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What can governments do to end poverty in their countries? Is a solution possible under capitalism?
Hello, I come from Argentina, and in my country, poverty is an issue we still can't eradicate, even though extreme poverty has been around for many decades now.
What still baffles me is the fact that although the Government gives away money to those with reduced incomes, poverty is as bad as always. Poor people can now (at least) fulfill their basic needs, but they have now become dependant on the Govt to give them the necessary resources for life (and politicians do not care about this, since this way they can keep on "buying" their votes with cash). They don't have jobs (and some do not even bother to find one) and most still live in slums under really poor conditions. So, it's obvious this solution is only benefitial in the short run... eventually the Government is going to run out of money and we'll still have the same number of people in the streets.
Moreover, I read yesterday how India is going to start doing the same thing, but I guess that probably won't go anywhere either.
Now, what do you think is the solution to stop this vicious circle of poverty? What is your Government doing about it?
Bear in mind that Latin America has just extreme poverty levels (not as much as Africa), but still much more than the First World countries. At least in my country there is a surprisingly high number of slums (check some photos in wikipedia: http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa_miseria )
In my opinion, emphasis should be made on giving labour to these people outside-the-system. But for that, we need to offer public AND quality education. Yet I'm conscious that a malnourished child is not going to be able to be properly educated, is he?. So what can we do to ensure that child will have a better future? It's difficult to come up with a solution, but we're in the 21st Century now, it's about time we stopped poverty.
Greg Fox
Jan 15 2013: I think you may be asking the wrong question. Poverty is the normal condition of human beings. The real question is this: "What can government do to increase prosperity?" Socialism (including communism) is a proven failure at wealth creation. The only places where socialism is considered "successful" is where it exists as a parasite on a capitalist base. Without a solid, free market, capitalistic base to provide revenue to the government, socialist states are unable to remain financially viable.
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The other issue you need to consider is how the rich coop socialism for their own gain. The high taxes, tough regulation and government substitutes are often tools to keep the poor and middle class down. The rich don't pay income tax -- they have no "income". Their already have wealth. Instead, the high "progressive" taxes rob the small business owners and upcoming professionals of capital to compete with established wealth. Regulations can be use to prevent competitors from entering markets. Finally, government subsidies mostly go to well connected. If socialism was truely the means to end poverty and power of the oligarchy, then Argentina should have succeeded decades ago.
Jan 17 2013: that is a myth. first off which form of socialism or capitalism are you talking about. I assume you are using WW2 and the cold war as example of why democratic capitalism is the superior form of government.
in point of fact that argument ignores about 90% of the reasons America and Anglo societies became predominant in the 20th century.
non-democratic forms of government have been assumed to be less effective than capitalism. If one takes Germany circa 1933 as an example, within 8 years with a nationalized government and at a serious population, resource, and production disadvantage Germany came within an inch of beating the US and the British Empire. If Japan had not jumped the gun the likelihood that we would have in fact defeated Germany is questionable. Same with the soviets. They started at a massive cultural and technological disadvantage which we knew and exploited to destroy their economy. Besides Soviet communism was about as much communism as Mitt Romney is a true free-market capitalist.
most of the wealth creation in the 20th century derived from technological advances by the militaries of a few countries all of which were substantially nationalized in military/industrial production and R&D at the time of the advances, so that whole nationalism/socialism/communism does not work is pure malarky. A rational examination of history actually shows that it works quite well to provide the foundation of a capitalist economy. without nationalized R&D there would be much less "wealth creation".
Greg Fox
Jan 19 2013: How many times must an experiment fail before you admit defeat? Communism, Socialism and good old Big Government programs do not work. Why? They all assume that everyone wants to work together for the greater good. And yes, people will say that is what they want. The problem is that is not what people do. They act in their own self-interest.
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If everyone is equally rewarded, then everyone will do the bare minimum. That is what happened in the United State back when the Pilgrims arrived. All the land was held in common and each family was to be given according to their need. They all nearly starved to death. They realized their mistake, divided up the land to each family, and went on to create the biggest economy on Earth.
This same story has been repeated countless times with more disastrous results. The Soviet Union's "Harvest of Sorrow" killed tens of millions. Communist China's "Great Leap Forward" resulted in death of at least 50 million people. Many other counties has tried and failed. So what does the defenders of the grand socialist model say? They did try hard enough! What a load of nonsense.
Capitalism, with all its faults, works because it assumes people will act in their own self-interest. Free trade and market economies mean that it is a win-win solution for everyone. Ok, some will not do as well as others, but everyone – especially the poor -- is better off.
Jan 19 2013: A government which robs Peter to pay Paul, can always count on the support of Paul -- George Bernard ShawJan 23 2013: What makes you say that poverty is a normal condition of human beings? It's been a common characteristic ever since the emergence of civilizations, that is correct, but so used to be slavery, which was abolished in recent history. I have in faith in mankind. Although we may be self-interested, I do believe we all feel compassion for suffering people. This is not the case, for instance, when people are not treated justly. I've heard many people complaining that they're "tired of supporting lazy people with the taxes I pay (the poor who receive the Govt. subsidies, the majority of whom do not even seek for a job given this monetary help)". This could be different if every person could be treated equally. Nobody (except maybe the capitalist oligarchy) would mind helping the needy if they did all the things they do (work, pay taxes, etc.).
Just because there is no clear solution to poverty at the moment, it doesn't mean we have to accept the Status Quo. Even though socialism and communism have indeed failed, as you say, capitalism is obviously not the way to go in the future. We have to find something better, I'm sure we can.
Mike Colera
Jan 18 2013: In every country there is poverty. Governments can not cure poverty. If they could, it would have been done long ago. They can cause poverty, they can maintain people in a level of poverty as to provide political support as you have noted.
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People are impoverished because they do not know to create wealth or they are prevented by outside forces. Capitalism is the easiest way for an individual to create wealth. He does this by taking his stuff transforming it to something that others want and exchanging it for what he needs. He gains wealth through his efforts. It's really simple. The problem is that most people in poverty have lost the desire to escape, they live in despair and I know of no answer to that problem.
Daryl Roche
Jan 3 2013: In the current economic model shared by the vast majority of the globe, the human quotient, people, have relatively no value. Why?…In capitalism that which is rare has value, and people are not rare. In a "tribe" there is no poverty,everyone has a job to do and everyone works for the group, which translates to everyones needs being met; in a city however, you have ten people and five apples..…Absolute Poverty is not based on dollar amounts, it's based on allocation of resources. This planet is capable of providing the basic needs of every human on it and more, so NOT making available those resources to everyone is a choice made by those who "own" those resources. The people in poverty live outside a system which considers them to be common, valueless, yet, are taught to believe that same system will provide for them if they work hard enough, are lucky enough, or smart enough...
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So the in addition to education, population reduction needs to be established and redistribution of population, as concentrating populations in smaller and smaller areas is also a major factor in creating poverty and conditions which make said populations vulnerable to fluctuations in resource allocation models that are often outside our control....Ofcourse the first question from the established power structure is, "Who is going to pay for it?". The answer is everyone. Do we "need" a new stadium?…Do we "need" a tax cut?…Do we "need" a bigger military?…Do we "need" an individual with a billion dollars in their bank account?…It shouldn't be our governments we look to change first, it is our own individual perspective of ourselves and our place and purpose, here and now that must change first.
And though contemporary definitions point to economic parameters and "prejudices" to describe them, the First, Second, and Third Worlds actually refer respectively to NATO Allied, Soviet Allied and Neutral countries during the cold war era… Them vs Us...Perhaps our language should change first.
Frank Barry
Jan 14 2013: Governments, all of them, are evil.
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The idea of Government is fine. The application is terrible.
Governments are "property" driven. They control areas.
United States citizens cannot and do not control their Government.
It has morphed into a 2 party system. Both parties taking turns
having a majority that govern.
Elections are bought and paid for, using monies reaped by solicitation
of party members, major corporations, and unions.
Political Advertisements are churned out by a corrupt media.
Until citizens become convinced only 2 candidates are viable.
There is no way any other candidate for high office can get
a message to the citizens who vote. Except of course with
a soap-box in the park.
Democracy is chanted world-wide by media. Government just
keeps making WARS and Weapons. Peace is a word seldom spoken.
Freedom is a word never spoken. Erosion of citizen rights in this century
foretell of a broken society.
Hunger and starving peoples in far away lands are ignored.
A fleeting glimpse in a news article, then forgotten.
Promised Foreign Aid has too many strings attached.
Monies and foodstuffs seldom get to where they are needed.
All Governments are evil.
Jan 16 2013: Frank, although I agree that every Government has its own share of corruption (Sometimes in a really high level), I don't agree with what you say about Democracy.
Fundamentally, I believe Democracy is the best form of Government we can hope for. Why? Because each individual is equal in relation to politics. Everyone can vote and choose a person to represent them, and anyone (theoretically) can aspire to lead the country. Of course it has its faults (Corruption, Unrepresented minorities, etc.) but for now, it's the best humanity could come up with. You say "citizens cannot and do not control their Government", but how do you think they could control it?
I have to admit some democracies around the world are missing transparency, but still, we can't get any better than that. It's really difficult to make everyone feel represented in a democracy,
