The MCNP code was used to predict critical reactivities for two classes of natural uranium fuel-ZEEP rods and seven element uranium dioxide bundles based on experimental configurations in the ZED-2 reactor and a geometrical model of the reactor.


A method for detecting the time-resolved electron energy distribution function for periodically varying plasmas is proposed. The method is applied to detecting the time-resolved distribution function for ionization wave packets externally excited in the helium positive column. The distribution function shifts to a higher one with increasing wave amplitude, yielding the two-humped distribution in a certain duration of the negative phase of fluctuated electric field due to the increase in acceleration of electrons.


The joining of dissimilar AA2024 and AA7075 aluminium plates of 6 mm thickness was carried out by friction stir welding (FSW) technique. In the present investigation, the high strength AA2024 T3 and 7075-T6 were welded by the FSW process. To certain the optimal mechanical properties by varying the rotational speed from 900 to 1400 rpm and welding speed between 30 to 60 mm/min. This work was aimed at studying the mechanical properties in dissimilar aluminum alloy joints. In this experimental the testing of mechanical properties input parameters, for example rotational speed, tool speed and axial force with appropriate welding parameters and the mechanical properties of FSW dissimilar aluminum alloy AA2024 and AA7075 has tested with the assistance of general testing machine, Higher mechanical properties are gotten with square pin profile tool at a rotation speed of 1400rpm and welding pace of 60mm/min. The test results revealed that sound imperfection free joints could be acquired when the high quality AA2024. The rigidity was enhanced at high heat input.


PreviewThe increased attention given to the aging process in recent years has not often extended to systematic study of age-related endocrine changes. As Dr Morley points out in this review, the multiplicity of these changes warrants adjustments in the diagnostic and therapeutic approach to the elderly. The major endocrine conditions seen are glandular failures. Atypical and nonspecific presentations abound, and diagnosis and therapy may be further clouded by the tendency toward multiple drug use in this age-group.A family physician who reviewed this article said, "Excellent overview—made me interested in reading some of the references for further information to help my treatment of geriatric patients in my practice."


Computational rational drug design is the application of computer simulation techniques to improve screening processes for new drugs or to design them de novo. The goal is to identify molecules that have high affinity and specificity for a target molecule. Optimizing the electrostatic binding free energy is tractable under certain assumptions as a quadratic optimization problem, but computationally expensive simulations have traditionally been required to determine the associated Hessian. Prior work showed that significant performance gains could be achieved by coupling physical simulation directly to the optimization process and avoiding the calculation of the Hessian. The present paper details recent improvements to this method and the implementation of a practical, full-scale code. Computational results demonstrate the code's efficiency on large problems and accuracy solving a realistic biomolecule optimization problem.


This paper describes a new method for quantifying the similarity of the lexical distribution of phonemes in different varieties of a language (in this case English). In addition to introducing the method, it discusses phonological problems which must be addressed if any comparison of this sort is to be attempted, and applies the method to a limited data set of varieties of English. Since the method assesses their structural similarity, it will be useful for analysing the historical development of varieties of English and the relationships (either as a result of common origin or of contact) that hold between them.


The title N-nitrosamine was detected in a mineral oil cutting fluid concentrate up to 30 mg per kg. Compound identification was performed by gaschromatography-mass spectrometry and synthesis. A possible route of formation of the detected N-nitrosamine starting from 1-amino-2-propanol is suggested.


There are a variety of techniques employed for the microanalysis of materials. The majority of these techniques employ focused ions or electron beams to probe the materials. In recent years, a technique called Laser Microprobe Mass Spectrometry has been developed to provide a unique and complementary characterization capability. This paper will deal with the basic phenomena involved, instrumentation and illustrations of the technique's utility with a variety of applications.


 Analyzing laterally-loaded pile with MSE wall system using reduced scale model.  The lateral resistance of pile increased with an increase of the slenderness ratio.  The pressure applied on MSE wall decreased with an increase of the pile offset. Mechanically Stabilized Earth Walls (MSE) were widely used in several essential infrastructures, such as the abutments on a bridge. The need for a support base for a shallow or a deep bridge increased in the MSE wall system. In this research, factors affecting the performance of laterally loaded piles embedded in medium dense sand with a relative density of 50% behind an MSE wall were studied using lower-scale models in the laboratory. For instance, the effect of pile offset and slenderness ratio on the pile's lateral capacity and pressure on the MSE wall. Three different slenderness ratios were introduced (i.e. L/D of 19.3, 21.7, and 24.1). The results showed a significant increase in pile lateral capacity occurring with the increase in pile offset or slenderness ratio (i.e., L/D). While increasing the pile offset reduced, the pressure on the wall so that the wall's effect will be insignificant when the pile offset reaches a


It has been said that if responsibility for the Nazi camps can be laid at the feet of any one man, that man is Reinhard Heydrich. Retribution for his violent death included several thousand executions and two villages being razed to the ground. Based on previously untouched archive material and interviews with surviving members of SOE and Czech military intelligence, this is an account of the motives for killing Heydrich, the course of the plan to execute him and how his killers were tracked down.


ABSTRACT Research on gender and issue competency stereotypes frequently deems security affairs a "stereotypically masculine" domain. Traditionally, men are seen as more credible authorities in arenas such as crime and the military, while women are assumed to be more credible in "stereotypically feminine" ones like childcare and health. But women's roles in politics, media, and other influential sectors are rapidly changing in the Mediterranean and MENA region. To test the conventional wisdom, we conducted an original, nationally representative survey in Jordan (n=885) focused on the media sector, using an embedded experiment assessing beliefs about the suitability of men versus women to report and offer commentary on national security affairs—specifically, an internal security threat (a high-profile bank robbery). Strong patriarchal norms suggest that the country should be an "easy case" for theories positing bias against women as experts in stereotypically masculine issue areas. Our results, however, do not support this conventional wisdom, instead suggesting egalitarianism and even a modest credibility advantage for women on assumptions about expertise. Theoretically, we contribute by proposing three novel explanations for why and when women in patriarchal contexts may evade classic sexist backlash, and perhaps achieve greater credibility than men, as authorities in traditionally masculine domains.


The present invention discloses a ticagrelor (Ticagrelor) Intermediate 4,6-dichloro-5-nitro-2- (propylthio) pyrimidine was prepared (Intermediate A), which comprises the steps of: 2-nitro-1,3-malonic acid alkyl ester (I) and thiourea (II) occurs cyclization reaction of 5-nitro-2-thioxo - sodium pentobarbital (III), 5- nitro-2-thio - sodium pentobarbital (III) with a halogenated propane (IV) sulfur alkylation reaction to give 4,6-dihydroxy-5-nitro-2- (propan-mercapto) pyrimidine (V ), 4,6-dihydroxy-5-nitro-2- (propan-mercapto) pyrimidine (V) obtained after chlorination of intermediate ticagrelor dichloro-5-nitro-2- ( propylthio) pyrimidine (intermediate A). The preparation of raw materials, the method is simple, economical and environmentally friendly, is conducive to the industrial production of the drug, and to promote economic and technological development of the drug substance.


Chip scale package (CSP) and fine pitch ball grid array (BGA) packages have been increasingly used in portable electronic products such as mobile cell phones and PDA, etc. Drop impact which is inevitable during its usage could cause not only housing crack but also package to board interconnect failure, such as BGA solder breaks. Various drop tests have been used to ensure high reliability performance of packaging to withstand such impact and shock load. Due to extreme difficulty in directly measuring responses in solder joint during drop shock event, computer simulation based modeling approach has been increasingly played an important role in evaluating product reliability performance during product development. An advanced modeling technique with a comprehensive failure criterion including high strain rate effect needs to be developed to quantitatively evaluate package reliability performance especially in cross comparisons between different board and system level designs. In this paper, three drop tests have been modeled, namely, bare board drop, board with fixture drop or shock, and system level phone drop. Submodeling and explicit-implicit sequential modeling techniques are used to characterize the dynamic responses of CSP/BGA packages in different board designs. Failure criteria and effects of strain rate and edge support on BGA in multicomponent boards are also investigated. A validation test with data acquisition is used to correlate the test results with numerical results.


