The use of quality seeds is an important factor for crop establishment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physical and physiological quality of wheat seeds submitted three different treatments using mixes of micronutrients including zinc: micronutrient 1 (1% Mn; 0.1% Mo; 10% Zn); micronutrient 2 (0.3% B; 0.3% Co; 3% Zn) and no micronutrient combined with polymer (Colorseed He), blend of fungicide carboxin+thiram (Vitavax® Thiram 200 SC) + insecticide thiamethoxam (Cruiser® 350 FS) and combination of treatments polymer Colorseed He + fungicide Vitavax® Thiram 200 SC + insecticide Cruiser® 350 FS. After treatment, was held at intervals of 60 days, germination tests, accelerated aging and moisture content determination of the wheat seed stored under uncontrolled conditions for a period of 240 days. Untreated seeds and treated wheat seeds with polymer, carboxin+thiram + tiamethoxam, polymer + carboxin+thiram + tiamethoxam, associate or not with micronutrients (1%Mn; 0.1%Mo; 10%Zn or 0.3%B; 0.3%Co; 3%Zn) maintains germination during storage for 180 days, under uncontrolled conditions. The seed treatment does not alter the moisture content of seeds.


Non-invasive monitoring of slurry pipelines with a new embedded system is described to complement existing remote sensing techniques via satellites. The behavior of the slurry inside the pipeline may cause sedimentation which may lead to blockages and undesired spillages during cleanup operations. While some intelligence resides in the instruments, their final calibrations need to be based on having acquired a wide range of actual operating conditions, including mine-specific anomalies. These circumstances generally occur randomly and therefore 2-way communication is preferable during the commissioning period to enable rapid responses to fine-tune the calibration. The need for an efficient and flexible data format, which is simple and robust for wireless monitoring of slurry pipelines in remote areas, is described as a case study. From various data format options, the Concise Binary Object Representation (CBOR) format was chosen and implemented to assist in the commissioning of various devices to detect sedimentation of solid particles at the bottom of the pipelines. CBOR's strength is in the self-describing object protocol, but it still consumes a lot of static memory. Challenges were experienced as the format does not support 32-bit processors, and longer objects needed to be broken done to ensure successful transmissions.


on the field of instrumental phonetics. The author begins by bemoaning the lack of research into bilingual phonological acquisition and this is reflected in the paucity of recent references. An interesting claim, based on the experimental evidence presented in Chapter 2, is that bilingual children achieve a compromise between native-like production in two languages and reduction of processing load. The following chapter attempts to account for learner variation in


A improve the penetration of rubber into the interior without reducing the compressive stiffness, also provides a rubber article-reinforcing metallic cord constituted by three to five metal filaments can also be reduced equipment cost and manufacturing cost to. A one in the metal filament 1 wound metal filaments 2 of the other one helically filament bundle 6 ungated, twisting the filament bundle 6 and the remaining one of the metal filaments 3 with twisting pitch P and constituting the rubber article-reinforcing metal cords 7 constituted by three metal filaments combined. Code consists of four metal filaments twisted it by two pairs form a filament bundle of the, also, one of the metal cords in the two sets of the filament bundle composed of five metal filaments further added to the filament twisting it. .FIELD 1


It is as important to carry out mental education as to finish education tasks.In course of mental education,students should be taken into account more and given more care,and various mental health educations in grades and in stages,combined with prevention and treatment,should be carried out.


INTRODUCTION It is often said that the youth of the 60's and 70's were mainly interested in three things: sex, drugs, and rock and roll. This time period spawned revolutions in all of these fields. There was also a new group of people who believed two of these interests could be combined. These people believed that music could increase growth of plants, especially marijuana (Cannabis Sativa). There have been many studies relating to sound and the growth and health of plants and animals, including human beings. For example, the Department of Public Health in Helsinki, Finland published a study in 2006 entitled " The Association of Noise Sensitivity with Coronary Heart Failure and Cardiovascular Mortality among Finnish Adults. " This study investigated every pair of identical twins in Finland born in 1958 with both twins living in 1967. They received questionnaires which helped them determine the level of noise sensitivity the subject had as well as estimating the amount of noise they had been subjected to over their lives, such as noisy homes (near industries such as railroads), noisy occupations, and noisy hobbies. They then compared noise sensitivity, gender, and amount of noise exposure. It was found that women who were noise sensitive, and had been subjected to more noise than others, were at high risk for heart problems. Therefore, noise sensitivity either is a risk factor or may be used as a risk indicator for heart problems (Heinonen-Guzejev). It has been hypothesized that sound increases growth in plants, and some companies even use a growth system that incorporates sound to try to increase growth (High Times). Thus, sound could effectively increase the amount of marijuana, or any plant, that you could grow. In these cases, sound was desired and potentially beneficial. In other cases, the unwanted effects of sound on plants, or the environment, are referred 2 to as noise pollution. For example, it could create effects very similar to eutrophication, which is when the environment promotes growth that it cannot support. This can have a long term effect on the world's environment. It doesn't sound like much, but after years of noise from everything from music to leafblowers to cars to subways, there could be a significant growth in plants. This could also be caused by a limited local burst in the supply of nutrients, such as food, nitrogen, etc. This would lead to more animals feeding off …


For a weight-set A ⊆ Z n , the A -weighted zero-sum constant C A ( n ) is defined to be the smallest natural number k , such that any sequence of k elements in Z n has an A -weighted zero-sum subsequence of consecutive terms. A sequence of length C A ( n ) − 1 in Z n which does not have any A -weighted zero-sum subsequence of consecutive terms will be called a C -extremal sequence for A . Let (cid:0) xn (cid:1) denote the Jacobi symbol of x ∈ Z n . We characterize the C - extremal sequences for the weight-set S ( n ) = (cid:8) x ∈ U ( n ) : (cid:0) xn (cid:1) = 1 (cid:9) and for the weight-set L ( n ; p ) = (cid:8) x ∈ U ( n ) : (cid:0) xn (cid:1) = (cid:0) xp (cid:1) (cid:9) where p is a prime divisor of n . We can define D -extremal sequences for these weight-sets in a way analogous to the definition of C -extremal sequences. We also characterize these sequences.


ranula is herniated cyst located below the mylohyoid muscle and present as a lump in the upper part of the neck. Background and Objectives For plunging ranula, excision of the sublingual gland has been the major treatment option, with sclerotherapy being widely used as minimal invasive treatment. We compared the outcomes of these two methods as an initial treatment for ranula and investigated the outcomes of salvage procedure in recurred patients. Subjects and Method Patients were classified into the excision group (n = 35) and the sclerotherapy group (n = 39) according to the type of their initial treatment. The outcomes of the initial and salvage treatment were determined as recurrence or non-recurrence at 3 months after treatment, and statistically compared between the excision and the sclerotherapy groups. Results Recurrence in the sclerothearpy group (n = 20, 51.3%) showed a significantly higher rate ( p <0.001) than in the excision group (n = 3, 8.6%). Recurring patients who received treatment different from the initial treatment (n = 7) were cured, while those who had same procedure as the initial treatment (n = 11) showed recurrence of 72.7% (n = 8). There was no procedure related complication among the patients. for the treatment of plunging ranula. In addition, sublingual gland excision was effective even after the failure of ethanol sclerotherapy.


Humanistic principles emphasize the importance of the individual and specific human needs. Humanism in education has been in concern during the last few decades. However, there are controversies as whether to use its principles in foreign language classrooms or not. The present paper provides an overview of the major assumptions underlying humanism as well as different emphases of it. In general, most literature on humanism is concerned with its relation to education, this paper use the implications of the contributions of humanism to education in explaining the way humanism can contribute to foreign language teaching. In addition, areas of difficulty that are faced when trying to put humanistic values into practice in the classroom, are described. Next, an important point is given regarding criticisms against humanism in language teaching. Finally, the paper discusses whether it is better to use or not to use humanism in foreign language teaching.


Domestic violence is a serious social phenomenon whose consequences are devastating for the family and physical and emotional integrity of all members. Violence against women is present in all stages of development of society and is an expression of the historical gender disparities. Females, regardless of age, are exposed to various forms of physical, sexual, psychological and economic violence, regardless of ethnic, religious racial, cultural affiliation and status. The new Council of Europe Convention is another step forward in eliminating inequality between men and women. By adopting it is recognizes the social significance of domestic violence, and indirectly that the existing legal instruments in this area have not produced the expected results. The Republic of Serbia is a signatory to the Convention, and the article discusses the importance of its ratification.


The author reviews the basic characteristics and progress in transducer properties of the different types of piezoelectric ceramics. The application of these materials in practical ultrasonic transducers is also reported.


Augmented reality (AR) is breaking into every industry and is finding a home in many unique and novel applications, due in part to its ability to engage users and their physical surroundings in potentially immersive means. We present our early investigation into whether these qualities of AR may be leveraged to help people learn coding more easily and with more fun. Using a within-subjects design with 12 participants, our pilot study evaluated two interactive AR coding environments: (1) head-mounted AR with Microsoft HoloLens, (2) mobile AR with ARKit on an iPhone; together with a conventional 2D touch interface using Swift Playground on an iPad as baseline. Participants enjoyed using mobile AR the most, and they also completed programming tasks the fastest when using it. Our current results suggest AR may have potential in enhancing beginners' learning experience for coding, especially for tasks that are more interactive and benefit from visual feedback.


