Based on ongoing simulations, we update our results for low energy constants, decay constants, and light quark masses. The simulations employ three dynamical flavors of improved staggered quarks.


Bulldozers and lorries continue clearing operations in District Six as St Mark's Church stands forlornly in the background. The government plans to build a multi-million rand technikon for whites on the site, but the Anglican church, which owns the building, refuses to budge.


This study is to understand gifted students` suicidal ideation and its related variables among gifted students. For this, this study explores the relationship between maladaptive perfectionism of gifted students and suicidal ideation, confirming mediating effects of depression and academic stress. For the study 320 middle school students who were identified as the gifted at a gifted education center affiliated with the university. The results are summarized as follows. First, the fit of measurement model was found to be


In this paper, we present a novel two-step, variational and feature preserving smoothing method for terrain data. The first step computes the field of 3D normal vectors from the height map and smoothes them by minimizing a robust penalty function of curvature. This penalty function favors piecewise planar surfaces; therefore, it is better suited for processing terrain data then previous methods which operate on intensity images. We formulate the total curvature of a height map as a function of its normals. Then, the gradient descent minimization is implemented with a second-order partial differential equation (PDE) on the field of normals. For the second step, we define another penalty function that measures the mismatch between the the 3D normals of a height map model and the field of smoothed normals from the first step. Then, starting with the original height map as the initialization, we fit a non-parametric terrain model to the smoothed normals minimizing this penalty function. This gradient descent minimization is also implemented with a second-order PDE. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach with a ridge/gully detection application.


This survey article gives an insight into the methods of the geometrical reflection principle developed in order to extend a proper holomorphic map f : D → D′ between bounded domains D, D′ ⊂⊂ ℂ n with smooth real-analytic boundaries holomorphically to an open neighbourhood of even if D, D′ are not necessarily pseudoconvex.


Tracking the learning process of the students making use of the multimedia technique,it is found that the students are more conscious and more initiative to learn foreign language after using the multimedia technique.The students not only improve their ability to languages,computer application and work independently,but also establish an environment for foreign language learning.


Abstract This research takes a practical hospital healthcare system as a case study. The objective of this research is to study hospital collaboration through a quantitative research methodology: queueing theory. Based on the computed tomography (CT) patient arrival rate, CT service rate and number of CT capacity, this study uses G/G/m formulas to calculate the patient waiting time and the queue length of three non-collaborative and one collaborative queue. According to the loading balance concept, this research derives the number of the CT patients needing to be referred from one hospital to another. The real-data set is used to validate the analytical solution for the collaborative patient-referring mechanism. The collaborative patient-referring mechanism has been implemented in the case hospital healthcare system and the benefits of hospital collaboration have been analyzed. In addition, this study discusses two barriers to hospital collaboration -- lack of information technology supports and different organizational cultures


Volume LXVI, no. 2, October, 1923: The reader is asked to insert a division sign between the two numerical factors appearing in line 22 of page 233, and to read "1760" for the quotient instead of "...


The founder of political Zionism, the centenary of whose birth is being celebrated this year, had been a prominent writer and journalist before he entered his political career. He continued writing to the end of his short and busy life. The following "essay in dialogue" was written in 1893. while Herzl was covering political and cultural events in Paris for the Viennese Neue Freie Prene. Called in the original "Firnis," it was later published in the second volume of his Feuilletons. This is the first translation into English.


ABSTRACT The aim of the paper is to understand the reasons for the spread of fear, the suspension of solidarity, and the securitizing national and local context along the European migratory route. A settlement located on the Hungarian side of the Serbian-Hungarian border, heavily affected by international migration in 2015, is the focus of inquiry. The mayor of the village is a major figure in the Hungarian far-right who mobilized not only the political scene but also various segments of the media to create and legitimize a discourse involving threatened villagers (and more generally, threatened Hungarians and Europeans) and a migrant menace (perceived as non-European, non-white, and non-human). Based on an ethnographic inquiry, the paper reveals the variety of discourses and attitudes which emerged as immediate reactions to people on the move appearing in large numbers in the village. These initial reactions included empathy and a willingness to help which rapidly disappeared. The paper analyses how welcoming acts and voices were silenced and eliminated, and a hegemony of fear was constructed. It contributes to the special issue by showing how fragile solidarity with refugees can be, and how its elimination can occur if social precarity and far-right politics are combined.


Molybdenum mononitrides (MoN) exhibit superior strength and hardness among the large class of transition-metal light-element compounds, but the underlying atomistic mechanisms for their outstanding mechanical properties and the variations of those properties among various MoN phases adopting different crystal structures remain largely unexplored and require further investigation. Here we report first-principles calculations that examine the stress-strain relations of these materials, and systematically compare results under pure and indentation shear deformations. In particular, we examine the distinct bonding structures and the associated mechanical properties in four different crystal phases of MoN that have been experimentally synthesized and stabilized under various physical conditions. Our results reveal evolution patterns of bonding configurations and the resulting structural deformation modes in these MoN phases, which produce diverse stress responses and unexpected strength variations. These findings elucidate the structural and bonding characters that are responsible for the rich and distinct mechanical properties in various MoN structures, providing insights for understanding the experimentally observed phenomena and further exploring advanced superhard materials among the promising transition-metal nitrides, borides, and carbides.


Methods developed by Nathan Keyfitz and Michael A. Stoto for projecting future population growth are compared and applied to data for the Netherlands for the period 1950-1980. Reasons for the differences between the projections and actual population trends are analyzed. (ANNOTATION)


It is demonstrated on the base of comparison of the results obtained for Tanner crab from the trap and trawl surveys in the Olutorsky Gulf, the Bering Sea, that the trap surveys can provide a background for evaluation of the abundance of the large-clawed males only. The evaluated number of the small-clawed immature males (before terminal molting) from the recruitment to the commercial stock cannot give a sense about their real number. To make the number giving the sense we need to provide a regular trawl survey. Making a two-years forward forecast of the stock abundance or the TAC for Tanner crab just on the results of the trap surveys doesn't seem to be correct. The forecast of the possible catch in the current terms of making it on the base of the stock abundance assessment and the TAC assessment only without results of the trawl surveys needs revising.


Nuclear pre‐mRNA splicing has a fundamentally similar two‐step mechanism to that employed by group II self‐splicing introns. It is believed that nuclear pre‐mRNA splicing involves a network of RNA‐RNA interactions which form the catalytic core of the active spliceosome. We show here a non‐Watson‐Crick interaction between the first and last guanosine residues of a mammalian intron. As in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, substitution of the conserved guanosines at the 5′ and 3′ splice sites by A and C respectively, specifically suppresses step 2 splicing defects resulting from the individual mutations. No other combination of terminal nucleotides was able to restore splicing. We additionally provide independent evidence for an indirect interaction between other nucleotides of the consensus splice sites during step 2 of splicing. Substitution of the nucleotide in the +3 position of the 5′ splice site affects competition between closely spaced AG dinucleotides at the 3′ splice site, although the interaction is not via direct differential base pairing. Finally, we show that complete substitution of guanosine residues by inosine in a pre‐mRNA has only a modest effect upon step 2 of splicing, although earlier spliceosome assembly steps are impaired. Predictions can thus be made about the precise configuration of the non‐Watson‐Crick interaction between the terminal residues.


The first far-red emissive, two-photon fluorescent probe for nitric oxide was rationally designed and applied in detecting nitric oxide in both cells and tissues.


The effect of different environmental factors on colony diameter,spore germination rate and yield of Nomuraea rileyi MZ060806 were studied in this paper.The results showed that the effect of temperature on colony diameter,spore germination rate and yield of MZ060806 strain was positive,and the best temperature was 27 ℃,higher or lower temperature inhibited its growth;the lethal temperature was 50 ℃,10 min.The photoperiod of 24 h light could promote sporulation,and 24 h darkness could accelerate its growth of colony.The favorable pH for colony and spore germination was from 6 to 7,and the optimal relative humidity for spore germination was 70 %.Spore germination rate was 92.1 %.Under UV-light(25 W,40 cm) irradiation for 2 min,spore germination rate was 84.4 % after 24 h,and spore germination rate was zero after irradiation for 10 min.


The technology for mechanically compensating Lorentz Force detuning in superconducting RF cavities has already been developed at DESY. One technique is based on commercial piezoelectric actuators and was successfully demonstrated on TESLA cavities [1]. Piezo actuators for fast tuners can operate in a frequency range up to several kHz; however, it is very important to maintain a constant static force (preload) on the piezo actuator in the range of 10 to 50% of its specified blocking force. Determining the preload force during cool-down, warm-up, or re-tuning of the cavity is difficult without instrumentation, and exceeding the specified range can permanently damage the piezo stack. A technique based on strain gauge technology for superconducting magnets has been applied to fast tuners for monitoring the preload on the piezoelectric assembly. The design and testing of piezo actuator preload sensor technology is discussed. Results from measurements of preload sensors installed on the tuner of the Capture Cavity II (CCII )[2] tested at FNAL are presented. These results include measurements during cool-down, warm- up, and cavity tuning along with dynamic Lorentz force compensation.


This paper gives bounds for the inverse transfer function.between the jth input-output pair in an n × n multivariable feedback system when the jth loop is open and all other loops k≠ j are closed. Choice of the minimal such bounds are also studied as well as the effect of feedback gains on these bounds. These results are useful in the design of linear multi variable systems.


