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The Draize Test is an acute toxicity test devised in 1944 by Food and Drug Administration (FDA) toxicologist John H. Draize. Initially used for testing cosmetics, the procedure involves applying 0.5mL or 0.5g of a test substance to an animal's eye or skin for four hours. The animals are observed for up to 14 days, for signs of erythema and edema in the skin test, and redness, swelling, discharge, ulceration, hemorrhaging, cloudiness, or blindness in the tested eye. The test subject is commonly an albino rabbit. According to the National Anti-Vivisection Society, the animals are killed after the test.
The tests are controversial. They are viewed as cruel by critics, as well as unscientific because of the differences between rabbit and human eyes, and the subjective nature of the visual evaluations. The FDA supports the test, stating that "to date, no single test, or battery of tests, has been accepted by the scientific community as a replacement [for] ... the Draize test"
Because of its controversial nature, the use of the Draize test in the U.S. and Europe has declined in recent years and is sometimes modified so that anaesthetics are administered and lower doses of the test substances used. Chemicals already shown to have adverse effects in vitro are not currently used in a Draize test, thereby reducing the number and severity of tests carried out.
In 1938, after a number of reports of coal tar in mascara leading to blindness, The U.S. Congress passed the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, placing cosmetics under regulatory control (Wilhelmus 2001). The following year Draize joined the FDA, and was soon promoted to head of the Dermal and Ocular Toxicity Branch where he was charged with developing methods for testing the side effects of cosmetic products. This work culminated in a report by Draize, his laboratory assistant, Geoffrey Woodard, and division chief, Herbert Calvery, describing how to assess acute, intermediate, and chronic exposure to cosmetics by applying compounds to the skin, penis, and eyes of rabbits (Draize et al 1944).
Following this report, the techniques were used by the FDA to evaluate the safety of substances such as insecticides and sunscreens and later adopted to screen many other compounds. By Draize's retirement in 1963, and despite never having personally attached his name to any technique, irritancy procedures were commonly known as "the Draize test" (Kay and Calandra 1962). To distinguish the target organ, the tests are now often referred to as "the Draize eye test" and "the Draize skin test".
A 2004 study by the U.S. Scientific Advisory Committee on Alternative Toxicological Methods analyzed the modern Draize skin test. They found that the test would:
In the Draize test for eye irritancy, according to the society's website, solutions of products are applied directly into the animals' eyes, which can cause "intense burning, itching and pain." The website claims that clips are placed on the rabbits' eyelids to hold them open during the test period, which can last several days, during which time the rabbits are placed in restraining stocks. The chemicals often leave the eyes "ulcerated and bleeding."
In the Draize test for skin irritancy, the test substances are applied to skin that is shaved and abraded (several layers of skin are removed with sticky tape), then covered with plastic sheeting. The test solutions may cause "intense pain, burning and itching."
In a letter on January 12, 2006 to the science journal Nature, written to refute an article saying that the Draize test had not changed much since the 1940's, Nobel prize winner Professor Sir Andrew Huxley described the test as follows: "A substance expected from its chemical nature to be seriously painful must not be tested in this way; the test is permissible only if the substance has already been shown not to cause pain when applied to skin, and in vitro pre-screening tests are recommended, such as a test on an isolated and perfused eye. Permission to carry out the test on several animals is given only if the test has been performed on a single animal and a period of 24 hours has been allowed for injury to become evident."
Dr. Kirk Wilhelmus, professor in the Department of Ophthalmology at Baylor College of Medicine, conducted a comprehensive review of the Draize eye test in 2001. He reported that the anatomy and biochemistry of the rabbit eye is not the same as that of the human eye, and that the low tear production, blink frequency, and differences in ocular surface area indicate that testing substances on rabbits might not predict the effects on humans. However, he noted "that eyes of rabbits are generally more susceptible to irritating substances than the eyes of humans" making them a conservative model of the human eye. Wilhelmus concluded "The Draize eye test ... has assuredly prevented harm" to humans, but predicts it will be "supplanted as in vitro and clinical alternatives emerge for assessing irritancy of the ocular surface" (Wilhelmus 2001).
Ophthalmologist and antivivisectionist Stephen R. Kaufman writes: "As a Chief Resident, I have three years of experience at Bellevue Hospital (an Eye Trauma Center), where I have treated scores of toxic eye injuries in the emergency room. I have never used Draize data to assist the care of a patient... I know of no case in which another ophthalmologist found Draize data useful." He argues that rabbits are used because they have large eyes, are easy to handle, and are inexpensive. But he points to what he says are significant differences between rabbits' eyes and human eyes:
Due to these differences and the widespread concern at the use of animals, industry and regulatory bodies responsible for public health are actively developing animal free tests to reduce the requirement for Draize testing. However, a recent review in the journal Alternatives To Laboratory Animals concluded, "despite extensive efforts ... there is still no in vitro method that is fully validated as a regulatory replacement" (Curren and Harbell 2002).


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|Highlights of Twitter #Passoverpty
Co-host Chef Jeff Nathan
We would like to share some of the highlights of KosherEye's 90 minute Passover Twitter Party with Co-host Chef Jeff Nathan. And yes, he did send us the recipes requested by several Tweeters!
CJN = Chef Jeff Nathan
The Passover Twitter Party started with Chef Jeff's tweet "Let's discuss Matzoh Balls..." Many questions flew back and forth regarding the "how/what/why" of matzoh balls.
T: Questions on Haroset
T: I like Quinoa
T: Questions for Seder's at Abigael's
T: Question: What does his family like for breakfast
T: Cookbook Question
T: Questions on Desserts
CJN: a great fish for Passover is garlic crusted salmon and herb crusted sea bass
T: Questions on Brisket
T: Questions on Olive Oil
CJN: I live using citrus juice instead of salt for all my cooking
CJN: citrus reacts on the tongue the same as salt, so squeeze before you shake if you want to cut down on sodium
T: Questions on Kugels
T: Favorite family recipe
T: "Breading" for Fried Chicken
T: Kitchen Tips
T: Tip for boiling and peeling a lot of eggs

subset: commoncrawl


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Petite Nursery Star Jersey Infant Gift Set
Must-have essentials sewn from supremely soft cotton jersey and packaged in a fabric bag makes for a thoughtful gift. Our scattered star pattern evokes the classic lullaby with a sophisticated twist.
- Supremely soft, interlock cotton jersey maintains its shape wash after wash
- Set includes one-piece, hat and bib
- Infant Henley-style one-piece is finished with solid trim
- Solid white hat features 2 stars printed on cuff
- Printed infant bib has solid trim
- Packed in a fabric bag that is ideal for gift-giving
- Made in Turkey
- Machine wash
- In petal, lilac, grey, French blue or silver mist
- Sizes: 0-3 mos. (with fold-over cuffs), 3-6 mos. or 6-12 mos.
- View size chart
Shown in petal.


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Moderators: Tonyblack, Jason, Toothy
CJDobs wrote:Can't prove my disbeliefs of course, and therein lies the dilemna on both sides Not sure Dawkins or Hitchen are the men the put Atheism in the main stream as one is too smug and the other too angry.
Dotsie wrote:I don't really know if I need a tool though, I don't need proof that God doesn't exist and I don't necessarily agree with Dawkins that religion is always bad. Faith schools though, I'm with him on this one. Why bother with a science class if all you'll be teaching is religion? And how come religious education in these schools isn't regulated by the same body as all other subjects? Bad, very bad.
raisindot wrote: Using logic to defeat logic has the potential to change minds, or at least to make a believer realize that there is no logic to believe in a deity, only faith itself. Which is absolutely fine. I have nothing against people believing what they want to believe.
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The easy way to find your nearest Cartier boutique.
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There is something about this photograph of Joseph Gordon-Levitt for Details magazine that really has us inspired. We love the wonderfully natural color palette, the layers of texture and the slick car. It's the perfect inspiration for our gentleman's edition of our Get the Look series.
Photography by Norman Jean Roy
The palette we're dreaming up would include espresso letterpress ink printed on a thick duplexed card of London fog gray. For the embellishments, we love the addition of a gold painted edge and smart indigo envelope liner. Apply this recipe to any of our existing designs to create a dashing design for any event.


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- Janet Echelman
- Brookline, MA
- United States
Sculptor, Studio Director, Studio Echelman
This conversation is closed.
Creative vision -- how do you develop and hold onto it, especially when obstacles appear in your path?
Artist Janet Echelman overcame rejection and doubts to develop her methods of building voluptuous sculptures the size of buildings out of simple materials like fishnet. In this live conversation, ask questions and share your own experiences with Janet about the path to creative endeavor.
This Live conversation will open on Feb. 13th, 2012, 2 pm EST.
If you couldn't make to this Live Conversation, the discussion with Janet Echelman continues on her TEDTalk page: http://www.ted.com/talks/janet_echelman.html
Feb 13 2012: Hi Janet--
The promo for your talk says that you overcame "rejection and doubts". I'd like to hear more about that. I'm an artist and I have occasional doubts, but too much rejection! How did you deal with it?
P.S. I love your work. I look forward to to the Philadelphia piece.