Background: this study describes the contribution of XRCC1, XRCC3 and PALB2 genes in the genesis of sporadic forms of breast cancer in Belarus patients. Materials and Methods: this study included 169 patients with sporadic breast cancer and 185 healthy patients. The molecular genetic analysis was performed by RFLP and PAGE electrophoresis. Results: in this study we identified genotypes of high risk breast cancer patient's for PALB2, XRCC1 and XRCC3 genes. We also discovered a statistically significant associations between the GG genotype for p.Q399R (XRCC1) and tumor grade, and between TT genotype for XRCC3 gene and the presence of metastases in the regional lymph nodes. The patients with TT genotype (p.T241M, XRCC3) showed the fivefold increase in the risk of local breast cancer recurrence. Conclusion: For the first time it was determined the prevalence of polymorphic variants of the DNA repair genes: p.Q399R (XRCC1), p.T241M (XRCC3), p.T1100T (PALB2) and p.Q559P (PALB2) for Belarus patients with the breast cancer. Analysis of SNPs in the DNA repair key genes may have clinical and prognostic significance during the formation of high risk patient's groups developing the breast cancer.


The use of gray system theory GM(1,1),and residual GM(1,1)model amendments to the city of Yiyang to predict the area of arable land,so that the model residuals amended to maintain a good adaptability to effectively improve the prediction accuracy.Application of residual model to predict land Yiyang test results show that the residual GM(1,1)model with high prediction accuracy,a better simulation results,the results of Yiyang City in line with the changes of the number of arable land,that is,Yiyang Urban land area in the next few years will be showing a continuing decline.Therefore the protection of arable land resources,rational use and protection of arable land are urgent tasks.


I have written some new computational geometry functions. These are functions for delaunay triangulation, convex hulls and voronoi facets up to n dimensions. They should be compatible to matlab 5.3 and the upcoming 6.0 release. I have added in the image section corr2 and the trivial functions std2, mean2.


Background: deficiency anemia (IDA) are one of the important causes of microcytic hypochromic anaemia. Their differentiation is important because they not only require different management but als different implications to the community. currently the gold standard in diagnosing haemoglobinopathies. However, in a resource poor country like India HPLC may not be widely available, especially in ru used to differentiate IDA and thalassemia. The objective of this study is to correlate the HPLC findings withthe red cell indices andMentzer's index and study its sensitivity and specificity in differentiating IDA fro patients in a tertiary care centre in Western Maharashtra. Complete blood counts, HPLC was done on patients' blood samples and Mentzer's index was calculated. Statistical analysis SPSS 16 software thalassemia from IDA reliable marker in diagnosis of thalassemia a a better correlation and may be used as surrogate markers for the diagnosis of IDA along with serum iron studies in cases where HPLC is not available.


Abstract:Margaret Oliphant's novels make frequent reference to the consumer culture of the period, ranging from shopping in department stores to the purchase of art works by private collectors. Both female and male shoppers feature in her novels, and the goods itemized include jewellery, dresses, furnishings, wallpaper, ceramics and bookcases. Drawing on recent theories of nineteenth-century consumer cultures, this essay explores the sociology of shopping in a selection of Oliphant's best-known novels. While she communicates the joys of shopping, whether for gits to please others or for the innocent pleasure of acquiring something new, Oliphant also registers the social unease of relationships between shopkeepers and customers, and her characters' sober realization that material things in themselves offer no lasting compensation for the emotional emptiness of self-absorption or disappointment. Ultimately, shopping becomes for Oliphant a way of representing the complexities of social structures, and the involuntary connections forged by buying and selling. In this respect, it merges with her other concerns about class and gender, secrecy and hypocrisy, in close-knit communities, while her ironic treatment of those unhealthily preoccupied with 'things' subverts their mistaken values.


Digital innovations that change the way we work, live, and play.

Emerging Technologies presents creative, innovative technologies and applications in many fields, including but not limited to: displays, robotics, input devices, interaction techniques, computer vision, sensors, audio, speech, biometrics, wearable computing, information, data and scientific visualization, biotechnology, graphics, collaborative environments, and design.

And in several domains, including but not limited to: medicine, music, entertainment, education, home, business, aerospace, communication, transportation, security, military, and technologies for the aging and/or disabled.


Employing Solar Dynamics Observatory/Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) multi-wavelength images, we report the coronal condensation during the magnetic reconnection (MR) between a system of open and closed coronal loops. Higher-lying magnetically open structures, observed in AIA 171 Å images above the solar limb, move downward and interact with the lower-lying closed loops, resulting in the formation of dips in the former. An X-type structure forms at the interface. The interacting loops reconnect and disappear. Two sets of newly reconnected loops then form and recede from the MR region. During the MR process, bright emission appears sequentially in the AIA 131 and 304 Å channels repeatedly in the dips of higher-lying open structures. This indicates the cooling and condensation process of hotter plasma from ∼0.9 MK down to ∼0.6 MK, and then to ∼0.05 MK, also supported by the light curves of the AIA 171, 131, and 304 Å channels. The part of higher-lying open structures supporting the condensation participate in the successive MR. Without support from underlying loops, the condensation then rains back to the solar surface along the newly reconnected loops. Our results suggest that the MR between coronal loops leads to the condensation of hotter coronal plasma and its downflows. MR thus plays an active role in the mass cycle of coronal plasma because it can initiate the catastrophic cooling and condensation. This underlines that the magnetic and thermal evolution has to be treated together and cannot be separated, even in the case of catastrophic cooling.


The electrochemical conversion of bio-based platform chemicals is an effective way of moving away from a crude oil reliant chemical source. Lignocellulosic biomass such as hemicellulose provides a sustainable chemicals source which can yield important platform chemicals including furfural, which can be upgraded into higher valued chemicals for biofuels, renewable polymers, and pharmaceuticals. In this study, we investigate the electrochemical reduction of furfural using Cu and Co single-atom molecular catalysts on carbon electrodes in a mild basic electrolyte (pH 10) for selective production of hydrofuroin, a promising precursor to sustainable drop-in jet fuels. Using density functional theory, we show that the selectivity of furfural reduction products on transition metals could be generally described by the adsorption energies of furfural and hydrogen (Fig 1a). In particular, we predict that the weak-binding molecular catalysts could give rise to a facile reaction path towards coupling product. Based on theoretical calculations, we synthesized Cu and Co-doped phthalocyanines and show that those single-atom molecular catalysts display up to 92% Faradaic efficiency for hydrofuroin production with suppressed hydrogen evolution in pH 10 at -0.50 V vs. the reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE). Combining experiment and theory, we show that the rate-determining step for hydrofuroin formation on single-atom molecular catalysts is the first proton-coupled electron transfer rather than the chemical coupling step. Furthermore, a single-atom molecular design principle is briefly proposed by tuning the adsorption strength of furfural.

 Figure 1


Eight trials were conducted for drying mackerel by a solar biomass hybrid cabinet dryer (S-BHCD) and open sun drying (OSD) at air temperatures of 32.39–57.69°C, relative humidity 23.9–85.8%, and air flow rate of 0.20–0.60 m/s. The solar radiation ranged between 287 and 898 W/m2 during the time of experimentation. At nighttime, drying was carried out by combusting biomass. The initial moisture content of the processed mackerel was 72.50±0.44% (w.b.) and was reduced to the final moisture content of 16.67±0.52% (w.b.) in S-BHCD and 16.92±0.54% (w.b.) in OSD. Eleven drying models were used and the coefficients of determination (R 2) and constants were evaluated by nonlinear regression to estimate the drying curves of dried mackerels. The Midilli model was found to more satisfactorily describe the drying process of mackerel in S-BHCD with R 2 of 0.9999, χ2 of 0.0000374, and RMSE of 0.0057. In the OSD, a two-term drying model satisfactorily described the drying process with R 2 of 0.9996, χ2 of 0.0000519, and RMSE of 0.0072. The variation of Free Fatty acid (FFA), Peroxide value (PV), Thiobarbituric acid (TBA), Total volatile bases nitrogen (TVB-N), Trimethylamine nitrogen (TMA-N), and histamine contents of dried mackerel by using S-BHCD showed very high corresponding coefficients of determination, where all R 2 were greater than 0.90, except TBA value. Bacterial count and mold growth were decreased significantly (P < 0.05). There was no discoloration of the product during 4 months of storage. Contour plots of S-BHCD and OSD dried mackerel also showed that for all sensory attributes examined, panelists preferred fish dried with S-BHCD. The organoleptic analysis showed that the S-BHCD drying methods have a highly significant effect (P < 0.01) on texture and overall acceptability. Biochemical, microbial analysis, and sensory evaluation showed that the product was in prime acceptable form for 4 months of storage at ambient temperature.


The essential part in developing the humanoid robot which is able to play soccer is the vision system. The vision system needs to be fast and accurate in detecting the surrounding objects on the field such as the ball, goal, teammates, or even the opponent. One of the powerful methods which was able to generate the object detection quickly with high accuracy was the deep learning. However, this method proceeded a huge computation. Even if it was generated on the GPU, it would still generat a low speed of detecting. Therefore, the high precision and fast detecting of the object method need to be considered in this area. In order to overcome this problem, we proposed the combination of the XNOR-Network (XNOR-Net) towards YOLOv3 running on the GPU with the same layer configuration as the tinyYOLO. To testify the performance of this method, some experiments has been carried out in real-time application by implementing it in the NVDIA Jetson TX1 GPU. From the experiment results, this method is able to detect the object faster than other object detection in detecting the ball and goal colored by white and generated 30 FPS in detecting each object.


Based on production investigation and sampling data by gillnet fishery for Harpadon nehereus in the northern part of the South China Sea in September 2012, length and weight distribution were analyzed with data analysis tool of Microsoft Excel. The results indicated: the length distribution of Harpadon nehereus was presented normally, and their dominant group of length was 200-210 mm and 210-220 mm; the weight distribution of Harpadon nehereu was different from the length, and their dominant group was 75-100 g ; the relationship between the length and the weight of Harpadon nehereus was W = 0.000 7L2.202 6. Fishing capacity of this gillnet was analyzed preliminarily in this paper. The results indicated the optimum length of the gillnet fishery was 210 mm, and the length ranged from 166 mm to 252 mm; the optimum mesh size and the minimal mesh size was 36 mm and 33 mm respectively. Finally, to achieve sustainable development of gillnet fishery of Harpadon nehereu, the mesh size of the gillnet was suggested to be enlarged to over 40 mm, and must obtain the first capture size of Harpadon nehereu in the South China Sea.


