Take the single-discipline department as the unit to reorganise teaching file is the "No.1 position" in the school.That involves many areas,and is to collect first-hand information from the practice of teaching.This paper will give a brief summary of procedure and experience on teaching file reorganization which take the physiology department as the unit in the third military medical university.


Ten Schiff base of triazole and thiadiazole have been synthesized for the first time Thier physical constants,UV,IR, 1H NMR,elementary analysis and biological activity were originally studied.It is found from the results of biological activity tests that some compounds have a good activity on plant growth hormone.The Schiff base of thiadiazole have a excellent activity on auxin,the Schiff base of triazole have a good activity on cytokinin and excellent function on growth of root.


An Automatic Approach of Reverse Engineering the Protocols of Networked Applications Maxim Shevertalov Advisor: Spiros Mancoridis As networked application become more relevant in today's co mputing world, the tools we use to create, debug, and inter-operate networked protocols need to becom more sophisticated. This work poses an initial step in building a protocol reverse engineering tool. This t ool can be used to help developers understand and implement communication protocols. It can assist them i n reverse engineering protocols to make applications compatible, as well as merging multiple proto c ls. This document describes a tool named PEXT, used to extract ne tworked protocols from captured network data. It will present implementation details of PEXT as well as two case studies using it. The first case study will use PEXT to extract the Jabber chatting protocol f r m a collection of captured network traffic, generated using the Pidgin chat client application. The sec ond ase study will use PEXT to investigate the differences between two implementations of the FTP protoco l.


Reward and punishment in education is one of the methods that can be applied to improve motivation for learning and student discipline. The reward refers to awarding reward to students for their achievements. The punishment refers to suffering or discomfort given intentionally by teacher (or parents, and others) after violation, mistake, or crime made by the students.
The main issues discussed in this thesis is how the implementation of reward and punishment for students of Junior High School of Sekolah Islam Terpadu Ukhuwah and Junior High School of Sekolah Islam Sabilal Muhtadin Banjarmasin, at Banjarmasin city,; and what are the supporting and inhibiting factors in applying reward and punishment for students in both schools.
This research was field research using qualitative approach. For data collection techniques used in this study is interviews, observations and documentaries, and research data was analyzed using descriptive qualitative method.
The results of this study indicate that the Junior High School of Sekolah Islam Terpadu Ukhuwah provide rewards to student who are active in organizations and other activities in school, also to student achievement and selected student or "the best student". The reward given such as positive point, praise, cue, respect, and incentive. While punishment given to student who commit violations concerning diligence, neatness, attitude, and responsibility. The punishment given such as negative point, reprimand, advice and reading Istighfar or salawat. In Junior High School of Sekolah Islam Sabilal Muhtadin Banjarmasin, the reward given to student achievement and student who was active in school activities and organizations. The reward is point of positive performance, praise, applause, charter and school tools. While punishment given to student who commit violations concerning personality and Akhlak. The punishment given such as negative point, reprimand, warning and reading one juz of Quran.
The results of the application of reward and punishment are (1) increased motivation to learn such as; high students attention and interest on lesson, high necessity and encouragement in learning, student confidence on the ability doing task, student satisfaction on learning activities, and an interesting activity in learning. (2) Increased discipline such as; high discipline on rules and learning activities.


Clinically, melatonin (MLT) has variable oral absorption and extensive first‐pass effect, making its oral mode less preferable. Ethosomes are able to permeate intact through the human skin due to its high deformability.


Growth pigments and metabolites of monacolin K and citrinin were compared for Monascus purpureus during 14-day solid-state ermentation on white rice and brown rice (Chai-Nart cultivar). Monascus purpureus IFRPD 4046 was selected as the target strain which produced the  ighesth monacolin K content and the lowest citrinin content. Optimum fermentation conditions regarding moisture content, temperature and fermentation time were determined. A comparative study showed that monacolin K production in white rice was about twice higher than in brown rice. At the optimum conditions, concentrations of monacolin K dried at 55°C to constant weight were 132.98 and 66.48 mg/100 g in white rice and brown rice, respectively while citrinin was not detected. Results revealed that the IFRPD 4046 strain has a potential to produce red yeast rice with higher monacolin K in white rice thanin brown rice with low citrinin content.


A speed and position detection system for high-speed maglev which consists of a speed measuring and relative positioning subsystem based on detecting cog-slots of the long-stator synchronous linear motor and an absolute positioning subsystem based on inductive coding is introduced. The principles,hardware structure and signal processing of the system are elucidated. Also experimental results are presented.


The coherent structure of a turbulent boundary layer in the vicinity of the trailing edge region of an airfoil is investigated experimentally. The airfoil (NACA 65-010) is located in a wind tunnel at an angle of attack of 0° and 8°. Conditional sampling with the VITA technique, and quadrant analysis are applied to make clear the coherent structure at the near wall region, which is called the bursting phenomenon. The main results obtained in this paper are summarized as follows : The contribution from the sweep event of the bursting phenomenon to the mean Reynolds stress -(uv)^^^→ increases at the suction side of an airfoil with an attack angle. However, at the pressure side, the contribution from the sweep event decreases, and that from the wallward interaction event increases. This is the reason that mean Reynolds stress increases at the suction side and decreases at the pressure side.


Barns of New York: Rural Architecture of the Empire State By Cynthia G. Falk. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 2012. xxii + 268pp. Preface, places to visit, notes, glossary, further reading, and index. $27.95 (paper), ISBN 978-0-8014-7780-5.A Family Farm: Life on an Illinois Dairy Farm By Robert L. Switzer, with an appendix by Frank E. Barmore. Chicago: Center for American Places at Columbia College Chicago, 2012. 254pp. Acknowledgments, prologue, notes, image galleries, bibliography, appendix. $35.00 (cloth), ISBN 978-1-935195-34-4.Spatial and temporal distance can distort our views of calamitous forces. For example, some people hunt tornadoes as much for the thrill of the experience as to record data, but anyone who has lost a house in a twister doesn't share their enthusiasm. Neither do combat veterans tend to become military historians. For those who have experienced calamity up close and personal, the memory is never nostalgic. The same can be true of longer, less-perceptible disruptions, like the generational impacts of technological and social change. For those of us who study old buildings, it is a healthy practice to remind ourselves of the human costs of the processes that hurled the things we photograph into obsolescence. Readers of this journal will celebrate Cynthia Falk's Barns of New York: Rural Architecture of the Empire State, but should sober up with Robert L. Switzer's A Family Farm: Life on an Illinois Dairy Farm.Students of American agricultural landscapes will place Cynthia Falk's Barns of New York: Rural Architecture ofthe Empire State among their favorite references. Together with Visser's (1997) Field Guide to New England Barns and Farm Buildings and Ensminger's (1992) The Pennsylvania Barn, Falk completes a trio of guides to farm landscapes of the northeast. Falk is a scholar in the Cooperstown Graduate Program of SUNY College at Oneonta, a joint program of SUNY Oneonta and the New York State Historical Association. The book represents years of research by Falk and her graduate students working with the Farmer's Museum in Cooperstown, which sponsored the project. Cornell University Press deserves accolades for this attractive production.Barns of New York is a systematic guide to the material culture of New York's agricultural past and present, but its appeal lies in rare forms. As J. B. Jackson (1980) instructed, ruins and old buildings give us our bearings on the past. Nevertheless, overindulgence of our antiquarian fancies risks distorting our views of the realities of historic farm life. For those of us so fortunate as to get to do fieldwork, recording silent old buildings in idyllic photographs, there is a need for periodic inoculation against an imagined, all-too-pretty past. Robert L. Switzer's A Family Farm: Life on an Illinois Dairy Farm is just such a reality check. Switzer tells an intimate history of his family's farm in northwest Illinois. His purpose, at least in part, is to make amends for his own liquidation of the farm in 1991.Although its focus is New York, and most of the examples are from the central part of the state, the strength of Falk's Barns of New York is its breadth of coverage of understudied forms, from apiaries to wine cellars; in fact, only a quarter of the book is devoted to barns. A generous offering of early illustrations, especially floor plans and building exteriors, collected from nineteenth and early twentieth century advertisements, textbooks, farm journals, and county extension pamphlets, as well as historic and contemporary photos, are valuable components that provide for a delightful visual presentation. Intriguing vignettes from diaries of area farmers allow glances into the annual work cycle and building uses on nineteenth century New York farms.Notably, Falk refuses to snub prefabricated forms that serve modern agriculture so well today (i.e., steel buildings) - a statement that demonstrates a genuine appreciation of the vernacular. …


Landscape plants constitute one of the main elements of garden spaces. This paper discussed space creations and structural analysis of plant landscapes for a hotel by four space areas using designs of plant landscapes for Dazuhua Emperor Ramada Hotel as a case study.


According to the method for designing and generating an image-based haptic effect for providing a user-defined haptic effect using an image-based haptic primitive proposed by the present invention, for electronic devices including a user interface capable of providing a haptic effect, various haptic primitives which are components of a haptic effect design can be set, and the haptic effect corresponding to the haptic primitive selected by a user from among the set haptic primitives can be applied to a predetermined region of the user interface based on the intention of a user. Thus, the user may directly design the various haptic feedbacks implemented based on images.