Feb 13 2012: Shirley, I get rejections ALL the time. It's not like it stopped. Any active artist who is putting their art out there. And it is still hard. I still wince. But I try to keep going, just get back in the game. I do recover more quickly now. Sometimes I try to look at the art that I feel truly good about, not the feedback of the world, but the feedback that comes from within. If YOU like the work, then it is worth making it.
Feb 13 2012: Janet---Thanks for the advice! Will spend more time looking at the work and less time checking my email! :-DFeb 13 2012: First time I have used one of these live conversations.
Feb 13 2012: me too
Comment deleted
Feb 13 2012: Running out of time.
If you can re-post your question underneath my TED talk, I can answer them with more time.Feb 13 2012: Your work is beautiful and inspiring.
I'm curious how you source the specialists who help you with some of the technical aspects of your creations -- the aeronautical engineer for example.
Feb 13 2012: Hi Gudrun, I often contact many people before finding the one where it really "clicks".Feb 13 2012: Your question about the aeronautical engineer- Peter Heppel - is a good example. I started by asking my friend who was chairman of the engineering department at Columbia University in NYC at the time if he could recommend a doctoral student or graduate who might help me with these porous dynamically-moving forms. A couple weeks later he got back to me saying he "some good news and some bad news".Feb 13 2012: Bad news was there was noone in his department or anyone he could think of, and besides, I probably couldn't afford it, because it would take someone 6 months just to get up to speed before starting to analyze my sculptural form.Feb 13 2012: Good news was that he had found a software on the internet that was used for sails for racing yachts, and gave me an email in New Zealand where I could try to connect with them. I emailed repeatedly, and finally got a response saying that they no longer represented the software, but I could try emailing the man who had originally written the software, called Relax.Feb 13 2012: I emailed that person, and got a response within 5 minutes asking me to dial a phone number-- that started with the same area code as mine! We were both on the west side of Manhattan. It turned out Peter Heppel (who is a British National) had come to NYC right after September 11th 2001 to work on what they then thought would need to be a tensile structure covering the site. And when they realized they would not cover the site, he was available to work on new projects. So we immediately started working together. Making hand-made net models that we hung from the top of my door in my tiny Manhattan apartment. This story could go on much longer, but that will have to wait...Feb 13 2012: Apa khabar Janet. You have lived in Bali for five years, how fantastic! I wonder if the cultural experience influence your work and creative process? Do you mind elaborate also your experience in how researching on the topic (cultural) informs your art (imagination). Terima kasih.
Feb 13 2012: Running out of time.
If you can re-post your question underneath my TED talk, I can answer them with more time.Feb 13 2012: Dear Janet, thank you very much for being with us today :) My question is: how do you feel about industrial high-tech materials, as opposed to handcrafted nets, fabrics... how do high-tech materials compensate for the lack of the originality that comes with handcrafting something?
Feb 13 2012: That is a good question. I recently asked myself the same thing. I am trying to work on some mixed media paintings and I have questioned what I could get away with in the terms of materials. Is it acceptable to use high-grade, high-tech stuff in art? I would think so.Feb 13 2012: Hi Simone, I think that's a very interesting question. How to answer...Feb 13 2012: I can only speak for myself. I am drawn to the idiosyncracy of hand-made things, from the way a hand-whittled chair is just slightly off center. I suppose it has to do with our human bodies, the way we are imperfectly symmetrical.Feb 13 2012: I am quite interested in high-tech manufacturing methods, and most especially in the new "smart" methods where we can use digitally controlled manufacturing methods to create production which is able to constantly vary.Feb 13 2012: If you've listened to "Taking Imagination Seriously" you have already heard about my work with industrial fishing net manufacturers. While I didn't have time in the TEDtalk to discuss, I'm working with many different kinds of industrial manufacturers. I'm interested in so many things, and I'm never sure which method is going to yield something interesting, so I try out alot of different avenues. I briefly mentioned the new work I'm utilizing for my commission for Philadelphia's Dilworth Plaza in front of City Hall, where I'm working with industrial kanufacturers who produce mist-making machines and fans to create a new kind of art effect that combines with colored light to produce an ethereal colored "scrim". There are industrial knitting machines that can create a seamless 3-dimensional form, and I'm very excited about those possibilities.
Colleen Cole
Feb 13 2012: How did you overcome your confidence issues as an artist and promoting yourself out into the world? I apologize if this has already been asked! :)
- +2
Feb 13 2012: Hi Colleen, You're the first to ask that question today, and it is a really important one.Feb 13 2012: I definitely have experienced what you call "confidence issues", especially when I was younger and just starting out.
Feb 13 2012: Indeed, it is hard to step out and declare with full confidence "THIS IS ME!"Feb 13 2012: The first thing that was important for me to overcome was to believe that it was actually better for the greater good if I was able to make my artwork, mostly because it made me happier and more fulfilled, and that would enable me to bring a positive effect to the people around me. So, even if I didn't believe at first that the actual product I was creating had any benefit whatsoever, at least I could believe that doing something I enjoyed was beneficial to others.
Feb 13 2012: I decided to be a photo/video guy a few years ago when I got fed up with nowhere jobs and being surrounded by an area full of people who had very little eye for art. I have been fairly successful but I really hope to make bids to do more work on a scale close to yours. I just don't know if I am good enough. My biggest success is a win for a photo contest and recognition from Scientific American Magazine. Was an amazing thing to have even that little success. It drives me when I see other people like you have struggled and overcome obstacles.Feb 13 2012: And once I could truly believe that my being an artist created benefit for the "greater good", then I could speak about it and share it and ask people to give me an opportunity to make it. It's funny how even a tiny bit of inner ambivalence can de-rail a creative path.Feb 13 2012: So,at least for me, the place to start was really inside myself, recognizing that even if my art had no redeeming value to the world, it was still all right to be doing it, as it was a net positive for the world anyway.
Feb 13 2012: I appreciate you and your response so much! Blessings :)Feb 13 2012: I think the breakthrough moment f or me happened when I was reading an article by a woman who was teaching writing (I can't remember the name, or the article, so if this sounds familiar to anyone, please let me know, as I'd like to acknowledge her). She was a writing teacher and a practicing Buddhist, and she asked her Zen teacher whether her writing was for the greater good or something like that. And he responded that if she ENJOYED writing ,that was enough reason to do it.
Feb 13 2012: Perhaps it was Natalie Goldberg
Dennis Lee
Feb 13 2012: How do you stay focued on your core vision when there is so much other stimulation that can pull you away? Especially when your art has a commercial application to it, it seems so many trends and client demands can be distracting and you find yourself, little by little, drifting from your core vision.
- +2
Feb 13 2012: Hi Dennis, You have pinpointed a big challenge for me. It's really hard to stay focused on my core vision. I keep asking myself what was the kernel of inspiration that got me started, and I keep asking myself if what I have at the current state of a project is still true to that original kernel of inspiration.Feb 13 2012: Dennis, the issue about commercial applications adds another layer of complication. As best as I can, I try to keep the commercial issues out of my creative process. I sometimes need to acknowledge the commercial aspects by saying it out loud, and then give myself permission to ignore them for awhile so I can go back into free flow of ideas.Feb 13 2012: i do mind maps on essays in anthropology. i think visualizing things makes things easier to understand! some of those social anthropology essays were complex and putting things into perspective with themes and artwork helped me remember all those essays from back then to this day! here i'll upload one...
Feb 13 2012: Running out of time.
If you can re-post your question underneath my TED talk, I can answer them with more time.
Elizabeth Gu
Feb 13 2012: Janet, I am one of the people who were really inspired by your TED talk.
- +1
Actually, instead of telling my idea about this question, I was wondering if I could get your advice:)
Right now, I am in a quite difficult situation.
There are so many things that are beyond me, and there are also lots of things I have to take care of.
I know that I am not able to handle those things just by myself.
But.... there's something I've always wanted to do(not a specific job),I've wanted to try, and learn.
How could you overcome the obstacles?
And if you were me, what kind of attitude and plans would you have?
I know that what I'm talking about here is a bit abstract right now, but I really want to hear your advice even if it would be just a word lol.
Feb 13 2012: Running out of time.
If you can re-post your question underneath my TED talk, I can answer them with more time.
Peterer S
Feb 13 2012: as someone who wants to sculpt more than anything, and has good ideas, i am trapped in the little world I live in and confronted by a pattern of failures right out of college. I cant say im going to let it get me down, but I dont know haha. cantseem to catch a break
- +1
Feb 13 2012: Running out of time.
If you can re-post your question underneath my TED talk, I can answer them with more time.Feb 13 2012: Hello Janet I'm doing an essay over your artwork and i was wondering what do you consider your art to be? I mean it is definitely unique but how would you describe it, or under what genre would you put it? I apologize if it seems too dull but i just want to know. I'm an art history student who has never had an interest in art but yours certainly gives me a feeling of awe. Not to mention how do you perceive your art to be revolutionary, taking into account the unique techniques you have implemented in your sculptures..
Feb 13 2012: Running out of time.
If you can re-post your question underneath my TED talk, I can answer them with more time.Feb 13 2012: Hello Janet,
Do you let time-frames/deadlines, in any way, govern your creativity?
