2-2,6)CH═N(C10H7) (1e) were obtained by condensation of 2,6-dichlorobenzaldehyde with hydrazine, methylamine, aniline, or α-naphthylamine, respectively. Treatment of 1a−1e with [CoMe(PMe3)4] resulted in oxidative addition of the C−Cl bond to afford the ortho-chelated cobalt(III) complexes [CoClMe(PMe3)2{(C6H3Clortho)-CH═N−R}] (2a−2e). The reaction of 1b,1c with [CoCl(PMe3)3] delivered the aryl Co(III) complexes 3b,3c containing a [C−Co−Cl] fragment, while Co(II) complexes [CoCl(PMe3)2((C6H3Cl-ortho)CH═N−R)] (3d,3e) were formed through the reaction of 1d or 1e with [CoCl(PMe3)3]. Under similar conditions, the ortho-chelated cobalt(III) complex [CoBrCl(PMe3)2((C6H3Cl2-2,6)CH═N−CH3)] (4c) could be isolated via the reaction of [CoBr(PMe3)3] with 1c. The crystal and molecular structures of complexes 2a, 3b, 3e, and 4c were determined by X...


Objective To investigate the glucose-independent calcium-related effects of insulin in cells from subjects with normal and hypertensive pregnancies. Method We used Indo-I fluorescence spectroscopy to measure cytosolic free calcium levels (Cai) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBM) from 17 women (aged 20-40 years), six nonpregnant controls (NPC), five pregnant normotensive (PNT) women and six pregnant hypertensive (PHT) women, before and 5, 30, 60,120 and 180min after in vitro incubation with 200 µU/ml insulin. Results Basal Cai levels were significantly higher in PHT women (175.2 ± 18.8 nmol/l) than they were in NPC women (122.8 ± 2.8 nmol/l) and PNT women (123.9 ± 3.5 nmol/l). The initial insulin-induced rise in Cai was similar in NPC (ΔCai 13.5 + 5.6 nmol/l) and PNT women (ΔCai 14.6 ± 3.7 nmol/l), but appeared blunted in PHT women (ΔCai 8.2 ± 3.5 nmol/l), and, for all pregnant subjects, was closely and inversely related to basal Cai Over time, in PNT women, ΔCai did not increase from the initial response (maximal ΔCai 20.5 ± 2.3 nmol/l) compared to NPC. The total cellular calcium response to insulin was also blunted in PNT women (the area under the calcium-response curve was 86 ± 3.4 versus 97.4 ± 6.5 nmol/l), but was excessive in PHT women (115.5 ± 6 nmol/l, P=0.05). Conclusions Hypertension in pregnancy is associated with excess Cai insulin raises Cai in PBM, and different alterations of ΔCai responsiveness to insulin occur both in normal and in hypertensive pregnancy. These cellular calcium alterations may help to explain altered tissue responsiveness to insulin and other hormones in pregnancy.


Adsorption isotherms for xenon on AGOT-grade graphite, having a surface area of 0.64 meter2/ gm, were determined at −79, 0, 20, 30, and 80°C in order to determine whether the presence of helium aff...


A BSTRACT . Let F be the field of rational functions of a real algebraic curve without real points. It is well-known that in F we can express − 1 as a sum of two squares. We show that − 1 is also a sum of four fourth powers, six sixth powers, and so on.


ABSTRACT This paper outlines the implementation and performance of a parallelisation approach involving partitioning of both physical space and velocity space domains for finite element solution of the Boltzmann-BGK equation. The numerical solver is based on a discontinuous Taylor–Galerkin approach. To the authors' knowledge this is the first time a 'high order' parallelisation, or `phase space parallelisation', approach has been attempted in conjunction with a numerical solver of this type. Restrictions on scalability have been overcome with the implementation detailed in this paper. The developed algorithm has major advantages over continuum solvers in applications where strong discontinuities prevail and/or in rarefied flow applications where the Knudsen number is large. Previous work by the authors has outlined the range of applications that this solver is capable of tackling. The paper demonstrates that the high order parallelisation implemented is significantly more effective than previous implementations at exploiting High Performance Computing architectures.


An adaptive population-based incremental learning algorithm (APBIL) is presented basing on analyzing the characteristics of traditional PBIL algorithm in this paper. Overcoming disadvantages of traditional PBIL algorithm, the proposed APBIL algorithm can adjust learning rate and mutation probability automatically according to the evolution degree of the algorithm's searching performed. Extensive computational tests with flow shop and job shop scheduling problems are carried out. The results compared with standard PBIL algorithm's and genetic algorithm's show that the proposed algorithm exceed the traditional PBIL algorithm and GA in calculation efficiency and search capability. The proposed algorithm can acquire stable high quality solution


G H F E E D B A C K . T H Y R O I D A N D STEROID HORMONES . N E U R O T R A N S M I T T E R S A N D G H RELEASE . . THE INFLUENCE OF NUTRITION ON GH SECRETION METABOLIC FACTORS . OBESITY . . F A S T I N G A N D ANOREXIA . D I A B E T E S . . M A L N U T R I T I O N A N D C A T A B O L I C STATES . REFERENCES . . 143 . 145 . 145 . 145 . 146 . 147 . 148 . 149 . 150 . 151 . . 151 . 152 . 152 . 153 . 153 . 155


Rapid urbanization combined with high economic growth, industrialization, and changes in socio-economic conditions increase the quantity of municipal solid waste. Cities located in South-Asia are facing serious issues due to waste, with countries like India, Bangladesh, and Pakistan top of the list of bad waste management. The increasing generation of solid waste and also the improper management of waste in Bangladesh leads to environmental degradation. Current waste management practice in Bangladesh is so weak that day by day it is harming the climate and creating a lot of unwanted situations. This research consists of an examination of the current administrative measures and presents another proposition for the executive cycle to decrease ecological contamination. The research study aims to decrease the amount of waste being dumped into municipal sanitary landfill sites & converting the waste into energy which is both financially and environmentally suitable by involving unemployed people in the management system. The results of this study will give an idea of how waste can be utilized as a resource and how this resource can be a capital good as well as how the local level problems can be solved by taking some strategies and making our environment suitable for future generations.


Abstract. The purpose of this paper is to examine the notion of completely random operators and to prove some random fixed point theorems for such operators. Unlike many random fixed point theorems for random operators, it seems to be impossible to obtain them from deterministic fixed point theorems.


Henry's law behaviour in gas-solid chromatography - a virial approach inverse gas chromatography as a tool to characterize dispersive and acid-base properties of the surface of fibres and powders interactions in cellulose-polyethylene papers as obtained through inverse gas chromatography inverse gas chromatography - a method for the evaluation of the interaction potential of solid surfaces chromatography of colloidal inorganic nanoparticles chromatographic behaviour and retention models of polyaromatic hydrocarbons in HPLC polymer-modified sillica resins for aqueous size exclusion chromatography polycation-modified siliceous surface for protein separation adsorption processes in surface area exclusion chromatography separation of polymer blends by interaction chromatography.


