Along with the increasingly fast development of elearning and the transformation of the traditional classroom, novel technology should be applied in human learning domain, that is called smart learning. Since deep learning has been quickly developed in recent years, a diversity of prediction methods have been successfully applied in many domains. Most of the recent studies about student's performance prediction mainly use machine learning methods like decision tree and k-nearest neighbors to discover the correlation between the student's features and performances. In this work, we explore the application of deep learning in student's performance prediction scenario. Inspired by some works in which the combination of deep learning with collaborative filtering is explored, we propose a novel method based on neural collaborative filtering for student's performance prediction which, unlike other recent works about student's performance prediction, does not require outer features of students. The main contribution of our work is that we explore a novel representation method for latent features in which the latent space is separated on several parts by their meanings which allows the model to learn a better latent representation for inference. Our results for real student's score prediction show that our proposed methods can outperform existing models.


Cover system field trials are often constructed and monitored in order to develop calibrated soil-atmosphere numerical models. A model calibrated to measured cover system field trial performance (i.e. in situ conditions) can be used to: 1) help interpret monitoring data and identify key processes controlling performance, 2) validate measured net percolation, 3) predict cover system performance under long-term climate variability , and 4) provide a tool for full- scale cover system design (i.e. compare the performance of alternative designs). In addition, the calibrated model provides credibility and confidence with respect to performance of the cover system from a closure perspective. Field trials were constructed in 2002 to evaluate the performance of two alternate cover system designs for closure of the Peak Gold Mine tailings storage facility. Simulations were used to estimate an average net percolation of 7.5 mm/yr (1.7% of average annual rainfall) for the 1.5 m cover and zero net percolation for the 2.0 m cover over a 31-year climate record. At the time of design the simulated net percolation volumes were considered to be conservative relative to anticipated measured performance. The simulation was based on the assumption that cover properties were homogeneous and consequently the moisture dynamics within the cover would be uniform across the cover. A review of monitoring data suggests that the cover is heterogeneous and that lateral movement of surface water is occurring to zones of focused recharge. Rainfall intensity, surface geometry, and material heterogeneity dictate the extent to which surface waters are redistributed. This paper illustrates how spatial heterogeneity in cover geometry and material properties would need to be incorporated into the simulation to represent the observed water movement within the cover.


We have studied anisotropic magnetic properties of layered intermetallic superconductor CaAlSi with moderate anisotropy. Near the upper critical field there is a prominent peak effect for $H||c$ at low temperatures and it becomes weaker for $H||\mathrm{ab}.$ The estimated correlation length ${L}_{c}$ suggests the presence of three-dimensional collective pinning around the peak effect. The critical current densities for $H||c$ and $H||\mathrm{ab}$ have been extracted and compared. Flux pinning mechanism in CaAlSi is anisotropic. Collective core pinning is observed for $H||c$ whereas there is a signature of deviation from it for $H||\mathrm{ab}.$ The vortex phase diagram, including the upper critical field, irreversibility field, and peak field, has been studied. The thermodynamic critical field and Ginzburg-Landau parameter have been estimated from the equilibrium magnetization. The nature of scaling of the maximum pinning force densities with the thermodynamic critical field has been discussed. The temperature dependence of London penetration depth is consistent with single fully gapped state in CaAlSi.


The first books on thought experiments (TEs) appeared in 1991 (Brown 1991 and Horowitz & Massey (eds.) 1991). Since then, the fast-growing literature on the subject has generated a large number of different views (for a survey see above all Fehige and Brown 2010, and Stuart, Fehige & Brown (eds.) 2018). However, this debate has dealt relatively little with the problem of mathematical TEs, and has devoted even less attention to the comparison between TEs in mathematics and in the empirical sciences, although an indirect, though fundamental treatment of TEs in mathematics can be found in Lakatos 1963-4.1 This neglect of mathematics might have something to do with the complexity of the topic, since many fundamental and difficult questions arise in connection with TEs in mathematics. It is already sufficiently difficult to define TEs and assess their epistemological and methodological status without introducing issues concerning the nature of mathematics. But the most important reason lies, in our opinion, in the fact that the similarity between these two types of thought experiments, with rare exceptions, was usually assumed without discussion, starting from Mach himself (Mach


The aim of this study was to determine the anthocyanins, ascorbic acid content and the antiradical activity in less common fruit species native in the territory of Slovakia (black mulberries, cornelian cherries, blackberries, blackthorn, rowanberries) and honeyberries (Lonicera kamtschatica) originated from Kamtschatka. Anthocyanins were evaluated after extraction from solid materials with acidified ethanol or after direct solution of liquid samples with HCl in ethanol solution by spectrophotometer measurement. To evaluate the antiradical activity, a spectrophotometer method based on the reaction of antioxidants with a stable radical 2,2- diphenyl- 1- picrylhydrazyle (DPPH•) in methanol solution was used. The reduction properties of ascorbic acid are used in the measurement. The highest value of anthocyanin pigments was found out in honeyberries (Lonicera kamtschatica) of all analyzed clones. Black mulberries of the genotype M104 and cornelian cherries of the genotypes 55 a 44 are the most significant sources of ascorbic acid among analysed less common fruit species. It is an interesting fact that blackthorns (Prunus spinosa) contenting the lowest value of ascorbic acid (10.31±1.016 mg.100 g -1 ) and medium value of anthocyanins (1.71±0.08 g.kg -1 ) shows the highest level of antiradical activity (461.25±3.69 % ≈ EC 50 = 0.1084 ± 0.0101). A similar phenomenon was observed in honeysuckles, too. According to these results we can suppose that another flavonoids (flavonols, flavons and flavanols) can also significantly contributed to antiradical activity of the blackthorns and edible honeysuckles. In summary, analysed less known fruit species are important sources of nutritive compounds, particularly anthocyanins, ascorbic acid and show significant free radical scavenging ability.


This paper was withdrawn by the authors due an error in the elimination of the front in the linearized interior equations (28)-(29).


Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry is used to determine the content of 8 kinds of heavy metals in 50 surface soil samples from Fildes Peninsula,Antarctic,including Cr 4.21~42.13 mg/kg,Ni 6.37~29.01 mg/kg,Cu 28.12~165.32 mg/kg,Zn 14.32~102.16 mg/kg,As 0.28~30.83 mg/kg,Cd 0.01~0.88 mg/kg,Hg 0.005~0.214 mg/kg,Pb0.10~2.80 mg/kg. Relative cumulative frequency analysis is used to determine the baseline values for 8 metals,including Cr6.51 mg/kg,Ni 13.81 mg/kg,Cu 81.62 mg/kg,Zn 36.40 mg/kg,As 1.54 mg/kg,Cd 0.09 mg/kg,Hg 0.019 mg/kg,Pb0.65 mg/kg. Principal component analysis is put into use aiming to identify the influencing factors of these heavy metals,and results show that Cd,Pb,Hg,As and Cr may have been elevated in concentration by human activities.


Abstract : Congress has become increasingly more interested in the services materiel acquisition processes. A primary focus of this new concern has been major weapon system operational test and evaluation. This study examines the merits and demerits of congressional initiatives to improve the overall quality of operational test and evaluation, as they relate to the United States Army. The problems and impacts of new Survivability/Vulnerability 'live-fire' legislation are explored. Further, the primary and second order effects associated with the strict adherence to the recent congressional mandate which precludes any participation of weapon system contractors or subcontractors in the operational testing and evaluation of their system are also assessed. Military procurement.


Vacuum Interrupters (VI) have been the dominant switching device in medium voltage switchgear for the past 30 years. They have proved very reliable and many have been in service well beyond the 20 year service lives that manufacturers assigned to them. We have examined over 200 life-expired VI withdrawn from service for checking. The only end-of-life failure mechanism found was degradation of vacuum. About seven percent had such poor vacuum that they either did not withstand test voltage or they would be expected to fail quite soon. This is a very high rate of failure compared to that reported for VI within their design life of 20 years, and implies that the sample may be showing signs of end of life faults.


As a result of the research, it was found that the lack of formed and established boundaries in newly formed territorial communities significantly affects the implementation of land management within their territory, the reliability of land registration and statistical reporting, the flow of funds to local budgets, the efficiency and rationality of the use of natural resources, which complicates the activities of local self-government bodies. It was clarified that the implementation of projects for the formation and establishment of boundaries of village and settlement councils was not carried out, that is, the formation of their boundaries took place only on paper without verification on the ground, and as a result, inaccurate areas and limits were obtained. These measures may be introduced in case of implementation of the proposed changes to the Land Code of Ukraine and the Law of Ukraine "On Land Management". The expected results are presented in the event of implementation of these measures. Key words: united territorial community, formation of boundaries, establishment of boundaries, bodies of local self-government.


The purpose of this paper is to investigate some nonlinear integral inequalities on time scales. Our results unify and extend some continuous inequalities and their corresponding discrete analogues. The theoretical results are illustrated by a simple example at the end of this paper.


The generalized joint spectral radius with exponent p is investigated. 1. Basic Notions Definition 1. The joint spectral radius of a given set {A1, A2, . . . , Ak} ⊂ L(Rd) of linear operators is ρ(A1, A2, . . . , Ak) = lim m→∞max σ ‖Aσ(1) · · ·Aσ(m)‖ 1/m , where σ runs the set of all the substitutions σ: {1, . . . ,m} → {1, . . . , k}. The notion of joint spectral radius have appeared birthly by G.C. Rota and G. Strang in 1960 [1]. In 1988–90 its close relation to the regularity exponent of Daubeshies wavelets in the space C[a, b] was established by Collela, Heil, Daubeshies, Lagarias etc. [2], [3], [4], [5]. The wavelets of Daubeshies is a system of functions {ψij}i,j∈Z 1) ψij = 2−j/2ψ00(2jx− i), 2) {ψij} – ortonormal basis in L2(R), 3) suppψ00 ⊂ [0, N ], N ∈ N. The function ψ00 can be constructed by a scaling function φ by formula ψ00(x) = N ∑ k=0 (−1)CN−kφ(2x − k). The scaling function φ is a solution of dilation equation or two-scale difference equation:


Cylindrical developer container 32 is detachably attached to the image forming apparatus 100 and the main body portion that holds a developer therein. The developer container comprises an outlet provided at a side of the developer container to discharge the developer in the developer container of claim. Input unit 37 is provided adjacent the outlet, and comprises a smaller diameter has a smaller internal diameter than the container body portion, and if the container is attached to the image forming apparatus, the drive motor 41 of the image forming apparatus in combination with it receives a rotational force of the driving motor. Developer guiding unit (33a, 90Y) that the developer inside the developer container by rotating the container the developer makes it past the small diameter of the input unit moves to the outlet.