Thank you.
Feb 13 2012: Running out of time.
If you can re-post your question underneath my TED talk, I can answer them with more time.Feb 13 2012: I hypnotize myself. The unconscious mind is largely regarded as the source of creativity, by most creatives I've met anyways and so it's helpful to have a means to talk to it and ask it for help. Hypnosis is good for focusing on things, and everyone seems to enjoy going into trances once they've learned to do it. You can be very focused and alert, but also observant so your creative side can offer suggestions and help you to solve problems you're overcoming as well.
There are many people who disregard hypnosis, and that's their right. I find that there are few ways to really speak to the right hemisphere of the brain / unconscious mind (though I do not think these are identical, only similar in certain ways) that we discuss as a culture. Once you've learnt to talk to your unconscious, there's a wealth of abilities, potentials and insights you can gain. It needn't be all about therapeutic value, you can do it for achievement, learning and releasing your 'super powers'.
Feb 13 2012: Running out of time.
If you can re-post your question underneath my TED talk, I can answer them with more time.
Laura Anca
Feb 13 2012: Hello, Janet! I would like to ask you how would you define confidence and how important do you think confidence is when it comes to creative jobs? Moreover, how do you recognize the area you want to be creative in? And how do you get past people who just say let's do something creative just for the sake of saying it and don't really mean it? Thank you!
- +1
Feb 13 2012: Running out of time.
If you can re-post your question underneath my TED talk, I can answer them with more time.Feb 13 2012: Hello Janet.
If intense research and development was required to develop products and a lot of time passes with several hurdles faced... when do you think, should artists/designers get their designs/products out there in the world... rather than spending longer and longer time chasing the unattainable "perfection" at the start?
Where do you define the line?
Thank you for doing this!
Feb 13 2012: Running out of time.
If you can re-post your question underneath my TED talk, I can answer them with more time.
Lee Hoover
Feb 13 2012: Hi Janet,
- +1
Your work in your website portfolio is fabulous! Some remind me of aurora borealis.
I am "reinventing" myself at an age when my peers are beginning to think about retirement. Learning multimedia design, photography, etc. School, work, homework = not enough of me to do it all sometimes. Housework? Cooking? Ha ha ha.
Perhaps the hardest for me is prioritizing, and not downplaying or second-guessing my creativity, which has never been in the forefront as it is now. Often there is not enough of me after I get off work to feel very creative.
Can you offer ways that you recharge yourself and your creativity?
Thank you!
Feb 13 2012: Running out of time.
If you can re-post your question underneath my TED talk, I can answer them with more time.
Comment deleted
Feb 13 2012: Running out of time.
If you can re-post your question underneath my TED talk, I can answer them with more time.Feb 13 2012: Hello Janet,
Any advice on how to silence the critical mind in order to allow the unconscious total freedom to create? This is a big one for me!
Many thanks.
Feb 13 2012: Running out of time.
If you can re-post your question underneath my TED talk, I can answer them with more time.Feb 13 2012: Do you have a documentary of any of your processes? That would be a great project to work on. Showing some of your skills and unique talents in action while not giving up everything like a TV show. I'd watch it.
Feb 13 2012: Andrew, I'd love to work with a crew on a documentary. A crew in Australia began documenting my project in Sydney Australia this past September, and they are seeking collaborators in other countries. If anyone is interested, they should contact me via the email on my websiteFeb 13 2012: Janet, I'm interested to know about your way to overcome doubt when you are creating.
Feb 13 2012: First thing is that I have NOT overcome doubt. I am always encountering doubt. BUT, when I encounter it, if I have the time, I try to have a little internal dialogue with it, and sometimes to explore what internalized "voice" might be the source of it. I think we all have a kind of board room in our brains, the various voices which we have internalized, and some are more supportive of the creative process than others.Feb 13 2012: Valeria, I'm oftened asked about this, and I want to give you something concrete you can work with. I guess my suggestion is that when you encounter doubt, I would spend a little time exploring where that is coming from. If it turns out to be a very powerful negative internal voice, and it may be just too difficult to make it go away (it generally is) so in that case, I'd say to ask it take take a lunch break, or as extended a vacation as you need to explore your creative issue at hand. Let me know if that is helpful. I'll do my best.Feb 13 2012: Hello Janet, our research group is very interesed in knowing about creative environments, not only creative individuals. Greetings from Bogotá, Colombia .thanks in advance
Feb 13 2012: Ivan, I'm really interested in your question about creative environments.
Running out of time.
If you can re-post your question underneath my TED talk, I can answer them with more time.Feb 13 2012: And I am also curious how you design these pieces before construction. Figure the structures and fabric (fishnet) needed. It would seem a lot of logic and engineering must go into these designs.
Feb 13 2012: Running out of time.
If you can re-post your question underneath my TED talk, I can answer them with more time.Feb 13 2012: Hello. Persevering through all the challenges over a long studio career has been part of the fun. And I say that through the birth of three children, many recessions, and judgements as to who or what I am as an artist in the pecking order. I've ignored the obstacles, worked around them, adjusted and mostly kept my sense of humor. I just care about learning and that's what's kept me going. Now my latest challenge is agism...but hey, everyone else is aging too.
Feb 13 2012: Stephanie, Am happy to engage in this conversation if there is a particular issue.Running out of time.
If you can re-post your question underneath my TED talk, I can answer them with more time.Feb 13 2012: I have always been amazed at what the creative being can do... sometimes the impossible! How do you convince people that this driving creative spirit is REAL?
Feb 13 2012: For me, I have to believe it myself first. I find that if I really truly believe in something, and have conquered my own ambivalence first, then I can communicate my enthusiasm and belief to others.
Feb 13 2012: Janet, thank You for all your wise words. I don't know how about Mary but for me it sounds SO true. But ..do you have some special ways of doing this? Is it about self talk only? What works for me is to write down a lot in my notebook to convince myself. Do you have some other better ways? :)
I would be so happy to hear from you about it more!Feb 13 2012: Mary, does that sound useful? Is there some ambivalence within yourself that is preventing you from convincing others?


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HotTubWorks Spa Repair Forums
Welcome to the HotTubWorks Spa Repair Forums.
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- Hot Tub Won't Turn On.
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Thread: Hot Tub Won't Turn On.
03-26-2013, 08:57 PM #1Junior Member
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- Mar 2013
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I've got an older Cal Coast Spa (maybe 15 years or so, I'm not sure since I got it used). The pump stopped switching into high when I hit the jets button, it would go from the low circulating speed and sound like it would try to go into high but then it would just turn off and 15 minutes later or so you could try again and the same thing would happen. Eventually it stopped working all together nothing happens when you hit the Jets button, and it doesn't work in low to keep the tub warm either. The heat light flickers with no rhyme or reason. It still has power cause the light works. I've tried running it without the filter in and I've hit the heat reset button. I opened up the main panel and controls panel and don't see any obviously loose wiring or corrosion. I had the tub working for about two months before this happened and now its been sitting for about six.
Thanks for any help,
03-27-2013, 08:10 AM #2Super Moderator
- Join Date
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When the pump should be on for heating or filtering you need to verify if the circuit board is supplying the motor power by taking a voltage reading going to motor. If not you may have a bad circuit board since it isn't even coming on to heat or filter. If you are getting power off the board then there is a problem with the motor.
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The US is streaming nearly twice as many songs this year
Apple Music comes at a pretty critical time. People in the US streamed nearly twice as much music during the first half of 2015 than they did during the same period a year ago, while digital song sales dropped just over 10 percent, according to Billboard's report on the latest Nielsen stats. In…The Verge
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Iraqi musicians play ancient oud to soften din of war
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Solo in the Spotlight® Barbie® Doll (Blond)
In a fitted black shimmering sheath gown that flairs at the hem, Barbie® doll re-creates the popular 1960 Solo in the Spotlight® fashion. Simple yet elegant, this wonderful reproduction features Barbie® with a blond ponytail and vintage face paint. Additional details include black pumps, long black gloves, a pink scarf, and a four strand faux pearl necklace. What a stunning reproduction!
Production doll may vary from the photo shown above. Mattel reserves the right to modify the fashion/fabrics, sculpt, hair color/style, and accessories. Doll cannot stand alone as shown.


