Hugo Frey opens his book Nationalism and the cinema in France by positioning it as complementary to the rise of scholarship on the transnational dimensions of cinema. Although he sees transnational and national cinema as two sides of the same coin that are often interwoven, Frey concentrates on the latter, thereby focusing on France in the period 1945-1995. The aim of the book is twofold. On the one hand, Frey aims to discern the 'political myths' (p. 10, in keeping with Christopher Flood's Political myth: a theoretical introduction, 1996) or ideological values of the narratives that films can incorporate, thereby looking in particular for 'nationalistic subtexts' (p. 4) in French films. At the methodological level, this implies a textual film analysis that is focused primarily on film narratives. On the other hand, Frey puts forward the concept of the 'film event' (p. 11, in keeping with Marco Ferro's Cinema et histoire, 1993) or the societal interactions that films can evoke. In this respect, he aims to examine how the reception of specific films is 'coloured by nationalist discourses' (p. 4). Methodologically, this implies a historical reception analysis of the public discourse surrounding the selected films. The in-depth analysis of an impressive number of both mainstream and specialist press writings is, without doubt, one of the main achievements of this book. Frey is at his best when describing and analyzing the public discourse surrounding the films (e.g. Claude Lelouch's Un homme et une femme (1966), Andrzej Wajda's Danton (1983) and many others), thereby providing interesting insights into the societal meaning of the films and the place of cinema in French public debates.
 According to the title and the two main goals of the book, one would expect a thorough discussion of the debates around the highly contested concepts of nation, nationalism, nation-building and national identity. Nevertheless, the book only briefly describes 'the national idea' as 'a modern construct' and France as an 'imagined community' (in keeping with Benedict Anderson's well-known phrase) to which cinema can contribute (p. 7). Frey further adheres to Michel Winock's distinction between a Republican imaginary of France as 'socially inclusive and founded on the notion that citizenship is about a loyalty to the constitution' and an organic or counter-revolutionary imaginary of France, which is based on 'a perceived set of cultural values (…) and ethnic and cultural traditions and practice' (p. 8). This short theoretical positioning leaves many conceptual questions unanswered; these include the basic use of the term 'nationalism' and its relation to the term 'nation', which is mostly used in the sense of a 'country'. Also, the book is not embedded in the academic debate on the relationship between nationalism and cinema, and although Frey mentions authors like Jean-Michel Frodon, Ginette Vincendeau and Susan Hayward, who have elaborated on issues concerning the national question and cinema in France, minimal attention is given to discussions with these authors.
 Notwithstanding this lack of interaction with the existing academic debates, as well as some typographical inaccuracies (e.g. 'Ernst Gellner' (p. 7), 'the Lumieres brothers from Lyons' (p. 24)), Nationalism and the cinema in France offers an original and meticulously researched historical investigation of a highly interesting selection of French cinema culture. The originality of the book is, for example, clearly exemplified by the first chapter, which gives a fresh reading of Francois Truffaut's La nuit Americaine (1973); Agnes Varda's one hundred years of cinema commemoration film Les cent et une nuits de Simon Cinema (1995) and other films about films (including critical and even sarcastic works by Jean-Luc Godard and Bertrand Blier), which have, for the most part, been previously interpreted in cinephilic terms rather than as celebrations of the greatness of France as the home of cinema. One of the merits of this book is indeed the revelation of how subtle and very often unnoticed forms of nation-building can be present in a modern society, which Frey rightly links to Michael Billig's concept of 'banal nationalism'. Chapter two, which addresses how a selection of French films has mediated national history (particularly wartime resistance), and chapter three, on the nationalist subtexts of (mainly the reception of) Claude Lelouch's Un homme et une femme (1966) and other melodramas from the 1960s and 1970s, complete the first part of the book, which offers an analysis of how cinema has contributed, often in subtle and sophisticated ways, to discourses of French grandeur, pride and glory. The second part of the book consists of four chapters that focus on more negatively defined and often much more explicit and essentialist nationalistic discourses concentrating on the role of non-French 'others' (what Frey refers to as 'hard nationalism'). Frey begins with an examination of the anti-Americanism that runs through the French protests against economic and trade agreements that are seen to threaten French cinema culture, whereby he notices that such anti-Americanism is much less (explicitly) present in individual films. The following chapter scrutinizes how certain types of films (particularly action films) 'perpetuated patriotic and defensive colonialist myths and stereotypes' (p. 129), after which he focuses on the public controversy in France around films referring to the Algerian War of Independence (particularly Gillo Pontecorvo's La bataille d'Alger (1966)). Next, Frey discusses anti-Semitic elements in French films and cinema culture, with special attention to the short period in 1989 when director Claude Autant-Lara was elected as a member of the European Parliament for the far-right Front National and caused controversy with his anti-Semitic statements. The final chapter of the book examines the extreme-right sympathies of Alain Delon, Brigitte Bardot and Gerard Blain and the reactionary protests against Martin Scorcese's The last temptation of Christ (1988). By focusing upon the extreme-right in these last two chapters, Frey offers an original and most timely analysis of the Front National's relationship with cinema. As in the previous chapters, this analysis insightfully illustrates the pivotal role that films can play in society.


OBJECTIVE: To investigate the characteristics and regular pattern of the adverse drug reactions(ADRs) so as to provide reference for clinical rational drug use.METHODS: From Jan.2010 to Dec.2011,a total of 236 ADR cases collected were analyzed in respect of patients' age and sex,drug categories,routes of administration,organs and(or) systems involved,clinical manifestations and time to ADR onset etc.RESULTS: In the 236 ADR cases,15 categories(103 species) of drugs were involved,with 80 cases(33.9%) induced by antibiotics;60(28.4%) were patients aged above 60 yrs.Lesions of skin and its attachments took the lead with 92 cases(40%),followed by damage of nervous system [47 cases(19.9%)] and digestive system [33 cases(14.0%)].137 cases(58.1%) were induced by intravenous drip infusion;26 cases(11%) were induced by Chinese traditional medicine injections.There were 5(2.1%) serious ADR cases.CONCLUSION: The adverse drug reactions are associated with many factors.It is important to tighten monitoring on clinical drug use and propaganda on ADR knowledge to avoid or reduce the occurrence of ADR.


The present study was carried out using the method of electrofusion, or treatment with okadaic acid (OA), to determine whether protein synthesis at the onset of culture was required for the meiotic resumption of bovine follicular oocytes. Germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) occurred in bovine oocytes at 6 hr after separation from their follicles in vitro. Following this, immature germinal vesicle (GV) oocytes, preincubated for 0,2,4, and 6 hr, were fused to mature oocytes. When immature oocytes, preincubated for 0 hr, were fused to mature oocytes and then cultured for 3 hr in basic medium, GVBD was observed in all fused cells, whereas in the case of cultivation in medium supplemented with the protein synthesis inhibitor (25 μg/ml cycloheximide; CX), 39% of the fused cells possessed an intact GV within their cytoplasm. In immature oocytes preincubated for 4 or 6 hr, however, this proportion was significantly reduced to 7% and 4%, respectively, without protein synthesis after fusion. In addition, the CX‐dependent block of GVBD could be overcome in only 13% of bovine follicular oocytes by the addition of 2 μM OA, although 51% of oocytes which synthesized the protein during the first 6 hr of culture induced GVBD in subsequent culture with CX plus OA. Thus, we conclude that the initiation of GVBD in bovine oocytes requires protein synthesized at the onset of meiosis, which is related to the autocatalytic amplification of the maturation‐promoting factor. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Against the motion misjudgment of motion detection in de-interlacing algorithm,the paper uses motion detection algorithm based on orthogonal Gaussian-Hermite moments,compare the conversion range of continuous the adjacent image frames' absolute pixel values and to judge its moving range.Through the above-mentioned,issues,target image is judged to be motion image or not.Based on experimental results,this algorithm improved PSNR,reduced MSE effectively,greatly removed saw-tooth phenomenon,especially for motion gentle images.


The invention discloses a plastic cup with a multipurpose cover. The plastic cup with the multipurpose cover comprises a lower cup body and the upper cover. The lower cup body comprises a bottom vertical end, a middle conic section and a top vertical opening. The middle conic section is arranged above the bottom vertical end. The top vertical opening is arranged above the middle conic section. The upper cover comprises a bottom vertical opening and a top vertical end. A conic connecting section is arranged between the bottom vertical opening and the top vertical end. According to the plastic cup with the multifunctional cover in the mode, the lower cup body and the upper cover are made of the same material, so that the integrality is good; the upper cover can be arranged at the bottom end of the lower cup body in a sleeved mode to serve as a saucer, so that a user is prevented from being scalded; the upper cover can also serve as a small cup to conduct rapid cooling or feeding water to a child, and therefore the functions are various.


Two new diaminophosphine ligands, $N$,$N$'-bis(dicyclohexylphosphino)-2-(aminomethyl)aniline (\textbf{1}) and $N$,$N$'-bis(diisopropylphosphino)-2-(aminomethyl)aniline (\textbf{2}) were synthesized by the reaction of 2-(aminomethyl)aniline with two equivalents of Cy$_{2}$PCl or (iPr)$_{2}$PCl, respectively. The reactions of \textbf{1 }and \textbf{2} with MCl$_{2}$(cod) (M = Pd, Pt; cod = 1,5-cyclooctadiene) yield complexes [\textit{cis}-Pd(L$_{2}$\textbf{P}NHC$_{6}$H$_{4}$CH$_{2}$NH\textbf{P}L$_{2})$Cl$_{2}$] (L = Cy \textbf{3}, iPr \textbf{4}) and [\textit{cis}-Pt(L$_{2}$\textbf{P}NHC$_{6}$H$_{4}$CH$_{2}$NH\textbf{P}L$_{2})$Cl$_{2}$] (L = Cy \textbf{5}, iPr \textbf{6}), respectively. The catalytic activity of the palladium complexes was investigated in the Suzuki--Miyaura cross-coupling reaction in the presence of Cs$_{2}$CO$_{3}$ as a base. The palladium complexes were also found to be highly active catalysts in the Mizoroki--Heck reaction.