AbstractTA group of 22 patients suffering from Meniere's disease were examined by electrocochleo-graphy. Tor the standard audiometric frequencies of 500 Hz and higher, the electrocochleographic and psycho-acoustic data arc compared with reference to the threshold values and loudness recruitment. The results of electrocochleography performed with amplitude-modulated stimuli suggest a physiological basis for the SISI test. A steep slope of the input-output curves is indicative for positive recruitment, according to the ABLB test and high SISI scores.The negative summating potential value, although very pronounced with respect to AP amplitude, is almost equal to the values found in normal hearing and distinctly larger than the –SP amplitude observed in high-frequency sensorineural hearing loss. This is discussed with respect to the differentiation of these two types of hearing loss, both with recruitment.The normal aspect of the amplitude-latency scattergram makes hair-cell lesions unlikely, which means that...


Employee engagement refers to what takes place when people are interested in a positive way and when they are excited about their jobs, exercise discretionary behaviour and are motivated to achieve high levels of performance. The present research therefore examined employee engagement of the academic staff in the Technical Vocational Education and Training (TVET) Colleges in South Africa. A quantitative design was used. In total, 2 054 academic staff completed the questionnaire. A self-administered 4-point Likert-type scale questionnaire was developed. The data was gathered and then analysed by using the Statistical Packages for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Descriptive statistics were used to present the findings. An employee engagement framework, which incorporates the main ideas of the article, suggests a new perspective about how to foster and manage employee engagement in today's workplace is presented.


Harmonics is the most important issue among all issues related to the power quality. Harmonics comes from different non-linear loads like uninterruptible power supplies systems (UPS), variable speed motor drives, rectifiers, personal computers, adjustable speed drives, fluorescent lighting, rectifier banks, data processing loads, arc furnaces, and so on. Simulation of a real power supply system that consists of linear loads and nonlinear loads as variable speed drives has been carried out in the work. Variable speed drives generate harmonics into supply system that contains different values of compensated capacitors. Calculations of equivalent system reactance for generated harmonics, voltage harmonics, voltage harmonics in percentage, THD (Total Harmonic Distortion) of voltage, frequency characteristics, current flows in the system capacitor units have been worked out using Mathcad software. The obtained results have been compared with the European Standard (EN 50160) for supply quality requirements of the European Union.


Abstract An extensive wintertime squall line on 13 January 1995 occurring along the U.S. Gulf of Mexico coastline is examined using airborne radar observations combined with conventional data analysis. Flight tracks with the ER-2 Doppler radar (EDOP) mounted on the high-altitude (20 km) ER-2 aircraft provided a unique view of the vertical structure of this line. In this paper, the authors document the squall line structure, and compare and contrast this structure with other published cases. The squall line had several prominent features that differ from previous studies: 1) the stratiform region was wide in comparison to more typical systems that are 50–100 km wide; 2) the trailing stratiform region consisted of two to three separate embedded trailing bands rather than one continuous band; 3) vertical motions in the trailing stratiform region were nearly twice as strong as previously reported values, with mean values approaching 1 m s−1 between 7- and 9-km altitude, and larger values (1.5 m s−1) in the em...


Three recent publications on multi-parameter correlations of solvent effects on solvolytic reactivity are re-examined, by considering 'similarity' and/or 'analogy'. Systematic errors due to compensation effects and to comparisons between dissimilar processes are found. Models for solvent nucleophilicity involving dissimilar spectroscopic processes (e.g. β or B parameters) give insensitive measures of low nucleophilicity. From qualitative considerations based on structural similarities, it is predicted that the sensitivities to changes to solvent polarity for solvolyses of chloroalkanes should be in the order: 1-adamantyl (3) > 2-methyl-2-adamantyl (1) > t-butyl (2). The predictions are confirmed quantitatively by simple linear free-energy relationships and similarity models, involving correlations with YCl (based on solvolyses of 1-chloroadamantane) or ET(30) (based on solvatochromism). Multi-parameter correlations, indicating that solvolyses of 1 show a low sensitivity to both solvent polarity and electrophilicity, and also a negative sensitivity to solvent nucleophilicity, are shown to be unreliable. Large errors are also evident in recent KOMPH2 calculations. Conclusions are supported by comparing several multi-parameter treatments of solvolyses of 4-methoxyneophyl tosylate, for which there is a reliable set of kinetic data and a generally accepted mechanism. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


The Paleoproterozoic Torngat Orogen in northern l,abrador developed as a result ofcollision between the Archean Nain and Southeast Rae cratons. Early phases involved contractional deformation and crustal thickening, whereas later phases were dominated by transcurrent and subsequent near-vertical displacements. The axial region ofthe orogen is occupied by two major structures, the Abloviak (ASZ) and Komattorvik (KSZ) shear zones. The gneisses of the Nain Province east of the KSZ are characterized byArchean granulite-facies assemblages; these become progressively overprinted westward by static amphibolite-to granulite-facies assemblages of Paleoproterozoic age toward the KSZ. P-T determinations on the Avayalik dykes and Archean mafic gneisses define a P-T array from ca. I I kbar - 750'C to ca. 6kbar - 600'C. The KSZ is undeilain by variably reworked Archean gneisses, mafic and pelitic supracrustal rocks, the Avayalik dykes, anorthosite, and members of the Paleoproterozoic diorite - tonalite - granodiorite (DTG) suite. The peak grade of metamorphism is upper amphibolite to granulite facies; howeveq P-T determinations from vadous microstructural settings record a substaatial part of the post-peat history. In a range ofrock types, an array is defined fuom ca.1l.7 kbar - 720-800'C to ca. 6.5 kbar - 540'C. P-T data from west of the KSZ define an alray from ca. 10 kbar - 786'C to ca 4 kbar - SOOoC. ln any of the geographic zones above, P-T arrays from each rock type are parallel to fle composite array defined by data from all zones. Furthermore, vectors connecting P-T deterninations from cores to rims of coexisting minerals are parallel to the overall trend. The data strongly suggest thtt the Avayalik dykes are most resistant to resetti-ng durilg cooting, and that mafic orthogneisses, mafic supracruital iocks and pelitic supracrustal rocks are progressively less robust. Available U-Pb geochronological data suggest that the KSZ and its bordering segments followed different P-T-t paths. From west to east, there is an overall younging in ages of metamorphic zircon, and almssg $Q milliqn ysars of tectonic and metamorphic activity along the KSZ is recorded by iges determined on titanite. The geographic variarion in metamorphic ages is interpreted to result from migration of zones whire active deformation (and availability of fluid) allowed continued equilibration and gowth of metamorphic mineral assemblages.


Four native species of Ziziphus (Rhamnaceae) have hitherto been recorded from the Arabian Peninsula (e.g. Al-Hubaishi & Miuller-Hohenstein 1984, Collenette 1984, Miller & Morris 1988, Mandaville 1990, Ghazanfar 1992, Wood 1997; also specimens in K). Of the two species which are trees, Z. spina-christi (L.) Desf. is the most widespread within this region, occurring from sea level to c. 2500 m (a collection from Oman at K, Insall s.n., Dec. 1978, Hail al Kabir, identified as Z. mauritiana Lam., is most probably the cultivated form of Z. spina-christi), while Z. mucronata Willd. occurs only in the mountains of western Saudi Arabia between c. 1000 1500 m. Of the two shrubby species, Z. nummularia (Burm. f.) Wight & Arn. occurs in the eastern part of the region, including the northern edge of the Wahiba Sands in Oman, and Z. leucodermis (Baker) O. Schwartz is restricted to south eastern Yemen and, in Oman, to the adjacent drier regions of the southern province of Dhofar and to the southern part of the central limestone plateau, the Jiddat al Harasis. Here we describe a new taxon, locally called qusum (qasam in Mandaville 1978), from the Hajar Mountains of northern Oman.


This article presents a method for determining the rate constant for deactivation and the internal distribution of immobilized enzyme. This method makes use of the parallel deactivation process in a diffusion‐controlled regime, in which the internal activity profile behaves like a penetration front. This front basically traces through the initial active enzymatic profile, and one can determine the internal profile and the rate constant for deactivation from the experimentally observable bulk concentration versus time. This method is applied to the experimental data of the system of hydrogen‐peroxide‐immobilized catalase on controlled pore glass and Si–Al particles.


AIM
To evaluate peculiarities of medical care provided for patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) depending on sex and age in Kaunas in 1996.

METHODS
Kaunas community-based ischemic heart disease register conducted according to the WHO MONICA Project methodology was the source of the data.

RESULTS
Number of diagnosed acute myocardial infarctions among Kaunas population aged 25-84 years in 1996 was 1269. Only 28 day AMI survivors were considered in the present study (n=626). During first 4 hours from onset of chest pain male patients sought for medical assistance as frequently as female AMI patients: 38.1% and 34.0%, respectively. A mobile team provided first medical aid in 62.3% of cases. Thrombolytics were used in each 11th men and in 3% of women. Percutaneous coronary angioplasty was carried out in 4.9 and 1.2% of men and women, respectively. Coronary angiography and angioplasty were more often performed in men (13.1 and 4.9%, respectively) than in women (2.7 and 1.2, respectively).