I know it's not perfect, but we'll have to live with it, at least for now.
Jan 17 2013: Matias Haro,
I do not know the answer as to how citizens can control their Government.
But, I do know that each political party (Democrat and Republican) pay enormous sums
to media before, during, and after political campaigns.
Like snuffing out a candle, voters are blinded, and never give it a second thought.
24/7/365 Voters are entertained by media, in a grand design. Up to and including election day.
all expenses are paid by contributors to one or the other of the two parties. Solicited funds,
from registered voters, major Corporations, and Unions, pay for the Media Circus.
Choices for voters are simplified. A choice of Incumbent, or a Republican, or Democrat replacement.
Occasionally an Independent is elected, but usually if researched, he or she has ties to
one of the two parties.
Mid Term replacements are appointed by each State's Republican or Democrat Governor until elections can be held.
The "Media Circus" continues from election day to election day. Non-stop for two and four
year periods.
No one who is not a member to either party, has any 'standing' with voters,
nor any road-map to find supportive voters. Media control is absolute.
It all boils down to a soap-box in the park...
The media excludes mavericks, they point fingers at them and make fun of them.
England uses the same tactics, and has for years. It works.
In almost exactly 100 years the United States has gone from prosperity to bankruptcy.
I hope you have understood my point.
I do not know the answer.
I know only that we need one.
I could go on, but I have had my full of disgust.
David Burns
Jan 9 2013: I believe that it is in fact possible to have very little poverty in a Capitalistic economy. And the way I see it happening is by changing everyones individual perspective on their own capabilities of obtaining money. Not by a President or leader altering various taxes and government spending policies. But by altering the psychologies of individuals to be more equipped and structured to not fall gullible to the only solution of being solely dependent on Government aid. But by no means am I saying that we should cut those policies, because they do provide a service of helping people who unexpectedly fall victim to inconvenient circumstances such as being fired or laid off of work.
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Along with a few others who have posted, the only way I see this happening is by altering our current educational systems. By educating our generations, present, and future ones to be individuals to follow their dreams and have self worth and not allowing them to limit themselves on obtaining those dreams solely on their financial standings and the thought of a linear path to money, I feel we will see a shift of people's perspectives on what poverty really is in a radical way.
I find this saying to be true, "Your best weapon is an educated mind."
If we could have a mass collection of individuals whom are more educated enough to know their self worth and instill enough courage in them to pursue that self worth while giving them enough psychological armor to not be brought down by the opinions of others, we could easily eliminate poverty.
But education does not come only from a "school", we receive some form of education everyday. And when we're in our early adolescent stages we don't think to question the education that we receive and everything we perceive in these stages forms our beliefs later on. So being raised in a heathy psychological environment that instills the beliefs of not putting yourself above others while maintaining a balance of individualism and community is vital.Jan 29 2013: I would suggest you read a book titled, Poor Economics by Abhijit V. Banerjee and Esther Duflos. To get an idea of what is being done in the world to help reduce poverty.
This is a complex question with multiple compounding causes. There is no simple solution here and what works for one country may still fail in another country.
Jan 30 2013: I should check that one out!
Adding it to my list of Must-Read books! :)
Jan 31 2013: Nice, its a good read, from that book I learned what is currently being done to combat poverty, and that many of the old believes and practices employed to tackle is this issue is actually ineffectual. The authors go to lengths to demonstrate why and how the current approaches fail.
Frank Barry
Jan 29 2013: Capitalism -- Bah. Humbug.
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I find it incredible that people want to believe in a system of commerce
that is so bad that it actually causes poverty instead of ending it. .
I'm not writing about Mom and Pop businesses in small communities. They work.
I am writing about Corporations grown world-wide and completely uncontrolled.
I am writing about Corporations with Limited Liability Protection from the Laws.
They operate above the laws that regulate every business owner & private citizen.
Poverty cannot be erased unless Governments can eliminate Limited Liability Laws.
That is the problem.
Frank Barry
Jan 26 2013: Poverty is a worldwide fear for most people in the world.
- +2
Few men or women wake in the morning with a desire to rush to work
because they want to continue their achievements of yesterday.
I know, I've been in both situations.
I learned to control both situations and decided that continual achievement
far surpassed fear or rolling over and going back to sleep.
As a daily test, I would leave the house with $20 in my pocket on Monday
and vow to have $1000 on Friday. My average was over $800 for the 5 days.
this was my net. After all expenses.
Separate from the test; I've had 21 businesses. "OPM" (Other People's Money)
worked best to get started.
There was a recession in the 1970's, I only vaguely knew about it. It was
when the women started taking Jobs, and the Freeways became busy at 5am.
I recall Tacos, at the 'you know where', were 20 cents each, and on Thursdays
10 for a Dollar. Harsh times that motivated both parents to find employment.
I love those Tacos.
During that recession I founded a company and had 34 women employees with
only 4 men. In 20 months I sold and retired when 39 years old . I've had at least
6 businesses since, maybe more. Too many stories, so little time.
Poverty is a state of mind. It is real. But, an individual can put himself or herself
into another state of mind that is not Poverty Stricken.
Because your situation befuddles you, is not an excuse. Look at what tools you have
and change your situation into something better. It doesn't take 24 hours.
It does require Courage, and Faith in yourself.
I will give you these 2 explanations: Use them. Use them with Honor and do well.
1. Courage: Means to be afraid to do something, but, to go ahead and do it.
2. Faith: Means a belief in myself that cannot be changed by contrary evidence.
I wanted to hit the "Submit" button but need tell you one more thing.
3. Get your butt out of bed at 4:30am.
nuff said.
Jan 28 2013: What is are current understanding of what work is as far as physics goes?
Jan 28 2013: Casey,
At age 10, My paper-route required me to be up at 5am, 7 days a week.
2 hrs to deliver papers. School days, returned home and slept until school started.
At age 11, A shoe-shine job inside a barber-shop after school and all day on weekends.
At age 12, A job moving boulders and brush from the end of a runway at the local airfield.
I drove a 1939 Willys car with a trailer-cart behind to carry the boulders and brush to the edge
of an arroyo, where I dump them. Only a summer job.
At age 13, after school, I worked at a ceramic dish manufacturing company packaging and shipping orders. The job ended one evening when the two-wheeled dolly with 7 crates of
ceramic dishes aboard, hit a piece of ceramic while going down a ramp. The dolly stopped,
and as I watched in horror, every crate flew through the air to crash and destroy the dishes,
My employment was terminated. My pay was docked for the losses.
That was not the worst part of my day.
I had an appointment in a park that evening. 2 school boys, who later became my chums, had promised to kick my butt and I was forced by youthful honor to meet and fight them both. The smaller of the 2 was my height but outweighed me by 30 pounds. The larger boy was huge.
You can imagine my terror as I walked those 8 city blocks, alone, to the park.
I picked my first opponent, the huge taller boy, named Daryle 'Allred'.
Grabbing his right arm, I jumped into the air and hit him several times until he quit.
The other boy left quickly by himself.
2 friends who had come to cheer, or collect my body, were cheering.
Thereafter we all called Daryle, Daryle 'All Red' Black and Blue.
Not such a bad day after-all...
Work is hard, sweaty, and little appreciated in most cases.
We work to "get ahead".
Unless we do, we are nothing.
Sorry, I got off our topic.
Feb 1 2013: If zero distance traveled no work would exist, but we can't reach zero. Check out my ted conversation. Us simply measuring zero=nothing=no thing would be us observing it; Heisenberg principle. As far as our current physic say everything is work and will always be work. But that doesn't mean we should have slavery of any kind. And yes you are a slave to your wage and debt. You're a slave to the money you make and the debt it creates. But this is fine because we wouldn't have gotten as much accomplished as we have if it wasn't for our current system. This is a hard reality to admit but in a way we needed slavery. Not any more
Basically I believe I have come up with the flip to capitalism, even in a not pure capitalistic society that we live in today. Currently it's more of a socialist-capitalist system where the government gives handouts to company's who for some reason people (flesh n blood) people think the company is a person. However I think this has something to do with how Lincoln freed the property the best way he could.
Capitalism creates poverty because someone has to make less so others can make more.
Inspired by Bill Gates and Warren Buffet and their kids donating their kid's inheritance to charity I will make less so others can make more. I will not worry about trying to personally make a billion dollars to try and be number one, or king of the money pile. Instead I will automate my employee's jobs while still paying them their salary. I think I might be able to get other people to join my cause. What do you thinkJan 17 2013: I concur with Greg Fox. THAT is the true question. The first thing is to create opportunities for unskilled labor, so anybody can work. Once the basic needs of food, shelter and clothing are met and the standard of living starts to rise, the people will then get interested in higher education and continue to the path of better prosperity.Jan 13 2013: Poverty is a moving target. It's relative, not absolute. If someone is starving, their caloric need can be calculated and adjusted. Poverty, however, exists only in relationship to wealth. Many who live in poverty today still live richer lives than royalty of a few hundred years ago. Consequently, poverty is also more of a zero sum game than hunger. No one is hungry simply because someone else is eating. But, someone is poor if someone else is rich. Eradicating poverty assumes equally distributed ambition to escape poverty. Lacking this, you wind up with economic parasites who feed off the body politic. I think eliminating poverty is unrealistic for these and other reasons. I believe that focusing on equality of opportunity is much more likely to enhance our general well being. Poverty is not the real problem. The lack of opportunities to escape it is.
Jan 15 2013: David,
Poverty is the real problem.
The lack of opportunities to escape it is the responsibility of Government.
And it follows that All Governments are Evil.
When the US Congress develop a plan of Commerce they included Corporations.
And as a Carrot on a Stick to keep Corporations within the borders, Congress
added Limited Liability Laws.
The effect was a "Get out of Jail Card" for Corporate Boards and Executives.
The Corruption was complete.
Other nations, DAILY offer US Corporations the same and better deals
to move their successful businesses to those other nations shores.
