PURPOSE: An apparatus for injecting a liquid resin is provided to uniformly spray the liquid resin on the surface of a substrate and to improve the quality of the liquid resin by hardening the liquid resin twice by cleaning the substrate when the liquid resin is a UV curable resin. CONSTITUTION: An apparatus for injecting a liquid resin comprises: a table(10) which is movably arranged on the upper side of a base frame(2) and in which a substrate(14) is placed; a cylinder unit(20) which is movably installed on the base frame and in which the liquid resin(100) is stored; a distribution unit(40) which is arranged on the lower side of the cylinder unit and evenly distributes the liquid resin on the surface of the substrate; and a movable unit(120) which moves the table in every direction when the liquid resin is injected on the substrate.


This paper presents the Kicktionary, an electronic multilingual (English, German, French) lexical resource of the language of football.1 The Kick tionary was constructed predominantly on the basis of frame semantic principles, and is therefore perhaps best described as a multilingual, domain-specific FrameNet.2 However, the objectives of the Kicktionary project are in many ways more restricted than those of the Berkeley FrameNet project. My primary goal was (and remains) to produce a lexi cal resource usable by humans for purposes of understanding, translating or otherwise paraphrasing texts in the domain of football. In contrast to much work currently being carried out by FrameNet and by related projects, the Kicktionary does thus not claim to make contributions to fields like machine translation, question answering or other sub-areas of natural language processing or artificial intelligence. By restricting the scope of research to computer-assisted lexicography for human users, I want to ofler some answers to the following questions:


ENY-1000, a 10-page illustrated fact sheet by S. McCann, J. D. Ellis, and M. K. O'Malley, is a general overview of insects, their importance, and their biology. It is designed as a supplemental elementary school curriculum for Grades 1-3, although it can apply to older or younger children as well. Published by the UF Department of Entomology and Nematology, December 2008.
ENY-1000/IN758: Insects, Oh Yes!: An Introduction (ufl.edu)


Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics,inducing risk factors,diagnosis,treatment and preventive measures of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis(CVST).Methods A retrospective review was concluded based on the clinical data of pregnant women and parturients(n = 22) who suffered from CVST from Jan.2000 to Jun.2010 in this Hospital.Results Twenty - two patients underwent digital subtraction arteriography(DSA),leading to a final diagnosis.The most common thrombosis site was superior sagittal sinus.Neuroimaging findings showed parenchymal focal infarction and cerebaral venous and sinus occlusions.Headache was the first common and major clinical manifestation(90.9%),On examination CSF,pressure increased remarkably,with WBC and protein normal or increased slightly.Dehydration,lumbar punctures,anticoagulation,thrombolysis and etiologic treatment were adopted.Of 22 patients,including 8 pregnant women and 14 puerperants.The patients received anticoagulant or thrombolysis therapy,after which 12 fully recovered,9 left behind functional disturbance and one died.Conclusions Whenever the pregnant women or puerperants developed neurological symptoms and signs,the clinicians should think of CVST.DSA is the golden standard for the diagnosis of CVST.Accurate diagnosis and prompt treatment can provide a good outcome of pregnancy and can prevent long - term complications.Therapeutic principle is comprehensive treatment.Anticoagulant therapy or endovascular thrombolysis is safe and effective therapy.Preventive measures are very important.


The growth of high‐quality stoichiometric indium phosphide by atmospheric pressure metal–organic chemical vapor deposition within thin‐film artificial opals has been optimized. The optical properties of these systems have been studied as a function of the filling fraction. A consistent behavior has been found which substantially differs from that of other common infilled opals. The evolution of the InP morphology seems to be strongly correlated with this anomalous photonic response. At the first infiltration stages, the growth leads to the formation of nanocrystallites that eventually, as the infiltration increases, coalesce in single‐crystalline grains of increasing size. The possibility to oxidize the material adds to its potential as a useful optical material.


Dr Dubik has disclosed no financial relationship relevant to this commentary. This commentary does not contain a discussion of an unapproved/investigative use of a commercial product/device.

Back in the day I considered myself an audiophile. I had a wonderful stereo and enjoyed listening to elite systems. The very best recordings I have experienced were played on turntables – not cell phones and certainly not through cheap ear buds. These older formats, such as 33 1/3 RPM records …


Background : The derivative is an important concept in mathematics and therefore understanding the derivative concept play an essential role. However, it has been found that s tudents' understanding of derivative is still below expectation. The reason is that they cannot explain parts that has not been understood. They has just stated that they forgot or did not understand without any detail explanation. This shows that the provided explanation which is given by students does not support the cognitive process. To overcome this situation, we need to understand how the cognitive processes that lead to such understanding. One simple tool that allows for this purpose is the theory of commognition. Objectives : This study aims to describe how the field-independent students understand the derivative concept viewed from the perspective of commognition theory. Design : This type of research is descriptive with a qualitative approach. Setting and Participants : Three participants were selected from 41 students of an undergraduate mathematics education program in a state university through a cognitive style test. Data collection and analysis : Task-based interviews and a focused group discussion were used for data collection. Results : The analysis results show that not all commognitive were arising during the students' understanding process. The Keywords Subject arise in the use objective phase. Writing symbols, mentioning symbols and showing symbols with hand movements are all as the visual mediators.


18001 Background: Bcl-2 inhibits apoptosis, confers resistance to chemotherapy in many cancers, is often over-expressed in advanced melanoma, and is a prime candidate for pro-apoptotic targeted therapy. Recent studies by the EORTC and others show that lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is a powerful prognostic determinant in advanced melanoma patients (pts). The chief treatment effect of oblimersen (Obl) + dacarbazine (DTIC) was obtained from the largest cohort of normal LDH pts studied to date; detailed efficacy and safety data are reported.

METHODS
Previously untreated pts (N = 771) were randomized to receive DTIC 1000 mg/m2 IV Q 3W alone or preceded by Obl (7 mg/kg/d × 5D). Pts were stratified pre-randomization by performance status, liver metastases, and visceral metastases and/or elevated LDH. Serum LDH was ≤ the cutoff of 1.1 × upper limit of normal in 508 pts. Treatment group characteristics were well matched.

RESULTS
Combining Obl and DTIC significantly increased all efficacy outcomes in pts with baseline (BL) nonelevated (NE) LDH, including overall survival (median 11.4 vs 9.7 mo; P = .018), progression-free survival (3.1 vs. 1.6 mo; P = .0007), objective response (17.2% vs 9.3%; P = .009), complete response (3.4% vs 0.8%; P = .041), and durable response ≥6 mo (9.6% vs 4.0%; P = .014). In contrast, there were no significant differences in outcomes for pts with elevated BL LDH (n = 252). BL LDH was the only stratification variable significantly associated with a treatment interaction effect. Compared with the entire study population, pts with NE LDH in both groups had a lower incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) with an outcome of death, serious TEAEs, and discontinuations due to TEAEs.

CONCLUSIONS
With extended follow-up, this large trial confirms that serum LDH (prospectively stratified pre-randomization) is probably the most important prognostic factor in advanced melanoma. Given the demonstrable lack of benefit and high potential to yield misleading evidence regarding therapeutic activity, pts with elevated LDH should probably be excluded from trials of new therapies until establishing efficacy in pts with nonelevated LDH. No significant financial relationships to disclose.


The 7th Zhongguancun IT Festival will be held from September 8 to 12 at the main-venue—Beijing Haidian Exhibition Center and sub-venues—Diaoxianghu International Convention Center, Haidian Park, Shangri-la International Corference Center.


Plasma copolymerization is utilized to fabricate thin photonic films based on hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO, C6H18Si2O) and octafluorocyclobutane (OFCB, C4F8). The structure of the plasma copolymerized films is examined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and the optical properties including refractive index, n, and extinction coefficient, k, are determined by spectroscopic ellipsometry. The refractive indices, which range from 1.38 to 1.54, can be manipulated by adjusting the volume ratio of the two monomers, HMDSO and OFCB, during the polymerization. A nonlinear relationship between the refractive index and extinction coefficient with comonomer feed ratio is observed. A strong initial increase in both n and k as the amount of HMDSO is increased is attributed to significant defluorination of the resultant polymer films coupled with the formation of a C-C rich crosslinked network. Once the network incorporates substantial amounts of Si-C and Si-O bonds, the refractive index starts to decrease slowly due to a lowering of the density. XPS and FTIR results confirm the changes in internal structure consistent with this mechanism.


Long ago, Cheryll Glotfelty defined ecocriticism as "the study of the relationship between literature and the physical environment" (xviii). Ecocriticism, she wrote, emphasizes "relationships between things . . . between human culture and the physical world" (xx). In recent years, Glen Love has promoted a more practical ecocriticism, which he describes as "a discourse that aims to test its ideas against the workings of physical reality" (7). Today, this faith in the physical world continues to fuel ecocritical scholarship, inspiring the same old song: we need a more empirical methodology, a new interdisciplinary approach. As a result, ecocritics often retreat into the refuge of science, a discipline that digs down to the bedrock, embraces the natural facts, and promises the catharsis of contact. In this article, I'd like to suggest that an empirical methodology has long been within reach of literary critics. We don't need to walk across campus to find it. It often lives right at home in our English departments, holed up in an archive, or secluded in a basement office. It goes by many names—textual editing, book history, bibliography, textual criticism—and it conducts some practical fieldwork of its own, collecting data, checking facts, and going to the source of literary production. This article has two parts. First, from a theoretical standpoint, I consider the relationship between ecocriticism and textual criticism. In the process, I expand on Michael Branch's article "Saving All the Pieces" (2001), and his edition of early American nature writing, Reading the Roots (2004), both of which encourage ecocritics to recognize the value of textual


: To maintain the body on its metabolic activities, including catabolic and anabolic processes, it needs tools. Insulin, thyroid–stimulating hormone (TSH), growth hormone (GH) and other hormones are considered the tools that contribute to regulate metabolism in living organism. The studies that interest in that scope and applied on ruminants are too scarce, therefore the current research has studied the effect of levels of dietary protein and probiotic additives (live Saccharomyces cerevisiae more than 3.0×10 13 CFU and bacillus subtilis more than 4.0 ×10 9 CFU) on serum insulin, TSH and growth hormones concentrations in Awassi lambs. In this study 16 lambs were divided to into four groups. In the first group lambs were fed concentrate (12% crude protein, CP) without probiotics, in the second group lambs were fed the same diet plus 1 kg/ton of probiotic, in the third group lambs were fed concentrate diet (14% CP) without probiotics, and in the fourth one lambs were fed the same diet plus 1 kg/ton probiotic. Wheat straw was offered to all lambs adlibitum. The main results have shown that increasing CP level from 12 to 14% decreased (P<0.01) serum insulin concentration from 10.52 to 7.29, without affecting serum concentrations of both TSH and GH. Addition of probiotic had no effect on serum concentrations of all hormones. Regarding the interaction effect between level of dietary CP and addition of probiotic, results revealed that higher serum insulin concentration (P<0.05) was associated with blood samples collected from lambs fed 12% CP without probiotic. Higher (P<0.01) serum TSH concentrations detected in blood samples collected from lambs fed 12% CP without probiotic and 14% CP with addition of probiotic. In conclusion, only insulin levels were significantly affected by increasing CP levels, but interaction with addition of probiotic affected both insulin and TSH levels.