Abstract Although artificial reefs are commonly used throughout the world as tools to mitigate for habitat alteration, their development is rarely subjected to a rigorous site selection process. We developed a simple site selection model using the following seven systematic steps: exclusion mapping, depth and slope verification, surficial substrate assessment, data weighting and the subsequent ranking analysis, visual transect surveys, benthic air‐lift sampling, and larval settlement collector deployment. American lobster (Homarus americanas) was selected as the target species for these investigations owing to the local commercial importance of the species. Results from each step in this process ultimately allowed us to select a site for an artificial reef at a target depth that received little wave action, had no slope, and possessed a surficial substrate type that could support the weight of a reef. The site also had the presence of a natural larval supply and low species diversity before reef installation. Each step in this site selection model was designed for easy adaptation to suit the needs of various artificial reef projects.


This travel book retraces Samuel Johnson and James Boswell's journey through Scotland and its Western Isles in the autumn of 1773. The book is a walk in the company of these two men, telling in some part the history of Scotland in the 18th century and today, of the people of the Highlands and islands then and now, their history, their whisky distilleries, the Loch Ness monster, their literature and songs, their food and hospitality, their lochs and harbours and sea-sounds - all observed via a stream of anecdotes. Johnson's book "A Journey to the Western Isles of Scotland" and Boswell's book "Journal of a Tour of the Hebrides with Samuel Johnson" are compared throughout.


BACKGROUND Antipsychotics are associated with abnormalities in glucose metabolism in patients with schizophrenia. Liraglutide, a GLP-1 receptor agonist, is Food and Drug Administration approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, ways to maintain the long-term stability of psychotic symptoms and balance the disadvantages of obesity, diabetes, and other metabolic disorders caused by antipsychotic medications remain unclear. In this study, we present a case of weight gain and hyperglycemia in a schizophrenia patient who received antipsychotic polypharmacy for 6 years. The a poor liraglutide addition The biological activities significantly improved levels and weight in patient treated Core Tip: This report describes the effects of GLP-1 receptor agonist treatment in a young schizophrenia patient with long-term use of antipsychotics, which induced type 2 diabetes. It presents the success of blood glucose control with the GLP-1 receptor agonist in a short period of time during his hospitalization and helped him to control his blood glucose and lose weight while maintaining a stable mental status in the long-term. Successful treatment of with in a


Greenhouse gas, economic, and reliability issues are becoming more important for the emerging wind markets worldwide. With the interconnection of wind energy system into the electric grid, the fluctuating nature of the energy produced has a different effect on the overall system reliability/economic and GHG emissions as well as the fluctuating nature of energy produced by grid. Optimum reliability/economic and pollutant emission are multi-objective problem because reliability is conflicting with annual cost and GHG emissions. The reliability index is analyzed using probabilistic concept in order to find loss of load probability and annual customer damage cost. Therefore, this paper presents a study to find optimum design of wind energy system with electric grid from reliability/economic and pollutant emission point of view based on genetic algorithm (GA). The methodology is carried out over one year using the hourly data of the load demand and wind speed at Zafarâna site, located on the western coast of the Seuz Gulf, latitude 29.07o N and longitude 31.36o E, Egypt as an example. The optimization results do not just show economic merit but satisfy both of reliability level and environmental issues. Moreover this methodology can be applied at any site in the world to determine the optimal design and impact of reliability and GHG emissions of interconnected renewable energy system with electric grid.


Mobile edge computing (MEC) has been considered as a promising approach for enabling computation-intensive Internet services in future wireless systems. In this paper, we investigate non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) assisted MEC, in which edge-computing users (EUs) adopt NOMA to simultaneously offload part of their computation-workloads to the edge-server (ES). To improve the spectrum-efficiency, we consider a paradigm of underlaying device-to-device (D2D) communications, namely, the EUs reuse a cellular user's (CU's) licensed channel for offloading transmission. We firstly characterize the transmit-powers of EUs and CU in this D2D approach, and then formulate a joint optimization of the EUs' computation- workloads offloading and the ES's computation-resource allocation, with the objective of minimizing the latency in completing the EUs' tasks. In spite of the non-convexity of the formulated problem, we exploit its layered structure and propose an efficient algorithm for computing the optimal solution. Numerical results are provided to validate the effectiveness and efficiency of our proposed NOMA assisted MEC via the D2D sharing 1.


The power system survey results recommend that, voltage sag is the chief contributor in about 92% of manufacturing industries. Voltage sag results in decrease in competence of the systems which affect the manufacturers in terms of losses related to money and reliability. The transformer-coupled arrangement associated voltage-source inverter, called voltage sag compensator is among the most savvy arrangement against voltage sags. Transformers are mostly installed in front of critical loads for electrical separation purposes. When voltage dip occurs, the transformers are presented to the improper voltages and a dc offset occurs in its flux linkage. The flux linkage will be reach to the level of magnetic saturation at the time of compensator restores the load voltage and this cause's serious inrush current. The compensator may be interrupted because of its own over current protection, hence, the compensation gets failed, and the critical loads are interrupted by the voltage sag. This paper brings together a method for inrush current relief for voltage dip compensator with fuzzy logic controller. Voltage sag compensator along with additional parts of the distribution system is simulated using Matlab/Simulink.


This paper explores the highly gendered role of chastity (pudicitia) in the work of the Roman historian, Titus Livius. Livy, who lived from around 64 B.C.E to 12 C.E., composed a monumental work, the Ab Urbe Condita, which traced Rome's history from its mythic beginnings to 9 B.C.E. While only a fraction of the work remains, the Ab Urbe Condita provides insight into how one writer viewed Roman expansion and how he used the framework of gender to give shape to his vision of Rome's history.


Future NASA missions require high specific energy battery technologies, greater than 400 Wh/kg. Current NASA missions are using "state-of-the-art" (SOA) Li-ion batteries (LIB), which consist of a metal oxide cathode, a graphite anode and an organic electrolyte. NASA Glenn Research Center is currently studying the physical and electrochemical properties of the anode-electrolyte interface for ionic liquid based Li-air batteries. The voltage-time profiles for Pyr13FSI and Pyr14TFSI ionic liquids electrolytes studies on symmetric cells show low over-potentials and no dendritic lithium morphology. Cyclic voltammetry measurements indicate that these ionic liquids have a wide electrochemical window. As a continuation of this work, sp2 carbon cathode and these low flammability electrolytes were paired and the physical and electrochemical properties were studied in a Li-air battery system under an oxygen environment.


Previous studies demonstrated that immunosuppression attenuates Dahl SS hypertension and renal disease (Am J Physiol 298:R1136). Experiments in this study examined the infiltration of T lymphocytes in the kidney and other organs and characterized the cytokine profile of the infiltrating cells in the kidney. No significant changes in T cell number were observed in the spleen, brain, blood, or aorta of Dahl SS rats fed the low (0.4% NaCl) or the high salt (4.0% NaCl) diet (n=4–7). A significant increase in T cells was observed in the liver (from 0.8±0.1 to 2.0±0.3 × 105 cells/gram) and in the kidney (from 3.1±0.6 to 6.2±0.9 × 105 cells/gram) of Dahl SS rats fed high salt. A gene expression analysis with real‐time PCR was performed on RNA isolated from circulating T cells and T cells isolated from the kidneys of 12 Dahl SS rats (4 pooled samples of 3 individual rats each) fed high salt for three weeks. The infiltrating T cells in the kidney expressed significantly greater (by 5–54 fold) mRNA for proliferation factors (Il‐2, Il‐4, and IFN‐γ) and for cytokines and genes related to Th1 cells (TNF, Il‐10, CCr5, Csf2), Th2 cells (Il4, Il6, Il10), and Th17 cells (Il‐6 and TGFβ) compared to circulating T cells. This study shows that the inflammatory state of T cells infiltrating the kidney, which could have implications in renal disease and hypertension, is starkly different from that of the peripheral T cells.


The aim of present study was to evaluate the impact of tillage practices and crop sequences on AM fungal propagules, infectivity potential and soil enzyme activities in the soybean rhizosphere of a long-term field trial maintained since 2001. Rhizosphere soil and root samples of soybean were drawn in kharif 2008 from three tillage systems (conventionalconventional (C-C), conventional-reduced (C-R) and reduced-reduced (R-R) and four soybean-based crop rotations (soybean–wheat (S–W), soybean–wheat–maize–wheat (S–W–M–W), soybean–wheat–soybean–wheat–maize–wheat (S– W–S–W–M–W) and soybean+ maize-wheat (S+M–W) which are being maintained in split plot design for the past seven years. On completion of six cropping seasons, significantly higher mycorrhizal spore count (17.0/g soil) and infectivity potential (IP) (4.58 IP/g soil) were observed in soybean grown under S–W–M–W rotation under C-R tillage system. However, the per cent root length colonized by AMF was found highest (12.66%) in S+M–W rotation under C-R tillage system. In general, the S+M–W or S–W–M–W rotations under R-R tillage system showed higher soil dehydrogenase activity (3.96 pKat/g soil) and fluorescein diacetate hydrolytic activity (110.76 pKat/g soil) when compared to other combinations. The inclusion of maize in the rotation irrespective of tillage systems showed comparatively higher phosphatase activities. Higher soybean grain yield (3 008 kg/ha) although not significantly higher was recorded in S+M–W rotation under C-C tillage, followed by same rotation (2 814 kg/ha) under C-R tillage system when compared to all other combinations. Moreover, IP of resident AM fungi in soybean rotation involving maize in conservation tillage was found to be highly correlated (r=0.96 to 0.99) with grain yield of soybean and maintaining higher organic carbon which indicates the functioning of resident AM fungi in enhancing the soybean yield.