And it follows that All Governments are Evil.Jan 11 2013: I would also encourage you to look at highlights from the upcoming book on Urban Poverty in the Global South by Diana Mitlin and David Satterthwaite - They point out the issues around simply defining poverty and the impact these definitions can have on solutions. http://urb.im/blog/upgsJan 11 2013: There are some very interesting conversations related to this topic on Striking Poverty http://strikingpoverty.worldbank.org In particular, the current conversation is looking at Slums and Service Delivery to the Urban Poor. Much of the discussion so far has explored innovative private-public partnerships and the role of government in conjunction/consultation with NGOs and community groups. I would encourage you to also pose your question in this discussion.
Related, an earlier discussion on transparency/accountability in large mineral and oil contracts focused on role of governments. One of the panelists (from Revenue Watch Institute) shared training and tools for governments on how to share contracts with their citizens and promote community oversight. Take a look here if you are interested: https://strikingpoverty.worldbank.org/c121031
URB.im http://urb.im has some conversations that touch on this topic as well. The conversation on addressing electricity needs of the urban poor brings up the role of government in various ways: enforcing compliance with environmental laws in Nairobi (http://urb.im/#quicktabs-qt130107=5) and in Mexico - examining the complex regulatory barriers the government puts up that may contribute to energy "retailers" going outside the legal routes http://urb.im/#quicktabs-qt130107=2 and in Rio they are looking at incentives to encourage people to "become legal". URB.im looks at urban poverty alleviation strategies and many of the ideas shared by the different city hubs showcase various roles for government in addressing poverty.
Jan 12 2013: Thank you Jill for pointing out these sites!
It makes me happy to see how people are concerned about these issues.
It's great the Urb.im team is focusing on finding ways to make energy available to all the citizens: Unavailability of electricity is a consequence of poverty which is not easy to get over, especially considering that alternative forms of energy need to be found urgently.
I had no idea about that book coming out. It sounds unbelievably interesting, from what I read on the website. Do you know if it is going to have a worldwide release, or is it just coming out this January 25th in USA?
By the way, given that we were talking about books, I was wondering if anyone here has read "The End of Poverty" by Jeffrey Sachs (http://www.amazon.com/End-Poverty-Economic-Possibilities-Time/dp/0143036580) and could tell us whether his ideas are worth reading the book.
Jan 13 2013: I will ask the authors of Urban Poverty in the Global South - However, the e-book appears to be available globally but I am not sure:
Jan 16 2013: It would be great if the book were available globally!
Please tell me if you find out. :) Thanks!
Tom Preusser
Jan 9 2013: Many of you have said that education is the key in the long run to solving poverty and I agree. I am not an educator but know that early intervention at a very early age is most important. In developed countries this usually means smaller class sizes and extra help for young students. In less developed countries creative solutions are required since education infrastructure is probably lacking - for example I recently read that in a remote region in Kenya with no teacher available, the young kids were given inexpensive tablet computers with good learning software, and proceded in small collaborative unsupervised groups to teach themselves language skills.
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To education I would add some sort of values and "life skills" education to counteract some of the poor family environments younger kids might come from. I am not sure how to do this best but non government charitable organizations might come into play.
Governments can help with all of this by setting up good education programs. As far as capitalism goes the most benefit probably comes from tycoons who have already made their billions and set up foundations to do good - such as Bill Gates.
Jan 15 2013: Government is great at 8 things only. Secrecy, Propaganda, Begging Money for Political Gain, Borrowing Money to Make WAR, Borrowing Money to Pay Welfare Benefits, Borrowing Money to pay Interest on Borrowed Money, and Collecting Taxes.
Government is worst at these 7 things, and many others. Open Government, Honesty, Integrity, Constitutional Checks and Balances, Campaign Promises, Staying within a Budget, and the
Regulation of Commerce.Jan 7 2013: Re: "What still baffles me is the fact that although the Government gives away money to those with reduced incomes, poverty is as bad as always."
Great point. It often seems to me that it is an illusion to think that government can "fix" economy. Poverty is of the spirit. First and foremost, it's inside our heads. Take indigenous people in the Amazon forests. Do they live in poverty? WE would think so. But do THEY think so? Compare the definitions of "rich" and "poor" in U.S. and in an Amazon Indian tribe.
Perhaps, a better question is "how to end human suffering?"
Jan 9 2013: Interesting point. But the thing is, these indigenous people are not part of society, they don't belong to Capitalism. They can satisfy their basic needs, can't they? Maybe they don't have proper health care, but they have enough to survive.
While the Poor of our societies do not even have the chance to satisfy their basic needs. And that's sad. They don't need BMWs, Porsches, or a house in Beverly Hills... they need to be able to live in good condition, that's all.
Jan 9 2013: The definition of "basic needs" varies from society to society. It also changes over time in the same society, even in the same family. Who considered a cell phone or Internet service to be a "basic need" 20 years ago?
Doesn't it baffle you that indigenous people in Amazon jungle, as you say, can satisfy their basic needs and have enough to survive, and people in modern societies don't?
Jan 9 2013: But I'm not considering cell phone or Internet service to be a basic need. I feel like that's a "secondary need" (It's important to be computer literate these days to get a job), but some organisations are regarding it as a basic need, as you say.
It does baffle me that some people in our societies don't have enough to survive. I'm obviously not talking about the WHOLE of society (quality of life has improved, on average) but a small sector of society that still can't live on good condition. And economic growth has a limit. It would be wrong to say, since the economy is expanding and GDP per Capita is going up in the long run, that eventually we're going to be better off! That might be possible, but in expense of other being worse! And I'm not just talking about a First World country... do you really think that some African or Latin American countries can just eradicate poverty when their economies are just based on exporting natural resources?Jan 9 2013: Again, I see economic growth as a spiritual issue. There is such thing as "spirit of the nation" - the idea that unites the people. E.g., freedom, democracy, and individual rights is such an idea in the U.S. It makes people enthusiastic and proud of their country. I grew up in Soviet Ukraine. Soviet propaganda created enthusiasm around the idea of communism. Media maintained a positive image of the country. Negative domestic news were downplayed or suppressed. Achievements were announced on every corner. This artificially inflated enthusiasm and stimulated the economy. Soviet Union "broke Hitler's back bone", developed nuclear technology, launched Sputnik, and the first man into orbit. People had access to free college education, free medical care, etc.
Ukraine has resources for a first-class European economy. It's as big as France and almost twice larger than Germany. Best soils in Europe. Huge resources of coal, iron, oil. Access to Black sea - huge asset for trade, navy, and tourism. Strategic location for gas and oil pipe lines from Russia to Europe. Soviet Ukraine produced steel, automobiles, buses, tractors, trucks, tanks, airplanes, TV sets, etc.
Since the collapse of the Soviet Union, people took pride of "independence". But the spiritual slavery remained. Politically, Ukraine never acted as an independent country. All post-soviet history, the government fractions were fighting over whether Ukraine should suck up to Russia or to the West. I do not understand why. Why being a truly independent European country was never an option? There is no national pride as far as I know from talking to my friends and relatives. Corrupt politicians are selling immense natural resources for personal profit. It's the same inferiority complex that prevents individuals from success. It works the same way at the national level. It's a spiritual issue, in my opinion.Jan 9 2013: Now, consider the U.S. economy. Financial crisis seems to be over. Interest rates are historically low. People are there. Resources are there. Corporations have slimmed down and accumulated a lot of cash. Why is there unemployment? Because companies don't hire people. They fear economic instability, fiscal cliff, changes in tax policies, European crisis. Negative news are all over the media. But why economic news are negative? Because people don't have money to spend. Corporations do not pay, some companies have not raised salaries for years and laid off a lot of people. Isn't that a "catch 22" problem.
It may be possible to jump-start the economy "Soviet style" - by suppressing negative news in the media and creating a perception of bright economic prospects. Government censorship or publishing deliberate lies don't seem to be a good idea, but, perhaps, the media could simply shift focus from problems and disasters to progress, achievements, and opportunities. Changing the public mindset is all that it would take. Economic demand is still there - people still need places to live, food to eat, and cars to get from place to place. There is no need to mint trillion-dollar coins or waste public money on subsidies. Just let go of "needless worry and undue anxiety" (that's what they routinely pray for in Catholic churches). Again, it's a spiritual issue.
Jan 10 2013: What you're saying reminded me of sth I read in an Economics textbook:
"In December 1975 the Government of Portugal — a provisional government in the process of establishing a democracy—feared that it was facing an economic crisis. Business owners, alarmed by the rise of leftist political parties. issued dire warnings about plunging production. Newspapers speculated that the economy had shrunk 10-15% since the 1974 revolution that had overthrown the country's longstanding dictatorship. In the face of these reports of economic collapse, some Portuguese were pronouncing democracy itself a failure. Others declared that capitalism was the culprit, demanding that the government seize control of the nation's factories and force them to produce more. But how bad was the situation, really? To answer this question, Portugal's top monetary official invited his old friend Richard Eckaus, an economist at the Massachusetts lnstitute of Technology, and two other MIT economists to look at the country's national accounts, the set of data collected on the country's economic activity. The visiting experts had to engage in a lot of educated guesswork: Portugal's economic data collection had always been somewhat incomplete, and it had been further disrupted by political upheavals. For example, the country's statisticians normally tracked construction with data on the sales of structural steel and concrete. But in the somewhat chaotic situation of 1975, these indicators were moving in opposite directions because many builders were ignoring the construction regulations and using very little steel. Still, they went to work with the available data, & within a week they were able to make a rough estimate: aggregate output had declined only 3% from 1974 to 1975. The economy had indeed suffered a serious setback, but its decline was much less drastic than the calamity being portrayed in the newspapers. (While later revisions pushed the decline up to 4.5%, that was still much less than fearedJan 10 2013: That is from a Macroeconomics textbook by Paul Krugman. So yes, you do have a point that media and public perception of the economy affects the overall result of the economy. But even if this information was not expressed the same way, I guess the economy would still be slave to these "I'm going to stop consuming/investing because worse times are coming", since its in the human nature to "save for the rainy day" even if the cause underlying this was not clear.Jan 10 2013: Re: "its in the human nature to "save for the rainy day" even if the cause underlying this was not clear."
