Dennis Taylor, now emeritus at Boston College, started Religion and the Arts twenty-five years ago: its first issue was published in January, 1996. In that issue, Taylor advocated a new kind of religious criticism, not aimed toward a denominational audience or an audience of believers of any kind. As a topic of discussion, Taylor felt that spirituality had fallen out of the conversation. Religion and the Arts was meant to take create a space for that undeveloped discourse: We live in an age of critical discourses that are expert in discussing the dimensions of class, gender, textuality, and historical context. Yet an important part of the literature we read goes untouched by our discourses, or is deconstructed, historicized, sexualized, or made symptomatic of covert power relationships. The negative hermeneutic of such reductive discourse has been thoroughand successful. Attempts at amorepositivenon-reductivehermeneutic tend to be soft discourses, appealing to general unexamined values and a preconverted audience. There is a need in our time for religious interpretations that are substantial enough to enter into a productive and competitive relation with the reigning critical discourses (124). Taylor's timing was prescient. 1996 was just about the moment that the "resurgence of religion," politically, culturally, andmilitarily, was at its start. (In my own research, I have found nomention of the phrase earlier than that year.) While "the resurgence of religion" has mostly been applied to its most egregious and unhappy manifestations in politics and world affairs, its return to the scholarly forumoutside denominational contexts has beenmore fortunate. The old narrative of inevitable secularization has been not only interrupted by current events, but by the weakening of that narrative itself. It is not only that belief-systems, admittedly often manipulated by untrustworthy persons, are more of a political (and military) force throughout the world than twentyfive years ago. The easy modernist assumption that religious belief has been


Gareth Evans famously claimed that 'In making a self-ascription of belief, one's eyes are, so to speak, or occasionally literally, directed outward ? upon the world.' This claim exploits the idea that beliefs are 'transparent'. Contemporary philosophers such as Alex Byrne and Jordi Fernandez contend that this 'method of transparency' - determining whether one believes that p by reflecting on whether p - explains our privileged access to our beliefs. I argue that the transparency account of self-knowledge fails to explain how we know our own occurrent judgments, implicit beliefs, or ordinary dispositional beliefs. While the method of transparency brings about judgments, which we can then self-attribute, it cannot explain our privileged access to our pre-existing judgments. To determine whether one implicitly believes that p, one must limit oneself to internal sources of evidence concerning p. In other words, one must look inward. In the optimal cases, the method of transparency yields a judgment that is reliably linked to a dispositional belief, as when one judges that p on the basis of simply remembering that p. But even in these cases, one recovers one's evidence by looking inward rather than outward. And as evidence from social psychology illustrates, many cases are not optimal: one often dispositionally believes that p while judging that not-p. The method of transparency cannot explain our privileged access to our beliefs.


This case study examines the use of celebrity endorsement in the formation of the retail image of leading European grocery distribution group J. Sainsbury, in particular, the process of transference of celebrity images to the product's image. The incorporation of Jamie Oliver (well known as television celebrity The Naked Chef) into the promotions of one of Britain's leading grocery chains involves a high profile campaign that has been adopted in order to imbue the company's products with an image of quality. The success of the campaign has been replicated in New Zealand by another grocery retail "giant", Foodstuffs, who have also adopted The Naked Chef to endorse their products. The case draws on field research with consumers and key informant interviews with advertising agency personnel who identified the criterion for the choice of Jamie Oliver. The extent to which the market place recognises and consumers associate themselves with the image Jamie projects as a celebrity endorser for J. Sainsbury is explored.


democracy. As to declarations about the "limitations, incompleteness, and contingency" of anything and everything political, these are so common that they themselves risk becoming imperious. Button does offer an admirably direct defense of Rawlsian "public reason" (216) that does not dodge or apologize for its rationalist and exclusionary premises. But attacks are surrounded by retreats and feints, and this hardly indicates that liberalism's central problem is excessive certainty. Indeed, it often seems there is no sector of political theory more uncritically sure of itself than the one whose language pivots around the limited/incomplete/contingent—and perhaps the most honest use of a Thomas Hobbes would not embrace it.


This study aims to mimic mussel adhesive protein (MAPs) by mussel-inspired metal-coordination chemistry at the polymer−particle interface using iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs) and catechol−polymer as the building blocks. Catechol group of dopamine conjugates with chitosan backbone and provides additional adhesion strength with tissue surfaces. Molecular modeling, including two different methods, Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) and molecular electrostatic potential (MESP), was used to study the suggested tissue adhesive's physical and structural properties. Four positions of Fe3O4 NPs to connect with chitosan-dopamine blend were proposed. The third site was preferred by following the bandgap energy (ΔE) results and the total dipole moment (TDM).


With such internationally advanced retrieval strategies as Citation Pearl Growing, Building Block and Successive Facet as examples, this paper adopts the method of case study to discuss ways to optimize information retrieval strategies. Based on the analysis of the subject retrieval, the author offers a variety of ideas and methods to the selection of conceptual facets and search words. Reasonable utilization of each strategy can achieve good retrieval effect.


Magnetic properties of actinide ions arise from the spin and orbital angular momentum of 5f electrons which systematize the actinide series. The 5f electrons are not so well localized as the 4f electrons in the rare earths and have energies comparable to those of the 6d and 7s electrons, which leads to greater variety in the properties of the actinides.In this report, the magnetic properties of actinide ions and compounds have been reviewed. The object of the description here is limited to the ions and compounds in which the 5f electrons are relatively localized, i.e. the crystal field theory is applicable to. The results of magnetic susceptibility and electron paramagnetic resonance absorption spectrum are mainly discussed.


We have synthesized several 7α-fluoro (F) and 7α-iodo (I) analogues of 5α-dihydrotestosterone (5α-DHT) and 19-nor-5α-dihydrotestosterone (5α-NDHT) and tested them for binding to the androgen receptor and for their biological activity in an in vitro assay with cells that have been engineered to respond to androgens. The relative binding affinity to the androgen receptor determined in competition assays showed that in the androstane series the fluoro steroids have the highest affinity and that F-17α-CH3-DHT (4) has a higher affinity than 5α-DHT. All other steroids were somewhat less potent than 5α-DHT with F-DHT (2) = I-17α-CH3-DHT (3) ≥ F-NDHT (6) > F-17α-CH3-NDHT (8) = I-DHT (1) ≥ I-NDHT (5) > I-17α-CH3-NDHT (7). The relative biological activity in cells transfected with the androgen receptor and an androgen responsive reporter gene is 4 ≫ 5α-DHT > 2 > 6 > 3 ≥ 1 ≥ 8 ≥ 5 > 7. The iodinated compound, I-17α-CH3-DHT (3), with the highest binding activity was synthesized labeled with 125I and was shown to bind...


Christa Wolf was the most famous East German writer, at least in the west. Her reputation suffered somewhat after the Berlin Wall came down from the revelation that she had informed for the Stasi, though only for a short time when she was young. She was widely regarded as an equivocal dissident, half-darling, half-opponent of the regime. One can't help thinking of the position of medical directors of NHS trusts.

Medicine has long been an interest of Christa Wolf's. The heroine of her most famous book, The Quest for Christa T, dies from leukaemia. In 1984 Wolf wrote an essay entitled "Illness and Love Deprivation: Questions for Psychosomatic Medicine." And in 1991 she gave a lecture to the German Cancer Society entitled Cancer and Society, in which she wondered whether there was a cancer personality that, because it was inhibited by its social upbringing from expressing aggression outwardly, turned its aggression inwards in the form of cancer. She quoted the Swiss author Fritz Zorn, who, like many a memoirist of cancer (or other fatal disease) from the privileged sector of society whom I have read, asked the question when he contracted the disease, "Why me?" His answer was as follows:

"The harm that is caused by faulty upbringing can be so great that in its most extreme forms it can manifest itself as a neurotically determined illness, such as cancer, as now seems to be the case with me."

This is what one might call the Rousseau theory of cancer: that in a virtuous state of nature, man would never get it. This raises the question of what man would die from in such a state (assuming he would not be immortal)—that is, if his upbringing were of a perfection of which Rousseau and Wolf might approve. The answer seems to be that he wouldn't live long enough to get cancer.

Wolf wonders whether there "is a connection between the widespread inability to handle the truth of a serious illness and our deeply ingrained habit of deceiving ourselves, and letting ourselves be deceived, about the role we are playing and the society we live in?" Here one cannot help but remember T S Eliot's famous line, that humankind cannot bear very much reality.

Wolf says that "many doctors who avoid the truth when dealing with patients are behaving normally, complying with the norms, conforming to their society"—which, of course, she feels, is all wrong. She seems to be an ally of Mr Grandgrind on this question: facts, and facts alone, are what are needed in life.

I think things are rather more complex, which is no doubt why mistakes are so often made. Where there is a need for judgment, there is always the possibility of error. I remember that when my mother had cancer, she demanded that after her operation she should be told everything. In fact, she had a poor prognosis (the likelihood of recurrence and death within a year was great) and the surgeon, sizing her up, advised against a full disclosure of the facts. She lived another 20 years, and I have little doubt that the surgeon was absolutely right and humane in his advice, which was to mislead, if not actually to deceive, her: or, in Christa Wolf's parlance, to behave normally.