The articles in this Special Issue of Public Management Review focus upon lessons for public management that arise out of the international experience of 'modernizing local governance'. Three of the articles presented in this edition – Cheung; Hartley, Butler and Benington; and Jenei and Szalai – are developments from a specialist panel convened on this subject matter at the Fifth International Research Symposium on Public Management, Barcelona in 2001. A fourth article from Geva-May has been developed from a plenary address at the same conference. At the heart of the local government modernization (LGM) agenda lies an ambitious attempt to 'transform the politics and performance' of public services. The LGM agenda is especially signiŽ cant to the readership of Public Management Review because it marks a departure from the 'eighth doctrine of new public management' (Osborne and McLaughlin 2002a: 4) and the assumption that managerial reform in public services can be brokered in a vacuum isolated from political decision making. In the case of the UK there is clear evidence to suggest that LGM represents discontinuity with the traditional values of the Anglo-American model of NPM (Ferlie et al. 1996; Kickert 1997) and greater engagement with a community governance-plural state model of NPM (Ross and Osborne 1999; Osborne and McLaughlin 2002a). LGM is concerned with the interface between managerial and political reform at the level of local policy making and service provision. The agenda poses signiŽ cant challenges in terms of change and adaptation for the institutions of local government – as well as raising issues around the role of local government as a key actor – or not – (Stoker 2001) in the process. SigniŽ cantly, it recognizes that this challenge can only be met through a combination of managerial reform and the creation of new roles and working relationships between local politicians, managers, non-proŽ t organizations and local communities. The LGM agenda is an ongoing and developing project, which requires analysis and interim evaluation. Pollitt observes that the NPM itself has suffered from an absence


It is conjectured that the spatial structure of quantum field states is influenced by a new kind of directional indeterminacy of quantum geometry set by the Planck length, $l_P$, that does not occur in a classical background geometry. Entanglement of fields with geometry modifies the transverse phase of field states at wavelength $\lambda$ and propagation distance $c\tau$ by about $ \Delta \phi\approx \sqrt{l_P\tau}/\lambda$. The new effect is not detectable in measurements of propagating states that depend only on longitudinal coordinates. The reduced information content of fields in large systems is consistent with holographic bounds from gravitation theory, and may appear as measurable quantum-geometrical noise in interferometers.


Numerious techniques for ECG analysis have been proposed and applied clinically, but the diagnosis of cardiac disorders, especially ischemie disease, has not been completely resolved. The system described here records and analyzes long-term ambulatory ECG maps for help in improved diagnosis of myocardial ischemia.


The rich physics in the overdoped regime in colossal magnetoresistive manganites is discussed in detail. Apart from having a large magnetoresistance like its underdoped counterpart, the overdoped regime offers a rich variety of phenomena including magnetic, charge and orbital order at low temperatures. The antiferromagnetic metallic state with anisotropic carrier transport, low-dimensional magnetic states and a broad spectrum of excitations is discussed. It is argued that the physics in the overdoped regime is primarily governed by the coupling of orbitals and spins. The Jahn–Teller effect, considered to be crucial for the understanding of underdoped manganites, does not play a major role in the overdoped region. The inadequacy of the limit of infinite Hund's coupling in describing the manganites, and the importance of Coulomb correlations, are borne out in several examples described. Bilayer manganites, owing to their layered structures, are shown to have an effectively stronger coupling with the underlying structural distortions. The charge ordering close to x = 0.5 and the effect of changing bandwidth are discussed. The effect of disorder and the possibility of having an inhomogeneous mixture of competing states are also outlined.


SUVIM is a Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy (IASB-BIRA) network of stations measuring UV solar radiation with several instruments at each station. The described system distributes all the original SUVIM data obtained since 1993, it is also a mirror of the original archive which previously was not accessible to outside users.. The developed tools correspond both to a need of the existing SUVIM users and to the specifications of the ULISSE FP-7 project. Different graphical interfaces facilitate the retrieval of data by the user. In particular remote users may create compressed download files regrouping instrument data by instrument or by day or months in order to have rapid data transfer. The described system is compatible with the security requirements of both the Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy and the USOC network.


In recent years, high-speed visible light communications (VLC) have been identified as an essential part of communication technologies for next generation wireless network owing to the increasing demand for faster data transmission speeds. VLC offers the unique advantages of ultra-high data rate, unregulated and secure channels, free of EM interference. Compared with the LED-based VLC system, laser-based photonic systems are promising for compact, droop-free, and high-speed white lighting and VLC applications, making them ideal alternatives for building ultra-fast optical wireless data link. Besides the potential for achieving high data rate free-space communication links, i.e., the Li-Fi network, laser based VLC, or visible laser light communication (VLLC) technology can also enable underwater wireless optical communications (UWOC) for many important applications. This paper summarizes the recent progress in high-speed laser based VLC devices and explore VLLC-enabled networks, systems, and applications. I will describe state-of-the-art VLC transmitter and receiver technologies. Novel designs to overcome the inherent limitations will be covered. Finally, the innovations in VLC systems for industrial IoT, vehicular communication, and underwater wireless networks applications will be discussed.


Globular clusters can form inside their host galaxies at high redshift when gas densities are higher and gas-rich mergers are common. They can also form inside lower-mass galaxies that have since been accreted and tidally disrupted, leaving their globular cluster complement bound to higher-mass halos. We argue that the age–metallicity–specific orbital energy relation in a galaxy's globular cluster system can be used to identify its origin. Gas-rich mergers should produce tightly bound systems in which metal-rich clusters are younger than metal-poor clusters. Globular clusters formed in massive disks and then scattered into a halo should have no relationship between age and specific orbital energy. Accreted globular clusters should produce weakly bound systems in which age and metallicity are correlated with eachother but inversely correlated with specific orbital energy. We use precise relative ages, self-consistent metallicities, and space-based proper motion-informed orbits to show that the Milky Way's metal-poor globular cluster system lies in a plane in age–metallicity–specific orbital energy space. We find that relatively young or metal-poor globular clusters are weakly bound to the Milky Way, while relatively old or metal-rich globular clusters are tightly bound to the Galaxy. While metal-rich globular clusters may be formed either in situ or ex situ, our results suggest that metal-poor clusters are formed outside of the Milky Way in now-disrupted dwarf galaxies. We predict that this relationship between age, metallicity, and specific orbital energy in a L* galaxy's globular cluster system is a natural outcome of galaxy formation in a ΛCDM universe.


The undergraduate programs on public administration and public policy in Brazil are at the present moment facing the construction and approval of National Curriculum Guidelines (NCG). This is a spe...


2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-dioxin (TCDD) is widely considered as the most toxic and common carcinogen in the world. Exposure to TCDD causes liver lipid metabolism disorder and steatosis. However, the molecular mechanism of TCDD-induced liver lipid accumulation is not completely clear. Here, we found that a 5 μg/kg TCDD exposure for three weeks induced hepatocyte lipid deposition, increased CD36 expression, and promoted AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) ɑ phosphorylation in the liver of C57BL/6J mice. Furthermore, sulfo-N-succinimidyl oleate, a CD36 inhibiter, blunted TCDD-induced lipid deposition in Huh7 cells, confirming the critical role of CD36 in TCDD-induced hepatic steatosis. In terms of molecular mechanisms, we found that TCDD exposure increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in Huh7 cells, which activated AMPK. Moreover, the activated AMPK upregulated CD36 expression. Therefore, we can see that the increase in CD36 expression induced by TCDD was regulated by ROS/AMPK/CD36 signaling pathway. Our results help to clarify the molecular mechanism of TCDD-induced hepatic steatosis.


The audit practice is increasingly heading towards a generalisation of this field that does not seem to have a direct connection with the accounting system of economic entities. We live in a very active period for the business world, in which the performances of the economic entity are increasingly analysed, which makes the financial statements as real and transparent as possible. But this transparency and reliability of financial and accounting information is given and validated by a professional accountant, who is also called auditor.


The aim of the vocational and technical institute is to cultivate the qualified personnel with advanced technology.It has become difficult for original electronic technology course education pattern to meet the teaching principle"Market is the guidance,and employment is the target".According to this aim,the paper proposes a teaching reform model which is suitable for vocational education.The mode fully embodies the task-driving and project-oriented teaching guiding principle.


Background: Hypertension or also known as high blood pressure is one of the major health problems in society especially in developing countries like Indonesia. As happened in Tlatah Village, Purwosari, Bojonegoro, hypertension case reached 3rd highest cases that reported in reports of village health service visits in 2019  with so many factors cause hypertension where these factors are divided into modified factor and cannot be changed factor.  Purpose: This aimed of this study was to determine the risk factors that associated with the incidence of hypertension in Tlatah Village, Purwosari District, Bojonegoro Regency.  Methode: This type of research was a descriptive analytic analysis with a cross-sectional study design. The population in this study was the entire population of 557 people and the sample was taken using simple random sampling technique of 83 people.  Result: The results of the analysis showed that the variable which was statistically significant and had a significant relationship was the variable of exercise habits with  p-value <0.05 (p = 0.000; OR = 0.528 CI = 0.767-0.239) .  Conclusin: The conclusion of this study was that exercise habit was a risk factor associated with hypertension incidence in Tlatah Village, Purwosar i , Bojonegoro . Key words  :  exercise habit, hypertension, hypertension factor


One of the most important events in the history of Life is the colonisation of the land by plants; the earliest steps occurred about 460 million years ago. A few million years later, during the Devonian period, plants became more and more abundant. Tracheophytes evolved from small dichotomous axes with terminal sporangia to plants reaching 40 m in height. The evolution of large erect plants with tree-habit was achieved by the Pseudosporochnales (Monilophytes) during the Middle Devonian and the Archaeopteridales (Lignophytes) at the end of the Devonian. We describe here a possible early representative of the Lignophytes from the Lower Devonian from the Chateaupanne quarry (Anjou, Armorican massif, France). Pyritized axes show well-preserved anatomy. The primary xylem is centrarch or mesarch and is circular in transverse section. It is surrounded by a zone of radially aligned cells that is interpreted as a simple secondary xylem. Both primary and secondary (?) xylems comprise P-type tracheids. The link with symbiotic fungi goes back to the dawn of the land plants. The evidence of paramycorrhizae occurring in the prostrate axes of Aglaophyton major from the Rhynie Chert dated to the early Devonian. Aglaophyton however did not possess tracheids that characterize the tracheophytes. By Late Devonian and Carboniferous times, various rooting structures had evolved in tracheophytes. Our reinvestigation of historical thin sections from silicified material from the Late Pennsylvanian of Grand'Croix (Central massif, France) provides evidence for the mycorrhizal status of Radiculites-type Cordaitalean rootlets. These rootlets are characterized by a cortical reticulum of cell wall thickenings named phi-thickenings. This lignified reticulum is an important feature used to distinguish Cordaitalean rootlets from underground parts of other plants. As a result, our study demonstrates the oldest evidence for mycorrhizal association in the conifer clade.