Structural changes in Polish agriculture are necessary. First of all, the scale is expected to increase and, hence, input efficiency. The aim of the research is to determine whether the concentration of resources and production in Polish agriculture is taking place and what is the direction. Data from two general agricultural censuses conducted by the Central Statistical Office in 2010 and 2020 were used. It was determined what main directions of changes were observed in Polish agriculture, as well as whether there is γ-convergence in terms of land resources and the production volume in area groups of farms. For each of the analyzed variables, the importance of farms with an area of more than 20 ha increased. In 2020, they accounted for 11% of the total number of farms. They owned 56% of land and were responsible for 60% of plant production and 70% of livestock production. The share of this group increased by 7 p.p. in land use, but in the sown area (except for cereals), it was an increase of 15 p.p., and in livestock production even up to 20 p.p. For the area groups of farms, a significant γ-type divergence in the use of agricultural land and in the production of cereals, potatoes and field vegetables was confirmed. In animal production, the γ-divergence was only observed in the production of sows and poultry. For other species, there has been a concentration of production, but the ranking of farm groups has not changed. In Poland, in the decade between the agricultural censuses (2010-2020), there was a significant, favorable concentration of agricultural production on farms with a larger area. These changes, however, may be too slow for a significant transformation of Polish agriculture and an increase in its competitiveness in the EU in upcoming decades. The strong fragmentation and low economic strength of farms are still the main limitations.


Due the development of the renewable energy installations, the equipment for these systems has known substantial progress. Such equipment must meet a number of conditions both on power safety as well on the quality of energy supplied. As is recognized in literature, the power quality is given by frequency, voltage, harmonic pollution, source-consumer, interdependence, interdependence-source system (smart grid). Power converters DC/DC, DC/AC are the reference equipment in a renewable energy system and because of quickly evolution of the power electronic, allowing these to be increasingly complex. The paper present a monitoring/diagnosis system for an inverter, using an artificial neural network. The training data for artificial neural network are obtained through EMTP simulation of different cases of failure in switching system.


Three-dimensional displacement of the human spinal cord has recently been measured in relation to the cardiac cycle, substantiating that cord motion itself is a likely cause of reduced sensitivity and specificity in functional magnetic resonance imaging of the spinal cord (spinal fMRI). However, given the ubiquitous and complex nature of this motion, cardiac-gating is not expected to sufficiently remove these errors, while on the other extreme, previous attempts to model the noise are prone to eliminating function-related data along with the components of motion-related noise.


An application scheme based on the teaching of human anatomy and physiology, namely, PBL, is proposed. In particular, 95 medical students were randomly divided into two groups: classes 2 and 3 were the experimental classes (48 students), and then, the teaching practice was carried out according to the machine learning route; year 1 and class 4 were the control classes (47 students), and the traditional teaching method was used. The teaching effectiveness was evaluated by performance analysis, the mean score of the overall evaluation of the experimental class was (93.23 ± 2.01), the mean score of the control group was (91.51 ± 2.89), and the difference was statistically significant (

 p
 <
 0.01

 ). The survey showed that more than 93% of the students in the experimental class thought that the deep learning model helped stimulate their interest in learning, enhance their sense of teamwork, and improve their overall ability.


In this paper, we propose Offset Counter Weighted round Robin (OCWRR) algorithm which is a resource allocation algorithm in medium access control (MAC) layer of wireless ATM (WATM) and analyze the performance of the proposed algorithm. In this proposed OCWRR algorithm, the loss of real-time traffic sources is reduced by resource allocation considering the delay characteristics of cells. And the system's complexity is also reduces by managing the tolerable delay of cells based on the unit of frame. In addition, the fairness among the traffics of the system is guaranteed by use of offset counter (OC). OC represents the value of the difference between the weight and the amount of allocated resource and is used to limit the amount of resource which will be allocated to each connection. The analysis of the performance shows that the total loss of cells is reduced in the proposed algorithm compared to the conventional algorithm and the fairness is still maintained.


Oxygen inhalation is the most common therapeutic method in clinic, but the disinfection and sterilization of the existing device of oxygen inhalation--oxygen inhalator and water used for the oxygen inhalator are still a hard problem; in addition the humidification effect is not good, the noise is high, and the daily disinfection of the humidification bottle and the addition and displacement works of the water are complicated. The device of the invention--disposable aseptic oxygen humidifier comprises a disposable humidification bottle (6) filled with water for cleaning, a bottle mouth inner cap (3) provided with an oxygen inlet and outlet (4, 5), an oxygen guide pipe (7), a specially designed bubble controller (9) capable of adjusting the size of oxygen bubbles and reducing the noise, a special and sealed rubber plug (2) used for sealing and connecting a flowmeter (1), a seal outer cap and the like. Before used, the product of the invention is sterilized and sealed to be clean and aseptic; when the humidifier is used, the bottle cap is opened, the humidifier is connected with the flowmeter to ensure that the humidifier can be conveniently used; during humidification process, smalloxygen bubbles can be generated by adjusting the bubble controller, the total contact area of numerous small oxygen bubbles (8) and water is far larger than that of bigger bubbles with the same totalvolume and water, the humidification effect is increased, and the noise generated by bubbles is obviously reduced.


Birmingham, England - Uncomplicated hemangiomas that clear well with a pulsed dye laser (PDL) are probably limited to superficial lesions that would have resolved without treatment, according to Kapila Batta, M.D.


BACKGROUND
To assess whether the presence of grade 3 placenta <36 weeks of pregnancy is associated with adverse perinatal outcomes.

METHODS
Retrospective cohort study in which patients were separated into the following three groups: I. grade 3 placenta <36 weeks, II. grade 3 placenta >36 weeks, III. no occurrence of grade 3 placenta throughout pregnancy. The chi-square and general linear model tests were used to compare adverse perinatal outcomes. Binary logistic regression model was used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) for adverse perinatal outcomes. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine the cutoff of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) pulsatility index (PI) in the detection of births <37 weeks in grade 3 placentas <36 weeks.

RESULTS
Significant association was observed between grade 3 placenta <36 weeks and birth <37 weeks (p < 0.001), birth weight <10th percentile (p = 0.001), 5-min Apgar score <7 (p = 0.014), admission to neonatal intensive care unit (p < 0.001), and fetal death (p = 0.002). Grade 3 placenta <36 weeks was significant predictor for birth <37 weeks (OR: 2.6; 95% CI 1.74-3.92), pre-eclampsia (OR: 1.8; 95% CI 1.02-3.27), birth weight <10th percentile (OR: 2.1; 95% CI 1.39-3.10), fetal death (OR: 5.6; 95% CI 1.65-18.78), and composite perinatal outcomes (OR: 2.2; 95% CI 1.51-3.17). The MCA PI showed an area under ROC curve of 0.641 (95% CI 0.546-0.728) in the detection of births <37 weeks.

CONCLUSIONS
Grade 3 placenta <36 weeks was associated with a higher prevalence of adverse perinatal outcomes.


A diode and a method of making an organic light emitting diode (OLED) emitting light downward are described. The OLED comprises a microcavity formed between a cathode and an anode and having a plurality of organic layers including a light emitting layer. The method is characterized on the one hand, in that the organic layers comprise at least one layer of an organic material doped to provide less resistance to transport of electrons; at least one layer of an organic material doped to provide less resistance to transport of holes; and secondly, in that the thicknesses of the organic layers can thereby be adjusted independently from their electrical characteristics in order to obtain optimum optical adjustment of said microcavity for the wavelength to be output from the layer emitting light.


The autolytic changes of iced stored banded snakehead (Channa striata) (Bloch, 1793) was assessed through evaluation of the changes in protein solubility, textural attributes and proteolytic enzyme over 18 days storage period. Study revealed that myofibrillar protein decreased in a significant manner while amount of denatured protein increased throughout the entire study. Total collagen content muscle was stable up to 7th day of incubation and a decrease in this variable was observed. A decrease in acid soluble and insoluble collagen fractions were observed throughout the study, while a small increase in the pepsin soluble collagen till 7th day of incubation was decreased thereafter. Collagenolytic and enzymes activity reaches the maximum level within 3rd day of incubation and are directly involved in the postmortem collagen degradation. An increase in free and decrease in bound lysosomal enzyme activity indicated the instability of lysosomal membrane.


In this paper we introduce the notion of a bilateral contraction that combine
 the ideas of Ciric type contraction and Caristi type contraction with a
 help of simulation functions. We investigate the existence of a fixed point
 of such contractions in the framework of complete metric spaces. We present
 an example to clarify the statement of the given result.


