This article examines evidence of information literacy in the context of legal education and legal practice in Nigeria. It seeks to explore the application of Kuhlthau's Information Search Process model as the dominant framework used in investigating issues of uncertainty and task complexity in a study conducted among graduate lawyers in Nigeria. The article provides an analysis of the empirical validity of the model in investigating the connection between learning, experience and the development of expertise among novice practitioners in the legal workplace in Nigeria. Data were obtained using quantitative and qualitative approaches while a case study method was employed for the study. Based on the findings of the study, the article offers insight into the role of the cognitive and affective dimensions in information seeking and the implications they have on issues of curriculum design, teaching methods and learning experiences in the context of legal education and practice in Nigeria.


Fine-particle metal chromites (MCr2O4, where M = Mg, Ca, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn) have been prepared by the combustion of aqueous solutions containing the respective metal nitrate, chromium(III) nitrate, and urea in stoichiometric amounts. The mixtures, when rapidly heated to 350°C, ignite and yield voluminous chromites with surface areas ranging from 5 to 25 m2/g. MgCr2O4, sintered in air at 1500°C for 5 h, has a density of 4.0 g/cm3.


The Kidd blood group antigens are urea transporters found on the surface of red blood cells, renal tubular epithelial cells, and endothelial cells in the renal medulla and vasa recta. While controversial, some reports have described an association between Kidd antigen donor/recipient mismatches and kidney transplant rejection when recipients possess or form anti-Kidd alloantibodies. To date, none of these reports have described development of a thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) in the renal graft associated with these antibodies. We describe a case of fulminant renal transplant rejection associated with TMA in a patient with anti-Jk(a) alloantibodies who received a deceased-donor kidney transplant (DDKT).

 A 64-year-old woman with end-stage renal disease secondary to AL amyloidosis caused by plasma cell neoplasm received a DDKT associated with delayed graft function. No pre- or post-transplant donor specific antibodies (DSA) were detected, the flow crossmatch testing was negative, and a pre-operative type and screen identified anti-Jk(a) alloantibodies. On post-transplant day 5, her creatinine remained elevated at 6 mg/dL (ref range: 0.4–1.3 mg/dL) with an acute drop in platelets and undetectable haptoglobin. Allograft biopsy showed a combination of TMA with some additional evidence of acute cellular rejection. Tacrolimus was stopped to rule out drug-induced TMA, and the workup showed negative Shiga toxin, normal ADAMTS13 activity, negative atypical HUS genetic testing, and negative antiphospholipid syndrome testing. Genotyping of the donor kidney was positive for the Jk(a) antigen. Eculizumab, IVIG, and a trial of 8 sessions of therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) were administered. Her creatinine improved (1.93–2.05 mg/dL), indicating a significant antibody-mediated etiology to her delayed graft function. About one month later, her creatinine worsened, and she received another trial of TPE with IVIG and eculizumab. Despite a mild decrease in her creatinine, repeat biopsies showed acute cellular rejection, persistent TMA, and chronic allograft injury. No DSAs were ever detected. Her creatinine never recovered, and she is now dialysis-dependent.

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 We speculate that anti-Jk(a) antibodies interacting with a Jk(a)-positive donor kidney account for graft TMA. This case underscores the potential importance of matching Kidd antigens in kidney transplantation.


Objective To investigate the characteristics of elderly hypertension,its common complications and the relationship.Methods 69 cases of elderly hypertensive patients in our hospital were divided into high blood pressure,isolated systolic hypertension,isolated diastolic hypertension three groups.To observe each patient complications and its incidence.Results The incidence of isolated systolic hypertension increases with age,and there is a significant difference(P0.005);Its most common complications is stroke and the most common associated complications is hyperlipidemia.Conclusion The elderly hypertensive is a risk factors of the causes of heart and cerebrovascular disease.It should be applied a reasonable choice of antihypertensive drugs to control blood pressure,and aggressive treatment of complications and associated complications should be done to improve patient quality of life.


This on-going inductive study investigates how fast-response organizations embedded in inertial contexts prepare for large-scale transformation. Using the case of an Emergency Department (ED) about to undergo a major relocation as part of the largest health system restructuring in Canada, we show how rules, as key sources of regulatory pressure in the institutional context, are purposively rediscovered, formalized and enacted in situ to enable agency and change. Using the impending "move" as an occasion for change, actors carefully selected specific rules and translated them into socially accepted coordination mechanisms. These mechanisms were then used performatively and materially to legitimate the enforcement of work boundaries with specialist groups of equal or greater power. In this study of rules resuscitation work, we uncover two practices we call reviving rules and enacting protocols. We call these practices projective because they foreground the future-oriented aspect of agency in that shared und...


The current work focuses on the challenges faced while realizing the 3D Model of ASTROSAT using Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) - A material extrusion based additive manufacturing technology. Initially, the entire assembly of the ASTROSAT was studied and modified appropriately to suit the demonstration model. The modified assembly was scaled down to 1:6 scale. The scaled down model was then re-modified at the local subsystems (or individual component) level, according to the manufacturability through FDM and this was the major challenge faced due to constraint on minimum printable feature size. All the subsystems or individual components were converted to STL format and were printed on FORTUS 400MC of Stratasys. Thus obtained 3D printed parts were assembled as per the assembly drawing. It was found that, the FDM technology and Additive Manufacturing technology as a whole, is very useful in realizing the complicated demonstration modelsin a very short duration, without compromising the prominent engineering features.


In this paper a decision method of uniform convergence for function sequence is given, and a few of properties for the uniformly convergent function-sequence are obtained by this method, which is used in the construction of a new uniformly convergent function-sequence by others known.


In this article the linguistic-pragmatic problems of kineme verbal representation in literary text space are examined. The authors interpret the concepts of "speech act illocutionary force" and "performative utterance", which are becoming more widespread within the frame of pragmatic theory, speech act theory being the very core of it. The authors emphasize the kinemes which are used attended by verbal utterance. First, they complement verbal part, serving as speech act illocutionary force marker. Secondly, kinemes duplicate verbal utterance information and together with verbal part of the utterance create speech act illocutionary force. The authors draw special attention to non-verbal kinemes as they carry the entire "message", serving as speech act illocutionary goal markers. In addition, kinemes as any other signs undergo alterations under social and economic, cultural conditions and convey culture-specific and universal concepts of Russian and French kinesics systems. These characteristics are foregrounded in cross-cultural communication, in connection with complexity of denotation object construal and sign-oriented similarity establishment


owadays, a considerable portion of research literature from universities worldwide focuses on the use of robots to enhance the abilities of physically challenged people. There are a variety of challenges in designing a brain-computer interface (BCI), the most important of which is the processing of the signals derived from human brain. Signal processing includes 3 Steps: feature extraction, feature reduction and classification. This paper focuses on processing EEG signals first and then transferring the results to mobile robots in order to develop intelligent wheelchair. Brain signals are derived from Physionet database. This paper employed power spectral density (PSD) and classification based on support vector machine (SVM) in order to extract the feature from the frequency domain database while ignoring the time domain. Controlling system in this research is an open-loop controller because the processed output instructions are displayed in two screens: (1) illustration of right movement and (0) illustration of left movement, with no feedback from the robot or the algorithm after the implementation. The output algorithm is used to direct the mobile robot: the mobile robot tilts to the right in case of a right hand movement while it tilts to the left in case of a left hand movement.


This study focused on cases that led sustainable urban development through the construction and utilization of organic greenery systems linking green spaces of urban peripheries with metropolitan areas. To that end, Berlin Brandenburg's regional parks in Germany and Milan's Raggi Verdi, a radial green axis project, in Italy were selected for analysis as case studies. As frameworks for this analysis, this study has established existing infrastructure accessibility and linkage, recycling and cooperative management. The results of the case study analysis are as follows: First, the specialized spatial strategy based on the individuality of the green space outside the city rather than a uniform landscape was used as the foundation of the sustainable development plan. Second, physical linkage from the center of the city to the periphery contributed to the sustainable development of the overall metropolis by improving the economic value of the surrounding area as well as ecological and environmental values. Third, the central management system was established to reduce the administrative inconvenience caused by multiple administrative districts in the green space of urban periphery. The implications of applying the above results to Seoul, Korea are as follows. First, it is necessary to establish a differentiation strategy by re-establishing the identity of a green landscape in the urban periphery, because the green spaces of Seoul's periphery are dispersed and mostly have a repetitious mountain landscape. Also, it is necessary to actively link peripheral mountains and urban green areas to create ecological value and economic value, and ultimately to help the sustainable development of the city. Finally, building an integrated management system is required to solve fragmented green space management departments in most of the urban periphery's green spaces. In conclusion, this study shows the significant possibility that the sustainable development of a metropolis can be derived from the utilization, linkage, and management of the green space in the urban peripheries, which is extraordinary compared to normal centralized urban development. 지속가능한 발전을 위한 대도시 외연부 녹지 활용 사례연구 Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture 185 한국조경학회지 제 46권 1호(2018년 2월) 73 I. 서론


Gerindra is one of the leading political parties in Indonesia. Edhy Prabowo is known as an influential figure in the Gerindra Party who currently serves as Deputy Chairperson of the Gerindra Party. Communication is very important in human life, communication is in every human activity. The form can be in the form of writing, oral, image, gesture, printed words. The style of communication comes in part of communication activities in general. Communication style can influence the smoothness of the communication process in an organization. Job performance is greatly influenced by the motivation of employees who are high in doing their jobs. Motivation for each person or individual is different. Depending on the impulse that is basis of someone doing something or working. This study aims to determine the communication style of Edhy Prabowoin motivating Prabowo Subianto's guards. The concepts used in this study include the style communication, organizational communication, and work motivation. The research paradigm use constructivists with a descriptive qualitative  reaserch approach. The subjects of the study were Deputy General of Gerindra Party and Guard Prabowo Subianto. The results of the study revealed that the communication style used by Edhy Prabowo as Deputy Chairperson of the Gerindra Party was a combination of the equalitarian style and the structuring style. In leading the organization Edhy Prabowo also uses a democratic leadership style and implements two way communication. Keyword : Communication Style and Motivation.