Introduction:
 T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) originating from early T-cell precursors (ETP-ALL) has distinct immunophenotype (CD1a-CD8-CD5-/weak and positive for myeloid or stem-cell markers [My-HSC+]) and is associated with poor outcome with 5-year (yr) survival <25%. Some T-ALL cases are transcriptionally similar to ETP-ALL but the level of CD5 expression is not low enough to meet the immunophenotypic criteria of ETP-ALL (near-ETP ALL), and their outcome remains unknown (Coustan-Smith et al. Lancet Oncol 2009). The aim of this study is to characterize the patients (pts) with ETP-ALL, near-ETP ALL, and other T-ALL, and compare their outcomes.
 Methods:
 We reviewed 217 pts with newly diagnosed T-ALL or T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LL) who received treatment at our institution between 8/2000 and 2/2020. Of the 217 pts, 196 pts with full immunophenotypic data were classified into: 1) ETP if CD1a-CD8-CD5-/weakMy-HSC+ (N=36), 2) near-ETP if CD1a-CD8-CD5strongMy-HSC+ (N=27), and 3) non-ETP if not classified as ETP or near-ETP (N=133). Minimal residual disease (MRD) was assessed by multicolor flow cytometry with a sensitivity of 10−4 cells. Overall survival (OS) was calculated from the start date of treatment to the date of death, or last follow-up. Event-free survival (EFS) was calculated from the start date of treatment to the date of death or treatment failure, or last follow-up. Cox regression model was used for univariate and multivariate analysis (MVA). Allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) was considered as a time-dependent variable.
 Results:
 Pts characteristics are summarized in Table 1. ETP-ALL pts tended to be older than near-ETP/non-ETP ALL pts. ETP/near-ETP ALL pts were more likely to present with ALL, and less likely to have diploid karyotype. By definition, near-ETP ALL had significantly higher CD5 expression compared with ETP-ALL (median 94% vs 6%, p < 0.001). CD117 was less likely to be positive in near-ETP ALL than in ETP-ALL (8% vs 67%, p = 0.001), whereas there was no difference in CD13 (p = 1), CD34 (p = 1), and HLA-DR (p = 0.157) positivity rates. Among 55 pts with available mutation data, NOTCH1 was most frequently mutated across all 3 subtypes (31% vs 70% vs 35% in ETP vs near-ETP vs non-ETP), whereas DNMT3A mutations and RAS/RTK mutations were more enriched in ETP-ALL (DNMT3A: 25% vs 0% vs 7%; RAS/RTK: 38% vs 0% vs 14% in ETP vs near-ETP vs non-ETP). Mutations in transcription factor genes were detected in ETP-ALL and near-ETP ALL, but not in non-ETP ALL (31% vs 40% vs 0% in ETP vs near-ETP vs non-ETP, Figure 1). Treatment was mainly based on hyper-CVAD (HCVAD). Complete remission (CR)/CR with incomplete count recovery rate was similar among 3 subtypes (84% vs 85% vs 90% in ETP vs near-ETP vs non-ETP). MRD negativity rate was 74% vs 56% vs 92% in ETP vs near-ETP vs non-ETP. More ETP/near-ETP ALL pts received allo-SCT in CR1 (39% vs 22% vs 5% in ETP vs near-ETP vs non-ETP). With a median follow-up of 71 months (95% CI: 56-100), 59 pts relapsed and 83 died. The estimated 5-yr EFS and 5-yr OS rates for the entire cohort were 53% (95% CI: 46%-61%) and 57% (95% CI: 49%-64%), respectively. The 5-yr EFS/OS rates were 26/34%, 48/57%, 62/63% in ETP, near-ETP, and non-ETP ALL, respectively. ETP-ALL pts had significantly worse survival than did non-ETP ALL pts (p = 0.002 for EFS, p = 0.007 for OS), whereas there was no difference in outcome between near-ETP and non-ETP ALL (p = 0.28 for EFS, p = 0.673 for OS, Figure 2). Allo-SCT in CR1 did not improve the outcome in near-ETP ALL (5-yr OS 63% vs 55%, p = 0.638) and non-ETP ALL pts (67% vs 62%, p = 0.903). In contrast, among ETP-ALL pts, allo-SCT seemed to be beneficial with borderline significance (5-yr OS 36% vs 27%, p = 0.06). Survival advantage of additional nelarabine (nel) to HCVAD therapy was observed only in non-ETP ALL pts (5-yr OS 77% vs 51% in HCVAD+nel vs HCVAD, p = 0.001, Figure 3). MVA revealed that age ≥60 (HR 2.38, p = 0.022), elevated WBC ≥100×109/L (HR 2.99, p = 0.001), and ETP phenotype (HR 2.10, p = 0.018) were significant prognostic factors for OS. Among 90 pts with MRD data, age ≥60 (HR 2.97, p = 0.044), WBC ≥100×109/L (HR 4.25, p <0.001), and positive MRD (HR 2.24, p = 0.04) were found to be prognostic (Table 2).
 Conclusions:
 ETP-ALL pts had poor outcome that is improved with allo-SCT, whereas near-ETP ALL pts showed similar survival rate to non-ETP ALL pts. Novel therapies targeting myeloid/stem cells are expected to improve the outcome in ETP-ALL and near-ETP ALL pts.

 Kantarjian: Ascentage: Research Funding; Daiichi-Sankyo: Honoraria, Research Funding; BMS: Research Funding; Immunogen: Research Funding; Jazz: Research Funding; Novartis: Honoraria, Research Funding; Pfizer: Honoraria, Research Funding; Sanofi: Research Funding; Actinium: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Adaptive biotechnologies: Honoraria; Amgen: Honoraria, Research Funding; Aptitute Health: Honoraria; BioAscend: Honoraria; Delta Fly: Honoraria; Janssen: Honoraria; Oxford Biomedical: Honoraria; Abbvie: Honoraria, Research Funding. Ravandi:Xencor: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Abbvie: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria; Jazz Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Macrogenics: Research Funding; AstraZeneca: Consultancy, Honoraria; BMS: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Amgen: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Astellas: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Orsenix: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding. Jain:Cellectis: Research Funding; Janssen: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; AbbVie: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Precision Bioscienes: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Fate Therapeutics: Research Funding; AstraZeneca: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; ADC Therapeutics: Research Funding; Pfizer: Research Funding; Genentech: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Aprea Therapeutics: Research Funding; Verastem: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Adaptive Biotechnologies: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Pharmacyclics: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Servier: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; BMS: Research Funding; Incyte: Research Funding; TG Therapeutics: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; BeiGene: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Konopleva:Amgen: Consultancy; AstraZeneca: Research Funding; Genentech: Consultancy, Research Funding; Calithera: Research Funding; Stemline Therapeutics: Consultancy, Research Funding; Reata Pharmaceutical Inc.;: Patents & Royalties: patents and royalties with patent US 7,795,305 B2 on CDDO-compounds and combination therapies, licensed to Reata Pharmaceutical; Forty-Seven: Consultancy, Research Funding; Sanofi: Research Funding; Kisoji: Consultancy; Agios: Research Funding; AbbVie: Consultancy, Research Funding; Eli Lilly: Research Funding; Rafael Pharmaceutical: Research Funding; Ascentage: Research Funding; Ablynx: Research Funding; Cellectis: Research Funding; F. Hoffmann La-Roche: Consultancy, Research Funding. Short:Takeda Oncology: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Astellas: Research Funding; Amgen: Honoraria; AstraZeneca: Consultancy. Sasaki:Daiichi Sankyo: Consultancy; Pfizer Japan: Consultancy; Otsuka: Honoraria; Novartis: Consultancy, Research Funding. DiNardo:MedImmune: Honoraria; Novartis: Consultancy; ImmuneOnc: Honoraria; Calithera: Research Funding; Agios: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Notable Labs: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Jazz: Honoraria; Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Daiichi Sankyo: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Takeda: Honoraria; AbbVie: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Syros: Honoraria. Kadia:Novartis: Honoraria; Pfizer: Honoraria, Research Funding; Ascentage: Research Funding; Cellenkos: Research Funding; Astra Zeneca: Research Funding; Genentech: Honoraria, Research Funding; Cyclacel: Research Funding; Pulmotec: Research Funding; Astellas: Research Funding; Incyte: Research Funding; Celgene: Research Funding; Abbvie: Honoraria, Research Funding; BMS: Honoraria, Research Funding; JAZZ: Honoraria, Research Funding; Amgen: Research Funding. Garcia-Manero:Bristol-Myers Squibb: Consultancy, Research Funding; Helsinn Therapeutics: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Jazz Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy; Merck: Research Funding; Novartis: Research Funding; Onconova: Research Funding; Amphivena Therapeutics: Research Funding; H3 Biomedicine: Research Funding; AbbVie: Honoraria, Research Funding; Acceleron Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy, Honoraria; Astex Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Genentech: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding. Daver:Bristol-Myers Squibb: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Genentech: Research Funding; AbbVie: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Astellas: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Novimmune: Research Funding; Gilead: Consultancy, Membership on an


Down syndrome (further SD) is the most common chromosomopathy with incidence of 1: 600. Williams syndrome (further WS) is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder with incidence of 1:20000-25000. Persons with these disorders have the same cognitive deficit, but different language ability. The goal of this research was to test narrative ability of children with DS and children with WS. The research was carried out on a sample of 40 children with DS, 5 children with WS and 40 children with normal language development. The children were equalized on the criteria of receptive age. For receptive age assessment, we used the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT- III-HR ; Kovacevic and ass., 2009). Expressive ability was tested on the variables: naming concepts, narration, and verbal description of the mother. The assumption was that the children with WS, according to all tested variables, would have better ability than children with DS, but poorer than children with normal language development. A statistical difference was found on two variables: narration and verbal description of the mother. As we assumed, the children with DS achieved significantly lower results then children with WS and children with regular development. However, statistically significant difference between children with WS and children with regular development was not found. The results confirm deficient expression in children with DS and its relatively well preservation in children with WS.


Landslides are geological disasters affected by a variety of factors that have the characteristics of a strong destructive nature and rapid development and cause major harm to the safety of people's lives and property within the scope of the disaster. Excessive landslide susceptibility mapping (LSM) factors can reduce the accuracy of LSM results and are not conducive to researchers finding the key LSM factors. In this study, with the Three Gorges Reservoir area to the Padang section as an example, the frequency ratio (FR), index of entropy (IOE), Relief-F algorithm, and weights-of-evidence (WOE) Bayesian model were used to sort and screen the importance of 20 LSM factors; then, the LSMs generated based on different factor sets modeled are evaluated and further scored. The results showed that the IOE screening factor was better than the FR, Relief-F, and WOE Bayesian models in the case of retaining no fewer than eight factors; the score for 20 factors without screening was 45 points, and the score for 12 factors screened based on the IOE was 44.8 points, indicating that there was an optimal retention number that had little effect on the LSM results when IOE screening was used. The core factor set obtained by the method for comparing the increase in scores and the increase in corresponding factors effectively improved the accuracy of the LSM results, thus verifying the effectiveness of the proposed method for ranking the importance of LSM factors. The method proposed in this study can effectively screen the key LSM factors and improve the accuracy and scientific soundness of LSM results.


The purpose of this article is to examine the information and communication technology infrastructure in 38 engineering college libraries in north Karnataka by investigating the library resources, ICT infrastructure and current status of library automation and attitudes towards the use of ICT. Were data tools used questionnaire and observation method with engineering college librarians. Study Fund that the Application of ICT in engineering college libraries has user average. Majority the engineering colleges have library automation, digital library management software and library network using in the engineering college libraries.