To the Editor .—We are worried that the estimates of risk of seroconversion provided by Lowenfels et al 1 in the November 1989 issue of theArchiveswill lead to unnecessary and extreme concern on the part of the great majority of surgeons. These estimates were used at a recent regional meeting to justify a recommendation for testing all preoperative patients. Our concern is based on the fact that the authors took care to determine the frequency of puncture injuries in surgeons but estimated prevalence in the population to be 5%. Prevalence in the population and frequency of punctures have an equal effect on risk of seroconversion. The authors do note that this is the prevalence in patients with trauma in some inner city populations; however, they do not indicate that this rate greatly exceeds the prevalence of infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in the general population. In a


This paper analyzes the determinants of the simultaneous cross-sectional variation of return and volatility risk premia. Independently of the model specification employed, the estimated risk premium associated with the default premium beta is always positive and statistically different from zero. Moreover, the risk premium of the market volatility risk premium beta is negative and statistically significant. However, both risk factors are priced economically and statistically differently in the volatility and return segments of the market. On average, common factors in both segments explain 90% of the variability of volatility risk premium portfolios, but only 65% of the variability of equity return portfolios. This version: November 3, 2016


The feeding inhibition and oviposition deterrent activity of natural products were evaluated under laboratory conditions against Tetranychus urticae Koch. Mite feeding specks in the treatments varied from 61.3 to 428 at concentrations ranging from 0.625 to 40%. Darekastra and fermented buttermilk outperformed others to result in reduced number of feeding specks with increase in concentration. The feeding inhibition index for all the products was negative suggesting that these have varied level of inhibition. Cow urine, Darekastra, fermented buttermilk and Tamarlassi were found to effectively reduce the oviposition by mite. The oviposition deterrence index exhibited both attractiveness and repellent activity of natural products. Cow urine, Darekastra and fermented buttermilk proved as potent acaricides against T. urticae under both the deterrence parameters.


Hydrogen is produced by plasmolysis of (1) demineralized water vapors (steam) and (2) water vapor and argon gas. In the current study, a custom-made dielectric barrier discharge (DBD)-corona hybrid reactor has been designed and used for steam plasmolysis. The objective is to show the feasibility of hydrogen production from water vapor plasmolysis at atmospheric pressure at a relatively smaller interelectrode distance and to characterize the plasma for its fundamental properties. The generated plasma properties have been characterized by applying spectrometric analysis, in which the measured plasma temperatures are demonstrated in the order Te > Texc > Trot, which confirms the nonlocalized thermal equilibrium (LTE) existence in the plasma bulk. Moreover, the estimated electron number density (1.765 × 1017 m–3) shows an exceptional energy for water vapor dissociation, which eventually results in a reasonable efficiency. The estimated energy efficiency and thermodynamic efficiency for water vapor plasmolysis...


The presented literature review is devoted to the cardioprotective capabilities of a new class of antihyperglycemic drugs - sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2), which improve glycemic control through an insulin-independent mechanism of action associated with an increase in urinary glucose excretion. The article presents the results of large-scale clinical trials on the use of SGLT2 inhibitors in patients with and without diabetes, and with cardiovascular diseases or multiple cardiovascular risk factors. A number of the most frequently discussed cardiac specific mechanisms mediated by the SGLT2 inhibitor affecting the Abstract           state of the cardiovascular system are presented. Moreover, the article presents the results of a placebo-controlled clinical trial entitled "Empagliflozin reduces mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes at high cardiovascular risk" (EMPA-REG oUtcOmE) to analyze the cardioprotective capabilities of SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin in patients with type 2 diabetes and concomitant cardiovascular diseases. The article emphasizes the importance of further research to determine the degree of contribution of the above-mentioned mechanisms to the cardioprotective potential of SGLT2 inhibitors. PubMed database was used to identify relevant studies and systematic reviews.


Strike right,the basic right in the framework of constitution according to international legislative tradition,is not defined in the law of China.In recent years,with the development of the reform of socialism market economy,the reform of laborer disputes and strike inevitably arouse thorough attention.The paper points out that the right to strike is an economic right instead of a political right.The legislation of right to strike can not only ensure the legal rights and interests of laborers but also control the negative effects of strikes.The various problems of legislation are not the causes that the legislation is objected,but rather,the tasks that should be tackled in the legislation.In fact,the defining of right to strike has become an important issue in the theory and legislation in China;besides many previous ideas concerned with the right should be converted.


ABSTRACT The effects of nitrogen (N at 0, 100 and 180 kg N ha-1) and sulfur (S at 0, 20, 40 and 60 kg S ha-1) on crop yield, nutrient uptake, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), and amino acid composition of two bread wheat cultivars, 'Shehan' and 'Enkoy,' grown in Andisols and Cambisols in randomized blocks with three replications were evaluated. Both cultivars responded significantly (P < 0.05) to N and S applications and S application with N improved the NUE by 28%. The yield increase for the two cultivars by N and S application ranged between 0.8 to 2.4 Mg ha−1. The N concentration increased significantly from N0 to N2 in both cultivars. Sulfur fertilization increased the concentration of cysteine and methionine by 27% and 14%, respectively, as compared to N alone. The grain yield, NUE, N, and S uptake, and the S-amino acid concentration of 'Enkoy' were significantly higher than 'Shehan' cultivar.


Abstract The morphology, reproduction and taxonomy of Pandorina colemaniae Nozaki sp. nov. (Volvocaceae, Chlorophyta) were studied using clonal cultured materials from Okayama Prefecture, Japan. This species is distinguished from other Pandorina species by its 8- or 16-celled vegetative colonies, in which multipyrenoid cells are arranged compactly and are contiguous in the centre. The cellular and colonial organization observed with light and electron microscopy and the mode of asexual reproduction suggest that P. colemaniae is closely related to the type species, P. morum (O.F. Muller) Bory. A synoptic key to the species of Pandorina is provided.


The goal: to identify clinical-radiological and cellular-molecular markers of medical workers (MW) post-covid syndrome (PCS) severe course risk. Methods: Design of research – closed population, focus group –MW. We did clinical and laboratory, biochemical, hormonal, immunological, coagulological, X-ray examinations. PCS diagnosis was according to WHO recommendation (2021). Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, correlation analysis with coefficient of determination (R2) calculation. The critical level of significance was р<0.05. Results: PCS severe course MW's maximum risk was higher in case of lung damage volume >50 %, high temperature more than 25 days, troponin – 1.5±0.54 ng/ml, NT-pro-BNP - 2146±355.8 pg/ml, and these parameters were more than 4 weeks after disease and from 1.7 to 45 times higher than in comparison group. Conclusions: medical workers PCS severe course risk is characterized by the volume of lung damage more than 50 %, high temperature more than 25 days, high levels of troponin, TGF-beta 1, PIIINP, MCP-1, which lead to cardiovascular complications in the post-covid period development.


PurposeAt present, electrical heating clothing is widely used to keep ourselves warm at low temperature. The purpose of this paper is to explore the heat transfer performance of electrical heating fabric and the thermal comfort of human skin at low temperature.Design/methodology/approachThe combined model of skin-electrical heating fabric system was established to simulate human skin tissue wearing electrical heating clothing. A series of simulation experiments are designed on the basis of verifying the effectiveness of the combined model. The temperature distribution inside the combined model and on the skin surface under different heating powers is simulated and analyzed. At the same time, the influence of ambient temperature on the thermal performance of electrical heating fabric was explored.FindingsThe skin model with blood vessels reflected the temperature change of human skin wearing electrical heating clothing. The higher the heating power of the electrical heating fabric was, the greater the temperature of the skin surface changed, the faster the temperature rose and the longer the time required to reach the stable state would be. After the heating element was electrified, it had the greatest effect on the average temperature of the epidermis and dermis, had smaller effect on the average temperature of subcutaneous layer and had little effect on the temperature of blood vessels. When the heating power was the same, the higher the ambient temperature was, the more obvious the heating effect of electrical heating fabric was. Electrical heating fabrics with different heating powers were suitable for different ambient temperature ranges.Originality/valueA reasonable and effective evaluation method for the thermal comfort of electrical heating fabric was provided by establishing the skin model and combined model of the skin-electrical heating fabric system. It provides a reference for the design and application of electrical heating clothing.


Climate monitoring is clearly specified as the objective (l. 39 l. 388), but the method finally suggested cannot be used for long climate record. The data are only available starting in 2000. If the final goal is to produce long climate record, the selected method has to be applicable over long time series, otherwise the objective of the study is not met. The interest of this method with respect to the ones that are applicable to longer time series is not clear and needs to be discussed further.


Guidelines and tools are easier to understand and use when presented through examples. The SSK provides a variety of standardized resources in a meaningful context, delivered by research use cases : the « scenarios ». FULL TEI TEI is the SSK underlying data model, designed to maximize scenario reuse and customization.


Objective To explore the effect of 17β-estradiol (E2) on portal venous pressure (PVP) in liver fibrosis induced by CCl_4.Methods Forty male rats were divided into 4 groups,including groups A,B,C and D.Liver fibrosis was induced in all male rats by CCl_4 administration for 12 weeks.Rats in groups A and B were treated with E2 (2 mg/kg) twice a week and E2 (1 mg/kg) twice a week respec- tively,and those in group C served as control group.Rats in group D were treated with tamoxifen (6 mg/ kg) every day orally.All the rats were anesthetized at the 13th week.The PVP was measured and the fresh liver tissue was collected.The expression of NF-kappa Bp65 mRNA and TGF-β1 mRNA in rat livers was detected by real-time PCR,quantity of collagen fibers (CF) in rat livers by Massion stain,and correlations among above detective factors by correlative analysis respectively.Results (1) The PVP in all groups was increased progressively as:ABCD (F=54.712,P0.05);(2) The expression of NF-kappa Bp65 mRNA in all groups was increased progressively as:ABCD(F=109.024,P0.05 );(3) The expression of TGF-β1 mRNA in all groups was increased progressively as:ABCD(F= 224.969,P0.01);(4) The expression of CF in all groups was increased progressively as:ABCD (F=6.929,P0.01);(5) In all liver tissues,NF-kappa Bp65 mRNA and TGF-β1 mRNA were line- arly correlated (r=0.724,P0.01 );TGF-β1 mRNA and CF were linearly correlated (r=-0.871, P0.05);CF and PVP were linearly correlated (r=0.902,P0.05).Conclusion E2 could inhibit the expression of NF-kappa Bp65 to reduce the expression of TGF-β1 mRNA,which could lessen the pro- duction of CF to degrade PVP in rat liver fibrosis.