Article 52 (Independence of supervisory authorities); Article 68 (European Data Protection Board) (see too recital 139); Article 69 (Independence of the EDPB); Article 70 (Tasks of the EDPB); Article 71 (Reports); Article 72 (Procedure within the EDPB); Article 73 (Chair of the EDPB); Article 74 (Tasks of the Chair).


This invention discloses a single chip two-color wheel stereographic projection optics engine, which can realizes the stereographic image output and comprises the following: light source, IR-UV shut, color wheel, optical wand, relay lens set, reflection lens, prism set, digital microscope chip, projection lens orderly arranged along the light path; and splitter, refection lens, polarized pad, lens and prism. The said splitter is located between the IR-UV shut and reflection lens; the said reflection lens, polarized pad, lens set and color wheel are two and symmetrically located around the prism along the light path; the said prism is located between the color wheel and light path.


This study has been carried out to assess the effect of folic acid, Nacetyl Cysteine and insulin on some histological parameters in the uterus of alloxan induced diabetic rats and their fetuses. In this study, 192 healthy pregnant rat, whose weight was about 200-350grams were used . The animals were housed under standard laboratory condition (12 h light; 12 h dark at 20-24 C). The animals were given standard rat pellets and tap water ad libtium. Normal female rats mated with normal males, then the first day of gestation were detected through vaginal plug. Diabetes mellitus were induced by a single subcutaneous injection of 100 mg/kg of alloxan. After four days, rats which showed blood glucose of more than 200 mg/dl were considered as alloxan induced diabetic pregnant, and they were distributed to three periods (1-7, 8-14 and 15-22 days) of gestation. Diabetic pregnant rats at each period were divided into eight subgroups groups. First subgroup supplemented with standard diet which represent the negative control, while the rest subgroups were treated with 100mg/kg alloxan. In addition to alloxan, the third subgroup were treated with 250mg/kg folate and 4 I.U .insulin, the subgroup four was daily injected with 7.5mg/kg folate and 4 I.U. insulin, the subgroup five was supplemented with 250mg/kg folate, subgroup six was daily injected with 4 I.U. insulin, subgroup seven was supplemented with 0.1 %N-acetyl cysteine and 4 I.U .insulin and the rats of the last group were supplemented with 0.1 %N-acetyl cysteine. Lana Sardar Salih & Kusai A .Al-Chaladi & Hamad Jandari Jamma 40 Histological examination of uteri sections revealed thickness and of uterine wall hyperplasia and stenation of the uterine mucosa in all treated groups during the first week of gestation .Infiltration of the uterine wall with eosinophilic cells were seen in folic acid (250 mg/hg) treated subgroup .Growing embryos were seen during the second week of gestation and full grown embryos were seen during the third week of gestation in all treated groups. Abnormal development brain seen in fetuses of diabetic rats. Also abnormal and restricted of peripheral area around the brain were seen in insulin treated rats. Introduction Diabetes complicates 2-3 %of all pregnancies, and despite major advances in clinical management, prenatal morbidity and complications remains significant during pregnancy. Insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus is characterized always a layer by elevated blood glucose levels brought about by a deficiency in insulin production .This elevation of glucose results in serious pathological complications; pregnancy diabetics often suffer from reproductive problems, such as spontaneous abortion, neonatal morbidity and mortality, and congenital malformations (1). Work with diabetic animal models has demonstrated uterine atrophy, reduced mating ability and alterations of the hypothalamichypothalamo-hypophyseal ovarian axis. Type I diabetes also affects ovarian function (1,2). Hyperglycemia has been proposed to be a major contributing factor in the development of many of the complications of diabetes during pregnancy, in particular accelerated fetal growth .Because of the facilitative nature of transplacental glucose transport, maternal hyperglycemia results in elevated fetal glucose levels, which in turn stimulates fetal insulin release .Type 1 diabetes suggests a complex relationship between metabolic disturbance and fetal growth during pregnancy (3). The teratological processes in diabetic pregnancy are not completely understood .In recent years, however, a putative excess of reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been observed in studies during which diabetes-induced embryopathy was blocked by antioxidants in vitro and vivo (4). The aims of study: Since oxidative stress is an important pathway for fetal injury, we examine in alloxan induced diabetic pregnant rats embryopathy whether folic acid and n-acetyl cysteine supplementation would affect the teratological impact of maternal diabetic in vivo. Effect of Folic Acid, N-acetyl Cysteine and Insulin and Their Combinations ... 41 Materials and Methods Adult female albino rats Rattus norvegicus bred in the animal house of Biology Dept/.College of science/University of Salahaddin .192 healthy pregnant rats weight about (200-250) gram were used in this study .The animals were housed in plastic cages bedded with wooden chips .The animals were housed under standard laboratory conditions 12 h light :12 h dark photoperiod, 20-24 C, (5). The animals were given standard rat pellets and tap water ad libitum. Diabetes was induced by a single subcutaneous injection of 100 mg/kg body weight of alloxan monohydrate (BDH Chemical Ltd . England) dissolved in citrate buffer (pH=4.5) immediately before injection .The control animals received citrate buffer only (6). Alloxan treated animals were allowed to drink 5 %of D-Glucose (Merck KGG, a Damstadt Germany) overnight to prevent the potentially fatal hypoglycemia occurring as a result of massive insulin release following alloxan injection (7). Diabetes mellitus was confirmed in rats by testing for blood glucose level using indicator sticks (Accu-check Roche Dignostics GmbH, Manahem, Germany) and the rats were considered as alloxan induced diabetes rats (8). Symptoms of diabetes were observed within three days of alloxan injection. The period of gestation was about 22 days, which was subdivided into three periods (1-7, 8-14 and 15-22 days). Design of experiment: In all subgroups, normal female rats about 200-250g body weight mated with normal male. Then 0 day of gestation was detected by vaginal plug detection, and then divided to eight subgroups for each week: NAC Folate Insulin Alloxan Control negative Control positive 100mg/kg Folate (250mg/kg)+insulin 100mg/kg 4 IU/kg/day 250mg.kg with diet Folate (7.5mg/kg/day)+ insulin 100mg/kg 4 IU/kg/day 7.5 mg/kg/day injection Folate 100mg/kg 250mg.kg with diet Insulin 100mg/kg 4 IU/kg/day NAC+insulin 100mg/kg 4 IU/kg/day 0.1% NAC 100mg/kg 0.1% At the end of each experiment, the rats were anesthetized with ketamine hydrochloride 100mg/kg. Uterine samples were removed from the anesthetized animal. All samples were processed for light microscopy by embedding in Bouin's solution (70 ml of picric acid, 30 ml of 10% formalin and 5 ml of glacial acetic acid) (9 & 10). Lana Sardar Salih & Kusai A .Al-Chaladi & Hamad Jandari Jamma 42 Results and Discussion The uteri of alloxan treated pregnant rats during the first week of gestation showed enlargement due to deposition of fibrous tissue which leads to narrowing of the uterine cavity (Fig. 1). It has been shown that pregnant diabetes women have thicker endometrium than that of a healthy women (11). In this study the embryos at early stage of development were seen implanted in the uterine wall. These results in consistence with Padmanabhan and Shafiullah, (2001) (12) who has found perivascular fibrosis and eosinophilic mass, which they represent fetal growth retardation in a streptozotocin induced diabetes in rats (control). In comparison, the uteri of normal pregnant rats and for same period showed normal histology, consisting of endometrium, myometrium and serosa (Fig. 2). At the second week of gestation we observed implantation in the uterine wall. In comparison, sections of the uteri of normal pregnant rats showed the presence of thin-walled cavities that represent implantation sites. At the third week of gestation, the uteri showed more mature embryos compared to that of the earlier stages (Fig. 3). Well grown embryo with normal brain observed in uteri of the pregnant normal rats (Fig. 4). Examined sections of the uteri of pregnant diabetic rats that were treated with folic acid (250mg/kg) and insulin, during the first week of gestation showed extensive hyperplasia of the epithelium in the endometrium with heavy infiltration of the uterine wall by eosinphilic cells (Fig. 5). At the second week of gestation, narrowing cavity was seen due to epithelial hyperplasia and thickening of the wall of the uterus. Enlargement of uterus or hyperplasia especially in the endometrium during gestation due to elevated hormone levels (13). Growing embryos were seen implanted inside membranes within the uterine wall. Similar changes were seen at the third week of gestation but the embryos, were more mature and well grown (Fig. 6). Sections of uteri of pregnant diabetic rats that received folic acid (7.5mg/kg) and insulin showed narrowing of the uterine cavity at the first week of gestation due to thickening of all layers of the uterine wall. Implanted material was seen in the uterine wall. Similar changes were observed during the second week of gestation and the embryos were seen to be more mature (Fig. 7). At the third week of gestation, there were thickening of the uterine wall, endomaterial hyperplasia and the presence of some tissue debris in the cavity. The group of pregnant rats which received folic acid during first week of gestation, there were narrowing of uterine cavity, endomaterial hyperplasia and the infiltration of rounded cells in the mucosal layer (Fig. 8). At the second week there were endomaterial hyperplasia, increased thickening of the uterine wall (due to fibrosis), and the presence Effect of Folic Acid, N-acetyl Cysteine and Insulin and Their Combinations ... 43 of many embryos embedded in the uterine wall. Similar changes were seen during the third week of this study and embryos were seen to be more grown as indicated by the neural tube. Sections from the uteri of pregnant diabetic rats treated with insulin alone at the first week of gestation, showed thickening of the uterine wall (due to fibrosis) and narrowing of the uterine cavity. Enlargement of uterus or hyperplasia especially in the endometrium during gestation is probably increased hormone levels (13). At the second week, there was more narrowing of the uterine cavity due to increased thickness of the uteri


Abstract Falls from height (FFH) are considered the most dangerous accident in the global construction industry, especially in emerging economies like Saudi Arabia. This study investigates the causative factors responsible for FFH accidents in the construction industry in Saudi Arabia. The approach used by the study entailed a review of the extant literature to identify the main causes of FFH accidents. The identified causes were used to develop a questionnaire survey, which was administered to construction professionals in Saudi Arabia. Useable feedback from ninety-one responses was obtained and consequently analysed using the Relative Agreement Index (RAI). The results revealed that the top three causes include "lack of training", "no safety inspection", and "no safety meeting and seminar between stakeholders". The causes were also categorized into three groups including "unsafe acts", "unsafe conditions", "communication barriers", and "management commitment", where "unsafe acts" was the most influential category. The significance of this study is its potential to help control the occurrence of FFH in the construction industry through the adoption of relevant controls, safety training, and risk-based decision-making in the planning and execution of construction works.


