Purpose To evaluate the restoration of the flexor power and the correlation between the flexor power and functional performance tests (FPTs) after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction with hamstring autograft. Materials and Methods Twenty-three men, who underwent ACL reconstruction with hamstring autograft, were evaluated using Lysholm, Subjective IKDC, Tegner activity score, isokinetic flexion and hyperflexion power test, and the FPTs at 1 and 2-year follow-up. We analyzed the mean change from 1 to 2 year and the correlation between both the flexion and hyperflexion power deficit with the FPTs at each follow-up. Results Mean age of the patients was 30.9 years (range, 19 to 44). Tegner activity score was significantly increased from 5.7 to 6.3 (p=.010). Hyperflexion power of the involved knee deficits significantly decreased at 2 year follow-up compared with 1 year (p<.001). There was a correlation between the flexor power deficit and the co-contraction, carioca, and involved one-legged hop test at each follow-up. However, no significant correlations were revealed between the hyperflexion power deficit and the FPTs. Conclusions Hyperflexion power deficit after ACL reconstruction with the hamstring autograft decreased at 2 year follow-up compared to 1 year and does not affect the results of the FPTs.


Abstract The study is aimed at mathematical modeling of non-stationary temperature and stress-strain fields in growing thermoelastic cylinder, which growth is due to the layer-by-layer sintering over its lateral surface. This modeling makes it possible to estimate the reciprocal impact of non-stationary temperature fields, stress-strain state and the scenario of the additive process even in manufacturing of more complicated shapes. The problem is considered in the framework of the theory of thermal stresses with non-linear radiative boundary condition. A distinctive feature of modeling is that the material composition of the body changes over time. Therefore, the mathematical model is represented by the recurrent sequence of initial boundary value problems, formulated for each step of the additive process in different domains with respect to the increments of thermal and stress fields. The domains constitute nested sequence of regions and, together with the sequence of the moments of layer sintering, define the scenario of additive process. Initial values for a step are taken to be equal to the corresponding values at the final moment of previous step. The solution for each step is represented in the form of decomposition over eigenfunctions of differential operator, generated by boundary value problem on this step. Computational modeling of various sintering modes has been carried out. A classification of thermomechanical additive processes, based on the relationship between the characteristic time of the process and the time of thermal relaxation of the attached layer is given. Special attention is paid to non-uniform volume heating, which can be obtained by skin effect during high-frequency induction. Computational simulations based on obtained analytical solution show that auxiliary inductive heating makes it possible to substantially reduce the non-uniformity of the temperature field and thus to reduce the temperature stresses caused by it.


The regularities of structure of the Zn-Pb ore deposits within ore-bearing dolomites and in the Roethian dolomites from the Olkusz region have been stated applying the statistic and geostatistic methods, trend analysis of ore parameters as well as the results of observations in mines. Assuming significant continuity of mineralization within the ore-bearing dolomites the richest ore bodies of nest type form elongated, nearly latitudinal, cyclically repeated zones. The distances between them are from about 150 m in more rich deposit parts up to 300 m in impoverished ones. The deposit in the Roethian dolomites occurs as irregular, isolated ore nests with high metals content. The studies on the exploitation areas of the Roethian deposit and analysis of cartographic materials, related to the deposit located within the ore-bearing dolomites, indicate the coherence of the Zn-Pb mineralization distribution and regular tectonic pattern.


MASS THERMOPLASTIC MOLDING CONTAINING (A) 10 to 90% by weight of at least one thermoplastic polymer, (B) 1 to 20% by weight of a polyethylene containing carboxyl groups AN AVERAGE MOLECULAR WEIGHT MN (number average) of 24,000 Up to 100,000 g / mol, (c) 5 to 60% by weight of a IGNIFUGO having no halogen, (D) 0 to 70% by weight of other additives and processing aids, GIVING THE SUM OF WEIGHT% OF Components A) to D) 100% by weight.


The oil-paper insulation of valve-side windings in a high voltage direct current (HVDC) converter transformer is subjected to both complicated voltage and severe thermal stresses. Partial discharge (PD) occurring in oil-paper bounded cavities is influenced by voltage stress type as well as temperature. This paper presents PD behaviors in an oil-paper bounded gas cavity under pulsating DC voltages. The voltage across the gas cavity and PD inception voltages at different test conditions are analyzed. Influences of temperature on statistical PD distributions and parameters are also presented. A numerical model is used to interpret PD behaviors under pulsating DC voltages and various temperatures. Experimental results and theoretical statements show that the temperature exhibits a great influence on the behaviors of cavity discharge under pulsating DC voltages. Volume resistivity, gas pressure, charge decay time constant, and electron generation rate are the primary parameters influencing PD behaviors at different temperatures.


In this paper, we are interested in learning the underlying g raph structure behind training data. Solving this basic problem is essential to carry out any graph signal processing or machine lear ning task. To realize this, we assume that the data is smooth with r espect to the graph topology, and we parameterize the graph topolog y using an edge sampling function. That is, the graph Laplacian is ex pressed in terms of a sparse edge selection vector, which provides an xplicit handle to control the sparsity level of the graph. We solve th e sparse graph learning problem given some training data in both the n oiseless and noisy settings. Given the true smooth data, the pose d sparse graph learning problem can be solved optimally and is based o n simple rank ordering. Given the noisy data, we show that the join t sparse graph learning and denoising problem can be simplified to des igning only the sparse edge selection vector, which can be solve d using convex optimization.


In traditional Chinese figure painting, artist usually prefers black and white to other colors. From the point of colors in traditional Chinese figure painting, there remain some forms, i.e. the using of original colors, of mixed colors and of mixture colors and wash drawing and so on. By now traditional Chinese figure painting has developed so rapidly that different kinds of style have come out, which make the colors and forms of figure painting more and more rich, and enliven the atmosphere of painting, in the end make the painting full of life.


A new procedure for trace tungsten W(VI) in soil by fluorescence quenching method coupled with cloud point extraction (CPE) as the separation-preconcentration method was described. The Triton X-100 CPE behavior of W(VI)-salicylfluorone (SAF)was investigated. Under the optimized conditions, the fluorescence quenched intensity (ΔF) was linearly with W(VI). The range of linear was 0.8 ∼ 20.0 μg · L−1, the detection limit (DL) was 0.14 ng · mL−1 (3σ), the relative standard deviation 3.3% (c = 10.0 μg · L−1, n = 5) and the recovery was 101.0–102.2%. The proposed method applied to the analysis of W(VI) in certified reference materials and real samples.


Over the past few decades, deep learning has been a remarkable technique in solving numerous problems in application domains, such as facial detection and recognition. With the existence of facial datasets, neural network models, and deep learning frameworks, one can develop and train deep neural network models on a monolithic (single host) system with ease. However, at the deployment stage, this deployment method is no longer feasible due to the increasing volume of the given data. To address this problem, we propose a scalable architecture for deploying a deep learning-based facial recognition system using distributed microservices. In this work, we use Docker as the container platform, although practically one may use any platform with the same capabilities. By encapsulating the whole system to Docker images, we can deploy deep learning applications into containers and computational intensive containers are distributed throughout the cluster. With this horizontally scalable cluster, the system can process virtually any size of data. Experimental result suggests that the proposed method is a feasible solution, as there is no noticeable computational overhead when deploying deep learning-based facial recognition system when using container-based virtualization.


Among our post-graduate courses, Psych-Education demand has grown in the last few years. Little is known about the professionals who seek these courses. A research was done on a group of 251 new students in the Psych-Education Graduate course from 2005 to 2012, with the expectation of understanding the students profile and objectives. A questionnaire was provided to discover their major area of study in their Bachelor's degree, work experience, and future aspirations. The results indicated that most students were Education majors who work now in the teaching profession with the objective of obtaining more professional training. It was concluded that these professionals are seeking alternative methods of teaching that will enhance the educational field.


Optimum and off-optimum performance is experimentally obtained for one of the 10 mil spaced, 7 cm/sup 2/ emitter area, cylindrical geometry thermionic converters to be used in the series and parallel connected thermionic converter experiment. The results are presented as graphs of output voltage vs power input, and power output vs power input. The current is the major parameter in both cases. The data in these forms are used to compute the power output of twin converter circults having unequal power inputs. The optimum load conditions for operation are then determined. The results are valuable in guiding thermionic power plant design. (auth)


A new water-soluble hexacarboxylated tribenzotriquinacene derivative (TBTQ-CB6) was synthesized and used as a supramolecular drug carrier to load the model anticancer drugs dimethyl viologen (MV) and doxorubicin (DOX) via host–guest interactions. The drugs could be effectively released by spermine (SM), a molecule overexpressed in cancer cells, through host–guest competitive substitution since TBTQ-CB6 has a stronger binding affinity toward SM than MV and DOX. The host–guest interactions of the complexes of TBTQ-CB6 with MV, DOX and SM were investigated by NMR spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy. The association stoichiometry of the complexes of TBTQ-CB6 with MV, DOX, and SM was found to be 1:1 with association constants of Ka = (7.67 ± 0.34) × 104 M−1, Ka = (6.81 ± 0.33) × 104 M−1, and Ka = (5.09 ± 0.98) × 105 M−1, respectively. The competitive substitution process was visualized by NMR titration. This novel TBTQ-based host–guest drug delivery system may have potential use in supramolecular chemotherapy.


In the last three decades the structures and logic of providing social policies in the People's Republic of China underwent decisive reforms. As a consequence of institutional and socioeconomic transitions, such as privatization, and rural to urban labor migration, the work-unit based social security system in urban areas and the family based systems in rural China were largely rendered dysfunctional. Against this background the question is, what types of social policies exist in contemporary China, what principles are underlying their governing and which actors are involved in their formulation, operation, and supervision. In this paper we proceed in two steps, in the first we discuss and specify the concept of welfare governance in order to provide a framework for the description and analysis of governing social policies, in the second part we discuss the applicability and usefulness of the concept to study the case of China as a single country case and in comparative perspective.