The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) technique has been employed to analyze a large number of electromagnetic scattering problems. However, only a limited number of problems involving antenna radiation has been investigated. Furthermore, the excitation source of the radiating systems has been mostly a Gaussian type pulse. The concept of a discrete impulse excitation is developed and used to feed linear antennas and other radiating systems. Different cases of antenna analysis are considered to illustrate the applicability of the impulse excitation. Furthermore, a comparison with the method of moments as well as the FDTD technique with Gaussian type pulse excitations is made to validate the presented technique.


Third-party logistics alliance is an organization innovation.The paper analyies the co-opetition factors in the network times and the competition-coordination mode.It points out the special principal-agent relationship with two kinds of governance patterns:thirty-party logistics supplydemand alliance and thirty-party virtual enterprise.This coordination mechanism in governance is brought forward in order to guide this new type of organization form in practice.


: People who are long-term-unemployed are one of the groups on the labour market that face several difficulties to find a new job. Basing on the Human Capital Theory and on the Signalling Theory, we evaluate the conditions under which long-term unemployed people have increasing chances to be recruited compared to short-term unemployed individuals by using logistic regression models. The results show that in comparison with short-term unemployed people, the pro-bability to be employed increases for those being long-term unemployed when firms are filling positions that do not require any professional qualification. In contrast to our theoretical assumptions, long-term unemployed individuals do not have higher chances to be recruited for temporary employment but they show a higher likelihood for being hired for a part-time job. Furthermore, only a part of our theoretical expectations is met concerning the increasing chances for those being long-term unemployed that we assumed when firms use their social contacts and employee referrals for recruitment. Third party recommendations do not show any positive correlation with increasing employment chances for long-term unemployed people. However, if a firm is looking for candidates in its internal labour market, the chance to be recruited increases significantly for long-term unemployed individuals compared to those being short-term unemployed. Last but not least, we can show that the recruitment chances for long-term unemployed people increases when firms face difficulties to fill their open positions. Our results indicate that, given firms willingness to compromise, there are possibilities for long-term unemployed individuals to find a new job. This is particularly the case when firms are confronted with labour shortage.


Black leg of canola (Brassica napus), caused by Leptosphaeria maculans, is primarily controlled by the use of resistant cultivars. In Canada, resistance has been effective for about 10 years, but the frequency of new pathotypes is increasing and there are reports of breakdown of resistance in some cultivars. Race-nonspecific resistance is present in many cultivars in Australia and Europe. The genetic basis of resistance in Canadian cultivars is unknown. This paper reviews our current knowledge relating to disease management using resistance in Canada and the genetics of race-specific and race-nonspecific resistance in the host-pathogen interaction between L. maculans and B. napus. The particular focus is on resistance associated with the A genome and how resistance might be achieved over the long term.


The hydrolysis reaction of (±)-2-acetamido-3-hydroxy-1-(4-nitrophenyl)-1-propanone[(±)-[STHZ]1], an intermediate of chloramphenicol, was studied and three different products were obtained respectively under different reaction conditions. The resolution of hydrolysis product (±)-2-amino-3-hydroxy- 1-(4-nitrophenyl)-1-propanone, an intermediate of chloramphenicol, was studied and three different products were obtained respectively under different reaction conditions. The resolution of hydrolysis product (±)-2-amino-3-hydroxy- 1-(4-nitrophenyl)-1-propanone[(±)-[STHZ]3] was carried out. A process of crystallization-induced asymmetric transformation was observed and up to 76% of the optically pure enantiomer was obtained in the resolution of (±)- was carried out. A process of crystallization-induced asymmetric transformation was observed and up to 76% of the optically pure enantiomer was obtained in the resolution of (±)-3.


Proposes the reasons of the slow development in large-scale public building are the shortage of corresponding incentive policies.Explores the construction of the incentive policies of large-scale public building and makes the preliminary design and gives several suggestions in promoting the work of large-scale public building energy.


The traditional work model of HTTP is a pull technology. This model is characterized by client making request and server-side response. But In some cases this pull model can not meet the requirements of data transferring between client and server, such as monitoring and controlling system, instant messaging system. These systems need to implement a real-time data transfer mode, which is a push technology. With the fast development of HTTP, asynchronous transfer and TCP persistent connection have bean widely used in the web application. But these technologies for real-time transmission of information have still many problems and disadvantages. In this paper, using the technology of persistent connection based on HTTP to implement a scheme of real time information transfer, and using this scheme in an application of network management based on CORBA. This scheme implements a new web services based on CORBA and push technology. Compared with other technologies, it has advantages of better adaptability, versatility, and security.


Patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are at increased risk of developing metabolic disease such as diabetes. The effects of positive airway pressure on glycemic control are contradictory. We therefore evaluated the change in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in a large cohort of OSA patients after long‐term treatment with positive airway pressure. HbA1c levels were assessed in a subsample of the European Sleep Apnea Database [n=1608] at baseline and at long‐term follow up with positive airway pressure therapy (mean 378.9±423.0 days). In a regression analysis, treatment response was controlled for important confounders.


As a case study, this paper analyses the tourism development of three ancient towns in southern Jiangsu Province. According to their development strategy, the paper gives a cooperation-competition model (C-C model) of tourism development in adjacent regions which have similar tourist resources for the purpose of harmonizing the relationship between regional tourism competition and regional cooperation.The paper firstly touches upon the intensity of C-C model and its terms to be implemented. With a view to promote and achieve regional tourism integration, it is of fundamental significance to bring C-C model into practice, which means forming up the system of organic cooperation based on interregional competition. Under the condition of market economy, the impetus for the full implementation of C-C model derives from the development of regional tourism. Its foundation is the relative region's benefits. Its basic way is marketing exchange and being supplemented by the local government. The final target of C-C model is to build an attractive tourist destination on the background of shaping and bringing the characteristics of all the relative regions and scenic resorts into play so as to actualize a win-win or multi-win regional tourism development structure. Four facets can be applied to realize the C-C model. The common terms include: first, there are suitable tourist resources to attract adequate tourists for the region to make enough benefits for its operation; second, the region's tourism image had been or can be perceived by tourists, or it must be supported by and near a high reputation tourist region; third, it must have a high accessibility and enough infrastructures to support the tourists' activities; finally, there are rich and colorful activities to provide more high quality experiences for tourists. These conditions can be summed up in a broad outline; the region must be attractive, easily perceived, accessible and functional. Following the analysis of the situation of tourism development and its possibility and feasibility to realize the C-C model in the region within the three ancient towns (Zhouzhuang, Luzhi and Tongli), the paper finally proposes three strategies to act its C-C model.


Abstract This article attempts to explore the link between education and democracy. Education is supposed to serve as a unifying factor and socialization agent among citizens of a state; teaching them who they are and what their country expects of them. The role of the educational system is important for the state in building a civic identity and patriotism among students. In Bosnia-Herzegovina (BiH), students complete a "Democracy and Human Rights" civics education course in primary and secondary schools; however, the current pedagogical implementation of instilling a civic identity is low, with little attention paid to civic identity promotion. This article examines the notions of civic pride and education among high school seniors in BiH via statistical analysis of original field data (n=5,749 surveys; 78 high schools in 53 towns). Identity politics and ethnic saliency are explored, with concluding views on the lack of (perceived) rights among the Croat student population. Cross-cutting cleavages and interpersonal trust are low, with the ethnic promoted over the civic.


The F1 hybrid of the distant hybridization between Heros managuense(♀)and Cichiasoma trimaculatum(♂)were successfully obtained though years of research. Gonadal development of the F1 hybrid was studied by light microscopy. The developmental chronology of gonad is composed of 6 stages. At the age of 1~3 months, ovaries was at stage Ⅰ, and ovaries developed to stage Ⅱat the age of 4~5 months. Ovaries developed to stage Ⅲ and stage Ⅳ respectively by 6~8 months and 9~11 months. The first maturity age was one year, ovaries was at stage Ⅴ, nucleus already displacement. During the winter, ovaries was at stage Ⅵ, the ovaries degenerated to stageⅡ histology structure.The results indicated that the F1 hybrid is fertile. Female seems to be able to spawn twice in one spawning season. It is further suggested that brachypomum belongs to the type of poly-spawning fish.


