text:
|Print version
Related Links
|Definitions of universal access and universal design
|Universal Design
|Universal Remote Console
|Review of Universal Usability
Background Links
|Ben Shneiderman: Universal Usability (PDF)
|Wikipedia article about universal usability
By Gerd Waloszek, SAP AG, SAP User Experience – December 5, 2007
Universal usability is a fairly new concept in the user interface design field. This article explains what universal usability means and how it is related to similar concepts, such as universal access and universal design.
Universal usability refers to the question of how information and communications products and services can be designed so that they can be used by every citizen. The term was introduced by Ben Shneiderman in an article, titled Universal Usability and published in the Communications of the ACM (see references) in 2000. In the article, Shneiderman outlines a research program for addressing the "universal usability challenges" of:
According to Shneiderman (2000), these three challenges are the main obstacles for making information and communication services available to every citizen, or as he puts it, "in attaining universal usability for Web-based and other [information and communication] services."
Shneiderman (2000) also provides a practical/measurable definition of universal usability:
Besides universal usability, there are two related terms in use: universal access and universal design. Although these terms have a somewhat different meaning (see here) they are often used interchangeably with universal usability. All in all, however, universal usability can be regarded as the broadest concept of the three because it includes both access and usability. And implicitly it subsumes, of course, design, too. On the other hand, the authors of the Wikipedia article about universal usability * argue that these three concepts can been seen as complementing each other: "Altogether [they] cover, from the user's end to the developer's end, the three important research areas of information and communications technology (ICT): use [universal usability], access [universal access], and design [universal design]."
For more information, see definitions of universal access and universal design and the relationships between all three concepts.
Pioneers in the field of universal usability include Gregg Vanderheiden (Trace Center, University of Wisconsin – Madison, USA), Constantine Stephanidis ("User interfaces for all", ERCIM), Alan Newell (University of Dundee, Scotland), Vicky Hanson (T.J. Watson Research Center, IBM, USA), Ben Shneiderman ("Universal usability", University of Maryland, USA), and Jonathan Lazar (editor of the book Universal Usability; Townson University, USA).
Shneiderman conceived universal usability as a research agenda. His focus on research may be the reason, why the recently published anthology Universal Usability (2007; edited by Jonathan Lazar; see review), mostly takes an academic approach when presenting recent results from the field. In my opinion, universal usability deserves a much broader audience than solely the research community. Designers and also practitioners should be familiar with this topic and its implications.
Below, I will illustrate what Shneiderman's three challenges mean in practice using real-world examples.
Supporting a broad range of hardware, software, and network access means to support:
Accommodating individual differences among users means to support users who differ with respect to:
In real life, these criteria can usually be found in combination. For example, pre-school children are young (age), cannot read (literacy), and also have lower motor skills than older children and adults (a kind of "disability"). As another example, members of under-privileged groups typically have deficiencies in literacy, computer literacy, and education and also have a low income.
Coarse categories for classifying these differences might be:
In my opinion, this third challenge differs from the other two because it refers exclusively to the users' knowledge levels. It corresponds more or less to the category "computer literacy," which I added to the "user diversity" challenge and might be subsumed under that label as well. Nonetheless, designing and implementing software and information services, which accommodate users with pronouncedly different degrees of proficiency is a huge challenge in itself.
Possible categories for classifying differences in user knowledge and usage behavior are:
For example, frequent use does not necessarily imply that the user has an advanced level of knowledge, because the usage may be confined to simple functionality or just one application.
According to Jonathan Lazar (2007), there are essentially two types of universal interface design strategies:
Which of the strategies is chosen, depends on how the software or device is to be used. Note that this distinction can be extended beyond software or electronic devices to include houses, appliances, or any other objects in our daily lives.
Universal solutions raise the question of how different user populations can be best accommodated. Is it better to use multiple solutions or just one? The need to accommodate a wide range of users implies that there is no "average" user on whom a system design can be based. Consequently, a single design that accommodates the diversity of the prospective users and their needs often simply does not exist. Therefore, the authors of the Wikipedia article regard multi-layer systems as the most promising approach to achieving universal usability to-date. These systems accommodate different users through multiple interfaces, such as multiple versions of adjustment controls, or variable numbers of options to select from.
An alternative to true multi-layer designs would be to provide one "mainstream" solution and add specific solutions for certain user populations to broaden the range of users. Which of the approaches is more costly depends on the situation at hand. Clearly, multi-layer interfaces are more expensive to build than single solutions. But they may be more cost-effective than a mix of distinct solutions. This is particularly the case if specific solutions have to be added later on, for example, when the need arises to conform to legal requirements.
Shneiderman (2000) also emphasized the usefulness of layered approaches: "They are easy to implement when planned in advance, but often difficult to retrofit." As a rule of thumb, we might state that implementing features that are needed by specific user groups afterwards can be much more difficult and expensive than implementing them from the very start. Advocates of universal usability like to use the analogy of curb-cuts to explain how systems designed for disabled users can benefit all users. Curb-cuts are scooped-out pieces of sidewalk to allow wheelchair users to cross streets. They are also useful for baby carriage pushers, delivery service workers, cyclists, and travelers with roller bags. The curb-cut analogy also illustrates Shneiderman's above-mentioned statement: Adding curb-cuts later can be very costly and in some cases even impossible. Transferring this idea to electronic systems, the authors of the Wikipedia article conclude: "It might be expensive to transform an existing system to meet universal usability standards, but the extra cost of integrating electronic curb-cuts into a new system can be minimalized."
Accommodating a wide range of users and technological options calls for a certain amount of flexibility in the design of systems. Critics of universal usability warn that the flexibility, which is required by universal usability, may lead to resorting to "lowest common denominator systems," or "dumbing down" technologically (this is also called the "innovation restriction scenario"). As an example, in her book Access by Design, Sarah Horton favors HTML over all other Web formats and requires Web designers to use non-standard formats, such as Flash or PDF, only as alternatives to HTML, not as the only solution. I doubt that all Web designers will agree with her point of view; some will feel deprived of the technical options that the non-standard formats offer. Ben Shneiderman (2000), however, is optimistic and believes that "accommodating a broader spectrum of usage situations forces researchers to consider a wider range of designs and often leads to innovations that benefit all users." Some frequently-cited examples demonstrate the possibility of benefits for all users, but I would argue that the "ecological" validity of this statement has yet to be proven. Or perhaps I should say, that its "economic" validity has yet to be proven? Reality has repeatedly shown that economic considerations, and also ignorance about the needs of specific user populations, seduce designers into providing solutions, which are only targeted at "main-stream" user populations. Universal designs are still the exception, not the rule. Last but not least, this is also a political and a social issue. As section 508 demonstrated, sometimes the pressure of legal requirements can act as a driving force towards universal access and usability.
Below, I will list some example applications of universal usability.
According to Wikipedia, current trends in the universal usability research include (adapted):
(W) Example from Wikipedia; (IBM) from IBM's Web Adaptation Technology Website
To my knowledge, little work has been done regarding the question of how to bridge gaps in user knowledge. Examples of current research approaches are:
Practical solutions include:
All of these approaches attempt to provide users with the necessary knowledge. Systems that emphasize training and teaching usually do so in advance (or proactively), while help systems (and cheat sheets) are used "on the spot," that is, during the actual work. Written documentation can be used for both purposes. Adaptive systems take the users' current knowledge level into account to make sure that they are provided with just the information they need. For example, adaptive systems ensure that experts are not overwhelmed or distracted by information they already know. Typically, all these approaches are covered under an educational or instructional umbrella, not a universal usability one. Therefore, I will not go into further detail here.
In addition, there are some general usability concepts that help to bridge the gaps in user knowledge, such as:
Universal usability is an ambitious goal, which is hard to reach, given the challenges posed by user diversity and technology variety. Strategies to attain this goal can largely be divided into (1) solutions that attempt to accommodate as many users and technologies as possible and (2) solutions that are targeted at specific user populations. While the first approach strives for universal solutions, the second one is not at all universal. Instead, by targeting specific solutions, it strives to broaden the range of users who have access to information technology and services. Specific solutions may have the – often unexpected, but welcome – potential to be adopted by other users as well, provided they benefit all, or at least a wide range of users. In such a case, we are indeed "at the heart" of universal design.
When advocating universal usability, some authors adopt a strict position, while others are willing to make compromises. However, being too strict implies the danger of being not listened to or being accused of limiting people to low-level technology (or the lowest common denominator). As an example, some authors demand only HTML is used for Web pages because it is the most universal technology. The reality of the Web tells us that the majority of the Websites simply ignore such strict requirements. As it stands, this issue has not been settled yet – partly because of the additional cost that specific solutions or greater flexibility introduce, partly because of unawareness for the issue of universal usability itself. However, the goal of universal usability is too important to be left aside and ignored. Greater activity and publicity is needed to make it succeed. This article is one more attempt to make people aware of universal usability and give its case more impetus.
Feedback to this article and suggestions for improving it are welcome!
*) The Wikipedia article about universal usability is a group project of Dr. Kent Norman's Spring semester 2006 course, Seminar in Human Performance Theory: Human/Computer Interaction, at the University of Maryland, College Park. As there is no single author, we will use the authors of the Wikipedia article, or short, Wikipedia as author name in the remainder of the article.


text:
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
The old adage of there is no replacement for displacement will always ring true, especially when the topic of a pump gas engine is the center of conversation. That cliché, unfortunately, gets lost from time-to-time during these days of the force-fed modern LS small-block engines. We've seen our fair share of boost-pumped LS bullets that make in excess of 1,000 hp and even as high as 1,500 hp. The price tags are as impressive and mind-boggling as the output of the latest small-block from the General. Adding to the complexity and cost are the turbo/supercharger units and associated plumbing, EFI, massive fuel system, and electronic controllers--you can start to see a dim picture being painted of a timely and costly installation associated with that type of build. Fear not, there are alternatives and we will revert back to the big engine comments made above--bigger is better.
We put the challenge out to Scott Shafiroff Racing Engines (SSRE) to give us a formula to make over 900 hp in naturally aspirated trim, fit under most conventional cowl induction hoods on common muscle cars, and drink 93 octane gasoline. SSRE proprietor Scott Shafiroff said the task was tricky, but attainable. He prescribed his 598 Twisted as the solution. It's the newest crate engine from the longtime engine builder. The Twisted will simply bolt into your car without having to fabricate custom parts that people associate with most force-fed applications.
"A few years ago we began offering 598ci engines that use a low-deck block. It was a way to give our customers extra power, but stay away from the taller deck blocks that are used for the 632s," says the New York-based engine builder. He continues, "I know most people don't build a low-deck 598 because of piston and rod design issues, but SSRE has some tricks that make it a reliable and durable combination."
Scott doesn't want to divulge the secret in making 598ci from a low-deck engine, but let's just say that the fix involves a pretty savvy trick. SSRE works with Dart on a propriety block design that allows for a properly designed piston and correct connecting rod length. The ultimate advantage to a low-deck engine is that it will fit under the typical cowl induction hood on most muscle cars. SSRE's regular 598ci engine makes 775 hp and Scott said the new Twisted was going to make over 900. We dared him to put his money where his mouth is on this one, and we'd bring the pump gas. We put up a dollar for this gentleman's bet and it is a buck we'd be more than happy to fork over if the Twister cranked out 900 hp.
For those who don't know Scott, he is a former NHRA Pro Stock racer and Pro Mod engine builder who has been designing and building engines for over 40 years. His racing bullets have set records and won championships in all types of racing. The Ultra Street line, which is home to his pump gas combinations in both big- and small-block configurations, came about over 20 years ago as more customers began looking for his expertise in the street market. Today there are dozens of different small-block and big-block engines for sale through SSRE for both race and street applications. Each one is a proven package with the right combination of parts and professionally assembled.