If that were the case, the governments wouldn't be dealing with trillion-dollar debts and the social security programs would be unnecessary.
Re: "I'm going to stop consuming/investing because worse times are coming."
Sounds like a self-fulfilling prophecy. What does seem to be in the nature of social species is to pick up each others emotions spreading them exponentially. Perhaps, it serves for survival when one frightened animal causes the whole herd to flee. It's easy to explain how this behavior evolved: it's better to flee when there is no predator around than not to flee when there is one. It also seems to be the basis of empathy.
But on the other hand, this behavior often does a disservice causing panic, for example, or economic downturns as we are discussing.
If you read Matthew 6, it seems to offer a solid advice for economic prosperity and a recipe for happiness at the same time: 1) give to the needy - from your heart, not to appear righteous, not for tax returns or public approval; 2) never ask for more than "daily bread" (basic necessities for today); 3) forgive debts; 4) resist temptation (for this we need a solid understanding of what constitutes "our daily bread" as we discussed above); 5) limit consumption (fasting) - not to appear righteous, but for your own sake - to develop will power to resist temptation and make it easier to help those truly in need; 5) invest in people, not things; 6) do not worry for tomorrow - let go of fears. That's my secular interpretation. Don't you agree?
I hope, I don't sound too moralistic...
Jan 11 2013: Let's see. I didn't say that "saving for the rainy day" meant that we'd survive these "rainy days". Sometimes it cannot be predicted. Other times it is not enough to avoid "catastrophe".
Social security programs actually serve for this purpose. You are ensuring that in the future you'll have enough to get by, by putting money in today.
Interesting case about Governments. In my opinion, these actually work the other way around, since they serve short-term purposes for the politicians (not losing political votes and to come through their term of office), so getting in debt even when things are going relatively well is not a bad thing to do.
I think you are right maybe it's not that people are just "prudent" but that they rather behave "irrationally", as you said, just like a herd would do when one of them reacts at something.
I didn't know about what Matthew 6 said (I've never read the Bible to be honest). While it does seem like a good "moral path" to follow, I guess it's impossible for everyone to follow it. Heck, I don't think ANYONE follows number 2 and number 4... not in our capitalist society.
That's just my humble opinion on this matter. Feel free to give me your own opinions :)
Ben Jarvis
Jan 5 2013: it's a brilliant question and i think you hit one of the problems. giving money directly to the poor only makes them dependent as you've noted, and really it's just a lazy way to govern. what you do notice throughout the world, and particularly in comparisons of regions within countries (such as india, which is a good one) is that poverty naturally declines in proportion to education. this means that governments should indeed spend the money, but on providing free education rather than directly to families. this will in turn ensure they have better skills to bring to the workplace. the system needs to be carefully watched though, to ensure schools remain neutral which allows students to get ahead on merit alone, rather than by buying a house near a better school happens in the USA and the UK, giving an unfair advantage to the rich.
- +2
next then is protecting employment. here in japan employment is actually mandated by law - is your company makes X amount of money then you must employ Y number of people - and this is the reason that japan is the world's 4th biggest economy despite having close to 0 natural resources. capitalists might be quick to scoff that it's throwing away money if you have to hire 3 people when 2 will do, but this is an overly simplistic view because the same law also ensures that every business has more customers than it otherwise would. that extra person the law forces every company to employ is making a wage which they spend back into the economy. the rich don't create jobs, customers do!
Jan 7 2013: Spot on. Education needs to be accesible to everyone! Though what you mentioned about merit is another debate. I mean, what do you do with those students who are not interested in studying? Here, for example, if the educational system wouldn't be so flexible, then many kids would've dropped out of school because of continuous bad grades and inabilty to pass the school year. But on the other hand, since we are too flexible, most children don't receive the best education and can get away with finishing school without having learnt much.
You mentioned an interesting fact about Japan. I didn't know that! That would be a good model to follow in the rest of the world. Finding a balance between Employment and Education is key for a stable economy. Even if we had the whole of society educated, if companies are not established in the country AND seeking employees, then improving education would be worth nothing.
But at the same time, it's impossible to have "0" unemployment, right? I've heard that having full employment would produce inflation, and the upper classes wouldn't like that. That's why there is maybe no solution under this system... I don't know, it leaves a lot to think about.
Jan 7 2013: sorry i didn't mean such a narrow definition of merit. i don't mean that we should all study the same things, i mean that a child who is very good at math (for example) should be able to go to one of the top math schools, and not miss out on having his potential realised because rich parents already bought in to all the places. grades and only grades, not where you live or what school you previously went to or whether you can afford the fees, should apply. actually that's one of the problems with education here in japan, universities have reserved places for students from select high schools, so it doesn't matter how terrible your final scores are, as long as you went to that school you can get into that university.
0 unemployemnt is not attainable really, since it takes time for employees to find the right job and employers to find the right employee. if everyone had a job, and you wanted to expand your business, there'd be nobody to hire! what we do have to be careful of those is long-term unemployment. if people are not becoming employed even after trying for over 6 months, then it could be one of 2 problems, either the job-seeker is being too picky - the dream job they want just doesn't exist - or employers are being too picky - they want a brilliant employee but won't offer the salary that such a person would deserve.
Jan 7 2013: I see what you mean. I certainly didn't know either about how in Japan students can reserve places at university just because of the school they go to! That is outrageous! I don't think that happens anywhere else (at least not in my country) but private universities are a challenge for those from lower-income families. Here in Argentina, luckily, we have quality public universities. But places like Chile, where you can't access higher education if you don't have the means, is just unacceptable. Same for USA: the fact that parents have to begin saving money for their kids almost since they are born is just crazy for me! Scholarships help to diminish this problem, but it's still not at all fair. Why do your grades need to be splendid to get a scholarship and go to University, while others can have had average grades in high school but they can easily get into it by $$? That should not be happening in the 21st Century!
Regarding 0 unemployment, you are totally right that it is unattainable for those reasons. Also, people would emigrate to that country on behalf of promising job opportunities. It is quite impossible to achieve full employment!
Don Anderson
Jan 3 2013: "Society is produced by our wants, and government by wickedness; the former promotes our happiness positively by uniting our affections, the latter negatively by restraining our vices"
- +2
― Thomas Paine, Common Sense
"Ending poverty is a want and thus it is society that will end poverty, government is just in society's way."
- Don, TED Forum ;)
Jan 4 2013: I see your point, and I agree we have to stand up for our wants. But what would we tell the Government to do? We can't expect it to do magic, right?
Jan 4 2013: LOL Yep we can't expect it to do magic, in fact I say the only magic governments seem to know is how to make money disappear.
Like Thomas Paine was say government should only restrain our vices and in this case that would be a few peoples' desire to take advantage of those in need.
Society/majority of people has natural desire to help those in need and the government acting as a middle man is often the cause of poverty. So government needs to stop taking money from society to ineffectively stop poverty and let society keep the money so it can effectively end poverty.Jan 4 2013: they could show us a cool disappearing trickJan 3 2013: For a moment I almost thought you were painting a picture of India. Our political class is failing and falling. Poverty alleviation is the last on their agenda if at all. In my view education is the only long-term solution but I doubt any reforms are likely at least in our lifetimes.
Armistral .
Jan 3 2013: I am convinced that governments will never be able to solve the problem of poverty, the people of the earth need to do it on their own initiative and without leadership from government leaders (elected or otherwise).
- +2
Something along these lines is what is needed IMHO:
John Smith
Jan 3 2013: Some countries already have eliminated poverty and without cheating too. Countries like Sweden and Denmark. I do not see why an initiative of the people should be separate from the state. Welfare states are the direct result of popular initiatives carried out through democratic means.
- +1
Jan 3 2013: So the populous voted for the government to pay for their lives? What does that say about the populous? "I vote that you pay for my life, and in return, the value of my productivity will be less than I cost." Something doesn't add up there.
John Smith
Jan 3 2013: "I vote that you pay for my life, and in return, the value of my productivity will be less than I cost."
- +2
Lol, if that were true no business in Sweden or Denmark would be profitable, yet they are among the richest countries in the world... Their people used to be exploited before the 1950s and now they're exploited no longer. Now they get a fair share of their own productivity.
When you take back what is rightfully yours it's not stealing.Jan 4 2013: Hmm.. this was what I was looking for! Interesting to know other possible ideas.
But do you think it's possible to change the world like this? It sounds kinda Utopian to be honest. Does any organisation already back up this idea? Is it starting to mix in the political world?
I think Humanitarian Political Parties should stand up for this. But they don't, from what I know.Jan 2 2013: A solution to Corruption would enable the revenue needed to fund solutions for poverty. If all governments take a serious stance against the earnings genererated while in office by the politicians, leaders and their respective famalies they would realize enormous amount of wealth being stolen off government contracts and by offering political favors.