Interdisciplinarity evidences the relations among different disciplines, reflecting  an accurately  scientific conception of the world, which shows how the phenomena don´t exist separately and when they are interrelated by means of the content, it is designed an interpellation, interaction and dependence chart of the devepment of the world. Interdisciplinarity essentially consists of a work taking into account the interaction of the scientific disciplines, their concepts, directrixes, methodology, procedures, their data and the organization of teaching. It constitutes a didactic condition and a requirement for the fulfillment of the scientific character of teaching.
Knowledge without linkage among themselves break the conscious understanding of the knowledge and the abilities. To achieve an adequate relation among the different disciplines that form the curriculum influences in the logical increase of the effectiveness of teaching in quantitative and qualitative terms, it means the best preparation of the students, at the same time it demands great preparation of the academic staff. This work pretends to demonstrate the great value that interdisciplinarity has in the teaching-learning process of the English language.


Abstract of the dissertation ?Exploring adamantane-like scaffolds for a wide range of therapeutic targets? For over eighty years, adamantane ring has interested organic chemists for its simplicity and symmetry. The rigid tricyclo[220.127.116.11,7]decane skeleton has provided a unique structural template for evaluating important theoretical concepts in chemistry. The physical and chemical properties of the adamantane nucleus have largely overshadowed the structure?s contribution to the discovery of human therapeutics. Nevertheless its application in medicinal chemistry has become more and more significant in the last decades, where the adamantane ring was identified as a key structural subunit in several synthetic drugs for multiple targets. Adamantane is often considered as providing just the critical lipophilicity readily available as an add-on for known pharmacophoric units. Although its valuable contribution to medicinal sciences, adamantane ring can lead to solubility and stability problems which compromise the pharmacokinetic profile of the potential drug. Hence many research teams have worked out alternatives on adamantyl-based compounds in order to avert these issues, especially by attaching polar groups at key positions. In the last few years, the research group of Dr. Santiago Vazquez from University of Barcelona has developed new polycyclic scaffolds as surrogates of the adamantane group with encouraging results in multiple targets. So far, we have synthesized ring-contracted, ring-expanded and oxa analogues of the drugs amantadine, rimantadine and memantine with anti-influenza, NMDA receptor antagonist and trypanocidal activities, proving the capacity of these polycycles to substitute the adamantane ring. As described previously, the replacement of the adamantane ring with other polycyclic scaffolds can lead to compounds with better pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic profiles. In particular, my Ph.D. research has focused mainly on the substitution of the adamantane moiety in inhibitors of different targets. 1) NMDA receptor antagonists: design, synthesis, pharmacological evaluation and electrophysiological studies of new compounds. 2) 11s-HSD1: design, synthesis, pharmacological evaluation and computational studies of new compounds. 3) Soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitors: design, synthesis, pharmacological evaluation and in vitro cellular studies of new compounds. From the results of this dissertation, we have confirmed the ability of the new scaffolds to replace the adamantane nucleus with successful outcomes. The work derived from this thesis have been published in peer scientific journals, as well as in two different patent applications.


Administrating a data warehouse becomes a crucial issue compare to traditional databases. During the administration phase, data warehouse administrator shall establish several choices. These choices may concern optimisation techniques, selection algorithms of these techniques and their parameters, attributes and tables used by some techniques (such as indexing and partitioning). Note that optimization techniques evolve since data warehouse dynamically changes during its lifetime. These changes necessitate a tuning phase so as to keep the performance ofwarehouse from degrading. In this paper, we firstly, show difficulties that administrator has during her/his administration and tuning tasks. Secondly, we propose a tuning method based on horizontal partitioning and bitmap join indexes. Finally, we present a tool advising the administrator in an interactive way to realise his/her tasks.


University management requires accurate and fast academic reports that make it easier to make strategic decisions and in order to improve the quality of education. Therefore we need a tool that can monitor, evaluate and measure the performance of universities. A common problem is that there is a lot of academic data stored but to present it in reports at the time of evaluating academic activities is difficult and takes a long time. Academic evaluation can be presented with a dashboard so that it becomes easy for decision making. Dashboard is a page that shows graphs as KPIs (Key Performance Indicators) of an organization and provides all the important measurements needed to make key executive decision making. Universities in Indonesia report data on students, lecturers and lecture activities to the PDDIKTI (Higher Education Database). The data contained in the PDDIKTI Feeder is made an academic Dashboard in the form of visualization to assist and support decision making at the academic level and also to monitor using KPI as an evaluation. With the existence of an academic dashboard based on KPI, the presentation of reports becomes faster and easier to understand because it is in the form of visuals and indicators to find out what things need to be improved and the extent to which the achievements of each academic component are used as benchmarks in submitting study program accreditation.


ABSTRACT The composition of a snake assemblage from an orographic island in east-central Argentina, the Sierras de Ventania mountain chain, was analyzed. The aim was to determine the biogeographic resemblance to other snake assemblages from neighboring regions. Species composition of each region was obtained from an exhaustive review of the literature, and both fieldwork and museum records. The higher biogeographic resemblance of the Sierras de Ventania occurred with the Sierras de Tandilia and the Coastal Dunes. These regions formed a well-defined group according to their snake assemblages. On the other hand, the Sierras de Lihué Calel linked to the Sierras de Ventania, and also to the rest of the compared regions, at very low values of biogeographic resemblance. The results obtained in this study contrasted with the classic zoogeographic scheme. Snake assemblages allowed recognizing a more significant division between Central and Pampean domains. In this scheme, the limit between these two regions moved to the southwest of the classical scheme; therefore the Sierras de Ventania was part of the Pampean domain. Also, the recognition of the Subtropical domain was evident, as well as its faunistic link with the Pampean domain.


OBJECTIVE
To provide a FT-IR new method to identify different habitats of Solanum lyratum.

METHODS
Analyzed FT-IR patterns of Solanum lyratum from different habitats, and the similarity of different fingerprint patterns was calculated and analyzed according to the wave numbers of peaks searched.

RESULTS
Obtained the different FT-IR pattern of 5 different habitats of Solanum lyraturn.

CONCLUSION
This method can be used for identifications on different habitats of Solanum lyratum. The results of similarity calculation further prove the feasibility of this method.


We write in response to the recent article by van Velzen et al. (2016), likely for the same reason that inspired the authors: the widely held view that the brain plays a key role in complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS), a view that has triggered the development of novel treatment strategies (Moseley and Flor, 2012). This is a complex area – we are yet to elucidate the central nervous system mechanisms that might play a role in this disorder and the van Velzen et al. paper makes an important contribution. The study by van Velzen et al. compared grey matter volume, white matter connectivity and function in the resting state between adult women with upper-limb CRPS and healthy controls. They used contemporary, robust statistical methods and found no difference between groups in total or local (sensorimotor cortex) grey matter volume, or in white matter connectivity. This is enlightening; it is always promising to see publication of 'negative' findings. Furthermore, while van Velzen et al. found betweengroup differences in the functional resting state, they urged caution in interpreting these differences, on the basis of both statistical issues and the lack of correlation of imaging results with clinical parameters. We applaud this honest and unbiased interpretation. But were the right questions asked? In their introduction, the authors refer to reports of cortical sensorimotor reorganization of the affected (Maih€ ofner et al., 2003, 2007; Pleger et al., 2006) and unaffected (Di Pietro et al., 2015) limbs in CRPS. We find this perplexing because the studies to which they refer were functional investigations of the spatial representation of the limb, generated via a task or by delivering a stimulus; van Velzen et al. conducted a structural and resting state investigation. The authors stated that their voxel-based morphometry analysis of the sensorimotor cortex was "in an attempt to replicate recent findings in this brain area that is thought to be of high importance in CRPS aetiology" (p.2). They cited the study of Pleger et al. (2014) (which, incidentally, yielded evidence of changes to M1, but not S1, structure) and also our two systematic reviews of S1 and M1 in CRPS. However, our reviews evaluated function in the respective brain areas (Di Pietro et al., 2013a,b). The observation by van Velzen et al. of "absence of anticipated changes in somatosensory areas" (p. 10) is therefore not surprising –we contend that these structural changes should not have been anticipated on the basis of the extant literature. Furthermore, we argue that the state of evidence concerning the potential importance of functional changes in the sensorimotor cortex for CRPS aetiology and maintenance, is therefore unaffected by these new structural data. Importantly, therapeutic strategies targeting socalled maladaptive neuroplasticity in CRPS were based on evidence of functional, not structural, changes. There are data, both in CRPS and other pathological pain conditions, to support the effect of Graded Motor Imagery training (Bowering et al., 2013) – although whether it is effective when integrated with other treatments remains unresolved (Johnson et al., 2012; Bowering, 2013) – and tactile discrimination training (Moseley and Wiech, 2009) for instance (for review of treatments see Moseley and Flor (2012)). That the mechanisms underlying functional alterations are as yet unknown remains a legitimate driver of further work. It seems logical to remain interested in the spatial representation of the CRPS-affected part in both S1 and M1 given what is known about the role of the sensorimotor cortex in body representation and perception (Lotze and Moseley, 2007; Moseley et al., 2012), and the abnormal perceptions displayed by CRPS sufferers – for instance perceiving a limb to be bigger than it is (Moseley, 2005); limb-specific (Schwoebel et al., 2001; Moseley, 2004) and side-specific (Reid et al., 2016) deficits in motor imagery; and limb-specific deficits in tactile discrimination (Lewis and Schweinhardt, 2012). To conclude, van Velzen et al. provide us with compelling reasons to question whether total and


This study explores the academic needs of undergraduate students of Garment Manufacturing and Yarn Manufacturing at National Textile University, Faisalabad. A questionnaire has been designed to determine students" linguistic needs. The teachers are also asked about the students" needs. The questionnaire obtains the teachers and the students" preferences for learning language


Three diploid red clover cultivars—Sabtoron, Violetta and Essex—and three tetraploid, Hungaropoly, Teroba and Red Head, were sown separately in pure culture and with each of three companion grasses: timothy (Aberystwyth S48), tall fescue (Aberystwyth S170) and perennial ryegrass (Aberystwyth S24).