A drive wheel having an electric wheel hub motor for a motor vehicle includes a stator arranged around a wheel hub and is connected to the wheel hub in a non-rotatable manner. A rotor is mounted in such a manner that it can rotate relative to the stator to drive a wheel rim connected to the rotor in a non-rotatable manner. At least two energy storage devices are arranged between the wheel hub and the stator to output electrical energy for operation of the electric wheel hub motor. The energy storage devices are embodied in each case in the shape of a ring segment in such a manner that the energy storage devices form a closed ring around the wheel hub when lying adjacent to one another.


Retrospectively analyzed data of 41 patients with primary gastric non-Hodgkin lymphoma which were all treated by gastric resection are presented with regard to their histopathologic and clinical findings. 87% of the patients were distributed on stage EI and EII (51% high-grade and 49% low-grade lymphoma). R0 resection was achieved in 80% of our cases and in 27% of the cases gastric resection was part of a multimodal therapy. The median follow up of the living patients was 42 months, the overall 5-year survival rate 74%. Tumor stage, extent of surgical resection, histologic grade, tumor site, R0-resection and tumor size showed a significant prognostic influence on survival. The question whether R0 resectable cases benefit from an adjuvant therapy must be answered by further randomized studies.


Coal-bed methane(CBM) is produced in coal mining.From coal,rock and goal release of harmful gases in the working face and turned enrichment,which led to a gas explosion in a coal mine disaster.Consequently,the identification of coal-bed methane concentration regions,highlights the potential for forecasting gas and application of the current coal production.Based on the fundamental of geographical information system,combing with theories and methods of coal-bed methane geology,structural geology,we make a deep study on coal-bed methane of dissociated in virtue of ArcGIS platform.Based on generation-reservoir-overburden condition of admixture gas in this district,we establish an analysis model and spatial analysis database,and apply them to the Wangying coalfield.Then we perform a forecast of possible gather area about coal-bed methane of dissociating in the Wangying coalfield,pointing direction of coal-bed methane exploration in the future.


In the past, remote sensing has shown an ability to detect and describe urban growth patterns at different spatial scales. With new remote sensing devices (e.g. IKONOS, MODIS), with innovative image processing techniques and with further development of decision support tools (e.g. GIS and urban land use change models), remote sensing has new opportunities to provide useful information in support of sustainable development and "smart growth" for urban areas. Given that urban dynamics impact many spatial scales, we present a framework for the mapping and analysis of predictable patterns of urban at different spatial scales in order to analyze the urbanization process. We discuss problems of urban area mapping at the super- regional/global scale, and more directly address issues of spatial and spectral sensor requirements for urban mapping on the local and regional scale. We conduct urban growth analysis using spatial measurements of changes in the urban environment on the regional scale, and urban land cover structure on the local scale, in the Santa Barbara, CA area. Results show how the new era of remote sensing data and superior methods allow for a better mapping, understanding, modeling, and prediction of the spatial and temporal dynamics of urban growth at each of the different scales.


Purpose This study was conducted in order to compare relationships between the macular visual field (VF) mean sensitivity measured by MAIATM (Macular Integrity Assessment), MP-3, or Humphry field analyzer (HFA) and the ganglion cell and inner plexiform layer (GCA) thicknesses. Methods This cross-sectional study examined 73 glaucoma patients and 19 normal subjects. All subjects underwent measurements for GCA thickness by Cirrus HD-OCT and static threshold perimetry using MAIATM, MP-3, or HFA. VF and OCT in the retinal view were used to examine both the global relationship between the VF sensitivity and GCA thickness, and the superior hemiretina and inferior hemiretina. The relationship between the GCA thickness and macular sensitivity was examined by Spearman correlation analysis. Results For each instrument, statistically significant macular VF sensitivity (dB) and GCA thickness relationships were observed using the decibel scale (R = 0.547–0.687, all P < 0.001). The highest correlation for the global (R = 0.682) and the superior hemiretina (R = 0.594) GCA thickness-VF mean sensitivity was observed by the HFA. The highest correlation for the inferior hemiretina (R = 0.687) GCA thickness-VF mean sensitivity was observed by the MP-3. Among the three VF measurement instruments, however, no significant differences were found for the structure-function relationships. Conclusions All three VF measurement instruments found similar structure-function relationships in the central VF.


The principal aim of this study is to provide further empirical evidence of the elasticity of substitution between capital and labour in 5 -digit Malays(an manufacturing industries using the trans log cost function. The Allen partial elasticity of substitution was calculated at the mean cost shares at the beginning year (1968), base year (1980) and at ending year of analysis (1984). The elasticities evaluated at the mean cost shares in different years show insignificant variations and generally lower than unity. Policy implications were then drawn from the empirical findings


The embodiment of the invention discloses a numerical value transferring method, a terminal, a server and a system. The method comprises the following steps: a numerical value transferring terminal receives a numerical value transferring request initiated by a user, wherein the numerical value transferring request comprises a user identity which is used for identifying a user; the numerical value transferring terminal collects the face data of the user, and sends the face data of the user and the user identity to the server; a matching result returned from the server is received, wherein the matching result is a result obtained by that the server matches the face data of the user with the face data corresponding to the user identity, and the face data corresponding to the user identity is provided for the server by the user in advance; and the numerical value transferring terminal determines an operation corresponding to the numerical value transferring request according to the matching result. The embodiment of the invention can improve the safety of a numerical value transferring process, and an operation of numerical value transferring can be simplified.


From 1958 to 1974, 283 cases of microcarcinoma of the cervix were treated. Of these, 196 showed early stromal invasion, ie, only microscopically visible epithelial protrusions into the stroma. In 87 cases, measurable microcarcinoma was present with a maximum invasion depth of 7 mm and a maximum volume of 420 cu mm, respectively. Vascular invasion was present in 10 cases which did not alter the diagnosis of the disease. All cases were diagnosed in cone specimens after step sectioning. In 98 cases a Schauta radical vaginal operation without lymphadenectomy was performed. A Wertheim hysterectomy with lymphadenectomy was done in only 10 cases. One hundred and twenty-six cases were treated by simple hysterectomy, while conization was the only therapy in 44 cases. Five cases were treated by irradiation therapy. One hundred and eighty-eight patients were followed for 5 years or more, and 254 patients were followed for a minimum of 3 years. The longest period of observation was 18 years. In 3 cases, residual disease which proved to be carcinoma in situ, was found immediately after surgery. In 1 case, severe dysplasia developed in the vagina after 14 years. There was 1 case of a larger microcarcinoma with lymphatic invasion that led to an apparent progression of the disease with fatal outcome. In 9 other cases with microlymphatic invasion, no recurrence was observed. Based on this extensive experience, it is concluded that microcarcinoma with a tumor volume of less than 500 cu mm is, in general, not associated with metastatic spread. Microinvasive carcinoma of such a size may therefore be considered to be a localized disease and may be treated by local therapeutic measures. Such therapy must be based on a histologic study of cone specimens, including step sections from which the tumor volume can be estimated. The depth of invasion alone is of little value for the accurate assessment of the biologic potency of this tumor.


We study the importance and the effects of anisotropic thermal conduction in a collisionless magnetized advection dominated accretion flow in the presence of discontinuity of mass, angular momentum and energy between inflow and outflow. In this paper, we have considered that the thermal conduction is a heating mechanism like viscosity and leads to an increase in the temperature of the gas. A set of self -similar solutions are used for steady state and axisymmetric structure of such hot accretion disc to solve the MHD equations in our model. Based on these solutions, we have found that the anisotropic thermal conduction can be effective in the parameter space of specific energy of outflow, toroidal and vertical components of magnetic field according to a physical constraint tinfall ≥ t⊥,conduction .


Studies on the removal of Cryptosporidium oocysts by direct filtration suggested that high removal efficiencies (>3.0 log) can be achieved, but the vast majority of the studies focused on the assessment of downflow direct filtration. However, in comparison with downflow direct filtration, filters in upflow direct filtration systems use lower filtration rates, deeper stratified bed, and water flows from coarse to fine sand grain, which may improve the removal of oocysts. In this context, we evaluated the removal of Cryptosporidium oocysts using upflow direct filtration, on a pilot scale, to treat Paranoá Lake water (Brazil) seeded with Cryptosporidium oocysts. The experiments were conducted with raw water with low turbidity (3.2–5.7 NTU) and induced higher turbidity (28–30 NTU). Non-parametric statistical analysis was used to verify correlations between the filtered water values and removal of oocysts, particles, and turbidity. In general, no correlation was observed between the parameters analyzed, nor between their removals. The exception was the correlation between residual values of Cryptosporidium oocysts and particles of 2 to 7 µm during ripening, an aspect that needs further evaluation. Under stable operation, average removal of Cryptosporidium oocysts by upflow direct filtration was >3.87 log. During ripening, removal of oocysts was around 1 log lower.