India, Pakistan, Latin Americas, USA and several countires have the same going on all the time. Each politician should have a set income and all wealth assimilated by them and thier families should be accounted for while they are in office. All income and wealth that cannot be accounted for shoudl be seized and invested in programs to provide support, education, and industires that help the poor. The amount of politicians with millions, fi nto billions stashed away is a blatant indication of corruption in these countires. These are the moneis that are not being spent to develop the country, economy and poverty.
Even the wealthy individuals and corporations need to contribute to the country and solutions for poverty. Many do today but we need more participation. After all 100 million or 1 billion gets them enough for a generation or two. What about the other excesses and where does it sit locked up?Feb 1 2013: I feel the fundamental problem with global action is that the masses don't care, enough. Put the subject on the table & most people feel empathy for those in poverty... But these issues are always quickly forgotten as we all deal with our own individual lives. I feel most of these talks are as fruitless as the discussions 'people's front of judea' from 'the life of brian'.
Following, with each countries population mostly concerned about their own welfare & prosperity, their leaders/politicians will always make decisions that are going to get them re-elected. This means very little is spent on things that benefit others or long term goals in general. I really can't see this cycle changing for a very long time. We can't even get our leaders to save our planet from the uncertainty of climate change.
I think the keys to a comfortable & sustainable future for us all are cheap clean renewable energy & population caps. We need to remember we are animals. Like all other life forms on earth, from simplist single cell to the most complex organism, life has always been about reproduction. We have always fought for space & resources in order to thrive and spread. Are we smart enough as a species, to overcome our instincts? Or will our population keep snowballing until something inevitably goes dramatically wrong?
As for clean, cheap energy... The answers are coming. It's frustrating we aren't putting more effort into getting the technology sooner. But once we have it, each country living in poverty should have the ability to pick THEMSELVES up.
I think that scientists globally should suspend some areas of less important research & work on this one goal.
shawn disney
Feb 2 2013: Brilliant! You have figured it out. Al;though I would note that prosperity seems to automaticallly lead to birth control,, so energy is enough.You might be interested to learn tha scientists have ALREADY solved the energy problem, but politics and various other complications have so far interfered with carrying it outI'm referring to the secret Cold War development of a nuclear fission aircraft engine, called the Thorium Liquid Fueled Reactor.(LFTR) Perfect for civilian power, as it is failsafe and has a great many more virtues than the common Uranium LWR reactors , like the Fukushima type. LFTRS have no high pressures, steam, water, hydrogen explosions, or solid fuel rods.. In addition, they can safely burn up LWR long lived waste, using it as fuel. Their big drawback , and the real reason they were abandoned 40 years ago is that they do not make usable bomb material. Their inventor, Alvin Weinberg, thought that Uranium LWRs were completely unsuitable for civilian power, whereas Thorium LFTRs were exactly right. Look this up on Youtube, or read "Thorium : Energy Chealper than Coal", by robert Hargraves, if want to know more . Or website "energyfromthorium.com"Jan 24 2013: I dunno I am certain this young lad made many mistakes in his presentation however he did the best he could with what he had to work with at the time and I think ted.com should look him up and see what he has to say today about poverty in the world: I wonder if he ever made it to University ?
- +1
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UbACCGf6q-cJan 22 2013: Nelson Mandela said it best: "Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world." ...to educate and lift a person, whether they are rich or poor, creates within that person a desire, a need, to move towards more. Education awakens, in the midst of difficult challenges and circumstances, a person to the opportunity within the very difficulty that immobilised them prior to their increase in knowledge and understanding. And most of all, education brings with it a creation of self respect and dignity that most, if not all, people, once they have tasted it, do not want to lose.
My opinion, education is the answer...and their are strong cases throughout history and the world that support this.Jan 22 2013: I am selfish. I see poverty - extreme poverty - on a daily basis. Unfortunately I decided to become almost immune to the misery that I can witness with the naked eye. Poverty could be eradicated if humans really acted like a real family, but most people are like me. We learn to become blind to misery as long as it doesn't affect us directly.
Frank Barry
Jan 20 2013: I used to live in a nice house, a home I was proud of.
- +1
Suddenly, cancer, an operation, a business closed, and recovery of health started.
After 8 years I felt better, but my energy level was almost non-existent.
Walking 6 blocks to and from the market became too hard.
I moved to a small apartment in an apartment complex, situated within 2 blocks
of all my needs, the senior center for lunch, post office, library, bank, and market.
That is when I learned about people; poverty, welfare, alcohol and drug behavior.
In my early youth, we had 1 town drunk. He was shunned by all.
I watched once. He smelled bad and staggered down the street to his destination.
We had no drugs.
That came in the 1960's when, parents quit their responsibilities to govern their children.
I assumed, cows milk had been tainted by radioactive tests fallout, and nationwide,
parents and teenagers were afflicted. Society moved downhill, so I ignored it.
My life was full. I couldn't waste my time sitting or laying about drugged to the gills...
Now elderly, I watch the impoverished. They only work at taking. Taking welfare and charity.
There is little the government can do. Today they pay liars Welfare, just as if the liars were
truly needful. The better the lie, the bigger the monthly check.
Capitalism isn't the answer. Nor is the archaic Justice system.
But your question might get a usable answer or two...
We can only hope.
Jan 21 2013: Beautifully said.
John Gault
Jan 19 2013: What can government do to end poverty? Here are specific remedies. No theory, philosophy or political language. Just straight forward ideas.
- +1
1. Give every woman who does not have a child at the age of 21 a $15,000.00 dollar check.
2. Give every woman who does not have a child at the age of 25 a $25,000.00 dollar check.
3. Give every man & woman who graduates from college a $25,000.00 check.
4. Give every married couple a $10,000.00 check every year they remain married after 5 years.
5. Match with a 50% contribution in CASH the amount of savings a person or couple saves each year up to $50,000.00.
Ex. I save 50K, the government matches it with a 50K contribution.
6. Give every person or couple a 10k bonus every year they make more money than the minumum poverty level. Those who make more than 100K do not qualify.
Ex. The poverty level for a single male is 25K. If I make 25K or more (up to 100K), the government gives me a bonus of 10k.
7. Give every person or couple a 10K bonus for qualifying to purchase their first home.
---qualifications are: 30% down, no subsidies.
8. Give a 50K bonus to everyone who earns more money than the appropriate poverty level WHO WAS MAKING BELOW THE POVERTY LEVEL THE YEAR BEFORE.
9. Give a 5k bonus each year to each convict who is not convicted of a crime after being released from prison (Not Jail) the FIRST TIME.
1. Do not lend money for College.
2. Do not subsidize housing.
3. Eradicate SS
4. ANY product that is not made in the US that is imported, except raw materials, apply a 100% import tax, or higher of necessary, thus encouraging companies like wal mart, nike, etc..... to stay in America to produce their goods.
5. Bring ALL military in foreign countries back to the US.
Jan 19 2013: This will be a good start.Jan 19 2013: give ... give ... give ... phase out all welfare programs
Jan 29 2013: Krisztian, "...phase out all welfare programs"
Maybe instead; Tighten up the Programs.
Require annual Verifiable "Means" Tests from all applicants. Check them.
Have NON-Disabled beneficiaries of welfare limited to 2 years,
as California did. Impoverished young Mothers with babies, etc., and others..
A one time only opportunity for 2 years of aid.
Have Disabled beneficiaries re-examined each 2 years,
by "Vetted" Medical Doctors who are paid employees of the Government's
Social Security Disability Insurance Fund.
No subcontractor Doctors, which TODAY may be a big big problem.
"Vetting" of Medical Doctors to be accomplished every 5 years.
Making lazy people look after themselves might improve them all.Jan 19 2013: So, if all I did was have $50k in the bank, I would make $50k a year doing absolutely nothing.
Epic fail.
Jan 19 2013: Getting something for doing absolutely nothing is what we have right now. That is not my proposal.
If you were able to save 50K in one year, that would demonstrate the following:
1. You are Working --- making money.....You can't save what you don't earn.
2. You are Saving. --Putting somehting away for a rainy day, or an investment idea, or retirement. Similar to a 401K where the employer matches a percentage of what you put into the 401K, except you are completely in charge of the account....
For example, let's say someone makes 35K per year. Assume they can budget and put 10% of that into a savings account. That is 3.5K. The government matches that and now that individual (or couple) has 7K in Savings. Nice reward for working, planning and putting something aside.
Many people do something similar with their withholding so they receive a check at the end of the year from Uncle Sam.....But that does not equate into an incentive to save.
Jan 21 2013: Sounds to me like the only people that can benefit from this are those already making enough money to save. Maybe we should increase the minimum wage to make this feasible? Perhaps we can even have Bernie Madoff manage the investments?
Privatizing retirement with public funds is a bad idea. In the end, it is much simpler and more reliable to keep social security. There is far too much corruption on wall street to ever entrust it with the well being of our entire nation's elderly in their retirement.
Naturally, you may invest your OWN funds if you wish.
on a side note:
I recommend people take advantage of funds matching from an employer, but not because it is about savings, it is about maximizing earnings per hour. Of course, employers have already figured this out, and most don't like to match funds anymore.Jan 29 2013: If the world's leaders were to put together a forum
that would allow small groups of people to bring their problems to light,
and within 24 hours, through a full discussion, between the people and the forum,
find an acceptable solution, our world could be a better place.
Most Prophets of God seemed to work that way.
I suppose their ideas just never caught on.
The United Nations approach, while somewhat successful,
is just too unwieldy a vehicle. When they built the tall tall building,
they should have known.
Governments do love large buildings, short hours, and vestments
of power.
Politicians who occupy those large buildings despise the little people
that they consider beneath their exalted stature.
There in lies the rub....Jan 21 2013: "7. PHASE OUT ALL WELFARE PROGRAMS O"
One day, the wealthy are going to figure out that the poor outnumber them. Welfare is cheaper than the law enforcement costs that would be necessary without it. Really, the question is, how much do we value stability? Revolution doesn't typically favor those currently in power (and I'm not talking about our elected officials).
Sometimes, it's a good idea for the wealthy to throw down a few scraps from the table to keep the peace. Without it, they may just learn how hard that dog can bite.
Consider that for just a moment. Welfare may actually be the most cost effective solution.