Recycling of fine sized iron-rich by-products back to blast furnace (BF) process in the form of cement-bonded briquettes has become a common procedure in steel plants. Replacing part of the cement by Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBFS) is also a common method to reduce cement consump-tion. When the briquettes are subjected to high temperature and reducing atmosphere in the BF, the cement phases decompose and the iron oxides undergo a series of phase transformations. To avoid early disintegration and to improve the performance of the briquettes, it is necessary to study these reactions during the reduction. In the present study the reduction behavior of the BF briquette samples was studied by experimental methods in a laboratory scale furnace, which simulates the conditions of the BF shaft in a CO–CO 2 –N 2 atmosphere. With interrupted experiments the composition of the briquette was studied in different reduction stages of the BF shaft. The effect of GGBFS as a binder material on the reduction was studied with GGBFS containing briquette samples. The reduction of briquettes was compared to an olivine pellet which was used as a reference sample. Considerably higher reduction rate was detected with the briquettes compared to the pellet at 1 100 ° C when reduced to metallic iron. 25–50 vol-% swelling in the briquette samples was detected during the wüstite-iron reduction step at 900–1000 ° C. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to observe the phase transformations in the Fe–Fe 2 O 3 –CaO system of the briquette and the results are in agreement with the theory.


The New River Valley (NRV) Metropolitan Planning Organization (MPO) recently launched a project creating a regional GIS portal in support of transit planning initiatives. The purpose of the project is to improve connections between transit providers and other modes of transportation, and to assist on-going and future transportation planning efforts at the local and regional scale. The project was conducted in two phases. Phase I included meetings with stakeholders to assess regional needs and to discuss transit-planning processes, GIS technologies, and existing data sources. Several stakeholder agencies collaborated to share transit-related data, which was cataloged and edited for public consumption. Phase II made transit data available to the public. The MPO partnered with the NRV Planning District Commission (PDC) to host the transit data on a FTP site. Using ArcGIS Online, an interactive web map was created featuring route and stop layers for the four fixed-route providers in the region. The project provided an outlet for important discussions between regional transit stakeholders and led to increased communication and collaboration between agencies. A regional transit GIS portal was created to share transit data featuring links to the FTP site, web map and additional resources regarding the MPO project.


Much public, professional and political concern has, and continues to be, focused on the release of sexual offenders back into the community. It could be argued that this is the most sensitive, contentious and indeed risky aspect of offender community reintegration and rehabilitation. Attention has rightly been given to the development of effective programmes within prison and the community which complement each other, and the development of protocols and systems for enhancing community protection. However, it is our contention that, despite the current public protection arrangements which are in place across Scotland, there is still a need and indeed demand for an improved framework of support, monitoring and re-integration for offenders within the community, particularly after release from prison or other residential provision. This article is therefore aimed at outlining the case for 'Circles of Support and Accountability' (hereafter referred to as Circles) as a means of enhancing the range of measures available in the community for reducing the risk of reoffending by certain convicted sexual offenders, and ensuring that the framework of community protection in Scotland more closely matches those being delivered in other parts of the UK. The article builds on a previous article published in the July 2008 edition of the Scottish Journal of Criminal Justice Studies (Richley & Kirkwood, 2008).


Three single-spore isolates of Rhynchosporium secalis that differed in their α-esterase and β-glucosidase isozyme patterns were inoculated as two mixtures, each of two isolates, on to seedlings of the susceptible barley cultivar Maris Mink. Approximately 100 single-spore isolates were taken from mature lesions produced by each mixture. These were subjected to polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and the gels were stained for α-esterase and β-glucosidase. Parental types only were produced by one of the isolate mixtures. However, one of the 10 lesions examined for the second mixture produced nine isolates with a novel combination of isozymes, indicating that some form of asexual recombination had occurred. The use of isozymes as a natural marker system for the detection in vivo of asexual recombination in pathogenic fungi is discussed.


A personal journey through micronucleus assays is described, including some new information. An important comment is made that the micronucleus assay is of greater validity than the cancer bioassay. Specifically, the cancer bioassay is internally inconsistent and can be misinterpreted statistically (a point that has been made by others). No assay in genetic toxicology can succeed when judged against the imperfect cancer bioassay.


This position paper details the Industrial Injuries Advisory Council's (IIAC) review of an association between testicular cancer and fire fighting. To recommend to Ministers that a disease be added to the list of prescribed diseases for which Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB) is payable, the Council generally seeks robust epidemiological (population-based) evidence that the risk of the disease is more than doubled in relation to certain occupational exposures. Studies have noted an increased risk of testicular cancer in fire fighters, but it is not clearly greater than doubled. The Council concludes that, at present, there is insufficient evidence to recommend prescription for testicular cancer in fire fighters.


A generalized third-order autonomous Duffing–Holmes system is proposed and deeply investigated. The proposed system is obtained by adding a parametric quadratic term

 m

 x

 2

 to the cubic nonlinear term

 −

 x

 3

 of an existing third-order autonomous Duffing–Holmes system. This modification allows the system to feature smoothly adjustable nonlinearity, symmetry, and nontrivial equilibria. A particular attention is given to the effects of symmetric and asymmetric nonlinearity on the dynamics of the system. For the specific case of

 m
 =
 0

 , the system is symmetric and interesting phenomena are observed, namely, coexistence of symmetric bifurcations, presence of parallel branches, and the coexistence of four (periodic-chaotic) and six (periodic) symmetric attractors. For

 m
 ≠
 0

 , the system loses its symmetry. This favors the emergence of other behaviors, such as the coexistence of asymmetric bifurcations, involving the coexistence of several asymmetric attractors (periodic-periodic or periodic-chaotic). All these phenomena have been numerically highlighted using nonlinear dynamic tools (bifurcation diagrams, Lyapunov exponents, phase portraits, time series, frequency spectra, Poincaré section, cross sections of the attraction basins, etc.) and an analog computer of the system. In fact, PSpice simulations of the latter confirm numerical results. Moreover, amplitude control and synchronization strategies are also provided in order to promote the exploitation of the proposed system in engineering.


This work aims at the development of a method of electromagnetic activation of salicylic acid molecules per se (SA) through the ultrasonic (20 kHz) complexation with oxidized zinc-graphene structure. The result of this work implies synthesized nanopartiсles "ZnO – partially restored graphene oxide (rGO) – SA" with the average size of (5.53 ± 0.11) nm and hexagonal wurtzite zinc oxide structure with complexed SA molecules. Complexation of SA with "ZnO – rGO" matrix causes magnification of electromagnetic field of SA by 102 times with the local enhancement at the contact with ZnO by 103 times, and therefore allowing selective electromagnetic activation of drug molecules. The developed method of "ZnO – rGO – SA" nanoparticles formation can be applied to many different drugs and drug-based devices, thereby introducing a great interest in medicinal electronics and nanomedicine.