This bachelor thesis focuses on the controlling of the qualitative analysis in production process. It consists of a theoretical and a practical part. In the theoretical first part the problem of production controlling will be researched by the relevant literature and by other modern concepts regarding the control of a quality level. The second practical part is based on perceptions made in the theoretical part above as well as public accessible informations of a real production company. It contains the controlling of production and new solutions in the production process which lead to higher quality of products in the engineering industry.


A series of reverberating shock experiments on the precompressed hydrogen-deuterium (H-D) mixture were performed by using a two-stage light gas gun, and an elaborately designed diagnostic configuration was presented to probe the multishock states of dense fluid H-D mixtures. The particular diagnostics allowed multiple physical parameters, including the equation of state (EOS), refractive index, reflectivity, molecular polarizability, and energy gap, of H-D mixtures under double-shock compression to be simultaneously determined in a single shot. The multiple parameters obtained provide a comprehensive evaluation for existing theoretical models from multiple perspectives. It is found that, compared with the semilocal Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhof xc functional, the EOS data predicted by a nonlocal van der Waals exchange-correlation (xc) functional (vdW-DF1) are in much better agreement with the experimental results. Furthermore, the commonly used Gladstone–Dale relation is not appropriate for describing the refractive index in high-pressure-temperature regions, and the refractive index and reflectivity can be well reproduced by the Heyd–Scuseria–Ernzerhof hybrid xc functional. These observations may provide insights into future theoretical developments and a better understanding of material properties under extreme pressure-temperature conditions.


PurposeThis research paper seeks to identify multiple stakeholder perceptions relating to the level of graduateness of a group of business school graduates in Palestine.Design/methodology/approachAn exploratory mixed method approach was employed. Survey data provided the quantitative information that was analysed using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS). Interviews of 1.5–2 h duration were conducted to gather the qualitative data. The study utilised an inductive thematic approach to analyse these data.FindingsEmployers were resolute in the view that despite the high level of youth unemployment in Palestine, they still had difficulty in sourcing suitably qualified graduates. Collaboration between employers and higher education providers is not of a level that supports the development of graduateness. The identified key skill shortages occurred in the soft skills area, for example, written and verbal communication, language and problem-solving skills, negotiation and conflict resolution.Research limitations/implicationsAs an exploratory research study, there are opportunities for future research investigating more deeply the themes identified and the success or otherwise of the recommended initiatives.Practical implicationsThis study has implications for both educationalists and policymakers, regarding the prioritisation of development funding and of policies and practices aimed at improving youth employment. There are implications for all stakeholders with regard to collaboration in curriculum development, provision of education, and training and development programmes targeting young people to ensure that they are work ready.Originality/valueThis paper is one of the first to examine the skills gap between business schools' graduates and employment in Palestine.


Two widely used signatures of interplanetary coronal mass ejections are counterstreaming suprathermal electrons, implying magnetic structures connected to the Sun at both ends, and magnetic clouds, characterized by large-scale field rotations, low temperature, and high field strength. In order to determine to what extent these signatures coincide, electron heat flux data were examined for 14 magnetic clouds detected by ISEE 3 and IMP 8 near solar maximum and 34 clouds detected by Wind near solar minimum. The percentage of time during each cloud passage that counterstreaming electrons were detected varied widely, from 6 clouds with essentially no counterstreaming to 8 clouds with nearly 100% counterstreaming. All of the former but less than half of the latter occurred near solar minimum, suggesting a possible solar cycle dependence on the degree of magnetic openness. The counterstreaming intervals were distributed randomly throughout the clouds, with a median length of 2.5 hours. A plot of counterstreaming percentages against cloud diameter for 33 clouds modeled as cylindrical flux ropes indicates a linear dependence of the percentage of closed flux on cloud size, with the largest clouds being the most closed. Overall the results are consistent with the view that although magnetic field lines within a magnetic cloud can form a large-scale, coherent structure, reconnection in remote regions of the structure, presumably near the Sun, sporadically alters its topology from closed to open until the cloud assimilates into the ambient solar wind.


Systems whose correctness depends on their temporal aspects as well as their functional aspects.Many papers have been published in the field of real-time scheduling these. A common characteristic of many real-time systems is that their requirements.fundamental to the design of multicoreready real-time operating systems: 1 Which scheduling policies offer the greatest flexibility in satisfying temporal. Real-time scheduling algorithms for uniprocessor systems, which can be. In the physical world, the purpose of a real-time system is to have a.A real-time scheduling System is composed of the scheduler, clock and the. Retrieved April 2, 2012 from: http:www.tc.faa.govitsworldpactechrptar05-27.pdf.scheduler, real-time systems, real-time operating system, scheduling. By migrating kernel services such as scheduling, time tick. MNSC140CORE.pdf.Scheduling hard real-time systems: a review by A. Recent results in the application of scheduling theory to hard real-time systems are reviewed in this.Radek Pelánek. Model of RT System abstraction focus only on timing constraints idealization e.g, zero switching time. Page 3.of scheduling algorithms for real-time systems in which jobs may overrun. Larger class of applications, known as soft real-time systems, allows some jobs to.Scheduling algorithms are a governing part of real-time systems and there. Basic concepts of real-time system and scheduling are explained. Section 3.AbstractReal-time scheduling is the theoretical basis of real-time systems engineering. Scheduling algorithm for uniprocessor real-time systems.and Load Adjustment in Adaptive Real-Time Systems, IEEE. Layland, Scheduling Algorithms for Multiprogramming in a Hard RealTime.Introduction to.


The compound metal oxide of Ce_xZr_(1-x)O_(2-δ)was prepared by adding aq.ammonia to a mixed solution containing ceric nitrate and zirconium nitrate with polyacrylamide as dispersing agent.The precipitate was filtered by suction,dried at 110℃and calcined for 2h in air at 600℃.The powdery solid sample was dissolved in 3 mol·L~(-1)H_2SO_4,a definite and known amount of Fe~(2+)ion(in form of standard solution of Fe(NH_4)_2(SO_4)_2 solution)to reduce Ce~(4+)ion,and the excess amount of Fe~(2+)ion in the solution was titrated with standard K_2Cr_2O_7 solution.The non-stoichiometric value of oxygen(δ)was calculated by the formula given.Value of RSD's(n=6) found was 1.0%.Results found by this method were in conformity with those obtained by the thermogravimetry.


Changes in the composition of fibre types and the capillary supply of skeletal muscle (tibialis anterior) were quantified in rats and hamsters subjected to 8‐10 weeks of cold exposure and reduced photoperiod (10 °C, 1 h light‐23 h dark). Muscle mass decreased in both species (by 12% and 17%, respectively). Following acclimation to cold there were no specific changes in fibre cross‐sectional area (FCSA) in rats, whereas in hamsters there was a substantial atrophy of Type II, but not Type I fibres. In rat muscle there was little difference between the two groups in average capillary to fibre ratio (C:F) (1.76 ± 0.15, normothermia, N; 1.69 ± 0.05, hypothermia, H) and average capillary density (CD) (188 ± 14 mm−2, N; 201 ± 12 mm‐2, H). Similarly, the average C:F was unaltered in hamsters (2.75 ± 0.11, N; 2.72 ± 0.15, H), although the 30% smaller fibre size observed with hypothermia resulted in a corresponding increase in average CD, to 1539 ± 80 mm−2 (P < 0.01). However, there was a coordinated regional adaptation to cold exposure in hamsters resulting in capillary rarefaction in the glycolytic cortex and angiogenesis in the oxidative core. Following acclimation of rats to cold there was a reduction in the supply area of individual vessels (capillary domain), particularly in the cortex (9310, N; 8938 μm2, H; P < 0.05). In contrast, hypothermic hamsters showed only a small decrease in mean domain area in the cortex (948 μm2, N; 846 μm2, H; n.s.) but a marked reduction in the core (871 μm2, N; 604 μm2, H; P < 0.01). Rats showed little or no change in local capillary supply (LCFR) to fast fibres on acclimation to cold, while in hamsters the LCFR of Type IIb fibres showed a decrease in the cortex (2.7, N; 2.3, H) and an increase in the core (3.0, N; 3.3, H) during acclimation to cold. These data suggest that during a simulated onset of winter rats maintain FCSA and capillary supply as part of an avoidance strategy, whereas hamsters increase muscle capillarity in part as a consequence of disuse atrophy.


Photograph of a group of people at an outdoor picnic table. Several people sit at the food and drink laden table. Two men stand on either side. In the foreground to the left, a teenage boy holds a crutch. To the right near a car's open trunk, a man holds food.


The collective behavior of a two-dimensional wet granular cluster under horizontal swirling motions is investigated experimentally. Depending on the balance between the energy injection and dissipation, the cluster evolves into various nonequilibrium stationary states with strong internal structure fluctuations with time. Quantitative characterizations of the fluctuations with the bond orientational order parameter q 6 ?> reveal power spectra of the form f &agr; ?> with the exponent α closely related to the stationary states of the system. In particular, 1 / f ?> type of noise with &agr; ≈ − 1 ?> emerges as melting starts from the free surface of the cluster, suggesting the possibility of using 1 / f ?> noise as an indicator for phase transitions in systems driven far from thermodynamic equilibrium.


Muscle cramp is common among elderly women. A cramp is a rapid, spontaneous painful contraction of a muscle causing an obvious knot inside the muscle. Cramps occur for a few minutes and are sudden. Stretching of the muscle may relief the cramps. Cramps are painful and may awake patient from sleep, as well as delay from the rest.