The character of high energy density has made shape memory alloys ( SMA) be applied in some smart structure as actuators. Compared with other actuator materials, SMA can produce larger driving force and recoverable strain. But a SMA actuator provides only limited recoverable displacement which can not cater some stretched out structure 's requirement. When multiple shear elements assembled together are actuated by SMA springs, an efficient space stretched out structure can be acquired which also can be folded by SMA springs. This structure can be designed by the bar length o f shear element, the initial angle, the terminal angle and so on; through mechanics analysis of the bars under the load of stretching or folding, a mechanics design can be implemented for SMA springs ' unfolding force and folding force; wire diameter and in termediate diameter of SMA springs also can be designed according to the driving force of SMA springs; activation efficiency of the stretched out structure can be optimized by the position layout of SMA springs, fashion layout of SMA springs and number of them. The results of experiment also indicate that the structure has a good effect for large scale unfolding or folding in plane. The structure also realizes enlargement of the limited displacement of SMA springs in some degree.


Background:  Monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL®) is a nontoxic derivative of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Salmonella minnesota R595. MPL has been used as an adjuvant in grass and tree pollen vaccines for the treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis. Little is known about the influence of MPL on cellular responses to allergens in man. We therefore studied the effects of MPL in vitro on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) obtained from patients with grass pollen hay fever.


For the last 15 plus years, in clinical practice, we have seen countless pitiful cockatoos with mild to severe feather (and sometimes beak) abnormalities, presented by heartbroken owners for diagnosis and treatment. Because these birds and their medical affliction is so common to us we have had a tendency to assume, over the years, that most Jay people have equal familiarity with this condition. Clearly such is not the case, as evidenced by the continued large number of bewildered clients we see with these birds and more recently, by correspondence with a distraught cockatoo owner in New York who had sought the help of several veterinarians and the advice of several aviculturalists regarding this problem with no resultant satisfaction. It is for these reasons that we elected to write this article. The Cockatoo Feather Loss Syndrome has several other symptoms. It has been caJJed "Cockatoo Rot;' "Beak Rot;' "Cockatoo Endocrine Syndrome;' "Psittacine Beak and Feather Disease Syndrome (PBFDS):' "White Cockatoo Disease;' "Cockatoo Feather Loss and Malformation Syndrome;' "Feather Maturation Syndrome;' "Cockatoo Apter ylos is}' and "Feather and/or Rhamphothecal and Ungual Keratodysgenesis'.' Formerly, these birds were usually "foisted onto" unsuspecting bird buyers by unscrupulous or simply ignorant sellers who usually told the prospective buyer that the bird had been "caught in tar" and that the feathers "would surely grow back," or that the bird was suffering from a "dietary deficiency" which would "straighten out" with improved husbandry, or that the bird was undergoing a "severe moult." These birds would instead exhibit a chronic, progressive deterioration of beak and feathers and most would eventually succumb to a variety of diseases. We began an intensive study of this condition about seven years ago which has included post-mortem examinations (autopsies) and clinical pathology (blood, etc.) work ups. We have not been aware of any large number of these birds that has lived more than four years, but we do know of two that have remained stable beyond this period of time. After performing over 50 autopsies, we found an extraordinarily high incidence of adrenal gland lesions with evidence of Pacheco's Disease or other causes of Inclusion Body Hepatitis in the tissues. It now appears that these lesions may have developed later in the course of the disease and were apparently secondary to the initial disease process. One of these cases was pub- lished in the Journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association.1 It is equally likely that some of the inclusion bodies noted were not associated with any disease but, instead, resulted from the storage of metabolically important materials. Ors. D.A. Pass and R.A. Perry, Australian veterinarians practicing in New South Wales, have recently studied the disease as it occurs in the wild. 2 They have diagnosed the condition in sulfur-crested cockatoos, Major Mitchell's cockatoos, little corellas, galahs (rose-breasted cockatoos), peach-faced lovebirds, Nyassa lovebirds, hooded parrots, budgerigars, mallee ring-necked parakeets, Port Lincoln parrots, red-rumped grass parakeets, lorikeets, and western rosellas. Veterinarians in the United States have seen the disease primarily in the umbrella cockatoo, moluccan cockatoo, red-vented cockatoo, Goffin's cockatoo, and in the sulfur-crested cockatoos. Ors. Pass and Perry have seen the disease in predominantly young birds and often recognize it with the arrival of the first true feathers after the loss of their down feathers. They say that occasional cases do occur in adult birds that have not previously been noticed as having abnormal feathers. Local Australian trappers have told Dr. Pass that up to 20% of wild sulfurcrested cockatoos may be affected in some flocks. The sulfur-crested cockatoos seem to be the most commonly affected wild hosts. Abnormal feathering (most notably incomplete maturation of new feathers) occurs in all species but changes in the beak are the most prominent in the white cockatoos and may not be as noticeable in many of the other species. We have seen severe beak changes in most of the cockatoo species we have observed in practice. Affected birds lose down and contour feathers over most areas of the body. Ors. Pass and Perry described feather loss as roughly symmetrical with the normal plumage replaced progressively by abnormal feathers exhibiting one or more of the following characteristics: retained feather sheaths, blood retained within the shaft of the feathers, short clubbed feathers, curled and deformed feathers, stress or fault lines involving the feather vanes, and newly emerging feathers with a circumferential constriction at the base of the soft quill. This constriction of the soft feather base is what we most commonly notice in our practice and is what the client may describe as "feathers pinching off half way and breaking off.'' Lesions also occur in primary and secondary flight feathers, and major tail feathers but these may not be evident until the bird has lost many contour feathers. Essential crest feathers of sulfur-crested cockatoos are often the first to be lost. 2 Ors. Pass and Perry have observed that lesions involving the beaks of wild birds tend to start as a change in color from "gray to dark semi-gloss black'.' This is followed by progressive elongation of the upper and lower beaks, development of transverse fracture lines across the top beak and longitudinal splits in the upper and lower beaks. Uneven wear, chips, and fractures impair eating. The upper beak may become progressively undermined and chronically inflamed leading to constant tongue action and nibbling. The surface begins to bleed easily and has a tendency to become infected. Eventually these birds are unable to crack and eat seed and require a diet of soft foods. Some birds undergo toenail changes, but this isn't as common a finding. The lesions occurring in the feathers, beak, and nails are similar. The major lesions of the Feather Loss Syndrome occur in the developing feather shaft. Investigators have found cells with cytoplasmic inclusions within the pulp and epidermal layers.2·3 Death of cells of the distal pulp and lining cells and bleeding into the distal shaft occurs, effectively choking off the developing feathers. The exact cause of these changes is not yet known, but the presence of specific types of inflammatory cells and the presence of the aforementioned inclusion bodies strongly suggest the disease is infectious and probably viral in origin. Dr. Linda Lowenstine of the University of California at Davis feels the disease is linked to a parvovirus (not the same one as in dogs or cats).4 Dr. Elliot Jacobson, of the University of Florida, is also involved in investigating this intriguing but devastating disease. He has found' 'intracytoplasmic crystalline arrays'' composed of viral particles in the feather follicles of affected Moluccan and triton cockatoos. Attempts are being made to isolate this virus in tissue culture. He warns us that the virus he is seeing may not be the primary cause of the disease and that isolation of a virus in tissue culture and transmission studies would be necessary to confirm a cause and effect relationship. 5


Methods and apparatus for time tracking using assistance from TDM pilots in a communication network. In an aspect, a method is provided for time tracking in a device operating on a communication network, wherein the device performs a time tracking algorithm. The method includes determining a delay spread, and modifying at least one parameter used by the time tracking algorithm based on the delay spread. In another aspect, an apparatus is provided for time tracking in a device operating on a communication network, wherein the device performs a time tracking algorithm. The apparatus includes computation logic for determining a delay spread, and control logic for modifying at least one parameter used by the time tracking algorithm based on the delay spread.


The 2-2.8 μm vertically stacked multiple-junction PIN GalnAsSb/GaSb photodetectors are analyzed, optimized, and designed based on an improved general mode to predict the optimal performance of PIN infrared photodetectors arising from nonequilibrium carrier generation, diffusion, and recombination theory. Optimal thickness of intrinsic absorption region (Wopt), response quantum efficiency (RQE), detectivity (D*), and -3-dB cutoff frequency (f_3dB) are calculated and optimized for a 2-2.8 μm room-temperature high-frequency operation. Ways to achieve optimal performance in practice, material, and device structures are proposed. The optimized vertically stacked multiple-junction PIN GalnAsSb/GaSb photodetector structure shows a D* of (1.6-1.9) × 1012 cm· Hz1/2/W,an RQE of 52%-69%, and a f- 3 dB ≫ 20 GHz with Wopt = 3 μm and junction number K = 5, effective illumination area Ad = 1000 μm2, and reverse bias voltage VRB = 0.5 V. The proposed general model is validated by simulation and measurement data of fabricated single-junction detectors.


Juno's "Perijove 1" (27 August 2016) and "Perijove 3" (11 December 2016) flybys through the innermost region of Jupiter's magnetosphere (radial distances <2 Jovian radii, 1.06 RJ at closest approach) provided the first in situ look at this region's radiation environment. Juno's Radiation Monitoring Investigation collected particle counts and noise signatures from penetrating high‐energy particle impacts in images acquired by the Stellar Reference Unit and Advanced Stellar Compass star trackers, and the Jupiter Infrared Auroral Mapper infrared imager. This coordinated observation campaign sampled radiation at the inner edges of the high‐latitude lobes of the synchrotron emission region and more distant environments. Inferred omnidirectional >5 MeV and >10 MeV electron fluxes derived from these measurements provide valuable constraints for models of relativistic electron environments in the inner radiation belts. Several intense bursts of high‐energy particle counts were also observed by the Advanced Stellar Compass in polar regions outside the radiation belts.


