The fundamental function of the knitted fur fabrics, which are commonly used to manufacture the clothes and shoes, is to protect the human body against heat loss in low environmental temperature. Thus, the heat-insulating properties of fur fabrics are the basic criterion for their functional characteristics.The aim of this work is to determine the heat transfer model, which can be applied to design the knitted fur fabrics of the required thermophysical properties. The mathematical model of heat transport within knitted fur fabrics allows to obtain the temperature distribution in the structure and can be a starting point to optimize the structural shape in respect of the requested properties. The available literature does not introduce the heat transport problems in the knitted fur fabrics. A few works describe in general form some parameters of the structure whereas the corresponding standards are inaccessible.To explain the nature of heat transfer inside the knitted fur fabrics, the dissertation describes the basic phenomena of heat transfer. The heat conduction is defined more precisely as the dominant heat transport mechanism in textiles. The material properties influencing the heat flux density transferred in textile product are also described. The particular cases of heat conduction mechanisms in the single layer and the multi-layer structure have been analysed and next applied to determine the heat transfer in the homogenized fur fabric. The solution methodology of simple and complex heat transfer problems has been explained.The literature pertaining to the measurements of heat isolation in textiles hasbeen reviewed in respect of the measurement methods, character of processes, measured parameters and field of their application vs. both structure of examined material as well as the layers arrangement. Assuming the complex structure of knitted fur fabrics (i.e. the multilayer arrangement, participation of glue in bottom layer, air inside the void spaces under inclined fibers), we have rejected the measurements methods influencing the material structure during the test. Heat transport within knitted fur fabrics is described by means of the heat conduction coefficient tested in steady conditions. The measured conduction coefficient is often of substitute nature and can additionally include the convective and radiative heat transport. The thermal properties of knitted fur fabrics are determined by means of the test device Tilmet 75.The preliminary investigations were conducted using the device Tilmet 75 for different knitted fabrics made of homogenous materials with the diversified thickness and surface mass. The fur fabrics were characterized using the same standard indexes which are tested for the knitted fabrics i.e. the thickness and surface mass. There are tested the heat conduction and heat permeability as well as determined the structure of knitted fabrics samples vs. the characteristics of thermal properties. The empirically determined heat conduction coefficient and heat resistances vs. basic structural parameters do not describe the influence of raw material in the knitted fur fabrics on the material heat characteristics. Both growing surface mass and growing fabric thickness does not determine unequivocally the gradation of these features in respect of thermal properties. According to the preliminary test results, it is necessary to change the factors determining the complex knitted fur fabrics in respect of the structure and raw material composition.The description of the knitted fur fabric can cause difficulties in heat transport correlations. Parameters of fur fabrics of the complex, space and multilayer structure are hard to determine and investigate using the standard test methods. The structure consists of the bottom layer and the fleece layer which are made of different raw materials: the yarn, band and glue as well as considerable volume fraction of air inside. Thus, the description of physical model is troublesome. Let us introduce the following assumptions concerning the fur fabric: (i) the same height of fleece layer; (ii) the uniform distribution of fibres density in cover layer; (iii) the uniform distribution of yarn, fibres and air in bottom layer; (iv) the void spaces between the yarn in bottom layer are filled by both air and glue; (v) the glue does not penetrate the cover layer. Under the above assumptions, the space 3D description can be simplified to the plane 2D problem introducing the homogenized particular layer of fabric. The structure is defined by the volume fraction and heat conduction coefficient of each layer. The heat conduction coefficient is determined using the rule of mixture which limits the domain of study of corresponding parameters to the volume fractions of particular component in every layer.The principal investigations were conducted for the knitted fur fabrics of the diversified both length of fleece and basis weight, subjected to the different finishing processes. The test methods applicable for the different textile materials were analysed in respect of the measurement characteristics i.e. applicable for thickness, density, mass related to materials / textile products and their particular layers. The complex structure of knitted fur fabrics can be characterized by the innovative, non-standard test methods as well as the standard methods, which are not usually applied for those materials. The thickness of knitted fur fabric tested for the various pressures strongly depends on the load applied.The presented model of heat transfer description is practically motivated for the knitted fur fabric. The adopted method can avoid the large number of tests of required parameters and restricts the analysis to the following cases: the volume fraction of particular component within each layer and thickness fraction of particular layer to the complete thickness of product. The commonly available test equipment is used during the tests. Additionally, the experiments are simulated which substitute the manufactured knitted fur fabric. This method allows to model optionally the boundary and initial conditions which is not always applicable for empirical methods due to equipment limitations.Design of knitted fur fabric of the requested thermal isolation level, based on the model presented in this work, can help to create the real material of the prescribed heat-insulating properties. The next stage of the current investigations can be focused on determination of indexes characterizing the knitted fur fabrics in presented model vs. technological parameters necessary to manufacture the designed product.


The scanning electron microscope (SEM) is one of the most versatile instruments available for the examination and analysis of the microstructure morphology and chemical composition characterizations. It is necessary to know the basic principles of light optics in order to understand the fundamentals of electron microscopy. The unaided eye can discriminate objects subtending about 1/60 ̊ visual angle, corresponding to a resolution of ~0.1 mm (at the optimum viewing distance of 25 cm). Optical microscopy has the limit of resolution of ~2,000 Å by enlarging the visual angle through optical lens. Light microscopy has been, and continues to be, of great importance to scientific research. Since the discovery that electrons can be deflected by the magnetic field in numerous experiments in the 1890s [1], electron microscopy has been developed by replacing the light source with highenergy electron beam. In this section, we will, for a split second, go over the theoretical basics of scanning electron microscopy including the resolution limitation, electron beam interactions with specimens, and signal generation.


Sulfides in sediments and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) intrusion in plant tissues were investigated for six species of seagrass in Shark Bay, Western Australia, at two sites with elevated salinities of 42 and 45 psu. H2S intrusion ranged from <20% to 100% in roots and rhizomes, indicating a high degree of sulfide intrusion in some cases, although this did not vary consistently between larger, long-lived species and smaller, less persistent species. There were significant differences in accumulation of total sulfur (TS) among species. Anatomy of rhizomes and roots showed species-specific differences in aerenchyma, the air channels that allow oxygen to diffuse down to the roots and sediments, and tissues with thickened cell walls that could present a barrier to diffusion of H2S, suggesting that morphology may influence sulfide intrusion and sulfur accumulation. Sulfide concentrations in seagrass sediments were far lower in Shark Bay than in Florida Bay, a subtropical embayment where sulfide toxicity has been implicated in seagrass dieback. Despite significant H2S intrusion into tissues of some Shark Bay seagrasses, there was no evidence of any deleterious effects in the current conditions.


[Objective] To investigate the basic situation of radio operator's consciousness of X-ray radioactive protection against the patients and companions in the Tangshan City. [Methods] The self designed "situation questionnaire of radio operators radioactive protection and consciousness to patients and companions" was used to carry out the investigation according to relevant laws and regulations and national standard on radiation health. There were altogether 213 radiation related working units and 914 radio operators in Tangshan City. [Results] The overall situation of consciousness of X-ray radioactive protection to the patients and companions was at a low level in Tangshan city. A part of radio operators often consulted with the clinical doctors accounted for 35.5%, opposed to repeat the inspection staff accounted for 57.3%; personnel taking measures to reduce ex- posure to non-sensitive organ of the staff accounted for 61.8%; protection for companions accounted for 65.5%. The differences in educational level and hospital grades and whether the consultation was carried out before X-ray examination was statistically significant. [Conclusion] The overall situation of consciousness of X-ray radioactive protection to the patients and companions is at a low level in Tangshan city.


This chapter proposes that Kushite foreign policy was motivated primarily by commercial interest in prestige goods that were obtained as tribute from Levantine client states, particularly "Asiatic copper", and cedar, whose import served to bolster the 25th Dynasty's standing in the fragmented political landscape of Egypt. It analyses that this policy originated as an extension of the 25th Dynasty's strategies of rule in northeast Africa and was most likely reinforced by their evolving awareness of the Assyrian threat abroad. At the level of historiography, what the interpretation of Kushite foreign policy illustrates most clearly are the methodological limits of l'histoire evenementielle , not the unique validity of a single historical theory. The historian attempting to explain Kushite inaction, extradition, coalition, and intervention is best served by a synthesis of short- and long-term perspectives, one that places events and individual agency against a backdrop of continuity and tradition. Keywords: Assyrian threat; Kushite foreign policy; l'histoire evenementielle ; Levantine client states


Satellite imagery of weather was a major breakthrough in the technology of synoptic weather forecasts. Historically, the Earth's climate has experienced dramatic changes, and re- searchers have found that long-term weather patterns do exist. Such long-term changes in weather patterns have very small variations in total atmospheric variables and cannot be observed directly. Complicated space-time detection of low energy signals is required and can be done only by compu- tationally processing space-time data. In this paper, new statistical methods for processing such data are discussed and applied so as to create images of long-term changes in climate over space. Using the historical Central England temperature (CET) time series, we clearly identified temporal scales of 2 to 5 yr and longer than 13 yr. Using monthly global temperature records obtained from the National Climatic Data Center's Global Historical Climatology Network, a long-term average temperature profile along latitude was identified. Global maps of trends of deviations from the average tempera- ture profile display slowly increasing temperatures over a major part of the world. Maps of 2 to 5 yr scales display deviations similar to those observed during an El Nino event and provide the opportu- nity for explanation and prediction of weather anomalies in different regions of the world. In this paper, we utilize recent achievements in the technology of processing 3-dimensional data, i.e. in the separation of scales greater than 1 yr in monthly global temperature records. The Kolmogorov- Zurbenko spline filter allows for direct selection of scales in time and space to obtain a smooth out- come without the application of any models.