Food, agriculture, and labeling, affecting the environment are well connected concepts, the balance between them being determined not only by pedological and climatic factors or the development level of agricultural techniques, but also by national governments and international organizations' food processing, trade policies and regulations. In this context, the European Union (EU) encourages the use of different food quality schemes: "Protected Designation of Origin" (PDO), "Protected Geographical Indication" (PGI), and "Traditional Specialty Guaranteed" (TSG) to protect producers of special-quality foods and assist consumers in their purchasing decisions. This review examines existing studies on the impact of these labels on customers behavior. A total of 32 studies were found and systematized. The papers were selected if they featured unique empirical research on consumer perceptions of any of PDO, PGI and TSG labels. Using the search strategy, a literature analysis was performed based on papers extracted from Web of Science, Springer Link, Emerald Insights, and Science Direct. Although these papers highlight quite diversified findings, the internationally used labels play an increasing role in contemporary society and pandemic conditions caused by COVID-19, thus making the quality schemes relevant in consumer decision-making processes.


This paper considers the model problem in two-dimensional domain. The a posteriori error indicator for p-version Finite Element Methods (FEM) is discussed, and the reliable property of this a posteriori error indicator is investigated. Specially, we reformulate the a posteriori error indicator by orthogonal polynomials, which is easily used in practical applications.


Aims and method Estimates of the impact of the London 2012 Olympic Games on general health service demand have been made. However, there are no formal estimates for mental health demand. Our aim was to conduct a review to identify data on mental health service demand during the previous ten Summer Olympics. Results Eight relevant papers were identified. Little has been published on mental health demand; however, available data suggest demand will not substantially increase. Clinical implications NHS London has no pan-London strategy for mental health services during the Olympics. This may not be unreasonable given the lack of evidence for increased demand during previous Olympics. However, high bed occupancy rates in mental health units in London and other strains on resources may amplify the impact of even small increases in demand on services.


To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of budesonide/formoterol as maintenance and reliever therapy versus budesonide/formoterol maintenance plus terbutaline in adults with persistent asthma not adequately controlled with inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) therapy alone.


Pulsed laser‐induced autofluorescence spectra of pathologically certified normal and malignant colonic mucosal tissues were recorded at 325 nm excitation. The spectra were analysed using three different methods for discrimination purposes. First, all the spectra were subjected to the principal component analysis (PCA) and the discrimination between normal and malignant cases were achieved using parameters like, spectral residuals, Mahalanobis distance and scores of factors. Second, to understand the changes in tissue composition between the two classes (normal, and malignant), difference spectrum was constructed by subtracting mean spectrum of calibration set samples from simulated mean of all spectra of any one class (normal/malignant) and in third, artificial neural network (ANN) analysis was carried out on the same set of spectral data by training the network with spectral features like, mean, median, spectral residual, energy, standard deviation, number of peaks for different thresholds (100, 250 and 500) after carrying out 1st‐order differentiation of the training set samples and discrimination between normal and malignant conditions were achieved. The specificity and sensitivity were determined in PCA and ANN analyses and they were found to be 100 and 91.3% in PCA, and 100 and 93.47% in ANN, respectively. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


An environmentally benign, expedient, simple, and efficient protocol for the title reaction is described by using a novel, reusable, and chemoselective catalyst which can be easily prepared from inexpensive precursors.


Fifteen years ago the answer to these questions would, of necessity, have been placed on a theoretical basis. In terms of field theories of psychology, a logical and convincing answer could have been presented. However, practical classroom evidence, carefully collected, was absent. The intervening years have seen the gradual accumulation of a body of evidence, of data, and of descriptions of practices to support the meaning theory. This paper will describe briefly certain of these findings. First, however, a clear definition of "meaningful arithmetic" is in order.


ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Patient safety culture is part of the organizational profile of healthcare institutions and is associated with better quality of care. OBJECTIVE: To assess patient safety culture in a university hospital. DESIGN AND SETTING: Hospital-based cross-sectional study conducted in a public university hospital in São Paulo, Brazil, between September and December 2015. METHODS: We randomly selected 68 sectors of the hospital, to include up to 5 employees from each sector, regardless of length of experience. We used the validated Brazilian version of the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPS) via an electronic interface. We calculated the percentage of positive responses for each dimension of the HSOPS and explored the differences in age, experience, occupation and educational level of respondents using the chi-square test. RESULTS: Out of 324 invited respondents, 314 (97%) accepted the invitation and were surveyed. The sample presented predominance of women (72%), nursing staff (45%) and employees with less than six years' experience at the hospital (60%). Nine out of the 12 dimensions showed percentages of positive responses below 50%. The worst results related to "nonpunitive response to errors" (16%). A better safety culture was observed among more experienced staff, nurses and employees with a lower educational level. In the previous year, no events were reported by 65% of the participants. CONCLUSIONS: The patient safety culture presented weaknesses and most of professionals had not reported any event in the previous year. A policy for improvement and cyclical assessment is needed to ensure safe care.


The invention discloses a flat strip-shaped drainage device which is applied to the operation implantation at the pars plana of a ciliary body to treat the refractory glaucoma. Aqueous humor in an eye is led out of the eye and oozed to the lower part of a conjunctiva through aqueous humor drainage ports and aqueous humor drainage grooves, the aqueous humor drainage volume which is needed in the treatment of the refractory glaucoma can be satisfied, the vitreous-body incarceration at an incision and the incision scar are avoided, and the anterior chamber complication is reduced. The special drainage device is processed by adopting material silica gel or absorptive biomaterial, and is provided with two aqueous humor drainage ports, two or three aqueous humor drainage grooves, and two sutureholes. One end of the drainage device is an intraocular implanting end which is 3mm from the suture holes; a head takes the shape of a smooth oval flat strip; the aqueous humor drainage ports are respectively arranged in the two corresponding drainage grooves; when in operation, the implanting end is implanted in the eye and is fixed through suture; the other end of the drainage device is an extraocular drainage end which is relatively long and 10mm from the suture holes, and is provided with two or three drainage grooves.


The information and communication technology use among adolescents. In this century, the use of technology in Spain has increased dramatically and the  Internet  has become an important social context for the development of adolescents. The aim of this research is to analyze Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is used by a sample of 175 Canary Island adolescents (12 and 16 year-olds). Besides, it explores the prevalence  of Problematic Technology Use (PTU), the Internet, video-games and mobile phone, and their relationship with psychological well-being. The results show the Internet and mobile phone use increase with age. There is no gender difference regarding time but there are differences in the kind of use and contents. The implications of results for educational family practice are also discussed.


Improved method IS proVided Or Integrating DOTVmer 21 Appl. No.: 728,879 An improved method is provided for integrating poly and other low dielectric constant materials, which may have 22 Filed: Oct. 10, 1996 undesirable physical properties into integrated circuit Struc O O tures and processes, especially those requiring multiple Related U.S. Application Data levels of interconnect lines. The present invention combines the advantages of SiO2 with low dielectric constant mate 60 Provisional application No. 60/005,132 Oct. 12, 1995. rials by placing the low dielectric material only between (51) Int. Cl. .............................................. H01L23/532 tightly Spaced lines. In a preferred embodiment, a low-k 52 U.S. Cl. .......................... 257,759; 257/760; 257,758, material is spun across the Surface of the wafer to fill areas s s 4387623 between all interconnect lines. The critical areas, or those 58) Field of Search 438/623. 626 where the low-k material is to remain are masked off with -438/631: 257/759 760 75s resist. The low dielectric constant material in non-critical or s s wYus widely spaced areas is then etched away, leaving the prob 56) References Cited lematic but desirable low-k material in those areas where needed. A layer of dielectric Such as SiO2 can then be U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS applied to fill the remaining areas and provide spacing 5,354,713 10/1994 Kim et all between metal layers. After planarization, the proceSS Steps 5.4s6493 1 /1996 Jeng. can be repeated for multiple interconnect layers. 5,527,737 6/1996 Jeng. 5,547,786 8/1996 Jones et al.. 13 Claims, 2 Drawing Sheets


A discernible thematic thread linking the bibliographies of 2007, particularly critical studies, is formed by explorations that historicize and re-visit notions of expanding and interlinking geographies, spaces, places and journeys. This trend is most notable and continuous in the Caribbean, where this year's critical works focus on transnational encounters between the Caribbean and Scotland, Ireland, Canada and the US South, foregrounding the complexities of cross-cultural relations determined by colonialism. It is interesting to note how the critical metaphors that arise from these discussions refl ect, in turn, the idea of travelling theory – studies trace the 'world travels' of Anglophone Caribbean literature; literatures of islands and oceans are 'navigated'; and a 'tidalectic between land and sea' is established in a study of Caribbean and Pacifi c Island literatures. In Canada, examples of this critical discourse include explorations of theatre in terms of a geographical imagination and short fi ction in terms of the territories it charts and re-charts. The travels of food, its culinary and literary recreations, both within and across national boundaries, are also the subject of several studies this year. Caribbean 'foodways' are explored in economic and literary postcolonial contexts; 'culinary nostalgia' and its implications for the concepts of authenticity, nationalism and diaspora are discussed in a Canadian context; while 'food writing' and 'mouthwork' appear in titles of collections devoted to the relationship between food and language in South Asian and diasporic contexts, testifying to the productive ways in which food and cooking lend themselves, as metaphors, to the imagining of notions such as 'home', the


This paper presents a computer method for evaluating the in situ modulus of pavement layers from road-rater deflection basins. The method that is developed on the basis of the results of a theoretical analysis uses the bitumen-structures-analysis-in-roads (BISAR) computer program and the procedure of successive approximation. The method was used to evaluate the in situ modulus of experimental pavements at the Pennsylvania Transportation Research Facility. The computed modulus values were analyzed statistically to determine the factors that most significantly influence the in situ modulus of each pavement layer. Results indicate that, for the bituminous concrete surface and base materials, the sum of pavement surface temperature and the average five-day air temperature prior to the deflection measurements is the most significant among the factors analyzed. For the subbase material, no single influential factor is identified as significant. The subgrade modulus is influenced most by the subgrade water content, as expected. (Author)


Based on efflorescence test and XRD analysis,the reason that induces the spalling of masonry walls built with coal gangue brick is investigated.The influence on structural safety,serviceability and durability is studied.Some suggestions to improve the quality of coal gangue brick are promoted.The treatment and strengthening of masonry walls with spalling are presented as well.