The System-integrated Modular Advanced ReacTor (SMART) developed by KAERI includes components like a core, steam generators, coolant pumps, and a pressurizer inside the reactor vessel. Though the integrated structure improves the safety of the reactor, it can be excited by an earthquake and pump pulsations. It is important to identify dynamic characteristics of the reactor internals considering fluid-structure interaction caused by inner coolant for preventing damage from the excitations. Thus, the finite element model is constructed to identify dynamic characteristics and natural frequencies and mode shapes are extracted from this finite element model.Copyright © 2011 by ASME


According to the decoded metaphors in the first two chapters of Journey to the West,it can be safely assumed that Journey to the West was fi nalized by Maoshan Mountain Chuan-chen taoist Yan Xiyan and his student during the Wanli(1573-1619) Reign of the Ming Dynasty.It is clear that the allusion of the surname Yan in the f irst two chapters entails its "uniqueness".Therefore,it is inferred that in the first chapters,metaphors about Maoshan,Qianyuan,Cuan-zhen and Xiyan all have unique reference.


I first met José in September 1986 at Sarah Lawrence College. I had woken up fully clothed and with the words "I'm a sex kitten" written up my leg in Sharpie. I decided that this was a reason to go to Health Services. As I sat waiting for the nurse, a guy sat next to me. He asked what was wrong with me, and I gestured to the words on my leg. I asked why he was there, and he said, "I took acid last night and thought I could fly so I jumped out the window. I think I sprained my ankle." We would later tell the story that he thought "What a slut" and I thought "What an idiot," and we were best friends for twenty-seven years. In thinking about speaking here tonight, I was at first at a loss as to what to say. Then I remembered something—from about 1996 to about 2003, I went through a compulsive phase where I wrote down every single voice mail that anyone left me. The whole message, verbatim, often rewinding and pausing to get it exactly right. So I have hundreds of messages from him, in his own voice, the way we spoke to each other. One of his habits was to make up nicknames for me—here are just a few:


The influence of aza-substitution on sumanene and C52 fullerene was investigated. Various substitution patterns, derived for the structures of pyrrole, indolizine and pyridine have been proposed and aromaticity indices like HOMA, NICS, delocalization indices PDI and FLU were considered, at B3LYP/6-311+G(d) level of theory. The results outlined an enhanced aromatic character for the sumanene derivatives where similar aza-substitution patterns as encountered in pyrrole and indolizine have been considered.


Nowadays sentiment analysis is active field of research, to extract people's opinion about particular product or service. The most useful application of sentiment analysis is the sentiment classification of product reviews. The task of sentiment classification is to classify reviews of user as positive or negative from textual information alone. For that purpose many researchers used machine learning technique such as Naive Bayes classifier with strong independence assumption. But Naive Bayes classifier lack in accuracy for many complex real-world situations where there exists dependency among features. Further, the Neural Network with appropriate network structure can handle the correlation/dependence between input variables. So using Naive Bayes classifier combining with Neural Network on standard dataset will improve accuracy and performance of sentiment classification. This implies that a highly accurate and fast sentiment classifier can be used for sentiment


The interconnection of a pair of matched junction field-effect transistors facilitates the generation of fast repetitive triangular voltage waveforms that are symmetrical in shape.


Objectives: To evaluate the impact of the uterine artery Doppler values and the change of β-Human chorionic gonadotropin (β-HCG) levels from day 0 to day 4 for prediction of the success of single dose methotrexate treatment in tubal pregnancy cases. Study Design: 50 patients with tubal pregnancy were included the prospective study. The location and size of ectopic pregnancy, bilateral uterine artery pulsed color doppler imaging was examined by ultrasonography and serum β-HCG levels were measured on day 0, 4, 7 of treatment. Success was defined as decrease of β-HCG level 15.04% on day 4, single-dose methotrexate therapy were 3.82 times more successful than the group without > 15.04% β-HCG decrease. However, no significant alteration of uterine artery Doppler measurements was determined on the same days. Conclusion: Reduction rate in the β-HCG level on day 4 of treatment can be used in determination the success of single-dose methotrexate therapy.


The study of p-adic dynamical systems is motivated by their applications in various (and surprisingly diverse) areas of mathematics, e.g., in physics, genetics, biology, cognitive science, neurophy ...


Reading is an important form of language communication and also an important item in various English examinations. Our students now still have a lot of trouble in reading comprehension. To help improve their reading skill,one of the efficient ways is to help them understand the structure of discourse,to judge correctly the logical relation between sentences,to spot signal words and the reiteration and collocation of words.


In recent years, the market conditions for the real-time computer system (RTCS) technology and the hardware economy have been showing significant changes and thus this author feels that time is ripe for vigorously pursuing new paradigms in designing and structuring RTCSs. Pursuing the new paradigms is called the "new-generation (NG) or second-generation (2G) real-time computing" approach in this paper and this approach has the flavor of an idealistic perfectionist approach. The essence of the NG real-time computing is to realize real-time computing in a general manner not alienating the main-stream computing industry and yet allowing system engineers to confidently produce certifiable RTCSs for safety-critical applications. After a discussion on the new real-time computing paradigms, two examples of technical approaches formulated to realize the NG real-time computing, the RTO.k object structuring scheme and the DREAM kernel model, are reviewed in this paper. Issues for future research in this area are also discussed.


In this paper I express some concerns about how professionalism is conceptualised. The dominant philosophy suggests that it is sufficient for professionalism to be judged in terms of a competencies approach that itemises skills and checks for their implementation. Such an approach, however, ignores the values base of teaching, and the reasons and intentions that educators offer for their efforts to improve their work. On this view, professionalism becomes virtual, something to be talked about rather than something to engage with. In this paper, I argue for a form of research-based professionalism that moves beyond linguistic descriptions, and acknowledges the real life explanations of practice offered by educators, based on wise judgement generated through reflective practice.


Solvated nanoarrays of Au144 nanoparticles capped with 60 phenylethanethiol (PET) moieties were studied using reverse nonequilibrium molecular dynamics (RNEMD) simulations. The thermal conductivities of the nanoarrays were computed for two chemically dissimilar solvents. These were compared to an effective medium theory (EMT) model based solely on bulk and interfacial properties and the volume fraction taken up by the particles. The interfacial thermal conductance for isolated particles was also estimated via RNEMD using individual solvated particles in nonperiodic geometries. A strong system-size dependence was found in bulk conductivity calculations, particularly in the polar solvent, dichloromethane, but was found to be unimportant in a second nonpolar solvent (toluene). However, the bulk conductivity of solvated nanoarrays also requires projection to infinite system size. The Au144PET60 particles were found to display a molten core at the temperatures used in this study. Our primary finding is that th...


The US COTTON Ginning Research Laboratory (USCGRL) at Stoneville, MI, has installed and modified a small multichamber incinerator to study its ability to dispose of cotton gin waste. The incinerator is a consumate Model C-125 rated at 470 lb/hr of type O waste. Type O waste is a mixture of highly combustible waste with a 10% moisture content, an 8500-Btu heat value per pound, a density of 8 to 10 pounds per cubic foot, and an ash residue of 5%. According to the manufacturer, this incinerator will meet the EPA standard when buring all types of municipal waste. A schematic of the modified heat-recovery incinerator system is shown. The system is composed of a continuous trash feeder, two burning chambers, a heat exchanged in the stack, a modulating hot-air mixing valve, and a conventional gin drying system. The design of the heat exchanger and the control system, and the results of stack-emission tests are discussed.


We present a method to quantify the spin Hall angle (SHA) with spin pumping and microwave photoresistance measurements. With this method, we separate the inverse spin Hall effect (ISHE) from other unwanted effects for permalloy/Pt bilayers using out-of-plane microwave excitation. Through microwave photoresistance measurements, the in- and out-of-plane precessing angles of the magnetization are determined and enabled for the exact determination of the injected pure spin current. This method is demonstrated with an almost perfect Lorentz line-shape for the obtained ISHE signal and the frequency independent SHA value as predicted by theory. By varying the Pt thickness, the SHA and spin-diffusion length of Pt is quantified as 0.012 (0.001) and 8.3 (0.9) nm, respectively.


Using the model of an elastic half-space, the behavior of the reflecting mirror surface under the action of CW high-power CO 2 -laser beams is considered. The temperature and the stress fields on the mirror surface are calculated. The three critical intensity values corresponding to the three regions of the mirror optical distortion are determined. It is shown that, when optical distortion is to be minimized, the elastic deformation is of great importance at laser flux densities two or three orders of magnitude smaller than those necessary to melt the material of the mirror. The magnitude of the mirror surface normal displacement is experimentally determined. The calculations are found to agree with the experimental data.


There are many known enhanced oil recovery (EOR) methods and every method has its criteria to use it. Some of those methods are gas injection such as CO 2 injection, N 2 and hydrocarbon gas injection. Where the CO 2 has been the largest contributor to global EOR. Gas injection can be classified into two main types; continues gas injection (CGI) and water alternating gas injection (WAG). The objective of this research is to propose initial gases injection plan of the X field to maximize the total oil recovery. The feasibility study of different gases to maintain pressure and optimize oil recovery have been examined on a simple mechanistic reservoir model of considerably depleted saturated oil reservoir. In order to maximize the total oil recovery, the simulation study was conducted on 3-phase compositional simulation model. For more optimization, a sensitivity study was conducted on the injection cycling and component ratios. A sensitivity study was also conducted on the following parameters to study their effects on the overall field's recovery such as flow rate and bottom-hole pressure. Results obtained in this paper shows that, the WAG CO 2 injection was found to be significantly more efficient than different gas injection and continues gas injection. The oil recovery depends not only on the fluid-to-fluid displacement but also on the compositional phase behavior.


Carcassonne G 6, preserving a judicial oath from 833, is an exceptional source for the history of the Spanish March and more generally the workings of power in the Carolingian world. The oath, concerning at first glance a very local dispute, links a body of royal charters with the precepts for the hispani issued by Charlemagne, Louis the Pious and Charles the Bald. This link reveals the close entanglement of localities and centre that structured the better part of western Europe into a political entity. A critical edition, which was not available for this text before, is provided as an appendix.