Taking the example of pork,using 2(safety certification)×2(brand awareness) situational experinment and ANOVA method studied restraining factors and mechanism of safety certification on consumer's purchase intention.Consumer's economic rationality was the precondition to trigger safety certification and stimulate consumer response.The empirical analysis found that safety certification had a significant influence on consumer purchase intention,and consumer's purchase intention was affected by the interaction of consumer's trust and brand awareness.


For this study, using the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM), we conducted flow-field analyses in which two straight channels were mutually connected with multiple side-channels. Results showed that calculated flow fields can be categorized into three types of flow pattern depending on flow field geometry and flow conditions. The following typical flow patterns were identified: case 1, the incoming flow passes uniformly through the side channels; case 2, the flow passes preferentially through the side channel in the inlet and the outlet; and case 3, the flow passes mainly through the side channel of the outlet side. Results also indicate that these flow patterns depend on two dimensionless parameters: the ratio of permeability of the side channels to the channel width, and the Reynolds number. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res, 36(2): 96–104, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www. interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/htj.20143


The invention discloses a packaging structure of a micromirror with a micro electro mechanical system, which is used for carrying out wafer level lamination seal packaging on a micromirror with the micro electro mechanical system by utilizing the self peripheral frame of system micromirror with the micro electro mechanical system, which is characterized by comprising a top layer transparent cover plate, a middle layer micro electro mechanical system micromirror and a bottom layer substrate, wherein the micro electro mechanical system micromirror comprises a micromirror body and a micromirror surrounding silicon frame; the lower surface of the top layer transparent cover plate and the micromirror surrounding silicon frame form a cavity body capable of accommodating the micromirror body to move; the bottom layer substrate is used for supporting the micromirror with the micro electro mechanical system, and the micromirror with the micro electro mechanical system, the top layer transparent cover plate, the micromirror surrounding silicon frame and the bottom layer substrate form a closed cavity body; and the micromirror body is arranged in the closed cavity body. The packaging structure is the smallest packaging structure of the micromirror with the micro electro mechanical system, and has high production efficiency and lower cost. By adopting the packaging structure, the micromirror has strong anti-jamming capability and long service life.


This work concerns the changes to wood surface morphology induced by surface cleaning with dry ice. The surface roughness values demonstrated that the surface treatment with dry ice resulted in amplified surface roughness, mainly due to the increase in the roughness of early wood. The treatment of old wood with dry ice not only guarantees effective removal of contamination from the wood surface, it also induces positive changes in other (such as wettability, surface free energy, color, and similar). This way of wood surface treatment guarantees more wood surface quality for the surface treatment, impregnation or gluing.


This paper proposes a unified approach that enables the Wishart distribution to be studied simultaneously in the real, complex, quaternion and octonion cases. In particular, the noncentral generalised Wishart distribution, the joint density of the eigenvalues and the distribution of the maximum eigenvalue are obtained for real normed division algebras.


The aim of the article was to explore ways in which formal and non-formal skills development programmes can be improved for education continuity and employability of marginalised youth. This is attributed to the fact that coronavirus disease (COVID-19) with its related lockdowns is causing not only unprecedented disruption in the provision of skills, but also catalysed innovation in distance learning. A qualitative case study with some elements of action research, systematic inquiry and non-participant classroom observation with capability and empowerment theories supported the inquiries. Thematic analysis was used. Results reveal that while access to skills development was maintained in some spaces through a rapid shift to distance learning, the pre-existing social and digital divides deprived marginalized groups of continued learning and putting them behind schedule. Many institutions and learners lack operational distance-learning platforms, digital skills and devices. Save for the few exceptions, distance learning policies by the government have not yet been able to facilitate the acquisition of practical skills, which are critical components for the success of education and employability. Evidence points not only to pedagogical dimensions with educator's incompetence to provide a supportive environment, but also to designing structured educational resources versus the abundance of online resources, disruptions to assessment and certification, and a general decline in the quality of practical training causing demotivation among learners and educators. The general increased economic hardship has also increased the likelihood of marginalised youth dropping out of education. The study recommends a robust shift on how skills are delivered-shift to digital literacy and adoption to technology, forge national and regional public private partnerships to increase the availability of accessible distance learning solutions, allocate more financial resources, develop new training programmes by marrying curricula to real life working situations, assess and certify online for educational continuity and employability.


XBRL is an extensible business reporting language. XBRL-adopted financial reporting has been increasingly becoming prevalent in the field of financial accounting information. The related research of XBRL adoption is a hot topic, mainly focusing on technical specifications, classification standards, and application effects of XBRL adoption. However, currently few studies have paid attention to the effect of XBRL-adopted financial reporting on corporate governance, particularly on executive compensation management. Moreover, most of the conclusions from these studies are inconsistent. This paper aims to comprehensively explore the effect of XBRL-adopted financial reporting on the sensitivity of executive compensation performance creatively from a multi-dimensional perspective. This perspective includes three dimensions of the XBRL-adopted time period, firm property, and performance, plus the 3-D crossover. The findings show that a law exists for describing the evolution of the effect of XBRL adoption over time, which indicates that the effect of XBRL adoption during an early period is greater than that during a later period. In the firm property dimension, the sensitivity of executive compensation performance of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) is higher than that of non-SOEs after XBRL adoption, and the sensitivity changing rate of SOEs is also greater than that of non-SOEs. In the firm performance dimension, the sensitivity of the executive compensation performance of well-governed firms is higher than that of poorly governed firms after XBRL adoption, but the sensitivity changing rate of well-governed firms is smaller than that of poorly governed firms. Furthermore, in the cross-dimension of time period and firm property, the effect of XBRL adoption on the sensitivity of executive compensation performance in non-SOEs shows a similar law to that in the time-period dimension. However, no obvious law is shown in SOEs. In the cross-dimension of time period and firm performance, the effect of XBRL adoption on the sensitivity of executive compensation performance in well-governed firms also shows a similar law to that in the time-period dimension. However, no obvious law is shown in poorly governed firms. In the cross-dimension of firm property and firm performance, the sensitivity of executive compensation performance is closely correlated to firm performance, and correspondingly, poorly governed non-SOEs show a low sensitivity, which is even significantly lower than those in both the overall poorly governed firms and the overall non-SOEs. The findings can help firms to identify their special properties, performances, and XBRL-adopted time periods to make appropriate decisions to improve the performance of executive compensation management after XBRL adoption.


Using a color tuning approach reliant on reductive photopatterning, we present red-green-blue electroluminescence from a single layer polymer light-emitting device. To be able to cover the full color range, we employ a single emissive layer consisting of a blue emitter (the host polymer), as well as green and red emitting guest polymers. The energy transfer between the host and the various guest compounds is tuned via a reductive photoinitiated process in the presence of gaseous hydrazine. This process is compatible with regular film casting techniques such as spin coating, and therefore can be regarded as a promising alternative to the more complex, traditional patterning approaches.


Glutathione is activated to a mutagen by γ‐glutamyl transpeptidase. Other thiols, such as cysteine, penicillamine, cysteine ethylester, and cysteinylglycine, are direct mutagens in the Ames Salmonella mutagenicity test. Thiol mutagenesis is oxidative in nature and involves H2O2 and possibly hydroxyl radicals. Transition metals are crucial for thiol autoxidation. The role of copper and ceruloplasmin (CP) in thiol‐dependent mutagenesis was studied in Salmonella typhimurium strain TA102. Cu and CP at low concentrations enhanced thiol‐dependent mutagenesis in the presence, but not in the absence, of added Fe. The degree of enhancement depended on the type of thiol. At high Cu or CP concentrations, thiol mutagenesis was inhibited. Cu also decreased the mutagenicity of H2O2. Cu‐ and CP‐enhanced mutagenesis were inhibited by radical scavengers, catalase, and peroxidase but not by superoxide dismutase. The effects of Cu and CP on thiol‐dependent mutagenesis were similar to their effects on thiol‐driven lipid peroxidation. The results indicate that the role of Cu and CP in the enhancement of thiol mutagenesis is the facilitation of the transfer of electrons from a thiol to iron, rather than in catalysis of the Fenton reaction. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 29: 63–72, 1997 © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Abtsrcat For a sample of n pairs of observations from Morgenstern Type Bivariate Logistic Distribution (MTBLD) in which the marginal distributions of random variables X and Y have the same coefficients of variation c, we derive the best linear unbiased estimator of the parameter associated with the Y variable using concomitants of order statistics.


Objective: Given that music listening often occurs in a social context, and given that social support can be associated with a stress-reducing effect, it was tested whether the mere presence of others while listening to music enhances the stress-reducing effect of listening to music. Methods: A total of 53 participants responded to questions on stress, presence of others, and music listening five times per day (30 minutes after awakening, 1100h, 1400h, 1800h, 2100h) for seven consecutive days. After each assessment, participants were asked to collect a saliva sample for the later analysis of salivary cortisol (as a marker for the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis) and salivary alphaamylase (as a marker for the autonomic nervous system). Results: Hierarchical linear modeling revealed that music listening per se was not associated with a stress-reducing effect. However, listening to music in the presence of others led to decreased subjective stress levels, attenuated secretion of salivary cortisol, and higher activity of salivary alpha-amylase. When listening to music alone, music that was listened to for the reason of relaxation predicted lower


An electromagnetic scanner with dual radial magnetic fields was developed to enlarge torque in both horizontal and vertical scans. Scan angles were 50.55° and 9.06° for horizontal and vertical scans, respectively, for single current path.