This paper presents an investigation of the influence of nitrogen addition on the thermoelectric conversion performance of diamond-like carbon (DLC) films on glass substrates using RF plasma chemical vapor deposition. The respective thermoelectric conversion performances and Hall effect of the DLC films were evaluated and compared as a function of Nitrogen concentration. And film composition and atomic bond structure were characterized using Raman spectroscopy and XPS. At temperature of 473.2K, absolute value of Seebeck coefficients of the DLC films decreased concomitantly with increasing nitrogen concentration at 0—4.0at.%. However, the Seebeck coefficients of 4.0—8.1at.% were almost identical. At temperature at 298.2K, the Seebeck coefficients of 0—8.1at.% were almost identical regardless of the concentration of nitrogen. At temperature of 298.2K, specific resistance of the DLC films decreased concomitantly with increasing nitrogen concentration at 0—4.0at.%. However, the specific resistance of 4.0—8.1at.% was almost identical. The power factor of the DLC films increased concomitantly with increasing nitrogen concentration below the temperature of 398.2K. Hall effect measurements revealed that the difference by nitrogen concentration of Seebeck coefficient and specific resistance are expressed as a function of the carrier density and the carrier mobility respectively. Considering the results of Raman spectroscopy and XPS revealed that the sp3 bond in the DLC film increases with increasing nitrogen concentration. Thus, it was suggested that the electrical properties and semiconductor properties of DLC films depend on the sp2/sp3 fraction in the films.


This paper presents the data structure of linear qu adtree coding for geographic data based on M coding. With the data structure, t he author researches displacement, transform, reduction, magnification, seeking, dynamic resolving power, transformation of address, etc. for linear quadtree c oding of geographic data. Meanwhile, with the C programming language, the autho r also discusses various algorithms of data structure for achieving linear quadt ree coding based on M coding of geographic data. The algorithms are suitable fo r compressing storage of quadtree coding data for geographic data, and various logical operation of image. By using the methods, lots of store units are econ omized, and computing speed of graphics or images is quickened greatly. The app roaches mentioned above provide a new kind of research means for compressing cod ing technology of computer graphics.


Objective To research the risk assessment method of welder's pneumoconiosis caused by welding fume exposure, predict the incidence of welder's pneumoconiosis, and provide technical basis for occupational risk management. Method Welders of a large-scale agricultural machinery processing workshop were chosen as objectives. The incidence of welder's pneumoconiosis was predicted by logistic non-linear regression model using the concentrations of the welding fume that the welders exposed to and their exposure durations. Furthermore, the relationship between the incidence probability of welder's pneumoconiosis and exposure situation was found by using logistic regression model, and the incidence probability distribution was evaluated by Monte-Carlo simulation. Results It was found that if these welders exposed to the welding fume of the current concentration for 5 or 10 years, the risk of welder's pneumoconiosis would be between 10 and 10, and for 20 or 30 years, it would be between 10 and 10. Assuming that they exposed to welding fume of this concentration for 30 years, the risk would exceed the acceptable risk level and measures should be taken. Conclusion In this study, a practical quantitative approach was proposed to assess the risk of welder's pneumoconiosis caused by welding fume exposure. Based on the results, it showed that as the risk management target, the concentration and exposure duration should be well controlled to reduce the risk of welder's pneumoconiosis. This method could be applied in evaluations of occupational disease hazard in construction projects and help to control and manage the risk of welder's pneumoconiosis.


The different of homebuying factors has induce the real estate developers to offer more attractive residential property to meet the needs and requirement of homebuyers. In this study of research, the focus as identified the financial homebuying factors that could influence on homebuyer's purchase decision amid Covid-19 pandemic in Pasir Gudang, Malaysia. This research intends to collect data through questionnaire. The result had been composed and analyses the feedback and opinion from the residents who are the house owners in Pasir Gudang area. The data will be used to analyze the correlation between demographic characteristics and financial homebuying factors. Most of the demographic characteristics, except Gender and Family Size, have significant influence on financial attributes when it comes to house purchase decision amid period of Covid-19 pandemic. © 2022 American Institute of Physics Inc.. All rights reserved.


Radiation shielding is one of the most crucial features of enclosure materials in spacecraft. The attenuation of electron radiation in hybrid materials, which consist mainly of carbon-fiberreinforced plastics (CFRP), can be improved by laminating thin tungsten foils between the CFRP layers. In this paper, we study tensile behavior of thin foils to understand the plastic deformation of pure tungsten (W) foils and sintered tungsten heavy alloy (WHA) foils. The performed tests are simulated using the finite element (FE) method. Full 3-D FE models of tungsten and CFRP hybrids are generated to study the non-linearity response of different tungsten material models.


Immunization is a government program that aims to improve public health. The infant mortality rate in Indonesia is still very high. It is estimated that 1.7 million children or 5% of under-five deaths in Indonesia are due to diseases that can be prevented by immunization/PD3I. The quality of immunization services that are less than optimal will certainly waste the resources that have been spent, such as operational costs, vaccines, logistics, manpower, and time. Even the most concerning for all of us is the failure of immunization will threaten the occurrence of morbidity, disability, or death in children. This study aims to examine the relationship between basic immunization services and infant mother satisfaction at the Deleng Pokhisen Health Center in Southeast Aceh District in 2018.This type of research is a descriptive corelative study that explores how and why health phenomena occur with a cross sectional approach. The population is mothers who have babies aged 0-12 months. The sampling technique in this study was simple random sampling with a total of 64 people. The data analysis technique uses the chi square statistical test . The results obtained in this study are that there is a relationship between basic immunization services (tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, four) with the satisfaction of the baby's mother. there is a relationship between basic immunization services and infant mother satisfaction at the Deleng Pokhisen Health Center in Southeast Aceh District. Suggestions for Deleng Pokhisen Care, Southeast Aceh District, to maintain and maintain the quality of basic immunization services so that they continue to bring their babies back for immunization.


This paper is one of the first studies that outlines and deals with differences and similarities arising in polycentric border-crossing agglomerations in knowledge-based economies. We examine the multi-country border-crossing polycentric agglomeration in the Lake Constance-Alpine Rhine Valley region, comprised of Liechtenstein and parts of Austria, Germany and Switzerland. We specifically try to identify factors influencing the residential choice within a polycentric border-crossing agglomeration in a knowledge-based economy. Although the results and outcomes are limited to the case-study region, the implications could be tested in other polycentric border-crossing agglomerations characterised by knowledge-based economies across the globe. The most important factors for residential choice are proximity to family and friends, safety, career opportunities and a high standard of living.


Performances of Peace, the topic of this volume, has been dealt with in the previous chapters with regard to the period of the Treaty of Utrecht itself. In this contribution, I will deal with the way this peace was commemorated 300 years later. The tercentennial, of which the conference 'Performances of Peace' was also a part, gave rise to debates both on its historical meaning and the political message for today. The tension between past and present in the celebration will be a major element of this article. A comparison with the jubilee of the other major peace treaty in early modern history, Westphalia, is easily made.1 In the previous chapter, Jane O. Newman deals with the tercentennial of the Peace of Westphalia in both France and Germany in the immediate post-war context.2 In 1998, half a century later, 350 years of Westphalia was commemorated in the two peace cities of Münster and Osnabrück, as well as in the Netherlands. For the celebration of the Treaty of Utrecht, Westphalia 1998 served as a source of inspiration, but was not followed as an example. A major difference was the relative obscurity of 1713 among a wider audience, whereas 1648 had been widely known for a long time. The challenge of commemorating an unknown event is one of the topics in this article. I participated in both the Westphalia and Utrecht commemorations, so, in a way, it will a personal account of the commemoration projects. The international exhibition 'Peace Was Made Here' is the central element. This exhibition was organized by museums in four cities that hosted negotiations leading to treaties in the framework of the Treaty of Utrecht: Utrecht, Madrid, Rastatt and Baden. Like Westphalia 1998, the peace cities of the past were the commemoration venues of today. I will analyse the concept of this exhibition (based on academic research), its organization and its tercentennial context.


Background: MMP-1 is an enzyme that requires metal binding for activity. Results: Two mutations in residues involved in metal binding render the enzyme regulatable by calcium. Conclusion: The mutant MMP-1 protein is unstable and loses activity in low calcium. Significance: The conditional activity of MMP-1 as a function of calcium may be an effective treatment for fibrotic diseases. Conditionally active proteins regulated by a physiological parameter represent a potential new class of protein therapeutics. By systematically creating point mutations in the catalytic and linker domains of human MMP-1, we generated a protein library amenable to physiological parameter-based screening. Mutants screened for temperature-sensitive activity had mutations clustered at or near amino acids critical for metal binding. One mutant, GVSK (Gly159 to Val, Ser208 to Lys), contains mutations in regions of the catalytic domain involved in calcium and zinc binding. The in vitro activity of GVSK at 37 °C in high Ca2+ (10 mm) was comparable with MMP-1 (wild type), but in low Ca2+ (1 mm), there was an over 10-fold loss in activity despite having similar kinetic parameters. Activity decreased over 50% within 15 min and correlated with the degradation of the activated protein, suggesting that GVSK was unstable in low Ca2+. Varying the concentration of Zn2+ had no effect on GVSK activity in vitro. As compared with MMP-1, GVSK degraded soluble collagen I at the high but not the low Ca2+ concentration. In vivo, MMP-1 and GVSK degraded collagen I when perfused in Zucker rat ventral skin and formed higher molecular weight complexes with α2-macroglobulin, an inhibitor of MMPs. In vitro and in vivo complex formation and subsequent enzyme inactivation occurred faster with GVSK, especially at the low Ca2+ concentration. These data suggest that the activity of the human MMP-1 mutant GVSK can be regulated by Ca2+ both in vitro and in vivo and may represent a novel approach to engineering matrix-remodeling enzymes for therapeutic applications.