H T ISTORICAL understanding often consists in dividing people of the past into categories, and new understanding sometimes requires new categories. Study of the so-called Critical Period of American history has got along for some time now on categories that have begun to inhibit understanding instead of assisting it. It once seemed to make sense to divide men of the I780's into two opposing groups: on the one hand, aristocrats, large planters, wealthy merchants, and speculators, who hoped to promote their interests through strengthening the central government; on the other hand, democrats, artisans, small farmers, debtors, who hoped to promote their interests by keeping the central government weak. The overthrow of Charles Beard's work has diminished the plausibility of this division, but new categories have not yet been devised. What the old ones tend to obscure, among other things, is the rational approach to political problems displayed by a good many men of the time. When we read the debates at Philadelphia, our categories lead us to look for the interest groups concealed beneath every argument and to neglect the substance of the arguments themselves. We are likely to assume that we have understood a man's ideas when we have found a correlation with his economic interests and social status. But one exciting thing about the period of the I780's is the extraordinary political sophistication of the men who lived through it. They had had more experience in dealing with major problems of political thought than any other generation of Americans, and they were extremely articulate in discussing what they had learned. Perhaps we should turn aside, for a time at least, from the question of who they were and whom they represented and look for new organizing principles in what they thought. In examining the different ways that men grappled with the problems of republican government in a new nation, we may perhaps discover new categories that can assist understanding of the Confederation period. The pamphlet that follows is reprinted as a little known example of a kind of political thinking that existed in the I78o's and that was later evident in the Philadelphia convention. The author is unknown, and a pre-


Environmental interpretation can improve sustainability by mitigating the negative impacts of nature-based recreation. However, we do not fully understand the psychological factors that influence interpretation's efficacy in changing human behaviours. Specifically, the role of emotions has been understudied within environmental psychology and nature-based recreation. This study, therefore, provides further insight into the psychological processes driving pro-environmental behavioural intentions among overnight visitors attending personal interpretation programs in provincial parks in Alberta, Canada. In 2018 and 2019, we surveyed 763 attendees of personal interpretation events. We used latent variable structural regression modeling to test the hypothesized relationships between ecological worldview, attitudes, emotions, and pro-environmental behaviours. As predicted, there were positive relationships between worldviews, affective and cognitive attitudes, and emotions; these variables and knowledge gain were positively associated with pro-environmental behaviours. Findings suggest that interpretation should focus programming on the affective elements of communication, target personal meaning such as responsibility to act, and continue to transmit knowledge.


Refractory neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) is defined when intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injection therapy results in poor response. Treatment of refractory patients determines the success or failure of treatment for nAMD. In this article, we present the definition and mechanism of refractory nAMD, and address various possible therapeutic approaches that can overcome refractoriness, such as switching drugs, increasing injection dosage or frequency, and combination therapy with photodynamic therapy or intravitreal steroid injection.


As a main paradigm in researching the upgrade of industry cluster,the global value chain analysis paradigm has certain limitations.Cluster industrial chain is a very good perspective in researching the upgrade of industrial clusters.The evolution and upgrade path is different to different types of clusters of industry chain.In this paper,comprehensively uses industrial economics,economic geography,industrial chain theory,industrial cluster theory and many other cross-disciplinary research methods to analyze comparatively the characteristics of endogenous and exogenous clusters of industry chain from many aspects,such as product chain,knowledge chain,value chain,industry forces and management mode so as to explore the high-grade and upgrade path of two industry chains in the basis of clusters of industry chain.The research findings help to strengthen group chain targeted and effectively policies to promote the health of the cluster industrial chain development.


"The purpose of this paper is to propose a program of supervision for school counselors and to outline some of its practical implica tions. The emphasis is on the full-time and fully-trained counselor, but the general super visory model proposed here would be equally applicable to part-time or partially-trained counselors."


It is a well-established fact that massive cosmological objects exhibit a ``geometrical bias'' that boosts their spatial correlations with respect to the underlying mass distribution. Although this geometrical bias is a simple function of mass, this is only half of the story. We show using numerical simulations that objects that are in the midst of accreting material also exhibit a ``temporal bias,'' which further boosts their clustering far above geometrical bias levels. These results may help to resolve a discrepancy between spectroscopic and clustering mass estimates of Lyman Break Galaxies, a population of high-redshift galaxies that are caught in the act of forming large numbers of new stars.


• Dirofilaria is a parasite among dogs. Although it is quite rare, it can affect humans and be the cause of the so called sub-cutaneous dirofilariasis. Due to the gradual increase of the temperatures, this exotic parasite most probably will become more common in Europe. • In the case of every non-tender nodule, even intraorally, the clinicians should suspect dirofilariasis. The lack of elevated eosinophils in the peripheral blood does not exclude the diagnosis. The eosinophilia is a diagnostic marker only in the rare cases of intact tissue parasite. Case history


Ceramic electrical insulator waste from cracking in manufacture and transport or expiration in undertaking of the Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT) is a problem to dispose and to find the storage area. This waste is piling up every year therefore to study the feasibility of utilization of finely ground ceramic electrical insulator as a pozzolan in concrete mixture. In this study, chemical composition and fineness of ceramic electrical insulator powder, water requirement, compressive strength, strength activity index, porosity and coefficient of absorption were investigated. The mortar containing 10, 20, 30 and 40% ceramic electrical insulator powder by partial cement replacement was used to compare with plain mortar controlling similar flow of 110 ? 5 %. The results indicated that the ceramic electrical insulator powder could be used as a pozzolan by replacing cement up to 30% by weight of binder. The incorporation of ceramic electrical insulator powder had increased the porosity of mortar whereas the coefficient of water absorption decreased with the increased ceramic electrical insulator powder replacement.


Described the burrowing behaviour of Pitymys duodecimcostatus in captivity. The digging patterns have been found to be different from those reported in earlier papers. Nine different behaviour patterns were recorded, five of them directly linked to the burrowing activity and the other being unrelated. The burrowing sequence was studied with respect to the five patterns directly related with the burrowing behaviour


ABSTRACT Kindergarten teachers face the challenge of balancing traditional developmental programming and contemporary academic standards. In classrooms following a play-based learning framework, academic content such as literacy is to be taught within children's play. However, educators have reported conceptual and practical challenges with integrating play and literacy. Although the educative contexts of direct instruction, teacher-guided play, and child-directed free play have been individually examined and endorsed for promoting early literacy, the enactment of literacy behaviors across these contexts in kindergarten has not been widely examined. The current study investigated teacher perspectives on play and literacy development and the resulting integration of literacy behaviors across educative contexts. Semistructured teacher interviews and video data were collected in 12 participating classrooms. Results revealed three common challenges with integrating play and literacy learning: direct instruction plays a key instructional role, play is less structured and difficult to plan, and feeling uncertain how to implement guided play. These challenges were reflected in the differing frequencies of literacy behaviors observed across contexts. These results point to the need for additional research and teacher training with respect to implementing guided play for literacy learning, as well as strategies for balancing direct instruction with play-based approaches.


This paper documents the biostratigraphic distribution and abundance of diatoms from sites drilled during Ocean Drilling Program Leg 178, off the Pacific margin of the Antarctic Peninsula. Drift sediments cored on the continental rise at Sites 1095, 1096, and 1101 have good recovery and a well-defined paleomagnetic record. Well-preserved diatoms are present throughout the upper Miocene to middle Pliocene and in the upper Quaternary section of these sites. The stratigraphic occurrence of diatom species through these intervals defines numerous datum levels. Diatom events are given absolute age estimates through direct correlation to the established paleomagnetic stratigraphy of Sites 1095, 1096, and 1101. Leg 178 diatom biostratigraphic results enable the development of a regional stratigraphic framework for the Pacific sector of the Southern Ocean and record the interaction of open-ocean and shelf-margin diatom floras.


For more than a century many paleontologists, biologists, paleoecologists, and archaeologists have contended that Equus species (American horse) became extinct on the North American continent by about 13,000 calibrated years BP – all part of the Late Pleistocene (Ice Age) extinction event. The paleontological project presented here that focuses on Equus from Rancho Carabanchel, San Luis Potosí, México became chronologically intriguing to us in having the horse consistently radiometrically dating into the Holocene, well beyond the presumed extinction event. Our approach to this observation was to conduct successive radiocarbon dates (n=19) tied as closely as possible to fossil remains and to stratigraphic units. The remains of the extant horse, Equus caballus, were recovered only in the upper-most Unit I while the extinct Equus cf. mexicanus, E. cf. conversidens, and E. cf. tau were recovered from the underlying Units II – VI of the late Holocene to approximately 45,000 calibrated years ago. We discuss how our data adds to the growing information which implies that horses may have persisted in this region of México well after the classical Late Pleistocene extinction event. Our conclusions may well illustrate that the extinction episode was actually a process lasting well into the Holocene and was not the event that many paleoecologists and archaeologist envision.