Wolf says that "many doctors who avoid the truth when dealing with patients are behaving normally, complying with the norms, conforming to their society"—which, of course, is all wrong


Multivariate statistical principal component analysis was adopted to evaluate soil gertility rank,taking example for 17 soil fertility factors of four patterns of the coverting lands into forests and farmland in Hongya,Sichuan Province.The cumulative contribution of the first 5 principal components of soil fertility factors is 84.17%,and therefore they are sufficient to reflect the information of original factors.The 5 principal components include: ① soil available phosphate,soil NH_4~(+)-N,pH(H_2O),available N,total N,total P and soil NO~(-)_3-N;② soil total K,soil rapidly available K and soil slowly available K;③ total soil porosity,capillary porosity and max soil moisture capacity;④ soil bulk density,capillary capacity and pH(KCl);and ⑤ soil organic matter.The Integrated score was calculated in virtue of SPSS statistical software.As far as the improved effects on forest soil after converting lands into forests was concerned,pattern Ⅲ(Hemarthria) was the best one among all patterns about the top level soil;while pattern Ⅱ(Gramineae+Hemarthria) was the best one about the lower soil.


The title compound, C32H49NO4, has been isolated from the dichloromethane extract of the stem bark of Garcinia atroviridis Griff. ex T. Anders. Rings A and B, B and C, and C and D are trans-fused, whereas rings D and E are cis-fused. Rings A, B, C and E have slightly distorted chair conformations, while ring D is most heavily distorted towards a half-chair conformation owing to the strain induced by the lactonization. The ester group attached to ring A is in an equatorial position.


The series of EDSER workshops are a unique forum to discuss and advance the state-of-the-art research and practice in economics driven software engineering. The EDSER-5 will bring together leading researchers and practitioners to provide further understanding how economic and business considerations affect - and should affect - software engineering decisions.


There are a number of interesting phenomena that are predicted to be a result of the behaviour of general relativity close to a black hole. The most well known of these is Hawking radiation. Although well established, the theory of Hawking radiation is unsupported by experiment, since black holes cannot be investigated in the lab. However, there is a strong similarity between the equations governing the behaviour of a sound wave in inviscid irrotational fluid systems and a massless scalar field in a gravitational system. This similarity provides hope that effects like Hawking radiation can be investigated in analogous fluid systems. The requirement that potential fluid analogues be barotropic, inviscid and irrotational indicates that superfluids would be the logical object of experiments designed to analyse such systems. The most easily controlled superfluid to which experimentalists have access is a Bose Einstein Condensate in an appropriately designed trap, and there is interest in designing an experiment to look for Hawking radiation in a BEC. A BEC is also ideal for that purpose because of the extremely low temperatures at which the condensation occurs, given the very low temperature of Hawking radiation. However, Hawking radiation itself is a very subtle effect, and it would be very hard to detect. This means that a related but more conspicuous effect is interesting as a stepping stone to a test for the more well known Hawking radiation. This related effect is Superradiance, a result of the reflection of an incoming scalar field with appropriate angular characteristics from the ergoregion of a massive rotating body such as a black hole. An ergoregion is a region around a rotating black hole or supermassive rotating star within which it is impossible to remain stationary with respect to an observer at infinity without exceeding the speed of light. Before an experiment can be designed to test for superradiance in a BEC it is necessary to establish whether the theory describing Bose-Einstein Condensates predicts that it will actually occur. Work on this problem thus far has either failed to consider whether the effect occurs, and instead focused on the consequences it would have, or has involved approximations that are not strictly valid. Here therefore, after an overview of both the analogy between fluid and gravitational systems and the specific theory related to Bose Einstein Condensates is an analysis using the full quantum theory of BECs. The initial consideration is analytic in character, but the equations do not allow for an exact solution within the approximations attempted that predict superradiance, so a change is made to a numerical simulation using the XMDS numerical simulation package. Unfortunately, this attempt also fails, since ongoing problems encountered in running the simulation consumed all the time available. A discussion of these problems is included.


During the initial months of a special class for emotionally disturbed children, the major concern of observers is usually: "How do you manage these children?" Indeed, they are hostile toward adults in authority, rebellious about school rules, and resistant to academic tasks. Teaching strategies which deal with this initial stage were discussed in detail by the authors in an earlier paper (1967). When the main problems of management of this initial stage have been worked out on a group and individual basis over a period of weeks or months, a second stage evolves during which the major concern is: "How do you teach these children?" The major problems for the teacher then become those of academic assessment, remediation in areas of deficit, curriculum planning and coordination, and integration into regular classes..Although behavior management is still important, it is no longer the primary concern. Teaching strategies which deal with the problems of this second stage will be the main focus of this paper. The class to be reported on is in the Dallas Independent School District and is one of the six original pilot classes in Texas established under a 1963 law. The Dallas class was established in a regular


INTRODUCTION: FEVER WITHOUT FOCUS: Fever without localizing signs or symptoms, usually of acute onset
and present for less than one week.1It is more common in children less
than 36 months of age. FEVER OF UNKNOWN ORIGIN: Children with fever in whom cause could not be identified after
3 week of evaluation as an outpatient or after 1 week of evaluation in
hospital. Fever is a common manifestation of infectious diseases but is not
predictive of severity.1 Many common viral and bacterial infections are
usually benign in normal hosts and respond well to appropriate
antimicrobial or supportive therapy. Other infections such as sepsis,
meningitis, pneumonia, osteoarticular infections, pyelonephritis, if
untreated, may have significant morbidity or mortality. They are
considered to be serious bacterial infections. OBJECTIVES:
To evaluate a) The diagnostic value of C - reactive protein (CRP) by
semiquantitative method in predicting occult serious bacterial
infection in febrile children between 1-36 months of age.
b) Compare it with other diagnostic tests like WBC, ANC and
ESR.
c) Various combinations of these tests in predicting occult serious
bacterial infection among children between 1-36 months of age
hospitalized in an urban referral centre. DISCUSSION: The management of febrile young children without apparent source
of infection remains controversial, we need a test with adequate
sensitivity and specificity to distinguish what type of children are at risk
for bacterial infection. Occult bacteremia, urinary tract infection and
pneumonia are considered as serious bacterial infection in children(SBI).
Because majority of febrile young children do not have SBI,
laboratory tests and expectant antibiotic therapy of these children adds to
cost, time, discomfort, parental anxiety and may contribute to antibiotic
resistance.
Recent prospective studies of febrile young children have found
CRP to be a more sensitive and specific predictor of serious bacterial
infection compared to WBC counts21.
C reactive protein is a classic acute phase reactant. It is a serum
protein which is synthesized in the liver . CRP levels are increased in the
serum as a result of infection and inflammation. CRP estimation is a
rapid diagnostic test. As CRP is easily available, less expensive, less time
consuming and a better laboratory test in delineating children with and
without SBI24,25,26,27 , this study was conducted. The diagnostic utility of
semiquantitative CRP is evaluated in this study. CONCLUSION:
1. Semiquantitative CRP is useful in predicting occult serious
bacterial infection in children between 1 month to 36 months.
2. CRP is considered to be better predictive test than total white blood
cell count and absolute neutrophil count.
3. CRP and ANC or CRP, ANC &WBC combination is more useful
than isolated CRP concentration.
4. CRP determines more selective strategy for children with SBI for
additional diagnostic studies and appropriate antibiotic therapy.


Answers on p 211.

A 68 year old man with a 60 year pack history (20 cigarettes per day for 60 years) of smoking was admitted via casualty with acute confusion, lethargy, and dyspnoea over three days. He denied any cough or haemoptysis, but was unable to give a clear history. Information from his wife indicated increasing exertional dyspnoea over two years with recent swelling of the ankles. She described increased …


The use of combined technology of gas forming and solid-phase pressure bonding for manufacturing large-diameter torus billets with diameter up to 1500 mm, wall thickness up to 8 mm, and diameter in cross-section up to 400 mm from titanium alloys for manufacturing of pipeline bends of desired size is shown. The technologymaes it possible to reduce production costs by increasing the productivity of the manufacturing process and applying new design and technological solutions. The possibility of using the SIMULIA Abaqus software package for modeling gas forming of titanium alloys in superplasticityconditions with non-uniform heating of the billets is considered. The method of combined thermo mechanical analysis (COUPLED TEMP-DISPLACEMENT) with inclusion of the creep effect was used.


The paper presents the results of the analysis of different approaches to risk management in the production activities of enterprises, risk classifications. Several definitions of the concept of risk, its types and assessment possibilities are considered. The formation of production plans, as a system, is focused on the partners of the enterprise in the production chain, in particular, on the consumers of its products. Therefore, an important aspect is taking into account the customers interests, conditions and options for interaction with them, reputation and financial stability of the consumer. All this determines the degree of reliability of the buyer as a partner in the planning of production for the enterprise. The importance of assessing the degree of reliability of consumers is emphasized by the fact that it is a factor that determines the direction and results of a comprehensive analysis of orders of the production enterprise, predetermines the development of possible alternative production plans, their choice, then-participates in the organization of production and sale of finished products to consumers. This view determined the most preferable classification of risks, and as a priority direction in planning the portfolio of orders of the production enterprise - the approach to the assessment of consumers in terms of reliability factors of interaction between them. As a result, the mechanism of multi-criteria evaluation of the production enterprise customers on the basis of hierarchy analysis method is proposed. Key reliability criteria, such as delays in payment of orders, payment terms, frequency and volume of purchases, financial stability of the consumer etc., were selected as criteria for comparing consumers and forming an aggregate reliability assessment of each of them, and a system for the formalized description of this assessment mechanism was developed. On the basis of the received estimates it is possible to define the most reliable and, consequently, priority partners, and also to plan their share in the orders portfolio of the production enterprise as a larger one in comparison with the others.


For now,technology services have become an important support for industrial structure transformation and upgrading.Through the establishment of technology business incubators,productivity promotion agencies and technology market,Qingdao City has established a primitive technology service system. However,the operational service mode is not clear,and strategic service brands and high-end human resource are also in serious shortage. It has been proved that public RD services,third-party professional services and " crowdsourcing + crowdfunding + maker" services are effective approaches to speed up scientific and technological achievements capitalization and industrialization process.