The effects of fertilizer N on yield and on clover/grass ratio over a 2-year period (seventh and eighth harvest years) subsequent to 6 harvest years during which no N fertilizer was applied were investigated. The data for productivity and persistence have already been published (McBratney, 1981; 1984).

Application of fertilizer N increased DM yields in the eighth year. In this year, the highest yield, 11·9t ha-1, averaged over the six clover cultivars, was given in association with tall fescue. Tall fescue contributed 90% of this yield. Clover content continued to decrease in all swards but the decrease was greatest in the swards receiving fertilizer N. The yield of clover DM averaged over the six cultivars under N treatment declined from 5·6t ha-1 in the seventh year to only 0·4t ha-1 in the eighth year.

The results from this trial demonstrate the potential of red clover sown either pure or in mixture with a suitable perennial grass, to maintain high output of quality herbage over a 6-year period without the aid of fertilizer N. They further demonstrate that following decline in red clover content, both herbage yield and quality may be restored by the application of N fertilizer, particularly where the clover was seeded with a highly productive companion grass.


Bailor, Jr. et al., Comprehensive Inorganic Chemistry, 1972, p. 345. Horovitz et al., Scandium Its Occurance, Chemistry, Physics, Metallurgy, Biology and Technology, 1975, p. 156. "Crystal structure of particles in internally oxidized nickel alloys' by Alenkin et al., Fiz. Met. Metalloved, 41(2)375-81, 1976. Primary Examiner-John Doll Assistant Examiner-Steven J. Bos Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Oblon, Spivak, McClelland, Maier and Neustadt


Physical/biochemical processes are designed for specific detention time. The control of detention time is not difficult in a batch reactor but in a continuous flow reactor, the flow distribution pattern makes it difficult to have flow through time matching with hydraulic detention time. Every modification of the reactors configuration required the construction of a modified physical model and maintenance of desired/ designed detention time. For efficiency of reactors, it is important to choose the L: B ratio appropriately further the volume of dead zone needs to be kept to a minimum. Effective detention time can also be enhanced through the use of baffles. In the present study, flow analysis of rectangular baffled reactor through differently modified hanging baffles is studied using computational fluid dynamics software. Of the four models, the 1st model reactor contains normal hanging angled baffle, 2nd model reactor contains baffles having 15 mm horizontal straightener, 3rd. model having  baffles having side steps like structure and 4th model contain straight baffles having 15  mm  horizontal straightener. In each case flow pattern are considered and dead zones, velocity vector, turbulent kinetic energy, streamlines and velocity contours are analyzed. Each model is made run with two different velocity magnitudes i.e. 0.07cm/s and 0.14 cm/s hence the discharges are 10 liters per hour and 20 liters per hour. In model 1st and model 4th  streamlines and velocity vectors are observed in the maximum  area of the reactor which means the effective volume of the reactor is utilized and hence an increase in efficiency of the reactor, also the up-flow velocity in these two reactors are within specific range. Observed results would be helpful in further future design improvement of the anaerobic Baffled reactor.


The introduction of hydrogen water into the diet of cage-bred Chincilla lanigera (long-tailed chinchilla) was found to affect the morphometric parameters of their adrenal glands. Thus, the adrenal glands of the experimental group were more compact, with their absolute and relative mass being less than that in intact animals. The thickness of the adrenal cortex in the experimental group significantly decreased due to all layers, including the fascicular layer, producing glucocorticoids. The prolonged use of the hydrogen antioxidant reduced the impact of stress in cage-bred animals and had a positive effect on their life indicators.


In recent year, along with the grading up of living standard and increase of free time, interests have become more concentrated whole through the nation on substantial improvement of living environment and creation of comfortable and attractive cities. To answer to these tendencies, various policies have been taken to promote tree-planting campaign and protect the green in and around the cities. As part of this movement, evaluation has been made on the various functions and effects which the green belt in the city have. The green belts of cities have diversified functions like environment mitigation functions such as mitigation of weather conditions, dust prevention, wind breaking and noise prevention, disaster prevention functions such as prevention of run-off of sand prevention of flood, water resouce preservation function to control water volume, recreational function, scenic function to form the scenery of cities. Natural and social conditions are used to evaluate them, but the volume of these data is huge. Mesh data have been mainly used in the conventional method to evaluate the function of green belts, and much time and labor have been consumed for the construction of original mesh data to be used as the base of it. Furthermore, the evaluation was possible only for a micro-sized area because of the size of mesh to be used. Therefore, we tried to build up an evaluation system which enables to evaluate green belts by an easy operation by converting the huge volume of evaluation factor data into image database. The following is the report of a part of our study.


Article history: Received 25 March 2017 Received in revised form 2 May 2017 Accepted 18 May 2017 This study investigates and explores the relationship between wheat crop yield, area under wheat crop, and agricultural gross domestic product (GDP) in Pakistan. Times series data from 1970–2015 were used in this study. The Phillips-Perron unit root test was used to check the stationarity of the data. The Johansen cointegration test was performed to evaluate the long-term relationships between the dependent and independent variables. An econometric ordinary least square method was applied to estimate the relationship between wheat crop yield, area under wheat crop, and agricultural GDP. The results of the Johansen cointegration test revealed a long-term relationship between the variables. The regression results indicate that wheat crop yield has a positive and significant relationship with agricultural GDP, while the area under wheat crop has a negative relationship with agricultural GDP.


The two major typographic errors of any language are non-word errors and real-word errors. The researchers have worked rigorously for the former error but the latter has not been given the much attention all this while. In this paper, a technique to identify the real-word error of Hindi language has been proposed which combines the bigram, trigram and confusion set (CS) methods. Left bigrams, right bigramsand trigrams are calculated by taking in to account the immediate left, immediate right word with the Hindi test word and the immediate left, the Hindi test word and the immediate right word respectively. A group of most confusable words is created using Levenstein edit distance method. After that, a composite score is calculated for all the members of the CS using bigram and trigram probabilities. The calculated composite score is used to prepare the suggestion list for the erroneous word. A Hindi text file of 2000 words has been used to evaluate and verify the proposed method which offers considerably good results. It gives the precision, recall and F-score as .70-.75, .80-.85 and .70-.80 respectively. In futhure, the research can be done to improve the reseults by considering the whole sentence at once.


This paper mitigates previous evidence of out-performance of sin stocks – stocks of companies involved in producing tobacco, alcohol and gaming – on the U.S. market. It has been shown empirically that sin stocks earn an abnormal risk-adjusted return compared to industries with similar characteristics. Based on a conditional analysis accounting for different business conditions, I invalidate this hypothesis by first testing a conditional model using different macroeconomic variables and second by looking at earnings growth over expansion and recession periods. Thus, even though sin stocks are unique because of the addictive nature of sin consumption, they are only as recession-proof as some other industry-comparable stocks. However, I find evidence that sin stocks still outperform the overall market during bad times, meaning that socially responsible investors pay a financial cost when avoiding these stocks because of social and ethical criteria.


Ketapang Village, precisely in Susukan subdistrict, has been a village which has high potential to develop organic farming. The development points to the likelihood that welfare might be imporoved. However, a couple of problems might be faced by the farmers. It comprises of: agricultural land, nature, society, and science technology.
Aims of this study were: (i) to analyze the conditions of geographical, economic, and social cultural; (ii) to explain the agricultural land, nature, society, and science technology in organic rice farming; (iii) to explain the role of social capital in overcoming the problems of organic rice farming; and (iv) to construct an economic model based on organic agricultural institutional of social capital. Qualitative approach is employed to explore the study The data is used in this research was primary and secondary data. The primary data was obtained through interviews, documentation, and observation of organic rice farming and social capital in Ketapang Village. The secondary data was obtained through documents related to the organic rice farming, institutional economics, and social capital, such as the literature study from scientific publications and data from the BPS.
The results of this research showed: (i) an inquiry to the conditions of geographical, economic, social cultural in Ketapang village which supports the development of organic agriculture; (ii) that agricultural land, nature, society, and science and technology are major problems in the development of organic farming; (iii) that social capital comes in the form of values, norms, beliefs, and social networks which play important role in overcoming problems of agricultural land, nature, society, and science and technology in the development of organic agriculture; and (iv) that institutional economies of organic farming based on social capital in Ketapang Village is based on four important points, which are the stakeholders, institutional aspects in developing Organic Agriculture (formal and informal rules), development of social capital based organic agriculture, and the goals to be achieved (economic, social, and environmental).