The operating voltage of PS‐BPLCs could be reduced by using host nematic liquid crystals with extremely large ΔnXΔε One of the PS‐BPLCs showed 23V of Vmax and 800 of contrast ratio using IPS electrode with 10μm of spaces, which should be driven by normal driver if electrode design is optimized On the other hands, such PS‐BPLCs with large Δε also took a long charging time to be charged enough as a side effect. This charging problem has to be solved by improvement of materials, devices and driving method so that low voltage PS‐BPLCs will be widely used


This study aims to explain the leadership applied by the Leadership of Muhammadiyah Sragen. This study uses a qualitative approach, with descriptive method that explains all data obtained such as observations, interviews, shooting results, document analysis, field notes, which are not poured in form and numbers. In addition through this method is also done data analysis by enriching the information, looking for relationships, compare, find patterns on the basis of the original data (not transformed in the form of numbers). The results of data analysis in the form of exposure on the situation under study presented in the form of narrative descriptions. The nature of data exposure generally answers the questions of why and how a phenomenon occurs. From the results of the discussion can be drawn the conclusion that the type of leadership applied by the leadership of Muhammadiyah Sragen is collective collegial leadership. Important policies and decisions within organizations must be through consultation or system-based collectivity. Collective collegial leadership type of Muhammadiyah Sragen leadership is done so that every decision making is made more carefully and considering various objective aspects. Organizational decisions of Muhammadiyah Sragen lack of subjectivity because no one can dominate


In this paper, we propose a hybrid no-reference video quality measurement method for H.264. Although there is a strong need from the industry for no-reference models that don't require reference signals, developing reliable no-reference models for perceptual video quality assessment has been a challenging goal. On the other hand, in most digital video transmission, encoded video signals are transmitted in video packets, which can provide valuable information about coding parameters and transmission errors. The proposed hybrid noreference models uses both the information available from video packets and decoded signals to estimate coding artefacts and impairments caused by transmission errors. Sometime, the payloads of video packets may be encrypted to protect contents. In such case, the available information is rather limited. The proposed method was independently tested against large databases and shows good performance.


It took carring out status quo of Health Qigong in the national colleges and universities as the study object,observed four Health Qigong championships from 2010 to 2013 through the scene,and carried on the interview and the research to the athletes and the trainers in the field to realize the present situation and trend of Health Qigong in the national colleges and universities,and discussed the arise problem in the development. It also put forward the countermeasures and suggestions for better popularization of Health Qigong in the national colleges and universities.


the north of the town and trucked down winding mountain roads to mills located in the town on the red gum plains. The population of Heyfield grew rapidly as the Royal Commission's recommendations were converted into government policy and implemented. By 1949 Heyfield's population had increased to around 2000 from a base of 470 in 1947. l It was to this revitalised timber town of Heyfield that the researchers came in 1965.


The relationship of periventricular-intraventricular hemorrhage in infants of <32 weeks gestation to the occurrence of disability at 5 years of age was studied in a National Collaborative Survey in the Netherlands.


Recently, because of the increased oil prices globally, there have been studies investigating the improvement of fuel-conversion efficiency in internal combustion engines. The improvements realized in thermal efficiency using lean combustion are essential because they enable us to realize higher thermal efficiency in gasoline engines because lean combustion leads to an increase in the heat-capacity ratio and a reduction of the combustion temperature. Gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines enable lean combustion by injecting fuel directly into the cylinder and controlling the combustion parameters precisely. However, the extension of the flammability limit and the stabilization of lean combustion are required for the commercialization of GDI engines. The reduction characteristics of three-way catalysts (TWC) for lean combustion engines are somewhat limited owing to the high excess air ratio and low exhaust gas temperature. Therefore, in the present study, we assess the reaction of exhaust gases and their production in terms of the development of efficient TWCs for lean-burn GDI engines at 2000 rpm / BMEP 2 bar operating conditions, which are frequently used when evaluating the fuel consumption in passenger vehicles. At the lean-combustion operating point, NO2 was produced during combustion and the ratio of NO2 increased, while that of N2O decreased as the excess air ratio increased.


The catalog of Reed-Solomon (RS) codes is a rather long one. To select a proper code for a given application, the system designer is compelled to deal with numerous tables, graphs and equations. We have reported our result of designing an artificial neural network (NN) from which one can select the most "efficient" unmodified RS code for a specific application. In this article we present the continuation of our work, in development of an artificial NN database for selection of shortened RS codes for a given application. A student version of the MATLAB Neural Networks Toolbox is used for NN simulation. The Levenberg-Marquardt learning algorithm is used to train the NN. The resultant NN has five inputs, nine units in the hidden layer, and two units in the output layer. The outputs are the shortened "n" and "k". The test data results show the accuracy of selecting the correct code length and code dimension is 84.4% for shortened codes.


This essay explores the way in which the epic genre serves as a restorer of narrative flow. Using Homer's Odyssey as a model, it will be argued that epic has a fathering function over stories, giving them their patterns and their place in the world. Focusing especially on the relationship between Odysseus and Telemachos, this article will utilize the post-Jungian notions of the senex and the puer to explain what a good father, or in this case a good epic, looks like. Like Telemachos and Odysseus, one too young to defend his kingdom and the other too far to combat his enemies, plots can be caught up in stagnant puer or senex storylines. Stories that are caught in the puer archetype are energetic but lack direction, while stories that are caught in the senex archetype have structure but lack movement. In both cases, the story goes nowhere. Epic literature acts like a father, heals the split between the puer and senex aspects of stories and thus weaves (like Athena, Odysseus patron goddess) the energy of the puer with the structure of the senex. It is the integration of these two narrative aspects—solid structure and youthful impetus—what allows a plot to flow in a meaningful way.  *Editorial support was facilitated by: Morgaan Sinclair


Visual observations of the behavior of over 150 loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta) were collected over a period of 2 weeks during a seismic survey in the Mediterranean Sea off Algeria in September and October 2009. All turtles were observed during active operation of an airgun array that had a peak source level of 252 dB re 1 μPa. Recordings from three hull‐mounted hydrophones allowed concurrent estimation of near‐surface airgun array source signatures and sound exposure levels. Of the 53% of turtles that were successfully visually tracked until they had passed more than 100 m behind the seismic vessel, 51% dived at or before their closest point of approach to the airgun array. Among animals that dived, approximately 20% did so immediately following an airgun shot, often showing a startle response that was clearly distinguishable from the predominant basking behavior. Turtle dive probability as a function of distance from the airgun array and sound exposure level will be considered in detail. The observ...


For efficient aerodynamic design optimization, a discrete adjoint code is developed from an unstructured hybrid mesh Navier-Stokes solver. The adjoint code is verified by comparison of flux Jacobian and objective function gradient with a finite difference method. An aerodynamic design tool is developed utilizing the flow solver, adjoint code and a gradient-based optimizer and applied to a design example of a high-lift device. Use of prism layer grid sensitivities is suggested for more efficient gradient calculation from the adjoint analysis of Navier-Stokes equations with unstructured hybrid mesh.


LPS is well recognized for its potent capacity to activate mouse macrophages to produce TNF-α, an important inflammatory mediator in bacterial infection-related diseases such as septic shock. We demonstrate here that while inducing only low levels of TNF-α alone, DNA from both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria synergizes with subthreshold concentrations of LPS (0.3 ng/ml) to induce TNF-α in the RAW 264.7 macrophage-like cell line. The bacterial DNA effects are mimicked by synthetic CpG-containing oligodeoxynucleotides, but not non-CpG-containing oligodeoxynucleotides. Pretreatment of macrophages with either DNA for 2–8 h inhibits macrophage TNF-α production in responses to DNA/LPS. However, when pretreatment was extended to 24 h, DNA/LPS synergy on TNF-α is further enhanced. RT-PCR analysis indicates that mRNA levels of the TNF-α gene, however, are not synergistically induced by bacterial DNA and LPS. Analyses of the half-life of TNF-α mRNA indicate that TNF-α message has a longer half-life in bacterial DNA- and LPS-treated macrophages than that in bacterial DNA- or LPS-treated macrophages. These findings indicate that the temporally controlled, synergistic induction of TNF-α by bacterial DNA and LPS is not mediated at the transcriptional level. Instead, this synergy may occur via a post-transcriptional mechanism.


The world is out of control. Never before did so many people have so many divergent ideas as to how they should get along together. The earlier methods of evaluating the social and economic relations of man mean almost nothing today. This problem is accentuated in the Far East, where such an understanding is fundamental to the future welfare of the Japanese people. On August 15, 1945, all America celebrated the victory over Japan. In New York City, the jamming, shuffling crowds on the streets were ankle deep in torn paper which had been tossed from the windows of the skyscrapers. The paper had floated to the streets during the holiday celebration, like a veritable paper snow storm. This paper was not entirely the residues from wastepaper baskets and used newspapers. Many enthusiastic offices actually tore up their unused writing and tissue papers in order to give added vent to their enthusiasm. The next day, the Sanitary Department of New York City reported that they had collected 5,438 tons of wastepaper from these streets. The people of the United States appear to have considered paper a plentiful and cheap commodity. But let us look at the other side of the story. Japan, now a defeated nation, was struggling over many difficuties to produce 3,631 tons of paper of all kinds during the same eventful month of August, 1945. In other words, Japan was able to produce in one month only about two-thirds of the paper wasted in New York City in that one day of victory celebration. The contrast could not be more spectacular. The Americans on V-J Day cared little about the welfare of the Japanese, while today, we are spending millions of dollars trying to bring about the economic recovery of Japan. When the Department of the Army, in June, 1946, asked me to go to Japan and assist General Douglas MacArthur in the recovery of the pulp and paper industry, it was difficult to obtain factual information. America knew little about the Japanese paper situation. Consequently, I entered upon an assignment relatively free of known compli-


PreviewThe ironic situation of having a patient respond badly to something given for therapeutic or diagnostic purposes is not uncommon. Dr Stafford discusses three types of agents that can cause reactions—radiographic contrast media, local anesthetics, and intravenous muscle relaxants—and gives a management approach for each.


The oil agentis one of important assistant agents for production of high performance carbon fibers .It can form an uniform film on each single fiber surface. The film can prevent cohering of single fiber and surface abrasion of fibers, thus, the defects on fibers surface can be avoided .It is one important measure to improve precursor and carbon fibers properties.