Another nice feature is that SSRE dyno tests every single engine before leaving the shop and Ultra Street bullets come with a warranty. Scott likes to remind us that SSRE engines are engineered by them so you can simply bolt it in your car and go have fun later that day. The Twisted 598 was designed with the same premise of quality and performance.


text:
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Earlier this week conservative columnist Ben Shapiro came up with his list of the 5 most annoying Republicans<-----(here). Its a mighty fine list too, but I'm going to focus on his number one choice since she also happens to be my top pick.
Mirror mirror on the wall, who's the most annoying Republican of all? (click here)
This cover, "corrected" with Photoshop from the version that hit bookstores, was originally found at iOwnTheWorld
This is going to be a tough post for me because there is already so much great stuff out there that has been said about her...such as...
It is impossible to read Dirty, Sexy Politics and come away with the impression that you have read anything other than the completely unedited ramblings of an idiot. This being a professional website for which I have a great deal of respect, I searched for a more eloquent or gentle way to accurately phrase the previous sentence – but could not find one.
Read the rest of Leon H. Wolf's EXCELLENT and wildly entertaining review of her book here
...so I don't know how much I can add, but I've got to get this girl off my chest...again. I say "again" because did a post in the very early days of this blog where I refered to her as the Paris Hilton of the Republican Party, and that post unfortunately didn't scratch that itch well enough.
There is little wonder why conservatives don't like her, she tries to write us off as out-of-touch extremists who resist what she views is an inevitable "liberalizing" of the GOP on her pet issues of gay marriage and bowing to the altar of global warming. She justifies it all by saying we need to get with modern times, whatever the hell that's supposed to mean...
McCain takes repeated jabs at the intolerant ethos of today's Republicans. She rails at feeling left out: The party, she says, has been hijacked by the right wing and has rejected -- to its detriment -- the moderate politics that she and millions of other young conservatives espouse....she feels she is never viewed as conservative enough by the far-right standards of angry radio and TV hosts. Complicating her acceptance among those who control the "groupthink," as she calls it...
Read the rest of this (typically) much friendlier review from the Washington post here.
If Wolf's review is the mark from which her mind can be measured (I actually suggest we use a 6 inch ruler) it doesn't seem to me that she ever really says what type of "think" the "group" is having contolled. Furthermore, if she wants to cast herself as the independent thinker she thinks she is then she really needs to reconcile the hypocrisy of accusing conervatives of engaging in "group think" while demanding that we just fall in line with "modern" thinking on certain issues already.
In the end it's seems she really just wants to assimilate conservatives to this moderate GOP hive that she fancies herself the queen of. This is made exponentially more irritating by the fact that she wasn't even a Republican until her father was the party's nominee for president. If that's not enough she voted for John Kerry in 2004!
If she was smart enough to realize it (or actually cared about the world around her) she would pause at the reality that her celebrity status is totally an invention of the mainstream media. They're the only ones who have been able to take her seriously because she is so useful to them. They fuel her delusion that she is the real voice of conservative youth today.
She may feel its her views that make her an outcast, but really it's because she is a blithering idiot. If you think it's harsh for me to say such a thing then click the link to Wolf's book review, I really don't think a better case can be made for her stupidity. The quotes from her book he cites leaves him wondering if she even had an editor look at it in the first place....
(One of many excerpts of the book from Wolf's review, yes I'm going to rely on this because I will not waste a second of my life actually reading "Dirty Sexy Politics")
"And later, just before the New Hampshire primary in January, it was bitter-ass freezing, so cold that my body was screaming, but, at the same time, it was so magical, so clean, an amazing winter wonderland."
I'm going to stick with my theory that it was ghost written by Yoda.
I'm also pretty sure we agreed on literacy tests for membership to the vast right-wing conspiracy at our last meeting (if you don't know what the heck I'm talking about send me your info so I can add you to the contact list) so how did this girl slip through the cracks?
Her boo hoo's about not being "conservative enough" would be cute if they weren't so irritatingly disingenuous. Moderates and conservatives in the GOP are always struggling with each other, but most conservatives appreciate the sense of balance moderates can bring to the party.
What Meghan fails to realize (because the only thing more shallow than her mind is her political experience) is that while moderates bring balance to the spectrum it's the conservatives that bring the party's actual identity. For the most part Republicans aren't Republicans if they're not a conservative (or whatever adjective is needed to describe the formation of and adherance to a political party's platform) of some shade first.
In the end its her unbridled narcisissm that gets to me the most. I was raised in a conservative family and consider myself something of a lifelong Republican (I'm a registered Independent now, thanks precisely to guys like John McCain and the GOP congress of 2004-06). I've knocked on doors and made calls for the party, so I really don't appreciate her belief that riding shotgun on daddy's campaign bus makes her feel entitled embark on a crusade to remake the party she just joined.
There are GOP volunteers who have spent their entire life serving the party and don't expect the kind of clout Meghan McCain demands for herself. Until she starts to display a little bit of humility she's just going to have to continue deluding herself into thinking we don't like her because she's "not conservative enough."


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I'm horrible at reading books and am always looking for the study notes, you know, the summary of the entire book in a page or so. Don't get me wrong I love a well written piece of fiction like J.M. Coetzee's "Life and Times of Michael K" but throw a not so well written self help book like "The Celestine Prophecy" at me and it'll end up on the bed stand for weeks. So I watching a PBS program by this guy called "Seven Decisions that Determine Personal Success" by Andy Andrews. Seems like a nice bloke but ha! here is a little summary of the seven decisions:
1. The Buck Stops Here - Taking personal responsibility
2. Seek Wisdom - Search for understanding and discernment
3. Be a Person of Action - Being a courageous leader
4. Have a Decided Heart - Overcoming double-mindedness
5. Choose Happiness - Possessing a grateful spirit
6. Forgive others - The power of grace and mercy
7. Persist - Perservering with faith until the end
So now you know! Get to it. Perhaps more on it at a later date.


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SLU-Madrid Celebrates May Commencement
Saint Louis University-Madrid celebrated its May commencement on Friday. A record 72 graduates participated, representing 21 different countries and 20 different U.S. states.
|Led by SLU professor Hamish Binns on bagpipe, the graduates march from the SLU-Madrid Campus to the graduation ceremony auditorium. Photo by Fernando Bejar Arauz
Undergraduate degrees were granted from the College of Arts and Sciences, the School of Nursing and the John Cook School of Business. Eight students graduated with master's degrees in either English or Spanish.
The ceremony featured two student speakers. Consuelo Revis of Adana, Turkey, addressed the assembly in English, while Anthony Pasero-O'Malley of Milwaukee, spoke to the gathering in Spanish.
Rafael Alonso, head of the Spanish office of the international legal firm, Squire Sanders & Hammonds, was the principal commencement speaker, offering words of advice to the graduates, which concluded with his singing of a line from "You've Got the Whole World in Your Hands."
As graduates processed across the stage, Isabel Gómez-Acebo, president of the Madrid Campus Board of Regents, presented each new graduate with a SLU logo pin.
Following commencement, the graduates and approximately 600 guests gathered on the back patio of SLU-Madrid's Padre Arrupe Hall, where they were enjoyed food, drink and live music.
Prior to the graduation ceremony, the campus community celebrated a baccalaureate Mass. Frank Reale, S.J., Madrid Campus vice president and rector, presided, and Father James O'Leary, S.J., campus chaplain, preached.
The countries represented among the graduates were Australia, Costa Rica, Egypt, France, Georgia, Germany, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Morocco, Oman, Philippines, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Serbia and Montenegro, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Taiwan, United Arab Emirates and the United States.


text:
The following is an archive of a post made to our
'vox mailing list'
by one of its subscribers.
Hello Brian,
> shared memory? Anyway, I am impressed! I guess that is contrary to what
> you found?
Huh? I said I liked it. I recommended it to you.
My main complaint is that these machines are not that different from
desktops, so why strip down Firefox and other programs?! It's
retarded to think netbook = pda. It's really an ultra portable
desktop. The main benefit is that you can use it off-and-on during
the day, wherever you are, instead of going to your desktop because
it's so portable; therefore it's always there with you. Regular
laptops are really desktops in a different form factor and have lousy
battery life( and hour or two) and weigh so much and are so large that
they are not really portable at all because you wind up leaving them
behind. The weight and size of a regular laptop are so discouraging I
have stopped carrying them with me and are only using them on my
couch, home bathroom, and in my bed.
Michael Cheselka
On Fri, Oct 2, 2009 at 21:43, Brian Lavender <email@example.com> wrote:
> Michael,
> I installed moblin and I am really impressed. I boosted my Mini 9 to 2
> Gigs of RAM, and it flies. The whole interface is different. I installed
> the Dell/Canonical custom spin. It is built for the Mini 10v, but the
> from what I can see, the Mini 9 has the same specs. It's just smaller!
> It must be the SSE3 instruction set that makes things work so well. Or,
> maybe it is this extra Gig of RAM. I believe the intel 950 graphics uses
> shared memory? Anyway, I am impressed! I guess that is contrary to what
> you found?
> On Tue, Sep 29, 2009 at 06:31:15AM -0700, Michael Cheselka wrote:
>> Hello Brian,
>> I've used both and they're both great. �Moblin boots incredibly fast.
>> They both suffer from an urge to strip things down. �I'm referring to
>> special compilations of firefox that are stripped down because you
>> "only" have 1GB of ram on a 1.6Ghz machine... �Please people!!!
>> Give me the real firefox!!!!! �It's so stupid. �These are netbooks
>> not palmtops running with 128MB of ram on a 400Mhz low electrical
>> use cpus.
>> Other than that complaint it's all good. �There's no harm in trying them
>> both.
>> Regards,
>> Michael Cheselka
>> 650-488-4820
>> On Mon, Sep 28, 2009 at 23:45, Brian Lavender <email@example.com> wrote:
>> > Has anyone tried it? Or any comments on it? I see that Dell is selling
>> > the Mini 10v with it.
>> >
>> > http://www.ubuntu.com/news/canonical-dell-deliver-ubuntu-moblin-remix
>> >
>> > It appears that it should run on the Mini 9.
>> >
>> > brian
>> > --
>> > Brian Lavender
>> > http://www.brie.com/brian/
>> >
>> > Version: GnuPG v1.4.6 (GNU/Linux)
>> >
>> > iD8DBQFKwa0mA69J/GXZSMsRAjimAJ9yw525nQFTsjooJgz2yQKiJVwCqgCfSyWV
>> > TSZJtNPnhFamjWlcQmEgu8k=
>> > =W9f1
>> >
>> > _______________________________________________
>> > vox mailing list
>> > email@example.com
>> > http://lists.lugod.org/mailman/listinfo/vox
>> >
>> >
>> _______________________________________________
>> vox mailing list
>> email@example.com
>> http://lists.lugod.org/mailman/listinfo/vox
> --
> Brian Lavender
> http://www.brie.com/brian/
> _______________________________________________
> vox mailing list
> firstname.lastname@example.com
> http://lists.lugod.org/mailman/listinfo/vox
vox mailing list
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text:
Exam Dates
March 7, 2015
Application Deadline
January 24, 2015
October 3, 2015
Application Deadline
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*****Important Announcements*****
CCH Renewals are due 1/31/15
CHC Renewal packets were emailed out in mid-December. There was a delivery problem for all Yahoo email users, so the packets were resent the first week in January. If you have not received your packet, please call the office.
To renew your CCH credential, click here or choose 'Credential Renewal' under 'Important Details' on the right side of this page. All CCH holders must submit their signed renewal and CEU forms with CEU documentation to the CHC office by January 31, 2015.


text:
Starting from
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Bath Products : Gilchrist & Soames
Shower Head : Standard
Television : Yes HD Flatscreen
Telephone : Yes
Alarm Clock : Yes
Iron w/ Board : Yes


text:
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Product Details
Easily and accurately track your movements with this incredibly user-friendly SPORTLINE® Snapshot pedometer. The Snapshot displays 5 key active functions at the same time on its screen, which eliminates scrolling and button pushing to view your data. Those functions include tracking how many steps you've taken, your distance and speed, calories burned, additional movements made throughout the day, and stride lengths.