A specific‐heat anomaly of Schottky type has been observed in the heat capacities of both solid CO and N2, which is due to O2 impurity. For both host lattices the peak of the anomaly is at T ∼ 1.95°K, and the shape corresponds to a two‐level system with a splitting of 5.14°K and a weight of 2 for the upper level. It is believed to be due to the spin splitting of the molecular oxygen ground state.


Metal slags are a waste product from the metallurgical or recycling processing. Slags are used in hydraulic engineering, mainly as armourstones to stabilize riverbanks or coasts. However, leaching from slags may be a source of hazardous metals towards the aquatic environment. In the Scheldt estuary (Belgium) tons of monolithic lead slags are used to protect and strengthen its banks. The environmental impact of the use of lead slags in river embankments is investigated.


On the basis of relevant scientific research this paper systematicallyand concisely elaborates the interaction between intellectualcapital and logistic services production. Full attentionis given to intellectual capital as a factor in effective creation ofthe logistic processes or in other words, to prove the statementthat the first place for achieving competitive advantages in theglobal and/or regional market of logistic services belongs toknowledge used to produce or improve the existent logistic systemsand to create new ones.Further, the paper deals with the tasks of creative logisticmanagers as open, dynamic and stochastic systems based onknowledge or the creation of universal logistic model determinedby the fact that intellectual capital and technologicalparadigm create the way to new logistic paradigm.Special attention is paid to building and presenting a mathematicalmodel for measuring the intellectual capital as well asthe success of its use in different logistic companies.


A case of unicornuate uterus with cavitary non-communicating rudimentary horn suddenly revealing with acute abdomen is presented. The patient was managed by laparoscopic miniaccess hemihysterectomy.


Urban planning has been focusing mainly on land utilization, population, transportation and public facilities, and has been made light of the other elements. Although urban planning is tremendously complicated, its integrated planning for creation of urban areas with satisfactory environment is really desired by considering benefits, costs and risk in them.Benefits and risk in urban areas are divided into five groups, which are safety, convenience, comfortableness, aesthetic level and culture level. Each term was evaluated with cost to increace or decreace benefits. Under a certain cost, the sum of utility of the benefits and risk should be maximized. A nonlinear programming method newly developed was verified to be applicable to estimate the maximum utility under a given cost for urban environmental planning.


As spinning is still involved in around 60% of all aircraft accidents (BFU, 1985 and Belcastro, 2009), this aerodynamic phenomenon is still not fully understood. As U.S. and European Certification Specifications do not require recoveries from fully developed spins of Normal Category aeroplanes, certification test flights will not discover aeroplane mass and centre of gravity combinations which may result in unrecoverable spins.
This thesis aims to contribute to a better understanding of the spin phenomenon through investigating the spin regime for normal, utility and aerobatic aircraft, and to explain what happens to the aircraft in terms of the aerodynamics, flight mechanics and the aircraft stability. The approach used is to vary the main geometric parameters such as the centre of gravity position and the aeroplane's mass across the flight envelope, and to investigate the subsequent effect on the main spin characteristic parameters such as the angle of attack, pitch angle, sideslip angle, rotational rates, and recovery time.
First of all, a literature review sums up the range of technical aspects that affect the problem of spinning. It reviews the experimental measurement techniques used, theoretical methods developed and flight test results obtained by previous researchers. The published results have been studied to extract the effect on spinning of aircraft geometry, control surface effectiveness, flight operational parameters and atmospheric effects. Consideration is also made of the influence on human performance of spinning, the current spin regulations and the available training material for pilots.
A conventional-geometry, single-engine low-wing aeroplane, the basic trainer Fuji FA-200-160, has been instrumented with a proven digital flight measurement system and 27 spins have been systematically conducted inside and outside the certified flight envelope. The accuracy of the flight measurements is ensured through effective calibration, and the choice of sensors has varied through the study, with earlier sensors suffering from more drift than the current sensors (Belcastro, 2009 and Schrader, 2013).
In-flight parameter data collected includes left and right wing α and β-angles, roll-pitch-yaw angles and corresponding rates, all control surface deflections, vertical speeds, altitude losses and the aeroplane's accelerations in all three directions.
Such data have been statistically analysed. The pitch behaviour has been mathematically modelled on the basis of the gathered flight test data.
Nine hypotheses have been proposed. These mainly cover the effects of centre of gravity and aircraft mass variations on spin characteristic behaviour. They have all been proven as true through the results of this thesis. The final hypothesis concerns the generalisation of the Fuji results, to the spin behaviour of other aircraft in the same category.
These hypotheses can be used to improve flight test programmes, aircraft design processes, flight training materials and hence contribute strongly to better flight safety.


Salmonella remains an important concern in food processing environments as it causes salmonellosis, a major public health problem throughout the world (Anonymous, 2004; Mead et al., 1999). This review deals with the ability of Salmonella to survive and adapt to the antimicrobial stresses encountered in food processing environments. It illustrates how bacteria can develop greater tolerance to these stresses and cross-protection with other environmental stresses, thus increasing their persistence throughout the food chain. Two types of antimicrobial agents are primarily encountered in food-processing environments, food preservatives and disinfectants.


Received: 4 April 2019 Accepted: 17 September 2019 This paper proposes a novel dual three-phase Space Vector Modulation (SVM) for sixphase multilevel inverter to control a Six Phase Induction Machine (SPIM). The main idea is to control the six-phase multilevel inverter as two three-phase (1, 3 and 5 phases for the first one and 2, 4 and 6 phases for the second one) multilevel inverters separately by SVM of the N-level three-phase Separate DC Source (SDCS) inverter. This enables a great the simplification of the control algorithm for six phase multilevel (N level) inverter drive. In Six-Phase SVM, N6 vectors are used so if two level N=2, 3 level or 4 level, implies 64 vectors, 729 vectors, 15625 vectors are used respectively. However, in a proposed dual three-phase SVM, we use N3 vectors so if 2 level, 3 level or 4 level implies 8 vectors, 27 vectors, 125 vectors are used respectively to control the six-phase multilevel inverters as two three-phase multilevel inverter with the same three-phase multilevel SVM. Whereas the first three-phase inverter is composed by 1, 3, and 5 phases and the second three-phase is composed by 2, 4 and 6 phases. This allows to have a new modulation technique for six-phase multi-level inverter and a great simplification of the classical six-phase SVM control algorithm. The simulation results of the Indirect Field Oriented Control (IFOC) of six-phase induction machine drive fed by stacked multilevel inverters are given to highlight the performance of the proposed control structure.