A new-type manipulator special for steel pipe printing has been designed according to the requirements of the main movements and functions for pipe printing.The 3D model of the manipulator has been built using Autodesk Inventor software.The static strength of its key parts,lifting platform and telescopic boom,has been analyzed using ANSYS Workbench software,and their structures have been optimized,improving the printing sensitivity and reliability.This new-type manipulator can not only be used for steel pipe printing,but also for printing of the inner and outer surfaces of other tubular goods and coils of strip.


In order to evaluate the economic (DA= Algerian Dinar; 1 Euro= 100 DA in 2011) performance of beef farms, this study, carried out on a sample of 102 farms in the grand Cheliff (Algeria) during 2011, resulted in the distinction of 3 classes (A,B,C) of farms. Class A farms showed the lowest production costs (482.39 DA) compared to class B and C pointing respectively 581.31 DA and 585.58 DA. The average unit selling price of live bovine was 600.93 DA/kg. The lowest cost price (465 DA/kg) was presented by Class A farms, whereas the highest (572.92 DA/kg) was shown by Class C farms. The average gross profit per head of livestock over the year 2011 was 78 241.16 DA, ranging between a minimum of 60 706 DA/head (Class C farms) and a maximum of 91 486 DA/head (Class B farms). As a result, Class A farms was considered the best performing class as it showed the lowest production costs, compared to class B farms C under onerous conditions, following the various difficulties and constraints of either local or imported production factors.


India has moved towards the ranks of big developing countries through unremitting efforts of generations of leaders since its independence in 1947.As the earliest postwar leader of India,Nehru pointed out explicitly that India would be a dramatic and impressive power in The Discovery of India.In light of Indian postwar decades of development history,this goal has been Indian basic pursuing.India has accelerated the realization of course of liberalisation,marketization and internationalization since the 1990s.Then it becomes a noticeable force of the international community with the rising of regional power.In the future development,the Indian rise could bring profound influence to South Asian and Sino-Indian relations and be considered to be one of the important events of the 21st century.


During their existence and development, new colleges and universities in west China are encountered with lack of information determination resources, human (intellectual) resources, financial and property resources as well as time and space resources. It is necessary to create in order to get rid of the predicament. According to the reality of its resources and in compliance to the contemporary development trend of higher education, our university, by combining students' training, scientific research and social service, sets up an optimization model of school-running resources for new colleges and universities, that is, by means of the three platforms of students' training, scientific research and social service, build a bridge for domestic cooperation, a bridge for international exchange and a bridge for social interaction, and with intellectual resources optimization as a theme and a creation and development strategy, realize an all-round optimization of school-running resources, create an environment helpful to development, raise the university's status and form a good circulation in order to realize a sustainable development of the university.


DOCUMENT RESUME 24 AC 008 250 Laub, Julian Martin The Educational Institution as an Instrument of Change in Rural Community Development Policy: A Study of the Socio-Economic Impact of the College in New York State. Cornell Univ., Ithaca, N.Y. Dept. of City and Regional Planning. BR-8-B-011 Jan 70 OEC-0-8-080011-3487 298p.; Ph.D. Thesis EDRS Price MF-$1.25 HC-$15.00 College Faculty, *Colleges, College Students, Community Planning, *Community Size, Commuting Students, Doctoral Theses, Employees, Employment, Family Income, Housing, Purchasing, Regional Planning, Research, *Rural Development, *Social Influences, *Socioeconomic Influences Alfred (New York), Cortland (New York), *New York State When a college is located in a rural area, its input to that community includes social, economic, political, psychological, and physical factors. The prime purpose of this study was to describe the socioeconomic impact of the college on rural communities of New York State, particularly the New York State University College at Alfred (small village) and at Cortland (rural city, 19,181 pop.) and to predict institution-related inputs which were basic to this impact. The interaction and incidence of this input were studied relative to economic factors (purchases of food, clothing, furniture, amusement, and housing); to social factors (politics, local policy, and social ties) ; and enrollment and commutation of students. Some of the findings were: input for staff members varied with town size in public colleges but was high in private colleges; the proportion of local students commuting varied with surrounding areas but dropped to zero at 35 miles; college purchasing dollars were diffused into the surrounding area particularly when a small town was near a large city; and the college has impact on the town; the town, on the region; and conversely regional development affects the town and the city. (This document will be available from University Microfilms.) (PT) NELL DISSERTATIONS IN PLANNING U.S, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION $ WELFARE OFFICE OF EDUCATION THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN REPRODUCED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED FROM THE PERSON OR ORGANIZATION ORIGINATING IT. POINTS OF VIEW OR OPINIONS STATED DO NOT NECESSARILY REPRESENT OFFICIAL OFFICE OF EDUCATION POSITION OR POLICY, EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION AS AN OF CHANGE RURAL OMMU Y DEVELOP NT POLICY: Y OF T S CIO-ECONOMIC A OF THE COLLEGE IN NE YO STA


This presentation emphasizes the quantitative analysis of space in relation to hedonic housing price models. Three aspects of space will be highlighted: i) spatial heterogeneity (spatial patterns): hedonic housing amenities may be valued differently in different locations which are related to specific housing sub-markets; ii) spatial dependence (spillovers): the degree by which price increases (or decreases) in a given sub-market is influenced by other sub-markets, or by another property within the same sub-market. iii) spatial scale: the study of heterogeneity and spillovers crucially depends on the level of geographical scale at which submarkets are defined. In the literature the difficulty of defining sub-markets and understanding the relationship between them is broadly identified, and appropriate methods for defining housing markets are also presented. However, there is not a consensus on which methodologies should be used. As a contribution to understand spatial structure (heterogeneity and spillovers) in urban spaces some empirical results will be presented. A new methodology to analyse spatial spillovers [rather than an ex ante definition of a spatial weight matrix (W)] will be developed. This procedure based on non-parametric approach will be applied to a rich database. An interesting outcome of this methodology is possibility of finding meaningful values of negative interaction.


IDM measurements carried out in Uppsala sometimes show violent changes in refraction over short periods of time. The explanation for these changes might be found if the dynamics of atmospheric turbulence is taken into consideration. It is too early to make scientific conclusions from the material collected so far, but observations show the way this particular problem can be handled in the future. The paper presented, reflects some of the turbulence effects achieved by the IDM instrument constructed by prof. E. Tengstrom.


Definitions of "full recovery" from anorexia nervosa (AN) vary, and rarely include the cognitive criteria of lack of body image distortion and fear of weight gain. We investigated the implications of including or excluding cognitive criteria of AN in the definition of "full recovery". Current symptomatology and personality characteristics associated with AN were assessed and compared in 42 behaviorally but not cognitively recovered women, 32 both behaviorally and cognitively recovered women, and 253 controls. On all measures included, the scores of the behaviorally recovered women were significantly more anorexic-like than those of the women recovered cognitively as well, who were indistinguishable from controls. Criteria for recovery from AN need to be refined and standardized, and cognitive criteria incorporated, to characterize a minority who recover to the extent that their eating attitudes and personality profiles are indistinguishable from those of women with no history of an eating disorder.


The sociological conception of aesthetic capital refers to relations of physical appearance and its sanctions that appear at the level of society. In other words, certain forms of physical appearance are systematically valued and sanctioned in certain ways, which makes such appearances function as social currencies or capital (see Kukkonen, Chapter 1). From large-scale statistical data, we can detect the macro-level powers of that capital: how different aspects of appearance (for example, attractiveness, symmetry or fatness) are related to unequal outcomes in many aspects as well as they show how our relationships to appearance reflect social (class) structures in many ways (e.g., Vandebroeck, 2016). However, it is also important to look on the level of lived lives to better understand how these differencing mechanisms appear in actual experiences and how appearances and capital are interrelated. In this chapter, I will approach aesthetic capital without predetermined measurements and turn the examination on the subjective level – perceptions and narrations of how appearance has affected the lives of individuals. I focus on the individual narratives and explanations of the consequences of physical appearance in narrators' lives in the autobiographical appearance narratives. The aim is to open up the process of appearance turning into capital by shifting the focus onto individual perspectives and to ponder whether these perspectives could broaden the understanding of how appearance-related inequalities are generated on the larger scale.


This paper aims to provide quantitative statistics and a comprehensive review of the key ináuential and intellectual structure of asymmetric volatility and leverage e§ect in the stock market. This study reviews 271 articles and review papers published in scientiÖc journals indexed by the Scopus database from 1994 to 2021. VOSviewer and Excel software are used to analyse the collected data and apply the bibliometric tests such as citation analysis of documents, source, authors, institutions and countries, Co-occurrence analysis of author keywords, co-authorship and Bibliographic coupling of authors, source and countries. By analysing the growth in this topic, during the Örst 10 years, the publication in this topic was considerably less. After that, until 2020, the growth is remarkable. Further, the study identiÖes the most ináuential and impactful authors, journals, institutions, and countries to asymmetric volatility and leverage e§ect in the stock market. To the best of the authorís knowledge, this is one of the Örst papers to address the literature of asymmetric volatility and leverage e§ect in the stock market from a bibliometric aspect. It helps researchers and other academicians to explore and build a quantitative base regarding the scientiÖc development of asymmetric volatility and leverage e§ect in the stock market.