The standard weighing raingauges have a capacity limit in measuring the amounts of precipitation. Exceptions are those using a siphon to drain the collected water during observations. To reduce the drain time of the siphon type or to overcome the hassles associated with the manual emptying of the bucket for measuring, the most of weighing gauges use a large bucket for storing of rainwater to be measured. To avoid the above-mentioned adverse requirements, we propose a paired barrel for a weighing raingauge. The paired barrel may improve the accuracy of the weighing raingauges by getting rid of their capacity limit and make the gauges smaller in size and lighter in weight than the conventional ones. We showed its proper function and the feasibility of realization by testing a prototype paired barrel.


Since 2010′s,Beijing is still frequently affected by external dust.This paper used the air quality online monitoring data of the urban station,northwest,western and eastern sites of Beijing city,combined with meteorological data and observed data of laser radar,analyzed the effect of dust weather on air quality in Spring in Beijing.The results implies that: Beijing is affected by external dust weather in Spring of 2010 for 15 times.The transport of outside dust affect Beijing for 21 days,among which Air Pollutant Index were beyond the standard for 15 days.The API of the severest case reached 500,the maximum of the index.The significant impact of dust storms on air quality in Beijing has been found,which is determined by the dust waether conditions and the transport path.For the type of low pressure center after the high pressure,air quality is the worst and the transmitted route of dust is from northwest to southeast.The effects of the type of low-pressure bottom is similar with that of low pressure center while the effect is weaker.In addition,the dust return could directly induce that air quality is beyond the API standard.


This article traces the concept of "policy coherence" in new debates over development policy space, explores the codification of coherence through International Monetary Fund World Bank World Trade Organization cooperation and recent bi- and multilateral trade agreements, and critiques the abuse of this concept. Today, coherence is code for "policy conformance." The task is not to remove coherence from the lexicon of development policy but instead to rescue it in pursuit of expanded space for heterogeneous, autonomous paths to development.


The research that the scholars both home and abroad have made on translation focuses on language competence,cultural competence,transfer competence,etc.But their research seldom covers the psychological factor of the translator.While translation is a dynamic and complicated process,and many questions cannot be explained until they are observed and studied from the point of view of psychology.Psychological factors often affect translator's understanding and expression_,i.e.the quality of the translation.Therefore the law and characteristics of internal mental mechanism and psychological activity of the translator should be fully considered.Based on it the psychological effect on translation is explored and the correlation between them is illustrated in order that the better translator is trained and better translation is produced.


The annual cycle of surface-based inversions at nine Arctic weather stations is examined, based on a 20-year set of daily 1200 UT significant level radiosonde data. All stations are at or near the coast. Inversions in winter months are primarily the result of strongly negative net radiation at the surface, whereas in summer, inversions more commonly result from near-surface cooling of warm air masses. Inversion frequency is at a maximum in winter (generally >70% of days) when inversions range from {approximately}400 to {approximately}850 m in thickness. Inversion thickness and strength (temperature change across the inversion) are strongly related to surface temperature. Inversions may involve temperature changes of >30{degrees}C in 6{degrees}C 100 m{sup {minus}1} during periods of extreme warm air advection aloft. Midwinter inversions commonly persist for 2-4 days, but may remain undisturbed for several weeks, affecting lower tropospheric chemistry. 9 refs., 11 figs., 5 tabs.


[Abstract] Alternaria brassicicola is a necrotrophic fungus that causes black spot disease of most plants in the Brassicaceae, including cultivated Brassica species and weedy Arabidopsis species. Since the concept of transformation constructs of linear minimal elements was developed (Cho et al., 2006), we have produced over 200 strains of loss-of-function mutants with an aid of selectable marker genes. Pathogenicity assays are a time-consuming step in screening pathogenesis-associated genes among targeted gene mutants. Here we describe a method for pathogenesis assays of A. brassicicola. Using this method, we have discovered pathogenesis-associated genes and were able to further characterize the functions of selected gene (Cho et al., 2013; Cho et al., 2012; Srivastava et al., 2012).


Insulation deterioration and over-voltage are the causes of leading to power devices insulation malfunction. Pollution flashovers are not only threatening the power transmission distribution devices' performance, but also they may lead to a blackout in a large area which can be very serious. And pollution and damp are the basic conditions, which would make pollution flashovers happen to power devices. Analysis of experimentation results shows that the organic antipollution coating RTV, which has a good hydrophobia and hydrophobia transfer property, can improve the power devices' surface resistance and withstanding flashovers performance greatly. And RTV can last longer, have better adaptability and cheaper, which make using RTV have certain advantage over other solutions which have been used to prevent pollution flashovers.


: The health care industry in India is one of the largest economic and fastest growing professions. The study focuses on demographic background, stress among private healthcare provider, whether the socio-economic variables have impact on job stress among private health care provider. The primary data was collected from about 335 private healthcare providers through non-disguised and close-ended questionnaire. The statistical tools such as percentage analysis, factor analysis and analysis of variance have been utilized to analyze the data. It is found that there are significant differences between all the six socio-economic variables and high expectations (Factor-1). Significant differences are existed between socio-economic variables excluding bed facility and poor interpersonal relations (Factor-2). In the case of lack of recognition (Factor-3) significant differences are found with socio-economic variables excluding potential to improve practice. As for as poor climate (Factor-4) is concerned, significant differences are observed with potential to improve practice and cost factor.


The main problems of the organization medical treatment for patients with thyroid pathology in North-Western Region of Russia were performed. Some ways of the solution of these problems were shown. The experience of organization and work of the special North-Western Regional Endocrinological Center was described. Insufficiency of availability of special medical services for patients, especially who live in remote districts, may be eliminated by using mobile diagnostic plants and building diagnostic branches in small towns. The problem of the dissociation of health care system may be solved by creating diagnostic-andtreatment complex in the network of one medical institution. The lack of the complex approach to cure of this category of patients should be settled by organization of the integrated clinics, where endocrine surgeons and endocrinologist could work together.


The Sydney Soil Model is formulated within the framework of Critical State Soil Mechanics. In the proposed model, the behaviour of a soil is divided into two parts, that at a reference state and that attributed to the influence of soil structure. The reference state behaviour is formulated according to soil properties at the critical state of deformation based on the concept of plastic volumetric hardening. The influence of soil structure is introduced by formulating the variation of the additional voids ratio, associated with soil structure, for any general stress or strain path. The proposed model is employed to simulate the behaviour of a natural sensitive clay and a dense sand under conventional undrained triaxial tests. It is shown that the model can provide good simulations for the behaviour of structured soils. For the covering abstract see ITRD E128041.


This work presents results regarding electromagnetic shielding structures. The simulations were performed by using the finite difference time domain method, in which a sub-cellular formulation has been implemented for modeling thin steel walls. The implementation was validated via comparison of the obtained results to those available in the literature. Then, several geometries were tested, including apertures on the structures and the space between double shielding walls. Finally, a complete high-voltage laboratory was simulated (by analyzing the shielding efficiency).


The mechanical response and damage mechanism of a 3D multi-structured knitted composite under quasi-tensile loadings are investigated based on experimental results. The multi-structured knitted composite consists of two knitted fabrics with weft double-faced interlock knitted fabric as core material and biaxial warp-knitted fabric as surface layer in the above-mentioned composite system, respectively. The tensile stress against strain curve is obtained to analyze the mechanical behavior. Furthermore, the failure mechanisms of 3D multi-structured knitted composite are discussed from the experimental observations by the initiation and propagation of damaged zone in knitted composites.


This article is founded on participant observation in the classroom. The focus is on the pupils perspective and especially on the structuring of space. Referring to conceptions concerning the sociology of space (Low 2001), spatial conditions are not (only) considered as cause but also as the effect of action. Visual, acoustic and haptic types of space are examined. In the case of visual space, the most important conditions lie in the seating arrangements and the participants' view. In the dimension of acoustics, the control of the volume of one's own voice is considered to be the most important factor, while in haptic spaces it is the mobilization of objects and bodies. In general, the analysis indicates that in classrooms various actions take place simultaneously in different and sometimes independent spaces. The article suggests that research on lessons and pupil behaviour should be extended by a differentiated analysis of spatial conditions in the classroom.


Using first-principles density functional theory calculations, we investigate a family of stable two-dimensional crystals with chemical formula $A_2B_2$, where $A$ and $B$ belong to groups IV and V, respectively ($A$ = C, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb; $B$ = N, P, As, Sb, Bi). Two structural symmetries of hexagonal lattices $P\bar{6}m2$ and $P\bar{3}m1$ are shown to be dynamically stable, named as $\alpha$- and $\beta$-phases correspondingly. Both phases have similar cohesive energies, and the $\alpha$-phase is found to be energetically favorable for structures except CP, CAs, CSb and CBi, for which the $\beta$-phase is favored. The effects of spin-orbit coupling and Hartree-Fock corrections to exchange-correlation are included to elucidate the electronic structures. All structures are semiconductors except CBi and PbN, which have metallic character. SiBi, GeBi and SnBi have direct band gaps, whereas the remaining semiconductor structures have indirect band gaps. All structures have quartic dispersion in their valence bands, some of which make the valence band maximum and resemble a Mexican hat shape. SnAs and PbAs have purely quartic valence band edges, i.e. $E{\sim}{-}\alpha k^4$, a property reported for the first time. The predicted materials are candidates for a variety of applications. Owing to their wide band gaps, CP, SiN, SiP, SiAs, GeN, GeP can find their applications in optoelectronics. The relative band positions qualify a number of the structures as suitable for water splitting, where CN and SiAs are favorable at all pH values. Structures with quartic band edges are expected to be efficient for thermoelectric applications.