When hearing a pronoun, people find its referent effortlessly most of the time. However, across languages, pronominal systems vary: While in one language, a pronoun may point to a referent as a function of its accessibility in discourse, in others, pronoun resolution might rely on a range of different processes, specific to each individual pronominal form. In three studies, using an act-out task in English, German and Polish, we found evidence for an overarching tendency, but also crosslinguistic differences: In general, participants were more likely to relate simple pronouns to single, most salient referents and demonstratives to conceptual composites, but cross-linguistic differences reflect the complexity of each language's pronominal system. Overall, our results extend the empirical basis for anaphora resolution, refining a model of anaphora resolution as a multifaceted interaction of various linguistic and non-linguistic mechanisms at its core.


The astrobiological search for life, both extinct and extant, on other solar system bodies will take place via several planned lander missions to Mars Europa and Titan. The detection and identification of organic molecules that have been associated with life is a major technical challenge. Terrestrial life utilizes organic molecules, such as amino acids, as its basic building block. Amino acids can be synthesized by natural processes as is demonstrated by their detection in meteoritic material. In this process, the organic molecules are produced roughly in a even mixture of D and L forms. Biological process, however, can utilize almost uniquely one form or the other. In terrestrial biology, only the L-amino acids is common in biological processes. If signature of life existed elsewhere in the D form it then be concluded that life had evolutionary beginning on that body. Detection of an enantiomeric excess of L over D would also be a powerful sign that life had existed on that body at one time.


In previous work we have extended the popular Model Predictive Control (MPC) design technique to a class of discrete event systems that can be described by a model that is "linear" in the max-plus algebra. In this paper we study the steady-state behavior of these so-called max-plus-linear systems in the case of an output cost criterion. We derive improved tuning rules for the controller parameters that guarantee us a feasible and stable operation of the controller in the unconstrained case. An example shows that violation of the tuning rules may destabilize the closed-loop system.


Nutrient management adopting various decision-support tools plays a key role in obtaining better rice yield. Thereby, three nutrient management strategies; i


The Grand Duchy of Luxembourg held the reins of the EU Council presidency between 1 July
and 31 December 2015. This was the 12th time that the second-smallest and the richest EU
member state1
held the rotating Council presidency. As one of the founding members of the
EU, Luxembourg has sound experience to bring to this role. It was, however, their first presidency
since the entry into force of the Lisbon Treaty and its introduction of the trio presidency format, this
time including Italy and Latvia. Under the slogan 'A Union for the Citizens', Luxembourg had the
task of concluding certain major dossiers before the end of the trio's term and was able to contribute to
its overarching agenda, especially regarding the priorities of financial stability, growth stimulation and
the digital agenda.


In its beginnings, growth literature viewed absolute convergence between countries (and regions) as a kind of natural law. In the meantime, however, it is known that countries follow rather club convergence, which means that per capita incomes polarise. The two concepts will first be defined. Thereafter, selected approaches seeking an explanation for this phenomenon are presented. The article closes with an analysis of the empirical distribution of incomes across the regions of the EU.


Although heparin chains have a common backbone of alternating sulfoaminoglucosamine and uronic acid units, it is well established that there are heterogeneities in the fine structure of the polymeric macromolecule.1 The variations arise from differences in the nature of the uronic acid, i.e., glucuronic or iduronic; the degree of sulfation and positions of sulfate ester groups; the occurrence of small amounts of N-acetylglucosamine and unsubstituted glucosamine; and the presence or absence of a unique oligosaccharide sequence that is crucial for anticoagulant activity. Another complexity is due to the fact that heparin is heterodisperse, since the apparent molecular weight of the polysaccharide chain ranges from approximately 8000 to 30,000. The structure and relative amounts of different types of units within heparin were elucidated by qualitative and quantitative analysis of diand oligosaccharides isolated after chemical and enzymatic degradation of the polysachar ride.^-^ These investigations demonstrated the specific oligosaccharide sequences that predominate as well as the presence of a number of units that occur in relatively lesser proportions. Assuming a certain uniformity in the overall sequence of components in fractionated heparin, the aim of our investigations was to define the location of specific structures within the polysaccharide chain. Previous studies were conducted with a fraction of heparin from beef lung that contained the highest molecular weight components. This fraction was separated further according to anticoagulant activity by affinity chromatography on antithrombin-linked Sepharose. Specific locations in the chain were then defined according to their distance from the reducing terminus. The general strategy is described in FIGURE 1. Heparin was linked to an extension of an insoluble matrix via its reducing terminus.8 This was followed by limited degradation of the polysaccharide chain with nitrous acid and removal of the resultant fragments. The remaining linked chains were then released from the matrix. This procedure yielded a mixture of chains with different sizes, all arising from the reducing t e r m i n ~ s . ~ Fractionation of the products by gel filtration and analyses of the fractions for specific components provided the requisite information for defining their location in terms of distance from the reducing terminus. Experiments of this type utilizing high-activity heparin revealed that the anticoagulant-conferring sec-


A battery cover latching structure comprising a first cover, with a first cover catch with a battery cover, the battery cover structure further comprises a latch and a reset button member, said push button catch to the battery cover is provided on the button holder abutting portion, the resetting member comprises a second end portion and a deformable portion is connected to the two ends of the elastic portion, an end portion of the resetting member is connected to the first cover, and the other end and an elastic portion abutting portion abuts against the button, and the elastic deformation of the return member resists the battery cover.


We study the distribution over measurement outcomes of noisy random quantum circuits in the low-fidelity regime. We show that, for local noise that is sufficiently weak and unital, correlations (measured by the linear cross-entropy benchmark) between the output distribution $p_{\text{noisy}}$ of a generic noisy circuit instance and the output distribution $p_{\text{ideal}}$ of the corresponding noiseless instance shrink exponentially with the expected number of gate-level errors, as $F=\text{exp}(-2s\epsilon \pm O(s\epsilon^2))$, where $\epsilon$ is the probability of error per circuit location and $s$ is the number of two-qubit gates. Furthermore, if the noise is incoherent, the output distribution approaches the uniform distribution $p_{\text{unif}}$ at precisely the same rate and can be approximated as $p_{\text{noisy}} \approx Fp_{\text{ideal}} + (1-F)p_{\text{unif}}$, that is, local errors are scrambled by the random quantum circuit and contribute only white noise (uniform output). Importantly, we upper bound the total variation error (averaged over random circuit instance) in this approximation as $O(F\epsilon \sqrt{s})$, so the"white-noise approximation"is meaningful when $\epsilon \sqrt{s} \ll 1$, a quadratically weaker condition than the $\epsilon s\ll 1$ requirement to maintain high fidelity. The bound applies when the circuit size satisfies $s \geq \Omega(n\log(n))$ and the inverse error rate satisfies $\epsilon^{-1} \geq \tilde{\Omega}(n)$. The white-noise approximation is useful for salvaging the signal from a noisy quantum computation; it was an underlying assumption in complexity-theoretic arguments that low-fidelity random quantum circuits cannot be efficiently sampled classically. Our method is based on a map from second-moment quantities in random quantum circuits to expectation values of certain stochastic processes for which we compute upper and lower bounds.


Background : Evacuation of traffic accident victims in the pre-hospital stage is giving first aid to the victims in the accident location which is related to moving the victims. Red Cross Youth is a guidance forum from the Indonesian Red Cross whose duty is holding events related to health within the school or community. Improving knowledge of Red Cross Youth members can be done by giving pre-hospital pocketbook about the evacuation of traffic accident victims.Objective : Determining the effect of giving pre-hospital pocketbook about the evacuation of traffic accident victims on the knowledge of SMA Negeri 1 Sokaraja Red Cross Youth members.Method : The research used pre-experimental design through one group pre-test post-test approach. The research test used paired sample t-test involving 40 respondents, taken through total sampling.Results : It is found that giving pre-hospital pocketbook about the evacuation of traffic accident victims has an effect on the knowledge of SMA Negeri 1Sokaraja Red Cross Youth members with the p-value of 0.000.Conclusion : Giving pre-hospital pocketbook about the evacuation of traffic accident victims has an effect in improving the knowledge of Red Cross Youth members of SMA Negeri 1 Sokaraja.


Although the sentences in (1)-(3) look similar on the surface level, I will argue that there is an important difference between their structures that can be identified with the help of repetitive adverbs: English again, Russian opjat' 'again' and Georgian isev 'again'. In the recent literature ([Cuervo 2003], [Schäfer 2008] among others) it has been argued that interpretation of dative / applied arguments and their position in the syntactic structure strongly depend on event structure of verbs with which they combine. Under the approach developed in [Cuervo 2003], for example, the event structure of a verb is represented in syntax by different flavors of vs (vDO, vGO, vBE). Dative arguments, which are introduced by an applicative projection, differ with respect to where they are introduced in the syntactically represented lexical decomposition of a given verb. Under this view, crosslinguistic variation in structures with two objects arises due to the properties of applicative projections: applicative projections in different languages differ with respect to what they can take as their complement and with respect to what projections can take them as their complements. This approach assumes that all the differences between structures where an applied argument is higher than the direct object are determined by the event structure of a given verb. A natural question that arises then is the following: what evidence can we make use of in order to determine the exact placement of applicative arguments in lexical decompositions of verbs? Appealing to semantics of predicates and to interpretations of applied arguments does not seem to be good enough: we do not want the syntactic representation to be entirely determined by semantics of lexical items. The question of validity of lexical decomposition is itself an important issue. Many researches ([Harley 1996], [Harley 2002], [Beck & Johnson 2004], [Jung & Miyagawa 2004] among others) have been arguing for the lexical decomposition of GIVE in syntax as CAUSE to HAVE in the similar vein as KILL has been suggested to be syntactically represented as CAUSE to DIE in the


more and more biological materials, such as blood or tissue samples and health data, are stored in long-term interconnected biological banks, which are available for current and future research. The purpose of this paper is to analyze various forms of informed consent as to its suitability for ensuring the protection of the personal pro perty donors' rights; examination of the legal nature of the informed consent to determine the requirements, which must be met in order to be valid. As a result, the author formulates a rule governing informed consent in the rela tionship between a biological bank and a donor, which can provide a balance between the autonomy of evidence and the freedom of scientific activity of biological research banks.