The 17 cm hyperfine transition of neutral atomic sodium has been searched for unsuccessfully in a wide variety of atomic and molecular interstellar clouds. The results show that atomic sodium is indeed depleted in dense molecular clouds, as expected. Analysis of the chemical and ionization equilibrium shows that sodium cannot be hiding in the form Na II. It is argued that sodium-bearing molecules are also unimportant. Therefore, it is concluded that sodium resides in grains, from which it cannot be returned to the gas phase in any form. 70 references.


[128353-30-0] C29H45AlO2 (MW 452.72)

InChI = 1S/2C14H22O.CH3.Al/c2*1-13(2,3)10-8-7-9-11(12(10)15)14(4,5)6;;/h2*7-9,15H,1-6H3;1H3;/q;;;+2/p-2

InChIKey = QJMWBGFDDXANCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L

(designer Lewis acid for amphiphilic alkylations;1, 2 conjugate additions;3, 4 polymerizations5-7)

Alternate Name: MeAl(ODBP)2.

Solubility: sol CH2Cl2, toluene, hexane.

Form Supplied in: prepared from commercially available reagents and used in situ.

Preparative Method: prepared by reaction of a 1–2 M hexane solution of Trimethylaluminum with 2 equiv of 2,6-di-t-butylphenol in toluene or CH2Cl2 at rt for 1 h in a similar manner to that described in the preparation of MAD or MAT.1

Handling, Storage, and Precautions: the dry solid and solutions are highly flammable and must be handled in the absence of oxygen and moisture. The solution should be used as prepared for best results. Use in a fume hood.


The insurance market in Uruguay is smaller than the average for Latin American countries. However, it is expected to growth in the following years as a consequence of the transfers from pension funds to insurance companies, which may serve pensions to retired workers. Some characteristics of the insurance market (e.g. high concentration), the current regulation (e.g. regulation to key actuarial parameters), and the local financial markets (e.g. its low degree of development), may impose limitations to the development of a competitive insurance market. This paper analyzes the perspective and the challenges of the insurance market in Uruguay, and discusses some policy implications.


One of the challenges faced by many government decision-makers today relates to the need for a construction development programme that comprehensively addresses the challenges faced in delivery of building and infrastructure projects. Investment into such programmes should be justified and measured by increased contractor capacity to execute projects and grow their businesses. The Eastern Cape Development Corporation (ECDC) intends to develop and pilot an emerging contractor development programme with the assistance of the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR). In implementing the project, the CSIR and the ECDC will assume the role of the project managers, responsible for planning, executing and coordinating the entire training and mentorship programme. Suitably qualified training providers and mentors have been sourced from private enterprises and individuals. Sixty contractors throughout the province will be selected to form part of the program. Training providers and mentors will provide high quality inputs to enable a group of selected contractors to be assessed and accredited by the Construction Education and Training Authority (CETA) in terms of the National Qualifications Framework (NQF). This dissertation addresses the requirements that an integrated development model needs to be effective in terms of emerging contractors' further development and sustainable growth. TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE List of tables........................................................................... i List of figures........................................................................... ii List of annexures ...................................................................... iii List of abbreviations.................................................................. iv PART


Introduction The Basel Ban Amendment [the Basel Ban] has been hailed as a triumph of international environmental justice by some sectors and criticized by others as counterproductive to environmentally sound management of hazardous wastes. Its role in international law, particularly in the Basel convention on the Transboundary Movement of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal [Basel convention] has been both polarizing and empowering. The Basel Ban has polarized developed countries such as the US and Japan from developing countries in their steadfast opposition to it. However, the Basel Ban has also greatly empowered developing countries in asserting their sovereignty against toxic waste dumping and has forced developed countries to re-evaluate their policies on toxic waste trade. This section briefly looks into the principles that helped define the Basel Ban. Toxic Waste Dumping and Environmental Justice The 1970s and 1980s were a period that saw heightened public concern about hazardous waste in the United States (US) and in the world. (1) The heightened awareness resulted in increasing public resistance to the location of disposal sites for unwanted wastes, particularly those classified as hazardous, and the appreciable increase in disposal costs for these types of wastes. (2) The advent of global trade combined with these two factors helped push waste traders to seek cheap dumping sites around the world. Toxic waste dumping from developed to poorer countries became a major concern, due in part to highly publicized dumping cases. The case of the Khian Sea, a barge transporting 14,000 tons of incinerator ash from Pennsylvania that was refused entry to New Jersey, was one of the leading cases in the 1980s. (3) Another highly publicized case was the Koko Beach incident in 1987 wherein an Italian businessman, illegally exported 4,000 tonnes of chemical waste (including 150 tons of polychlorinated biphenyl) from Italy to Nigeria over an 18-month period resulting in the loss of lives and environmental damage in the area. (4) The logic of the waste export paradigm that defined the period was given a voice by then World Bank Chief Economist Larry Summers, when he issued an internal memo to his colleagues, stating that "the economic logic behind dumping a load of toxic waste in the lowest-wage country is impeccable...." (5) Mr. Summers defended his logic in the following manner: 1) The measurement of the costs of health impairing pollution depends on the foregone earnings from increased morbidity and mortality. From this point of view a given amount of health impairing pollution should be done in the country with lowest cost, which will be the country with the lowest wages ... . 2) The costs of pollution are likely to be non-linear as the initial increments of pollution probably have very low cost. I've always though that under-populated countries in Africa are vastly under-polluted, their air quality is probably vastly inefficiently low compared to Los Angeles or Mexico City ... . 3) The demand for a clean environment for aesthetic and health reasons is likely to have a very high-income elasticity. (6) The undercurrent of Summers' logic is the recognition of inequalities in the world and to take full advantage of them. In the realm of toxic waste trade, there was and continues a clear divide between developed and poorer countries from environmental and labor standards to technical capacity and other social elements. In the 1970's and the decades following, only a handful of industrialized or developed countries produce 95% of the world's toxic wastes. (7) Much of the toxic waste trade occurs among developed countries, where the waste originated. However, significant portion of the trade have found their way to developing countries. (8) Thus, the Khian Sea, Koko Beach, and similar toxic waste dumping cases echoed the inequalities faced by poorer countries and the growing threat of toxic waste in the global environment. …


To investigate the effect of milk on intestinal fluid accumulation and renal injury following mercuric chloride (HgCl2) ingestion, 10 ml kg −1 of saline or 10 mg kg of HgCl2 dissolved in 10 ml kg −1 of water or raw milk was administered enterally to rats and the mercury content in biological samples was determined by cold vapour atomic absorption spectrometry. Three hours after administration, the intestinal water content in rats that received HgCl2 in water (group S2) was significantly higher than in rats that received saline (group S1) (P < 0.01) or HgCl2 in milk (group S3) (P < 0.01). The amount of mercury detected per gram dry weight of small intestine was higher in group S2 than in group S3 (P < 0.05). Seventy-two hours after administration, both the serum urea nitrogen and creatinine concentrations in rats that received HgCl2 in milk (group L3) were significantly higher than in rats that received saline (group L1) (P < 0.05) or HgCl2 in water (group L2) (P < 0.05). Mercury levels in many of the biological samples in group L3 were higher than in group L2 (P < 0.05). Milk may reduce the intestinal cytotoxicity of mercury but it promotes its absorption, which may lessen intestinal fluid accumulation but worsen renal injury. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. JOURNAL OF APPLIED TOXICOLOGY J. Appl. Toxicol. 24, 129–134 (2004) Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI: 10.1002/jat.962


Introduction: SENTIERI Project (Epidemiological Study of Residents in Italian Contaminated Sites) had examined the epidemiological literature (1998-2009) to a priori assess the strength of the caus...


This paper draws attention to the importance of replication as a pedagogical driving force in university courses. We discuss some of the overall concepts relating to replication and make the bridge between teaching computational science and experimentation in social simulation. The academic advantages that students obtain from replication are discussed and a case study in a computer engineering course is reported. We conclude with some thoughts on the role of experimentation in the context of interdisciplinary learning in computer science courses.