Background: Extracted tooth material has been seen as a valuable alternative to synthetic biomaterials. Aims: A novel flapless alveolar socket preservation (ASP) procedure with demineralized extracted tooth dentin graft material covered by three reabsorb able membranes was histologically and clinically evaluated 4 months after bone healing. Methods: Ten patients were enrolled and separated into two groups. Five post-extractive sites without buccal and/or palatal bone walls were treated with the flapless ASP procedure with demineralized tooth dentin covered with three reabsorb able membranes (Group A—GA). Five patients were treated with primary wound closure covered only with a reabsorb able membrane (Group B—GB). Bone biopsies were performed for histologic and histomorphometric analyses. Results: In both procedures, all clinical outcomes showed good healing of hard and soft tissue and a good maintenance of maxillary architecture. The histological analysis showed no necrosis or inflammatory areas in either group. The histomorphometric analysis showed higher total bone volume in GA (62.78 ± 7.97%) compared to GB (48.04 ± 9.32%), higher vital new bone in GA (57.53 ± 11.16%) compared to GB (42.41 ± 13.06%) and similar values for residual graft in GA (5.24 ± 5.82%) compared to GB (5.29 ± 4.83%). Conclusions: The data obtained show how this novel technique, mixed with the dentin-derived graft material, seems to promote higher bone regeneration.


Introduction: The Human Resource Management Function and an Overview of the System for Testing and Evaluation of Potential (STEP) A Review of Job Analysis Procedures and the Development of a Procedure for Analyzing Higher-Level Positions Identification of the Functions Performed by Managerial Hierarchy and Level of Organizational Functioning A Review of the Procedures and Measures Used in Employee Evaluations and the Development of the Managerial and Professional Test Battery Analysis of the Abilities, Skills, and Attributes of Incumbents by Managerial Hierarchy and Level of Organizational Functioning The Reliability and Validity of the STEP Measurement Systems Implementation of the STEP Program for Strategic Human Resource Management by Melany E. Baehr and Donald M. Moretti The Career Counseling Conference The Challenges to Human Resource Management in the 1990s and Beyond by Brian D. Steffy and Melany E. Baehr References Index


In this paper, a new image recognition method using Radon transform is proposed, some of the interesting properties of the Radon transform is studied. 2-D image moment invariant using Radon transform is constructed. According to the data in the transform space, singular value decomposition (SVD) is proposed to obtain rotational invariant. Simulation results are given to obtain insight into the efficiencies offered by our method.


We extend the SM5 solvation model for calculating solvation free energies of a variety of organic solutes in both aqueous and organic solvents so that it can be employed in conjunction with high-level electronic structure calculations. The extension is illustrated by presenting three implementations based on density-functional theory (DFT). The three implementations are called SM5.42R/BPW91/MIDI!6D, SM5.42R/BPW91/DZVP, and SM5.42R/BPW91/6-31G*. They have the following features: (1) They utilize gradient-corrected DFT with polarized double zeta basis sets to describe the electronic structure of a solute. The particular exchange-correlation functional adopted is Becke's exchange with the Perdew–Wang 1991 correlation functional, usually called BPW91. The MIDI!6D, DZVP, and 6-31G* basis sets are used. (2) They employ fixed solute geometries in solvation calculations. The model is designed to predict solvation free energies based on any reasonably accurate gas-phase solute geometry. (3) The electric polarizati...


Significance The transmembrane proton gradient is the primary source of cellular energy. Cytochrome c oxidase pumps protons uphill across the membrane using the energy released by the reduction of O2. Proton transport requires that residues change their proton affinity during the reaction cycle. Calculation of proton binding identifies a cluster of residues that bind and release a proton on each reduction of the active site. These residues can constitute a proton loading site. The heme propionic acids play the central role in proton loading. If the propionic acid proton affinity is too low, no protons will be loaded. The same proton-pumping mechanism can be used for each of the four redox steps carried out in the reaction cycle. Cytochrome c oxidase (CcO) uses the energy released by reduction of O2 to H2O to drive eight charges from the high pH to low pH side of the membrane, increasing the electrochemical gradient. Four electrons and protons are used for chemistry, while four more protons are pumped. Proton pumping requires that residues on a pathway change proton affinity through the reaction cycle to load and then release protons. The protonation states of all residues in CcO are determined in MultiConformational Continuum Electrostatics simulations with the protonation and redox states of heme a, a3, CuB, Y288, and E286 used to define the catalytic cycle. One proton is found to be loaded and released from residues identified as the proton loading site (PLS) on the P-side of the protein in each of the four CcO redox states. Thus, the same proton pumping mechanism can be used each time CcO is reduced. Calculations with structures of Rhodobacter sphaeroides, Paracoccus denitrificans, and bovine CcO derived by crystallography and molecular dynamics show the PLS functions similarly in different CcO species. The PLS is a cluster rather than a single residue, as different structures show 1–4 residues load and release protons. However, the proton affinity of the heme a3 propionic acids primarily determines the number of protons loaded into the PLS; if their proton affinity is too low, less than one proton is loaded.


Three views of Caracas. The nineteenth-century city through its pictorial and graphic testimonies Abstract: The aim of this article is the study of artistic testimonies of Caracas, specifically pictorial and graphic ones and done between 1830 y 1890, as interpretational resources of an integral image of the city's landscape from an artistic perspective. In order to do that, we start from the premise that artistic images are a product and expression of their time. A selection of images that reveal most of the changes in the urban structure and the landscape are presented; the images are grouped under "theme glances" that respond, first, to the artist's ideological position in front of his representation of reality; and second, to the point of view or the distance from which he looks at its objective.


The characteristics of linear transformer are studied analytically, which is composed in one of modes of linear motor-transformer apparatus proposed for future wireless LRV (light rail vehicle). The secondary (onboard) power factor can adjusted at any value by onboard converter. The equivalent circuit is used to study the transferred power control. The parameters are determined by three-dimensional FEM (finite element method) analysis for one pole-pair model. Under the rated primary (input) and secondary voltage and current, which are specified for linear motor operation, the characteristics to the secondary power factor are cleared. It is also shown that the input capacitor can improve the primary power factor and decrease the input power capacity, but does not change the efficiency. This linear transformer has the efficiency of 91% and the input power factor of 0.87 for the control of secondary power factor of 0.4 under the condition without input capacitor.


Abstract Collaborative design (co-design) involving practitioners and researchers is emerging as a productive context for addressing theoretical as well as practical issues of teaching and learning. Co-design affords learning opportunities for all participants, although the focus has typically been on teachers. In this study, the Interconnected Interactive Model of Professional Growth (IIMPG) serves as a conceptual tool for tracing professional growth pathways of teachers and researchers in co-design contexts. The IIMPG is illustrated through a case study of a teacher and a researcher during a multi-year co-design project. Interactional analyses of their co-design work indicated change in the roles of the teacher and the researcher, knowledge of science inquiry as text-based modeling, and strategies for supporting students in engaging in it. Four years later, the teacher and researcher collaborated in retrospective reflection on their co-design work. Analyses revealed increased awareness of the underlying principles governing the multiple components of the design and how these supported conceptual coherence and interconnected knowledge for students. The multiple lenses and timescales enabled new insights on when, how, and why people learn during collaborative design. The IIMPG served as a generative tool for capturing professional growth pathways for teachers and researchers over iterative co-design cycles.


The interest and the novelty of research converse here concern use of plastic bags in food shopping. The generic thoughts that drive this research are at what incidence adolescent girls use plastic bags. The data presented on the use of these bags indicate that 50 % of the participants always use plastic bags for food shopping. The results also presented that 40 % of girls were using it always as well as sometimes as it is convenient for shopping. It was found to be 40 % using plastic bags always and 20 % were using it sometimes as they are not aware of environmental pollution and protection. The ranking result showed that handy to use as I st rank followed by without knowing the impact of storing food (II nd rank) and forget to take own bags (III rd rank), usually recyclable (IV th rank) and cheap or free of cost (V th rank) as the main reason behind using plastic bags for shopping.


State finance regulations during the Covid -19 pandemic have corruption potential, because the Central oregional Governments have discretion to manage state finance that are create opportunities for authority abuse. The study purpose was to examine state financial regulations during the Covid -19 pandemic that have corruption potential. This research was legal research which was based on the policy to regulate the state finance use during the Covid -19 pandemic. This study used conceptual and statute approaches.The results showed that the enactment of Law Number 2 of 2020 concerning Stipulation of Government Regulations in lieu of Law Number 1 of 2020 is the form of Government seriousness to save the national health and economy. However, granting authority and discretion to the central or regional government to use state finance if without proper supervision, control and examination, there is potential for authority abuse. Supervision is the main task of central government, if the supervisory function is not good in the process of proposing the Covid -19 budget, this will create difficulties, which will provide opportunities for corruption.


In the note we prove that the elemet number of t he quotient ring R=Z/(m+ni) of the Gauss integral ring is m 2+ n 2.