Abstract Thermal and humidity structures near the tropical tropopause are studied using microwave satellite retrievals of water vapor, along with contemporaneous dynamical structure in ECMWF analyses and cold clouds in high-resolution global cloud imagery. Examined during November 1991–February 1992, these fields all vary coherently with the outflow from convective centers—in the upper troposphere as well as in the lowermost stratosphere. The outbreak of deep convection is accompanied by diabatic heating below a level between 250 and 150 mb but by diabatic cooling at higher levels. The reversal from heating to cooling is broadly consistent with cumulus detrainment. Through irreversible mixing, that process serves as a heat source for the environment below the level of neutral buoyancy (LNB) but as a heat sink at higher levels. Calculations, inclusive of entrainment, place the LNB very near the observed reversal from heating to cooling. The outbreak of convection is also accompanied by humidification below...


Correcting spelling and grammatical errors of Japanese functional expressions shows practical usefulness for Japanese Second Language (JSL) learners. However, the collection of these types of error data is difficult because it relies on detecting Japanese functional expressions first. In this paper, we propose a framework to correct the spelling and grammatical errors of Japanese functional expressions as well as the error data collection problem. Firstly, we apply a bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory with a Conditional Random Field (BiLSTM-CRF) model to detect Japanese functional expressions. Secondly, we extract phrases which include Japanese functional expressions as well as their neighboring words from native Japanese and learners' corpora. Then we generate a large scale of artificial error data via substitution, injection and deletion operations. Finally, we utilize the generated artificial error data to train a sequence-to-sequence neural machine translation model for correcting Japanese functional expression errors. We also compare the character-based method with the word-based method. The experimental results indicate that the character-based method outperforms the wordbased method both on artificial error data and real error data.


Assessment of crop genetic resources is an efficient tool to generate new stress-tolerant varieties with high yield characteristics for harsh environments such as in the Aral Sea regions. Sorghum is a C4 grass capable of both high biomass and grain yields in semiarid and drier parts of the world. In this study, sixteen sorghum genotypes were assessed in terms of grain and biomass production under the saline aquifer of the Aral Sea region during the 2019-2021 growing seasons. The tested sorghum genotypes were planted as a split-plot design with three replicates in the experimental field. The highest plant height was found in SSV-84 (288 cm) and Kulzha (272 cm), indicating good adaptation features under the saline environment (moderately saline serosems soil; EC 8-10 dS m-1). A considerable difference was observed in the grain and biomass yield of the tested sorghum genotypes. The highest grain yield was produced by Kazakhstanskoe-16 (6970 kg ha-1) while the highest biomass yield was achieved by Orange-160 (57770 kg ha-1). The correlation analysis showed a weak interaction (r=0.524) between the grain yield and vegetation period parameters, implying a genetic specificity has an advantage of the agronomic performance. Lab experiments also confirmed the superiority of the selected genotypes over the local genotype in regards of seed germination and seedling growth. Based on the field and lab experiments, Kazakhstanskoe-16 and Orange-160 were found to be salt tolerant sorghum genotypes with high yield traits and recommended for further assessment to the State Varietal Commission of Agricultural Crops for large-scale use in salt-affected arid areas.


The study aimed to establish a method for the measurement of mesenteric tension after ileal pouch‐anal anastomosis (IPAA) and to evaluate the impact of tension on clinical outcome and quality of life.


Mobile robots have been successfully used in many fields due to their abilities to perform difficult tasks in hazardous environments, such as robot rescuing, space exploring and their various promising applications in the daily lives. Robot path planning is a key issue in robot navigation which is a kernel part in mobile robot technology. Robot path planning is to generate a collision-free path in an environment while satisfying some optimization criteria. Mobile robot path planning is a nondeterministic polynomial time (NP) problem, traditional optimization methods are not very effective to it, which are easy to plunge into local minimum. In this research work, an evolutionary algorithm to solve the robot path planning problem is devised. A method of robot path planning in partially unknown environments based on A star (A*) algorithm was proposed. The proposed algorithm allows a mobile robot to navigate through static obstacles and finds its path in order to reach from its initial position to the target without collision. In addition, the environment is partially unknown for the robot due to the limit detection range of its sensors. The robot processor updates its information during the motion. The simulations are performed in different static environments, and the results show that the robot reaches its target with colliding free obstacles. The optimal path is generated with this method when the robot reaches its target. The simulation results are developed by MATLAB environments.


Zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films were grown onto SnO2 coated substrates by using cathodic electrodeposition with an aqueous zinc nitrate (Zn (NO3)2) solution at dierent bath temperatures. The kinetics of the electrodeposition of ZnO films has been investigated in this work. The eects of solution concentrations, and temperature and the electrode potential on the growth of ZnO thin films were investigated. The eects of pH on the structural and characteristics of the ZnO films were also studied in order to establish the optimal growth conditions for electrodeposition of ZnO thin films.


Plants grow roots to adjust their bodies to dynamic changes in the surrounding environment. How do plant roots emerge from the stem cell reservoir during embryogenesis is however poorly understood. Here, we present a bottom-up strategy to address this challenge by combining empirical observations with advanced computer modeling techniques. We demonstrate that the anisotropy of root growth results from differential growth rates of adjacent tissues, whereas the root meristem development incorporates a multi-level feedback loop between complex transport network of phytohormone auxin, auxin-dependent cell growth and cytoskeleton rearrangements. In silico model predictions are in close agreement with in vivo patterns of anisotropic growth, auxin distribution, and cell polarity, as well as several root phenotypes caused by chemical, mechanical, or genetic perturbations. Our findings reveal a minimal set of design principles connecting tissue mechanics, cell anisotropy, and directional transport that are sufficient for self-organization of the root meristem shape. A mobile auxin signal transported through immobile cells orchestrates polarity and growth mechanics to instruct the morphogenesis of an independent organ.


Along with the rapid development of science and technology, modern large-scale mechanical equipments are becoming larger, more complicated and expensive and so on. Once the problems of equipments are appeared, it's hard to be solved effectively only by the users' experiences and technical ability. As some exclusive attributes of mechanical system is required higher by broad users. The monitorability-based design of mechanical system as a design attribute is emphasized day by day. Optimal monitoring point placement is the key point of monitorability-based design. It not only determines the level of prediction and fault diagnosis on mechanical system, but also is the key keeping mechanical system efficient, reliable, safe operation. Based on the collection and arrangement of large numbers of fault tree knowledge about marine power machinery from Changjiang Waterway Bureau, a method for optimal monitoring point placement using fault tree theory is put forward. The method is applied in the monitorability-based design of typical marine power machinery. Practice proves that this method is simple, rapid, accurate and easy operation. It can be one important method used in optimal monitoring point placement for monitorability-based design mechanical system.


In this paper, we discuss the issue of collaborative data sharing among a number of parties to provide rich online services to their clients. We assume that each party hosts its data in a private cloud infrastructure but they collectively agree to certain well-defined set of accesses and access restrictions to one another's databases. We show how these can be used to derive access rules that become the basis of access control and query planning. In this paper we focus entirely on relational database sharing, and present efficient and near optimal heuristic algorithms for access rule derivation and query planning in spite of the NP-hardness and high complexity of the underlying problems.


Civil law is the law to protect rights.To construct the system of private rights is the mission of civil code.Different countries have different thoughts and legislative decisions on whether to prescribe the general problems of civil rights or not,and the possibility of the general rules on the contents of civil rights.Our country is drafting the civil code.The draft civil code,which is drafted by legislator of our country,prescribes civil rights as one independent chapter,however there are some deficiencies.


Purpose ISG15 de�ciency, a rare human inborn error of immunity characterized by susceptibility to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, shows neuropathic and dermatological manifestations. MPO de�ciency is a common inherited defect of phagocytes, but it is not classi�ed as an independent primary immune de�ciency due to lack of clinical symptoms. Dual mutation of ISG15 and MPO has not been reported. Methods We analyzed the clinical, genetic, and immunological features of two siblings with ISG15 de�ciency combined with MPO mutations, and explored therapeutic candidates.


For many years, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis has been the method of choice for the investigation of complex mixtures of proteins. Although there are a number of emerging technologies that can be applied to proteomics, none can yet yield routinely the breadth of information available from two-dimensional gels. To be able to obtain instant information regarding molecular mass and pI, as well as to highlight quickly the expression changes or unique proteins across a gel series requires sophisticated and powerful image analysis software. The range of software products offered by Nonlinear Dynamics covers all levels of user application and throughput, from the user-guided Phoretix two-dimensional approach, when working with a small number of gels, to the automatic processing of large numbers of gels with minimal user intervention with Progenesis. Integration of the analysis software with powerful database components allows advanced gel comparisons and data mining to be performed with statistical verification of the results. Spot pick lists can be quickly created and automatically linked to a number of commercially available spot picking robots further increasing the support for proteomics research. The importance of image analysis for accurate, reliable and meaningful results will be discussed. Recent advances in development, with particular attention placed on the impact of noise contamination within gels, are illustrated and how the Progenesis product from Nonlinear Dynamics can be utilized to get the most from two-dimensional gel electrophoresis is shown. Introduction There are numerous emerging technologies available to the current crop of proteomics researchers, each attempting to provide improved separation, resolution and automation than is currently available [1]. Column-based separations are becoming even more popular, but after a number of initial separations generally all return to the bedrock of proteomics, gel electrophoresis. An example of this approach is the popular 'four-dimensional separation' technique in which column separation (ion-affinity chromatography and reversephase HPLC) are sequentially combined with preparative miniprep Isoelectric focusing (Rotofor R ©) to produce preseparated fragments in preparation for SDS/PAGE and MS [1]. Although extremely useful, this combination of present technologies is still not as powerful as, or universally applicable to, the plethora of sample and experiment types


Objective To compare the hemostatic effect between oxidated regenerated cellulose( ORC) and absorbable gelatin sponge( AGS) during anterior cervical discectomy and fusion procedure( ACDF). Methods 356 patients underwent the ACDF procedure were divided into ORC group( 191 patients) and AGS group( 165 patients). The operative duration,the volume of blood loss and the volume of drainage between two groups were compared. Results The average operative duration in ORC and AGS groups was( 81. 5 ± 9. 9) min and( 88. 6 ± 10. 8) min( P = 0. 062). The average operative blood loss in ORC and AGS groups was( 55. 3 ± 11. 2) m L and( 69. 4 ± 13. 2) m L( P = 0. 034). The average post-operative drainage in ORC and AGS groups was( 35. 5 ± 13. 5) m L and( 51. 2 ± 16. 8) m L( P = 0. 029). One patient in AGS group underwent exploration due to acute neck hematoma post-operatively. Conclusion Compared with AGS,ORC can obviously decrease the operative blood loss and drainage,increase the safety of operation.


In this study, the method of direct modification of conductive atomic force microscopy (CAFM) probes using focused electron beam induced deposition (FEBID) of platinum (Pt) nanowire is presented. This method allows the restoration of broken tips, as well as regenerates the conduction. The length and diameter of the modified tips were optimized by changing the duration time and electron beam current. The tip diameter before modification was measured to be approximately ∼50 nm, and that after modification was measured to be approximately ∼15 nm, which was significantly decreased. The AFM images of topography and current were collected from the fabricated samples with circular array structures using both commercial and Pt nanowire modified CAFM probes. The resistance of FEBID modified probes was obtained using CAFM voltage spectroscopy in the contact mode on a sputtered Pt surface. The results show that the modified probes exhibit a superior spatial resolution and high stability during AFM scans, which provide a significant advancement for CAFM measurements.


FROM the results of previous studies it has been considered that right ventricular hypertrophy is more commonly associated with either bronchiolar emphysema (Leopold and Gough, 1957; Hicken, Heath and Brewer, 1966) or alveolar emphysema (Sweet et al., 1961). In the present study both the type of emphysema and the percentage of lung tissue destroyed by it were related to the right ventricular weight to determine whether there was an association between either of these factors and the weight of the right ventricle. In this investigation the right ventricular weights of cases with alveolar and bronchiolar emphysema were compared with those from macroscopically normal lungs. The right ventricular weights from these latter cases provided a control series.


Various kinds of smart sensors are being developed and released with the growth of sensor technology and Internet of Things (IoT) technology. IoT smart service can provide convenience in our daily lives with these smart sensors. However, the increasing number of mobile sensors and amount of data may increase latency. It may cause network congestion on a particular network. Therefore, we propose a Smart Edge Broker (SEB) to intelligently transmit data traffic generated by a smart city in this paper. SEB can prevent the traffic congestion from being transmitted or bypassed to a location where traffic is not necessary. In addition, SEB can prevent overload in a specific area between services through a location-based transfer. Plus, SEB is suitable to operate it as a fog computing model by placing it at the edge of a smart city network. We conducted a latency measurement experiment and load measurement experiment to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed Smart Edge Broker. As a result, we found that the latency was reduced by 72%, and the CPU usage was reduced by 63% compared to when the Smart Edge Broker was not used.


A study has been made to find the usefulness, for forecasting purposes, of a critical examination of the 24-hour variations in the flow pattern of winds by plotting systematically vectorial changes of upper winds. It is seen that such charts by providing a more definite picture of changes in the circulation pattern of winds, give an insight into the future trend of events in relation to developments of Important synoptic situation, such as, the origin and movements of depressions or of storms in the sea areas, formation of secondaries of western disturbances etc more readily and clearly than what IS possible from a study of two consecutive wind charts.


To guide and support teacher candidates in developing the knowledge and skills they need in the classroom, teacher preparation programs must prepare students in acquiring the experience and expertise needed to demonstrate mastery of general knowledge in the specific subject or content area. In addition, teacher preparation programs must support candidates in maintaining knowledge of professional preparation and education competence that will guide student development. Therefore, faculty in teacher preparation programs are critical in supporting pre-service teachers in acquiring and developing the knowledge and skills in order to be effective and efficient in the classroom and to meet licensure requirements. To support the alignment of early childhood coursework in a teacher preparation program with a Teacher Performance Assessment (edTPA), the purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of a redesigned course assignment that was intended to support the edTPA. The findings indicated that there are opportunities for candidates to develop their practice through course assignments that are aligned with the language and expectations of the edTPA.


Search systems control the exposure of ranked content to searchers. In many cases, creators value not only the exposure of their content but, moreover, an understanding of the specific searches where the content is surfaced. The problem of identifying which queries expose a given piece of content in the ranked results is an important and relatively underexplored search transparency challenge. Exposing queries are useful for quantifying various issues of search bias, privacy, data protection, security, and search engine optimization. Exact identification of exposing queries in a given system is computationally expensive, especially in dynamic contexts such as web search. We explore the feasibility of approximate exposing query identification (EQI) as a retrieval task by reversing the role of queries and documents in two classes of search systems: dense dual-encoder models and traditional BM25. We then improve upon this approach through metric learning over the retrieval embedding space. We further derive an evaluation metric to measure the quality of a ranking of exposing queries, as well as conducting an empirical analysis of various practical aspects of approximate EQI. Overall, our work contributes a novel conception of transparency in search systems and computational means of achieving it.


Bifidobacterium is an important interestinal probiotic of humans and animals which has close relationship to many physiological and pathological phenomena,and Bifidobacterium has become an important indicator for human health. It has been being a hot field for its regulation of intestinal ,reducing cholesterol ,anti-tumor , delaying human aging and other physiological regulatory functions for intensive study. This paper reviews mainly domestic and international advances in recent research on the hot physiological functions of Bifidobacterium and its application. Besides,the development prospect of Bifidobacterium based on the current situation and existing problems were also provided.


This paper presents a technology for transmitting power over an unshielded single twisted pair Ethernet data cable for automotive use cases. The BroadR-Reach™ [1] technology, describing a possible physical layer for Ethernet, is used. Because only one twisted pair cable is used, the power transmission is not compliant to the standard IEEE 802.3at [2]. The technology is described on an evaluation system, showing the practicability and limits.


s: Background: Interns being the most junior doctors involved in prescription of drugs in hospitals, there is a unmet need to obtain perceptions regarding undergraduate clinical pharmacology teaching on rationale prescription of drugs and level of retention of knowledge on clinical pharmacology .Hence this study was planned to assess the perceptions of Interns and faculty regarding undergraduate clinical pharmacology teaching on rationale prescription of drugs. Methodology: 58 internees and 52 faculties of JN medical college were administered with a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire sought information about demographics, undergraduate clinical pharmacology teaching, confidence in rationale drug prescription and experiences of adverse drug reactions. Results : Among 58 internees recruited, 26(44.8%) disagreed that training in clinical pharmacology has equipped them to prescribe rationally and 30(51.7%) Internees expressed lack of confidence while prescribing rationally. Out of 52 faculties recruited, it was observed that 20(38.5%) faculty disagreed that undergraduate training in clinical pharmacology has equipped interns to prescribe rationally and 29(55.8%) of faculty agrees that interns are not confident enough to prescribe rationally. Conclusion: The present study showed that interns are not adequately equipped to prescribe rationally and confidently based on undergraduate clinical pharmacology teaching. Hence there is a need of vigorous training in clinical pharmacology during their graduation. [Rekha NMR. NJIRM 2015; 6(4):72-77]


Objective To express LyGDI in A549 cells by using gene transfection,and to observe its effect on cell growth and cell sensitivity to chemotherapy drugs and radiation.Methods The LyGDI genes,which were constructed with the pEGFP vector,and the empty vector pEGFP-Cl were transfected into A549 cells respectively.The stable expression cells were screened by G418.LyGDI expression levels in the transfected A549 cells were assessed at mRNA level by RT-PCR.The clone-forming assay was done to detect the effect of LyGDI on the growth of A549 cells.The in vitro scratch assay was done to observe the effects on the invasion and metastasis of A549 cells.The MTT assay and clone-forming assay were performed to test effects of LyGDI on sensitivity of the A549 cells to chemotherapy drugs and radiation respectively. Results After transfection,positive cell,especially A549 cell expressing LyGDI showed an decrease in colony-forming ability and higher sensitivity to DDP and radiation(all P0.01).Conclusion The stable expression cells are established;the introduction of LyGDI inhibits growth,ability of invasion and metastasis,and enhance chemotherapy drugs-sensitivity and radiation-sensitivity of A549 cells.


Dietary (R)(+)-salithion was a more potent insecticide (LC50 = 9.3 ppm) than the (S)(−)-enantiomer (LC50 = 63 ppm), correlating acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition in vivo (I50 = 7.7 and 63 ppm) against Tribolium castaneum larvae. (S)(−)-Salioxon derived from (R)(+)-salithion had a stronger inhibitory activity (I50 = 8.8µm) than the (R)(+)-enantiomer (I50 = 22µm) in vitro against larval AChE. However, against Musca domestica female adults, a reversed tendency was observed: (S)(−)-salithion and (R)(+)-salioxon were more potent than (R)(+)-salithion and (S)(−)-salioxon in topical insecticidal and anticholinesterase activities in vivo and in vitro, respectively. Hence, the reversed stereospecificity between the T. castaneum larvicidal and M. domestica insecticidal activities of salithion enantiomers is due to a stereospecific difference in the intrincic potency of salioxon enantiomers as an AChE inhibitor with the two insects. A suppression of M. domestica larval growth, gut amylase and invertase activiti...


— This paper deals with the Thermoluminescence (TL) dosimetry work. This paper represents the growth studies of natural Feldspar mineral used as raw material in ceramic tiles. The comparative TL study and discussion of glow curve of as received Feldspar mineraltreated with different beta radiation dose as 2.5Gy, 5Gy, 10Gy, 25Gy, 50Gy, 75Gy, 150Gy, 300Gy, 600Gy,The tables indicating peak temperature and peak intensity will also furnished. The results are carrying the material towards the excellent dosimetric behavior.