The paper under discussion stated in the "Data" subsection that the authors have compiled 347 pile group (PG) scour data points from 20 sources, and the sources are cited in that section. However, the database size is inconsistent. From the 20 sources cited in the original paper, by excluding Sheppard (2003) and Moreno et al. (2016), the remaining 18 sources have 310 data points, which can be verified by checking the database compilation of Amini Baghbadorani et al. (2017) and its supplementary spreadsheet. Sheppard (2003) presents 6 PG data points, 3 of which are shared with Smith (1999), and Moreno et al. (2016) presents 1 PG data point. Consequently, the 20 sources cited in the original paper have 317 data points, which is less than 347 points mentioned in their work. These problems would have been avoided if the authors had cited the database of Amini Baghbadorani et al. (2017), which contains 365 pile group scour data.


This chapter examines specific trade legislation issued by the crown to control the trade in Panama between 1700 and 1750. The crown's main objective was to reduce contraband and increase tax collection. The Panamanian cases discussed in the chapter shows that local authorities and others referred to different bodies of law to defend their own interests, which were not always the 'just' resolution of the dispute. Moreover, the cases also show that the crown was, at least until 1739, ready to be flexible and agree with some of the Spanish-American claims, relegating their own interests, as long as there was some revenue coming in. After that date, the crown and its representative in Panama, the governor, became more successful in controlling trade by maintaining flexibility but being more assertive and insistent. Keywords: contraband; legal flexibility; Panama city merchants; Spanish-American claims; tax collection; trade control; trade legislation


Let be an integral and nondegenerate variety. Let be the minimal integer such that is the -secant variety of , that is, the minimal integer such that for a general there is with and , where is the linear span. Here we prove that for every there is a zero-dimensional scheme such that and ; we may take as union of points and tangent vectors of .


Statistically well-documented sequences of fossil species are rare, as has been observed, for example, by Eldredge and Gould (1972), Boucot (1978) and Dodson and Hallam (1977). Rapid advances in theoretical paleontology made over the last few years have, however, made it imperative that the many new and exciting theories we now have at our disposal be tested against real data (Maynard Smith, 1981). Although suitable data should be available from several sources, it seems that the most likely area for providing good study material is that of micropaleontology. The present paper summarizes the results of mainly genetically oriented statistical analyses of borehole samples of the Cretaceous bolivinid foraminifer Afrobolivina afra Reyment, a species which has been well studied in several connections (Reyment, 1959, 1966, 1980; Castelain et al., 1962; Campbell and Reyment, 1978; Campbell, 1979; Reyment and Reyment, 1979; Campbell and Reyment, 1980). Although these contributions are of significance for the present account, the results given here are new. The quantitative-genetic analysis of the present data owes much to the research of Lande (1976, 1979, 1980b), who has demonstrated how the principles of Falconer (1960) can, in some cases, be successfully adapted for models framed in terms of the evolution of the average phenotype in a population by natural selection and genetic drift. The intent of the present paper is to attempt to apply quantitative-genetic reasoning to the interpretation of morphologic changes in an evolutionary series and to search for eventual interactions between the average phenotype of the organism and the paleoenvironment. It is shown that phenotypic variation in characters of the foraminiferal test is closely associated with fluctuations in the paleoenvironment, as evidenced in the properties of the fossil substrate. These environmental variations seem to have been caused by epicontinental transgressions and regressions. The analysis points to regionally valid weak selective effects as having brought about the morphological changes in the foraminifer, the influence of which seems to have been heightened by the ecophenotypic reaction of the test to the environment; random genetic drift does not appear to have been of first-order importance. Variation in the size of the proloculus of megalospheric individuals is shown to be connected with population density and certain chemical elements. Obviously, quantitative-genetic principles can only be applied to fossil material in a tentative manner and it is important that the limitations of this approach be recognized. The present study should therefore be seen as one possible interpretation of the observed sequence of morphologic changes, and not the only one.


The effects of interlayer polarization in the preparation of electret are studied in this paper. We have deeply discussed several different samples by different ways, which is meaningful for the research of mini electret devices.


The design of interactive websites using PHP is characterized by facilities that allow visitors to interact with the conduct ordering goods. PD. Hady Beef website is expected to provide an easy way for owners to promote their business, and can pro- vide useful information to the community, because all the in- formation about PD. Hady Beef can be directly viewed from this website. Bibliography (2003-2008)


The Moon displays a number of hemispherically asymmetric features that may be related to long‐wavelength structure and dynamics in the lunar mantle. Here we propose to use observations of the non‐degree‐2 gravitational response of the Moon to degree‐2 tidal forcing to constrain the long‐wavelength lunar mantle structure. For a planetary body with laterally varying structure, degree‐2 tidal forces excite gravitational response at non‐degree‐2 harmonics due to mode coupling effects. Using a new numerical model, we determine that for a lunar mantle with ∼5% hemispherical variations in seismic shear wave velocityVs, the degree‐3 response could reach ∼2% of the degree‐2 response. The larger the hemispherical variations inVs, the larger the degree‐3 response. We suggest that if observations from recent lunar missions such as SELENA and GRAIL could be used to determine the non‐degree‐2 tidal response, it might be possible to place constraints on the lunar mantle structure.


Clinical pharmacists must often interpret and use data derived from observational studies when making clinical decisions and recommendations, answering drug information questions, and educating patients about drug therapy. This is the third article in a three‐part series intended to enhance clinical pharmacists' understanding of methods frequently used in such research and their application to patient care. Principles for critical evaluation of published observational studies are presented. Issues of bias and confounding that must be taken into account when assessing the data derived from observational studies are explained. Finally, examples of applications in pharmacy practice are presented.


Kyburg goes half-way towards objective Bayesianism. He accepts that frequencies constrain rational belief to an interval but stops short of isolating an optimal degree of belief within this interval. I examine the case for going the whole hog.


A comprehensive view of the plays of August Wilson. It looks at their thematic structure, places them within the context of American drama, and examines the distinctively African American experiences they dramatize. There are chapters on Fences and The Piano Lesson.


The heat transfer model of underground vertical buried tube heat exchanger was built with considering the heat transfer characteristics of U-tubes ground heat exchanger of ground-source heat pump.Then influences of the system operating time and borehole's backfill material on the soil temperature field were analyzed.The research results may provide a guidance in the design of ground coupled heat pump systems.


The simulation of the synthesis process of the n-butyl Acetate was calculated.The reaction distillation technique was selected.The sulfuric acid was replaced by strong acid cation exchange resin.The reaction and separation was completed in the same time in the reactive distillation column,which replaced the original step-by-step process.The high purity N-Butyl Acetate could be continuously produced with 99.9%.


The data of energy consumption structure belongs to compositional data. The traditional prediction model is difficult to realize the effective prediction of the data series of energy consumption structure, especially the energy consumption structure prediction problem based on the characteristics of poor information that lacks an effective model. The modified Fourier-Markov GM (1,1) model proposed in this paper can effectively predict and analyze the development trend of China's energy consumption system structure. Considering the transformation processing method of component data, a group of ordinary series is generated by coordinate transformation, and then the GM (1,1) model is constructed to predict the system structure. The model is used to predict the development trend of energy consumption system structure in the next few years, and to provide suggestions for possible problems, such as advocating energy conservation and emission reduction, promoting energy diversification, improving energy-related technologies, and implementing energy policies and regulations.


This article describes an application of computer technology to the retraining of inservice teachers. The obvious advantages of the CAI mobile system are its inherent interactive quality and the flexibility of scheduling made available to inservice educators. Preliminary follow-up evaluation results show that teachers find the content useful and would be willing to take additional courses by CAI. It is estimated that a single mobile van can facilitate 1500 course completions annually at a cost of approximately $120 per course for a rented computer or $53 per course for an owned computer.


Anthropogenic emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) levelled out in 2016, but have since begun to increase again. This continued increase in anthropogenic emissions means that it is now critical to monitor ocean carbon uptake. This long-term uptake of carbon dioxide (CO2) by the oceans is reducing the ocean pH, a process commonly known as ocean acidification. The uptake is also altering the ocean chemistry and ecology, impacting marine ecosystems on which we rely. Recent work has begun to investigate the use of satellite Earth observation, exploiting empirical methods and salinity and sea surface temperature data, to monitor surface-ocean carbonate chemistry. These techniques complement in situ approaches by enabling the first synoptic-scale observation-based assessments of the global oceans and are particularly well suited to monitoring large episodic events. The nine year time series (May 2010-present) of observations of ocean salinity from space now provides the potential for time series analyses.


This paper is a belated tribute to George J. Apel, Jr., an innovative and obscure Christian higher educator. Peruse the name and subject indices of any and all books about Christian higher education, and nowhere will there appear even a reference to George J. Apel, Jr. Although Apel never finished high school or college, he was awarded an honorary doctorate in Sacred Theology for his accomplishments in Christian higher education. This paper deals primarily with his single most outstanding educational accomplishment (and failure): the University Foundation in St. Augustine, Florida. The foundation was a Christian higher education endeavor conceptualized and implemented by Apel for delivering liberal arts and theological education through residency and nonresidency, credit-accruing, accredited course work. The foundation included the St. Augustine Junior College, a graduate school, the American Theological Seminary, and an extension program via correspondence, all housed in the former Kirkside residence of the nineteenth−century oil magnate Henry Morrison Flagler. The foundation completed its short run in 1949 and has now been superseded by the Saint Augustine Bible Institute & College.


The main-belt asteroid 4 Vesta is the putative parent body of the howardite, eucrite, and diogenite (HED) meteorites. Because these achondrites have similar petrology, geochemistry, chronology, and O-isotope compositions, it is thought that most HEDs originated from a single parent body. The connection to Vesta is supported by a close spectroscopic match between Vesta and the HEDs and a credible mechanism for their delivery to Earth. Studies of the HEDs show that Vesta underwent igneous differentiation, forming a Fe-rich core, ultramafic mantle, and basaltic crust. Here we present the results of peak analyses applied to a gamma ray difference spectrum to determine the absolute abundances of K and Th. Data are compared to meteorite whole-rock compositions and other inner solar system bodies. The results, while preliminary, represent our present best estimates for these elements. Because the element signatures are near detection limits and not fully resolved, further analysis (e.g. using spectral unmixing) will be required for improved accuracy and to characterize systematic errors.