The invention an anodizing method capable of improving the performance of a titanium dioxide based dye sensitized solar cell. The method comprises the following steps of: diluting a 15-20wt% titanium trichloride solution with distilled water, evenly stirring, sealing and placing into a constant-temperature drying tank for preheating, taking out and cooling, placing a titanium dioxide anode to be treated into water-glass, pouring into the titanium trichloride solution subjected to preheating and cooling, preserving the temperature for a period of time, taking out and drying, calcining and cooling to obtain the dye sensitized solar cell anode with remarkably-improved photoelectric performance. The method disclosed by the invention is simple and easy to operate and has low danger, wide applicability, low cost and a remarkable effect. By adopting the method, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the dye sensitized solar cell can be improved by 5-25 percent, and the short-circuited current is increased by 5-30 percent. The TiCl3 anodizing method disclosed by the invention can be applicable to a titanium dioxide based dye sensitized solar cell anode synthesized by titanium sulfate and also applicable to a titanium dioxide-based cell anode synthesized by butyl titanate, titanium trichloride, and the like.


The quality of the signal transmission over the low voltage powerline is strongly polluted by the omnipresent noise, heavily jammed due to a variety of loads and unpredictable effects on signal propagation. For this reason, effective signal processing of such kind of signal presents difficulties. This paper aims to find out an effective method to deal with this problem. Wavelet transform, a linear time frequency analysis method, has good characters in both the time and the frequency localization and can give a self adjusting time frequency window. However, When dealing with high frequency signal, it has the drawbacks of low frequency domain resolution. On the other hand, Wavelet packet transform can provide a more accurate analysis. Since it has perfect performances in frequency localization, especially to high frequency signal, one can focalize himself on any details of a given signal and get good result. Application of the proposed scheme to the signal measured from the real low voltage powerline communication system shows the effectiveness of the proposed method.


Increasing concern towards environment has forced the manufacturing firms to adopt and manage green supply chain practice (GSCP) in their business processes. The purpose of this paper is to explore the critical factors for managing GSCP in small and medium enterprises (SMEs), and establish contextual relationship among them. A list of 29 constructs influencing the management of GSCP was identified through extensive literature review and discussion with a panel of experts. A questionnaire based survey was conducted on 162 SMEs. Applying factor analysis, constructs were summarised into eight critical factors. Interpretive structural modelling (ISM) methodology was deployed to develop a structural model of these factors. Matrices' Impacts Cruises-Multiplication Applique a un Casement (MICMAC) analysis was done to classify the factors into different groups based on their driving and dependence power. Government regulation and support, organisational resources and capabilities, and top management commitment are vital for the SMEs in managing GSCP.


The purpose of this paper is to propose a numerical algorithm for the problem of coefficient identification of the scalar wave equation based on a local observation on the boundary: De- termine the unknown coefficient function with the knowledge of simultaneous Dirichlet and Neumann boundary values on a part of boundary. To find the unknown coefficient function, the unknown Neumann boundary value is also identified. We recast our inverse problem to a variational problem. The gradient method is applied to find the minimizing functions. We confirm the effectiveness of our algorithm by numerical experiments.


There are few late antiquity authors who pay more attention than Evagrius to dreams. For him, visions and dreams are not a way to prophesy the future or to keep in contact with the dead. They are basically a way to know oneself and the state of one's own spiritual life. After contextualizing the theories on dreams in the most significant authors of that period, I discuss the place that visions and dreams occupied in the Evagrian corpus, describing their mechanisms as a complex operation between passions, memory and the influence of demons.


Abstract This investigation discusses the innovative activities of Knowledge-Intensive Business Services (KIBS) in the developmental process. To improve understanding of KIBS, the study aims to understand empirically the functions and mechanisms of knowledge intermediaries in different organizations and developmental processes, and also explores knowledge exchange and factors affecting KIBS. This study performs an empirical analysis of KIBS based on a recent manufacturer survey and emphasizes the connections among KIBS, innovation and forms of knowledge. The research results indicate the following conclusions: (1) Taiwanese KIBS enterprises tend to exchange knowledge with clients through mixed and codified knowledge; (2) firms that rely mainly on the exchange of codified knowledge have improved connections with clients, technologies, research innovation and application of advanced technologies; (3) enterprises mainly exchange mixed knowledge, and focus on knowledge management and information sources required during innovation processes, and (4) fewer enterprises exchange knowledge through tacit knowledge. The research implication is that enterprises emphasize different factors based on different types of knowledge exchange and services.


The Chinese medicine skin therapy has been widely used in clinic and has a good result. Over the past ten years relevant literatures are collected and arranged. The author sums up two common types of Chinese medicine skin therapy. They are skin drug therapy and non-drug therapy. The author thinks about the problems in its application in order to better use it in clinic.


This article aims to verify the determinants of the use of technological innovation in hospital environments. For this, a descriptive research with quantitative method was performed. The data collection instrument consists of 43 questions grouped into the following factors: compatibility, result demonstration, experimentation, ease of use, image, relative advantage, visibility, voluntary use and outcome of use, with Likert type answer statements of 5 points. Data were collected from healthcare professionals using electronic medical records. 132 valid questionnaires were obtained. For analysis we used the statistical technique of multiple linear regression. The main results indicate that the compatibility of the technology with previous knowledge of the user, the possibility of trying the technology before its effective use and the visibility are determinants or motivators of the use of the electronic medical record. The results suggest a reflection on investments in user education and training as a way to minimize the resistance generated from the introduction of new technologies.


Objective To evaluate the value of procalcitonin (PCT) in guiding the therapy for acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). Methods 52 patients with AECOPD were randomized into PCT group, who received antibiotic treatment according to the serum level of PCT, and standard-therapy group, who received antibiotic treatment according to the clinical symptoms. The length of antibiotic exposure, clinical recovery rate, length of hospitalization, and death and exacerbation rates were recorded. Results The length of antibiotic exposure in PCT group was 7-10 days, while that in standard-therapy group was more than 2 weeks (P 0.05). There was a significant difference of the length of hospitalization between the two groups (P 0.05). Conclusions Procalcitonin guidance for AECOPD can reduce the dose of antibiotic drugs and the length of hospitalization.


In this paper, we propose a method to predict next-one-day-purchase behavior of "Online to Offline"(O2O) itemsbased on huge scale of user behavior log. The overall solution isdescribed in 2 parts: the feature engineering of the user behaviorlog and the ensemble of different supervised learning models. Inthe feature engineering section, besides the basic features, wefurther analyze the behavior of mobile users and propose somespecial features in O2O scenarios. Those scenarios includes thegroup-based rank, the transition rate, the centralized proportion, re-buy patterns, geohash-related features and etc. which haveimproved the model a lot in practice. Besides, group-based rankcould be easily extended to other similar business scenarios. Next, model ensemble are tuned in 2 ways: 1) blended models that aretrained randomly sampled data to enrich the diversity of thetraining data to boost the performance, 2) training individualmodel for different patterns of user-item pair, like the next-daypurchaseprediction, re-buy patterns and etc. Finally, a blendedof the above models are used to build the prediction result. Toevaluate the proposed method, we use the data provided byAli Mobile Recommendation Competition held in 2015 whichconsisted of the behavior logs of items from mobile users in onemonth from Nov. 18, 2014 to Dec.18, 2014, and predict purchasebehavior of O2O items in Dec.19, 2014. The result is evaluatedunder F1 prediction score metric and it achieve a good scoreas 8.64% that ranks 4th over more than 7,000 teams in the competition.


Marketing types of capitalism have different characteristics from each other. Animation effects all social stratums due to the children of the main target audience and from this aspect as considered unbearable between marketing types.


Mono- or multi-layer piezoelectric actuator which is operated by a voltage applied to each layer of piezoceramic actuator voltage and which is operated with at least one of the layers at the same time as a sensor for metrological detection of forces or deformations of the piezoelectric ceramic caused by the actuator voltage, wherein the sensor layer / s a signal voltage source is connected in addition to the applied actuator voltage, the (U (U


It is shown that the basic model of the exhaustion theory of transient creep(2-4) is unable to account for certain observed phenomena. Several more complex models are proposed and studied.


The need to maintain sustainable development throughout the country determines is the important part of rapid and effective response from the regional authorities. This reaction should not only be to internal factors, but also to external ones. Therefore, in modern conditions the importance of accountability and evaluation of the implementation of programs for socio-economic development of the region is increasing, which raises the question of strengthening the role of monitoring socio-economic development, which is a powerful tool for strategic planning, through which you can influence the trends in the socio-economic sphere of the region. The above determines the relevance and necessity of developing and approving a unified and optimal methodology for organizing the monitoring of socio-economic development.


Objective: Endometrial cancer is the second most frequent neoplasm in women with Lynch syndrome (LS). We sought to assess whether analyzing women with endometrial cancer would identify families with LS not identified with current clinical criteria. Methods: We included women diagnosed with endometrial cancer younger than 50 years and also older if they had a family cancer history associated with LS. In blood samples obtained, we analyzed mutations in mismatch repair (MMR) genes, as well as protein expression by immunohistochemistry and microsatellite instability (MSI) in tumour tissue. Results: A total of 103 patients were enrolled. We detected 14 pathogenic mutations and 4 genetic variants of unknown clinical significance in MMR genes. We found MSI in 41.66% of the women with a pathogenic mutation. In this group, 76.92% showed loss of at least one MMR protein. Women with mutations were younger at diagnosis, but all of them had a family history compatible with LS. Conclusions: Analysis of the MMR genes, in particular MSH6, seems to be appropriate in women with endometrial cancer and a family history of tumours associated with LS.


We report on the first example of a transition metal-catalyzed cyclization reaction of a Fischer carbene complex. It comprises the generation of vinyl- and divinyl cyclopentadienes under exceedingly mild conditions at 20 °C by condensation of (1-amino-1,3-butadien-2-yl)carbene complexes (= cross-conjugated metallahexatrienes) (CO)5MC(OEt)C(CHNR2)CR1CHR23 (M = Cr, W) with alkynes R3C≡CH 4 (R3 = Ph, cyclohex-1-enyl, isopropenyl, methoxymethyl, 1-trimethylsiloxycyclohex-1-yl) in the presence of catalytic amounts of [(COD)RhCl]2. The starting compounds 3 are accessible in high yields by addition of enamines (E)-R2NCHCHR22 to (1-alkynyl)carbene complexes (CO)5MC(OEt)C≡CR11 (M = Cr, W; R1 = Ph, cyclohex-1-enyl).