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Search results for fungi (including lichens) – by date
Field mushroom (Agaricus campestris)
This widespread species is a close relative of the species of mushroom that is typically sold in…
Fly agaric (Amanita muscaria)
The fly agaric is an attractive, vibrantly coloured toadstool, which is familiar and instantly…
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Sandy stiltball (Battarrea phalloides)
This strange fungus has a small, rounded head borne on a shaggy ochre-brown stalk . The head is a…
Reindeer lichen (Cladonia rangiferina)
Information on the reindeer lichen (Cladonia rangiferina) is currently being researched and written…
Crater lichen (Diploschistes ocellatus)
Diploschistes ocellatus is a widespread lichen species that grows on calcareous rocks and soils. Its…
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Beefsteak fungus (Fistulina hepatica)
As the common name suggests, beefsteak fungus is remarkably similar in appearance to raw meat. In…
Artist's fungus (Ganoderma applanatum)
Artist's fungus (Ganoderma applanatum) forms bracket-like fruit bodies that are reddish brown in…
Pig's ear (Gomphus clavatus)
Pig's ear fungus (Gomphus clavatus) derives its name from the funnel-shaped and folded fruiting body…
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Stinkhorn (Phallus impudicus)
Its terrible foetid smell as well as an unmistakable appearance makes the stinkhorn one of the most…
Bridal veil stinkhorn (Phallus indusiatus)
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South Side Messenger 19121004
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lig Elks' Fair On Freeport Engine Burglars at Massapequa Record SOUTH SIDE MESSENGER OFFICIAL PAPER, FREEPORt VILLAGE Vol 5, Number 11 Etwt .Friday FREEPORT AND BELLMORE, N. Y.. FRIDAY. OCTOBER 4, 1912 $1.00 Yearlr* Single C6py>5 Cents Merrick Single copies of the Messenger can be hsa at Max Trillitzsch' news stand Merrick. L. I. tf A. E. Hewlett ia bouse on Miller St. erecting a naw Bev. Frank Draper was a visitor in tbe village on Wednesday. Tht) Misses Hewlett and friends ieft ^ere today in tbeir new auto for a trip to Bridgeport, Conn. Mrs. John B. Christoffel and family have retorned to their home in Mer¬ rick ; they have spent several days in Patchogue at the home of Mrs. Pasco, Mrs.- Christoffel's mother. Services at thn Charch uf the Ka- deeroer Sunday, the eighteenth after Trinity, at 7:30 and 11 a. m. and 8 p. in. Celebration of the Holy Commun¬ ion at the early service and Litany, sermon and celebration of tbe Holy Communion at the 11 o'clock aervice. The Sunday School opens for the fall session in the Parish House at 10 a. ro. The Woman'a Auxiliary will re- Ayiator iOlled in FaD Capt. Longttaff of Brititli Army Meets Death at Bfincola At the conclusion of afligbtof tbree- qoarters of an hour Satarday afternooi'i at the Aviation Field, Captain John L. Longstaff of tfae British army and bii mechanician, Pierre Cbevallier, were plunged fifty feet to the groand. Longstaff's skull was fractured and later in the evening he died in the Nas¬ saa Hospital. Cbevallier lost the sight of bis right eye. Longstafl's machine was a Farman passenger carrying biplane in which he has been flying for the past week at Aviation Field. Tbat afternoon he was scheduled to go up with A. T. Paine, who lives at the Montauk Hotel, Brook¬ lyn. Paine was & few minutes late in getting to tbe field, however, and Long- staff decided to take the mechanician up with him instead. For three-quar¬ ters of an hour they circled and dipped over the field, eliciting admiration from all the spectators. Sometimes tbey flew flfty feet from the ground, sometimes 200. Tbey were about 60 feet from tbe BeUmore sume its weekly meetings on Tbura , j t. j ^ . • ...^ .l ¦ day, October 10. in the Pariih House I ground, headed straigbt for the hangar, at 2:80 p. m. The offering on Sunday *''«" 'oddenly the wire of tbe front is for the cause of General Missions, control of the machine snapped, the A cordial welcome is extended lo aJJ to plane collapsed and^ plunged headfore- attend the services <J this chvcb and ! ""¦» *° ^K^ «"'•>, bury it^ nose in the participate in its commonity work. Chas. Stout and family, having sold their house, removed tg Jamaica on Friday last. Mrs. Peter G. Muller, who sprained faer ankle by a misstep on the stairs : and in conieqaence was confined to her j room for a period, is able to walk about again. | I ground. Longstaff and Chevalier were buried under the wreckage. j Tbe crowd rushed' forward to extri- I cate the two men. Longstaff was so I entangled in the machine that they had I to chop it away with an ax. A strip I of steel was sticking in Chevallier's eye. Both men were unconscious. I No ambulance or doctor was on the field, but I.ong8tBff'B manager, Henry Tip, was present with an automobile. Tbe crowd lifted the two victims in- Col. Whitehead and Mrs. Whitehead [to it and be sped to tbe Nassau Hos- and Miss Jane Duncan of Byron Road i pital, two miles away. There the doc- left Merrick on Wednesday for New j tors tbougbt they could patch up Cbev- York. They sail abroad on the 10th to allier su that be would suffer only tbe spend the winter in Southern Europe. I loss of bis eye. Longstaff died a few j bours later. Tbe annual meeing of Merrick Hook ¦ Longstaff was a captain in the Brit- and Ladder Company No. 1 held on | ish Aimy, on leave of absence. He Tueoday evening, resalted in no change j held an aviator's license, issued to him of officers for the ensuing year except by the Royal Aerial Society of Great in the caae of the Financial Secretary, Britain. He was 32 years old. He who refused re-election. Major J. B. came to America about nine months Christoffel was chosen to take the j ago to fly for the Gracia Aviators, un- place of Henry Offerman. Mr. Offer- j der whose management he was flying man was voted tbe thanks of tbe com-1 Saturday. Until about tbree weeks pany for his good work in the office ago ho waa flying in Mexico as a scout during the last two years. A public in the insurgent army, and at the close demonstration will Hoon be given of | of his exhibitions tbere came to New Single copies of the Messenger can be had at William Wolfe's drug store, Bellmore, L. L at 5c each. tf The Bellmore Concrete Company, of which A. Palermo is manager, has the contract for laying all the sidewalks on the Long Island Realty Company's prop¬ erty between Grand Avenue and the railroad tracks and is progressing rapid¬ ly with the work. This will be a very attractive part of the village when the work is completed. At the evening service of tbe Bell¬ more Presbyterian church Sunday a feature will be vocal selectfons by Mrs. Chris. Mitchell of New Yoak City. Tin WhistTes to Danger TeU Freeport Merrick Women Go Armed With Safe and Sane Means of Defe,nM Merrick, L. I., Oct. 1.—If police protection was ev«r needed in Merrick, the absence of it will never be felt again after Mrs. M. J. Fordham, 62 years old. who lives at the Merrick Hotel, and tbe Miises Hess have finally put into operation their warning whis¬ tles. The whistles have already been adopted by a majority of tbe women of tbe village, bat they have not yet been sabmitted to practical test. During the summer months a num¬ ber of hold-ups were reported herea¬ bouts, and while tbe losseh were small in most cases, the community became alarmed. Men formed themselves into £, , - , , ,... . I vigilance committees anH the women Se^^eral of oar ocal politicians en- j dircuiied ways and means of prevent- josred an outing at lot Raynor i, ,n . crime at afternoon teas and over ^ bay, on Friday. ! ^^^^^ .j,j^^ .^^^ ^, carrying a real, John G. Deabert returned from; I"!'?*'-""?'. °7.'''?''*'y_T°l':*'"* '"""^^^ Rochester Monday night, where he Tbe marriage of Miss Judith Marie! Kiemelberg to John Terence Moran j took place Tuesday, October 1, at 5 p. m., at the Church of Our Holy Re¬ deemer, Rev. Father Logue officiating, I assisted by Rev. Father Nicholson of terminal and union station of the Long New Yurk City Island Railroad at Jamaica is going The bride entered the church to tbe steadily forward, and at the present strains of Mendelssohn's Wedding :;?i^.lreTr^L^.i.^''L^?'K. ^.^ir. March, leaning on the arrn of her fath- The Advancement and Progress of Long Island Work on the construction of the new Mr. and Mrs. Edward S. Deubert spent a few days this week at Boaton, Mass. er, and preceded by her sister. Miss Irene Kremelberg, her bridesmaid, and only attendant. "The ushers were Ber¬ nard G. Kremelberg, Fred V. Hunt, Harry Loonam and Samuel R. Whiley. rhey were met at the altar by the groom and his brother, William Moran. who acted as best man. Miss Kremelberg was attired beau¬ tifully in a gown of white satin and shadow lace, with court train and the conventional veil and orange blossoms. She carried a shower bouquet of white roses and lilies of the valley brideimaid'i gown was of pule blue ment will be completed within a year from now. Rapid construction work haa been most noticeable duringthelaat three months. The bulk of the embank¬ ment work and fill is done and eeveral of the concrete platforjns covered with steel frame sheds are nearing comple¬ tion.'