Introduction As national interest in environmental issues increased in the 1990's, the Advanced Placement Environmental Science (APES) Program was created. It is the most recent of the Advanced Placement (AP) Science Programs and was adopted in May of 1998. In 1993, the Geraldine R. Dodge Foundation for the College Board recognized the need for an AP ecology course and funded research to determine its feasibility. The resulting study suggested that a course in AP environmental science be offered instead of AP ecology because the goal of environmental science courses is to create citizens who can make intelligent, informed decisions concerning environmental issues (College Board, 1997).


The generation and scattering of sound by flow inhomogeneities such as vortices are basic problems which have received much attention in the efforts to develop methods to detect the strength and location of noise sources. Recent experimental studies have demonstrated that acoustic scattering can serve as an efficient (direct and nonintrusive) probe of the vorticity field for the characterization of turbulent flows. In 1978 Candel presented the results of a numerical study based on a standard parabolic equation in which the sound speed variations are included through an effective celerity ceff=c0+vx where the x axis give the direction of propagation of the acoustic wave. However, the effective celerity model does not include the effects of the perpendiculary components of the velocity field and the importance of this components increases with the angle of propagation. A wide angle parabolic equation has been recently proposed [Dallois et al., 7thAIAA/CEAS paper N 2001‐2256] to take into account the mean velocity effects up to second order in Mach number. To estimate the validity of this new parabolic equation (MW–WAPE), we considered a configuration with both strong gradient and high Mach number. Our results are compared to a reference solution obtained by solving the linearized Euler equations. The MW–WAPE solutions are in good agreement with the reference solutions. This parabolic equation gives accurate results up to M≊0.5 whereas the standard equation using an effective celerity failed to give good results above M≊0.2. The generation and scattering of sound by flow inhomogeneities such as vortices are basic problems which have received much attention in the efforts to develop methods to detect the strength and location of noise sources. Recent experimental studies have demonstrated that acoustic scattering can serve as an efficient (direct and nonintrusive) probe of the vorticity field for the characterization of turbulent flows. In 1978 Candel presented the results of a numerical study based on a standard parabolic equation in which the sound speed variations are included through an effective celerity ceff=c0+vx where the x axis give the direction of propagation of the acoustic wave. However, the effective celerity model does not include the effects of the perpendiculary components of the velocity field and the importance of this components increases with the angle of propagation. A wide angle parabolic equation has been recently proposed [Dallois et al., 7thAIAA/CEAS paper N 2001‐2256] to take into account the mean ve...


Seeds pelleted with carbendazim (2 g/kg) recorded maximum germination (81.50%), root length (3.39 cm), shoot length (2.60 cm), seedling length (5.99 cm), vigour index (453), dry matter production (39.16 mg), dehydrogenase activity (0.401 OD), speed of germination (19.48) with lower moisture content (5.90) and EC values (0.405 dSm−1) followed by seeds pelleted with carbendazim (2 g/kg) + CaOCl2 (3 g/kg). The seed quality parameters were significantly lower in the un-pelleted seeds.


Indian stock market being an important part of emerging markets and the economy attracts foreign capital which enhances the fluctuations. It is very important to understand the behavior of the stock market and its dependency with other developing and developed market. So the study aims to examine the relationship between the developing and developing countries stock market. In the study descriptive statistics and correlation is been used. From this study, the result indicates that most of the indices have positive correlation with each other and few of them have negative correlation. In conclusion, there is some relationship between all the market indices.


The question then is: Is the new generalization of any further use than to fix the meaning of terms, classes, relation, propositions, etc.? If not, the gain can be only one of symbolic technique, an advantage, however, not to be underestimated. The theory of types is carried over into the present system without basic modification. The system must therefore share all the weaknesses of that theory. Some day these weaknesses will be met by the construction of a logic that is perfectly general, a logic that will render systematically the properties of those modal distinctions which PM wipes out. Dr. Quine's book corresponds to an intellectual effort of the highest order. If its general notions can be applied to a logic that sets no limitations on the meaning of its variables, then its effort will not have been wasted.


Replica platings among 9 species bacteria isolating from the stems, branches and leaves of poplar infected by INA bacterial canker were made.They are the pathogen Pantoea agglomerans , 7 species of Bacillus , and Pseudomonas syringa . Results showed that the majority of poplar inhabiting bacteria are interspecific symbiont, the minority have antagonistic action in interspecies. It provided basic studies for further explore the roles of the poplar inhabiting bacteria in natural contracting of poplar bacterial canker, and also further select antagonistic microbe for effective biocontrol to poplar bacterial canker.


Aim: To realize changes of pulmonary intercellular adhesion molecule 1(ICAM 1) expression and accumulation of pulmonary polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) in the early stage of burn blast combined injury. Methods : Pulmonary myeloperoxidase activity was assayed to show accumulation of PMN in the lung. Lung tissue in situ hybridization was determined by digoxin labeled ICAM 1 cDNA probe. Immunohistochemistry of ICAM 1 in the lung was measured. Results: Pulmonary myeloperoxidase activity of each injured group increased after injury. The most obvious changes was showed in burn blast combined injury. The expression of ICAM 1 mRNA and its protein of the lung in each injured group were markedly increased than that of the control. The peak level was observed at 6 hours after injury. Conclusion: The process of accumulation of PMN in the lung might be related to the increase of ICAM 1 expressing in the lung at the early stage of burn blast combined injury.


The concept of templates has been put forward for a long time and applied widely.In the domain of computer science,templates are mainly applied to Circuit CAD,Image Processing Pattern Recognition and Engineering CAD.In this paper,the development of template technology and the its application in many directions are introduced.Templates are divided into two classes—templates for comparison and templates for production.The definition of templates is given in the way of formalization.The functions and features of templates are described.The combination of template technology and cooperative design is regarded as a new developing trend of template technology,and the research prospects are discussed.


A cooked dough product, such as a biscuit or cookie comprises an oil and/or fat component, and from about 0.25wt. % to about 20wt. % of ethylcellulose based on the weight of said product. A method of making a cooked dough product is also disclosed comprising the steps of: preparing dough containing a flour, an oil or fat component, and water, wherein the dough further comprises from about 0.25wt. % to about 20wt.% of ethylcellulose based on the weight of the dough excluding added water; and cooking the dough at a temperature of at least about 140°C. The ethylcellulose is used to reduce oil migration or bloom in the cooked dough products.


The results of experimental study of mechanical properties degradation of creep resistant Ni-base alloy are presented. The material studied was subjected to long-term influence of high pressure hydrogen atmosphere at temperature 750K and 850K. The mechanical properties of specimens taken at different distance from inner surface of thick wall tube were evaluated. The results of mechanical testing showed distinct influence of the temperature on mechanical properties of Ni creep resistant alloy. Moreover, the mechanical properties of studied alloy depend on the location of the specimen with respect to the dissociated ammonia source i.e. distance from the inner surface of the chamber. The results of mechanical testing show that the higher the distance from inner surface of the chamber the better mechanical properties of studied Ni base super-alloy.


Recently, lithium tetraborate fusion of mineral and plant ashes has become popular in preparing samples for both x-ray and optical emission spectroscopy. Lithium tetraborate fusion of soils, geological material, refractories, slags, and other silicates largely solves the problem of crystal and particle size differences and transforms such samples to homogeneous materials. Lithium tetraborate is especially suitable for x-ray emission spectroscopy, because lithium and boron have low atomic numbers and their absorption edges do not interfere with the emission lines of elements to be determined.


This paper deeply researches the design method of microwave circuits based on high performance computing simulation, relying on our existing high-performance multi-processor platform. Take X band MMIC LNA and K band down converter as example, by EDA software, microwave circuits are simulated. With high-performance computing technology has greatly enhanced the accuracy and efficiency of electromagnetic simulation in microwave circuit design. Keywords-high performance computing;electromagnetic simulation


We present results for the single-particle spectral function of the low-dimensional system TiOCl in the insulating state. We show by a combination of ab initio Density Functional Theory (DFT) and Variational Cluster (VCA) calculations that an effective single-band Hubbard model is sufficient for the description of the single-particle excitation spectrum of the Mott-insulating state. Since we find that the correlation effects between adjacent chains running along the crystallographic b-axis are weak, we treat the inter-chain couplings within a single-particle (non-interacting) approach and show that, even though these couplings are small, their inclusion results in a considerable redistribution of the spectral weight around the Gamma point from higher to lower binding energies. This enhanced asymmetry of the k-resolved spectra is in very good agreement with experimental ARPES data. Our results state the importance of weak interchain couplings for the correct description of the electronic properties in TiOCl.


Broken rotor bar is one of the commonly encountered induction motor faults that may cause serious motor damage to the motor if not detected timely. Past efforts on broken rotor bar diagnosis have been focused on current signature analysis using spectral analysis and wavelet transform. These methods require accurate slip estimation to localize fault-related frequency. This paper presents a new approach to broken rotor bar diagnosis without slip estimation, based on the ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) and the Hilbert transform. Specifically, the Hilbert transform first extracts the envelope of the motor current signal, which contains broken rotor fault-related frequency information. Subsequently, the envelope signal is adaptively decomposed into a number of intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) by the EEMD algorithm. Two criteria based on the energy and correlation analyses have been investigated to automate the IMF selection. Numerical and experimental studies have confirmed that the proposed approach is effective in diagnosing broken rotor bar faults for improved induction motor condition monitoring and damage assessment.