Object detection has reached strong performance in the last decade, having seen its usage spreading to various application areas, such as medicine, transportation, sports, and others. However, one of the more underutilized areas where advanced detection methods have yet to fully fulfill their promise is in the area of agriculture, where a strong potential exists for applying learned models to achieve practical, real-world impact affecting a large number of people. In this work, we focus on this application area and consider the problem of orchard guidance for ground robots, focusing on obstacle and plant detection from RGB camera images. First, we present an overview of public data sets used to train models to detect relevant objects from camera images and other sensor inputs. Then we introduce a novel data set collected in blueberry orchards that contains camera images in various conditions and provides blueberry bushes as targets for detection. The introduced data set provides the research community with a novel task of blueberry bush detection, which was not commonly considered thus far due to the lack of relevant data sets. We describe a detailed analysis of the data set, and finally provide an experimental study with several state-of-the-art deep object detection models, that set a baseline for the performance on this novel data set. The data set is made available online, enriching the variability of the existing tasks in the field and supporting further development of smart agriculture applications.


Twenty-five years ago, I wrote my doctoral dissertation on the life and piano works of Deodat de Severac (1872-1921), a contemporary of Debussy and Ravel, widely honored in his lifetime but consigned almost to oblivion some forty years after his death. In the quarter century since I embarked on my efforts to bring him some of the recognition that was his due, two complete series of recordings of his entire piano oeuvre have been released; an Association of Friends of Deodat de Severac has been established; a new biography is in the works; an earlier one by Joseph Canteloube, never before published, will soon be in print. For the last few years, his home town, St. Felix, has been the site of summer chamber music festivals; and soon, his birthplace will become a museum of memorabilia of the composer and his friends. De Severac produced a corpus of piano works that reveal his deep love of the countryside in southwestern France, near Spain. These pieces bear titles similar to those of Albeniz, whose assistant he was for a few years at the Schola Cantorum, the school established in Paris in 1890 by Charles Bordes (1863-1909) and Vincent d'Indy (1851-1931). They also contain some of the color and picturesque quality of Mussorgsky's Pictures at an Exhibition. But one hardly acquired fame through the composition of piano pieces, and like every other musician at the beginning of the century, Severac recognized that to attain any kind of eminence would require the composition of at least one opera for Paris. He wrote not one but two in that genre: Le Coeur du moulin, produced in 1909 at the Opera-Comique and Heliogabale, performed at the arena in Beziers in 1910. In 1907, as a new graduate of the Schola, Severac entered the mainstream of music and musicians in Paris and apparently was promised a performance of Le Coeur du moulin, an event that did not occur until two years later. After the successful outdoor performance of Heliogabale - fifteen thousand crowded into the arena to hear the opera - the French cellist and conductor Louis Hasselmans (1878-1957) determined to present a concert version at the Salle Gaveau in Paris, using several of the Cobla players from Ceret (another town in the south of France, where Severac. lived for a time) to give the work an authentic folkloric air. Severac's works met with considerable success and for a time he joined the ranks of celebrated musicians of his day. But he was not happy. More and more Severac sought the peaceful surroundings of his native village, St. Felix. A generous, jovial man, he preferred the tranquillity of Languedoc to the bustle of Paris, and he soon settled permanently in Ceret surrounded by a group of artists that included Picasso, Frank Haviland, Stuart Merrill, Aristide Maillol, Georges Braque, Juan Gris, Marie Laurencin, Andre Salmon, Max Jacob, and the Greek expatriot Moreas. Several of them established residence in the town, which, for a time became known as the "Mecca of Cubism." Later Severac began dividing his time between St. Felix and Ceret. Like many young composers, Severac was concerned with obtaining appropriate performances of his works. "How do I get a performance?" he asked himself. "How do I get the best singers I need? What kind of involvements do these artists have that might prevent their participation in my work? Who can advise me?" For answers to these questions, Severac sought the advice of his teacher and friend Charles Bordes. Paul Poujaud, a lawyer who was a close friend of Debussy, also made himself available to the young man for suggestions and assistance. Moreas, (the pseudonym of Iannis Pappadiamantopoulos, 1856-1910), the first writer to use the designation "Symbolist," became another confidant. He and the critic Pierre Lalo (1866-1943) are among the correspondents to whom Severac wrote during 1906 to 1911. I recently acquired several of his letters at auction, and I thought they might interest readers. …


At the RCN annual general meeting on October 17, chair of council Kath McCourt stated that members have a simple choice. The college can continue supporting members with a small increase in subscriptions or 'cut back on services'.


In this paper Φ40 mm GCr15 steel ball screw was quenched by induction heating with a 30° tilted inductor. For hardened layer microstructure was observed by metallurgic microscopec,and hardness was measured by microhardness tester. The experimental results showed that both the depth and hardness of the grooves could meet the technical requirements of Φ40 mm ball screw. Therefore the new surface induction quenching process using a tilted inductior can be used for GCr15 steel ball screws with Φ40 mm and lower diameters.


Traumatic asphyxia is a clinical syndrome related to cervicofascial cyanosis, petechiae, subconjunctival haemorrhages and neurological symptoms. This syndrome occurs after a transient, severe and compressive blunt thoracic trauma. Here, we presented two cases of traumatic asphyxia. They both had prominent petechiae on upper parts of their bodies. The prognosis was excellent in the boy. Contrary, second case was dead in emergency department due to subarachnoid haemorrhage and intracerebral petechial haemorrhages. Traumatic asphyxia alone does not predict morbidity and mortality. It is the concomitant cardiovascular, pulmonary and neurologic injuries that affect the outcome.


Mobilising what Jean-Marie Floch calls the semiotic square, this article explores the transition from 'this thing' (the car itself) to 'that thing' (the car in the advertisement) and what the concomitant transitivity between a global brand and a national culture can entail through a close textual analysis of British television and poster publicity for the Renault Clio, and in particular for the Clio III. Organised around the ludic rheme, 'Twice the Va Va Voom' and the critical valorisation, 'French Car, British Designers', the advertising campaign, launched in 2005, elaborates a double-code that sets up the idea of 'country-of-origin' as a contest, pitting Britain, in the guise of Ben, against France, in the guise of Sophie. Accordingly, I want to deal with the tension between sameness and difference in Anglo-French relations that the verbal and visual rhetoric of the publicity connotes in the context of the 'entente cordiale'. I take into account its deployment of cultural stereotypes, addressing sex and gender identities, white nationalism and white foreignness, and the racial blind spots of the advertisement in comparison to the preceding 'Va Va Voom' campaign, which starred the black footballer Thierry Henry. At the same time, as we observe Ben and Sophie driving their respective Clios around London and Paris in the television advertisement, and the conjunction of London and Paris signified in the poster, the city is objectified as a kind of meeting point or passage for the negotiation of new social relations and networks that enunciate the transition from political to commercial globalism in the Single European Market.


■ Many children today are disconnected from their environment. Little time is spent in the outdoors due to technology with all its games and entertainment. As a result, children are not familiar with their surrounding environment and what their responsibility is towards it. If children do not acquire a sense of environmental responsibility by the time they become adults, we may lose the resources we need and depend on to live. Children need to become knowledgeable and aware of their environment. This paper reports the results of third and fourth grade students participating in an after school Environmental Science Club. Students were exposed to a variety of indoor and outdoor activities focused on the schoolyard habitat in order to increase their knowledge, awareness and sense of environmental responsibility. This qualitative study shows that the after school Environmental Science Club did increase environmental knowledge and awareness of the schoolyard habitat. There was also an impact made on some of the students' attitudes as far as their responsibility towards their environment. The growth shown in this project was accomplished using environmental curriculum with constructivist and place-based education pedagogies.


This study examines the implications of recent trade trends, and long-term price projections for Sub-Saharan Africa's major exports. Its policy message for Africa is two fold. First, Africa must diversify away from traditional products, or continue to experience serious negative trade effects including declining, or relatively low growth in global demand for these goods; falling real prices for traditional products; very unstable prices and export earnings; as well as continued marginal world trade, and diminished growth and industrialization prospects. However, there is no evidence that any general diversification is occurring. Domestic, and international policy initiates, must assign a far greater importance to the need for diversifying Africa's exports. Second, it is unlikely that major shifts in the composition of exports can occur in the short, to medium-term. As such, the removal of anti-export biases in African countries' domestic policies, as well as initiatives to promote competitive (low cost) prices for traditional exports, still require immediate attention. Future markets for traditional products will be highly competitive, and African countries failing to implement policies promoting production efficiencies, should expect major competitive export losses on such items.


Xaviera Hollander became one of the best selling authors of the early 1970s with the writing of The Happy Hooker: My Own Story. She has since written twenty-one books on sexuality and was the Penthouse columnist of "Call Me Madam" for over thirty-five years. Hollander became an icon with her openness about sex and erotic writings.

Keywords:

best-selling author and sexual revolutionary;
hooker;
Madam;
prostitute


The study of influence of the fractionated and acute ionizing radiation on plants revealed that it is able to induce genomic instability. The hypothesis that transcription rate of several evolutionary conserved DNA repair genes AtKu70, AtRAD51 and AtRad1, which keeps genome stability in cells of model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, changes differently depending on dose and mode of ionizing radiation exposure had been tested. Gel electrophoresis-based reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method was used for quantifying mRNA transcription levels. The data demonstrated that mode and dose of irradiation affect transcription rate of the genes AtKu70, AtRAD51 and AtRad1. The fractionated and acute X-ray irradiation may result in adaptive response through the induction of key DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair genes AtKu70 and AtRAD51, as well as in genome instability through transcriptional activation of error-prone AtRad1-mediated DNA DSB repair combined with decreased expression of AtRAD51. In plants at doses within the range of 3-9 Gy, an adaptive influence is prevailed, but at doses of 12-21 Gy an error-prone repair of double-strand DNA damage is activated. Fractionation of dose has a significant effect on the transcription of the genes AtKu70, AtRAD51 and AtRad1 only at doses of 15 Gy and 21 Gy. Acute dose of 15 Gy activates error-prone AtRad1-mediated DSB repair and repressed both AtRAD51-dependent and AtKu70-dependent repair pathways, while fractionated irradiation at the same total dose induces more accurate homologous recombination and canonical non-homologous end joining of the DNA strands. In case of A. thaliana exposed to X-rays at dose 21 Gy, the situation is going reversed because of strong induction of the all three genome caretaker genes in leaves of acutely irradiated plants in contrast to the plants under fractionated exposure.