Summary

To evaluate waveform responses to morphological variations of the subducted lithospheric slab, scalar waveform solutions are computed for 2-D slab models perpendicular to the arc. The dependence of the waveforms on the background 1-D velocity model and on the wavelet frequency is analysed. The waveform variation due to the background velocity model is characterized by gradual changes in amplitude and traveltime over the take-off angle; such variation can be distinguished from the slab-generated waveform anomaly, which is restricted to a narrow take-off angle range and often severely alters the wavelet frequency. Therefore, much information can be gained through the waveform modelling of slabs in a homogeneous background velocity model. The characteristics of the waveform anomaly, such as slab-diffracted waveform broadening, depend on the ratio between the wavelength of the main source wavelet and the thickness of the slab. The slab-diffracted broadening, which has low-frequency characteristics, may be described more accurately as a wavelet broadening rather than a pulse-width broadening. When the wavelength is shorter than about one-half of the slab's thickness, a restoration of normal amplitude that is accompanied by waveform distortion is observed for waves propagating parallel and down-dip to the slab. Considerable waveform variations in arrival time, amplitude and wavelet-width exist among different morphological models of the slab, and may provide some useful guidance in inferring the real slab morphology from waveform data.


PURPOSE: An LCD(Liquid Crystal Display) device and a method for fabricating a light guide plate are provided to reduce power consumption by excluding the power for creating unnecessary light. CONSTITUTION: A liquid crystal panel(20) includes plural display regions, and a backlight comprises plural light emission regions, and is arranged below the LCD panel. The backlight includes an LGP(Light Guide Plate)(100) arranged in at least two regions and a driving unit. The driving unit adjusts the strength of the light emitted from the each light emitting region. The light source is arranged at a groove formed at the lower portion of the LGP and emits the light toward an inner plane of the groove.


In engineering practice, fault detection, with the fundamental characteristics of randomness, uncertainty, and great damage, has attracted much attention from academia. The chief aim of this paper is to research the problem of flush air data sensing (FADS) system, an advances airborne sensor, with Atanassov's interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets (AIVIFSs), belief rule base (BRB) and evidential reasoning (ER). First of all, this paper proposes some relevant concepts and similarity calculation operators between AIVIFSs, meanwhile, extracts a new similarity calculation approach based on previous researches. Then, a new score function that is applied to quantify the information contained in AIVIFSs is presented with the idea of p-norm, which is defined on the basis of the information measure from the reference level, regarding the positive and negative information depicted in terms of the AIVIFSs. Next, AIVIFSs and BRB that are characteristic of describing the randomness and uncertainty are combined to set up the fault detection model with ER. Finally, the algorithm process is presented and the proposed model is applied to the fault detection of FADS for the first time to confirm the validity and feasibility.


Excerpt We present an unusual case of lithium toxicity characterized by recurrently elevated serum lithium levels despite adequate hemodialysis. Case Report A 47-year-old woman presented in an unre...


This paper describes how we should design the learning system for autonomous robots. Autonomous robots have to produce their knowledge for themselves. We propose a learning system that can make it possible for autonomous robots to produce symbols, which indicate some special meaning for them and are acquired through the interaction both with the external and the internal.


Field experiments were carried out during the dry seasons in (2012-2013 and 2013-2014) to study the impact of Integrated Nutrient Management on some soil properties and nutrients uptake by red onion (Allium cepa L.) in Moda, Michika, Adamawa state, Nigeria. Soil samples were randomly collected and analysed for pH, EC, organic carbon, organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus before and at the completion of the experiment. Total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents of the onion bulbs were determined. There was an improvement in the fertility status of the soil as a consequence of integrated nutrient management. Combined organic and inorganic fertilizer application influenced the uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium by red onion. The highest nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium uptake by onions of 0.76, 43.82 and 2.42kgha-1 occurred when all treatments were combined. Uptake of N and K increased as treatment level increased. The P uptake was highest at lower treatment levels and could be linked to sufficiency of indigenous soil P for plant growth resulting in high P uptake with minimal addition of nutrient inputs. Integrated Nutrient Management could be adopted to improve soil fertility status and N, P and K uptake by red onions.


SUMMARY: Heteranthera limosa (Sw.) Willd. is reported for the first time in the Valencia province close to rice fields in places where Valencia hispanica (Valenciennes, 1846) –samaruc– has been re-introduced. Some characteristics are commented, and keys for determining the genera and species of the naturalized Pontederiaceae in the Iberian eastern are also included.


In this paper,some kinds of many-valued orders are studied and their application in topology is investigated.In precisely,for an arbitrary complete residuated lattice(Ω,*,1) ,the Ω-filter Monad(FΩ,η,μ) is constructed from the view-point of many-valued order and then the negighborhood system of strong Ω-topology is presented.This shows the closed interrelationship between topologcial sturcutre,ordered structure and category.


Following India's liberalization in early nineties its trade with Sri Lanka grew by 10 per cent per annum during 1993–99. This figure jumped to 47 per cent between 2001 and 2008 following the implementation of the Free Trade Agreement (FTA) between the countries. Given the growing importance of this bilateral trade, the present paper attempts to study the factor content of India-Sri Lanka bilateral trade.


Disclosed is a therapeutic or prophylactic agent for a functional bowel disorder, which is useful for the treatment or prevention of a functional bowel disorder (particularly, irritable bowel syndrome) and comprises a morphinan derivative having a nitrogenated cyclic substituent or a pharmacologically acceptable acid addition salt thereof as an active ingredient. The therapeutic or prophylactic agent comprises a morphinan derivative having a specified structure (e.g., N-(17-cyclopropylmethyl-4,5alpha-epoxy-3,14-dihydroxy-morphinan-6beta-yl)-3,4,5,6-tetrahydrophthalimide tartarate (compound 10)) or a pharmacologically acceptable acid addition salt thereof as an active ingredient. [Chemical structure] . tartarate (10)


Objective To observe the effect of immuno suppressive agents in liver transplantation recipients with acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS).Methods Seventeen ARDS patients that received immunosuppressive agents were admitted to this study.The plasma concentration of immunosuppressive agent,PaO 2/FiO 2,blood T cells,mortality were analyzed.Results ARDS patients had lower concentration of immunosuppressive agent.With high doses of corticosteroid and/or OKT3, PaO/FiO 2 could be improved,but there was no difference in mortality.Conclusion Immunosuppressive agents can efficiently decrease cytokines and cut down pulmonary damage,but the key way to decrease mortality of ARDS is preventing excessive immunodeficiency and infections. [


MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) serve important roles in regulating inflammatory responses at the post-transcriptional level. In the present study, the limma package was used to analyze the GSE43300 array dataset downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. It was identified that several miRNAs, including miR-494-3p, were upregulated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated RAW264.7 macrophages compared to control cells. Transfection experiments indicated that overexpressing miR-494-3p inhibited production of LPS-induced proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α. Conversely, knockdown of miR-494-3p enhanced cytokine expression. Bioinformatics prediction and luciferase assay both revealed that miR-494-3p could directly target phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and upregulate protein kinase B activity. In addition, miR-494-3p mimics suppressed p65 translocation to the nucleus. Similar effects were observed following PTEN silencing. In conclusion, the results of the present study revealed that miR-494-3p may act as an important immune regulator in LPS-stimulated macrophages, and be an effective therapeutic target for treating infections in the future.


A new conjugated ionic polyacetylene with bulky tetraphenylborate as counter ion was prepared by the ion-exchange reaction of poly(N-benzoyl-2-ethynylpyridium chloride) using sodium tetraphenylborate. Poly(N-benzoyl-2-ethynylpyridium chloride) was prepared in high yield by the activated polymerization of 2-ethynylpyridine with benzoyl chloride without any additional initiator or catalyst. Such instrumental methods as NMR, IR, and UV-visible spectroscopies revealed that the present polymer has a conjugated polymer backbone system having N-benzoylpyridinium tetraphenylborate as substituents. This polymer showed characteristic wide UV-visible absorption band and green PL maximum value at 620 nm, which is corresponding photon energy of 2.00 eV. The oxidation of polymer was slightly started at 0.05 V, where the vinylene unit of the conjugated polymer backbone could be oxidized in the scan and the redox process was irreversible. The kinetics of the redox process of polymer was controlled by the diffusion process.


The synthesis of enol acetates and enol carbamates is described. These compounds were subjected to asymmetric hydrogenation using a cationic rhodium(I) complex [RhL2(COD)]BF4 with chiral phosphoramidites and a secondary phosphine oxide acting as ligands. The products were obtained with various degrees of enantioselectivity ranging from 2% up to 70 % e.e.


— Distributed computing systems need agreement protocols when global consistency must be achieved in a fault-tolerant way. However, solving the Byzantine agreement problem in an efficient way in terms of communication complexity is still a challenging task. In synchronous systems with stringent time requirements not only the fault tolerance, but also the limitation of the communication complexity are crucial for practical usability. Many agreement protocols use digital signatures. This paper presents a novel signature generation technique to merge several signatures into a single one. This advantage opens a design space for agreement protocols with significantly reduced message overhead. Moreover, the new signature technique can also be applied to existing agreement and/or consensus protocols (Turquois and ESSEN, for example) without affecting the fault tolerance properties of the protocol.