Back propagation training algorithms have been implemented by many researchers for their own purposes and provided publicly on the internet for others to use in veriication of published results and for reuse in unrelated research projects. Often, the source code of a package is used as the basis for a new package for demonstrating new algorithm variations, or some functionality is added speciically for analysis of results. However, there are rarely any guarantees that the original implementation is faithful to the algorithm it represents, or that its code is bug free or accurate. This report attempts to look at a few implementations and provide a test suite which shows deeciencies in some software available which the average researcher may not be aware of, and may not have the time to discover on their own. This test suite may then be used to test the correctness of new packages.


followed for 1 hour after administration, initially every minute, and then at 5-minute intervals. One hundred and fifteen patients were studied and 41 required naloxone. Our results showed that the optimal dose of naloxone to reverse narcotic depression was 1 pglkg. There was usually a marked pressor response usually accompanied by sudden arousal and extreme mental agitation of the patient if this dose were more than 3 pg/kg. It became clear as the study progressed that those patients with pre-existing hypertension. and especially those on 8-2 agonist therapy, always exhibited an increase in arterial blood pressure of at least 25% above control value. One such patient on 1-methyldopa and given naloxone 0.08 mg had an increase in systolic blood pressure of 92"/, and a concomitant increase in heart rate of 947;. Our limited experience with these patients suggests that those on 8-2 agonist drugs (such as clonidine and cc-methyldopa) are at great risk of a severe hypertensive episode after the administration of intravenous naloxone. Whether these responses are due to the acute perception of pain or to the sudden 'withdrawal' of opioid from the central adrenoreceptor is ~ n c e r t a i n . ~ , ~ It is a pity that patients with cardiovascular disease were excluded from the study by Magnusson and his colleagues as it would be these very patients that would most benefit from alteration of pressor responses during laryngoscopy which would be induced by fentanyl. Unfortunately, from our limited data it would be these very patients who would be most at risk if given naloxone. We have abandoned our trial because of the reaction of our hypertensive patients to naloxone. If it is necessary to administer naloxone to hypertensives, especially those on 8-2 agonists, we would advise extreme caution in the size of the initial dose. Indeed, perhaps the use of high dose narcotic techniques should be reconsidered, and rejected, in these patients.


Vehicular Ad hoc Network (VANET) is identified as a key part of Intelligent Transport framework. VANET plays a significant role to establish communication between Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) and Vehicle to Infrastructure (V2I). Keeping in mind the end goal to build an effective network, it is expected to have steadiness of security and transmission of unwavering quality in VANET. In this paper, a discrete event based threat driven authentication approach to provide secure communication between V2V and V2I is proposed. A combination of re-encryption key, public key, private key and session key is used by this approach for guaranteeing a secure communication between vehicle to vehicle and vehicle to Road side Unit (RSU). The analysis of the proposed approach is realized by using Petri nets and Veins framework. The proposed approach is also compared with the related works on the basis of computational overhead (CO), throughput, packet delivery ratio and average delay. The evaluated results reflect that proposed approach outperforms.


The issue addressed in the article focuses on disparities occuring within a region in terms of environmental conditions of development. The article is mainly an attempt to adapt statistical methods for the purpose of monitoring environmental conditions. Within this scope, the method of standardised sums and Ward's method have been applied. The research results pertaining to Lower Silesian Voivodship suggest that the observed disparities between the best and the worst areas in terms of the quality of natural environment are becoming more deeply embedded. In this respect, zgorzelecki county and the cities of Wroclaw and Legnica can be distinguished as particularly problematic, which is crucially affected by the structure and sorts of economic activities conducted within the mentioned areas.


Motorized two-wheelers have been appropriated for a commercial activity, the motorbike taxi, in a number of Sub-Saharan African cities. The aim of this paper is to determine the conditions which have made it possible for motorized two-wheelers to become a major public transport mode, and to highlight their role in daily travel. The rise of motorbike taxis can be explained by the shortage of transport supply, the availability of factors of production and the permissiveness of the regulatory framework. Motorbike taxis extend access to motorized modes of transport to larger groups of population whose travel needs are not satisfied by the other modes of public transport.


Abstract This essay argues that Orwell's representation of animals as companion species offers a strikingly new, as-yet largely neglected view of animal agency and interiority in his work. In "Shooting an Elephant", Burmese Days and "Marrakech", the writer's focus on the social reject is supplemented by a marked sense of community implying human tragedy yet framing it within precariously situated human-animal, colonial or urban-imperial transitions that visualise animals as agents of change and co-shaping species interdependent with the lives of the humans that utilize and domineer them. Animals are required whenever Orwell aspires to shift from isolation to communality, from the self-conscious outsider to the larger realm of ideas framing the world in which his characters strive to overstep the accepted lines of social performance and conformity. Read in and around disciplinary structures of rationalization, Orwell's animals appear to secure themselves, quite paradoxically, a place within the normative anthropocentric framework excluding them. They extend beyond anthropomorphising or allegorical modes of description and open up bio-political perspectives within and across regimes of knowledge and empathy. Orwell's writings thus present a challenge to the culturally accredited fantasy of human exceptionalism, collapsing any epistemic space between humans and animals and burying the idea of sustaining radical species distinction.


Experiments were carried out to determine the effect of essential oil of Cymbopogon citratus (lemon grass) against seven different species of Fusarium.Antifungal activity assay was carried out by agar well diffusion method. The antifungal activity was evaluated by measuring zone of inhibition of fungal growth surrounding the well with test oil. The experiment was carried out in 3 replicates. The obtained results showed that its essential oil found to be inhibitory to all the Fusarium spp tested. The activity of oil was varied significantly depending on a species of Fusarium. The essential oil showed more inhibitory effect against F.moniliforme and F.oxysporum. udum where as less inhibitory effect recorded against F. roseum in vitro. From the results, it can be concluded that the essential oil from the leaves of C.citratus may rich in antifungal compounds which possess considerable antifungal properties and a number of biological and medicinal potentials. It is good alternative to the harmful chemical pesticides and can be effectively used to control growth of Fusarium spp.


The preparation of several amorphous calcium aluminate compositions by the sol-gel procedure is reported. Although a broad composition range of amorphous gels could be prepared, they invariably crystallized when heated to sufficiently high temperatures. The crystallization behavior of bulk samples and thin gel films on SiO2 slides were studied with the aid of XRD. Also, IR spectra were obtained from room-temperature and heated gels in order to evaluate the transformation which the gels underwent upon heating.


This study investigated the effects of stress and time history of overconsolidated clayey soils onpore pressure parameter, A. Laboratory tests were carried out under the conditions of both varying stres and timehistory. The stres history is classified into (i) rotation angle of stress path, (ii) overconsolidation ratio, and (iii)magnitude of length of recent stres path. The time history is divided into (i) loading rate of recent stress path and(ii) rest time. Pore presure parameters are different both in the magnitude and trend with the rotation angle,depending on the magnitude of overconsolidation ratio but not in a trend. In addition, the pore pressureparameters have no effects on the magnitude of length of recent stres path except the level of initialy smalstrain, while loading rates of recent stress path have efects on it. Finaly, the pore presure parameters ofoverconsolidated clays increase with the existence of the rest time, until either the deviator stress exceeds 70 Paor the strain up to 0.1%.


This paper presents results for the electric field due to a uniformly charged elliptical beam in the region outside the beam.


Introduction: Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) is thought to be one of the major causative agent of viral hepatitis. A large number of HCV infected patients develop chronic hepatitis which often results in liver cirrhosis and even progress to hepatoma The HCV genotype is the strongest predictive parameter for sustained virological response (SVR). Patients with different HCV genotypes respond differently to antiviral therapy. Firm evidence has been established that patients with genotypes 2 and 3 are more likely to achieve SVR to combination therapy than Genotype 1 patients. Methods: A total of 93 patients from Faisalabad, who were HCV RNA positive were tested for genotyping. Results: Out of the 93 tested serum samples 84 were typable and 9 were found to be untypable. In the typable samples most prevalent genotype was found to be type 3a and common cause of untypable genotypes was a low viral load. Conclusions: The most common type of HCV infection in Faisalabad is due to genotype 3a and the common cause of untypable genotype is probably low viral load.


pilot The to: (a) assess feasibility of matching records from disparate sources; (b) evaluate the accuracy of the match process; (c) use the matched data to estimate the prevalence and correlates of misreporting of FSP participation for this one-state subset of NHANES; likely impacts


Abstract : After a brief summary of the test program, the statistical results tabulated as overall 'ABC-relevance ratios' and 'ABC-recall figures' are presented and reviewed. An abstract model developed in accordance with Max Weber's 'idealtypus' (Die Objektivitat sozial wissenschaftlicher und sozialpolitischer erkenntnis; in Gesammelte aufsatze zur wissenschaftslehre, 1922, pages 174, 179, 190-191, 194) is used in discussion such observations as the absence of an inverse relationship of relevance and recall ratios. The increase of recall in proportion to the number of documents located is attributed to the ABC-system's peculiar capability of making the user an integral part of the system. (Author)


The paper takes a look at the existing literature on corporate governance and traces the origin of corporate governance and drivers for its growth in recent times. It reviews some of the governance mechanisms and their adequacy in protecting shareholder interest. Corporate governance provides shareholders with a range of mechanisms to check managerial greed, opportunism and earnings manipulation. The paper reviews the mechanisms of audit committee and whistle blowing in particular and their applicability in the context of Indian companies. It also traces the evolution of corporate governance in India to the present day scenario with the introduction of the Companies Act, 2013. The Companies Act 2013, which calls for sweeping changes in corporate governance and auditing norms, has increased the scope of responsibilities for audit committees. It is expected that as companies scramble to comply with the provisions of the new Companies Act, the role of audit committees in public companies will acquire a new dimension. In the times to come, audit committees may emerge to be an indispensable mechanism in preventing managerial intervention in financial reporting and ensuring sanctity of the audit process.