Cholesterol‐ and sphingolipid‐rich membrane microdomains (lipid rafts) are widely recognized as portals for pathogenic micro‐organisms. A growing body of evidence demonstrates mobilization of host plasma cell membrane lipid rafts towards the site of contact with several pathogens as well as a strict dependence on cholesterol for appropriate internalization. The fate of lipid rafts once the pathogen has been internalized and the nature of the pathogen components that interact with them is however less understood. To address both these issues, infection of the J774 murine cell line with Mycobacterium avium was used as a model. After demonstrating that M. avium induces lipid raft mobilization and that M. avium infects J774 by a cholesterol‐dependent mechanism, it is shown here that mycobacterial phagosomes harbour lipid rafts, which are, at least in part, of plasma cell membrane origin. On the other hand, by using latex microbeads coated with any of the three fractions of M. avium‐derived lipids of different polarity, we provide evidence that high‐polarity, in contrast to low‐polarity and intermediate‐polarity, mycobacterial lipids or uncoated latex beads have a strong capacity to induce lipid raft mobilization. These results suggest that high‐polarity mycobacterial lipid(s) interact with host cell cholesterol‐enriched microdomains which may in turn influence the course of infection.


Qualitative migration researchers today often use one or more of three concepts – mobility, transnationalism and integration – to make sense of the complexities of contemporary migrants' lives. Collectively, researchers identify these as the three fundamental characteristics of migranthood. Being a migrant is about, for example, planning return visits, maintaining (or not maintaining) relations with people in the sending country or being preoccupied with learning to speak the receiving-society majority language. Qualitative interviewing suggests that each migrant is uniquely situated along various mobility, transnational and integration continuums. Migrants have many social identities as well as migranthood and the existence of these other, intersecting, social identities (such as social class, lifestage and gender) helps to determine their location on the continuums: for example, how often they are mobile and how much they can be mobile. The article draws on interviews in Poland with Ukrainians and Polish return migrants to show how (former) migrants conceptualise shared Ukrainian-Polish migranthood along these three continuums.


The aim of this study was to determine the estrus cycle and the length of estrus in Tragulus javanicuson the basis of its vaginal cytology. Vaginal swabs were collected daily at 7 am for two months. Smears ofthe swab were then prepared on glass slide and they were stained with Giemsa. Vaginal epithelial cells;parabasal, intermediet and superficial cells were counted and their percentages during proestrus, estrusand diestrus were determined. Diestrus was characterized by the absent of superficial cells in the vaginalepithel. Proestrus was characterized by the progressive increase in percentage of intermediet/superficialcells in vaginal epithel, whereas estrus was characterized by the presence of superficial/cornification cellsin most vaginal epithel. On the basis of its vaginal cytology, it was determined that the estrous period offemale Tragulus javanicus was 3 days (48-60 h) and the length was 11 days (10-14 day). The change in thecytology of vaginal epithelial cells appeared to a good marker to determine the estrus cycle phase of theTragulus javanicus


Objective To evaluate the applied value superparamagnetic Ferric Oxide oral contrast agent in the dignosis of MR forstomach.Methods Ferric Oxide Suspension was administered before MR scanning of stomach in 36 cases,ranged in age form 21 to 60 years old.MR findings were analysed.Results The fullness of stomach was 100% after administration of Ferric Oxide Suspension.Stomach canal appeared as negative contrast in all MR sequences,the relation between lesions in stomach and around tissue were clearly showed.During MRCP,it could restrict the high signal in stomach canal.Conclusion Oral Ferric Oxide Suspension as contrast agent during MR examination of stomach is easily accepted by patients,it is a safe and steady negative contrast agent for gastrointestinal MR examination.


The present work describes the development of Mn1–xMxCr2O4 (M = Mg, Ca; x = 0–0.1) substituted spinel catalysts prepared via gel combustion synthesis for the low-temperature selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx with NH3. The catalysts have been characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and temperature programmed reduction (TPR) analyses, whereas their catalytic activity has been tested in a temperature programmed reaction (TPRe) apparatus over a temperature range of 100–200 °C (W/F = 0.072 g·s·cm–3) in the presence of oxygen. The catalytic activity of alkali earth-metal substituted Mn–Cr spinels is compared with that of the stoichiometric MnCr2O4 in order to assess the effect of the substitutions. All the spinel catalysts have shown both high NO conversion and high selectivity to N2. Mn0.95Ca0.05Cr2O4 has shown the best performance, reaching an NO conversion of 96% and a selectivity to N2 of 97% at 125 °C. All...


Signed digit representations with base $q$ and digits $-\frac q2,\dots,\frac q2$ (and uniqueness being enforced by applying a special rule which decides whether $-q/2$ or $q/2$ should be taken) are considered with respect to counting the occurrences of a given (contiguous) subblock of length $r$. The average number of occurrences amongst the numbers $0,\dots,n-1$ turns out to be const $\cdot\log_qn+\delta(\log_qn)+\smallOh(1)$, with a constant and a periodic function of period one depending on the given subblock; they are explicitly described. Furthermore, we use probabilistic techniques to prove a central limit theorem for the number of occurrences of a given subblock.


Modelling the chemical composition of Titan's ionosphere is a very challenging issue. Latest works perform either inversion of CASSINI's INMS mass spectra (neutral[1] or ion[2]), or design coupled ion-neutral chemistry models[3]. Coupling ionic and neutral chemistry has been reported to be an essential feature of accurate modelling[3]. Electron Dissociative Recombination (EDR), where free electrons recombine with positive ions to produce neutral species, is a key component of ion-neutral coupling. Experimental databases of EDR are incomplete. Indeed, for heavy hydrocarbon ions (CnH y , n ≥ 3), final neutral molecules distribution is unknown. Data are available only over the carbon composition of fragments, which leaves a deterministic approach irrelevant. Thanks to a novel stochastic description of the EDR chemical reactions, we were able to calculate neutral species fluxes du to EDR processes and compare them to fluxes du to neutral chemistry processes. Some species' fluxes, like nitrile molecules, are mainly described by EDR processes (Fig. 1). Although hydrocarbon fluxes are dominated by the neutral chemistry contribution, EDR contribution grows with the molecules' mass (Fig. 2) and is therefore of importance for heavy molecules coupling.


Having performed more than 5,000 facelifts in his 37-year career, E. Gaylon McCollough, M.D., knows a thing or two about facelift surgery. He says if there's one thing he'd like the up-and-comers to know, it's this: There's no such thing as a one-size-fits-all facelift. He recommends focusing on learning the tried-and-true traditional facelift technique that has stood the test of time.


Low cost solutions for long tag display were proposed in this paper. Fewer IC chips were used in the new circuit which was proved to be feasible by simulation. In our scheme, the display area was divided into several parts and each part was controlled by a separate master switch which was connected to the additional TFT switch of every pixel in this partition. In this way, each part of the picture could be refreshed in turn. The total number of gate lines could be reduced by several times and fewer signal terminals of IC were required in a result. The simulation results of schematic and signal timing showed that the driving voltages in different regions could all meet the display requirements.


The objective of the research was to analyze, through the scientific method, the criteria for diagnosing Burnout syndrome, in health professionals from primary to tertiary health care, existing in the literature, in order to clarify whether age, gender, workload and religion influence the emergence of BS. Furthermore, a methodological study was carried out based on virtual data existing in the literature, through the Virtual Health Library (VHL), Scielo (Scientific Electronic Library Online), Pubmed (National Library of Medicine) and Google Scholar using the Descriptors in Health Sciences (DeSC), such as Burnout Syndrome, Health Professionals and Diagnosis, in order to elucidate the theoretical diversity on diagnoses and factors that influence the emergence of Burnout Syndrome (BS). Given the above, the study showed that it is still not possible to have a differential diagnosis, since there is no theoretical consensus despite having used the same analysis instrument; sociodemographic questionnaires and Burnout tests revealed that the higher the age, the lower the degree of emotional stress, and the higher the workload, the greater the depersonalization; it was also noted that religion is important for coping with BS. It is concluded that, given the existing diversity, local authorities can implement measures that encourage the reduction of socio-psychological problems of health professionals.


This paper introduces a new product, nonwoven wipes, brings us numerous varieties in our daily lives. The unceasing innovation has poured into the huge vigor for the nonwoven wipes market, and has driven the sale of this product. The new baby wipes was said to offer a improvement in performance and thickness, and promote the stages nonwoven wipes specially for different need of consumer. Nanoscale fibers of this unique cloth are able to clean the skin completely, and make the skin care product take effect fully. At the same time, it has also carried on the forecast of the future market prospect.


Background: Academic performance is an important reason for the stress and stress due to poor academic performance further deteriorates the academic performance of the student and it became a vicious cycle. Some predictors can be identified which can help finding the student who can be considered as potentially poor performer for future and such students can be mentored.

Aims and Objectives: This study was designed to predict the scores of pharmacology in final university examination based on the first MBBS score, first internal assessment score, and gender.

Materials and Methods: This record-based study was done at the Department of Pharmacology, GMERS Medical College, Dharpur (Patan), Gujarat. The study was done in two steps - in step one, the prediction equation for total marks in pharmacology in the second MBBS university examination was derived through multiple linear regression on the basis of independent variables (first MBBS total marks, first internal total marks, and gender) and in the second step, the equation so obtained was tested on the second batch of the students by comparing predicted marks with the actually obtained marks in pharmacology in the second M.B.B.S. university examination.