Imagine for a moment that focus group method was the only social research tool available. If so, surely we would be dissatisfied. The limitations of focus groups would be widely known. We would pray for someone to invent a different method. We would complain about the ineffectiveness of focus groups for comprehensively measuring the knowledge and perspectives of individuals. We would dream of a tool that could identify views on sensitive topics like sex, drugs and weight loss. Society would long for the day when a small sample of people could yield data that was representative of the view of an entire county, state, or nation. Sadly, focus groups do none of this well.


At present,China and Europe,increasing cooperation and exchanges,bilateral business need a bridge; the network will undoubtedly take up this mission. Based on previous work experience,and give full consideration to the concerns of the enterprise focus,to collect a large amount of available resources to establish" China-European Optical Network Platform" site specific features. Using asp technology,the enterprise evaluation system,an online forum business,enterprise information retrieval functions,products,information dissemination functions,authorized users can browser through the Web to human-computer interactive client program to achieve the release of corporate information ,management,Elements can be carried out in accordance with foreign trade enterprises to assess the capacity and the corresponding classification was proposed.


The purpose of this study is to ascertain the effect of some selected "laboratory experiences" when used to supplement informal lecture. The result s of a questionnaire completed by students enrolled in Educational Psychology 90 during the fall semester of 1969, indicated that the students thought the course could possibly be made more functional and efficient by the implementation of changes. According to the student response, 88 per cent indicated the content to be anywhere from somewhat adequate to very appropriate. For this study the content was not drastically changed.


Recently there has been a sudden surge of the Oil and Gas industry interest in the West Shetland area which is known to exhibit poor seismic data. Therefore it is appropriate to revisit a field experiment carried out by Geco UK in August 1984 in the West Shetland area for the purpose of evaluating three different marine seismic sources.


WASHINOTON, Sept. 4 (AP}-Dls· ~k>!ures that two American and arlll.h armament mak ers had com· blned to dominate world submarine building. with Sir Basil Zaharoft as lhelr sup<!rsaktsma,n, wel'e wrlttl'n today Into the o~n records of the Il'nate munilloll8 Investlgallng com' mlttee. The bizarre story, fltudded with blnls of Internatlonn.1 Intrigue, was uarolded during the day·long ques· lIonlng ot three officials ot the Dectde Boat company ot New Lon· d.n and New York . BualnelHl J>lvliled> This concern, now building sub· II\!.rlnes tor the United Statl's navy, \I'll shown to have an arrange· ment with Vickers, Ltd., foremost 01 British armament companies. through which business was divided and lew submarines were construct· ' !d throughout the world without one or the other get ling a share In I~& p·ro!ltll . Letlers written by the mysterloull Zlharo[!, pl'oba\:)ly the fh'st ever published. wero Introduced to show lilt In 1925 he had directed officers oLihe Fl1<!ctrlc Boat company to ask IhAt the stllte department have the • American ambassador In SpnJn, Alex&Ilder P. Moore, use hLs Influ· !ilea to have the firm making sub· IIlIrln •• tor the Spanish government Rep Its conh'act with Electric Doat. Re8ume TOlllorrow 'When you IntOI'm me thllt your \ntmmenl has given the necessary 1!l\IUCtions to their ambassadol' In Madrid." wrote Sit' Basil, "I will bm no dlftlculty In persuading the llritish to do ditto. dUto. dJtto." Stili on the stand when the hear· Ings closed lor the night were H!nry R. Carse. president ot Elec· tric Boot. a low,volced, unflur"Il'{I , ' bu!lnesB man ; L. Y. Spear. vice preSident. hawk·nosed. tanned and Cuban Bomb Brings Death To 2 Persons


The evaluation of stars' properties is classically performed by comparing the stars' light spectra and fluxes to the known solar properties. Another method to find the stars' rotation velocity will be discussed here: the extrapolation to the other solar-like stars of an empiric solar property, which consists of a direct relationship between the star's frequency and its surface gravity, without the need of any other parameters.


Test data and statistical regularities was offered,through the actual measurement for field intensity of environmental electromagnetism radiations at three city proper in Fushun.The results showed that the biggest contribution for synthesizing field intensity was local broadcasting radio station,TV station,communication transmitting station as well as the industrial equipment of great power of high frequency.But they did not cause harm for resident health.What deserve to be put forward was that industry,scientific research and medical equipment were disturbed to become serious day and day.It should be paid attention.


Hierarchical BiOBr microspheres were successfully synthesized via a solvothermal method by using the diethylene glycol(DEG) as the solvent and soft‐template. The as‐obtained products were characterized by X‐ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), N2 adsorption–desorption and UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy(DRS) techniques. The formation mechanism for the growth of hierarchical BiOBr microspheres has been studied. The possible mechanism of photocatalysis has been discussed. Remarkably, the as‐prepared BiOBr microspheres has a large specific surface area, which can reach a maximum surface area of 55.9307 m2/g. In addition, the superior enhanced photocatalytic activities of BiOBr microspheres were evaluated by the photodegradation of methyl orange (MO) and Rhodamine B (RhB) under visible‐light illumination, which presented the efficiency up to 98.10% just within 50 min and 98.64% within 30 min, respectively. BiOBr microspheres can be a promising candidate as highly efficient photocatalyst for decompositing of organic contaminants for environmental remediation.


It is imperative to explore the stability of the money demand function (MDF) due to its effectiveness in the strength of monetary policy. This paper employs the ARDL approach to examine whether the M3 MDF is stable for the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) consisting of six Arabian Gulf countries. The paper also uses CUSUMSQ and CUSUM tests for this purpose. Unit root test results indicate that variables have unit roots with varying degrees. The results reveal that M3 has a cointegration relation with inflation and real output, however, the interest rate is statistically insignificant for most countries across the period under study. However, the CUSUM and CUSUMSQ tests indicate that M3 MDF is unstable across all the GCC countries. It implies that the governments in GCC countries have to be very careful in implementing monetary policy to achieve stability and growth targets.


We propose a new generic approach for designing isotropic metamaterial with nested cubic structures. As an example, a three-dimensional isotropic unit cell design "Split Cube in Cage" (SCiC) is shown to exhibit an effective negative refractive index on infrared wavelengths. We report on the refractive index reaching -2.3 and the figure of merit as high as 2.7. The structure exhibits potential for application as a building block of isotropic negative-index materials.


We have also to think carefully of those music educators who have had great influence and impact within only a few countries. Their influence may reign supreme with their followers but may still be quite limited on a world wide scale. There is one person who satisfies the first of these criteria and could be said to have exerted a more universal influence than many others. He is a person who lived through the turn of the twentieth century and died in 1940, whose influence has been


A case of discrete, localised Morbus Ménétrier is reported, with pitting of a giant mucosal fold at the antrum, where the patients' main symptom was recurrent gastric haemorrhage. The presentation posed considerable diagnostic difficulties that were only clarified through a partial gastric resection and subsequent histological examination.


Squids were soaked for 20 min in a polysaccharide solution extracted from sepia ink (adjusted to different pH values and different concentrations) and then taken out of the solution and packaged in a tray prior to 1-day storage at 0-4 ℃ or were kept soaked in the solution throughout the entire storage period. After the completion of the storage, the squids were tested for their pH, total bacterial number, TVB-N value and sensory quality. Results showed that the polysaccharide had a good antibacterial and antiseptic effect on squids, and the optimal pH and the optimal polysaccharide concentration for improved antiseptic and preservative effect were 7.00 and 7 mg/mL, respectively. Keeping squid in the polysaccharide solution gave a better antiseptic effect than 20 min soaking followed by tray packaging. The antiseptic effect of sepia ink polysaccharide was inferior to potassium sorbet and chitosan at the same concentrations, and sepia ink polysaccharide at 7 mg/mL, potassium sorbate at 1 mg/mL, chitosan at 1 mg/mL had equivalent antiseptic effects.


Abstract An individual with mild dementia of the Alzheimer's type (MMSE = 25) expressed an interest in restoring a family heirloom. She had a history of high levels of involvement in creative arts and crafts activities and was able to fully participate in this complicated arts project with assistance from the author. The primary cognitive disadvantage appeared to be associated with failures to carry out sub-goals as she painted the heirloom-which was presumably due to forgetting in short-term memory. Implications for individuals in the early stages of dementia are discussed.


The aim of this case report is to present the use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in the management of an oro-antral fistula occurring as a complication of lateral wall sinus augmentation. Currently, platelet-rich plasma is being used in periodontal and oral surgical practices in a wide variety of applications. The patient in this case report developed an oro-antral fistula following sinus augmentation. This was treated using platelet-rich plasma combined with a flap approach. Following clinical healing, three single-stage implants were placed and restored. Clinical and histologic results are discussed in relation to clinical management, wound healing, and regenerative outcomes of treatment. The patient has been followed up for six years.


Due to the growth of internet and social media sites there has been a proliferation of images which makes image retrieval a challenging job. The proposed an Enhanced Image Descriptor Algorithm for Image Retrieval using SIFT-PCA involves three steps: feature detection (Harris Detector), feature description (SIFT), dimension reduction (PCA). The features of all images in database are retrieved and stored in feature database in the form of histogram. When a query image is given, the generated histogram of query image is matched with feature database of all image histograms and those images with minimum distance are retrieved. Euclidean distance is used as the distance measure. For analyzing the performance of the algorithm, average precision and recall are used. Precision is the measure of ability of a system to present all the relevant items and Recall is defined as the ability to present only relevant items.