Lens matching is a trial assembly step in compact lens module manufacturing that can effectively improve the production yield and compensate for the manufacturing error to some degree. However, conventional lens matching (i.e., through trial and error (T&E)) is extremely time-consuming and has a low success rate. To address this issue, this paper proposes a novel Genetic Algorithm (GA) based solution to improve the assembly success rate and the efficiency of lens matching. The study first formalizes the lens matching problem into an optimization format. Then, a DNN based surrogate model is built to replace expensive optical simulators in the optimization iterations. The DNN is used because it demonstrates a great balance between prediction accuracy and computation efficiency compared to other alternatives, e.g., Linear Regression (LR), Kriging, and Polynomial Chaos Expansion (PCE). Next, a GA-based solver is developed to find optimal lens matching operations. The effectiveness of the proposed method and its superiority over conventional lens matching is validated in the real-world lens production line through collaboration with the industry. Compared with conventional lens matching, the proposed method can significantly improve the production yield and lens matching efficiency. Note to Practitioners—This paper is motivated by a practical need for lens matching in the manufacturing process of the image capturing compact lens modules. The conventional practice of lens matching is tedious, time-consuming, and easy to fail. To address this issue, we mathematically characterize the lens matching problem into an optimization format that can practically be solved by the Genetic Algorithm (GA) or other methods. We then demonstrate the workflow to search for optimal lens matching solutions based on a DNN surrogate model. Simulative studies and preliminary real-world experiments indicate the proposed method can effectively improve overall production yield and is much more efficient than conventional lens matching. The results in mass production further justified the superiority of the proposed method over conventional lens matching.


This paper lists 1,106 species of fishes known from the Mariana Islands and adjacent territorial waters. Of these 1,020 may be characterized as inshore or epipelagic species, the vast majority of which inhabit coral reefs. Species entries are annotated to include the initial Mariana Islands record, subsequent regional works, synonyms used in major regional works, and justification for synonyms not published previously. A biogeographic analysis is given for the inshore and epipelagic component of the fauna. Benthic and mesopelagic habitats below 200m are poorly known, and existing information is scattered. This paper attempts to include all species of inshore and epipelagic fishes from the region known to date based upon published information and collections known to the authors. No attempt is made to review the literature on species found below 200m. Further, because of logistical constraints no databases of major museum's holdings were consulted for additional material.


We established a mesenchymal stem cell clone, 5F9A, from rat bone marrow substrate adherent cells by repeated limiting dilutions. The cells have a fibroblastic shape and form intimate contacts with adjacent cells with interdigitations and junctions similar to adherence and tight junctions in a semi‐confluent culture. Analysis of the phenotypes of these cells by RT‐PCR and FACS demonstrated that they resembled mesenchymal stem cells, and the cells could differentiate into adiopocytes and osteoblasts under appropriate conditions in vitro showing their oligopotency. Furthermore, the cells were induced to become multinuclear cells by TPA (12‐o‐tetradecanoylphorbol 13‐acetate) stimulation. Anat Rec, 290:1256–1267, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Abstract In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, corporations rapidly multiplied and grew in power. On the strength of their legal "personality," the nature of which was the object of much anxious debate (was it derivative or free-standing? fictional or real?), they were granted startling new rights and privileges. Meanwhile, artists withdrew in droves into cults of aesthetic "impersonality." While the cults relatively swiftly passed away, the flag of "personality" flies higher than ever over the corporate world today, thanks to Citizens United and a host of other cases. Indeed, when it comes to the cults, there was never any contest, as the orthodox version of modernist impersonality finally only confirms the terms it reverses. But the orthodoxy is not the whole story. This article works out a non-personalist line of response to corporate personalism through readings of some of the idiosyncrasies of Virginia Woolf's version of modernist impersonality (in particular, the twist that she gives to the widespread modernist association of impersonality and drama).


This paper presents a compromising strategy based on constraint relaxation for automated negotiating agents in the nonlinear utility domain. Automated negotiating agents have been studied widely and are one of the key technologies for a future society in which multiple heterogeneous agents act collaboratively and competitively in order to help humans perform daily activities. A pressing issue is that most of the proposed negotiating agents utilize an ad-hoc compromising process, in which they basically just adjust/reduce a threshold to forcibly accept their opponents' offers. Because the threshold is just reduced and the agent just accepts the offer since the value is more than the threshold, it is very difficult to show how and what the agent conceded even after an agreement has been reached. To address this issue, we describe an explainable concession process using a constraint relaxation process. In this process, an agent changes its belief by relaxing constraints, i.e., removing constraints, so that it can accept it is the opponent's offer. We also propose three types of compromising strategies. Experimental results demonstrate that these strategies are efficient. key words: automated negotiating agents, compromise, agreement


At the time of writing, May 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted all aspects of life around the world, and academic research is no exception. It is also widely predicted that even after the present pandemic calms down, international travel restrictions are likely to remain in place in some shape or form for the foreseeable future. Researchers are seeking ways to move their projects forward despite the unprecedented challenges of lockdowns and social distancing measures. This brief guide, adapted from the module Technology-Enhanced Research, aims to provide researchers at SOAS with some practical pointers in navigating such challenges.


reference. The dY change caused by window motion was not included.Equation (4) indicates that if active cavity length control is utilized usinga piezoelectric transducer (PZT), the spherical mirror should be mounted on the PZTbecause rotations of the spherical mirror enter as higher order terms. Also, thisexpression shows that the connection between the plane mirror and the Brewster's


Abstract : Inspired by the micro-scale ears of the fly Ormia, which show remarkable sound localization ability, the overall objective of this project is to achieve a further understanding of the mechanism the fly ear and use this understanding to develop Fly-Ear Inspired Miniature Acoustic Sensors for Target Detection and Localization. Through mechanics and optimization analysis, we have discovered an important biological conclusion: the fly ear can be viewed as a nature-designed optimal structure that is endowed with the dual optimality characteristic. A micro-scale fly-ear inspired directional microphone has been developed to fully capture the dual optimality characteristic of the fly ear. Furthermore, a localization strategy inspired by the fly s localization/lateralization scheme has been employed. It has also been found that not only the fly ear represents a nature designed optimal structure; the fly s localization scheme may also resemble an optimal control scheme. This work can form a basis to unravel the underlying science of fly-ear mechanisms and provide a framework for the development of bio-inspired localization, tracking, and navigation systems.


Standard therapy [isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol], with or without a macrolide, for pulmonary 29 Mycobacterium kansasii lasts more than a year. Therefore, shorter treatment duration regimens 30 are required. We used data from 32 Taiwanese patients treated with standard therapy who were 31 followed using repetitive sampling-based sputum Mkn time-to-positivity in liquid cultures to 32 calculate kill slopes [ 𝞬 ] based on ordinary differential equations and time-to-extinction of each 33 patient's bacterial burden. The  was 0.18 [95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.16-0.20] log 10 34 CFU/mL/day on standard therapy. Next, we identified Mkn time-to-extinction in the hollow fiber 35 system model of pulmonary M. kansasii disease [HFS- Mkn ] treated with standard therapy, 36 which was a  of 0.60 [95% CI: 0.45-0.69) log 10 CFU/mL/day. The  s and time-to-extinctions 37 between the two datasets formed structure-preserving maps based on category theory: thus, we 38 could map them from one to the other using morphisms. This mapping identified a multistep 39 non-linear transformation-factor for time-to-extinction from HFS- Mkn to patients. Next, a head- 40 to-head study in the HFS- Mkn identified median time-to-extinction for standard therapy of 38.7 41 [95% CI: 29.1-53.2) days, isoniazid-rifampin-ethambutol-moxifloxacin of 21.7 [95% CI: 19.1-25) 42 days, isoniazid-rifampin-moxifloxacin of 22 [96% CI: 20.1-24.5) days, and rifampin-moxifloxacin- 43 tedizolid of 20.7 [95% CI:18.5-29) days. Our transformation-factor based translation predicted 44 the proportion of patients of 90.7 [88.74-92.35)% achieving cure with standard therapy at 12 45 months, and 6-months cure rates of 99.8 [95% CI: 99.27-99.95)% for isoniazid-rifampin- 46 ethambutol-moxifloxacin, 92.2 [90.37-93.71)% for isoniazid-rifampin-moxifloxacin, and 99.9 47 [99.44-99.99)% for rifampin-moxifloxacin-tedizolid. Thus, rifampin-moxifloxacin-tedizolid and 48 isoniazid-rifampin-ethambutol-moxifloxacin are predicted to be short-course chemotherapy 49 regimens for pulmonary M. kansasii disease.


Oyster mushroom is a type of food plant that is favored by many people, therefore many people cultivate oyster mushrooms to make a living because they see the large demand for oyster mushrooms, this problem is not matched by sophisticated tools in this cutting edge period. Farmers still use manual tools for mushroom treatment, by making a temperature and humidity monitoring system on mushroom kumbung, farmers can optimize crop yields, the monitoring system built is by installing a DHT 11 sensor around the mushroom kumbung, the sensor can be set by NodMCU and can measure the temperature and humidity in the oyster mushroom kumbung, the temperature and humidity settings are regulated by the NodeMCU which can later be displayed via the Smartphone, the conclusion of this monitoring system is increase the productivity of mushrooms produced by farmers.


With the data obtained in 1, 413 cases of HHD followed up for 5-15 years, investigations were made into the natural history of HHD treated in the current standard of medical care. HHD is a clinical expression of EH, and is significant particularly in Japan as a factor associated with cerebrovascular fatality. It is especially of importance to regard the degree of this lesion as a measure for the evaluation of the over-all severity of EH.


BACKGROUND
Research suggests siblings of individuals with schizophrenia are at a heightened risk for depressive symptomatology. Research has not yet examined whether the strains of growing up with a brother or sister with schizophrenia contribute to this risk. This study examined whether early life course burdens associated with an emerging mental illness, and current objective and subjective caregiver burden predicted depressive symptoms in siblings of individuals with schizophrenia.