^ This station is not alone of much im¬ portance to Jamaica as a residential center, but it is vital to the general growth and progress of Long Island east of the city limits: and, the rail¬ road company 8 purpose of building this larger terminal at Jamaica is to greatly increase its facilities in the extensive jjgj. i teritory its varioua divisions serve in ' Nassau and Suffolk Counties, Jamaica of course deriving benefit from it. was a delegate from Nassau County to the State Republican convention. Advance Hook, Ladder and Engine with real bullets, met witb disfavor among the ladies, and finally Mrs. Fordham advanced her plan to carry a whistle. She explained the use of it to her Company attended the tournament at | *'''"'^''" .*'^'" ""^ • Rockville Centre en Thursday, with a |. "Now, just suppose you were walk- good number in line, and made their I >"8 a'one along Merrick Avenue and a uaual good ahowing. Eldridge Homan has been confined to his home for some time from an at¬ tack of malarial fever. tbe workings ef the new hydrants and hose. The unsatisfactory alarm whistle at the station of the Brooklyn Water Works is being attended to and tbere is promise of improvement throagh a new arrangement of Doiler connection. York. Hempstead The Men's Club will bold its month ly meeting in the Parish House on I Tuesday evening at 8:30 p. m. f Merrick summer residents are fast hieing themselves away to the city. Already have gone tfae numerous gath¬ ering in the Camp Grounds. Tbis week among the departures were Mr. Sutcliffe and family, tfae Kleufiflls, the Duers, the Uarveys and tbe White- beads. A certificate of incorporation has been filed with the Secretary of State by tbe Poultry Fanciers Association of Long Island, whose principal headquar- I ters are to be in Hempstead. Tbe di- I rtctors for tbe first year are as follows: 11. Brooks Clarke and William Mollin- ! eaux, jr., of Hempstead and Irving I Mole of Roosevelt. ^ Hempstead Council, 158, Jr. U. U. A. M., are arranging for a class initia¬ tion to take place some time this month. ", u • 1 n 1 J r JJ r. Hempstead Coancil, No. 168, Jr. 0. The Merrick Hook and Ladder Com- ^ ^ " ^as presented to Primary pany No. 2 will attend the Charch of , gchool No. 2, an American flag 10x20 the Redeemer for divine worship on f^^^ Sunday evening at 8 o'clock. The j ' rector of the church is the chaplain of | g. P. Parsons, has closed his real ei- tbis company. Special music will be; t^te and insurance office Main St. 1- V, provided. We are happy to report that Wm. ^ neke who waa^ seriously ill last Mk with hemorrhage of the lungs ia able to be about again. Mr. Varneke will probably take a month's vacation in tbe Jersey bills. Mr. Parson's many duties as Village Clerk made it necessary to have his business in the Village building. St. George's Tennis Club will give a card party thia Friday evening, Oct. 4, in tbe Hempstead Bank Building. Mr. and Mrs. Walter Gangloff spent Saturday and Sunday with Mr. and Mrs. John J. Gangloff, after returning from their honeymoon. The season for ihooting rabbits opened Tuesday. Local gunners report the cotton-tail scarce this season. Tbe season remains open until Jana¬ ary 1, 1918. Dont' forget the special stiool meet-1 ing to be held at the pablic school on i the evening of Wednesday, October | 16, at 8 o'clock. i I man approached you. Wbat would you I do? Shiver and run. That's what most of us woald do. "I propose to carry thifi little whis¬ tle," she said, holding up a nickle- i plated affair about two inches long, ', "and if I am in distress or need help I ; intend to blow as loud as evejrl can." { The whistle idea spread like wildfire {through Merrick yesterday and today, j nearly every woman in tbe place is I equipped with one. It is probable, ! too, that the men will adopt the sag- : gestiOD of Mrs. Fordham. It is I planned to notify residents that the j full effect may be given to a call for I help at nigbt.—Times. chifTon and pink satin, and a large ' p^r fifty years thelatter place has been white hat completed her costame. She the junction of the branches of the rail- ; carried pink carnations. j road in the north and south and central I After the ceremony thd immediate , of Long Island. The entire bed of the relatives adjourned to the home of the road from Jamaica to Fi<«hnicr,d II;!1 is bride, where a tempting wedding sap- i being raised and all grade crossings are per was served by Reid. "^'"^ eliminated, thus insuring greater The vouna eonnl« left at eiaht n hi 2E^^ between Jamaica and Brooklyn. me young coaple lert at eig&t p. to. .j^^ completion of this great improve- for New York anriid a shower of rice j ^^^^ jg imperative before the various and confetti, but they will spend their i divisions of tfae road east of Jamaica honeymoon at Washington. On their I can be electrified to the extreme of return tbey will leside on Harrison Avenae. Mrs. Moran was in charge of the Messenger oflfice for several years, and we congratulate Mr. Moran upon hisj wise choice and his success in winnif^g j Miss Kremelberg as his bride; suburban distance. Another two years will witness the last mentioned routes operated by electricity. In view of the fact that the Pennsyl¬ vania and Long Island railroad compan¬ ies are given evidence of their intention to create a great railroad system on Long Island and are counting on future For L. I. Waterway All friends of the project to im- I prove the passageway uirough the The Bellmore baseball team was | South Side bays from Peconic to Graves- handed a shut-out last Sunday, the end, for the promotion of which the L. first of tbe season, by the Rockville I- Waterways Association was recently Centre Field Club, the score being 5 to 0. Jesae Ketcham of Amityville did the twirling for the locals, and pitched a steady game, except in the third in¬ ning, when be was touched for three bits, but the tbree runs made by the organized, will be glad to leam that new and distinctly nelpful impetus was given to the scheme at the meeting of the N. Y. State Waterwaya Associa¬ tion in Watertown, last week. By the earnest efforts of Mr. Joseph Bailey of Patchogue, and Mr. Wm W. Hulse of visitors in this inning was not the i Bayshore, with a zealous co-operation fault of his pitching, bat of errors by his men. Elmer Raab, for the visi¬ tors, was in great form, and pitched an excellent game, striking out eleven men allowing one base on balls and seven-hits, of which Vooria received three. His effective work in the box was the cause of Bellmore's defeat. Bad errors by the local meh gave the ! visitors four runa out of tbe five made. The acore by innings: Bellmore R. V. Centre 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0-0 0-1—6 Summary—Bases on balls, off Raab of the delegates from the Greenport Board of Trade, Messrs. F.D. Schaum- burg and Louis Jaeger, and the cordial aid of representatives of Brooklyn in¬ terests, action was taken distinctly re¬ cognizing and approving the proposed inland waterways along the south side of Long Island and virtually adpnting it as part of a comprehensive schaaule of State-wide improvements of waterways, habors, rivers and lakes within the State. The general principal of the superior advantages of transportation by water over that by rail, so far as re¬ lates to certain important lines of traf¬ fic, has become universally accepted, and the policy of the State is reasonably sure to be more favorably inclined _ a, " tl.. u J. . JI At the laat meeting of the Hemp- Rev. Wra. H. Littebrandt returned gtead Co-Operative Bailding and Loan 1, off Ketcham 1; earned runs. Rock-I that direction as the years go by. The ville Centre 1; struok out, by Raab i developement of immense natural re¬ il, by Ketcham 8; first base hits, j sources in the north, middle and west- Rockvile Centre 6.; Bellmore 7. ' em sections of the State is inseparably I bound up in the extension and better- Next Sunday at 3.30, we will play | ment of water transportation. With Hempstead F. C. Good game promised, i its 45 Representatives in Congress the I State occupies a Gftmmanding position D n r> \M .. < t>- L ,: in relation to federal aid, and it is re- u-l^^'v,, ^" "^"*"°" °l Richmond j asonable to expect that on every prop- Hill will preach in the Presbyterian j er occasion these 43 Representatives, Charch Sanday evening, October 6. ; irrespective of political differences, will I unite solidly in support of any and all There will be a cruise of the Bell-! P''0P«>"'o^^*'daJmsfor federalappropri- roore Yacht Club on Satarday, October ' ^^'^^^- ^j^^.^^^l ^^J^^ .^^'' assured 12. (Columbua Day.) Destination, ! E'^'^P*''* P^-^"?"'"^ ^'"^^^'"^"^ " ?'