We present a series of experiments to understand the nature and extent of discrimination in urban Lima, Peru. The experiments exploit varying degrees of information on performance and personal characteristics as people sort into groups to test for statistical versus taste-based discrimination. This allows us to examine the nature of discrimination. Our sample is similar to the racial and socio-economic diversity of young adults in urban Lima. This allows us to look at the extent of discrimination. We use a unique method to measure race, along four racial dimensions common in Peru, and find that race is clearly observable. This gives us confidence that we can examine discrimination based on race. While behavior is not correlated with personal, socio-economic or racial characteristics, people do use personal characteristics to sort themselves into groups. Beauty is a robust predictor of being a desirable group member as is being a woman. Being unattractive or looking indigenous makes one less desirable and looking white increases oneA¢??s desirability. Interestingly, indigenous subjects are three times more likely to be classified as unattractive, suggesting that beauty might mask discrimination. We find that once information on performance is provided, almost all evidence of discrimination is eliminated, except in the most-preferred group. The evidence in these cases is consistent with taste-based, rather than statistical, discrimination.


Hot-in-place recycling of asphalt pavement is one of the important regeneration technologies of pavement engineering, which apply to the pavements with fewer diseases, excellent driving quality, slight rutting, and good pavement structural strength. However, the surface layer of some road sections was aging, the penetration index of aged asphalt at 25°C is lower than 20(0.1mm), which does not meet the recommended requirements of the criterion in China. In 2019, 3 sections of test projects were laid on the expressway, each section was 1 km, for confirming the feasibility of using hot-in-place recycling with asphalt penetration less than 20 (0.1mm) through physical engineering. Experimental results confirmed that Marshall stability, residual stability, dynamic stability and water seepage of the hot-in-place recycled mixture optimized by the recycled pavement material with a penetration of aged asphalt of 15 can meet the specification requirements, Pavement Condition Index (PCI), International Roughness Index (IRI), and Rut Depth (RD) of the test pavements are in good conditions.


The paper first defines energy management as a large scale optimization problem. We then identify the subproblem of adjusting the heat f low between each of several processes and a common utility system as one which can be studied using recent work by Cerda and coworkers (Doldan et al, 1983a, Doldan et al, 1983b). We decribe the use of a diagram which shows the f low of heat in such processes. With it one is able to see when improving the utility consumption of one or more of the processes may only result in the generation of more low pressure powerhouse steam. The diagram allows one to accomplish the analysis by hand methods. A linear programming model can also be written which corresponds to it. Finally we show how one can locate the more energy efficient relative production rates among the processes.


There is, nowadays, a significant volume of historiographical work about Valencianism. However, this collection of books and articles is incomplete and contains important gaps regarding certain historical periods. So, while the past fifty years of history of the Valencianism movement have been studied closely—nearly since its origins—a bibliography of periods prior to the emergence of what is known as "Fusteriansism" (in reference to the writer Joan Fuster) contains considerable gaps. The historical trajectory of Valencianism has been outlined thanks to several literary genres: from biographies and autobiographies to the latest doctoral theses, including historical essays and sociological and political works. Ultimately, it is clear that a lot has been achieved since 1962 in consolidating our knowledge of Valencianism, but there is still much research left to be done.


Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are currently state-of-the-art for various classification tasks, but are computationally expensive. Propagating through the convolutional layers is very slow, as each kernel in each layer must sequentially calculate many dot products for a single forward and backward propagation which equates to $\mathcal{O}(N^{2}n^{2})$ per kernel per layer where the inputs are $N \times N$ arrays and the kernels are $n \times n$ arrays. Convolution can be efficiently performed as a Hadamard product in the frequency domain. The bottleneck is the transformation which has a cost of $\mathcal{O}(N^{2}\log_2 N)$ using the fast Fourier transform (FFT). However, the increase in efficiency is less significant when $N\gg n$ as is the case in CNNs. We mitigate this by using the "overlap-and-add" technique reducing the computational complexity to $\mathcal{O}(N^2\log_2 n)$ per kernel. This method increases the algorithm's efficiency in both the forward and backward propagation, reducing the training and testing time for CNNs. Our empirical results show our method reduces computational time by a factor of up to 16.3 times the traditional convolution implementation for a 8 $\times$ 8 kernel and a 224 $\times$ 224 image.


Any organization wishing to adopt best practices for its C++ development needs to consider the coding rules to prescribe in its Coding Standard. There are many publicly available guidelines to use as a starting point, with the 3 most comprehensive being High Integrity C++ (HICPP), Joint Strike Fighter Air Vehicle C++ (JSF++) and MISRA C++. While there appear to be preferences in certain industries for following one of these guidelines over all the others, the rationale is often only an emotive one. This article aims to shed some light on overlaps between HICPP, JSF++ and MISRA C++, with the intention of helping in the aforementioned coding standard formulation process, as well as understanding the effort of complying with more than one off-theshelf coding standard, for example in cases where code is reused and different coding standards are mandated contractually.


Dear Sir, Translation of the early predictive findings in our study [1], and that of Jessner et al. [2], to therapy with Peg-IFN and ribavirin may not be direct and will need careful analysis. The Peg-IFN therapy has a longer half-life in the body and thus is superior to IFN TIW dosing as it keeps a higher level of IFN for longer durations. However, it has a slower rise in IFN blood levels and the levels do not appear to stay as constant over the course of a week, as with IFN daily dosing, often leading to viral rebound towards the end of the first week of treatment [3–5]. Moreover, it seems that there is large inter-patient variability in IFN viral kinetics following Peg injection [3–5]. While clearly the results presented in Figure 1 of the editorial by Zeuzem et al. [6] would suggest that viral levels after the first day of PEG-IFN cannot be used to predict sustained viral clearance, or for that matter non-response, what remains uncertain with all published Peg-IFN kinetic studies is what constitutes the end of the first phase and the transition into the second phase. From the information presented in the literature, the first phase varies from 24 to 72 h [3,4]. Thus, using only the results within the first 24 h may not accurately represent the nadir of the first phase viral decline with Peg-IFN. Nevertheless, it might be envisioned that either Peg-IFN therapy will be supported with a normal IFN injection during the first days of therapy, or that one could start with a normal injection of IFN as a test of the patients sensitivity to IFN, as Jessner et al. did [2]. In that sense, our results showing the predictive value of 24 h after one injection of IFN to sustained response are very important for future planning of therapy with Peg-IFN. As well, our results also show, for the first time, the basis for the correlation between the first day response and the subsequent second phase viral decline slope, that have been supported by a theoretical model [7], and validated for Peg-IFN therapy [5]. Lastly, all of the above aside, currently the most robust predictive parameter for SVR is the second slope, that should be measured with at least three time points, taken consistently 24–48 h after IFN or Peg-IFN injection, during the first month of therapy. However, the challenge, as we begin the era of Peg-IFN treatment for HCV-infected patients, is to better understand the early dynamics of this newest form of treatment, the reasons for the lack of response, still, in 50% of genotype 1 patients, and to look for even earlier predictors of treatment response.


The chemical vapor deposition(CVD)growth method is applicable to produce high-yield single-crystalline ZnO nanobelts.The Mg-doped ZnO nanobelts with a smooth surface have been successfully synthesized.The morphology,microstructure and optical properties of the ZnO nanobelts were analyzed by X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscope(SEM),transmission electron microscope(TEM),selective area electron diffraction(SAED),energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS)and photoluminescence(PL)spectroscopy.Results reveal that the ZnO nanobelts possess good crystalline quality.The special formation mechanism of crystal growth is discussed,emphasizing the effect of polar orientation on the nucleation and growth of the ZnO nanobelts.


The spread and expansion of pests and pathogens due to climate change have caused considerable reduction of rice yield in agricultural landscapes. This study was conducted to quantitatively analyze the spread of rice pathogens carried by insect pests on spatial network in South Korea using graphtheoretic methods. We identified the connectivity "backbone" of pathogen spread network among the cities along the coastal area of West Sea. In addition, we graphically represented 1) the core areas that can cause local and regional outbreaks of pathogens; and 2) the areas that act as bottlenecks in the spread of pathogen which can link the core areas. Especially, the cities in the coastal areas of West Sea that have the high density of rice crops, represented a low spread resistance to pathogen infection. These results may suggest insights into planning the integrated pest management possibly through regional collaboration.


1. Objectives This paper was tried to find out the clinical use of Gwanjung-tang by comparing patients' chief complain and natural symptom. 2. Methods The study was researched as clinically with medical records of 88 patients who visited a certain oriental medicine clinic which is in Seoul during Ja...


Background: Curcumin is the natural yellow pigment in turmeric isolated from the rhizome of the plant Curcuma longa. Curcumin inhibits formation and invasive cancer cells and destroys cancer cells resistant to chemotherapeutic drugs. Objectives: The purpose of this study was the survey of effects of different concentrations of alcoholic curcumin on the octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT4) Nanog and Nucleostemin genes in the AGS (human gastric adenocarcinoma) cell line. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study the AGS cell line was cultured in RPMI-1640, supplemented with penicillin/streptomycin (100 U/mL and 100 mg/mL, respectively) and 10% fetal bovine serum, at 37°C in a humidified atmosphere of 5% CO2. In 60 - 70% cell confluence, the cells were treated with curcumin concentration (20, 40, 100) μL and incubated for 24, 48 and 72 hours. Finally, total RNA were extracted and cDNA were synthesized and the expression of mentioned genes was detected. The data were analyzed by excel software. Results: Expression rate of OCT4A, OCT4B, Nanog and Nucleostemin (GLN3) at concentrations less than 20 μg/mL were reduced but OCT4B1 expression showed increased by hours respectively. Conclusions: The results showed that curcumin inhibited cell division; also, this study could be the basis for more extensive studies on the anti-cancer effect of the combined plants.


I give a basic introduction to the Heavy Quark Effective Theory. I discuss the implications of the heavy quark limit for hadron spectroscopy, devoting particular attention to the classification of heavy-light mesons in doublets. I show how using an approach based on effective lagrangian terms displaying new symmetries that arise in such a limit, it is possible to make predictions for strong decays of heavy-light mesons with the emission of a light meson that are helpful in identifying recently discovered states. Moreover, I consider how weak transitions among members of the various doublets can be expressed in terms of universal form factors. As a last topic, I discuss the case of heavy mesons with hidden flavour, with particular reference to the state X(3872).