Objective To further explore the relevance between children with asthmatic and interleukin 1,5,12,13,in order to provide theory basis for the clinical prophylaxis and treatment asthmatic children.Methods 50 cases of children with asthma,in which there were 32 male cases,18 female cases,with the average age of 3.26±1.3.Asthmatic children were divided into the acute episode group with 30 cases and the remission group with 20 patients and the normal control group with 40 cases including 20 male and 20 female patients(mean age 3.87±1.56).Then the serum interleukin 1,5,12,13 levels were detected by ELISA method.Results The serum interleukin 1,5,13 level increased significantly compared with the control group.IL-12 level is significantly lower than the normal control group(P0.05)..Conclusion Increase and disorder of interleukin 1,5,12,13 exist in asthmatic children.


This essay is the result of research that was principally performed in the Archivo de la Real Chancillería de Valladolid. It is based on a long series of records found in the Sala de Vizcaya section of that archive. Here is explained a rare case about a Morisco of Granadan origin whose family was relocated to Toledo after the second Alpujarras uprising (1568-1572). The Morisco, named Juan Pérez, decided to either administer his own expulsion following the January 2 1610 edict or was transporting money for an underground trade network. Passing through Biscay, trying to arrive to France, the authorities of Durango detained him, trying to keep Pérez's money for themselves, which he had hidden in his saddle. In addition to demonstrating that there existed legal au thorities that tried to take advantage of the vulnerable situation of the expelled Moriscos, this work also offers hypotheses about this individual's identity and final destination.


Discovered nearly 150 years ago, electron beams contribute to nearly every discipline of science and technology. Recently, this mature field has found new purpose in the domain of Additive Manufacturing, resulting in significant industrial and academic interests. In nearly all cases, the process is examined through the lens of a single commercial supplier with limited access to fundamental process parameters. The objective of this thesis is to examine the fundamental science and technology underpinning electron beam powder bed fusion, beginning with thermionic emission and ending with single layers of consolidated powder.Between these points, the generation and control of an electron beam is explained, highlighting the specific opportunities and challenges compared to laser-based processes. Slotted Faraday Cup measurements experimentally demonstrate many of the issues associated with steering and focusing a beam of negatively charged particles. Using a novel calorimetric measurement technique, the fraction of absorbed energy is directly measured and compared to Monte-Carlo simulations over a range of process conditions. Next, the combined effects of beam and geometric parameters are examined with respect to dissimilar electron beam welding of titanium to niobium. The differences in material properties magnify how small variations to the process inputs induce large variations in melt pool stability via convective and evaporative heat transfer. These concepts of energy absorption and melt pool stability are extended in the final chapter, which directly measures the absorbed current during pulsed electron beam melting of solid and powder titanium. Our results show, that above the melting temperature, energy and charge transfer are coupled, which we attribute to the ionization of the Ti vapor. To the best of our knowledge, these measurements are the first of their kind, and suggest a new domain of investigation for electron beam powder bed fusion.%%%%Decouvert a pres de 150 ans, les faisceaux d'electrons ont contribue a presque toutes les disciplines de la science et technologie. Recemment, ce domaine mature a trouve un nouvel objectif dans le domaine de la fabrication additive, resultant en des interets industriels et academiques significatifs. Dans presque tous les cas, le processus est examine a travers la lentille d'un seul fournisseur commercial avec un acces restreint aux parametres de processus fondamentaux. L'objectif de cette these est d'examiner la science et la technologie fondamentale qui sous-tendent la fusion du lit de poudre du faisceau d'electrons, en commencant par l'emission thermionique et en terminant par des couches uniques de poudre consolidee.Entre ces points, la generation et le controle d'un faisceau d'electrons est explique, mettant en evidence les opportunits et les defis specifiques par rapport au processus base sur le laser. Les mesures de la Coupe Faraday a fentes demontrent experimentalement plusieurs des problemes associes a la direction et a la focalisation d'un faisceau de…


Benzil reacts with chlorosulphonic acid to give 3-chloro-2-phenylbenzofuran-6,4′-disulphonyl dichloride. The product was characterised as the corresponding bis-dimethylsulphonamide (1), and a mechanism has been proposed for the chlorosulphonation reaction. The chlorosulphonation of 2,3-diphenylpyrazine and 3,4-diphenylfurazan is also reported.


Deuteronomy 18:15-22 W H O IS --fELLING the truth here? How do we know the clifference between a true word and a false one? How will the Lord communicate with us-and we with him-once Moses is deacl and gone? Those are the questions that lie behind this paragraph from Deuteronomy 18. The answers given in the passage are set in the future tense, anticipating the time after the people of Israel "come into the land which the Lord your God gives you" (Deut. 18:9), but behind the instructions we can hear unmistakably the voice of a people for whom that future has alreacly become the present. Like us they are separated by centuries from the foundational events of their faith. Moses had been gone for at least six hundred years, and God is no longer speaking face to face with anyone. How could they continue to know the will of the Lord? If someone claims to be a genuine prophet, speaking the Word of Cod, how could they know whether to trust him or not? We should set this passage in its context lest we miss its links with human realities and thus a great deal of its power. First consider its wider literary and historical framework. It appears in the central part of the Book of Deuteronomy, the legal section that inclucles at least chapters 12-26. That is the part of the book most likely to have been the "book of the law" associated with the reform ofJosiah, circa 621 B.C. (II Kings 22-23). Most of the units in this section of the book are sermons, often taking all old law, explaining or reinterpreting its meaning, applying it to the contenlporary situation, and laying it upon the hearts of the listeners (e.g., 15: 1-11). Yet 18: 15-22 seems not to rest upon any particular ancient law, and probably was composed no earlier than the seventh century. The broader literary framework of the text is the Book of Deuteronomy as a whole, which is presented as a report of the last days in the life of Moses. Except for the narrative framework at the beginning (I : 1-5) and the end (34: 1-12), the book is the last will and testament of Moses, a speech to the people of Israel before they entered the promised land. More immediately, Deuteronomy 18: 15-22 must be recognized as part of a unit that begins with 18:9. Following a section concerned with the rights of the levi tical priests, 18:9-14 gives a catalog of prohibited activities, specifically identifying them as "the abominable practices of those nations" (18:9). Although the catalog begins with the abomination of


The special issue's editors introduce the rationale for the following articles, all of which take up aspects of the relations among the production of artworks, the behavior of audiences, and the state's interest in assembling, regulating, and transforming what it knows as its people through the responses to art.


Abstract: Phosphoric anhydride has been shown to interact with organic compounds with prototropic properties, i.e. unsubstituted and monosubstituted amides, pyrimidinetriones, azoles and esters. Some products of phosphorylation have a tendency to exhibit phosphorotropy (1-3 and 1-4 shifts).


Open path tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy was used to determine the methane emission of not gas tight digestate storage tanks of four different agricultural biogas plants at different seasons to estimate the total annual emission.


Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect of flexible ureterorenoscopy (F-URS) with holmium laser lithotripsy in managing symptomatic caliceal diverticular calculi. Methods The records of 23 patients by flexible ureterorenoscopy (F-URS) with holmium laser lithotripsy in managing symptomatic caliceal diverticular calculi from January 2008 to December 2010 were retrospectively reviewed.The 23 cases included 15 males and 8 females,aged from 23 to 68 years.All patients had unilateral calyceal diverticulum stone,with 11,9,and 3 cases had a caliceal diverticular stone in the upper pole,midkidney,and lower pole,respectively.Sand-like stones were observed in most caliceal diverticular.The diameter of the largest stone was 18.9 mm.The presenting symptoms were flank pain,recurrent urinary tract infections,and hematuria.One week before operations,all patients was placed Double-J stent and underwent intravenous urography and renal computed tomography (CT).The ureteral access sheath was placed firstly during operation,and then ureterorenoscope was inserted into the renal pelvis.The diverticular neck was incised with holmium laser if needed,and a 200um holmium laser fiber was used to crush diverticular stone. Results Flexible ureterorenoscopes were successfully placed in all patients.Postoperatively,15 (65.3% patients were rendered stone free (SF),5 patients had clinically insigni? cant residual fragments less than 4 mm )( CIRF),and a residual fragment (RF) was found in three patients.The success rate ( SF ± CIRF) was 87.0%.All patients were symptom free after operation.The average operative time and hospital stay were 60 minutes and 3.5 days,respectively.No severe complications occured.A follow-up of 6 -12 months showed no recurrence. Conclusions F-URS using a holmium laser lithotripsy is a safe and effective,and may be offered as a first line therapy for symptomatic caliceal diverticula calculi.

Key words:
Fexible ureterorenoscope;  Holmium laser;  Caliceal diverticula calculi


There are many spring orifices around Guozhuang Spring.The area of the spring is a complete karstic groundwater system.It possesses separately replenishment,runoff and drainage relations,which is a big karstic spring with the special characteristics.The article is based on calculation and analyses confirm the volume of natural and exploitable resources of Karstic groundwater around the spring area,which provided the scientific basis for optimized disposition of water resources.