Cryonic suspension refers to preservation of human tissues and cells at extremely low temperature in anticipation revival in future, making it possible to prolong the life of individuals infinitely and to cure currently 'untreatable' bodily infirmities when their treatment would become available. Being a futuristic technology widely regarded as fiction until late 1980s, the gamut of cryonics has expanded vastly since then, with promising developments made in the past decade itself and much more expected in the recent future. Though advances in medical technology has been constant in the recent past, the legal framework surrounding cryonics has been a grim story. The rule of law provides little insight to meet such challenges in entirety, all across the world and particularly in India, where the constitutional mandate under Article 21 calls for promotion of life and well-being. Several religious, ethical, constitutional and legal issues also arise in dealing with cryonics, primarily because it challenges the concept of mortality itself- an inalienable fact which forms the basis of the entire legal jurisprudence. Venturing into this realm of the 'unknown' explicates crucial questions surrounding medical determination of death, constitutional viability of the practice and its intersection with assisted suicide, criminal identity and criminal liability, rights in ownership, claims under insurance laws and so on. This paper attempts to explore answers to these questions, thereby establishing a legal and ethical framework for regulating cryonics and suggesting recommendations for the same. While technological developments surpass even our wildest estimates, our laws should aim to provide answers before questions even arise.


The fifth generation (5G) wireless communications systems have brought a growing need for various antennas, electrically small and large, low-gain and large-gain, also at millimeter wavelengths, and in many cases with beam steering or switching capability. Frequencies of 28 GHz, 38 GHz, 58 GHz, 60 GHz, 71–86 GHz, 140–150 GHz, and some even higher window frequencies are of interest in 5G and subsequent generations. Different parts of the systems need different kinds of antennas. In this presentation, we discuss two antenna types that we have recently studied, namely high-gain lenses with beam switching capability and lower gain printed antennas that suit very well for mass production.


ABSTRACT Studies of federalism concerning the impact of (fiscal) decentralization on budgetary stability produced inconclusive results. Ambiguous findings lead to uncertain budgetary expectations, and consequently, the level of stringency of adopted balanced budget rules (BBRs) varies across the spectrum of different federal models. This article clarifies the link between the structure of federalism and the stringency of BBRs. It argues that rather than decentralization alone, it is the combination of decentralization and interdependence between levels of government that explains the varying stringency of BBRs across federal systems. Additionally, the strictness of fiscal prudency rules is estimated through a new, ten-point model. Three cases are selected for empirical testing, and the analysis shows that the European Union's adoption of a rather stringent BBR is not counterintuitive, but rather expected based on its political structure.


This paper presents a novel compact factored subsurface scattering representation for optically thick, heterogeneous translucent materials. Our subsurface scattering representation is a combination of Tucker-based factorization and a linear regression method. We first apply Tucker factorization on the intensity profiles of the heterogeneous subsurface scattering responses. Next, we fit a polynomial model for characterizing the differences between the different color channels with a linear regression procedure. We show that our method achieves good compression while maintaining visual fidelity. We validate our heterogeneous subsurface scattering representation on various real-world heterogeneous translucent materials, geometries and lighting conditions.


Pedestrian circulation planning follows the same general procedures utilized in comprehensive land use and transport planning. Key steps are: reconnaissance and inventory; analysis of characteristics; demand forecasting; concept and alternative developments; and plan formulation and appraisal. This paper discusses the first three steps. It summarises salient pedestrian travel behaviour and characteristics in central Perth. It outlines two different pedestrian demand models, a density model and a gravity type model, for the noon and evening peak periods. It discusses pedestrian planning standards and principles, determines some short term circulation deficiencies, and recommends circulation improvements. The Perth central area pedestrian study, conducted for the Perth metropolitan region planning authority provided the basis for this paper. (A)


Absorption of water vapor into a liquid falling film of 50 to 63% lithium-bromide solution is a part of a typical absorption refrigeration cycle. The heat- and mass-transfer rate of the absorption step is often an important factor in the economic design. Significant enhancements in the heat- and mass-transfer rate can be obtained by adding small amounts of surface active agents such as 2-ethyl-hexanol. However, when both mass transfer and surface active agents are present, the surface tension gradients due to concentration differences can lead to instability. In spite of this general understanding of the mechanism, in the system with aqueous lithium bromide and 2-ethyl-1-hexanol the exact role of surface tension gradients due to temperature, concentration of solute, and concentration of surfactant are not well documented. A linear stability analysis for a jet (which is equivalent to a stagnant pool) under adiabatic conditions was presented by Ji et al. (1993). Based on this theoretical study, the critical Marangoni number (Ma) for the onset of the instability should be of the order 10{sup 8}. Using the values of surface tension gradients from Kim et al. (1994), the mass-transfer enhancement in falling films of 50--60% lithium-bromide with 2-ethyl-1-hexanol should be evident atmore » surfactant concentrations above approximately 5 ppm. Experiments to verify the onset hypothesis and the effect of other variables on the mass-transfer coefficient are the major objectives of this work.« less


The electrical energy domain is very dynamic. The paper presents a vision for the future at the horizon of 2030 as it is described by an IEEE recent publication. A new wave of electrification is at horizon; the entire new infrastructure in a modern society is electrical one. Electrical engineers must innovate, research, project, realize and develop new home (smart home), new electrical networks (smart grid), new sources (renewable) new system of powering electric cars (car plug-in) modern electric vehicles (electric and hybrid cars, trucks and buses, metro and tramway) high speed train, modern airplanes, all other electro-technological equipments and many others power electrical applications. At the basis of many new products are new and revolutionary materials as, for example, nano-structured, cryogenic and others. The real challenge: Smart solutions for better life!


In this paper an ecological adaptive cruise controller to reduce the fuel consumption and ensure the safe inter-vehicle distance for vehicles with step-gear transmissions is presented. An optimal control strategy using reinforcement learning with a novel actor-gear-critic architecture is proposed to obtain the continuous traction force trajectory and the discrete gear shift schedule. The traction force is determined from an actor network to maintain a desired inter-vehicle distance which improves the driving safety in a car-following process. The gear shift schedule is derived from a gear network to reduce the fuel consumption. The control strategy is model-free and allows continuous online learning for different driving situations without look-ahead velocity information. Particularly the nonlinear vehicle dynamics, the nonlinear transmission efficiency map for different gear ratios, and the nonlinear fuel consumption map are learned for fuel consumption reduction. The proposed controller is evaluated for different driving scenarios to demonstrate its robustness. Furthermore simulation comparisons for different gear shift schedules and velocity trajectories are given underling the advantages in terms of fuel economy and driving safety.


The purpose of this randomized, controlled, blinded, crossover study was to determine the effects of orally administered Yunnan Baiyao (100 mg/kg body weight) on tests of coagulation in dogs. Buccal mucosal bleeding time, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, clotting parameters obtained from thromboelastography, and indices of platelet activation were determined before and after Yunnan Baiyao administration. Eight, adult dogs were randomly given either lactose or Yunnan Baiyao filled capsules. Jugular venous sampling and buccal mucosal bleeding time were performed before treatment (T=0), and then at 1, 3, and 12 hours after. Three weeks later the procedure was repeated to complete the crossover. Statistical analysis was performed using a mixed model ANOVA (P ≤0.05). In addition, percentage change from baseline was calculated for each parameter to evaluate trends that might be present in the small number of animals used in this study. Statistical results demonstrated none of the measured parameters were significantly different within groups or between groups at any time. Comparison of percentage change between placebo and Yunnan Baiyao groups demonstrated a trend at some sampling test points in the Yunnan Baiyao group towards decreased buccal mucosal bleeding times, increases in platelet number and plateletcrit along with TEG parameter changes (quicker clot intiation and rate of formation). In conclusion, under the conditions of this study, Yunnan Baiyao demonstrated non-significant differences between preand post-administration buccal mucosal bleeding times, platelet numbers and some TEG values along with no evidence of induction of hypercoagulability in healthy, non-bleeding dogs.


Abstract The growing popularity of knowledge management (KM) in the construction industry has, unfortunately, not been matched by parallel empirical research in training and benefits of KM for construction industry in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). This article discusses the KM-related training strategies implemented in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia construction industry. Given the relatively new and unexplored nature of the research problem, qualitative research method was adopted to collect and analyse data. Results are based on the analysis of data from 46 professionals from KSA construction organizations. This article concludes that training interventions are a complex and context-embedded activity. The current study results suggests that for effective implementation of KM strategies, there is an urgent need for KSA construction industry to develop and deploy appropriate KM-related management training programmes. Leadership plays an important role in breaking down barriers in achieving KM strategies. The practical implication of this research is that the KM should not only focus on the specific knowledge to be captured, shared, mapped and transferred between individuals but should also address strategic concerns at group and organizational levels.


We present the results from simulation studies of evaporation of a single fluid in a capillary porous medium. Employing a three-dimensional site-bond correlated network model to represent a porous medium, namely Clashac sandstone, we analyze different aspects of the phase distribution by evaporation of a single fluid in the porous medium. As a direct consequence of the porous medium utilized, we analyze the influence of a strongly disordered porous media with a broad range of pore and throat size distributions in the evaporation process. Experimental data togheter with throat and pore size distributions were used to build and match the network model, allowing us to determine the porosimetric curve for the Clashac sandstone for different degrees of correlation. Also, the correlation length was obtained from the percolation theory. In our case study the evaporation process modeled was insensitive to the different degrees of correlation that might occur between pores and throats. In addition, it was observed that the evaporation pattern was the same for all analyzed networks above the correlation length.