Educational Research: Competencies for Analysis and Applications was first published in 1976 as a 354-page tome when I was barely two years old. The current 11th edition is testament to the book's applicability and relevance, successfully enduring the trial of time; key considerations within which continue to underpin educational research. The authors' intention to write a how-to manual for educational research is clearly evident. This book is the toolbox-that-has-everything which beginning researchers would need and very much appreciate; that the book doubled in size over the past 40 years is neither coincidence nor accident. Indeed, a significant update to the 11th edition is the revision of Chapter 3, Literature Review, to incorporate influences of technology on how literature is curated.


The refractive index of a liquid is known to depend strongly on the temperature gradient of liquids. When a laser beam passes through a transparent material going through thermal diffusion, the light projected onto a screen will be displaced in relation to the thermal diffusivity. A simple apparatus is used to measure the time evolution t of the laser beam displacement h and/vs. the position of the laser beam on the liquid container y whose liquid medium is going through thermal diffusion. Thermal diffusion dynamics can then be revealed. The thermal diffusivity of glycerol, ethanol, DI water, and NaCl aqueous solution has been measured. This simple procedure can demonstrate refractive index and thermal diffusivity in advanced high school physics courses.


The purpose of writing this final task to know the ratio of losses caused by videotron bill advertisement tax bill and compare these losses with other types of billboards tax in the city of Surakarta. The step of this research is done by comparing the theory, interview, data analysis, and observation. The author uses secondary data types from various sources by retrieving existing data. Data source was obtained from BPPKAD Surakarta. The result of this research to show that the loss of receivables caused by videotron bill advertisement bill loss in 2014 amounted to Rp Rp 6.840.841 and the ratio of loss of receivables with other kind of billboard tax of 9,26%. While in 2015 losses of 2,56% and 10,95% in 2016. The conclusion of this research is the loss caused by videotron advertisement tax bill in Surakarta is big enough considering the videotron location is few and limited. Based on the results of research, the research gives some suggestion to BPPKAD Surakarta by selecting applicants tax advertisements wisely to avoid losses and record the problem applicants into the blacklist to avoid things that are not desirable.


Flexible liquid crystal films can help us overcome the unique combination of optical and comfort challenges in AR and VR headset design.


Monetisation of remote offshore reserves of natural gas can pose particular problems for Australia. New developments in chemistry and chemical engineering are needed to meet these challenges.


We have examined magnetotelluric (MT) data from the Juan de Fuca plate and the Tasman Sea to understand the influence of galvanic distortion by local and regional topography. Galvanic (non-inductive) distortion, caused by the build up of charge along conductivity gradients, is present in both regions. Its effects can be removed by decomposition of the impedance tensor assuming that both electric and magnetic field distortion are present. Unlike for most land-based data, magnetic field distortion is necessary to explain the seafloor data. Electric field distortion parameters resulting from the full decomposition can be interpreted equivalently in terms of either 2-D or 3-D distorting bodies, but these interpretations cannot be differentiated using MT observations alone. The data are compared to the overall geology to determine whether 2-D or 3-D distortion is more probable. The electric field distortion parameters in both locations behave appoximately frequency-independently, as expected for galvanic distortion. When interpreted in terms of 2-D distorting bodies, the superficial strikes were found to parallel the trends of coastlines and large-scale submarine features (e.g. mid-ocean ridges). This suggests that distortion both in the Tasman Sea and on the Juan de Fuca plate is dominantly galvanic and appears to be caused by regional, large-scale, 2-D features rather than small-scale, 3-D distorting bodies.


A direct measurement of the speed of a GaAs/Al/sub 0.2/Ga/sub 0.8/As quantum well infra-red photodetector is made using fast pulses centred at 9.7 mu m. The electrical response of the detector has rise and decay times of less than 95 ps and the FWHM is 115 ps.


With rapid advancements in technology, in recent times we have witnessed tremendous strides taken in camera and imaging sciences. Digital processing has also added to exceptional details in photography. The advancements in imaging have created a gap between capturing a moment centered around aesthetics and random captures without meaning. In this work, we aim to provide to users an insightful feedback on the aesthetics of the images captured. The feedback concentrates on the rule of thirds, high dynamic range, color, content and various quality aspects for each image captured. To achieve this, we propose a hierarchical real time image aesthetic score prediction technique. We use a modified YOLO-CNN and Mobilenet for object detection and style prediction, followed by a multi-threaded aesthetic predictor to analyze and score the images on portable devices.


Poor branching decisions in a search tree can increase solve time by orders of magnitude. We introduce a new approach where, instead of committing to the tree so far, we restructure the tree throughout the search. This has the advantages of removing unnecessary decisions from the tree and relocating important decisions closer to the root. We define two tree-modifying operators: delete and promote, and prove that they maintain correctness and completeness. We show that conflict-directed backtracking (CDBT) can be expressed as a compound operation of the two; however it is only one member of a rich space of compound tree operations. We study a more general and aggressive compound operation which we coin path contraction. We develop several policies for applying that operation. We prove that under a natural assumption, one of the policies (and CDBT) is never harmful. In practice we show that policies that apply path contraction more aggressively are even better. The technique applies to both optimization and constraint satisfaction. We present binary integer programming experiments on unsatisfiable graph coloring and 3SAT. Our techniques yield significant speed improvements and reduce node count by up to 82%.


The changing concept of geography throughout history can only be understood based on the comprehension of philosophy. Geography has its origins in the holist...


Small and medium sized enterprises(SMEs) have contributed greatly toward social stability and economic development of our country.But the financial crisis of 2008 dragged them into a trough.Now,the waves of the financial crisis are slowly fading and the country's economy starts to recover.Whether SMEs can draw lessons from the crisis mainly lies in whether they can locate and solve problems in their financial management,which is extremely important to their sustainable development.


ABSTRACT The Otún River watershed, located in the Colombian coffee region, provides water to over 700,000 inhabitants of the Risaralda department. Onion (Allium fistulosum) has been cultivated in this area since 1960, and it currently represents an important economic contribution for local farmers who have assimilated the models of intensive agricultural production with the common use of chemical inputs. The aim of this research paper is to identify management practices, and their potential impact on water quality for human supply in the Otún River. Using surveys conducted among local producers, a general farmers group with primary education was identified, who were not members of any producer association (≤9.1). Improper agricultural practices were identified in farms, where up to 1449 L ha−1 of diluted agrochemical supplies are used. Up to 70 different products with a large variety of toxicological categories (from a slightly toxic products class (III) to extremely toxic products (Ia)), for the management of pests and diseases of onion crops. With the Pesticide Impact Rating Index (PIRI) tool, a high impact of pesticide mobility toward water sources and risk to the ecosystem and humans was identified. In the water sources sampled, ten organochlorine pesticides and 16 organophosphate pesticides were detected.


This study evaluated the effectiveness of applying the fungal isolate Trichoderma harzianum and Bacillus subtilis either alone or in combination to control wheat root rot pathogen Rhizoctonia solani in vitro and in greenhouse. T. harzianum and B. subtilis were selected for their strong antagonists to R. solani in in vitro experiments.B. subtilis and T. harzianum were applied to wheat grains and sown in soil infested with R. solani and tested in greenhouse experiments. The treatments were compared with a synthetic fungicide such as carbomar. Parameters observed were seed germination, plant height, fresh and dry weight of seedlings. Photosynthetic pigments, carbohydrates, total amino acids and total soluble sugars decreased due to infection. Application of T. harzianum , B. subtilis either alone or in combination or the application of carbomar, improved the biochemical parameters in the treated seedlings.A combination of B. subtilis and T. harzianum was most effective than using each alone in controlling the pathogen in greenhouse. Conclusion and application of findings: Chemical and biological control were efficient against root rot pathogen in vitro and in greenhouse. Application of T. harzianum with the coating of wheat grains with B. subtilis is a promising approach.


Recently, the Chinese academic community began to argue that Goguryeo was a Chinese regional regime, denying that Goguryeo fell within the realm of Korean history. As discussed above, simple research on the dispersion of Goguryeo people after the downfall of Goguryeo would show that a large number of them were absorbed as Chinese. But, can this fact alone justify the argument that the history of Goguryeo should belong to that of China? In this connection, there are some indispensable points that must be addressed when we discuss the displaced Goguryeo people and their history. The first is whether they decided the course of their action voluntarily. The second point to consider is the sense of identity they held as Goguryeo people. The Goguryeo people who founded Balhae or those who created Bodeok state in Silla had a stronger sense of Goguryeo identity. The third point to consider is whether the policies for the displaced Goguryeo people were framed and implemented with the succession issue in mind. Fourth, more emphasis should be placed on whether the desire to succeed Goguryeo was specifically addressed in actual history, going beyond the sense of identity.