Magnetization patterns recorded on Co thin films prepared by oblique incidence vacuum deposition were directly observed by electron holography. Complicated ellipse-like interference fringes were observed along the sawtooth-like walls in the transition regions. Stray magnetic flux was observed in empty space beyond the edge of the film. The following results were obtained from analysis of these interference images. The smaller the product of the remanence and the film thickness, and the higher the coercivity, the narrower is the transition length that determines the limit of the recording density of a medium. It was confirmed that longitudinal magnetic recording of a density of up to 170 kBPI is attainable using Co film 30 nm thick and with coercivity of 112 kA/m. It was quantitatively proven that the intensity of the recorded magnetization in a medium is equal to its remanence when the magnetized area is distinguishable from the transition region.


Received 19 June 2007 Accepted 20 June 2007 Our planet is in a never-ending natural state of flux, with perhaps the life-sustaining hydrologic system being the prime example. This system displays a seasonal rhythm, year-to-year variations, and slower changes at time scales of decades, centuries, and even longer periods. Since the dawn of civilization, humans have contributed to and influenced this natural flux. During early human settlement and the beginning of agriculture, impacts were minimal, local, and scattered, mainly in the form of rudimentary field-scale irrigation and limited water withdrawals for human consumption. Over time, as population increased and societies and technologies evolved, humans began to impact hydrology, land use, and microclimate at the watershed, basin, and regional scale. For example, during the time of Greek civilization and the Roman Empire, large portions of the Mediterranean basin were irreversibly deforested for fuel and construction material, trans-basin water diversions were made to supply growing cities with water, and agriculture was expanded to meet the demand for food (Hughes, 1975). All these actions contributed further to uncontrolled erosion and the sedimentation problems already caused by deforestation. In the 20th century such human impacts affected most continents, often at larger scales due to widespread mechanization, rapidly increasing population, and expanding metropolitan area. In addition to impacts on water supply and sedimentation, more recent impacts included emissions from industrialization, energy production, and transportation, as well as agrichemical runoff from agricultural croplands. Towards the end of the 20th century, there was little doubt that the hydrologic system, land use, and climate were changing at continental and global scales, and action was needed to reduce or slow cumulative negative impacts of human activity on our life-sustaining environment. Today, global climate change, society's unsustainable consumption of energy, increasing greenhouse gases emissions, continued deforestation, and mitigating actions to regain control of these runaway cumulative impacts have become popular topics of discussion. Within this broad framework, specific concerns in the United States that must be recognized and addressed include current and anticipated impacts of changing climate, increased bio-energy demands, and population growth on agricultural landscapes. Climate change, only recently viewed by many as a far-away projection 30, 50 or 100 years from now, is already affecting us. Studies have shown that large regions of the United States are experiencing more frequent and more severe storm events (e.g. Groisman et al., 1999; Kunkel et al., 1999) and corresponding increases in runoff and streamflow (e.g. Lins and Slack, 1999; Miles et al., 2000), leading to higher soil and agricultural chemical movement and transport (e.g. Phillips et al., 1993; Pruski and Nearing, 2002), as well as more stream erosion, stream instability, and gully formation in susceptible areas. At the same time, climbing global energy prices and the push for energy independence and biofuels in the United States are increasing pressures to expand and intensify the production of biofuel feedstocks


This paper addresses the legal problem of the appropriateness of the process of selection of judges carried out by the Judicial Council of Ecuador and its effect on the principle of judicial independence. For this study, a comparison was made between Peru and Spain, which have organs of governments of the judicial function that regulate the selection of judges. The aim is to better understand the selection mechanisms of judges and their relevance in the independent functioning of the administration of justice. An analysis of the system of selection of judges in Ecuador has been carried out, showing the weaknesses that could affect the constitutional principle of independence.


In the literature on monetary equivalence there is a controversy about the importance of prerequisites for learning this kind of skill. One of the procedures that are used for teaching relationships between monetary values is the exclusion one. The study investigated the effect of a teaching procedure of conditional relations by exclusion on learning of monetary relations in deaf children with different mathematical repertoires. Our subjects were six children enrolled in a specialized school for the deaf, where the experiment was conducted. They were divided into two groups: children with mathematical prerequisites (Group I) and children without those prerequisites (Group II). A notebook was used with software (PROLER). Initially, the participants were exposed to pre-testing of mathematical relationships. Then, children were to match, in an MTS procedure, values in LIBRAS and prices (AB) and teaching the same relation to the introduction of the mask. 1) Endereço para correspondência: firstname.lastname@example.com acta comportamentalia Vol. 21, núm. 3 pp. 305-324 306 P. G. SILvA MAGALHãES, R. A. SALvADOR ROSSIT & G. J. ALvES ASSIS 2013 Then exclusion probes were applied with monetary value in LIBRAS and prices (AB) with values untrained. Teaching between monetary values in LIBRAS and pictures of coins (AC) was conducted, followed by exclusion probes the same relationship with the values untrained. Equivalence tests between prices and pictures of coins (BC) and inverse (CB) were performed. Then there was the teaching of three relations between value in LIBRAS and facsimile of Brazilian Real bills (AD), followed by exclusion probes with untrained values. We used equivalence tests of the relationship between prices and facsimile of Brazilian Real bills (BD), prices and figures of coins (BC) and facsimile of Brazilian Real bills and prices (DB). In exclusion probes in both groups, conditional relations between monetary values have emerged. This outcome reveals that even of the initial repertoire of the participants were learning this type of conditional relationship.


Reaction of [Ni(cod)(ButNC)2], [Pd(ButNC)2], and [Pt(trans-stilbene)(PEt3)2] with [Me4N]+[closo-CB10H11]–and closo-2-NMe3-2-CB10H10 affords the closo-metallacarbaboranes [Me4N]+[1,1-L2-1,2-MCBl0H11]– and [1,1-L2-2-NMe3-1,2-MCBl0Hl0](M = Ni or Pd, L = ButNC; M = Pt, L = PEt3). The molecular structure of the palladium complex has been determined from a single-crystal X-ray diffraction study and refined to R= 0.042 for 3 319 independent observed reflections. Crystals are monoclinic, space group P21/n. with cell dimensions of a= 10.947(3), b= 15.194(4), c= 15.804(4)A, β= 103.45(2)°. The 12-atom polyhedron has a very distorted icosahedral geometry, marked by an extremely weak metal-carbon interaction with Pd–C(cage) at 2.600(6)A. The metal to carbaborane bonding is described in terms of approximately square planar co-ordination.


Enumerates the problems existing currently in the process of medical equipment procurement,and describes how to apply the theory of PDCA circulation to solve the problems.


We describe the most complete and best−preserved materials assigned to Simocyon from Spain. Specimens come from the late Miocene (Vallesian) locality of Batallones−1, Province of Madrid and are assigned to Simocyon batalleri. Cra− nial, mandibular and dental anatomy of S. batalleri from Batallones−1 is described and compared with those of known species of Simocyon. We review the systematic status and the definition of the species of Simocyon and we analyse the morphological variation within Simocyon. Three species are recognized as valid. S. batalleri is known from several Vallesian localities (mainly MN 10) of Spain. S. diaphorus, from the early Vallesian of Germany (Mammal Zone MN 9), is the geologically oldest European species. The type species S. primigenius is Turolian in age and known from sev− eral localities of Europe, North America, and China. The species includes the junior synonyms S. zdanskyi and S. marshi. The status of Simocyon hungaricus is not resolved. Simocyon simpsoni is excluded here from Simocyon and re− assigned to its original generic name Protursus. On the basis of the material described here, we propose a differential di− agnosis for Simocyon batalleri. This species is morphologically intermediate between the more primitive S. diaphorus, which has a less reduced p3; and the more derived S. primigenius, characterized by a modified mandible (e.g., more ver− tical and more expanded coronoid process, longer angular process). The evolution of the genus Simocyon is character− ized by a trend toward a more crushing adaptation involving at least a modification of the posterior part of the mandible. A reconstruction of the skull and life appearance of Simocyon is proposed.


The present work presents the results of two researches carried out in Isonzo River Mouth Reg.Nat.Res. The researches were carried out by the dep. of Economic Sciences of the University of Udine on behalf of the Management Body – "Consorzio Il Mosaico". Technical data are presented in an informative way, aiming at giving an exhaustive overview of the management situation and of the touristic fruition of the Reserve.