Paleomagnetic and rock magnetic analyses were conducted on Ordovician specimens collected from two wells in the Dover Field and a reference core (OGS-83) in southwestern Ontario, for comparison to the results of Gamer (2006) in the Hillman/ Goldsmith-Lakeshore Fields (HGLF). Single domain (SD) and pseudosingle domain (PSD) magnetite grains were observed in the Dover Field, differing from the SD and PSD pyrrhotite and magnetite with minor hematite content in the HGLF. Inclination-only analysis was used to determine the paleodirections of the wells for the Dover Field and the reference core OGS-83. Well A samples (dolomite) had a mean of I=-1.0° +3.07-3.4° (N=3, k=378.3), while two segments from Well B (limestone) had means of I=-15.8° +3.87-3.6° (k=83.0) and I=-8.3° +5.07-5.4° (k=46.2). The paleolatitudinal arc produced from Well A intercepted the Late Pennsylvanian and Permian sections of the reference apparent polar wander path, while the Well B arc intercepted the Pennsylvanian or the Triassic, and the OGS-83 arc intercepted the Permian. The Dover and HGLF (Gamer, 2006) results differed, suggesting that the diagenetic history of the areas were not the same. Isotopic analysis suggested a shallower burial depth and lower temperature of dolomite formation in the Dover Field compared to HGLF. Rock magnetic properties were examined before and after standard porosity and permeability analysis (PPA) to determine what affect, if any, there was on the magnetic minerals of samples from this study. Due to the inability of partial anhysteretic magnetization (pARM) analysis to remove an induced magnetization which was acquired either outside of the laboratory or during saturation isothermal magnetization (SIRM)


Counting neutrons emitted by special nuclear material (SNM) and differentiating them from the background neutrons of various origins is the most effective passive means of detecting SNM. Unfortunately, neutron detection, counting, and partitioning in a maritime environment are complex due to the presence of high-multiplicity spallation neutrons (commonly known as ''ship effect '') and to the complicated nature of the neutron scattering in that environment. A prototype neutron detector was built using B as the converter in a special form factor called ''straws'' that would address the above problems by looking into the details of multiplicity distributions of neutrons originating from a fissioning source. This paper describes the straw neutron multiplicity counter (NMC) and assesses the performance with those of a commercially available fission meter. The prototype straw neutron detector provides a large-area, efficient, lightweight, more granular (than fission meter) neutron-responsive detection surface (to facilitate imaging) to enhance the ease of application of fission meters. Presented here are the results of preliminary investigations, modeling, and engineering considerations leading to the construction of this prototype. This design is capable of multiplicity and Feynman variance measurements. This prototype may lead to a near-term solution to the crisis that has arisen from the global scarcity of He by offering a viable alternative to fission meters. This paper describes the work performed during a 2-year site-directed research and development (SDRD) project that incorporated straw detectors for neutron multiplicity counting. The NMC is a two-panel detector system. We used B (in the form of enriched boron carbide: B4C) for neutron detection instead of He. In the first year, the project worked with a panel of straw neutron detectors, investigated its characteristics, and developed a data acquisition (DAQ) system to collect neutron multiplicity information from spontaneous fission sources using a single panel consisting of 60 straws equally distributed over three rows in high-density polyethylene moderator. In the following year, we developed the field-programmable gate array and associated DAQ software. This SDRD effort successfully produced a prototype NMC with *33% detection efficiency compared to a commercial fission meter.


Many studies on soybean have been carried out to raise the productivity, oil and protein content and to breed the cultivars resistant to many diseases (SAITO et al., 1980; OJIMA et al., 1987). However, few studies have been conducted on green-soybean in which the eating quality, i.e. flavour, sugar content and hardness may be the important characters (KOUDA, 1934). In the current experirnent, the water absorption characteristics of ripened seeds were examined using 35 green soybean cultivars and 86 ordinary soybean cultivars. As the water absorption characteristics, the followings were measured, i.e. the rate of water absorption per dry weight of seed coat and cotyledon, the rate of water absorption per seed volume, the rate of embraced water in seeds and regression coefficients of water absorption to time during a period in which the water absorption progresses linearly. The discriminant analysis for these five water absorption characteristics showed that the green soybean seeds had high values of the rate of water absorption per cotyledon dry weight, and the ordinary soybean seeds had high values of regression coefficients (Fig. 2). These results indicate that even the ripened seed of green soybean retain the characteristics relating with the eating quality, i.e. to absorb a large amount of water due to a high content of "internal forces" (SHULL, 1914) which is attributed to content of sugars and aminoacids and due to the soft texture of soybean seeds (KAWAKAMI, 1949; OKAMURA, 1968). The high water absorption of green soybean seeds may also be ascribed to their soft tissue architecture of cotyledon.


(57) Abstract: The viscous material, small die plate that is suitable for extrusion into common form for the production of pellets or particles (10) is shown. Die plate (10) includes a solid support portion in (20) and the porous portion (30). Each porous portion of the die plate (30), spaced from one another at a first distance, separating the major portion (32) and a main portion consisting of holes through the die plate (32) from a solid portion (20) Migration It includes a portion (34), transition section (34) has a bore each other separated by a distance greater than the first distance.


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A simple method for determining thermodynamic mixing parameters for alloys is described. The method takes advantage of small solubilities of alloy components in a high-temperature molten silicate solvent and utilizes the trace element analytical capabilities of the PIXE technique. PIXE analyses were obtained on glasses for a series of (Au, Pd) alloys which had been equilibrated with a fixed composition silicate melt at 1450 °C. Concentrations of Au and Pd in glass obtained from high-temperature experiments record a quantity directly proportional to the vapor pressure of the alloy components when the concentrations are low enough to have constant activity coefficients in the melt. Small negative deviations from ideal mixing were found in liquid and solid solutions for the (Au, Pd) binary. The ability to make good precision analyses at low concentrations, essential to the method, is enabled by PIXE. The advantage of the method lies in its simplicity and because mixing properties may be investigated for expe...


The searching for what is hidden(索隱) is a major part of the studies of Chinese narrative in Korea. It collects Chinese novels which had not been found and puts them in order. There are group of researchers who engaged in that field and had an excellent results. Choe Yongchul, one of the outstanding scholars in Honglou meng, has been interested in the exchanges and influences of the ancient novels between China and Korea since the mid-1990s. Park Jaeyeon constantly discovered many ancient novels and published them. The amount of his publications made other scholars stunned. Min Kwandong and Zheng ok-gen advanced the influx and influence of the ancient novels published in the Chosun dynasty. Kim, Jang-hwan went on the philological reseaches more about the separate works mainly focused on Shishuo xinyu(『世說新語』) rather than introducing the new materials, but recently he has devoted himself in translating the ancient novels. The achievements of them is the providing of primary materials about ancient novels. But their inclination for the value-free attitude is the most prominent feature, and consequently they can not help falling into the positivism. The positivism means the researches without an arguments. We cannot expect any advances in the field of Chinese novels without debating and the creating agendas. I think that is the crucial point which they have to get through.


Control system design for unmanned helicopters has become a widely studied topic, resulting in numerous design techniques with varying qualities. Many control designs rely on precise knowledge of the highly non-linear system dynamics inherent in a helicopter, and resulting techniques suffer from gain margin issues associated with the effect of the designed control laws on the variable system modes. A robust and heuristically defined control system structure is proposed that can be theoretically designed and empirically tuned in the field based on observed responses. The design is implemented as successively closed loops with four tiers to ensure stability and ease of design. The control architecture presented illustrates a theoretically robust system that, when used with analytic models and low control gains, provides implicit system controllability and stability open to optimization by means of various control techniques. The structure is intended and designed for outdoor operation in near-hover flight, and practical results are given for tests completed in an outdoor environment.


Polarization tensor is an old terminology in mathematics and physics with many recent industrial applications including medical imaging, nondestructive testing and metal detection. In these applications, it is theoretically formulated based on the mathematical modelling either in electrics, electromagnetics or both. Generally, polarization tensor represents the perturbation in the electric or electromagnetic fields due to the presence of conducting objects and hence, it also desribes the objects. Understanding the properties of the polarization tensor is necessary and important in order to apply it. Therefore, in this study, when the conducting object is a spheroid, we show that the polarization tensor is positive-definite if and only if the conductivity of the object is greater than one. In contrast, we also prove that the polarization tensor is negative-definite if and only if the conductivity of the object is between zero and one. These features categorize the conductivity of the spheroid based on in its polarization tensor and can then help to classify the material of the spheroid.


Background
 The Chimeric Antigen Receptor T (CAR-T) cells with strong anti-leukemia role can treat relapsed/refractory CD19-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (CD19+-ALL) with good outcome. The allogeneic CAR-T cells receives activation signals from both T cell receptor (TCR) and CAR, which may possess stronger activity in anti-leukemia cells. However, the infusion of allogeneic CAR-T cells may cause graft-versus-host disease, which could limit its application after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). It is still unclear that the role of the donor-derived CAR-T cells in treating relapsed patients after allo-HSCT. In this study, the prospective study was performed to investigate the role of donor-derived CAR-T cells on relapsed patients after allo-HSCT.
 Methods
 From April 2016 to March 2019, relapsed patients after allo-HSCT with CD19+-ALL and a Karnofsky score greater than or equal to 60 were enrolled in this study. The donor underwent apheresis for mononuclear cells to construct the CAR-T cells. The bone marrow aspiration every month after CART- cells infusion was carried out for the assessment of disease status by follow cytometry. The chimerism was detected every month after CAR-T cells treatment.
 Results
 Eighteen patients enrolled in this study. The median number of infused CAR-T cells was 1.825Í106/Kg. Thirteen patients (13/18=72.22%) reached complete remission (CR) after CAR-T cells treatment. Four patients (4/18=22.22%) had ineffectiveness. One patient died from b uncontrolled bleeding because of low platelet. The patients with blast cells <5% had higher CR. The full chimerism achieved after CART- cells treatment for all patients with the decrease of chimerism at the time of relapse. The median time of follow-up was seven months (ranged from three months to twenty-five months). Three patients with decreased CAR-T cells or chimerism was underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation or relapsed within six months. The other eleven patients were complete remission with full chimerism or the continual proliferation of CAR-T cells without the second allo-HSCT during our follow-up period. Seventeen patients observed cytokine release syndrome in which six patients with degree III-IV. Two patients developed GVHD in skin and intestinal tract. All patients recovered after management. No other severe complications and death were observed.
 Conclusion
 Our results showed that the treatment by donor-derived CAR-T cells for relapsed patients after allo-HSCT is safe and effective. No second transplantation was needed for relapsed patients after allo-HSCT with the treatment of donor-derived CAR-T cells that with good chimerism and continual proliferation of CAR-T cells. However, further clinical trials should be performed to investigate this protocol with larger cases.