The proper irrigation management as well as provide the necessary amount of water to the development of culture, prevents leaching of nutrients and prevent soil degradation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the management of irrigation in the rational use of water in growing of lettuce in rural property, located in the North of Minas Gerais. It was evaluated periodically the depth of irrigation in the soil and compared to the balance climatologic. It was found that the farmer applied excess water in the soil 105,35 mm. This fact provided a fall of products with standard for marketing.


ABSTRACT Using online survey data from a large southeastern university (N = 762) this study examined young adult's interest in podcasts, podcast use, and personalized politics. The results of this study showed that individuals reported using podcasts as information environments. Additionally, individuals reported receiving a great deal of information compared to other media like radio, online news, and television. The results also showed that respondents who reported consuming large amounts of podcasts reported higher levels of personalized politics. This study adds to the growing amount of data that evidence podcasts as an increasingly used form of media. The results of this study demonstrate the growing popularity of podcasts as a medium and its potential impact on individuals' constructions of personal and political frameworks.


In recent years, LC-MS/MS has become a fundamental technology in clinical practice. In Japan, the LC-MS/MS system is used in many large hospitals, and it has become popular among pharmacists and laboratory technicians. LC-MS/MS has some advantages in terms of accuracy, speed, and comprehensiveness compared to conventional automated chemical testing equipment. However, LC-MS/MS is by no means a universal method, and it is necessary to understand its characteristics before using it. In the TDM region, there is an issue with linearity in comprehensive measurement; however, an ion abundance adjustment method such as in-source collision-induced dissociation has been proposed as a solution to this problem. The development of a biomarker analysis includes searching, identification, and quantification, and it is necessary to select an appropriate mass spectrometric method for each step. In this paper, we review cutting-edge technologies that can expand the performance of LC-MS/MS in the clinical field as well as consider current issues and future prospects.


With its focus on human rights and development, this book aims to contribute to the academic debate on the linkage between human rights and development. At the international level, most notably at the level of the United Nations (un), the prevailing view is that both concepts are strongly intertwined in that realizing human rights is both a tool and an objective of development. Pursuant to this view, development is no longer perceived in narrow terms as mere economic growth but encompasses all aspects of human development. The objectives of human rights law and development are, therefore, overlapping in the sense that the achievement of human development requires the realization of all human rights such as civil and political rights as well as economic, social, and cultural rights.1 This complies with the meaning given to development by the un Declaration on the Right to Development, which defines the right to development as:


Background/Objectives: Clouds cause spatial and unevenness of solar radiation falling on Photovoltaic (PV) array which leads to unpredictable PV power fed into the grid. Power loss depends on the shading pattern. Methods/ Statistical Analysis: This paper reveals comparative analyses on the improvement in power of various photovoltaic array configurations by shifting the placement of various panels in the array, under passing cloud conditions. The location of the modules is altered on account of the "Su Do Ku" pattern so that there is scattering of shading throughout the array. This reduces the multiple local maxima in Power-Voltage (P-V) array characteristics of PV array. Findings: The reallocation of the Photovoltaic modules within the array according to the mentioned puzzle pattern is found to decrease the power losses due to partial shading and also improves the nominal voltage of the array. This reduces the multiple local maxima in Power-Voltage (P-V) array characteristics and improves the nominal voltage of PV array. Hence, the tracing of Global Maximum Power Point (GMPP) in the present method is simpler. The mentioned method of rearrangement has been found to increase the power output for total cross tied configuration under static illumination conditions. The improvement in power output of the array is examined for five different configurations here under changing illumination conditions and the consequences show there is increase of power output for considered four configurations under this scheme of arrangement. Conclusion/Improvements: The present work can be extended for determining an optimal reallocation scheme for maximising the power output under partial shading conditions.


Abstract Academia is generally carbon intensive. Many academics are highly aeromobile to an extent that is now being framed as a form of 'climate hypocrisy'. Technological advances are not enough to reduce the negative impacts of flying, and behaviour change is needed. As tourism academics our knowledge of the industry means that we have a greater than average responsibility to show leadership, and yet currently will remain responsible for a disproportionate amount of carbon emissions. At individual and societal levels, we morally disengage from the significance of our impacts and exonerate ourselves with worthy causes, we absolve ourselves from personal responsibility, we disregard the impacts at the destination, and we discredit those impinging on our "rights" to fly. It is time for academic institutions to take responsibility and for academics to show leadership in the sector by auditing our own impacts, reducing them within our current institutional constraints, and envisaging and experimenting with low carbon business models that make us proud of being part of a sustainable solution, and not just reporting how unsustainable everyone else's behaviour is.


3- (indol-2-carboxamido) quinuclidines of formula I IND-CO-NHR: I, IN WHICH IND is a 2-indolyl which is unsubstituted or mono- to tri-substituted alkyl, alkoxy, alkoxycarbonyl and / or alkylthio each having 1-5 carbon atoms, 7-11 aralkyloxy C 1-5 acyloxy C, C 6-10 aroyloxy, trifluoromethyl, cyano, fluorine, chlorine, hydroxyl, C 1-4 alkylsulfonyloxy OF arylsulfonyloxy 6-10 C, carboxyl and / OMETILENDIOXI YR 3-quinuclidinyl AND IS physiologically acceptable salts thereof ANTAGONIST SHOWING AN EFFECT TO serotonin and can be used as psychotropic drugs.


A new difluoride monomer bilaterally substituted with rigid benzimidazole groups was synthesized efficiently. A series of new poly(aryl ether)s (PAEs) containing benzimidazole pendants were prepared from the novel difluoride monomer with various commercially available aromatic bisphenols using nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction. All the PAEs show high glass transition temperatures (T (g) > 205 A degrees C), excellent thermal stability (T (d) > 420 A degrees C), and good solubility in common organic solvents.


Infection of Hepatitis B Virus(HBV)is presenting a popular trend in worldwild and has become a globle attention health problem.As a noninvasive eosinophilic liver virus,HBV doesn't directly damage the liver after infecting the body.The liver injury is resulted from the specific immune response induced by expression of antigen and antibody system and inflammations mainly mediated by non-specific cytokines.The specific cellular immune is the important factor in clearing virus.As chief effective cells,specific CTLs aimed at all kinds of epitopes are concerned with virus removing and cell damage.It is a hot spot on this field of research at present.This review article is a subjective passage for current state on hepatitis B virus in specific cellular immunity in recent years.


The invention discloses a method and a device for constructing a user interface. The method comprises the following steps: generating a page layout file according to a page new constructing instruct, and adding the page layout file into a preset public layout; determining page attribute class in the page layout file according to a page attribute determining instruct, wherein the page attribute comprises a page public attribute; setting the corresponding page public attribute in the page layout file according to a page public attribute setting instruct; when a window is drawn, selecting a page from the preset public layout according to a page producing instruct, obtaining the selected page, and adding the selected page into a designated position in the window. According to the method and device for constructing the user interface provided by the invention, the page in the public layout or the page and a listing item are adopted to construct the user interface, the repeated workload during construction of the user interface is reduced, and fast construction of a plurality of complex user interfaces is realized.


The authors conducted exploratory phase 1‐2 clinical trials vaccinating breast cancer patients with E75, a human leukocyte antigen (HLA) A2/A3–restricted HER‐2/neu (HER2) peptide, and granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor. The vaccine is given as adjuvant therapy to prevent disease recurrence. They previously reported that the vaccine is safe and effective in stimulating expansion of E75‐specific cytotoxic T cells. Here, they report 24‐month landmark analyses of disease‐free survival (DFS).


Previous methodological reports in the literature about cynicism have concluded that the Niederhoffer Scale is unreliable and meaningless in predicting police officer behavior. The entire research has rested on small samples of white officers, despite the increasing presence of black officers in urban departments. Past literature has examined the relationship between the cynicism scale and other attitudinal constructs. Despite the fact that the scale is intended to predict behavior, correlations between the scale and behavioral criterion variables have not been reported. In this paper we present the results of conventional reliability analysis on a sample of black police union activists. The twenty item scale is resubjected to a five factor varimax solution. Only eight items are observed to reload on factors initially observed by Regoli (1976) and indicate little stability within internal factor configurations.


This study investigates the finite-time attitude synchronisation problem for multiple spacecraft under a directed communication topology. Attitude synchronisation problem for a leaderless formation system without specified reference attitude is studied, and finite-time control laws are proposed and analysed without using neighbours' angular velocity measurements. By applying the graph theory, homogeneous method and Lyapunov stability theory, it is proved that the system is globally finite-time stable and attitude synchronisation can be achieved. Then the obtained control results are extended in the scenario with a stationary leader. Numerical simulations are finally given to demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the obtained results.