. "'^ ^^^\ maker of marriages, j growth of population there, real estate " '' " " developers are steadily buying large tracts and developing tnem into home colonies. One famous operator and de¬ veloper has tiought several large tracts in as many places and is holding them until the time is ripe, in his ju(%ement to transform them into home centers. There is a steady lot buying movement in Nassau County, especially, at this time because it is just east ot the city line and directly under the influence of third-rail transportation. The Long Beach division, now operated by elect¬ ricity, serves such growing communities as Rosedale, Lynbrook, Valley Stream, Oceanside and East Rockaway as well as Long Beach itself. This method of operation has brought the ocean front of Nassau County near to its center and has made the county generally more at¬ tractive as a home area. The operation of the main line of the railroad by electricity to Hempstead, passing through Garden, City and Floral Park on the way, is causing a rapid in¬ flux of all year population to these com¬ munities and is resulting in the install¬ ation of municipal improvements there that were undreamed of a decade ago. These are the things that are enhancing real estate values in the county gener¬ ally. It illustrates the old truism that growth feeds on growth. Another strong indication of the oc^ cupancy of hitherto vacant territory is the application, now pending before the Board of Supervisors of Nassau County, for a franchise to build and operate a trolley road from the new Hempstead station to the southern shore and across Hempstead Bay, on a trestle to the east end of Long Beach. If the franchise is granted the interior part of Nassau County vdll be made as accessible to the ocean as Brooklyn is to Coney Island, and the circumstance in turn would aid fee values generally in Hemp stead, especially in southem part. Combine your hearts in one." W. E. Crevoiserat won 33 prizes at the Riverhead and Mineola fairs dur¬ ing the past two weeks, one of whicb was a special for best display. At Riverhead he won the following prize: Single Comb Buff Legborns — first and second cock, first and second hen, flrst and second cockerel, flrst and second pullet, flrst and second old pen, firat and second young pen. On single comb Buff Orpingtons—thitd cock, sec¬ ond hen, third pullet, first old pen and Sayville Poultry Association's special for best cock, hen, cockerel and pallet. At Mineola: Single C^mb Buff Leg¬ borns—first and third cock, first and second hen, firat and second cockerel, firat and second pallet, first and second old pen, first and second young pen and special from Poultry Fanciers Aiaocia¬ tion of Long Island for best display. Progressive Coun''il, Daagbtera of Liberty, will hold a bread and cake sale Satarday afternoon of this week, Oct. 5, in the store next south of the Freeport Bank on Main Street. Those of our local bowlers who think they are good should be at Gere's Bowl¬ ing Alleys next Wednesday evening when they will have the opportunity to witness the work of "Jimmie" Smith, champion of the world. Smith does not consiaer he has any score, unless it reach¬ es" 300, which is a common performance for him. from his vacation last Tbarsday. He ¦pent the time at Sabbath Day Point, Lake George, and returning attended the opening aession of tbe Republican Stata Convention at Saratoga. Aasociation, the aum of 12,209. received. Mr. and Mra. Holmea M. Narwood •ra visiting at Greenwood Lake, N. T., making tbe trip in the|r Metz car. Mrs. L. B. Corlies returned to tbe village tbis week after a happy turn* mer spent in the bills of Vermont and •t New Milford, Cenn. High Hill Beach. Be ready about 9:30 a. ro., aatbe start will be made promptly at 10 o'clock. I The memberi of tbe Fire Depart¬ ment have formed an organization to be known as The Mutual Benefit Asao- i ciation of tbe Hempstead Fire Depart¬ ment. The following officers were el¬ ected for tha term of one year: Presi¬ dent, William Plyer; vice preaident, I Walter R. Jones; secretary, William I Stofftel; treasurer, Arthur L. Nichols. Tbe following trusteea were chosen: Dr. A. D. Roaentbal. G. £. Cornell. ' V John S. DuRtn, W. V. S. Happener, Merriek Hook and Ladder Company Fred S. Baldwin and William H. Ack- No. 2 ara progressive. At a coat ofj ley. About one hundred firemen signed $C60 tbey have purchased from the j tbe charter and tbe association bas ev- llafthattan Ladder Company suitable'ery prospect of a flourishing condition, flra fighting apparatus, conaiating of i All membera of the department are (Continued on page 8) . ! urged to beeome membera and help tbia mottby eaaa«. If yoM want t* pmmH tbia p««al« rtlRtii* "MMWinger." pot River and Harbor committee, the ap¬ plication for the Inland Waterway through the South Bays, backed by the N. Y. State Waterways Association and by the formidable help of New York's Pif^kman Pll<>c delegation in both Houses of Congress, rircinan rlieS I takes on a new and greatly improved To Tournament' attitude of reasonably sure success. .,,.,. . ,. a 1 Every intelligent business man in all It IS seldom that a fireman goes to a the villages along the north shore of tournament in an aeroplane attired in | those Bays, capable of discerning the full uniform, but William kaiser of {incalculable advantage such an improv- Mineola, did so Tuesday, and in addi- eel waterway would secure to the whole tion won a bet of $300, He made tbe ¦ section affected by it, and to all Long trio from tbe Garden City aviatien ^ !«'*"«*.'"H^*** .^ Jo|"'" t^«'«««' Trade field to Rockville Centre, where tba,Z^^^llthXliJ!tr^Z^L\^^'^^t' a .1. XI _ tr I <> ¦ .. Tl. , and thereby help strengthen the L. 1. Southern New York Volunteer Fire-, Waterways Asssociatlon and State men were having their tournament. Waterways Association in a union of Kaiser alao returned in tfae aeroplane | strength and of influence on behalf of George W. Beatty being tbe aviator. ; the Inland Waterway.— Tbe flight required but aeve^ minotes including the landing in Rockville Centre. The return trip required ten minutea. The distance ia saven milee. —N. Y. Preaa. 'I K in til* iwtarl" 4 "I Mw^lt la th* MMHMR««r" Greenport Watchman. Tk b«rt w*r te fickl ikt smA etim baaam k by tswtiii yMT awa baiiasM Mil wwkiag yam batdmd to atk* il tyem. Kivttgdam ia this A4v«rti»* it in Kw*ryk«4jp'a C»l«mn Next Saturday, October 12, Colum¬ bua day, being a legal boliday, this ofi[ice will be closed all day. The exhibition of the "Alpha and Omega Home," given by "Mother" Mary Briggs in Fraternity Hall last Thursday evening was a success and the attendance waa good. The songs by the children, and the speecbea, were much enjoyed, and the Abbott Miner Trio also rendered good muaic; also the singer of Tabernacle No. 9 of Brooklyn. Mother Briggs explained the purposes of the Home and Judge Dickerson of Washington, D. C, spoke concerning the work. In the death of Alfro I. Moore Friday morning Freepert baa lost one of its earliest settlers and roost widely known ard respected citizens. Mr. Moore had been an invalid for some time, but hia condition became alarm¬ ing several daya ago and bia death was not unexpected. Hia widow; aon, Cbarlea Moore, and daughter, Mrs. Joseph Seaman, aurvive him. Tbe de¬ ceaaed laat October celebrated the fiftieth anniversary of bia wedding. At that time he waa robust in health and gavejpromiae of living for many Smithville South SCHOOL NOTES The following pupils were perfect in attendance during September: Made- lin Schmitt, Theodore Johnson, Her¬ bert Mueller, Dennis Regan, Anna Keenan, Francis Dedek, George Regan, Arthur Schoen, Mathew Sbea, Walter Carr, Martha Behland, Anna Guter, Bessie Johnson, Helen McCabe, Louise Lange, Tillie Shay, Margaret Shay, Pern Baldwin, Dorothy Merritt. Herman Schoen, Charjea DeAngelus, George Mueller, Willard Coatello, Emi¬ ly Decker, Marie Dedek, Grace Strau¬ bel, Vera Thamm, George Fieaeler, Attbur Kieper, George Savoldy, David Savoldy, Arthar Schleddrn, George Schneider. Tboae ^boae namea follow wera per¬ fect in deportment: Leater Smith, "_._,"™.. ...,^ ,", .".", Charlea Smitfa, Lillian Feld, Helen years. He waa aged 68. Hia widow ?°,PP' *^«''' '***^' ^"" Baldwin, Wil waa Anna Aogusta Lawrence, of^Pree port Mr. Moore waa born in Rooae velt and wben a young man engaged in tbe grocery basineaa. Some yeara ago he retired, moving to 79 Chareh Street, wbere fae died. Tbe faneral was bald Sunday; interment ii^ GreenfieM Camatery. (Continae)fl on Page 5) •¦I awar ft In tAm Mnaaangar" helmina Epp, Doretby Merritt, Rath Bopp, Helen Schult, Herman Schoen, Albert Betts, Victor Pahrenfald, Fran¬ cis Sabia, Howard Schneider, Birdaay, Skidmore, Joseph Titmaa, Jane A maa. Agnea Cameron, Florence Decker Marie Dedek, Loretta Fielda, Mary MeCaba, Ella Nielsen, Katberina Sabia. Grace Sehqit, Maod Sbclt. 1 Sadia Smitb, Daisy Straobei. Atfvartiaa In Kvorybddy'a Calw na
Object Description
|South Side Messenger 19121004
|South Side Messenger 19121004
lig Elks' Fair On
Freeport Engine
Burglars at Massapequa Record
OFFICIAL PAPER, FREEPORt VILLAGE
Vol 5, Number 11
Etwt .Friday
$1.00 Yearlr* Single C6py>5 Cents
Single copies of the Messenger can be hsa at Max Trillitzsch' news stand Merrick. L. I. tf
A. E. Hewlett ia bouse on Miller St.
erecting a naw
Bev. Frank Draper was a visitor in tbe village on Wednesday.
Tht) Misses Hewlett and friends ieft ^ere today in tbeir new auto for a trip to Bridgeport, Conn.
Mrs. John B. Christoffel and family have retorned to their home in Mer¬ rick ; they have spent several days in Patchogue at the home of Mrs. Pasco, Mrs.- Christoffel's mother.
Services at thn Charch uf the Ka- deeroer Sunday, the eighteenth after Trinity, at 7:30 and 11 a. m. and 8 p. in. Celebration of the Holy Commun¬ ion at the early service and Litany, sermon and celebration of tbe Holy Communion at the 11 o'clock aervice. The Sunday School opens for the fall session in the Parish House at 10 a. ro. The Woman'a Auxiliary will re-
Ayiator iOlled in FaD
Capt. Longttaff of Brititli Army Meets Death at Bfincola
At the conclusion of afligbtof tbree- qoarters of an hour Satarday afternooi'i at the Aviation Field, Captain John L. Longstaff of tfae British army and bii mechanician, Pierre Cbevallier, were plunged fifty feet to the groand. Longstaff's skull was fractured and later in the evening he died in the Nas¬ saa Hospital. Cbevallier lost the sight of bis right eye.