One of the most crucial functionalities of cognitive radio networks is spectrum sensing. Completing this task in an accurate manner requires opportunistic spectrum access. Traditionally, sensing has been performed through energy detection by each individual secondary user. In order to increase accuracy, individual measurements are aggregated using different fusion functions. However, even though collaborative spectrum sensing can increase accuracy under benign settings, it is prone to falsification attacks, where malicious secondary users report fake sensings. Previous studies have designed trust (reputation) based systems to contain the effect of the adversaries, ignoring to a large extent the wireless channel irregularities when performing the computation. In this paper, we decouple the reasons behind an incorrect sensing report and propose the Decoupling Trust and Capability Spectrum Sensing System (DTCS3). DTCS3 is a collaborative spectrum sensing system that takes into account both a secondary sensor node's trust and its capability to sense the channel. Through thorough evaluations that consider a large variety of attack strategies, we show that by accounting for wireless induced effects while calculating the reporting trust of a secondary user, we can significantly improve the performance of a collaborative spectrum sensing system as compared to existing schemes in the literature. In particular, the true positive/negative rates can be improved by as much as 38%, while DTCS3 is able to track and respond to dynamic changes in the adversaries' behavior.


The invention discloses a polyacrylate resin 3D printing material and a preparation method thereof. The 3D printing material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight by virtue of a precipitation polymerization way: 6-13 parts of acrylic acid, 20-40 parts of a soft monomer, 45-60 parts of a hard monomer, 50-100 parts of a solvent, 30-50 parts of a cross-linking agent and 0.2-0.6 part of an initiator. By virtue of the precipitation polymerization way, the prepared polyacrylate resin 3D printing material is high in performance by regulating the carboxyl group content of the resin as well as the molecular weight and the distribution of the resin by changing the synthesis formula and the synthesis process conditions of the carboxyl-containing polyacrylate resin, so that a product printed with the 3D printing material powder is high in binding strength, high in printing precision and excellent in flexibility.


Some spiking neuron models have proved to solve different linear and non-linear pattern recognition problems. Indeed, only one spiking neuron can generate comparable results as classical artificial neural network. However, depending on the classification problem, one spiking model could be better or less efficient than other. In this paper we propose a methodology to create spiking neuron models using Gene Expression Programming. The new models created are applied in eight pattern recognition problems. The results obtained are compared with previous results generated adopting the Izhikevich spiking neuron model. This first effort will help us to generate spiking neuron models which will be adaptable to a specific pattern recognition problem.


Referral to treatment, even when done thoroughly, is not as effective as giving patients buprenorphine in the emergency department (ED), either in the hospital or with medication for induction at home, according to the results of a randomized clinical trial.


The EPC project is the tendency of China′s AEC industries development. However, due to the low level of information management in the domestic AEC industries, the advantages of EPC projects are difficult to be shown. Through the integration of BIM technologies and EPC mode, the complementary advantages of the two can make EPC management in a more scientific and efficient way. This paper takes the urban tunnel engineering EPC project as the carrier to conduct the exploration and practice of BIM technologies in EPC project management. It focuses on the feasibility and scientific combination of EPC mode and BIM technologies from the perspectives of design, schedule management, safety and civilized construction.


Only minimal increments of 3HTdr uptake were demonstrated in PHA-stimulated cultures of normal guinea pig thymocytes. Bone marrow cultures from both normal and erythroid suppressed animals failed to proliferate in response to this nonspecific stimulus. However, the combination of thymic and marrow cells resulted in significant augmentation of PHA responsiveness. Maximum synergistic activity occurred when thymus and marrow cells were cultured in equal amounts. The in vitro behavior of thymus and marrow cells alone and in combination is consistent with their immunologic activity in the intact animal.


The specific electrical contact resistance (SECR) [<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Omega \text{m}^{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>] of Cu-ETP (CW004A) contacts is characterized in dependence of contact pressure up to high pressures close to the tensile strength of the base material. Two different material states are considered, R200 (soft) and R300. Static four-wire measurements are carried out on a special experimental setup, which favors homogeneous contact states during mechanical loading. A finite-element simulation is utilized for interpretation and evaluation of the measurements, including the deformation of the samples during the test. The results show that the SECR of the harder material state R300 is higher than that of the softer material R200. The developed data show a decrease of SECR with increasing contact pressure. For contact pressures up to 0.5 of the tensile strength <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\sigma _{t}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of the base material, the SECR decreases according to a power law. For contact pressures above <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.6~\sigma _{t}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, the decrease shifts toward a linear behavior. In addition, the measurements show that the SECR vanishes at contact pressures in region of the tensile strength of the base material.


It is increasingly relevant to study the effects of climate change on species habitats. Using a maximum entropy model, 22 environmental factors with significant effects on sorghum habitat distribution in China were selected to predict the potential habitat distribution of sorghum in China. The potential distribution of sorghum under baseline climate conditions and future climate conditions (2050s and 2070s) under two climate change scenarios, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5, were simulated, and the receiver operating curve under. The accuracy of the model was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating curve (AUC). The results showed that the maximum entropy model predicted the potential sorghum habitat distribution with high accuracy, with Bio2 (monthly mean diurnal temperature difference), Bio6 (minimum temperature in the coldest month), and Bio13 (rainfall in the wettest month) as the main climatic factors affecting sorghum distribution among the 22 environmental factors. Under the baseline climate conditions, potential sorghum habitats are mainly distributed in the southwest, central, and east China. Over time, the potential sorghum habitat expanded into northern and southern China, with significant additions and negligible decreases in potential sorghum habitat in the study area, and a significant increase in total area, with the RCP8.5 scenario adding much more area than the RCP4.5 scenario.


Objective
To investigate the relationship between the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3 (VEGF-R3) in peripheral blood of patients with lung cancer and the pathological characteristics, and to assess the ability to evaluate lymphatic and distant metastasis of the two marks.

Methods
VEGF-C and VEGF-R3 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 124 patients with lung cancer and 30 normal controls, and used to analyze the relationship with the pathological characteristics of lung cancer.

Results
The serum levels [M(QR)] of VEGF-C and VEGF-R3 in patients with lung cancer were 283.57 (120.70) pg/ml and 62.72 (43.02) ng/ml, significantly higher than the control whose VEGF-C and VEGF-R3 were 234.62 (129.20) ng/ml and 43.08 (17.07) pg/ml, respectively (Z=-2.840, P=0.005; Z=-3.834, P<0.001). No correlation was found between the expression of VEGF-C and age, sex, primary tumor site, T stage (Z=-0.949, P=0.343; Z=-0.454, P=0.649; Z=-1.168, P=0.243; Z=-1.694, P=0. 090). But the expression of VEGF-C was significantly related with pathologic type, N stage and M stage (χ2=8.829, P=0.012; χ2=27.148, P<0.001; Z=-2.221, P=0.026). However, the expression of VEGF-R3 was not correlated with age, sex, the site of the primary lesion, pathological type and T, N, M stage (Z=-0.558, P=0.577; Z=-0.599, P=0.549; Z=-0.703, P=0.482; χ2=1.166, P=0.558; Z=-0.680, P=0.496; χ2=0.353, P=0.950; Z=-1.523, P=0.128).

Conclusion
The expressions of VEGF-C and VEGF-R3 in patients with lung cancer are higher than those in normal control, and the expression of VEGF-C is related with patho-logic type, N stage and M stage. The detection of VEGF-C in peripheral blood of lung cancer is expected to be an assistant marker for the evaluation of lymph node metastasis and blood metastasis, but VEGF-R3 does not show its value.

Key words:
Lung neoplasms; Vascular endothelial growth factor C; Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3; Neoplasm metastasis


Parents hope that their children will make it far in life. They see future doctors, ballerinas, scientists, and award-winning actors when the babies are still squealing in their strollers - but without a solid education, these dreams may not be possible in our increasingly competitive world.


For the last four terms, we have been experimenting with a "hybrid" instructional format that aims to combine the best elements of a face-to-face and online experience. This paper continues to report on our experiences with our hybrid format. We evaluate the effectiveness of this approach within the e3 framework[5] and report on the resulting classroom experience and student perceptions. We also describe the technology and touch on design elements necessary for a successful hybrid format. At a time when a number of educational institutions are expanding to online, both to fulfill their mission and expand their markets, it is useful to be aware of the options for online instruction. Based on student surveys and faculty feedback, our hybrid approach is no worse than face-to-face and offers a better online experience than a traditional asynchronous online class.


The objective of the paper is to analyze and present the specific and innovative characteristics of the multipurpose oceanographic vessels that are currently being built in Spain. The main requirement in these types of vessels is the low level of noise radiated to the water, Silent Platform, according to ICES 209, to satisfactorily exploit the evaluation of the Fishing Resources and its dynamic position capacity for operations with remote operating vehicles. These vessels are designed to carry out a wide range of research activities and have, therefore, the most modern facilities, laboratories, and equipment to undertake scientific missions in the different marine disciplines: Marine Geology, Physical Oceanography, Chemical Oceanography, Pollution, Marine Biology, and Fisheries.


Translation as a concept coordinates participation in innovation but remains a qualitative construct. We provide multivariate accounting of linkages between market entries of vaccines, clinical trials, patents, publications, funders, and grants to quantify biomedical translation. We found that the most prevalent types of biomedical translation are those between basic and applied research (52 percent) followed by those between research and product development (36 percent). Although many biomedical stakeholders assume knowledge flows one way from upstream research to downstream application, knowledge feedbacks that mediate translation are prevalent. We also cluster biomedical funders based on the types of translations they fund. Large-scale funding agencies such as NIH are similarly involved in early-stage translation, whereas pharmaceuticals and mission-oriented agencies such as DARPA involve diverse translation types, and each leaves different translation footprints.


The objective of this article is to analyze the Public Diplomacy that Mexico has developed since its emergence as an independent State on the international scene as a strategic tool for the construction of solid bonds that have allowed it to difund its culture and national identity around the world in a positive way; the work will also analyze the image crisis that Mexico is going through and the response that the State has developed to face it abroad, and finally, as a way of conclusions, the challenges faced by Mexican Public Diplomacy in the future are presented and a proposal to face them.