This article outlines some of the moral and cultural issues involved in the commercialising of Asian women by describing how the entrance of foreign women's magazines is changing the form and tone of women's magazines in both Singapore and China — respectively amongst the smallest and largest countries in Asia, but sharing a similar culture and language. While the populations of these two countries differ significantly in terms of income and education, nonetheless the rising incomes of middle-class women in both countries have attracted the attention of luxury brands and led to the rise of global women's magazines in both nations. Are women's magazines just frivolous and fun, or do they shape women's attitudes and values? Do the images in global media contribute to the empowerment of women or do they merely entangle them in a web of conspicuous consumption?


In the near future, the commercial vehicle sector will be faced with more stringent emission and greenhouse gas (CO2) standards as well as high customer requirements regarding total cost of ownership. These challenges can be met with different approaches and technologies, for example by incorporating Waste Heat Recovery (WHR) system applications. A WHR system makes use of the Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) to recover part of the wasted exergies, which is particularly interesting for heavy duty vehicles operating most of their time at high loads and constant speeds. Other vehicle types can benefit from hybrid powertrain approaches. This highlights that a detailed pre-analysis, based on computational simulation, of the systemic boundary conditions is a prerequisite for the specific concept decision and integration of such an application. Within this paper, an integrated simulation model will be presented, which is in the field of commercial vehicle and powertrain development a part of the holistic research approach pursued by the FEV Europe GmbH and the Institute for Combustion Engines of the RWTH Aachen University (VKA). The simulation model includes the vehicle itself and its subassemblies and can perform transient simulations using any drive cycle which is of interest for the specific application. Besides presenting the holistic simulation model, fuel consumption reduction potentials within the commercial vehicle segment, like Waste Heat Recovery applications, will be shown. Introduction The continuous growth of the industrial sector worldwide over centuries created a soar in energy demand which has found a satisfying supply in fossil fuel. According to a recently published OECD-study, nearly 30% of CO2 emissions in 2014 came from the transportation sector, surpassed only by the electricity and heat sector [1]. Contrary to the heat and electricity production, the transport sector has not yet undergone a thorough optimization and VDI-Berichte Nr. 2298, 2017 209 https://doi.org/10.51202/9783181022986-209 Generiert durch IP '184.108.40.206', am 16.05.2021, 13:11:43. Das Erstellen und Weitergeben von Kopien dieses PDFs ist nicht zulässig. there is potential to do so in a short timeframe due to the relatively short vehicle design lifetime. It thus represents the ideal sector to act on, not only due to its relatively small inertia, but also to the simple financing through indirect taxation covering technological costs directly by buyers. Following the above order of priorities, in the frame of the "2050 low-carbon economy" policy, the European Union (EU) targets a reduction of 60% below 1990 levels of CO2 emissions by 2050 [2], but no regulation has currently been enforced concerning heavy-duty vehicles (HDV), which are major contributors to the CO2 emissions. That there is a need for farreaching efficiency improvements of the EU's HDV fleet is shown in Figure 1: Fig. 1: Fuel consumption trends for tractor-trailers in the EU from 2002 to 2014 [3] The picture points out the annual average fuel consumption and therefore, the efficiency trends of representative tractor-trailers. Although the tailpipe emissions have been significantly reduced over that period, it is obvious that efficiency improvement has stalled in recent years [3]. Due to the wide variety of vehicle configurations on the HDV market, determination of total energy consumption and CO2 emissions via test bench measurements is expensive and time consuming. Therefore, computational simulations are a compulsory part of the development procedure for state-of-the-art and future HDV powertrains. Advanced simulation models are able to handle the complexity of the systems to be considered, although the models and control strategies need to be set up at considerably greater expense and much greater complexity. For this reason, the FEV Europe GmbH and the Institute for Combustion Engines VDI-Berichte Nr. 2298, 2017 210 https://doi.org/10.51202/9783181022986-209 Generiert durch IP '184.108.40.206', am 16.05.2021, 13:11:43. Das Erstellen und Weitergeben von Kopien dieses PDFs ist nicht zulässig. (VKA) of the RWTH University developed a holistic simulation model, which is able to cover all disciplines of vehicle engineering with the aim to improve their overall system concept regarding the upcoming CO2 certifications. CO2-Trends for Heavy Duty Commercial Vehicles In contrast to the passenger car development, the commercial vehicle development is strongly driven by costs and less by emotions. Furthermore, the derivatives of commercial vehicles are more diverse compared to those of passenger cars. This is caused by specialized requirements for a smaller total number of vehicles sold. A further drive for development are the interests of the commercial vehicle operator, who is among other things interested in low fuel consumption in order to obtain low total cost of ownership (TCO). The share of fuel costs of 30%, which is even above the wage costs of the drivers, illustrates the huge influence of the vehicle's fuel consumption level on manufacturers and operators [4]. The currently rising pressure from the worldwide upcoming GHG reduction legislations, however, requires a faster development in this area, which makes the new legislation standards a big drive for technology development in the field of HDVs too. The CO2 legislation requirements for commercial vehicles vary from region to region regarding their time frames and target values. Current GHG emission limitations can be found in the USA and Canada, China and Japan. In the EU's HDV sector, there are currently no legislation requirements for CO2 emissions in force. For this reason the European Commission (EC) started examining potential legal guidelines for lowering the CO2 emissions from HDVs in 2006. On this basis, in 2009 the effort to develop a type approval protocol for a CO2 certification was launched by the EC. Due to the diversity and specific characteristics of the HDV sector, the certification procedure is a combination of component testing and simulation modelling with a simulation tool named Vehicle Energy consumption Calculation Tool (VECTO), which was commissioned for this purpose. Results along with this monitoring will then be the basis for future legislations and the release of this procedure is scheduled for the 2017 to 2018 time frame [3]. The simulation tool VECTO is based on vehicle longitudinal dynamics with specified input data for the vehicle and engine characteristics. A library consisting of vehicle components is set up for the required input data. These components are added in all possible design variations with their relevant properties to the database in form of characteristic maps [5]. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2298, 2017 211 https://doi.org/10.51202/9783181022986-209 Generiert durch IP '184.108.40.206', am 16.05.2021, 13:11:43. Das Erstellen und Weitergeben von Kopien dieses PDFs ist nicht zulässig. VECTO will play a major role in terms of reporting and monitoring CO2 emissions from HDVs in the future in the EU, but it cannot replace detailed simulation models. In the following chapter the holistic HDV simulation platform, developed by FEV and VKA will be introduced. The importance and functionality of this tool will be described with two specific case studies: exhaust aftertreatment (EATS) and WHR simulation. These examples were chosen because these technologies are not part of VECTO and must be simulated with advanced external tools to give a detailed prediction on their impact on fuel consumption and CO2 emissions. Holistic HDV Powertrain Simulation Concept The holistic simulation platform for HDV powertrain simulation is based on established software products in the automotive industry like GT-Suite and MATLAB/ Simulink, which can be linked via co-simulation. The core principle of the modular structure is given in Figure 2. The main platform is structured into five sub-categories: Driving strategy, controls, base powertrain with the sub-level thermal management and new technologies. Due to its flexible structure and the precise definition of interfaces between the sub-categories and the modules itself, each category can be exchanged and expanded easily. This offers the possibility to choose customized modules according to the given requirements. Depending on customers' needs a pre-defined sub-model can either be fed with detailed data, which leads to fully calibrated and validated models, or physically based models can be chosen instead. This principle leads to an extensive library of tailor-made simulation model solutions. Considering the vehicle model as starting point when simulating the drivetrain, two main modelling procedures can be defined: the forward and backward calculation method [6]. Both model types are available in Simulink and were chosen according to the available input data. The forward model with its driver module represented by a PID-controller is very detailed and therefore needs a lot of input data, like transmission efficiencies, coast down curves or miscellaneous inertias. If this data is not available the simpler backward model, with a predefined and fixed shifting strategy, can be chosen to at least simulate first predictions. Furthermore, Figure 2 also shows, that the vehicle model makes use of the sub-models from the "Base Powertrain" as well as from the "Driving Strategy and Controls" category. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2298, 2017 212 https://doi.org/10.51202/9783181022986-209 Generiert durch IP '22.214.171.124', am 16.05.2021, 13:11:43. Das Erstellen und Weitergeben von Kopien dieses PDFs ist nicht zulässig. Fig. 2: Holistic simulation model with subassemblies and internal interfaces The route and speed information, which are converted into speed and torque requirements by the vehicle model are fed into the engine model. Similar to the aforementioned options for the vehicle model set up, different degrees of detail can be offered for the engine model and integrated into the simulatio


The purpose of this survey is to identify and report the habits of generation z in the cyber context, to depict their attitude towards digital marketing tools and illustrate their familiarization with e-commerce.The methodology approach use was positivism. Following literature study, survey with personally-administered questionnaires was held with young people aged 15-23 in order to either confirm or dismiss the conclusions of prior surveys.The survey results indicate that young people in Greece are familiar with internet technology and use. Moreover, they are already shopping online as well as using the internet for shopping around, evaluating products and finding the best price. In addition, it is a generation that is influenced by the classic means of internet product promotion, yet it is also interested in any novelty.In practical implications, this study provides a useful source of information, which can be used by the general generation Z study in Greece. A social group of particular interest, since it is the consumer of tomorrow and already shows - as you can see in this survey - a marked differentiation from previous generations.


An antenna device of an electronic apparatus, according to embodiments of the present invention, includes radiation patterns comprising: at least one open boundary; and a plurality of radiation sections having the open boundary placed and arranged therebetween, wherein the radiation pattern forms a resonant frequency in a first frequency band (hereinafter, referred to as "a first resonant frequency") and at least one among the radiation sections can form a resonant frequency in a second frequency band (hereinafter, referred to as "a second resonant frequency") higher than the first resonant frequency. The antenna device of the electronic apparatus, according to the present invention, can be implemented through other various embodiments.