Abstract : Over the past two decades, China's rapid military expansion has raised concern among U.S. policy makers and defense officials. While it publicly claims a policy of peaceful development, China continues to develop high technology weapons systems and force projection platforms that are widening its military advantage over its neighbors and could possible deny American military access to the region in the event of conflict. China's true ambitions and long-term strategy are difficult to discern, as it is intentionally secretive about its military development and foreign policy. Despite its military buildup and secretive nature, China has not yet shown any intention of conducting strategic military aggression against other nations. However, could China's non-aggressive posture change? And if so, what emerging conditions might indicate that such a change is taking place? This monograph uses a case study of interwar Germany to determine the factors that led to Germany's strategic aggression, and assesses modern-day China against those factors. Interwar Germany embarked on a rearmament program that produced the massive military force Hitler used to initiate World War II. In comparison, there are clearly substantial differences between Germany and China, but there are also some parallels and areas for concern. Emerging domestic problems could manifest themselves in China over the next two decades -- possibly leading to instability -- and China is not content with America's military presence in the Western Pacific. If China is unable to maintain its current high levels of economic growth, potential domestic and international problems could destabilize the Chinese Communist Party and provide more aggressive leaders the credibility needed to seize power. The United States can no longer afford to train, and maintain an expensive, Cold War-style military force for an unlikely war.


This work presents point pedotransfer function models of the soil water retention curve. Developed models allow for estimation of the soil water content based on following soil characteristics: soil granulometric composition, total porosity and bulk density. Soil water content is evaluated for the specified soil water potentials: -0.98 kPa, -3.10 kPa, -9.81 kPa, 31.02 kPa, -491.66 kPa and -1554.78 kPa.


The energy saving way of negative flow control for construction machinery has gotten successful application,but because of its main import control valve has long order cycle and high price,a kind of new way to pump liquid control reversing valve,pressure switch,pilot valve shuttle valve-homebred multi-way directional valve for the system was put forward to achieve a simple link negative flow control method,which can not only reduce the cost,shorten the manufacturing cycle,but also basically achieve the energy-saving control function.Negative flow control method in machine without action can make the main pump displacement reduced to the minimum,thereby matching engine idle mode,and reducing fuel consumption.


CV 205‐502 (Sandoz), an octahydrobenzol [g]quinoline, is a long‐acting dopamine agonist which inhibits prolactin secretion. We conducted a phase 2 clinical study in 10 hyperprolactinaemic women (nine of whom were previously intolerant of bromocriptine) in order to determine (1) the dose at which CV 205–502 exerted its prolactin‐lowering effect; (2) the nature of adverse reactions associated with long‐term therapy; and (3) whether patients who were intolerant of bromocriptine could tolerate CV 205–502. At first patients were randomized to take initial doses of either 0.02 or 0.05 mg daily at bedtime. Thereafter these doses of medication were gradually increased either to the point of normalizing serum prolactin (to 0.70 IU/1 or 20 ng/ml) or to a maximum dose of 0.14 mg daily. The lower initial dose was ineffective and had to be increased in all patients. The higher initial dose (0.05 mg) normalized prolactin in three of five women within 24 h. During chronic administration of the final dose of CV 205–502 (mean 0.09 mg a day), serum prolactin decreased from a mean level of 9.19 |Mp 4.9 (SEM) IU/1 to a mean level of 1.55 ± 0.49 IU/1 (n= 10 patients). Prolactin was normalized in five patients. Two patients, one of whom had been previously unresponsive to bromocriptine, and another unresponsive to pergolide with regard to prolactin inhibition, were also unresponsive to CV 205–502. Nausea, the side‐effect responsible for these patients' previous intolerance of bromocriptine, occurred in six of 10 patients taking CV 205‐502 but was much less disabling and did not cause any of the patients to stop this medication. Only one patient taking CV 205‐502 discontinued treatment because of adverse effects (light‐headedness).


Rote learning in an Egyptian literacy classroom shows many of the features of ritual language. Ritual is used to maintain social order and continuity, and the performative nature of text production is dominant to its communicative function. The performance pedagogy of this classroom is analysed as a sequence of framing, modelling, practice, performance, and evaluation. Evaluation of learning is thus based on a correct performance rather than on interpretation, comprehension or expression.


In this month's newsletter we are posting the first in a series of system level nanomanufacturing test-bed reviews. System level test-beds are public-private partnerships designed to transfer promising fundamental discoveries and developments from the research laboratory to viable manufacturing platforms that can be adopted by industry. This month: Self-Assembled Polymer Templates for Device Fabrication: High-Rate and Low-Cost for Roll-to-Roll Processing. Also: Progress Towards High-Throughput Continuous Nanoimprinting; Nanopillars Promise Cost-Effective Photovoltaics; and Aerosol Synthesis of Carbon Nanotube Networks for Thin Film Transistors.


China's support for Russia in its confrontation with Western countries in the form of verbal interventions is obvious. Russian business also expected the strengthening of cooperation with its eastern neighbor in the financial, technological and trade areas. However, the development of interaction in these areas is not so pronounced. The article analyzes the development of bilateral cooperation after the start of Russia's special military operation in Ukraine in the field of trade, finance, logistics, energy and technology.


With emergent fifth-generation (5G) communications systems harnessing ever-higher carrier frequencies and wider instantaneous bandwidths to enable denser user-space and higher data throughput, the ability to address high numbers of users becomes paramount. Existing digital beam-forming technology does not break down gracefully in the presence of a large number of data channels, and high-speed digital-to-analog converters (DACs) are both expensive and power-hungry. The RF-Photonic approach to millimeter-wave (mmW) imaging offers alleviations to this problem by relying on a low-speed phase-locked loop to mitigate phase variations incurred through mechanical means. We present a photonic mmW imager with a fiber arrayed waveguide grating (FAWG), enabling quasi-instantaneous spatial-spectral localization of all incident signals in the array field of regard through optical processing of the up-converted RF field. This configuration additionally enables recovery of the data encoded upon the received carriers through the use of a tunable optical local oscillator, with high-fidelity detection of quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) signals demonstrated up to a 16-point constellations, and the recovery of multiple signals at once over a wide spectral separation. Additional techniques are presented, using multiple fiber projections to remove the ambiguity between spatial and spectral locations of multiple sources in an RF scene, providing quasi-instantaneous detection of the spatial-spectral location in frequency- and angle-space for each source incident upon the array. In a complete implementation, we expect such a system to possess the capability of simultaneous signal identification and data recovery, contained in a portable form factor for rapid deployment.


The study covered thirty-one samples of gemological garnets of more than 5 mm in size from the alluvial sediments at the Charneca site and from the Vargem-1 pipe, both located in the Santo Inacio River basin in Coromandel county, State of Minas Gerais. Among these samples, and based on chemical composition data, optica! absorption spectroscopy, and colorimetry, we were able to distinguish three main types of gemological garnets (purplish-red, orangish-red, and yellowish-orange), the hues of which are due to the combination of optically active centers of Cr VI 3+ , Fe VI 3+ and Fe VIII 2+ .Comparison of the garnets analyzed with those of the Czech Massif (Linhorka, Czech Republic) revealed that the former feature less saturation of the main color tone, resulting in a more attractive color and enhanced gemological value.


In 1960, as an intern, I vividly remember being dressed down by one of the respected venerable clinicians of the Massachusetts General for ordering an excessive number of tests on a patient who had familial Mediterranean fever. It wasn't until about 10 years later that I fully understood the message the attending was trying to deliver. Since then, I've been interested in studying patterns of laboratory utilization in the teaching hospital setting, identifying inappropriate or excessive test practices, developing strategies to remedy these problems, implementing them, and then measuring their effects. Almost everyone here is involved in teaching.and is influenced, in one way or another, by cost containment efforts, so I thought you might be interested in a brief analysis of existing strategies concerning the rational use of diagnostic tests and procedures, how they have fared, and what additional strategies might be required to educate students and house officers to choose tests wisely and interpret their results properly. To begin with, I think it is convenient to examine strategies according to how tests are used in hospital practice; specifically, the use of tests or procedures in arriving at diagnoses on the one hand, and on the other their use in the subsequent management of the patient. Strategies which address the problem of redundant or superfluous testing, a problem that relates largely to test use in patient management, if successful, should result in cost savings. On the other hand, the strategies designed to improve the use of tests in clinical problem solving may be different and may or may not reduce costs, but certainly should lead to improved quality of care. It is probably true that preoccupation with cost containment through reduction in numbers of tests performed has resulted in inadequate attention to test use in clinical problem solving, and that strategies necessary to realize both objectives must be addressed simultaneously. Test Use in Patient Management. Let us first examine the issue of excessive use of tests in patient management with attention to the problem of follow-up tests in hospitalized patients. Approximately threefourths of all chemistry and hematology tests performed by hospital


Background: Toxoplasma gondii possesses proteins that can modulate host immune responses. TgMIF is a homologue of mammalian macrophage migration inhibitory factor. Results: TgMIF possesses tautomerase but not oxidoreductase activity. It can stimulate ERK MAPK and IL-8 production. Conclusion: TgMIF is capable of modulating host molecules. Significance: The study identifies immunomodulatory activity of TgMIF consistent with a role for sustaining parasite survival. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a proinflammatory molecule in mammals that, unusually for a cytokine, exhibits tautomerase and oxidoreductase enzymatic activities. Homologues of this well conserved protein are found within diverse phyla including a number of parasitic organisms. Herein, we produced recombinant histidine-tagged Toxoplasma gondii MIF (TgMIF), a 12-kDa protein that lacks oxidoreductase activity but exhibits tautomerase activity with a specific activity of 19.3 μmol/min/mg that cannot be inhibited by the human MIF inhibitor ISO-1. The crystal structure of the TgMIF homotrimer has been determined to 1.82 Å, and although it has close structural homology with mammalian MIFs, it has critical differences in the tautomerase active site that account for the different inhibitor sensitivity. We also demonstrate that TgMIF can elicit IL-8 production from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells while also activating ERK MAPK pathways in murine bone marrow-derived macrophages. TgMIF may therefore play an immunomodulatory role during T. gondii infection in mammals.