The emphasis on delivering high-quality healthcare has increased significantly in recent years. Health care is an extraordinarily people-centric industry and as caregivers and organization keepers, nurses represent the key "people factor" in improving and controlling healthcare quality. A critical element of successful health care organization, in the current challenging environment, is the ability to develop and sustain high levels of employee engagement, especially the nurses, in shaping the work environment and team governance. This study is undertaken to gain a more in-depth understanding of employee engagement among nurses. Data were collected primarily through interviews from one hundred and twenty nurses working with three leading hospital in Hyderabad and Secunderabad. The results showed that 73 percent of nurses were actively engaged, 19 percent were disengaged and 8 percent were actively disengaged, which is similar in healthcare industries across countries. Nurses, while indicating various drivers of engagement, strongly believed that organizations should infuse their mission and core values throughout all aspects of their operations to improve engagement. It is concluded that creating a culture of Engagement can make organizations as "destination workplace" and a more profitable — and hospitable — organization.


This paper considers a wireless sensor powered by an energy harvesting device, which reports data of varying importance to its receiver. Modeling the ambient energy supply by a two-state Markov chain ("GOOD" and "BAD"), assuming a finite battery capacity constraint, and associating data transmission with a given energy cost, we propose low-complexity transmission policies, that achieve near-optimal performance in terms of the average long-term importance of the reported data. In particular, we derive the performance of the Balanced Policy (BP), which adapts the transmission probability to the harvesting state, such that energy harvesting and consumption are balanced. Our analysis demonstrates that the performance of the BP largely depends on the power-to-depletion, defined as the power that a fully charged battery can supply on average over a BAD period. Numerical results show that the optimal BP achieves near-optimal performance and that a BP which avoids energy overflow further reduces the gap with respect to the globally optimal policy. A heuristic BP, based on the analysis of a system with a deterministic and periodic energy supply, is also proposed, and the parallels between the deterministic system and its stochastic counterpart are discussed.


caused temporary anxiety, owing to pallor and great rapidity of the pulse. After-history. Recovery from the anaesthetic was prompt and complete, -and in the evening her condition was satisfactory. The only unusual feature was a pulse-rate of 120. Throughout the following day the couirse of the case was uneventful. There was no vomiting, the temperature was normal, and the mental condition quite bright. The pulse, however, continued at 120, both in the morning and evening. Next morning (December 13th) nothing unusual was seen till 9 a.m., when the child suiddenly sat up in bed and cried out " Sister " in terror-stricken tones. The Sister had scarcely reached the bedside when the child fell back dead. There was, however, time to note that the pulse was feeble and quite beyond count in the moment before death.


client/server(C/S) systems have revolutionized the systems development approach. Among the drivers of the C/S systems is the lower price/performance ratio compared to the mainframe‐based transaction processing systems. Data mining is a process of identifying patterns in corporate transactional and operational databases (also called data warehouses). As most Fortune 500 companies are moving quickly towards the client server systems, it is increasingly becoming important that a data mining approaches should be adapted for C/S systems. In the current paper, we describe different data mining approaches that are used in the C/S systems.


Product development is a method or strategy that promotes business growth by providing new products. As consumer demand for clothing continues to grow, it encourages participants in the apparel industry to always develop the quality and quantity of their products in order to compete in the market and meet consumer needs. PT. KKI is a company engaged in the apparel processing industry located in East Java, with the main product of children's robes which are especially for children (0 5 years). The leading commitment in providing quality product, quality is the company's priority in making every product marketed. Product quality illustrates an opportunity or hope given to consumers by producers who have added value and are selling more than competitors. So that the business owner must be able to improve the quality that is more profitable than that provided by other competitors. The quality function deployment method is a structured method used to determine specifications that meet consumer needs and expectations. The six sigma method is a new management method that is used to focus on quality control by reducing the level of product defects. The purpose of this study is to determine the level of importance expected by consumers, to evaluate to increase the importance level with the six sigma method. The results showed that the level of consumer interest based on the analysis of the house of quality in QFD, evaluation will be carried out on the problem of product quality offered to consumers. The product quality that customers expect is to have high-quality products, neat and firm stitches, and durable products. Six sigma analysis was carried out on the product quality. There were several important things (CTQ) that caused the product to experience defects, including: seam defects, overlock defects, stained fabrics, brudul cloth, striped cloth and perforated fabrics. From the calculation of the sigma level, it shows that the production has a sigma level of 3.393 on stained fabrics and suture defects with sigma of 3.591. Based on the analysis of the QFD and six sigma methods, there is a relationship between the quality of neat and strong stitches with suture defects, so that the type of defect that occurs needs to be repaired first. Improvements made are providing direction and training for tailors to understand the use of machines and materials, maintaining the cleanliness of raw materials, regular checking of equipment and raw materials, keeping the workplace in a clean condition.. Kata kunci: quality, house of quality, CTQ, defect, six sigma


Short story theory in English allows for an analysis of certain particularities of the genre. This article addresses the story "Her Letters," by Kate Chopin, from the perspective of textual framing: intratextual, extratextual, intertextual and circumtextual views. The recalcitrance resulting from the interplay of these frames produces a reading of the story from the subversive position of the female protagonist and the letters she leaves upon her death, letters that frame the binomial silence/word.


ABSTRACT The recent research in biocompatible materials has been useful in replacing and supporting the fractured natural human bones/joints. Under some condition, negative reaction like release of ions from the bare metal toward the human body fluid leads to corrosion. In this proposed research paper, the biocompatibility of the laser surface-modified austenitic stainless steel (SS316L) and nickel-based superalloy (Inconel 718) was studied. The investigation on laser-modified surfaces is evaluated through electrochemical polarization analysis using simulated body fluid (SBF). The samples subjected to electrochemical polarization analysis were characterized by optical image analysis, SEM, EDS, and XRD analysis. It was inferred that laser surface-modified materials provided enhanced corrosion resistance and bare nickel alloy is more susceptible to corrosion by SBF.


Soil stabilization is a new type of engineering materials with the character of high efficiency, low consumption and energy saving. The soft soil has the properties of loose, high natural water content, poor water permeability and high compressibility. When the construction is carried out on the soft soil ground, the uneven settlement may occur due to the insufficient bearing capacity of soft soil foundation. Therefore, soil stabilization is an effective method to reinforce the soft soil foundation, and then the bearing capacity of the foundation can be increased. In this paper, the definition, classification and mechanism of the soil stabilization were firstly introduced. Then, the research progress and scope of application of soil stabilization were given in details. After that, the application of soil stabilization and related research results in soft soil foundation treatment were further introduced and discussed. Finally, some drawbacks existing in the research of soft soil stabilization were analyzed, and future research was given.


DNA molecules are attractive candidates for the creation of nano-templates for metallisation and subsequent electrical applications. However, no efficient method for the simultaneous creation of structures on a nanometre scale has been devised to date. The article describes how DNA molecules can be moved on a solid substrate by using biological machines. Gripping the ends of DNA with microtubule-based nanohandles, we can use the force generated by the motor protein kinesin to transport and stretch single DNA molecules.


Introduction . Spinal pains regard people of different age and professions, being also a difficult problem which generates limitations in the professional, social and family spheres and it results in the deterioration of the quality of life. Aim . Determination of the quality of life of patients with the degenerative disease of the spine before surgery by the assessment of the intensity of pain and mood. Material and Methods . The research covered 90 patients with the osteoarthritis of the spine diagnosed, before surgery, hospitalized in the Department of Neurosurgery at USK in Bialystok. The research was carried out based on our questionnaire prepared for the need of work as well as on standardized research tools and the BMI indicator. Results . The research covered 40 (44.4%) women and 50 (55.6%) men at the average age of 48.5±12.3 years (18–78 years). The average value of the body weight index (BMI) was 26.8±4.6 kg/m2 (16.3–38 kg/m2). Back pain mostly concerned lumbar (58;64.4%) and cervical (39;43.3%) sections. The average degree of pain according to the VAS descriptive scale was 57.8±23.3%. The strongest pain was felt by those whose illness affected absence from work and who indicated decrease of the quality of life. Depressive disorders occurred in 37 (41.11%) patients and were of mild and moderately severe nature. Average severity of pain in patients without depression was 52.83±20.86%, whereas in those with depression 64.86±25.12% (p=0.015). There was no evidence of the effect of the disease and the coexistence of depression on the performance of professional duties, quality of life, presence at work or limited contact with others. However, persons with depression significantly more often assessed their current health status as poor (p=0.011). Conclusions . 1. Back pain often included one or two sections of the spine and the degree of pain perceived generated deterioration in the quality of life caused by an increase in absence from work, severity of depression, limited social interaction, and difficulties in carrying out physiological functions. 2. Depressive disorders more often occurred in patients with changes in the cervical and lumbar sections of the spine, in residents of large cities, married, retired and non-smokers, exposed however to stress. These people often underwent diagnostic tests, the number of hospitalizations increased and their duration was extended. (JNNN 2014; 3(3):107–115) Key Words : back pain, quality of life, depression


The drilling of horizontal and highly deviated wells has become a regular technique in the development of both oil and gas fields, enabling greater well bore access to reservoirs and thereby yielding greater well productivity. It seems likely that highly deviated and horizontal wells will also become common place for field appraisal, as they can yield valuable information on both the lateral properties and dimensions of reservoirs (Robertson et al. 1992). This information is not necessarily obtained from correlations of vertical wells, especially in heterogeneous formations.


In this paper the asymptotic stability of global solutions to the initial-boundary value problem for some nonlinear wave equation with nonlinear damping and source terms is studied by using a difference ineauality.