Introduction: Nursing activity, is a special services activity with specific work subject: sick human (Martin and Gadbois, 2004). This activity is characterized both by heavy physical load, high cognitive load and also emotional involvement with respect to patients in situations of fragility, suffering and the almost continuous confrontation with death (Estryn-Behar et al, 2011;. Malet and Benchekroun, 2012). This activity involves a dimension of "care" and of "take care." (Elaine and Miller, 2012 ; Malet and Benchekroun, 2012, Mullaney and al, 2012). Methodology : This study was conducted with nurse's team of a day hospital unit dedicated to bronchopulmonary cancer patients in France. After the open observations and informal interviews, we performed systematic observations, explicitation interviews and provoked verbalizations, over a period of 09 weeks. The collect of data was structured by a grid with observable classes (CO) and descriptors characterizing the situation of work (DCS). Findings : Nurse activity was subject to many constraints, which the most important are the time management. Nurses deal continually with these constraints by adopting collective and individual strategies of regulation and adjustments. For nurses, "time" is associated with triple significations. The first one, refers to "working time" in its classical meaning. The second dimension of the time is the "time for the patient" due to the strong perception of the dynamic nature of the disease within the day hopital. Nurses developed a special awareness around this dimension of time. The third dimension of time developed by the nurse team the " time benefit " relates to the declared aim of the hospital direction which is "maximum profitability by every unit". Conclusion: In day hospital, nurses composed with multiple time constraints, taking care of all its dimensions generated above; and often associated to emergency pressure and to a high number of patients taken in charge at the same time. In most cases, the dimension of "take care" will be sacrificed during regulation strategies. Although, according to some of observed situations and interviews; depending in nurse's expertise and her assessment of the situation in the day hospital, the "take care" is in some situations particularly developed with larger time accorded to the information, the explication and even the cotching of the patient to better prepare him both to the therapeutic process and to an active participation on medical decision. In this communication we will display multiple observed examples of situations where time of "take care" occupy central place in nurse activity. In this situation nursing is not only limited to "doing for the patient", but it is developed "to doing with him", while simultaneously the nurse continue to juggle with time constraints


This article focuses on ways in which school-age children "make meaning" when they are involved in reading and writing activities. An Analysis of Meaning Construction procedure was developed to describe the knowledge sources, specific strategies, and monitoring behaviors of 67 third-, sixth-, and ninth-grade children when they read and wrote stories and reports. Each student participated in either a think-aloud or retrospective self-report activity during (or after) reading and writing four story and report passages. The resulting transcripts were segmented into communication units and analyzed using the meaning analysis system. Comparisons were made between genres (story and report), domains (reading and writing), and ages (grades 3, 6, and 9). Findings indicate that meaning-making behaviors (1) are complex and varied, (2) change with age and difficulty, and (3) vary consistently between reading and writing. Although reading and writing are related language activities in that they tap similar underlying processes, it is inaccurate to conceptualize them as predominantly similar; reading and writing are also quite different in that the processes they invoke follow markedly different patterns.


This paper discusses the impact of the extraordinary uses of conceptual meaning in rhetoric on the development and change of word meaning.The unusual use of word meaning will produce temporary meaning.When the temporary meaning is used in terms of an agreement,it may become a fixed language meaning,and thus contribute to the development and change of the word meaning.The extraordinary use of conceptual meaning will affect the development of conceptual meaning,additional meaning and grammatical meaning.However,its influence on concepual meaning is direct,and it is indirect for additional meaning and grammatical meaning.


SISONKE MSIMANG explores the silence around gender in current African Renaissance debates and argues that the Renaissance means very little for the majority of women


A number of studies have indicated that the implementation of Si in CrN can significantly improve its performance as a protective coating. As has been shown, the Cr-Si-N coating is comprised of two phases, where nanocrystalline CrN is embedded in a Si3N4 amorphous matrix. However, these earlier experimental studies reported only Cr-Si-N in thin films. Here, we present the first investigation of possible bulk Cr-Si-N phases of composition Cr2SiN4. To identify the possible modifications, we performed global explorations of the energy landscape combined with data mining and the Primitive Cell approach for Atom Exchange (PCAE) method. After ab initio structural refinement, several promising low energy structure candidates were confirmed on both the GGA-PBE and the LDA-PZ levels of calculation. Global optimization yielded six energetically favorable structures and five modifications possible to be observed in extreme conditions. Data mining based searches produced nine candidates selected as the most relevant ones, with one of them representing the global minimum in the Cr2SiN4. Additionally, employing the Primitive Cell approach for Atom Exchange (PCAE) method, we found three more promising candidates in this system, two of which are monoclinic structures, which is in good agreement with results from the closely related Si3N4 system, where some novel monoclinic phases have been predicted in the past.


Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) based on Ba Ce4 4Gd4 203 (BCG) electrolyte films are constructed and tested at intermediate temperatures (700 to 800°C) using hydrogen as fuel and air as oxidant. The ionic and electronic conductivitiesas well as the interfacial properties of the BCG electrolyte films, as deposited on Ni-BCG substrates, are also determined from impedance and open-cell voltage measurements. Results indicate that the performance of the fuel cells isvery sensitive to materials selection and to processing. Diffusion of Ni from substrates into the BCG electrolyte filmsduring processing increases not only the bulk and interfacial resistances but also the electronic transference numbers of the electrolyte films, resulting in reduced open-cell voltages and poor power output. The performance of solid oxide fuel cells based on BCG electrolyte films may be substantially improved, however, by avoiding Ni diffusion into BCGelectrolyte through proper selection of materials and modifications in processing. Introduction Barium cerate-based materials exhibit relatively high ionic conductivities at intermediate temperatures (600 to 800°C) and are thus an attractive choice as electrolytes for intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cells. Gd-doped barium cerate with a composition of BaCe04 Gd403 exhibits the highest conductivity among the barium cerate-based electrolytes studied.2 Further, the longterm stability of the BCG electrolyte has been demonstrated under hydrogen-air fuel cell conditions4'5 and in H30-containing conditions.6 The performance of SOFCs, however, can be further enhanced by reducing the thickness of the BCG electrolyte.4 For successful construction of an SOFC based on a BCG electrolyte film, several technical challenges must be overcome. The electrolyte film must be dense and crack-free to ° Electrochemical Society Student Member. * Electrochemical Society Active Member, avoid short-circuiting and fuel leakage; the electrodes must be electrically conductive, catalytically active, and porous (to facilitate gas transport); and the seals must be electrically insulating and gastight (to prevent leakage). In our earlier studies, a colloidal7 and a modified Pechini° process were investigated to prepare BCG electrolyte films on various porous substrates. Electrically conductive and porous Ni-BCG disks were used as substrates for BCG films to facilitate the electrical characterization of these films. In addition, the use of Ni-BCG reduces the thermal expansion mismatch between the electrolyte film and the substrate. In this study, single cells based on BCG electrolyte films, prepared on porous Ni-BCG substrates, were constructed and tested. Open-cell voltage (OCV), impedance spectra (IS), and current-voltage characteristics of each cell were acquired under various testing conditions to characterize the electrochemical properties of each cell component as well as the overall performance of each cell. ecsdl.org/site/terms_use address. Redistribution subject to ECS license or copyright; see 22.214.171.124 Downloaded on 2013-05-29 to IP 1036 J. Electrochem. Soc., Vol. 144, No. 3, March 1997 The Electrochemical Society, Inc. Experimental Porous Ni-BCG composites were used as anode and as supporting substrates for preparation of BCG electrolyte films. The BCG powders used in the Ni-BCG composite were prepared by conventional ceramic processing.9 To ensure that the substrate is electrically conductive, the composition of the composite was so chosen that the volume fraction of Ni metal would be 40% after reduction of NiO to Ni metal. Disks of NiO-BCG (1.7 cm diam and 1.5 mm thick) were prefired at 1000°C and BCG electrolyte films were subsequently deposited as described elsewhere.7 Unfritted silver paste (Heraeus: C4400UF) was screenprinted on the top of each electrolyte film and fired at 800°C for 10 mm to form a porous silver electrode. The samples were then attached to an alumina tube using a glass seal. A hermetic seal is crucial to the reliable testing of SOFCs. The sealing glass composition was chosen such that its thermal expansion coefficient lies between alumina and BCG and its softening point was above 800°C to form a hard seal at or below 800°C. The sealing glass consists of three glasses, glass A, glass V-960, and glass V805B, with a weight ratio of 1:2:4. Glass A was prepared in our lab with the following composition: 49.3 weight percent (w/o) Si02, 17.7 w/o Na,O, 13.7 w/o B203, 7.6 w/o CaO, 6.8 w/o A1203, 3.7 w/o K20, 0.66 w/o Li20, 0.3 w/o MnO,, and 0.24 w/o Co20.).'° Glasses V-960 and V805-B were obtained from Vitrifunction. The glasses were fired in situ and the heating and cooling rates were carefully controlled to avoid cracking of the glass seal. The furnace was heated at 7°C/mm to 840°C, held at the temperature for 5 mm to soften the glass, and then cooled down at 1 .5°C/mm to the desired temperature for testing. A scheme of the cell test apparatus is shown in Fig. 1. After the glass seals were fired in situ, argon was supplied to the anode while the cathode was exposed to ambient air. Approximately 30 mm after the cell reached the operating temperature (700 to 800°C), the anode gas was switched to hydrogen (water content about 1 volume percent (yb)) to reduce NiO in the porous substrate to Ni metal. At 800°C, NiO was completely reduced to Ni in about 1 h. Impedance spectra of the cells were obtained at temperatures ranging from 700 to 800°C in the frequency range from mHz to MHz using a computerized impedance analysis system consisting of a frequency response analyzer (Solatron 1255) and an electrochemical interface (Solatron 1286). The OCVs and current-voltage characteristics were also recorded under identical conditions for each impedance measurement. A Hitachi S-800 scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to characterize the microstructures of cells before and after cell operation. A statistical "point counting" method in quantitative stereology" was used to estimate the porosities of substrates and electrodes. Results and Discussion Microstructure.—Figure 2a shows a cross-sectional view of a BCG film (sintered at 1200°C for 2 h) on a NiO-BCG


Abstract. This review describes the recent advances in plasmonic nanostructures for various sensing applications. In particular, significant advances in surface-enhanced Raman, surface plasmon resonance, and metal-enhanced fluorescence-sensing methodologies associated with the introduction of plasmonic nanostructures, made over the past decade, are highlighted. Plasmonic properties of the various nanostructures employed for each sensing technique are also tabulated to provide a systematic overview of the state-of-the-art in each sensing field. This review is not intended to be a comprehensive compilation of the literature but rather a critical review of the recent significant advances in plasmonic nanostructures for each sensing regime.