Indonesia is one of countries that produces several types of tobacco. Almost 80% tobacco produces is used of cigarette industry. Tobacco leaves slicing into small cuts is one of the process of cigarette production. The cutting process of tobacco requires Cut Cell which is able to cut tobacco into small pieces. Contol is required in the process of making cut cell to set the quality of the blade. The quality control often has problem in determining the Cut Cell quality. The problem is the length of time needed in determining the quality. In this fast paced era, the Quality Control is demanded to be able to determine the cut cell quality quickly and accurately. To support this need from the Quality Control, a system that can be used to determine the cut cell quality which has fast output result. The research process is started with collecting the system needs, followed by system designing, then system making, and system test. The system designing is initiated by preparing the test data and training data which are going to be used for the making and testing of the system. RADIAL BASIS FUNCTION consist of several calculation processes. The first  process is the process of center search of each variable using K-MEANS method. Aftar the center is found, the deviation standard of each variable is calculated. The second process is setting the GAUSSIAN matrix of every group found. The third process is the process of new weight and bias values search by doing pseudo-inverse GAUSSIAN matrix multiplication. The forth process is classification in which this process sets out the classication result by multiplying the value of GAUSSIAN matrix and new weight and bias applying network output formula. The experiment done to 75 experiment data which are compared to manual data as the reference result 12 different data, thus it can be concluded that the accuracy level of this system is 84 %.


The territories located near large industrial enterprises on aluminum and silicon production, experience powerful technogenic pollution. In the Irkutsk region quantity saved up fluorine - carbon – and siliceous waste reaches 13 million tons that renders serious ecological threat of the Baikal region. At the same time dust of cyclones and slime of silicon production contain substances which can find application in the industry. The method of electronic microscopy established availability of carbon nanotubes in a foamy product, received as a result of flotation of a cyclone dust from silicon production. From a comparison of methods known in the literature for producing carbon nanostructures found that carbon in the process of obtaining a crystalline silicon ore-smelting in the electric arc furnace is in the environment in which two mechanisms of formation of CNTs: catalytic decomposition of gaseous hydrocarbons and modified arc method. By electron microscopy revealed the presence of CNTs in the foam product obtained as a result of the flotation cyclone dust of silicon production. It is possible to receive carbon nanotubes from waste of silicon production.


Author Institution: Del Mar Photonics,Inc., 4119 Twilight Ridge, San Diego, CA 92130; Center for Photochemical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio, 43403


MPEG-21 digital item adaptation (DIA) allows for a media codec agnostic multimedia adaptation approach which enables the implementation of generic adaptation engines. However, DIA is optimized for static, server-based adaptation. In this paper we introduce novel mechanisms to extend the DIA approach towards dynamic and distributed scenarios. This facilitates the placement of generic adaptation nodes which perform media codec agnostic and dynamic adaptation anywhere along the content delivery path. To validate our work we implemented such an adaptation node and evaluate its performance.


Drought events occur worldwide and possibly incur severe consequences. Trying to understand and characterize drought events is of considerable importance in order to improve the preparedness for coping with future events. In this paper, we present a methodology that allows for the delineation of drought events by exploiting their spatiotemporal nature. To that end, we apply operators borrowed from mathematical morphology to represent drought events as connected components in space and time. As an illustration, we identify drought events on the basis of a 35‐year data set of daily soil moisture values covering mainland Australia. We then extract characteristics reflecting the affected area, duration and intensity from the proposed representation of a drought event in order to illustrate the impact of tuning parameters in the methodology presented. Yet, this paper we refrain from comparing with other drought delineation methods.


Abstract The method of matched asymptotic expanisions is used to solve the problem of flow over a thin airfoil possessing a trailing-edge appendage, which may be of a general character, but is confined to a region of small size compated to the airfoil' chord. A feature of this asymptotic solution is effective de-coupling of the flow problems for the main airfoil and the flap. The special case of an attached flat flap set at an arbitrary angle is solved in detail.


To deal with the toppling deformation and fracture rock-mass problem at the embankment slope in Jinping hydropower station,the whole slope surface is reinforced by shotcrete support,rock bolting and frame pier with prestressed cable.The integral stability of left slope is controlled by the potential large sliding body which is composed by fault f42-9,deep crack SL44-1 and lamprophyre dike X.Some three-layer anti-shear tunnels on the sliding body are designed;and a lot of deep perstressed cables across the faults are placed at the slope surface to reinforce the sliding body.A management system,which follows the principle of dynamic design,scientific study tracking,safety monitoring and immediate reacting analysis,and dynamic management informationization,is established.According to the geological conditions and safety monitoring data during excavation,combining with construction situation,slope stability analysis and real-time safety monitoring could be conducted;in addition to the optimization of design and strict controlling of construction procedure,excavation work of the left embankment slope finally goes on smoothly.


The invention discloses a cable terminal with a stress pipe, which solves the problem of poor dispersing effect of an electric field generated by a stress pipe arranged in the traditional cable terminal on the cable stripping end. The cable terminal with the stress pipe comprises a cable and a silicon rubber cable terminal sleeve, wherein the cable comprises a line core, an insulating layer, an outer shield and an outer jacket in sequence from inside to outside; the end part of the cable is stripped at a certain size in sequence; a plurality of annular umbrella skirts are arranged on the peripheral surface of the silicon rubber sleeve in parallel; the silicon rubber sleeve is sleeved at the periphery of the insulating layer of the cable stripping end; a stress pipe which is sleeved at the periphery of the cable stripping end is arranged in the silicon rubber sleeve; the stress pipe is made of insulating silicon rubber, conducting silicon rubber, nano barium titanate and nano titanium dioxide; the stress pipe comprises an outer-layer stress pipe and an inner-layer stress pipe; the outer-layer stress pipe and the inner-layer stress pipe are coaxially sleeved together; the dielectric constant of the outer-layer stress pipe is between 12 and 20; and the dielectric constant of the inner-layer stress pipe is between 20 and 30.


Computer simulation models were constructed and applied to understand the low-dimensional crystallites formed in carbon nanotubes when filled with liquid KI. By using a much simplified model, the precise atomistic region of the specific distortions observed experimentally were determined. As a result, the same model was applied to understanding the actual atomistic mechanism by which these tubes fill. It was shown that the narrow pore radius of the nanotube, coupled with the ionic ordering inherent in the filling material, are critical in the formation of the low-dimension crystallites observed experimentally.


To use geographic logging parameters for the determination of rock permeability coefficient in uranium mining via in situ leaching,the study based on that the coefficient of permeability of rock profile related to the mud content in the rock and that the natural potential of the geographic logging parameter and resistivity also depended on mud content of rock,according to lab rock permeability coefficient and analytical data of mud content and the original information of natural potential of geographic logging parameter and resistivity curves,the relationship between permeability coefficient and natural potential and resistivity was determined.Using the relationship curve between them,the coefficient of permeability of ore body and specific flow of recovery boreholes could be calculated.


continue employing physicians who had allowed relatives to die, would have been resolved had she systematically applied her initial insight. The issue was not, as she says elsewhere, about appropriate medical knowledge or setting standards of care, but about the care of the soul in its physical setting, a job which might be done as well by an educated priest with a smattering of medical knowledge, as by a trained physician. Indeed her own emphasis on the "regimen" as a route to health which did not require doctors implicitly makes the same point. This is a solid, scholarly work, but it would have been better had the author thought through the implications of her initial analysis. Princeton University Press might also notice that the stitching is so poor in my copy that after one reading the first quire has already come loose. In the nineteenth century the hazards of coal mining were well known to occupational health specialists. Thus, Thomas Arlidge, that doyen of British occupational medicine, observed in the 1890s that "[m]iners as a rule, are not well-setup -men". They looked anxious and prematurely old; they had a tendency to shuffle with a stooping gait and frequently had misshapen limbs. Aside from the risk of accidental death or injury from explosion, roof fall, or a range of other perils, they faced various health hazards including nystagmus, ankylostomiasis, and respiratory disease. As regards the latter, Arlidge accepted that coal dust, largely on account of its rounded structure, was not the most dangerous dust. On the other hand, its prolonged inhalation did produce dyspnoea, chronic bronchitis, and fibrosis. Accordingly, while the overall mortality rate among coal miners was surprisingly low, the death rate from respiratory disease was high. As for the widespread notion that coal dust accorded immunity against pulmonary tuberculosis, Arlidge was a confirmed sceptic. Notwithstanding the state of specialist knowledge at the end of the nineteenth century, the fact is that in the USA, as Alan Derickson convincingly demonstrates, for "much of the twentieth century, many in positions of authority held that breathing coal mine dust was harmless, or even beneficial, to human health". This being the case, few efforts were made in any states either to provide compensation for coal miners incapacitated by their unhealthy workplaces, or to eliminate dust from mines. Indeed, as mechanical power was applied to the extraction of coal in the course of the …


In Mr. Fearn's article on this subject in the February number of the Journal, in which a solution is given in the form of a Fourier series, a reference is made to the unsatisfactory results of an attempt to use double differentiation of the displacement curve. It is generally recognised that such a process is fundamentally inaccurate, and analytical methods, either exact or approximate, are usually given in books dealing with mechanisms. For mechanisms of the piston-connecting rod type, in which the higher harmonics of the motion of the driven member diminish very rapidly, two harmonics in all generally give all the necessary accuracy, both for displacement and acceleration. Mr. Fearn's solution is of this type, though he includes a fourth harmonic (see e.g., the expression for ρ at the top of page 138).


In this paper, we propose several regression asset pricing techniques. Applications in investment are studied and our methodologies yield superior results.