- Accurately tracks steps
- Measures distance and speed
- Calculates calories burned
- MoveTrac™ technology monitors day-long movements
- Automatic or customizable stride length settings
- Simple single-button operation
- Measures in both imperial and metric standards
- Manufacturer's 1-year warranty
Product Recommendations
Product Reviews
REVIEW SNAPSHOT®by PowerReviews
Best Uses
- Reviewer Profile:
- Casual/ recreational (3)
- Was this a gift?:
- No (3)
Reviewed by 5 customers
Sort by
Comments about SPORTLINE Snapshot Pedometer:
I've had the pedometer for about two weeks and think it's great!
Comments about SPORTLINE Snapshot Pedometer:
The display is really hard to read and it does not seem to accurately keep track of steps.
- Inaccurate
Best Uses
Comments about SPORTLINE Snapshot Pedometer:
Inside the box it tells you to wear it close to the body in a vertical position, so I put it in the watch pocket of my levis. It doesn't have a belt clip. At 8:50 am it read 1.01 miles, at 11:40 down to 0.96; at 2:15 up to 1.87 and by 4:15 pm it said 0.13 miles. Completely inaccurate, so it's basically worthless
- Was this a gift?:
- No
- Easy To Use
- Lightweight
- Simple Controls
Best Uses
- Walking
Comments about SPORTLINE Snapshot Pedometer:
Very poorly made and it does not have a clip. The screen on mine fell out so I'm returning it.
- Was this a gift?:
- No
- Lightweight
- Display Hard To Read
- No Clip Or Strap
- Poor Ergonomics
Best Uses
- Walking
Comments about SPORTLINE Snapshot Pedometer:
for the price this product should have come with a clip or strap. I can only use it if I have a pocket (most of my dress skirts do not) or if I manually carry it. It's accuracy isn't great, but okay. The display is like the first digital watch displays and is difficult to read in certain light. I do not recommend this at all. There are many better alternatives in the same price range.
- Was this a gift?:
- No


text:
Dibbun wrote:Concise description:
- There would be a game option to have manual territory selection.
- When the manual territories option is selected, players will go 1 by 1 selecting the territories they desire. Then, depending on whether deployment is automatic or manual, after all territories which will be selected have been, the deployment phase will begin.
How this will benefit the site and/or other comments:
- Adds additional customization and layers of strategies to games.
Already been suggested like infinity times.


text:
A Unix-like (sometimes shortened to *nix) operating system is one that behaves in a manner similar to a Unix system, while not necessarily conforming to or being certified to any version of the Single UNIX Specification. The term can include free software / open source operating systems inspired by Bell Labs' Unix or designed to emulate its features, commercial and proprietary work-alikes, and even versions based on the licensed UNIX source code (which may be deemed so "Unix-like" that they are certified to bear the "UNIX" trademark). There is no standard for defining the term, and some difference of opinion is possible as to whether a certain OS is "Unix-like" or not.
The Open Group owns the UNIX trademark and administers the Single UNIX Specification, with the "UNIX" name being used as a certification mark. They do not approve of the construction "Unix-like", and consider it misuse of their trademark. Their guidelines require "UNIX" to be presented in uppercase or otherwise distinguished from the surrounding text, strongly encourage using it as a branding adjective for a generic word such as "system", and discourage its use in hyphenated phrases. The closest phrase they consider correct is "UNIX system-like".
Other parties frequently treat "Unix" as a genericized trademark, in much the same way that in the United States of America "Band-Aid" is used in reference to any adhesive bandage. Some add a wildcard character to the name to make a euphemistic abbreviation like "Un*x" or "*nix" (the latter pronounced as "asternix", a play on the asterisk used for the wildcard), since Unix-like systems often have Unix-like names such as AIX, HP-UX, IRIX, Linux, Minix, Ultrix, and Xenix. These patterns do not literally match many system names, but are still generally recognized to refer to any UNIX descendant system, even those with completely dissimilar names such as Solaris, FreeBSD or Mac OS X. This is still contrary to Open Group guidelines.
As of 2007, there is an active legal battle between Wayne R. Gray and Open Group that centers on the use of UNIX as a trademark. Trademark Trial and Appeal Board court documents indicate that Gray's legal team is seeking for the Open Group to provide documentation for their trademark claim.
Also in 2007, the Open Group forced the German University of Kassel not to use "UNIK" as their short form.
Dennis Ritchie, one of the original creators of UNIX, has expressed his opinion that Unix-like systems such as Linux are de facto UNIX systems. Eric S. Raymond has suggested that there are three kinds of Unix-like systems:Genetic UNIX: Those systems with a historical connection to the AT&T codebase. Most but not all commercial UNIX systems fall into this category. So do the BSD systems, which are descendants of work done at the University of California, Berkeley in the late 1970s and early 1980s. Some of these systems have no original AT&T code but can still trace their ancestry to AT&T designs.Trademark or Branded UNIX: These systems—largely commercial in nature—have been determined by the Open Group to meet the Single UNIX Specification and are allowed to carry the UNIX name. Most such systems are commercial derivatives of the System V code base in one form or another, though a few (such as IBM's z/OS) earned the trademark through a POSIX compatibility layer and are not otherwise inherently Unix systems. Many Ancient UNIX Systems no longer meet this definition.Functional UNIX: Broadly, any Unix-like system that behaves in a manner roughly consistent with the UNIX specification; more specifically, this can refer to systems such as Linux or Minix that behave similarly to a UNIX system but have no genetic or trademark connection to the AT&T code base. Most free/open-source implementations of the UNIX design, whether Genetic Unix or not, fall into the restricted definition of this third category due to the expense of obtaining Open Group certification which costs thousands of dollars.
Cygwin, while not being an operating system, does provide a Unix-like environment on top of Microsoft Windows.
"Unix-like" systems started to appear in the late '70s and early '80s. Many proprietary versions, such as Idris (1978), Coherent (1983), and UniFlex (1985), aimed to provide businesses with the functionality available to academic users of UNIX.
When AT&T later allowed commercial licensing of UNIX in the 1980s, a variety of proprietary systems were developed based on it, including AIX, HP-UX, IRIX, SunOS, Tru64, Ultrix, and Xenix. These largely displaced the proprietary clones. Growing incompatibility between these systems led to the creation of interoperability standards, including POSIX and the Single UNIX Specification.
Meanwhile, the GNU Project was launched in 1983 with the goal of making GNU, an operating system which all computer users could freely use, study, modify, and redistribute. Various "Unix-like" operating systems developed alongside GNU, frequently sharing substantial components with it (leading to some disagreement about whether they should be called "GNU" or not). These primarily served as low-cost and unrestricted substitutes for UNIX, and include 4.4BSD, Linux, and Minix. Some of these have in turn been the basis for commercial "Unix-like" systems, such as BSD/OS and Mac OS X. Notably, Mac OS X 10.5, Leopard, is certified under the Single UNIX Specification.
The various BSD variants are notable in that they are in fact descendants of UNIX, developed by the University of California at Berkeley with UNIX source code from Bell Labs. However, the BSD code base has evolved since then, replacing all of the AT&T code. Since the BSD variants are not certified as compliant with the Single UNIX Specification (except for Mac OS X 10.5 Leopard), they are referred to as "UNIX-'like'".
Most vendors of open source Unix-like systems do not seek UNIX branding for their product even if conformant: the costs for certification are generally considered prohibitive. The term Freenix is sometimes used to refer to such systems. Current examples include GNU, Linux, Minix, OpenSolaris, Plan 9, and BSD and its descendents. Notable BSD operating systems include FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD.
There are a number of current proprietary Unix and Unix-likes, including AIX; HP-UX; IRIX; Mac OS X 10.0 (Cheetah) -10.5 (Leopard); LynxOS; QNX; SCO OpenServer; Solaris; Tru64 UNIX (based on OSF/1); UnixWare and Xenix.


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Nassau County Review 19020103
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\m-*w->y'" ' -^iJ^^i Ifa^^att l^ntintii Betaieto. A rAMII.T MEWSl'APBR OT LOCAI. AKD GKXKRAL INTKLI^IOKMCK. Tiaaa: slm tsaut i»abta«i» FREEPORT, N. Y., FRIDAY, JANUARY 3, 1902. NO. 10.~ -J BHiHa Inadnat Haliaf and Parmanant Ctw In AH Caaaa aun ABBOLUTJMP tane oh udobift or postal. D ASeaHS ITJUHLT. Tksps II aotUng Uke Asthmsleno. Il Isriafls Instant lelM, eren in the worst casM. It sons wben aUebw fails. The Ra*. <X V.Wtlia.or VUIa tMge, III., ssrs •Toac trial boMlaar Asthasalaat ranlTnl in eao< jptaanita. I caaadt laU 70a how tJiankral t faal tartfcacBeSStsinSftaasH. I was a slaTs, chaintd 'wttharaWMascathtaataaSattkau for tta years ISaseaitaSafavarbaiasaaraS. I aaw joor tdTsr- llsiwial fat Iha Sara of this JwaJfal aad lormsiit. lag Missis, AtUaa, aaS lhaa|hl jroa bad orer igsasa juaimdtm, bat rttol*ad lo (Its it a Irial Te my aatsalthaMat, Iha trial actad lik« a charm SsaS OM a rall^.<isa hatUa." Rt*. Dr. Matvtt Wtehtlor. ¦ahM ef Iht Cboe. Baal IsrssL Nsw Yoaa, Jaa. ), koi. Oaa. Tas* ¦aos'. MaDiciaa Co., Oaatltataai Yaar Aalhaiatsa* Is aa sxesllcai ftaitSy fbr Aathaa aad Haj Farsr, and iu compos- Ulaa tUaaiatta tU treeMtt wblch combina with Asihwa. lit saaetat la attoalabtag and wondsrful Afttf htvlag h cartfallr aaalysad, ws can state that Asthwalaat toatalaa ao opinm, morphloa chleref oras es athsr. Vary Iraly joara, MKV. DR. MORRIS WRCHSLBR. Avoa Sprlofa, N. Y., Fsb. 1,1911. I~I wrist this tasciaoaal fniM a aaaaa efdalr.ba'inK tstlad iha wonderful cftcc far tbt ten of Aathaia. Mj wlfa kaa bsaa aaictad Willi spasmodic amhrni u—¦ .. ..,j |^_ ^^1^^ ^^m ^ ^^1 ^j many others. 