Longstafl's machine was a Farman passenger carrying biplane in which he has been flying for the past week at Aviation Field. Tbat afternoon he was scheduled to go up with A. T. Paine, who lives at the Montauk Hotel, Brook¬ lyn. Paine was & few minutes late in getting to tbe field, however, and Long- staff decided to take the mechanician up with him instead. For three-quar¬ ters of an hour they circled and dipped over the field, eliciting admiration from all the spectators. Sometimes tbey flew flfty feet from the ground, sometimes 200.
Tbey were about 60 feet from tbe
sume its weekly meetings on Tbura , j t. j ^ . • ...^ .l ¦
day, October 10. in the Pariih House I ground, headed straigbt for the hangar, at 2:80 p. m. The offering on Sunday *''«" 'oddenly the wire of tbe front is for the cause of General Missions, control of the machine snapped, the A cordial welcome is extended lo aJJ to plane collapsed and^ plunged headfore- attend the services
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Hi all
Don't know whether this thread has already been started, so i'll apologise now. Has anyone played any of the Discworld boardgames? I have Thud and played it a few times with friends, but has anyone played the others (I may be eager to buy them you see )?
Cheers all
Hobbit Feets


text:
First Batch Of 2016 Mazda MX-5 Lands At The Port... Sports Cars
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16 minutes ago
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We've heard that a new Mazdaspeed 3 based on the latest-generation Mazda 3 is in the works, and that it could be fitted with an all-wheel-drive system to help give it... read more August 26, 2014 by Viknesh Vijayenthiran
Official details for the all-new 2014 Mazda 3 sedan have finally hit the Web, revealing the stylish compact from virtually every angle. As expected, the redesigned sedan... read more July 11, 2013 by Viknesh Vijayenthiran 0
We've been keeping close tabs on the new 2014 Mazda 3 for months, including spy shots galore, and now it's finally here. The third-generation compact hatchback and sedan from... read more June 26, 2013 by Joel Feder 0
Mazda will stream the live reveal of a brand new model via Microsoft's Xbox Live online gaming platform, the automaker has confirmed. The new model, likely to be the... read more June 26, 2013 by Viknesh Vijayenthiran 0
Mazda is readying its next-generation Mazda3 Hatchback and Sedan for debut this coming year, with the new range expected to arrive as 2014 models. These latest shots... read more February 12, 2013 by Viknesh Vijayenthiran 0


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Grill Friends Wood
Grill Friends line of cedar planks, smoking woods and cedar grilling wraps are of the highest quality. Grill Friends Cedar, Pecan and Hickory Planks come in different sizes. Grill Friends Smoking Woods are a brand new product and it wasn't until now that Elizabeth Karmel found just the right mix. The best way to spice up your cooking is with authentic wood smoking chips. Pecan is the griller's choice, for steaks, beef and game. Grill Friends smoking wood is American grown in organic and sustainable forests. The packaging is designed to be simple to be used for one cook and contains two cups of smoking chips. Moisten chips right inside the bag that they come in and put directly on coals or use the Grill Friends' Reusable Black Steel Smoker Box (sold separately). These chips are part of a line of new wood products from Elizabeth Karmel.
Elizabeth Karmel's Grill Friends Grill Wraps Pecan and Cherry (8)$9.99
Elizabeth Karmel's Grill Friends Grill Wraps Combo Maple & Hickory$9.99
Elizabeth Karmel's Grill Friends Cherry Wood Smoker Chips and Box$12.99
Elizabeth Karmel's Grill Friends Cherry Wood Chips (2 Cups)$2.99
Elizabeth Karmel's Grill Friends Apple Wood Chips (2 Cups)$2.99
Out of stock


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News about Chad, including commentary and archival articles published in The New York Times.
Chronology of Coverage
Jun. 28, 2015
In Transit blog; California-based travel company Mountain Travel Sobek offers 18-day trips to Chad, a little-visited African country. MORE
Jun. 16, 2015
Four suicide bombers strike Police Headquarters and training academy in capital city of Ndjamena, Chad, killing 23 other people, and wounding 101; attack is believed to be retaliation by Boko Haram. MORE
May. 14, 2015
Court officials in Chad announce that former Pres Hissene Habre will stand trial on charges of crimes against humanity in special court session in Senegal, first such case to be tried on principle of universal jurisdiction, which holds some crimes transcend national borders. MORE
Mar. 28, 2015
Pres Idriss Deby of Chad, despite poor record on human rights and corruption, has gained approval of Western governments for his crucial military support in battles against Boko Haram in Nigeria and Al Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb in Mali; Chadian army is the most capable and well-equipped in region. MORE
Mar. 10, 2015
Chad and Niger mount military offensive against Boko Haram in neighboring Nigeria, taking control of frontier towns Damasak and Malam Fatori. MORE
Mar. 8, 2015
Nigeria-based militant group Boko Haram says it has pledged allegiance to Islamic State, claim that Western counterterrorism officials say appears to be legitimate; pledge of allegiance adds new urgency to American and allied commanders' training of African counterterrorism troops in Chad, which was organized due to Boko Haram's previous activities. MORE
Feb. 19, 2015
Chad's military takes control of Nigerian town of Dikwa, occupied by Boko Haram militants for five months, in Chad's deepest push into militant territory; analysts say it is too soon to tell if Chad's advances will turn tide against Boko Haram. MORE
Feb. 15, 2015
Senegalese tribunal announces that human rights trial of Hissene Habre, former president of Chad, will soon begin on charges that include crimes against humanity, war crimes and torture; Habre is accused of overseeing deaths of thousands during his time in power before fleeing Chad to Senegal in 1990; will be first African trial to rely on 'universal jurisdiction' rules. MORE
Feb. 14, 2015
Islamist militant group Boko Haram, whose members have killed thousands in their home country of Nigeria, has spread into Chad, attacking a village there that was home to Nigerian refugees; group has also lodged attacks in nearby Cameroon and Niger. MORE
Feb. 5, 2015
Chad reports that its military forces have chased Boko Haram militants from Nigerian town of Gamboru Ngala, marking its second routing of extremists from long-held position in a week; incident points to Nigeria's failure to deal with militants on its own soil in conflict in which Chad appears to have taken lead. MORE
Jan. 31, 2015
African Union's peace and security council calls on Nigeria, Benin, Cameroon, Chad and Niger to prevent expansion of Boko Haram; stops short of authorizing cross-border operations. MORE
Sep. 30, 2014
Carter Center study shows that Guinea worms are far more common in dogs in Chad than in people, and that dogs' consumption of fish guts is to blame; villagers are being urged to burn or bury guts and to tie up their dogs. MORE
Apr. 4, 2014
Chad says it is withdrawing troops from African Union-led peacekeeping mission in Central African Republic; decision comes after criticism that Chadian soldiers were siding with Muslim militias against Christians fighting a bloody sectarian conflict. MORE
Oct. 18, 2013
Chad, Chile, Lithuania, Nigeria and Saudi Arabia are elected to seats on 15-member United Nations Security Council for two-year terms starting in January 2014. MORE
Jul. 1, 2013
Hissene Habre, former president of Chad, accused of killing and torture of thousands of opponents, is arrested in Dakar, Senegal; arrest is hailed as decisive step toward justice for victims of Habre's brutal 8-year reign in 1980s. MORE
Apr. 16, 2013
President Idriss Deby of Chad says his country's troops are pulling out of Mali three months after the French-led mission to oust militants linked to Al Qaeda began. MORE
Mar. 20, 2013
Conservation groups say that poachers have killed at least 86 elephants in Chad, including 33 pregnant females and 15 calves, and warn that elephants in Central Africa risk being wiped out by such slaughters. MORE
Mar. 3, 2013
Chad's military says that its soldiers in Mali have killed Mokhtar Belmokhtar, although claim has not been confirmed; Belmokhtar was mastermind of January seizure of Algerian gas plant that left at least 37 foreign hostages dead. MORE
Mar. 2, 2013
French military strikes at Islamist militants dug in along remote, rocky mountain ranges of northern Mali, killing scores; operations are conducted with Chadian troops, and are further sign that French military intervention in Mali is not winding down soon. MORE
Feb. 25, 2013
Chadian military announces that nearly 100 Islamist fighters were killed in firefight in rugged northern reaches of Mali, in what appears to have been single most deadly ground battle since Malian war began. MORE
Feb. 13, 2013
French aid workers Eric Breteau and Emilie Lelouch are sentenced to 2 years in prison for trying to bring 103 children from Chad to France for adoption. MORE
Feb. 9, 2013
New internationally backed court opens in Senegal, and its judges will prepare case against former ruler of Chad, Hissene Habre, who has been living in exile in Senegal. MORE
Jan. 1, 2013
Rangers in Zakouma National Park in Chad are increasingly finding themselves wading into the bush to confront hardened soldiers working as ivory poachers; trend is due to rebel groups and even government armies slaughtering thousands of elephants across Africa to cash in on record-high ivory prices (Series: The Price of Ivory). MORE
Jul. 21, 2012
International Court of Justice orders Senegal to prosecute Chad's former president Hissene Habre, who has lived comfortably in Senegal since 1990, despite indictments in connection with political killings and a host of other brutalities; decision, which could affect exiled leaders in other countries, finds that Senegal breached the 1984 Conventional Against Torture by ignoring charges against Habre. MORE
Mar. 13, 2012
International judges in The Hague are hearing a complex case to decide which country has the right to try Hissene Habre, former president of Chad, who has been indicted in both Senegal and Belgium in connection with political killings, torture and other brutalities. MORE
Nov. 22, 2011
Researchers use particles of Krypton 81 to determine age of waters in North Africa's Nubian Aquifer and develop theories on how it replenishes itself; research is imperative to determining sustainable fair-use arrangements between LIbya, Egypt, Chad and Sudan, countries which rely on its waters; method uses lasers to locate extremely rare Krypton 81 particles, which can then be used to determine last time water has been exposed to open air. MORE
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Suicide Bombers Strike Chad's Capital
At least 23 people were killed in the bombings in Ndjamena, and the president's office said the Nigerian terrorist group Boko Haram was to blame.