510 cases of surgical lymph node biopsies during a five year periode are reviewed with the following conclusionsThe lymph node biopsy constitues 5% of all the surgical biopsies, The cervical and axillary lymph nodes are the most commonly biopsicd nodes due to their easy accessibility and due to the fact that they drain the lymph from many vital organs: the next most commonly biopsied nodes are the sub-clavicular, grains, mesentric and mediastinal nodes, Among all the lymph node affections the metastatic tumours occupy the first place (23 %) followed by the primary tumours (malignant lymphomas 16%) and the specific inflammatory lesions (10% ), Among the metastic nodes squamous cell carcinoma occupy the first place (8%) followed by digestivetract, lung, thyroid glands, breast, testicular, pancreatic, ovarian and gall bladder tumours.


In recent years, hyperthyroid heart disease has become a condition with high incidence rate and high mortality rate. This paper discusses the pathogenesis, treatment, and influencing factors of hyperthyroid heart disease from two different angles – traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine – in hope to provide a reference basis for the treatment of hyperthyroid heart disease.


Introduction Against the backdrop of the current severe employment situation, major changes in the industrial economy and its employment style and other trends in Japan over recent years, efforts to provide career and vocational guidance to the younger generation has become increasingly essential. Within this environment, occupational information plays an extremely important role in supporting the vocational-based education of young people who have yet to develop awareness about the future, and encouraging them to think in terms of personal career development. The Occupation Hand Book for Youth (OHBY) was developed in 2002 as a PC-based guidance system to help empower young people from junior high school to college age launch independent and productive searches for occupation-related information. It is designed for use in combination with psychological testing to facilitate effective career-based education. By targeting these goals, the OHBY has emerged as one of the leading occupational information tools available in Japan today. In this article, we profile the policy behind the development and design of the OHBY. We also provide guidelines to serve as a reference for group counseling, individual use or other applications of the system at the junior and senior high school career education classes, counseling centers, which serve as the primary venues for its use.


The dissipative system theory primarily studies the mechanics, conditions and sequences of the transformation of a system from chaos to organization, from low-organization to high organization. This paper focuses on the characteristics of the dissipative system and its relevance to and inspirations on corporate governance; it further posists that an active corporate management system must be an organized dissipative system that is open, non-linear and beyond balance.


We have successfully designed, built and operated a microlaser based on a AlGaInAs multiple quantum well (MQW) semiconductor saturable absorber (SESA). Optical characterization of the semiconductor absorber, as well as, the microlaser output is presented.


A scoping study was performed by Pacific Northwest Laboratory, in collaboration with Bonneville Power Administration (BPA), to evaluate the multiple benefits electric utilities might realize from superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES). Benefits and costs were compared on a levelized annual basis to indicate the general viability of system-specific SMES applications. A principal purpose was to provide information that could help increase utility interest in SMES and, thereby, assist the rapid development and deployment of the technology. This paper reviews eight SMES application scenarios and their estimated benefit/cost ratios under the operational conditions of specific utility systems. Most of the SMES scenarios show levelized benefit/cost ratios greater than unity. However, the value of a single benefit was seldom found to exceed the unit's levelized cost. This suggests, as a general principle, that the total value of multiple benefits should be considered to fully establish the cost effectiveness of SMES in many utility applications. These results should encourage utilities to conduct more detailed analyses of SMES benefits to identify the applications most beneficial to individual systems.


The use of the internet for buying and selling transactions is starting to be beneficial, including as an effort to support health services, because there is no need for physical interactions either with customers or prospective customers, causing the development of online medicines purchasing services This study aimed to examine the factors that influence people's intention to purchase medicines online The data in this study were collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews guided by the Theory of Planned Behavior to 18 respondents who bought medicines online through Halodoc at Viva Pharmacy in Denpasar City, then the data were analyzed using QSR Nvivo 12 Plus software This study found that the public's intention or interest in using the online drug-buying application through the Halodoc application is largely influenced by three factors, namely: Internal motivation formed from positive perceptions regarding online drug buying services on the Halodoc application, external motivation formed from the influence and perceptions of barriers to using online drug purchase services on the Halodoc application Positive perceptions of online drug buying services on the Halodoc application and strong influence from external parties form a strong intention for the public to use online drug buying services on the Halodoc application, on the contrary, the perception of increasing barriers will reduce people's intention to use drug buying services online on the Halodoc application


The article highlights the problem of psychological rehabilitation of patients with cerebrum craniofacial tumors using methods of neuropsychology and psychotherapy.


Tabletop exercises are often used for learning purposes in the area of crisis management, yet their potential for this is far from clear. The study examines the learning outcomes achieved by a group of persons taking part in tabletop exercises in which they assess the crisis management capabilities of the organisation to which they belong and suggest possible improvements. Interviews with the participants provide evidence of positive learning effects. Although the effects are in line with generally accepted normative principles of crisis management, the degree of understanding that the participants gain about it appears to vary considerably. The underlying reasons for this are discussed.


operation is not done as frequently as it should be. I admit, of course, that we are all agreed that myomectomy is a good operation, and that each one is doing it according to his lights. My aim to-night will be to define the very broad limits of the operation, to emphasise its safety, and to show its feasibility and success under conditions which, so far as I can judge, would, by many, be termed contra-indications. Surely the sterilisation by hysterectomy of a woman of child-bearing age is a crude proceeding?terribly unsatisfactory to the woman herself and, if right feeling be involved, scarcely less satisfactory to the sterilising agent. If a woman be a woman by reason of her "uterus"?in other words her procreative function?it should at all times be our most constant aim to preserve that function intact.


Introduction
 : High resolution vessel wall imaging (HR‐VWI) is a promising tool in studying intracerebral atherosclerotic disease. The analysis of the interplay between the patterns of enhancement between the plaque and its parent vessel can generate further insights on the biology of these lesions. We have developed a 3D method of plaque and parent vessel analysis.

 Methods
 : Images from fifty‐five plaques were obtained using 7T HR‐VWI. T1 and T1+Gd sequences were performed. 3D reconstructions of the plaque and its parent vessel were generated with 3D Slicer. Using an in‐house code, probes were orthogonally extended from the lumen of the vessel into the vessel wall and the plaque. Signal intensity values were then normalized to the corpus callosum. 3D heat maps and histograms were generated from hundreds of data points. A detailed analysis of the morphology of the histograms was performed to determine the uptake of gadolinium (Gd) by the parent vessel and the plaque. Variations in the width of the histogram were measured with the standard deviation.

 Results
 : Forty‐one patients with 55 plaques (41 culprit and 15 non culprit) were included. There was no difference in enhancement in T1‐pre between culprit and non‐culprit plaques when compared to the parent vessel (width = 0.14 ± 0.05 and 0.14 ± 0.03, respectively; p = 0.91). On the T1+Gd culprit plaques were significantly more enhancing compared to the parent vessel (0.26 ± 0.10) than non‐culprit plaques (0.20 ± 0.06) (p = 0.02). The presence of an enhancing plaque creates a bimodal distribution that increases the width of the histogram curve (figure).

 Conclusions
 : Culprit plaques exhibit different patterns of enhancement relative to the parent vessel compared to non‐culprit plaques. Histogram analysis of the parent vessel and its plaques provides a new set of metrics that may be used as a biomarker of disease progression.


The improvement of the surface properties of ferrous metallic materials has become a crucial criterion for advanced engineering applications. The interfacial microstructure and corrosion behaviour of mild steel coated with alumina nanoparticles doped in tin composite using the direct tinning technique were investigated. A coating layer of tin composite containing different loads of Al2O3 nanoparticles (0.25 wt.%, 0.50 wt.%, 1.00 wt.% and 1.5 wt.%) was prepared and directly deposited on a mild steel substrate. This type of a direct tinning process is considered to be a simple and low-cost route for protecting metallic materials from corrosion. It was found that the thickness of both the composite layer and Fe-Sn intermetallic layer at the coated interfaces was highly affected by the presence of alumina nanoparticles that effectively inhibit the diffusion of Sn atoms into the Fe substrate. For the samples coated with lower content of alumina nanoparticles (0.25 wt.% and 0.50 wt.%), the thickness of the Fe-Sn intermetallic coating (IMC) layer is decreased due to Fe-Sn IMC suppression. Otherwise, for the addition of more alumina nanoparticles (1.00 wt.% and 1.50 wt.%), the thickness of the Fe-Sn IMC layer is slightly increased because of nanoparticle's agglomeration and flotation. It can be reported that the presence of alumina nanoparticles in the coating layer improves, to a great extent, the corrosion resistance of Sn-composites surface on mild steel substrates. Although the tin composite coating layer with a high quantity of alumina nanoparticles (1.0 wt.%) exhibited better corrosion resistance than the other tested samples, such nanoparticle additions have become increasingly difficult to obtain. It was observed that the Al2O3 nanoparticles agglomeration and flotation that were detected in the coating surface may be related to high fraction nanoparticles loading and to the difference in the gravity for Sn and Al2O3 nanoparticles. However, based on our investigation, a coating layer that contains 0.50 wt.% alumina nanoparticles is highly recommended for achieving long lasting and high-performance corrosion resistance for coated mild steel with minimal coating layer defects.