METHOD
Forty-one siblings of individuals with schizophrenia were recruited from a large study of schizophrenia neurobiology to complete a self-administered questionnaire and a neuropsychological test battery.

RESULTS
Early life course burdens and current objective and subjective burdens explained incremental variance in depressive symptoms of siblings of individuals with schizophrenia after accounting for gender and global neurocognitive function. Higher levels of depressive symptoms among siblings were associated with perceptions of being stigmatized by the community (β=.37, p<.01), and perceiving that the brother or sister's emerging illness negatively impacted the sibling's social life during childhood and adolescence (β=.39, p<.01). Taking on adult responsibilities while the sibling was growing up was found to be protective against depressive symptoms in adulthood (β= -.36, p<.01).

CONCLUSIONS
Early life course burdens associated with having a sibling with schizophrenia and current subjective burden provide insight into psychosocial factors that may contribute to the risk for depression in this sibling group. Mental health service providers and psychoeducation programs would benefit by considering these factors when developing family-based interventions.


 What was included and excluded from the campaigns? Experts affiliated with CASAR and IFI will offer brief analyses of the election followed by audience questions and discussion. A forum is a space to discuss ideas and to share expertise. Audience participation is a must. Refreshments will be served following the event.


The study was designed to investigate relationship of internal and external attributions on high performance in individual and team sports in tertiary institutions athletes to redress low performance of athletes. To achieve the purpose of the study, student athletes of tertiary institutions in southwest states, Nigeria, who had participated in inter-colligate sports competitions were examined, These four hundred and sixty-three athletes made up of 206 in individual and 257 in team sports  were selected as participants. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to select states through convenience sampling technique, institutions through simple random sampling technique, sports through purposive sampling technique, and high performer athletes were determined by their position ranking of 1 st -3 rd secured during sport competitions. The instruments designed to measure internal and external attributions responses of the respondents was Rotter`s I-E developed by Rotter (1966). The statistical analysis of Pearson`s Product Moment Correlation, Regression were used to test the relationship at significance level of 0.05 levels. The finding of the study showed that each internal and external attributions revealed no significant relationship to high performance.  Rather, coaches and athletes need to be informed, the consequent effect of attributions to either high or low performance before, during and after sport competitions


Cover crops are a contemporary tool to sustainably manage agricultural soils by boosting fertility, suppressing weeds and disease, and benefiting cash crop yields, thus securing future food supply. Due to the different chemical composition of crop residues from different plant families, we hypothesised that a mixture of cover crop residues may have a greater potential to improve soil health than the sum of the parts. Our experiment focused on the impact of four cover crops (clover, sunflower, radish and buckwheat) and their quaternary mixture on soil respiration and the soil microbial community in an 84-day microcosm experiment. On average adding cover crop residues significantly (P < 0.001) increased soil respiration from 29 to 343 µg C g-1 h-1 and microbial biomass from 18 to 60 µg C g-1, compared to the unamended control during 84 days’ incubation. Cover crop addition resulted in a significant (P < 0.001) alteration of the soil microbial community structure compared to that of the control. The quaternary mixture of cover crop residues significantly (P = 0.011) increased soil respiration rate by 23.79 µg C g-1 h-1 during the period 30 to 84 days after residue incorporation, compared to the average of the four individual residues. However, no significant difference in the size of the microbial biomass was found between the mixture and the average of the four individuals, indicating the mixture may invest resources which transit dormant microbial species into a metabolically active state and thus boost microbial respiration. Analysis of similarity of microbial community composition (ANOSIM) demonstrated the mixture significantly (P = 0.001) shifted microbial community structure away from buckwheat (R = 0.847), clover (R = 0.688), radish (R = 0.285) and sunflower (R = 0.785), respectively. This implies cover crop residues provide a niche specialization and differentiation on a selection of microbial communities that favour certain plant compounds. While applying cover crop residues has positive impacts on soil function, we found that applying a mixture of cover crop residues may provide greater potential to select for microorganisms or activate dormant microbial species which result in higher soil function. The outcome of this study will help seed suppliers to design, and farmers to select, novel cover crop mixtures which enhance soil function synergistically, leading to a greater potential to sustainably improve soil health.


Based on PCI-6014 and LabVIEW 7.0 of NI corporation, a teaching software of multi-data acquisition and signal processing is developed. It has powerful function of multi-data acquisition and analysis. For example, it is able to do spectrum analysis and all kinds of filtration. The report document is generated and the database is established simultaneously. The experimental data is managed and operated with database. It is also operated on the internet.


Five new complexes of cobalt(II) have been synthesised by the interaction of fluphenazine (FPH) with cobalt(II) chloride, bromide, perchlorate, acetate or sulphate. The complexes which have been found to possess a stoichiometric composition of [Co(C22H26F3N3OS)(H2O)(2)X(2)] have been characterised for their purity with the help of elemental studies, conductivity and magnetic measurements. An octahedral structure has been proposed based on thermal, electronic and IR spectral data. The new complexes-have been tested in vitro for their antimicrobial activity against Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus flavus, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The antibacterial activity of the cobalt(II) complexes against E. coli and S. aureus increases in the order: sulphate > chloride > perchlorate.


A Risk-Limiting Audit (RLA) is a statistical election tabulation audit with a rigorous error guarantee. We present ballot polling RLA PROVIDENCE, an audit with the efficiency of MINERVA and flexibility of BRAVO. We prove that PROVIDENCE is risk-limiting in the presence of an adversary who can choose subsequent round sizes given knowledge of previous samples. We describe a measure of audit workload as a function of the number of rounds, precincts touched, and ballots drawn.We quantify the problem of obtaining a misleading audit sample when rounds are too small, demonstrating the importance of the resulting constraint on audit planning. We present simulation results demonstrating the superiority of PROVIDENCE using these measures and describing an approach to planning audit round schedules. We describe the use of PROVIDENCE by the Rhode Island Board of Elections in a tabulation audit of the 2021 election. Our implementation of PROVIDENCE and audit planning tools in the open source R2B2 library should be useful to the states of Georgia and Pennsylvania, which are planning pre-certification ballot polling RLAs for the 2022 general election.


Summary The rapid increase and subsequent decline in myoglobin concentration which is characteristic of the guinea pig after 15, 21 and 30 days on a Vit. E-deficient diet is largely prevented by a thrice-weekly administration of DPPD. Under the same regimen, MB is not effective and exhibits considerable toxicity for young animals. Both MB and DPPD, when given in 6 daily doses to animals previously kept on a tocopherol-deficient diet for 15 days, bring about a remission of abnormal changes in myoglobin concentration.


The introduction of treatment protocols require audited prospective data. The use of X-rays in patients with simple nasal trauma is common but of limited value. A prospective audit of this practice and the implications of introducing a 'no X-ray' policy for these patients into the local casualty department are presented. Patients are spared radiation exposure and there are savings in patient throughput time and departmental costs. Casualty departments which have not already adopted such a policy are urged to do so. Where such a protocol is in use, audit to ensure adherence is encouraged.


Based on genome and transcriptome data of Volvariella volvacea,a gene encoding glutathione peroxidase(GPx) was cloned,and named as vv-gpx01.The results analyzed by ZOOM software showed that vv-gpx01 contained 1 313 bp,encoding a polypeptide of 228 amino acids.vvgpx01 gene contained 4 exons and 3 introns,5' UTR contained 12 bp,3' UTR contained 452 bp.And three intron retention alternative splicing sites were identified during RNA processing.The bioinformatics analysis showed GPx01 of Volvariella volvacea had a complete conserved domain of glutathione peroxidase.The analysis of phylogenetic tree showed that glutathione peroxidase of basidiomycetes and ascomycetes were gathered in two different branches,GPx01 of Volvariella volvacea showed the highest homology with Agaricus bisporus and was gathered in a branch with other Agaricales sequences.Furthermore,the amino acid sequences generated from the intron retention showed the missing of GSH peroxidase domain in different levels,which probably caused the deactivation of glutathione peroxidase.The analysis of digital gene expression profiles showed that vv-gpx01 in Volvariella volvacea was expressed during all the growth stages,but the expression value was different.It suggested that the alternative splicing probably produced different transcripts of GPx01,controlling the translation of functional domain and spatial configuration by regulating the expression levels of different transcripts,and ultimately regulating the enzyme activity.


The popularity of motorcars has increased lots of convenience and enjoyment for people′s work and life.However,the frequency of car stolen brings new losses to people.This paper concerns a car theftproof alarm device which is based on LPC2210,realizes a car theft-proof alarm device includs mobile telephone long-distance-control.This device employs many probe methods and different alarm-giving strategies.The system eliminates noise pollution caused by traditional alarm system and induces the rate of wrong alarm,which makes the car alarm possible.


Abstract The interpretation of slowly increasing faults in model based condition monitoring is challenging. In this work we propose to derive bounds for parametric fault features to determine if a fault is crucial to a plant or process, looking at performance criteria. Essential information is provided by determination of a fault's influence on a certain performance criterion, given by process requirements. For the analysis the sensitivity of parameters is determined via simulation studies. As an example the method is applied to a hydraulic axial piston unit, determining the influence of parametric faults on overall efficiency.


This study is to suggest the extraction algorithms of fingerprint corepoint and region separation using the labeling for gate security in order that it might be applied to the fingerprint recognition effectively. The gate security technology is entrance control, attendance management, computer security, electronic commerce authentication, information protection and so on. This study is to extract the directional image by dividing the original image in size into the size of pixel. This study is to separate the region of directional smoothing image extracted by each directional by using the labeling, and extract the block that appeared more than three sorts of change in different directions to the corepoint. This researcher is to increase the recognition rate and matching rate by extracting the corepoint through the separation of region by direction using the maximum direction and labeling, not search the zone of feasibility of corepoint or candidate region of corepoint used in the existing method. According to the result of experimenting with 300 fingerprints, the poincare index method is 94.05%, the proposed method is 97.11%.