Plastic waste has accumulated in the aquatic ecosystem as a result of the increasing use of plastic in recent years and their wrong recycling policies. Plastic pollution has become a global problem with its effects on aquatic organisms. Plastics that break down into microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) due to different physical, chemical and biological factors in the environment enter the food chain and directly threaten human health. As a result of widespread plastic pollution, microplastics and nanoplastics are ingested by many different species, from zooplankton, fish, shellfish to marine mammals. Microplastics that enter into marine organisms can move within living tissue and move between tissue and organ. However, some stages in seafood processing technologies can also be a source of microplastic contamination. Physical, chemical and biological toxicity effects caused by microplastics are not fully known yet. In future studies, it is important to examine and determine the source and transmission routes of microplastics in seafood for consumer health. In this review, the risks of microplastics entering the food chain from aquatic ecosystems in seafood products in terms of food safety are discussed, and analytical methods for the identification and extraction of micro-plastics in this research area are examined.


A Thesis Presented to the School of Graduate Studies of The University of Toronto by MICHAEL JUSTIN STUDDERT In partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Veterinary Science 1961.


This paper attempts to visualize spatial data to promote information and communication technologies in developing countries. Mass people of developing countries are not well educated. They do not have proper knowledge of data and their representation. Consequently, Government is not capable of successfully making the data available for common people. Various types of data for example, climate, agriculture, transportation are publicly available to obtain meaningful pattern from the data so that they can be utilized in efficient ways. In this research, we have reported some visualization techniques to get better understanding of spatial data. Rainfall data has been used as test data. Our research shows that, utilizing programming tools, interesting visuals can be generated to promoted information and communication technology research.


I introduce and discuss the quantum Monte Carlo method, a state-of-the-art computer simulation technique capable of solving the equations of quantum mechanics with extremely high accuracy whilst remaining tractable for systems with relatively large numbers of constituent particles. The CASINO code, developed in our group in Cambridge over many years, is briefly reviewed and results obtained with it are used to illuminate the discussion.


Movement changes in pain. Unlike the somewhat stereotypical response of limb muscles to pain, trunk muscle responses are highly variable when challenged by pain in that region. This has led many to question the existence of a common underlying theory to explain the adaptation. Here, we tested the hypotheses that (1) adaptation in muscle activation in acute pain leads to enhanced spine stability, despite variation in the pattern of muscle activation changes; and (2) individuals would use a similar 'signature' pattern for tasks with different mechanical demands.


There is a scene in the cultural writings of English colonialism which repeats so insistently after the early nineteenth century — and, through that repetition, so triumphantly inaugurates a literature of empire — that I am bound to repeat it once more. It is the scenario, played out in the wild and wordless wastes of colonial India, Africa, the Caribbean, of the sudden, fortuitous discovery of the English book. (Bhabha, 1986: 163) Proof like Doubt must seek the hidden wound in orders of complacency that mask opportunist codes of hollow survival. (Harris, 1960: 7)


CURRENT PRACTICES IN PRESCHOOL ASSESSMENT AMONG SCHOOL PSYCHOLOGISTS SEPTEMBER 1990 KAREN G. TIERNEY, B.S., UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS M.Ed., SPRINGFIELD COLLEGE Ed.D., UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS Directed by: Dr. Patricia Gillespie-Silver Due to the impact of Public Law 99-457, many school psychologists will become increasingly involved in the psychological assessment of preschoolers. Since the law does not specify what assessment practices should be followed, current practices vary according to the setting, employer and practitioner. This study addresses the issue of an information need by establishing a database on current assessment practices. Information provided by school psychologists currently involved in the assessment of preschool children in public school settings would help define techniques specifically designed for this age group. To determine current preschool assessment practices, a survey was conducted of 100 school psychologists who work


Although most patients are satisfied with the results of rhinoplasty surgery, unanticipated postoperative psychological reactions can occur. Depression after rhinoplasty represents a form of adverse psychological reaction toward cosmetic surgery. Here we report a case of postoperative depression after a satisfactory rhinoplasty in a psychologically stable patient. This case of post-rhinoplasty depression should remind cosmetic surgeons that a good result may not consistently produce a happy, satisfied patient. Although preoperative psychological evaluations may be helpful in screening patients, this assessment may not always be predictive. The surgeon should therefore be prepared to help his patients to cope with adverse psychological reactions.


In this section, two important tendencies that have helped to shape the current situation in Puerto Rico are examined. Miles Galvin examines the role of the American Federation of Labor in the early development of the Puerto Rican labor movement. He analyzes the changing thrust and militancy of labor unions in Puerto Rico and offers an interpretation for the early conservativism of organized labor. Galvin, on leave from the Labor Relations Institute at the University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras, is currently at the Graduate School of Education, Rutgers University. Manuel Maldonado-Denis's contribution looks at Puerto Rican nationalism and considers its particular nature in contrast to Latin American nationalism in general. The article also briefly examines the impact of nationalism on political parties in Puerto Rico, especially the independ ence parties. Maldonado-Denis, author of the well-known Puerto Rico: A Socio-Historic Interpre tation,is a member of the Department of Political Science, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras. His paper was presented at a seminar, The Crisis of the World Economic System and the Pros pects for Latin American Nationalism, in Venezuela, May 10-14, 1976. It has been translated by the editors of Latin American Perspectives.


There are number of existing algorithms proposed that mines frequent patterns from certain or precise data. But know a day's demand of uncertain data mining is increased. There are many situations in which data are uncertain. For frequent pattern mining from uncertain data mainly two approaches are proposed that are level-wise approach and pattern-growth approach. Level-wise approach use the generate and test strategy. U-Apriori algorithm is the example of Level-wise approach. Pattern-growth approach uses tree like structure. UF-growth algorithm, UFP-growth algorithm, CUFP-mine algorithm, PUF-growth algorithm are the examples of pattern-growth approach. Here we are taking the survey of algorithms that are used to mine frequent patterns from uncertain data.


The present invention relates to a highly stable broadband light source, comprising: a semiconductor light source having an emission spectrum of a particular (1); having a specific band pass filtering functions and predetermined bandwidth optical filter (4,5; 4a); a coupling element ( 3; 10), the semiconductor light source (1) and said optical filter (4, 5; light 4a) is fed to the transmitting coupling element (3; 10), and the output terminal of the coupling element ( 11) to achieve light emission of the broadband light source. The broad band light source by the light emission spectrum of the semiconductor light source (1) and the light emission spectrum filter; emission spectrum configuration (4,5 4a) bandpass filter function. The optical filter; wavelength (4,5 4a) is carried out by such a manner that for stabilizing the temperature of the broadband light source such that the light emission spectrum of the light essentially only by said filter (4,5; 4a) of filter function decision.


This work deals with characterization of polypropylene (PP) exposed to plasma discharge and gold layers deposited on the plasma modified PP. PP foils were exposed to Ar plasma and subsequently metallized with sputtered Au layer. Chemical structure of the plasma modified PP was studied using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Rutherford backscattering (RBS). Wettability of the plasma modified PP and its changes during sample aging were determined by goniometry. Surface morphology of PP and deposited Au layers was measured with atomic force microscopy (AFM). Continuity of Au layers was characterized by measuring their sheet resistance. With increasing exposure time in the plasma discharge the water contact angle decreases and the polymer surface becomes more hydrophilic. During the aging of the plasma treated samples the contact angle increases again. Plasma treatment leads to a decrease of the PP surface roughness and to generation of oxygen-containing polar groups on PP surface. During sample aging the concentration of the oxygen-containing groups decreases.


(Z)-Silyl, -Unsaturated Ketones and their Application in the Synthesis of 1,4-Diketones W ix Zheng,a Xian Huang*a,b a Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University (Xixi Campus, Hangzhou 310028, P. R. China b The State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. R. China E-mail: email@example.com Received 12 July 2002; revised 9 September 2002


This paper describes practical experience of perforating of producing horizons under conditions that are incompatible for perforating for geological reasons, as well as methods of killing and developing wells with ALRP.


Abstract Mossbauer and electronic spectral data are reported for a series of bis(dimethyl glyoximato) iron(II) complexes containing imidazole, pyridine and pyrazine derivatives in the axial position. The isomer shifts increase with the pKa of the N-heterocyclic ligands, and exhibit an inverse correlation with the energies of the metal-to-equatorial ligand charge-transfer transitions.


Background: In 2009, we have described a novel technique of laparoscopic colectomy without abdominal incision [hybrid natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) colectomy] where laparoscopic dissection and intra-corporeal anastomosis were performed as usual but the specimen was delivered through the anus with the use of transanal endoscopic operation (TEO) device set-up without mini-laparotomy. We have completed a randomized trial comparing this technique with conventional laparoscopic colectomy (CL) for left sided colonic tumors, and early short term results had showed that in selected group of patients, they can enjoy the full benefit of minimally invasive surgery with significant lesser wound pain as well as a lower wound infection rate. This study is a follow up of previous trial, and aims to report immediate outcome between the two groups.
 Method: All 70 patients including 35 patients in the hybrid NOTES group and 35 patients in conventional colectomy group were continued to follow up in our outpatient clinic with regular surveillance. Patients were compared for clinicopathological variables, disease recurrence and survival rates.
 Results: Clinicopathological details were comparable between the two groups. Within median follow up of 37–45 months in the two groups, no statistically significant difference was observed in disease recurrence rate (conventional: 8.57%; hybrid: 5.71%; P value: 0.22) and 3-year disease free survival rates (conventional: 42%; hybrid: 62%; P value: 0.144). While the overall 3-year survival rate is statistically shorter in the conventional group (conventional: 54%; hybrid: 71%; P value Conclusions: It is safe for us to offer hybrid colectomy for selected patients with left sided colonic cancer, without adversely affect their oncological outcome and survival, while at the same time, benefit of minimally invasive surgery can be fully expressed.