Vorinostat is a histone deacetylase inhibitor used in the treatment of recurrent or persistent cases of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL). A retrospective review of 116 patients from phase I and II clinical trials who had a baseline and at least one subsequent ECG revealed that four patients had Grade 2 and one patient had Grade 3 QTc interval prolongation; however, a MEDLINE search found no reported cases of torsades de pointes (TdP) in patients treated with vorinostat. We describe the case of a 49 year-old male with a history of CTCL actively undergoing treatment with vorinostat. During day 1 of hospitalization, he developed a pulseless polymorphic ventricular tachycardia requiring resuscitation. He was found to have a QTc of 826 ms. Following correction of potassium and magnesium, QTc gradually decreased and no further ventricular arrhythmia was noted. Other factors implicated in this case included concurrent sertraline and doxepin therapy (both drugs have been associated with the development of TdP in overdose). The mechanism of development of TdP in this patient is postulated to be related to vorinostat use in combination with hypokalemia and concomitant treatment with medications associated with QTc prolongation. This case highlights the importance of post-market surveillance.


A summary of cermet literature, especially that pertaining to microstructure, was made. Using 60 TiC-40 Ni as the test material, seven different test groups were formulated, comprising changes in original particle size, processing procedure, and controlled binder addition. Each test group was heated in seven different fashions. Each test batch so obtained was tested for physical properties and its microstructure was investigated. The microstructures were correlated with changes in physical properties. (auth)


Case Report Diffuse cavernous hemangioma of the rectum (DCHR) is a rare benign tumor of vascular origin. It affects mainly young adults. The clinical presentation is non-specific, therefore many patients are incorrectly diagnosed for several years. Imaging features may be helpful. CT can be predictive by showing phleboliths and MRI seems to be valuable and specific enough to make the diagnosis with certainty. We present a case of a 53-year old male patient with a history of recurrent and painless rectal bleeding evolving for 5 years who was finally diagnosed of diffuse cavernous hemangioma of the rectum.


Several earth-based gravitational-wave (GW) detectors are actively pursuing the quest for placing observational constraints on models that predict the behavior of a variety of astrophysical and cosmological sources. These sources span a wide gamut, ranging from hydrodynamic instabilities in neutron stars (such as $\mathrm{r}$-modes) to particle production in the early Universe. Signals from a subset of these sources are expected to appear in these detectors as stochastic GW backgrounds (SGWBs). The detection of these backgrounds will help us in characterizing their sources. Accounting for these backgrounds will also be required by some detectors, such as the proposed space-based detector LISA, so that they can detect other GW signals. Here, we formulate the problem of constructing a bank of search templates that discretely span the parameter space of a generic SGWB. We apply it to the specific case of a class of cosmological SGWBs, known as the broken power-law models. We derive how the template density varies in their three-dimensional parameter space and show that for the LIGO 4 km detector pair, with LIGO-I sensitivities, a few hundred templates will suffice to detect such a background while incurring a loss in signal-to-noise ratio of no more than 3%.


Abstract : This project develops phase locked loop (PLL) macros that use novel digital architectures to achieve a user configurable optimum balance between phase noise, frequency resolution, frequency switching time, and power consumption. The PLL macros are implemented in SiGe BiCMOS to take advantage of the good phase noise and power consumption attributes. The digital nature of the implementation facilitates easy porting to more aggressively scaled processes.


Satellite communication is a promising transmission technique to implement 5G and beyond networks. Attenuation due to rain begins at a frequency of 10 GHz in temperate regions. However, some research indicates that such attenuation effects start from 5–7 GHz, especially in tropical regions. Therefore, modeling rain attenuation is significant for propagating electromagnetic waves to achieve the required quality of service. In this survey, different slant link rain attenuation prediction models have been examined, classified, and analyzed, and various features like improvements, drawbacks, and particular aspects of these models have been tabulated. This survey provides various techniques for obtaining input data sets, including rain height, efficient trajectory length measurement techniques, and rainfall rate conversion procedures. No survey of the Earth–space link models for rain attenuation is available to the best of our knowledge. In this study, 23 rain attenuation models have been investigated. For easy readability and conciseness, the details of each model have not been included. The comparative analysis will assist in propagation modeling and planning the link budget of slant links.


The article describes the facilities of volunteering for students in social pedagogy and medicine during their professional training. Theoretical and methodological basis for developing students' reflective competence, facilities for modeling it and implementing it at university through volunteering are considered. Successful development of reflective competence of students is viewed through volunteering and based on mastering the ways of social and professional behavior and new social roles. It is implemented in uneven-aged groups and depends on conscious choice of contents, forms, methods and means of training at university. That is what constitutes the concept of the research. The aim of the study is to develop, substantiate and implement theoretical and conceptual grounds for developing reflective competence of students in pedagogy and medicine at university through volunteering. The research experimentally proved the important role of volunteering in developing reflective competence of future specialists at university. It showed the correlation of characteristics of educational space at university and facilities for transferring effective reflective practices to volunteering. The results of the research indicate that developing reflective competence of future specialists through volunteering is a long process which should be specially organized. The aim of improving student's reflective competence is personal and professional self-development. Based on the studied scientific literature, the authors revealed the characteristics of volunteering as a social and pedagogical phenomenon which had a positive influence on social and professional development of students.


In this paper finite state recognizers are considered as unary tree recognizers with unary operational symbols. We introduce translation recognizers of a tree recognizer, which are finite state recognizers whose operations are the elementary translations of the underlying algebra of the considered tree recognizer. In terms of translation recognizers we give general conditions under which a class of recognizable tree languages with a given property can be determined by a class of monoids determining the class of string languages having the same property.


Lack of training materials for Post Anaesthetic Care Unit (PACU) staff leads to the creation of a 'choose your own adventure' style VR training package, working collaboratively with the TEL team and incorporating quality improvement methodology prior to rollout. The development of this training package was initiated following the introduction of a theatre-specific induction programme, during which it was discovered that the learning opportunities for PACU staff were limited, particularly during the COVID-19 response.Therefore, the aim of creating this learning package was to make available more interactive learning opportunities for PACU staff, giving them the chance to develop their knowledge and skills in a safe environment, without the pressure of a live patient.Planning was completed in collaboration with a Theatre Practice Educator and Simulation and Human Factors Fellow. This was initiated with the use of a modified decision tree as shown in figure one. Following completion of this, the Technology-Enhanced Learning (TEL) Lead and clinical expert advice were sought to assist in the creation of high-quality content. Communication was then sent out seeking actors and location/dates for filming were planned. Appropriate consent was gained from all participants involved. Filming had to be planned around theatre utilization; therefore, it was necessary for this to take place on audit sessions dedicated to training of theatre staff. After the completion of filming, further collaboration with the TEL Lead was required to create the learning package. On completion of the package, it was shared with experienced members of PACU staff to test the quality and validity of the learning experience. At this point, a quality improvement approach was adopted with the use of PDSA (Plan-Do-Study-Act) cycles. Adopting this approach allowed adjustments to be made to the package before it was utilized on a larger scale.The learning package was implemented rapidly after completion. It was immediately included in the Theatre Induction Programme for every PACU member of staff and was also then available to be utilized on audit training sessions for existing PACU staff. This learning package was a creative approach, exploiting technology not yet harnessed within our speciality. Patient post-Anterior Repair brought into PACU with an LMA (Laryngeal Mask Airway) LMA expelled:
Laryngospasm – recognize – 02, Waters Circuit/PEEPVomit – positioning – suction – anti-emeticsPV PAIN – check wound – analgesia (ineffective)Get help
Laryngospasm has broken with PEEPAuscultation and order chest x-rayMultimodal analgesia – add patient PV pack band


In the article 'Expression profiles of glutathione S-transferase superfamily in Spodoptera litura tolerated to sublethal doses of chlorpyrifos' by N. Zhang et al. (Insect Science, 23, 675–687, DOI 10.1111/1744-7917.12202), the affiliation was incorrectly given. The correct affiliation is Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China. The authors apologize for this error.


Increasing computational power in the last decade has led to a breakthrough in the understanding of nonlinear dynamic systems. Deterministic chaos, a distinct mode of behavior qualitatively different from linear modes, can arise in systems with instabilities constrained by nonlinearities.

This article overviews this new field. It is observed that deterministic chaos is associated with the presence of a basic instability, often associated with a negative loop with high-gain and significant delay, that allows small random fluctuations to be amplified and eventually dominate the behavior of the system.

The mathematical tools of qualitative analysis of nonlinear systems are applied to familiar models of urban dynamics. Spatial disaggregation in an urban migration model is shown to yield a route to chaos through period-doubling. Alternative routes to chaos are discussed. Examples from the natural and social sciences are used to demonstrate the applicability of the tools and the ubiquity of such complex nonlinear dynamic phenomena.