Results: In the first batch, total marks in the 1st year MBBS examination and total marks in the first internal assessment were moderately correlated with the total marks of pharmacology in the 2nd year MBSS (r = 0.605, P = 0.00 and r = 0.589, P = 0.00, respectively) and gender was not significantly contributing to multiple linear regression model for prediction of score. A predictive equation was derived and tested on the second batch of the students. It can be observed that for around 94% of the students' actual marks lies within plus or minus 10 marks of predicted marks.

Conclusion: Prediction of academic performance from this technique can be a good technique to select the potential poor performers so that these students can be targeted for extra teaching or teaching by different methodology.


This work tries, from the analysis of some documents coming from the Chiapas courts, to delimit the importance of the trials for vacant lots in the State before the time of Porfirio Diaz. The overriding interest is focused on establishing that vacant land laws probably caused an early accumulation process. In this sense, the main contribution is to offer statistical and qualitative data that allow the development of coherent working hypotheses to better understand the evolution of agricultural property in that period. For this reason, we offer interested parties a statistical annex with the most relevant data from this documentation, in the hope that it can guide future research.


The concepts of speech intelligibility and unintelligibility are examined from a theoretical linguistic point of view, and it is argued that unintelligibility is a special case of a broader phenomenon which is here termed indeterminability. It is further contended that the identification of potential sources of unintelligibility and other kinds of indeterminability should be an aim of linguistic assessment procedures.


The effectiveness of fire management tactics and safety of firefighters strongly depend on the reliability of fire behaviour predictions that is currently limited by a lack of understanding of the flammability of live fuel. Until now fire modeling has been primarily based on the flammability of dead fuel using the assumption that combustion of the live fuel has a very limited effect on fire behaviour. However, the analysis of the existing data revealed that live fuel constituted from 48% to 60% of fuel consumed during the passage of a flame-front, meaning that live fuel plays a significant role in determining frontal fire intensity and fire behaviour. Introducing a new definition of flammability and a test method for flammability assessment, this study identifies how and to what extent live fuel and its properties may affect frontal flame intensity. By evaluating flammability directly in a flame, the proposed oxygen consumption calorimetry method better represents the high-intensity combined radiative and convective heat transfer prior to ignition as well as the conditions of oxygen deficiency and high concentrations of water vapor within the flame-front. The flammability of live fuel consumed within the flame-front was defined as energy release contribution to the frontal flame and represented the energy-generation component of the energy balance of the flame-front rather than just an energy content of separate fuel elements. The flammability was measured as the change in energy release from the flame resulting from interaction with live fuel during average flame-front residence time. Assessing the flammability of fresh shoots rather than just foliage allowed for better representation of the live plant


A new apomictic species of Alchemilla from several regions of Central Russia is here described as A. tzvelevii . Description and images of the principal morphological features of this species are provided. Alchemilla tzvelevii combines the features of quite distant groups (i.e. A. subsect. Pubescentes and A. subsect. Alchemilla ser. Alchemilla subser. Heptagonae ). Its presumed hybridogenous origin is discussed.


This experimental study, guided by attribution theory, investigated the impact of the substantiation and specificity of organizations' environmental messages on perceived communication motivation and how this perception prompts audiences' affective and cognitive responses. Findings showed that specific messages increased perceived intrinsic motivation, whereas vague messages increased perceived extrinsic motivation; in turn, perceived intrinsic motive positively influenced audiences' message attitude, organization attitude, message credibility, organization credibility, and organization's green image, whereas perceived extrinsic motive negatively influenced these aspects.


Adding different amount of red yeast rice to chilled pork meat(0,0.0625,0.125,0.25,0.5,1g per 100g pork),the pH,Met Mb(%) changes at 0d,1d,2d,3d,4d,5d,7d,9d.were measured,and cooking loss,color,hardness,adhesiveness,resilience and other sensory indicators were also studied to determine the proper additive amount for chilled pork.The results showed that the meat adding 0.125g /100g and 0.25g/100g(red yeast rice/meat) possessed better preservation and additional effect at sensory evaluation and physics and chemistry targets compared to the control group.


The Tilt Rotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (TRUAV) has attracted increasing attention due to their ability to perform Vertical Take-Off and Landing and their high-speed cruising abilities. In the conversion mode, the TRUAV is a nonlinear multi-channel cross coupling system affected by both the varying rotor thrust vector and the wing lift. In order to ensure the safety and steadiness of the flight, the tilt angles of rotors need change smoothly and steadily. For planning the tilt angles in the conversion mode, this paper build the dynamics model of the proposed TRUAV. Considering a series of dynamic constraints, mechanism performance constraints and flight index requirements, design the initial, terminal and process constraints and the objective functions. Adopt Gauss pseudospectral method(GPM) with multistep iteration strategy to plan the tilt angles. The results show that the motion of tilt angles planned is smooth, steady and rational, which represents the TRUAV could realize a smooth flight in the conversion mode.


One of the most important problems in mission planning and satellite command and control is being able to accurately predict orbital motion, because the trajectory of a spacecraft is a fundamental design parameter with major implications for all subsystems. The purpose of this paper is to present, first, the simulation of the satellite orbit analysis based on data collected from NASA/NORAD two line element files. The analysis includes orbit determination and prediction of satellite position/velocity, orbit eclipse and ground trace and so on. Second the application of this simulation to design the low Earth orbit (LEO). The intention of this simulation was to create a graphical User Interface GUI which consists of menus, push buttons, text boxes, plots and other interface devices that allow the GUI user to immediately see the impact of various changes.


The vibrational properties of K 0 . 88 Fe 1 . 63 S 2 were investigated using Raman spectroscopy and ana-lyzed on the basis of peculiarities of its crystal structure. Fourteen Raman active modes, predicted by factor-group analysis, were observed and assigned, confirming Fe vacancy ordering. Phonon energy temperature dependance is fully driven by anharmonicity effects in the range of 80-300 K. High energy Raman spectra revealed two-magnon excitations of three optical magnon branches. It is shown that magnetic structure of this material is consistent with the high temperature block-antiferromagnetism of K 0 . 8 Fe 1 . 6 Se 2 .


Objective:To study the curative effect of decompressive craniectomy combined with tentorium cerebelli hiatus incision on patients with tentorium cerebelli hiatus herniation by traumatic brain injury. Methods:In our hospital the standard of such treated 68 patients from January 2004 to June 2009,were divided into two groups. Treatment group, 33 cases were treated with hematoma removal, decompressive craniectomy and tentorium cerebelli hiatus incision; control group, 35 cases with hematoma removal, decompressive craniectomy, no tentorium cerebelli hiatus incision. 48 h after review CT, contrast groups around the pool to improve the rate of brain stem. Comparison of mortality between groups, after 2 weeks and 4 weeks of the GCS score, and at 6-month GOS score. Results: The treatment group around the pool to improve the rate of brain stem was significantly higher (P0.01), mortality was lower than the control group (P0.05), after 2, 4 weeks GCS score and GOS score after 6 months were better than the control group (P0.05). Conclusion:Decompressive craniectomy combined with tentorium cerebelli hiatus incision on patients with tentorium cerebelli hiatus herniation by traumatic brain injury is effective and significantly reduce mortality and improve prognosis of the patients.


With the development of modern distance education,it produces various conflicts in teaching,thereby inevitable produces certain effect to teaching course.In modern distance education,teachers should have the ability to deal with various conflicts,that concludes making a point of the ability of learning,paying attention to the capacity of planning,the penetration ability advancing gradually in due order,ability of clear aiding learning.Effective approach of teachers dealing with conflicts includes that attaching importance to the commercialization realizing a distance learning,embodying the teacher core effect in education community sufficiently,probe flexibility method of supporting learning,reinforce the trial of the teaching that the nature humanity educates.


The utility model provides a four-dimensional adjusting mechanism with a kinematics structure, which is used for the installation, the adjustment and the positioning of precision instruments and optical devices. The utility model comprises two plate structures which are stacked, kinematics connecting pairs corresponding to a sphere are positioned with the two plates through a conical surface, a plane and a V-shaped surface, a V-shaped groove surface forming one of the kinematics connecting pairs is arranged on a rotating block on the V-shaped surface, the rotating block of the V-shaped surface is hinged with a fixing plate and can independently rotate for driving a movable plate of the mechanism to rotate round the normal line of the movable plate, and the sphere is a sphere head adjusting screw arranged on the movable plate and can be respectively adjusted for realizing other two-dimensional rotation and other one-dimensional translation. The utility model can conveniently realize four-dimensional adjustment with three-dimensional rotation and one-dimensional translation for devices and has the advantages of simple structure, small size, higher adjusting precision and reliable stability.


were included in this study. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and endothelial cells counts were measured at the base- line and at post-operative week 1, and statistical comparisons were performed. This study investigated whether or not there was a correlation between total laser energy delivery during the procedure and the change in endothelial cell counts. RReessuullttss:: The mean baseline BCVA was 1.05±0.23 logMAR, while the BCVA at post-operative week 1 was 0.05±0.06 logMAR. BCVA meas- urements were significantly higher at week 1 in comparison to the baseline (p<0.001). The mean endothelial cell count was 1889.6±580.8 (range: 1006-3288) cells/mm² at the baseline while the mean post-operative endothelial cell count was 1577.5±518.2 (range: 851-3000) cells/mm². The re-duction in endothelial cell counts after the procedure was found to be 312.05±443.17 cells/mm² (16.6%). Patients were categorized into three groups based on endothelial cell losses; endothelial cell losses were less than 200 cells/mm² in 20 eyes (48.7%), 200 to 500 cells/mm² in 12 eyes (29.2%) and more than 500 cells/mm² in 9 eyes (21.9%).No significant correlations were found between corneal endothelial loss and the laser energy delivery during the procedure (p=0.701, r=0.220). CCoonncclluussiioonn:: In patients with PCO's, Nd: YAG laser capsulotomy results in significant increase in visual acuity and a decrease in the number of corneal endothelial cells. opacification; YAG endothelial