This article highlights the important consequences of initial public offerings (IPOs) for firms operating in international markets. In a nutshell, going public can enhance a firms' ability to gain access to the economies made available by globalization. Additionally, the endorsement of prominent figures during the IPO process can also produce long-term benefits for firms wishing to operate across borders.

Keywords:

IPOs;
strategic alliances;
acquisitions;
VC;
investment banks;
underwriters


It is shown experimentally that transistor circuits may have their fundamental sensitivities to ionizing radiation reduced by factors of ten by addition of a simple reverse biased diode. Bipolar transistors, field effect transistors and microcircuits have been hardened. (auth)


Different from conventional reconfigurable intelligent surface, simultaneously transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surface (STAR-RIS) can provide service for the users within 360° coverage. In this letter, we discuss a power minimization problem for STAR-RIS-empowered uplink non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) system. For the purpose of minimizing total transmit power, a joint optimization scheme of each user's transmit power, transmission and reflection beamformers at the STAR-RIS, and time allocation is developed. To proceed, we derive the relationship between the phase shifts and the power allocation coefficients, then a near-optimal solution is proposed by invoking the semi-definite relaxation. It is shown by simulation results that the developed transmission-and-reflection scheme achieves better performance than the existing ones.


Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) provides a new generation of software architectures which attracts attention as promising way for smooth integration of loosely coupled software applications. In addition to all benefits, it adds new dimensions to the complexity of designing, building, testing, deploying and maintaining Service-based applications. Research in verification and validation applied to compositions of web services still is not mature enough. In this paper we present a framework named TASSA for testing and validation of both functional and non-functional behavior of service-based applications. TASSA provides end-to-end testing of all three layers (Service layer, Service Composition and Coordination, Business Process) of service-based applications. The framework is based on SOA principles and is composable depending on user requirements. The software developers and particularly application integrators are lacking practical testing suites and respective testing methodologies to be used both at design time and run time of the service-based applications. TASSA framework has the goal to be both practical and complete in order to satisfy these needs. It aims to reduce the cost and improve the effectiveness of testing Service-based applications by automating the testing process.


The newborns, less than 24 hours old, of C57BL/kg/day) was studied in rats which were kept either on a standard laboratory diet, or on a diet containing a large amount of fat (40%) and cholesterol (5%). PDC significantly increased the lactate dehydrogenase activity in the aortae of rats kept on a standard diet, and the malate dehydrogenase activity in the aortae of rats kept on high‐fat diet.6 strain mice and Morlyamaso strain rats received a single subcutaneous Injection of cycasin (0.5 mg/kg/day) was studied in rats which were kept either on a standard laboratory diet, or on a diet containing a large amount of fat (40%) and cholesterol (5%). PDC significantly increased the lactate dehydrogenase activity in the aortae of rats kept on a standard diet, and the malate dehydrogenase activity in the aortae of rats kept on high‐fat diet.g body weight In mice, 0.2 mg and 0.5 mg/g body weight In rats), and effects of cycasin on the retina were studied. Rosette formations were seen after the necrosis of cells in the neuroblasts layer. Especially, In rats treated with a large dose of cycasin, retinal hemorrhage from the choroid completely arrested the differentiation to each layer in the retina and resulted In its severe disorder. These changes were considered to belong to the same category as necrotic damage in the external granular layer of the cerebellum induced by cycasin.


12006 Background: Few studies describe how early versus late palliative care affects end-of-life health services costs. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of early vs not-early palliative care among cancer decedents on the combined costs of receiving aggressive care (ED/hospitalization) and supportive care (home care/physician home visit). Methods: Using linked administrative databases, we created a retrospective cohort of cancer decedents between 2004 -2014 in Ontario, Canada. We identified those who received "early" palliative care (palliative care service used in the hospital or community 12 to 6 months before death [exposure]). We used propensity score matching to identify a control group of "not-early" palliative care, hard matched on age, sex, cancer type and stage. The propensity score included region, year, treatment, etc. We examined differences in median costs (including hospital, ED, physician, and home care costs) between pairs in the last month of life. Results: We identified 144,306 cancer decedents, of which 37% received early palliative care in the exposure period. After propensity score matching, we created 36,238 pairs of decedents who received early and not-early palliative care. After matching the early and not-early groups had equal distributions of age, sex, cancer type (24% lung cancer) and stage (25% stage 3 or 4). Among those who received early palliative care, 56.3% used hospital in-patient care in the last month, whereas 66.7% of the control group (not-early palliative care) used in-patient care; considering only inpatient hospital costs, those receiving early palliative care used a median of $2,894 in the last month of life compared to the control group of $5,311 (p < 0.001). Overall median costs in the last month of life for patients in the early palliative care vs the control group was $11,129 vs. $10,598 (p < 0.001). Conclusions: In our population-based, propensity-score matched, cohort study of cancer decedents, receiving early palliative care reduced the median overall health system costs, especially via avoiding hospitalizations in the last month of life.


kind of socialist utopian! Spicker sets the boundaries to this particular academic ground by hallowed reference to what he calls 'the general norm of reciprocity'. Dependency, he states, is inherent in social services and dependent people are in breach of this general norm. Naturally, Spicker's intellectual leasehold does not include clauses which question whether relations of production and reproduction are reciprocal. His insistent exclusion of a more socially structured analysis suggests that he will continue to claim protected tenancy! t


HC administration, and reached the maximal value (19.2 pg/ml) at the end of 24 hours considerably exceeding that in the control group (3 pg/ml). Therefore, after immunization with HC, leukocytes produced Th1, Th2 and Th17 cytokines, which play the different role in the immune response regulation. The obtained data explain the predominant production, in mice immunized with HC, of IgG1 and IgG2a subisotypes to the capsular polysaccharide of S. pneumoniae 14, which are connected with IL-5 and IFN production respectively. IL-17 produced by CD4+IL17+ stimulates the protection from extracellular bacteria including S. pneumoniae that was proved by challenging immunized mice with a lethal dose of S. pneumoniae type 14. As a result, all immunized mice survived as compared with 10% survival in the control group. Conclusion: The ability of the hexasaccharide conjugate to stimulate production of Th1, Th2 and Th17 cytokines with the following production of IgG antibodies to the capsular polysaccharide explains its protective activity in mice after challenge with S.pneumoniae type 14.


Objective: To assess the immediate use of the combined oral contraceptive drospirenone-ethinylestradiol tablets in women undergoing artificial abortion.Methods: A total of 200 women who undergoing artificial abortion were randomly divided into two groups,100 women took drospirenone-ethinylestradiol tablets(1 pill·d-1×21d) immediately after abortion,and another 100 women took nothing(control).The volume and duration of vaginal bleeding and discharge,time of menstruation turn over,rate of pelvis infection as well as premenstrual tension syndrome were surveyed.Results: No statistical difference was found in the volume and duration of vaginal bleeding between two groups.There was a statistically significant decrease in volume of vaginal discharge and time of menstruation turn over in 2 groups.Compared with the control,the rates of repeated abortion,pelvis infection and premenstrual tension syndrome were significantly decreased after treatment with drospirenone-ethinylestradiol tablets.Conclusion: Drospirenone-ethinylestradiol tablets are safe and effective in women when taken immediately after artificial abortion as an option of contraception.This offers a good measure in having exact time of menstruation turn over,preventing infection and releasing premenstrual tension syndrome.


In this paper, an experimental analysis of the gating characteristics of the TOAD for different granularities (tributary bitrates) of an OTDM stream is presented. This study is based on the evaluation of the time-domain response (i.e. the switching window) and Contrast Ratio (CR) measurements of the dropped tributary and the residual (through) signal. The minimum obtainable switch window is approximately 6 ps for the TOAD under investigation and allows deployment in a 160 Gbit/s environment. Applying a TOAD in an OTDM add/drop node is possible with optical granularities up to 2.5 Gbit/s. Application as an OTDM demultiplexer is possible at higher granularities (10 Gbit/s) at the expense of reduced CR of the dropped tributary.


The mobile technology is fast-developing nowadays owing to its large impact on social life. Accordingly, there is a need to study the progress of the antenna systems as they are considered as core devices for wireless technology. The modern antenna designs allow a single element to be employed in many systems. The microstrip patch antennas are essentially considered in the advancement of the latest communication mechanisms in contrast to the conventional type because they offer the advantage of being low profile along with simple or inexpensive manufacturing procedures. In the recent four decades, extensive research has been carried out on the antenna systems. Consequently, this review paper provides a comprehensive account of the former and subsequent research achievements of the microstrip patch antennas. The various types of systems considered for comparison include millimeter-wave, broad banding, dual/multi-band or reconfigurable structure, size-reduction, compact, low profile, impedance bandwidth, high gain or linear and circular polarization applications. © 2019, Institute of Advanced Scientific Research, Inc.. All rights reserved.


Abstract A model-based cascade controller design is presented for the control of DC/DC Buck converters. Detailed discussions in the setting of bandwidth for the current loop and voltage loop have been given. Robustness analysis of the cascade controller against load changes and supply changes are also presented. Finally, a deadband relay is introduced in the voltage loop to improve the disturbance rejection and speed of response of the Buck converter. Circuit implementation of the proposed control scheme is presented, and experimental results are included to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed design scheme. Comparisons with conventional single-loop proportional-plus-integral control and cascade control are also made.


Altogether 6 patients with gastric tumor and 7 with colic tumor received gastrectomy or colectomy and lymphoscanvenging with SLT contract Nd: YAG laser in our hospital.We think that with this new method, we can do the operation with precise incision, slight damage to the tissue and less hemorrhage. The method is convenient and safe and is suitable for gastrocolic tumor excision. We emphasize the indication, advantage and warning of the operation here.