The commonly used diagnostic modalities include radiography, electrocardiography and confirmation of the disorder is done by using echocardiography. Echocardiographic evaluation is the most sensitive method of confirming myocardial dysfunction. The diagnosis of DCM is based on the identification of myocardial dysfunction with active exclusion of other acquired or congenital cardiac disease (McEwan et al., 2003). International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 9 Number 3 (2020) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com


Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com the skeletal muscles. Although weakness may affect any muscle, MG has a distinct predilection for involvement of the extraocular muscles (EOM). MG patients are therefore categorized into two groups, the ocular MG (OMG) and the generalized group. The diagnosis of OMG is challenging and not always clinically evident since symptoms and signs can mimic other conditions.


Due to the ubiquity of missing data, data imputation has received extensive attention in the past decades. It is a well-recognized problem impacting almost all fields of scientific study. Existing imputation algorithms differ in problem settings, model selection, and data evaluation. There is a lack of systematic comparison study among imputation algorithms. In this paper, we survey this interesting and evolving research topic by broadly reviewing and experimentally comparing the state-of-the-art missing data imputation algorithms. We analyze and categorize 19 imputation algorithms. Extensive experiments over 15 real-world benchmark datasets are conducted under various settings of data types, missing mechanisms, missing rates, dataset/model parameters, as well as the post-imputation prediction task. We shed light on a series of constructive insights on imputation algorithms to tackle imputation problem in real-life scenarios. Moreover, we put forward promising future directions for data imputation problem.


A prospective, multicenter clinical trial randomly assigned 279 patients to bilateral implantation of the +3.0-D add power multifocal AcrySof IQ ReSTOR IOL (SN6AD1, Alcon Laboratories) or the +4.0-D add power version (SN6AD3, Alcon Laboratories). Assessments at 6 months after surgery, including binocular defocus testing, showed the theoretically expected shift in the best distance for near vision and a significant improvement in intermediate vision with the +3.0-D versus the +4.0-D ReSTOR IOL.


This paper looks at the secondary effects of a grant, the Youth Opportunities Program (YOP), on human capital investments in conflict-affected Northern Uganda. The YOP grant was aimed at providing start-up money to groups of underemployed youth, while working in practice as an Unconditional Cash Transfer program. It kept a gender balance by mandating that the groups contained at least a third of female members. Overall, the intervention had a significant impact on education-related expenditures, increasing them by 11-15 percent, US$ 17-23, in the shorter and longer term (i.e. after two and four years). Specifically, men assigned to receive the grant increased total educational expenses by about US$ 32 both after two and four years (21-24 percent), whereas total educational expenditures of women in the treatment group did not increase. Female recipients seem to have not made more substantial investments in education, at least in part, because of stronger external influences, such as probable financial requests from other members of their YOP group. These results suggest that the intervention had on average a positive impact on investments in education, but it had a lower effect on women possibly due to its group-structure. 1 Acknowledgements: I am grateful to Nathan Fiala for sharing the data. This research received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement n. 263905 (TAMNEAC). All errors and opinions are mine. 2 Applied Economist, World Bank, Education Global Practice, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, U.S.A., firstname.lastname@example.com; and Research Affiliate with the Households in Conflict Network (HiCN)


He structure of microbial inflammatory diseases of urinary tract in children of early age is described in this article. Clinical course of infectious diseases of urinary tract in first 3 years of life is characterized by absence of specific clinical features. Increase of activity of kallikrein and angiotensin converting ferment, and decrease of callikreinogen and α-2-macroglobulin testify to infectious process in kidney in children of early age. Increase of excretion of albumin with urine in patients with nephropathy is an evidence of glandular lesion at microbial inflammatory process in renal tissue. Key words: children, infection of urinary tract, microalbuminuria, kallikrein, kallikreinogen, angiotensin_converting enzyme, α-2-macroglobulin.


LixAg1−x(Nb0.5Ta0.5)O3 (0≤x≤0.25) solid solutions have been fabricated by the mixed oxide method. Compositions with x≤0.15 were single phase perovskite by x-ray diffraction (XRD) and could be indexed using the end member, Ag(Nb0.5Ta0.5)O3 Pbcm cell, 2a,2a,4a (where a is the pseudocubic lattice parameter). For x≥0.20, Li(Nb,Ta)O3 peaks emerged as a second phase. Electron diffraction patterns from the perovskite phase could also be indexed according to the Pbcm cell but there was a systematic decrease in the intensity of {0014}p as Li concentration increased which indicated that the correlation length of cation displacements perpendicular to c decreased from long to short range order. The reduction in correlation length of cation displacements resulted in a convergence of the M1-M2-M3 transitions to give a single broad, frequency dependent maximum at x=0.15. Further increase in Li concentration did not qualitatively affect the temperature dependent dielectric data, consistent with the solubility limit deter...


Crop extent and frequency maps are an important input to inform the debate around land value and competitive land uses, food security and sustainability of agricultural practices. Such spatial datasets are likely to support decisions on natural resource management, planning and policy. The complete Landsat Time Series (LTS) archive for 23 Landsat footprints in western Queensland from 1987 to 2015 was used in a multi-temporal mapping approach. Spatial, spectral and temporal information were combined in multiple crop-modelling steps, supported by on ground training data sampled across space and time for the classes Crop and No-Crop. Temporal information within summer and winter growing seasons for each year were summarised, and combined with various vegetation indices and band ratios computed from a mid-season spectral-composite image. All available temporal information was spatially aggregated to the scale of image segments in the mid- season composite for each growing season and used to train a random forest classifier for a Crop and No- Crop classification. Validation revealed that the predictive accuracy varied by growing season and region to be within k = 0.88 to 0.97 and are thus suitable for mapping current and historic cropping activity. Crop frequency maps were produced for all regions at different time intervals. The crop frequency maps were validated separately with a historic crop information time series. Different land use intensities and conversions e.g. from agricultural to pastures are apparent and potential drivers of these conversions are discussed.


In order to train the medical professionals with good English communication skill,this article aims to offer some effective measures to perform bilingual education of epidemiology smoothly,by analyzing the necessity and discussing the problems of the bilingual teaching,which mainly include careful preparation of teachers' English language skill,making clear purpose of the teaching,understanding the practical level of students' special English in epidemiology and the development of suitable teaching programs accordingly.


Months of rumors surround ing the status of Notre Dame theo logy p ro fesso r F a th e r James B u rtcha e ll have been confirmed by an article in this w eek's issue o f the N a tiona l Catholic Reporter (NCR) which sta tes th a t B u rtc h a e ll has agreed to resign amid charges o f sexual misconduct w ith male undergraduates. Burtchaell had been investi gated by the University fo llow ing charges by several students that he made sexual advances to them w ith in the context o f counseling or spiritual-advising, according to the Dec. 6 issue of


The article presents a comparative analysis of the approaches of domestic and foreign researchers to the definition of the concept "human resources". It has been found that in the scientific literature there is no single generally accepted definition of the concepts "human resources" or "human resources management". As a result of insufficient study of the conceptual apparatus, the relationship, interconnection and place in the system of economic knowledge of many theoretical constructs in the field of personnel management, human capital, human and labor resources become unclear. The main stages of the study of the essence of economic phenomena proposed by the economist-theorist V.N. Belkin are the following: assigning a name to a phenomenon, using terms adopted in science; definition of the content of an economic concept; definition of political and economic essence of the concept under consideration; description of the relationship of the concept studied with other concepts adopted in this field of science. Based on the analysis, the system-forming elements of the concept "human resources" are highlighted, the author's approach to the definition of the concept "human resources" and its political and economic essence are formulated. It has been inferred that the definitions have the following common elements: a person as a subject of labor activity; physical and spiritual characteristics of a person that can potentially be used in his labor activity. There have been presented the author's theoretical ideas about the relationship between the concept of "human resources" and the concepts of "labor force", "human capital", "labor resources", and "organization personnel". On the basis of the presented relationship, the position of the concept "human resources" in the system of traditional concepts of management and labor economics has been defined.


The present invention discloses a high phosphorus acid leaching process for etching silicon Oolitic iron security dephosphorization, the process as follows: First, the conventional beneficiation process of High Phosphorus Oolitic beneficiated ore slurry obtained crude iron , the mass concentration of the coarse iron ore in the pulp is adjusted to 50% to 70%; Second, after the pulp concentration adjustment added to the mixer, followed by addition of hydrochloric acid to the industrial mixer, corrosion protection of iron and silicon agent, stirring leaching 15min ~ 45min; three, filtered to obtain a filtrate and filter cake, said filter cake that is low phosphorus iron ore. The present invention is a simple process route, low production cost, easy operation, low power consumption, high adaptability ores using the process of the present invention can improve the iron ore grade of crude iron, iron recovery leaching process can reach 90% to 95%, the final iron grade can be obtained not less than 60%, P2O5 content of not more than 0.15% phosphorus iron ore.


The communication present results from work on development and evaluation of new polymeric carbon fiber composites with extreme temperature performance: Tg up to 360°C is targeted. The anticipated ...


Wnt proteins have been implicated in regulating growth and pattern formation in a variety of tissues during embryonic development. We previously identified Frzb‐1, a gene which encodes a secreted protein with homology in the ligand binding domain to the Wnt receptor Frizzled, but lacking the domain encoding the putative seven transmembrane segments. Frzb‐1 has recently been shown to bind to Wnt proteins in vitro, and to inhibit the activity of Xenopus Wnt‐8 in vivo. We report now that mFrzb‐1 and Wnt transcripts display both complementary and overlapping expression patterns at multiple sites throughout embryonic development. By Northern analysis, the expression of mFrzb‐1 in the developing mouse embryo is greatest from 10.5 to 12.5 days postcoitum (dpc). In the early embryo, mFrzb‐1 is expressed in the primitive streak, presomitic mesoderm, somites, and brain. Later, mFrzb‐1 exhibits sharp boundaries of expression in the limb bud, branchial arches, facial mesenchyme, and in cartilaginous elements of the appendicular skeleton. We conclude from these experiments that Frzb‐1is expressed at a time and location to modulate the action of Wnt family members during development of the limbs and central nervous system. Dev. Dyn. 1998;212:364–372. © 1998 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


The ATRACB LSI can record and playback 148 minutes of digital audio on MD-DATA format. ATRACB compresses CD data to 1/10 and controls the quantization noise render e d in a u d ible using psychoacoustic principles.