IN OC'l'OBEB, 1963, R. D. K. Reye, G. Morgan and J. Baral described' a syndrome of encephalopathy and fatty degeneration of the viscera seen in 21 children at the Royal Alexandra Hospital for Children, Sydney, during the previous 11 years. Seventeen of these children had died, and Reye noted that the findings at autopsy were strikingly uniform. Macroscopically, these were cerebral swelling, a slightly enlarged, firm and uniformly bright yellow liver, and pallor and slight widening of the renal cortex; other organs were sometimes also involved. The settology was completely obscure, except that the onset was usually associated with symptoms of upper respiratory infection. This was not of course a new disease. Similar cases, usually in series of mixed retiology, had been described by previous writers. Earlier in the same year, R. McD. Anderson' reviewed 48 cases of encephalitis in childhood studied at autopsy in Melbourne, and subdivided them on the basis of the pathological findings; from the data given, it would seem that his Group III corresponds rather closely with Reye's syndrome; the criteria for inclusion (acute encephalopathy, without inflammatory changes in the brain) did not include a fatty liver, though this was present in most cases. Many years before, in 1929, Russell Brain, with Donald Hunter and H. M. Turnbull,' had described the syndrome is one of a series of cases of meningo-encephalitis in children, the other cases in the series being of a relatively benign condition. However, no one had previously demonstrated the uniformity of the syndrome in a lengthy series, and shown that it was a distinctive entity. Since then an extensive literature on the subject has accumulated, and it has become customary to refer to it as Reye's syndrome. While the condition carries a very high mortality, close to 100% in very young children," there are quite a few well documented cases of recovery. In these, once Improvement set in, recovery is rapid, and in most cases there appear to be no neurological sequelse,


Background: Patients with insults to the somatosensory system may suffer from great debilitating pain with the presence of sharp and burning neuropathic pain that is largely resistant to treatment. This pain is spontaneous in most patients but may manifest as both hyperalgesia and/or allodynia. Objective: The aim of the current research was to investigate changes in the latency of paw withdrawal to noxious heat stimuli after nerve injury. Material and methods: The experiments were performed in six male Lewis rats (Charles River Laboratories, Wilmington, MA, USA). Chronic Constriction Injury (CCI) was performed on three rats and the other three rats were subjected to sham operation. The rats underwent three rounds of habituation and baseline measurements of latencies of ipsilateral paw withdrawal were taken one day before the operation (Day 1). After the operation, heat latencies of ipsilateral paw withdrawal were measured in CCI and sham rats on Days 1, 3, 6, 8, 10, 13, 15 and 21. Result: The results show that sham rats did not develop hyperalgesia but in CCI rats there was a significant decrease in the heat latencies between baseline and Day 8. Over the rest of the time points, the mean latency started to increase indicting recovery. There was some variability in both groups. Conclusions: These changes in the time course of hyperalgesia may be related to immune cell activation and cytokine production at different time points. This was an animal study, yet it may pave the way to understanding similar conditions in humans. Acknowledgements: Dr Karima Kahlat for supervising this project.


This paper presents an experimental investigation of real-time digital video streaming in physically complex Non-Line-Of-Sight (NLoS) channels using a low-power, low-VHF system integrated on a compact robotic platform. Reliable video streaming in NLoS channels over infrastructure-poor ad-hoc radio networks is challenging due to multipath and shadow fading. In this effort, we focus on exploiting the near-ground low-VHF channel which has been shown to have improved penetration, reduced fading, and lower power requirements (which is critical for autonomous agents with limited power) compared to higher frequencies. Specifically, we develop a compact, low-power, low-VHF radio test-bed enabled by recent advances in efficient miniature antennas and off-the-shelf software-defined radios. Our main goal is to carry out an empirical study in realistic environments of how the improved propagation conditions at low-VHF affect the reliability of video-streaming with constraints stemming from the limited available bandwidth with electrically small low-VHF antennas. We show quantitative performance analysis of video streaming from a robotic platform navigating inside a large occupied building received by a node located outdoors: bit error rate (BER) and channel- induced Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) degradation. The results show channel-effect-free- like video streaming with the low-VHF system in complex NLoS channels.


The method of the relativistic investigation of the energy spectra and the electronic transitions in the case of complex configurations, based on the theory of the irreducible tensorial operators and the genealogical coefficients, is described. The use of the quasispin and isospin technique in the relativistic approximation is discussed. Expressions are presented for electric multipole transition probabilities for general values of the gauge condition of electromagnetic field potential.


The Tethered Satellite System (TSS) is a cooperative space system development activity of the U.S.A. and Italy. It is comprised of the Tether Satellite (TS) and the deployer. Within TSS, the Shuttle Tethered Aerothermodynamic Research Facility (STARFAC) concept has the potential to provide access to vast portions of the upper atmosphere for atmospheric and aerothermodynamic research. The feasibility and capability of the TSS to operate as a continuous open wind tunnel and to perform low density aerothermodynamic studies are investigated. This is accomplished through a modified version of the TS simulation program (SKYHOOK). The results indicate that STARFAC concept is both feasible and practical. The TS can go below 100 km but, if thrust is used, large velocity variation (delta V) maneuvers and an attitude control are required; if a satellite lift is considered, large tether tension is produced and an attitude control is required.


The news regarding Indonesian forest fire has become an international concern regarding its huge catastrophe. Indonesian citizens share the suffering of the disaster and their experience through the news. However, Indonesian media reports the news of forest fire in a different way related to their respective media agendas and the adoption of Industry 5.0 cultures. The study of news construction of mass media on forest fires is crucial because it relates to government policymaking. This research aims to determine the media agenda in constructing forest fires that occur in Indonesia related to the development of Industry 5.0. It applies a mixed-method of qualitative content analysis of published news during October 2019-January 2020 and newsroom ethnography of three national online news media. Media agenda-setting factors observed in univariate analysis are news focus, news sources, forest fire-prevention, the impact of a forest fire, and the event of a forest fire. This paper is a working paper and has not yet concluded the results because it needs further investigation on newsroom ethnography. However, preliminary findings indicate that there are different agenda-setting for each media studied.


The invention concerns a composite membrane consisting of a microporous carrier membrane and a separation layer applied thereto. The composite membrane is characterized in that the separating layer comprises a block copolyetherester and is </= 3 mu m thick. The composite membrane enables polar gases (water vapour, hydrogen sulphide) to be separated selectively from gaseous mixtures, and can be used, for example, to dry natural gas before it is fed into a central supply system.


Waterway transportation has played an important role in the history of the United States, and it continues to be important today. The federal government is responsible for building and maintaining the locks and channels that provide navigation, with funding coming partly from general revenues and partly from the fuel tax revenues deposited in the Inland Waterways Trust Fund. A current concern is that nearly half of the lock chambers in the system are over fifty years old, so the backlog of structures requiring major rehabilitation or replacement is large and growing. Expenditures from the trust fund at a rate sufficient to meet this need would deplete the fund in a matter of a few years. Other current policy issues include continued operation of tributary waterways with low traffic, continued subsidy of the water mode in the face of federal budget deficit reduction efforts, environmental effects of tow traffic, and disposal and beneficial reuse of dredged material.


Utilization of resources is an important issue in cloud computing which can be achieved by load balancing over virtual machines. In this paper, a dynamic stochastic cloud task scheduling (DSCTS) method is proposed to balance the workload among virtual machines. This method selects a base task, and the machines that can do it are filtered. Then, based on probability theory, the most suitable virtual machine will be selected to perform the task. Finally, more similar machines are chosen for processing other tasks. The results show that the presented method in this paper improves the utilization of the cloud systems by balancing the distribution of workload among the cloud resources.


Ever since the inception of Internet, scalability has been a major concern to the Internet world. As many Internet Protocol addresses are allocated/assigned, there is rapid increase in the routing table. In view of ameliorating this pitfall, there is need for proper aggregation. Aggregation is the key solution to solving the increase of allocated addresses in the routing table, but the major problem is how aggregation can take into account multihoming, and traffic engineering while maintaining maximal reduction in routing table. Much has being said about the advantages of aggregation and how to reduce the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) routing table, the impact of multihoming, traffic engineering, etc., but no extensive work has being done on the impacts of aggregation on routes as viewed by the up- and down-stream ISPs. In this research, we evaluate and quantify different routing table entries in three major aggregation strategies which includes - prefix, path and origin aggregations. In the analysis, we were able to justify these aggregations and proposed the best aggregation strategy for new IPv6.


Summary
Polygalacturonate 4-α-galacturonosyltransferase (PGA-GalAT), the glycosyltransferase that synthesizes the plant cell wall pectic polysaccharide homogalacturonan, has previously been identified and partially characterized in tobacco membranes. Membrane bound PGA-GalAT catalyzes the transfer of galacturonic acid from UDP-galacturonic acid (UDP-GalA) onto an endogenous acceptor to produce polymeric homogalacturonan ( Doong et al. (1995) Plant Physiol. 109, 141 –152). It is shown here that a galacturonosyltransferase is solubilized from tobacco membranes with a HEPES buffer, pH 6.8, containing 40 mM CHAPS and 2 mM EDTA. The solubilized galacturonosyltransferase was identified as putative PGA-GalAT because it transfered [14C]GalA from UDP-[14C]GalA onto exogenous homogalacturonan acceptors with degrees of polymerization (DP) of ≥ 10. Maximal solubilized PGA-GalAT activity in the presence of 0.9 μM UDP-[14C]GalA required approximately 125 μM exogenous homogalacturonan acceptor [e.g. oligogalacturonide (OGA) of DP 15]. Solubilized PGA-GalAT was active over a broad pH range of 6.3–7.8, and had an apparent Km for UDP-GalA of 37 μM and a Vmax of 290 pmol min–1 mg–1 protein. Approximately 44% of the PGA-GalAT activity in detergent-dispersed membranes, corresponding to 21% of the PGA-GalAT activity in intact membranes, was solubilized. PGA-GalAT solubilized with 40 mM CHAPS was shown, by exopolygalacturonase treatment in combination with size exclusion and high performance anion exchange chromatographies, to add a single α-1,4-linked galacturonic acid residue onto an OGA exogenous acceptor of DP 15 to yield an OGA product of DP 16. The significance of the apparent lack of processivity of the solubilized PGA-GalAT is discussed.