1 chsiiced lo le* ttrtti, Rtw Yark. I at oaea obuined a bolU. of Aillima. etaiwaatsS taklagll theat Iba sm af Nartaihar. 1 eery aoon noticed > rsdica Aftar aslag aat eatlla kat aathaia haa SiaapMsred and she Is sntlrelr free from I ftal iSatTtaa seaaiataaltr rttoataifaid Iht msdicias lo sll who srs siSI ¦adicii Yeafs tatpactfallr. icted wilb O. D. PHKLPS. If. r I Kastcnm Co. ^ Feb: j, 1901. I wsa UoaUail with aathaia for ts raasa. 1 basa tried nnmeroas remedies, bnl 1 ras across year advtrtlttiatat and alartad wllh a trial bottle. 1 found re. J . 1—J .^.. -¦--•^—lie, sod! aa arer (ratefal. I bare tsmily I aia now la tbe best of health and sm doii riiu BOTTii suT tMdiamv rau oa aEcciPT of potui. i9aaU aaag. write st oaos, sddfaadaK DB. TATT BBOi). KEDIOTne OU., lank St., M. Y. ORy. ^¥ SoM by all Drunlsts. iWkii ¦ olamlsknnl 'SSSdMlMM Rubber Stamps « 1 ANY SIZE, ANY TYPE nk ena be seen at the Bctisw oflloe, or I wiU call npon reqneet. The ap tima 80 oania, for wkieh a one-line stamp three inohea wide and \ dasp tan ba asooftiL Flfteea cenU for each additional line. Esti- ^^ _^^ ^ danajdwdoa spatial desifBS. Btampa gnaranteed to be aa ordered; prompt ^ MhMr> Also osasnppljr roa with aaytklas In the line of '> «JM(K ^tAiin. BRASS WHBBL DATBR5. BURNING BRANDS, NOTAWAI. SBALSt POCKBt 8TAnP5. RUBBER TYPE, RUBBER STAMP PADS AND INK R MM AffD PENCIL STAMPS, RUBBER TYPE DATERS. STENCILS. », BNAMBL LETTERS AND SIGNS irfWHCtt. INK AND BRUSHES, STAMP RACKS. SIQN MARKERS, ^-^ STAMP RACKS, WAX AEALS. Etc * SflHTH R PEARSALL Conntr Beriew boildlng. Loeal telephtme, 48; Ijong Dlatsnce, I NOTARY PUBUC, NASSAU COUNTY (WITH SEAL) ANY HEAD NOISES? ALL CASES OF DEAFNESS OR HARD HEARING ARB NOW CURABLE ky tar new inventlan. Only tkoae bwa dssf trs inearsble. ' HUD NOISES GEA8E IMMEOIATELy. 9a A. WSMPARt or BALTIMOm, CAVt 1 Bat-Tnaoaa. Md., March yt, leai. , thaaks lo yoar Ircatacat, 1 will oow five ynu , and this kept oa (citing worse, until I lost hat luld _ t B»eo»ha. without any tuctcsa, consullol a tal phyaMaaai auioog elhata, ths laoat emioent cat apcciallst of tliia city, who iold i~ ^ an iTpenillna conia help inc. * '¦ "¦ ••—••¦-¦—.•—'— y siTStwTSllna ^CTilj'*hcVr>"inc."imd e«n Ibiat only tcaiiiorarily, ihal the head uoiscs wi i ctaat, hut the hcariua la Ihc aSccted ear wouM be lost furrver. inicit atwyaur adTcitiacaieat accMenially In a New York p.ipcr, and ordered your treat Mat. AlterJ hau .isea It onW a few days tecordlnulo your directions, ih. bier, piVcir d»e"»rcilts!'n"ylioatrB'it fa Ihcdisease'd'tar has been entirely tcttorcd. I thanit you atanUy aad bts la naiala Very ttuly yjura. _ , , ^ ^ |f A. WBRMAN, 730 8. Broadway. Baltimore, Md. • Ont tratfttnont doaa moI tntorfora with your itaual oecupation. ¦"SRUSflKr YOU CAI CURE YOURSELF AT HOIIIE ••".-it'^ WmMTHmAl AURAL CUMC^ 596 U MUE AVL, CHICAQO, ILL mrr the AiMfAVS RCUASLK 'v' Witaiseaa «IS-*IS Nttea tl. •reeklya WMM inaalM af c. t WAiuet. I. u tiivt. uBir i hetwhrd. j. dorlon News and Opinions OP / NsUonal Importance sAJLOM-Sl / CONTAINS BOTH ^t^miii a ISifMr IMi «K SM^iy. b| ¦'! M • INI The Sunday 5un ItSs li IlM vvrii ^ICtpfa •|Mil,|2t|Mr John P. Wright QENERAL AUCTIUNEER rroapart. M. Y E. A. Dorlon BONDED AUCTIONEER FraaeoK. M. Y. SERMONS lit tiie REV. DR. NEWEU DWKNT HiLUS aaooeeaiir to HeBi7 Ward Beech«r, of nyaaonth Chnroh, snd CARHML CSSOilS of BaMsMse. Md.. are pobliahed tn the Monday Edition or the Brooklyn Eagle a 5alM f>a«aa al SUBagiapMc rat imtenrTiM mtt m *iu it iijo SAMFUW ON RKOUOST ranaar Klllad hy Maakad Maa. Peter A. Uallenbeck. a prosperous fanner of Greendale, Columbus Coun¬ ty, waa called to bis door and sbot llead by four masked ui«n, wbo tben vented their rage against tbeir victim hy riddling tbe body witb bullets as It lay across the threshold. Revenge for iToredosIng a mortgage on a relative Is eapposed to bave been the cause. Four younfe men are nnder arrest. Mr. Uallenbeck and ble Invalid wife nnd mother remained nt home while the other members of Ihe faiully. with the •'hireil man," went to the Christmas exercises In the Reformed Church, n short distance away. Not long nfter the departure of the parly a knock wns Iieard nt tbe front door, and Mr. Hal- lenbeck. nnsuaplclous of danger, stepped to the door and opened It, his form standing out distinctly ngainst the brightly lighted room witbln. No sooner had tbe duor swung back tban there wns a volley of reyolver shots. Mr. Hallenbeck fell with four bullets In his body. Mrs. Hallenlieck, the In¬ valid wife, was sitting In a chair with¬ in sight of the door, and as ber hus¬ band fell she snw four masked men flre repeatedly at the prostrate form until twelve bullets had Ijeen sbot Into the farmer's Imdy. The wife nnd the nged motber-ln-law screnmcd nnd tlie masked men turned nud disappeared In tbe darkness. Neighbors, attracted by the sound of the shots, gathered quickly nnd started to search for the fugitives. Mr. Hnllcnbcck foreclosed n mortgage on the home of Mrs. Es- telle Van Wormser, a distant relnllvc, a few months ngo. The family there¬ upon removed to Klnderhook. Sheriff Best bns arrested fonr men on suepl clon. Three of them were nephews of the miirderi'd mnn. They nre Berton Vnn Wornier, Willis Van 'Woriner and Fred Vnn VVoriucr. The fourth man Is Hnrvey Bruce, n cousin of the Van Wonners. All the prisoners are un¬ der twenty-sU yenrs of nge. Tha I'nblle hchoola of the State. Superintendent of Public Inslructlon Cbarlea It. Skinner hns completed his stntlNlleal Inbles for the school ycnr ending .Tuly 31, lIKll. The value of school properly In the State Is esll¬ innted nt JKi.niil.ftlS for the towns nnd $70.37."i,71:h for the ollles. mnklug H totnl for the Stnte of J87.2»2.414. showing nn Increase of $.'i"')23.910 over last year's estimate. In the entire Stnte there were 1.021,087 children of school age, 1.24'2,41ll attending the pub¬ lic sebuol.i. wllh an average dally at¬ tendance of 873.1.'i7. The number nt- lendhiR private schools added to the numlier registered In the public schools gives a total roglstrntlon of 1,420.144, out of n school population of 1.021.087. The totnl cost of mnlntnlning the pub¬ lic schools of the State during the past year wns $7.<!78,120 In Ihc towns nnd $28,717,148 In the cities, making n total for the State of $3«,3n."i.2(i.'), showing nn Increase In the towns of $ir)4.221 nnd In tbe cities of $2,819,558, or a to¬ tnl Increase In the expenditures for the Stnte of S2.073.778. Of this nmount S22.84o..^''i« wns expended by the City of New York nione. The average cost per pupil for mnlntnlning the schools during the pnst yenr. Iinsed on nn nv- crnge dully altendanrc, wns for the towns $2."i.82. for the cities $40.88, au nvernge for the Stnte of I41.C8. state Labor Conanilaalonar'a Raport. The cnnditlons of employment nmong inemlierB of Inbor orgnnlsatlons In New York Stnte during the quarter ending September !I0, says State La¬ bor Commissioner .Tohn McMnekln In bis quarterly bulletin, were unusually good. During the third quarter of 1801) only 2.3 per cent, of tbe trade unionists were continually Idle; last yenr .').4 per cent., nnd this ycnr 3.1 per cent. SImllnrl.v the proportion of unionists Idle nt the cud of Septem¬ ber was 4.7 per cent.. In 1899, 13.3 per rent. In 1!HX) nnd (i.O per cent. In 1001. Tlie nvernge iiuarterly enrnlngs of men In 1001 were nliout $12 more Ihan In IIHIO nnd $3 less thnn In ISIX). <!aa nnd Oil Lancia l.t03cfl. .\ gas and oil prospecldr from the western purf of New York Stnte has leased tU'iOO acres of Innd In the town¬ ship of North Ensl, Dutchess Couuty. for the purpose of opernting for oil nud gas. Tbe Innd comprises a belt ex¬ tending from the Connecticut Stnte line to Shekemekn. The dlsoeverles mnde by the prospector hnve been kept a secret. All Aronnd Ihe Statr. Rollvnr Is lo bave a uew bilik liigb school building. Bi-orkport hns n church society with n $10,000 bnnk nccouut. Nlagarn County fnriiiers got $10,000 for their sugnr beet crop. .\lleguuy Supervisors hnve voted $;17.S0 to eulnrgc the Jnll nt Belmont. .Vllegany County fanni'is liiive raised Ihelr lasl sugnr liccts. liuillng the ciiip unprolltnble. ("nsper Mcmniel. the oldest Inmate of tbe Soldiers' Home ai Bntb. Is dead, 'jgi'd ulnely-elght. t>tl(ians loTads Kuaala. Belgians have swaniu-d into Hiiiwin dur ing the last ten years, and now they con trol there Iweiilytwo street car line* thirty seven steel and iron factories, four leon coal mines, three f.\s works and sev eral less imiiortant f.ulories, the total cap ital being iiioie than flTO.Iliiii.iKm, of whirl 14«,ngo.lliW have U-en subscnlied by He! gians. Ill ihesc various enterprises 133". Bclinsn engineers are emiiloved and niosI of the Morkiiien also hail from Belsiuiu. SO YKARS* CXPimCNCB Patent iM«l«S Ocamns CorramHTS Ae. Annat saaatae a skalrii aa4 daatrlMloa njsT aalonT asctrtala our otilaloa fraa vhsttisr au lavsatlon Is probablr patsntabls. Conmunlra. lions stnctlvoonSdtiitlaL Ifaodbook aai Pateioa sant trex OMssI aaaaey forsscnrlna PaUnls. Pataola lakaa taroaali Mana A Co. racalTC mtMatUit, atthoat^am. la thii Sdnilific Jfoiericaiie ealattan ol aar Mtanuae loamaL Tefaia.tla JSlitSSPSm-*^ sAarSloaaadaalarj^ <ili&ia-;r:iJteRrt NE.W E.DITION Webster's Int ernaiional Dictionary New Flctea Threufhout 25.000 New Words Phraaea and Doflnlllana Ptcparrd under the direct super- viakm of W. T. 11 ARRIS.Ph.D.,LUD., UniUd Stales Commitsioiicr of Edu¬ cation, aaaiatcd by a large corps of competent apecialUta and editor*. l^.lcK &ladlakaa « 3>*4 Paaaa Saar^llwatrallaBa ¦^Mr IkTlmie'^liltieietl mtttrtl tttmedim tSta. ,a.re,^iVli'~t''.*'-''ifl "' .v>t,.«^m.— ^Ila rmttemtr:,m.JS Ot: tkt tmteit .md t Tit .'-n,- E^mtem lett ¦Via t\ta aabUah Weba<ar-8 CoUcsiaia Dktiaaaiy wMh GkiasarTaf ScMtiahWnr^ aad l*hras««. ~ FmsI cl«»« in soaliTT, s«.