Copenhaver and Charles Schmitt (1992), and has likewise been ignored by many French, German, and Italian scholars. What is noteworthy about Blum's discussion of these issues is that he brings to bear a distinctive theological acumen as well as a sophisticated understanding of the philosophical theology of the Middle Ages. These traits are on display in an impressive ninth chapter, in which he considers the pluralism and function of religion, a chapter that takes us to the heart of the natural theology of Raimundus Sabudus (ca. 1436), the apophatic theology of Cusanus, the universal religion of Ficino, the syncreticism of Pico, the "atheism" of Machiavelli, and the more traditional scholastic theology of Suárez. Considered together, these incommensurate approaches to both revealed and natural theology manifest the depth and vitality of fifteenthand sixteenth-century deliberations about religion and God, discussions which in turn informed the scope and point of philosophical speculation. Blum is to be congratulated for highlighting an aspect of Renaissance philosophy which has yet to be studied in the detail it deserves. No doubt in a book as distinctive as this some will find cause to scrutinize the method and approach of the author, and questions will be doubtless raised concerning whether Blum has given over sufficient attention to all the different confections of Renaissance Aristotelianism, the natural philosophy of the Paduans, moral philosophy, and the revival of other traditions of ancient philosophy. Further to this, many non-native readers of German may find his prose a daunting challenge since it carries the very heavy burden of attempting to translate quite complicated and often dense philosophical concepts into tractable and engaging ideas. For the most part, Blum is easy to follow and a pleasure to read, although one's concentration is occasionally taxed by the odd disjointed phrase and labored construction. Still, these are minor quibbles and ought to be set against the palpable achievements of a book that is replete with novel commentary and many sagacious remarks. Professor Blum has written an excellent survey of Renaissance philosophy; it is to be hoped that it will be read and enjoyed by English-speaking scholars and valorized as a genuine contribution to scholarship. M. W. F. STONE Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium


Nanowires are filamentary crystals with a tailored diameter ranging from few to ~100 nm. We demonstrate their integration on silicon and show how they enable/improve applications in the areas of lasing, photodetection and solar cells.


The effectiveness evaluation index system of maintenance support system is established.Utilizing set pair analysis method,the multi-factorial evaluation model to assess the effectiveness of maintenance support system is established. Making a comprehensive evaluation of effectiveness by using quantitative result,and compared with the results of AHP and catastrophe evaluation,it is found that there is an accordant conclusion.It provides a new method for effectiveness evaluation of maintenance support system and provides quantitative gist for decision.


The PAL device cosist of logic circuit array connecting in standard mode.It is composed of the programmable AND logic array and fixed OR logic array,the programmable input and output,the registers with feed back.According to practical application,the user programs to blown or not the fuses in the PAL device by a programmer connecting PC with a interface car and makes it to produce the particular function.


A major component of the information conveyed in utterances is predicateargument relationships. For example, "The girl pushed the boy" conveys a predicate-argument relationship between the verb 'push' and the nouns 'the girl' and 'the boy' appearing right before and after it. However, many of our utterances convey predicate-argument relationships between distant elements, pronounced in two different clauses. For example, in "The teacher watched the boy [who the girl pushed __ yesterday]", 'the boy' is interpreted as the object of the pushing incident even though it is uttered at an earlier stage of production.


A new econometric model estimates that benefit expenditures for a basic, inclusive paid family and medical leave program in Minnesota would be $187.5 million to $216.4 million annually, depending on program participation. Adding an earnings eligibility criterion would likely have little impact on costs; work-hours and firm-size standards would reduce total benefit expenditures while increasing weekly costs per eligible worker. Restricting program eligibility disproportionately affects low-wage workers. The extent to which a new paid leave program would change workers' behavior is unknown, although a new program may lead to slightly longer leaves, greater involvement of men in caring for families, and enhanced cultural support for care work.


Background: Pulmonary thrombembolism represents a spectrum of clinical syndromes ranging from small embolism presenting with dyspnea alone to massive thrombembolism causing shock or cardiac arrest. Majority of patients with pulmonary thrombembolism present with normal blood pressure, however, some may rapidly deteriorate despite therapeutic anticoagulation with heparine. Identification of such patients by risk stratification is of utmost importance for the care of pulmonary thrombembolism. It has been known for several years that a strong corellation exists between the prognosis of acute pulmonary thrombembolism and the degree of right ventricular dysfunction. Recently, some cardiac biomarkers have shown to be a promising predictive factor in evaluating right ventricular dysfunction and consequently establishing the prognosis of the clinical course in submassive and massive pulmonary thrombembolism. In the article the most important recent studies are represented confirming the important role of cardiac biomarkers in connection with prognosis in acute pulmonary thrombembolism. The most important are troponins, B-type of natriuretic peptide (BNP) with its pro-types and myoglobin. Conclusions: Elevated levels of troponins, in combination with echocardiographic signs of right ventricular dysfunction, are powerful predictors of adverse events and early mortality in normotensive patients with pulmonary thrombembolism. Normal or only slightly elevated levels of brain natriuretic peptides identify favourable prognosis in patients with pulmonary thrombembolism.


Relative performance standardization is to transfer academic scores with different standardization to the scores with unified standardization. This paper proposes a performance standardization method using the two methods of statistics, which are the weighted average method and score standardization. By combining the standard scores and discrimination, the requirement of relative score standardization can be achieved according to a certain rule and standardized constrains. What is more, the effectiveness of the method, which is proposed in this paper, has been certified by the experimentation results.


We aimed to investigate whether troughing during scarf osteotomy for hallux valgus can be determined using plantar pressure analysis. In order to quantify the foot print area of a patient at 7 and 12 weeks after the surgery, the raw pressure data were exported to two matrixes. Each matrix has the size of the force distribution platform and contains the plantar force data of the patient in gait movement. These large matrixes containing both left and right pressure data were divided in small size matrixes and averaged. The computation was done in Matlab. The matrixes were flipped up in order to have the natural position of the footprint. The two were plotted as contours in Z axis but kept the external contours only. This difference was measured by subtracting the areas of the two contours. The results are typical footprints for left and right legs, at predetermined follow-up points.


Imitation parts pose safety risk, executives say. -- Counterfeit parts mimic appearance, packaging, logos of genuine parts. -- Government urged to take larger role in halting counterfeit parts.


Transmission of video over wireless and mobile networks requires a scalable solution that is capable of adapting to the varying channel conditions in real-time (bit-rate scalability). Furthermore, video content needs to be coded in a scalable fashion to match the capabilities of a variety of devices (complexity scalability). These two scalability properties provide the flexibility that is necessary to satisfy the "anywhere, anytime and anyone" network paradigm of wireless systems. MPEG-4 fine-granular-scalability (FGS) is a flexible low-complexity solution for video streaming over heterogeneous networks (e.g., the Internet and wireless networks) and is highly resilient to packet losses. However, the flexibility and packet-loss resilience come at the expense of decreased coding efficiency compared with nonscalable coding. A novel scalable video-coding framework and corresponding compression methods for wireless video streaming is introduced. Building on the FGS approach, the proposed framework, which we refer to as adaptive motion-compensation FGS (AMC-FGS), provides improved video quality of up to 2 dB. Furthermore, the new scalability structures provide the FGS framework with the flexibility to provide tradeoffs between resilience, higher coding efficiency and terminal complexity for more efficient wireless transmission.


Despite the important role of the carboxyl‐terminus (Ct) of the activated brain cannabinoid receptor one (CB1) in the regulation of G protein signaling, a structural understanding of interactions with G proteins is lacking. This is largely due to the highly flexible nature of the CB1 Ct that dynamically adapts its conformation to the presence of G proteins. In the present study, we explored how the CB1 Ct can interact with the G protein by building on our prior modeling of the CB1‐Gi complex (Shim, Ahn, and Kendall, The Journal of Biological Chemistry 2013;288:32449–32465) to incorporate a complete CB1 Ct (Glu416Ct–Leu472Ct). Based on the structural constraints from NMR studies, we employed ROSETTA to predict tertiary folds, ZDOCK to predict docking orientation, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to obtain two distinct plausible models of CB1 Ct in the CB1‐Gi complex. The resulting models were consistent with the NMR‐determined helical structure (H9) in the middle region of the CB1 Ct. The CB1 Ct directly interacted with both Gα and Gβ and stabilized the receptor at the Gi interface. The results of site‐directed mutagenesis studies of Glu416Ct, Asp423Ct, Asp428Ct, and Arg444Ct of CB1 Ct suggested that the CB1 Ct can influence receptor‐G protein coupling by stabilizing the receptor at the Gi interface. This research provided, for the first time, models of the CB1 Ct in contact with the G protein. Proteins 2016; 84:532–543. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


Despite being common, neck injuries have received relatively little attention for important quality of care metrics. This study sought to determine the association between blunt and penetrating neck injuries on mortality and length of stay, and to identify additional patient and hospital‐level characteristics that impact these outcomes.


This work deals with incineration of radioactive organic liquid wastes using an oxygen thermal plasma jet, submerged under water. The results presented here are focused on incineration of three different wastes: a mixture of tributylphosphate (TBP) and dodecane, a perfluoropolyether oil (PFPE) and trichloroethylene (TCE). To evaluate the plutonium behavior in used TBP/dodecane incineration, zirconium is used as a surrogate of plutonium; the method to enrich TBP/dodecane mixture in zirconium is detailed. Experimental set-up is described. During a trial run, CO2 and CO contents in the exhaust gas are continuously measured; samples, periodically taken from the solution, are analyzed by appropriate chemical methods: contents in total organic carbon (COT), phosphorus, fluoride and nitrates are measured. Condensed residues are characterized by RX diffraction and SEM with EDS. Process efficiency, during tests with a few L/h of separated or mixed wastes, is given by mineralization rate which is better than 99.9 % for feed rate up to 4 L/h. Trapping rate is also better than 99 % for phosphorous as for fluorine and chlorine. Those trials, with long duration, have shown that there is no corrosion problems, also the hydrogen chloride and fluoride have been neutralized by an aqueous solution of potassium carbonate.