Colossal magnetoresistance manganites have been subjected to extensive research due to their unique magnetic and electrical properties. The physical origin of this phenomenon has been attributed to the double-exchange model. However, this double-exchange mechanism of carriers between Mn{sup 2+} and Mn{sup 3+} ions alone cannot account for all the observed changes such as metal-insulator transition in these materials. Other factors include the highly correlated nature of the spin, lattice, charge and orbital degrees of freedom. Ultrafast optical techniques are powerful probes for investigating the quasi-particle and spin relaxation dynamics in these strongly correlated systems. Recently, Zhao et. al. reported a re-entrant metal insulator (M-I) transition in single crystals of Cu-doped manganites La{sub 1-x}Pb{sub x}MnO{sub 3} (x = 0.14). The re-entrant M-I transition at low temperatures was observed in samples with Cu-doping (y {>=} 0.02) and was attributed to the charge carrier localization due to lattice distortion caused by Cu doping at Mn sites. However, there have been no reports on the effects of Cu-doping on the spin-lattice interaction in these materials. In this work, we investigate the spin-lattice relaxation and photo-induced magnetization dynamics in single crystals of La{sub 1-x}Pb{sub x}Mn{sub 1-y-z}Cu{sub y}O{sub 3} (x = 0.14, y = 0,0.01,0.02,0.04,0.06 andmore » z = 0.02, 0.08, 0.11, 0.17, 0.20) that were grown by the flux melt technique. The substitution of Mn sites with a transitional element Cu allows one to study the critical role of Mn ions in CMR materials. Transient reflection spectroscopy and time-resolved magnetooptkal kerr spectroscopy have been employed to probe the quasi-particle relaxation and the photo-induced dynamics of magnetization. Through comparing these results, the charge and spin dynamics were independently investigated. The origins of the re-entrant M-I transition in this novel system were also discussed in light of these new findings.« less


Instead of titanium dioxide (TiO2), many researches have been done to explore the compatibility of zinc oxide (ZnO) to be used as the active layer of memristor. In this study, an Au/ZnO-Cu2O-CuO/Cu memristor was fabricated using dilute electrodeposition and subsequently thermal oxidation. The XRD result indicates that Zn was oxidized to ZnO and has a wurzite structure while copper (Cu) substrate was also oxidized to copper (I) oxide (Cu2O) and copper (II) oxide (CuO). The surface morphology of ZnO shows the formation of needle-like structure on the surface after the thermal oxidation process. 15 s deposited ZnO-Cu2O-CuO gave the thinnest film of 81 nm with largest value of resistance difference of 14.11 k3 and resistive switching ratio of 3.76. Empirical study on thermodynamics of metal oxides and diffusivity of Zn2+ and O21 in ZnO shows that the structure is formed due to the difference of diffusivity of each species during the thermal oxidation process. The synthesized Au/ZnO-Cu2O-CuO/Cu memristor shows a potential application in production of a non-complex and low cost memristor.


Fifty combinations of middle-indica ternary hybrid rice with late maturity approved in Sichuan during the 11th Five-year Plan were analyzed for yield and rice blast resistance and the correlation between yield and rice blast was studied.The results indicated that there was one combination with good yield and resistance,seven combinations had outstanding yield but were susceptible to rice blast and one combination with resistance to rice blast.The yield in regional test showed extremely significant relation to the mean level of neck blast but negative relation to the maximum neck blast infection.The mean level of neck blast had extremely significant relations to both the highest and mean levels of leaf blast.The test provided suggestion of dominant varieties distribution for rice production and offered reference which helped to cultivate combinations with superior yield and strong resistance to rice blast.


(1–x)(0.94Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-0.06BaTiO3)-xBiFeO3 (0 ≤x≤ 0.9) ternary ceramics were prepared by the modified Pechini method. X ray diffraction patterns manifest that the samples undergo a gradual structural transformation from the rhombohedral-tetragonal morphotropic phase boundary to the rhombohedral phase with the increasing content of BiFeO3. Room temperature ferromagnetism was observed in BiFeO3-rich samples with x ≥ 0.6, and this ferromagnetism can be ascribed to the suppression of the spiral spin structure with the canting of antiferromagnetically ordered spins. The BiFeO3-rich samples (x = 0.6–0.8) exhibit superior ferroelectric properties with the maximum remanent polarization of 44.7 μC/cm2, as confirmed by the positive-up negative-down measurement to exclude the contribution of leakage current. The coexistence of room-temperature ferromagnetism and ferroelectricity manifests that the lead-free BiFeO3-based solid solutions are quite promising multiferroic materials and may be important for potential a...


fined face. We see only the supporting arm and legs on which the comforted figure rests. A finely carved hand constitutes the figure's only definition, pressed lovingly beneath the visage of the other. In contrast the smaller figure is marked by highly defined facial features which somehow convey both contentment and yearning, for this coupling that draws them close, with whispered promises of union. An arm is crooked over the arm that comforts as if to enhance


The Betuwe railway route being constructed to connect the port of Rotterdam with the hinterland of Germany and Western Europe will only be used for freight transport of all types of goods. A risk assessment for the rail link included all types of hazardous goods including hydrocarbon, explosive and radioactive materials. The total track length of 160 km includes a total tunnel length of some 20 km. Research carried out by Delft University was designed to determine whether the tunnel route safety level would be equal to, or higher than that for the existing rail network. Safety recommendations for the route are detailed.


Optimal iron management is crucial to marginal patients such as heart transplant recipients. As inflammatory mechanisms are present in transplant recipients, the definition of iron deficiency used in the general population might not be appropriate.


Solar energy is seen as a sustainable and non-depletable source of energy supply. Worldwide, large-scale solar power infrastructure is being installed every day. Such structures can suffer from many faults and defects that degrade their energy output during their operational life. Detecting such faults and defects requires regular inspection over physically large and distributed solar infrastructure. On-site manual human inspection tends to be impractical, risky and costly. As such, replacing humans with autonomous robotic aerial inspection systems has great potential. In this work, we propose an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) waypoint generation system that is specifically designed for aerial inspection of solar infrastructure. Our system takes into consideration the physical structure and the dynamic nature of sun-tracking solar modules and generates waypoints with the right camera viewing pose and drone orientation. Statistical methods are used to generate a randomly selected set of modules as a representation of the entire solar farm. The set is guaranteed to satisfy a user-defined confidence level and margin of error requirements. A path is generated to visit selected modules in an optimal way by deploying the traveling-salesman shortest path algorithm, allowing the vehicle to maximize battery use. Illustrative flights and preliminary inspection results are presented and discussed.


RATIONALE
Resolution and sensitivity are two key parameters for describing the performance of high-field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS). An increase in the resolving power of FAIMS has been realized by adding helium to nitrogen in planar FAIMS, but it comes at the expense of sensitivity.

METHODS
Here, a new hollow needle-to-ring discharge device integrated on a PCB substrate is used as the ion source of FAIMS. Helium flows from the hollow part of the hollow needle to improve the ionization effect. Nitrogen carries the sample into the ionization chamber and is mixed with helium as the carrier gas.

RESULTS
Under a nitrogen flow rate of 1 L min-1 , 1.5 L min-1 , 2 L min-1 , and 2.5 L min-1 , adding helium at different flow rates (0.2 L min-1 , 0.3 L min-1 , 0.5 L min-1 , and 1 L min-1 ) can simultaneously improve the separation ability and sensitivity. Helium and nitrogen with flow rates of 0.2, 0.3, 0.5 and 1 L min-1 were added to nitrogen (2 L min-1 ). The separation ability and sensitivity of the mixed gases doped with helium are better than those of nitrogen. The larger the RF voltage amplitude is, the more obvious the improvement in the separation ability when helium is added. However, helium doping has the opposite effect on the sensitivity.

CONCLUSIONS
This paper provides a new idea and technical means for the application of helium and nitrogen gas mixtures in planar FAIMS. This method can greatly improve the performance of FAIMS.


In Situ Synchrotron Characterization of Complex Oxide Heterostructures.- Metal-Insulator Transition in Thin Film Vanadium Dioxide.- Novel Magnetic Oxide Thin Films.- Bipolar Resistive Switching in Oxides for Memory Applications.- Complex Oxide Schottky Junctions.- Theory of Ferroelectricity and Size Effects in Thin Films.- High-T c Superconducting Thin- and Thick-Film-Based Coated Conductors for Energy Applications.- Mesostructured Thin Film Oxides.- Applications of Thin Film Oxides in Catalysis.- Design of Heterogeneous Catalysts and the Application to the Oxygen Reduction Reaction.


A new protocol of incompatible chemical reagent segregation has been developed. Serving as a second-level segregation beyond typical first-level separation of explosives/nonexplosives, flammables/nonflammables, corrosives/noncorrosives, and caustics/noncaustics, this method involves assigning the reactive functional groups constituting a given reagent to one of seven classes based on reactivity and then storing that reagent according to which of those functional groups is of the highest priority, based on defined rankings. This scheme, requiring a small number of segregation groups, differs from previously reported segregation methods by accounting for the fact that organic reagents typically contain multiple sites of varying reactivity.


The flatband potential of nanoporous TiO 2 film electrodes has been studied by spectroelectrochemical method. The effect of film thickness and TiCl 4 treatment on the flatband potential of nanoporous TiO 2 electrodes and the photovoltaic performance of dye-sensitized solar cells were determined. The results showed that with the increasing of film thickness, the flatband potential shifts in the positive direction, and the open circuit voltage of corresponding solar cells decreases. In addition, after TiCl 4 treatment, the flatband potential and the open circuit voltage of corresponding solar cells were not obviously changed. All this suggests that the flatband potential of nanoporous TiO 2 electrode can reflect the changing trend of open circuit voltage of solar cells well.


Abstract : The goal of this research is to understand the underlying physics of turbulence phenomena through coherent structures (CS). The aim is not only to understand the flow physics but also to devise methods for turbulence prediction and control. Our approach utilizes experiment, numerics and theory to understand both CS dynamics and structure. CS are studied in two ways: (i) long- time, global dynamics using experimental data and dynamical systems theory and (ii) crucial, localized CS interactions understood via vorticity dynamics. Below, we have summarized results in several key areas: (i) global dynamics in a forced plane mixing layer (ii) ODE models for spatially developing free shear flows, (iii) core dynamics and transition in a plane mixing layer, (iv) vorticity and helicity statistics in a circular jet, (v) new approaches to identifying sources of jet noise, and (vi) the kinematic separation of homogeneous mixtures.


The method of density measuring used in A356.2 alloy is described and analyzed in the article.The result proved that this method can control and inspect the effect of degassing and porosity grade during the production.