This study of alighting accidents involving buses of Southern California Rapid Transit District was accompanied by definition of a series of alternatives for possibly alleviating the problem. Two accidents resulting in serious injury to passengers exiting rear doors of buses focused attention on the situation, but an overall analysis was made initially. Alighting accounted for on 4.9% of SCRTD's total accidents and 3.2% of accident costs. It was found that AMG and Flexible type Advanced Design buses had disportionate incidences of alighting accidents in relation to their numbers in the SCRTD fleet. Accidents were also analyzed in terms of weather, lighting conditions, front or rear exit, and victim's age and sex. Suggested alternatives were: Restrict exiting to rear door only; provide added handrails at front and rear doors to assist elderly who constitute a disportionate number of victims; undertake individual accident investigations; or continue monitoring general accident statistics.


We study a reaction-diffusion problem with a free boundary governing the evolution of a foam. We show that the problem is globaly well-posed and that the solution converges, when the viscosity tends to zero to the solution of an initial-boundary value problem for Burgers equation.


This paper describes a technique for applying Monte Carlo simulation methods to a digital communication system employing a high-level carrier phase modulation scheme known as multi-h CPM [1], [2]. This modulation format provides a means for achieving gains in the power/bandwidth tradeoff at the expense of increased complexity. Most papers in the literature on multi-h CPM deal with ideal environments in the respect that the effect of channel perturbations and nonideal modem implementations are not considered. The computer simulations described in this paper provide a means for gathering performance data for systems operating under channel bandlimiting, channel nonlinearities, phase error in the coherent reference at the receiver, symbol timing error, and decision depth in the Viterbi algorithm data detector. The simulations also provide detailed performance characterizations of algorithms designed for joint estimation of noisy carrier phase and data detection. Typical results for these cases are presented.


Automation and optimisation of supply-chain activities are made possible by radio frequency identification RFID technology. RFID supply chain performance can be enhanced by integrating RFID functions into the web service paradigm. However, the use of RFID involves growing privacy and security concerns, in part because the lack of RFID tag capacity places the whole supply-chain loop at risk of security such as product counterfeiting. In this paper, we tackle the security and privacy challenges in RFID by using context-aware web service technology. By employing a seven-layer trust framework, we design the functionalities to comply with web service architecture. In order to address the security and privacy problems, we also use the context parameters such as location and time to model the situations of RFID tags. A complete case of RFID-enabled supply chain in an EPCglobal network using context-aware web services is provided to tackle the RFID security and privacy challenges.


This research analyses,from a point of view both quantitative and qualitative, the situation of thePyramid Glacier, located in the Andean basin of the Maipo River, at 33° 35' S and 69° 53' W, withan average altitude of 3565 m. With a length of 6.5 km, an average thickness of 54,64 m and anicy section of 0,026 km2, is estimated a volume of dirty ice equivalent in 135,2 million liters ofwater. Morphologically corresponds to the type of covered glacier, whose debris mantle presentsvarying thickness between 30 cm and 1 m, which related to an average of 4.2° gradient determinesnone advance movement. This is corroborated by the absence of ridges and furrows that are properlyof the active rock glaciers. On the other hand, its surface presents a chaotic topography product ofdifferential ablation according to thickness of the morainic mantle. It presents thermokarst phenomena,like moulins, kettles and depressions of collapse with walls of ice 20 to 30 meters high, where there aremultiple debris-icy layers. These walls presents continuous landslides of detritic material, as well asstreams of melt water that circulate in the contact zone (active layer). At the bottom of depressions occurlagoons of different dimensions as well as tunnels occupied by seasonal water flows. The dimensionsof these forms of ablation and collapse have registered variations in its dimensions, as well as haveappear new depressions and accentuate the topographic irregularities, which reveals a strong negative mass balance with increase of the processes of melting, thinning and instability of the ice mass, whichis associated with the decrease in the in-puts because dominance of the La Nina phenomenon since2009 and the rising temperatures trends as shows the 0° C isotherm altitudinal changes.


"There is a black hole in the peacemaking literature when it comes to cities and to the urban scale. No matter where you look, you will not find the word "cities" or "urban" employed. There is a wealth of state-centric material, some references to community-based approaches, nascent work on corporations, a growing reference to the contributions of non-governmental organizations, and a few references to the contribution of regional organizations, but nothing about cities or city-systems. [...] However, no matter where you look, the substantive arguments about what is required for conflict resolution, about the dynamics of conflict transformation, about the praxis of peace making, all actually link very clearly to the urban scale, and cry out for agency at the urban level."


The anaerobic digestion studies of xylose wastewater containing high-concentration sulfate was conducted at 35℃±1℃ . The effect of pH, COD/SO_4~2- on COD , sulfate removal rate and relationship between them was described. The Study showed: 1. Adding Fe~3+ was a satisfactory method for sulphide removing; 2. It is desirable for COD removal under the conditionof pH≤7.5; 3.At COD/SO_4~2- ≥2.78, effect of COD/SO_4~2- on COD removal rate is slight .


Touring is a kind of spirit-cultivating consumption, which is commonly believed to forward a harmony between tourists and objects and to obtain satisfaction, that is, to help them in pursuit of beauty. This paper is an attempt to discuss the essence of tourism from an aesthetic point of view, and to analyze its aesthetic aspects of different levels.


A 65-year-old Caucasian woman presented to the emergency department with rapidly worsening shortness of breath. On presentation she was tachycardic and tachypnoeic with reduced (85%) oxygen saturation. Cardiovascular examination revealed elevated jugular venous pressure with positive Kussmaul9s sign, pulsus paradoxus and muffled heart sounds. Her inflammatory markers were elevated; she had neutrophilia and deranged liver function tests. Imaging revealed cardiomegaly, a large fusiform thoracic aortic aneurysm, pericardial effusion and right ventricular free wall collapse during diastole (suggestive of tamponade). Urgent pericardiocentesis was performed with rapid symptomatic relief. She subsequently underwent aortic root and aortic valve replacement surgery. Histology of the resected specimen showed inflammatory infiltrate with giant cell formation indicative of giant cell arteritis (GCA). This case highlights the need to consider GCA in the differential diagnosis of patients presenting with aortic aneurysm and pericardial effusion.


The AVIRIS onboard calibrator became operational in 1992. This subsystem on the AVIRIS sensor has operated nominally throughout the 1992 and 1993 flight season. This paper describes the data measured by the onboard calibration and the two primary uses of these data. First, the data may be used to optimize the tractability of the calibration of the delivered AVIRIS data to the laboratory radiometric calibration standard. Second, these data may be used to monitor and normalize the inflight radiometric performance of AVIRIS through the flight season.


OBJECTIVE To establish a method for determination of the content ammonium glycyrrhizinate in Ganlin lotion.METHODS Determination of the content ammonium glycyrrhizinate in Ganlin lotion by RP-HPLC. The mobile phase was CH_3 OH-H_2O-36% CH_3 COOH (65:28:7),the stationary phase was Shim-pack ODS_(18) (5μm,4.6mm×150mm),The detection wavelength was at 252nm.RESULTS The calibration curve of Ammoni- um glycyrrhizinate was linear in the range of 100μg·mL~(-1)~800μg·mL~(-1)(r=0.9999),and the average recovery was 95.8% (RSD=1.3%).CONCLUSION The method is simple and dccurate,and can be using for the quality control of Ganlin Lotion.


To achieve the best possible performance in parallel MRI, two reconstruction methods have been widely used in practice: (1): least squares error minimization, e.g. the SENSE method, and (2) maximization of the output signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), known as the matched filter or the MR phased array. We discuss precise assumptions under which methods (1) and (2) become equivalent and also give examples to show that, in general, the two performance criteria can not both be optimized at the same time. We also show that the g-function, which is widely used to assess performance with SENSE, is actually a case of the Cramer-Rao bound (CRB). For unbiased linear reconstructions (not necessarily the particular SENSE reconstruction), the Cramer-Rao bound can be used either to give a general floor on reconstruction error or a ceiling on attainable reconstruction SNR. These results are helpful for performing tradeoffs among algorithms, for optimizing coil array design, and for assessing the ultimate achievable algorithm performance.


Abstract: Profound hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) is uncommon and often associated with acute pancreatitis. HTG may result from congenital disorders, metabolic diseases, and medications among other causes. The acute management of HTG is not clear, although the combination of insulin and heparin has shown efficacy. Octreotide, a somatostatin analog, has been mildly efficacious in pancreatitis. We present a case of profound HTG and pancreatitis-treated combination of insulin and heparin with octreotide and compare this to previous reports.


In an effort to increase airport productivity, several wind-tunnel and flight-test programs are currently underway to determine safe reductions in separation standards between aircraft. These programs are designed to study numerous concepts from the characteristics and detection of wake vortices to the wake-vortex encounter phenomenon. As part of this latter effort, computational tools are being developed and utilized as a means of modeling and verifying wake-vortex hazard encounters. The objective of this study is to assess the ability of PMARC, a low-order potential-flow panel method, to predict the forces and moments imposed on a following business-jet configuration by a vortex interaction. Other issues addressed include the investigation of several wake models and their ability to predict wake shape and trajectory, the validity of the velocity field imposed on the following configuration, modeling techniques and the effect of the high-lift system and the empennage. Comparisons with wind-tunnel data reveal that PMARC predicts the characteristics for the clean wing-body following configuration fairly well. Non-linear effects produced by the addition of the high-lift system and empennage, however, are not so well predicted.


OBJECTIVE
There is limited knowledge of what influences sugary drink purchasing decisions in the Australian population. This study aimed to identify the most common locations and reasons across different demographic groups for purchasing sugary drinks in Australia.

METHODS
A total of 891 respondents (who purchased sugary drinks for personal consumption at least occasionally) from a broader national population telephone survey of Australian adults conducted in 2017 (n=3,430) were included in the analysis.