text:
Sometimes lightning does strike twice. The first bolt that struck was the 572 cubic-inch big-block Jenkins/Smeding Performance engine that we ran a story on in our December '08 issue. Ready for a second helping of horsepower, legendary racer Bill "Grumpy" Jenkins and Ben Smeding have teamed up once again to build a street-friendly 406 small-block.
As was the case with the 748-horse 572 build, the signature 406 will be produced in a limited quantity. Each of these engines is fully balanced, blueprinted, and dyno tested before it leaves the shop. And those results come only after a series of dyno tests and parts swaps. Only when both men are satisfied will the 406 be built and produced.
Once again, we spent a couple of days up at Smeding Performance documenting the build and test runs of this big small-block.

subset: commoncrawl


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text: I own a few wwe and tna shirts and I do wear them in public fairly often. I've gotten a few looks and comments about being a wrestling fan but mostly its people staring at the hhh shirts not realizing the wording is in latin, or people asking what d.i.l.l.i.g.a.f. means


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09/01/04: Jello to speak at RNC protest event tonight!!!
08/06/04: Jello scheduled to appear on Air America on 8/9
Jello is scheduled to appear on the "Morning Sedition" radio show on Air America between 7-7:30am EDT. For more info and to stream the show, go to http://www.airamericaradio.com.
07/16/04: Jello's Statement about the DKs Lawsuit
I and Alternative Tentacles have thrown up our hands at getting any justice from the three ex-Dead Kennedys' greed-motivated lawsuits, and the shocking denial of our appeal. The court refused to hear any evidence of the many shady things they have done since the trial.
06/29/04: Jello's playlist from Ohio radio show!
Among many other things he's been doing, Jello was able to dj on Colombus, Ohio station WWCD101.1 FM while he was in town for the community-run festival COMFEST. He appeared on the The Independent Playground. Sunday nights from 10p-12a and Thursdays from 11p-1a. You can isten live at 101.1 FM or on-line. Featured were many unreleased songs from upcoming records, including the eagerly awaited Jello Biafra/Melvins release "Never Breathe What You Can't See"!
05/07/04: Listen to Jello on Air America tonight!
Jello will be a guest on Janeane Garofalo's Majority Report show on Air America, the new "libreal" radio network. He is scheduled to be on at 10pm EDT/7pm PDT. Listen to it here. (requires Real Player)
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text:
Moderators: Tonyblack, Jason, Toothy
michelanCello wrote:...so give or take one day doesn't change anything, does it?
(I'll stop now )
Who's Wee Dug wrote:michelanCello wrote:...so give or take one day doesn't change anything, does it?
(I'll stop now )
Thats means not enough time to get back home to offload the goodies and a some books I would like signed.
Jan Van Quirm wrote:Just heard back from Eelco re the guests - he's not able to let us know who they are until he's got them signed up, BUT he wants to recruit some QI Elves NOW to help at the Convention so he's sure that it'll all be achievable...
...so! If you're going to the Convention do you fancy volunteering to help with getting Discworld QI set up and running?!!!!!.
We have Chris Boote and Pat Harkin on board as the 'resident' panellist and quiz master respectively and we'll be keeping to the QI format more or less so the Elves are going to be the backroom peeps helping with setting the questions and other bits and pieces.
I've asked engineeringsimon if he'll help out with a suitably arranged Discworld QI theme tune so that's one bit sorted, but there's all kinds of other things to consider like General Ignorance and the panellists buzzers - stuff like that. Could be a lot of fun
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text:
Two people are talking about what tasks should be finished on time, and what tasks should be put off until later. The conversation was like below:
A: I don't think those tasks are important. We can put it off for a month. Let's focus on the remaining tasks, they are the most important!
B: Hang on. If we don't finish those tasks, some customers will not be satisfied with our software.
A: How many users?
B: Roughly 200 - 300.
A: 300? Who cares? It is less than 0.001% of all customers we have. Let's focus on 99% and we will deal with those 300 later.
The second situation is about culture — picking your nose.
A: Why are you picking your nose in public?
B: I have boogers in my nose.
A: You should go to a restroom and do whatever you want. It's socially unacceptable.
B: Who cares?
In these contexts, is saying "who cares" impolite or rude? Does it show your ignorance or bad behavior?
Is saying "who cares?" OK or commonly used in everyday conversation?


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cute little heart pins from the purl bee
leather knot bracelets
crayon hearts
paper heart garland
a valentines table topper patterned like this one
and some hand sewn valentine cards, i'll make those ones up myself. :)
Do you remember ages ago when we were in Rexburg & Logan borrowed some of your scrapbooking scissors to make my valentine of power...all these individually typed/printed/cut/folded pieces of papers telling me why I was fabulous??
He's used the EXACT same idea for the past 3 years now...except now they're just printed off on a plain sheet of computer paper. "Top 100 reasons why I love you". And it was the classic reasons 1-10 and then he skipped to 100. He set a pretty high standard that first year. I thought I was getting myself an amazingly romantic man. Little did I know it was all your idea! haha.
I should direct him to these links....what do you think? haha.
Really, I love this picture of valentine-ish decorations! Love love love it. We should hang out soon! k?
LOL. My husband hates it too. Maybe it is a guy thing. As long as I get my chocolate cover strawberries I am fine.
I have made a couple of those little felt heart pins for the purl bee and they are SO adorable. They are really quick and easy too. You might also look into the heart garland from Alicia Paulson's book Stitched in Time. It easy and cute too. We are usually simple around here for Valentines day, maybe just dinner or flowers and chocolates.
That table-topper is the cutest dang thing I've ever seen!


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Chenango County Courts
Surrogate Court
13 Eaton Ave.
Norwich, NY 13815
Telephone 607-337-1827 or 607-337-1822
Fax 646-963-6603
Hours of Operation
Monday through Friday
8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m.
(closed on State Holidays)
Matters returnable Monday and Fridays
(except holidays)
Judges' Chambers
Surrogate Court Judge
Hon. Frank B. Revoir
Associate Court Attorney
Thomas E. Kelly
Court Clerk's Office
Chief Clerk
Linda J. Wiley
The Surrogate's Court has jurisdiction over the affairs of decedents, including probate of wills, administration proceedings, voluntary administrations, ancillary proceedings, Judicial Settlements, discovery proceedings, accountings, compromise and settlement of wrongful death actions, inter vivos and testamentary trusts.
All visitors must pass through a
magnetometer upon entering the court facilities.


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See other Johannesburg properties
Rosebank Lodge
219 Jan Smuts Avenue, Rosebank, Johannesburg, South Africa, Distance from city centre: 6.8km
Real Reviews
Real reviews from fellow travellers
These are trusted reviews from guests who have actually stayed here. We hope you find them helpful.
Note: we only give a property a rating once it has received a minimum of 3 reviews.
- Page:1/1
- " Well situated, a 15 minute walk from the Gautrain station. Staff was very friendly. But the facilities listed are not true: no free breakfast and very expensive internet access. 2 bed dorms don't exist (although we reached a solution). Only one shower to be shared among all the dorms (or so I was told by the staff). Finally, dirty place. After having checked out, I returned to my room (where I was told to store my things) only to discover the cleaning lady straightening the alread used bedsheets "
- 31 Mar 2013 Anonymous Spain
- " We received a very warm welcoome from Karen. "
- 06 Feb 2013 SUSAN Zimbabwe
- " The shower turn on/off handle was broken and if one is not carefull could be scald by the very hot water. There was not enough cooking utensils to be used by guest in the lodge. No microwave to warm your food. The washer machine was not working either. "
- 07 Sep 2012 Shelia A.


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Personalized 16" Bar Necklace
Hand-stamped lettering enhances the simple, organic shape of our artisan-crafted necklace. Sterling silver nameplate comes with a sterling silver chain; bronze nameplate comes with a gold-filled chain.
- Made to order pieces are crafted of heirloom-quality sterling silver or bronze
- Available in 2 lengths: 16" (recommended for kids) and 18" (recommended for adults)
- Choose from sterling silver or bronze
- Beautifully presented and ready for gift giving
- Each letter is individually hand stamped for one-of-a-kind character; no two will be exactly alike
Personalized 16" Bar Necklace
- Chain: 16"L or 18"L
- Nameplate: approx. 1½"L x ½"W
Personalized 16" Bar Necklace
Celebrate someone special. Add an initial, name or date to personalize gifts, apparel, bedding, decorative accents and jewelry.
- Text set in right-aligned, uppercase sans serif font as shown
- Accommodates up to 10 characters max. (including spaces)
- Birthdates and special occasions are depicted as mm.dd.yy
- Monogrammed/Personalized items are considered custom order items and are non-cancellable, non-returnable and non-refundable
Personalized 16" Bar Necklace
Personalized 18" Bar Necklace


text:
Top Searches:
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Links: Australian Glass and the Pacific Northwest at Museum of Glass
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Drama, Animation, Family
The classic story of loyalty, trust, and sacrifice comes to life in this live-action adaptation. Fern is one of the only two living beings who sees that Wilbur is a special animal as she raises him, the runt of the litter, into a terrific and radiant pig. As Wilbur moves into a new barn, he begins a second profound friendship with the most unlikely of creatures -- a spider named Charlotte -- and their bond inspires the animals around them to come together as a family. When the word gets out that Wilbur's days are numbered, it seems that only a miracle will save his life. A determined Charlotte -- who sees miracles in the ordinary - spins words into her web in an effort to convince the farmer that Wilbur is "some pig" and worth saving.
Rated G .
Visit the official site
Cast: Oprah Winfrey, Julia Roberts, John Cleese, Steve Buscemi, Dakota Fanning
Produced by: Jordan Kerner
Directed by: Gary Winick
Written by: Susannah Grant, Karey Kirkpatrick, E.B. White
Running time: 1hr 53min
Opens: Dec 15, 2006 Nationwide


text:
So I am trying to extend my OneNote section headers space. Right now it's got tabs for all the different sections that I have opened but there are too many and they clump up, I am not ready to reorganize them but do need to see all the names. Is there any way to make it have two rows?
I have so many OneNote GUI questions, if you are a guru, please PM me.


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If Google is worried about Google Glass being too nerdy, they probably wouldn't be sending people rockin' the Glass into the heart of the most gloriously nerdy thing in the world, the Large Hadron Collider.
Fortunately, Google doesn't seem to care (nor should they) if their amazing little experiment gets a few knocks along the way. As a result, we get videos like this one.
More in source....