Bryansk State Academician I.G. Petrovski University Through the analysis of the essential features of a transaction as a special ideal phenomenon for establishing a legal connection, the phenomenon of will and expression of will in an invalid transaction is revealed. It is concluded that the basis of the transaction, unlike other legal actions, is the freedom of will of the persons committing it. In view of this, if the will is erroneous, the entire transaction is invalidated and turns into an even more unique phenomenon – an invalid transaction, the essence of which is to enable the parties to correct the error. In conclusion, specific changes to the norms of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation are proposed.


This paper present a pedestrian following mobile robot with binocular vision sensor. Because Kinect is one of the most inexpensive devices of depth-cameras, it is used in our application. Human skeleton is extracted by using Kinect, and the location of human is checked by projecting the three-dimensional (3D) pose of skeleton onto 2D screen. This 2D screen is separated into three parts, left, middle and right. Mobile robot rotates and translates according to the corresponding location of pedestrian. To make the robot move forward and backward, the distance between spine point and mobile robot is calculated. Finally, a real experimental result is used to validate our proposed method.


Abstract Two water mite species of the genus Atractides Koch, 1837 (Acari: Hydrachnidia: Hygrobatidae), i.e., A. (Atractides) asiaticus and A. (Atractides) inthanonensis are described. The populations from Thailand and Malaysia provisionally assigned by Pešić & Smit (2009) to A. cognatus (K. Viets, 1935) represent an new species, here described as A. asiaticus sp. nov. The new species can be easily be separated from A. cognatus by Ac arranged in an obtuse triangle and by the smooth excretory pore. Atractides inthanonensis closely resemblesA. muenchbergi Lundblad, 1969 from which can be distinguished by the smaller dimensions of idiosoma and palps, shorter S-1/2 interspace and by the longer P-4 ventral setae. Moreover, a checklist is compiled of the water mite fauna of Thailand. The total number of species and subspecies recorded from Thailand up to date is 47 species, in nine families.


The results of a test program to assess the potential of manned extravehicular activity (EVA) assembly of erectable space trusses are described. Seventeen tests were conducted in which six "space-weight" columns were assembled into a regular tetrahedral cell by a team of two "space"-suited test subjects. This cell represents the fundamental "element" of a tetrahedral truss structure. The tests were conducted under simulated zero-gravity conditions. Both manual and simulated remote manipulator system modes were evaluated. Articulation limits of the pressure suit and zero gravity could be accommodated by work stations with foot restraints. The results of this study have confirmed that astronaut EVA assembly of large, erectable space structures is well within man's capabilities.


In the October 20, 2020, podcast interview, Dr. Jeffrey Ratliff talks with Dr. Elizabeth Matthews about her study on super-refractory status epilepticus.


Purpose
This paper aims to report on the first comprehensive, social marketing systematic review of interventions targeting illicit drug use by young adults.

Design/methodology/approach
A total of 3,169 papers were screened, with 20 relevant empirical studies meeting the eligibility criteria for the systematic review. These were analysed according to Andreasen's (2002) and NSMC's (2006) social marketing benchmarks.

Findings
The findings provide evidence regarding the efficacy of behavioural and clinical interventions targeting individuals and groups, including motivational, life skills training, cognitive behavioural therapy, comprehensive health and social risk assessments and buprenorphine treatment interventions. Further, results evidence that there is yet to be an intervention which has implemented the full marketing mix, and limited studies have used the social marketing benchmarks of exchange and competition.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors' knowledge, this study is the first to conduct a comprehensive systematic review and provide key recommendations outlining the potential for social marketing to support the improved uptake and efficacy of interventions. A research agenda is also put forward to direct future social marketing scholarship in the area of young adult drug interventions.


The article examines the history of the cooperative movement in Russian schools, the modern development of the cooperative movement and school entrepreneurship in the Republic of Bashkortostan; suggests measures and a roadmap for the development of school cooperation and entrepreneurship in the region, the implementation of which will allow organizing a stable regional school cooperative system, and will also contribute to the withdrawal of cooperative formations from the crisis. The author substantiates the need to provide effective state support through the Ministry of Education and Science, the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Bashkortostan to the system of consumer cooperation, since school cooperation can contribute to increasing not only the economic, but also the social effect: it will allow students of grades 8-11 to form entrepreneurial competencies, more effectively use agricultural land, which are household plots of municipal schools, to increase the income of schools and their students from cooperation with cooperative organizations, and will also contribute to improving the food security of the region by saturating the consumer market with high-quality locally produced goods.


Rectal injury is a serious complication of laparoscopic surgery and is associated with poor prognosis. We describe a patient who developed a pelvic abscess secondary to bacterial infection after a seromuscular rectal injury during laparoscopic surgery, who was successfully treated with drainage alone. Laparoscopic bilateral adnexectomy was performed for bilateral chocolate cysts; however, she developed fever and abdominal pain, 5 days postoperatively. Computed tomography revealed an intrapelvic abscess, and the intraoperative video recording led to a suspicion of rectal injury. Based on bacterial cultures of pus from the abscess, she was diagnosed with infection transmitted from the site of rectal injury. However, colonoscopy did not reveal any rectal mucosal injury. Therefore, we concluded that the injury was confined to the seromuscular layer. The abscess was successfully treated with drainage and antibiotics. Pelvic abscesses may occur secondary to seromuscular injuries without complete perforation of the rectal mucosa. Notably, drainage and antibacterial drugs are effective and emergency surgery is not required in patients without perforation. Colonoscopy may be useful to determine the treatment course.


In May and June, 2018, a series of field surveys was undertaken to determine the presence of the Red Panda Ailurus fulgens in Marsyangdi Rural Municipality in Lamjung District, western Nepal.  A single, adult, Red Panda was photographed and recorded on video at Nafada Khola while scratch marks and distinctive scats provided evidence of Red Panda activity at eleven further localities at elevations between 3,150 and 3,650 m.  Threats to the habitat of A. fulgens within the study area are discussed.


A.MECANISME TRANSPORT BAND FOR TAPE. B.The WITH TWO GEAR 232 233 LINKED TO AREAS 77, 78 AND REVERSE GEAR 229 MOBILE AXIALLY, A PINION DRIVE 221, FIRST AND SECOND SUBMISSION CONTROL 84, 85 ORDERING THE POSITION GEAR 229. C.L'INVENTION APPLIES TO POCKET TAPE CASSETTE.


Preface List of contributors 1. Towards fluid equations by approximate deconvolution models L. C. Berselli 2. On flows of fluids described by an implicit constitutive equation characterized by a maximal monotone graph M. Bulicek, P. Gwiazda, J. Malek, K. R. Rajagopal and A. Swierczewska-Gwiazda 3. A continuous model for turbulent energy cascade A. Cheskidov, R. Shvydkoy and S. Friedlander 4. Remarks on complex fluid models P. Constantin 5. A naive parametrization for the vortex-sheet problem A. Castro, D. Cordoba and F. Gancedo 6. Sharp and almost-sharp fronts for the SQG equation C. L. Fefferman 7. Feedback stabilization for the Navier-Stokes equations: theory and calculations A. V. Fursikov and A. A. Kornev 8. Interacting vortex pairs in inviscid and viscous planar flows T. Gallay 9. Stretching and folding diagnostics in solutions of the three-dimensional Euler and Navier-Stokes equations J. D. Gibbon and D. D. Holm 10. Exploring symmetry plane conditions in numerical Euler solutions R. M. Kerr and M. D. Bustamante 11. On the decay of solutions of the Navier-Stokes system with potential forces I. Kukavica 12. Leray-Hopf solutions to Navier-Stokes equations with weakly converging initial data G. Seregin.


The main point of successful manufacture of metallic composites by direct bonding of dissimilar materials is achieving a homogeneous interface bonding. Two different types of deformation techniques for fabrication of metal composites were investigated. The first one was developed on the basis of high pressure torsion associated with a high energy impact on the material where part of energy involved can be dissipated via non equilibrium phase transition realization. This deformation due to high shear deformations allows not only to form a nanostructure, but also to bond dissimilar metals. Moreover, this method allows for a relatively short time and in a number of compounds to receive in one step at room temperature monolithic composites of sufficient size to certify the structure and properties. The second technique is diffusion bonding which integrate one material with the other by pressure under high temperature. In order to clarify the bonding mechanism by plastic deformation of dissimilar materials, the microstructural and some mechanical properties were studied in the processed samples.


An experiment entitled "Efficacy of plant growth regulator (GA3) on growth and yield attributes of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L.) at Dehradun Valley" was conducted at Horticulture Research Block, Shri Guru Ram Rai University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand during winter season from November 2018 - February 2019. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications. Ten different concentrations of GA3 viz. (20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 140, 160,180 and 200 ppm) were used over control. Among all the treatments it was concluded that for growth attributes GA3 @ 60 ppm gave maximum plant height (49.57 cm), minimum number of days taken to 50% marketable curd size (94.53 days) and also increases yield attributing characters such as curd diameter (17.9 cm), Gross yield (3.53g/plant), Net yield (1040g), yield per plot (12.28 kg) and yield per hectare (365.63 q). From this experiment, it was concluded that 60 ppm of GA3 can be recommended in cauliflower for higher yield.