The invention provides an equal-luminance lighting LED street lamp lens and a method for designing the equal-luminance lighting LED street lamp lens. The equal-luminance lighting LED street lamp lens comprises an outer curved face (1), a bottom face (2) and an LED lamp cavity (3) which is arranged on the bottom face. The outer curved face (1) is formed by irregular curved faces which are symmetrical right and left along the central axis. The LED lamp cavity (3) is an inward-concave hemisphere face, and the semi-diameter of the hemisphere face is determined by the size of an LED lamp bead which is selected and used. The outer curved face (1) is a free-form curved face which is worked out by numerical calculating software, objective light intensity of each point of an objective luminous face which is integrated in the program for calculating the free-form curved face is calculated, and therefore the effect that light rays can be refracted by the lens and then precisely illuminate an objective luminous point after being given out is ensured.


The casual reader, on seeing these lines, might be forgiven for the thought that Lord Byron had the crossword puzzle in mind when he wrote them. In an uncertain world nothing is more certain than that this was not the case. Byron died in 1824. The crossword puzzle was born, at least in its popular modern shape, almost precisely a century later. Its history begins suddenly. Neither in the Concise Oxford Dictionary of 1921, nor in the twelfth edition of Encyclopaedia Britannica, dated 1922, does the crossword appear at all. But from the year 1923 references to it become increasingly frequent. In 1924 a popular work entitled The Crossword Puzzle Book was published. In 1925 there was a reference to crosswords in Punch. In 1926 the thirteenth edition of Encyclopaedia Britannica had a short article on it. In 1928 the crossword puzzle was mentioned in Galsworthy's Swan Song. From that time every good standard dictionary or work of reference has included it. These facts document its emergence as a literary phenomenon in Great Britain. The history of the crossword in the United States is very similar, except that it would appear to have achieved stardom in the popular firmament a few months earlier in that country than in this.


| In recent years, the cultural globalization has been considered as a phenomenon that has been viewed in many respects. On the other hand, tourism is also cultural rather than economic. This is especially true in cultural tourism, where culture is observed as the most important pillar. Cultural tourism is one of the growing areas of tourism, which is a good option for development in areas that have potential in this subject. In this paper, presented by descriptive-analytic method and its data gathering tool is the use of documentary study, the interaction of cultural tourism and cultural globalization has been investigated. For this purpose, after examining culture, cultural globalization and cultural tourism, the common and influential aspects of the two concepts of cultural globalization and cultural tourism are discussed. In the review, it has been shown that in some cases, in addition to existing subscriptions, these two concepts can, in addition to reinforcing, accelerating and modifying each other, neutralize the negative effects of each other. Keywords| Culture, Cultural Globalization, Cultural Tourism, Interactions. Introduction| Culture in each and every society is considered to be an integral part of people's lives. Culture is an all-encompassing system, yet unique, and its provision unconsciously affect everyone in that community. This system is the source of all the actions, behaviors and thoughts of members of society in all places and arenas, and even impacts the simplest moments of their lives (Firouzabadi & Amiri, 2010,103) Culture can be called the special behavior of man, as well as material meansis distinguished as an integral part of behavior. Culture is specifically made up of language, thoughts, beliefs, traditions, conventions, organizations, tools, working methods, artworks, rituals, social festivals, and its survival and function depend on the monopoly of man (Rabiei, Nobakht Haghighi & Zanganeh, 2012, 139). Interaction among cultures, civilizations and societies in the various fields of thought, science, behavior, and technology is both vigorous and indispensable, and certainly it is the necessity of human society. In this context, there are three philosophy or three ways or three approaches that each produce different results. The first area of impressibility is the mere imitation and repetition of imported patterns and mold, which are generally followed by societies that have suffered from alienation and self-destruction and have accepted others as the ultimate destination and model. The second area of impressibility is the mutual and rational impact of consciousness to state the matter differently, the proper use of human knowledge. The third objective is to have an absolute impact on other cultures and to bring them into conformity with their own culture, which Nowadays is interpreted as globalization. One of the issues that has become a central theme of globalization theorists since the formation of the theory of globalization is its cultural implications. Cultures continue to evolve as they continue to engage. * +989131545090, firstname.lastname@example.com DOI: 10.22034/JCT.2020.109999


With the increase in social values of advanced knowledge and culture, many kinds of subjects with special interests have had multivalued expectations for higher education, which has brought about various changes in universities and colleges with the traditional singlemode system. Basically, therefore, diversification is the historical trend and the inevitable result of the development of higher education. It has caused extensive discussions, but no one has given a clearly answer to this key question: what is the nature of diversification of higher education. The author thinks that diversification in the organization of higher education means no other than the diversification of its functions. The functions in question are (1) the capabilities of the elements of the system and its structure; and (2) the effect of the system with the particular structure formed by those elements. There are three indexes for the category of functions the type of function, the intensity of function, and the structure of function. According to this theoretical framework, the diversification of functions of higher education is demonstrated in its development as follows: (1) the organization of higher education was diversified so as to increase the types of its functions. The emergence of guild universities in the Middle Ages marked the institutionalization of the function of cultural promulgation in higher education. The establishment of Berlin University in 1810 led to the formation of the function of culture innovation. The Morill Act of America and the Wisconsin Spirit indicated the germination of the function of academic industrialization. At the same time, the function of culture promulgation was hierarchically diversified while the selective system of undergraduate education and the graduate school and the community college were established. The function of culture innovation was diversified while applied research emerged aside from the traditional pure research. So the types of functions of higher education were diversified horizontally as well as hierarchically. (2) The channels for accumulating resources were diversified so as to improve the intensity of its functions. In other words, universities and colleges got resources in a "crossroad pattern" according to the principle that "he who pays the piper calls the tune". Although diversification is useful for the legal survival and continuous development of higher education, it is not enough to solve the problem of making the structure of higher education functions be optimized and rationalized. So it is necessary to unite the diversification of higher education and the macroadjustment of government under the direction of the principle and idea of sustainable development.


The Latin adage "Nemon tenetur seipsum accusare"—which translates to "No man is required to accuse himself"—is the earliest example of the right against self-incrimination in mediaeval Roman Catholic law. Through objections against the inquisitorial and blatantly unfair techniques employed to question suspects in the mediaeval times in England, the right gradually developed in common law. One of the cornerstones of the British System of Criminal Law was "no person shall be compelled in any case to be a witness against himself," which the United States of America adopted and included in their Constitution. This principle was later incorporated into the Indian Constitution under Article 20(3). The Constitution (Fourty-fourth Amendment) Act of 1978 gave Article 20 of the Indian Constitution non-derogable status. This means that under no circumstances, not even in an emergency, can the state fail to protect this right. "This exemplifies the importance that our Constitution has placed on it. Throughout the early years of our Constitution, there has been considerable misunderstanding over what evidence is protected, and there has appeared to be a conflict between Article 20(3) and the provisions of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872. be a witness against himself and thereafter under Article 20 of the Indian Constitution." 1 The Apex Court received these judgments and referred them to an eleven-judge panel after clubbing them.


The invention relates to a method for producing and series connection of photovoltaic elements to form a solar module and a solar module.


This dissertation presents a road recognition system that uses two different components, a Global Positioning System (GPS)/Geographical Information System (GIS) integrated system and a vision system. The desired outputs of the recognition system are the distance of vehicle to the vanishing point and the elevation angle between these two points. The GPS/GIS integrated component makes use of GPS data and Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data from a GIS. The system is capable of determining the geometry of the road ahead with various vehicle speeds and outdoor road conditions. The system is divided into several components including location systems, a reckoning system, map matching, and map database. The system transforms GPS data to map coordinate data. The elevation information corresponding to the current vehicle location is obtained by map matching. The reckoning system computes the desired output using the visibility in terrain method which is used to determine the mutual visibility from the vehicle to the vanishing point in front of the vehicle.
The second system is the vision system based on image processing algorithms. The 3-D reconstruction algorithm relies heavily on several parameters. First, the camera system has to be calibrated to produce accurate intrinsic parameters which will be used to link between a world and camera reference. Second, the edge extraction and matching process algorithms are required to provide precise pixel location and the tangent of road boundary. The 3-D reconstruction algorithm is able to compute a 3-D road geometry according to data obtained from the edge extraction and matching process.
The experiments and results are described to verify the performance and accuracy of each algorithm. An analysis of various vehicle speeds and outdoor conditions has been tested on the GPS/GIS integrated system. In addition, the vision system including camera calibration algorithm, edge extraction and matching process algorithm, and 3-D reconstruction algorithm are tested on different road condition images. Tradeoffs and drawbacks between the two different components are described.


Hatchery is the main factor that plays an important role in aquaculture sea urchin Tripneustes gratilla (Linnaeus 1758). The quality of sea urchin egg is determined by the absorption of nutrients that carried throughout the gonad development while the quality of nutrients is very likely influenced by the type of food consuming. This research of substrate types on habitat breeding embryonic development and larval morphometric of sea urchin had been done on October - November 2016 at the laboratory of marine, Research Center for Deep Sea, Indonesia Institute of Sciences, Ambon. The Samples taken from three different habitats comprises Hative Besar, Liang and Suli beach. The purpose of this research is to determine the effects of substrate types on habitat breeding embryonic development and larval morphometric of sea urchin. The method that has been used to determine the morphometric was done by measuring the diameter and height of the shell using a digital caliper and total body weight using a digital scale. To observe embryonic development and larval morphometric done by in vitro fertilization through eggs selection then cultured in petri dish at a density of 10ind/ml. The result of this research is the most dominant quantity of embryonic development (72 hours) indicated by culture vessel from Hative Besar meanwhile the least is indicated by Liang. The greatest larval morphometric is indicated by culture vessel from Hative Besar with length and height of larval body further the larval of culture vessel from Hative Besar shown ossification formation.