RESULTS
'Taste' was a ubiquitous reason for purchase (94%) and the majority also agreed with 'easily available' (76%). Males, younger people and people of lower socioeconomic status (SES) were significantly more likely to agree that sugary drinks were 'cheap' and 'better value than water'. Furthermore, males and younger people were more likely to report buying sugary drinks because they were 'part of a meal deal'. The most common purchase locations were supermarkets (56%), followed by convenience stores (19%) and food or entertainment venues (17%).

CONCLUSION
Taste is paramount in decisions to purchase sugary drinks, and widespread availability and value for money support consumption. Implications for public health: Policies and interventions targeting point-of-sale sugary drink purchasing decisions among the most 'at risk' consumers are warranted.


Introduction Chapter one: The Invention of Citizenship Chapter two: The Eclipse and Renaissance of the Concept of Citizenship Chapter three: Modern Citizenship: Between Rights and State Chapter four: From Theory to Politics: Citizenship and Modern Revolutions Chapter five : Citizenship and Modern Society Chapter six: Citizenship and Diversity Conclusion: The Alternatives of Citizenship Index


We will use the joint entropy of progressively censored order statistics in terms of an incomplete integral of the hazard function, and provide a simple estimate of the joint entropy of progressively Type-II censored data, has been introduced by Balakrishnan et al. (2007). Then We construct a goodness-of-fit test statistic based on KullbackLeibler information for Normal distribution by using approximate MLE. Finally, we used Monte Carlo simulations, the power of the test is estimated and compared against several alternatives under different progressive censoring schemes.


Converged network security is extremely challenging for several reasons; expanded system and technology perimeters, unexpected feature interaction, and complex interfaces all conspire to provide hackers with greater opportunities for compromising large networks. Preventive security services and architectures are essential, but in and of themselves do not eliminate all threat of compromise. Attack management systems mitigate this residual risk by facilitating incident detection, analysis and response. There are a wealth of attack detection and response tools for IP networks, but a dearth of such tools for wireless and public telephone networks. Moreover, methodologies and formalisms have yet to be identified that can yield a common model for vulnerabilities and attacks in converged networks. A comprehensive attack management system must coordinate detection tools for converged networks, derive fully-integrated attack and network models, perform vulnerability and multi-stage attack analysis, support large-scale attack visualization, and orchestrate strategic responses to cyber attacks that cross network boundaries. We present an architecture that embodies these principles for attack management. The attack management system described engages a suite of detection tools for various networking domains, feeding real-time attack data to a comprehensive modeling, analysis and visualization subsystem. The resulting early warning system not only provides network administrators with a heads-up cockpit display of their entire network, it also supports guided response and predictive capabilities for multi-stage attacks in converged networks.


The design of a miniaturized CPW-fed rectangular slot antenna over reactive impedance substrate is proposed. Two-dimensional printed periodic circular metallic patches have been introduced on one side of the substrate for designing of reactive impedance substrate (RIS). Instead of conventional metal plate, arrays of periodic circular metallic patches are introduced as backed material for the lower substrate. The proposed antenna gives 44.77% of miniaturization with an improvement of impedance bandwidth. The slot antenna exhibits moderate gain with acceptable radiation pattern and reasonable radiation efficiency.


This article presents an overview of microscopic traffic simulation models. It focuses on the SMARTEST project which is reviewing microsimulation models and investigating how they can be enhanced to fill identified gaps. Issues regarding interoperability, validation and calibration are examined. A list of microsimulation tools and applications for solving road traffic management problems is provided.


Initially, only the military had stressed and specified levels of reliable performance for semiconductor devices. Now, even by many of today's commercial operating requirements, the early military standards are obsolete and unreal. Many times reliability is unspecified, but expected, and for these instances product qualification plays an important role. In relating rectifier type products and applications to reliability, this paper will summarize the latest preferred methods of conformation of same (life testing etc.), the various industry and military documents that can be of aid when determining what level of reliability is required, and what the confirmation of same can mean financially.


In many parts of the world large-scale basalt flows associated with continental rifting have blanketed pre-existing sedimentary basins. In recent years considerable attention has turned to exploration beneath these extensive flows. A region of particular interest is the Atlantic margin of northwest Europe which experienced early tertiary magmatism associated with the interaction of the Iceland plume and the opening of the Atlantic Ocean (Barton and White, 1997). Imaging sub-basalt structures is notoriously complicated and there are several reasons why few successful case histories exist. The basalt flows are characterised by rough boundary topography and finely-layered internal structure. Therefore, scattering and attenuation are probably significant. Additionally, basalt can be considerably higher in velocity than the surrounding sediments. Hence, the point of critical P-wave reflection is reached at small incidence angle and only a small amount of P-wave energy penetrates the
basalt layer. Finally, short-offset data is contaminated with multiples, again due to the high-impedance contrast with surrounding sediments. The Rockall Trough which lies in deep water west of Northern Ireland is the site of extensive intrusive and extrusive dolerites and basalts. Seismic exploration in this area presents both acquisition and processing challenges. We present a methodology for processing long-offset data recently acquired in this region. Our technique builds on the approach of Emsley et al. (1998) who use locally P-to-S converted waves recorded at far offsets to penetrate the basalt. The use of local mode conversions extends the range of useful offsets for imaging beneath interfaces with large velocity contrasts (Tatham et al., 1983; Tatham and Goolsbee, 1984). We improve upon the approach of Emsley et al. (1998) by also employing the τ-p transform to further isolate converted waves from multiples and head-waves and to increase the signal-to-noise ratio of the extracted waves. In addition, the τ-p transform enables us to isolate arrivals with specific incidence angles, thereby facilitating the distinction between converted-wave and pure-mode energy even further (Tatham et al., 1983; Tatham and Goolsbee, 1984).


Rethinking marketing should start with answers to three questions: Why has our discipline made so few original contributions to the strategy dialogue? Why have we focused on dysfunctional, rather than functional, relationships, i.e. on unsuccessful marketing practice rather than successful practice? Why do qualitative studies lack acceptance in marketing? I suggest that the fact that marketing has viewed itself as an "applied discipline" has significantly contributed to our making so few original contributions to the strategy dialogue. Furthermore, the "applied discipline" view has contributed to our focusing on dysfunctional and unsuccessful, rather than functional and successful, relationships. Finally, the lack of acceptance in marketing for qualitative methods has resulted from advocates of those methods embracing relativism, constructionism and subjectivism. In general, the time for obfuscation and obscurantism masquerading as profundity has passed; the time for reasoned rethinking is just beginning.


PURPOSE: A method for melting a batch material in a glass melting furnace is provided, to increase the volume of a glass furnace and the melting velocity and to improve the quality and production yield of the prepared glass. CONSTITUTION: The method comprises the steps of attaching the oxygen burner(34) on the batch material(30) in the ceiling of the furnace(10); providing a flow of gaseous oxidizing agent into at least one burner(34); providing a flow of gaseous fuel into at least one burner(34); and generating flame from at least one burner(34). The flame(36) has a sufficient velocity enough to make the heat transfer be maximum while making the disorder of the batch material be minimum. The oxygen burner(34) is directed to cross perpendicularly with the surface of the batch material, and the range of angle is about 30 degree or less.


Two tightly coordinated 2-link planar manipulators and the straight line between their two bases can be considered as a 5-link closed chain. Since the coordination of robot manipulators has broad applications in manufacturing, hazardous material handling, undersea operation, and space exploration, automatic collision-free path planning for a 5-link closed chain is an important unsolved engineering problem. This paper describes a collision-free path planning algorithm for a 5-link closed chain with revolute joints. In the algorithm the 5-link closed chain is first represented by a path search graph that is built on the basis of the concept of the newly developed C subspace model. Subsequently, a collision-free path is searched upon the graph by the modified A* algorithm. The significance of this path planning algorithm is its convergence and efficiency. The convergence is guaranteed by the C subspace model, which constructs unique mapping between the planned path in C subspaces and that in the world space....


The Antebellum Puzzle' describes the situation of declining stature and pos mortality in the three decades prior to the American Civil War (1861-65). It is this period was one of rapid economic growth and development in the United State the debate has centered on whether the American diet, both in terms of protein a deteriorated in the middle of the 19th century. But the mortality environment a have worsened (or at least did not improve), connected with factors such as urba commercialization, and increased geographic mobility. This paper uses data on t Union Army recruits as an indicator of the standard of living of Americans durin Particular attention is paid to New York State and comparisons to the rest of th York State, mortality was not improving in the antebellum period and was deterio York City. For the United States and for New York State, urbanization was negat heights, as was the census death rate in 1850 and a measure of mobility (proport population foreign born). Although, New York State's agriculture was rapidly co in this era and specializing in dairy products, its nutrition may have been dete with substantial local variation. Mortality was also not improving and worsened Both contributed to a decline in this biological indicator of the standard of li both New York and the whole United States were experiencing Smithian' economic g (induced by transport improvements and widening markets) with negative externali York State was an area in advance of much of the nation in terms of both urban/i agricultural development in the antebellum period.


The exchange-bias effect provides unidirectional anisotropy to ferromagnetic thin-films in GMR and TMR sensors. It is weak because it relies on an inherently compensated coupling across a ferromagnet/antiferromagnet interface. We replace the antiferromagnet with a TbFe-based perpendicular-anisotropy amorphous ferrimagnet, coupling to an adjacent ferromagnet with 13-5 mJ/m2 for temperatures within 7.9–280 K. A large exchange-bias between 1.1 and 0.7 T in that temperature range ensues. The temperature dependence of the bias is step-like, and thus different from that of antiferromagnet-based exchange-bias systems. It suggests using this material in exchange-biased temperature assisted magnetic writing.