Let υ be a prime divisor of a 2-dimensional regular local ring (R m) with algebraically closed residue field k. Zariski showed that a prime divisor υ of R is uniquely associated to a simple m-primary integrally closed ideal I of R, there exist finitely many simple υ-ideals including I, and all the other υ-ideals can be uniquely factored into products of simple υ-ideals. It is known that such an m-primary ideal I of R can be minimally generated by o(I) + 1 elements.Given a simple integrally closed ideal I of order one with arbitrary rank and its associated prime divisor υ, we find minimal generating sets of all the simple υ-ideals and describe factorizations of all the composite υ-ideals in terms of power products of simple υideals as explicitly as possible.


Individuals diagnosed with ASD (Autism Spectrum Disorder) often exhibit multiple challenging behaviors such as stereotyping, non-compliance, self-injuries, and aggression. The lack of a target behavior across schools, homes, and clinical settings not only impedes an individual learning on academic and self-help skills, but also disrupts their integration into school and society. To maintain the target behavior, the study successfully evaluated various reinforcement strategies. On the basis of a preliminary study conducted with a small group of children diagnosed with developmental disorders at an Autism intervention clinic in India concluded that video games can be used to strongly reinforce the expected behavior and reduce problematic behavior, successfully. Consequently, a survey carried out with various experts within India and abroad confirm that videogames designed on a tablet format are successfully used as strong reinforces during behavioral interventions. In view of these aspects, the present study proposes a multi-stage videogame design that is built with a user interface and smart algorithm allowing access and progression in the game based on a childs behavior data. The design establishes a contingency between reinforcer (videogame) and childs behavior thereby improving the acceptable target behavior.


In his first monograph, Rory Cormac has provided a useful account of the role the Joint Intelligence Committee (JIC) played in Britain's counterinsurgency campaigns during the final days of the emp...


Due to the advancement of technology, the demand of the hour is increasing. Metal machining is one of the important aspects. During machining, several process parameters such as cutting speed, feed rate and depth of cut affecting the material removal rate, machining performance and its productivity. The majority of work performed by the engineers is to find out the optimal level of parameter to obtain the desired quality and maximize the performance of machining. There are several techniques available to determine the optimum values of these parameters. We are using Genetic algorithm for the prediction of material removal rate (MRR). From this genetic algorithm, we are selecting optimum result relating to process parameters. KeywordsGenetic Algorithm, Material Removal Rate


The implementation of Si 1-xGex layers in active device structures is nowadays recognized as an efficient w ay to improve device characteristics. One example is the Heterojunction Bipolar Transistor (HBT) in the BiCM OS Technology, the core of which includes a Si 1-xGex/Si heterostructure deposited by means of Reduced Press ure Chemical Vapor Deposition (RP-CVD). For future devi c generations (0.18 μm or below), the possible replacement of Si1-xGex by Si1-x-yGexCy is currently under investigation. The implementation of C leads to red uced boron out diffusion. This device application requir es very good control of layer thickness and composition. Unfortunately, most of the well-developed character ization methods such as RBS, SIMS, and Photoluminescence measurements are unsuitable as product ion measurement tools. On the other hand, Spectroscopic  Ellipsometry (SE) allows a fast, in-line and nondestructive analysis, including wafer-mapping facil ities. Recently, we showed the suitability of SE to determ ine both Ge content and layer thickness of strained Si 1-xGex for Ge contents between 1 and 35% [1]. We use the ASET-F5 (Advanced Spectroscopic Ellipsometry Technology) system from KLA-TENCOR, which is a small-spot spectroscopic ellipsometer. The small sp ot (28x14 μm) size allows characterization of epitaxial layers grown in isolation structures. The small win dow size prevents RBS measurements. We describe the opt ical dispersion by means of the harmonic oscillator mode l, and obtained a clear correlation between the Ge con tent and En(1), the resonant energy of the first oscillator, a nd nmax, the peak value of the real part of the refractive index (Fig. 1,2). In this way, SE allows the fine-tuning of selective and non-selective epitaxial growth proces ses with regard to growth rate, Ge incorporation and wa fer uniformity.


The approbation of the methods making sports games specialists more competent increased students' academic progress and their interest to work as a coach. This approbation was based on learning of value system, living conditions and time budget of the modern students. The study gives a lot of opportunities to the students to reach their educational goals.


The purpose of the present invention is to provide a melting material supply device which is capable of contributing to improvements in the working environment and the melting efficiency of a metal melting furnace, and which is also capable of making melting work more efficient. This melting material supply device 10 for supplying a melting material to a crucible 31 is provided with: a melting material supply part 12 for supplying the melting material to the crucible 31; and a furnace lid 13 for closing an opening 32 provided in the upper part of the crucible 31. The furnace lid 13 is supported in a horizontal state by a furnace lid-supporting part 40, and is capable of being moved between a position in which the opening 32 is closed, and a standby position located above a hood part 24. When the furnace lid 13 is in the standby position, the top of the opening 32 is open, and the melting material can be supplied into the crucible 31 therefrom.


Abstract Physical fractions of soil organic matter (SOM) are established indicators of management-induced change and have been used to estimate the soil carbon storage capacity and storage potential. Here, we use SOM physical fractions and soil textures to identify management practices that maintain or enhance soil health and carbon storage in agricultural soils in Ontario. Metadata from the National Soil Database were used to estimate carbon storage potentials and calculate carbon deficits. A map was created showing carbon deficits in Ontario's agricultural soils and indicates that these soils have the potential to store an additional 0 to 2kgm−2 in the top 20cm of the soil. Tillage system generally had no effect on the size of the carbon deficit at four long-term agricultural experiments (Delhi, Elora, Ottawa, and Ridgetown). There was only a significant tillage effect at Ridgetown and only in the maize–soybean crop rotation, where the carbon deficit was 2.95gCkgsoil−1 under conventional tillage compared to 8.97gCkgsoil−1 with no tillage. A statistically significant effect of crop rotation was detected in Elora and Ridgetown. In Elora, continuous alfalfa had the smallest carbon deficit (7.25gCkgsoil−1) and maize–soybean rotation had the largest deficit (12.07gCkgsoil−1). In Ridgetown, the maize–soybean rotation had the smallest carbon deficit (2.95gCkgsoil−1). Regression analysis showed a weak negative relationship (R2=0.11; P<0.001) between carbon storage deficits and soil health scores. This suggests that increasing SOM levels alone may not improve soil health.


Nanostructured materials may be defined as materials whose structural elements - clusters, crystallites or molecules- have dimensions in the 1 to 100 nm range. As compared to bulk materials, nanoscale materials exhibit large surface areas and size-dependent quantum confinement effects. They often have distinct electronic, optical, magnetic, chemical, and thermal properties One of the important goals for nanoscale synthesis is the production of structures that achieved monodispersity, stability, and crystallinity with predictable morphology. Nowadays, the solution-phase approach has become a promising technique to prepare nanostructures. During the solution-phase synthesis of nanoparticles, the control of nucleation and successive growth, which is extremely sensitive to the synthetic parameters, has been believed to be the key to the size and shape-controlled synthesis of nanostructures. In principle we can classify the wet chemical synthesis of nanomaterials into two broad groups: The top down method: where single crystals are etched in an aqueous solution for producing nanomaterials. The bottom up method: consisting of precipitation method, sol-gel etc. where materials containing the desired precursors are mixed in a controlled fashion to form a colloidal solution. The current work is devoted to the synthesis of nanostructured CuO, Cu2O, ZnO and Silicon (nanoparticles and nanosheets) with high specific surface area using a fast, facile and inexpensive solution method which should be suitable for large-scale production. Bottom up method was applied to prepare nanostructured CuO, Cu2O and ZnO powders at room temperature from metallic copper powder, zinc powder, and other precursors in the presence of directing agent such as ethylene glycol, sodium dodecyl Sulphate (SDS)… Using top-down solution processes,one pot synthesis of silicon nanoparticule and silicon sheets in gram-scale quantities by Redox-Assisted Chemical Exfoliation (RACE) of calcium disilicide (CaSi2) from materials including a 2D sheet structure as a fundamental unit was reported. Among many Zintlsilicides, only calcium disilicide (CaSi2) has a structure that includes 2D silicon puckered sheets in which the Si6 rings are interconnected. The puckered (Si‒)npolyanion layers are separated from each other by planar monolayers of Ca2+. All the prepared nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction measurements (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electronmicroscopy (SEM) and Nitrogen adsorption (BET).


The understanding and quantitative assessment of air flow fields and local micron-particle wall concentrations in tracheobronchial airways are very important for estimating the health risks of inhaled particulate pollutants, developing algebraic transfer functions of global lung deposition models used in dose-response analyses, and/or determining proper drug-aerosol delivery to target sites in the lung. In this paper (Part 1) the theory, model geometries, and air flow results are provided. In a companion paper (Part 2, Comer et al. 2001), the history of particle deposition patterns and comparisons with measured data sets are reported. Decoupling of the naturally dilute particle suspension makes it feasible to present the results in two parts. Considering a Reynolds number range of 500 [les ] ReD [les ] 2000, it is assumed that the air flow is steady, incompressible and laminar and that the tubular double bifurcations, i.e. Weibel's generations G3–G5, are three-dimensional, rigid, and smooth with rounded as well as sharp carinal ridges for symmetric planar, and just rounded carinas for 90° non-planar configurations. The employed finite-volume code CFX (AEA Technology) and its user-enhanced FORTRAN programs were validated with experimental velocity data points for a single bifurcation. The resulting air flow structures are analysed for relatively low (ReD = 500) and high (ReD = 2000) Reynolds numbers. Sequential pressure drops due to viscous effects were calculated and compared, extending a method proposed by Pedley et al. (1977). Such detailed results for bifurcating lung airways are most useful in the development of global algebraic lung models.