Formation and Development of Didactics in Modern Germany Tadao Sato Kurashiki Junior College Didactics in modern Europe has a history of 350 years. Germany took a leading part in its development. The purpose of this paper is to grasp some tasks for the future research of Didactics; summing up its historical results, examining what has been achieved and what has not been achieved to this day, and making clear the character of Didactics and its problem-sphere. 1. In "The Concept of Didactics and its Origin," the writer tried to analyze modern Didactics as "a science of teaching method" or "an art of instruction" by considering that education should exist for all the people and the right of studying should also be ensured for all people in the period of enlightenment in the 11th century. 2. In "The Development of Didactics in the First Part of the Modern Age," the writer tried to make clear that Didactics as "a science of teaching method" should be combined with the educational thought based on method and order of nature and aim at developing children's ability more than acquiring any intellectual material. Also that Didactics was inclined toward subjectivism and methodism in terms of the theory of formal building of character which emphasized too much self-activity. 3. In "The Expansion of Didactics to the Present Day: Didactics in the Last of the Modern Age," the writer considered two problems; (1) How were subjectivism and methodism based on the theory of formal building of character, gradually overcome by the people advocating neo-humanism, Herbart, the people of Herbart school, Diesterweg, and so on? (2) How was the unification of intellectual instruction and character-building and learning process in schools brought up as a problem and closely inquired into by Herbart, the people of Herbart school, Diesterweg, and so on? 4. In "Historical Result and the Future Tasks," the writer tried to precisely examine the following three problems and to allude to the future tasks; (1) The character of Didactics has been made clear as "a science of instruction." (2) The nature of teaching has been grasped as the unification of teaching and learning, as the organization process of learning activity for teaching material acquistion, and also as the unification of intellectual instrucion and character-building process. (3) The problem-sphere of Didactics has been clarified in the historical process of its development. Diesterweg and the "Faction of Liberalists" considered from the deliberation of the "Petitions" in the Prussian Lower House Tatsuo Tsushima Akita University Diesterweg's activities in the Prussian Lower House continued for about eight years from the end of 1858 to 1866. It is well known that his important concern in that period was to improve the treatment and position of teachers particularly to gain the "Freedom of the school" from the


The close relationship between processing, structure and properties of materials is well known. Some of the most useful tools to elucidate the best choice in processing for a given application are scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED) and x-ray diffraction (XRD). In this chapter we will focus on the application of these techniques to the characterization of ceramic materials processed by mechanosynthesis, evaluating the effect of the milling process on their physical properties.


Gas-phase adduct formation of uranyl pivaloyltrifluoroacetonate (I) with donor active materials such as trimethyl phosphate (TMP), pyridine (Py), tetrahydrofuran (THF), and ethanol (EtOH) was demonstrated by IR spectroscopy. Vapor pressure of the I-TMF adduct was measured by the flow method. The volatility of I was studied in a stream of helium saturated with vapors of donor-active materials: Py, THF, diethyl ether (Et/sub 2/O), EtOH, and acetonitrile. The temperature dependence of the pressure of saturated I.TMP and I vapor in a stream of neutral ligand vapor is described by log p (Pa) = -A/T + B. Following are, respectively, neutral ligand, T range (degreeK), and coefficiencts A, B: TMP 383453, 4648 +/- 48, 12.06 +/- 0.18; Py, 383-463, 5277 +/- 87, 13.36 +/- 0.21; THF, 363453, 4662 +/- 69, 12.66 +/- 0.17; Et/sub 2/O, 353-423, 4864 +/- 110, 13.29 +/- 0.28; EtOH, 363-443, 4509 +/- 89, 12.18 +/- 0.22. Adduct formation with these neutral ligands decreases the volatility of I significantly. A tendency to increase of adduct volatility was observed when the donor properties of the neutral ligand decrease.


Kannada language has 2000 year of history andKarnataka is ruled by so many of dynasty. Hoysala rulers were originally from Malnad Karnataka. The Hoysala era was an important period in the development of art,architecture, and religion in South India. Over a hundred surviving temples are scattered across Karnataka, including the well-known Chennakesava Temple at Belur, the Hoysaleswara Temple at Halebidu, and the Kesava Temple at Somanathapura. In the present work we propose Mean, Standard Deviation and Surn of Absolute difference Agorithrn (MSDDA) to recognize Hoysala period characters. In this work, the database of Hoysala period stone inscriptions characters are stored in .jpg and .png format. The user can choose any characters in the test image. When they select at that time, it segment that characters and performs pre-processing and it extract features from those characters. Depending on extracted feature the algorithm calculates mean and standard deviation values of corresponding characters and finally it compare that calculated value of the same with database characters and it recognizes the corresponding characters.


AbstractThe performance of a structure depends on its material characteristics under various conditions of loadings, strain rate, and temperature, and therefore, it is necessary to understand these...


In July 2011 the Dawn spacecraft entered orbit around the Main Belt asteroid 4 Vesta. Dawn has been designed to map the asteroid Vesta and later in the mission the dwarf planet 1 Ceres from various altitudes utilizing three different instruments [1]. The Main Belt is the source region of most impactors in the inner solar system [2,3,4]. For decades the lunar cratering record has been investigated by many scientific groups, which makes it one of the best known planetary surfaces in the Solar System. Therefore, we compare the obtained CSFD of Vesta with that of the Moon and other Main Belt asteroids such as 951 Gaspra, 243 Ida, and 21 Lutetia. We also compare our results of crater counting on Vesta with K/Ar-Ar reset ages of HED meteorites,
which most likely originated from Vesta [5].


An account of the author's search for the rare snow leopard, travelling on foot from Kathmandu to the remote Crystal Mountain, high in the Himalayas by way of Annapurna. What began as an expedition became, for Mathiessen, a true pilgrimage of the heart. The book won the US National Book Award. Peter Matthiessen"s many books include "Indian Country", "Nine-Headed Dragon River" and "Men's Lives".


Accounting for the government's intention towards sustainable energy development and the deployment of Malaysia's first smart grid system, inclusive participation of residential units will transform their role from consumers to prosumers, enabling them to become "positive nodes" of the smart grid system. This paper evaluates the simulation output of a grid displaced electricity demand of a significant terrace-based housing cohort in Malaysia. Utilising Integrated Environmental Solution Virtual Environment (IESVE) as the simulation tool, solar panel retrofitted to the existing terrace houses in urban centres across peninsular Malaysia is investigated in order to identify its potential to displace current grid electricity demand, consequently shaving peak demand and reduced household's 's electricity bill.