The objective of the research was  to examine and analyze  the influence of the capacity of human resources, the use of information technology, the implementation of government accounting standard, and compliance with legal provisions with government  internal control system as moderating variable on the quality of financial statement information of the North Sumatra Provincial Government. The research used causality research method. The population was PPK-SKPD (Financial Administrative Personel-Regional Work Unit) personel Finance /Accounting Personel, and treasurers in 35 SKPDs in North Sumatra Provincial Government. The samples were 105 personel, taken by using total sampling technique. The data were gathered by using questionnaires. The hypothesis was tested by using multiple regression analysis and residual test with an SPSS software program. The result of the research showed that the capacity human resources, the use of information technology , the  implementation of government accounting standard, andcompliance with legal provisions had positive and significant influence on the quality of financial statement informationof the provincial government. Government  internal control system couldn't moderate the correlation of the capacity of human resources, the use of information technology, the  implementation of government accounting standard, and compliance with legal provisions with the quality of financial statement information of the North Sumatra Provincial Government.


Aimed at presenting a new video viewing mode, we propose a scheme to extract useful scenario information from dramatic videos automatically. Viewers can easily retrieve video clips what they are interested in by using our method. The proposed method is composed of three procedures, namely face processing, interaction score computing, and scenario information extraction. A challenge to face detection in dramatic video is characters always do not face video camera in full front. Therefore, we employ Lin and Liu's approach which is capable of dealing with the issues of head-turning and head rotation in face detection. Subsequently, face recognition combines with information of scene in order to speed up recognition procedure. We then identify main character from recognition results, i.e., leading actor and leading actress. The quantitative measure, namely interaction score, is computed to represent degree of interaction between two or among more characters. Then, viewers select the specified characters, and our method collects frames with the selected characters as a video clip. Moreover, interaction score is exploited to construct the interaction graph and phenogram among characters.


In this paper I will examine the rabbinic exemption of women from the obligation to perform any "positive time-bound commandment" (), as it appears in M. Kiddushin 1:7. This rule states that women are exempt from the obligation to perform those commandments, such as, for example, sitting in a Sukkah on the Feast of Tabernacles, or saying the kriءat shemעa, the declaration of God's Oneness, morning and evening, in which the requirement for the mandated action comes about with the arrival of a specific time. I offer this analysis of a particular rabbinic ruling, in its literary context in the Mishnah, as a case study in what I claim to be a major component of the rabbinic discourse of gender: the male appropriation of the "feminine" into their own identities, and the resultant exclusion of women from those areas of appropriation. In this paper I will employ a literary/anthropological approach to reading the Mishnah, which I believe is very useful in uncovering such underlying cultural patterns within its succinct, legal writing style.


This paper presents design, analysis, fabrication, and measurement of airflow sensors with three hot-wire resistors on an out-of-plane glass bubble. The fabrication process is based on etching cavities in silicon wafer, followed by anodic bonding of a thin Pyrex glass wafer to the etched silicon wafer. The bonded wafers are then heated inside a furnace at a temperature above the softening point of the glass, and because of the expansion of the trapped gas in the silicon cavities, the glass is blown into three-dimensional (3-D) spherical glass bubbles. Resistors patterned on the glass wafer above the cavities are elevated above the base during the glass bubble blowing process. An optimization analysis on the structure and geometry of the sensor, fabrication process, and properties of multilayer thin-film resistors on glass has been conducted in an attempt to improve the sensitivity.


By using a sensitive radioimmunoassay for TSH, we showed that most patients taking L-thyroxine had undetectable levels. Nearly all normal and untreated euthyroid goitrous patients have detectable circulating levels of TSH with this assay. We agree with Stock and co-workers5 that the current textbook recommendations for replacement therapy with L-thyroxine are too high. We recommend 0.1 to 0.2 mg of L-thyroxine for replacement therapy. Suppression therapy with this dose range will effectively reduce TSH to undetectable levels in most patients; however, the dose must be individually tailored for each patient.


We present a description of CMB anisotropies generated by tensor perturbations in f(R) theories of gravity. The temperature power spectrum in the special case of f(R) = Rn is computed using a modified version of CAMB package.


Gardner et al (1974) introduced a relationship between velocity and density which has been of considerable use over the years. In an excellent review of rock physics, Castagna et al (1993) presented an alternate polynomial form for Gardner's relation along with coefficients which do a remarkable job in many settings. In the appendix on shale properties in that paper it was noted that the velocity-density trends for shales were different above and below 10,000 ft. However, no attempt to quantify the observation was presented.


Efficient urban water management is an increasingly pressing challenge due to growing population density, and competing pressures towards business objectives and sustainability, both in terms of water conservation and energy expenditure. Even in locations of water abundance, the energy consumption of clean and foul water systems mandates efficient management and wastage minimization. Beyond improved system components and localised optimisations, research is approaching this task through methods of 'smart' water management, which utilizes the 'whole-system intelligence' paradigm popularised through the 'smart grid' and 'smart city' phrases. These aim to improve system operation through intelligent sensing, integration of system components, ICT penetration, active users and data-driven management through advanced analytics. This paper therefore presents a novel cloud platform which unifies clean and waste systems to deliver demand responsive water management within a service oriented architecture; integrating state of the art sensing and analytic components through a semantic knowledge base. This knowledge base reuses GIS data alongside dynamic sensor data, social concepts and inference rules. This integrates previously isolated systems as well as supply and demand side optimizations and interventions to improve system performance across various indicators. Further, this paper outlines the key systemic interventions which the overall project addresses and initial results regarding the performance of the various business services offered, within two pilot sites, and discusses the impact of the work alongside similar projects. The findings suggest the value of utilizing a 'smart' and integrated approach within water systems, towards benefits across stakeholders and sustainability objectives.


The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for encoding and decoding the encoded data comprises data source (S) and the redundant data (R), said redundant data (R) after encoding by error correction code is applied to the source of the data, which embodiment uses the system comprising a matrix form, and for converting source data to redundant data from invertible matrix (P) to obtain a generator matrix, the encoding or decoding (12) is based on Tanner (the Tanner) view by superimposing the FIG Tanner FIG said error corrector code and the dual code error correction code is combined in these FIG.


Theoretical and practical problems of application of legal procedure law analogies in civil legal procedure is analyzed in the article. The author examines the significance of justice general principles when pronouncing judgment with application of law analogy.


We consider the problem of efficiently performing simulation and inference for stochastic kinetic models. Whilst it is possible to work directly with the resulting Markov jump process (MJP), computational cost can be prohibitive for networks of realistic size and complexity. In this paper, we consider an inference scheme based on a novel hybrid simulator that classifies reactions as either 'fast' or 'slow' with fast reactions evolving as a continuous Markov process whilst the remaining slow reaction occurrences are modelled through a MJP with time-dependent hazards. A linear noise approximation (LNA) of fast reaction dynamics is employed and slow reaction events are captured by exploiting the ability to solve the stochastic differential equation driving the LNA. This simulation procedure is used as a proposal mechanism inside a particle MCMC scheme, thus allowing Bayesian inference for the model parameters. We apply the scheme to a simple application and compare the output with an existing hybrid approach and also a scheme for performing inference for the underlying discrete stochastic model.


A chemotherapy regimen consisting of gemcitabine, oxaliplatin, and bevacizumab that may be used in the treatment of certain liver and pancreatic cancers.


This paper describes the design of a study to examine the effects of various types of feedback and revision on student writing quality improvement in a first-year engineering course. We apply the previous work of Cho and MacArthur that showed that multiple peer feedback is superior to single peer and single expert feedback in improving student writing quality. We extend their work to examine the effects of in-class instruction on giving peer feedback, and also examine the effect of giving (rather than receiving) feedback on student revisions. Preliminary findings from this study will be presented at the conference.


The study was conducted on diversity as well as dynamic of mosquito fauna of the Sivasagar district, Assam, India for a period of one year. Total 26288 female mosquitoes belonging to 36 species under 6 genera were collected. T-test, Correlation and Regression were used to evaluate the collected data at significance level below .05 and .01. The dominant species was Cx.quinquefasciatus Say (13.77%) followed by Cx.tritaeniorhynchus Giles (11.27%), Ar.subalbatus coquillett (8.9%) and Cx. vishnui Theobald (8.25). PMHD of Anopheles (56.24), Culex (104.84), Mansonia (9.7) and Armigeres (14.55) were higher in the monsoon while Aedes (4.83) were higher in Post monsoon and Toxorhynchites (0.12) were higher in Premonsoon. Mosquito abundance were significantly positively correlated with temperature (r=0.88; p< .01), rainfall (r=0.91; p<.01) and humidity (r=0.83; p<.01). The Regression analysis showed strong linear relationship between mosquito abundance and environmental factors (R2= 0.788, 0.915, 0.832 for temperature, rainfall and humidity respectively).


Members connect with each other by the social behavior of knowledge transfer in the industrial cluster, and these crossword relationships come into being the knowledge transfer network of cluster, researches indicate, this network show itself the typical character of Small-world network. Consequently, analyzing the industrial cluster by Small-world network model, and using the critical path length and clustering coefficient to describe the frequency of knowledge transfer and cluster degree, in order to supply a new thinking for accelerating the development of industrial cluster.