In the abundant literature on plant chemistry, little attention is paid to correlations among chemical elements in tissues. The goal of the research is to establish consistent correlations among elements in the xylem of four widespread Siberian conifers. X-ray fluorescent analysis has been applied to find out the elements contained in the xylem. The method allowed finding the mean count rates of Al, P, S, K, Ca, Ti, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, and Sr in trunks of trees. Moreover, the xylem samples were chemically treated twice, first in alcohol and then in HCl. It was found that species factor exerts a significant influence on the elemental content of a few elements, but not on all of them. The chemical treatment decreases the impact of the species factor. The treatment increases the number of significant correlations and strength of them. In some cases (especially with Al), the correlations may change the sign of the relationship. The consistent correlations may help arrange more profound chemical research revealing the forms in which the elements exist in xylem.


This paper proposes a scalable audio encoder which integrates modified psychoacoustic model and embedded zerotree wavelet (EZW) algorithm based on wavelet packet transform. The performance of modern audio coding systems is strongly dependent on the psychoacoustic model to remove the irrelevant audio information. However, the traditional methods to analyze the psychoacoustic models based on fast Fourier transform (FFT) require considerable amount of computational load. The modified psychoacoustic model proposed in this paper is directly driven by wavelet packet transform rather than FFT. EZW is used for scalable coding that is also derived from wavelet packet transform. Compared to the other audio encoders such as: MPEG layer 1 and EZW algorithm without psychoacoustic model, the experimental results show that the proposed encoder has better perceptual sound quality and lower computational complexity at low bit rate coding


The presence of heavy metals in drinking water leads to several health problems. Nano and micro fiber membranes can be used to overcome this through nano or microfiltration process. In this study, polycaprolactone (PCL)/zeolite electrospun composite membranes were fabricated and characterized. PCL is one of the synthetic polymers used in biomedical applications. It has several advantages, including biocompatibility, biodegradability and mechanical flexibility. On the other hand, zeolites are microporous, aluminosilicate minerals commonly used as commercial adsorbents. Electrospinning is a promising technique to produce membranes by applying high voltage electricity. In this research, an electrospinning technique was used to fabricate the electrospun membrane based on PCL and zeolite. In order to produce electrospun membrane, 15% (w/v) of PCL polymer solution was dissolved in acetone and 20% (w/v) zeolite nanoparticles were incorporated into the PCL polymer solution. The diameter range of fiber was 2-6 µm. Zeolite nanoparticles were distributed homogenously into the fibers. EDX spectrum confirmed the presence of zeolite throughout the membrane. From the performance testing, it was revealed that the membrane can be potentially used as microfiltration to entrap silver contaminants in drinking water. Apart of that, the membranes are prepared with biocompatible, non-toxic materials which can be eco-friendly.


1707 Respiratory and Polysomnographic Values—Burg et al INTRODUCTION Sleep disordered breathing (SDB) is very common and is associated with poor health and cognitive outcomes in children. Problems such as failure to thrive, pulmonary hypertension, poor cognition, poor school performance, and psychiatric/ behavioral problems have been reported.1-9 Reports on the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in children range from 2% to 4%.10 However, no studies have been done at elevations significantly higher than sea level. The absence of such data makes it difficult to determine what is abnormal at different ages when sleep evaluations are conducted at altitude, and thus, uncertainty is present as to the thresholds that will guide treatment recommendations. About 6% to 8% of the world's population (400-500 million) live at elevations above 1,600 meters.11 Children who live at elevations around 1,600 meters breathe air that has (relatively) 17% less oxygen than at sea level. The barometric pressure at 1,600 meters above sea level is about 640 mm Hg and the theoretical PAO2 is 72 mm Hg, corresponding to an estimated O2 saturation of 93% under normal physiological conditions. Since the altitude-induced hypoxia will lead to hyperventilation, the corrected PAO2 will be about 81 mm Hg, corresponding to an O2 RESPIRATORY AND PSG VALUES IN NORMAL CHILDREN AT ALTITUDE


Xin'an spring is the second spring in North China. Its catchment area is 13 000 km2. On the basis of environment hydrogeological condition, the spring catchment is divided into four subsystems. The ground water quality assessment is made according to the potable water sanitary standard and pollution start and end values. It indicates that intrasystematic pore water is mostly and karst water partially contaminated.


Malignant mesothelioma is a neoplastic disease linked to asbestos exposure whose diagnosis is limited, so detection methods for an early diagnosis and treatment result essential. Here, we compared proteomic profiles of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) and benign biopsies to search potential biomarkers useful in differential diagnosis.


In the present study, two kinds of TiO2/EG composite nanocatalysts were fabricated through different procedures. Subsequently, the resulting samples were characterized through scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-visible light diffuse reflection spectrum (UV-vis DRS) and exfoliated volume (EV) measurements. Results showed that both TiO2/EG nanocatalysts displayed an obviously enhanced visible light absorbance. Besides, the S-TiO2/EG nanocatalyst exhibited higher adsorptive and photocatalytic (PC) performance than those of M-TiO2/EG sample, which was mainly attributed to the more intense visible light absorbance and well-developed porosity. Furthermore, the effects of massive ratio between TiO2 and EG and calcination temperature on the PC performances were investigated in detail. Under the optimized conditions, 89.6% of phenol solution could be degraded within 120 min visible light irradiation by S-TiO2/EG nanocatalyst.


A description is given of a few basic concepts such as L-mixing processes, and a few improved asymptotic results on offline estimators are presented. This is followed by a rate-of-convergence result for L. Ljung's scheme (1976, 1977) and strong approximation theorem which couples offline and online estimators. These previous results are applied to get the best result to date in the asymptotic theory for J. Rissansen's predictive stochastic complexity (1986, 1987, 1989). A brief review is presented of what can be done with slowly time-varying systems.<<ETX>>


Subject. The article addresses building the optimal capital structure in the face of financial globalization, taking into account the ever-changing factors of external economic and geopolitical environment, including the financial crisis.
Objectives. The purpose is to perform empirical tests of hypotheses about the nature of corporate financial leverage dependence on traditional determinants during and after the financial crisis in Russia's emerging market. I used a large data set on 49 public companies in seven leading sectors of the Russian economy from 2011 to 2017.
Methods. The study employs the correlation and regression analysis.
Results. The results of correlation and regression analysis show that the application of traditional theories of capital structure in the current conditions of financial globalization in a developing country is ineffective for forming an optimal capital structure; macroeconomic factors have a significant impact on the formation of corporate capital structures, which is particularly reflected during and after the crisis; the financial crisis has a considerable impact on the capital structure of companies; the determinant of stock market development has a real impact on leverage and plays an important role in financial decision-making after the financial crisis.
Conclusions. I revealed inverse relationship between the leverage and variable size of companies after financial crisis, which contradicts to the trade-off theory and corresponds to the pecking order theory. This supports the hypothesis that macroeconomic factors are crucial, but the variable of stock market development has increased essentially as compared to the pre-crisis period.


A 48-day multi-cycles experiment was carried out to determine the effects of repeating starvation-refeeding on the growth,body composition and digestive enzymes by feeding the artificial pellet in juvenile Megalobrama amblycephala Yih with initial weight of(4.5±0.2)g cultured in outdoor net-cages.Fish were assigned to five groups,namely the control group(daily feeding),test group S1F1(feeding every other day),test group S2F2(starvation 2 d,feeding 2 d),test group S4F4(starvation 4 d,feeding 4 d) and test group S8F8(starvation 8 d,feeding 8 d).By the end of the experiment,weight gain ratio of the test group S1F1 and S2F2 had no significant difference from that of the control group.Weight gain ratio of group S4F4 and S8F8 was significantly lower than that of the control group.However,special growth rates of all four test groups were significantly higher than that of the control group.Fish starving for 1-8ds(S1F1,S2F2,S4F4 and S8F8)mainly took fat as energy material to maintain their own metabolism and resuming feeding can make condition factor,moisture and crude protein of whole fish of the four test groups back to normal(the control group).However carcass ratio and crude fat of the fish of the four test groups are lower than those of the control group.Intestinal digestive enzyme activities of all four test groups were higher than those of the control group,and lipase was much more higher than that of the control group.And the activities of antioxidant enzymes in the liver of the fish of four test groups were higher than that of the control group.


The invention discloses an ecological combined treatment method and device for rural distributed sewage. The method comprises the steps of A) rural sewage collection and pretreatment; B) treatment by a biological filter; C) treatment by an artificial wetland and a stabilization pond; D) ecological landscape configuration. The device is characterized in that a main water inlet pipeline is respectively connected with a lattice pool and a regulation pool, the regulation pool is connected with a horizontal flow biological filter through a water distribution pipe, the horizontal flow biological filter is connected with a vertical flow biological filter through a filter screen-water distribution pipe, the vertical flow biological filter is connected with a first-level artificial wetland via a perforated water collection pipe which is horizontally arranged, the first-level artificial wetland is connected with a second-level artificial wetland through an overflow weir, the second-level artificial wetland is connected with the stabilization pond through a straight flow water drain pipe, and a main water drain pipe is arranged at the tail end of the stabilization pond. According to the method, energy consumption is not required, the operation and the maintenance are simple and convenient, and the method further has the advantages of landscape effect, economic benefits, simple structure and low investment; high-efficient purification of rural distributed domestic and farming sewage is realized, and the removal rate of nitrogen, phosphorus, COD and the like in sewage is above 80% after treatment.