A method for writing data on a data bit stream of a cache memory and a method for reading data from the data bit stream are provided to use a cache line that includes fault data bits, thereby improving a throughput of the cache memory. Existence of a fault data bit is decided based on a fault flag bit value included in a corresponding cache line(S20). If the fault data bit exists, it is decided whether a value written on the fault data bit is identical with a bit value corresponding to a fault data bit in a target data bit stream(S30). If so, a target data bit stream value is written on a data bit stream of the corresponding cache line(S40). If the value is not identical, the target data bit stream value is written on a data bit stream of another cache line or the data bit stream of the corresponding cache line(S60).


The article deals with teaching listening comprehension to refresher course students, difficulties they face, skills, they acquire and comprehension tasks that help understanding oral speech.


The invention discloses a chemical synthesis method of special cephalosporin antibiotics cefquinome sulphate for an animal. The chemical synthesis method comprises the following steps of by taking 7-aminocephalosporanic acid as an initial material, firstly, acting with hexamethyldisilazane under catalysis of a little of trimethyl idodine silicon hydride to obtain 7-ACA of which amino and carboxyl are protected; enabling the 7-ACA of which amino and carboxyl are protected to react with trimethyl idodine silicon hydride and 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoline under existence of an acid-binding agent N,N-diethyl aniline, synthetizing midbody 7-amino-cephalosporins praziquantel oxime by a one-pot method; reacting with AE-active ester, and preparing the cefquinome sulphate by acylation and salt forming reaction. The dosage of the trimethyl idodine silicon hydride is 1-2times of the feeding quantity of the 7-ACA; and the dosage of the 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoline is 1-3 times of the feeding quantity of the 7-ACA. Compared with the prior art, the dosage is greatly reduced; and the chemical synthesis method has the advantages of simple technologic condition, high yield, low cost and the like, and is suitable for industrial production.


The unstable and unsure handiness of crude oil sources moreover the rising price of fuels have shifted international efforts to utilize renewable resources for the assembly of greener energy and a replacement which might additionally meet the high energy demand of the globe. Biofuels represent a sustainable, renewable, and also the solely predictable energy supply to fossil fuels. During the green production of Biofuels, several in vivo processes place confidence in the conversion of biomass to sugars by engineered enzymes, and the subsequent conversion of sugars to chemicals via designed proteins in microbial production hosts. Enzymes are indispensable within the effort to provide fuels in an ecologically friendly manner. They have the potential to catalyze reactions with high specificity and potency while not using dangerous chemicals. Nature provides an in depth assortment of enzymes, however usually these should be altered to perform desired functions in needed conditions. Presently available enzymes like cellulose are subject to tight induction and regulation systems and additionally suffer inhibition from numerous end products. Therefore, more impregnable and economical catalyst preparations ought to be developed for the enzymatic method to be more economical. Approaches like protein engineering, reconstitution of protein mixtures and bio prospecting for superior enzymes are gaining importance. Advances in enzyme engineering allow the planning and/or directed evolution of enzymes specifically tailored for such industrial applications. Recent years have seen the production of improved enzymes to help with the conversion of biomass into fuels. The assembly of the many of those fuels is feasible due to advances in protein engineering. This review discusses the distinctive challenges that protein engineering faces in the method of changing lignocellulose to biofuels and the way they're addressed by recent advances in this field.


C4.5 algorithm needs to scan data sets repeatedly when constructing decision tree, which leads to its inefficient operation. A C4.5 decision tree optimization algorithm based on data dimension reduction is proposed, which generates a more concise decision tree and improves the efficiency of the algorithm. At the same time, it eliminates the interference of redundant attributes and improves the accuracy of the algorithm prediction.The simulation results of the improved C4.5 algorithm and the traditional algorithm show that the accuracy and efficiency of the improved C4.5 algorithm are greatly improved.This algorithm is applied to the prediction system of diabetes diagnosis effect, which provides decision support for the diagnosis of diabetes in hospitals, realizes better precise medical treatment, and makes better use of social medical resources.Successful application of diabetes diagnosis and treatment results also provides technical ideas for large data decision-making in other fields.


: Marine environment is is also a means of connecting, recreational media, and so forth, because it is essential to protect the marine environmentThe formulation of the issues to be raised in this research is: How is the regulation and policy of North Sumatera Province, Medan City and Serdang Bedagai Regency about the compensation fund for marine environment contamination from oil spill from Tanker ship in Malacca Strait; and What are the Challenges and Obstacles of North Sumatera Provincial Government, Medan City and Serdang Bedagai Regency in providing legal protection for East Coast fishermen related to compensation for pollution of marine environment originating from oil spill from Tanker ship in Malacca Strait. The research method used is in the form of Descriptive Analytical through empirical research approach by using the interview as the research instrument. The results obtained are the Legal Protection Protection of the Province of North Sumatra, especially Medan City, and Serdang Bedagai Regency still refers to the Indonesian National Arrangement, among others, Presidential Decree No. RI. 18 of 1978, Law No. 17 of 1985, Law No. 32 of 2014, Law No. 7 of 2016 and other relevant national legislation.


"Internet Man Hunt" is a large number of Internet users participate in interactive information search."Internet Man Hunt" as the transition of Chinese society in spite of a specific product of a number of deficiencies,but the maintenance of justice and public welfare nature of its self-development provides a broad prospect."Internet Man Hunt" behavior as long as there is no violation of personal privacy,you do not need to regulate the use of criminal law,but should improve the network of laws and regulations of "Internet Man Hunt" to regulate and guide.


This study investigates the determinants of students' satisfaction in an asynchronous learning environment using seven key considerations: the e-learning environment, student–content interaction, student and student interaction, student–teacher interaction, group cohesion and timely participation, knowledge of Internet usage, and satisfaction. The empirical data were gathered through structured questionnaires from 500 students who took courses in an asynchronous learning environment and the analysis was done using structural equation modeling. Framed along the positivist paradigm, deductive epistemology, exploratory research design, the study showed that all the seven variables served as robust antecedents of students' satisfaction in an asynchronous learning environment.


Abstract Preservative free ophthalmic formulations need to be packaged either as single doses, or using specially designed sterility preserving multidose eyedroppers. Our objective was to evaluate potential sorption phenomena between a device with a silicone sterility preserving membrane and the delivered drops of several ophthalmic solutions. Cyclosporine, rifamycin, latanoprost, timolol and norfloxacin were used as model drugs. Quantification of the active substance in delivered drops (1 to 4 drops per day) from low density polyethylene (LDPE) bottles without any sterility preserving device and from LDPE bottles with a sterility preserving silicone membrane (LDPE-Si) was performed for 14 days (n≥3), using validated HPLC methods. For cyclosporine, mean concentrations did not vary by more than 10 % from reference concentrations for either LDPE or LDPE-Si eyedroppers, but for LDPE-Si, the concentrations of the 1 mg.ml-1 cyclosporine micellar solution were found to be significantly lower than for those from LDPE eyedroppers (p=0.0127). For LDPE-Si, rifamycin mean concentrations decreased by 11.2 % throughout the 14 day study period, but didn't vary by more than 10 % for LDPE and glass eyedroppers. However, rifamycin concentrations from LDPE-Si were not significantly different from those from LDPE eyedroppers. For latanoprost, whilst mean concentrations did not vary by more than 10 % from reference concentration for LDPE eyedroppers, for LDPE-Si eyedroppers concentrations decreased by 76.4 % at their lowest concentration and never returned to their initial level. For timolol and norfloxacin, mean concentrations did not vary by more than 10 % for either LDPE or LDPE-Si eyedroppers and no significant difference was found between the 2 eyedroppers concentrations. Our results are in favor of an absence of significant sorption between LDPE-Si eyedroppers for timolol or norfloxacin ophthalmic solutions. Further studies should be performed on cyclosporine ophthalmic micellar solutions and rifamycin ophthalmic solutions before any definite conclusions can be made. Finally, our results show that latanoprost ophthalmic solutions shouldn't be used with LDPE-Si eyedroppers as the loss of active substance would cause a sever under-dosing.


The realization of quality public services is one of the characteristics of goodgovernance as a goal of the utilization of the state apparatus. Therefore, every public andprivate organization is demanded to be able to provide quality services. This study aims todescribe and analyze the quality of service of PT. Pertamina (Persero) in distributing fuel oil(BBM) in Merauke Regency with a qualitative approach. The results showed that the qualityof fuel distribution services conducted by PT Pertamina of Merauke Regency has not fully metthe criteria of quality service. This can be seen from the service quality indicators that arerelated to responsiveness and reliability. Where in this reliability and responsiveness serviceshows the time of service hours at Pertamina, some partners are still not satisfied with thetimely service hours because there are still many factors that influence it, the ability of theapparatus, service system and service facilities which still do not provide the system servicesthat do not meet the service quality standards at Pertamina are on time, on the right amount,on the right quality.


A compact 30 × 30 mm2 high performance four elements ultra-wide band multi-input multi-output (UWB MIMO) diversity antenna is proposed. The prototype antenna consists of four symmetrical antenna elements which are orthogonally placed on top surface of the substrate with partial slotted ground plane. The isolation among the antenna elements is improved by placing antenna elements orthogonally without any additional decoupling structure. The various antenna characteristic parameters, i.e., return loss (< −10 dB), isolation parameter (< −22 dB), radiation patterns near omnidirectional, and maximum realized gain 4.8 dB, were measured. The MIMO performances of prototype antenna were also measured in terms of various MIMO diversity parameters and found ECC < 0.06, DG > 9.98 dB, TARC < −10 dB and MEG < −3 dB throughout the frequency band. This design provides an operational bandwidth from 2.15 to 16.75 GHz which covers the whole UWB spectrum and is suitable for portable devices.


Nutrition education for the elderly sometimes has obtacles because of resistance to change and apathy among the elderly. These obstacles have not been challenged by enough programs in nutrition education. Need exists to dispel misconceptions by professionals with respect to nutrition education programs for the elderly. Also, creativity in leadership is needed for nutrition education programs for the elderly. Focal points in this paper include: prevention and the elderly, intellectual capacity, long-standing eating habits, and degree of changes expected.