 No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


Aim: This study aimed to observe and report the status and the reaction of the body organs in case of administration of excess iodine. Materials and methods: Mice were administrated intraperitoneally KI for forty days. Results showed that the different organs respond to KI administration with different reactions. The thyroid gland expressed a gradual increase in serum thyroid hormones (T4&T3) which was accompanied with a detected significant decrease in serum TSH in addition to an observed histological changes in the thyroid tissue. Liver was the most apparent organ that was affected by excess KI administration followed by the brain through expressing increasing significant T3 levels in tissues compared to control. On the other hand, the heart and the kidneys tissues displayed non significant decrease in T3 levels. The study evaluated some tissue specific enzymes which showed significant biochemical abnormalities in organs' functions. Conclusion: Our data detected the features of a subclinical hyperthyroid case and express the initiation of an iodine induced hyperthyroidism pattern.


Metaphysics is generally understood as the opposite of dialectics,and is regarded as incorrect or even reactionary.It is usually considered as the source of all the erroneous leftist and rightist thoughts,as well as of all the wrong policies.This concept runs contrary to Engles' original meaning.And it does not do justice to this branch of philosophy.The metaphysics as a world outlook is different from the metaphysics as a way of thinking,the latter being the foundation in dialectical thinking.It not only plays an important revolutionary role in the recent history of the West,but also has an irreplaceable value in developing China's market economy,democracy and legal system.


The present invention discloses through edge media gateway realizing IP cross domain intercommunication system. Said system includes adjacent heterogenous or homogeneity IP domain, each IP domain including media gateway controller used for call control; gateway used for media bearing; using single edge media gateway in adjacent heterogenous or homogeneity IP domain realizing cross domain intercommunication. The present invention also provides realizing IP cross domain intercommunication method; when different domain media calling media gateway communicate with called media gateway, calling media gateway makes calling junction and media stream establishment between edge media gateway and called media gateway under controlling by respective media gateway controller; calling media gateway and called media gateway to make cross-domain communication based on established media stream. The present invention can realize two different IP network communications through single edge media gateway.


The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between AOPP (Advanced oxidation protein products) and bovine neutrophils 'in vitro'. For this purpose AOPP were produced "in vitro" by oxidizing bovine serum albumin with HOCl (hypochlorous acid) and bovine neutrophils were isolated from whole blood of dairy cattles. AOPP-BSA were incubated with freshly isolated bovine neutrophils, unstimulated and stimulated with PMA a strong activator of the respiratory burst. Neutrophils ROS production and viability were measured by luminol-amplified chemiluminescence and by MTT and lactate dehydrogenase assays (LDH), respectively. Results obtained have shown that AOPP-BSA are able to reduce significantly ROS production of PMA stimulated neutrophil and their viability measured by MTT assay, no cell lysis was detected by LDH assay. On the basis of these results, our work has studied if AOPP are able to trigger apoptotic events. For this purpose, caspase 8-9-3 and DNA laddering were used as markers in order to discriminate between the 'intrinsic' and the 'extrinsic' pathway of apoptosis. The results obtained showed that un-stimulated bovine neutrophils incubated with AOPP-BSA show a higher but not significant production of active caspase 8 in comparison with the incubation with BSA. Also caspase 3 display an increase, but not significant, in un-stimulated neutrophils after 6 hours of incubation with AOPP-BSA, respects the incubation with BSA. No differences were obtained for caspase 9 and for DNA laddering. Therefore, in these experimental conditions is possible to conclude that the 'intrinsic' pathway of apoptosis was not involved in the reduced functionality of neutrophils or in their reduced viability, but bovine neutrophils incubated with AOPP-BSA seem to be "accompanied" to the early phases of the 'extrinsic' pathways of apoptosis.
In addition, the present work wanted to evaluate the capacity of triggered neutrophils to generate AOPP in vitro. BSA was incubated with un-stimulated and PMA-stimulated bovine neutrophils for 1-2-3 hours and the production of specific markers of protein oxidation such as AOPP, dityrosines and carbonyls was assessed. BSA incubated with stimulated neutrophils presents a significant higher level of AOPP and dityrosines respects the incubation with un-stimulated neutrophils. Carbonyls don't seem to be produced in these condition, at least at the beginning of the incubation. In parallel, BSA incubated with the same concentration of HOCl produced by PMA-stimulated neutrophils, for 1-2-3 hours, presents a higher level of AOPP, dityrosines and carbonyls. Therefore, it's possible to conclude that bovine neutrophils are able to oxidize BSA in vitro and generate chemical and structural modification such as AOPP and dityrosines, in the experimental condition used. However, carbonyls seem to be a non-specific indicator of neutrophils-mediated protein oxidation. The direct exposure of BSA to HOCl couldn't fully mimic the complex events leading to BSA oxidation and AOPP production by activated neutrophils.


A method to evaluate the power spectral density (PSD) of digital frequency modulation (DFM) signals with full and partial response signalling pulses of arbitrary shape is given. For rectangular pulse shapes the PSD computation is exact and for other complex pulse shapes the PSD can be computed to any desired accuracy. Previously published results for partial-response signals can be deduced as special cases.


The principles of NMR imaging applicable to materials are reviewed, and examples of current developments given. Among the different types of materials, polymers are particularly suitable for NMR imaging, because they are rich in protons, the most sensitive NMR nucleus. While the spatial resolution in solid materials is restricted to dimensions larger than 50 μm, the interest in NMR as an imaging technique derives from the abundance of parameters, which can be converted to image contrast for localization and identification of material morphology, chemistry and physics. Particular progress has been achieved in imaging of polymer melts and liquids, where diffusion and non-Newtonian flow are investigated as well as of elastomers, where composition, deterioration by thermal and mechanical aging, and stress distribution can be characterized.


The study empirically examined poverty and inequality in Nigeria with respect to its implications for inclusive growth from 1980 to 2013. Uni-directional causality was found from Poverty (POV) to Growth Rate of Gross Domestic Product (GGDP);Government Expenditure on Health (GEXPH) to Inequality (measured by PCI); Government Expenditure on Education (GEXPED) to PCI; Unemployment (UNEMP) to GEXPH and UNEMP to PCI, no causality was found between POV and PCI (Inequality). Johansen co-integration test revealed evidence of long-run co-integration. GGDP and GEXPH impacts positively on PCI (inequality) but negatively on POV, while PCI impacts negatively on POV. Thus, as the economy grows, public spends more money to improve health services, inequality rises and poverty reduces. GEXPED impacts negatively on PCI (inequality) but positively on POV contrary to theory, a situation where more education failed to lead to quality jobs and improved standard of living.  The study therefore recommends policies and strategies aimed at improving access to quality health facilities and educational opportunities with increased job creating opportunities should be pursued.


Objective To explore the effect of hyperoside on co-stimulatory cells killing gastric cancer cells.Methods Co-stimulatory cells and human gastric cancer cell line MKN-45 were respectively cultured in vitro and cocuhured with different concentrations of hyperoside.CCK8 assay and MTT assay were used to measure the growth curve of these two cells respectively.The cytotoxic activity of co-stimulatory cells to MKN-45 cells were detected by lactate dehydrogenase release (LDH).The expression of perforin,Granzyme B (GraB),CD107a,IFN-γ were detected by flowcytometry (FCM).Western blot was used to measure the expression of phophorylation of kinasel/2 (p-ERKl/2),Bcl-2,p-AKT and β-catenin of co-stimulatory cells.Results After cultured for 10 days,the expression rate of co-stimulatory cells was 38.85%.Compared to the control group,hyeroside at low concentrations induced a time-dependent furtherance to co-stimulatory cells [(drug concentration =0.8 μg/mL,time =72 h,value added rate =(43.73 ± 2.99) %,P < 0.05)] ; hyeroside at concentrations of > 25 μg/mL induced a dose-denpendent inhibition to gastric cancer MKN45 cells with inhibition rate being up to 57.3% (P < 0.05).Compared to the control group,after 72 h,when hyperoside was 0.8 μg/mL,the expression rate of perforin,GraB,CD107a,IFN-γ of co-stimulatory was (85.74 ± 2.89)%,(87.56 ± 3.23) %,(89.66 ± 2.42) %,(82.29 ± 3.95) %,and expression rate increased(P < 0.05) ; the expression rate of Bcl-2,p-AKT,p-ERK 1/2 and 3-catenin of co-stimulatory cells was (71.86 ± 1.16)%,(14.62 ± 0.84) %,(17.44 ± 1.51) %,(15.12 ± 1.55) %,and the expression rate increased at different degrees (P < 0.05),othermore the cytotoxic activity of co-stimulatory cells to the MKN45 cells was the highest [cytotoxic activity =(48.13 ± 2.02)%,P < 0.05].Conclusion Hyperoside at a certain range of concentration could promte the growth of co-stimulatory cells and inhibit gastric cancer MKN-45 cells growing,and enhance the cytotoxic activity of co-stimulatory cells to MKN45 cells.The impossible mechanism may be that hyperoside could increase expression of perforin,GraB,CD107a and IFN-γ via activition of Bcl-2、p-AKT、p-ERK1/2 and β-catenin signaling pathways.

Key words:
Hyperoside;  Co-stimulatory ceils;  Gastric cancer MKN-45 cells;  Cytotoxic activity


The increasing use of the next generation focal plane array infrared detectors has resulted in a growth in the number and types of Thermoelectric Thermal Reference Sources (TTRS). These TTRSs provide a temperature controllable radiometrically uniform, high emissivity surface. When viewed by the system detectors, the TTRS allows the system electronics to perform gain and offset calibration as well as DC restoration. Until now little has been published to aid design engineers trying to incorporate TTRSs into infrared systems. This paper describes the optical, system, electrical, and mechanical parameters of TTRSs. It provides infrared system design engineers with an overview of the critical TTRS parameters as an aid during their design process. TTRSs for scanning and starring arrays are addressed as well as hermetically sealed versus unsealed units. Examples are provided of currently available TTRSs. A discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of hermetically sealed TTRSs as compared to unsealed units is included. The critical parameters of available TTRSs are also discussed.