This thesis aims to reveal how the 2018 Ministry of Religion Al-Quran Translation and Ideological Implications: Analysis of the verses of Jihad. This study uses library research research methods. In its operation, this research is more on the study and assessment of the 2018 Ministry of Religion Al-Quran translation and Ideological Implications. This study aims to describe the implications of ideology.The research method of library research is to examine books related to existing problems and related to the problems discussed in this thesis. This study aims to describe the ideological implications that occurred in Indonesia before and after the publication of the 2018 Ministry of Religion's translation of the Al-Quran. And the typology of radical jihad is also different which has an excessive understanding of the meaning of jihad only as a form of war. This is, of course, different from the liberal typology of reducing the means that are not used as a tool of war should not be destroyed. Acts of terrorism in Indonesian society in the year prior to 2018 were very widespread because preventing acts of terrorism were dominantly only carried out by the government after 2018 until now the community's contribution was felt especially for the role of religious leaders who contributed to preventing acts of terrorism through the translation guidelines. The 2018 Al-Qur'an by the Ministry of Religion became one of the aspects that took part in overcoming all forms of acts of radicalism and terrorism after the government involved all elements of society and coincided with the publication of the 2018 edition of the Ministry of Religion's translation of the Qur'an.


Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome, has been considered the most common liver disease nowadays. The aim of this study is to evaluate the potential therapeutic effect of pomegranate peel extract on the experimental rat model of non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD) and to explore the role of mir-33a and mir-34a as the molecular targets for these therapeutic effects.Fifty male albino Wistarrats were used in the present study. The NAFLD was induces in rats using high fat diet (HFD). The pomegranate peel extract (PPE) was used in different doses (50,100 and 150) for 30 days.The present study documents the ameliorating effects of PPE on hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, lipid profile and liver functions in NAFL rats in a dose-dependent manner compared to untreated rats.The ameliorating effects on the metabolic parameter are associated with significant correction in the hepatic expression of MiR-33a and MiR-34ain a dose-dependent manner. From the present study we can concluded that the PPE have efficient anti-steatotic effect which may be mediated through modulation of MiR-33a and MiR-34.


. While it has performed well in predicting terrestrial evapotranspiration (ET a ) in many gauged locations over the world, the calibration-free complementary relationship (CR) depends on a questionable assumption that the Priestley-Taylor 10 coefficient (α e ) is spatially constant over an extensive area. In this work, we evaluated the predictive performance of this convenient method, which only requires atmospheric inputs, against in-situ flux observations and water balance estimates (ET wb ) in Australia. We found that the CR method with a spatially constant α e derived from fractional wet areas did not perform as highly as previous studies would suggest, underperforming three advanced ET a models in closing basin-scale water balance. This problem was remedied by linking the CR method with a traditional Budyko equation that allowed 15 upscaling of optimal α e values from gauged basins to ungauged locations. The CR method with the α e upscaled by the atmospheric inputs and the mean precipitation (P) better reproduced the grid ET wb available over the entire continent, and outperformed the three ET a models. This study suggests that the fixed α e could lead the CR method to biased ET a estimates, and it needs to be constrained by climate conditions to better close local water budgets.


This article focuses on efficient steady-state computations of induction machines. In particular, the periodic Parareal algorithm with the initial-value coarse problem (PP-IC) is considered for acceleration of classical time-stepping simulations via non-intrusive parallelization in the time domain, i.e., existing implementations can be reused. Superiority of this parallel-in-time method is in its direct applicability to time-periodic problems, compared to, e.g., the standard Parareal method, which only solves an initial-value problem, starting from a prescribed initial value. PP-IC is exploited here to obtain the steady state of several operating points of an asynchronous (induction) motor used in an electric vehicle drive. Numerical experiments show that acceleration up to several dozens of times can be obtained, depending on availability of parallel processing units. The comparison of PP-IC with the existing time-periodic explicit error correction method highlights better robustness and efficiency of the considered time-parallel approach.


Alford, William P. A Second Great Wall? China's Post-Cultural Revolution Project of Legal Construction. 2, 193–213. Cai, Dingjian, Development of the Chinese Legal System since 1979 and its Current Crisis and Transformation. 2, 135–166. Dilley, Roy, Ways of Knowing, Forms of Power. 1, 33–55. Dowdle, Michael W., Heretical Laments: China and the Fallacies of 'Rule of Law'. 3, 287–314. Fleischacker, Samuel, From Cultural Diversity to Universal Ethics: Three Models. 1, 105–128. Hintzen, Geor, The Place of Law in the PRC's Culture. 2, 167–192. Liang Zhiping, Tradition and Change: Law and Order in a Pluralist Landscape. 2, 215–236. Peerenboom, Randall, Ruling the Country in Accordance with Law: Reflections on the Rule and Role of Law in Contemporary China. 3, 315–351. Ratner, Carl, Three Approaches to Cultural Psychology: A Critique. 1, 7–31. Shankar, Guha, 'Where the Present is Haunted by the Past': Disarticulating Colonialism's Legacy in the Caribbean. 1, 57–87. Turner, Karen, The Criminal Body and the Body Politic: Punishments in Early Imperial China. 2, 237–254. Vicas, Astrid, Action Revisited. 3, 259–284. Wijnberg, Nachoem M., Human Bodies in Chinese and European Painting: An Economic Analysis. 1, 89–103.


The experiment NA48/2 at CERN SPS performed high precision measurement of the form factors of K± → π+π−e±ν decays and s-wave ππ scattering lengths a0 and a2 for isospin 0 and 2, respectively. The preliminary result on the full available statistics of more than 1 million K+− e4 decays achieves a precision similar to the theoretical one and provides excellent test of Chiral Perturbation Theory.


This article focuses on class blogs and presents results from 1:1 schools in Sweden. While Swedish schools are increasingly using Web 2.0 technologies (e.g., wikis and blogs), most of this use is still at an experimental stage. To further the understanding of how blogs are and can be used, we compare class blogs used in practice with the fast-growing literature in the field. Previous work suggests eight uses: collaboration, making assignments, journal writing, instruction, posting supplemental material, community building, external readers, and prompting. In practice, we found blogs to be used in a fairly narrow way—mainly for instruction and posting supplemental material. We hope that this article will inspire teachers to further their blog use.


Intellectualized switchgear is a new generation switchgears,which syncretizes microcomputer technology , digital processing technology,and communication technology.In this paper,a design project and the implement methods for the intellectualized release of low voltage circuit breaker are introduced.This kind of intellectualized release have some functions,such as measurement,protection,communication and on-line monitoring for the status of circuit breaker.The principle of its hardware system and the detailed circuits are explained,and the design points of software are offered.


Objective: To research expression of typeⅠ, Ⅲ collagen in left ventricle myocardium of spontaneously hypertensive rats and inhibiting effect of imidapril and irbesartan on them. Methods: Thirty 13-week old spontaneously hypertension rats were randomly divided into three groups: SHR positive control group, imidapril treating group [3 mg/(kg·d)], irbesartan treating group [50 mg/(kg·d)]. Ten homogenous Wistar-Kyoto rats were selected as normal control group. Monitoring blood pressure of rats periodically; After 14 weeks, we measured left ventricle weight (LVW) and thickness, then computed LVW/BW and left ventricle thickness/BW; Specimen of left ventricle was tredted was for immunohistochemical study. Results: Blood pressure and LVW/BW, left ventricle thickness/BW of imidapril group and irbesartan group were lower than those of SHR group. TypeⅠ , Ⅲ collagen expression of left ventricle myocardium in SHR group were highest among four groups, those in WKY group were lowest. TypeⅠ, Ⅲ collagen expression in imidapril group were lower than those in irbesartan group. Conclusion: Not only imidapril and irbesartan could control blood pressure but also both of them might inhibit myocardium fibrosis and reverse left ventricle hypertrophy; Imidapril is better than irbesartan in inhibiting myocardium fibrosis.


The kinetics of the copolymerization of sulphur dioxide with cis-2-butene and trans-2-butene have been investigated dilatometrically. Both reactions show the 'ceiling temperature' effect, and from the variation of the reaction rate with temperature and composition of the reaction mixture, the changes in entropy and heat content accompanying the reaction have been determined. The heat content changes have also been measured by adiabatic calorimetry. The thermodynamic quantities obtained for the reaction (2-C4Hs+SO2)hq.mixt. → 1/n (—C4H8SO2—) (solution in monomer mixture) cis system: ∆H = – 19·3 ± 0·3 kcal mole–1 ∆S0 = – 66·3 ± 0·9 cal mole–1 deg. C–1, trans system: ∆H = – 20·1 ± 0·1 kcal mole–1 ∆S0 = – 71·6 ± 0·3 cal mole–1 deg. C–1, the standard state for ∆S0 being 1 mole 1.–1 for each reactant. In calculating the values from the kinetic data allowance has been made for the concurrent cis-trans isomerization reaction described in part IV. The values of ∆H, together with the known differences in heat content of the cis- and trans-2-butene when dissolved in liquid sulphur dioxide (see part IV), indicate that the heat content of a monomeric segment of the dissolved polymer formed from cis-2-butene exceeds the heat content of a segment of the dissolved polymer derived from trans- 2-butene by 2·33 ± 0·6 kcal mole–1. Possible stereoisomerism of the polymer chains which might account for the discrepancy is discussed.


We report on isotherm (T = 77.5 K) dc magnetization hysteresis loops of a series of YBa2-xSrxCu3O7-δ (x = 0, 0.02, 0.1, 0.25, and 0.37) single crystals with the purpose of studying the influence of chemically introduced site disorder on the YBa2Cu3O7-δ critical current density Jc(B, T) and normalized pinning force density f(h). The Sr ion chemical disorder is inserted at YBa2Cu3O7-δ structure by lattice distortion. Transmission electronic microscopy of the doped samples shows a structure constituted by a high density of twins, which is, probably, decorated by many small precipitates. The Jc(B, T) transported by the doped samples with x ≤ 0.10 is higher than that transported by the YBa2Cu3O7-δ pure sample. In contrast, the Jc(B, T) transported by the doped samples with x > 0.10 is significant and systematically lower than that transported by the undoped sample. The analysis of the f(h) plots indicates, in the light of the Dew-Hughes model, that the preponderant pinning mechanism of YBa2-xSrxCu3O7-δ single crystals with x≤0.10 is the core normal point type. However, to the samples with x > 0.10, the f(h) analyses indicate that the preponderant pinning mechanism undergoes a crossover from the core normal point type to the core normal surface type. This crossover of pinning mechanism dynamics could be appointed as the possible reason of the decrease of the Jc(B, T) observed in the samples with x > 0.10.