Despite the obvious intersections between the studies of interpersonal and mass communication, an unnecessary separation exists between those two closely related (sub)disciplines. Two avenues of connection between these areas of study are the concepts of gap bridging, and application of visual analysis to conversation analysis. James Guardino has proposed the effects of messages as the core essence of communication, but a step further back from the message should be incorporated, which is the impetus for the message: what other writers have referred to as "the gap." A generic model of communication is based on an earlier model of multi-image communication and B. Dervin's gap theory. To truly understand successful communicatings, scholars must study both the conditions of the gap and the exchange of interaction which attempts to bridge it. The terminology of "window," "frame," and "mirror" from the field of mass communication can be used to study interpersonal interactions. Using five m Ijor visual media of painting, photography, cinema, video, and multi-image as subjects for analysis of the relationships between spatial depiction and viewer engagement, the "window" orientation focuses on content, while the frame imagery renders a flatter sense of visual space. The use of various scenarios of gap theory and the conceptualizations allowed through the "window/border/mirror" metaphors are a means to bring both groups of communication scholars closer together. (Contains 4 figures, 3 notes, and 35 references.) (RS) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EARS are the best that can be made from the original document. *. ********************************************w************************** 00 er) U S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office oi EduCational Research and Improver-richt C1 EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) /This document has been reproduced as (2) received from the person or organization f-r-1 originating it 0 Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality Points of view or opinioos stated in this document do riot necessarly represent official OERI position or policy PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY 6uAkk TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) Gaps and Serpents; Windows, Borders, and Mirrors: Merging of Analytical Tools from Mass and Interpersonal CoMmunication Ken Burke Associate Professor Department of Dramatic Arts and Communication Mills College Oakland, California A Presentation to the Panel: "Intersections: Integrating Interpersonal and Mass Communication" Central States Communication Association Indianapolis, Indiana, April 22, 1995.


Management of health using ubiquitous technology is anticipated to safeguard human life in Japan's aging society. Effective management prevents illnesses from reaching a severe state in many cases. Therefore, it attracts attention for its overall reduction of medical expenses. Both maintenance of an infrastructure and expansion of its contents must be addressed to realize a better society. Maintenance of an infrastructure and development of software for a health management system using agent technology are progressing simultaneously. As one example, an agent that monitors health by visually displaying the likely outcome of a diet is introduced herein.


The earliest evidence of music dates back 50,000 years to the Divje Babe cave in Slovenia.1 The "Neanderthal Flute," discovered by archeologists in 1995, was carved from the femur of a cave bear, and since its discovery, has been used to play classics such as Albinoni's Adagio in G Minor. It was found near a primitive hearth, and the specific purpose of the instrument is unknown. Did our extinct cousins, Homo neanderthalensis, use its tones for communication, entertainment, comfort—all of the above, none of the above? While impossible to know definitively, our primitive ancestors were unequivocally on to something. In the subsequent years, music has evolved and adapted for all of the above purposes as well as for use in psychology and medicine. A growing field of medical research involves music therapy (MT) and music listening, where music is used in the perioperative setting as well as in outpatient clinics and hospice care to help patients in a variety of ways, ranging from decreasing anxiety and pain to improving gait and motor function. This low-cost, easy-to-implement intervention has shown promising results and is a viable nonpharmacologic alternative to anxiolytics and analgesics. Here, we will describe the role of music in medicine through physiological benefits, MT and therapeutic music, live versus recorded music, and complementary alternative approaches, including biomusic and therapeutic clowns. THE PHYSIOLOGY OF MUSIC Archeological studies suggest that music may have predated formal language and that contemporary speech likely emerged from a "proto-language" made up of a combination of gestures and musicality.2 As Homo sapiens' brains adapted, the size of the visual cortex contracted, and an increased presence of the temporal lobe, of which the dorsal portion serves to facilitate the reception of speech, was observed. These structural changes led to an increased bandwidth for sound perception and increased connection to emotional structures of the brain. Further studies confirmed that the "right temporal and frontal cortices are the core neural substrates for adequate perception and processing of music" (Särkämö et al, 2013, p. 4413). The pathway of music signals in the brain is complex, and music activates a broad network, including temporal, frontal, parietal, cerebellar, and limbic regions. These areas are involved with language and sound processing, memory, attention, emotions, and motor function.3 The initial sound waves enter the outer ear, are transduced into an electrical signal in the cochlea, initially processed in the auditory brainstem, transmitted to the thalamus, and then projected to the auditory cortex, where the sound is further analyzed.3 Modern neuroscientific literature has shown that listening to music affects a complex set of neurobiological processing systems implicated in memory, cognition, emotion, and mood fluctuation, as well as physiologic changes.3,4 Studies measuring heart rate and heart rate variation show activation or suppression of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) in response to musical intervention (MI). As a result, music may be able to bring about relaxation through suppression of the ANS, resulting in decreased adrenergic activity and decreased nerve stimulation.5 Respiratory rate has also been shown to decrease with music.5 When recovering from a stress response, cortisol levels reduce more rapidly when subjects listen to calming music than when they recover in silence.6 In vegetative and minimally conscious individuals, increased electroencephalogram (EEG) power across multiple bandwidths (theta, alpha, and beta) provides From the *Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; and †Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Multispecialty Adult Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.


In this paper, a new radix-2 2-D decimation-in-time discrete Fourier transform algorithm is presented. This algorithm uses an approach employing vectorized data to reduce the structural overhead of the algorithm compared with the Cooley-Tukey radix-2 2-D algorithm. Computational complexity and run-time comparison of the algorithm are also provided.


The reform of the remuneration system is an important part of the reform of Chinese SOEs. We take the state-owned listed companies on the A-share main board of the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges from 2009 to 2018 as a sample, and find that the compensation contracts of state-owned listed companies are effective. Specifically, the sensitivity of the executive pay-performance of central SOEs is higher than local SOEs, and central SOEs are more likely than local SOEs to have a close positive correlation between equity concentration and the sensitivity of executive pay-performance. In short, our study provides new ideas for improving the compensation system of Chinese SOEs, promotes the differentiated reform of the ownership structure of SOEs at all levels in the future.


Background Recently, HIV-1 infection was shown to be efficiently inhibited in macrophages and T-cells treated with hemin that was added extracellularly 1,2. Hemin administration to humanized transgenic mice significantly reduced HIV-1 viral load 1. Suppression of HIV-1 by hemin was mediated through the induction of (HO-1)1, via a protein kinase C-dependent pathway2. The inhibitory effect of hemin could be reversed by protoporphyrin, an HO-1 inhibitor 2. Induction of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) by hemin was shown to inhibit HIV-1. We recently analyzed the role of HO-1 in protecting LPS-treated human macrophages against HIV-1 infection3. LPS-treated macrophages were negative for mature virions, expressed HO-1 and produced MIP1α, MIP1β and LD78β chemokines which led to a decreased CCR5 expression. Treatment with HO-1 inhibitor SnPP IX (tin protoporphyrin IX) increased HIV-1 replication and decreased secretion of MIP1α, MIP1β, and LD78β chemokines. HO-1 also affects several proteins involved in cell cycle progression, and cell cycle is critical for HIV-1 progression. Hypoxia leads to induction and stabilization of HIF-1α and is inhibitory to HIV-1 replication. NF-kB is important for basal and Tat-activated HIV-1 transcription. Here we analyzed factors involved in HIV-1 transcription affected by HO-1 expression. Results HIV-1 replication was reduced in THP1 cells treated with hemin. Subsequent treatment with hepcidin restored HIV-1 replication, suggesting that ferroportin plays a key role in the HIV-1 inhibition. Stable ferroportin knock down in THP1 cells led to the inability of hemin to inhibit HIV-1, again suggesting that ferroportin plays a key role in this process. In hemin-treated THP-1 cells, expression of p21, HIF-1α and IKBα mRNA was induced. The expression of IKBα, an inhibitor of NF-kB, reduced the level of p65 subunit of NF-kB. We obtained similar results in THP-1 cell treated with iron chelators, which also induced the expression of IKBα, HIF-1 and p21. THP-1 cells treated with hemin or iron chelators were arrested in G1 phase of cell cycle. Stable HIF-1a knockdown in promonocytic THP-1 cells increased HIV replication suggesting that HIF-1 might be a restriction factor for HIV-1. In contrast to iron chelators that inhibited enzymatic activity of CDK2 without affecting its protein level, hemin treatment reduced CDK2 expression at mRNA and protein levels. Conclusions Induction of HIF-1 regulatory pathway and iron export by ferroportin might protect hemin-treated THP-1 cells from HIV-1 infection. Additional molecular mechanisms of heme-mediated HIV-1 inhibition might also include NF-kB inhibition by IKBα and CDK2 inhibition leading to the inhibition of HIV-1 transcription. Our results point to novel therapeutics, such as the use of hemin and iron chelators, both of which are FDA approved for treatment for acute porphyries and iron overload. Acknowledgements This project was supported by NIH Research Grants 1SC1GM082325, 2G12RR003048, and P30HL107253. Literature 1. Devadas K, Dhawan S. Hemin activation ameliorates HIV-1 infection via heme oxygenase-1 induction. J Immunol. 2006;176(7):4252-4257. 2. Devadas K, Hewlett IK, Dhawan S. Lipopolysaccharide suppresses HIV-1 replication in human monocytes by protein kinase C-dependent heme oxygenase-1 induction. J Leukoc Biol. 2010;87(5):915-924. 3. Zhou ZH, Kumari N, Nekhai S, et al. Heme oxygenase-1 induction alters chemokine regulation and ameliorates human immunodeficiency virus-type-1 infection in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2013;435(3):373-377. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


The article presents the regional competence formation experience as a component of personal spiritual culture. Studying the humanities in college provides great opportunities for using regional material in the Russian language and literature classes, contributes to spiritual values of homeland culture.