Objective To study mucosa micro-structure pattern of early cardia cancer and precancerous lesions and its diagnostic value by using enhanced magnification endoscope.Methods One hundred and thirty-six cases of patients from high incidence area were examined by magnifying endoscope with staining of 1.5% acetic acid.The mucosa patterns were classified into five types as follows:type A(round spot pit),type B(short stick pit or thin linear pit),type C(villus pattern),type D(furrow or cerebroid pattern) and type E(irregular pattern and abnormal tumor vessel formed).Subsequently,the correlation between mucosal patterns and histopathology diagnosis was analysed by using statistic methods.Results In the study,483 lesions(including inflammation,precancerous lesions and early cardia cancer) were observed with enhanced magnification endoscope.The mucosal patterns of type A and B were mainly found from inflammation mucosa.Type A typifies fundic glands epithelium,and type B typifies cardiac glands epithelium.Their constituent ratios were 100%(150/150) and 87.7%(143/163) respectively.Type C was mainly found from intestinal metaplasis(IM).The ratio of type C was significantly higher than that of type B or type D(P0.01).Type D was mainly found from low-grade intraepithelial neoplasty(IN).The ratio of type D(55.9%) was significantly higher than that of type C and type E(P0.01).The ratio(41.7%) of type E was significantly higher than type C and type D in high-grade IN(P0.01).The mucosal pattern of 21 cases early cardia cancer all represented type E.There were positive correlations between the five mucosal patterns and the disease degree of cardia(Spearman correlation=0.850,P0.01).Conclusion The distribution of five mucosal pits is correlated with histopathology diagnosis of cardia lesions.Type C,D,E represent the distinctive manifestations of IM,low-grade IN,and early cardia cancer respectively.It is helpful to early detect cardia cancer and precancerous lesions in high incidence area through observing mucosal patterns with enhanced magnification endoscope.


The invention relates to a high tower structure convenient for the emergent evacuation of people and a construction method thereof. The technical problem to be solved is to provide a high tower structure convenient for the emergent evacuation of people and a construction method thereof. The invention aims at providing traffic conditions for a ship to transport overhauling staff and can offer guarantee for the safe evacuation of people on a ship once a fire disaster happens, thus realizing the purposes of putting people first, and being convenient, safe and quick in traffic and evacuation. The technical scheme to solve the problem is as follows: a thin-wall structure A is provided with 1-2 traffic door openings every 6-7m and a security platform under the traffic door opening, and meanwhile a thin-wall structure B is provided with a traffic door opening at the same interval; and an elevator shaft is built inside the tower, a group of working rooms are built outside the elevator shaft from bottom to top, and a traffic staircase communicating up and down is built at the other side, corresponding to the elevator shaft. The structure and the method can be applied to hydraulic and hydro-power engineering and water transportation traffic engineering.


The authors propose a Jini/sup TM/ application framework for packet data mobile systems using active networks technique to offer additional user-defined control functionality, demonstrate the potential use of Jini/sup TM/ Technology for mobile services and infrastructure management, and explore the related security issues.


The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of (a) ongoing, systematic assessment of student growth (i.e., curriculum-based measurement) and (b) expert system instructional consultation on teacher planning and student achievement in the area of mathematics operations. Thirty-three teachers were assigned randomly to treatment groups: curriculum-based measurement (CBM) with expert system instructional consultation (CBM-ExS), CBM with no expert system instructional consultation (CBM-NExS), and control (i.e., no CBM). Teachers implemented treatments for 20 weeks. Analyses indicated that, compared to the control group, both CBM groups appeared to revise students' instructional programs more frequently. However, only the CBM-ExS group effected superior student achievement. Analysis of the nature of teachers' instructional adjustments indicated that the teaching revisions of the CBM-ExS teachers incorporated a dual focus on what types of problems to teach and what strategies to employ for teaching. By contrast, the CBM-NExS teachers focused solely on what types of problems to reteach. Findings are discussed in terms of previous studies of teacher planning and implications for practice.


Resource insects can be divided into direct ones and indirect ones.This paper deals with the elementary researches done on the resource insects that exist in the Maolan Nature Reserve,such as those used as medicine,those as food,those for viewing and admiring,those for spreading pollens and those as the natural enemy against destructive pest,and puts forward some suggestions for their protection and application.


The introduction of the platinum group of anticancer agents is a classic story of serendipity. In 1975, while investigating the effect of an electrical field on bacterial growth, Rosenberg et al1 found that the replication of Escherichia coli was inhibited by an electrical current passed between platinum electrodes. They later found that this growth inhibition was not caused by the electrical current, but by several platinum compounds formed in the medium. Subsequent investigation of these compounds led to the identification of platinum diamminodichloride (as-platinum ; DDP) as the most active antitumour agent in animal systems. Since 1972 DDP has been available as a research drug from the National Cancer Institute in the USA, and it is now commercially available in Britain (Neoplatin; Mead Johnson). This review aims at providing clinicians with infor mation on the optimal methods of use, the toxicity, and the antitumour effects of the drug.


From planned economy to "Planned Economy Supplemented by Market Regulation", then to the build up of socialist market economy; from cognition of the basic functioning of the market in economic operation to its decisive functioning as determined in the third plenary session of the 18 thParty Congress, CCP's cognition of socialist market economy has deepened with the freeing of thinking and with the practice and has effectively promoted the development of China's society giving us revelations.


In this article a compact ultra-wideband antenna is presented. The antenna is compact, lightweight, easy to fabricate and has a moderate gain. A three dimensional fullwave electromagnetic simulation software (Microwave Studio) has been used for the analysis and optimization of the antenna. Simulation results and measurements for a prototype of this antenna are presented.


The utility model discloses a magnetic grinding device for synchronously polishing the inner surface and the outer surface of a straight pipe. The inner surface and the outer surface of the straight pipe can be synchronously polished. Moreover, uniformity of polishing of the inner surface and the outer surface can be kept very well. The device is provided with inner surface machining magnetic pole sets and outer surface machining magnetic pole sets. An even high-intensity magnetic field formed by each magnetic pole set can attract a large amount of magnetic grinding material. A three-jaw self-centering chuck rotates to drive a workpiece to rotate, and at the moment, relative motion and friction between the straight pipe and the grinding material are generated, so that the polishing treatment is performed on the inner surface and the outer surface of the straight pipe. A direct-current reversible speed regulation motor can receive signals from limit sensors, and then the rotating direction of the motor is adjusted. Through spiral transmission of a leads screw and a lead screw nut, the inner surface machining magnetic pole sets and the outer surface machining magnetic pole sets move along the straight line in a reciprocating mode. The inner surface machining magnetic pole sets and the outer surface machining magnetic pole sets can be made to perform repeated polishing on the inner surface and the outer surface of the straight pipe, and therefore the high-quality surfaces are obtained and have low surface residual stress and small surface roughness.


The foliar spray of seaweed liquid extracts (SLE) (Fucus spiralis and Ulva rigida) was applied at three different concentrations (12.5, 25 and 50) to the plants of Salvia plants (Salvia officinalis L.) submitted or not to water stress (moderate and severe stress). The application of seaweed extract significantly enhanced growth parameters. The highest plant height was obtained with application of 50% concentration of U. rigida,followed by 25% concentration of F. spiralis that resulted in 40 and 15% increases, respectively, compared to the control plants. The maximum dry weight was also achieved with the same concentration of seaweed extract. Improved photosynthetic pigment content such as chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b was also observed with seaweed extracts application. Total chlorophyll amount was enhanced to 2.15 and 1.62 times when the plants were sprayed with U. rigida (50%) and F. spiralis (25%) extracts, respectively. Water deficit effect on S. officinalis L was notably reduced by the application of seaweed extracts. Thus, under moderate stress, the plant showed an important reduction of total chlorophyll (55.34%) compared to plant treated with U. rigida extract (32%) and F. spiralis (33%). The lipid peroxidation was low pronounced in plants stressed and treated by seaweed extract. Hence, low content ofmalondialdehyde (MDA) (7.30 µM g-1 FW. and 5.7 µM g-1 FW.) was exhibited in plant stressed and treated with 50% of U. rigida extract and 25% of F. spiralis extract, respectively, compared to plant controls (13.99 µM g-1 FW). In conclusion, these data suggests that seaweed extract can be applied as natural fertilizer in agricultural sector.

 Key words: Fucus spiralis, growth parameters, Morocco, peroxidation, proline, Salvia officinalis, seaweed extract, Ulva rigida, chlorophyll.


The discussions were held under the Chatham House Rule. There was no attempt to reach a consensus during the meeting or through this report. The key points and recommendations which are included in this report may not be attributed to any participating individual or organisation, nor do they necessarily represent the views of all the meeting participants, the European Peacebuilding Liaison Office (EPLO), or the EU institutions.


This reseach aims to examine service quality of Kalidoni urban village Office, Palembang City, the supporting and inhibiting factors of service at Kalidoni village office, Palembang City. This research used a qualitative approach with a descriptive level of explanation. Data or information is collected through informant interviews. The results showed that based on the Tangible dimension (physical evidence), the availability of facilities and infrastructure to support the convenience of services such as waiting rooms, parking lots, toilets, prayer rooms, suggestion boxes, and service counters at Kalidoni village office, Palembang City Based on the dimension of reliability, service procedures are a little indifferent due to improper turnaround time. Based on the dimension of Responsiveness, officers do not give a positive response to community complaints, and there is no follow-up to the criticisms and suggestions submitted. Based on the dimension of Assurance, there is still a delay in the process of completing the services provided that are not in accordance with the existing standard operating procedures because there are still people who do not complete the required requirements, so they are required to complete these requirements to be able to continue the procedure. Empathy dimension (Empathy), the lack of attention given by the officers and the lack of hospitality received by the community are complaints that are often raised by the public.