This paper presents a system for calibrating the extrinsic parameters and timing offsets of an array of cameras, 3-D lidars, and global positioning system/inertial navigation system sensors, without the requirement of any markers or other calibration aids. The aim of the approach is to achieve calibration accuracies comparable with state-of-the-art methods, while requiring less initial information about the system being calibrated and thus being more suitable for use by end users. The method operates by utilizing the motion of the system being calibrated. By estimating the motion each individual sensor observes, an estimate of the extrinsic calibration of the sensors is obtained. Our approach extends standard techniques for motion-based calibration by incorporating estimates of the accuracy of each sensor's readings. This yields a probabilistic approach that calibrates all sensors simultaneously and facilitates the estimation of the uncertainty in the final calibration. In addition, we combine this motion-based approach with appearance information. This gives an approach that requires no initial calibration estimate and takes advantage of all available alignment information to provide an accurate and robust calibration for the system. The new framework is validated with datasets collected with different platforms and different sensors' configurations, and compared with state-of-the-art approaches.


This review article introduces the concepts, server architecture and application scenarios of Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) and Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). By differentiating between rechargeable and non-rechargeable systems, it presents the research status of task offloading in WSN in an edge computing environment. Various strategies are analyzed and compared in terms of their characteristics and application domains. The existing methods can reduce offloading latency and energy consumption, but still face some issues. Based on this, the research hotspots of edge computing task offloading for WSN are summarized, and its research and development trends are pointed out.


For object recognition based on nearest neighbor search of local descriptors such as SIFT, it is important to make the nearest neighbor search efficient to deal with a huge number of descriptors. In this report we propose a new method of efficient recognition based on the observation that the level of accuracy of nearest neighbor search for correct recognition depends on images to be recognized. The proposed method is characterized by the mechanism that multiple recognizers with approximate nearest neighbor search are cascaded in the order of the level of approximation so as to improve the efficiency by adaptively controlling the level to be applied depending on images. From experimental results for a database of 10,000 images, we have confirmed that the proposed method is capable of achieving a recognition rate of 98% in 1 ms / query, which is about 1/5 of the recognition time without the cascade, and 1/40 of the recognition time with conventional methods of approximate nearest neighbor search such as ANN and LSH. In addition, a recognition error rate of the proposed method has been suppressed to 0.25% by allowing a rejection rate of 12.2%.


Species abundance, species richness, and ground cover were measured over 10 years on nine paired grazed and exclosure plots in short-tussock grassland in the early stages of invasion by Hieracium species. With and without grazing, H. pilosella and H. caespitosum increased markedly and H. lepidulum increased locally. In contrast, 50% of all other common species and species groups, and total, native, and exotic species richness declined significantly. Exclusion increased or had no effect on rates of increase in Hieracium species and rates of decline in short tussocks, and did not reduce rates of decline in other species. Exclusion had no effect on decline in native species richness, but mainly accelerated declines in total and exotic richness. Declines in 13 key vegetation variables were significantly predicted by increase in Hieracium abundance, suggesting competitive exclusion. With or without grazing, Hieracium species will become more dominant and other species will continue to decline. The effects of large herbivores on plant species diversity can often be predicted from site productivity. Our results indicate the need also to account for species origin, spatial scale, time, and exotic invasion. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


During the 165 days of observation carried tion is characterized by palm swamp forests, out from September 2000 to June 2001 on the avifauna of the peninsula Punta de Manabique (hereafter Manabique), Izabal, Guatemala, a total of 314 bird species were recorded (Eisermann in prep.), with three of these species being considered new records for Guatemala: the White-crowned Pigeon (Columba leucocephala), the Rufous-necked Wood-Rail (Aramides axillaris), and the Snowy Cotinga (Carpodectes nitidus). These species were not previously reported for the country in Howell & Webb (1995), nor in the updated database of the checklist of birds in Guatemala (I. Arias, Fundaeco, pers. com.). Manabique is a marine-terrestrial protected area situated on the Atlantic coast of Guatemala (15o50'N 88o30'W). The terrestrial sec______________ Current address: P.O. Box 098 Periférico, Guatemala Ciudad, Guatemala, Centro América. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com coastal brush, mangrove and a mosaic of forest fragments and agricultural land. The White-crowned Pigeon was observed various times in Manabique from October to April: 1 immature (13 October 2000), 1 adult (27 January 2001), 1 adult (28 February 2001), 1 adult (13 March 2001), 2 adults (30 March 2001), and 1 adult (10 April 2001). The pigeons were observed feeding in coastal coco-plum shrub (Crysobalanus icaco), in mangrove forest (Rhyzophora mangle) along the shoreline of estuaries, and in secondary grow shrub. Reproductive behavior has not been observed. The nearest area where reproductive populations are known to exist are the Belize Cays at a distance of 80 km, and the Caribbean islands of Honduras (Howell & Webb 1995), at an approximate distance of 170 km. Howell & Webb (1995) mention population movements of this species from the nesting grounds on the islands to the


Active magnetic bearing (AMB) with power electronics drive is an important technology for high-speed rotational machinery suspension. There were seldom literatures concerning the common mode (CM) electromagnetic interference (EMI) problems of the AMB system. In this article, we found that the power electronic converter used for AMB control will not only bring EMI to the devices but also influence the performance of the levitation control. To cope with this problem, the parasitic paths of the leakage currents in the five-degrees-of-freedom AMB system were analyzed. The control principle and the novel zero CM PWM (ZCMPWM) strategy for the AMB driven by a four-leg converter were presented to suppress the CM EMI. Experiment has been done on an AMB-based compressor. The proposed method can significantly reduce the CM EMI caused by the AMB controller and improve the performance of levitation.


In order to response to the demand for skilled talents of economic and social development and eliminate the diploma obstacle in talent flow,it is necessary to set independent vocational diploma.The vocational diploma can be divided into two levels of associate bachelor and bachelor,and prepare the development space for master and doctor diploma.Meanwhile,making strict awarding standard and procedure and building scientific evaluation system to enhance the talent cultivation quality and development level of higher vocational education.


For time-ordered functional data, an important yet challenging task is to forecast functional observations with uncertainty quantification. Scalar predictors are often observed concurrently with functional data and provide valuable information about the dynamics of the functional time series. We develop a fully Bayesian framework for dynamic functional regression, which employs scalar predictors to model the time-evolution of functional data. Functional within-curve dependence is modeled using unknown basis functions, which are learned from the data. The unknown basis provides substantial dimension reduction, which is essential for scalable computing, and may incorporate prior knowledge such as smoothness or periodicity. The dynamics of the time-ordered functional data are specified using a time-varying parameter regression model in which the effects of the scalar predictors evolve over time. To guard against overfitting, we design shrinkage priors that regularize irrelevant predictors and shrink toward timeinvariance. Simulation studies decisively confirm the utility of these modeling and prior choices. Posterior inference is available via a customized Gibbs sampler, which offers unrivaled scalability for Bayesian dynamic functional regression. The methodology is applied to model and forecast yield curves using macroeconomic predictors, and demonstrates exceptional forecasting accuracy and uncertainty quantification over the span of four decades.


The Oregon State TRIGA reactor (OSTR) power capability was upgraded from 250 KW to 1 MW in 1969; however, funds were not available for simultaneous upgrading of the cooling system. Since then, the OSTR has been selectively operating at full power with the original 250 KW cooling system. After funds were made available in 1971 the construction on the new heat exchanger building began. The new cooling system was installed, equipment was checked out, corrections were made, and acceptance tests were run. In addition, several days were required to clean up the primary system water, since increased water flow (350 gpm) swirled 4 year's collection of sediment off the reactor tank bottom and into the primary system. Three interesting items have been noticed, which are apparently a result of the cooling system upgrading: (1) the radiation levels above the reactor tank have been reduced by a factor of 2 to 3, (2) a low resonance vibration in the reactor core occurs at 1 MW. The vibration is attributed to a combination of increased water turbulence and subcooled (surface) nucleate boiling, and (3) direct radiation levels from the demineralizer tank have increased approximately 8-fold. This resulted in a relocation of themore » tank and the use of supplemental shielding. Increased operating time at higher average power levels, plus disturbance of; sediment on the bottom of the reactor tank are believed to be the main sources of the higher radiation levels.« less


In the crystal structure of the title molecular salt, 3C2H5N4 +·HPO4 2−·H2PO4 −·3H2O, the phosphate-based framework is built upon layers parallel to (010) made up from the H2PO4 − and HPO4 2− anions and water molecules, which are interconnected through O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. The organic cations are located between the phosphate–water layers and are connected to them via N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. The bond-length features are consistent with an imino resonance form for the exocyclic amino group, as is commonly found for a C—N single bond involving sp 2-hybridized C and N atoms.


Abstract: Security is one of the major challenges faced by individuals, organizations, and the world at large. The evolution of technology assists in solving this menace of insecurity and with the continuous growth in technology; several techniques have been used in tackling this problem of insecurity, starting from traditional systems like the door locks with handles to automated doors. In recent times, most of these doors lock security systems are based on microcontrollers, GSM, GPS, sensors, biometrics like eye scanner, fingerprint, face recognition, password, etc., and each of these techniques has its advantages and disadvantages. The developed system involves the design of a prototype door access control system that will control the access of personnel to a location/office using voice recognition and Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) authentication techniques. The system at first detects the movement of a person and prompts the person for verification. If verified either by voice or by RFID, the door automatically opens and closes after 5 seconds. The aim of this developed system is to restrict the access of an office/location using Radio Frequency Identification and voice recognition authentication, thus offering security to the lives and properties of people. Keywords: Biometrics, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), LCD, Arduino, GPS, GSM