The invention discloses a method for making beer, and belongs to the technical field of beer making. Raw materials comprise, by weight, 50-150 parts of beer, 30-35 parts of lycopodium clavatum, 12-15 parts of plumeria rubra and one to two parts of isomaltulose. The method comprises the steps that aqueous extraction is carried out two to three times by respectively adding four to six times of water to the lycopodium clavatum, the plumeria rubra and the liquorice by weight part, respective extracting solutions are combined and are concentrated and dried into powder, and powdery lycopodium clavatum extractives, powdery plumeria rubra extractives and powdery liquorice extractives are respectively obtained; the powdery lycopodium clavatum extractives, the powdery plumeria rubra extractives and the powdery liquorice extractives obtained in the step A are added to the beer and are mixed evenly, then the isomaltulose is added, heating is carried out to 90 DEG C to 100 DEG C, stirring is carried out for 30 minutes to 40 minutes, and the beer is made. According to the method, pollution to the product beer by harmful microbes can be avoided, and the made product beer has the health care effect of reducing blood fat.


We consider a theory with isotropic nonbirefringent Lorentz violation in the photon sector and explore the effects on the development of the electromagnetic component of extensive air showers in the Earth atmosphere. Specifically, we consider the case of a "fast" photon with a phase velocity larger than the maximum attainable velocity of a massive Dirac fermion (this case corresponds to a negative Lorentz-violating parameter $\kappa$ in the action). Shower photons with above-threshold energies decay promptly into electron-positron pairs, instead of decaying by the conventional production of electron-positron pairs in the background fields of atomic nuclei. This rapid production of charged leptons accelerates the shower development, decreasing the atmospheric depth of the shower maximum ($X_\text{max}$) by an amount which could be measured by cosmic-ray observatories. Precise measurements of $X_\text{max}$ could then improve existing limits on the negative Lorentz-violating parameter $\kappa$ by several orders of magnitude.


Abstract: In this article the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), especially new media technologies such as e-mail and the Internet, by postapartheid South African social movements is explored. Following a discussion of the use of these technologies by activist groupings in international contexts, a typology suggested by Rheingold (2003) is used as a framework for comparing two South African social movements: the Treatment Action Campaign (TAC) and the Anti-Privatization Forum (APF).


Objective To study the effects of melatonin(MT)on peripheral blood Th cytokine of rats with au- toimmune hepatitis(AIH).Methods AIH model rats were divided randomly as model group,MT group and pig hepacyte growth factor(pHGF)group,and the serum IL-2,IL-4,IL-6 and IFN-γof the three groups were detected after 60 days. Results(1)The levels of serum IL-2 and IFN-γwere decreased as HAI and HFI scores elevated,while the levels of serum IL-4 and IL-6 increased;(2)the level of serum IL-2 in MT group was(53.7±12.8)ng/L,which was significantly higher than that of pHGF group[(42.9±9.7)ng/L],normal control group[(48.9±11.2)ng/L]and model group[(34.8±7.6)ng/L](P0.01 or P0.05);(3)the level of serum IFN-γin MT group was(351.2±84.6)ng/L,which was sig- nificantly higher than that of pHGF group[(286.8±51.8)ng/L],normal control group[(322.4±67.5)ng/Ll and model group[(236.7±33.7)ng/L](P0.01 or P0.05);(4)the level of serum IL-4 in MT group was(48.0±8.1)ng/L, which was significantly lower than that of pHGF group[(66.9±14.3)ng/L],normal control group[(52.7±12.5)ng/L] and model group[(81.9±16.2)ng/L](P0.01 or P0.05);(5)the level of serum IL-6 in MT group was(252.9±45.8)ng/L,which was significantly lower than that of pHGF group[(297.2±48.7)ng/L]and model group[(405.8±45.8)ng/L](P0.01 or P0.05).Conclusion MT may activate peripheral blood Th1 cytokine and inhibit Th2 cy- tokine of rats with autoimmune hepatitis.


Nowadays, cell balancing circuits are fundamental for maximizing the usable capacity of a battery pack and preventing possible hazard conditions. Despite passive equalizers are widely adopted in industrial and vehicular applications due to their reliability and cost, active balancing circuits are becoming more attractive thanks to the improvements achievable in terms of efficiency and equalization speed. In this paper, a model-based design methodology for an active equalizer based on a Multiple Active Bridge (MAB) is illustrated, including the harmonic content introduced by the related power conversion stages. In detail, the proposed methodology aims to size the parameters of the multi-winding transformer included in the MAB architecture that allow for ensuring the desired performances in terms of balancing currents and RMS winding currents. Numerical results are presented for validating the proposed methodology.


Strontium intercalation between van der Waals bonded layers of topological insulator Bi2Se3 is found to induce superconductivity with a maximum Tc of 2.9 K. Transport measurement on single crystal of optimally doped sample Sr0.1Bi2Se3 shows weak anisotropy (1.5) and upper critical field Hc2(0) equals to 2.1 T for magnetic field applied per-pendicular to c -axis of the sample. The Ginzburg-Landau coherence lengths are Xi-ab = 15.3 {\AA} and Xi_c = 10.2 {\AA}. The lower critical field and zero temperature penetration depth Lambda(0) are estimated to be 0.35 mT and 1550 nm respectively. Hall and Seebeck measurements confirm the dominance of electronic conduction and the carrier concentration is surprisingly low (n = 1.85 x 10^19 cm-3) at 10 K indicating possibility of unconventional superconductivity.


In this study, the plasma induced by CO2 laser lap welding of 6t Zn coated steel used for ship building was measured using photodiodes and a microphone. Then, the welding phenomenon with gap clearance of lap joint was compared with RMS-treated signal. Thus, we found that intensity of the RMS-treated signal increased with Zn vaporization; further, the presence of defects results in rapid variations with the RMS value as a function of lap-joint parameters. Besides, the FFT value of the raw signal with variations of changing welding parameters was calculated, and then the calculated FFT frequency value was set as the bandwidth of digital filter for a more accurate in-process monitoring. The RMS values were acquired by filtering the raw signal. By matching the weld beads and the calculated RMS values, we confirmed that there is a strong relationship between the signals and the defects.