-«<»a claaa ta sisc." asiJii tt papea, m. at Wwh haaks atx oo ifelltstisa O.OC Mairiam Ca. Pwhilakare agttttgtlald 0 Mmam. lite is a Mflseled show, thia eartb the ring. Our vast uplifted tent the azure sky; Time, the riagniaster, marks us with his eye, Unfurls his lash and leta us feel ita sting. Wealth is the carpe;t the attendants bring To ease our bones; we leap and hear the cry Of quick approval; then with courage high We dance a measure, draw the bow, or n, *'"*' We mount our hobbie.i, and we have our falls, We pierce the papered hoops of pleasure through; The light and music of the scene enthralls Wu love our flimsy skirts of pink and blue Yet when the monitor inaistent calla VVe make our exit through the canvaj walla. —Isabel Ritchie, in the Boston Budget. /'"V LAKA stirred drowsily nnd I / iMirtlall} lifted ber sleepy eyc- VJv/ lids. She would hnve been off ng.ilu In n moment had sbe not heard her father's voice nt the back door Just tben saying loudly; "Where's CInra? (Jone to bed? Well, let's call her. She'd much rather see bim now thnn wait till morning. I'll be bound." Clnrn wns wide nwnke In on Instant theu, and bad Jumped out of bed nnd was hurrying Into her clothes before her mother could wnlk half way to the bed room door. Her fnther stood by Ihe kltcheu stove wben she came out ind held something tucked up snugly under tbe ample folds of his double- breasted coat. "Clara," he said, "If you were to be allowed to select some nnlmal (or n pet, what would you choose'/" This question wns so uuexpected that It almost staggered Clara for a mo¬ ment, but presently she regained her wits and nnswered meekly: "I—I don't Just know, but I think I'd rnther hnvc n zcbrn tlinu nny- Ihlng else. If It'a nil the same to you," Clnra had that day beeu looking over the pictures lu n unturnl history, and It seemed to her that of nil nnlmuls a zebra would be most deslrnble. If Clnra bnd been suriirlscd at ber father's question, he \<ns still more astonished nt her reply.j, "A zebra'/" ho e.xclnlmed. "(.rent Caesar, Clnrn. where would you keep him? I'm sorry, liitle girl, that I ean't satisfy you In thnt particular, but I have somethiug to offer In his itead. This nnlmal Isn't quite so large as a zebra, I'or quite so stripi'd. hut maybe he'll do. AVnnt to sec him?" Clnrn nodded nnd Mr. Hnrris threw back bis coat aud set down on the Boor n very little animal clolbcil In reddish-brown fur, nud set off wllh the bushiest of busby tnlls. the shflip- tst of sharp noses and cars, nud the brightest of bright eyes. The little fellow, baviug found that the freedom of tbe whole floor wns his, darted nim¬ bly Into tlTg farthest corner and looked It Clara snuclly. "0-o-oh!" she cried; "I never snw anything like blui before. What Is be, papa ?" "Well, well," said Mr Hnrris, "Is It possible thnt you hnve beeu banging Dver that onlinnl book day In and day ->-' M "UAWT LITTLE TBICKS." out and can't tell whnt tbis Is? 'Why. It's a fox—a bnliy fox. Ills mother wns ruu lu ut the big buut today. Just as we cniue to tlif niuud-iip. I happened to lie near ber Inir wheu wns driven out. This pmir Ilttio chap was unable to keep up wllh ber. and when 1 found l.iiii he was sill lug lu n clump of wild blackberry bushes, crying for all he v.as worlh. II seems too bad to see a liaby desirted. eveu If be Is only u fox. and I felt su son y for Ihe little fellow Iliat I picked blin up nnd look liliu along. Whai shall I do with bim? Do you waul to kei'ii bim?" Clara was ciyiug so bitterly in syiii- patby wllh the forlorn cumlition of III.' uiolbcrbss Utile d'cnluie lu Ilie cor¬ ner that she could iKt answer at Hist. But presi'Ully sbe lejaiucd control of ber voice, and "We'll call bim Ullly.' she suid, lii'ukculy. Clara advanred n step n.w aid the frightened niiiiiial and km It down nml spoki' to, llini softly. "I'diiie. Hilly; come, Billy " Bill geutle liiiiugh lur tones and seduclive the iiivitiillou. Billy, who was iKcd to fi.x laumiage. lu which he bad piiiluili'y liccii ad¬ dressed by n niiiiic more cuiihonkuis thau "Billy," evidently did nut umler- Etnnd nud refused lo respoud. "1 exiiect Ilial be Is biiujiry," |iiil lu Clara's praclicul niotlier at this point. 'Tut some uiilU iu a saucer. aud sec If he will drink it." The milk was brought aud pinoed before him. aud Clara soou fouud lo her delight that Billy's slouiarh wns In till' right place, even if his heait and luiillect were a Utile out of kll ter. Like most of bis sn of » halever i order Ilf I icatlou. Billy's nfredlons weie easily w.u by catering to bis np lietlte. und as socu as he realized Ih. sincerity ot the inicniloiis ibal Iiml | been luvislieil cpon bim Ibat cveuin-; his bean warmed with grulltudi', 'lud be signified by many si~us of recon- dilation that be was arxlous to put Ihelr acquaintance on a basis of friend¬ ship. liiily was foud ot Mr. aud Mrs. Har¬ ris in a wuy. but bis atluibiucut to CUra was uiii*.l dcvote»l. He would answer no caU but hers aud would I eat from uo hand but bers Ouic wheu ' tbe w.'UI lu ber graodiuclbi is for a two days' visit Billy fasif.l from the | time she went away uulil she iiiiiie ] back. iK'cause be i-ould uot bring him¬ aelf to eat the food given him by auy one else. As the weeks passed by Hilly pcjved , to bv quite a clever little fellow. His i fame spread Ibrougho.it the conqtry ' tidr. and iHople came for miles nrouud : to tee Uw. But Billy wus thy lu tbe aoMSci at (VUftn. asd when caiud I upon to show off bis cbarmlng ways and perform tbe many little tricks Clara bad tanght him be would run aud bide under the bam, wbicb was his favorite retreat In time of danger. It taxed Clara's persuaslre powers to the utmost to coax bim ont on aucb occasions, but be always relented fln¬ nlly, and crept fortb in response to ber gentle "Come, Billy. Come, Billy." Theu be would cuddle down lu bei arms and caress her with bis little red tongue, giving all the while bis sbort, quick barks of anxiety, and altogether ivould conduct himself so admirably that visitors would go away charmed with the exhibition. At sucb times ns these Clara thrilled with mortlflca- tlou to think tbat sbe bad ever beeu eo base ag to choose a lebra for a pet lu preference to Billy. And Billy was not only cunning, be was good as well. He wisely refrained from catching chickens, wbicb Is the besetting sin of bla race, and he did uot bite people—as a rule. Indeed, the only person be ever fastened big sharp wblte teeth npon witb malevolent In¬ tentions was the county treasurer, wbo drove all the way over from Batavia to see bim, nnd then dared to presume 80 fnr upon his Importance as an office¬ holder, as to twist Billy's tall—a fa¬ miliarity wblch Billy very properly resented. For four months or more after Join- lug the Harris family, Billy slept In a bed made expressly for bim In a coruer of the sitting room. Tbere ean»;> a dny, however, when Mr. Harris de¬ clared that Billy was too big for so much coddling, and tbat be must sleep la the bam with the other animals. The drst night of bis banishment Billy cried constantly, and Clara, bearing him, wept and walled In sympathy. Tbe second night he rested but Uttle better, nor yet on the third night nor the fourth. A week passed, and Bil¬ ly's dnys and nights were oue long period of mourulug. Clara pleaded, but Mr. Harris was obdurate. "He might as well be brukeu lu uow as any time," be said, decisively. Clnra made plans ot ber own then. "You poor little darling," she mur¬ mured tenderly Iuto Billy's ear, "you're dead for waut of sleep, that's wbat you nic. I'll llx you. I'd be afrold to go clenr down to the barn for you after dark, but If you'll keep reni still I cau put yon In the kitchen well curb. Nobody will think of looking for you there. They'll think you've run awny, and when they've quit lokolug for you nnd gone lo bed, 1 cau slip out and get you nnd tnke you lu, nnd tbeu you'll get one night's rest, nnywny." The kitchen well curb wns a grent wooden frame nbout tour feet high, provided on Iho Inside with a trnp door, which was nlwnys put down when the work ot the evening was over. Clnrn wnlted until bedtime drew uear, then sbe slipped out Into tbe twi¬ light, and nfter giving Billy a reas¬ suring hug and kiss, she reached over and dropped him Inside the curb. She waited a moment after throwing hIra In, expecting to hear his soft body^ fnll on the trnp door with a little thud.' The thud seemed a long time coming, aud wben It did come. It wag not a I hud nt nil, but a faint, far-away splnsh. "O-o-oli!" wnlled Clara, wildly; "tbe trap door was o-o-open. He's gone clea-en-eur dow-ow-own. Hc-e-elp! Ue-e-elp!" "I meant to put Billy to sleep, I felt so sorry for him," she sobbed In cxpla- nnllon, when ber fnther and mother nnd Mr. nud .Mrs. Butler came rushing out to lenru tho cause of her frantic screams. "He's In the we-e-el. Oh, Billy, denr, dear Blllyl Did I hurt you? Get bliu ou-ou-out, somebody, quick." Long lines nnd grnppling hooks were brought In bnste aud tbe angling for Billy wns prosecuted tirelessly nnd uncenslngly. About midnight they fetched lilm up from tlic depths of the clenr, cold wnter. But Billy hnd been asleep for severnl hours then.—Emma E. Wise, In the Chicago Ilecord-Uerald. CLOSE RANGE SEA FIGHTS ErPECTIVE DISTANCE IS UNDER A MILE AS OF OLD. CHESTERBPOOK. now a Blue Grass Stock Farm Wat MaUa In FaanajlTanla. It seems odd thnt In Eastern Pcnn- sylvanln there should be a tarm so Ihorougbly nnd luxurlautly set lu blue grass as to excite the envy of Ken- tucklanR:yot more than one son of thnt splendid Innd of fnir women and flne horses hns enst covetous and lingering eyes upon tbe richly verdant turf of Chesterbrook. the stock farm of Alex- nudir .T. Cnsantt, President of the rennsylvnnia llallrond, which Is lo- laiod In Cliester County. Pennsylvania, uveiity mills west of Pblladelphln. It rovers au nren of TO) acres, every ncre of which, except six. Is permanently set iu grass. Tho nelds were first set In blue grass twenty yenrs ngo, wheu Mr. Casaatt nciiulriHl the property, and nearly all lit tbom have remained unfnllowed since. But it has required much per- sovornnie nnd unremitting labor to Pioduco tbe ningniflccnt turf of to¬ day. Kvery year since tbat date ono lield has been tienlod to a sowing of Mvo qiiaits of timothy, one quart of alsiko and oiio quart of red elover per acre. This Is fown broadcast on tbe snow in Into Keliruary, or enrly Murcb, Just us tbo pores of the earth nre opoiiiug -wllb tbe first thaw. Wben the turf Is froo of snow the chain har¬ row Is passed over It to loosen the grass, aud then It Is rolled. A top- diessing wilh the mnnure spreader Is ndmiiilslered every spring uud fall, and evoiy fonr yenrs nn application of forly bushels of lime to the ncre Is iiiiuio. Tho grnsF. both lu qunntify mill quallly Is Improving each senson, ll yli Ids about one nnd a half tons cf imy i»er acre, and nfTors grand pas- inrauo n week after tbo hnrvest. Two linndiod nnd sixty-seven tons of hay Were- housed fronl a portion of the farm this season apart from the pas- lurage affcirdod over 200 horses, 150 slic^p. forly cows nnd fifty bullocks.