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Welcome to the TweakTown Forums.
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Events Calendar
Tech Talk - Technology Assistance
Monday, August 25, 2014, 02:00pm - 03:00pm
Tech Talk: Technology Assistance
2nd and 4th Mondays of the month from 2:00-3:00pm
Tech savvy youth from Sierra Madre Middle School will provide assistance with the operation of cell phones, tablets, and computers. Participants should bring the device with which they need assistance; however, two desktop computers are available at the Senior Center for general instruction. The class is free of charge, but registration is required by calling 626-355-7394.
Contact 626-355-7394
Location Hart Park House Senior Center
222 W. Sierra Madre Blvd.
Sierra Madre 91024
Sierra Madre 91024


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Springfield 21-year-old sold heroin from parents' home, police sayBy ERIC FRANCIS
CORRESPONDENT | November 26,2012ERIC FRANCIS PHOTO
Dylan Davis, 21, of Springfield was caught in three separate drug sting operations allegedly selling heroin right from his bedroom and from his bicycle around town.WHITE RIVER JUNCTION A 21-year-old Springfield man who allegedly sold heroin from his bedroom on the second floor of his parents house, with his customers reportedly greeting his parents on their way upstairs, is now facing multiple felony charges.
Dylan Davis pleaded innocent last week in White River Junction criminal court to three counts of selling heroin which together carry a maximum potential penalty of up to 35 years in prison if he is convicted.
Detectives said the Southeastern Vermont Drug Task Force began investigating Davis in May after a cooperating informant approached them saying that Davis, a 2009 Springfield High School graduate who did not have a car, was riding around town on his bicycle selling a variety of drugs.
In early May, a police surveillance team set up shop around the Davis residence a short distance from the Springfield dam and watched as the informant went inside and emerged a short time later with five bags of heroin stamped with street brand names McDonalds and 100% Off. The informant told detectives that they had gone into the home without knocking and said hello to Davis mother and father on the first floor before going upstairs to buy the bags of heroin from Davis and then leaving approximately four minutes later.
Detectives said two other stings against Davis were then conducted in downtown Springfield where Davis arrived as the passenger in a car driven by others. On those occasions, Davis allegedly sold the informant ten bags of heroin marked The Champ is Here in red ink and then 40 bags of heroin with the street name Reaper in blue ink printed on them.
Davis, who has prior violations of release conditions and a revocation of probation on his criminal record, was ordered to post $2,500 bail and not to leave Windsor County while his case is pending.MORE IN Southern VermontBENNINGTON — Ask author and Bennington College graduate Charlotte Silver if the title of... Full StoryPresident Calvin Coolidge was remembered in all sorts of ways Saturday on the 143rd anniversary... Full StoryPresident Calvin Coolidge was remembered in all sorts of ways Saturday on the 143rd anniversary... Full Story
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- RICHARD'S POOR ALMANACK: On this day 1739, 'Richard Palmer' identified in prison at York Castle as the notorious outlaw DICK TURPIN; IN 1836, Battle of the Alamo begins near San Antonio de Bexar, Texas; 1896, the Tootsie Roll invented by LEO HIRSCHFELD.
- RICHARD'S POOR ALMANACK: On this day in 1472, Orkney, Shetland islands put up as collateral by Norway to Scotland in lieu of dowry for MARGARET OF DENMARK on her marriage with JAMES III, king of Scotland; 1962, JOHN GLENN first American to orbit Earth.
- TOMORROW'S HEADLINES TODAY: City mayoral candidates debate campaign issues; Hartford, Conn., woman still missing; Neal Goswami reports attempts to legislate suicide; local woman loses 100 pounds through TOPS program.
- RICHARD'S POOR ALMANACK: On this day in 1878, JOHN TUNSTALL murdered near Lincoln, New Mexico, by the outlaw JESSE EVANS; in 1930, ELM FARM OLLIE first cow to fly in aircraft, first to be milked airborne; 1955, nuke test WASP; '79, snow in Sahara.
- TOMORROW'S HEADLINES TODAY: Rutland Herald News Editor Alan J. Keays and staff writer Gordon Dritschilo discuss stories planned for the February 18, 2015, edition of the newspaper: Winter budgets maxed, legal marijuana, Springfield bank job, USPS slowdown
- RICHARD'S POOR ALMANACK: On this day in 1249 AD, ANDRE of LONGJUMEAU is dispatched by LOUIS IX of France to meet the KHAGAN, ruler of the Mongol Empire; in 1804, during 1st Barbary War, STEPHEN DECATUR scuttles the pirate-held USS Philadelphia in Tripoli.


text:
Quick Links
Shop All Jewelry
NL10332 In Stock
You are sure to be dazzling with this Sterling Silver Algerian Love Knot necklace. This beautiful love knot pendant hangs mysteriously from a gorgeous 16 inch five strand chain. The Algerian love knot is a mysterious symbol of love, joy, wealth and health. This love knot necklace makes the perfect gift to yourself or for that special someone, and looks great when paired with the matching earrings, or any of our styles of sterling silver jewelry.
Eve's Addiction.com wants you to be a happy customer. We want you to be completely satisfied with the sterling silver jewelry that you receive from us, as we only sell high quality silver and cubic zirconia cz jewelry. We do understand that you may not like your purchase for some reason.
You may return or exchange your jewelry within 60 days of purchase if you are not satisfied with it. The jewelry must be returned in its original condition for a refund or exchange. Engraved, personalized, photo, monogram, name and initial, chocolate and clearance items are not returnable or exchangeable.


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The Bursers Decimal Point
Arch-Chancellor's Hat Beer
Hex's Peculiar Spell Ale
Dragon's Belch Ale.
Any good?
Moderators: Tonyblack, Jason, Toothy
Joolz wrote:Oook Ale
paul.kruzycki wrote:The Mad Collector wrote:There has already been a Winkles Old Peculiar made, I have a bottle of it There have been lots of Discworld beers and beer glasses as Ales By Mail have (or at least had) the rights to use the Discworld names on beers. Terry is very touchy about anyone else using his characters or any Discworld references on commercial products.
Sorry, Ales By Mail is my company . We have the rights and Terry has, of course, the final decision on the names used following this selection process.
BTW - if we use one of your suggestions, we'll send you some of the beer free and some other goodies too!
Users browsing this forum: Yahoo [Bot] and 9 guests


text:
Hearken back to the heyday of Sportsman racing, when a righteous, Roman Red '62 Vette fielded by Spencer and Knape Racing Enterprises consistently appeared in such titles as Super Stock & Drag Illustrated and the AHRA's Drag World. Undoubtedly one of the winningest cars in Sportsman-racing history, the Vette competed in the AHRA Grand American series from 1971 to 1984. Of 77 national event entries, the car netted 76 class wins, 15 eliminator wins, and 12 eliminator runner-ups. The Spencer and Knape team also set 12 world records and finished in the top 10 in AHRA points every year from 1972 through 1984. Although never national champions, the team was AHRA's Stock Eliminator runner-up from 1977 through 1979. Spencer and Knape ran in the Stock Eliminator class from 1971 through 1981 before moving up to the faster Modified-Super Stock Eliminator series from 1982 through 1984.
According to original owner Don Spencer, "I purchased the Vette in 1965 as a car to drive to work and have a bit of fun on the street with. After driving it for a while, the original 327 was pulled, and a replacement short-block was installed along with headers and slicks. The first time the car went to a dragstrip was in 1966, in Houston, where it ran a best of 13.65. For an almost-stock '62, it was very quick, given that the class records at the time were only a few tenths quicker.
"Around 1970 I retired the Vette from daily driving duties and decided to get more serious about drag racing. My high school friend Ron Knape and older brother Gene starting pitching in with mechanical and tuning assistance, and Spencer and Knape Racing Enterprises was formed. In 1971 the team decided to compete in the AHRA Grand American Series and race in the Stock Eliminator class. We started out running in E/Vette and chose AHRA because there were more AHRA-sanctioned tracks in the Southwest area, and the payouts in AHRA were significantly more than the rival NHRA."
When Sportsman racing ruled, the Vette's simplicity gave it an advantageous weight-to-power ratio that was hard to beat. Weighing a mere 3,150 pounds, the stock-bodied Vette relied on the stock frame, with modifications limited to a custom-built three-point rollbar, Jenkins Competition adjustable traction bars, Moroso heavy-duty front springs and 90/10 shocks, and the deletion of the front sway bar.
Power came courtesy of a '64 327 block that displaced the class maximum of 331 cubic inches. A pair of 300-horse double-hump heads pushed compression to 11:5:1 after the combustion chambers were reworked to come in at the minimum allowable volume of 62.2 cc's. Stock-sized (1.94/1.50) valves were actuated by factory stamped-steel rockers. Stock rods with ARP bolts and a stock polished crank comprised the rotating assembly, which was routinely pushed to 7,500 rpm before shifts.
Intake duties were initially handled by the stock Carter No. 3721 AFB and cast-iron small-block manifold. Following a switch to Modified Super-Stock in 1982, a Holley Strip Dominator manifold and a 650-cfm double-pumper carburetor handled the induction. A more aggressive camshaft profile was also allowed, thanks to the class change, resulting in the 327's sporting a custom General Kinetics solid cam that measured in at 310/314 duration and 0.579/0.590 lift. Open Hooker long-tube headers expelled the high-velocity exhaust gasses.
The transmission is the venerable Borg-Warner Super T10 four-speed, actuated by a heavy-duty McLeod clutch and pressure plate. The stock 10-bolt, carrying either 4.88 or 5.13 gears and Summers Brothers axles, soldiered on until 1982, when the rearend broke during the AHRA Nationals in San Antonio, snapping the team's 11-year winning streak of national class wins. In its place resides a fully prepped Mark Williams Dana 60 outfitted with a racing spool, super-strength axles, and 5.13 gears. Simple but effective, the combination's key was the rugged reliability of the chosen parts and the attention to detail necessary to rise to the top of the field.
Says Spencer, "Rather than trying to field a car ourselves on a very limited budget, we aggressively marketed the car to major sponsors and had sponsorship deals in place with Holley, Hooker Headers, CRC Industries, General Kinetics, Pennzoil, Champion, The Block Shop (in Pasadena, Texas), and a host of others. At the time, our marketing approach was very cutting-edge, and the team worked extremely hard to promote the sponsors' products.
"Our biggest thrill was attending the six-day 1972 National Challenge in Tulsa, which pitted the NHRA versus the AHRA on Labor Day weekend. We qualified number 12 in a 32-car field in Stock Eliminator and went to the semifinals. We represented the Sportsman racers, and Don Garlits represented the professionals.
"Although out of racing now, Ron Knape was recognized as one of the finest crew chiefs in Sportsman racing. With Ron's detailed preparation and the assistance of my older brother Gene in [engine] development, the Vette ended up breaking record after record until it ran a best of 12.34 at 112 mph." Named the AHRA Sportsman Driver of the year in 1975, Don Spencer was one of the best drivers Sportsman racing has ever seen.
After the AHRA ceased operation in 1984, the car was stored in Don's garage, untouched, until 2002. It was then that a chance meeting resulted in Don's meeting up with David Dudley, an associate at a firm where both men had worked years before. Before long they were talking about racing, and Don mentioned that he was interested in selling the Vette to a collector who would honor the heritage of the car by racing it.
Shortly before Christmas 2002, David Dudley decided to strike a deal and make the '62 Vette the first Chevy-badged addition to his arsenal of racing Pontiacs. After all, doing so would allow him to hand the keys of his '79 Trans-Am drag car to his 16-year-old daughter Jessica and fulfill a teenage dream of racing an authentic Sportsman Vette. According to Dudley, "After getting it home I started examining the fuel and electrical systems in preparation to fire up the engine. The electrical system was fine, but the gas tank had to be cleaned and flushed, and various other components needed to be replaced or rebuilt." With a fresh battery and fluids, the engine fired right up, but it only ran for a few minutes before corrosion from the gas tank stopped the fuel flow. Rather than starting over on the fuel system, a fuel cell was utilized to ensure a corrosion-free fuel source and enhance the safety of the Vette at the racetrack.


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Celebration Herbals, Organic, Herbal Tea, Fenugreek Seed, Caffeine Free, 24 Tea Bags, 1.51 oz (43 g) (Discontinued Item)
By Celebration Herbals2 Reviews
Shipping Weight:?0.43 lbs (0.2 kg)
Shipping Weight
The Shipping Weight includes the product, protective packaging material and the actual shipping box. In addition, the Shipping Weight may be adjusted for the Dimensional Weight (e.g. length, width & height) of a package. It is important to note that certain types of products (e.g. glass containers, liquids, fragile, refrigerated or ice packed) will often require protective packaging material. As such, these products will reflect a higher Shipping Weight compared to the unprotected product.
- Product Code: CLB-20137
- UPC Code: 628240201379
- Package Quantity: 24 Tea Bags, 1.51 oz (43 g)
- Dimensions: 2.3 x 3.3 x 5.7 in, 0.15 lbs (0.07 kg)
Product Overview
- Absolutely Organic
- Hyssop
- Rose Hip
- Stinging Nettle
- St John's Wort
- Kosher Pareve
- USDA Organic
- Verified Organic
- Better Herbs Make Better Tea
- Burdock
- Feverfew
- Spearmint
- Lemon Balm
- Certified Organic by Pro-Cert
All the herbs in this tea are organically grown and prepared, ensuring their natural taste and active properties are enjoyed in every cup of tea. Our organic audit trail enables traceability from the field to your table.
About Fenugreek...
Fenugreek is one of the oldest cultivated crops known to man. Its seeds are small, hard, and have a brownish yellow color. The name Fenugreek is derived from the Latin word for "Greek Hay". The ancient Egyptians used it as food and incense. Benedictine monks introduced the plant to central Europe where it was widely established by the sixteenth century. Today, it is used worldwide as a tea and in herbal preparations.
It all starts with the herbs. Celebration Herbals is dedicated to bringing you the best tasting teas, grown and processed as close to "the way nature intended" as possible and never irradiated.
Our herbs are grown and harvested with the highest standards of quality control. You can trust our new special designations - Certified Organic, Ethically Wildcrafted, Organically Grown and Pure Quality.
We are committed to the environment. In this box you won't find any strings, tags, or staples in our chlorine free bags. In addition, our boxes are made from 100% recycled board. A resealable freshness bag is used to extend the quality and life of your tea.
We hope you enjoy the beneficial pleasure of drinking these teas as much as we have enjoyed blending, hand crafting and packaging them for you.
Herbally Yours,
Celebration Herbals
Suggested Use
- Good water is an essential part of brewing a great cup of tea. We recommend using spring or filtered water.
- Be sure to relax! Some of the most enjoyable aspects of tea are the calmness and ritual that surround it.
- This is a delicate herb and is more potent when exposed to high temperatures for a short period of time. So that your tea has its maximum medicinal properties and flavor, be sure that your water is at a rolling boil when you pour it over your teabags.
- If you desire a medicinal tea, be sure to use one tea bag per cup of boiling water, cover and steep for 7-12 minutes. This is known as the infusion method.
- If you desire a pleasure tea or quick brew, use one teabag per cup of hot water. Pour water over teabags, cover, and let steep 3 to 5 minutes to taste. Enjoy!
Organic fenugreek seed (trigonella foenum-graecum)
No flavorings, preservatives or sweeteners of any kind.
iHerb Customer Reviews
This organic fenugre ek tea has a mild taste and is loaded with health benefits. It's great for people suffering from morning sickness, nausea, vomiting, meteorism, indigestion, bloating, flatulence, colics, IBS, nasal congestion, sore throat, respiratory tract infections, bronchitis, tonsillitis, laryngitis, sinusitis, colds, flu, fever, emphysema, asthma, high cholesterol, cardiovascular conditions, hypertension, migraines and headaches, muscle, joint and nerve pain, earache, chronic fatigue syndrome, anxiety, agitation, restlessness, depression, dementia, dizzy spells, palpitations, gluten intolerance and celiac disease, diabetes, period cramps, arthritis, rheumatism, osteoporosis, water retention, gallstones and gallbladder disease, and even cancer. Famous for its superb antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, antibiotic, antibacterial, antimicrobial, antiviral, antifungal, analgesic, antispasmodic, tonic, cicatrizant, soothing and healing properties, fenugre ek tea flushes toxins out of the body, boosts and strengthens the immune system, inhibits the absorption of viruses and helps eliminate them from the system, neutralizes free radicals and reduces acidity, increases energy levels, stimulates the production of digestive enzymes and improves enzymatic reactions in cells, aids digestion, improves kidney and liver function, prevents heartburn and acid reflux, relieves nausea and bloating, increases appetite, improves metabolism and fat burning, reduces inflammation, facilitates healing, improves brain function, helps stabilize blood sugar and regulate insulin levels by preventing blood spikes, normalizes blood pressure, lowers triglycerides and LDL or "bad" cholesterol levels while increasing HDL or "good" cholesterol, protects against strokes, atherosclerosis and peripheral arterial disease, helps maintain healthy bones, joints and teeth, soothes and heals dry and damaged skin, and even reduces the risk of cancer. A fenugre ek tea bag can also be applied topically to treat acne, eczema, psoriasis, dermatitis, scabies, shingles, hives, sciatica, ringworm, chicken pox, dandruff, seborrhea, scalp infections, alopecia, gingivitis, parodontosis, gum disease, relieve toothache, prevent cavities and caries, soothe sore gums, facilitate the healing of wounds, sores, scars, bruises, abrasions, cuts, burns, rashes, burns, boils, blisters, insect bites and stings, canker sores, sunburn and peeling skin. It improves the complexion, brightens and evens out skin tone, reduces redness and inflammation, spots, blemishes, blotchiness and small lines, calms itching, helps break down old scar tissue, improves cellular circulation, supports and strengthens the skin's defensive mechanisms, stimulates cell renewal and regeneration, prevents premature aging. It's great for the scalp and hair, as well: it regulates sebum production and protects the scalp at the cellular level, removes dandruff and flakiness, strengthens the root bulbs and follicle connection, slows down hair loss, pro motes keratin production and hair growth. Fenugre ek tea can also be used as a compress for sore muscles, stiff and achy joints, sprains and injuries: it stimulates blood circulation, relieves pain and aids in coagulation of wounds for faster healing. It's a great herbal tea and I would recommend it to people suffering from cardiovascular, gastrointestinal or respiratory tract conditions, as well as to anyone wanting to boost their immune system and improve their overall health and well-being.
bitter taste but good for me


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This product is currently sold out.
You can obtain status and/or reserve this item by contacting us. We can also be reached by calling toll free 1-866-326-9377 (Dialing from outside the US +01 314 772 3566) between 10AM and 6PM CST (-6 GMT).
Whether you need performance underwear or something to wear under slacks, you'll be setting the bar high with the Go Softwear Retro Short. Made from soft stretch cotton fabric, it has a square-cut silhouette for a body-defining fit that lasts throughout the day. Other details include a vertical seam on the reverse side for increased rear definition, contrast piping and a low-rise elastic waistband.
90% Cotton, 10% Lycra Spandex.
Machine wash cold, do not bleach. Tumble dry low, cool iron if needed. Wash dark colors separately.
|28-30 in 71-76 cm
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