Implantation of the blastocyst is one of the critical steps leading to the establishment of pregnancy. It involves an extensive cross talk between the embryo and the receptive endometrium through embryonic as well as endometrium-derived factors at the site of implantation. Once the blastocyst reaches the uterine cavity, it makes a loose contact with the receptive endometrial epithelium. Apposition of blastocyst occurs only within a limited period of time called as 'Window of Implantation'; when endometrium is 'receptive' for the implanting blastocyst. Apposition is followed by establishment of firm contact between the trophoblast cells of the blastocyst and the endometrial epithelium. There is a need to understand which factors and processes make endometrium 'receptive' to the incoming blastocyst. Failure to achieve endometrial receptivity leads to infertility as seen in women with repeated implantation failure. In recent times, women are more careeroriented and prefer late marriages. Considering this, advances in our knowledge on endometrium 'receptivity' will allow relatively older women to conceive as well as to act as surrogate mother. Subsequent to adhesion of the blastocyst to the receptive endometrium, trophoblast cells differentiate into the outer syncytiotrophoblasts and inner cytotrophoblasts. In addition, trophoblast cells proliferate, migrate and invade into endometrium. Further, defects in the invasive differentiation of trophoblast cells may lead to pregnancy complications associated with shallow to excessive invasiveness of trophoblast cells. Preeclampsia is one of the most common pregnancy complications. It is associated with poor spiral artery remodeling due to inadequate invasive ability of the trophoblast cells. In certain situations like choriocarcinoma, trophoblast cells undergo malignant transformation and show excessive invasiveness across the endometrium. In addition to these, late sporadic miscarriages in pregnant women are usually associated with the abnormal trophoblast invasion and insufficient myometrial spiral artery transformation. Our understanding on the regulatory processes involved in cytokines and growth factors mediated migration and invasion of trophoblast cells is still far from satisfactory. It is important to study the factors responsible for pregnancy-associated complications such as recurrent abortions, preeclampsia, intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) and to develop novel diagnostic tools and treatment regimens for their management. It is essential to diagnose pregnancy-associated complications at an early stage before clinical symptoms appear. This is another major challenge which needs to be addressed. There is a need to determine effective and appropriate intervention strategies to avoid or minimize these complications. Establishment and maintenance of pregnancy is the toughest challenge faced by maternal immune system as it has to simultaneously protect the mother and fetus from pathogens as well as to tolerate paternal alloantigens expressed by the fetus. We now know that during pregnancy, the maternal immune response is not suppressed. However, different subsets of immune cells are involved that allow the allograft to survive. Although maternal immune cells can specifically recognize paternal alloantigens, but a state of transient immune tolerance specific for paternal antigens is achieved during pregnancy. Several additional mechanisms might operate which help the fetus to evade maternal immune attack. Moreover, to avoid maternal mitochondrial defective genes, it may soon be possible to have three parents child where defective mitochondria from mother's oocyte are replaced by mitochondria of healthy oocytes from another woman (Garry Hamilton, The hidden risk of three-person babies, Nature News, September 2015). Understanding of these fundamental aspects related to conception and maintenance of pregnancy is critical. Keeping in view of the above, an International Congress on 'Embryo Implantation and Pregnancy: Intricacies and Strategies for its Success' was held at the National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India from March 9 to 11, 2015 (Fig. 1). The congress addressed basic, mechanistic and clinical


This paper aims traces the major characteristics of the European space of fundamental rights, subsequent to the ratification of the European Union Charter of Fundamental Rights. The emerging picture is one of complexity and work-in-progress, where the traditional roles of national Constitutions and domestic legal systems are experiencing a deep transformation. The existence of different levels of protection of the fundamental rights according to the EU Charter and national Constitutions, respectively, creates serious conflicts between the both legal spheres; their resolution requires a fine balance between the logic of European integration, on one hand, and the need for mutual accommodation of national legal frameworks, on the other.


AIM To observe the prevention effects of different doses of arasetron on morphine-related nausea and vomiting after epidural analgesia,and to find the minimum effective dose.METHODS Two hundred patients undergoing gynecological surgery with epidural anesthesia were divided into 5 groups(40 patients in each group).Needle was inserted into the L_(1-2) or T_(12)-L_1 intervertebral space,and epidural anesthesia was induced by injection of 2%lidocaine 13 - 15 mL.Thirty minutes before the end of surgery,patients in observation groups were intravenously administered with azasetron 10 mg(group A10),7.5 mg(group A7.5),5 mg (group A5),and 2.5 mg(group A2.5),respectively,while patients in group D were intravenously administered with same amount of sodium chloride injection.At the end of the surgery,all patients were treated with a loading dose of 0.25%ropivacaine 8 mL and morphine 2 mg,and followed by a maintenance dose of 0.15% ropivacaine 100 mL and morphine 5 mg.Nausea and vomiting were recorded for the first 24 h postoperatively. RESULTS Compared with the group D(68%),the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting decreased in the group A5(45%),with significantly difference(P0.05).The incidences of postoperative nausea and vomiting of group A7.5(10%) and group A10(10%) were lower than that of group D(P0.01).But there was no significant difference between group A10 and group A7.5(P0.05).CONCLUSION Azasetron can prevent morphine-related nausea and vomiting after epidural analgesia using before the end of the surgery,and the recommended dose is 5 - 7.5 mg.


Glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian brain. Glutamatergic synaptic transmission depends on postsynaptic ion channels (ionotropic glutamate receptors) that open in response to the binding of glutamate. Of the ionotropic glutamate receptors, the N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) class has received particular attention because it plays a role not only in synaptic transmission but also in regulating synaptic plasticity. NMDA receptors are involved in activity-dependent remodeling of synapses during brain development (1). NMDA receptors also are required for a form of activity-dependent enhancement of synaptic transmission known as long-term potentiation (LTP), which has been intensively studied as a cellular correlate of memory formation in the brain (2). The regulation of NMDA receptor activity is thus of great significance for synaptic plasticity in both the developing and mature nervous system.


Until recently, there was no textbook in Russian devoted specifically to the diseases of the infant. Birk's book, which in a short time has survived in the original 6 editions, fills this important gap.


Guignardia citricarpa,the causal agent of Citrus Black Spot,is subject to phytosanitary legialateion in European Union and the USA.Recent years,the disease of citrus black spot becomes a obstacle for Chinese citrus fruit export to European Union.The export orchards of high-quality honey pomelos(Citrus grandis) in Meihzhou Guangdong have also met the same problem.For controlling infection of the disease on the peel surface of the preharvest pomelos,10 fungicides were tested in the field.The results of trials showed that azoxystrobin,difenocnazole,and thiophanate-methyl which had.systemic,new mode of action fungicides would control citrus black spot better.


Abstract The Criminal Attribution Inventory (CRAI), drawing upon attribution theory and criminally-related domains, measures criminal responsibility and blame. The CRAI's six scales measure criminal responsibility (Psychopathology, Personality), external criminal blame (Victim, Alcohol, Society) and the attribution of crime to random factors (Random). The items and instructions were designed to measure changes resulting from treatment intervention. With incarcerated and community samples, adequate reliabilities (alpha, test-retest) and pre-post-treatment changes (five treatment programs) were demonstrated. These results provide some evidence of the CRAI's utility in measuring criminal treatment change.


OBJECTIVE
To determine the possible predictive role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels in the follicular fluid (FF) at the time of oocyte retrieval in the development of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) and its possible origin.

STUDY DESIGN
FF was obtained from 174 high-responder patients at the time of oocyte retrieval. The study group comprised 16 high-responder patients who developed early, severe OHSS and from whom serum and peritoneal fluid (PF) were obtained during the active phase of the syndrome. These women were compared to 16 high-responder patients who did not develop OHSS. An additional control group comprised 16 low-responder patients who also did not develop OHSS. The FF, serum and PF samples were tested for VEGF by enzymelined immunosorbent assay.

RESULTS
No differences in the FF VEGF levels were found among the OHSS group (1,742.3 +/- 522.4 pg/mL), the high-responder group that did not develop OHSS (1,802.0 +/- 584.3 pg/mL) and the low-responder group (1,686.7 +/- 374.2 pg/mL). In the OHSS group, no differences were found between the serum and PF VEGF levels (247.3 +/- 31.4 and 642.9 +/- 328.3 pg/mL, respectively). No correlation was found between the FF concentrations of VEGF and the mean serum 17-beta estradiol levels or number of oocytes retrieved.

CONCLUSION
We conclude that preovulatory FF levels should not serve as a possible predictive factor for development of OHSS. The increased capillary permeability found in OHSS may be due to its systemic effect.


This study aimed to analyze the sustainability status of the mangrove ecosystem management in the Sayung District coastal area, by integrating all the stakeholders' interests in a multidimensional analysis (ecological, economic, social, and institutional) and determining sensitive indicators in the sustainable management of mangrove ecosystems. The method used in this study was the multidimensional scalling (MDS) with the RAPFISH (Rapid Appraisal for Fisheries) software. The results showed that the multidimentional sustainable status of the mangrove ecosystem management in the coastal area of Sayung sub-district. The sustainability status of the mangrove ecosystem management is (1) very sustainable for the ecological dimension, in all villages (Bedono 72.17%, Timbulsloko 78.50%, Surodadi 91.11%); (2) sustainable for the economic dimension for all the villages (Bedono 74.73%, Timbulsloko 74.73%, Surodadi 52.74%); (3) very sustainable for the social dimension, for Timbulsloko (90,21%) but only sustainable for Bedono (63.05%) and Surodadi (74.58%); (4) very sustainable for the institutional dimension, in all villages (Timbulsloko 84.97%, Bedono 84.97%, Surodadi 87.90%). The mangrove ecosystem management is influenced by the following factors: coastal erosion, oceanographic conditions, average income of the community, local wisdom, community education level, participation in mangrove ecosystem management, monitoring and supervision and mangrove ecosystem management planning. By optimising the most sensitive indicators on each dimension, the sustainability of mangrove ecosystem management could be improved.


This article examines Jacques Derrida's work of self-reflection on his own teaching practice by using as a guiding thread the problematics of reproduction in the seminars of the 1970s. The first part of the article examines the sequence of seminars taught by Derrida at École normale supérieure from 1971 to 1977 to show how the concept of reproduction is deconstructed by Derrida across several seminars. Derrida systematically demonstrates, across several themes and fields (sociology and economy, biology and sexuality, art, technique, ontology, and so on), that the critical recourse to the concept of reproduction (for instance, in its Marxist form) risks being complicit in the reproductive system it criticizes. The deconstructive motif of débordement is introduced to problematize this onto-logic of re-production. The second part of the article analyzes more specifically the unpublished seminar GREPH, le concept de l'idéologie chez les idéologues français (1974–75), in which Derrida examines the seminar function, his role as a teacher, and his own situation within the French educational system. In particular, Derrida offers a deconstructive critique of the reproductive effects of teaching, and of the institution of philosophy inasmuch as it functions as a reproductive machine. This work of deconstruction is done in the seminar notably through readings of Marx, Engels, and Althusser, with special attention to the concepts of ideology, reproduction, and sexual difference.


The invention discloses a silicon wafer etching method. The method comprises the following steps of (a) removing phosphorosilicate glass at the edges and on the lower surface of a silicon wafer; (b) etching the edges and the lower surface of the silicon wafer so as to remove positive and negative (PN) junctions on the silicon wafer; and (c) removing phosphorosilicate glass of the upper surface of the silicon wafer. By the method, the problem of black edges generated in the silicon wafer etching process or rising of sheet resistance is effectively solved. The invention also discloses silicon wafer etching equipment.


The supply gap of value-added products of yam and cassava in Nigeria has continued to widen and modeling investment in marketing of these products using Double Hurdle model is non-existence in literature. The study thus investigated factors influencing investment decision and level of investment in the marketing of valueadded products of yam and cassava in Benue State, Nigeria, using Double Hurdle model. Data were collected through structured questionnaire from 300 marketers of value-added products of yam and cassava, selected via multi-stage random sampling technique. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Double Hurdle model. The results revealed that marketers of these products in the study area were mostly married females with moderate household size, literate, young, non-member of cooperatives, experienced, and had access to credit with akpu/fufu as the most marketed product among the marketers. Estimates of the Double Hurdle model revealed that sex, marital status, age, and membership of cooperatives were the factors influencing investment decision in the marketing of these products while sex, marital status, level of education, age, membership of cooperatives, return, and credit received were the factors influencing level of investment in the marketing of these products. In identifying factors that significantly influence investment decision and level of investment in the marketing of these products, this study provides an empirical contribution to the existing literature. It was recommended that policies geared towards increasing the level of investment in the marketing of these products should take into consideration the socio-economic characteristics of the marketers.


In order to investigate the effects of different consolidation conditions on liquefaction characteristics of sands containing fines, a series of undrained cyclic triaxial liquefaction tests was performed on artificial samples prepared by mixing Toyoura sand and bentonite at a ratio of 95% to 5% by dry weight. Some specimens were isotropically consolidated for 1, 20 or 100 days at a regular temperature, while the others were consolidated for 2 or 5 days while heating the cell water up to 60 degrees centigrade. Over-consolidated specimens with OCR of 2 and 4 were also prepared at a regular temperature. During consolidation and cyclic triaxial shearing of several specimens, their quasi-elastic deformation properties were measured while applying very small amplitude cyclic axial loads. Longer consolidation time, higher temperature during consolidation or higher ratio of over-consolidation resulted in an increase in the liquefaction resistance, with the exception that the liquefaction resistance of specimens consolidated for 100 days was not larger than that of specimens consolidated for 20 days. On the other hand, such different consolidation conditions affected the change in the quasi-elastic deformation properties in different manners. Development of cementation was suggested to have occurred during consolidation under high temperature. Reduction in the extent of anisotropy was suggested to have occurred during over-consolidation, which was accompanied by a decrease in the negative dilatancy at the initial part of shearing.


The research work aimed to explore the quality of branded versus branded-generic tablet dosage forms containing Amoxicillin trihydrate equivalent to Amoxicillin+Potassium Clavulanate equivalent to Clavulanic acid. The analytical methods such as identification test, uniformity of content and tests for dissolution were carried out during the course of the study. The average assay value for Amoxicillin and Clavulanic acid contents obtained after analysis of different batches of drug product using HPLC method were found within limits. Moreover, both the variants exhibited almost identical dissolution profiles using HPLC method. It was concluded that no difference in the quality of various branded and branded-generic samples of Amoxycillin trihydrate+Potassium Clavulanate tablets were noted that entailed the same quality of branded-generics tablet formulations as that of the leading branded products.


Since the COVID-19 epidemic broke out in Wuhan, medical institutions in different parts the country have experienced personal protective equipment (PPE) shortages at different levels. The situation is especially severe in the coronavirus epicenter. Overseas donation is one of the effective methods to ease the shortage of protective equipment. Based on the practice of Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, the article discussed the difficulties and risks for public hospitals to receive overseas donations, summarized experience and proposed suggestions which can be used as reference for other public hospitals and related departments.

Key words:
Hospitals, public; COVID-19; Personal protective equipment; Overseas donation


Managing Pain in the Older Adult Edited by Michaelene Jansen.

Older adults comprise a rapidly growing segment of both society and consumers of health care. This population has a very high prevalence of persistent pain. Their pain is often undertreated or untreated because of inadequate assessment, concerns related to the harmful effects of medications, or social and economic barriers. The undertreatment of pain is recognized as a threat to the overall health and well-being of older adults and can contribute to physical harm, mental despair, and social isolation. Although much remains to be learned, there is now a growing body of literature on the topic.

The book Managing Pain in the Older Adult , edited by Michaelene Jansen [1], contributes to this literature as a reference for a wide range of clinicians caring for older adults. Although Dr. Jansen, a Gerontological Nurse-Practitioner, identifies the target audience as primary-care providers; nurses, therapists, and social workers would also find the content useful. The book …


Cellulitis is categorized as "carbuncle and pyogenic toxicity" in traditional Chinese medicine, local inflammatory reaction will occur when it happens. The disease is an dermatological phenomenon of deep infection. It would be neglected in mild symptoms, but it would cause sepsis when inflammation is severe. Cellulitis is defined as deep skin tissue infection. Subcutaneous fat layer of human skin tissue is like honeycomb, infection occurred in the subcutaneous fat layer if defined as "cellulitis." Etiology of cellulitis is mainly caused by bacterial infection, commonly with Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, E. Coli, and Haemophilus bacteria. The pyogenic pathway is mostly from the infection in the wound, such as trauma, wisdom tooth pulled, athlete's foot, etc. Bacteria grow and spread toxins in the intercellular space after infection via wound of human body. Severe phenomenon of wound infection would happen in the immune-compromised patients. However, cellulitis may not necessarily to have wound infection. Bacterial infection happened in other part of body would also cause cellulitis, including diabetic patients, gouty patients, the elderly, hepatic dysfunction patients, immune compromised or immunosuppressant taken patients, baby, and malnutrition. The "Gardenia and Phellodendron Decoction" is a natural antibiotic and without drug resistance. It can be used to treat cellulitis. The formula can clear heat and dry dampness, expel inner inflammation, dissolve toxin and cool blood. Acute inflammation of the lower limbs and facial tissue and tissue infection caused by viruses, bacteria, microbes can be treated with the formula. It serves good functions of anti-inflammation and cellular repair, strengthens the immune function of T cell and B cells, and enhances the function of cellular tissue. The "Gardenia and Phellodendron Decoction can treat cellulitis effectively.


Objective For the purpose of facilitating the confirmation of harvest time and promotion of cultivate administration,the accumulation dynamics of vitexicarpin in fruit and leaf of Vitex trifolia L.var.simplicifolia Cham.and the influence of different cultivate measures on vitexicarpin level were both analyzed.Methods High-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) was used in this study for determination of vitexicarpin in fruit and leaf of V.trifolia.Results Vitexicarpin in fruit and leaf of V.trifolia continuously mentained a high level from late summer to early autumn and showed obvious fluctuation,whereas the vitexicarpin content in fruit was about three times of that in leaf of the same period.The combined cultivating method of ridging and erective topiary enhanced vitexicarpin level in fruit about 16.3% and leaf about 2.7% than their respective control.Conclusion Integrating varies factors,in Shandong province and around areas the optimal fruit harvest time of V.trifolia should be late August to the first half of October.The combined cultivating method of ridging and erective topiary can significantly enhance the level of vitexicarpin in fruit,while only exerted little influence in leaf of V.trifolia..


A transient spectroscopy analysis of pulse signals induced by heavy ion micro probe was applied for chemical vapor deposition (CVD) diamond-based radiation detector to investigate the effects of native defects in on the degradation of charge collection efficiency (CCE). A high-purity CVD diamond with thickness of 100μm was employed for the analysis, and as a result, a defect with activation energy of 0.27 eV which is involved in the degradation of CCE was detected.


The aim of this project is to testing the extent to which production electrical energy as a result of wind speed, magnetic field strength, and the number of turns on the coil. This process is also known as the process of converting the kinetic energy into electrical energy. Therefore, this report relates to the objectives of the project, problem statement, project scope, procedures, literature review, methodology and proposals relating to the project to ensure the produce of "Development of wind turbine generator set using system trainer PIC" running smoothly and efficiently. In addition, the produce of this project will be able to solve the problem lack of understanding of students on the basic concept of generator and how it operates. There are advantages of this project is to it easier the learning process so that students better understand what is being taught by educators. Therefore, the project can go further in the commercialization for higher level education if made improvements. Expected with the existence of this project will be able to benefit and useful to students in the future.


The Purpose of this paper is to present a closed form solution of the special case of this problem where the soil resistance is considered to be uniform linear elastic-plastic.


We investigate class two representations of the absolute Galois group Gk of a number field k by using central simple algebras which are constructed from symplectic pairings on Gk. AMS classification 2000: 11R32, 11R34, 11R37, 11R54


With the advent of the Torsional Vibration Meter Type 2523, a new, advanced laser-based technique for fast, easy and accurate measurement of torsional vibrations was introduced to the market. Some of the astonishing features offered by this new (later patented) technique included: No sensitivity to translational vibrations of the rotating specimen and/ or the laser transducer part of the instrument and no sensitivity to the crosssectional geometry of the shaft. In this Application Note, the basic optical design of the instrument is introduced along with a derived mathematical explanation of some of the important features offered by the technique and implemented in the Torsional Vibration Meter Type 2523. Furthermore, to verify the performance of the instrument, results from comparison measurements are presented and evaluated. The concept of the Torsional Vibration Meter Type 2523 was originally conceived by a team led by N.A. Halliwell at the University of Southampton (Institute of Sound and Vibration Research) and subsequently described in a "Letter to the Editor"* that first appeared in a technical publication. A part of this Application Note is based on this "Letter to the Editor" and appears by courtesy of Academic Press Incorporated Ltd., London, England. * The original title of this "Letter to the Editor" is: "The Laser Torsional Vibrometer: A New Instrument". It appeared in Journal of Sound & Vibration (1984), 93(4), 588-592. Two Torsional Vibration Meters Type 2523 being prepared for a marine application. The operating principle ensures that the instrument can be employed even in severe environments with maintained confidence in the results