The fabrication of flexible as well as self-powered optoelectronic devices is a growing and challenging area of research. Some scientists have reported the fabrication of either flexible or self-powered photodetectors recently. However, most of the literatures fail to report the fabrication of self-powered as well as flexible photodetectors. This study reports the fabrication of self-powered, carbon dot (CD) enhanced, flexible ZnO/graphite heterojunction based UV detector, where cellulose paper has been used as the substrate. A detailed study on the crystallinity and the defects of the ZnO nanorods have been done with appropriate characterizations. The CD enhanced ZnO/graphite heterojunction showed Schottky characteristics. The Schottky parameters such as the barrier height, ideality factor, and the series resistance have also been calculated using the Cheung-Cheung method. The observed values of barrier height, ideality factor, and the series resistance are 0.74 eV, 3.74, and 503 kΩ, respectively. The transient response at self-powered condition has been demonstrated. The response time and the recovery time at self-powered condition have also been calculated with the help of the transient response and those values are ~2 s and ~3.2 s, respectively. The responsivity and the specific detectivity of the fabricated UV detector have been calculated as 9.57 mA/W, and 4.27×〖10〗^8 Jones, respectively, at 330 nm wavelength, which is quite comparable with literature-reported values, considering a self-powered photodetector.


We investigate the nature of the eclipsing variable OGLE05155332-6925581, one of the brightest members of the enigmatic group of Double Periodic Variables (DPVs) recently found in the Magellanic Clouds. Its nature is revealed through the analysis of new optical and infrared spectroscopy and the study of its archive long-term photometry. We apply a Fourier disentangling method to completely separate both periodic components found in the light curves (LCs) and hence to study separately the orbital and long-term phenomena. The modeling of the MACHO, OGLE II and III orbital LCs, along with the analysis of the radial velocities curves suggest that this object is a semi-detached binary with the less massive star transferring matter to the more massive and less evolved star, in an Algol-like configuration. We find also wavelength dependent systematic differences between solutions for system parameters. Detailed comparison between adopted models and observed orbital changes provides evidence for additional orbital variability likely caused by an accretion disc around the primary and presence of a third light in the system. As in the case of β Lyr the circumprimary disc seems to be more luminous than the primary, but we do not detect orbital period changes in OGLE05155332-6925581. We find that accretion is not the main powering mechanism for the circumprimary disc. The spectral energy distribution shows a remarkable infrared excess at the I band increasing beyond 2.2 μm. A change in the long period from 188.2 to 172.5 days in a time interval of ∼ 1100 days is documented. We find that the LC follows a loop in the color-magnitude (CM) diagram during the long cycle; the system is redder when brighter and the rising phase is bluer than during decline. The source of the long-term periodicity is not eclipsed, indicating its circumbinary origin. Strong asymmetries, discrete absorption components (DACs) and a γ shift are new and essential observational properties in the infrared H I lines. The DACs strength and RV follow a saw-teeth pattern during the orbital cycle. Helium lines are quite variable in shape and strength and appear mostly during superphases 0.3−0.8. We suggest that the system is at the end of a rapid mass exchange stage and posses an outflowing circumbinary disc responsible for the infrared excess and long-term variability. The DAC pattern can be interpreted as the spectral signature of accelerating gas streams flowing through the Lagrangian L2 and L3 points. The loop in the CM diagram is similar to that observed in Be stars by de Wit et al. (2006), and it could reflect quasi-cyclic episodes of circumbinary disc creation/dissipation. We argue that the above scenario could be applied to the DPVs as a class, and conclude that DPVs could be a new type of rather massive semi-detached systems characterized by mass exchange, luminous circumprimary discs, episodes of mass loss and circumbinary disc formation. The study of DPVs could constraint non-conservative models of binary star evolution.


The following paper introduces the researching condition of group nails connector at home and abroad,illustrates its application in truss composite bridge,continuous composite box-girder bridge and large-span cable-stayed bridge tower,and summarizes its advantages,in order to further popularize the application of group nails connector.


There are different types of arc may occur depending on the arcing conditions and involved surfaces. The severity of the arc is determined by the involved arcing surface and the arcing current flowing path. In this study, arc in Sphere-Gap and Rod-Gap surfaces is considered for the time-frequency domain analysis. The voltage characteristics for both the arc events are recorded in different voltage levels and gap length. A Stockwell Transform (ST) based approach is applied on the arc signals for the harmonic decomposition. Further, K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) machine learning algorithm is applied on the ST coefficients for the classification of real-time arc signals of different arcing conditions. The results obtained using ST and KNN algorithm successfully classifies different arc faults due to rod-gap and sphere-gap by their harmonic signature.


O'FARRELL P. N. and MOFFAT L. A. R. (1995) Business services and their impact upon client performance: an exploratory interregional analysis, Reg. Studies 29, 111–124. Despite the importance of knowledge-intensive business services to economic development at the national, regional and firm level, there is scant evidence as to their effectiveness. This paper discusses the impact over 200 individual external business services upon the performance of client manufacturing plants in two regions, Scotland and the South East of England. The empirical research examines client satisfaction and also indicates that it is feasible to directly quantify the impact of these services on client performance in half of the cases. The results suggest that there are limited interregional differences in business service impact and evaluation. O'FARRELL P. N. et MOFFAT L. A. R. (1995) Les services aux entreprises et leur impact sur la performance du client: une analyse exploratoire interregionale, Reg. Studies 29, 111–124. En d...


Peatlands in Amazonian Peru are known to store large quantities of carbon, but there is high uncertainty in the spatial extent and total carbon stocks of these ecosystems. Here, we use a multi-sensor (Landsat, ALOS PALSAR and SRTM) remote sensing approach, together with field data including 24 forest census plots and 218 peat thickness measurements, to map the distribution of peatland vegetation types and calculate the combined above- and below-ground carbon stock of peatland ecosystems in the Pastaza-Marañon foreland basin in Peru. We find that peatlands cover 35 600 ± 2133 km2 and contain 3.14 (0.44–8.15) Pg C. Variation in peat thickness and bulk density are the most important sources of uncertainty in these values. One particular ecosystem type, peatland pole forest, is found to be the most carbon-dense ecosystem yet identified in Amazonia (1391 ± 710 Mg C ha−1). The novel approach of combining optical and radar remote sensing with above- and below-ground carbon inventories is recommended for developing regional carbon estimates for tropical peatlands globally. Finally, we suggest that Amazonian peatlands should be a priority for research and conservation before the developing regional infrastructure causes an acceleration in the exploitation and degradation of these ecosystems.


A simple algorithm of direction-of-arrival estimations of various rays in the multipath channel is proposed. The algorithm assumes antenna arrays to be used with digital signal processing. Numerical simulation shows a possibility to divide two beams within the antenna array pattern when the signal-to-noise ratio is higher than 6 dB. The algorithm can be applied to real-time systems.


Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is an advanced therapy and method of pain management for certain types of chronic pain. SCS has thus far been shown to be more effective for neuropathic forms of pain than for nociceptive forms of pain. The history of electrical stimulation for pain relief is reviewed as well as the basic anatomy of the spinal cord. Although its exact mechanisms are still unknown, SCS involves both neurophysiological mechanisms and pharmacological mechanisms to achieve paresthesia. The implantable pulse generator (IPG) and external radio frequency (RF) spinal cord stimulators, their parameters, and implantation procedures are described. Future success of SCS will depend on improving the model for SCS's mechanisms, improving the patient selection criteria, and optimizing the lead configuration for improved pain relief.

Keywords:

spinal cord stimulation;
pain management;
gate control theory


Abstract In summary, the solid-state C-13 NMR technique has proven to be a significant method for the detection of crosslinks and other structural modifications in sulfur-vulcanized NR systems. The use of sulfur as a crosslinking agent by itself generates a considerable amount of main-chain structural modifications. Cyclic sulfide structures and cis-to-trans chain isomerization are detected in addition to polysulfidic crosslinks which are found attached to different carbons of the NR repeat unit. The phenomenon of reversion has also been detected in this study. The nature of the spectral broadening in the NMR spectra of the highly cured vulcanizates has two origins. The broadening arises from lack of molecular motion in the system and from an increase in chemical shift dispersion due to the new structures formed with crosslinking.


Abstract: As part of redeploying the theoretical potentiality of hybridity, I hold that more attention should be given to the discursive location of Asian minor locales against the discursive power of global metropolitan diasporic location. This attention leads us to a task of localizing hybridity, which can posit the concept of Asian "local" hybridity. The South Korean film, Banga, Banga!, is a cultural text that embodies it vividly. Korean subalterns and Asian migrant workers in the movie speak to people located in global metropolitan cities as well as Asian metropolises. To listen to them attentively, it is necessary to propose the concepts of sub-imperialism, Asian local patriarchy, and translocalism. The marginal city of Ansan emerges as a locale engaging in constant dialogue, exchange, and contestation with the sub-imperialistic and gendered political–economic structures of South Korea. Within such space, Korean subalterns and Asian migrant workers create another language through singing together in spite of their social and cultural differences and conflicts. As they traverse various axes of identity including ethnicity, race, class, and gender, they show their translocal identities and agencies to contest and oppose the sub-imperial Asian local patriarchy. As such, Asian "local" hybridity embodied in Banga, Banga! demonstrates something that is other than mere interstitiality, something that is a kind of other Asian identity with its own specific consciousness of language and self as well as its own dialogic and negotiatory capabilities through its translocal identities and agencies.