June 16, 2015, Tuesday
MORE ON CHAD AND: Chad , Boko Haram , Attacks on Police , Terrorism , Civilian Casualties , Ndjamena (Chad)
Chad: Date Is Set for Ex-President's Trial
Former President Hissène Habré will stand trial on charges of crimes against humanity on July 20 at a special court in Senegal.
May 14, 2015, Thursday
MORE ON CHAD AND: War Crimes, Genocide and Crimes Against Humanity , Human Rights and Human Rights Violations , Chad , Senegal , Habre, Hissene
'Tale of Two Cities' Widens Worldwide for Children, Study Shows
Save the Children said in two-thirds of the countries surveyed, poorest urban children are at least twice as likely to die as wealthy counterparts.
May 5, 2015, Tuesday
MORE ON CHAD AND: Save the Children , Haiti , Niger , Mali , Central African Republic , Congo, Democratic Republic of (Congo-Kinshasa) , Somalia , Ivory Coast , Chad , Sierra Leone , Gambia , Income Inequality , Guinea-Bissau , Infant Mortality , Medicine and Health , Children and Childhood , Urban Areas , Babies and Infants , Third World and Developing Countries , Statistics , United States
Chad Strongman Says Nigeria Is Absent in Fight Against Boko Haram
President Idriss Déby of Chad has won favor with the West, which is only too happy to call on his forces in a region seething with Islamist terrorists.
March 28, 2015, Saturday
MORE ON CHAD AND: Chad , Deby, Idriss , Boko Haram , Al Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb , Nigeria , Mali , Africa , Terrorism , Defense and Military Forces
Nigerian Army Noticeably Absent in Town Taken From Boko Haram
Soldiers from Chad and Niger had succeeded in chasing Boko Haram out of Damasak, Nigeria, but there was not a single Nigerian soldier to be found.
March 22, 2015, Sunday
MORE ON CHAD AND: Boko Haram , Nigeria , Chad , Niger
Neighbors of Nigeria Take On Boko Haram
Troops from Chad and Niger attacked Boko Haram militants in neighboring Nigeria, two days after the Islamist terror group killed scores in bombings there.
March 10, 2015, Tuesday
MORE ON CHAD AND: Chad , Niger , Nigeria , Boko Haram , Terrorism , Defense and Military Forces
African Training Exercise Turns Urgent as Threats Grow
New ties between Boko Haram and the Islamic State have reinforced American and European concerns that have led to the training of African troops.
March 8, 2015, Sunday
In Nigeria, Boko Haram Loses Ground to Chadians
Chadian soldiers fought their way into Dikwa, which had been in militant hands for months, and the army of Nigeria took Monguno, in the northeastern part of the nation.
February 19, 2015, Thursday
MORE ON CHAD AND: Nigeria , Chad , Boko Haram , Defense and Military Forces , Terrorism
Trial on War Crimes Is Set for Ex-President of Chad
Hissène Habré, who led the country from 1982 to 1990, is being prosecuted abroad after a 19-month investigation into the deaths of thousands.
February 15, 2015, Sunday
MORE ON CHAD AND: Chad , Habre, Hissene , War Crimes, Genocide and Crimes Against Humanity , Human Rights and Human Rights Violations , Senegal , Dakar (Senegal)
With Attack, Boko Haram Makes Chad Its 4th Target
The Islamist militant group widened its operations to a fourth country, crossing Lake Chad before daybreak on Friday to attack a village.
February 14, 2015, Saturday
MORE ON CHAD AND: Chad , Terrorism , Boko Haram , Nigeria , United Nations , Deby, Idriss , Shekau, Abubakar
Win a Trip 2013
As Erin Luhmann travels with Op-Ed columnist Nicholas D. Kristof, she reports on malnutrition in Mali, treatments for clubfoot in Niger and the refugee crisis from the conflict in Darfur.
In Chad, Hidden Dangers in Guarding Wildlife
Dozens of African park rangers have been killed in recent years, many in revenge-driven ambushes. Ivory poachers, it seems, are becoming increasingly wily and ruthless.
Hurray for Hollywood?
The columnist Nicholas D. Kristof will do anything to get people's attention on the situation in Eastern Chad -- even tagging along with a Hollywood celebrity, George Clooney.
Sisters. Victims. Heroes.
Columnist Nicholas D. Kristof updates the story of Suad, a refugee from Darfur now living in Eastern Chad, who saved her little sister, Halima, from a Janjaweed attack.
Darfur's Generation X
Many boys coming of age in the refugee camps in Darfur, Sudan, constitute a rising political force referred to as the "shabab," which is Arabic for "young men."
Rss Feeds On Chad
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Hi its matt i have the keenan allen atomic, would you be willing to go 115 shipped?
Lmk k!
is there a reason why u did not confirm our trade casue i see taht u've been on here since i posted it?
Pm storage space was full, was going to say if you want that lot its yours.
LMK either way.
appreciate ya! Thanks!
Awesome banner!
im gonna leave feedback, please do the same
???did you????
hey did you receive yet? pm me
Ok, but the Walker BV 25, and the Kolby Smith BV 25 For the Miggy that offer is still availabe.
I'm going to hold off for now, but if you get any Lynch or peyton autos, the Miggy PC would be up for trade. Thanks< Jen
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Fast Track Classes
Designed with students' busy schedules in mind, Fast Track courses are eight-week courses which can begin at the start of or the middle of the regular semester. Also known as "short session" courses, Fast Track classes usually meet more frequently or for longer times than full-session classes.
Please click on the desired course from the navigation list on the left.
Deadlines for less than full semester classes are determined as indicated below:
- Deadline to add - first week class meets
- Deadline for refund - 10% of actual class meeting days (in some cases this may be the first day of class)
- Deadline to apply for credit/no credit option - 30% of actual class meeting days
- Deadline to withdraw without a "W" grade - 30% of actual meeting days
- Deadline to withdraw and receive a "W" - 75% of actual class meeting days


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Nike Youth Home Game Jersey Baltimore Ravens Haloti Ngata #92
See Price In Cart
Product Information:
Help your little one catch the Baltimore spirit with the Nike® Ravens Haloti Ngata #92 Home Game Jersey. Your child can run free and comfortable thanks to the jersey's lightweight, athletic fit and strategically placed ventilation. With Ngata's screen-printed name and #92, your little Raven can re-enact his or her favorite pass rusher's every sack. Pass your Ravens allegiance down to your child with this Nike® game jersey.
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Country of Origin: ChinaWeb ID: 15556076


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20th-Century Decorative Arts (installation).
- Dates: May 25, 1994 through October 2, 1995
- Collections: Decorative Arts
... more
American Architectural Metalwork, 1890–1930
The use of metal for architectural embellishment, which can be traced back to ancient times, enjoyed a great flowering in the United States between about 1890 and 1930, when it was often an important component of all sorts of buildings. Exhibited here are a few examples of this golden age of American architectural metalwork, which, because they were meant to blend with the buildings for which they were designed, also serve to illustrate some of the major styles of the period.
The three pieces made in Chicago, for example, represent the Prairie School, an indigenous American style that originated in the Midwest as a conscious reaction to the perceived exuberant floridity of the European Art Nouveau and the staid neoclassicism of Beaux Arts. The grille by Samuel Yellin reflects his personal synthesis of the Renaissance Revival and Arts and Crafts styles, while Thomas Lamb's ventilation cover, from a famous 1930s movie palace, is rendered in the Art Moderne (or Art Deco) style, which originated in France in the 1920s. Two of the Chicago-made pieces are from elaborate elevators made for early skyscrapers, a building form invented by the Chicago architects Louis H. Sullivan, Denkmar Adler, and William Le Baron Jenney. Unlike contemporary skyscrapers, in which the mechanical elements of elevators are hidden and elevator doors blend seamlessly with the building's interior, the first tall buildings featured elevators with an exposed mechanical structure and ornate metal doors and cages designed to celebrate the skyscraper's novelty.
By 1940 the use of elaborate metal architectural decoration in America had declined sharply. Both the austerity of the Great Depression and government restrictions on the use of all types of metal due to the military demands of World War II sounded the final death knell.