— Couutry Life In America. tollable MouralBK. Sadie had tied a largo red hair rib- Wiu al'out her arm. bad hung au old plum colored veil over hor crimson ninsbroom hat and had wrapped ber- si-lf in a cust-oCf shunl of a hue to uia Icb. Hor small brother lotiked at her with scimo curiosity. "What are yuh doln" th.nl for?" "I'm a widow, and I'm lu mourning for iur husliaud what's dead." ".Vli. but yuh silly, yuh- people don't Wear ri>d when they're iu muumlugr' That "stumii»-d" Sadie for some time. Sbe spent the next five minutes sweep¬ ing up au.l down the room with a sol- ou;uliy that was hotly tinged wllh In¬ dignation. Bot finally a sudden beam of Inspiration shone forth npon ber fare. "Hub! mebbe yon wouldn't think yonraeU ao smart !f I telled yon what my husband died of." ".ih. what'd he die of?" "He died of scarlet ferer." — Kew Tark CoDunardal A4Tsrtlaaa- Basalt of IOO Vears af Progreat la Gaat and Armor -. Naval Architect Bays tha Plghtlne DIttaaat at 'Waadsa Vassals Most Come Baek la Modem Comhal. Nnvnl progress of the last ten years Is summarized by J. F. Meigs, ot tbe Americnn Society ot Navnl Architects and Marino Engineers, as follows: To sunimsrlze results It may be said that In the pnst ten yenrs by Ibe use ot lietter mixtures, by Improved hent trentment ond by very marked Improvement In fnce burdening, the power ot armor of a fixed thickness to resist penetration has been Increosed nbout forty per cent., while Its power to resist cracking has been Incrensed In even greater degree. This bas been taken advantage of In large measure In a reduction of the thickness of ar¬ mor plate on a ship's side. The totnl weigbt of armor carried Is not less than formerly, nnd, Indeed, It Is per- Imps greater than It was, but It Is more spread out. and, while the pro¬ tection on tbe vital parts Is as good nnd iierhnps better tban It ¦was, there Is now some weight lu armor left to cover parts that formerly were with¬ out protection. Oun steel nlso—and In speaking of gun steel wc may Include the steel for shafting ns well—bas beAi materlnlly Improved In the period under review. The shutting steel now going iuto ships Is very much stronger than tbnt which WHS used teu years ogo. It Is, Indeed, perhaps quite seventy or eighty lier cent, stronger thou the former material. The advance In guu steel has not been so marked, because ten yenrs ngo tbe purchasers ot gun steel wnuted on elastic strength ot alwut lO.lWO pouuds, whereas ouly 28,000 or 30,000 pounds was asked for In shaft¬ ing. Now they botb run 50,000 pounds or even more. Tbe noted advance In the strength ot guu steel has not been followed by a reduction In the thlek- uess ot gun's walls. Indeed, tho gun's thickness Is rather greater perhnps thnn It wns, aud the Incrensed strength serves only as nu nddltlounl guarautee agnlust disoster. When we come to whnt mny be called the tactlcnl nspeets ot guns nud ormor, we flud nlso mnterlnl changes. The qunlily ot the gun steel and of the armor, ns Is sinted above, hns nd- vnuced by perhaps forty per cent., aud full ndvnntnge bns been tnken of this lu design. Tbo modlllcntlous lu de¬ sign which have como about hnvc been uunierons. The armor Is more dIstrlliutiHl. It hns come to be recog- ulzcd that unprotected guns hnvo no cbnuce. nnd thnt (i-luch nnd 12 Inch guns should be protected respectively, by iMncli nnd ri-lueh nrnior. It should be noted tbnt this menns. If battle ships nre to penetrate ench other, tbat ships must approach witb¬ ln 11X10 yards' rauge In combat. This brings us back to the fightiug range of old wooden ships very near¬ ly, for tbey hnd to uiiproach within ubout 000 or 700 yards; uud, wben you consider thnt n buttle ship's ti-lnch guus must bsve uoriunl Impact to perforate the nrmor protecting Ihc 0- Inch guus ot their opponents at 800 or 1000 yards. It mny be said thnt tho fightiug rnnge ot ships bos not so very mnterlnlly nltered lu the past hundred years. Whnt Is here said mny perhaps be combated, but, as 2'2(I0 feet velocity In a C-lncli projec- lllc will not, even with uormal Im¬ pact, cnrry It through 0-Inch armor, nor will 2(HKt feet carry a 12-lucli pro¬ jectile througb 12 inch nrmor under like circumstnuces. It follows, wben the vast prepondernnco of oblique Im- pncts Is considered, thnt ships must light wllhln 1000 yards. rinolly, In closing, I want to bring forward. In order fo more definitely determine the coming rouge ot naval combat, Ibc fact tbnt there Is one of Its ruling factors which remains con¬ stant for all lliue. This Is the ac¬ curacy nud dellcncy of the flrer's eyes nnd uerves. It a man cun appreciate four Intervals lu a second, and If the firiug upparntus put Into his hnnds Is lustnntaneous lu action, be cnu bit a ship flflw'u teet high, nt a rnuge ot ubout 1000 ynrds, wheu his own gun is swinging. In rolling, nt nn angular rnte ot ono degree per second. This I'ouslderntlou, ot course, rcmnlus fixed tor nil time. Anotbor Imporinut con- sldorntlon Is wbat Is usually called the "danger" space. Wllh luedliiiu calibres, wllh 2000 feet velocity. Hie danger space Is 110(1 yards. That Is to say. Hie guu Is ludopendont of the range, ns tho trujootory Is so nonrly flat nt Ihnt dlslnnce. The uew guns uow com¬ ing ulong, having .'KKK) fwt velocity, bnvo a grentor dnnger space with ex¬ isting inigots, and nre tlierefore In¬ dependent of tbo rauge up to lUOO or l-loii ynrds. Whother It Is better lo use a 7-luch or 7.5-luch guu on the sajuo weight ns the riO-enllbre 0-Inch guu. that Is, uliout 18.(KKi pouuds. lu the sccouduiy linltory of liaiilcHbips, Is one of the pressing iiuestlons of tbo clay. If the 7-lnob or 7.5-Inch gun has its weigbt Increased proportionately It will, of oourfo. be liottor than tbe il-lncb, ox copt Ibal lis rule of Uro will bo less from the weight ot Its shot, but. It we take the larger cnllbrod guu nud accept u somewhat lower velocity, wblle using tbe benvler nnd larger sbot nnd Ibo sume tcilul weigbt In the gun and carriage, It mny woll be ar guod that Iho Inrger gun Is tho bet¬ ter. Ou the other band, bigh velocity gives nlwnys nu Indi'iH'udonce of the range ut gvcnter disinnces. and gives nlways greater ptuotratlon. Tbe de¬ signer of uaval ships Is Ibercfore on the horns of a dlloninin with regaril to the lialtory of tho ship, ns Indeed be must be wllb regard to pretly mucb nil of her elemonls, aud he must be guided by Judgment und liy n careful linlnncing of conditions, so that upoo Ilio whole, nnd In the circumstnuces most likely to occur, tbo ship bo pro- duii's will be able to give a goul ac¬ count of herself. Fraore the (.and of the Doc. .\louR Wilb Uio siatomout thai the IKij.Illation of Kianco lias U'eu falliug off iu rc'.'oiil years conies anolber par- ngrapli which says that, accordlug to recent dog census of Eurojie. France hus more dogs lu proiwrtion to Ils In- habiiaiils than nuy other country un Uio com incul, the number being 2.S04.- laai This Is an average of about one aud ooe-half dogs to every ten Inhab¬ itants. wbo:eas lu (ieriuany, for in- siauie, Ibe proiwrtlon Is about one and one fourth dog to every len |x'r»ons. IM being thus long on dogs aud short oo human U'lnga France seems to be singularly untoriuuaie. ll will give a chance for her rncmles to say sbe Is going to the dogs aud tie telling tbe truth abont It. too —I.eslle't Weekly. Tbe only ex.-rclae some people get IS wbeu they run up bills. And evea Ihen tbey don't e«crclfe tbeDtclvff Badi (beat IL THE DROUTH IN THEWESI Cop'ous Rains or Snow Needed in Missouri and KansaSi FARMERS FEAR CROP LOSSES One Etrecl or tha l>raath Is That Iht F««- l>l« Bny Neceasarias Oalj, Althonah tht Hank Daposlls Art larga—Iterchanb Complain of a Laoh ot Buslaess—Tb< Coal SllnaUon Barloas. Knnsas City, Mo.—In parte of Mis sourl and Kansas the drought of sum mer has not yet been offset by a suf flcently large rainfall to give the farm ers complete confidence lu next season') prospect. The Weather Bureau report! show tbnt only half the normal preclp Itntlon of the yeor has fallen. Ir Central and Western Missouri anc Ensleru Kansas there bas been thf same lack of moisture. Tbe ponds anc creeks wbicli hnve ordlnarly furnished plenty of water for stock, have been dry through tbe latter part of tbe fall. Farmera bnve hauled water loug dis¬ tances. In Uic smaller towns tbe wells ¦ire low, nnd some of the larger streams are lower than ever before remem¬ bered. The wbeat belt of Kansas ts still lu fair conditiou. Tbe wheat baaji>een pasture<l closer thnn ever before^" be¬ cause of the lack ot bay and corn. Wheat made such a good growth In tbe enrly fall that it baa been carried through witbout suffering, and there Is yet plenty ot tlraeforralns and snows before tbe crops will suffer. But the ground Is so thoroughly dry that on uuusually large amount of moisture will be needed for next season. The effect of tbe autumn drought has been to make tbe people of the sections affected economical to an ex¬ treme degree, and merchants complain ot o lack of business. Tbe same com¬ plaint Is coming from the corn regions generally. The Inck ot cottle-feedtug Is lielng seen In such ways as tbe buy¬ ing ot luxuries, notable a year ago lu all Hues ot trade. Tbe people have money, tbe bank deposits are large, but tbey ore not spending It, except for necessaries. COAL rAMINE IM TBR WC8T. Fuel Supply al Law Ebb—Ballrqail Shops Closing and Enalnes Short. Chicago. 111.—The shortage of bl- lumlnous coal here bns attained a seri¬ ous aspect, nnd threatens to lie up mnny of tbe rnllroads to a maN'rlal ."Xteul, It relief Is not forthcoming very sooiv. Ensleru rnllroads hnve not been able to handle conl shipped over their lines since the close of lake navigation. They hnve ni cars, nnd those they do Hnd to load ¦with eonl cannot be moved, .in nccouiit of Inck of motive power, mnny engines lielng crippled since Ibe cold weather set In. Western ronds. ns n result ot this condition, nre suffering Intensely. The coal-bunkera ill nlnng the lines are short of fuel supplies, nnd engines tnke only what Is necessary to run them on the clos- !>st margin. Cool piles nt wnltlug sta¬ tions tlirougbout the West, oud prin¬ cipally the Northwest, nre at o low ebb. The Burlington Railway shops at .luroro. III., arc nbout to close some depnrtmeuts on nccount of no coal, ind engines that fuel there arc threat- ?nod with absolute famlue. Similar reporU nre beard from the Cblcogo, Mllwoukee nud St. Poul, tbe North¬ western, and uenrly all the other lines running out of here. The cold weath¬ er bns sont many engines on Western i-onds to rne shops, ond conl under contrnct thnt walls shipment Into the Northwest cannot lie moved. It Is ex¬ pected thnt Western rallroods will prc- vnll In body npou tbe Eastern lines to ceutre oil iMisslble efforts on sending conl forward to this city. It they can¬ uot lie persuaded to do this, there will not be a wheel turning In many of tbe mills and factories between here and MInnenpulls, and fewer trnlns will be runuiug. Car Famlaa la North Dakata. Bismarck, N. 1).—The car famine in North Dakota Is distressing. Eleva¬ tors are full lo the brim. On the Ureal Northern Line oil vocant buildings are fliled with wheat and flax, nnd for two weeks farmers have been unable to sell bushel groin, as elevator meu have no plnce to store It. Tbey cannot get cars to ship to mnke room. BURCHER ALLIES OF BRITISH. A Mew Corpa ot Boata Being Foraaed la South Africa. Protorln. South Afrlcu.—The forma¬ tion of II uew burgher corps, to* be knowu as Nutloual Scouts, has oroused grent Interest nmong the surrendered burghers. In view of numerous meet- lugs and applications, (lencrnl Kltcb- ouor bns uuthorlzed tbe creation uf fresh wings to operate In the Southern nud Eastern Transvaal, umler proml¬ uont Boer lenders elected by the bur- glioi's themselves. It Is stntcd thnt much ot the receut success of tho Hrltlsh Is due to the co-opernllou of Celller's nnd Croiije's ninimauds, acting under Oeneral Ili'iic«i Hamilton. Fluel nation In Wheat Frlcas. Whent iirlccs hnve fluctuated within narrow limits, aud after a slight de¬ cline show little net chauge for the Hoi'k. The luovement of spring wheal lins fnllen off, und there has beeu a conlUiuance of the previously noted small oiiiflow ot winter wheat from piiiduclug Bcclloua. Kxtremely cold vvoatber lu tbe .Northwest aud the scnrclty of motive power or ot cnrs liuvc restricted shipments. Slew His Mother With aa Aa. Alio .Nolsiin. au old resident of Tay¬ lor's Kails. .MInu.. has been taken Iuto cusiody. charged with killing bis niollier. eighty years old, by spllttlug lier bend opeu with au nx. Hc was w'cnk-mludeil. but was considered linrinless. He was alone wllb bl. niotber at tbe time. Workmen Killed by a atael Craae. Thr(>e mou were killed and many woro Injured by Ihe tailing ot a largi sioel crane at the American Brldgt Works lu Chicago. heaor Ijapet Uaaged at Manila. Souor lAiptii. wbo was arretted lo Katnugns I'nivliiece for treasonable commuulcndou wllb the Insurgents, waa hanged nt .Manila. P. I. He wai a brothn- of Sixto Lopez. Agulnaldo't Kuriiiiean roproscutatlve. and a wealthy mercbaut lu Manila and Ba taugas. A McKluley Menarlal Faad Waralaa. Tbe .Mckinley .National Memorial .Association baa Issued a atatement Id dlsconragement of commercial euter prises for tue raising of funds for tb» assoclallou. Caw Uraned Boy ta HU Paath. Jauios I'uAer. twelve yeara uf age. was killed on tb. farm of William Keuocdy. at Engllahtuwn. N. i. Tbt Isiy was leading a cow by a rope, nuil tied tbe end of tbe rope about bla ivaist. Tbe cow took frlfbt and Iwlted, nnd tbe lad was koorked down and dragged over aonyardt Blver aisfhttl aataad. The steaiurr Hnn «'aa tamed to tba waier'a etlge while lying la tbe barbor a I .Memphis, Tenn. Tbere ware llfieirn pateeocert oa board, and ttrte ol tben VtMw harpe4i to taaOk- SHOT DOWN IN A TRAIN Rich Planter Led in the Killing of an Inoflensive Passer.gfer. Atsallanis Held Vp Ihe EncVaaar and Ka- caprd on theLoeoinotlTe—Caplared Near Home of Ibe Leader. .Memphis. Tenn.—Three men, headed by Ashley Cocke, a wcnilhy planter from Cleveland, deliberately kllle«l M. Ulica, a passenger ou a north-bound Vnzoo and .Mississippi Valley train. Just out of U'lnnd, Miss., and then compelled the engiue driver lo UU' couple the locomotive and carry them further up the road, where they hoped to escape. All were captured aeveral hours later. Cocke was occomponled by A. M. Phlpps, postmaster at Shelby. Miss.; Tom Lauderdale, a relative of Phlpps, nnd another man named BInckman. Cocke had a revolver, Blackman and Lauderdale carried rifles and Phlpps was unarmed. When they boarded tbe train at Le- land to go to Shelby, J. M. Rbcn, a rail¬ road engine driver, of VIcksburg, was on his way to Tutwller to take au en¬ gine. He was asleep wben Phlpps stumbled over him, awaking btm. After a discussion the four men told Rhea that be would have to get out ot the car. Rhea sow that the men were npparently Intoxicated and started to obey them. As he reached the doot the three nrmed men flred on him and he fell, pierced by three bullets. The train then returned to Leland with Rhea's body. Oeorge Mrf.ougblln, a conductor; went In scorch of policemen, who ar¬ rived In time to arrest Phlpps. Mean¬ while Cocke and the other two men went np to the engine driver, covered him with their weapons, made bim uncouple his engine and carry them to Shelby. There tbe three men took an¬ other train and went to Cleveland, where they were oil arrested. Indig¬ nation Is Intense, especially against Cocke, whose exploits have mnde bim notorious. Hc killed a negro only a few dnys ago. FATALITIES FROM FLOODS. Blen Lose Their Lives in OeorgIa a»A Virginia—FaUl Train Wreck. Philadelphia, Penn. — Reports from nil parts of Enstern Pennsylvania showed thnt the rivers and creeks which became greatly awollen os a re¬ sult of two days' continuous rain hnvc fallen. Although considerable damogc has beeu done, the losses will not bo great, most ot the flooded areas lielng low Innds along the Upper Schuylkill. Lehigh nnd .Susquehanna rivers. In the nnthrnelte coal district a few ot the mines wore flooded, causing o sus¬ pension of work for the day. Atlnntn, On.—Four deaths bave been c-nuRcd by violent rains lu Georgia, .Maliaiiia and Tennessee and portions ot North Caroliun, nnd much serious damnge to all kinds of property bas resulted. Three persons were drowned nt West Point, On., wblle attempting to cross tbe turbulent Cbattohoochee nnd Thomns Russell, nn engineer, was killed In tbe freight wreck caused by a wash-out n<*nr Notnsulgn. Wnter In the streets of West Point wns from one to flve feet deep. Many of the people spent the night lu Fort Tyler. Railroad trnflic wns considerably de- loyed. Pnrkcrsbui'g. W.Va.—Two men were killed, one badly Injured, on engine and four cars at tbe foot ot nn ero- linnknient, two other cars wrccke<l nnd KK) feet of track torn up as the reault ot the collision of a west-bound freight trnin against a massive rock nt No. 3 Tunnel, nenr I-ong Rnn. The engine siruck the rock Just oa tbe train cnme out of the tunnel. Tbe two men killed nre Fireman A. R. Hlle and Brnkemnn A. B. Pulnnm, liotb ot Graf¬ ton. Henvy rnlns loosened the rock, which fell across the tracks from the hillside. MURDERERS LEFT TO DIE. Tied to Trees aud Kept Tbara All Mlghk In a Fleroa Btorin. Vancouver, B. C—A brutnl murder followed by quick vengeance took place nt McNalr's camp In tbe outskirts ot Vancouver. Burnjl Karaburu, while talking with a friend, was leiced by two Japanese, while another sank an nxe Into his skull, kllllug bim Instantly. The camp wns oroused and the three murderers tied securely to trees and left In the mauntalns all nigbt until tbe police could be sent for. A flerce storm sprang up and In the morning one had died of exposure ond the others were dying when tnken In charge by the po¬ lice. The deod man, Ikobu Snburo, was the one who struck the fatal blow. OBSTINATE WIDOW OUT OF JAIU Her Imprlsaanatat For Contampt off Canrt Conies ta aa Kad. nrldgcport. Conn. — Mrs. Mary B. Wright Smith, who was adjudged in conlempt ot court nnd committed to Jail three weeks ago, bavlng refused to reveal Ibe wheicnbouU of $300,000 wiirth of Oovernmeut bonds owned by her. hns beeu released. The court proceedingsIhrough whicb Mrs. Sniltb wss declsred In contempt were brought by counsel for Orrin K. Palley. of New York (,'lty, wbo sougbt to locate her Government bonds In or¬ der to attach tbem to satisfy a Judg- inoiil nf S3(KI. Tbe terms of her release are not made public. Assurances From Oermany. Oermany gnve assursnces that the the .Monroe Uoctrlue sball not be vio¬ lated In Its attempt to collect clulmi from Venezuela. Gale Sweeps Mawfaaadlaad. Kurlous gales swept the coast of Newfoundlnnd and wrought much de- .itrui'llon umoug the shipping nud Ash¬ ing properties nt Bay of Islands, where lovornl Americnn vessels were acek- iiig cnrgocs of herring. Dssparate BaeoaBlar Wllh nilplaoa. Company F, Twenty.Urst Infantry. has had a desperate hand-to-hand en¬ counter lu n gorge six miles south of Snii Jose, Batnngaa, I'. I. Two Amer¬ ican soldiers were wounded and twen¬ ty.two ot the Insurgents were killed. Lakar World. Numerous lubor controrersles have been 'ettled lately, and tbe rate of wagos Is at llie highest point ever ob- inlued. At Wilkesbarre, Penn., the traction compauy motornien and conductors have accepted an Increaae of flve cents a day. Tbey had demanded ten cents. Cnlted Stales Senator Mitchell bas Introduced a bill fixing f2 a day os Ibe minimum rale of wage* to be paid to women In tbe employ of the (Goveru¬ meut. Ijilior men In Colorado are agltatlag for tbe adoption In Uiat State of tba Australian land tax law and an eigbt¬ huur law. Half a million persona aie witbont work In Uennaa/. Many tbonaands of foreigu workmen bare been dla- mltaed from German factorta*. It baa beea announced at all labor union meetlnga at Bt. Louia. Mo., tbal no non-nnlon labor wUl be eaployad on tbe wurk of tbe World'a Fair. Tb* Bute Labor Caiinlaalomr re¬ porU tbat tb* Smelter Trvat. by \m- portlnc mtt from Chile ta Oolerado. has tbrowa 0000 C»l«va4« a^aatt est ot wotk. THE SABBATH SGHOOL MTERNATIONAL LESSON COMMENTt FOR JANUARY 9. a«W*«ti 1»* FraMlta aT Pawat, Amtr 1., I-l«.aaldaa Ta«l,Atti l» a —KMaaey ' Vartat, a a Cawitaliar wt tka Itagr** Lasaaa. 1. "The foraMT trtatit*." Th* ,_ *f Luke. Luke wat alto th* aathor ol L_ AeU. "O. TbK^hit." Nothfaia ia known ol this pcnoa, bat h* wa* ae (uabt t penon of rank and perhaps a Koaaa oncer who had beta coavtrhid to Chri» tianity. '¦Began." Th* aa*p*I is aat a niitory of all that Jctna (Bd, bnt ealy aa account of the foandationt whMi H* UM snd on which the charch tho«M aflar> ward bt built. "To do aad taaca." A T«ry imporUnt ttateiatat, diridiaf Uw work o( Chriat into two mat braaeh**; the one embracing Hi* won oa aaith, tlw other Hit •ubatqnait work ttam Im*t*b} th* one in Hit owa ptnon, th* etk«r hp Hit tpirit; th* on* t^ beginaiat; tM other th* continaaae* of th* saaM w«(k: the one compht* wh*n H* aat dawn aa th* right hand ot Hi* Fath*r, tha etkw to eontinu* until Hi* tccond appsoriaa. 2. "UntU th* dav." TbajSkSaSriar after Hi* rerarrcetioa. "Taranaa tka Holy Ohoat." Ood gar* aet th* Baiiit by meatuie nnto Rim. John I: M. Jaaa* who ¦««* annolatad with the Hobr Oboal (Luk* 4; Matt. M). ia th* vomtt et tka Holy Gho*t gar* comatandnMata ta tM MKMtle* to be Hi* wita*****. "ABMka. Th* twelve gcneralb ealM diadph* ia the iratpelt are in to* Act* cnokaa ot aa apottle*. or "thoae tsat forth. S. "Passion." 8uflerin(t oa th* eroia. "Infallible nrool*." Th* ain^ On*k word, traniuatad "iafalliU* prooCi,*' d*> notes th* strtmgest prooii 01 waieh a nh- Ject is capable, an irrt*i*ttbl* nroot. Taa proofs h*re meant are Christ^ n*iikiaai Slp^SaTt- walking and eating with Hit i , tcr Hit re*un*«tlon. 'Torty 4wi." At different tin** dariaf a parioa of feriqr days. "Th* Mngdom of Ood." laia as- pretsion ha* sevetal elanUlcatloM, nm htre. at in Mark li 1«, it indnde* lb* whole-f^ristian dispensation, it* n****M, Srogv- and economy. The nwoaiac is, etutt^^Va them iaatnetions aboat th* organintion, *pre*d and cdificaUon ol Uit church. 'Atsembled with thtm." ProbaUj Commanded thna. by Oa on ascension day. The last commandm*nt givta Lord to th* apostle* directed them to await the gift of th* Holy Qho*t ia Janf lalem. "Not depart from Jcnuakas.'* The coming of th* Spirit waa to b* at Um next great (cast after th* eruclfixlM. Ja- rutalem waa th* centre ol tl*wi*h inlla- ence. aad at that tim* strannr* weald b* icachcd from all part* of th* wnrld. They w*re not qualified to ge until aft** the baptism of tht Spirit camo npoa them. "Wait," Many run too aooa., Promitt of the Father." Thfondi tka gift of the Snirit had bam pioinised by tie Fsther. See Ita. Mt .8} prophets the' gift of the Snirit Sroinised by tie Fsther. See Ita. Mt Si oel 3: 38._»>. Compare AcU i: ll,,!*. Heard of Me." Tbi* promite is (onndta John 14: 16: IS: 38. Reference i« aba mad* to it in Luke 34: 41. Th* Hebr Ohoit wa* promitsd to the chureh thronth Christ. 5. "John." The Baptist, th* foieiva- ner ol Christ. "With w*t*r." John'* baptism was, 1. A btDtttm unto npant- snce. 3. A type of the baptism of tM Holy Ghost. John pointed to Chriai wkn should baptire with the Holy Ohost and with fire. "Shall be baptittd." Thif WM th* promite ol tht Father, it mnM BM l»a. "With the Holy Ohott." The Hahr Bpirit wat about to b* giM* tMaa, te greaUr lubies* thin ever bcfor*. At thi* time th*ir hearU would ba cl**a**d and they woald be filled with love. B. "Were com* together." At tM Mount of Oliv**. 8** Luke S4: OS. "Poat thou at this time." etc. (R. V.) Is thia the hour whea th* Roman yoke M to b« broken from our necks and th* kiafdem of the Metsiah esUblished? 7. "Not for you to know." Christ eM- stantly avoided giving His ditciplc* a di¬ rect answer to questions which could only tstisfy thtir curiosity and be ol no partic¬ ular benefit. "In His own power.". "Au¬ thority." R. V. The word r*nd(r*d new¬ er it not the sam* at th* one *o iMdned in tht neat verae. It should b* n*t*d that Jetut did not dittpprov* of th* qiMtlM aiked in ven* 8. bul. as Lang* san, "Bar rather confirmsd It by dtclarlag that tb* Father hsd fixed the timt." 8. "Shall receive power." Th* cneM of the Holy Bpirit wat to bo given U them. It was not tbe power of Mgie or eloquenrc, hut "the power of a living unioii with a living Qod." "Is come unon you." The Holy Srtii'it gives. 1. Knowledge and nndcrtUndiiig. 2. Fnith. 3. Holiness. 4. A tpirit ol prsyer. »• ^CoV"^* Stcadlattnest. 7. Zeal. "Shall be wit- nttiet." They shall not merely bear wit¬ ness, but be witnestci in their own per¬ sons. They were to be witnesses to a «ju- cified, a riten snd a coming Christ. In Jeruttlem," etc. They wor* to begin at home, with the .lews, and gradually ttaM out until the glorious gospel reached th* .whole human race. ..,..._ " , , 9. "While thev beheld." Th* ditelpl** did not sc* Him rite out ol tht grave, be¬ cause Hit reiurrection could bt easily § roved by their teeing Him afterward, ttt tbey tnw Him return to heaTan, W there would be no other way to nroe* tl, "A cloud." Perhapt It wat like the SWTi cloudy pillar, the wildemct*. , 10. ''Were looking" (B. V,) Wpndff Ing whnt it all meant. "Two m*n." An¬ gels in the form ol men. "WhiU appar- el." Bee Matt. 38: 3. The white garmanU were an emblem ol parity. 11. "Shall *o come." Th* tccond or final coming. Tliit will not be In obcene; ity like Hit flrtt coming, but "H* wiU come in power tnd glory, io the eXtmia, and with Hit holy nngeli with Hna." Mntt. 34; 30,41: 38: 84. , ,. , ^^ 12. "Olivet." Frcnuentlv called tha Mount of Olivet. "Sabbath dty's jour- nev." About thrce-fourthi of tn EniUah mile. IS. "Come In." Thnt is. Into th* citf Irom the country. "Into the vpp*r ehaa- her" (R. V.) Probably the upper .roan which had been used by our Lord ana Hia ditelplcs lor the psatovtr neat. "Where abode." "Where they w*f* abid¬ ing." R. V. Thit doet not BMaa thai this wat their pcrmsDcnt habitatloa, bat lined there lor the d(*c*nt of tha they remained Holy Spirit. 14. "Continued; they waited During th* Ua dan With on* accord,'* With oae mind. There wert no schinas, M dl^ vided interesta. nn discordant narpmwa. "Stctdfsstly in prtyer" (B. V.) Tfc*» prayers were earnest and pertWaal. ''With the women." Thit probtbly rtftn to the women who fnllowed Him Iron Oal- ilce, but it may mean merely that wonM were present. "Mary." Thi* is th* Iaal mention in Scripture ef the notbwr ai' Jetut. "Hit brethren." The brcthrM jM Jetut at flrtt rejected Him (Joha 7i PU but now thev believe in Him aad SM ptm cnt It the Ftntccott outpouring. Paarit Iha Tonbt of Wana*. That all large pcarit art nothing bat sa^ copliiui, in the centre ol whieh r*st tM dead bodici ol tmall marine wom*. i* M sertecl by M. Ktphtcl Dtfboii, a Wn2 naturalist. In a comBttaieatlon fO tM Paris Academy of Science* U, ihows from hia invaatigatioB ol a i &ba<a snows irom nu invaatuntloB of a eal lietrl-bearing mollusk that th* Irt* { found in it ar* alway* erytU tm the IxMlic* ol tb*. niarin* worn* L ., distom**, darioc a particntar ttaf* aft lif*. In th* ordinary eoart* ei ettata I (learl* decay in a year's tin*, i itiiJm j encysted ercatar*, bat il th* di*t*M tf th* pmurl may CO on anlarglBV aa^ili' grctl valnc. Th* larger aad mmHm .t_ pearl, then, th* mor* di*tMt i* lim imt ol th* death ol th* nwtare wb*** tatm It lormt. Th* facU ob*erv*d bv Un- aiM H. Dubpit kav* ao doabt tatatSSTm origm ol th* trv* p**rl*. if^ Uew Pyalamet ^BliaiBa. The poatal *aTia>t bank hoildiaf hi i tUrdsm. HolUadTis b ' -ro . x Ibe "MonUr tysUai," contlractioa. A tt**l bird e*a* ia appcaiaae*, i* ^ Portland c*aMnt. which pnivtaU < from rotting, nrhile th* *•¦*" rendered •laitic. Th* itcel , in lantion and the eoaeraU ia fNaMM, Thit conttractjoe it aaid to b* flrrproof •nd wiUrproel, and ing in favor in Earop* for buildiagt and factoric*, KagUai Osvwla« *¦ Ik* Th* ¦t'ady retreat ol tb* aaat Potal, canted by th* ol th* ¦hiaat*, ttiU eoutiaa. ecwiutcd th* *r«;tiM sf m !ttts5wr;hajrs; U b* bcfu at OM*. 'n# wBI turd ligfcthoB** ea th* AMt Uatt, built aboM abUy Ptua ¦boat a nil* iabnd, aai th* leaat hall that dUtane* fran ' IW*. andM»|» mAamtyaptPs^iaaaifpfi alur th* ttpta Haana sU aiiiiiaiir. a* **ma wm sibae* Ck* d*t«&ai« matik ttv^^aaaa. "9
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|Nassau County Review 19020103
|Nassau County Review 19020103
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text:
Sock Dreams
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Tie Dyed Tabis
We handed over a batch of the classic cotton tabis from China and let Tie Dye Eric do his magic with colors. He came back with classic patterned tie dye tabi socks ready for the summer of love in your flip flops, Birkies or other non-formal footwear.
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Sizing Tips
women's US shoe size 5-10, up to men's shoe size 9.
Additional Info: Now in a symmetrically dyed pattern, with red along the insides (big toe sides).
Fiber Content: 80% cotton, 20% nylon covered in 100% Love Lite Precision Tie Dyed. To make these last their longest wash them in cool water and hang them to dry.
Label: Love Lite Precision Tie Dye
Tie Dyed Tabis is rated out of 5 by 2.
Rated 5 out of 5 by Janny from Uber cool, uber comfy Am seriously thinking about ordering a few more pairs of these just for good luck -- not only do they look VERY cool because of the tie-die, the fabric is nice and thick and warm, so these are just nice socks all the way around. And TALK ABOUT FUN!!!
Date published: 2014-01-27
Rated 5 out of 5 by Badimages from Very impressed! I love these socks! Not only did they arrive just four days after I ordered them, but they fit great! They are sturdy and comfortable, and I have small feet! Very vibrant colors help show them off perfectly!
Date published: 2014-05-29
The surest proof of a naturally benevolent universe is that @SockDreams exists.
~ @mistydemeo


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The BRITAX Vehicle Seat Protector offers an engineered, non-slip material for best-in-class car seat crash performance while providing protection to the vehicle seat from spills, debris, and compression. The BRITAX Vehicle Seat Protector is waterproof and easy to clean with raised edges on all sides to keep spills and debris contained, and a front seat guard that hangs over the vehicle seat to protect it from muddy shoes. The Vehicle Seat Protector is also LATCH compatible and crash tested and approved for use with BRITAX car seats.
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text:
"What do I do to the PCB?"
What?? You don't do anything with the circuit board in the case (PCB - Printed Circuit Board).. It was most likely damaged in the fall.
I think there is a bit of language barrier so far in this thread. You have been told MULTIPLE times to open up the case and take the drive out and connect it to your PC directly.. I don't know how else to explain this too you. I would suggest you have a friend that understands english better read this thread and translate for you.
I am sorry for understanding after a lot of time...I don't know much about the hard drive technologies . I'll ask a technician to connect it to the CPU. I'll ask later if I have any query.


text:
Product Description
Note: Picture shown with 2 fans! Kit only includes one fan. Fits Wood & Gas Freestanding Stoves on back panel or under rear heat shield..pre drilled for mounting to stove (see measurements). Housing can be removed to use fan separately.
Blower Kit Includes:
- Blower Housing
- Temp Sensor Switch
- Wiring Set
- Blower Control with knob
- Power Cord Measurements
Mounting Bracket 12″x5″ Fan 10″x4″ Bolt to Bolt 11 1/2″


text:
Two members of piracy group IMAGiNE get prison terms.
Two members of a group that wanted to be known for being first to release the latest Hollywood films to the Web were sentenced to prison today, the U.S. government says.
Willie Lambert, 57, of Pittston, Pa., was sentenced to 30 months in prison and three years of supervised release, and ordered to pay $449,514 in restitution, according to a press release from Neil MacBride, the U.S. Attorney for the Eastern District of Virginia. MacBride is also the man who's pressing a separate criminal copyright case against MegaUpload founder Kim DotCom.
More: http://news.cnet.com...t-prison-terms/