Biomass in the form of crop residue has the potential to be a new energy source and an
alternative to fossil fuels because of its high energy content and availability. In order for crop residue
to be a competitive energy source, the sustainability of such a program must be evaluated. The
effect of removing crop residue from traditional row crop fields after the harvest of the grain raises
concerns over the effects it will have on soil erosion and soil fertility. The Water Erosion Prediction
Project (WEPP) model was used in this project to estimate the effect that harvesting crop residue
could have on soil erosion. The erosion at different crop residue removal rates was compared on
different soils and on different slopes. The simulation showed that soil type had a smaller effect on
erosion than did slope or biomass removal rate.


Islam in Southeast Asia (SEA) in general and in Malaysia, Indonesia and Brunei in particular, has been dominated by the ideology of Sunnism since it arrived in the region in the 11th century. However, since few decades ago, other theology especially Shi'ism started to grab the followers among the Sunni Muslim society in the region amidst the controversies arisen. This paper studies the influence of Shi'ism among the Sunni Muslims in SEA particularly in Malaysia, Indonesia and Brunei in order to know how Shi'ism spread and its responses from Muslims scholars as well as religious authorities in the region. By employing library research and observation, this research present the current development of Shi'ism in the region and portray the analytical study on the responses and the opinions of Muslim scholars as well as with the prominent figures of the religious authorities in Malaysia, Indonesia and Brunei. Among the important findings of the research is that Shi'ism managed to get footstep in the region after the Iran revolution in 70th through various methods, education mission, socio-cultural relation as well as ideological propagation. However, as a new ideology, Shi'ism has sparked diverse responses and created polemic among the Muslims society especially among the Muslim scholars and the Islamic authorities in the region due its sensitive issue ideologically, economically and politically.


RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSdAfter conducting a retrospective survey of .200,000 case records, we identified T2DM survivors (.40 years of duration) and age at diagnosis and sex-matched T2DMnonsurvivors. Prevalence of complications and causes of death were analyzed. Retinopathy was diagnosed by retinal photography. Microalbuminuria and macroalbuminuria, peripheral vascular disease based on ankle-brachial index,0.9, coronary artery disease, based on history of myocardial infarction or coronary revascularization, and neuropathy, based on vibration perception threshold .20 V, were compared in both groups.


This paper presents an original approach to image sharing in large, distributed digital libraries, in which a user is able to interactively search interesting resources by means of content-based image retrieval techniques. The approach described here addresses the issues arising when the content is managed through a peer-to-peer architecture. In this case, the retrieval facilities are likely to be limited to queries based on unique identifiers or small sets of keywords, which may be quite inadequate, so we propose a novel algorithm for routing user queries that exploits compact representations of multimedia resources shared by each peer in order to dynamically adapt the network topology to peer interests on the basis of query interactions among users.


The problems of culture theory, semiotics and cognitive linguistics are considered in the aspect of the world model and linguistic world picture theory using the material of the mythological cults of water, stone and tree in the English, Bashkir and Russian languages.


Perforations complicating peptic ulcer are of common occurrence. They may be classified in five groups: (1) into the greater peritoneal cavity, (2) into the lesser peritoneal cavity, (3) retroperitoneal, (4) localized walled-off perforations, and (5) perforations into other organs. The vast majority of recognized perforations are of the diffuse, spreading type, involving the greater peritoneal cavity. A perusal of the literature reveals scant information on the other forms. Acute diffuse perforations involving the greater peritoneal cavity occur in two forms: a progressive type, requiring immediate surgical intervention, and a forme fruste which spontaneously seals itself. In the diffuse progressive form, there is a spreading generalized peritonitis with free air and often fluid in the greater peritoneal cavity. Perforation of this type is an acute abdominal catastrophe, accompanied by shock and prostration. There is usually a history of ulceration of long standing. The clinical and roentgen diagnosis is ...


Ribosomal RNA synthesis was selectively inhibited in HeLa cells by lucanthone, a clinically useful schistosomicide which shares many of the properties of Actinomycin D. Synthesis of DNA‐like RNA continued during complete inhibition of ribosomal RNA synthesis. Under these conditions newly synthesized DNA‐like RNA accumulated normally in polyribosomes of the cell cytoplasm; most of it appeared to be messenger RNA. DNA synthesis was partially inhibited by lucanthone but protein synthesis was undisturbed. Synthesis of ribosomal RNA promptly resumed after removal of lucanthone and cell survival was not affected if exposures to the drug were limited to two hours.


The operating process, microstructures, mechanical properties and cost of the low alloy martensitic nodular cast iron grinding balls using EPC and immediate quenching were introduced in this paper. Comparison of the grinding balls with those cast by metal model was carried out. It was found by industrial experiments that the wear resistance of the grinding balls is about two times higher than that of the low chromium grinding balls cast by metal model.


To inspect the pollution released by Hard Iron (a kind of radioactive source Pm),a kind of portative soft-βdosage instrument is needed.According to the energy specialty of β-particle of Pm,the three most important things to be done for improving the detective efficiency are: to choose a low-noise photoelectrical multiple-canal; to develop the flickering three-united-benzene crystal; and to design the appropriate electrical circuits.The most adaptive flickering three-united-benzene crystal has been developed from experiments.The detective efficiency could reach to twenty-seven percent.


Abstract The study measures the level of customer involvement related to Organic Food (OF) purchase through FCB Grid. A conceptual model was developed to identify the location of OF in FCB Grid by testing the sequencing of Knowledge, Attitude and Purchase Behavior effects. Two scales were adopted from a study by Ghosh et al. (2016) to measure Knowledge and Attitude pertaining to organic food. Similar such scale with minor moderation was formed for Purchase behavior. 868 responses were analyzed through Structural Equation Model, which indicates that OF falls on the first quadrant of FCB grid and is a high involvement product. This implies Knowledge drives Attitude and Attitude drives Purchase Behavior and demands informative strategy where economic considerations prevail prior to purchase. Organic food production is a sustainable process and positively impacts the livelihood of marginal farmers and will improve the quality of the soil and health of the consumers.


Abstract 4081 Introduction: Multiple myeloma (MM) accounts for 10% of hematological malignancies and 1% of cancer. It represents the second most common hematologic malignancy. The disease is characterised by plasma cell infiltration of the bone marrow, osteolytic bone lesions and the presence of a monoclonal paraprotein in the serum or urine. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a key molecule in the pathogenesis of MM. Its secretion occurs from the tumoral plasma cell as well as from the microenvironment. This results in myeloma cell proliferation. Tocilizumab, a humanized anti IL-6 receptor monoclonal antibody that blocks IL-6 cell-to-cell signaling, is currently being studied in MM. Most MM patients experience bone lesions. In spite of the new imaging techniques, the distinction between malignant and benign lesions remains sometimes difficult in clinical practice. The development of a more specific imaging agent may improve the accuracy of this diagnosis. Objective: Development of 99mTcHYNIC-Tocilizumab conjugate. Chemical and biological evaluation as a potential imaging agent in multiple myeloma. Methodology: 10 mg Tocilizumab (Roche) were added to 20 mg HYNIC in NaHCO3 1M, incubated for 30 min at room temperature and purified by means of PD10 column. 1 ml fractions were measured at 280nm. Conjugation of HYNIC-Tocilizumab was evaluated by mass spectrometry MALDITOF and acrylamide gel electrophoresis. 20 uL Tricine/stannous chloride in a 1:1 mass relation were added to 1 mg HYNIC-Tocilizumab in 100 uL of 0.9% NaCl. 2 mL of a solution containing 370 MBq 99m TcO 4 - was added. Radiochemical purity was controlled by three chromatographic systems: ITLC/NaCl 0.9%, Whatman 1MM/MEK, ITLC in BSA/EtOH-NH3-H2O (2:1:5) as stationary and mobile phase, respectively. Binding to IL-6 receptor in U266 myeloma cells was evaluated i n vitro at 15, 30, 60 and 120 min. Tocilizumab was derivatized with FTIC and purified by PD10 column. Laser scanning confocal microscopy was done with an excitation/emission wavelength of 488/530 nm. Fluorescent images were obtained. Biodistribution studies were performed at 24 h in CD1 normal mice (n=3). Each mice was injected with 37 MBq of 99mTcHYNIC-Tocilizumab and sacrificed 24 hs after injection. Organs of interest were collected. Results: Mass spectroscopy MALDITOF (MH+Tocilizumab 147626 Da, M+HYNIC-Tocilizumab 148375 Da) confirmed derivatization of the antibody. This represents 5 molecules of HYNIC per molecule of the antibody. Poliacrylamide gel electrophoresis confirmed that the antibody retained its integrity after derivatization. Radiochemical purity was 88±3 %. In vitro cell binding assays confirmed the binding ability of the radiolabeled antibody to IL-6 receptor. Specificity of binding was supported by competition experiments using unlabelled antibody. Confocal microscopy proved the ability of the fluorescent antibody to recognize the IL-6 receptor in U266 myeloma cells. Biodistribution at 24 h showed blood (8.0±2.0) %act/g, liver (11±1.5) %act/g, kidney (4.0±1.0)%act/g and spleen (6±1.4) %act/g uptake with hepatic and renal elimination. Animal models of MM are being evaluated using xenografted MM cells. Conclusion: 99mTcHYNIC-Tocilizumab labeling was performed. The labeled antibody retained adequate biochemical and biological properties, which included maintenance of specific binding to IL-6 receptor. These findings indicate that this radiolabeled antibody could be used as an imaging agent in multiple myeloma. Acknowledgements: OIEA, Laboratorios Roche, Dr Gustavo Arroyo. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


Nowadays laser diodes, LED's, optical waveguides, directional couplers and photo detectors are widely used in telecommunication for biomedical applications, pollution monitoring tools etc. Lasers can be designed by using various semiconductor materials by changing their composition. In our work we have designed a nano-scale heterostructure using semiconductor compounds GaInP/AlGaInP for generating a wavelength of 635nm having optical gain of order ∼4000/cm at carrier injection around 5*1012/cm2 at room temperature. Calculation of wave functions, dipole moments and optical gain are done by using Luttinger Kohn 4*4 model. The optical gain computed for Ga0.46In0.54P/Al0.25Ga0.27In0.48P type- I quantum well heterostructure (varying well width 3nm-7nm) is further analyzed for external strain applied and at different temperatures in order to make the laser more suitable to be used for different purposes. The effect of uniaxial strain [1] shows advancement in optical gain under z polarization whereas x and y polarizations are less effected by applied strain. The designed heterostructure is analyzed under different temperature conditions for below and above room temperature. The reported results show that the designed laser can be used for a range of 600-650nm wavelength.