An analog of the dynamical Casimir effect has been achieved, where phonons replace photons and thermal fluctuations replace vacuum fluctuations.


In this paper, the continuous safety integrity analysis for a avionics system with Dempster-Shafer Theory (DST) is proposed. The safety index is defined and calculated with DST for the avionics system, especially for Integrated Modular of Avionics (IMA). Moreover, this quantity is a continuous function, which can be directly used for the safety evaluation. Compared with the binary logic of safety analysis, e.g., the safety case, our proposed method can be used in any N-ary logic and give an elaborate granularity of the Safety Integrity Level (SIL).


Ever since the publication of William Gibson's Pattern Recognition in 2003, North American fiction has repeatedly dealt with the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. Most of the early American novels centered on these events do not, however, address the long aftermath of the attacks: the war on terror at home and abroad, as well as the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq. Despite his long-standing interest in terrorism, since September 11 even Don DeLillo has remained, in the words of Pankaj Mishra, ''strangely incurious about . . . the origins and appeal of political violence'' (22). In an influential essay published in 2008, Richard Gray deplores the tendency of post-9=11 literature to ''simply assimilate the unfamiliar into familiar structures,'' concluding that ''the crisis is, in every sense of the word, domesticated'' (134). A chief limitation of post-9=11 fictions by DeLillo, Jay McInerney, and Ken Kalfus, Gray convincingly demonstrates, resides in their ''encounters with strangeness.'' The challenge for writers after September 11 is ''facing the other, in all its difference and danger . . . , not just because of obscene acts of terrorism committed by a small group of people, but because the US has become, more than ever, a border territory in which different cultures meet, collide, and in some instances collude with each other'' (135). Yet to project a narcissistic worldview onto post-9=11 fiction as a whole would be to overlook what may be called ''the second wave'' of post-9=11 novels, which clearly attempts to deal with the liminal condition of post-9=11 America, its position between historical borders and cultures. Specifically, these novels are more intently focused on the racial fear and anxiety sparked by the attacks and by the official response to them in the lives and minds of people previously inured to the effects of distant international affairs. This article examines the ways in which racial perceptions manifest themselves across a range of post-9=11 fictions that not only openly address


The spectrophotometric properties of the trialkyltiniodide-iodine charge transfer complexes in solution are found to depend on the nature of the solvent. The correlations of these solvent shifts of the absorption bands with various solvent properties are discussed within the frame of the Onsager model of dielectrics. Thus data like dipole moments and stabilization energies of excited states can be obtained.

Furthermore a kinetic study of the reactivity of three trialkyltin iodides with iodine atoms has been made in different solvents. The correlation between the absolute rate constants and the polarity (dielectric constant) of the medium suggests increasing solvation of the activated complex with increasing bulkyness of the alkylsubstituent.

The solvent free energy of the initial reactant, the excited CT complex, could be calculated from two independently obtained differences of free energies, i.e. the solvent free energy Esolvent going from the standard solvent to the actual solvents and δΔGsolv,x≠' determined from kinetic experiments at different temperatures.


The study of Islam at many universities around the world has been on the increase for the past three decades for various regions. In South Africa, where it was initiated by Semiticists in Semitic Studies departments and Missiologists in Missiology courses, its study gradually developed into full courses. Since the popularity of "Islamic studies" has been of interest to secular academics as well, the country's University of the Free State (UFS) proposed the offering of a Baccalaureus Divinitatis Degree in Islamic studies. But before doing so, the university decided to host a colloquium to which the organizing committee invited various stakeholders. This essay contextualizes this colloquium by locating the teaching and study of Islam in a broad South(ern) African context and offers a critical report on the ensuing two-day colloquium.


The dynamics of German unification, D. Grosser reunification as an issue in German politics, 1949-1990, D. Mahncke collapse from internal weakness - the German democratic Republic from October 1989 to March 1990, H. Horn the German Democratic Republic on its way to democracy, U. Thaysen West Germany's political system under stress - decicion-making processes in Bonn 1990, W. Bergsdorf economic unification, U. Andersen the European Community - how to counterbalance the Germans, B. Neuss fear of Germany and security for Europe, M. Wolffsohn Germany - a future with two pasts, P. Graf Kielmansegg.


Tax policy debates inevitably involve controversy about the efficiency and distributional effects of alternative means of raising revenue. They involve political compromise as well as detailed economic analyses by both academics and policy makers. To encourage interaction between these groups, for the last nine years the NBER has sponsored an annual Tax Policy and the Economy conference in Washington, D.C. The confer ence facilitates communication between academic researchers studying questions involving tax policy, and those in industry and government who are directly involved in the tax policy-making process. The confer ence is devoted to the presentation of new research findings of relevance for tax policy. The five papers in this volume represent a cross section of some of the best applied research that bears on tax policy deliberations. Each paper provides new data and new insights about an important question in tax or expenditure policy. In several cases, the research papers were moti vated by suggestions or questions at previous Tax Policy and the Econ


There is a growing "swirling" trend of students alternating between 2- and 4-year colleges. The non-linear paths traveled by many community college students often take them through multiple colleges and/or through patterns of stop-out and return. Due to the rapid growth of international students pursuing US degrees, this study identifies the demographic composition of international students and investigates their swirling patterns for what may appear as erratic paths. This manuscript includes important implications for practitioners and others at community colleges.


The main objective of this paper is to study the effects of winglet on aerofoil NACA 2415 using CFD. This is to be done by comparing the aerodynamics characteristics which include Drag coefficient (CD), Lift coefficient (CL), and Lift to Drag ratio (L/D) of with and without winglet model. Induced drag can be reduced by using wing-tip device like Winglet. Spalart-Allmaras turbulence model is used for better accuracy around the boundary wall of wing. The geometry of wing models and meshing are carried out by ANSYS 15 software. The computational simulation is carried out by ANSYS FLUENT with low Mach number 0.23 at various angle of attack. The aerodynamic characteristic of wing with and without winglet are to be measured and compared for best aerodynamic characteristics. KEYWORDSAngle of Attack, Winglet, Lift and Drag Coefficient, CFD


In a two-dimensional lattice-gas framework, the size and the effect of multisite (lateral) interactions between chemisorbed atoms (and between surface atoms in reconstruction systems) are assessed. The computation of such interactions, using relatively crude approaches, is surveyed. The effects of such interactions are discussed, in particular their role in producing asymmetries in temperature-coverage phase diagrams. I. Introduction For many adsorption systems, particularly chemisorbed atoms on transition metals, the adatoms are strongly bound to specific sites on the substrate. The barrier to diffusion is some moderate fraction of this energy, and the (lateral) interaction is a considerably smaller fraction. For such systems, it is a good approximation to describe the statistical mechanics of the adatoms in terms of a two-dimensional lattice-gas model. (These models are also useful in describing the reconstructions of some transition-metal surfaces.) In such models, the single-adatom binding energy can be absorbed into the chemical potential, so that the key energies in the 2-d systems are the interactions between adatoms on nearby sites. Most studies assume that only pairwise interactions are needed to describe the measurable properties of the adsorbates. The goals of this article are to assess how valid it is to neglect multisite interactions and to describe some of the consequences of such interactions when they are not negligible. The first part of this article treats the computation of multisite interactions between chemisorbed atoms (or atoms in the top layer of a reconstructing surface). The low symmetry of the problem generally precludes the use of self-consistent, local-density calculations. Initially, crude tight-binding models gave some insight into the general behavior of such interactions. A variety of later schemes, using both one-electron theory and additional correlation effects, were applied to specific systems. After summarizing this work, we discuss more recent results using the semiempirical embedded-atom method, and related schemes. The second part of the article considers the observable effects of these interactions, in particular on the equilibrium statistical mechanics of surface systems. Since the mapping between lattice models and spin models has proved very helpful in understanding adsorbate behavior, we detail the nonlinearity of the relationship between lattice-gas three-site interactions and three-spin interactions in their Ising model counterparts. Thus, a seemingly modest three-spin term can correspond to an unphysically large trio-Le., trimer with constituent pairs subtracted-interaction. It is widely believed that any three-site interaction will break " particle-hole " symmetry in the lattice-gas model and so lead to …


SITE was founded to create a professional academic home to foster cross-disciplinary scholarship and collaborative relationships associated with technology and teacher education. Dee Anna and Jerry Willis, the founders of SITE and JTATE, provided an exemplar of a collaborative professional relationship that was itself a microcosm of the larger institution. Jerry is a typical academic entrepreneur, daring to dream great thoughts while simultaneously visionary and impatient with details. Dee Anna grounded the great enterprise that they jointly attempted in reality. She is at the same time warm, welcoming, and practical. Our first memory of Dee Anna is at the small group of academicians gathered at the first SITE conference. As we were headed toward the luncheon line, she motioned with a friendly beckoning invitation, "Come join us!" As a consequence, what might have become another routine academic conference became an academic home as we joined a group excitedly exploring the potential of technology to transform teaching and teacher education. Over the years SITE has explored many innovations designed to welcome newcomers and encourage interaction and dialog -- welcoming sessions and briefings at the start of the conference, birds-of-a-feather sessions and special interest groups, and other methods intended to convey the message that everyone with an interest in technology and teacher education is welcome. However, no single method has been as effective as Dee Anna's greetings as SITE's ambassador extraordinaire. We have vivid visual memories of Dee Anna surrounded by visitors in the lobby of the conference hotel moments after her arrival, in a scene akin to a stream of bumblebees traveling to and from a flower as successive groups entering the lobby spot Dee Anna and are warmly greeted, catching up on news and events. During the early years SITE was begun on a fiscal shoestring, compensated for through "sweat equity" (as Jerry terms it). Often the person who publicly proposes an innovation receives a lion's share of recognition, with correspondingly less public awareness of partners who implement the concept and make it a reality. Few realized that founding SITE was a full-time job for Dee Anna, involving considerable sacrifice in the early years. This encompassed a range of activities that included planning and preparing for the conference, ensuring that the SITE Technology and Teacher Education Annual was completed and published on time each year, following up and responding to correspondence in a timely fashion, and myriad other tasks. To his credit, Jerry has always taken pains to publicly acknowledge that SITE would not have been possible without Dee Anna's contributions. In truth, it is virtually impossible to unravel their joint contributions, since both were essential. When it became clear that SITE could no longer be administered by two visionary faculty members and overworked graduate students, a meeting was held to identify a professional administrative arm. …


The invention discloses a method and apparatus for testing the operation precision of the driving control system on a driverless vehicle. The method includes the following steps: based on the acquireddriving data information, determining the operation tracking length of the driverless vehicle when the driving control system is in operation; and based on the set operation precision test standard,determining the standard operation distance when the driving control system operates the driverless vehicle; and comparing the operation tracking length and the standard operation distance so as to determine the result from the operation precision of the driving operation system.