645 Background: With the approval of immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) as first and second line agents for treating metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC), immune-related adverse events (irAE) are a growing concern. In this study, we present the safety profile and outcomes of 90 patients with RCC treated at two centers, including a university (UT Southwestern/Clements University Hospital) and a county hospital (UT Southwestern/Parkland). Methods: All patients with RCC treated with ICI were identified from 2013 to January 31, 2018. We examined the incidence of any treatment-related adverse events and "select" irAEs and evaluated their impact on patient outcomes and therapeutic decisions. Kaplan-Meier methods and Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to compare overall survival (OS) and time to next therapy (TTNT) by the presence of irAEs. Results: Of 90 patients treated with ICI, 65 (72.2%) patients experienced adverse events, most commonly fatigue (37.8%), nausea (14%), and decreased appetite (12.2%). Select irAEs were seen in 38 (42.2%) with the most common irAEs involving the skin (15.6%), gastrointestinal tract (14%), endocrine organs (11%), and lungs (7.8%). There were 15 (16.7%) grade III/IV irAEs resulting in cessation of therapy for 12 (13.3%) patients. The median OS was 35.9 (95% CI: 24.3-not reached) and 26.5 months (95% CI: 10.2-28.8; p = 0.002) for patients with and without irAEs, respectively. The median TTNT was 17.8 (95% CI: 11.3-29.3) and 6.6 months (95% CI: 4.5-9.6; p = 0.002) for patients with and without irAEs, respectively. In multivariate analysis of irAE status and Heng prognostic score, irAEs were associated with improved OS, HR 0.376 (95% CI 0.179–0.792; p = 0.010) and TTNT, HR 0.482 (95% CI 0.280–0.829; p = 0.008). Conclusions: ICI in RCC is well tolerated with only 16.7% of patients experiencing an adverse event resulting in cessation of therapy. The development of an irAE correlated with both an improved median OS as well as median TTNT, a benefit that persisted after multivariate analysis including Heng prognostic scoring. These findings suggest that the development of irAEs may be an independent positive prognostic factor in patients with RCC treated with ICI.


In a manner suitable for large‐scale processing, vertical platinum structures having thicknesses (linewidths) down to 20 nm, heights up to 700 nm, an aspect ratio up to 13, and different geometric shapes have been fabricated on top of a silicon dioxide substrate by Pt deposition from the thermal decomposition of a platinum precursor molecule under gas phase collisionless conditions followed by ion‐assisted etching. Scanning electron microscopy analysis shows that the structures have very small grains, high uniformity, and very sharp contours, demonstrating a high degree of conformal deposition. Scanning Auger microscopy reveals platinum only on the structures. X‐ray diffraction and x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis of the as‐deposited platinum film show that the platinum film is polycrystalline and has no detectable impurity. Scotch tape test shows good bonding of the film. Mass spectrometric measurements suggest that substantial amounts of stable precursor fragments from partial decomposition of ...


The adequate distribution of water through the irrigation system is a determining factor in the cost of production and productivity of crops. The work was conducted at the farm Cereal Ouro II located in the municipality of Rio Verde-GO. Three systems of center pivot irrigation were analized: center pivot 01 (PC1) - Valmatic 110.08 ha; central pivot 02 (PC2) - Krebsfer 121.48 ha, and center pivot 03 (PC3) - Valmatic 66.00 ha. Ten evaluations of uniformity of


Infant crying is one of the most provocative and ubiquitous behaviors in the first year of life. It is capable of evoking strong feelings from caregivers and implies many young parents' first confrontation with the drawbacks of child rearing. Excessive and unpredictable crying has been identified äs one of the main causes of child abuse and neglect (Frodi, 1985b). Generally speaking caregivers are aiming at control and restriction of crying on a short-term basis. For that matter, the question of which caregiving style is most effective in preventing excessive crying is frcquently posed in the child care literature.


In potato production significant loss is caused by the potato virus Y (PVY) and nematodes (Globodera rostochiensis). Modern environmental friendly plant protection is undoubtedly based on resistance breeding. However, the production of multi-resistant new potato varieties is a complex and time-consuming process. Traditional breeding methods must be combined with modern molecular methods to succeed. The resistance breeding program operated by Potato Research Centre, has resulted cultivars having extreme resistance against PVY and resistance to nematode G. rostochiensis 1-4 races. The PVY extreme resistance gene (Rysto) originates from wild potato species Solanum stoloniferum, while the source of H1 nematode resistance gene is S. tuberosum ssp. andigena. Currently our Institute successfully applies the results of molecular genetic studies during the practical resistance breeding process. In the case of Rysto gene a tightly linked marker was developed in cooperation with the Biotechnology Research Center, Gödöllő. A rapid procedure was developed using direct-PCR assay for mass selection during seedling stage of crossing families. Although the marker is closely linked to the gene due to recombination events misgenotyping may occur in low frequencies. However in later steps genotypes are tested under natural virus infection pressure too. To select the H1 gene, a known gene specific marker (TG689) was applied. Since the marker is part of the H1 gene, recombination events cannot take place, the reliability of selection is 100%, and further traditional resistance test is not required. In later steps multiplex PCR assay was developed for simultaneous selection of the two resistance gene. Applying this method the efficiency of potato breeding process can be further increased.


During rescue missions first responders rely on voice communication making crisis management nearly impossible without good means of communication. Unfortunately the communication technology used by first responders today does not scale well. Also most of the given infrastructure, such as cell towers, might be destroyed after a disaster. Therefore, ad-hoc and peer-to-peer-based communication schemes have been proposed in recent research to provide scalable and resilient communication. Most mobile phones today are equipped with wireless transceivers that make them suitable to participate in ad-hoc networks. But in this case, device density might be too small for a connected topology. In this paper, the authors propose an emergency switch for privately owned wireless routers. The switch allows wireless routers to transition to an emergency mode creating a supportive wireless mesh network. To analyze if such a network would result in a resilient topology real data from wireless routers in a city is gathered. They calculate the locations of private and public routers from GPS traces and compare the resulting networks with each other. Finally, the authors discuss open and critical questions and implications the proposed emergency switch would introduce. DOI: 10.4018/jiscrm.2012100104 60 International Journal of Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, 4(4), 59-70, October-December 2012 Copyright © 2012, IGI Global. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of IGI Global is prohibited. INTRODUCTION Communication between first responders, citizens and command and control personnel is viable to the success of disaster relief. Unfortunately the communication technology used by first responders today does not scale well. Using decentralized communication architectures can improve scalability and network resilience as link and node failures can be mitigated by the network. Hence, ad-hoc and peer-to-peer communication has been proposed in recent research to improve communication (Bradler, Kangasharju, & Mühlhäuser, 2008; Bradler, Aitenbichler, Schiller, & Liebau 2009). However, such an approach needs a high density of participants to provide communication on a large area. In disaster relief this is given close to the incident, the so called incident site and treatment area (Aschenbruck, Gerhards-Padilla, & Martini, 2009), as most first responders will be located at these sites helping people. It is also given close to stationary facilities like the command and control center or hospitals (hospital zone). But anywhere else in between (transport zone) the node density might be too low leaving the entire network vulnerable to network partitioning and loss of communication service. A supportive infrastructure is needed delivering a high node density throughout the entire disaster area. It should also be readily available and working with available wireless standards. In 2011 we have been reporting on the idea of using publicly available wireless routers in urban areas to supplement such a decentralized communication infrastructure during disaster relief (Panitzek, Bradler, Schweizer, & Mühlhäuser, 2011). Assuming only public venues like stores, bars, and cafés would operate public routers for customers to access the Internet, this would only work in city centers where density of public routers is high enough to create a connected network topology. In contrast, in residential areas most routers are privately owned and public routers are scarce. Therefore, we now investigate the possibility of using privately owned routers as communication backbone for disaster relief. The main contribution of this paper is the discussion on challenges, potential problems, and implications associated with using privately owned wireless routers for disaster recovery. We assume at some point in the future an emergency switch will be implemented that would make existing communication resources available to first responders. We describe our methodology on how to measure and estimate the positions of private and public wireless routers in an urban area. Afterwards, we present the analysis of our gathered data. Finally, we discuss challenges, potential problems, and implications an emergency switch for privately owned wireless routers would introduce and present concluding remarks. EMERGENCY MODE FOR WIRELESS ROUTERS The amount of households equipped with Internet connection heavily depends on the country. In economic countries like Sweden, Singapore, and Denmark more than 90% of the citizens have access to the Internet from their homes according to a study in 2011 (Morales, 2013). In the United States 80% and in Germany 77% of citizens have Internet access from their homes. Many of those households use wireless routers to connect multiple devices to the Internet. Especially in apartment buildings this may lead to a multitude of available wireless routers. The authors perceive this fact, when searching for available wireless devices at home. The routers found during the scanning process belong to neighbors in the same building or in houses on the opposite side of the road. This infrastructure is very dense and should be available to first responders during rescue missions in urban environments. This is why we propose an emergency switch for wireless routers. The idea is to create a wireless mesh network (Raniwala & Chiueh, 2005) by interconnecting all privately owned wireless routers. This infrastructure then acts as a communication backbone in case of a disaster. It can fill 10 more pages are available in the full version of this document, which may be purchased using the "Add to Cart" button on the product's webpage: www.igi-global.com/article/can-use-your-routerplease/75445?camid=4v1 This title is available in InfoSci-Journals, InfoSci-Journal Disciplines Business, Administration, and Management, InfoSci-Civic Engagement, Sustainable Planning, and Crisis Response eJournal Collection, InfoSci-Management Science and Organizational Research eJournal Collection, InfoSciSurveillance, Security, and Defense eJournal Collection, InfoSci-Journal Disciplines Communications and Social Science. Recommend this product to your librarian: www.igi-global.com/e-resources/libraryrecommendation/?id=2


Storage planners in developing countries often exploit scale economies in grain facilities by building large units far from producers without accounting for the effect on transport costs. Capacitated networks with an approximate master program solve this plant size-location problem, offering computational efficiency, ease of use, and productive interaction with planners unfamiliar with programming techniques. Tests with transport costs in three Brazilian production areas recommend decentralization of storage—more smaller units closer to farmers, a conclusion supported by sensitivity analysis and recent experience of farmers, planners, and cooperative officials.