ABSTRACT The gherkin (Cucumis anguria L.) is a species of African origin, belonging to the family of cucurbits, widely cultivated in Brazil, but with little information on the genetic control of the characteristics. Additive gene effects, reflected in estimates of variety or performance effects "per se," are important in the expression of traits in maxixe genotypes. The objective of this study was to estimate the combinatorial capacity and the gene effect in gherkin genotypes. Two experiments were conducted in 2 years in a randomized block design with three replications. The treatments were nine parents of gherkin and their hybrid combinations obtained in a diallel cross. Varietal heterotic expression as the greatest in the characteristics of fruit diameter, average weight, and firmness of the fruit pulp. In gherkin genotypes, the largest deviations due to non-additive gene effects were in the characteristics of fruit diameter, length, and yield. In general, the crosses that had commercial genotypes as parents, presented high average estimates, associated in some cases with favorable estimates of non-additive gene effects.


The invention provides a shooting mode switching processing method and device. The method comprises the steps that current scene information is obtained, wherein the scene information comprises one or any combination of the following information, namely position information, time information and light intensity information; in a scene database, a shooting mode corresponding to the current field information is checked; and switching is carried out according to the shooting mode corresponding to the current scene information. By obtaining the current scene information, in the scene database, the corresponding shooting mode is checked, switching of shooting modes can be carried out, shooting mode switching without manual operation of a user can be achieved automatically, switching efficiency is improved, and the best shooting chance cannot be missed.


Based on fastener type full steel tubular scaffolds of power transmission and transformation project, this paper discusses in detail the establishment process of three-dimensional finite element model, including steel pipes, semi-rigid connections, mass of fasteners and boundary conditions. The stability of scaffold is analyzed and the failure mode of instability and ultimate bearing capacity are calculated. Then the static analysis is carried out to analyze the displacement and axial force response of the scaffold during construction, and finally the measures to strengthen the stability and safety of the scaffolds are given.


One of the most important issues for treatment of paper works is use of long-lasting (endurable) materials. In this study, Mechanical properties of Bacterial cellulose Nanofibers (BCN) for preservation of paper works are investigated. For this purpose, Suspension of BCN in Klucel-G polymeric matrix with doses of 0.5, 1, and 2 Wt% of dry matter were prepared and were coated on the pure cellulose paper (filter paper) by hydro-soluble casting method, and then tensile strength (TS) and folding endurance (FE) mechanical tests were performed. Also, in order to evaluate durability properties (long-lasting) of the cellulose fiber bionanocomposite, accelerated aging test was conducted in moist heat conditions. After performing mechanical test, obtained results were investigated and it was observed that the presence of this nanofibers in Klucel-G matrix, although lowers the initial mechanical properties (before aging), but increases durability of bio-nanocomposite compared to pure Klucel-G polymer matrix, and hence, as protective coatings, results in prevention of early aging. As a result, this prepared nanocomposite would have applications as a new reinforcing and endurable polymeric coating for preservation of paper works and prevention from further loss of their strength, and also there would be less need for retreatment.


The application security of information systems is essentially to ensure the safety of business processes elements (BPEs) supported by information system, that is, by implementing appropriate security measures to ensure that the business processes operate in a well-defined and logical manner. A security model based on business process is proposed in this paper, through defining basic safe attributes of business process, also the security target recognition and consistency test of the model are given.


In this issue of the Journal, Pass et al.1 remind us yet again that the fallout from the once uncontrolled use of asbestos will remain with us for years to come. Thankfully, primary prevention of m...


The seven papers in this special section are extended versions of papers presented at the first IEEE International Workshop of Applied Measurements for Power Systems (AMPS), which was held in Germany on September 22-24, 2010.


This study deals with the containership stowage problem, determining how to stow containers to the containership slots. To improve the containership operational efficiency and meet the containership seaworthy requirements, a basic model is proposed for the simplified containership stowage problem. And then, it is extended by incorporating more practical considerations, which are progressively embedded in extensive models for different scenarios. These integer linear programming models aim to minimize the number of overstows under the restriction of the mechanical factors, the physical structure, and the stowing rules. The experimental results show that the models have strong scalability for various scenarios.


This paper makes a careful study of "Zhounan.Taoyao" and makes clear what the Chinese idiom "taozhiyaoyao" refers to.The writer offers his deeper understanding of the figurative meaning of a peach and the theme of " Zhounan.Taoyao".


Studies on the biological effects of solar ultraviolet radiations are becoming increasingly common, in part due to recent interest in the Antarctic ozone hole and in the perceived potential for global climate change. Marine organisms possess many strategies for ameliorating the potentially damaging effects of UV-B (280-320 nm) and the shorter wavelengths of UV-A (320-400nm). One mechanism is the synthesis of bioaccumulation of ultraviolet radiation absorbing compounds. Several investigators have noted the presence of absorbing compounds in spectrophotometer scans of extracts from a variety of marine organisms, particularly algae and coelenterates containing endosymbiotic algae. The absorbing compounds are often mycosporine-like amino acids. Thirteen mycosporine-like amino acids have already been described, and several others have recently been detected. Although, the mycosporine-like amino acids are widely distributed. these compounds are by no means the only type of UV-B absorbing compounds which has been identified. Coumarins from green algae, quinones from sponges, and indoles from a variety of sources are laternative examples which are documented in the natural products literature. When the biological impact of solar ultraviolet radiation is assessed, adequate attention must be devoted to the process of photoadaptation, including the accumulation of ultraviolet radiation absorbing compounds.


Effects of sodium chloride(NaCl)/polyethylene oxide(PEO) on crystallization and mechanical properties of glass fiber reinforced polyethylene terephthalate(PET) composites were studied. Compared with common nucleating agent sodium benzoate, NaCl/PEO had a better nucleating effect and accelerated the crystallization of PET, and the composites with NaCl/PEO had higher flexural modulus and better surface gloss. Working mechanism of NaCl/PEO on the crystallization of the sysytem was analyzed. It was supposed that NaCl and PEO might react to create PEO Na + complex at high temperature. The complex can not only reduce the glass transition temperature of PET, but also provide more cores for crystallization.


The use of coatings to enhance the performance of components is one of the most powerful tools in materials engineering. This article highlights some examples of how thermal spray technologies are used to enhance surface properties for selected applications and industries.


Acetylsalicylic acid is synthesized under ultrasound irradiation,using salicylic acid and acetic acid anhydride as raw materials and catalyzed over aminosulfonic acid. The optimum reaction conditions are selected,molar ratio of salicylic acid to acetic acid anhydride is 1:2:0.003,and the irradiation power is 250W,the irradiation time is 15min.The yield was over 95.8%.


Objectives: Bipolar disorder (BD) is associated with abnormalities in the serotonin transporter (5‐HTT), but specific in vivo findings have been discrepant. Using positron emission tomography (PET) and [11C]DASB, we compared 5‐HTT binding between unmedicated depressed BD subjects and healthy volunteers (HVs). Experimental Design: 5‐HTT binding in six brain regions was compared between 17 depressed, unmedicated BD subjects and 31 HVs, using the outcome measure of VT/fP (proportional to the total number of available transporters). Alternative outcome measures were examined as well. 47% of BD were BP I; and 65% reported a prior suicide attempt. Principal Observations: 5‐HTT binding (VT/fP) did not differ between BD and HV groups considering six brain regions of interest simultaneously (P = 0.24). In contrast, alternative outcome measures (BPF*, BPP*, and BPND*) indicated lower binding in BD compared with HV across these six regions of interest (BPF*: P = 0.047; BPP*: P = 0.032; BPND*: P = 0.031). 5‐HTT binding was unrelated to suicide attempt history, depression severity, bipolar subtype, or history of past substance use disorder. Conclusions: Choice of outcome measure strongly affects comparisons of serotonin transporter binding using PET with [11C]DASB. We do not find evidence of abnormal 5‐HTT binding in bipolar depression using our primary outcome measure, VT/fP. However, we did observe lower 5‐HTT binding in BD with alternative outcome measures that are frequently used with [11C]DASB. Relative merits and assumptions of different outcome measures are discussed. Evaluation in larger samples and during different mood states, including remission, is warranted. Synapse 70:24–32, 2016.. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


▬The kinetic behavior of CuZn -ferrite crystallization process has been studied by co-precipitation of chlorine salt and alkaline solution. Either the parameter of temperature rate variation, pH previous of reactant and pH alkaline solution results non isothermal process was described by Avrami Ozawa equation. In the nonisothermal process there are just one experiment can be sufficiency to reveal any crystal forming parameters but in the isothermal needs several different temperature experiments to reveals the parameter of crystal forming . In this research have be done experiments one time of one sample non –isothermal in Flow Injection Synthesis Coprecipitation Reactor complete by data logger acquisition of pH and temperature process . The sampling of experiment data have be done effectively using pH and temperature data logger. As a result the energy forming of the cupper zinc ferrite are about 0.5kcal/mol Characterization have be done by both Xray Diffraction and EDX quantitative analysis. In this study indicates that making Ferrite material with a co-precipitation method has many parameter and constrain necessary to obtain mono disperse of yield. Index Term-co-precipitation of zinc-ferrite, non-isothermal process, crystallization, crystalline mechanism, data logger acquisition system, flow injection synthesis.