Several clonal and chromosomal abnormalities have been found in peripheral T-cell lymphoma from tissues taken from biopsies (1). Sezary's lymphoma has the peculiarity that it presents with a peripheral expression of abnormal T4 lymphocytes, which offer an easy material for cytogenetical analysis. We had the opportunity to study such a Sezary's lymphoma patient. The patient was an 83-year-old woman, referred to our institute for further evaluation of leukocytosis (31 ooO/pl) and lymphocytosis (65%). The patient had a homogeneous red exfoliative skin and the peripheral blood revealed numerous pathological lymphocytes with deeply folded or cerebriform nuclei. Cytochemical analysis (P-D-glucuronidase and acid phosphatase strongly positive) as well as the immunologic markers (E rosettes + , CD3 + , CD4 + ) confirmed the T-helper cell origin of the expanded peripheral lymphocytosis. She was treated by chlorambucil and prednisone with partial response, but died from congestive heart failure 14 months after the onset of the disease. Chromosomal analysis was done on PHA-stimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes before initiation of the treatment. 10 metaphases could be analyzed, 3 of which showed a normal 46 XX karyotype. The other cells were characteristic of an abnormal clone with a model number of 44 chromosomes, including a consistent long metacentric chromosome, probably derived from a translocation of the long arm of one chromosome 1 to the long arm of chromosome 6. The other consistent finding of the abnormal clone was a partial deletion of the long arm of one chromosome 11, probably translocated to the long arm of its homologue, and a deletion of the long arm of chromosomes 2 and 15. Missing chromosomes were 8 and either 13 or 18. According to the international system for cytogenetic nomenclature, this clone is depicted: 44, XX del(1) (q12). t(lq;6q), del(2) (q22), del(7) (q22), -8, del(l1) (q21), t( l lq;l lq), del(l5) (q12), 8 (4 cells) and -13 (3 cells). These findings confirm previous studies in Sezary's syndrome which showed heteroploidy and translocations involving chromosomes 6 or 1 in abnormal clones (2), in addition to numerous structural chromosomal markers. These changes differ from those reported in other peripheral T-cell lymphomas (1, 3, 4), where structural rearrangement of chromosome 14 (break at q l l or q32) was a main finding. In T-cell lymphomas, 1 2 6 11


Background: In recent years, hexapodal external fixators and telescopic nails have improved the accuracy of limb lengthening and correction of deformities. However, careful follow-up in the postoperative period is extremely important; complications are still frequent and directly interfere with patient's outcome. Aims and Objectives: We have developed a follow-up limb lengthening reconstruction checklist. Materials and Methods: Like a flight checklist, professionals systematically record relevant data in every postoperative visit, to improve clinical management during distraction and consolidating phases. Results: LLR-Checklist was used in 53 consecutive patients, from 2006 to 2020. Average age was 11 (2-45) years. A pattern was found in the 18 patients with fibular hemimelia in relation to the use of antibiotics. Superficial infection was common. 21% of patients had delayed ossification in the regenerate. 25% of patients had nerve injuries; 9,4% of them had nerve decompression, all had total recovery. Contractures and pain improved with physical therapy. Conclusion: This checklist can improve quality in the treatment and is a valuable teaching tool for young practitioners.


Addressing Dubliners as a figure of limit to the very logic of Gilles Deleuze's Critique et clinique and to the logic of Joyce in Deleuze, my reading proposes a set of preliminary remarks on how Dubliners organizes a symptomatology of Deleuze's philosophy. What these remarks anticipate is a project of reading of Dubliners as symptomatology to the logic Joyce has organized for philosophy and psychoanalysis in Cixous, Deleuze, Derrida and Lacan.


Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging based Tractography Rafael Neto Henriques, Luis Lacerda, Rita Nunes, Marta Morgado Correia, and Hugo Alexandre Ferreira Cognition and Brain Science Unit, Medical Research Council, Cambridge, United Kingdom, Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal, Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, United Kingdom


A continuous and consistent fundamental climate data record (FCDR) from satellite observations is an essential source for climate research. In this study, a highly consistent multichannel brightness temperature (TB) FCDR during 1991–present has been developed using measurements from two Special Sensor Microwave Imagers (SSM/I) onboard F11 and F13 satellites and one Special Sensor Microwave Imager/Sounder (SSMIS) onboard F17 satellite from the U.S. Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP). The hardware differences between these instruments were corrected by a combination of several technologies including the principal component analysis (PCA), use of the third instrument as an intermediate, and the weighted average approach which takes into account interchannel covariability and observation matchup issues. After intercalibration, all imagers were homogenized with SSMIS, which was used as an observation reference. The mean biases of the recalibrated TBs for almost all channels between any two instruments are less than 0.2 K globally with the standard deviations (STDs) less than 1.2 K. This resulted in a 30-year long continuous and stable FCDR. Based on this FCDR, a long time series of column water vapor (CWV) over the global oceans was retrieved. Validation of this retrieved moisture product against reanalysis data and site measurements from radiosonde and Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) resulted in reasonably good accuracy, suggesting that the presented FCDR has high application potential for climate research.


ABSTRACT:  Thermal therapy is used worldwide in the treatment of psoriasis but few controlled studies have evaluated its efficacy and safety. We studied the efficacy and safety of balneotherapy compared to photobalneotherapy performed at Comano spa in Trentino, Italy, in chronic plaque psoriasis in a prospective, nonrandomized, open study. Three hundred adult patients with mild to severe chronic plaque psoriasis were assigned to either balneotherapy or photobalneotherapy with daily narrow‐band ultraviolet B for a mean period of 1 or 2 weeks, reflecting the times that most patients can dedicate to thermal therapy. Patients were evaluated at baseline and end of treatment for psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) and body surface area; self‐administered PASI (SAPASI) and Skindex‐29 were evaluated at the same times, and also at 4 months by a mailed questionnaire. One‐week balneotherapy or photobalneotherapy resulted in a significant reduction in PASI score (11.54% ± 2.76 and 12.76% ± 3.79, respectively; mean ± standard deviation; p < 0.001). Two‐week therapy induced a greater response with photobalneotherapy than with balneotherapy alone, with PASI reduction of 19.8% ± 24.5 and 13.5% ± 23.1 (p < 0.005), respectively. These results were confirmed by SAPASI and Skindex‐29 evaluation. The therapy was well tolerated. Skin improvement was mostly lost after 4 months. Short‐term balneotherapy and photobalneotherapy could thus be offered to patients willing to temporarily discontinue pharmacologic therapy or as adjuvant therapy.


Mankind relies on the diversity of life to provide us with food, fuel, water, oxygen, medicine and other essentials, yet this biodiversity is being lost at a greatly accelerated rate because of careless human activity. This weakens the ability of living systems to resist growing threats such as climate change, creating greater poverty through degradation of many ecosystems, both terrestrial and marine. The United Nations declared 2010 as the International Year of Biodiversity, with the aim of increasing global awareness of the intricate link between people and biodiversity—an emotional and intellectual connection that the growing urban population may have lost in spite of being entirely dependent on it. This is even the case for plant taxonomists. Our studies typically involve discoveries of species new to science, evolutionary relationships not earlier comprehended or previously unappreciated interactions of plants with other living organisms. Despite the loss of the connection between biodiversity and urban populations, it is heartening to note that some new species do achieve high levels of public attention and press coverage. Each year, for example, the International Institute for Species Exploration announces the Top 10 New Species (of animals, plants and other organisms) for the preceding year (http://species.asu.edu/Top10), providing examples of exciting new discoveries. Two plants were included on the 2009 list: a new pitcher plant from the Philippines,


As a huge transmission network,power system is always running at special conditions which have a great affection on protection.Based on the arithmetic of differential protection and simulation technique,this paper analyses the influence of the negative sequence to power system.Finally,the measure of the problem is proposed.


To quantify the theory error on 𝑅 𝐾 , essentially means to quantify the uncertainty due to QED corrections since the latter breaks lepton flavour universality through the lepton masses. Since experiment uses photon shower programs, e.g. PHOTOS , to capture QED effects, assessing the uncertainty involves investigating effects not captured by the specific use of these tools. This includes structure-dependent corrections, potentially large non-logarithmic terms and charmonium resonances entering the lower bin by migration of radiation. We are able to close in on these loopholes. For example, using gauge invariance, we show that structure-dependent QED corrections do not lead to additional (sizeable) hard-collinear logs of the form O( 𝛼 ) ln 𝑚 ℓ / 𝑚 𝐵 . Hence, from the theory point of view 𝑅 𝐾 is a safe observable.


This article analyses the growth pole theory and its application in our countrys regional development,and proposes that the government should strengthen guidance and so on.It can promote our country's region economy development healthily and continuously.


For more than 60 years efforts have been made at European level to increase the permeability of different education systems in order to improve the educational mobility of people in Europe. From the beginning, the focus has been on the acknowledgement1 and recognition2 of qualifications acquired at school (Europarat 1953) on the one hand and on the recognition of qualifications acquired in an institution of higher education on the other hand (Europarat 1956, 1959, 1990 and 1997). The field of non-traditional qualifications was not a subject of discussion at European level until the 'Convention on the recognition of qualifications concerning higher education in the European region'3 in 1997. This convention states: