text:
Stop Blaming Dysfunction on "Both Sides"
For years, liberals have argued that polarization his little to do with the Democratic Party—which they see as largely centrist—and everything to do with a Republican Party, which has moved far to the right since the 1970s. Recent research from political scientists Keith Poole and Howard Rosenthal, who have measured polarization and ideological shifts in Congress, confirms that theory. According to NPR, they've found that the GOP is more conservative now than it's been in a century:
The short version would be since the late 1970s starting with the 1976 election in the House the Republican caucus has steadily moved to the right ever since. It's been a little more uneven in the Senate. The Senate caucuses have also moved to the right. Republicans are now furtherest to the right that they've been in 100 years.
Moreover, Republicans have moved further to the right than Democrats have to the left, and that goes a long way toward explaining the gridlock of the last three years, during which time Republicans have refused to play ball on everything from economic recovery—they opposed the stimulus plan, even after signing on to George W. Bush's plan for boosting the economy in 2008—to financial regulation and a health-care-reform bill built on conservative ideas.
Unfortunately, even after noting that ideological polarization is assymmetric, both NPR and Poole refuse to move away from a "pox on both houses" frame for the story:
"[T]here doesn't seem to be much impetus on the part of the leadership of either political party to really do something serious about our budget crisis. I doubt very seriously we'll see much improvement.
"People forget how utterly irresponsible our political leadership has been for the last 30 years…The current political class of the U.S. just isn't in the same league as Truman and Eisenhower and Adlai Stevenson. You just don't have that kind of leadership now, just when we need it.
This is a fashionable sentiment—you'll hear it on cable news and in newspaper op-ed sections—but it has no basis in reality. For two years, President Barack Obama struggled to build a biparisan consensus around deficit reduction. The Affordable Care Act was built on conservative ideas, and pitched as a move toward fiscal sustainability. Independent projections bear that out—over the next decade, it's projected to reduce the deficit by more than $1 trillion, making it the largest deficit-reduction package since 1993, when Democrats under Bill Clinton passed a combination of tax hikes and spending cuts that began to bring the budget into balance.
In 2010, Republican opposition to tax hikes led Obama to extend the Bush tax cuts over liberals' objections, and last year, Obama—with the support of top Democrats—tried desperately to reach a "grand bargain" over deficit reduction with House Maority Leader John Boehner and the rest of the Republican leadership. But GOP opposition to tax increases—Boehner refused to trade Medicare cuts for tax increases on the wealthy—meant that these talks were bound to fail.
The Democratic Party isn't perfect—or even particularly good—but it's unfair to say that the United States has "irresponsible" political leadership, or that the political class is lacking as a whole. Over the last three years, Democrats have passed bills to achieve universal health coverage, reform the financial sector, bring carbon emissions under control, and save the economy from a second Great Depression. Deficits have receded to the background, but it remains true that only Democrats have been behind partisan deficit reduction—in 1993 and 2010.
If there's a problem in American politics, it's the Republican Party, whose theological devotion to to tax cuts and "small government" has destroyed our finances—both Reagan and George W. Bush were responsible for huge explosions of debt—and made bipartisan cooperation impossible. Our government is dysfunctional, but the pox isn't on both houses, and the media's quest to ignore that fact has only exacerbated the problem.
Mon, 2012-04-16 15:19
So what you are REALLY saying is that the LANDSLIDE victory by the GOP in the 2010 elections, which was actually a restraining order on Obama's policies after the massive overreach and distasteful way Obamacare was jammed through Congress is to blame. Well, guess what? "Elections have their consequences". REMEMBER? So basically you are blaming this on the American people. Good job.
Austin Jim
Mon, 2012-04-16 23:50
Fri, 2012-04-20 16:39
Mon, 2012-04-16 15:23
Mon, 2012-04-16 15:31
New Yawker has already addessed one key issue, the 2010 election, which the writer apparently believes meant little to nothing. Another key issue is the first two years of Obama, during which he abrasively dismissed Republicans and their ideas. Again, his famous comment, "Elections have consequences." Obamacare had exactly...zero GOP votes. Same for the Stimulus Bill. It is very hard for the GOP to be responsible for gridlock and polarization when the Dems had 60 Senators and an overwhelming majority in the House. You do understand that, don't you Dear Jamelle? So my questions for you. Are you really as stupid as your column indicates, or are so partisan that the actual facts simply make no difference to you?
Thu, 2012-04-19 00:38
The problem with this analogy is two things: In the 2010 elections Democrats stayed home and didn't vote causing a virtual landslide for the Republicans. One reason for this was the bickering among the Democrats themselves over what went into the bill that became the ACA. Lieberman went out of his way to say he would filibuster any attempt to open Medicare to people 55 years of age or older.
With the Democrats needing 60 votes and a few of their own members of the party needing to cater to large pharmaceutical donors, it is no wonder what they passed is as unpopular with the left as with the right.
Mon, 2012-04-16 15:33
New Yawker has already addessed one key issue, the 2010 election, which the writer apparently believes meant little to nothing. Another key issue is the first two years of Obama, during which he abrasively dismissed Republicans and their ideas. Again, his famous comment, "Elections have consequences." Obamacare had exactly...zero GOP votes. Same for the Stimulus Bill. It is very hard for the GOP to be responsible for gridlock and polarization when the Dems had 60 Senators and an overwhelming majority in the House. You do understand that, don't you Dear Jamelle? So my questions for you. Are you really as stupid as your column indicates, or are so partisan that the actual facts simply make no difference to you?
Fri, 2012-04-20 16:33
That's pretty much all garbage. Obama didn't "abrasively dismiss" GOP ideas...not even close. In fact he OPENLY welcomed them and the Democratic congress (which as you noted..needed nothing from the GOP if they wanted to be jerks about it), invited and involved the GOP in nearly every step of the process. Zero GOP votes? LOL...they didn't vote for it because it would've been a "political victory" for Obama...had nothing to do with them disagreeing on substance to any significant degree. Do you get that dear BurkeVA? Even the snotty tone of your comment serves to illustrate the tantrum that Conservatives throw when their ideas and policies are challenged AT ALL. Get real...in America (and in a democratic society), compromise is a necessity.
Mon, 2012-04-16 15:33
This would be a good argument except that for two years, the Democrats controlled everything. I do believe that health care reform proved there was just as much and even more dysfunction then. Can't blame Republicans for 2009-2011.
It would also make sense except that Obama controls the White House and Dems control the Senate. It's really hard to make the argument that the party that controls two thirds of our levers isn't responsible and the party that only controls the other third is responsible.
I'm thinking this article is a bit more of wishful thinking rather than actual analysis.
Fri, 2012-04-20 16:50
I really don't think that argument is accurate. Even when the Democrats had overwhelming majorities, the GOP filibustered EVERYTHING effectively making 60 votes necessary to pass anything. The Democratic party is a diverse party and we generally don't expect all of our members to get in lock-step on all issues so even when we had that majority, getting 60 votes was extremely difficult. In addition, the 60 vote majority was broken on February 4, 2010 when Scott Brown assumed office. This means that the GOP could just clog up the pipes and not let anything through. Our political system is designed to make clogging up the pipes much easier than getting stuff done. The GOP has a natural advantage in that they benefit from the government not only doing very little, but also in being despised by the public.
Mon, 2012-04-16 15:35
That's right! Blame those dastardly Republicans for all the division in the country. You know, those guys who have held 1/2 of 1/3 of the seats of government power. Those evil GOPers who, when someone says "boo", they go scampering for cover for having offended someone.
Meanwhile, let's see . . . the president has vilified Big Oil, Big Pharma, Big Banks and Wall Street. He has supported the Occupy revolutionaries against working people. He has stirred up racial resentment and animosity. He has pitted the haves against the have-nots, the people of color against whites and Asians (the people who produce), "progressive" women against worthless stay-at-home moms, the secular anti-Christians against the Church, the Occupiers against the Tea Baggers (his word), blacks against stupid police, and on and on. Find a group who does not agree with him, and they are bagged and tagged as ignorant racists who cling to their God and their guns.
Meanwhile, the pervasive media and culture from New York to Hollywood provide his megaphone to repeat his divisive hateful rhetoric as truth while never ever daring to point out the falsity of his claims or question is it a good idea to foment such anger and hate in the population.
Yep, for sure, I can absolutely see how it is the likes of Mitch McConnell and John Boehner who have pitted Americans against each other.
So this is what passes for legitimate journalism in the Obamanation. Pure propagandist drivel. Do they now give degrees in Water Boy at universities now a days, cause that is exactly what you are?
Fri, 2012-04-20 17:10
Could you please substantiate just one of your outlandish claims about the president? Please provide one quotation in which he can be said to vilify Big Oil, Big Pharma etc. Just one. Just one measly piece of evidence. Just this one time. If you can, I promise to stop thinking of all Republicans as dangerous lunatics.
Fri, 2012-04-27 16:43
he was a little over the top, but the idea that democrats don't share blame for gridlock is perposterous. If two sides can't agree, they are equally at fault for not having an agreement. Whether that is good or bad is all a matter of perspective. Are democrats to blame for stopping the initiatives of Congressional Republicans? Of course they are. Are Republicans to blame for stopping Obama's or Reid's initiatives? Of course they are.
People need to grow up. It's politics and neither party is more obstructionist that the other.
Mon, 2012-04-16 15:36
Even if it's true that the Republicans are more extremely Republican than Democrats are Democratic (I don't even know how you'd measure that reliably), it doesn't really follow that gridlock must be their fault, does it? I imagine that if I'm arguing with someone who starts out reasonable but gets progressively more extreme, it only becomes easier for me to win the argument. If Republicans are as increasingly backwards as this article suggests, why haven't they gone extinct? And if people keep voting for them as they get more extreme, is it the Republicans' fault (as in elected Republicans) or the people's (i.e., voting Republicans)?
Ultimately, I don't buy the supposedly vast ideological divide between the parties as an excuse for gridlock. Parliaments in Europe regularly seat conservatives alongside socialists. And these are real socialists... not people who are called socialists by their enemies, but people who self-identify as socialists. Somehow, they manage to get things done. On a global scale, Republicans and Democrats really aren't all that different. (Auburn fans and Alabama fans love to mock each other, but to the rest of us non-Alabamians, they all look pretty similar. I imagine Democrats and Republicans look similar to the rest of the world.)
The real problem isn't that Republicans are too Republican. It's that one side or another or both are being too stubborn. We could be a centimeter apart ideologically and still get nowhere if we're both stubborn enough. Figuring out who should be less stubborn is obviously a political question, but my point I guess is that it's not as simple as saying whether the left is further to the left than the right is to the right (or vice versa). No matter how far you go to one side or the other, you still have to compromise to get things done. Each party is obviously making its case that the other should be compromising more.
PS-Is "furtherest" really a word?
Tue, 2012-04-17 02:35
The gridlock in our system is, indeed, a byproduct of ideological rigidity. It's true that in a parliamentary system, different ideologies work side by side. However, the comparison breaks down because in a true parliamentary system, many different factions must come together to wield power - and ultimately control - of government. In our three-branch, two party system, coalition building is moot, and presidents are elected apart from legislators, rather than being a representative of the legislative coalition. You are correct, though, that stubbornness has caused the current intransigence. It's a disgrace that either party would make its primary goal to be ousting a president. We deserve better, but got what we voted for.
Mon, 2012-04-16 15:42
Mon, 2012-04-16 15:53
"The Democratic party isn't perfect-or even particularly good" ok, you said one thing I can agree with. Beyond that...not so much. So we Republicns are the problem, because we won't cave in and let you Democrats have your way, essentially? Some of us might think that gridlock, where NOTHING is getting accomplished, is a vast improvement over what we saw for the two years when the Democrats controlled Congress AND the White House. And please don't try and convince me the that the party of trillion dollar deficits is the party of fiscal responsibility. Bush ran deficits I did not like(I also didn't like him) but this guys deficits are three times what Bushes were. That makes him three times worse.
Mon, 2012-04-16 15:58
Mon, 2012-04-16 16:01
LOL! The country elected the most extreme left wing President in U.S. history in 2008, and gave him historic control of Congress with large extreme left wing democratic majorities in both Houses of Congress. So for 2 of the past 3 years Obama was able to do whatever he wanted to do. The Stimulous, Obamacare, Solyndra, More debt than in the entire history of the world. The only problem is his extreme left wing policies didn't work. The nation has been left with record long term UNEMPLOYMENT, Record wasted spending, record growth in the size and cost of Government, and record nation destroying debt. As for Gridlock? The House Republicans have passed a budget 2 years in a row. The Senate Democrats haven't bothered to even produce a budget, and Obama's budget 2 years running has either gotten ZERO democratic votes, or the Senate Democrats haven't even bothered to bring it up for a vote. The nation is suffering from extreme left wing ideology, arrogance, incompetence, and a total failure of Presidential Leadership, and that all comes from Obama. The single worst President in U.S. history!
Mon, 2012-04-16 16:18
Mon, 2012-04-16 16:18
Tom Genin
Mon, 2012-04-16 16:30
Tom Genin
Mon, 2012-04-16 16:26
Exactly how did the GOP stop the Democrat controlled Senate from ever passing a budget?
And only Karl Marx's far left cousin sees the Obama Administration as "centrist."
The difference between compromise in the past was that the argument was over should the minimum raise be 50 cents or $1 an hour, both parties were going in the same direction.
But now the Democrats want to put sand in my gas tank, whereas I want to put in gas. Is compromise of half gas half sand a good idea, of course not, it may kill my engine slower, but since I know it will kill it, I'd be an idiot to agree to any sand.
So while the Liberals are pouring sand into America's economic engine, proving that Obama will be the Future Historical example of Economic Suicide, keep trying to rewrite history with your "centrist" tripe.
Mon, 2012-04-16 16:27
newyork taxpayer
Mon, 2012-04-16 16:41
Ms Bouie,
I understand that Dems want to legalize drugs, but you might want to think of abstaining ... at least while writing articles.
Let me start by referring you to a well-written article on this same topic called "Where are all the Moderate Democrats ?" http://www.realclearpolitics.com/articles/2012/04/10/where_are_all_the_moderate_democrats_113790.html
Let me also concede that I would agree that Republicans (of which I am one) have become what the left may consider more fiscally conservative. I'd say the Republicans are perhaps less socially conservative. How much have you really heard from Evangelicals in this or recent elections ? The fiscal shift really comes from the reduced influence of the Neo-Cons who wanted a bigger military and were willing to accept bigger government elsewhere as a cost of this expansion. Don't get me wrong. Republicans are still more war-hungry than I have a taste for. But there is a rise of Libertarianism (e.g. Ron Paul) who recognize that the military is one example of spending that must be reduced. Dems who were used to an open checkbook cry foul.
But Dem's under Obama are likewise A LOT more liberal than they have been in the past. The article I highlighted makes an interesting comparison between Obama and the last standard bearer, Bill Clinton. You can say a lot about Bill personally. But as a President (particularly after the country elected a Repub congress in 1994), he passed the Crime Bill, NAFTA, balanced the budget and declared "the end of big government as we know it".
Can you every imagine Obama uttering those words ? Me neither. He castigates successful people at every turn. He increased government spending 20% from 2008 to 2010 ($2.8 tn to $3.5 tn). He appoints people like Labor Secretary Solis (who praises Hoerta, a member of the Socialists of America as a role model http://www.breitbart.com/Big-Government/2012/04/04/Labor-Secretary-Solis-Chavez-Huerta). He hasn't passed a budget in four years. His signal achievement, Obamacare, forces Americans to buy insurance and increases spending by $2 tn over 10 yrs. (Yes, they implemented something like Obamacare of Massachusetts. In case you didn't know, Massachusetts is one of the most liberal states in the U.S. Even if you are a liberal, can you honestly say that something that is accepted in the most liberal state would be equally accepted in some place like Texas or Indiana ?)
Bottom line - The U.S. elected Obama because they thought he was a uniter like Bill Clinton. Yes, people will point out that Bill raised taxes about 3%. Sure. I'd be willing to increase taxes as long as it meant real reduction in the size and spending of government ... particularly entitlements. That's compromise. But compromise requires an honest broker who can stand in the middle and bring together both sides. Obama is nothing but a redistributing socialist. (Remember his quote that he wants to "spread the wealth around".) This hardly sounds like an honest broker to me.
Mon, 2012-04-16 16:42
Mon, 2012-04-16 16:42
Maybe the Republicans are to the right of the 70's version- but that's largely because the Democrats are far to the left of the Jack Kennedy Democrats. The author does not understand this.
Relatedly, the Tea Party would not exist if the spending had not been out of control for a generation. Both parties are to blame for that spending.
George Orwell
Mon, 2012-04-16 16:44
What? Come on now...it was nancy Pelosi and BHO who stated and I paraphrase: "We won the election, we are gonna write the bill" or the ever famous, get in the back seat line. The Democrats have NEVER sought Republican input since BHO got into power. STOP trying to rewrite history. I am a Chicaogan and bi-partisian is NOT something BHO or his ilk engage in.
Mon, 2012-04-16 16:46
Obama posssessed a sizeable and favorable - if not downright lapdog - majority in both houses of Congress from 2009-2011, with which he pushed through the least-wanted piece of legislation in a century. How did he lose that? Republicans appeared to be dead in the water, if not on the way to extinction. Then, somehow, they were utterly resurrected as a national force within 2 years, even though their popularity remains abysmal, and without a clear leader on top of it. Blaming Republicans, who didn't have a political pot to p*** in as of January 2009, requires a willful ignorance that is, quite frankly, breathtaking.
Mon, 2012-04-16 16:47
Tom Genin
Mon, 2012-04-16 16:48
This guy's article is so rife with good material: "whose theological devotion to to tax cuts and "small government" has destroyed our finances—"
Obama average annual budget deficit $1.35 Trillion.
Obama's annual Spending is curiously up that amount?
Wouldn't therefore Obama's devotion to Gov't spending on non-return on investment items be a far greater impact on our financial ruin than existing tax policy?
Anti Socialits
Mon, 2012-04-16 16:47
Fri, 2012-04-20 17:13
So where are these socialists you are pitting capitalists against? I think the last socialist in America was maybe Eugene Debs. Or do you brand as socialist anyone who even suggests that maybe sometimes capitalism needs to be restrained? Are food and drug laws socialist? Are child labor laws socialist? Are minimum wage laws socialist? Are taxes socialist? Are laws against fraud socialist?
Mon, 2012-04-16 16:54
Mon, 2012-04-16 17:00
Here's what the Poole and Rosenthal data actually show: the Democrats began their trek left in the late 1950s, Republicans were moving toward the center from 1954-1976 as Democrats moved left. Republicans started moving right in 1976. Since 1980 Democrats have moved left at a slower pace than the GOP has moved right. But Democrats had a 25 year head start.
Sat, 2012-04-21 11:43
Wrong! Republicans started moving right in the 60's when they decided to begin their Southern strategy against the Democratic Party for embracing Blacks and other minorities. By the 70's the Party had begun to trend far right with the emergence of Nixon and then your lord of the flies, Reagan. It was the greatest flip-flop of all times from one Party to the other, a change of party because of ideology over the rights of minorities, that spurred the white right to become what they are now, racially divisive, ecomony-savagers, and warriors for the rich and wealthy. The Nation can thank the minorities and poor for the the Party that the right has become, because if they had not wanted their rights, then the right would not have turned so rigidly wrong.
Mon, 2012-04-16 17:07
What bunk, this piece. To accept its premise, one need either accept that Obama is an emasculated wanderer incapable of leading, or, well, a community organizer who is the epitome of the Peter Principle, having attained his natural level of incompetence.
The man entered office with heavy majorities in both Houses of Congress, and managed to get through practically everything he proposed. And it hasn't worked, and now he and his apologists are looking to blame anyone but himself and the policies. Point is, leaders lead. Had he been of the same caliber of a Reagan, for instance, he would have simply gone over the head of his opposition, neutralized them, sold his program to the people, and it would be working.
That's if he was a leader. But he's not, and never was. Community organizers are the guys who stand on the street corner, tell you who's to blame for your problems, and do absolutely nothing to solve them. Kind of what we have now. But, all this presumes the policies are the correct ones in the first place. What Reagan demonstrated was that you don't need much time to right a sick economy, provided your policies are the right ones. Within two years, the economy was roaring back with almost 7% growth rates, and he was reelected with 49 states.
But it's kind of funny, in that once Reagan took his oath of office, you never once heard the name Jimmy Carter from him, either in blaming him for the hurdle he had to surmount, or for the depth of the problems the new president had to face. That's another thing about real leaders. They take ownership for their stewardship, as opposed to blaming everyone and anyone but themselves.
Mon, 2012-04-16 17:32
Mon, 2012-04-16 18:47
Sat, 2012-04-21 12:08
Bravo, pure bunk. Like a lot of delusional Republicans, some posters on this thread must be taking "How to Perfectly Tell Lies and Keep a Straight Face" classes from Mitt Romney. The only criticism that seems to "write" itself are the distortions and lies which the Right seems to wrap themselves up in concerning this President, on a minute-by-minute bases. Go at it, because all the lies and distortions does is ensure that his BASE turns out to vote in November. Sans all of your lies, what would you folks do? I guess we will never know since the game of "Lie for Mittens" will most definitely be over by then, with the Republicans as the apparent game losers.
Mon, 2012-04-16 17:16
Keith Poole and Howard Rosenthal...lol...hardly bastions of non-liberal moderations. Why is it that when anyone disagrees with a liberal that that person or group is being unreasonable and polarizing? Now sure how far the republicans have moved to the right in the last 30 years but the signature policies of this administration are extreme left and no room for compromise. These radical departures from previous democratic and republican administrations include health care, energy policy, environmental policy, explosive size of government , etc. Who are you trying to fool by blaming the radical republicans for seeing great danger in the radical democratic proposals....lol. It would appear however that both the republicans and democrats agree on two things: (1) they both talk about deficit reduction and (2) no one is doing ANYTHING about it. Not exactly the two things I hoped they would agree on.
Mon, 2012-04-16 17:22
Soon as I saw the claim that Democrats "are largely centrist", there was no point in reading
further as I knew what would be said. Blaming the Republicans for stopping Obama's agenda is
really funny. They were elected in 2010 precisely to stop the insanity and his march through
$$$$trillions in debt. Brakes were put on cap and trade which would have made
energy prices skyrocket even higher, his Job Act (stimulus 2) which would have turned over
another half a trillion in borrowed money to Obama's special interests, and his profligate
mindless spending on ever expanding regulations. If the country had wanted more of Obama's
failed agenda, it would have returned the gavel to Nancy Pelosi. Why is it dysfunctional for
Republicans not to cave to Obama's misguided, job-killing policies? It's more dysfunctional to
let them go unchecked.
Mon, 2012-04-16 17:29
UM, Who has been in power for the last 7 years? And 3 of those having a democrat Senate, Congress and President? How can it be that we have no budget for over 1000 days? Why is it that there are 23 bills sitting on the shelf from Congress because the Sentate leader (who is he again?) will not briong them up to a debate? Obama and the leftist senate have an agenda thaty is anti america and anti american. You are just a shill and this article is the best expose of how far up the liberal ass the media is.
Mon, 2012-04-16 17:39
The President submitted a budget that the House voted down, 414-0. It was not serious.
The Republican House passed a budget 228-191. Party lines, but serious enough that members had to stand on one side or the other.
The Democrats refuse to allow a vote on a budget in the Senate. They are not serious.
The budget is the most basic tool for governing. Dems aren't serious about it. That's a good indication of where the dysfunction lies. Intentional dysfunction.
Sat, 2012-04-21 10:59
The comments on this thread are humorous. Listen Republicans, please STOP stating that the President did not get any Democrat votes on his budget, that is unless you TRUTHFULLY state why. No Democrats voted FOR that budget because the President ceded too many provisions of the legislation to the Republicans. It was not because they were at war with the President, but more so because as usual, the President was trying to be bi-partisan and pass a bill that would have given BOTH sides a little of what they wanted. But as usual, the Republicans wanted everything their way, so the Democrats HIT the highway, refusing to vote for a budget that would have cut and lashed many of the services for the poor and needy. It makes me so sick when I read or hear Republicans lamenting their talking point about the President's not receiving any Democratic votes on that budget....and now you folks know why.
Fri, 2012-04-27 16:48
Yeah right. Not one Democratic house member would side with the president on a compromise budget. That sounds right... I hope you don't honestly believe that. If you did, it would respresent a total lack of leadership from Obama and in a parliamentary system, would amount to a vote of no-confidence that would have him removed.
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Jan 21, 2010
Line Following with NXT 2.0
So I have posted this NXT 2.0 Line Follower project to show two ways to do this (there are many other approaches), a simple "Two State" line follower program, and a more complex "Proportional" line follower, which is smoother and faster. In addition, the Proportional version includes an automatic calibration sequence, where the robot automatically scans the line and surface to determine the minimum and maximum expected brighness values on its own. These programs will only work on NXT 2.0. I will follow up with some info and programs for NXT 1.0 users later.
Although under good conditions you can make a simple line follower using the color sensor in "Color Sensor" mode (if it will read, say, black for the line and white for the floor), you are better off using the color sensor in "Light Sensor" mode, where you can get a numeric brightness value from the sensor, so both programs here use it this way. However, two complications arise out of using the color sensor in Light Sensor mode. First, "calibration" of the sensor (determining the minimum and maximum expected light values) is not supported by the NXT software. The Calibrate Sensors menu command as well as the Calibrate programming block only support the original (NXT 1) light sensor, not the color sensor in Light Sensor mode. So you need to do your own calibration. But then the other issue is that the "View" feature on the NXT brick menu (e.g. View Reflected Light) again only supports the old light sensor (the View Color choice will only show the color sensor in color sensor mode). So while doing your own calibration, you will also want to use your own program to do this.
To keep the simpler line following program as simple as possible, the "Two State" line follower program requires you to sample the light values and modify the program as necessary. As a tool to help with this and similar uses, I have posted an NXT 2.0 Light Meter project (you can use just the program if using it to calibrate another project such as the Line Follower). The Light Meter program also allows you to change the sensor option of red/green/blue/ambient, which makes it interesting for other experiments as well.
As a more advanced approach to the issue of calibration, the "Proportional" line follower also includes an automatic calibration sequence to eliminate the need to calibrate manually or modify the program based on the conditions.
8 comments:
- megamindstorm101 said...
wow that is one of the fastest single light sensor line followers I have ever seen. It barely wiggled! My fastest single sensor was a good speed but it wiggled a lot :P now I just use the lineleader but even that wiggles a little in nxt-g
- Jan 22, 2010, 2:44:00 PM
- Len said...
Is that electrical tape you used to make the line?
- Jan 24, 2010, 5:10:00 PM
- Dave Parker said...
Yes, electrical tape is flexible enough that with a little practice you can make curves without wrinkles, or cut it if you need tighter turns. It also comes up easily leaving no residue.
- Jan 25, 2010, 9:20:00 AM
- varmie said...
Dave.....won't download to the nxt..error message 5002
- Mar 26, 2010, 3:16:00 AM
- deb said...
fantastic line follower.can it follow a figure 8 pattern?
thanks for your help.
- Aug 10, 2010, 4:41:00 AM
- Philip said...
Did you ever post the NXT 1.0 information for proportional line follower? If so can you forward me the link? Thank you for your help.
Philip Martin
- May 2, 2011, 1:03:00 AM
- janie said...
My robot needs to follow a line in a W formation. It gets stuck in the tight inside turns. Can you help?
- Feb 6, 2012, 6:36:00 AM
- hiba nayel said...
I have made a program that does the following :
(switch block )If the color sensor detects a black strip on the floor , the robot stops .If not , use the light sensor for line following ( LineFollow5 from NXT programs.com ). Then I put the switch in a forever loop , but when I run the program it just spins backward around itself !!! I have calibrated the light senor but nothing happened .What shall I do ? Plz reply ASAP .Thanks !
- Jul 19, 2013, 8:26:00 PM


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Dr. Emanuel Bronner was a master soap maker, self-proclaimed rabbi, and, allegedly, Albert Einstein's nephew. In 1947, after escaping from a mental institution, he invented the formula for "Dr. Bronner's Magic Soap," a peppermint-infused, all-natural, multi-purpose liquid that can be found today in every American health food store. On each bottle of his soap, he printed an ever-evolving set of teachings he called "The Moral ABC," designed, in his words, "To unite all mankind free!"
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Wednesday, August 26, 2009
The Dairy Crisis: Part three of our three-part series on Farm Aid's farm policy efforts
To do our part, Farm Aid collected more than 13,000 signatures asking Secretary of Agriculture Tom Vilsack to institute a floor price that covers the farmer's cost of production. We delivered those petitions to the Secretary in person in June. While Vilsack was well aware of the issue, he has not yet honored our request. In July, the USDA announced that they would increase the milk support price temporarily (bringing the price paid to farmers up by a little more than a dollar, not nearly enough to come even close to their cost of production). Congress passed legislation to increase the price support going forward in the 2010 agriculture appropriations bill. But these measures fall far short and have yet to have a significant impact on family dairy farmers or the milk market. Farm Aid continues to push for a floor price that takes into account the cost of production as a first step in the effort to reform the dairy industry.
As we mentioned in our update on farm foreclosure protection, Senators Feingold and Gillibrand have pushed USDA to raise the floor price for milk. Senator Bernie Sanders of Vermont has also spoken out on the issue, with a letter to Secretary Vilsack addressing not just the price issue, but the issue of imports that undercut American farmers and price manipulation by giant processors, such as Dean and Dairy Farmers of America. Farm Aid is very happy to hear the news that the Department of Justice will be working with the USDA to investigate corporate concentration in agriculture, specifically in dairy, seeds and meatpacking. We'll be working with our partners to make sure that family farmers are well-represented at the concentration workshops the DOJ/USDA will be hosting this winter. The floor price we're pushing for is an immediate requirement to keep family farmers from selling off their herds and retiring from dairy for good or, in the worst case, losing their farms. There remains much work to be done to reform the entire dairy system and the DOJ/USDA workshops are another step in the right direction.
To sum up our 2009 policy work, while we continue to work on the issues of dairy, credit and foreclosure protection (remember, change comes slowly!), we're encouraged by the efforts of the USDA and Congress to listen to family farmers and take a look at policy with family farmers in mind. The Obama Administration's Rural Tour listening sessions, led by the USDA, are another step in the right direction to ensure that we're all working together to create a family-farm food system that grows healthy food, strong communities, economic prosperity and good health for ourselves and our planet. If you can, check out one of the Rural Tour stops; our policymakers need to hear from all of us—farmers and eaters alike.
6 comments:
- Anonymous10:01 AM
I object to the phrase " change comes slowly. The system showed how quickly funds can be found for the auto industry. Billions where immediatly available within a week for the people that wear the suits. We need relief immediatly as now the strain is showing up in unpaid bills, harvest about to begin and taxes are coming due.ReplyDelete
Last night, my dad almost killed himself.ReplyDelete
The dairy farm that has been in our family since the 1800's is falling apart.
Unpaid feed, gas, tractor, and supply bills!
My dad is over a million dollars in debt trying to keep up with the dairy farmer's market.
They are not even paid enough in cash flow to cover the bills needed to actually run the farm itself!
They have filed a foreclosure on the land and property. My Dad works from sun up to sun down every day to try and keep this farm going. The economy has taken a tole on my ol' daddy.
He is not the same fun loveable father that he used to be. He is now being treated for suicidal thoughts and severe depression.
My Dad dropped out of college in his fourth year to work the farm for my grandparents. My grandparents were just getting to old to keep on running it, and wanted to retire.
My Dad thought that he could take over and help them retire like they wanted to.
But, instead my whole family has to pitch in to even make it work.
Every day, I pray for a miracle, but Daddy says "he quit prayin' a long time ago".
This isn't my daddy at all!
Someone tell me a way that I can get my Daddy back, and save this farm.
Thanks for reading my comment.
Thanks for helping the farms that you have helped.
Jennifer Medley of ARkansas
Cotton Hill's Dairy Farm, AR
Please, read my family's story.ReplyDelete
I want to share my story, about my family's small dairy farm. This farm was first started in 1978 by my grandfather (Charles Bell) and my grandmother (Virble Bell). The farm was successful in every way. They even were awarded "Dairy Farmers Of The Year" in 1986. They graduated from Grade C milk to Grade A milk. As the years passed the farm was then left to my father (Everett Bell) in 1999. During the last decade, the prices for feed have increased, the prices for commodities have increased, and the prices being paid for milk production have dramatically decreased! This led my father to believe that he needed to build a barn that milked sixteen cows rather than the older barn that only milked five to six cows at a time. He also thought that the mixing the feed himself would help save cost on buying the feed or grains pre-mixed. With the price of milk per hundred pounds a decade ago, his plans for developing a bigger business would have worked, but the economy has changed and also the price of milk for producers. As the prices dropped and the commodity prices increased, this led my family into major debt issues. My grandparents, father, and my step-mother pulled out everything they had in savings, bonds, 401K, and retirement to put into the farm. My father also suffers from a major disease called Crone's disease, which led to even more debt issues. Besides all of this, my point is that dairy farmers today are not getting the price per hundred gallons that they deserve. And even if the price of milk for producers do increase, how will my family be saved from foreclosure. Their houses, vehicles', land, and everything they own is tied up into this huge amount of debt towards the farm. They do not have the income to hire labor help, which leaves only my seventy-one year old grandfather, my sixty-six year old grandmother, my father, and his son to run the entire farm. There is more to be done than just milk the cows. They must care for the calves, provide food and proper conditions for the cows, maintain the tractors and equipment needed to keep the dairy farm alive. Cows must be milked at least twice a day for seven days a week. I (daughter of Everett Bell and my mother-in-law) have been donating our time into helping with labor time on the farm for free. My heart lies into this farm, and the needs of my family. My father has suffered not only physically, but mentally with this issue. My step-mother is a full time student attending nursing school to become an RN to help better provide for the family and the farm. We have searched for charity, donations, and fought hard everyday to come up with a solution for saving the farm. The farm is now in it's fifth generation, and is on the verge of being foreclosed. What if any thing can I or my family do to save this farm. We desperately need assistance of some kind. I am asking with all of my heart that if you know or know someone that can help us achieve the goals of being debt free, and making our dairy farm a success, then please help! Please be aware that we are not the only dairy farmers suffering, but many have already been foreclosed or is on the verge of loosing everything they own as well. Within the last two years the dairy farms have decreased by 80 % the total there were in Arkansas. Can you help us to be able to leave the farm to the fifth generation son (Sidney Bell).
Thank you for taking the time and the efforts in reading my story, and with hope and faith; may a miracle happen for my family and other dairy farmers around the world.
With Deep Regards,
Jennifer Danise Medley
Cotton Hill's Dairy Farm
1874 West Center Street,
Cave City, AR 72521
Contact: Everett or Donna Bell
Phone: 870-283-2663
I wrote this poem. I wanted to share with you!ReplyDelete
Dairy Farmers Don't Give Up!
Here is my story in a poem.
I 'm just a small town girl with a country heart,
I seen my daddy work from sun till dark,
On the tractor with the grain and hay,
While the snow fell down; zero degrees that day,
Kept on going seven days a week,
A dairy farm for his family to feed.
We're just small and unknown,
But we know how to work at home,
We fight the battle of losing time,
Working to save what's in the family line,
Maybe someday we'll see the light,
And win the Dairy Fight.
I' just a mother with broken heart,
I seen my daddy cry and fall apart,
On the tractor with his Chones disease hurting that day,
While the heat melted his skin and face,
Kept on going seven days a week,
A dairy farm for his family to feed.
We're just small and unknown,
But we know how to work at home,
We fight the battle of foreclosure,
Maybe someday we'll find the place,
And God will be our saving grace.
We are small people with the biggest hearts,
We drink tea from a southern jar,
Our children work from sun till dark,
On a Dairy Farm that's fallen apart,
But we'll keep on praying ,
Keep on going,
Keep on working,
For we don't just give in,
We're a dairy that plans to stay and win!
God, I'm just a simple girl,
But I'm asking in this great big world,
For a miracle to see,
Please, lord make my daddy smile back at me.
Oh, Lord make my daddy smile for me.
Oh, God save us and set us free!


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Finding faith in prime time: Behind the scenes of 'A.D. The Bible Continues'
Angie Denison | posted Apr 5th - 4:31pm
This 30 minute special will explain why NBC chose to air the new Christian-based series "A.D. The Bible Continues." The special is called "Finding Faith in Prime Time"; it takes you behind the scenes of this new epic series.
Four families, four faiths
Carole Mikita | posted Apr 5th - 2:03pm
Members of Catholic, Jewish, Muslim and Hindu families share what they believe, how they worship and how they feel about living in Utah, which has a predominant faith.
Conference special: 'Faith on the Front Lines'
Keri Wilcox | posted Apr 5th - 1:34pm
In this special we profile four Utah soldiers who told us that amid the dust, heat and blood of battle came moments of grace where their faith was increased.
Conference special: 'Steadfast in the Spotlight'
Michelle King, KSL.com Contributor | posted Apr 5th - 1:05pm
Michelle King goes behind the scenes to share the stories of Richard Elliot, the principal organist of the Mormon Tabernacle Choir; Savannah Stevenson, the actress who plays Mary in the LDS Bible Videos; and the musical group The Lower Lights.
Conference special: 'There is hope — the John Volken Story'
Carole Mikita | posted Apr 5th - 12:35pm
A wealthy man decides to give away his considerable fortune to bless others in need and offer hope.
Mitchell's Journey: The ripple effect of a father's blog
Candice Madsen | posted Apr 4th - 5:01pm
A father's blog about his young son's journey towards death goes viral. The messages in this blog flood the world with hope and provide comfort and direction for people of many faiths.
Conference special: 'Going Viral, Family Style' views 3 LDS families
Candice Madsen | posted Apr 4th - 12:35pm
"Going Viral, Family Style" goes behind the scenes with three LDS Church families who have found phenomenal success with their YouTube channels. Hear how their success has strengthened their faith and their families.
Faith, family main focus for special weekend programming
Angie Denison | posted Apr 2nd - 9:46pm
It has become a tradition at KSL TV to create uplifting and inspiring original shows to air between the LDS General Conference programming on both Saturday and Sunday. This year, audiences will be treated to an impressive assortment of programs.
LDS Church leaders urge women to build 'strong families' in annual meeting
Carole Mikita | posted Mar 28th - 10:43pm
The 185th annual General Conference of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints officially began Saturday evening with the General Women's Session. Conference-goers were urged by church leaders to fill their homes with light and truth.
'Meet the Mormons': The movie and the message
Carole Mikita | posted Oct 5th - 11:59pm
Go behind-the-scenes of the making of "Meet The Mormons." See how the crew captured the day-to-day lives of six Latter-day Saints and how their faith plays a role in their lives.
LDS general conference wraps up with messages of choice
Carole Mikita and Sam Penrod | posted Oct 5th - 10:27pm
Members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints were uplifted by messages from their leaders, musical numbers and a new religious art exhibit this weekend.
Daring to serve: Young, willing and faithful
Michelle King | posted Oct 5th - 3:15pm
After church leadership lowered the age for missionary service, thousands of youths from the LDS Church have chosen to serve full-time missions. Discover what impact this surge of younger missionaries is having on the missionary effort worldwide.
Family history unites family in 'Turn Our Hearts'
KSL.com | posted Oct 5th - 1:36pm
In "Turn Our Hearts," see what happens over the course of several months as the Jess family engages in family history work and why they say this work ultimately saved their family.
'Life's Miracles:' The story of Seth Christensen
Ken Fall, KSL Photojournalist | posted Oct 4th - 11:54pm
As the ALS ice-bucket challenge gained steam across the country, Seth Christensen continued to fight his own battle with the deadly disease. His faith in God, his belief that miracles happen and his love for his family and friends has given him hope.
First non-English speeches given at LDS General Conference
Brady McCombs, Associated Press | posted Oct 4th - 11:06pm
An LDS leader from Hong Kong, China delivered a speech in Cantonese on Saturday in what marked the first time in the history of the faith's signature conference that an address was delivered in a language other than English.
'One on One' with Dave McCann: ordinarily extraordinary
Angie Denison | posted Oct 4th - 7:36pm
Dave McCann sits down "One on One" with six ordinary people who have extraordinary stories to tell.
'Chasing the Light' shares creating art in a new way
Christie Gardiner, KSL Contributor | posted Oct 4th - 3:52pm
In his new documentary, "Chasing the Light," award-winning director Lee Groberg ("Fires of Faith," "The American Experience") explores what happens when a group of visual artists from around the nation come together with a common goal.
LDS speakers to give General Conference talks in native languages
Paul Nelson | posted Oct 3rd - 9:05pm
For the first time, some speakers during the General Conference of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints will not be speaking in English. What kind of cultural impact could this have?
Special KSL general conference programming will focus on faith, family and miracles
Angie Denison | posted Oct 2nd - 6:43pm
KSL TV has created all-new, original programming for general conference weekend. The programming will air between LDS general conference sessions on both Saturday and Sunday. The focus for these programs will be on faith, family and miracles.
3 ways to join the social conversation about #LDSConf
Celeste Tholen Rosenlof | posted Oct 1st - 7:50pm
The LDS Church's general conference is a time for members to come together and learn about their faith. It is also seen as a time to connect with other members and share messages from the conference, often over social media.
Conference Resources
On-Demand Special Programming
General Conference Podcast
Site Index
KSL's Children's Television Programming Reports, as well as its FCC public inspection file, are available for viewing during regular office hours at the KSL Broadcast House or online.
The station representative who can assist a person with disabilities with issues related to the content of the public files is Mike Dowdle, available during regular office hours at email@example.com and (801) 575-5555.
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Last month, we gave you an overview of sightseeing in Europe via Corvette or rental car. Traveling by Vette (our favorite, but the most expensive, approach) typically requires sending your pride and joy to the Continent, since rental Vettes are difficult to come by. Shipping by sea (vs. plane) is the least expensive method, but it requires time, patience, and, most important, a reliable shipper. We recommend buying shipping insurance to cover any damage that might occur during transit. Your Corvette must have a clear title with no lien, or you will need written permission from your loan company before transporting it to Europe.
You'll also need to obtain auto insurance during your trip. Some companies, such as USAA, offer European coverage if you insure with them. We suggest contacting your agent to see if such coverage is available. If not, blanket auto-insurance riders are available for one month and are usually priced at $800 to $1,000.
If the prospect of shipping your Corvette seems daunting (or simply too pricey), you can always rent a car from a large rental agency such as Hertz or Avis. These companies have offices throughout Europe, and you can even make your rental reservations ahead of time on the Internet. On the few occasions we've been forced to take this route, we've always chosen diesel-powered vehicles to minimize our fuel expenses and purchased supplementary insurance from the rental company to reduce our liability during the trip.
With a valid passport in hand, your next step is to decide where you want to go and for how long. What follows is an example of a recent seven-day European trip we took that included stops in the Netherlands, Belgium, and Germany. As you'll see, we packed a lot into our short, but very enjoyable visit. Here's a day-by-day overview of our trip:
Day One
We arrived at Schiphol International Airport in Amsterdam and took the hotel shuttle bus to our hotel (Best Western Bastion Hotel Amsterdam Airport). After checking in, we picked up our pre-reserved rental car and drove into town. We toured the city by car using our GPS and visited both the Van Gogh Museum and the Anne Frank House. After a nice dinner in Amsterdam, we went back to our hotel to recover from our flight.
Day Two
Seeing Corvettes on this trip was a must, so we drove 85 km (56 miles) north to Andre Boer's amazing Corvette Museum in Wezep (www.autobedrijfandreboer.nl). Boer has about 60 Corvettes on display, from '54 to C6 editions, and is a very friendly host who speaks excellent English. After our visit we drove 247 km (153 miles) to Hasselt, Belgium, where we spent the night at a hotel we found on the Internet. Hasselt is 20 km (12.5 miles) southwest of Circuit Zolder (www.circuit-zolder.be/en). The historic, 3.98-km (2.492-mile) Zolder circuit opened in 1963 and was home to the Belgium Grand Prix for many years. Next, we headed 97 km (61 miles) to Spa, in Belgium. Famous for its hot-spring baths, this city also boasts beautiful architecture and a casino. We reserved a hotel in advance for our planned two-night stay.
Day Three
The Circuit de Spa-Francorchamps is located 10 km (6 miles) from the city of Spa and held its first race in 1922 (www.spa-francorchamps.be). Over the years, the circuit has grown smaller due to safety concerns, and today it measures 7.004 km (4.352 miles). It's one of the most challenging circuits in Europe due to its twisty turns and pronounced elevation changes. A Corvette C6.R won the 24 Hours of Spa in 2007 and 2009. After walking around the circuit, we headed to the Spa Racing Museum in Stavelot. The museum is located in an old abbey and is a worthwhile stop (www.abbayedestavelot.be/hp/pre_home.htm). It features an amazing collection of famous racing cars as well as two other non-racing exhibits. After a full day, we headed back to our hotel in Spa.


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When she was in high school, Sam Baker '13 dreamed about being a college athlete. An avid lacrosse and basketball player, she envisioned the camaraderie that comes from being on a team and giving your all to a sport you love. What she did not envision was having a child on the sidelines.
But life has a way of handing out unexpected obstacles, so when she did start college, the challenges she faced were different from most of her peers. Work, motherhood and school defined her college experience. Athletics were not in the picture – at least not until she heard about the Wilson College Women with Children program (WWC) and transferred.
"When I came here, I found a whole community of women I could relate to," said Baker, relaxing between classes in the two-room suite in Prentis Hall that she shares with her 5-year-old son, Haydn.
Another mother in the program encouraged her to join the basketball team. At first she was skeptical. "I felt out of shape and wasn't sure how I was going to play basketball and get babysitting and take Haydn on away trips and handle school at the same time," Baker said. "I was afraid it would negatively affect my son, but it's the opposite now. He's like a social butterfly because he's met so many people. He's the team's biggest fan."
Although Baker is not the first WWC student to play a sport, she is unusual in that she did not join the team until her senior year. As a transfer student majoring in psychology and the mother of a young child, she wanted to get her bearings before taking on yet another responsibility. But when she did join, she was fired up and ready to go.
"Sam brought passion to the game," said basketball coach Angie Grove, who assigned her to play defense. "She was a very aggressive player who worked hard and never gave up. She was also a good leader and communicator who provided a spark we sometimes needed, and kept the girls doing their best. By the end of the season, she was either starting or coming off the bench."
More often than not, Haydn also occupied the bench, though his grandparents, who live in Frederick, Md., were usually at games to provide supervision - one of the requirements for WWC athletes.
"We have some rules and policies in place to allow (WWC participants) to be part of our programs," said Wilson Athletic Director Lori Frey. "For example, they can bring their children to practice if they have their coach's permission, and that's operating under the assumption that they are old enough to be on the sideline. If it were a very young child, that would be different. The children may also travel on the buses with their moms to away competitions but our rule is somebody has to be at the competition to serve as a babysitter."
Frey acknowledges that WWC athletes like Baker have to be dedicated to make it all work. "Basketball has a lengthy season that runs from mid-October to the end of February," she said. "There are five to six two-hour practices a week, and some 25 games throughout the season with bus trips that can last several hours or even overnight. The time commitment is huge."
There were times she wanted to quit, Baker admits. "(But) I had people who were counting on me and rooting for me," she said.
Her only regret is that she didn't get involved with athletics at Wilson earlier. "Being involved . . . gets you out of the 'we're different from you' box," said Baker. "I was able to fulfill a dream that I thought wasn't going to happen."


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Unfortunately some of our forms will be unavailable between 03/07/15 (17:00 hours) and 06/07/15 (08:00 hours). We apologise for any inconvenience this may cause.
General Consumer Advice
The Citizens Advice consumer service provides free, confidential and impartial advice on consumer issues. Visit www.adviceguide.org.uk for leaflets and sample letters or call the Citizens Advice consumer helpline on 03454040506 for advice.
There are several laws which protect consumer rights but the main ones are the Sale of Goods Act 1979 - [see Sale of Goods Act Hub for comprehensive up to date guidance on the Sale of Goods Act] and the Supply of Goods and Services Act 1982.
Whenever you buy goods, or agree to have a service you are making a contract with a trader. The trader must provide you with goods which are of satisfactory quality. This means reasonably durable, safe, fit for their intended purpose, free from minor defects and of reasonable appearance and finish. They must also be as described to you.
All services must be:-
- provided with reasonable care and skill.
- provided within a reasonable time.
- provided for a reasonable price, if a price has not already been agreed. Remember when asking for a price for a job, if you are given a QUOTATION, then that is the price you should pay; if you accept an ESTIMATE, the final price could be more, but should still be reasonable.
For details of when you are entitled to cancel a contract, select Cancelling a Contract
If you are dissatisfied with goods or services you should go back to the shop or get in touch with the trader as soon as possible. Explain your problem, identify the faults and tell the trader what you want to be done - set a deadline. If you do not get a satisfactory response to your request, write to the trader and detail the problems. If the shop is part of a chain, write to the Head Office address as well. Address these letters to the Customer Services Manager or the Chairman.
Remember, you have NO legal rights where your complaint arises from:
- fair wear and tear
- misuse or accidental damage
- your decision that you no longer want the item although there is nothing wrong with it
- faults that you knew about before you bought the goods e.g. where the goods were marked as 'shop soiled'.
If you do not get satisfaction at this stage, you should write to the trader (sending the letter by recorded delivery post) setting out the full details of your purchase, the problems or faults with the goods or service and a statement to the effect that you are REJECTING the goods. State that if you do not receive a response within 14 days then you will pursue the matter through the County Court as a Civil Claim.
When you buy something which is faulty at the time of sale, you are entitled to a repair or replacement. The trader is entitled to refuse either of these where it can be shown that the cost of doing so would be excessive in comparison with the alternative. Whatever remedy is agreed, it should not result in undue inconvenience to you the customer.
If a repair or replacement is not practical, you have the option to request
a full or partial refund, depending on what is reasonable.
Normally, it is your responsibility, as the buyer, to prove that the goods were faulty at the time of sale. However, in the first six months from the date of purchase, when you return goods to request a repair or replacement, (or following that, a refund) you do not have to prove that the goods were faulty at the time of sale. There is an assumption that the goods were faulty unless the trader can prove otherwise. If you opt for a refund rather than a repair or replacement, the onus will remain on you to prove that the goods were faulty at the time of sale.
You can make a claim up to six years from the date of sale. This does not mean that the goods should last for six years, but is just the absolute limit for making a claim.
If you are unable to resolve the situation with the trader, it may be necessary to go to court to resolve it. If you intend to pursue the matter through the Courts, you may have to pay an independent expert to examine the goods or service and compile a report. The cost of this may be awarded to you by the Court.
The maximum claim that can be heard by the Small Claims Court is £5,000.
Trading Standards can help in some circumstances.
You are entitled to extra legal rights when buying goods online and over the telephone, known as distance selling. Follow the links below for more guidance on buying goods online:Internet, mail order and telephone shopping advice
Guidance for property buying and selling
Following the Consumer Protection from Unfair Trading Regulations 2008 and the Business Protection from Misleading Marketing Regulations 2008 guidance produced last year for property sales businesses, the Office Of Fair Trading has developed two short consumer advice sheets: one for homebuyers and a separate one for home sellers.
The information leaflets and sample letters below are included for you to download and provide more help and information. These and other advice and help can also be found at the Office of Fair Trading or the Chartered Trading Standards Institute
Independent Consumer Advice
Which? are a registered charity and consumer rights group who have been offering independent advice and campaigning on behalf of consumers for more than 50 years. They are now the largest consumer body in the UK, with over 617,000 members that subscribe to their magazine, and over 250,000 online subscribers - and this is constantly growing. Visit them online at http://www.which.co.uk/consumer-rights/ and at their new dedicated mortgage advice service.


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All branch libraries will be closed Monday, January 20 for Martin Luther King, Jr. Day. No checked out items will be due on Monday and all branches will resume normal operating hours on Tuesday, January 21. Please enjoy some of our 24/7 virtual services such as our library catalog, eBooks, and databases.
Tuesday, January 20 @ 11 amChildren ages 4-5 are invited to join Mr. Andy and Mrs. Marcia in the The Randolph Caldecott Children's Room every Tuesday, January through April, for an engaging story time program. We will read books, sing songs and try on our crafting skills. Parents and caregivers are invited too! See you there!


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Absolutely hated it.
Almost as much as the customary brick throw in freestyle.
Not just sour grapes because Ramos got hosed(though that was horrible). They're not overturning wrong moves, and there's no third party.
You're showing the ref exactly what he just saw, you think the same guy is going to change it?
I want it gone or changed.
Anyone else have thoughts?


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11/04/08: 10 Questions with Jello Biafra
10/22/08: Jello Biafra and Matt Gonzalez at UC Berkeley
10/01/08: Jello & Vale on Presidential Politics & Punk!
This Thursday, October 2nd, it's a discussion between Vale of RE/Search and Jello Biafra about Punk, Presidential Politics, and Art! The discussion will be followed by a Q&A session.
08/28/08: Denver DNC Newsflash 2
08/25/08: Denver DNC Newsflash
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We picked up this book from the library yesterday. The book was lame (sorry if you wrote it) but the pictures were fabulous. See what the Dad is wearing? Doesn't that fabric look familiar? And on his bag, and her jacket, and the umbrella? Ok so maybe your not a fabric stalker like myself, the bag and Dad are Denyse Schmidt, the jacket and umbrella are Amy Butler. And there's lots more where that came from. This is my kind of bedtime story.
On another note I decided it was time to stock up on some favorites. And this time I graduated to 1/2 yard cuts (I'm really cheap). I can't stop looking at the Anna Marie Horner with yellow roses on the right. Its so pretty.


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Alice in Wonderland Special Stamps, set on a white canvas within individual mounts and a black ash effect frame, this superb framed product is both an artwork and a superb commemorative item in its own right. Handmade for Royal Mail in the UK. Dimensions W 33cm x H 18cm. Code N3069
Grahame Baker-Smith's The White Rabbit is reproduced from the original stamp artwork created through hand illustration and digital photo collage techniques. With The White Rabbit special issue stamp mounted and framed below, this is a beautiful souvenir.300gsm fine art printOverall dimensions: 33cm x 38cmHandmade for Royal Mail in the UKCode N3070
Packaged in a set, these beautifully illustrated Alice in Wonderland Stamps have been enlarged to 11.25x11.25cm and make a wonderful addition to a bedroom or study. Framed product dimensions: 22x22cmCode N3071
Celebrate 150 years of one of Britain's best-loved stories with Royal Mail. Revel in Alice's curious world with the Wonderland bundle for Ł35.95 (plus Ł2.95 UK P&P). Buy the Presentation Pack, Framed Stamps and Alice's Adventures in Wonderland book together and save 10%. Code PK059


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Michael White's Altamarea Restaurant Group Confirms 206 Spring Street Lease
It turns out that Michael White can go home again after all. The restaurant world was abuzz last November with rumors that Mr. White's Altamarea restaurant group (Marea, Osteria Morini, Ai Fiori, Nicoletta) had inked a deal at 206 Spring Street, where Mr. White got his start in the Fiamma kitchen.
Confirmation came today in The New York Times that an untitled Altamarea restaurant will open in the space. Publicists for the company were tight-lipped on details and did not return The Commercial Observer's requests for comment.
Altamarea will take over three floors of the 12,400-square-boot building, which Corigin Real Estate Group purchased last November from BR Guest Hospitality for $8 million. Read More


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An online collection of books about the Americas published 1500-1926 and covering history, social and political issues, science, religion, slavery, emmigration, women, and many, many other subjects. Based on the Bibliotheca Americana compiled by Joseph Sabin (begun in 1868) and augmented by the work of others, this complements Early American Imprints (books printed in North America, EEBO and ECCO (books printed in England or English 1475-1800), and the American Periodical Series Online.
Guest curated by graduate student Katie Wills
Stories from people who were children during World War II and the objects in this exhibit animate the past and inform us of a time when war took over daily life. "Retrospect is a very interesting thing," says Ruthie Kallnder. "At the time I don't recall any of the information we got as being propaganda," but the government tried to influence children to make "necessary" sacrifices. Propagandists made the war a battle between good and evil, democracy and fascism. They also asked children to share in the war effort. In response, many children took on more responsibilities. Ruthie explains that boys and girls felt "if that's what it was going to take" to win they "were willing to do it." The memories of the people in this exhibit and their wartime actions show the power of propaganda's messages and its lasting affect on their lives. Propaganda posters, children's books, and classroom assignments demonstrate how propagandists reached children and involved them in the national war effort.
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B.E.S.T. Library services limited Saturday June 27 by building power outage
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Rapids Visit Area Schools Via Helicopter to Fight Drug Abuse
DENVER (Colorado Rapids Release) – For the 9th straight season starting this week the Colorado Rapids and the Colorado Army National Guard are once again partnering to participate in a series of visits to elementary middle and high schools via military helicopter — landing in school yards all across Colorado's Front Range to promote the Red Ribbon Anti-Drug program among students.
The Red Ribbon campaign a program of the Colorado National Guard Drug Demand Reduction Office is designed not only to raise awareness about the dangers of drugs and alcohol but to educate Colorado's children on how to avoid substance abuse as well.
Over the past several years the Colorado Rapids have forged a strong partnership with the men and women of the Colorado Army National Guard. Given the National Guard's historical role and intensified efforts in serving and protecting our American communities following Sept. 11 2001 the Rapids have been proud to do their part by supporting the Colorado military every year since then in helping to endorse their Red Ribbon program across the state.
This will be the 9th straight year the Rapids have partnered with the National Guard on the Red Ribbon program.
Area middle and elementary schools can find out more information about how to apply for their school to schedule a visit by calling the Colorado National Guard Counter-Drug Office at (720) 250-2535.


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Companies in Turkmenistan
ECO Green Equipment
based in North Salt Lake, UTAH (USA)
ECO Green Equipment is an emerging leader in the design and construction of cost effective turnkey tire recycling systems. Our focus is to provide custom designed tire recycling systems that deliver optimum production for a variety of applications such as TDF (Tire Derived Fuel), wire-free rubber mulch, crumb rubber, and rubber powder. We have manufactured and installed ...
XPRT Media
based in Madrid, SPAIN
XPRT Media aims to bring together industry professionals and suppliers across the Environmental, Energy and Agricultural markets.Our goal is to enable suppliers to expand their reach, by providing them with a robust platform to showcase their latest offerings, manage their product catalogs and interact with buyers across the globe, while at the same time providing buyers ...
based in Chicago, ILLINOIS (USA)
Enablon is the world's leading provider of Sustainability, EH&S and Operational Risk Management Software. More than 1,000 global companies and 1 million users rely on Enablon software solutions to manage their environmental and social performance, minimize risks and improve profitability. Enablon offers the most comprehensive platform in the industry, and is consistently ...
Stevens Water Monitoring Systems, Inc.
based in Portland, OREGON (USA)
Stevens Water Monitoring Systems, Inc.`s mission is to serve our customers worldwide and be our customers` single source for their water resource equipment needs. Stevens designs, manufactures and supports a broad range of instruments and accessories that provide water level, water quality, ground water, soil moisture, and weather information. These products are easy to ...
SoundPLAN International LLC
based in Shelton, WASHINGTON (USA)
SoundPLAN is the leading noise and air pollution planning and mapping software for 29 years. Use SoundPLAN to map and assess any transportation, industry or leisure noise. Use it for any size project with even the smallest version. Outstanding features include the cost/benefit capabilities for Wall Design and Expert System, extensive documentation features, and it is the ...
The BioSolve Company
based in Lexington, MASSACHUSETTS (USA)
BioSolve is a proprietary, water-based, biodegradable formulation of surfactants and performance additives that work together to address hydrocarbon clean up in a broad range of settings: at sites with contaminated soil, in industrial repair and maintenance, and in emergency response. Biosolve has become the leader in hydrocarbon clean up because it is BOTH easy to use ...
OMI Industries
based in Long Grove, ILLINOIS (USA)
OMI Industries (OMI) specializes in controlling malodors and emissions with our patented Ecosorb(R) technology. OMI has extensive experience engineering solutions to solve a variety of odor-related problems from industries that experience year-round odor problems due to their production process, to seasonal odor problems due to temperature, to occasional odor problems ...
OSEI - Oil Spill Eater International, Corp
based in Dallas, TEXAS (USA)
Oil Spill Eater II (OSE II) is the world's most environmentally safe and cost effective bioremediation process for the mitigation of hazardous waste, spills and contamination virtually anywhere of any size, large or small. OSE II is an environmentally safe cleanup method because it uses natures own bioremediation processes to effectively eliminate hazardous materials.
LG Sound B.V.
based in Zoetermeer, NETHERLANDS
LG Sound has been a leading international manufacturer of algae control systems. Our products provide an environmentally friendly solution to effectively control algae in lakes, reservoirs, treatment plants and other applications. Over the last decade, more than 10,000 LG Sonic products have been successfully installed in 52 different countries.
Mettler - Toledo Int. Inc
based in Greifensee, SWITZERLAND
Manufactures a complete line of pH, Redox, and dissolved oxygen systems including sensors, stationary and retractable housings, microprocessor-based transmitters, and conductivity and turbidity systems.


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Classic Wool BeretITEM: 9251 Our 100% wool designer beret for men and women is designed to be more substantial than an ordinary beret, with satin lining to ensure it keeps its shape. Classic French styling by Hispano Basque. Imported. Dry clean.Learn More
Regular Price: $60.00
Special Price $30.00
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