Reconfigurable circuit designs for automatic seizure detection devices are essential to prevent epilepsy affected people from severe injuries and other health-related problems. In this proposed design, an automatic seizure detection algorithm based on the Linear binary Support Vector Machine learning algorithm (LSVM) is developed and implemented in a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). The experimental results showed that the mean detection accuracy is 86% and sensitivity is 97%. The resource utilization of the implemented design is less when compared to existing hardware implementations. The power consumption of the proposed design is 76mW at 100MHz. The experimental results assure that a physician can make use of this proposed design in detecting seizure events.


foreign technical barriers across the most fundamental way is the best long-term export enterprises in technological innovation.However,due to China's export of the vast majority of small and medium-sized enterprises,individual enterprises in the power of technology,capital and other aspects of the lack of innovation in its limited,it is difficult leap in all sorts of foreign technical barriers.By those geographically close to the inter-related businesses and associated agencies who are part of an enterprise clusters,as they are with a particular industry in the area formed industrial clusters are a powerful technological innovation capability.


Crayfish plague is a severe disease of crayfish that is caused by the oomycete Aphanomyces astaci. Two crayfish hosts of this parasite, Procambarus clarkii and Pacifastacus leniusculus, were imported from North America into Japan and were found to be infected with this parasite. Since the endemic Japanese crayfish, Cambaroides japonicus, has a low resistance to the crayfish plague, infection with this parasite will likely lead to crayfish death. Specimens of both invasive crayfish species were collected across Japan and their infection status was examined using a PCR technique. Aphanomyces astaci was detected in all localities and the average infection prevalence was 67%. Additionally, when the signs of melanization were compared with the results from PCR analyses, it suggested that the DNA detection procedure is more reliable than observation of tissue melanization. Moreover, the relationship between prevalence and water temperature in the field was analyzed, indicated that water temperature influenced the prevalence of A. astaci infection.


Short-term fertilization studies showed that the occurrence of a dense moss carpet was a constraint to nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) recycling by the graminoids in the polygonpattemed fens of the Arctic, where herbivores like geese feed. This constraint would delay the fertilizing effect of their faeces filled with readily available nutrients (N and P) for the grazed plants. In this context, a long-term fertilization experiment, with 14 treatments (N, P, N+P, feaces and glycine) was conducted in the polygon-patterned fens of Bylot Island, a ,Canadian High-Arctic site. The goal was to simulate the presence of the Greater Snow goose who feeds there every summer. Our results show, after five years of fertilization with a density of faeces twice as important as the one of the actual geese population, a strong tendency towards an increase growth of the graminoids. Otherwise, only a higher fertilization with inorganic nitrogen (~ 1 g N/m/year), in order to reach the moss carpet saturation point, has a significant effect on their growth. In addition, the litter decomposition is then favored. This study also reveals that the absorption of N and P by the vegetation is not clearly promoted by combined additions of these nutrients instead of additions ofN or P alone. On the other hand, the frequency ofnutrient additions (single vs. annual) influences the growth of the mosses, but not the one of the graminoids. As a matter of fact, the mosses took advantage of annual doses of nutrients instead of receiving the equivalent completely on the first year of the experiment. As geese come back every summer to the study site, it then seems that their fertilizing effect is more important on the mosses then on the grazed graminoids. Those vascular plants also undercompensate the loss . of ,tissue to grazing, which reduces their overall coyer and probably gives the mosses a better access to light. To conclude, in Bylot Island, it appears that the geese would help to maÎ1:-ttain a coyer of bryophytes typical of arctic polygon-pattemed fens.


Effective organizational communication has a role in increasing employee job satisfaction. This study aims to determine how organizational communication at the Banjarnegara Regency Communication and Informatics Agency (Dinkominfo) increases employee job satisfaction during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research employs a qualitative method with a descriptive approach, with research data collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis uses the stages of data reduction, presentation, and conclusions or verification. The results showed that the Dinkominfo of Banjarnegara Regency has optimized and established proper communication between superiors to subordinates, subordinates upward, and co-workers in selecting information, interpreting information and coordinating the relationship between superiors with other employees. Employees of the Dinkominfo of Banjarnegara Regency are satisfied with the division of labor for employees following their fields. They also know their roles as stated in the main tasks and functions.


Background: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most commonly diagnosed skin cancer, with increasing incidence each year. Although the treatment of BCC is typically surgical, a non-surgical approach is highly desirable for patients with non-aggressive BCC recurrence, multiple tumors, poor general health, or with lesions in vulnerable areas. In the last few years, advanced cancer treatment options have targeted the Hedgehog pathway, known to regulate the proliferation of cancer stem cells and increase tumor invasiveness. Itraconazole, a triazole antifungal that inhibits ergosterol synthesis in fungi, have also proven a clinically significant tumor size reduction in BCC via inhibition of this pathway. However, serious adverse effects might preclude itraconazole use in broader population where multiple medications or comorbidities might be present. Preliminary studies demonstrate posaconazole, another member of the triazole family, may present a safer clinical alternative to the currently used pharmacological methods utilised in the management of BCC. Therefore, this phase II study aims to analyze the efficacy of posaconazole as a safe therapeutic option for nodular


The main idea of a quantum computer is the use of a solid-state matrix with embedded array of quantum dots. Such quantum dots could theoretically be the tips of the probes of scanning probe microscopes. Here we consider some theoretical approaches in order to describe optical properties of the tip. First, we consider a tip as a box with infinitely high potential at the faces. Then, in the same way we consider cylindrical and cone shapes. Keywords—quantum dot; optical properties; potential well; dipole moment


The relationship of chronic lead ingestion and reduced reproductive performance was investigated with regard to the relative paternal and maternal effect of lead as measured by the progeny of F-one lead toxic rats. Paternal lead-toxic effect on pups' development was manifested by a retardation of embroynic growth and a reduction in the number of weaned pups per litter. The maternal effects of lead toxicity were seen in reduced litter size, retardation of fetal development and impaired postnatal survival. When both maternal and paternal effects of lead toxicity coexisted, all previously identified components were manifested and resulted in the birth of a few, precariously small pups which had a 30% survival rate. The effects of lead upon reproduction in the rat can be classified as gametotoxic, intrauterine and extrauterine.


Stream Cipher is a cryptographic primitive that is used to make sure privacy on a communication channel. SNOW family is a typical example of word oriented stream ciphers based on Linear Feedback Shift Register (LFSR). In this paper two versions of SNOW family have been analyzed against Guess and Determine (GD) Attack. Original SNOW 2.0 is an improved version of SNOW 1.0 claimed to be more secure and efficient in performance. Vulnerabilities in SNOW 2.0 give rise to another version of SNOW 2.0 called Modified SNOW 2.0. Both versions have claim that their model is secure against Guess and Determine attack. The purpose of this paper is to verify their claimed and to determine that which version has more resistance against Guess and Determine attack. Both algorithms are evaluated experimentally in two phases. Analysis and experimental results indicate that, for small number of key streams Modified SNOW 2.0 shows more resistance against GD attack. But when the number of key streams generated becomes larger Original SNOW 2.0 becomes more secure.


Purpose: To investigate the clinical characteristics of Korean patients with facial herpes zoster. Methods: The present study enrolled patients with facial involvement among the patients with herpes zoster. The percentage of involved branches of the trigeminal nerve, types and frequency of ocular complications, and changes in visual acuity depending on systemic treatment were analyzed. Results: A total of 146 patients (15.9%) out of 916 patients with herpes zoster were diagnosed with facial herpes zoster. The ophthalmic branch was the most frequently involved (55.5%), and coinfection with the ophthalmic and maxillary branch was also common (31.5%). Ocular complications developed in 82 eyes (56.2%) and were most common in the group of coinfection with the ophthalmic and maxillary branch (Fisher's exact test, p=0.003). Conjunctivitis (72.0%) was the most commonly observed ocular complication, while punctate keratitis and endothelitis were also frequent. After treatment with a systemic antiviral agent, visual acuity was significantly improved (paired t test, p=0.001). Conclusions: A higher incidence of ophthalmic complications was observed in facial herpes zoster patients with a wider area of involvement, including the ophthalmic branch. There was significant improvement of visual acuity and ocular complications after systemic treatment. Therefore, systemic antiviral treatment should be considered when a broad herpes zoster skin lesion is observed.


approved: Andrea C. Mackey/ The volatile components of rye flour were isolated by steam distillation and trapped in cold traps under vacuum. After preliminary tests indicated the presence of carbonyl compounds, the distillate was reacted with 2,4 dinitrophenylhydrazine to convert the carbonyl compounds to their stable derivatives, 2,4 dinitrophenylhydrazones. Three classes of monocarbonyls were present as indicated by column chromatography. The identity of two classes was verified by ultraviolet spectra and a time fading study using ethanolic sodium hydroxide as a coloring agent. Tentative identification of the following compounds was achieved by paper chromatography of two classes of monocarbonyls: acetaldehyde, propanal, butanal and pentanal; prop 2-enal, but-2-enal, pent-2-enal, hept-2-enal and oct-2-en.al. An ether extract, of a rye flour distillate was concentrated to produce an essence which was subjected to gas-liquid chromatographic and mass spectral analysis. Several compounds were identified on the basis of the match of their relative retention times with those of authentic compounds on two columns, Carbowax and Apiezon, and their mass spectra. The compounds identified in rye flour volatiles were: acetaldehyde, hexanal, prop2-enal, ethanol, 1-pentanol and ethyl acetate. Some Components of the Volatiles from Rye Flour (Secale cereale) by Marion Prince A THESIS submitted to Oregon State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science June 1970


The invention relates to a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device comprising the steps of: - providing a first alignment layer (8) on a first substrate (1) ; - rubbing the first alignment layer (8) such that the first alignment layer (8) has a first pretilt angle; - providing a second layer alignment (9) on a second substrate (2) - exposing the second alignment layer (9) to light, so that the second alignment layer (9) has at least one second angle pretilt; and -. providing a liquid crystal material between said first and second substrates The first and second layers respectively comprise a polyimide material and a polysiloxane-based material invention. allows for display devices, if any multi-domain, avoiding mechanical alignment treatment for the second substrate. It applies to the manufacture of liquid crystal flat screens.