approved: Lan Xue Monotone additive models are useful in estimating productivity curves or analyzing disease risk where the predictors are known to have monotonic effects on the response. Existing literature mainly focuses on univariate monotone smoothing. Available methods for the estimation of monotone additive models are either difficult to interpret or have no asymptotic guarantees. In the first part of this dissertation, we propose a onestep backfitted constrained polynomial spline method for the estimation of monotone additive models. In our proposed method, we obtain monotone estimators by imposing a set of linear constraints on the spline coefficients for each additive component. In the second part of the dissertation, we extend the constrained polynomial spline method to estimate the production frontier that is used to quantify the maximum production output in econometrics. The estimation of frontier functions is more challenging since it is the boundary of the support rather than the mean output function to be estimated. Here, we develop a two-step shape constrained polynomial spline method for the frontier estimation. The first step is to capture the shape of frontier while the second step is to estimate the location of frontier. Both proposed methods in this dissertation give smooth estimators with the desired shape constraints (monotonicity or/and concavity). They are easily implementable and computationally efficient by taking advantage of linear programming. Most importantly, our methods are applicable for multi-dimensions where some existing methods fail to work. For the assessment of properties of the proposed estimators, asymptotic theory is also developed. In addition, the simulation studies and application of our methods to analyze Norwegian Farm data in both parts suggest that our proposed methods have better numerical performance than the existing methods, especially when the data has outliers. c ©Copyright by Lu Wang May 24, 2016 All Rights Reserved Nonparametric Estimation of Additive Models with Shape Constraints


The following paper introduces a parallel approach to a social variant of the Genetic Algorithm, called Parallel Genetic Algorithm with Social Interaction (PSIGA). The algorithm is based on social games involving game theory, and it is implemented using the OpenMP API, which is based on the shared memory programming model for multiple processor architectures. The main contribution of this approach is the parallelization using the Shared Memory of the Social Interaction Genetic Algorithm (SIGA) in order to achieve faster and better optimality than its nonparallel counterpart for global optimization problems with restrictions. For means of performance assessment, the algorithm is tested on four instances of engineering design problems and the obtained results compared with the Genetic Algorithm with Social Interaction (SIGA) implemented in sequential programming model.


Significance The extracellular production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by membrane or secreted oxidases has been linked to epithelial wound repair, defense against infection, and inflammation. Here, we elucidate the pathway that explains how extracellular H2O2 transduces a signal into the cell to induce these critical cell functions. Our study shows the central component of this pathway in the mammalian colon is the H2O2-conducting aquaglyceroporin AQP3 and implicates this channel in innate immune responses at mucosal surfaces. The colonic epithelium provides an essential barrier against the environment that is critical for protecting the body and controlling inflammation. In response to injury or gut microbes, colonic epithelial cells produce extracellular hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which acts as a potent signaling molecule affecting barrier function and host defense. In humans, impaired regulation of H2O2 in the intestine has been associated with early-onset inflammatory bowel disease and colon cancer. Here, we show that signal transduction by H2O2 depends on entry into the cell by transit through aquaporin-3 (AQP3), a plasma membrane H2O2-conducting channel. In response to injury, AQP3-depleted colonic epithelial cells showed defective lamellipodia, focal adhesions, and repair after wounding, along with impaired H2O2 responses after exposure to the intestinal pathogen Citrobacter rodentium. Correspondingly, AQP3−/− mice showed impaired healing of superficial wounds in the colon and impaired mucosal innate immune responses against C. rodentium infection, manifested by reduced crypt hyperplasia, reduced epithelial expression of IL-6 and TNF-α, and impaired bacterial clearance. These results elucidate the signaling mechanism of extracellular H2O2 in the colonic epithelium and implicate AQP3 in innate immunity at mucosal surfaces.


Admission to university, while bringing positive feelings about the achievement of a programmed goal, can sometimes become a critical period of greater vulnerability to the onset and maintenance of psychotropic drug use. This research aimed to analyze the use of tobacco and psychotropic drugs by medical students and impact that can be generated in their quality of life, through a literature review based on 6 scientific articles that refer to the use of tobacco and psychotropic drugs By medical students. In Brazil, the use of psychoactive substances has increased among young people aged 18 to 24 years. About 78% of the population in this age group consumed alcoholic beverages, while 22.8% used illicit drugs at least once in their lifetime. The university environment allows easier access to various drugs, and a significant increase in consumption after insertion in higher education is evident. The lifestyle adopted by medical students culminates with the need to stay awake and active longer to meet the demand for study. It is at this time that we find a great use of stimulant drugs in the group. This study presents an alert aiming at a greater understanding on the subject and can guide the creation and implementation of orientation and prevention actions aimed at this population in medical schools.


In Massif Central, there is a volcano called Lemptegy. This volcano is one of the 70 in the chaîne des puys. After the Second World War, scoria of the volcano was dug up and used as building material. This area is now an outdoor museum which can be visited (http://www.auvergne-volcan.com/accueil/accueil.asp). As most of the scoria has been drained, you can see where the lava has come through. These structures called dykes can normally be seen when erosion removes the volcanic cone.


This paper discusses the whole arm manipulation allowing the contact state transition. For manipulation of an object under fully constrained, the contact state transition becomes necessary. In order to realize the object manipulation, we first derive the feasible direction of the object manipulation by analyzing the active/passive closure properties for every combination of contact states. Second, we derive the set of joint torque to move the object in the feasible direction. These analyses also provide the joint torque to realize the manipulation at the planned contact states. Effectiveness of the proposed method is confirmed by some simulation results


Objective:To investigate the value of diagnosis in uterine anomalies by three-dimensional ultrasound multiplane imaging.Methods:Eighty-four patients with suspected uterine anomalies by two dimensional ultrasound(2DUS)were scanned with three-dimensional ultrasound(3DUS).The type of uterine anomalies was observed.The sonographic features of different types of uterine anomalies were illustrated.Results:There were 10 remnant horn of a unicornuate uterus,5 unicornuate uterus,3 double uterus,3 incomplete bicornuate uterus,1 complete bicornuate uterus,5 uterus arcuatus,14 complete uterus septus,43 uterus subseptus.The results of 3DUS was consistent with that of hysterosalpingography and hysteroscope examiantion.Conclusion:3DUS can acquire coronal plane of uterine heteroplasia.It can not only increase diagnostic accordance rate for uterine anomalies,but also play an important role in clinical management.


ABSTRACT Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is an ocular manifestation of diabetes and the leading cause of visual impairment and blindness across the globe. Early detection and treatment of DR can salvage from visual impairment. The manual screening of DR is a very laborious and time-intensive effort and heavily dependent on professional ophthalmologists. In addition, the subtle distinction among various retinal biomarkers and different grades of DR makes this recognition very challenging. To address the aforementioned problem, deep neural networks have brought many revolutions in the last few years. In this study, we proposed a novel two-stage framework for automatic DR classification. In the first stage, we employed two distinct U-Net models for optic disc (OD) and blood vessel (BV) segmentation during the preprocessing. In the second stage, the enhanced retinal images after OD and BV extraction are used as an input of transfer learning-based model VGGNet, which performs DR detection by identifying retinal biomarkers such as microaneurysms (MA), haemorrhages (HM), and exudates (EX). The proposed model achieved state-of-the-art performance with an average accuracy of 96.60%, 93.95%, 92.25% evaluated on EyePACS-1, Messidor-2, and DIARETDB0, respectively. Extensive experiments and comparison with baseline methods demonstrate that the effectiveness of the proposed approach.


In urine concentrates form patients with acute and chronic glomerulonephritis and patients under cytostatic treatment, remarkable amounts of membrane-bound alanine-aminopeptidase, alkaline-phosphatase and gamma-glutamyltraspeptidase could be recognized. With an anti-brush-border antisera membrane-bound enzymes could be differentiated from soluble fractions of other origins. Patients with recognizable membrane proteins in urine showed tendencies toward progression of their kidney diseases. Patients under cytostatic treatment with high dose showed a very early output of these enzymes while others under low dose started after a longer treatment with the excretion of membrane-bound enzymes.


The circulatory actions of a CO2 buffer (THAM) have been studied in the isolated perfused dog leg and kidney and in the intact dog. Techniques involving controlled arterial inflow were used in orde...


Objectives:This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of duloxetine (DLX) and the anticonvulsants pregabalin (PGB) and gabapentin (GBP) for the treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain (DPNP) in routine clinical care. Materials and Methods:Data from a 6-month, noninterventional study involving 2575 patients in whom treatment of DPNP was initiated with or changed to DLX, PGB, or GBP (n=1523) were analyzed post hoc; patients treated with other medications or combinations were excluded from this analysis. Propensity scoring was used to compare patient groups, assessing Brief Pain Inventory (BPI), Clinical and Patient Global Impression (CGI/PGI), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS), and the Short Form Health Survey (SF 12). Results:Mean median daily dosage over 6 months was 53.9 mg for DLX (N=931), 173.5 mg for PGB (N=248), and 727.8 mg for GBP (N=351). BPI average pain severity (last observation carried forward, mean [SD]) decreased by 2.3 [2.30] points for DLX patients, and by 1.9 [2.22] in PGB, and 1.1 [2.15] in GBP patients. This difference remained statistically significant (DLX vs. PGB: P=0.029; DLX vs. GBP: P<0.001) after adjustment by propensity scores. Similar findings were also seen for the BPI interference score, CGI and PGI, the HADS anxiety score, the HADS depression score. Discussion:When compared with DLX, the low doses of PGB and GBP used in this noninterventional study might have contributed to the lower effectiveness found for both anticonvulsants in the treatment of patients with DPNP.


The jump resonance criterion presented by Fukuma and Matsubara normalizes the non-linearity characteristic and restricts its derivative (with respect to the input) to lie within the sector 0 ? f'(e) ? 1. The region in which jump resonance can occur is localized in the domain near the origin in the inverse polar plane. As compared with the circle criterion which may also be applied in the study of jump resonance, this criterion is conservative. Based on the sector-bounded-non-linearity concept afforded by the circle criterion, the work of Fukuma and Matsubara has been extended and compared favourably with the circle criterion.