In this paper,the cooperative Coded Partial(CPR) Retransmission scheme based on link adaptive technique is proposed.Utilizing the link state information at the relay node,the optimized-modulation and code mode of relay node is chosen.The simulated results show that Bit Error Rate(BER) performance of the proposed system is improved without sacrificing the system throughput.The BER of the proposed scheme has about 4.5 dB gains compared with that of the direct transmission at throughput of 0.19,Moreover,the proposed scheme obtains about 2 dB compared with the non-adaptive scheme at BER of 10-3.


Unlike the traditional advertising practices, in the process of Real time bidding (RTB), the impressions of a mobile application or a website are mapped to a particular advertiser through a real time auction, which triggers after an application is launched. As one of the key components of the RTB ecosystem, demand side platform (DSP) furnishes the advertisers a full pledge window to bid for available impressions. Due to fast growing market of mobile applications and websites, the selection of the most pertinent target audience to a particular advertiser, is not a simple human mediated process. Therefore, we propose an Auto Pricing Strategy (APS) approach to determine the applications to bid for and their respective bid prices from the advertisement agency perspective. We applied the APS on a real RTB bidding data and demonstrated how it outperforms the existing RTB approaches with a higher conversion rate for the same target spend.


The Tohoku earthquake on 11 March 2011 is a megathrust event on the subducting plate boundary. Several pulses can be seen in the strong motion records of this earthquake. It is important to determinate their sources using the subduction zone structure. In our previous study, strong motion records by K-NET and KiK-net were used and integrated to long-period (10 ˜ 100 s) and short-period (0.01 ˜ 10 s) velocity waveforms using causal filtering, and we identified three main long- and short-period pulses, respectively. We located the pulse sources using arrival times of their initial motions. In our analysis, we used the 3-D velocity structure of the JIVSM model (Koketsu e t a l ., 2008). The pulse sources were located by using a nonlinear, probabilistic earthquake location method called NonLinLoc (Lomax e t a l ., 2000), in which a solution is represented by probabilistic density function and includes location uncertainties. The result showed that the long-period pulse sources were consistent with the results of the strong motion inversions by Koketsu e t a l . (2011) and Yokota e t a l . (2011), and that short-period pulse sources were consistent with strong motion generation areas by the empirical Green's function method (e.g., Asano and Iwata, 2012). Long- and short-period pulse sources were located to the up-dip and down-dip regions, respectively. In this study, we picked the arrival times of the maximum amplitude of the second long-period pulse using a zero-phase filter, and located its source by the same method. Combined with the result of the initial motions, this study indicates that the slip related to the second long-period pulse occurred somewhat in the east of the epicenter about 56 s after from the origin time and expanded not seaward but landward. We plan to perform the same analysis of earthquakes of various magnitudes in the mainshock source region in order to check the validity of our analysis, and make detailed discussions. Acknowledgement: We would like to thank NIED (K-NET, KiK-net) for strong motion records and JMA for arrival time data of the JMA unified hypocenter catalog.


This paper proposes a method to enhance sentiment classification by utilizing the Pollyanna phenomena. The Pollyanna phenomena describe the human tendency to use positive words more frequently than negative words. This word-level linguistic bias can be demonstrated to be strong and universal in many languages. We perform detailed analyses of the Pollyanna phenomena in four Chinese corpora. Quantitative analyses show that for documents with few positive words, the word usages in documents from either the positive or the negative polarities become similar. Qualitative analyses indicate t hat this increase of similarity of word usage could be caused by the concentration of topics. By taking advantage of these results, we propose a partitioning strategy for sentiment classification and significantly improve the F1-score.


The invention discloses low-melting-point low-expansion-coefficient optical glass applied to surface modification and a preparation method of the optical glass. The method comprises the steps of mixing following ingredients by weight percent according to oxides: 68 to 72 percent of Bi2O3, 14 to 15 percent of B2O3, 8 to 12 percent of BaO, 1.5 to 2 percent of SiO2, 1 to 1.8 percent of MgO, 0 to 1 percent of TiO2, 0.1 to 0.2 percent of CuO and 0 to 2.4 percent of Li2O; mixing powder, preheating, adding materials, depositing, pouring, and annealing; and preparing low-melting-point low-expansion-coefficient bismuth oxide system optical glass, wherein the heat expansion coefficient of the optical glass at the temperature of 30 to 300 DEG C is 107.46*10 /DEG C to 118.66*10 , the softening point is 500 to 535 DEG C, a wetting angle with a silicon carbide aluminum-based composite material is 100 to 118 degrees, and the composite temperature is 550 to 580 DEG C.


A method for determination of V,Cr,Fe,Ni,Cu,Zn,Mo Co,Pb,etc in different crude oils was established by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry assisted with organic solvent microwave digestion.The oil sample was digested by microwave using HNO3-H2O2 as oxidant after dispersing in organic solvent(CH2Cl2).The results showed that the detection limits of the method reached ng/L level for sixteen elements.The linear correlation of the method was preferable with the correlation coefficient of better than 0.9995.The recoveries of the method were in the range of 92%~110% with the precision of less than 5.0%RSD(n=3).The ratios of w(Ni)/w(V) and w(Fe)/w(V) were distinct in different crude oil samples from oversea and domestic,and the index can be used to the cluster analysis for differencing the crude oil samples.


The utility model provides a door and window, and belongs to the field of decoration. The door and window comprise a window frame, hollow shutter glass and a controller. A first rotating shaft and a second rotating shaft are arranged on the top of the window frame, the first rotating shaft is provided with at least two first guide wheels, and the second rotating shaft is provided with at least two second guide wheels. The hollow glass is provided with two layers of parallel tempered glass, the window frame is arranged around the two layers of tempered glass, a Venetian blind and a clump weight are arranged between the two layers of tempered glass, and the clump weight is arranged at the bottom of the Venetian blind. A fixed rope and an overturning rope are arranged on the two sides of the Venetian blind respectively. The two sides of the Venetian blind are respectively provided with a lifting rope. The controller is provided with a first motor, a second motor, a first button and a second button. The first motor and the second motor are arranged inside the window frame, and the first button and the second button are arranged on the outer side of the window frame. The door and window with the hollow shutter glass are simpler in structure, lower in manufacturing cost, free of a complex transmission structure and convenient to control.


To develop cultivation technique for Acipenser ruthenus and secure basic taxonomic materials, this study examined egg development and larva morphological development. This study used a couple of male and female broodstork matured in a PVC circle water tank (Ø 5 m) with the water temperature of 16.0 ± 1.0ºC in June 2005. They were oval opaque and sinking cohesive eggs and the sizes of them were between 3.83 ~ 3.85 (3.84 ± 0.01) mm (n = 10). As for the egg development, the dry process was adopted with artificial insemination in this study, and an hour after the insemination, the embryo disks were developed, 31 hours after the insemination, they reached the end of gastrula stage, and 82 hours (50%) after the insemination, they were hatched. Right after the hatch, the total lengths of larvae were 10.1 ~ 10.3 (10.2 ± 0.11) mm (n = 10) with big yolks in the venter. 17 days after the hatch, the total lengths of them were 26.2 ~ 32.4 (29.3 ± 4.39) mm (n = 10) and in the front of a dorsal fin there were 11 scute scales that started to make tracing development. As 50 days after the hatch, the total lengths were 86.4 ~ 93.1 (89.8 ± 4.71) mm (n = 10), and fin rays all reached integer, they were moved to the larva apparatus.


Abstract : The results of a review of liver biopsy tissue from 220 Chinese jaundiced individuals on Taiwan showed that the three most common diseases were viral hepatitis, postnecrotic cirrhosis, and hepatocarcinoma. The results of transaminase tests are given for 42 apparently well individuals. Biopsy examinations were performed on 40 of these. A total of 29 of the biopsy group were selected from a population of 1,399 individuals for further study based on the results of serum transaminase tests. All those with SGPT values over 40 units had some form of liver disease. Viral hepatitis was the most common diagnosis. Hepatitis was chronic on initial study or became so during the study period (six months) in almost half of the cases. (Author)


The preparation and ethanolysis of 3-methylcholesteryl derivatives is described. It was noticed that Δ5-3-methyl-3-oxygenated steroids undergo hydrogenolysis, which can be suppressed by addition of sodium nitrite.


A new parametrization of piecewise quadratic functions is presented, aimed for convex optimization of Lyapunov functions. The parametrization ensures continuity of the functions, but is also flexible enough to approximate any continuous function with arbitrary accuracy. A converse Lyapunov theorem is given, stating that all exponentially stable systems of a certain class will in principle admit a piecewise quadratic Lyapunov function, to be found by the given optimization procedure.


When considering the long transition process caused by large equipment inertia, the economic benefit of enterprise can be efficiently improved by the production scheduling, which is the core of continuous process.A maximum profit production scheduling model include transition process was proposed aiming at the typical material switching process, which adapted continuous time method based on the character of transition process.The problem of material switching was translated into travel sale problem after analyzing the model, which could be solved using the Lingo software under two step strategies.At last, the validity of the proposed model was validated through an oil refinery scheduling example.