Optimizing customer structure is worthy of developing because products/services offering can promote a delightful financial situation. Inspired by this, we examine the moderation effect of customer concentration targeting at the relationship between financial stress and sustainable operations of China's manufacturers that exercise substantial impacts on climate change and industrial prosperity. Many industrial sectors, for example, shipbuilding, nonferrous metals, electronic component manufacturing, and food processing, are involved in this study. Empirical results indicate that a higher asset-liability ratio (embodying debt-level stress) and a higher ratio of tax payment to tax rebate (embodying social-level stress) both do not impose a constraint to sustainable operations, but such operations indeed need a response from a lower ratio of total operating cost to total operating revenue (embodying operation-level stress) and a decentralized customer structure. Moreover, customer concentration offers a power to be able to enhance the anti-risk capability of financial stress at the operation-level, thus suggesting narrowing the gap between tax payment and tax rebate. Our analysis transpires that a disharmony between financial stress and sustainable operations can be buffered by decentralizing customer structure. This study contributes to a new insight around the effect of customer in harmonizing finance and sustainability issues in manufacturers of emerging markets, thereby inspiring backbone industries to reach business sustainability assisted by a broad customer group.


Intestinal malabsorption resulting from this disease is rare, and only two recent reports are available. The clinical picture of severe malnutrition with a bizarre duodenal lesion and larvae of the S.S. in the duodenal mucosa is presented in three cases. The existence of malabsorption as deduced by the low serum albumin levels and other biochemical tests, as well as the depressed absorption of iron salts and D. Xylose are presented. The iron absorption, compared with that in hookworm infestation, is presented. Histological evidence of flattening of the duodenal mucosa and mucosal invasion by the rhabditiform larvae are also presented. Treatment with dithiazine iodide may produce recovery (AU)


The stratospheric ozone layer depletion causes an increase in solar ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B, 290--320 nm) reaching the earth's surface. This may adversely affect agricultural and forestry production because enhanced UV-B may inhibit photosynthesis. The nuclear genes encoding light-harvesting complex II proteins (Ihcb), which are components essential for the first step of photosynthesis, are extremely sensitive to UV-B. It is possible that UV-B down-regulates lhcb genes by damaging chloroplasts, for the transcription of these genes requires intact chloroplasts, the intracellular organelles most fragile upon UV-B exposure. In order to test this hypothesis, pea (Pisum sativum L.) seedlings were treated with norflurazon, an inhibitor of carotenoid biosynthesis, to increase the sensitivity of chloroplasts to photo-oxidative stress. The norflurazon-treated plants were grown under dim red light to exclude complexity caused by photoreceptors other than phytochromes. Opposite to the hypothesis that damage to chloroplasts may increase the sensitivity of lhcb gene expression to UV-B, UV-B exposure increased rather than reduced lhcb transcript accumulation under dim red light in seedlings after chloroplasts were partially photobleached by norflurazon and white light exposure. Thus, mature, intact chloroplasts are required for UV-B to exert an inhibitory effect on pea lhcb mRNA accumulation Using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, all seven members of the lhcb family were found to respond similarly to UV-B; that is, mRNA accumulation for each gene decreased in green leaves but increased in etiolated buds. The UV-B response of these pea 1hcb genes divided them into the same two subfamilies as defined by their response to red light, suggesting a possible link between the signal transduction pathways mediating UV-B and red light effects on the genes. As determined by examination of lhcb1*2 and lhcb1*4 mRNA accumulation, a carotenoid-related component may mediate UV-B inhibition of both subfamilies, while a chlorophyll-related component may only mediate UV-B inhibition of the subfamily represented by lhcb1*2. However, a carotenoid-related component only mediated red light effects on the subfamily represented by lhcb1*2 while a chlorophyll-related component mediated the red light effects on both subfamilies. Moreover, UV-B protected the red light-linked chloroplast components against white light-induced photodamage, suggesting that the UV-B and red light pathways are not identical. In addition, cDNA clones of six UV-B-responsive genes were identified in pea using rapid amplification of 3' cDNA ends by the polymerase chain reaction. Among them, psUVzinc, psUVRub and psUVDeh were UV-B-repressible, and psUVaux, psUVglu , and psUVrib were UV-B-inducible. The nucleotide sequence of psUVzinc was not closely related to any gene registered in GenBank, representing a novel UV-B-responsive gene in pea. The other clones shared sequence similarity with genes encoding Rubisco activase, beta-1,3-glucanase, the pea dehydrin cognate B61, some 40S ribosomal proteins and a putative auxin-repressed protein of apricot, respectively. The cloning of these UV-B-responsive genes has generated new ideas concerning how UV-B affects plant growth and development.


The present invention relates to a face milling cutter, comprising a handle and a blade of the plurality of insert. A first insert cutting edge directed substantially axially of the shank, the second insert acts on the workpiece surface is substantially a plane machined. Each of the second insert against the insert is fixed on the spacer, the spacer is connected to the blade than the small insert in the thickness direction and the width direction. It determines the thickness of the spacer is connected to the blade cutting edge relative to the first blade insert. The present invention also relates to a milling cutter insert blade and an axial position on the detection plane filled with milling inserts for insert.


An electronic resource (E- Resource) is any information source that the library provides access to in an electronic format. E-Resource consist of e-books,e-journals,e-thesis, e-library, e- databases, e-portfolio, etc.. In this research paper an attempt has been made to construct and standardize the E- Resources Knowledge Test to measure E- Resources knowledge of higher secondary teachers, as there is no suitable questionnaire available to measure the E- Resources knowledge of higher secondary teachers. Information Technology has introduced considerable changes in almost all walks of life. Yet the journey of innovations and developments by Information technology is not over. This is a fact that information technology is an endless stream of possibilities which cannot be summed up in a book or in an article. It is an acknowledged truth that information technology has dramatically changed the world and we can guess the coming times will introduce many new things. Technology also has the power to transform teaching by ushering in a new model of connected teaching. This model links teachers to their students and to professional content, resources, and systems to help them improve their own instruction and personalize learning. Online learning opportunities and the use of open educational resources and other technologies can increase educational productivity by accelerating the rate of learning; reducing costs associated with instructional materials or program delivery; and better utilizing teacher time. Since teachers are the role model of student's community and teachers knowledge very useful to the students. In that time teacher's e-resources knowledge is very must. That is why the researcher feels teachers have enough e-resources knowledge, they can in turn inculcate to their students. Hence the investigator decides to choose higher secondary teachers as the sample for this study. In order to construct the test the investigator collected a variety of information regarding e-resources from the experts and other sources, Based on that as many as 56 multiple choice questions covering the following dimensions were coined: 1. E-Books 2. E-Journals 3. E-Thesis 4. E-Library 5. E-Databases 6. E-Portfolio 7. E-Governance 8. You tube METHODOLOGY


e18639 Background: Lung cancer is the second most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer deaths in both sex in the United States (US). Prostate cancer is the most common in men, while in women being breast cancer. America's Health Rankings (AHR) is a comprehensive assessment of the nation's health on a state-by-state basis to determine state health rankings annually. We aimed to evaluate the association, which has not been investigated, between state-level health disparity as measured by AHR and lung, breast, and prostate cancer incidence and mortality in the US. Methods: We examined lung, breast and prostate cancer incidence and mortality data for 2015-2019 from the United States Cancer Statistics (USCS) database provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Overall state health rankings were obtained from AHR and calculated by an equation using weighted measures in five different categories: 25% Behaviors, 22.5% Community & Environment, 12.5% Policy, 15% Clinical Care, and 25% Outcomes. We extracted 2015-2019 AHR data and further classified state health rankings into quartiles (1st [the healthiest] = rank 1 to 13; 4th [the least healthy] = rank 38 to 50). Associations of cancer incidence and mortality with overall state health rankings were analyzed by negative binomial regressions. Results: From 2015 to 2019, age-adjusted incidence rate per 100,000 population for lung, breast, and prostate cancer were 56.3, 128.0 and 109.8, respectively. Age-adjusted mortality rate per 100,000 population for lung, breast, and prostate cancer were 36.7, 19.9 and 18.9, respectively. Among 50 states we included for analysis, AHR indicated that Hawaii was the healthiest state (No.1) whereas Mississippi was the least healthy state (No. 50) for overall health rankings. States in the 4th quartile of health ranking were significantly associated with greater lung cancer incidence (Rate Ratio [RR]: 1.34 [95% CI, 1.18-1.52]) and mortality (1.50 [1.32-1.71]) than those in the 1st quartile. This was pronounced for age < 65 (Incidence [I]: 1.63 [1.36-1.96]; Mortality [M]: 1.93 [1.51-2.48]), Male (I: 1.48 [1.30-1.67]); M: 1.66 [1.47-1.87]), and Black (I: 1.43 [1.22-1.66]; M: 1.54 [1.32-1.79]). Black women living in states with worse health rankings had higher relative risks of breast cancer incidence (1.14 [1.03-1.26]) and mortality (1.27 [1.05-1.53]). There was no significant association between state health rankings and prostate cancer incidence and mortality in the US. Conclusions: There are significant differences in lung, breast, and prostate cancer incidence and mortality within the US. States with worse health rankings had higher cancer incidence and mortality, and varied by different demographics. Our findings suggests that advanced cancer screening and targeted public health interventions should be prioritized in areas with health disadvantages to improve cancer disparity.


In order to reduce the light on the face recognition effect, a method of obtaining reflection coefficient through the multi-level self-quotient image is proposed. Firstly, source image as input image is enhanced through the method of non-linearity unsharp masking. It can get reflection coefficient and light component through self-quotient image method. Then, the paper takes the light component as a new input image and repeats the above operations. Finally, it can obtain the final reflection coefficient after all reflection coefficients got in each level is fusion. The results on YaleB face database show that the method can remove the influence of light, make the face recognition rate has improved to a certain extent.


The majority of modern Biblical scholars agree in that within 1 Cor 15:3-7 Paul quote a primitive Christian "creed". But they debate the extent, origin and date, meaning of the "creed". So the purpose of this article is to examine the pre-pauline creed in 1 Cor. 15:1-11. Most scholars argue that the formal 'creed terminated with v. 5b. But I suggest that the extent of the "creed" reaches from v. 3b to v.6a and also includes v.7 on the basis of structure and contextual evidence. For example, 1) the remarkable parallels between vv.5b-6a and 7 are obvious 2) the e'peita references do not indicate that the creed ends, but simple indicates a flow between versed 5 and 7. 3) there are at least two non-Pauline word in v. 6 which are evpa,nw and evfa,pax. What is the origin of "the creed"? There were two positions. While scholars such as Jeremias posited an Aramaic origin for the creed, those such as Conzelmann and Kloppenborg argued for a Greek origin for creed. I argue that it is possible that the creed has a Semitic base, though it definitely was developed in a Greek speaking environment. Concerning the date of creed, virtually all critical scholars agree that Paul received the creed no later than five years after the crucifixion, with majority holding that the material was passed on to him when he visited Jerusalem three years after his conversion (Gal 1:18-19). Hence the date of the creed AD 35, assuming the truth of the majority view that Jesus' crucifixion occurred in AD 30 and Paul's conversion in AD 32. Since the creed would have been formulated before Paul received it, the creed in its final form should be dated even earlier than AD 35. What is the creed's meaning of the resurrection of Jesus? I argue on the basis of the creed that the earliest followers of Jesus both believed in his physical resurrection and recounted resurrection appearances qualitatively different from that of Paul. What is the purpose the creed? 1) Paul definitely wants to argue for the historicity of the resurrection of Christ. His reference that the five-hundred brethren are still alive clearly indicates that they were alive for questioning. 2) Not only does Paul argue that the gospel he preached is rooted in eyewitness testimony but also his gospel is the same as the apostles. 3) He wants to demonstrate to the Corinthians the legitimacy of his apostleship.


Osteopontin is an arginine-glycine–aspartate (RGD) containing adhesive glycoprotein first identified in bone but subsequently detected in many other tissues, including, dentin, cartilage, kidney, and vascular tissues.1–3 It is expressed by a wide variety of inflammatory cells (eg, macrophages, T lymphocytes, NK cells), and, to a lesser extent, by endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells. The RGD domain facilitates tissue binding of osteopontin to various extracellular matrix proteins, such as v 3 integrin and fibronectin. Additionally, osteopontin may engage CD44 through an RGD-independent mechanism. In extracellular fluids, osteopontin functions as a cytokine, and its plasma levels are increased in autoimmune diseases such as lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, and multiple sclerosis.4 The diverse biological actions of osteopontin could potentially regulate many processes pertinent to vascular disease, including inflammation, cell adhesion, viability, angiogenesis, and calcification (Figure).5,6 Such actions may underlie its presumed role in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis and in modulating arteriopathy associated with diabetes and chronic renal failure (reviewed by Johnson et al7). Of relevance to the present topic, Bruemmer et al reported that deletion of osteopontin reduced formation of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) in mice infused with angiotensin II.8


Ethical responsibility in psychotherapy is expressed, among other things, in the way psychotherapists treat their patients, in particular in the way information about therapy is given and how patients come to their decisions about psychotherapy. "Informed consent" consists of the following components: competence to give consent, disclosure of information, comprehension, voluntariness, and decision making. These components were assessed in structured interviews with 50 psychotherapists. Priority was given to the following issues: disclosure practice, method of communicating consent information, problems of comprehension, limited voluntariness of patients, general attitude towards informed consent. Great variations, both in consent issues and among psychotherapists, are particularly noticeable in the findings. Goals, length, and financial/administrative aspects were discussed with many patients. Alternatives and effectiveness were not considered very much. Psychotherapists differed widely with regard to the...


I applaud Kadosh and colleagues (Establishing an Endoscopic Chronic Subglottic Stenosis Rabbit Model, Laryngoscope 132:1909, Oct, 2022) for their development of an elegant model for the endoscopic study of subglottic stenosis (SGS). However, I must note that an animal model for SGS, which I reported in 1982, was not cited in their report. In the 1982 study, it was shown that an animal model could be created (dogs) to induce SGS and then utilize various methods of correction applied endoscopically. This model created stenosis retrograde through a tracheotomy site while preserving the integrity of the laryngeal structures (cricoid) in the process. The endoscopic approach to the surgical correction of laryngeal lesions was introduced by Jackson and promoted vigorously by my mentors, Charles Vaughan and Stuart Strong in Boston, in the 1970's. This was at a time when endoscopic approaches to laryngeal surgery were not popular and the open correction of SGS was promoted. In addition, Kadosh and colleagues state that airway stenosis can be induced by CO2 laser injury as reported by other authors. In 1976 Mihashi, Strong, Vaughan and Jako proved that the proper use of the CO2 laser does not result in tissue injury or scarring. My study and the associated animal model showed that the laser, if properly applied, can be an effective tool for SGS correction. Others have also reported positive results in humans. Like any surgical tool, if used improperly, the laser can cause harm. Authors are encouraged to conduct a thorough search of the literature when reporting a recommended model for study. Maggio offers a thoughtful set of Key Points for authors regarding this need. Statements, ideas, and procedures reported in the medical literature, that may play a key role in patient care, must be thoroughly researched by authors to prevent future critical surgical errors.


Supplementary data tml http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/suppl/2009/07/07/rspb.2009.0752.DC1.h "Data Supplement" References http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/276/1672/3447.full.html#ref-list-1 This article cites 53 articles, 22 of which can be accessed free This article is free to access Subject collections (1051 articles) evolution   (59 articles) bioinformatics   (163 articles) molecular biology   Articles on similar topics can be found in the following collections


ABSTRACTDespite many advances in the area of software accessibility, thereare still many problems to be overcome that prevent a greateravailability of accessible software. One of these problems is thataccessibility is usually not included in the curriculum of computingcourses. This educational gap causes software development professionalsto leave college or university without understanding howthe software they develop can be adapted to guarantee its use bypeople with different needs and how to implement these adaptations.This work proposes and evaluates an accessibility teachingmethodology based on Design Thinking with the main objectiveof increasing accessibility awareness among students. The resultsindicate that the proposed methodology was effective and managedto significantly increase students' accessibility awareness, makingthem more sensitive and empathetic about the topic. The resultsalso showed that the students approved of the methodology andconsidered it interesting and engaging.


Background: Readmission rates are projected to serve as quality measures that have the potential to negatively impact hospital and physician reimbursement. Individual physicians and hospitals are developing plans to reduce readmission rates. Successful plans should be based on specific data obtained from each individual type of practice. Objective: To analyze the etiological factors responsible for readmissions to various teaching services in a community hospital. This will serve to identify potentially correctable factors that will be the basis for developing practice-specific plans to reduce readmissions. Design: Retrospective detailed chart review. Setting: Community teaching hospital affiliated with a large academic health care system. Participants: Patients admitted to teaching services at a community hospital. Measurements: Data are presented as descriptive analysis. Results: Advanced chronic medical conditions (31%), patients' lifestyle choices (28%), and new unrelated diagnoses (21%) are the major causes of readmissions. The remaining small percentage of readmissions is attributed to premature discharge, poor discharge planning, poor post-discharge follow-up, medication errors, and failure to implement medical care guidelines. Limitations: Retrospective study from a single center. Conclusions: Causes of readmission are diverse. Although most are universal, the relative contribution of each factor is unique to each population. Institutions should generate their own data in order to direct their resources toward 'high return' areas. Current studies emphasize the role of physicians and health systems in reducing readmission rates. However, the area of readmissions related to patients' behaviors is not well explored. Our study identified the role of patients' lifestyle choices as a major cause of readmission.


The efficient and environmentally friendly oxidative deprotection of trimethylsilyl ethers using zeofen under microwave irradiation in solvent free condition is described.


In distance education, teaching material reading has become the main means of talking, and it is also the main way for students to learn. It has become one of the aims of quality education. So researches into the way to read and its application have been done. By setting some processes and ways, the opinion that the ability of reading is unseen has been changed into the opinion that the ability of it can be taught and learned.