The foundation of corruption is personal gain, tangible or intangible, by illegal or amoral, unethical or unfair means, at the expense of others. Transparency International, the world's most influential anti-corruption non-governmental organization (NGO), and the leaders of many
Western governments have observed that there is a high correlation between corruption and low economic development (Peng, 2008, p. 70). Is this true? The paper uses a simple
corruption-development model and recent Transparency International data to test this hypothesis and its causality for 15 countries and areas in Asia and 20 developed countries evolving during two periods, 2001 and 2008. The direction and intensity of corruption causality
are then established, and anti-corruption and pro-economic development policy recommended to governmental and NGO decision-makers in order to help minimize the incidence of corruption. It is aimed therefore at promoting better government and corporate governance to enhance economic
growth and social harmony in the developing countries of Asia.


This study was conducted to investigate the threshold levels for tastes of sweet, sour, salty and bitter among younger adults in Klang Valley using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Additionally, the study was designed to provide information about tolerance of sour taste in 30 female and 28 male undergraduate students of Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM). Participants were presented with 1cm gelatin samples flavoured with four tastants of increasing intensities. Results showed, higher taste threshold level across all four tastants as compared to the taste threshold in the West, 0.010M. Mean value for sweet taste was 0.0053M compared to taste thresholds in the West, 0.010M. Mean value for sour taste was 0.033M compared to the taste thresholds in the West, 0.023M. Besides, mean value for salty taste was 0.017M compared to taste thresholds in the West, 0.010M. Bitter taste also shows higher taste threshold concentration 2 x 10 MM compared to taste thresholds in the West, 8 X 10 M. Data analysis for the sour taste tolerance presented with significant differences between male and female (statistic test F value (2.626) = p<0.05). However, a comparison of the sour taste threshold between race shows no significant differences (statistic test F value (2,55) = 2.329, p>0.05). There is evidence that the sour bolus improves swallowing by triggering the pharyngeal muscle. Therefore, this study maybe beneficial as an introduction and reference for further investigation of taste and the crucial role it plays in the physiology of swallowing. However, further research is recommended to evaluate the reliability of the date.


Hyperbole abounds in A la recherche du temps perdu, to the extent that it seems to be the rule of linguistic production rather than the exception. Whether Proust's narrator is comparing an episode from his childhood to a world-historical event, or is transported by emotions that seem to exceed their provocations, and led to employ a superabundant number of images or quantity of discourse, the generative principle of the narrative seems to be one of excess in one form or another. From the cup of tea that opens onto the whole of Combray, to the uneven paving stones that provoke in the narrator an indifference to death, even involuntary memory takes the form of a projection and a traversal of boundaries; perhaps it even takes the form of an exaggerated claim. Hyperbole, from hyper, "over" and bollein, "to throw," is defined by the Rhetorica ad Herennium as "a manner of speech exaggerating the


The library of colleges and universities is a document and information center of the school, is a academic institution of teaching and scientific research and is students' second class. It should make a contribution to deepened reform of education. A collection of teachers' works and lectures can service the students directly, which is both helpful the students self-teaching and full use teachers' achievement and helpful the construction of library collection and enhancement the function of the service.


Objective.  To elucidate the association between treatment with ergot‐derived dopamine agonists (EDDA) and valvular abnormalities amongst patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (IPD) and secondly, to analyse the yield of clinical screening for valvular heart disease.


This exploratory study investigated the viability of using the social media and mobile phone (GSM) as public relations social marketing tool in the campaign against open defecation in South-East Nigeria. It argues that the greater percentage of the public could be reached with the campaign if approached through the social media networks and GSM such as the Facebook, mobile telephone, etc., than the traditional media of newspapers, radio and television that have not yielded much in the envisaged awareness and attitudinal change results. From a survey sample of 385 respondents drawn from three sampled states of Enugu, Anambra and Abia, using the simple random, convenience and purposive sampling techniques, the results suggest, among others, that the social media and the GSM could be more efficacious in prosecuting the campaign against open defecation given the fast growing social media literacy and GSM use among the population especially the youths. It recommends that given the increasing number of the segment of the society especially the youths that use the Social Media and GSM the South-East governments could conduct basic or pilot study so as to leverage on this accessibility aspect of the media for a more effective campaign to end open defecation in South-East Nigeria.


Twenty-two papers arising from the Comprehensive Biodiversity Survey of Bukit Timah Nature Reserve (BTNR), Singapore (2014–2018) have provided a thorough update and expansion of information on many groups of flora and fauna. In spite of the small size and isolation of BTNR there is still remarkable diversity, and new records and new species continue to accumulate. A large body of information on the terrestrial and aquatic physical environment is now available, providing a context for many of the biological results. Various management recommendations emerge.


diagnosed with borderline personality disorder (BPD). In Linehan's original controlled trial DBT was shown to be effective in reducing selfinjurious behavior and inpatient psychiatric days in women diagnosed with BPD. More recently the use of DBT has been expanded to populations with additional diagnoses and in additional settings. In clinical studies, DBT has been shown to: be effective in reducing drug dependence and opioid use, 6 5


The nucleation mechanism of aluminum nitride films grown by the method ofhydride vapor phase epitaxy on hybrid substrates 3C-SiC/Si(111) istheoretically analyzed. The temperature regions and vapor pressure regionsof components are determined in which the island growth mechanism and thelayer-by-layer growth mechanism are realized. The theoretical conclusionsare compared with the experimental data. The morphology of aluminum nitridefilm on 3C-SiC/Si(111) at the initial growth stage is investigated by themethod of scanning electron microscopy. The methods of controlling thechange of the growth mechanism from the island growth to the layer-by-layergrowth are proposed. Keywords: aluminium nitride, gallium nitride, silicon carbide on silicon, method HVPE, nucleation, wide-bandgap semiconductors, heterostructures.\


The weight of a shaped charge carrier is predetermined as a buoyancy control parameter for perforating guns. Each charge carrier comprises a co-axial assembly of inner and outer carrier units. Both carrier units may be fabricated from low density metals or composite materials comprising high strength fibers in a polymer matrix. The outer carrier wall thickness may be a weight control parameter. Shaped charge units having no independent casement are formed into Sockets within a light-weight inner carrier unit. Alterna tively, the shaped charge units may be formed within light weight material cases and seated within Sockets in the light-weight inner carrier unit. Materials and dimensions are selected to substantially achieve the desired carrier buoy ancy in the specific well fluid whereby a perforating gun assembled from a plurality of the carriers may be substan tially floated into a completion position and allowed to settle along the floor or ceiling of the wellbore as predetermined by the perforation direction.


ilhelm Conrad Röntgen was a 50 year old professor at the University of Wurzburg in 1895. Expelled from school for refusing to name a fellow student who drew a caricature of a teacher, he had entered academic life by taking an entrance examination to the Zurich Polytechnic School. He became assistant to the Professor of Physics there, Augustus Kundt (best known for his resonant tube experiment from school physics), and went with Kundt to Wurzburg. Kundt tried to get Röntgen an academic post there but failed. Röntgen then took a series of posts at Strasbourg, Hohenheim, back to Strasbourg (now as Professor of Theoretical Physics), Giessen University and then, in 1888, back to Wurzburg. W


OBJECTIVES
To compare two ridge preservation techniques and spontaneous healing in terms of soft tissue thickness, contour changes and soft tissue handling two months after tooth extraction.

METHODS
Thirty-six patients were included with buccal bone plate dehiscences of up to 50% after single-tooth extraction in the esthetic zone. They were randomly assigned to receive one of three procedures: a deproteinized bovine bone mineral with 10% collagen (DBBM-C) covered with a collagen matrix (DBBM-C/CM), DBBM-C alone or spontaneous healing (SH). Two months later, the status of soft tissue healing was assessed, and the thickness of the mucosa was measured at the center of the site. Thereafter, implants were placed and the need for further guided bone regeneration (GBR) to cover exposed implant surfaces assessed.

RESULTS
Thirty-six patients were evaluated at the day of implant placement. An invagination of the soft tissues was recorded in 41.7% (n=12), 53.8% (n=13) and 90.9% (n=11) of the sites in groups DBBM-C/CM, DBBM-C and SH respectively. The median thickness of the mucosa measured 3.0mm in group DBBM-C/CM, 2.1mm in group DBBM-C and 1.5mm in the SH group. Additional GBR was necessary in 66.7% (n=12), 53.8% (n=13) and 90.9% (n=11) of the sites in groups DBBM-C/CM, DBBM-C and SH respectively.

CONCLUSIONS
The present explorative study revealed slight tendencies for more favorable soft tissue conditions with less invaginations as well as increased soft tissue volume and thickness in groups having received an alveolar ridge preservation procedure compared to spontaneously healed sites at 8 weeks of healing.


In this paper, the COD Cr index is used as the detection item, and the wastewater from the secondary clarifier of a sewage treatment plant is treated by "Fenton oxidation-neutralization-coagulation sedimentation" method. The results showed that the removal rate of COD Cr reached 73.4% by "Fenton oxidation-neutralization-coagulation precipitation" method. It can be seen that this method can make the wastewater discharge up to the standard and provide data support for better treatment of industrial wastewater in engineering. Keywords Secondary sedimentation tank; CODCr; Fenton oxidation; Up-to-standard emissions DOI : 10.7176/JEES/9-7-01 Publication date :July 31 st 2019